Megachilidae

**切葉蜂科**（學名：_Megachilidae_）是屬於昆蟲綱膜翅目針尾下目蜜蜂總科的科，為一種分佈廣泛的科。

切葉蜂科製作蜂巢的主要材料為土壤及樹枝。底下各種皆以花粉及花蜜為食，部分品種以掠奪其他種蜜蜂所採集的蜂蜜維生。

與其他同屬蜜蜂總科的科目不同，其他科目的毛粉刷主要位於後腿，而切葉蜂科的毛粉刷僅限於腹部腹面。

切葉蜂科是最有效率的傳粉昆蟲之一，因為牠們類似游泳的採蜜動作能有效授粉。

## 下級分類

本科包括以下屬：

* _Acedanthidium_ Michener, 2000
* _Acrocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Afranthidium_ Michener, 1948
* _Afroheriades_ Peters, 1970
* _Afrosmia_ Griswold, 1986
* _Afrostelis_ Cockerell, 1931
* _Aglaoapis_ Cameron, 1901
* _Alcidamea_ Cresson, 1864
* _Allochalicodoma_ Tkalcu, 1969
* _Allocoelioxys_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Allodioxys_ Popov, 1947
* _Allosmia_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Amboheriades_ Griswold, 1986
* _Amegachile_ Friese, 1909
* _Ananthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Ananthidium_ Urban, 1991
* _Anthemois_ Robertson, 1903
* _Anthidiellum_ Cockerell, 1904
* _Anthidioma_ Pasteels, 1984
* _Anthidium_ Belavadi, 2017
* _Anthidium_ Fabricius, 1804
* _Anthocopa_ Lepeletier & Audinet-Serville, 1825
* _Anthodioctes_ Holmberg, 1903
* _Apianthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Archeriades_ Peters, 1978
* _Ardenthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Ashmeadiella_ Cockerell, 1897
* _Aspidosmia_ Brauns, 1926
* _Atoposmia_ Cockerell, 1935
* _Ausanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Austrostelis_ Michener & Griswold, 1994
* _Austrothurgus_ Gonzalez & Engel, 2013
* _Axanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Axillanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Aztecanthidium_ Michener & Ordway, 1964
* _Bathanthidium_ Mavromoustakis, 1953
* _Bekilia_ Benoist, 1962
* _Bellanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Benanthis_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Bombias_ Robertson, 1903
* _Boreocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Branthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Callanthidium_ Cockerell, 1925
* _Callomegachile_ Michener, 1962
* _Calohoplitis_ Tkalcu, 1995
* _Capanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Carduoideae_
* _Carinanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Carinellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Carinthanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Centrosmia_ Robertson, 1903
* _Ceraheriades_ Tkalcu, 1984
* _Ceratias_ Robertson, 1903
* _Chalicodoma_ Lepeletier, 1841
* _Chalicodomopsis_ Engel, 1999
* _Chelostoma_ Latreille, 1809
* _Chelostomoidella_ Snelling, 1990
* _Chlidoplitis_ Griswold, 1997
* _Chrysosarus_ Mitchell, 1944
* _Clistanthidium_ Michener & Griswold, 1994
* _Clypanthidium_ Pasteels, 1968
* _Coelioxita_ Pasteels, 1977
* _Coelioxys_ Latreille, 1809
* _Congotrachusa_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Creightonella_ Cockerell
* _Cryptosmia_ Yasumatsu & Hirashima, 1950
* _Ctenanthidium_ Urban, 1993
* _Ctenoplectrella_ Cockerell, 1909
* _Cyphanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Cyrtocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Deranchanthidium_ Griswold & Michener, 1988
* _Derotropis_ Mitchell, 1936
* _Dianthidium_ Cockerell, 1900
* _Diceratosmia_ Robertson, 1903
* _Dicranthidium_ Moure & Urban, 1976
* _Digronoceras_ Cockerell, 1931
* _Dilobopeltis_ Fairmaire, 1858
* _Dioxoides_ Popov, 1947
* _Dioxys_ Lepeletier & Serville, 1825
* _Dolichosmia_ Griswold, 1997
* _Dolichostelis_ Parker & Bohart, 1979
* _Domanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Doxanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Duckeanthidium_ Moure & Hurd, 1960
* _Echinanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Ensliniana_ Alfken, 1938
* _Eoanthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Eoanthidium_ Popov, 1950
* _Eochelostoma_ Griswold, 1997
* _Epanthidium_ Moure, 1947
* _Eremosmia_ Michener, 1943
* _Euaspis_ Gerstäcker, 1858
* _Euchalicodoma_ Tkalcu, 1969
* _Eudioxys_ Mavromoustakis, 1963
* _Eumegachile_ Friese, 1899
* _Eurypariella_ Tkalcu, 1995
* _Eutrypetes_ Popov, 1955
* _Exanthocopa_ Tkalcu, 1993
* _Exosmia_ Tkalcu, 1979
* _Fidelia_ Friese, 1899
* _Fideliana_ Engel, 2002
* _Fideliopsis_ Engel, 2002
* _Friccomelissa_ Wedmann, Wappler & Engel, 2009
* _Glaesosmia_ Engel, 2001
* _Glyptapis_ Cockerell, 1909
* _Glyptocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Gnathanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Gnathanthidium_ Urban, 1992
* _Gnathodon_ Robertson, 1903
* _Gnathosmia_ Robertson, 1903
* _Gronoceras_ Cockerell, 1907
* _Haetosmia_ Popov, 1952
* _Haplocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Hemicoelioxys_ Pasteels
* _Hemiosmia_ Tkalcu, 1975
* _Heriades_ Spinola, 1808
* _Heriadopsis_ Cockerell, 1931
* _Heteranthidium_ Cockerell, 1904
* _Heterosmia_ Tkalcu, 1993
* _Hofferia_ Tkalcu, 1984
* _Honanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Hoplitis_ (Tkalcua) Tkalcua
* _Hoplitis_ Klug, 1807
* _Hoplostelis_ Dominique, 1898
* _Hypanthidioides_ Moure, 1947
* _Hypanthidium_ Cockerell, 1904
* _Icteranthidium_ Michener, 1948
* _Immanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Indanthidium_ Michener & Griswold, 1994
* _Intercoelioxys_ Ruszkowski, 1986
* _Jaxartinula_ Popov, 1963
* _Ketianthidium_ Urban, 1999
* _Larinostelis_ Michener & Griswold, 1994
* _Larocanthidium_ Urban, 1997
* _Lasanthidium_ Romanjkova, 1988
* _Legnanthidium_ Griswold & Michener, 1988
* _Leucosmia_ Robertson, 1903
* _Liothyrapis_ Pasteels, 1977
* _Lithanthidium_ Cockerell, 1911
* _Lithurgopsis_ Fox, 1902
* _Lithurgus_ Berthold, 1827
* _Loyolanthidium_ Urban, 2001
* _Malanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Manthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Massanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Matangapis_ Baker & Engel, 2006
* 切葉蜂屬 _Megachile_ Latreille, 1802
* _Megahoplitis_ Tkalcu, 1993
* _Megaloheriades_ Peters, 1984
* _Melanoanthidium_ Tkalcu, 1967
* _Melanocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Melanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Melostelis_ Urban, 2011
* _Mesanthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Mesanthidium_ Popov, 1950
* _Mesocoelioxys_ Ruszkowski, 1986
* _Metadioxys_ Popov, 1947
* _Metallinella_ Tkalcu, 1966
* _Metamegachile_ Tkalcu, 1967
* _Metatrachusa_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Michanthidium_ Urban, 1994
* _Micranthidium_ Cockerell
* _Microstelis_ Robertson, 1903
* _Microthurge_ Michener, 1983
* _Monilosmia_ Robertson, 1903
* _Monosmia_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Moureana_ Mitchell, 1980
* _Moureanthidium_ Urban, 1995
* _Moureapis_ Raw, 2002
* _Nananthidium_ Moure, 1947
* _Nanosmia_ Griswold, 1986
* _Nasutosmia_ Griswold & Michener, 1997
* _Neoashmeadiella_ Gupta, 1990
* _Neochalicodoma_ Pasteels, 1970
* _Neochelostoma_ Engel & Griswold, 2019
* _Neocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Neofidelia_ Moure & Michener, 1955
* _Neosmia_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Nigranthidium_ Pasteels
* _Nivanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Notanthidium_ Isensee, 1927
* _Noteriades_ Cockerell, 1931
* _Ochreriades_ Mavromoustakis, 1956
* _Odontanthocopa_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Odonterythrosmia_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Oligotropus_ Robertson, 1903
* _Olmecanthidium_ Peters, 1972
* _Oranthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Orientocoelioxys_ Gupta, 1992
* _Orientoheriades_ Gupta, 1987
* _Osmia_ Panzer, 1806
* _Othinosmia_ Michener, 1943
* _Ozbekosmia_ Van Der Zanden, 1994
* _Pachyanthidium_ Friese, 1905
* _Pachyheriades_ Griswold, 1997
* _Pachyloheriades_ Griswold, 1986
* _Paraanthidium_ Friese, 1898
* _Parachalicodoma_ Pasteels, 1966
* _Parachalicodoma_ Tkalcu, 1969
* _Paracoelioxys_ Radoszkowski, 1893
* _Paradioxys_ Mocsáry, 1894
* _Parafidelia_ Brauns, 1926
* _Paranthidiellum_ Michener, 1948
* _Paranthidium_ Cockerell & Cockerell, 1901
* _Paranthocopa_ Tkalcu, 1974
* _Pararhophites_ Friese, 1898
* _Parevaspis_ Ritsema, 1874
* _Philotrachusa_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Platycoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Plesianthidium_ Cameron, 1905
* _Pontanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Prionohoplitis_ Tkalcu, 1993
* _Proanthidium_ Friese, 1898
* _Probombus_ Piton, 1940
* _Prochelostoma_ Robertson, 1903
* _Prodioxys_ Friese, 1914
* _Proteriades_ Titus, 1904
* _Protolithurgus_ Engel, 2001
* _Protosmia_ Ducke, 1900
* _Pseudoanthidium_ Belavadi, 2017
* _Pseudoanthidium_ Friese, 1898
* _Pseudoheriades_ Peters, 1970
* _Pseudosmia_ Radoszkovskii, 1872
* _Pycnanthidium_ Krombein, 1951
* _Pygnanthidiellum_ Mavromoustakis, 1964
* _Pygnanthidium_ Krombein
* _Pyrosmia_ Tkalcu, 1975
* _Radoszkowskiana_ Popov, 1955
* _Ranthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Reanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Rhinocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Rhodanthidium_ Isensee, 1927
* _Rhopaloheriades_ Griswold & Michener, 1997
* _Rhynostelis_ Moure & Urban, 1995
* _Royanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Rozenapis_ Gonzalez & Engel, 2019
* _Salemanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Saranthidium_ Moure & Hurd, 1960
* _Sarogaster_ Robertson, 1918
* _Saucrochile_ Gonzalez & Engel, 2019
* _Schizococoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Serapista_ Cockerell, 1904
* _Severanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Spinanthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Spinanthidium_ Mavromoustakis
* _Stelis_ Panzer, 1806
* _Stellenigris_ Meunier, 1888
* _Stenanthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1968
* _Stenoheriades_ Tkalcu, 1984
* _Stenosmia_ Michener, 1941
* _Synocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Thaumatosoma_ Smith, 1865
* _Thynnus_ Fabricius, 1775
* _Torridapis_ Pasteels, 1977
* _Trachusa_ Panzer, 1804
* _Trachusoides_ Michener & Griswold, 1994
* _Trianthidiellum_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Trichanthidiodes_ Michener & Griswold, 1994
* _Trichanthidium_ Cockerell
* _Trichothurgus_ Moure, 1949
* _Trichotosmia_ Tkatcu, 1980
* _Tropicocoelioxys_ Gupta, 1992
* _Trypetes_ Schenck, 1859
* _Tuberanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Turkanthidium_ Pasteels, 1969
* _Ulanthidium_ Michener, 1948
* _Wainia_ Tkalcu, 1980
* _Wainiella_ Griswold, 1997
* _Warnckeia_ Pagliano & Scaramozzino, 1989
* _Xanthosarus_ Robertson, 1903
* _Xanthosmia_ Robertson, 1903
* _Xenanthidium_ Pasteels, 1984
* _Xenochalicodoma_ Tkalcu, 1971
* _Xenofidelia_ Packer, 2017
* _Xenostelis_ Baker, 1999
* _Xerocoelioxys_ Latreille
* _Xerocoelioxys_ Mitchell, 1973
* _Xeroheriades_ Griswold, 1986
* _Zosteranthidium_

## 參考文獻