Liotia

**方格螺屬**（學名：_Liotia_），又名**繆梯螺屬**，是一種非常細小的海螺的屬，是方格螺科之下的海洋腹足綱軟體動物的分類單元。本屬亦是方格螺科的模式屬。

## 形態特徵

本屬物種的殼體從小型到微型。有著與蠑螺科物種形似的型態，螺旋部低矮、呈扁球形，所以過往本屬所屬的方格螺科過往曾經屬於蠑螺總科。有臍孔，內層也有珠母層。殼口大，口緣寬厚，周緣平滑。有角質口蓋，口蓋上有多重螺旋圖案。

## 分類

本屬舊屬蠑螺總科之下的方格螺科，2008 年改為屬於鐘螺總科，2017 年的分類繼續這個分類。

### 物種

截至 2018 年 2 月 23 日 (2018-02-23)，本屬在 WoRMS 現時只餘下十個物種：

* _Liotia admirabilis_ E. A. Smith, 1890
* _Liotia affinis_ A. Adams, 1850
* _Liotia arenula_ E. A. Smith, 1890
* _Liotia atomus_ Issel, 1869
* _Liotia cancellata_ (Gray, 1828)
* _Liotia fenestrata_ Carpenter, 1864
* _Liotia microgrammata_ Dall, 1927
* _Liotia romalea_ Melvill & Standen, 1903
* _Liotia squamicostata_ E. A. Smith, 1903
* _Liotia varicosa_ (Reeve, 1843)

**異名：**

* _Liotia acrilla_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Cyclostrema cancellatum_ Marryat, 1818
* _Liotia acryla_ Dall W.H., 1889: synonym of _Cyclostrema cancellatum_ Marryat, 1818
* _Liotia acuticostata_ Carpenter, 1864: synonym of _Lirularia acuticostata_ (Carpenter, 1864)
* _Liotia admirabilis_ auct. non E. A. Smith, 1890: synonym of _Macrarene digitata_ McLean, Absalao & Santos Cruz, 1988
* _Liotia amabilis_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Cyclostrema amabile_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Liotia annulata_ Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1879: synonym of _Liotella annulata_ (Tenison-Woods, J.E. 1879)
* _Liotia aspina_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene briareus_ (Dall, 1881)
* 條棒方格螺 _Liotia asterisus_ Gould, 1859：今作 _Pseudoliotia asteriscus_ (Gould, 1859)
* _Liotia bairdii_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene bairdii_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Liotia bellula_ H. Adams, 1873: synonym of _Bothropoma bellulum_ (H. Adams, 1873)
* _Liotia brasiliana_ Dall, 1927: synonym of _Arene brasiliana_ (Dall, 1927)
* _Liotia briareus_ Dall, 1881: synonym of _Arene briareus_ (Dall, 1881)
* _Liotia californica_ Dall, 1908: synonym of _Arene californica_ (Dall, 1908)
* 稜繆梯螺 _Liotia carinata_ Carpenter, 1857: synonym of _Arene lurida_ (Dall, 1913)，見於西沙群島的琛航島。
* _Liotia centrifuga_ Dall, 1896: synonym of _Arene centrifuga_ (Dall, 1896)
* _Liotia cookeana_ Dall, 1918: synonym of _Liotia fenestrata_ Carpenter, 1864
* _Liotia dautzenbergi_ Bavay, 1917: synonym of _Astrosansonia dautzenbergi_ (Bavay, 1917)
* _Liotia discoidea_ Reeve, 1843: synonym of _Pseudoliotina discoidea_ (Reeve, 1843)
* _Liotia disjuncta_ Hedley, C. 1903: synonym of _Liocarinia disjuncta_ (Hedley, C. 1903)
* _Liotia echinacantha_ Melvill & Standen, 1903：今作 _Arene echinacantha_ (Melvill & Standen, 1903)
* _Liotia erici_ Strong & Hertlein, 1939: synonym of _Haplocochlias erici_ (Strong & Hertlein, 1939)
* _Liotia fulgens_ Gould, 1859: synonym of _Turbo cidaris cidaris_ Gmelin, 1791
* _Liotia gemma_ auct. non Tuomey & Holmes, 1856: synonym of _Arene tricarinata_ (Stearns, 1872)
* _Liotia hedleyi_ Prichard & Gatliff, 1899: synonym of _Munditia hedleyi_ (Prichard & Gatliff, 1899)
* _Liotia heimi_ Strong & Hertlein, 1939: synonym of _Parviturbo stearnsii_ (Dall, 1918)
* _Liotia huesonica_ Dall, 1927: synonym of _Cyclostrema huesonicum_ (Dall, 1927)
* _Liotia incerta_ Tenison-Woods, 1877: synonym of _Munditia tasmanica_ (Tenison-Woods, 1875)
* _Liotia krausii_ Gray J.E. in Gray M.E., 1850: synonym of _Pseudotorinia kraussi_ J.E. Gray in M.E. Gray, 1850
* _Liotia lamellosa_ Schepman, 1908: synonym of _Bathyliotina lamellosa_ (Schepman, 1908)
* _Liotia lucasensis_ Strong, 1934: synonym of _Haplocochlias lucasensis_ (Strong, 1934)
* _Liotia lurida_ Dall, 1913: synonym of _Arene lurida_ (Dall, 1913)
* _Liotia mayana_ Tate, R. 1899: synonym of Munditia mayana (Tate, 1899)
* _Liotia microforis_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene microforis_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Liotia minima_ Tenison-Woods, 1878: synonym of _Lodderena minima_ (Tenison-Woods, 1878)
* _Liotia miniata_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene miniata_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Liotia nitida_ Verrill & Smith, 1885: synonym of _Eccliseogyra nitida_ (Verrill & Smith, 1885)
* _Liotia olivacea_ Dall, 1918: synonym of _Arene olivacea_ (Dall, 1918)
* _Liotia pacis_ Dall, 1908: synonym of _Arene pacis_ (Dall, 1908)
* _Liotia perforata_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene briareus_ (Dall, 1881)
* 南島方格螺 _Liotia peronii_ Kiener, 1873：今作 _Liotina peronii_ (Kiener, 1873)
* _Liotia pergemma_ Gardner, 1948: synonym of _Arene tricarinata_ (Stearns, 1872)
* _Liotia planorbis_ Dall, 1927: synonym of _Palazzia planorbis_ (Dall, 1927)
* _Liotia polypleura_ Hedley, 1904: synonym of _Liotella polypleura_ (Hedley, 1904)
* _Liotia radiata_ Kiener, 1838: synonym of _Arene cruentata_ (Mühlfeld, 1824)
* _Liotia riisei_ Rehder, 1943: synonym of _Arene riisei_ Rehder, 1943
* _Liotia rostrata_ Hedley, 1900: synonym of _Canimarina rostrata_ (Hedley, 1900)
* _Liotia siderea_ Angas, 1865: synonym of _Munditia tasmanica_ (Tenison-Woods, 1875)
* _Liotia socorroensis_ Strong, 1934: synonym of _Arene socorroensis_ (Strong, 1934)
* _Liotia subquadrata_ Tenison-Woods, 1878: synonym of _Munditia subquadrata_ (Tenison-Woods, 1878)
* _Liotia tasmanica_ Tenison-Woods, 1875: synonym of _Munditia tasmanica_ (Tenison-Woods, 1875)
* _Liotia tortugana_ Dall, 1927: synonym of _Cyclostrema tortuganum_ (Dall, 1927)
* _Liotia tricarinata_ Stearns, 1872: synonym of _Arene tricarinata_ (Stearns, 1872)
* _Liotia trullata_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene bairdii_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Liotia variabilis_ Dall, 1889: synonym of _Arene variabilis_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Liotia venusta_ Woodring, 1928: synonym of _Arene venusta_ (Woodring, 1928)

## 參考文獻

* Iredale, T.; McMichael, F. A reference list of the marine Mollusca of New South Wales. Mem. Aust. Mus. 1962, **11** （英語）.

## 外部連結