Xestia

**魯夜蛾屬**（學名：_Xestia_）為夜蛾科的一個屬。

### 異名

Junior synonyms and other obsolete generic names for _Xestia_ moths are:

* _Agrotimorpha_ Barnes & BenjaminTemplate:Check, 1929
* _Agrotiphila_ Grote, 1876Template:Check
* _Amathes_ Hübner, [1821]
* _Anomogyna_ Staudinger, 1871
* _Archanarta_ Barnes & Benjamin, 1929
* _Ashworthia_ Beck, 1996
* _Asworthia_ (_lapsus_)
* _Barrovia_ Barnes & McDunnoughTemplate:Check, 1916
* _Calamogyna_ (_lapsus_)
* _Calanomogyna_ Beck, 1996
* _Calocestia_ (_lapsus_)
* _Caloxestia_ Beck, 1996
* _Castanasta_ Beck, 1996
* _Cenigria_ Beck, 1996
* _Epipsiliamorpha_ Barnes & BenjaminTemplate:Check, 1929
* _Ericathia_ Beck, 1996
* _Hiptelia_ Guenée, 1852
* _Hypoxestia_ Hampson, 1903Template:Check
* _Hyptioxesta_ Rebel, 1901
* _Knappia_ Nye, 1975
* _Lankialaia_ Beck, 1996
* _Lena_ Herz, 1903 (_non_ Casey, 1886 preoccupied)
* _Litaea_ (_lapsus_)
* _Lorezea_ (_lapsus_)
* _Lorezia_ Beck, 1996
* _Lytaea_ Stephens, 1829
* _Megarhomba_ Beck, 1996
* _Megasema_ Hübner, [1821]
* _Monticollia_ Beck, 1996
* _Pachnobia_ Guenée, 1852
* _Palaeamathes_ Boursin, 1964
* _Paramathes_ Boursin, 1964
* _Palkermes_ Beck, 1996
* _Palkkermes_ (_lapsus_)
* _Peranomogyna_ Beck, 1996
* _Platagrotis_ Smith, 1890
* _Pteroscia_ Morrison, 1875
* _Schoyenia_ Aurivillius, 1883
* _Segetia_ Stephens, 1829
* _Synanomogyna_ Beck, 1996
* _Xenopachnobia_ Beck, 1996

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

### 亞屬 _Anomogyna_

* _Xestia albuncula_ (Eversmann, 1851)
* _Xestia alpicola_ – northern dart (type of _Xenopachnobia_)
* _Xestia badicollis_ – northern variable dart, northern conifer dart, white pine cutworm (possibly belongs in _X. elimata_)
* _Xestia borealis_ (Nordström, 1933)
* _Xestia brunneopicta_ (Matsumura, 1925)
* _Xestia caelebs_
* _Xestia dilucida_ – dull reddish dart, reddish heath dart
* _Xestia distensa_ (Eversmann, 1851) (sometimes in _X. laetabilis_)
* _Xestia elimata_ – southern variable dart, variable climbing caterpillar
* _Xestia fabulosa_ (Ferguson, 1965)
* _Xestia fennica_ (Brandt, 1936)
* _Xestia gelida_ (Sparre-Schneider, 1883) (type of _Peranomogyna_)
* _Xestia imperita_ (Hübner, [1831]Template:Check)
* _Xestia infimatis_ Grote, 1880Template:Check (tentatively placed here, may belong in subgenus _Xestia_)
* _Xestia laetabilis_ (Zetterstedt, [1839]Template:Check) (type of _Anomogyna_)
* _Xestia mustelina_ Smith, 1900Template:Check
* _Xestia perquiritata_ – boomerang dart
* _Xestia praevia_ (possibly belongs in _X. elimata_)
* _Xestia rhaetica_ (type of _Synanomogyna_)
* _Xestia sincera_ (type of _Calanomogyna_)
* _Xestia speciosa_ (type of _Platagrotis_)
* _Xestia vernilis_ Grote, 1879
* _Xestia viridiscens_ (Turati, 1919) (sometimes in _X. speciosa_)
* _Xestia yatsugadakeana_ (Matsumura, 1926)

### 亞屬 _Megasema_

_ashworthii_/"_Ashworthia_" 組

* _Xestia ashworthii_ – Ashworth's rustic (type of _Ashworthia_)
* _Xestia okakensis_ Packard, 1867Template:Check
  * _Xestia okakensis okakensis_ Packard, 1867Template:Check
  * _Xestia okakensis morandi_ (Benjamin, 1934) (sometimes considered distinct species)
* _Xestia scropulana_ Morrison, 1874Template:Check (formerly in _X. wockei_)
* _Xestia wockei_

_kollari_ group

* _Xestia kollari_

八字地老虎（_c-nigrum_） group

* 八字地老虎 _Xestia c-nigrum_ – setaceous Hebrew character, "spotted cutworm" (type of _Cenigria_)
* _Xestia ditrapezium_ – triple-spotted clay
* _Xestia dolosa_ – greater black-letter dart, woodland spotted cutworm, "spotted cutworm"
* _Xestia praetermissa_ WarrenTemplate:Check (possibly belongs in _X. c-nigrum_)
* _Xestia triangulum_ – double square-spot (type of _Megasema_)

Species group unknown

* _Xestia inuitica_ Lafontaine & Hensel, 1998

### 亞屬 _Pachnobia_

* _Xestia alaskae_ (type of _Epipsiliamorpha_; tentatively placed here, may belong in subgenus _Schoyenia_)
* _Xestia atrata_ (Morrison, 1875) (type of _Pteroscia_)
  * _Xestia atrata atrata_ (Morrison, 1874)
  * _Xestia atrata filipjevi_ (Shljuzhko, 1926)
  * _Xestia atrata haraldi_ Fibiger, 1997
  * _Xestia atrata ursae_ (McDunnough, 1940)
  * _Xestia atrata yukona_ (McDunnough, 1921)
* _Xestia kolymae_ (Herz, 1903)
* _Xestia kruegeri_ Kononenko & Schmitz, 2004
* _Xestia laxa_ Lafontaine & Mikkola, 1998
* _Xestia lorezi_ (type of _Lorezia_)
* _Xestia lupa_ Lafontaine & Mikkola, 1998
* _Xestia penthima_ (Erschoff, 1870) (type of _Hyptioxesta_)
* _Xestia tecta_ (Hübner, [1808]) (type of _Pachnobia_)
  * _Xestia tecta tecta_ (Hübner, [1808])
  * _Xestia tecta tectoides_ (Corti, 1926)

### 亞屬 _Schoyenia_

* _Xestia aequaeva_ (Benjamin, 1934)
  * _Xestia aequaeva aequaeva_ (Benjamin, 1934)
  * _Xestia aequaeva glaucina_ Lafontaine & Mikkola, 1996
* _Xestia brachiptera_ (Kononenko, 1981)
* _Xestia bryanti_ (Benjamin, 1933) (= _X. acraea_)
* _Xestia fergusoni_ Lafontaine, 1983
* _Xestia intermedia_Template:Check (Kononenko, 1981)
* _Xestia liquidaria_ (Eversmann, 1848) (= _X. arctica_ Aurivillius, 1883 (_non_ Zetterstedt, 1839: Xestia speciosa|preoccupied), _X. fasciata, X. unifasciata_; type of _Schoyenia_)
* _Xestia lyngei_ (Rebel, 1923) (type of _Lankialaia_)
  * _Xestia lyngei lyngei_ (Rebel, 1923)
  * _Xestia lyngei aborigenea_ Kononenko, 1983
  * _Xestia lyngei lankialai_ (Grönblom, 1962))
* _Xestia magadanensis_ Kononenko & Lafontaine, 1983
* _Xestia quieta_ (type of _Archanarta_)
* _Xestia similis_ Kononenko 1981
* _Xestia thula_ Lafontaine & Kononenko, 1983
* _Xestia woodi_ Lafontaine & Kononenko, 1983

### 亞屬 _Xestia_

_baja_/"_Amathes_" 組

* _Xestia baja_ – dotted clay (type of _Amathes_)
* _Xestia smithii_ – Smith's dart (possibly belongs in _X. baja_)

_castanea_/"_Castanasta_/_Ericathia_" 組

* _Xestia agathina_ – heath rustic (type of _Ericathia_)
* _Xestia castanea_ – grey rustic, The Neglected (type of _Castanasta_)
* _Xestia jordani_ (Turati, 1912)

_collina_/"_Monticollia_" 組

* _Xestia collina_ (type of _Monticollia_)

_ochreago_ 組

* _Xestia ochreago_

_sexstrigata_/"_Lytaea_" 組

* _Xestia sexstrigata_ – six-striped rustic (type of _Lytaea_)

_stigmatica_/"_Megarhomba_" group (= "_rhomboidea_ group", misidentification)

* _Xestia sareptana_
* _Xestia stigmatica_ – square-spotted clay (type of _Megarhomba_)

_trifida_/"_Caloxestia_" 組

* _Xestia trifida_ (type of _Caloxestia_)

_xanthographa_/"_Segetia_" 組

* _Xestia cohaesa_
* _Xestia kermesina_ (Mabille, 1869)Template:Check (type of _Palkermes_)
  * _Xestia kermesina kermesina_ (Mabille, 1869)Template:Check
  * _Xestia kermesina virescens_ Turati, 1912Template:Check
* _Xestia palaestinensis_
* _Xestia xanthographa_ – square-spot rustic (type of _Segetia_)

未定組

* _Xestia badinosis_ (Grote, 1874)
* _Xestia bolteri_
* _Xestia cinerascens_ (Smith, 1891)
* _Xestia conchis_
* _Xestia dyris_ (Zerny, 1934)Template:Check (tentatively placed here)
* _Xestia finatimis_ Lafontaine, 1998
* _Xestia fuscostigma_ (Bremer, 1861)
* _Xestia lithoplana_ Hreblay & Ronkay 1998
* _Xestia mejiasi_ Pinker, 1961
* _Xestia normaniana_ – Norman's dart
* _Xestia oblata_ (Morrison, 1875)Template:Check
* _Xestia substrigata_ (Smith, 1895)
* _Xestia verniloides_ Lafontaine, 1998

"_Agrotiphila_" 組

* _Xestia colorado_ (Smith, 1891) (type of _Agrotiphila_)
* _Xestia maculata_ (Smith, 1893)
* _Xestia staudingeri_ (type of _Agrotimorpha_)

"_Hypoxestia_" 組

* _Xestia dilatata_ (Butler, 1879)Template:Check (type of _Hypoxestia_)

_ornata_ 組

* _Xestia hypographa_
* _Xestia ornata_ (formerly in _Eugraphe_)

"_Palaeamathes_" 組

* _Xestia hoenei_ (Boursin, 1954)Template:Check (type of _Palaeamathes_)

"_Paramathes_" 組

* _Xestia perigrapha_ (Püngeler, 1899) (type of _Paramathes_)

_retracta_/_tenuis_ group

* _Xestia basistriga_ Yoshimoto, 1995
* _Xestia bifurcata_ Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
* _Xestia coronata_ Hacker & Peks, 1999
* _Xestia destituta_ (Leech, 1900)
* _Xestia forsteri_ Boursin, 1964Template:Check
* _Xestia hemitragidia_ (Boursin 1964)Template:Check
* _Xestia nyei_ Plante, 1979 (= _X. longijuxta_)
* _Xestia retracta_
* _Xestia schaeferi_ Hreblay & Ronkay, 1998
* _Xestia semiretracta_ Yoshimoto, 1995
* _Xestia subforsteri_ Hreblay, & Ronkay 1998
* _Xestia tenuis_ (Butler 1889)
* _Xestia trifurcata_ Hacker & Peks, 1999
* "Yellow hindwings" 組
* _Xestia bryocharis_ Boursin, 1948Template:Check
* _Xestia draesekei_ Boursin, 1948
* _Xestia efflorescens_
* _Xestia flavilinea_ Wileman, 1912
* _Xestia pseudoaccipiter_ Boursin, 1948
* _Xestia semiherbida_ (Walker, 1857)Template:Check
* _Xestia sternecki_ Boursin, 1948
* _Xestia triphaenoides_ Boursin, 1948

未定組

* _Xestia agalma_ (Püngeler, 1900)
* _Xestia albifurca_ (Erschoff, [1877])
* _Xestia cervina_ (Moore, 1867)
* _Xestia consanguinea_ (Moore, 1881)
* _Xestia costaestriga_ (Staudinger, 1895)
* _Xestia crassipuncta_ (Wileman & WestTemplate:Check, 1928)
* _Xestia homochroma_ (Hampson 1903)
* _Xestia isochroma_ (Hampson 1903)
* _Xestia isolata_
* _Xestia junctura_ (Moore, 1881)Template:Check
* _Xestia kecskerago_ Gyulai & L.Ronkay, 2006
* _Xestia latinigra_ (Prout, 1928)
* _Xestia mandarina_ (Leech, 1900)Template:Check
* _Xestia olivascens_ (Hampson, 1894)Template:Check
* _Xestia renalis_
* _Xestia rosifunda_ (Dyar, 1916)Template:Check
* _Xestia senescens_ (Staudinger, 1881)Template:Check (formerly in _Eugraphe_)
* _Xestia tamsi_ (Wileman & West, 1929)
* 匹魯夜蛾 _Xestia vidua_ (Staudinger, 1892)
* _Xestia yamanei_ Chang, 1991

## 參考文獻

* Beck, H. (1996): Systematische Liste der Noctuidae Europas. (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) ["Systematic list of European Noctuidae"]. _Neue Entomologische Nachrichten_ **36**: 1-122.
* Pitkin, Brian & Jenkins, Paul (2004): Butterflies and Moths of the World, Generic Names and their Type-species – _Xestia_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Version of 5 November 2004. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
* Savela, Markku (2009): Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms – _Xestia_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）. Version of 31 December 2009. Retrieved 18 January 2011.
* Varga, Z. & Ronkay, L. (2003): （[//web.archive.org/web/20110721112441/http://actazool.nhmus.hu/48/4/ronkay.pdf 頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） A revision of the Palaearctic species of the _Eugraphe_ Hübner, [1821] 1816 generic complex. Part I. The genera _Eugraphe_ and _Goniographa_ (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae)]. (PDF) _Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae_ **48**(4): 333–374.