zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
迴旋管
Gyrotron

context: zh_tw: 迴旋管是一種能產生高功率微波的真空管，藉由加速電子在強大的磁場中做迴旋運動，同步、群聚進而產生的毫米電磁波。輸出的頻率範圍約 20 至 250 GHz，波長涵蓋的範圍從微波至太赫茲波段的邊緣。典型的迴旋管輸出功率範圍從幾十千瓦至兆瓦都有。迴旋管可被設計成脈衝或是連續操作的功率輸出。
en: A gyrotron is a class of high-power linear-beam vacuum tubes which generates millimeter-wave electromagnetic waves by the cyclotron resonance of electrons in a strong magnetic field. Output frequencies range from about 20 to 527 GHz, covering wavelengths from microwave to the edge of the terahertz gap. Typical output powers range from tens of kilowatts to 1–2 megawatts. Gyrotrons can be designed for pulsed or continuous operation.
qas: question: zh_tw: 迴旋管能產生什麼樣的低頻電磁波？
en: What's the lowest frequency electromagnetic waves that gyrotrons can generate?
answers: zh_tw: text: 輸出的頻率範圍約 20 至 250 GHz
en: text: 20
Firefox OS
Firefox OS

context: zh_tw: 2011 年 7 月 25 日，Mozilla 研發總監安德里亞斯・加爾（Andreas Gal）於討論群組上宣佈「Boot to Gecko」專案（簡稱 B2G）。這項資訊引發了許多科技媒體關注。其中根據 Ars Technica 引述：“Mozilla 表示，B2G 基於標準的開放網路有潛力成為一個具有競爭力的替代品，取代由主流行動作業系統提供的現有單一供應商應用程式開發環境。”。
en: On July 25, 2011, Andreas Gal, Director of Research at Mozilla Corporation, announced the "Boot to Gecko" Project (B2G) on the mozilla.dev.platform mailing list. The project proposal was to "pursue the goal of building a complete, standalone operating system for the open web" in order to "find the gaps that keep web developers from being able to build apps that are –  in every way –  the equals of native apps built for the iPhone, Android, and Windows Phone 7." The announcement identified these work areas: new web APIs to expose device and OS capabilities such as telephone and camera, a privilege model to safely expose these to web pages, applications to prove these capabilities, and low-level code to boot on an Android-compatible device.
qas: question: zh_tw: Boot to Gecko 的簡稱是什麼？
en: What is the abbreviation of Boot to Gecko?
answers: zh_tw: text: B2G
en: text: B2G
詹姆仕・布朗特
James Blunt

context: zh_tw: 布朗特在 2002 年離開英國軍隊，為了能展開他的音樂生涯，將姓氏 Blount 改成 Blunt 當作藝名，方便拼寫。離開軍隊不久後，他與 EMI 唱片公司簽唱片約，和 Twenty-First Artists 公司籤經紀約。之後，琳達・佩瑞（Linda Perry）在 2003 年創立 Custard 唱片公司，她拜訪倫敦，聽到布朗特的宣傳帶，且聽了他現場表演，幾天後便和他簽約，一個月後，布朗特就前往洛杉磯進行錄音工作和唱片製作人湯姆・羅斯洛克。。
en: Blunt had piano and violin lessons as a child, but was introduced to the electric guitar aged 14 at Harrow by a fellow student. His dissertation at Bristol University was entitled The Commodification of Image – Production of a Pop Idol. One of his sources was Simon Frith, a sociologist and rock critic, and chair of the Mercury Music Prize panel of judges since 1992, who later undertook a lecture tour entitled "The unpopular and unpleasant thoughts inspired by the work of James Blunt". While still in the army Blunt would write songs during his time off. A backing vocalist and songwriting collaborator suggested he contact Elton John's manager, Todd Interland, with whom she used to share a house. Interland told HitQuarters that he listened to Blunt's demo while driving home and, after hearing the track 'Goodbye My Lover', pulled over and called the mobile number written on the CD to set up a meeting.Blunt left the British Army in 2002 so that he could pursue his musical career. He started using the stage name "Blunt" in part to make it easier for others to spell; "Blount" is pronounced the same way, and remains his legal last name. Shortly after leaving the army he was signed to EMI music publishers and to Twenty-First Artists management. A record contract remained elusive, with recording label executives pointing to his posh speaking voice as a barrier in class-divided Britain. Linda Perry, who was just launching her own Custard Records label in early 2003, heard Blunt's promotional tape when visiting London, and soon after heard him perform live at the South by Southwest Music Festival. She made an offer to him the same night, and within a few days he signed a recording contract with her. A month later, he travelled to Los Angeles to meet producer Tom Rothrock.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在布朗特與唱片公司簽約之前，他曾在哪兒工作？
en: Where did Blunt work before he got signed to a record deal?
answers: zh_tw: text: 離開軍隊不久後，他與 EMI 唱片公司簽唱片約，和 Twenty-First
en: text: army
血鑽
Blood diamond

context: zh_tw: 有證據顯示，位於安哥拉的 “爭取安哥拉徹底獨立全國同盟（UNITA）” 和位於獅子山的 “革命聯合陣線（RUF）” 的財政資金來自賴比瑞亞政府的鑽石貿易。
en: From 1989 to 2003, Liberia was engaged in a civil war. In 2000, the UN accused Liberian president Charles G. Taylor of supporting the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) insurgency in neighboring Sierra Leone with weapons and training in exchange for diamonds. In 2001, the United Nations applied sanctions on the Liberian diamond trade. In August 2003, Taylor stepped down as president and, after being exiled to Nigeria, faced trial in The Hague. On July 21, 2006, he pleaded not guilty to crimes against humanity and war crimes, of which he was found guilty in April 2012.  On May 30, 2012, he began a 50-year sentence in a high security prison in the United Kingdom.Around the time of the 1998 United States embassy bombings, al-Qaeda allegedly bought gems from Liberia as some of its other financial assets were frozen.Having regained peace, Liberia is attempting to construct a legitimate diamond mining industry. The UN has lifted sanctions and Liberia is now a member of the Kimberley Process.In December 2014 however, Liberian diamonds were reported to be partly produced using child labor according to the U.S. Department of Labor's List of Goods Produced by Child Labor or Forced Labor.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪國政府會用鑽石交換武器？
en: Which government would be trading diamonds for weapons?
answers: zh_tw: text: 獅子山
en: text: Sierra Leone
勇敢的心
Braveheart

context: zh_tw: 《勇敢的心》在上映後獲得極大的成功，不僅贏得票房上的勝利，亦得到了眾多專業影評機構的廣泛讚譽，更加囊括了 1996 年度奧斯卡金像獎的 “最佳影片”、“最佳導演”、“最佳攝影”、“最佳化妝”、“最佳音效剪輯” 5 項大獎。但影片中對於歷史的描繪多處嚴重失實，飽受批評。
en: Released on May 26, 1995, Braveheart received generally positive reviews from critics, who praised the performances, directing, production values, battle sequences, and musical score; but criticized its inaccuracies regarding Wallace's title, love interests, and attire. The film grossed $75.6 million in the US and grossed $210.4 million worldwide. At the 68th Academy Awards, the film was nominated for ten Academy Awards and won five: Best Picture, Best Director, Best Cinematography, Best Makeup, and Best Sound Editing.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這部電影十項提名中，贏得了多少獎項？
en: How many awards out of ten did the film win?
answers: zh_tw: text: 5
en: text: five
20 世紀
20th century

context: zh_tw: 1901 年 1 月 1 日至 2000 年 12 月 31 日的這一段期間被稱為 20 世紀。該世紀最初屬於「不列顛治世」後期，是工業革命大爆發的年代，識字率大量提升，科學研究一日千里，人類學會了製造航天器與各種電器、開發出了各種新材料等，徹底顛覆了人類的生活。該世紀有全球戰爭與軍事對峙（兩次世界大戰、冷戰）；此外，共產主義與資本主義的對立影響人們深遠，並卻促使後者在經濟與社會上多重的修正與省思，最終取得了勝利；該世紀的殖民主義也曾發展到極致，卻在 1960 年代後因為美蘇的介入迅速瓦解，然而殖民地獨立後的矛盾卻讓戰爭遍佈。環境因為人類過度開發造成全球暖化與生態滅絕、臭氧層破壞等，也促進了環保主義的發展，帶動了新世紀文化。資本驅動傳媒技術的普及，引領了現代大眾文化的形成，形成了與傳統價值觀截然不同的景象，宗教也逐漸式微。
en: January 1, 1901 and ended on December 31, 2000. It was the tenth and final century of the 2nd millennium. It is distinct from the century known as the 1900s which began on January 1, 1900 and ended on December 31, 1999.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第二個千年結束於什麼時候？
en: When did the 2nd millennium end?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2000 年 12 月 31 日
en: text: December 31, 2000
與貿易有關的智慧財產權協定

context: zh_tw: 20 世紀 80 年代中期，美國等發達國家對世界智慧財產權組織管理下的智慧財產權國際體系日益不滿，擬將有關議題轉移到關貿總協定框架內。TRIPS 於 1994 年關稅與貿易總協定（GATT）烏拉圭回合中達成。TRIPS 的訂立來自於美國的激烈遊說以及歐盟、日本與其它發達國家的支援。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪些國家支援 TRIPS 的訂立？
en: What were the countries that supported TRIPS into inclusion?
answers: zh_tw: text: 美國的激烈遊說以及歐盟、日本與其它發達國家的支援

context: zh_tw: 在烏拉圭回合後，GATT 成為世界貿易組織（WTO）的前身。由於簽署 TRIPS 是 WTO 成員國的強制要求，任何想要加入 WTO 從而降低國際市場準入門檻的國家都必須按照 TRIPS 的要求制定嚴格的智慧財產權法律。因此，TRIPS 是智慧財產權法律全球化中最重要的多邊文書。
qas: question: zh_tw: 如果一個國家想加入 WTO，必須簽署什麼？
en: What must be ratified if a country wishes to join the WTO?
answers: zh_tw: text: TRIPS

context: zh_tw: 自 TRIPS 生效以來發展中國家、學術界和非政府組織對該協議的批評不斷升溫。其中部分批評是針對整個 WTO，而許多貿易自由化鼓吹者認為 TRIPS 是一個有害的政策。（如 Jagdish Bhagwati 在 “應對全球化” 中提出 TRIPS 對藥品進入發展中國家起到阻礙作用）TRIPS 的財富再分配效應（把財富從發展中國家手中轉移到發達國家的版權與專利持有者）和加諸於削減智慧財產權法律國家的人為稀缺性徵收，是此類爭議的主要出發點。
qas: question: zh_tw: 世界上哪些國家對 TRIPS 的批評最為嚴厲？
en: What part of the world criticized TRIPS the most?
answers: zh_tw: text: 發展中國家
神舟二號
Shenzhou 2

context: zh_tw: 1 月 16 日 19 時 22 分，神舟二號飛船在內蒙古中部的主著陸場成功著陸。飛船在太空中運行了近七天，繞地球飛行了 117 圈。
en: The signal for retrofire was sent at about 1015 UTC on January 16 as the spacecraft passed over the South Atlantic Ocean off the coast of South Africa. It landed in Inner Mongolia at 11:22 UTC. No photos were released of the landing capsule leading to some speculation that the reentry was not completely successful, though this was denied by Chinese officials. The Swedish Space Center news site reported that an unnamed source said one of the connections from the capsule to the single parachute failed leading to a hard landing.
qas: question: zh_tw: 飛船在哪裡著陸？
en: Where did the spacecraft touch down?
answers: zh_tw: text: 內蒙古
en: text: Inner Mongolia
海德堡大學
Heidelberg University

context: zh_tw: 海德堡大學在各類世界大學排行榜上皆穩居全球前 70 名內和德國前三甲，為德國學術資源最為集中、聲譽最佳的前三大高校之一。在 2018 年 “上海交通大學世界大學學術排名” 中，名列德國第 1，全球第 47 位。在 2019 年 “《美國新聞和世界報導》的全球大學排名” 中，海德堡大學名列德國第 2，全球第 54 位。在 2019 年泰晤士高等教育世界大學排名中，名列德國第 3，全球第 47 位。在 2019 年 QS 世界大學排名中，名列德國第 3，全球第 64 位。
en: The Best Global Universities Ranking of the U.S. News & World Report ranks Heidelberg University 2nd nationally and 54th in the world as of 2019.
qas: question: zh_tw: 海德堡大學位列全國排名第幾位？
en: Where does Heidelberg University rank nationally?
answers: zh_tw: text: 第 2
en: text: 2nd

context: zh_tw: 大學圖書館總圖藏書超過 300 多萬冊、49 萬份微縮投影片或擔子資料，及大約 6,800 部中世紀手抄本。各系所圖書館另有藏書超過 300 多萬冊，大學圖書館全部藏書超過 600 萬冊。每年逾 40,000 名學生、教授或研究人員使用圖書館，借閱次書超過 150 萬次，圖書館並訂閱 94,500 份電子期刊、雜誌，及建有 3,100 個資料庫以供查詢。
en: The University Library is the main library of the university, and constitutes together with the decentralized libraries of the faculties and institutes, the integral university library system comprising approximately 6.7 million printed books. It is Germany's most frequently used library, and it is currently placed 1st in a ranking of Germany's best libraries. The University Library's stocks exceeded one million in 1934. Today, it holds about 3.2 million books, about 500,000 other media such as microfilms and video tapes, as well as 10,732 scientific periodicals. Moreover, it holds 6,600 manuscripts, most notably the Codex Manesse, 1,800 incunabula, 110,500 autographs, and a collection of old maps, paintings, and photographs. The further 83 decentralized libraries of the faculties and institutes hold another 3.5 million printed books. In 2005, 34,500 active users of the University Library accessed 1.4 million books a year. The conventional book supply is complemented by numerous electronic services. Around 3,000 commercial scientific journals can be accessed via e-journal. The University Library of today traces its roots back to the purchase of a chest of documents by the first Rector Marsilius von Inghen in 1388, which was stored in the Heiliggeistkirche, then the University Cathedral. Since 1978, the science branch of the University Library serves the institutes of natural sciences and medicine on the New Campus. In 2016, extensive refurbishments were finalized with the University Library now housing additional study spaces.
qas: question: zh_tw: 德國使用最頻繁的圖書館藏有多少本書？
en: How many books are in Germany's most frequently used library?
answers: zh_tw: text: 300 多萬
en: text: 3.2 million
大犬座 δ
Delta Canis Majoris

context: zh_tw: 大犬座 δ 是一顆 F8 型的超巨星，其半徑約為太陽的 215 倍，表面溫度約為 5,818 K，質量約為太陽的 17 倍，絕對星等為 - 6.78，距離地球約 1600 光年。如果大犬座 δ 距離地球和天狼星一樣近的話，那它將有半個滿月那麼亮。它以 48 公里每秒的速度自轉，因此可能需要一年的時間才能自轉一週。大犬座 δ 只有一千萬年的歷史，並且在其核心已經停止了氫聚變。由於其核心合成了更重的元素，它的外殼開始膨脹並冷卻，在接下來的十萬年裡將變為一顆紅色超巨星。當核心聚變為鐵時，它將崩潰並爆炸，成為一顆超新星。
en: Delta Canis Majoris is a supergiant of class F8 with a radius around 215 times that of the Sun. Its surface temperature is around 5,818 K, and it is 17 times more massive than the Sun. Its absolute magnitude is −6.87, and it lies around 1,600 light-years away. It is rotating at a speed of around 28 km/s, and hence may take a year to rotate fully. Only around 10 million years old, Delta Canis Majoris has stopped fusing hydrogen in its core. Its outer envelope is beginning to expand and cool, and in the next 100,000 years it will become a red supergiant as its core fuses heavier and heavier elements. Once it has an iron core, it will collapse and explode as a supernova.If Delta Canis Majoris were as close to Earth as Sirius is, it would be as bright as a half-full moon.
qas: question: zh_tw: 大犬座 δ 是太陽的多少倍大？
en: How many times could the sun fit into Delta Canis Majoris?
answers: zh_tw: text: 17 倍
en: text: 17
A・N・R・羅賓遜
A. N. R. Robinson

context: zh_tw: A・N・R・羅賓遜（Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson，1926 年 12 月 16 日－2014 年 4 月 9 日），是一名千里達及托巴哥政治人物。
en: The Hon. Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson SC, OCC, TC (16 December 1926 – 9 April 2014; known as A. N. R. or "Ray" Robinson), was the third President of Trinidad and Tobago, serving from 19 March 1997 to 17 March 2003. He was also Trinidad and Tobago's third Prime Minister, serving in that capacity from 18 December 1986 to 17 December 1991. He is internationally recognized for his proposal that eventually led to the founding of the International Criminal Court.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是千里達及托巴哥的第三任總統？
en: Who was the third president of Trinidad and Tobago
answers: zh_tw: text: A・N・R・羅賓遜
en: text: Arthur Napoleon Raymond Robinson
Skype
Skype

context: zh_tw: Skype 於 2003 年 8 月問世。該軟體由瑞典人 Niklas Zennström，丹麥人 Janus Friis 以及開發軟體後端的愛沙尼亞人 Ahti Heinla、Priit Kasesalu 和 Jaan Tallinn 合作建立。Skype 所採用的後臺也被音樂分享軟體 Kazaa 所使用。2005 年 9 月，eBay 以 26 億美元的價格購得 Skype。2009 年 9 月，Silver Lake,Andreessen Horowitz 和 Canada Pension Plan Investment Board 宣佈向 eBay 以 19 億美元購入 Skype 的 65% 的股份。此次收購摺合的 Skype 估價為 27.5 億美元。2011 年 5 月，微軟以 85 億美元的價格購入 Skype。微軟 Skype 部門總部位於盧森堡，不過部門中大部份開發團隊和部門內的 44% 僱員仍然在愛沙尼亞的塔林和塔爾圖工作。
en: At the end of 2010, there were over 660 million worldwide users, with over 300 million estimated active each month as of August 2015. At one point in February 2012, there were 34 million users concurrently online on Skype.First released in August 2003, Skype was created by the Swede Niklas Zennström and the Dane Janus Friis, in cooperation with Ahti Heinla, Priit Kasesalu, and Jaan Tallinn, Estonians who developed the backend that was also used in the music-sharing application Kazaa. In September 2005, eBay acquired Skype for $2.6 billion. In September 2009, Silver Lake, Andreessen Horowitz, and the Canada Pension Plan Investment Board announced the acquisition of 65% of Skype for $1.9 billion from eBay, which attributed to the enterprise a market value of $2.92 billion. Microsoft bought Skype in May 2011 for $8.5 billion. Skype division headquarters are in Luxembourg, but most of the development team and 44% of all the division's employees are still situated in Tallinn and Tartu, Estonia.Skype allows users to communicate over the Internet by voice, using a microphone, by video using a webcam, and by instant messaging. Skype implements a freemium business model. Skype-to-Skype calls are free of charge, while calls to landline telephones and mobile phones (over traditional telephone networks) are charged via a debit-based user account system called Skype Credit. Some network administrators have banned Skype on corporate, government, home, and education networks, citing such reasons as inappropriate usage of resources, excessive bandwidth usage and security concerns.Skype originally featured a hybrid peer-to-peer and client–server system. Skype has been powered entirely by Microsoft-operated supernodes since May 2012. The 2013 mass surveillance disclosures revealed that Microsoft had granted intelligence agencies unfettered access to supernodes and Skype communication content.Throughout 2016 and 2017, Microsoft redesigned its Skype clients in a way that transitioned Skype from peer-to-peer service to a centralized Azure service and adjusted the user interfaces of apps to make text-based messaging more prominent than voice calling. Skype for Windows, iOS, Android, Mac and Linux received significant, visible overhauls.
qas: question: zh_tw: 2009 年 Skype 的市場價值是多少？
en: What was the market value of Skype in 2009?
answers: zh_tw: text: 27.5 億美元
en: text: $2.92 billion
白雪公主與獵人
Snow White and the Huntsman

context: zh_tw: 《白雪公主與獵人》（英語：Snow White and the Huntsman，香港譯《白雪公主之魔幻復仇記》，臺灣譯《公主與狩獵者》）是一部 2012 年上映的美國奇幻動作片，由英國導演魯伯特・山德斯執導，查理茲・塞隆、克里斯汀・斯圖爾特、克里斯・海姆斯沃斯主演。
en: Snow White and the Huntsman is a 2012 American fantasy film based on the German fairy tale "Snow White" compiled by the Brothers Grimm. The film is the directorial debut of Rupert Sanders, with a screenplay by Evan Daugherty, John Lee Hancock and Hossein Amini, from a screen story by Daugherty. In the film's retelling of the tale, Snow White grows up imprisoned by her evil stepmother, Queen Ravenna, a powerful sorceress. After Snow White escapes into the forest, Ravenna tells Eric, the Huntsman that she will bring back his dead wife if he captures Snow White.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這部電影哪一年上映？
en: What year was the movie released?
answers: zh_tw: text: Huntsman，香港譯《白雪公主之魔幻復仇記》，臺灣譯《公主與狩獵者》）是一部 2012 年上映的美國奇幻動作片，由英國導演魯伯特・山德斯執導，查理茲・塞隆、克里斯汀・斯圖爾特、克里斯・海姆斯沃斯主演。
en: text: 2012
克羅埃西亞航空
Croatia Airlines

context: zh_tw: 2000 年克羅埃西亞航空再接收 2 架空中巴士飛機，並開始自動售票系統。2001 年取得了從德國聯邦航空局發出的維修及技術保養認證。於 2004 年 11 月 18 日加入了星空聯盟。
en: In 2000 two more Airbus planes arrived and an automated ticketing system was inaugurated. In 2001 the airline received maintenance and technical performing certificates from the German aviation authority Luftfahrt-Bundesamt. On 18 November 2004, Croatia Airlines joined Star Alliance.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪家公司的飛機在 2000 年抵達？
en: Which company's planes arrived in 2000?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2000
en: text: Airbus
空間與重大災害國際憲章
International Charter 'Space and Major Disasters'

context: zh_tw: 在 1999 年 7 月第三次第三屆外太空探險與和平使用會議（UNISPACE III ）在奧地利維也納召開之後，歐洲空間局（ESA）及法國國家空間研究中心（CNES）率先提出空間與重大災害國際憲章並開展計劃，2000 年 10 月 20 日，該兩個組織與加拿大航天局（CSA）共同簽署憲章，並在 2000 年 11 月 1 日起正式生效。截止 2013 年秋天，憲章共有 15 個機構。自 2000 年以來，憲章衛星資料已應用於近 400 次災害事件；災害事件已經達到了平均每年（2007 - 2012）40 次以上。
en: The International Charter "Space and Major Disasters" is a non-binding charter which provides for the charitable and humanitarian retasked acquisition of and transmission of space satellite data to relief organizations in the event of major disasters.  Initiated by the European Space Agency and the French space agency CNES after the UNISPACE III conference held in Vienna, Austria in July 1999, it officially came into operation on November 1, 2000 after the Canadian Space Agency signed onto the charter on October 20, 2000.  Their space assets were then, respectively, ERS and ENVISAT, SPOT and Formosat, and RADARSAT.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在什麼會議之後歐洲空間局開展救濟計劃？
en: After what conference did the European Space Agency relief organizations?
answers: zh_tw: text: UNISPACE III
en: text: UNISPACE III conference
因陀羅跋摩一世

context: zh_tw: 因陀羅跋摩一世建造了大量建築物。他首先為他的臣民建造了一個灌溉稻田的灌溉系統。這個建築工程的目的在於建造巨大的蓄水池來儲蓄雨季的水，然後在旱季透過運河和渠道來使用它們。印度教神話認為這些蓄水池代表海洋，而廟宇的塔則代表須彌山，諸神住的地方。因陀羅跋摩一世和他的梵教顧問終年施行了許多儀式來加強這個信仰。比如在插秧前施行布雨儀式。他一繼位就銘文道：“從今天開始五日內我將開始挖。” 他挖的蓄水池規模非常大，其中最大的長 3.8 千米，寬 800 米。在雨季它可以容 750 萬立方米的水。今天它已經乾枯了。不過後來的國王還建造了更大的蓄水池。
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是國王首個作為的受者？
en: Who was the recipient of the King's first act?
answers: zh_tw: text: 他的臣民

question: zh_tw: 什麼季節建造一個大型水庫以阻擋水？
en: During what season was a large reservoir constructed to hold back water?
answers: zh_tw: text: 雨季
金錢怪獸
Money Monster

context: zh_tw: 知名的電視臺財經專家李・蓋茲（Lee Gates）主持著他的節目《金錢怪獸》（Money Monster）。在最新一集開播前，艾比斯資本（IBIS）的股票莫名其妙大跌，造成眾多投資者的 8 億美元人間蒸發，公司對外宣稱是交易演演算法出了問題。李試圖讓艾比斯的執行長（CEO）華特・坎比（Walt Camby）出面接受有關該次事件的採訪，但坎比意外離國，去日內瓦出差。
en: Flamboyant television financial expert Lee Gates is in the midst of the latest edition of his show, Money Monster. Less than 24 hours earlier, IBIS Clear Capital's stock inexplicably cratered, apparently due to a glitch in a trading algorithm, costing investors $800 million. Lee planned to have IBIS CEO Walt Camby appear for an interview about the crash, but Camby unexpectedly left for a business trip to Geneva.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蓋茨本應該面試誰？
en: Who was Gates supposed to interview?
answers: zh_tw: text: 華特・坎比（Walt Camby）
en: text: Walt Camby

question: zh_tw: 蓋茨主持什麼節目？
en: What show did Gates host?
answers: zh_tw: text: Gates）主持著他的節目《金錢怪獸》（Money
en: text: Money Monster

context: zh_tw: 在節目的導演派蒂・芬恩（Patty Fenn）的幫助下，李試圖安撫凱爾，並協助他找到坎比。李和艾比斯的傳訊官黛安・萊斯特（Diane Lester）雙雙提出賠償凱爾經濟損失的提議，凱爾依舊不滿意。黛安一再強調，這起事件之所以會發生，都是因為演演算法出錯，但凱爾不接受這個答案。黛安自己也不太相信這個答案，便去找設計演演算法的人。演演算法的設計者堅稱，演演算法不可能出錯，除非有人為操縱。
en: With the help of longtime director Patty Fenn, Lee tries to calm Kyle and find Camby for him, though Kyle is not satisfied when both Lee and IBIS chief communications officer Diane Lester offer to compensate him for his financial loss. He also is not satisfied by Diane's insistence that the algorithm is to blame. Diane is not satisfied by her own explanation, either, and defies colleagues to contact a programmer who created the algorithm, Won Joon. Reached in Seoul, Joon insists that an algorithm could not take such a large, lopsided position unless someone meddled with it.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是導演？
en: Who is the director?
answers: zh_tw: text: 派蒂・芬恩
en: text: Patty Fenn
吉爾吉斯斯坦索姆
Kyrgyzstani som

context: zh_tw: 吉爾吉斯斯坦原是蘇聯的一個加盟共和國，在蘇聯時期，吉爾吉斯斯坦使用全蘇聯的統一貨幣盧布。即使在 1991 年 8 月 31 日宣佈國家獨立後，吉爾吉斯斯坦也並未立即發行新貨幣，而是繼續使用蘇聯盧布及後來的俄羅斯盧布，成為盧布區國家。由於吉爾吉斯斯坦的通貨膨脹愈演愈烈，且國際貨幣基金組織將發行新貨幣設為向其貸款的前提條件之一，吉爾吉斯斯坦於 1993 年 5 月 3 日宣佈退出盧布區。隨後的 5 月 7 日，吉爾吉斯斯坦開始發行本國貨幣，主幣為 “索姆”，下設輔幣 “泰因”，1 索姆 = 100 泰因。索姆發行後，隨即以 1:200 的比例取代了俄羅斯盧布的流通地位。
en: The som was introduced on May 10, 1993, replacing the Soviet ruble at a rate of 1 som = 200 rubles. Initially only banknotes were issued, coins were not introduced until 2008.
qas: question: zh_tw: 索姆取代了什麼貨幣？
en: What currency did the som replace?
answers: zh_tw: text: 俄羅斯盧布
en: text: Soviet ruble
紫水晶

context: zh_tw: 紫水晶的主色調可以為淺紫羅蘭色至深紫色。它有可能顯示紅色和藍色中的一種或兩種副色調。最好的紫水晶出產自西伯利亞、斯里蘭卡、巴西和遠東。質量理想的紫水晶被稱作 “Deep Siberian”，其具有 75-80% 的紫色主色調和 15-20% 的藍色和（取決於光照條件）紅色副色調。綠色的水晶有時被錯誤地稱為綠紫水晶，但實際上其礦物學名稱應該為堇雲石（Prasiolite）。
qas: question: zh_tw: 深沉的西伯利亞的主要顏色是什麼？
en: What is the primary hue of Deep Siberian?
answers: zh_tw: text: 紫色

question: zh_tw: 紫水晶是什麼顏色？
en: what color is amethyst?
answers: zh_tw: text: 淺紫羅蘭色至深紫色

context: zh_tw: 古希臘人認為紫水晶可以使人不醉。中世紀歐洲士兵相信在戰鬥中佩戴紫水晶護身符可以療傷，並且起到鎮靜效果。在英國的盎格魯 - 撒克遜人墓穴中發現了粒狀的紫水晶。西方天主教的主教通常佩戴鑲嵌紫水晶的教會戒指，此典故來自於《聖經》使徒行傳 2:15 中關於使徒們在五旬節時 “不醉” 的描述。
qas: question: zh_tw: 這些珠子是什麼做的？
en: What were the beads made of?
answers: zh_tw: text: 紫水晶

context: zh_tw: 巴西米納斯吉拉斯州大量出產紫水晶，尤其是在火山岩中以很大的晶洞形式出現。很多巴西西南部和烏拉圭出產的中空狀瑪瑙中都含有一些紫水晶晶簇。烏拉圭阿蒂加斯市和附近的巴西南里奧格蘭德州大量出產世界質量最好的紫水晶。米納斯吉拉斯州、馬託格羅索州、聖埃斯皮裡圖州、巴伊亞州和塞阿臘州都是巴西的主要紫水晶出產地。
qas: question: zh_tw: 巴西哪個州盛產紫水晶？
en: What state in Brazil produces lots of amethyst?
answers: zh_tw: text: 米納斯吉拉斯州

context: zh_tw: 韓國也有紫水晶出產。世界最大的露天紫水晶礦脈位於奧地利下奧地利州的邁紹鎮。俄羅斯出產大量高質量紫水晶，尤其是葉卡捷琳堡區的姆爾辛卡附近，以晶簇形式出現在花崗岩空腔中。印度南部也有很多紫水晶產地。非洲南部的尚比亞每年出產大約 1000 噸紫水晶，為世界最大紫水晶產地之一。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪裡可以找到紫水晶？
en: Where can amethyst be found?
answers: zh_tw: text: 印度南部
查蒂・史密斯
Zadie Smith

context: zh_tw: 查蒂・史密斯原名 “薩蒂・史密斯”，她出生於倫敦西北部布倫特區，這裡的居民主要是工人階級。她的母親在牙買加出生，1969 年移居英國，她的父親是英國人。這是她父親的第二次婚姻。查蒂有一個同父異母的姐姐和哥哥以及兩個弟弟。她的兩個弟弟都是饒舌藝術家。兒童時期她喜歡跳踢踏舞，少年時期她曾經考慮過在音樂劇當演員。大學時期她作為爵士樂歌手掙錢，並打算當記者。
en: Smith was born Sadie Smith in Willesden in the north-west London borough of Brent to a Jamaican mother, Yvonne Bailey, and an English father, Harvey Smith. At the age of 14, she changed her name to Zadie.Smith's mother grew up in Jamaica, and emigrated to England in 1969. Smith's parents divorced when she was a teenager. She has a half-sister, a half-brother, and two younger brothers (one is the rapper and stand-up comedian Doc Brown, and the other is the rapper Luc Skyz). As a child, Smith was fond of tap dancing, and in her teenage years, she considered a career in musical theatre. While at university, Smith earned money as a jazz singer, and wanted to become a journalist. Despite earlier ambitions, literature emerged as her principal interest.
qas: question: zh_tw: 她有多少個弟弟？
en: How many younger brothers does she have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 兩
en: text: two

question: zh_tw: 史密斯在大學時期如何掙錢？
en: how did Smith earn money at university?
answers: zh_tw: text: 作為爵士樂歌手掙錢
en: text: earned money as a jazz singer,

question: zh_tw: 她父母什麼時候離婚？
answers: en: text: when she was a teenager

context: zh_tw: 她少年的時候父母離婚。14 歲時她改名為 “查蒂”。雖然她早年的時候有其它想望，但是文學逐漸成為她最主要的興趣，併為她此後的生涯鋪了道路。
qas: question: zh_tw: 她父母什麼時候離婚？
en: When did her parents divorce?
answers: zh_tw: text: 她少年的時候
超日王號航空母艦
INS Vikramaditya

context: zh_tw: 超日王號航空母艦改裝的核心是米格 - 29K 戰鬥機上艦。把原本在戈爾什科夫海軍元帥號航空母艦上的武器全部拆去，包括位於船頭至艦橋之前的前甲板上武器系統，把艦艏變成 14.3° 的滑跳甲板（重 1500 噸、長度 52 米的滑越甲板模組）以便米格 - 29K 能以此短距滑跳起飛，飛行甲板上有兩個起飛位置，1 號起飛位位於艦橋左側起飛距離 105 米，2 號起飛位在斜向甲板區靠近飛行甲板左舷，起飛距離 180 米，從該艦試航時的新聞圖片發現，在起飛位未安裝可收放得用於阻擋飛機尾噴管高溫氣流的偏流板，另外還設有六個垂直起降點。夾角為 5.5° 的斜向甲板加上三條阻攔索以便讓米格 - 29K 降落時用著艦鉤鉤著減速，還有著陸助降裝置，此外，擴張左右舷甲板，飛行甲板總面積增大，不過，由於飛行甲板總長有限，甲板前部的起飛區與後部斜角甲板的降落區呈交叉重疊佈置。保留了原本在艦橋內側的升降機，擴大了位於艦橋後的另一個升降機。
en: Vikramaditya has been designed as a STOBAR carrier capable of operating both conventional fixed-wing aircraft and helicopters, with up to 34 aircraft capable of being accommodated. Its primary embarked aircraft type is the Mikoyan MiG-29K, a navalised version of the Mikoyan MiG-29M. The MiG-29K is an advanced, all weather multi-role fighter capable of undertaking both the fleet air defence, low level strike and anti-shipping roles. The primary ASW platform is the venerable Westland Sea King, while AEW is undertaken by the Kamov Ka-31. Carriage ranges given for the ship seem to converge around 16–24 MiG-29K and 10 Kamov Ka-31 or Dhruv helicopters; however Vikramaditya is not capable of operating fixed-wing AEW aircraft owing to her configuration as a STOBAR carrier. Utility and plane guard duties are undertaken by the HAL Chetak (or HAL Dhruv).
qas: question: zh_tw: 他們最常用的飛機是什麼？
en: which is their most used aircraft?
answers: zh_tw: text: 把艦艏變成 14.3° 的滑跳甲板（重 1500 噸、長度 52 米的滑越甲板模組）以便米格 - 29K 能以此短距滑跳起飛，
en: text: Mikoyan MiG-29K
奧馬爾・拉扎茲
Omar Razzaz

context: zh_tw: 拉扎茲是 2002 至 2006 年間世界銀行駐黎巴嫩貝魯特總幹事。他在 2006 至 2010 年間擔任約旦社會保險公司的董事。他還擔任過約旦戰略論壇主任和約旦的阿利銀行行長。在 2017 年，他加入哈尼・穆爾基政府擔任教育部長。他的任期見證了約旦教育體制的改革。 在他的前任穆爾基因 2018 年反緊縮措施示威下臺後，拉扎茲於 2018 年 6 月 5 日成為了首相。
en: Razzaz was director of the World Bank in Lebanon between 2002 and 2006. He was director of Jordan's Social Security Corporation between 2006 and 2010. He also served as director of the Jordan Strategy Forum and Jordan's Ahli Bank.
qas: question: zh_tw: 拉扎茲在 2002 至 2006 年間的職業是什麼？
en: What was Razzaz' occupation from 2002-2006?
answers: zh_tw: text: 世界銀行駐黎巴嫩貝魯特總幹事
en: text: director of the World Bank in Lebanon
埃德威格
Eadwig

context: zh_tw: 埃德威格（Eadwig，有時作 Edwy ；941 年－959 年 10 月 1 日）是一位英格蘭國王，955 年 11 月 23 日 – 959 年 10 月 1 日在位，綽號美男子（All-Fair 或 the Fair）。他是埃德蒙一世和沙夫茨伯裡的艾爾弗吉夫的長子，其叔埃德雷德死後他被貴族選為繼承人繼位為王。他享國短暫，在位期間王國持續不斷髮生衝突。
en: Eadwig, also spelled Edwy (died 1 October 959), sometimes called the All-Fair, was King of England from 955 until his premature death.
qas: question: zh_tw: 英格蘭國王的綽號是什麼？
en: What was the King of England called occasionally?
answers: zh_tw: text: All-Fair
en: text: All-Fair
錫蘭象

context: zh_tw: 錫蘭象（學名：Elephas maximus maximus）又名斯里蘭卡象，是體型最大的亞洲象亞種。
qas: question: zh_tw: 斯里蘭卡象的拉丁名是什麼？
en: What is the Latin name for the Sri Lankan elephant?
answers: zh_tw: text: Elephas maximus maximus

context: zh_tw: 錫蘭象歷史分佈區包括所有斯里蘭卡的生態區域：低地熱帶雨林、山區森林及錫蘭乾燥地區的森林，雖然亦有零星分佈在熱帶雨林，但主要生活在山區森林。
qas: question: zh_tw: 大象被發現在什麼森林裡？
en: What forests are elephants found in?
answers: zh_tw: text: 山區森林
普里揚卡・甘地
Priyanka Gandhi

context: zh_tw: 普里揚卡・甘地（英文：Priyanka Gandhi，1972 年 1 月 12 日－）是一個印度政治人物，尼赫魯 - 甘地家族的一分子。她是前印度總理拉吉夫・甘地、印度國民大會黨主席索尼婭・甘地之女；印度國會議員拉胡爾・甘地之妹。2019 年 2 月起正式參政。
en: Priyanka Gandhi (born 12 January 1972), also known by her married name Priyanka Gandhi Vadra, is an Indian politician who is currently serving as general secretary of the AICC in charge of eastern Uttar Pradesh. She also serves as Trustee of Rajiv Gandhi Foundation. She is the daughter of  Rajiv Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi, sister of Rahul Gandhi, and granddaughter of Feroze and Indira Gandhi, making her a member of the politically prominent Nehru-Gandhi family.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是她的父母？
en: Who are her parents?
answers: zh_tw: text: 前印度總理拉吉夫・甘地、印度國民大會黨主席索尼婭・甘地
en: text: Rajiv Gandhi and Sonia Gandhi

context: zh_tw: 普里揚卡・甘地在印度德里出生。在 12 歲時，祖母英迪拉・甘地被行刺身亡；19 歲時，父親拉吉夫・甘地被行刺身亡。她在新德里的 Modern School、德里的耶穌和瑪麗女修道院（Convent of Jesus and Mary）讀書，後在德里大學心理學系畢業。
en: Priyanka Gandhi studied at the Modern School and Convent of Jesus & Mary. She pursued her graduation in Psychology from Jesus and Mary College, University of Delhi. She completed her Psychology degree and later obtained her master's degree in Buddhist studies in 2010.
qas: question: zh_tw: Priyanka Gandhi 畢業於哪所大學？
en: Priyanka Gandhi graduated from what university?
answers: zh_tw: text: School、德里的耶穌和瑪麗女修道院（Convent
en: text: Jesus and Mary College, University of Delhi
2017 年聖彼得堡地鐵爆炸案
2017 Saint Petersburg Metro bombing

context: zh_tw: 2017 年 4 月 3 日，一枚裝有重約 1 公斤的爆炸物的裝置在一輛列車途徑乾草廣場站到科技學院站之間隧道時引爆。爆炸訊息傳出後，聖彼得堡所有地鐵站立即關閉。至深夜，地鐵 3、4、5 號線的恢復運營。
en: On 3 April 2017, a device containing 200–300 grams (0.44–0.66 lb) of explosives detonated on a train travelling through a tunnel between the Sennaya Ploshchad and Tekhnologichesky Institut stations of the Saint Petersburg Metro. According to a statement from the Ministry of Emergency Situations, the bomb was detonated on the third carriage of the train. Eyewitnesses said the blast occurred near the door. Immediately after the explosion, smoke filled the platform. Video from social media showed multiple victims on the platform and a metal door twisted by the force of the blast. Following reports of the explosion, all metro stations in Saint Petersburg were quickly closed. In the late evening, metro services were resumed on Lines 3, 4, and 5.A second bomb was discovered and disarmed at Ploshchad Vosstaniya station. The device had ball bearings, screws, and shrapnel and was hidden within a fire extinguisher containing an equivalent of about 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of TNT. Jalilov's DNA was found on a bag which contained the extinguisher, suggesting that he intentionally left this bag inside a carriage as witnessed by some passengers.
qas: question: zh_tw: 爆炸物在哪裡被引爆？
en: What were the explosives detonated on?
answers: zh_tw: text: 在一輛列車
en: text: on a train
夸克

context: zh_tw: 夸克有六種 “味”，分別是上、下、粲、奇、底及頂。上及下夸克的質量是所有夸克中最低的。較重的夸克會透過一個叫粒子衰變的過程，來迅速地變成上或下夸克。粒子衰變是一個從高質量態變成低質量態的過程。就是因為這個原因，上及下夸克一般來說很穩定，所以它們在宇宙中很常見，而奇、粲、頂及底則只能經由高能粒子的碰撞產生（例如宇宙射線及粒子加速器）。
qas: question: zh_tw: 夸克有什麼？
en: What do the quarks have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 所有夸克中最低

context: zh_tw: 夸克模型於 1964 年由物理學家默裡・蓋爾曼和喬治・茨威格（George Zweig）獨立提出。在這個提案前不久的 1961 年，蓋爾曼提出了一種粒子分類系統，叫 “八重道”—— 或技術上應叫特殊麼正群味對稱。以色列物理學家尤瓦勒・內埃曼（Yuval Ne'eman），在同年亦獨立地開發出一套跟八重道相近的理論。
qas: question: zh_tw: 科學模型是什麼時候提出的？
en: When was a scientific model proposed?
answers: zh_tw: text: 夸克模型於 1964 年由物理學家默裡・蓋爾曼和喬治・茨威格（George

context: zh_tw: 夸克只能透過弱相互作用，由一種味轉變成另一種味，弱相互作用是粒子物理學的四種基本相互作用之一。任何上型的夸克（上、粲及頂夸克），都可以透過吸收或釋放一 W 玻色子，而變成下型的夸克（下、奇及底夸克），反之亦然。這種變味機制正是導致 β 衰變這種放射過程的原因，在 β 衰變中，一中子（n）“分裂” 成一質子（p）、一電子（e−）及一反電中微子（νe）（見右圖）。在 β 衰變發生時，中子（udd）內的一下夸克在釋放一虛 W−玻色子後，隨即衰變成一上夸克，於是中子就變成了質子（uud）。隨後 W−玻色子衰變成一電子及一反電中微子。
qas: question: zh_tw: W−玻色子衰變成了什麼？
en: What does the W-boson decompose into?
answers: zh_tw: text: 一電子及一反電中微子。

context: zh_tw: 夸克有一種叫 “色荷” 的性質。色荷共分三種，可任意標示為 “藍”、“綠” 及 “紅” 每一種色荷都有其對應的反色荷 ——“反藍”、“反綠” 及 “反紅”。每一個夸克都帶一種色，而每一個反夸克則帶一種反色。掌管夸克間吸引及排斥的系統，是由三種色的各種不同組合所負責，叫強相互作用，它是由一種叫膠子的規範玻色子所傳遞的；下文中有關於膠子更詳細的討論。描述強相互作用的理論叫量子色動力學（QCD）。一個帶某色荷的夸克，可以和一個帶對應反色荷的反夸克，一起生成一束縛系統；三個（反）色荷各異的（反）夸克，也就是三種色每種一個，同樣也可以束縛在一起。兩個互相吸引的夸克會達至色中性：一夸克帶色荷 ξ，加上一個帶色荷−ξ 的反夸克，結合後色荷為零（或 “白” 色），成為一個介子。跟基本光學的顏色疊加一樣，把三個色荷互不相同的夸克或三個這樣的反夸克組合在一起，就會同樣地得到 “白” 的色荷，成為一個重子或反重子。
qas: question: zh_tw: 一個膠子有多少種色荷？
en: How many color charges does a gluon have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 一種
DirectX
DirectX

context: zh_tw: DirectX（Direct eXtension，縮寫：DX）是由微軟公司建立的一系列專為多媒體以及遊戲開發的應用程式介面。旗下包含 Direct3D、Direct2D、DirectCompute 等等多個不同用途的子部份，因為這一系列 API 皆以 Direct 字樣開頭，所以 DirectX（只要把 X 字母替換為任何一個特定 API 的名字）就成為這一巨大的 API 系列的統稱。目前最新版本為 DirectX 12，隨附於 Windows 10 作業系統之上。
en: Microsoft DirectX is a collection of application programming interfaces (APIs) for handling tasks related to multimedia, especially game programming and video, on Microsoft platforms. Originally, the names of these APIs all began with Direct, such as Direct3D, DirectDraw, DirectMusic, DirectPlay, DirectSound, and so forth. The name DirectX was coined as a shorthand term for all of these APIs (the X standing in for the particular API names) and soon became the name of the collection. When Microsoft later set out to develop a gaming console, the X was used as the basis of the name Xbox to indicate that the console was based on DirectX technology. The X initial has been carried forward in the naming of APIs designed for the Xbox such as XInput and the Cross-platform Audio Creation Tool (XACT), while the DirectX pattern has been continued for Windows APIs such as Direct2D and DirectWrite.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這些 API 在哪些平臺應用？
en: On what platforms are these APIs used?
answers: zh_tw: text: 微軟
en: text: Microsoft
東風 - 4 遠端彈道導彈
DF-4

context: zh_tw: 東風 - 4 遠端彈道導彈（DF-4；北約代號：CSS-3）是中華人民共和國研製的第一種兩級液體燃料（紅煙硝酸和偏二甲基肼）機動發射的遠端彈道導彈。從 20 世紀 80 年代初期開始，有限數量的東風 - 4 就被認為在山洞和地下發射井中部署。東風 - 4 第一級以東風 - 3 為基礎稍加修改；第二級為全新設計。東風 - 4 的第一級發動機地面推力為 1120 千牛，第二級發動機真空推力為 320 千牛，起飛重量為 82,000 千克，直徑為 2.25 米，長度為 28.05 米，翼展為 2.74 米。東風 - 4 可裝備 2,190 千克核彈頭，爆炸當量為 3.3 百萬噸，其原設計射程超過 4000 公里，以美軍駐關島的轟炸機基地為目標，後射程增至 5500 公里，以將莫斯科及其他蘇聯西部城市納入射程範圍，並打擊印度和美國太平洋基地的目標。導彈使用捷聯式全補償慣性制導系統，具有橫縱雙向導引，圓機率誤差約為 1,500 米。截至 2017 年，約有 10-15 個發射載具被部署。
en: The Dong Feng 4 (Chinese: 东风-4; pinyin: Dōng Fēng Sì; literally: 'East Wind 4') or DF-4 (also known as the CSS-3) is a two-stage Chinese Intercontinental ballistic missile with liquid fuel (Nitric acid/Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine).  It was thought to be deployed in limited numbers in underground silos beginning in the 1970s and early 1980s.  The Dong Feng 4 has a takeoff thrust of 1,224.00 kN, a takeoff weight of 82000 kg, a diameter of 2.25 m, a length of 28.05 m and a fin span of 2.74 m.  The range of the Dong Feng 4, which is equipped with a 2,190 kg nuclear warhead with 3.3 Megaton yield, with a nominal range of 5,500 km.  This gives it sufficient range to strike targets as far away as Russia, India, and American bases in the Pacific. The missile uses an inertial guidance system, resulting in a large CEP of 1,500 meters.  As of 2017, 10-15 launchers are deployed.
qas: question: zh_tw: 導彈使用什麼系統？
en: What kind of system does the missile use?
answers: zh_tw: text: 慣性制導系統
en: text: an inertial guidance system

question: zh_tw: 東風火箭的起飛重量是多少？
en: What is the takeoff weight of the Dong Feng?
answers: zh_tw: text: 82,000 千克
en: text: 82000 kg
湯姆・克魯斯
Tom Cruise

context: zh_tw: 告魯斯和澳洲著名女演員，妮歌・潔曼於拍攝電影《雷霆壯志》（1990 年）時認識。他們於 1990 年 12 月 24 日結婚。告魯斯及潔曼共有 1 名養女及 1 名養子，分別是伊莎貝拉（Isabella）和康納（Connor）。2001 年 2 月，告魯斯在潔曼不知不覺地懷孕時提起離婚。2007 年，潔曼澄清了在與告魯斯結婚時早期流產的傳言，在接受採訪時說：「這是錯誤的報導」，並解釋說她實際上有異位妊娠。在她下一段與齊斯・艾本的婚姻之前，潔曼談到了她仍然愛著告魯斯。她在 2006 年說：「他曾是大明星，現在還是。對我來說，他只是湯，但是對於別人來說，他是大明星。但他對我很好，我愛他。我還愛著他。」
en: In the early to mid-1980s, Cruise had relationships with older women, including Rebecca De Mornay, three years his senior; Patti Scialfa, nine years his senior; and Cher, 16 years his senior. Cruise married actress Mimi Rogers on May 9, 1987. They divorced on February 4, 1990. Rogers introduced Cruise to the Church of Scientology. He met his second wife, actress Nicole Kidman, on the set of their film Days of Thunder (1990). The couple married on December 24, 1990. Cruise and Kidman adopted two children, Isabella Jane (born 1992) and Connor Antony (born 1995). In February 2001, Cruise filed for divorce from Kidman while she was unknowingly pregnant. The pregnancy ended in a miscarriage. In 2007, Kidman clarified rumors of a miscarriage early in her marriage to Cruise, saying in an interview, "It was wrongly reported," and explaining that she had actually had an ectopic pregnancy. Before Kidman's next marriage to Keith Urban, she spoke of how much she still loved Cruise, saying in 2006: "He was huge; still is. To me, he was just Tom, but to everybody else, he is huge. But he was lovely to me. And I loved him. I still love him."
qas: question: zh_tw: 湯姆・克魯斯與妮可・基德曼何時離婚？
en: When did Tom Cruise file for divorce from Nicole Kidman?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2001 年 2 月
en: text: February 2001
龍的世界

context: zh_tw: 在近代，年輕的約翰・麥高恩到蘇格蘭後，他在一次交通事故中失去了他的父母，住在他的祖父的城堡。在神奇的許願樹，他的祖父的遺產，他讓人想起了朋友，這是他綽號《猶勒》的嬰兒龍。他們一起長大，和 1 天紀錄片電影製片人鮑伯・阿姆斯壯，他的女兒貝絲和他的飛行員布朗尼麥基絆倒後，猶勒。渴望名聲和金錢，說服約翰・鮑勃 “租” 猶勒當地腐敗的商人，萊斯特・麥金太爾。約翰，部分被強制的要約安裝在城堡的稅收支付了，讓萊斯特採取猶勒。他這樣做，也是因為他的興趣越來越大，在貝絲。猶勒更是苦不堪言，在新的主題公園，為他建造的騷擾，當它變得清晰，麥金太爾欺騙他們，以便利用龍，約翰和他的新朋友採取行動。
qas: question: zh_tw: 鮑勃・阿姆斯特朗的女兒叫什麼名字？
en: What is the name of bob Armstrong's daughter?
answers: zh_tw: text: 貝絲

question: zh_tw: 這個小男孩的父母的死因是什麼？
en: What was the cause of death for this young boy's parents?
answers: zh_tw: text: 交通事故
帕爾汶・巴比
Parveen Babi

context: zh_tw: 帕爾汶・巴比（烏爾都語：پروین بابی‎‎，英語：Parveen Babi，1949 年 4 月 4 日－2005 年 1 月 20 日）是印度電影女演員。在七十至八十年代，巴比是寶萊塢最受歡迎的女演員之一。她演出了多部大熱電影，包括：Deewaar,、Amar Akbar Anthony、Namak Halaal、Suhaag 和 Shaan。當時她改變了寶萊塢女星的傳統打扮風格，開始了西式華麗的時尚風格。巴比亦是首位登上時代雜誌封面的印度演員。巴比來自印度一個普什圖族人家庭，但後來改宗基督教。她生前被診斷患有精神分裂症。2005 年，她在家中去世。
en: Parveen Babi (4 April 1949 – 20 January 2005) was an Indian film actress, model, and an interior designer. She is most remembered for her appearances in popular commercial films and playing mostly glamorous roles alongside top heroes of the 1970s and early 1980s. Regarded as one of the most glamorous actresses in the history of Hindi Cinema, Parveen Babi was one of the highest paid actresses of her time.
qas: question: zh_tw: babi 何時去世？
en: What year did Pavreen Babi die?
answers: zh_tw: text: Babi，1949 年 4 月 4 日－2005 年 1 月 20 日）是印度電影女演員。
en: text: 2005
伊比利亞半島地中海盆地的石壁畫藝術

context: zh_tw: 伊比利亞半島地中海盆地的石壁畫藝術（西班牙語：Arte rupestre del arco mediterráneo de la península ibérica）是在伊比利亞半島東部地中海盆地地區發現的史前時代石壁畫藝術群總稱。它們分佈在西班牙王國阿拉貢、加泰羅尼亞、瓦倫西亞、穆爾西亞、安達盧西亞以及卡斯蒂利亞 - 拉曼恰等 6 個自治區內，幾乎包括整個伊比利亞半島東部。1998 年，這片石壁畫藝術群被聯合國教科文組織認定為世界文化遺產。地中海盆地的石壁畫藝術是西班牙繼阿爾塔米拉洞之後第 2 批登入世界文化遺產的史前石壁畫藝術遺產。它被廣泛認為是歐洲地區分佈範圍最廣的史前石壁畫藝術群。
qas: question: zh_tw: 世界遺產中可以找到的歷史寶藏是什麼？
en: What is one historical treasure that can be found in the World Heritage Site?
answers: zh_tw: text: 石壁畫藝術

context: zh_tw: 首批巖畫於 1903 年在特魯埃爾省被人們發現。西班牙史前歷史學家胡安・卡夫雷是最早研究這些壁畫的學者。他將其完成年代推定為舊石器時代，然而卻遭到不少學者的質疑，原因是在這批壁畫中沒有發現末次冰期動物群。後來的考古學者安東尼奧・貝爾特蘭・馬丁內斯等人將史前人類開始創作壁畫的時代定為舊石器時代晚期或中石器時代，創作的全盛期在新石器時代。然而關於確切的最早創作時間，學術界仍然沒有定論。同時，一些史前壁畫上，如萊里達省的埃爾科古爾的巖洞，有後人留下的伊比利亞語和拉丁語銘文。
qas: question: zh_tw: 最初創作的畫的正確日期由誰所定？
en: To whom was a credited the correct dating of when the art first appeared?
answers: zh_tw: text: 安東尼奧・貝爾特蘭・馬丁內斯
蛋白質結構
Protein structure

context: zh_tw: 測定蛋白質序列比測定蛋白質結構容易得多，而蛋白質結構可以給出比序列多得多的關於其功能機制的資訊。因此，許多方法被用於從序列預測結構。
en: The generation of a protein sequence is much easier than the determination of a protein structure. However, the structure of a protein gives much more insight in the function of the protein than its sequence. Therefore, a number of methods for the computational prediction of protein structure from its sequence have been developed. Ab initio prediction methods use just the sequence of the protein. Threading and homology modeling methods can build a 3-D model for a protein of unknown structure from experimental structures of evolutionarily-related proteins, called a protein family.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蛋白質哪部分提供其功能相關的重要資訊？
en: What part of protein gives valuable information about it's function?
answers: zh_tw: text: 結構
en: text: structure
夏爾・路易・阿方斯・拉韋朗

context: zh_tw: 夏爾・路易・阿方斯・拉韋朗 （法語：Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran，1845 年 6 月 18 日－1922 年 5 月 18 日），法國醫師。1880 年在阿爾吉利亞君士坦丁的軍醫院工作時，拉韋朗發現瘧疾是由一種原生動物（瘧原蟲）造成，這是第一次發現原生動物具有造成疾病的能力。1901 年，他描述了造成非洲昏睡病的錐體蟲。他對原生動物的研究與發現，使他獲得了 1907 年的諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎。
qas: question: zh_tw: 瘧疾被發現是由什麼導致的？
en: What was found to be causing Malaria?
answers: zh_tw: text: 原生動物

question: zh_tw: 誰發現了寄生原生動物
en: Who discovered parasitic protozoan
answers: zh_tw: text: 夏爾・路易・阿方斯・拉韋朗

question: zh_tw: 拉韋朗在 1907 年獲得了哪獎？
en: What award did Laveran receive in 1907?
answers: zh_tw: text: 諾貝爾生理學或醫學獎
普拉卡什・帕都恭
Prakash Padukone

context: zh_tw: 普拉卡什・帕都恭的父母受印度教傳統的影響，安排他與相同種姓的烏朱瓦拉（Ujjwala）結婚。兩人共育有兩名女兒，大女兒荻皮卡・帕都恭是寶萊塢的知名演員；二女兒安妮莎・帕都恭則是一名高爾夫球運動員。目前除了荻皮卡・帕都恭因為演員工作而居住於孟買，普拉卡什・帕都恭與其他家人目前都定居於邦加羅爾。
en: Padukone was born on 10 June 1955 in Padukone village near Kundapura, Udupi. His surname, Padukone, is the name of the village Padukone from where his family originates.Padukone got married to Ujjala, a match arranged by their parents in the Indian Hindu system. They have two daughters - Deepika Padukone, a Bollywood actress, and Anisha Padukone, a golfer. Padukone, his wife and younger daughter Anisha reside in Bangalore, whereas Deepika lives and works in Mumbai.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個女兒是運動員？
en: Which daughter is known for playing a sport?
answers: zh_tw: text: 安妮莎・帕都恭
en: text: Anisha Padukone
孫大信

context: zh_tw: 孫大信（Sadhu Sundar Singh，1889 年 9 月 3 日－1929 年）是印度基督教具有影響力的佈道家，志願去西藏傳教，曾幾度徒步越喜馬拉雅山進入西藏。在 1929 年最後一次入藏後失去音訊。他傳道大有能力，多行神蹟奇事，被當時西方基督徒認為是近代先知。
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰出生於 1889 年 9 月 3 日？
en: who was born in september 3 1889?
answers: zh_tw: text: 孫大信

context: zh_tw: 1918 年孫大信到錫蘭、緬甸、馬來亞、新加坡，1918 年到中國和日本傳道。1920 年，孫大信覺得他應到西方各國去作見證，因此，他到英國、法國、愛爾蘭、美國和澳洲等國講道。1921 年他再由藏回來，因歐洲人認為他是近代先知，很多講道的邀請，所以他決定再去歐洲一次。
qas: question: zh_tw: 他何時到美國？
en: When did he visit the US?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1920
伊麗莎白一世

context: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白是亨利八世和他的第二個妻子安妮・博林的女兒。但在她兩歲八個月的時候，生母不僅即被父親處死，其婚姻關係亦被宣佈無效，伊麗莎白被剝奪王室稱號。她的同父異母弟弟愛德華六世繼承了王位直到 1553 年駕崩，他無視兩位同父異母姐姐及當時的法律規定，伊麗莎白和羅馬天主教徒瑪麗，而把王位傳給了簡・格雷夫人。愛德華的遺願並沒有成功，瑪麗趕走了簡・格雷夫人，當了女王。
qas: question: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白的母親婚前姓氏是什麼？
en: What was Elizabeth's mother's maiden name?
answers: zh_tw: text: 博林

context: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白在 1550 年結束其正規教育後，成為她那個時代的一位受過最好教育的女性。繼承了安妮・博林美貌的伊麗莎白，也繼承了她的智慧，除了上文提及的幾門語言以外，人們還認為她會說威爾士語、康沃爾語、蘇格蘭語和愛爾蘭語。威尼斯大使曾於 1603 年說她 “駕馭 [這些] 語言是如此之好，以至於好像每種語言都是她的母語。” 歷史學家馬克・斯托爾表示，她的康沃爾語可能是日後成為財政大臣的樞密院室王室侍從官威廉・基利格魯教給她的。
qas: question: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白也被認為在她的生活中使用了哪些語言？
en: What langulang did Elizabeth was also believed to have spoken in her life?
answers: zh_tw: text: 威爾士語、康沃爾語、蘇格蘭語和愛爾蘭語

context: zh_tw: 亨利八世於 1547 年去世，伊麗莎白的九歲的同父異母的弟弟愛德華六世成為國王。亨利的遺孀凱瑟琳・帕爾旋即嫁給休德利的托馬斯・西摩，後者是愛德華六世的舅父和護國主第一代薩默塞特公爵愛德華・西摩的弟弟。這對夫婦將伊麗莎白帶進他們位於切爾西的家中。在這段時期，伊麗莎白經歷了情感危機，一些歷史學家認為這對她的此後的生活造成了影響。托馬斯・西摩年近四十，但擁有魅力和 “強大的吸引力”，吸引了 14 歲的伊麗莎白同他一起嬉笑玩鬧。這些嬉戲包括他穿著睡衣進入她的臥室，撓她癢癢，拍拍她的屁股。帕爾非但沒有正視丈夫這一問題，反而參與了丈夫不合時宜的活動。她兩次和丈夫一同搔伊麗莎白的癢處，有一次抱住伊麗莎白，她的丈夫則把伊麗莎白身上穿的黑色的長袍 “剪個粉碎。” 然而，帕爾發現兩人擁抱後，結束了和他們的這種嬉戲。1548 年 5 月，伊麗莎白被打發走了。
qas: question: zh_tw: 帕爾做了什麼？
en: What did Parr do?
answers: zh_tw: text: 參與

context: zh_tw: 然而，托馬斯・西摩繼續策劃控制王室成員，試圖讓自己擔任國王的師保。帕爾於 1548 年分娩後死去，他再次向伊麗莎白獻殷勤，打算和她結婚。他以前對伊麗莎白的行為細節暴露後，他的哥哥和國王的樞密院給了他的最後一擊。1549 年 1 月，西摩因密謀迎娶伊麗莎白和推翻護國主被捕。伊麗莎白住在哈特菲爾德莊園，什麼也不肯招認。她的倔強激怒了她的審問者爵士羅伯特・蒂裡特，後者報告說，“我的確從她的面孔中看出內疚的神色。” 西摩於 1549 年 3 月 20 日被處決。
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰在分娩中無法存活？
en: Who was not able to survive giving birth?
answers: zh_tw: text: 帕爾

context: zh_tw: 愛德華六世於 1553 年 7 月 6 日去世，年僅 15 歲。愛德華六世在遺囑中把《1543 年王位繼承法》拋在一邊，將瑪麗和伊麗莎白排除到繼承順序之外，宣佈亨利八世的妹妹諾福克公爵夫人瑪麗的外孫女女勳爵簡・格雷為他的王位繼承人。女勳爵簡獲樞密院正式宣告為女王，但很快失勢，在位僅九日即遭廢黜。1553 年 8 月 3 日，瑪麗騎馬勝利進入倫敦，伊麗莎白緊隨在姐姐身後。
qas: question: zh_tw: 女勳爵簡執政了多久？
en: How long did Lady Jane rule?
answers: zh_tw: text: 九日

question: zh_tw: 愛德華六世是什麼時候去世的？
en: When did Edward VI die?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1553 年 7 月 6 日

context: zh_tw: 1554 年 1 月和 2 月，懷亞特的叛亂爆發，但旋即被鎮壓。伊麗莎白被帶到法庭，法庭就她在這場叛亂中扮演何種角色對她進行審問，3 月 18 日，她被關入倫敦塔。伊麗莎白力言自己的無辜。儘管她不太可能與叛軍密謀，但其中一些人和她有過接洽。瑪麗的密友、卡爾五世的大使西蒙・雷納認為只要伊麗莎白活著，她的王位就永遠不會安全；大法官斯蒂芬・加德納努力讓伊麗莎白受審。包括佩吉特勳爵在內的伊麗莎白在政府中的支持者說服瑪麗在沒有確鑿證據的情況下饒了她的妹妹。相反，5 月 22 日，伊麗莎白被從塔轉移到伍德斯托克，她在那裡由爵士亨利・貝丁菲爾德負責看管下軟禁了將近一年。一路上人群歡呼。
qas: question: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白被關在哪裡？
en: Where was Elizabeth confined to?
answers: zh_tw: text: 倫敦塔

context: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白從未結婚，她的死結束了都鐸王朝。在她的晚年，當她不得不確定她的繼承人時，她越來越傾向她的表侄孫，被她處死的蘇格蘭瑪麗女王的兒子詹姆士。但她從未正式命名他為繼承人。1603 年 3 月 24 日她死於薩里郡的列治文宮。她被安葬在倫敦西敏寺。她的繼承人是詹姆士一世，這位詹姆士當時已經成為蘇格蘭的詹姆士六世了。此時，英格蘭和蘇格蘭同歸一個君主，一個王朝的統治下，開始了不列顛統一程序的第一步──王室聯合，但英格蘭和蘇格蘭兩個國家依然保持自己獨立運作的政府。她去世 50 年之後，英國內戰爆發了，英國成為了一個短暫的共和國。
qas: question: zh_tw: 伊麗莎白在何處去世？
en: Where did Elizabeth pass away?
answers: zh_tw: text: 列治文宮
下諾夫哥羅德
Nizhny Novgorod

context: zh_tw: 下諾夫哥羅德是俄羅斯重要的經濟，工業，科學，教育和文化中心、伏爾加聯邦管區最大的交通樞紐、俄羅斯最大的遊船旅遊中心，有很多歷史景點、工廠和劇場。
en: The city is an important economic, transportation, scientific, educational and cultural center in Russia and the vast Volga-Vyatka economic region, and is the main center of river tourism in Russia. In the historic part of the city there is a large number of universities, theaters, museums and churches. Nizhny Novgorod is located about 400 km (250 mi) east of Moscow, where the Oka River empties into the Volga. Population: 1,250,619 (2010 Census); 1,311,252 (2002 Census); 1,438,133 (1989 Census).The city was founded in 4 February 1221 by Prince Yuri II of Vladimir. In 1612 Kuzma Minin and Prince Dmitry Pozharsky organized an army for the liberation of Moscow from the Poles. In 1817 Nizhny Novgorod became a great trade center of the Russian Empire. In 1896 at a fair, an All-Russia Exhibition was organized. During the Soviet period, the city turned into an important industrial center. In particular, the Gorky Automobile Plant was constructed in this period. Then the city was given the nickname "Russian Detroit". During World War II, Gorky became the biggest provider of military equipment to the Eastern Front. Due to this, the Luftwaffe constantly bombed the city from the air. The majority of the German bombs fell in the area of the Gorky Automobile Plant. Although almost all the production sites of the plant were completely destroyed, the citizens of Gorky reconstructed the factory after 100 days.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這個城市位於哪個國家？
en: What country is the city located in?
answers: zh_tw: text: 俄羅斯
en: text: Russia
鋸鱗蝰
Echis carinatus

context: zh_tw: 鋸鱗蝰多捕食鼠類、蜥蜴、蛙類，與及一些節肢動物如蠍子、蜈蚣，也會捕食大型的昆蟲。牠們的獵食物件範圍甚廣，視乎其棲息地區附近有甚麼活躍生物。
en: E. carinatus feeds on rodents, lizards, frogs, and a variety of arthropods, such as scorpions, centipedes and large insects. Diet may be varied according to availability of prey. High populations in some areas may be due to this generalist diet.
qas: question: zh_tw: 鋸鱗蝰以什麼為食？
en: What does E.carinatus feed on?
answers: zh_tw: text: 鼠類、蜥蜴、蛙類，與及一些節肢動物如蠍子、蜈蚣，也會捕食大型的昆蟲
en: text: rodents, lizards, frogs, and a variety of arthropods, such as scorpions, centipedes and large insects
印度總統
President of India

context: zh_tw: 駐外使節此外，總統負責接收外國使節呈交的國書，是印度武裝部隊在法律上的總司令，有權赦免或減輕已定罪者的刑罰，特別是涉及死刑的案件。總統行使赦免或其它一些權力時，可以不考慮總理或下議院的意見。在大多數的其它情況，總統按照總理的意見行使權力。
en: A sentence that is of death.The decisions involving pardoning and other rights by the president are independent of the opinion of the prime minister or the Lok Sabha majority. In most cases, however, the president exercises his executive powers on the advice of the prime minister and the cabinet.
qas: question: zh_tw: 總統在行使其行政權力時會採用誰的建議？
en: Whose advice does the president use when exercising his executive powers?
answers: zh_tw: text: 總理或下議院
en: text: the prime minister and the cabinet
羅納爾迪尼奧

context: zh_tw: 他的足球天賦也在 8 歲被展現，他第一個暱稱就是羅納爾迪尼奧（意即「小朗拿度」），因為他經常是該青年俱樂部年紀最輕和身材最矮的球員。他起初的興趣在五人制足球和沙灘足球，後來才涉足正規足球。他第一次被媒體報導是在 13 歲，當時他贏得了一場與地方球隊的比賽，戰勝比數是 23-0。他一個人攻入了所有 23 個進球。
qas: question: zh_tw: 一場與地方球隊的比賽，23 個進球，羅納爾迪尼奧進球多少？
en: How many out of 23 goal did Ronaldinho score in a game against local team?
answers: zh_tw: text: 所有 23 個進球

context: zh_tw: 2005 年 2 月 25 日，朗拿甸奴成為一個父親，他和巴西舞蹈家莎奈伊娜・門德斯（Janaína Mendes）的兒子若昂（João）出生，名字和朗拿甸奴的繼父相同。
qas: question: zh_tw: 朗拿甸奴的兒子什麼時候出生的？
en: When was Ronaldinho's son born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2005 年 2 月 25 日，朗拿甸奴成為一個父親，他和巴西舞蹈家莎奈伊娜・門德斯（Janaína

context: zh_tw: 2001 年羅納爾迪尼奧遠赴歐洲，與法國球會巴黎聖日耳曼簽約，為期 5 年，球會授予朗拿甸奴 21 號的球衣。當時朗拿甸奴和奈及利亞中場奧科查及法國前鋒安歷卡組成攻擊線。而奧科查則成為朗拿甸奴的導師。
qas: question: zh_tw: 羅納爾迪尼奧在哪一年簽約？
en: In what year did Ronaldinho sign a contract?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2001
土庫曼馬納特
Turkmenistan manat

context: zh_tw: 馬納特是土庫曼的流通貨幣，於 1993 年 10 月 1 日由土庫曼中央銀行開始發行，以取代該國當時流通的俄羅斯盧布。首次發行時，對盧布的收兌比率為 1 土庫曼馬納特 = 500 盧布。輔幣單位堅戈，1 馬納特 = 100 堅戈。有時會使用縮寫 “m” 表示馬納特，如 “25 000 m” 就是 25000 馬納特。
en: The manat is the currency of Turkmenistan. It was introduced on 1 November 1993, replacing the Russian ruble at a rate of 1 manat = 500 rubles. The ISO 4217 code was TMM, and the manat was subdivided into 100 tenge. The abbreviation m is sometimes used, e.g., 25 000 m is twenty-five thousand manat.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在 1993 年是什麼取代了俄羅斯盧布？
en: What replaced the Russian ruble in 1993?
answers: zh_tw: text: 馬納特
en: text: manat