Diodora

**天蓋螺屬**（學名：_Diodora_）是裂螺科天蓋螺亞科之下的一個由小型到中型海螺組成的屬。

## 生活習性

和所有其他裂螺一樣，天蓋螺都是食草的，它們用齒舌從岩石上刮下藻類進食。一個例外是 _Diodora apertura_，它在海綿上吃草，如膜海綿（_Hymeniacidon_）。
呼吸和排泄的水從外殼邊緣下吸入，並通過頂端或附近的「小孔」排出。

## 物種

本屬物種繁多，截至 2018 年 11 月 9 日 (2018-11-09)，WoRMS 記錄本屬物種近 100 個，茲詳列如下：

* _Diodora aguayoi_ Pérez Farfante, 1943
* _Diodora alta_ (C. B. Adams, 1852)
* _Diodora anastomosis_ Feng, 1996
* _Diodora arcuata_ (G. B. Sowerby II, 1862)
* _Diodora arnoldi_ McLean, 1966
* _Diodora aspera_ (Rathke, 1833)
* _Diodora australis_ (Krauss, 1848)
* _Diodora benguelensis_ (Dunker, 1846)
* _Diodora bermudensis_ (Dall & Bartsch, 1911)
* _Diodora bollonsi_ (W. R. B. Oliver, 1915)
* _Diodora calyculata_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1823)
* _Diodora canariensis_ Verstraeten & Nolf, 2007
* _Diodora candida_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* _Diodora cayenensis_ (Lamarck, 1822)
* _Diodora clathrata_ (Reeve, 1849)
* _Diodora corbicula_ (Sowerby, 1862)
* _Diodora cruciata_ (Gould, 1846)
* _Diodora crucifera_ (Pilsbry, 1891)
* _Diodora decisa_ (Deshayes, 1861) †
* _Diodora delicata_ (E. A. Smith, 1899)
* _Diodora demartiniorum_ Buzzurro & Russo, 2005
* _Diodora digueti_ (Mabille, 1895)
* _Diodora dorsata_ (Monterosato, 1878)
* _Diodora dysoni_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora elevata_ (Dunker, 1846)
* _Diodora elizabethae_ (E. A. Smith, 1901)
* _Diodora fargoi_ Olsson & McGinty, 1958
* _Diodora fluviana_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Diodora fontainiana_ (d'Orbigny, 1841)
* _Diodora fragilis_ Pérez Farfante & Henríquez, 1947
* _Diodora funiculata_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora fuscocrenulata_ (E. A. Smith, 1906)
* _Diodora galeata_ (Helbling, 1779)
* _Diodora giannispadai_ Aissaoui, Puillandre & Bouchet, 2017
* _Diodora gibberula_ (Lamarck, 1822)
* _Diodora graeca_ (Linnaeus, 1758)
* _Diodora granifera_ (Pease, 1861)
* _Diodora harrassowitzi_ (Ihering, 1927)
* _Diodora inaequalis_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* _Diodora italica_ (Defrance, 1820)
* _Diodora jaumei_ Aguayo & Rehder, 1936
* _Diodora jukesii_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora kraussi_ Herbert & Warén, 1999
* _Diodora lentiginosa_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora levicostata_ (E. A. Smith, 1914)
* _Diodora lima_ (G. B. Sowerby II, 1862)
* _Diodora lincolnensis_ Cotton, 1930
* _Diodora lineata_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* _Diodora listeri_ (d'Orbigny, 1847)
* _Diodora menkeana_ (Dunker, 1846)
* _Diodora meta_ (Ihering, 1927)
* _Diodora minuta_ (Lamarck, 1822)
* _Diodora mirifica_ Métivier, 1972
* _Diodora multifida_ (Deshayes, 1830) †
* 黑斑透孔螺 _Diodora mus_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora namibiensis_ Poppe, Tagaro & Sarino, 2011
* _Diodora nodosa_ (Eichwald, 1830) †
* _Diodora occidua_ (Cotton, 1930)
* 蛛網透孔螺 _Diodora octagona_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora panamensis_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* _Diodora parviforata_ (G. B. Sowerby III, 1889)
* _Diodora patagonica_ (d'Orbigny, 1839)
* _Diodora philippiana_ (Dunker, 1846)
* _Diodora pica_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* _Diodora pileopsoides_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora procurva_ Herbert, 1989
* _Diodora producta_ (Monterosato, 1880)
* _Diodora punctifissa_ McLean, 1970
* _Diodora pusilla_ Berry, 1959
* 布紋透孔螺 _Diodora quadriradiata_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora ruppellii_ (G. B. Sowerby I, 1835)
* _Diodora sancticlementensis_ Landau, Van Dingenen & Ceulemans, 2017 †
* _Diodora sarasuae_ Espinosa, 1984
* _Diodora saturnalis_ (Carpenter, 1864)
* _Diodora sayi_ (Dall, 1889)
* _Diodora sculptilis_ Rolán & Gori, 2011
* 半月透孔螺 _Diodora semilunata_ Habe, 1953
* _Diodora serae_ Espinosa & Ortea, 2011
* 西寶透孔螺 _Diodora sieboldii_ (Reeve, 1850)
* 新加坡透孔螺 _Diodora singaporensis_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora spreta_ (E. A. Smith, 1901)
* _Diodora stalennuyi_ Dell'Angelo, Sosso, O. Anistratenko & V. Anistratenko, 2017 †
* _Diodora subcalyculata_ (Schepman, 1908)
* 草花透孔螺 _Diodora suprapunicea_ Otuka, 1937
* _Diodora tanneri_ (A. E. Verrill, 1882)
* _Diodora tenuiclathrata_ (Seguenza, 1863)
* 鑰孔透孔螺 _Diodora ticaonica_ (Reeve, 1850)
* _Diodora variegata_ (G. B. Sowerby II, 1862)
* _Diodora vetula_ (Woodring, 1928)
* _Diodora viridula_ (Lamarck, 1822)
* _Diodora wetmorei_ Pérez Farfante, 1945
* _Diodora yokoyamai_ Otuka, 1937

## 參考文獻

* Gray, J.E. 1821. _A natural arrangement of Mollusca according to their internal structure_. London Medical Repository 15: 229-239
* Swainson, W. 1840. _A Treatise on Malacology or the Natural Classification of Shells and Shell-fish._ London : Longman, Brown, Green & Longmans 419 pp.
* Gray, J.E. 1847. _A list of the Genera of Recent Mollusca, their Synonyms and Types._ Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 15: 129-242
* Gray, J.E. 1857. _Guide to the Systematic Distribution of the Mollusca in the British Museum_. London : British Museum Trustees 230 pp.
* Carpenter, P.P. 1857. _Catalogue of the collection of Mazatlan shells in the British Museum collected by Frederik Reigen_. London : British Museum pp. i-xii, 1-552. [220]
* Iredale, T. 1924. Results from Roy Bell's molluscan collections. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 49(3): 179-279, pls 33-36
* Finlay, H.J. 1926. _A further commentary on New Zealand molluscan systematics._ Transactions of the New Zealand Institute 57: 320-485 pls 18-23
* Cotton, B.C. & Godfrey, F.K. 1934. _South Australian Shells. Part 10_. South Australian Naturalist 15(2): 41-56
* Moore, R.C. (ed.) 1960. _Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part I. Mollusca_ 1. Boulder, Colorado & Lawrence, Kansas : Geological Society of America & University of Kansas Press xxiii + 351 pp.
* Vaught, K.C. (1989). _A classification of the living Mollusca_. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
* Wilson, B. 1993. _Australian Marine Shells. Prosobranch Gastropods_. Kallaroo, Western Australia : Odyssey Publishing Vol. 1 408 pp.
* Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). _European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification._ Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
* Aktipis, S.W., Boehm, E. & Giribet, G. 2011. _Another step towards understanding the slit-limpets (Fissurellidae, Fissurelloidea, Vetigastropoda, Gastropoda): a combined five-gene molecular phylogeny._ Zoologica Scripta 40(3): 238-259

## 外部連結

* Australian Faunal Directory（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）