Clavicipitaceae

**麥角菌科**（英語：Clavicipitaceae）是真菌中肉座菌目的一個科。 2008 年的估計有 43 個屬，321 個物種。

## 重要性

麥角菌科的許多成員產生對動物和人類有毒的生物鹼。它的一個最臭名昭著的物種是麥角菌，其中有作為麥角中毒的原因。麥角中毒是由麥角生物鹼引起的，例如麥角胺和 ergocristine，這是麥角酸的化學衍生物。

## 下屬分類

本科包括以下屬：

* _Aciculosporium_ I.Miyake, 1908
* _Albomyces_
* _Allocordyceps_ G.Poinar & Y.-M.Maltier, 2021
* _Aschersonia_ Endl., 1842
* _Aschersonia_ Mont.
* _Atkinsonella_ Diehl, 1950
* 瘤座菌屬 _Balansia_ Speg., 1885
* _Balansiella_
* _Balansiopsis_ F.von Höhnel, 1910
* _Barya_ Fuckel, 1864
* _Berkelella_ (Sacc.) Sacc., 1891
* _Byssostilbe_ Petch
* _Cavimalum_ Y.Doi, J.S.Dargan & K.S.Thind, 1977
* _Cepsiclava_ J.Walker, 2004
* 麥角菌屬 _Claviceps_ Tul., 1853
* _Collarina_ Giraldo, Gene & Guarro, 2014
* _Conoideocrella_ D.Johnson, G.H.Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora, 2009
* _Corallocytostroma_ Y.N.Yu & Z.Y.Zhang, 1980
* _Culicinomyces_ Couch, Romney & B.Rao, 1974
* _Diheterospora_ Kamyschko ex G.L.Barron & Onions
* _Diploospora_ Grove
* _Dothichloe_
* _Drechmeria_ W.Gams & H.-B.Jansson
* _Dubiomyces_
* _Dussiella_ Pat., 1890
* _Echinodothis_
* _Ephelis_ Fr.
* _Ephelis_ Petr.
* _Epichloe_ (Fr.) Tul. & C.Tul.
* _Epicrea_ Petrak, 1950
* _Fleischeria_
* _Harposporium_ Lohde
* _Helicocollum_
* _Helminthascus_ Tranzschel, 1898
* _Heteroepichloe_ E.Tanaka, C.Tanaka, Gafur & Tsuda, 2002
* 小肉座菌屬 _Hypocrella_ Sacc., 1878
* _Hypocreophis_
* _Keithomyces_ Samson, Luangsa-ard & Houbraken, 2020
* _Konradia_ Raciborski, 1900
* _Linearistroma_ Höhn., 1910
* _Loculistroma_ F.Patterson & Charles, 1910
* _Marquandomyces_ Samson, Houbraken & Luangsa-ard, 2020
* _Metacordyceps_ G.H.Sung, J.M.Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora
* _Metapochonia_ Kepler, S.A.Rehner & Humber
* _Metarhiziopsis_ D.W.Li, R.S.Cowles & C.R.Vossbrinck, 2008
* 黑殭菌屬 _Metarhizium_ Sorokīn
* _Moelleriella_ Bres., 1897
* _Mycomalus_ Möller
* _Mycophilomyces_ Crous & M.J.Wingf., 2016
* _Myriogenospora_ G.F.Atk., 1894
* _Neoaraneomyces_ W.H.Chen, Y.F.Han, J.D.Liang & Z.Q.Liang, 2022
* _Neobarya_ Lowen
* _Neoclaviceps_ J.F.White, Bills, S.C.Alderman & Spatafora, 2001
* _Neocordyceps_ Y.Kobayasi, 1984
* _Neotyphodium_ Glenn, C.W.Bacon & Hanlin, 1996
* _Nigelia_
* _Nigrocornus_ Ryley & Langdon, 2003
* _Nomuraea_ Maubl.
* _Ophiodothis_
* _Orbiocrella_ D.Johnson, G.H.Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora, 2009
* _Papiliomyces_ Luangsa-ard, Samson & Thanakitp., 2020
* _Periglandula_ U.Steiner, E.Leistner & Leuchtm., 2011
* _Pochonia_ Bat. & O.M.Fonseca
* _Polynema_ Lév.
* _Pseudomeria_ G.L.Barron, 1980
* _Pseudometarhizium_ W.H.Chen, Y.F.Han, J.D.Liang & Z.Q.Liang, 2022
* _Regiocrella_ P.Chaverri & K.T.Hodge, 2006
* _Samuelsia_ Chaverri & K.T.Hodge, 2008
* _Shimizuomyces_ Y.Kobayasi, 1981
* _Sphacelia_ Lév.
* _Sphaceliopsis_
* _Sphaerocordyceps_ Y.Kobayasi, 1981
* _Stereocrea_ H.Sydow & P.Sydow, 1917
* _Sungia_ Luangsa-ard, Samson & Thanakitp., 2020
* _Typhodium_
* _Tyrannicordyceps_ Kepler & Spatafora
* _Ustilaginoidea_ Bref., 1895
* _Ustilagopsis_
* _Villosiclava_ E.Tanaka & C.Tanaka, 2009
* _Wakefieldiomyces_ Y.Kobayasi, 1981
* _Xylariopsis_

## 參考資料

* C.J. Alexopolous, Charles W. Mims, M. Blackwell et al., _Introductory Mycology, 4th ed._ (John Wiley and Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2004) ISBN 978-0-471-52229-4
* 維基共享資源上的相關多媒體資源：麥角菌科