釣魚臺列嶼
Senkaku Islands

context: zh_tw: 迄至 1969 年於釣魚臺相關海域發現石油之前，中國和日本均未在該島建立任何表明領土歸屬的標樁，此前中華民國或中華人民共和國亦未曾強調自己對釣魚臺列嶼的領有權。1969 年 5 月，聯合國亞洲暨遠東經濟委員會勘察中國東海、臺灣海峽北方後，認為該處蘊藏龐大的天然氣或石油。1970 年 8 月 31 日，在美國監督下的沖繩政府立法院起草了《關於申請尖閣列島領土防衛的決定》，有研究指這是戰後日本政府首次公開主張對該群島擁有主權。同年，美國提出將沖繩及釣魚臺交還日本。1971 年，中國大陸及臺灣正式提出抗議。1972 年 5 月 15 日，美國在中方反對聲音下將琉球主權移交日本，並一併將釣魚臺列嶼的行政管轄權也交給日本。
en: The Japanese central government annexed the islands in early 1895 while still fighting China in the First Sino-Japanese War. Around 1900, Japanese entrepreneur Koga Tatsushirō (古賀 辰四郎) constructed a bonito fish processing plant on the islands, employing over 200 workers. The business failed around 1940 and the islands have remained deserted ever since. In the 1970s, Koga Tatsushirō's son Zenji Koga and Zenji's wife Hanako sold four islets to the Kurihara family of Saitama Prefecture.  Kunioki Kurihara owned Uotsuri, Kita-Kojima, and Minami-Kojima. Kunioki's sister owned Kuba.The islands came under US government occupation in 1945 after the surrender of Japan ended World War II. In 1969, the United Nations Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East (ECAFE) identified potential oil and gas reserves in the vicinity of the Senkaku Islands. In 1971, the Okinawa Reversion Treaty passed the U.S. Senate, returning the islands to Japanese control in 1972.  Also in 1972, the Republic of China (Taiwan) government and People's Republic of China government officially began to declare ownership of the islands.Since 1972, when the islands reverted to Japanese government control, the mayor of Ishigaki has been given civic authority over the territory. The Japanese central government, however, has prohibited Ishigaki from surveying or developing the islands. In 1979 an official delegation from the Japanese government composed of 50 academics, government officials from the Foreign and Transport ministries, officials from the now-defunct Okinawa Development Agency, and Hiroyuki Kurihara, visited the islands and camped on Uotsuri for about four weeks. The delegation surveyed the local ecosystem, finding moles and sheep, studied the local marine life, and examined whether the islands would support human habitation.From 2002 to 2012, the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications paid the Kurihara family ¥25 million a year to rent Uotsuri, Minami-Kojima and Kita-Kojima. Japan's Ministry of Defense rents Kuba island for an undisclosed amount. Kuba is used by the U.S. military as a practice aircraft bombing range. Japan's central government completely owns Taisho island.On December 17, 2010, Ishigaki declared January 14 as "Pioneering Day" to commemorate Japan's 1895 annexation of the Senkaku Islands. China condemned Ishigaki's actions. In 2012, both the Tokyo Metropolitan and Japanese central governments announced plans to negotiate purchase of Uotsuri, Kita-Kojima, and Minami-Kojima from the Kurihara family.On September 11, 2012, the Japanese government nationalized its control over Minami-kojima, Kita-kojima, and Uotsuri islands by purchasing them from the Kurihara family for ¥2.05 billion. China's Foreign Ministry objected saying Beijing would not "sit back and watch its territorial sovereignty violated."In 2014, Japan constructed a lighthouse and wharf featuring Japanese flag insignia on the islets.
qas: question: zh_tw: ECAFE 是代表什麼的首字母縮拼詞？
en: What does the acronym ECAFE stand for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 聯合國亞洲暨遠東經濟委員會
en: text: Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East