zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
美洲
Americas

context: zh_tw: 美洲最北邊陸地是卡菲克盧本島，這也是全球最靠北的陸地。 最南邊的地方是南喬治亞島和南桑威奇群島，但這些島嶼也可以算入南極洲。 最東邊是格陵蘭島山的 Nordostrundingen，最西邊是阿圖島。
en: The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's western hemisphere. The northernmost point of the Americas is Kaffeklubben Island, which is the most northerly point of land on Earth. The southernmost point is the islands of Southern Thule, although they are sometimes considered part of Antarctica. The mainland of the Americas is the world's longest north-to-south landmass. The distance between its two polar extremities, the Boothia Peninsula in northern Canada and Cape Froward in Chilean Patagonia, is roughly 14,000 km (8,700 mi). The mainland's most westerly point is the end of the Seward Peninsula in Alaska; Attu Island, further off the Alaskan coast to the west, is considered the westernmost point of the Americas. Ponta do Seixas in northeastern Brazil forms the easternmost extremity of the mainland, while Nordostrundingen, in Greenland, is the most easterly point of the continental shelf.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這些島嶼有時被認為是哪洲的一部分？
en: What continent are the islands sometimes thought to be part of?
answers: zh_tw: text: 南極洲
en: text: Antarctica
年代學
Chronology

context: zh_tw: 年代學（英語：Chronology）是確定歷史事件發生時間的科學。根據發生時間順序從最早到最近或者相反的順序排列一系列事件的列表叫做年表（或者歷史年表），而這種記錄歷史的體裁叫做編年體。年代學不同於時間測定學（英語：Chronometry），後者是物理學和工程學的一支，而前者則隸屬於歷史學。
en: Chronology is the science of locating historical events in time. It relies upon chronometry, which is also known as timekeeping, and historiography, which examines the writing of history and the use of historical methods. Radiocarbon dating estimates the age of formerly living things by measuring the proportion of carbon-14 isotope in their carbon content. Dendrochronology estimates the age of trees by correlation of the various growth rings in their wood to known year-by-year reference sequences in the region to reflect year-to-year climatic variation. Dendrochronology is used in turn as a calibration reference for radiocarbon dating curves.
qas: question: zh_tw: 年代學旨在確定什麼？
en: What does Chronology aim to locate?
answers: zh_tw: text: 歷史事件發生時間
en: text: historical events in time
克勞斯・馮・施陶芬貝格

context: zh_tw: 克勞斯・馮・史陶芬柏格是阿佛烈伯爵（Alfred Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg）和卡洛琳伯爵夫人（Caroline Schenk Gräfin von Stauffenberg）的兒子，在四個孩子之中排行老三，史陶芬堡出生在位於耶廷根（Jettingen）的史陶芬堡城堡。它位於烏爾姆和奧格斯堡之間，在當時是巴伐利亞王國，德意志帝國的一部份。史陶芬堡的家庭是德國南部最古老和最有名的天主教貴族。在他母親的祖先有幾位新教知名的普魯士人，包括元帥奧古斯特・奈哈特・馮・格奈森瑙。
qas: question: zh_tw: 家庭是什麼宗教？
en: What religion is the family?
answers: zh_tw: text: 天主教

context: zh_tw: 史陶芬柏格在 1930 年以陸軍中尉階級任用。他在柏林 - 摩亞比（Berlin-Moabit）的軍校學習現代武器，雖學習到現代化的兵器，但是在整個二次大戰期間，還是絕大部份使用馬匹運輸。不久之後他納編於埃裡希・赫普納將軍德軍第一輕裝師旗下的一部份，埃裡希・赫普納將軍在 1938 年 9 月參與反抗德國政變的計劃。由於當時的慕尼黑協定，英法兩國同意希特勒取得講德語佔多數捷克斯洛伐克的蘇臺德地區領土以換取短暫的和平。因此德國取得意料外的勝利而打斷。協議中，規定德國軍隊進入蘇臺德地區。但是史陶芬貝格不喜歡強佔蘇臺德的方法，反對入侵布拉格。
qas: question: zh_tw: 喬治的軍隊變成了哪個團體的一部分？
en: George's regiment became part of which group?
answers: zh_tw: text: 德軍第一輕裝師

context: zh_tw: 之後史陶芬貝格和海夫頓快速離開，到了最近的機場飛回柏林，之後他和同謀者們立即開始第二階段行動 —— 發動軍事政變對抗納粹領導人。但隨著戈倍爾在廣播中宣佈希特勒沒有死，隨後希特勒本人出現在廣播裡，同謀者意識到政變失敗了。他們沿著本德勒館（Bendlerstrasse）的走廊前行，與鎮壓政變的奧托・恩斯特・雷莫等人發生槍戰，隨後被擒，在槍戰中史陶芬貝格肩部受傷。7 月 21 日史陶芬貝格被槍決。
qas: question: zh_tw: 政變結果怎樣？
en: What happened to the coup?
answers: zh_tw: text: 失敗
史努比狗狗
Snoop Dogg

context: zh_tw: 史努比狗狗在高中時，只是個混幫派的不良少年，畢業後，他因持有大麻被捕，並被判入獄 3 年。剛出獄的他，得到德瑞博士的賞識，音樂生涯起步於 1992 年，他的出道專輯《Doggystyle》於 1993 年面世，由 Death Row 唱片公司發行。《Doggystyle》獲得了四倍於白金的銷量，並催生了眾多打榜單曲，包括《What's My Name》和《Gin & Juice》。
en: Calvin Cordozar Broadus Jr. (born October 20, 1971), known professionally as Snoop Dogg, is an American rapper, singer, songwriter, producer, media personality, entrepreneur, and actor. His music career began in 1992 when he was discovered by Dr. Dre and featured on Dre's solo debut, "Deep Cover", and then on Dre's solo debut album, The Chronic. He has since sold over 23 million albums in the United States and 35 million albums worldwide.Snoop's debut album, Doggystyle, produced by Dr. Dre, was released in 1993 by Death Row Records. Bolstered by excitement driven by Snoop's featuring on The Chronic, the album debuted at number one on both the Billboard 200 and Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums charts. Selling almost a million copies in the first week of its release, Doggystyle became certified quadruple platinum in 1994 and spawned several hit singles, including "What's My Name?" and "Gin & Juice". In 1994 Snoop released a soundtrack on Death Row Records for the short film Murder Was the Case, starring himself. His second album, Tha Doggfather (1996), also debuted at number one on both charts, with "Snoop's Upside Ya Head" as the lead single. The album was certified double platinum in 1997.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰製作了史努普的首張專輯？
en: Who produced Snoop's debut album?
answers: zh_tw: text: 他的出道專輯《Doggystyle》於 1993 年面世，由 Death Row 唱片公司發行。
en: text: Dr. Dre
烏托邦
Utopia

context: zh_tw: 這個詞出於希臘語：οὐ，意為「不」，和 τόπος，意為「地方」；這個詞現在託寓那些不可能出現的理想社會和事物。英語中的同音詞 Eutopia（讀音：/juˈtoʊpiə/），來源於希臘語 εὖ，意為「好」，和 τόπος，意為「地方」，所以這個詞有雙重意義。但是在現代中 “烏托邦” 的定義一般是後者，即是 “完美的地方”，而不代表不存在。
en: The word comes from Greek: οὐ ("not") and τόπος ("place") and means "no-place" and strictly describes any non-existent society 'described in considerable detail'. However, in standard usage, the word's meaning has narrowed and now usually describes a non-existent society that is intended to be viewed as considerably better than contemporary society. Eutopia, derived from Greek εὖ ("good" or "well") and τόπος ("place"), means "good place" and is strictly speaking the correct term to describe a positive utopia. In English, eutopia and utopia are homophonous, which may have given rise to the change in meaning.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這個詞出於哪種語言？
en: What language does the word come from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 希臘語
en: text: Greek
鼓
Drum

context: zh_tw: 有些鼓的鼓身則是截角圓錐（邦哥鼓、阿希可鼓）或是二個接合的截角圓錐（如傳訊鼓）。中國、日本、韓國的鼓常常是中間略寬、上下略窄的圓柱體。
en: The shell almost always has a circular opening over which the drumhead is stretched, but the shape of the remainder of the shell varies widely. In the Western musical tradition, the most usual shape is a cylinder, although timpani, for example, use bowl-shaped shells. Other shapes include a frame design (tar, Bodhrán), truncated cones (bongo drums, Ashiko), goblet shaped (djembe), and joined truncated cones (talking drum).
qas: question: zh_tw: 傳訊股的另一個名字是什麼？
en: What is another term for a talking drum?
answers: zh_tw: text: 接合的截角圓錐
en: text: joined truncated cones
南果阿縣
South Goa district

context: zh_tw: 南果阿縣是印度果阿邦所轄的一個縣。該縣總面積 1,966 km² ，總人口 586,591 (2001 年)。行政中心位於馬爾高。該縣分為 3 區 5 個鄉。
en: South Goa is one of two districts that comprises the state of Goa in West India, within the region known as the Konkan. It is bounded by the district of North Goa to the north, the  Uttara Kannada district of Karnataka state to the east and south, while the Arabian Sea forms its western coast.
qas: question: zh_tw: 提到多少個區？
en: How many districts are mentioned?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2
en: text: two
五氧化二磷
Phosphorus pentoxide

context: zh_tw: 五氧化二磷（化學式：P2O5，分子式：P4O10），磷在空氣中燃燒生成的磷氧化物。它吸水性強、並有極強的脫水性，甚至可以將濃硫酸脫水，生成三氧化硫。極易潮解，是一種強力乾燥劑。它與冷水生成偏磷酸，與熱水主要生成正磷酸。
en: Phosphorus pentoxide is a chemical compound with molecular formula P4O10 (with its common name derived from its empirical formula, P2O5). This white crystalline solid is the anhydride of phosphoric acid. It is a powerful desiccant and dehydrating agent.
qas: question: zh_tw: 五氧化二磷有一個什麼特徵？
en: What is one characteristic of phosphorus pentoxide?
answers: zh_tw: text: 乾燥劑
en: text: desiccant and dehydrating agent
艾麗・高登
Ellie Goulding

context: zh_tw: 在 2014 年 12 月，她開始製作第三張專輯。2015 年初，發行了為電影安諾瑪麗莎演唱配樂，歌曲在 2 月 7 日上傳到 YouTube，比原定發行日期（2 月 15 日）早。 該歌曲取得成功，在英國單曲榜奪得第三名，並維持了二週。此外，該歌曲也出現在在澳大利亞、紐西蘭的榜單。在美國，該歌曲奪得第二十二名。
en: In November 2014, Goulding announced that she was focusing on a third studio album. In early 2015, Goulding released the song "Love Me like You Do", which was featured in the soundtrack to the film adaptation of the erotic romance novel Fifty Shades of Grey. The video was released to YouTube on 22 January, to precede an official release date of 15 February. The single has been a commercial success, spending four weeks at  No. 1 on the UK Singles Chart, topping the charts in many other nations including Australia, New Zealand, and Germany, and reaching  No. 3 on the US Billboard Hot 100. The single held the record for the most-streamed track in a single week in the United Kingdom (streamed 2.58 million times), and worldwide (streamed 15.5 million times). On 7 December 2015, "Love Me like You Do" earned Goulding a Grammy Award nomination for Best Pop Solo Performance. In the nominations for the 2016 Brit Awards announced on 14 January 2016, the song was among the nominees for British Single of the Year, and Best British Video. Goulding starred in the music video for Taylor Swift's song "Bad Blood", which was released in May 2015.Goulding appeared on the Major Lazer album Peace Is the Mission on the track "Powerful", alongside Tarrus Riley. The track was released together with the album on 1 June 2015. A preview of the single was revealed on 23 April 2015. Having finished recording new material on 27 July 2015, Goulding tweeted a link to an Instagram post of her leaving Abbey Road Studios captioned, "That's a wrap!". On 5 August 2015 at the iHeartRadio Music Summit, Interscope unveiled the title of Goulding's new single, "On My Mind". A preview of the new track was released online via Goulding's Facebook page on 15 September 2015, with a confirmed single release date of 17 September 2015. The following day, another video teaser was uploaded revealing the title and cover art for Goulding's third studio album, Delirium.
qas: question: zh_tw: 該影片什麼時候正式發行？
en: When was the video to be officially released?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2 月 15 日
en: text: 15 February
歐內斯特・海明威
Ernest Hemingway

context: zh_tw: 1899 年 7 月 21 日上午 8 時，海明威出生於美國伊利諾州芝加哥的奧克帕克。他生下來時體重即達 9 磅半，高 23 英寸，是新教徒克萊倫斯・愛德蒙茲・海明威和葛瑞絲・霍爾・海明威的第二個孩子，亦是第一個兒子。他有一位姊姊，名叫瑪西琳（Marceline）；大妹叫瑪德琳（Madelaine）；二妹叫珊妮（Sunny）；三妹叫娥蘇拉（Ursula）；四妹叫卡洛兒（Carol）；年紀最小的是萊徹斯特・克萊倫斯（Leicester Clarence），是海明威唯一的弟弟。在海明威 7 個月大時，他一家到了密西根瓦隆湖，在那裡建了一所農舍，並把其命名為溫德米爾（Windemere）—— 此名乃取自葛瑞絲的英國故居溫德米爾湖之名 —— 往後常常在夏天時到那裡度假。在到了瓦隆湖之後，海明威才受了洗。10 月 1 日是葛瑞絲結婚的三週年紀念日，在當天午前不久，海明威便在第一公理會教堂以歐內斯特・米勒・海明威之名受洗。他的名字乃襲自母系家族 —— 歐內斯特是他外祖父的名字，而米勒則是外叔祖－－一個寢具製造商－－的名字。海明威一家住在其外祖父歐內斯特・霍爾（Ernest Hall）所建的一所房子中，這房子共有六個臥室，是維多利亞式的房子。
en: Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21, 1899, in Oak Park, Illinois, a suburb of Chicago. His father, Clarence Edmonds Hemingway, was a physician, and his mother, Grace Hall Hemingway, was a musician. Both were well-educated and well-respected in Oak Park, a conservative community about which resident  Frank Lloyd Wright said, "So many churches for so many good people to go to." For a short period after their marriage, Clarence and Grace Hemingway lived with Grace's father, Ernest Hall, their first son's namesake. Later, Ernest Hemingway would say that he disliked his name, which he "associated with the naive, even foolish hero of Oscar Wilde's play The Importance of Being Earnest". The family eventually moved into a  seven-bedroom home in a respectable neighborhood with a music studio for Grace and a medical office for Clarence.Hemingway's mother frequently performed in concerts around the village. As an adult, Hemingway professed to hate his mother, although biographer Michael S. Reynolds points out that Hemingway mirrored her energy and enthusiasm. Her insistence that he learn to play the cello became a "source of conflict", but he later admitted the music lessons were useful to his writing, as is evident in the "contrapuntal structure" of For Whom the Bell Tolls. The family spent summers at Windemere on Walloon Lake, near Petoskey, Michigan. Hemingway's father taught him to hunt, fish, and camp in the woods and lakes of Northern Michigan as a young boy. These early experiences in nature instilled a passion for outdoor adventure and living in remote or isolated areas.
qas: question: zh_tw: 海明威在哪年出生？
en: What year was Hemingway born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1899
en: text: 1899
自然哲學的數學原理
Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica

context: zh_tw: 該書的宗旨在於從各種運動現象探究自然力，再用這些力說明各種自然現象。牛頓在書中首次提出牛頓運動定律，奠定了經典力學的基礎。牛頓也是在此書中首次發表了萬有引力定律，還給出了開普勒行星運動定律的一個理論推導（開普勒最早給出的只是經驗公式）。《自然哲學的數學原理》被認為是 “科學史上最重要的論著之一”。1747 年法國數學家、物理學家亞歷克西斯・克勞德・克萊羅稱 “《自然哲學的數學原理》標誌著一個物理學革命的新紀元。偉大的作者牛頓爵士在書中採用的方法…… 使數學的光輝照亮了籠罩在假設與猜想的黑暗中的科學。” 雖然牛頓的思想在當時沒有立即被接受，在它出版一個世紀後，“沒人可以否認（從《自然哲學的數學原理》中）誕生了一門新的學科，這門學科（至少在特定方面）遠遠超越了它之前的一切事物，成為科學規範的最佳典範。” 牛頓在書中使用的一些數學方法與現代的微積分有較大不同，反而似乎是刻意迴避使用。牛頓更偏重透過繪製圖形的方法來證明，多采用透過消去高階無窮小量取極限的幾何證法。不過，在《原理》中也不是完全看不到微積分的影子。在有的部分還是能夠清楚地看出運用了微積分，不過牛頓稱其為 “流數”
en: The French mathematical physicist Alexis Clairaut assessed it in 1747: "The famous book of Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy marked the epoch of a great revolution in physics. The method followed by its illustrious author Sir Newton ... spread the light of mathematics on a science which up to then had remained in the darkness of conjectures and hypotheses."A more recent assessment has been that while acceptance of Newton's theories was not immediate, by the end of a century after publication in 1687, "no one could deny that" (out of the Principia) "a science had emerged that, at least in certain respects, so far exceeded anything that had ever gone before that it stood alone as the ultimate exemplar of science generally."In formulating his physical theories, Newton developed and used mathematical methods now included in the field of calculus. But the language of calculus as we know it was largely absent from the Principia; Newton gave many of his proofs in a geometric form of infinitesimal calculus, based on limits of ratios of vanishing small geometric quantities. In a revised conclusion to the Principia (see General Scholium), Newton used his expression that became famous, Hypotheses non fingo ("I feign no hypotheses").
qas: question: zh_tw: 這人是哪國國籍？
en: What was the nationality of this individual?
answers: zh_tw: text: 法國
en: text: French
古巴總統
President of Cuba

context: zh_tw: 古巴總統（西班牙語：Presidente de Cuba）是古巴從 1902 年至 1976 年的國家元首職稱，目前已經廢除，被國務委員會主席一職取代。1902 年古巴從美國獨立，實行總統制，埃斯特拉達・帕爾馬為首任總統。1959 年菲德爾・卡斯特羅領導的古巴革命推翻親美獨裁總統富爾亨西奧・巴蒂斯塔，建立社會主義國家，卡斯特羅出任古巴總理掌握實權，奧斯瓦爾多・托拉多出任名義上的總統。1976 年古巴仿效同屬共產主義陣營的華沙公約國家制度，廢除總統職務，改設全國人民政權代表大會的常設機關國務委員會作為國家元首機關，國務委員會主席為集體元首代表。同時總理職務也仿效蘇聯，改稱部長會議主席。
en: The President of the Republic of Cuba (Spanish: Presidente de la República de Cuba), officially called President of the Council of State (Spanish: Presidente del Consejo de Estado de Cuba) between 1976 and 2019, is the head of the Council of State of Cuba. The office in its current form was established under the Constitution of 2019. The president is the second most powerful position, after the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba.Under the 1901 constitution, Cuba had a presidential system based on that of the United States.
qas: question: zh_tw: 古巴總統的正式頭銜是什麼？
en: What is the Cuban's official title for President?
answers: zh_tw: text: Cuba）是古巴從 1902 年至 1976 年的國家元首職稱，目前已經廢除，被國務委員會主席一職取代。
en: text: President of the Council of State
姬拉・麗莉
Keira Knightley

context: zh_tw: 姬拉・麗莉於英格蘭大倫敦泰晤士河畔列治文區特丁頓密德塞克斯出生。其母親是蘇格蘭劇作家莎文・麥當勞，其父為英格蘭電影及電視演員偉・來利，二人還有一名長子，於 1979 年出生的 Caleb。姬拉半生在里奇蒙度過，上特丁頓學校和 Esher College。雖然姬拉患了失讀症，但在學校取得優良成績，使其父母同意其演藝事業。姬拉曾回憶說她孩童時期「專心致志地演出」。她在數個業餘電影中演出，包括由其母親寫作的「After Juliet」和由後來成為她戲劇老師的 John McShane 寫作的「United States (play)」。
en: Keira Christina Knightley was born on 26 March 1985, in Teddington, London, to theatre actors Sharman Macdonald and Will Knightley. Her mother is of Scottish and Welsh descent, while her father is English. She was meant to be named "Kiera", the Anglicized form of "Kira", a name influenced by the Russian ice skater, Kira Ivanova, whom her father admired. However, Macdonald misspelled the name when she went to register her daughter, writing the "e" before the "i". Knightley has an elder brother, Caleb. Macdonald also worked as a playwright after her career as an actress came to an end. She introduced her children to theatre and ballet at an early age. This furthered Knightley's interest in acting, and she requested an agent at the age of three.Knightley attended Teddington School. At the age of six, she was diagnosed with dyslexia but by the time she was eleven, with her parents' support and much tuition, Knightley said: "they deemed me to have got over it sufficiently". She is still a slow reader and cannot read out loud. Knightley has noted that she was "single-minded about acting" during her childhood. At the age of three, Knightley expressed the desire for an agent like her parents', she eventually got one at age six. This led to her taking a number of small parts in TV dramas throughout her childhood. While growing up, Knightley performed in a number of local amateur productions, which included After Juliet, written by her mother, and United States, written by her drama teacher. She focused on art, history, and English literature while studying at the Esher College, but left after a year to pursue an acting career.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在整個孩童時期，奈特莉專注於什麼？
en: What was Knightly focused on throughout her childhood?
answers: zh_tw: text: 演出
en: text: acting
娜塔莉・波特曼

context: zh_tw: 波曼自四歲起開始學舞，並在當地舞團裡表演。十歲時，波曼受一位露華濃公司經紀人之邀擔任兒童模特兒，但她婉拒了，決定全心投入表演。在一次雜誌訪談中，波曼表示她「…… 和其他小孩很不一樣。我比較有野心，我知道我喜歡什麼、想要什麼，所以我很努力。我是個很穩重、認真的孩子。」波曼將學校假期的空閒時間用於參加戲劇營。她十歲時參加了戲劇《殘忍！》（暫譯，Ruthless!，描述一個女孩為奪取校內戲劇主角的角色，而籌備了一場謀殺案）的面試，並被選為蘿拉・貝爾・邦迪的替角。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪兩字最確切描述波曼的工作？
en: Which two words best describe the extent to which Portman worked?
answers: zh_tw: text: 努力

context: zh_tw: 1990 年代中期，波曼接連演出了《烈火悍將》、《大家都說我愛你》及《星戰毀滅者》等片，也在電影《美麗佳人》中擔任主角。她原是戲劇《羅密歐與茱麗葉》中茱麗葉一角的演員首選，但後來製作人認為她的年紀與劇中不合。1997 年，波曼演出了百老匯改編的《安妮日記》，飾演安妮・法蘭克。她起初因電影《管到太平洋》中有全裸戲而推辭了的邀約，但在導演王穎與演員蘇珊・莎蘭登要求修改劇情後，加入了該片的演出陣容。該片於 1999 年末上映，波曼以片中安・奧格斯特一角獲得金球獎最佳女配角提名。雜誌《沙龍》的評論家瑪莉・伊莉莎白稱波曼令人「大為驚奇」，並形容她「不像任何一位同齡女演員，她既不會太脆弱、也不過於剛毅。」1990 年代晚期，波曼主演了《星際大戰前傳三部曲》中帕德梅・艾米達拉一角。《星際大戰首部曲：威脅潛伏》於 1999 年初上映。波曼隨後與《女孩第一名》劇組簽約，在片中領銜演出堅毅的年輕媽媽。
qas: question: zh_tw: 《幽靈的威脅》何時在影院上映？
en: When did Phantom menace open at the box office?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1999 年末

context: zh_tw: 在完成拍攝《女孩第一名》後，波曼搬進了哈佛大學宿舍，專心攻讀心理學學士。在 1999 年的一次訪問中，她表示除了《星際大戰》系列外，接下來的四年她要全神貫注於學業、不會接拍任何電影。在 2000 年 6 月至 9 月的暑假期間，波曼在雪梨拍攝《星際大戰二部曲：複製人全面進攻》，並於倫敦進行周邊製作。2001 年 7 月，波曼加入了麥克・尼克斯導演、紐約公共劇院製作的契訶夫的戲劇《海鷗》，在其中飾演妮娜一角，與梅莉・史翠普、凱文・克萊恩、菲利普・西摩・霍夫曼等人同臺對戲。該戲劇於中央公園的戴拉寇特劇院開幕演出。同年，波曼與眾多明星一同於電影《名模大間諜》中客串演出。波曼也在電影《冷山》中與裘德・洛及妮可・基嫚同臺，扮演小角色
qas: question: zh_tw: 娜塔莉・波特曼為什麼決定四年不做演戲？
en: Why did Natalie Portman decide not to act for four years?
answers: zh_tw: text: 專心攻讀
加勒比海盜系列電影
Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)

context: zh_tw: 1990 年代初，劇作家特里・魯西奧和泰德・艾略特產生了根據迪士尼樂園的加勒比海盜景點撰寫一部電影劇本的構想。迪士尼一開始請傑・沃爾伯特根據景點編寫了一個劇本，但被製片人傑瑞・布魯克海默拒絕了，因為他覺得這就是 “一部平凡的海盜電影”。他於 2002 年 3 月找來對海盜有所瞭解的斯圖爾特・貝亞蒂耶重寫劇本，並在當月晚些時候請來了魯西奧和艾略特。而魯西奧和艾略特則因受到加勒比海盜主題公園開幕解說的啟發，決定為影片中增加超自然元素內容。由於預算的上漲，邁克爾・埃斯納和羅伯特・艾格爾一度威脅要取消這部電影，不過在布魯克海默向他們展示了樣片和電影的藝術概念後他們改變了主意。
en: In the early 1990s screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio conceived a supernatural spin on the pirate genre after completing work on Aladdin, but there was no interest from any studio. Undeterred, the writing team refused to give up the dream, waiting for a studio to pick up their take on a pirate tale. Disney had Jay Wolpert write a script based on the Pirates of the Caribbean, which producer Jerry Bruckheimer rejected, feeling it was "a straight pirate movie". Bruckheimer brought Stuart Beattie in to rewrite the script in March 2002, due to his knowledge of piracy, and later that month Elliott and Rossio were brought in. Elliott and Rossio, inspired by the opening narration of the Pirates of the Caribbean ride, decided to give the film a supernatural edge. As the budget rose, Michael Eisner and Robert Iger threatened to cancel the film, though Bruckheimer changed their minds when he showed them concept art and animatics.In June 2002 Gore Verbinski signed on to direct The Curse of the Black Pearl, and Johnny Depp and Geoffrey Rush signed on the following month to star. Verbinski was attracted to the idea of using modern technology to resurrect a genre, one that had disappeared after the Golden Age of Hollywood, and recalled his childhood memories of the ride, feeling the film was an opportunity to pay tribute to the "scary and funny" tone of it. Depp was attracted to the story as he found it quirky: rather than trying to find treasure, the crew of the Black Pearl were trying to return it in order to lift their curse; also, the traditional mutiny had already taken place. Verbinski approached Rush for the role of Barbossa, as he knew he would not play it with attempts at complexity, but with a simple villainy that would suit the story's tone. Orlando Bloom read the script after Rush, with whom he was working on Ned Kelly, suggested it to him. Keira Knightley came as a surprise to Verbinski: he had not seen her performance in Bend It Like Beckham and was impressed by her audition. Tom Wilkinson was negotiated with to play Governor Swann, but the role went to Jonathan Pryce, whom Depp idolized.Shooting for The Curse of the Black Pearl began on October 9, 2002 and wrapped by March 7, 2003. Before its release, many executives and journalists had expected the film to flop, as the pirate genre had not been successful for years, the film was based on a theme-park ride, and Depp rarely made a big film. However, The Curse of the Black Pearl became both a critical and commercial success.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他們想為影片增加什麼內容？
en: What did they want to give the film?
answers: zh_tw: text: 超自然元素
en: text: a supernatural edge
民族語
Ethnologue

context: zh_tw: 民族語由德克薩斯州達拉斯的基督教語言學研究機構 SIL 國際出版。SIL 國際是一個幫助眾多小語種發展，並與他們母語使用社群一起將聖經翻譯為自己語言的組織。如何認定為一種語言由社會語言學來評估。正如其序言所說：“並不是所有學者都採用同一種標準來判定何種情況該建立‘語言’，何種情況又該認定為‘方言’。” 民族語採用了通用的語言學標準，這一標準主要建立在相互理解性的基礎之上。分享語言的可理解性特徵是複雜的，通常包含了專家承認的語源學和語法跡象在為每種語言選擇一個主要的名稱之餘，民族語也同時紀錄了它們的使用者、政府、鄰國，以及其他族群等為該語言的稱呼，以及這些名稱是如何被命名、歷史淵源等資料，無論該稱呼是否符合政治正確性或是對何者有冒犯。可惜的是這些「別名」的紀錄雖然夠廣，但仍常常不是完整的資訊。
en: Ethnologue has been published by SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization with an international office in Dallas, Texas.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這一出版商之前被稱做什麼？
en: What was the publisher formerly know as?
answers: zh_tw: text: SIL 國際
en: text: Summer Institute of Linguistics
古吉拉特邦
Gujarat

context: zh_tw: 古吉拉特邦是古希臘人所熟知的，在歐洲中世紀末期，在其他西方文明中心也很出名。 古吉拉特邦 2000 年海事史上最古老的書面記錄記錄在一本希臘書 “厄立特利亞海航行記：第一世紀商人印度洋的旅遊貿易” 中。立法機構為 182 人組成的邦議會。邦內有飛機場及 6 所大學。
en: The Kshatrapa dynasty was replaced by the Gupta Empire with the conquest of Gujarat by Chandragupta Vikramaditya. Vikramaditya's successor Skandagupta left an inscription (AD 450) on a rock at Junagadh which gives details of the governor's repairs to the embankment surrounding Sudarshan lake after it was damaged by floods. The Anarta and Saurashtra regions were both parts of the Gupta empire. Towards the middle of the 5th century, the Gupta empire went into decline. Senapati Bhatarka, the Maitraka general of the Guptas, took advantage of the situation and in 470 he set up what came to be known as the Maitraka state. He shifted his capital from Giringer to Valabhipur, near Bhavnagar, on Saurashtra's east coast. The Maitrakas of Vallabhi became very powerful with their rule prevailing over large parts of Gujarat and adjoining Malwa. A university was set up by the Maitrakas, which came to be known far and wide for its scholastic pursuits and was compared with the noted Nalanda University. It was during the rule of Dhruvasena Maitrak that Chinese philosopher-traveler Xuanzang/ I Tsing visited in 640 along the Silk Road.Gujarat was known to the ancient Greeks and was familiar with other Western centers of civilization through the end of the European Middle Ages. The oldest written record of Gujarat's 2,000-year maritime history is documented in a Greek book titled The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: Travel and Trade in the Indian Ocean by a Merchant of the First Century.
qas: question: zh_tw: 記錄古吉拉特邦的書書名是什麼？
en: What is the title of the book that documents Gurajat's history?
answers: zh_tw: text: 厄立特利亞海航行記：第一世紀商人印度洋的旅遊貿易
en: text: The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea: Travel and Trade in the Indian Ocean by a Merchant of the First Century
長髮姑娘
Rapunzel

context: zh_tw: 故事中，巫婆被稱作 Mother Gothel，是德文中教母常見的稱呼，意指過度保護的父母。對於長髮姑娘的母親，由於當時民間的觀念認為拒絕孕婦所渴望的食物是危險的事，所以家庭成員多會盡力來滿足這種需求。這種需求通常表示對維他命攝取的需求。
en: The seemingly uneven bargain with which "Rapunzel" opens is a common trope in fairy tales which is replicated in "Jack and the Beanstalk", Jack trades a cow for beans, and in "Beauty and the Beast", Beauty comes to the Beast in return for a rose. Folkloric beliefs often regarded it as quite dangerous to deny a pregnant woman any food she craved.  Family members would often go to great lengths to secure such cravings.  Such desires for lettuce and like vegetables may indicate a need on her part for vitamins.An influence on Grimm's Rapunzel was Petrosinella or Parsley, written by Giambattista Basile in his collection of fairy tales in 1634, Lo cunto de li cunti (The Story of Stories), or Pentamerone. This tells a similar tale of a pregnant woman desiring some parsley from the garden of an ogress, getting caught, and having to promise the ogress her baby.  The encounters between the prince and the maiden in the tower are described in quite bawdy language. A similar story was published in France by Mademoiselle de la Force, called "Persinette". As Rapunzel did in the first edition of the Brothers Grimm, Persinette becomes pregnant during the course of the prince's visits.
qas: question: zh_tw: 民間觀念認為，不滿足什麼樣女人的需求是一件危險的事？
en: What kind of woman did folkloric beliefs believe to be a danger to not try to satisfy?
answers: zh_tw: text: 孕婦
en: text: a pregnant woman
全國委員會 (不丹)
National Council (Bhutan)

context: zh_tw: 全國委員會是不丹國會中的上議會，不丹國會還包括不丹國王和不丹國民議會。不丹全國委員會是從屬的議會，不能發行貨幣或透過與預算相關的法案。除了制定與審查不丹法律之外，全國委員會是擔任審查影響不丹的安全、主權與利益，需要提請通知不丹國王、不丹首相與不丹國民議會的事務。全國委員會中的 20 位成員是從在 2007 年 12 月 31 日及 2008 年 1 月 29 日的首屆選舉中選出。
en: Similar to the Rajya Sabha of neighbouring India and the upper houses of other bicameral Westminster-style parliaments, it cannot author monetary or budget-related bills. Besides creating and reviewing Bhutanese legislation, the National Council acts as the house of review on matters affecting the security, sovereignty, or interests of Bhutan that need to be brought to the notice of the Druk Gyalpo, the Prime Minister and the National Assembly. Twenty members of the first Council were elected in the first ever elections for the Council held on December 31, 2007 and January 29, 2008.
qas: question: zh_tw: 不丹首屆全國委員會選舉中，選出了多少成員？
en: How many members were elected to the first National Council of Bhutan?
answers: zh_tw: text: 20
en: text: Twenty

context: zh_tw: 第一屆全國委員會的成員大致上都很年輕，大部分都低於 40 歲。根據報導這是因為只有持有學位的人可以成為候選人，而在不丹近現代出生的人較容易獲得正式教育。
en: The members of the first National Council were generally young, many of them aged below 40. This is reportedly because only persons holding a degree were allowed to be candidates, and that access to formal education is relatively recent in Bhutan.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第一屆全國理事會成員的一般年齡範圍是什麼？？
en: What was the general age range of the members of the first National Council?
answers: zh_tw: text: 低於 40 歲
en: text: below 40
不丹國會
Parliament of Bhutan

context: zh_tw: 在國會眾多的權力中，首要的是透過法案。除了國民議會不能稽核預算或財政議案外，國家會議、國民議會或總檢察長均可提交議案供國會透過，成為法案。法律必須透過國家會議和國民議會，有時會兩個議會同座審議法案。但是，如果在該屆常會前仍未能就法案作出投票，該法案便有可能會自動過通。當議案被其中一院透過，它必須於 30 日內在另一院提出，而提出可於下一屆常會中提出。在預算案和緊急議案出現時，法案必須在同一屆常會中透過。法案可以最後被國王否決或修改，但是此後國王必須同意上下議院同座透過的已修改法案。
en: Foremost among the powers and duties of Parliament is the passing of bills. Either the upper house National Council, the lower house National Assembly, or the Attorney General may author bills to be passed as acts, with the exception of money and financial bills, which are the sole purview of the National Assembly. Legislation must be presented bicamerally, at times in joint sittings of the National Council and National Assembly, however bills may pass by default without vote when none is conducted before the close of the present session. When a bill has been introduced and passed by one house, it must present the bill to the other house within thirty days from the date of passing, and the bill may be passed during the next session of Parliament. In the case of budget bills and urgent matters, a bill must be passed in the same session of Parliament. Bills are ultimately subject to veto and modification by the King, however the King must assent to bills resubmitted after joint sitting and deliberation by the National Council and National Assembly.
qas: question: zh_tw: 一項法案通過後多少天內必須呈交給令一議院？
en: Within how many days after a bill is passed does it have to be presented to the other house?
answers: zh_tw: text: 30 日內
en: text: within thirty days
布如里氏潰瘍

context: zh_tw: 布如里氏潰瘍（Buruli ulcer），又稱為班茲達潰瘍（Bairnsdale ulcer）、塞爾氏潰瘍（Searl's ulcer）、丹特里潰瘍（Daintree ulcer），為一種由潰瘍分枝桿菌造成的傳染性疾病。感染早期以無痛性結節或區域性水腫為特徵。結節會發展成潰瘍，而潰瘍內部可能比皮膚表面來的大，且周圍會水腫。當疾病惡化時，骨頭可能會受侵犯。布如里氏潰瘍通常在手臂及腿，但發燒症狀並不常見。
qas: question: zh_tw: 身體哪部位有受感染的風險？
en: Which body parts are in  danger of being infected?
answers: zh_tw: text: 骨頭

context: zh_tw: 潰瘍分枝桿菌會釋放環內脂類毒素（mycolactone），可造成免疫功能下降，並導致組織壞死。分枝桿菌科中的結核桿菌及痲瘋桿菌分別會造成結核病及痲瘋。布如里氏潰瘍如何傳播仍未知，而水源可能為傳染途徑。截至 2013 年為止尚無有效疫苗。
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼樣的毒素會導致潰瘍組織壞死？
en: What type of toxin causes tissue death in ulcers?
answers: zh_tw: text: 環內脂類毒素（mycolactone）
黑色素瘤
Melanoma

context: zh_tw: 黑色素瘤是皮膚癌當中最危險的一種，其惡性程度高，是皮膚癌的主要死亡原因之一。而且放射治療與化學治療改善程度都很有限，因此死亡率很高，若能早期診斷治療可以提高治癒率。2012 年全球有 232,000 人罹患黑色素瘤，並造成 55,000 人死亡。澳洲和紐西蘭的黑色素瘤發生率為全球最高。歐洲和北美洲也有高發生率，但在亞洲、非洲和拉丁美洲，發生率則較低。在臺灣則佔了皮膚癌當中 7% 左右。男性得病的比例高於女性。1960 年代以來，黑色素瘤在以白人為主的區域變得越來越常見。
en: Globally, in 2012, melanoma occurred in 232,000 people and resulted in 55,000 deaths. Australia and New Zealand have the highest rates of melanoma in the world. It has become more common in the last 20 years in areas that are mostly Caucasian.The rate of melanoma has increased in the recent years, but it is not clear to what extent changes in behavior, in the environment, or in early detection are involved.
qas: question: zh_tw: 世界上哪個國家的黑色素瘤發生率最高？
en: In what countries is the rate of melanoma the highest?
answers: zh_tw: text: 澳洲和紐西蘭
en: text: Australia and New Zealand
密碼學

context: zh_tw: 二十世紀早期的密碼學本質上主要考慮語言學上的模式。從此之後重心轉移，現在密碼學使用大量的數學，包括資訊理論、計算複雜性理論、統計學、組合學、抽象代數以及數論。密碼學同時也是工程學的分支，但卻是與別不同，因為它必須面對有智慧且惡意的對手，大部分其他的工程僅需處理無惡意的自然力量。檢視密碼學問題與量子物理間的關連也是目前熱門的研究。
qas: question: zh_tw: 自那以後發生了什麼轉移呢？
en: what shifted since then??
answers: zh_tw: text: 重心

context: zh_tw: 大量的公開學術研究出現，是現代的事，這起源於一九七零年代中期，美國國家標準局（National Bureau of Standards, NBS；現稱國家標準技術研究所，National, NIST）制定數位加密標準（DES），惠特菲爾德・迪菲和 Hellman 提出的開創性論文，以及公開釋出 RSA。從那個時期開始，密碼學成為通訊、電腦網路、電腦安全等上的重要工具。許多現代的密碼技術的基礎依賴於特定計算問題的困難度，例如因數分解問題或是離散對數問題。許多密碼技術可被證明為只要特定的計算問題無法被有效的解出，那就安全。除了一個著名的例外：一次性密碼本（one-time pad，OTP），這類證明是偶然的而非決定性的，但是是目前可用的最好的方式。
qas: question: zh_tw: 說出一種密碼學被作為工具使用的途徑？
en: Name one way cryptography is used as a tool?
answers: zh_tw: text: 通訊
威廉王子與凱特・米德爾頓的婚禮
Wedding of Prince William and Catherine Middleton

context: zh_tw: 1 月 5 日，聖詹姆士宮宣佈儀式將於 11 點開始，米德爾頓將會乘坐轎車而不是馬車（皇家新娘傳統的交通工具）。計劃路線沿林蔭路、過騎兵巡遊、白廳到達教堂。儀式後，新人夫婦將會搭乘馬車沿相同路線返回白金漢宮，參加女王舉行的招待會。威爾士親王將會在傍晚舉行私人晚宴。婚禮還打破了皇家傳統，新郎將會請他的弟弟哈利王子做伴郎，新娘選擇她的妹妹，皮帕・米德爾頓作為伴娘。新人還有四位花女和兩名花童：
en: In a break with royal tradition, the groom had a best man—his brother, Prince Harry—rather than a supporter, while the bride chose her sister, Pippa, as maid of honour. There were four bridesmaids and two page boys: Lady Louise Windsor, the seven-year-old daughter of the Earl and Countess of Wessex; Margarita Armstrong-Jones, the eight-year-old daughter of Viscount and Viscountess Linley; Grace van Cutsem, the three-year-old daughter of the couple's friend, Hugh van Cutsem; Eliza Lopes, the three-year-old granddaughter of the Duchess of Cornwall; William Lowther-Pinkerton, the ten-year-old son of William's private secretary, Major Jamie Lowther-Pinkerton; and Tom Pettifer, the eight-year-old son of Princes William and Harry's former nanny, "Tiggy" Pettifer.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是伴郎？
en: who was the best man?
answers: zh_tw: text: 哈利王子
en: text: Prince Harry
八千米以上山峰列表
Eight-thousander

context: zh_tw: 八千米高山是指地球上十四座高度超過海拔 8,000 米（26,427 英尺）的獨立山峰，它們全部位於亞洲的喜馬拉雅山脈和喀喇崑崙山脈。
en: The International Mountaineering and Climbing Federation or UIAA recognise eight-thousanders as the 14 mountains that are more than 8,000 metres (26,247 ft) in height above sea level, and are considered to be sufficiently independent from neighbouring peaks.  However, there is no precise definition of the criteria used to assess independence, and since 2012 the UIAA has been involved in a process to consider whether the list should be expanded to 20 mountains.  All eight-thousanders are located in the Himalayan and Karakoram mountain ranges in Asia, and their summits are in the death zone.
qas: question: zh_tw: 多少座超過 8000 米的山峰獲得 UIAA 認可？
en: How many mountains above 8000 meters are recognized by UIAA?
answers: zh_tw: text: 十四
en: text: 14
龍格－庫塔法
Runge–Kutta methods

context: zh_tw: 要給定一個特定的方法，必須提供整數 s（級數），以及係數 aij（對於 1 ≤ j < i ≤ s）, bi（對於 i = 1, 2, ..., s）和 ci（對於 i = 2, 3, ..., s）。這些資料通常排列在一個助記工具中，稱為 Butcher tableau（得名自 John C. Butcher）：
en: (Note: the above equations may have different but equivalent definitions in some texts).To specify a particular method, one needs to provide the integer s (the number of stages), and the coefficients aij (for 1 ≤ j < i ≤ s), bi (for i = 1, 2, ..., s) and ci (for i = 2, 3, ..., s). The matrix [aij] is called the Runge–Kutta matrix, while the bi and ci are known as the weights and the nodes. These data are usually arranged in a mnemonic device, known as a Butcher tableau (after John C. Butcher):
qas: question: zh_tw: 以誰的名字命名的 Butcher tableau？
en: Who is the Butcher tableau named after?
answers: zh_tw: text: 稱為 Butcher tableau（得名自 John C. Butcher）
en: text: John C. Butcher
薩爾茨堡
Salzburg

context: zh_tw: 1617 年薩爾茨堡建立了一所中學，它在 1622 年被改制成薩爾茨堡大學，設立神學和哲學系，薩爾茨堡大學的成立是總主教反宗教改革的一個重要舉措，也大大改善了牧師的教育程度。作曲家莫扎特 1756 年出生在薩爾茨堡，1769 年至 1781 年為總主教效力。1772 年至 1803 年總主教 Hieronymus von Colloredo 執政時期，薩爾茨堡成為啟蒙運動的中心，教育體系以奧地利作為模板進行了改革，薩爾茨堡吸引了不計其數的學者和藝術家。
en: In 1772–1803, under archbishop Hieronymus Graf von Colloredo, Salzburg was a centre of late Illuminism.
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼時候光照時代結束了？
en: When was the end of the era of Illuminism?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1772 年至 1803 年總主教 Hieronymus von Colloredo 執政時期
en: text: 1803
RFC
Request for Comments

context: zh_tw: 在 RFC 誕生之時，網際網路還不存在，只有 4 大研究中心的 4 臺計算機連線成的原始網路：加州大學洛杉磯分校，斯坦福研究所，加州大學聖塔芭芭拉分校，和鹽湖城的猶他大學。最初的 RFC 作者使用打字機撰寫文件，並在美國國防部國防前沿研究專案署（ARPA）研究成員之間傳閱。1969 年 12 月，他們開始透過 ARPANET 途徑來發布新的 RFC 文件。第一份在 1969 年 4 月 7 日公開發表的 RFC 1。當初克羅克為了避免打擾他的室友，是在浴室裡完成這篇文件的。
en: In December 1969, researchers began distributing new RFCs via the newly operational ARPANET. RFC 1, entitled "Host Software", was written by Steve Crocker of the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), and published on April 7, 1969. Although written by Steve Crocker, the RFC emerged from an early working group discussion between Steve Crocker, Steve Carr and Jeff Rulifson.
qas: question: zh_tw: 如何釋出新的 RFC 文件？
en: How were the new RFCs distributed?
answers: zh_tw: text: 透過 ARPANET
en: text: operational ARPANET
對乙醯氨基酚

context: zh_tw: 對乙醯氨基酚（英語：Acetaminophen），又稱乙醯胺酚或撲熱息痛（Paracetamol），簡稱 APAP。是一種廣泛使用的非處方止痛及退燒藥。可用於緩解輕度至中度的疼痛，本品對於孩童的退燒效果仍未有決定性結論。本品常與多種感冒藥合併使用。也可與鴉片類藥物合用以緩解重度疼痛、腫瘤痛，或術後疼痛。本品可經口服、肛門，或靜脈注射給藥。效用可維持 2 至 4 小時。
qas: question: zh_tw: 對乙醯氨基酚和乙醯胺酚共享的一個特殊化學名稱是什麼？
en: What is the unique chemical name paracetamol and acetaminophen share?
answers: zh_tw: text: APAP

context: zh_tw: 1956 年，葛蘭素史克（GSK） 500 毫克一片的對乙醯氨基酚藥片在英國境內上市銷售，商品名 Panadol。1963 年，對乙醯氨基酚列入英國藥典，並因其較小的副作用和與其它藥物的相互作用而流行開來。
qas: question: zh_tw: 對乙醯氨基酚什麼時候被列入英國藥典？
en: When was paracetamol included in the British Pharmacopoeia?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1963
邦喬飛

context: zh_tw: 1982 年中期，離開學校而業餘時間在女鞋商店工作的瓊在能量電臺（Power Station Studios）－－他的表弟託尼・邦喬飛在曼哈頓與別人合夥經營的一間錄音工作室－－得到了一份工作，他製作了一些樣本唱片（包括由比利斯・奎爾製作的一首歌）並寄給許多唱片公司，但是都石沉大海。
qas: question: zh_tw: 喬恩・邦喬飛的表弟叫什麼名字？
en: What is Jon Bon Jovi's cousin's name?
answers: zh_tw: text: Studios）－－他的表弟託尼・邦喬飛在曼哈頓與別人合夥經營的一間錄音工作室－－得到了一份工作，他製作了一些樣本唱片（包括由比利斯・奎爾製作的一首歌）並寄給許多唱片公司，但是都石沉大海。

context: zh_tw: 主音吉他是瓊的鄰居戴夫・薩博（又名小蛇），正是他在以後組建了史奇洛樂隊。而他的位置被瑞奇・山伯拉所取代。在加入樂隊以前，瑞奇和喬・庫克在一起巡演，和一個叫仁慈（Mercy）的樂隊一起演奏，還曾為 Kiss 合唱團樂隊試音。他後來還在訊息樂隊（Message）的《教訓》（Lessons）專輯裡參與演奏，島嶼唱片公司在 1995 年發行了這張 CD。原本被貼上了齊柏林飛船的天鵝頌唱片公司標籤，儘管這張專輯從來沒發行。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪一個唱片公司重新發行了瑞奇・山波拉的專輯《教訓》？
en: Which Record company re-released Richie Sambora's album Lessons?
answers: zh_tw: text: 島嶼唱片公司

context: zh_tw: 離開了他和瓊創立的樂隊去學醫。在大學裡面他意識到自己全心追求的是音樂，然後他考上了紐約的音樂學校朱利亞德學院。當瓊召集他的朋友說他要組建一支樂隊還可能要做一張專輯時，布萊恩追隨了瓊，並放棄了他的學業。
qas: question: zh_tw: 當大衛・布萊恩離開他和邦・喬飛創立的樂隊，他計劃去做什麼？
en: What was David Bryan planning on doing when he quit the band he had started with Bon Jovi?
answers: zh_tw: text: 學醫
妊娠劇吐
Hyperemesis gravidarum

context: zh_tw: 造成妊娠劇吐的原因尚未確定，但已知的危險因子有初次懷孕、多胞胎、肥胖症、妊娠滋養層細胞疾病、進食障礙病史，或是先前曾發生或有妊娠劇吐的家族病史。本病通常根據其症狀確診。妊娠劇吐已經在實務上被定義為每日嘔吐超過三次、體重下降百分之五或三公斤、及在尿液中出現酮類。確診前應排除泌尿道感染與甲狀腺功能亢進等可能造成相似症狀的疾病。
en: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a pregnancy complication that is characterized by severe nausea, vomiting, weight loss, and possibly dehydration. Feeling faint may also occur. It is considered more severe than morning sickness. Symptoms often get better after the 20th week of pregnancy but may last the entire pregnancy duration.The exact causes of hyperemesis gravidarum are unknown. Risk factors include the first pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, obesity, prior or family history of HG, trophoblastic disorder, and a history of eating disorders. Diagnosis is usually made based on the observed signs and symptoms. HG has been technically defined as more than three episodes of vomiting per day such that weight loss of 5% or three kilograms has occurred and ketones are present in the urine. Other potential causes of the symptoms should be excluded, including urinary tract infection and an overactive thyroid.Treatment includes drinking fluids and a bland diet. Recommendations may include electrolyte-replacement drinks, thiamine, and a higher protein diet. Some women require intravenous fluids. With respect to medications, pyridoxine or metoclopramide are preferred. Prochlorperazine, dimenhydrinate, or ondansetron may be used if these are not effective. Hospitalization may be required. Psychotherapy may improve outcomes. Evidence for acupressure is poor.While vomiting in pregnancy has been described as early as 2,000 BC, the first clear medical description of HG was in 1852 by Antoine Dubois. HG is estimated to affect 0.3–2.0% of pregnant women. While previously known as a common cause of death in pregnancy, with proper treatment this is now very rare. Those affected have a lower risk of miscarriage but a higher risk of premature birth. Some pregnant women choose to have an abortion due to HG symptoms.
qas: question: zh_tw: 如何做出診斷？
en: How is diagnosis made?
answers: zh_tw: text: 根據其症狀確診
en: text: observed signs and symptoms
尼古拉斯・霍爾特
Nicholas Hoult

context: zh_tw: 尼古拉斯・卡拉多克・霍爾特（英語：Nicholas Caradoc Hoult，暱稱：Nick Hoult；1989 年 12 月 7 日－）是一位英國男演員。成名作為電影《單親插班生》（About A Boy），但長大後卻是因英國 E4 臺的電視劇《皮囊》（Skins）令人眼前一亮。
en: Nicholas Caradoc Hoult (born 7 December 1989) is an English actor. His body of work includes supporting work in big-budget mainstream productions and starring roles in independent projects in both the American and the British film industries. He has been nominated for such awards as a British Academy Film Award, and a Critics Choice Award. Hoult was included in Forbes magazine's 2012 list of 30 under 30.
qas: question: zh_tw: 霍爾特出生於哪一年？
en: What year was Hoult born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1989 年
en: text: 1989
牧夫座
Boötes

context: zh_tw: 牧夫座是現代的 88 個星座之一，也是第二世紀的天文學家托勒密敘述的 48 個星座之一。它含了全夜空中的第四亮星，橙巨星的大角星。牧夫座也是其他許多亮星的家，包括 8 顆比 4 等亮的星和 21 顆 5 等以上的星，總共有 29 顆肉眼可以輕鬆看見的恆星。
en: One of the 48 constellations described by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy, Boötes is now one of the 88 modern constellations. It contains the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, the orange giant Arcturus. Epsilon Bootis, or Izar, is a colourful multiple star popular with amateur astronomers. Boötes is home to many other bright stars, including eight above the fourth magnitude and an additional 21 above the fifth magnitude, making a total of 29 stars easily visible to the naked eye.
qas: question: zh_tw: 現代有多少個星座？
en: How many modern constellations are there?
answers: zh_tw: text: 88 個
en: text: 88

question: zh_tw: 牧夫座含了什麼？
en: The Bootes contains what?
answers: zh_tw: text: 全夜空中的第四亮星，橙巨星的大角星
en: text: It contains the fourth-brightest star in the night sky, the orange giant Arcturus
自然數
Natural number

context: zh_tw: 用於計數（如「桌子上有三個蘋果」）和定序（如「國內第三大城市」）的數字。用於計數時稱之為基數，用於定序時稱之為序數。
en: In mathematics, the natural numbers are those used for counting (as in "there are six coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the third largest city in the country"). In common mathematical terminology, words colloquially used for counting are "cardinal numbers" and words connected to ordering represent "ordinal numbers". The natural numbers can, at times, appear as a convenient set of codes (labels or "names"); that is, as what linguists call nominal numbers, foregoing many or all of the properties of being a number in a mathematical sense.
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼是自然數？
en: What are natural numbers?
answers: zh_tw: text: 用於計數（如「桌子上有三個蘋果」）和定序（如「國內第三大城市」）的數字
en: text: those used for counting (as in "there are six coins on the table") and ordering (as in "this is the third largest city in the country
巴西
Brazil

context: zh_tw: 巴西農業、採掘業、製造業和服務業較為發達，勞動力充足。巴西國內生產總值（購買力平價）在拉丁美洲位居第一，對世界市場影響日益擴大。主要出口商品有：咖啡、大豆、鐵礦石、橙汁、鋼鐵、蔗糖、飛機。
en: Brazil's diversified economy includes agriculture, industry, and a wide range of services. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry, logging and fishing accounted for 5.1% of the gross domestic product in 2007. Brazil is one of the largest producer of oranges, coffee, sugar cane, cassava and sisal, soybeans and papayas.The industry – from automobiles, steel and petrochemicals to computers, aircraft and consumer durables – accounted for 30.8% of the gross domestic product. Industry is highly concentrated in metropolitan São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Campinas, Porto Alegre, and Belo Horizonte. Brazil has become the fourth largest car market in the world. Major export products include aircraft, electrical equipment, automobiles, ethanol, textiles, footwear, iron ore, steel, coffee, orange juice, soybeans and corned beef. In total, Brazil ranks 23rd worldwide in value of exports.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪一個飛行物是主要出口商品？
en: What flying object was a major export?
answers: zh_tw: text: 飛機
en: text: aircraft
格陵蘭冰原
Greenland ice sheet

context: zh_tw: 格陵蘭冰原是覆蓋著格陵蘭近 80%，約 171 萬平方公里的大片冰原。這是全球第二大的冰原，僅次於南極冰原。格陵蘭冰原的南北方向長 2400 公里，最闊達 1100 公里，位於更北邊的北緯 77°。冰的平均海拔高 2135 米。 冰一般厚於 2 公里，最厚點多於 3 公里。這並非格陵蘭唯一的冰塊，亦有獨立的冰川及冰蓋，覆蓋周邊的 7.6-10 萬平方公里。一些科學家相信全球暖化會將這冰原推向臨界點，並於幾百年內完全溶解。若整個冰原完全溶解，海平面就會上升 7.2 米。 大部份沿海城市都會被淹沒，細小的島嶼國家（如馬爾地夫）從此消失。
en: It is the second largest ice body in the world, after the Antarctic ice sheet. The ice sheet is almost 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) long in a north-south direction, and its greatest width is 1,100 kilometres (680 mi) at a latitude of 77°N, near its northern margin. The mean altitude of the ice is 2,135 metres (7,005 ft). The thickness is generally more than 2 km (1.2 mi) and over 3 km (1.9 mi) at its thickest point. In addition to the large ice sheet, isolated glaciers and small ice caps cover between 76,000 and 100,000 square kilometres (29,000 and 39,000 sq mi) around the periphery. If the entire 2,850,000 cubic kilometres (684,000 cu mi) of ice were to melt, it would lead to a global sea level rise of 7.2 m (24 ft), over 14,000 years at current rates of melting.  The Greenland Ice Sheet is sometimes referred to under the term inland ice, or its Danish equivalent, indlandsis. It is also sometimes referred to as an ice cap.
qas: question: zh_tw: 以米為單位，冰的平均高度是多少？
en: How tall on average is the ice, in metric units?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2135 米
en: text: 2,135 metres
威廉・赫特
William Hurt

context: zh_tw: 威廉・麥寇德・赫特（英語：William McChord Hurt，1950 年 3 月 20 日－）是美國舞臺劇和電影演員。他畢業於朱利亞德學院，1970 年代進入劇場，參與大大小小的舞臺劇表演。1980 年他以電影《變形博士》踏入影壇，初試啼聲便獲得金球獎年度新星提名。翌年他獨挑男主角的大梁，演出頗受好評的「新黑色電影」（neo noir）《體熱》，飾演受凱瑟琳・透娜迷誘的律師。
en: William McChord Hurt (born March 20, 1950) is an American actor. He received his acting training at the Juilliard School and began acting on stage in the 1970s. Hurt made his film debut in 1980 as a troubled scientist in Ken Russell's science-fiction feature Altered States, for which he received a Golden Globe nomination for New Star of the Year. He subsequently played a leading role, as a lawyer who succumbs to the temptations of Kathleen Turner, in the neo-noir Body Heat (1981). He played another leading role, as Arkady Renko, in Gorky Park (1983).
qas: question: zh_tw: 威廉・麥寇德・赫特是幾月份出生的？
en: In what month was William McChord Hurt born?
answers: zh_tw: text: Hurt，1950 年 3 月 20 日－）是美國舞臺劇和電影演員。
en: text: March
HTTP 404
HTTP 404

context: zh_tw: 當客戶端使用 HTTP 瀏覽網頁時，伺服器需要針對不同的「要求」提供不同的「回應」，譬如瀏覽器發出 HTML 檔案（網頁）的要求，並帶有數字回應碼和 MIME 的訊息。程式碼 404 的第一個「4」代表客戶端的錯誤，如錯誤的 URL；後兩位數字碼則代表著特定的錯誤訊息。HTTP 的三字元程式碼跟早期通訊協定 FTP 和 NNTP 的程式碼相當類似。
en: When communicating via HTTP, a server is required to respond to a request, such as a web browser request for a web page, with a numeric response code and an optional, mandatory, or disallowed (based upon the status code) message. In the code 404, the first digit indicates a client error, such as a mistyped Uniform Resource Locator (URL). The following two digits indicate the specific error encountered. HTTP's use of three-digit codes is similar to the use of such codes in earlier protocols such as FTP and NNTP.
qas: question: zh_tw: 伺服器傳送什麼型別的響應程式碼？
en: What type of response code does a server send?
answers: zh_tw: text: 數字碼
en: text: numeric
2017 年卡達外交危機

context: zh_tw: 卡達被指支援恐怖主義。一些國家指責卡達資助包括基地組織在敘利亞的分支機構努斯拉陣線，儘管其他阿拉伯國家也做出類似舉動。卡達和沙烏地阿拉伯也都參與了中情局牽頭的代號 Timber Sycamore 的秘密行動，以訓練和武裝敘利亞反叛份子。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個國家擁有中東最大的美軍基地？
en: What country hosts the largest American military base in the Middle East?
answers: zh_tw: text: 卡達

context: zh_tw: 美國：美國總統唐納德・特朗普在一系列推文中承認設計外交危機。6 月 6 日，特朗普發表推文稱：「在我近期中東之行中，我明確指出再也不能資助極端意識形態了。（六國）領袖們直指卡達 —— 看吧！」一個半小時後，他再次在推特表態「很高興看到先前沙特之行中同沙特國王及 50 多個國家領導人的會晤已經起效。他們說會採取強硬手段應對資助極端主義的行為，所有線索均指向卡達。也許這會是終結恐怖主義的開端！」這些發言與五角大樓和美國國務院保持中立的立場相違背。五角大樓讚揚卡達運營維護烏代德空軍基地，並讚揚其對 “區域安全的持續承諾”。美國駐卡達大使丹娜・謝爾・史密斯也發出類似的訊息。早些時候，國務卿雷克斯・蒂勒森採取中立立場，敦促各方 “坐下來對待這些影響”。他表示：“我不指望這次事件會帶來什麼明顯的衝擊，如果有衝擊的話，就是地區或全球的反恐戰爭統一了”。卡達所負責的烏代德空軍基地駐紮美軍一萬多人，為美國中央司令部前線作戰指揮中心，指揮美國在敘利亞，伊拉克和阿富汗的空襲行動。五角大樓的發言人稱卡達外交危機不會影響美國在卡達的軍事部署。6 月 8 日，美國總統川普致電卡達埃米爾表示願意居中斡旋協調，並願意以白宮為場地。這一提議被拒絕，卡達官員隨後表示，埃米爾在卡達受封鎖期間無意離家卡達。6 月 9 日，特朗普一度把責任歸咎於卡達，稱封鎖 “艱難但必須”，同時聲稱卡達 “高度” 資助恐怖主義，並將卡達描述為 “在資金援助方面具有極端主義意識形態”。但這個宣告與同一天國務卿雷克斯・蒂勒森呼籲海灣國家放寬封鎖的評論相沖突。6 月 13 日，沙特外交部長阿德爾・朱拜爾在華盛頓與蒂勒森會晤後表示 “不存在封鎖行為”，“我們所做的只是不允許他們使用我們的領空，這是我們的主權。”，同時宣告薩勒曼國王國際人道主義援助和救濟中心在需要時會向卡達提供食物或醫療援助。6 月 21 日，特朗普在愛荷華髮表演講時稱，“我們不能讓這些極其富裕的國家為激進伊斯蘭恐怖主義或任何恐怖主義提供資金”，指其在 2017 年 5 月訪問利雅得，同沙特國王薩勒曼會晤，並敦促結束恐怖主義的資助後，資助就沒再發生過，“他聽進去了我的話，而現在他們（沙特）正在與其他資助恐怖主義的國家進行戰鬥。我認為我們有很大的影響力。” 土耳其：外交部長梅夫盧特・恰武什奧盧告訴記者，“各國或許存在一些問題，但是對話必須在所有解決問題的氛圍都平靜下才能繼續。目前的情形讓我們感到悲傷，我們會為局勢正常化提供任何援助。” 他敦促各方解決他們的差異，幫助外交正常化。6 月 7 日，土耳其議會以 240 票贊成，98 票反對，於 5 月初起草立法允許土耳其部隊部署在卡達的土耳其軍事基地。在 6 月 13 日的演講中，土耳其總統雷傑普・塔伊普・埃爾多安稱孤立卡達的行為 “不人道並與伊斯蘭教的價值觀相違背”，並稱 “抹黑卡達的行為無法達成目的”。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個是美國在卡達的基地？
en: Which US base is in Qatar?
answers: zh_tw: text: 烏代德空軍基地