Cypripedium

**杓蘭屬**（學名：_Cypripedium_）是蘭科的一屬，是一類地生草本植物。莖直立，葉片通常橢圓形至卵形，有時有黑紫色斑點。花序頂生，通常具單花或少數具 2-3 花；花苞片通常葉狀；花朵較大；唇瓣為深囊狀，球形、橢圓形或其他形狀，一般有寬闊的囊口；有 2 枚側生的能育雄蕊、1 枚位於上方的退化雄蕊和 1 個位於下方的柱頭；花葯 2 室，花絲很短；退化雄蕊通常為扁平狀；柱頭肥厚，表面有乳突。果實為蒴果。全屬約 50 種，主要產於東亞、北美、歐洲等溫帶地區和亞熱帶山地。大部分可作觀賞植物。

 

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

* _Cypripedium acaule_ – Mocassin flower, Pink lady's slipper, Two-leaved lady's slipper (C. and E. Canada, NC & E USA)
* _Cypripedium arietinum_ – Ram's-head lady's slipper (C & E Canada, NC & NE USA)
* 無苞杓蘭 _Cypripedium bardolphianum_ – (中國)
* 杓蘭 _Cypripedium calceolus_ – Yellow lady's slipper (歐洲至日本)
* _Cypripedium calcicolum_ – (中國)
* _Cypripedium californicum_ – California lady's slipper (Oregon, N. California)
* _Cypripedium candidum_ – Small white lady slipper (SE Canada, NC & E USA)
* 白唇杓蘭 _Cypripedium cordigerum_ – Heart-Lip lady's slipper (N Pakistan to Himalaya, S Tibet)
* _Cypripedium daweishanense_ (S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu) S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu (2005) – (Yunnan, China South-Central)
* 對葉杓蘭 _Cypripedium debile_ – Frail lady's slipper (Japan, Taiwan, China)
* _Cypripedium dickinsonianum_ – (Mexico (S Chiapas) to Guatemala)
* 雅致杓蘭 _Cypripedium elegans_ – (尼泊爾東部至中國)
* 毛瓣杓蘭 _Cypripedium fargesii_ – (中國)
* 華西杓蘭 _Cypripedium farreri_ – (中國)
* _Cypripedium fasciculatum_ – Brownie lady's slipper, Clustered lady's slipper (美國西部)
* 大葉杓蘭 _Cypripedium fasciolatum_ (中國)
* 黃花杓蘭 _Cypripedium flavum_ – Yellow lady's slipper (SE Tibet, SC China)
* 台灣杓蘭 _Cypripedium formosanum_ – Formosa lady's slipper (C 台灣)
* 玉龍杓蘭 _Cypripedium forrestii_ – (中國)
* 毛杓蘭 _Cypripedium franchetii_ – Franchet's lady's slipper (C & SC China)
* _Cypripedium froschii_ – (中國)
* 紫點杓蘭 _Cypripedium guttatum_ – Spotted lady's slipper (European Russia to Korea, Alaska to Yukon)
* 綠花杓蘭 _Cypripedium henryi_ – Henry's lady's slipper (C China)
* _Cypripedium x herae_ – (C.parviflorum x C.reginae) (Manitoba, Canada)
* 高山杓蘭 _Cypripedium himalaicum_ – (SE Tibet to Himalaya)
* _Cypripedium irapeanum_ – Pelican Orchid, Irapeao lady's slipper (Mexico to Honduras)
* 扇脈杓蘭 _Cypripedium japonicum_ – Japan lady's slipper (China, Korea, Japan)
* 肯塔基杓蘭 _Cypripedium kentuckiense_ – Kentucky lady's slipper, Southern lady's slipper (C & E USA)
* _Cypripedium lentiginosum_ – (中國)
* 麗江杓蘭 _Cypripedium lichiangense_ S.C.Chen & P.J.Cribb – (China (SW Sichuan, NW Yunnan), NE Myanmar)
* 波密杓蘭 _Cypripedium ludlowii_ – (西藏東南部)
* 大花杓蘭 _Cypripedium macranthos_ – Large-flowered lady's slipper (E Belarus to temperate E Asia)
* _Cypripedium malipoense_ S.C.Chen & Z.J.Liu – (雲南，華南)
* 斑葉杓蘭 _Cypripedium margaritaceum_ – Pearl-white lady's slipper (China)
* 小花杓蘭 _Cypripedium micranthum_ – (中國)
* _Cypripedium molle_ – (Mexico)
* _Cypripedium montanum_ – Large lady's slipper, Mountain lady's slipper, White lady's slipper, Moccasin flower (Alaska to California)
* 巴郎山杓蘭 _Cypripedium palangshanense_ – (中國)
* _Cypripedium parviflorum_ Salisb. – (Greater) yellow lady's slipper, moccasin flower, or hairy yellow ladyslipper (Canada, E USA)
* _Cypripedium passerinum_ – Franklyn's lady's slipper, small white Northern lady's slipper, sparrow's egg lady's slipper (Alaska to Canada, Montana)
* 離萼杓蘭 _Cypripedium plectrochilum_ – (N Myanmar to SC China)
* 皇后杓蘭 _Cypripedium reginae_ Walter – Large white lady's slipper, Queen's lady's slipper, showy lady's slipper (C & E Canada, E. USA)
* 寶島杓蘭 _Cypripedium segawai_ – (EC Taiwan)
* 山西杓蘭 _Cypripedium shanxiense_ – (中國到日本北部)
* 四川杓蘭 _Cypripedium sichuanense_ – (中國)
* 暖地杓蘭 _Cypripedium subtropicum_ – (西藏東南部)
* _Cypripedium taibaiense_ – (中國)
* 西藏杓蘭 _Cypripedium tibeticum_ – (Sikkim to C China)
* 寬口杓蘭 _Cypripedium wardii_ – (中國西藏東南部)
* 烏蒙杓蘭 _Cypripedium wumengense_ – (中國)
* _Cypripedium yatabeanum_ – (Russian Far East to N & NC Japan, Aleutian Islands to SW Alaska)
* 雲南杓蘭 _Cypripedium yunnanense_ – (中國西藏東南部)

**雜交種：**

* _Cypripedium × alaskanum_ – (C. guttatum × C. yatabeanum; Alaska)
* _Cypripedium × andrewsii_ – (C. candidum × C. parviflorum var. pubescens) (E Canada, NC & NE USA)
* _Cypripedium × catherinae_ – (C. macranthon × C. shanxiense; Russian Far East)
* _Cypripedium × columbianum_ – (C. montanum × C. parviflorum var. pubescens; W Canada, NW USA)
* _Cypripedium × ventricosum_ – (俄羅斯到朝鮮)
* _Cypripedium × wenqingiae_ – (C. farreri × C. tibeticum; China)

**栽培種：**

* ' 白多花 ' 杓蘭 _Cypripedium 'Multiflower white'_
* ' 黃多花 ' 杓蘭 _Cypripedium 'Multiflower Yellow'_
* ' 帕爾維 ' 杓蘭 _Cypripedium 'Parville'_
* ' 普韋布洛 ' 杓蘭 _Cypripedium 'Pueblo'_
* ' 白花 ' 皇后杓蘭 _Cypripedium reginae 'Album'_
* ' 沃爾特 ' 黃花杓蘭 _Cypripedium reginae 'Walter'_
* ' 薩賓 ' 杓蘭 _Cypripedium 'Sabine'_

## 參考資料

## 外部連結

* _Cypripedium_ - Infos by Mr. Frosch （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* Photos of Chinese Slipper Orchids （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）
* _Cypripedium japonicum_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） _Cypripedium macranthum_ var. _hotei-atsumorianum_ （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） Images of Japanese _Cypripedium_
* Cypripedium picture database