Thiosphaera

**副球菌屬**（學名：_Paracoccus_）為紅桿菌目紅桿菌科的一屬好氧或兼性厭氧發酵型革蘭氏陰性桿菌。球狀細胞。出現在土壤、天然和人工的鹽水中。此屬的模式種為脫氮副球菌 (_Paracoccus denitrificans_)。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Paracoccus acridae_ Zhang et al. 2016
* _Paracoccus aeridis_ Rai et al. 2020
* _Paracoccus aerius_ Xue et al. 2017
* _Paracoccus aestuarii_ Roh et al. 2009
* _Paracoccus aestuariivivens_ Park et al. 2016
* 嗜鹼副球菌 _Paracoccus alcaliphilus_ Urakami et al. 1989
* _Paracoccus alimentarius_ Kim et al. 2018
* 嗜鹼副球菌 _Paracoccus alkanivorans_ Zhang et al. 2020
* 不飽和烴副球菌 _Paracoccus alkenifer_ Lipski et al. 1998
* 嗜氨副球菌 _Paracoccus aminophilus_ Urakami et al. 1990
* 噬氨副球菌 _Paracoccus aminovorans_ Urakami et al. 1990
* 鷺島副球菌 _Paracoccus amoyensis_ Lyu et al. 2021
* _Paracoccus angustae_ Sun et al. 2015
* 橙黃副球菌 _Paracoccus aurantiacus_ Ye et al. 2020
* 北部灣副球菌 _Paracoccus beibuensis_
* 孟加拉副球菌 _Paracoccus bengalensis_ Ghosh et al. 2006
* _Paracoccus caeni_ Lee et al. 2011
* 產類胡蘿蔔素副球菌 _Paracoccus carotinifaciens_ Tsubokura et al. 1999
* _Paracoccus cavernae_ Dominguez-Moñino et al. 2016
* 中華副球菌 _Paracoccus chinensis_ Li et al. 2009
* _Paracoccus communis_ Poroshina et al. 2014
* _Paracoccus contaminans_ Kämpfer et al. 2016
* 脫氮副球菌 _Paracoccus denitrificans_ (Beijerinck and Minkman 1910) Davis 1969，脫氮微球菌
* _Paracoccus endophyticus_ Zhang et al. 2019
* _Paracoccus fistulariae_ Kim et al. 2010
* _Paracoccus fontiphilus_ Sheu et al. 2018
* _Paracoccus haematequi_ Kämpfer et al. 2019
* 海雲台副球菌 _Paracoccus haeundaensis_ Lee et al. 2004
* 鹽脫氮副球菌 _Paracoccus halodenitrificans_ (Robinson and Gibbons 1952) Davis 1969，異名
* 嗜鹽副球菌 _Paracoccus halophilus_ Liu et al. 2008
* _Paracoccus halotolerans_ Meng et al. 2019
* _Paracoccus hibisci_ Yan et al. 2017
* _Paracoccus hibiscisoli_ Lin et al. 2017
* 人型副球菌 _Paracoccus homiensis_ Kim et al. 2006，霍米海角副球菌，海角副球菌
* _Paracoccus huijuniae_ Sun et al. 2013
* _Paracoccus isoporae Chen et al. 2011_
* 科氏副球菌 _Paracoccus kocurii_ Ohara et al. 1990
* _Paracoccus kondratievae_ Doronina and Trotsenko 2001
* 朝鮮副球菌 _Paracoccus koreensis_ La et al. 2005
* _Paracoccus laeviglucosivorans_ Nakamura 2015
* _Paracoccus liaowanqingii_ Li et al. 2020
* _Paracoccus limosus_ Lee and Lee 2013
* _Paracoccus litorisediminis_ Park et al. 2017
* _Paracoccus luteus_ Ming et al. 2020
* _Paracoccus lutimaris_ Jung et al. 2014
* _Paracoccus mangrovi_ Chen et al. 2017
* 馬氏副球菌 _Paracoccus marcusii_ Harker et al. 1998
* _Paracoccus marinus_ Khan et al. 2008
* _Paracoccus methylutens_ Doronina et al. 1998
* 印研所副球菌 _Paracoccus niistensis_ Dastager et al. 2012
* _Paracoccus nototheniae_ Kämpfer et al. 2019
* _Paracoccus pacificus_ Zhang et al. 2015
* _Paracoccus panacisoli_ Nguyen et al. 2015
* 泛養副球菌 _Paracoccus pantotrophus_ (Robertson and Kuenen 1984) Rainey et al. 1999，泛養硫球菌，雜食硫球菌，全食副球菌
* 根圍副球菌 _Paracoccus rhizosphaerae_ Kämpfer et al. 2012
* _Paracoccus salipaludis_ Dong et al. 2018
* _Paracoccus saliphilus_ Wang et al. 2009
* _Paracoccus sanguinis_ McGinnis et al. 2015
* 海濱沉積物副球菌 _Paracoccus sediminilitoris_ Wei et al. 2019，沙灘沉積物副球菌
* 沉積物副球菌 _Paracoccus sediminis_ Pan et al. 2014
* 嗜絲氨酸副球菌 _Paracoccus seriniphilus_ Pukall et al. 2003
* 簡副球菌 _Paracoccus simplex_ Doronina et al. 2020
* 食溶劑副球菌 _Paracoccus solventivorans_ Siller et al. 1996
* _Paracoccus sordidisoli_ Singh et al. 2017
* _Paracoccus sphaerophysae_ Deng et al. 2011
* 柱形珊瑚副球菌 _Paracoccus stylophorae_ Sheu et al. 2011
* _Paracoccus subflavus_ Zhang et al. 2019
* 氧化硫副球菌 _Paracoccus sulfuroxidans_ Liu et al. 2006
* _Paracoccus suum_ Heo et al. 2019
* _Paracoccus tegillarcae_ Lee et al. 2019
* _Paracoccus thiocyanatus_ Katayama et al. 1996
* 西藏副球菌 _Paracoccus tibetensis_ Zhu et al. 2013
* 善變副球菌 _Paracoccus versutus_ (Harrison 1983) Katayama et al. 1996
* 廈門副球菌 _Paracoccus xiamenensis_ Lyu et al. 2020
* 伊氏副球菌 _Paracoccus yeei_ Daneshvar et al. 2003 （= _Paracoccus yeeii_ Daneshvar et al. 2003，拼寫錯誤）
* 產玉米素副球菌 _Paracoccus zeaxanthinifaciens_ Berry et al. 2003

## 參考文獻

* **LPSN** - List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature