zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
暴龍

context: zh_tw: 在 1905 年，美國自然歷史博物館的亨利・費爾費爾德・奧斯本創造了 “Tyrannosaurus rex”（雷克斯暴龍）一詞。屬名衍化自古希臘文，“τυραννος/tyrannos” 意為「暴君」，而 “σαυρος/sauros” 意為「蜥蜴」。種小名 “rex” 在拉丁語中意為「國王」。因此，雷克斯暴龍的學名意為「暴君蜥蜴」，以突顯牠們的體型對於同時代的其他物種具有優勢。
qas: question: zh_tw: rex 這個詞是什麼意思？
en: What does the word rex mean?
answers: zh_tw: text: 國王

context: zh_tw: 1955 年，蘇聯古生物學家葉甫根尼・馬列夫將在蒙古發現的化石建立為一個新種，命名為勇士暴龍（Tyrannosaurus bataar）。到了 1965 年，勇士暴龍被重新命名為勇士特暴龍（Tarbosaurus bataar）。儘管被建立為新屬，許多種系發生學研究認為勇士特暴龍是雷克斯暴龍的姐妹分類單元，因此勇士特暴龍常被認為是暴龍屬的亞洲種。最近一個對於勇士特暴龍的重新研究，顯示勇士特暴龍的頭顱骨比雷克斯暴龍的還要狹窄，而兩者的頭顱骨在咬合時所承受壓強的方式非常不一樣，所得到的資料結果是勇士特暴龍較接近於分支龍，另一種亞洲暴龍類。另一相關的親緣分支分類法研究發現分支龍是特暴龍的姐妹分類單元，而非暴龍；如果這個研究屬實，將顯示特暴龍與暴龍是獨立的屬。
qas: question: zh_tw: 這一物種在 1965 年的名稱是什麼？
en: What was the name of this species in 1965
answers: zh_tw: text: 勇士特暴龍（Tarbosaurus bataar）

context: zh_tw: 與身體相比，暴龍的前肢非常短小，長度僅有 1 公尺。然而它們並非痕跡器官，並具有肌肉附著的痕跡，顯示暴龍的前肢具有相當的力量。早在 1906 年，奧斯本便已發現這個特徵，他推測這些前肢是在交配時抓住配偶的。另有理論認為暴龍的前肢是用來協助牠們俯伏在地面時重新站起。另一個可能假設是，當暴龍使用嘴部咬死掙扎的獵物時，前肢可以固定住獵物。後一個假設已得到生物力學研究的支援。暴龍的前肢是非常粗厚的硬骨（Cortical bone），可以承受更大的承載力。完全成長的暴龍的肱二頭肌（Biceps brachii）能夠舉起約 199 公斤的重量，二頭肌也可以增加這個數值。暴龍前臂的移動範圍有限，肩膀與手肘關節只能做出 40 到 45 度的旋轉。而恐爪龍的肩膀與手肘關節可以做出 88 到 100 度的旋轉幅度，人類的肩膀關節可以做出 360 度的旋轉，手肘關節可以做出 165 度的旋轉範圍。暴龍的重型手臂骨頭、強壯的肌肉以及有限的旋轉範圍，顯示牠們的前肢可能用來快速抓牢掙扎的獵物。研究人員據此提出，暴龍的前肢並非毫無用途，也認為這代表暴龍不是食腐動物。
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼可以作為雷克斯暴龍承載力大的證明？
en: What serves as an evidence of ability to withstand heavy loads by Tynnosaurus rex?
answers: zh_tw: text: 非常粗厚的硬骨
諾貝爾物理學獎得主列表
List of Nobel laureates in Physics

context: zh_tw: 諾貝爾物理學獎是諾貝爾獎的六個獎項之一，由瑞典皇家科學院每年頒發給在物理科學領域做出傑出貢獻的科學家。根據阿爾弗雷德・諾貝爾的遺願，該獎由諾貝爾基金會管理，由瑞典皇家科學院選出 5 名成員組成一個委員會來評選出獲獎者。諾貝爾物理學獎於 1901 年第一次頒發，由德國的威廉・倫琴獲得。每個獲獎者會得到一塊獎牌，一份獲獎證書，以及一筆不菲的獎金，獎金的數額每年會有變化。1901 年，倫琴得到 150,782 瑞典克朗，相當於 2007 年 12 月的 7,731,004 瑞典克朗。2008 年，三位獲獎者（小林誠、益川敏英和南部陽一郎）分享了總額為 1 千萬瑞典克朗的獎金（略多於 100 萬歐元，或 140 萬美元）。該獎每年於 12 月 10 日，即阿爾弗雷德・諾貝爾逝世週年紀念日，以隆重的儀式在斯德哥爾摩音樂廳頒發。約翰・巴丁是唯一兩次獲得該獎的得主，他於 1956 年和 1972 年獲獎。威廉・勞倫斯・布拉格是至今最年輕的諾貝爾物理學獎獎得主，也是諾貝爾三項科學獎項中的最年輕得主，他在 1915 年獲獎時僅有 25 歲。 至今共有三位女性獲得過該獎，分別是瑪麗・居里（1903 年）、瑪麗亞・格佩特 - 梅耶（1963 年）和唐娜・斯特里克蘭（2018 年）。在六個諾貝爾獎項中，這是女性獲獎人次第二少的獎項（只多於僅一位女性得主的諾貝爾經濟學獎）。截至 2018 年，共有 209 人獲得過該獎。諾貝爾物理學獎有 6 年因故停發（1916、1931、1934、1940－1942 年）。
en: The Nobel Prize in Physics (Swedish: Nobelpriset i fysik) is awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to scientists in the various fields of physics. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel (who died in 1896), awarded for outstanding contributions in physics. As dictated by Nobel's will, the award is administered by the Nobel Foundation and awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. The award is presented in Stockholm at an annual ceremony on 10 December, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award prize that has varied throughout the years.
qas: question: zh_tw: 諾貝爾物理學獎多久頒獎一次？
en: How often is the The Nobel Prize in Physics given?
answers: zh_tw: text: 每年
en: text: annually

question: zh_tw: 哪國負責頒發諾貝爾獎？
en: Which nationality is responsible for awarding the Nobel prize?
answers: zh_tw: text: 瑞典
en: text: Swedish
奧蕾絲雅・盧琳
Olesya Rulin

context: zh_tw: 奧蕾絲雅・盧琳 （俄語：Oлeся Pулин；英語：Olesya Rulin；1986 年 3 月 17 日－）是一位俄裔美國人，女演員及歌手。她最為人所知的是歌舞青春系列電影中的角色凱西・尼爾森（Kelsi Nielsen）。此外，她與潔西卡・辛普森一道出演了 2008 年喜劇片電影大明星（en:Major Movie Star），以及和比利・雷・西魯士（en:Billy Ray Cyrus）聯袂演出劇情片飛過（en:Flying By）。
en: Olesya Yurivna Rulin (Russian: Oлeся Юрьевна Pулина; born March 17, 1986) is a Russian-American actress. She is best known for co-starring in all three films of the High School Musical franchise as Kelsi Nielsen. She also starred in the films Private Valentine: Blonde & Dangerous (2008), Flying By (2009), Expecting Mary (2010), and Family Weekend (2013).
qas: question: zh_tw: 奧蕾絲雅・尤里凡・盧琳是哪一年出生的？
en: What year was Olesya Yurivan Rulin born?
answers: zh_tw: text: Rulin；1986 年 3 月 17 日－）是一位俄裔美國人，女演員及歌手。
en: text: 1986
PLAYBACK
Playback (South Korean group)

context: zh_tw: 友琳在加入 PLAYBACK 前曾在 JYP 娛樂當了 3 年的練習生。曾參加韓國 Mnet 電視臺的綜藝節目《看見你的聲音》，演唱了愛莉安娜・格蘭德的《Problem》後迅速獲得知名度。
en: Prior to joining Playback, Woolim spent three years as a trainee under JYP Entertainment. She later rose to fame after a video of her appearance on Mnet’s mystery singing show I Can See Your Voice, where she performed Ariana Grande’s “Problem,” went viral.Playback released their self-titled debut single album Playback and its title track of the same name on June 25, 2015. Just three months later, the group announced they planned to release a new single album on September 2. The album's title track, "I Wonder", featured well-known singer and host Eric Nam. The song garnered attention from media due to the involvement of popular Norwegian production team ELEMENT, whose resume includes CeeLo Green, Musiq Soulchild, and Madcon.Soon after they debut, their label who manages them was merged with Coridel Entertainment in late-2015 and they later official manages by Coridel Entertainment.
qas: question: zh_tw: 她演唱了愛莉安娜・格蘭德的哪一首歌？
en: What Ariana Grande song did she perform?
answers: zh_tw: text: Problem
en: text: Problem
萊昂哈德・尤拉
Leonhard Euler

context: zh_tw: 尤拉的數學符號引進和推廣，並透過他的許多教科書廣為流傳。最為著名的，是他引進了 “函式” 的概念，並且第一個將函式的寫為 f (x)，以表示一個以 x 為自變數的函式。他還介紹了三角函式現代符號，以 e 表記自然對數的底（現在也稱作尤拉數），用希臘字母 Σ 表記累加和以 i 表示虛數單位。用希臘字母 π 來表示一個圓的周長和直徑之比也由尤拉普及，但它並不是由他發明。
en: Euler introduced and popularized several notational conventions through his numerous and widely circulated textbooks. Most notably, he introduced the concept of a function and was the first to write f(x) to denote the function f applied to the argument x. He also introduced the modern notation for the trigonometric functions, the letter e for the base of the natural logarithm (now also known as Euler's number), the Greek letter Σ for summations and the letter i to denote the imaginary unit. The use of the Greek letter π to denote the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter was also popularized by Euler, although it originated with Welsh mathematician William Jones.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰普及了數學符號？
en: Who popularized notional conventions?
answers: zh_tw: text: 尤拉
en: text: Euler
土衛六

context: zh_tw: 土衛六表面的溫度大約是 94K（−179°C，或−290°F）。在這個溫度下水冰的蒸氣壓力極低，所以大氣中幾乎沒有水氣。土衛六大氣層中的陰霾全是衛星將陽光反射回太空的反溫室效應貢獻的，使它的表面與上層相較顯得異常的寒冷。這顆衛星接收到的陽光僅有地球的 1%。土衛六的雲層可能由甲烷、乙烷，或許還有其它簡單的有機物，是分散和會變化的，造成整體的陰霾。大氣層的甲烷造成和創造土衛六表面的溫室效應，若不是這樣土衛六的表面將更寒冷。惠更斯探測船的調查結果表明土衛六的大氣層會定期下雨，將液態的甲烷和其它有機化合物滴落在衛星的表面上。
qas: question: zh_tw: 土衛六泰坦的表面溫度被認為是多少？
en: What is considered the surface temperature of Titan?
answers: zh_tw: text: 94K

context: zh_tw: 雲層通常會覆蓋土衛六盤面的 1%，但是也觀察到突發的事件使雲層迅速的覆蓋廣達 8%。一種假說認為當土衛六的夏季來臨時，陽光的增加會使南極的雲層因為對流而加劇的生成。這種解釋很難說明不只在仲春，還有在夏至之後還出現複雜雲層的事實。甲烷在南極增加的溼度可能有助於雲層大小迅速的增加。土衛六南半球的夏天一直持續到 2010 年，直到在軌道上的土星，它掌握著衛星的運動，將北半球朝向著太陽。當季節轉換時，預期甲烷將開始在南極上空凝結。
qas: question: zh_tw: 當環繞土星的大氣產生上升時叫什麼？
en: What is it called when uplift is generated in the atmosphere around Titan?
answers: zh_tw: text: 對流
堆肥
Compost

context: zh_tw: 在最簡單的層面上，堆肥過程需要將一批被稱為綠色廢物（葉子，食物廢物）的溼的有機物質物料在等待數週或數月後分解成腐殖質。現代的，有條不紊的堆肥是一個多步驟，密切監測的過程，具有測量水，空氣和碳氮富含材料的輸入。分解過程透過切碎植物物質，加水並透過定期轉動混合物確保適當的通氣來輔助。蠕蟲和真菌進一步分解材料。需要氧氣工作的細菌（好氧細菌）和真菌透過控制化學過程，將輸入轉化為熱，二氧化碳和銨。銨（NH+4）是植物使用的氮的形式。當植物不使用銨，可用的銨被細菌進一步透過硝化作用轉化為硝酸鹽（NO−3）。
en: At the simplest level, the process of composting requires making a heap of wet organic matter (also called green waste), such as leaves, grass, and food scraps, and waiting for the materials to break down into humus after a period of months. However, composting also can take place as a multi-step, closely monitored process with measured inputs of water, air, and carbon- and nitrogen-rich materials. The decomposition process is aided by shredding the plant matter, adding water and ensuring proper aeration by regularly turning the mixture when open piles or "windrows" are used. Earthworms and fungi further break up the material. Bacteria requiring oxygen to function (aerobic bacteria) and fungi manage the chemical process by converting the inputs into heat, carbon dioxide, and ammonium.
qas: question: zh_tw: 堆肥時會有什麼過程？
en: What is measured while composting?
answers: zh_tw: text: 水，空氣和碳氮富含材料的輸入
en: text: inputs of water, air, and carbon- and nitrogen-rich materials

context: zh_tw: 堆肥富含營養。它廣泛用於花園，園林綠化，園藝和農業。堆肥本身在許多方面對土地有利，包括作為土壤調理劑，肥料，新增重要腐殖質或腐植酸，以及作為土壤的天然殺蟲劑。在生態系統中，堆肥可用於侵蝕控制，土地和溪流復墾，溼地建設以及堆填區（見堆肥用途）。用於堆肥的有機成分可以替代地用於透過厭氧消化產生沼氣。
en: Compost is rich in nutrients. It is used, for example, in gardens, landscaping, horticulture, urban agriculture and organic farming. The compost itself is beneficial for the land in many ways, including as a soil conditioner, a fertilizer, addition of vital humus or humic acids, and as a natural pesticide for soil. In ecosystems, compost is useful for erosion control, land and stream reclamation, wetland construction, and as landfill cover (see compost uses).
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼有助於控制侵蝕？
en: What helps to control erosion?
answers: zh_tw: text: 堆肥
en: text: compost

context: zh_tw: 牛和馬糞便，當與墊料混合時，具有良好的堆肥質量。非常潮溼，通常不與墊料混合的豬糞必須與秸稈或類似原料混合。家禽糞便也必須與碳質材料混合 - 低氮優選，如鋸屑或稻草。
en: On many farms, the basic composting ingredients are animal manure generated on the farm and bedding. Straw and sawdust are common bedding materials. Non-traditional bedding materials are also used, including newspaper and chopped cardboard. The amount of manure composted on a livestock farm is often determined by cleaning schedules, land availability, and weather conditions. Each type of manure has its own physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Cattle and horse manures, when mixed with bedding, possess good qualities for composting. Swine manure, which is very wet and usually not mixed with bedding material, must be mixed with straw or similar raw materials. Poultry manure also must be blended with carbonaceous materials - those low in nitrogen preferred, such as sawdust or straw.
qas: question: zh_tw: 列舉兩種低氮碳質材料。
en: Name two low nitrogen carbonaceous materials.
answers: zh_tw: text: 低氮優選，如鋸屑或稻草。
en: text: sawdust or straw
李歐・瓦拉德卡
Leo Varadkar

context: zh_tw: 瓦拉德卡畢業於都柏林三一學院取得醫學博士。在 2010 年成為普通科醫生之前，瓦拉德卡曾經做過幾年的實習醫生。2004 年進入芬戈郡議會，併成為副市長，遂被選為眾議院議員。2007 年成為愛爾蘭眾議院議員。2011 年至 2014 年間，曾任交通、觀光與體育部長，2014 年至 2016 年間，曾任衛生部長，2016 年至 2017 年間曾任社會保障部長。瓦拉德卡受到肯尼的拔擢，擔任企業、貿易與就業部發言人，2010 年改任通訊、能源與自然資源部發言人。
en: Varadkar was born in Dublin and studied medicine at Trinity College Dublin. He spent several years as a non-consultant hospital doctor before qualifying as a general practitioner in 2010. In 2004, he was co-opted onto Fingal County Council and served as deputy mayor, before his election to Dáil Éireann in 2007.
qas: question: zh_tw: 瓦拉德卡什麼時候有資格成為全科醫生？
en: When did Varadkar qualify as a general practitioner?
answers: zh_tw: text: 在 2010 年
en: text: 2010
八惡人
The Hateful Eight

context: zh_tw: 《八惡人》（英語：The Hateful Eight，又記作 The H8ful Eight 或 The Hateful 8）是一部於 2015 年上映的美國西部片，為昆汀・塔倫提諾執導和編劇。由山繆・傑克森、寇特・羅素、珍妮佛・傑森・李、華頓・哥金斯、德米安・畢契爾、提姆・羅斯、麥可・馬德森和布魯斯・鄧恩主演。電影的故事設定於懷俄明州的南北戰爭過後的數年，敘述八位互不信任的西部人在暴風雪期間停留於驛站馬車所發生的故事。
en: The Hateful Eight (often marketed as The H8ful Eight) is a 2015 American western thriller film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino. It stars Samuel L. Jackson, Kurt Russell, Jennifer Jason Leigh, Walton Goggins, Demián Bichir, Tim Roth, Michael Madsen, and Bruce Dern as eight strangers who seek refuge from a blizzard in a stagecoach stopover some time after the American Civil War.
qas: question: zh_tw: 寇特・羅素是哪部電影中的角色？
en: Kurt Russell is a character in which film?
answers: zh_tw: text: 八惡人
en: text: The Hateful Eight
加爾各答德肋撒修女
Mother Teresa

context: zh_tw: 1980 年代末期，東歐正處於逐漸開放的過程中，冷戰的陰雲開始有了消褪的跡象，德肋撒修女為將慈善事業擴充套件至那些以往對仁愛傳教會加以拒絕的共產國家，開始著手幾十個計劃。(1995 年她計劃在中國設立一所仁愛之家，受到當局婉拒)。雖然她對於墮胎及離婚案的堅定立場招致批評，但她 “偏向虎山行”：“別人說什麼都沒關係，你只管微笑著接受，然後（接著）做你自己的工作。” 德肋撒在亞美尼亞大地震之後訪問了當時的蘇聯加盟共和國亞美尼亞，並與時任蘇聯部長會議主席尼古拉・雷日科夫舉行了會談。德肋撒修女四處出訪，幫助和照料了衣索比亞的饑民，切爾諾貝利的核輻射受害者以及亞美尼亞大地震的災民。
en: Teresa said, "By blood, I am Albanian. By citizenship, an Indian. By faith, I am a Catholic nun. As to my calling, I belong to the world. As to my heart, I belong entirely to the Heart of Jesus." Fluent in five languages – Bengali, Albanian, Serbian, English and Hindi – she made occasional trips outside India for humanitarian reasons.At the height of the Siege of Beirut in 1982, Teresa rescued 37 children trapped in a front-line hospital by brokering a temporary cease-fire between the Israeli army and Palestinian guerrillas. Accompanied by Red Cross workers, she travelled through the war zone to the hospital to evacuate the young patients.When Eastern Europe experienced increased openness in the late 1980s, Teresa expanded her efforts to Communist countries which had rejected the Missionaries of Charity. She began dozens of projects, undeterred by criticism of her stands against abortion and divorce: "No matter who says what, you should accept it with a smile and do your own work." She visited Armenia after the 1988 earthquake and met with Nikolai Ryzhkov, Chairman of the Council of Ministers.Teresa travelled to assist the hungry in Ethiopia, radiation victims at Chernobyl and earthquake victims in Armenia. In 1991 she returned to Albania for the first time, opening a Missionaries of Charity Brothers home in Tirana.By 1996, Teresa operated 517 missions in over 100 countries. Her Missionaries of Charity grew from twelve to thousands, serving the "poorest of the poor" in 450 centres worldwide. The first Missionaries of Charity home in the United States was established in the South Bronx area of New York City, and by 1984 the congregation operated 19 establishments throughout the country.
qas: question: zh_tw: 她因哪一些話題的立場而受到批評？
en: She was criticized for her positions on which topics?
answers: zh_tw: text: 墮胎及離婚
en: text: abortion and divorce
心血管疾病
Cardiovascular disease

context: zh_tw: 估計有九成的心血管疾病是可以預防的。可以藉著減少風險因子來預防動脈硬化，比方說健康飲食、規律運動、戒菸與控制飲酒量。控制血壓與糖尿病也對心血管健康有幫助。用抗生素治療鏈球菌咽喉炎能減少發生風溼性心臟病的機會。健康的人服用阿斯匹靈對心血管健康的影響尚未有定論。美國預防服務工作小組。不建議 55 歲以下的女性與 45 歲以下的男性為預防心血管疾病服用阿斯匹靈，年紀高於此標準的人則視個人狀況而定可能適合使用阿斯匹靈。對已患有心血管疾病的人而言，接受治療也能改善預後。
en: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. CVD includes coronary artery diseases (CAD) such as angina and myocardial infarction (commonly known as a heart attack). Other CVDs include stroke, heart failure, hypertensive heart disease, rheumatic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, heart arrhythmia, congenital heart disease, valvular heart disease, carditis, aortic aneurysms, peripheral artery disease, thromboembolic disease, and venous thrombosis.The underlying mechanisms vary depending on the disease. Coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral artery disease involve atherosclerosis. This may be caused by high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes mellitus, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol consumption, among others. High blood pressure is estimated to account for approximately 13% of CVD deaths, while tobacco accounts for 9%, diabetes 6%, lack of exercise 6% and obesity 5%. Rheumatic heart disease may follow untreated strep throat.It is estimated that up to 90% of CVD may be preventable. Prevention of CVD involves improving risk factors through: healthy eating, exercise, avoidance of tobacco smoke and limiting alcohol intake. Treating risk factors, such as high blood pressure, blood lipids and diabetes is also beneficial. Treating people who have strep throat with antibiotics can decrease the risk of rheumatic heart disease. The use of aspirin in people, who are otherwise healthy, is of unclear benefit.Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. This is true in all areas of the world except Africa. Together CVD resulted in 17.9 million deaths (32.1%) in 2015, up from 12.3 million (25.8%) in 1990. Deaths, at a given age, from CVD are more common and have been increasing in much of the developing world, while rates have declined in most of the developed world since the 1970s. Coronary artery disease and stroke account for 80% of CVD deaths in males and 75% of CVD deaths in females. Most cardiovascular disease affects older adults. In the United States 11% of people between 20 and 40 have CVD, while 37% between 40 and 60, 71% of people between 60 and 80, and 85% of people over 80 have CVD. The average age of death from coronary artery disease in the developed world is around 80 while it is around 68 in the developing world. Diagnosis of disease typically occurs seven to ten years earlier in men as compared to women.
qas: question: zh_tw: 你應該避免什麼樣的煙霧來預防心血管疾病？
en: What kind of smoke should you avoid to prevent CVD?
answers: zh_tw: text: 戒菸
en: text: tobacco
哈麗拉・阿里

context: zh_tw: 哈麗拉・阿里（Khalilah Camacho Ali，1950 年 3 月 17 日－）是已故拳王穆罕默德・阿里的前妻。 她在 17 歲的時候（1967 年）和阿里結婚， 在 27 歲的時候（1977 年）離婚。 他們共生育了四個孩子。她學習過空手道，並與 1977 年獲得黑帶三段。 Khalilah 繼續跟 Jim Kelly and Steve Saunders 學習空手道， 最終獲得了黑帶九段。 她七次出現在 Ebony Magazine 的封面上。 她在 20 世紀 80 年代再婚，後來又離婚了兩次。她出現在珍・芳達的電影危機中。
qas: question: zh_tw: 至 1977 年，她獲得過什麼？\n
en: What did she earn by 1977?
answers: zh_tw: text: 黑帶三段

question: zh_tw: 哈麗拉・阿里是誰？
en: who is Khalila Camacho Ali
answers: zh_tw: text: 已故拳王穆罕默德・阿里的前妻
紐西蘭同性婚姻
Same-sex marriage in New Zealand

context: zh_tw: 紐西蘭同性婚姻是一項於 2013 年 4 月 17 日在紐西蘭國會，以 77 張支援票對 44 張反對票，三讀透過合法化的法案，於同月 19 日獲得御準，法案計劃於同年 8 月 19 日起正式生效。紐西蘭也成為全球第 13 個和大洋洲首個同性婚姻合法化的國家。
en: Same-sex marriage in New Zealand has been legal since 19 August 2013. A bill for legalisation was passed by the New Zealand House of Representatives on 17 April 2013 by 77 votes to 44 and received royal assent on 19 April. It entered into force on 19 August, to allow time for the Department of Internal Affairs to make the necessary changes for marriage licensing and related documentation. New Zealand became the first country in Oceania, the fourth in the Southern Hemisphere, and the fifteenth overall to allow same-sex couples to marry.
qas: question: zh_tw: 紐西蘭的同性婚姻獲得多少張投票？
en: How many votes did the New-Zealand's Same-sex marriage receive?
answers: zh_tw: text: 77 張
en: text: 77

context: zh_tw: 1996 年初，三對長期居住在一起的女同性戀人在申請結婚證明時遭到紐西蘭註冊總署駁回，因為依據普通法的內容，婚姻必須由一名男性和一名女性組成。在不滿政府如此判斷下，同性戀者決定決定提出訴訟並且 1996 年 5 月時上訴至紐西蘭高等法院（High Court of New Zealand）。上訴者認為《婚姻法》並沒有禁止同性婚姻，而依據《1990 年紐西蘭權利法案》（New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990）和《1993 年人權法案》（Human Rights Act 1993）則禁止對性傾向的歧視以及相關作為。但是在高等法院上，雙方當事人則一致認為撰寫於 1950 年代的《婚姻法》以普通法作為解釋，自然認定婚姻應該是存在於一名男性和一名女性的關係，這也解釋了為什麼《婚姻法》並沒有明確禁止同性婚姻。
en: The case Quilter v Attorney-General had its origin in early 1996 when three female couples in long-term relationships were denied marriage licences by the Registrar-General because marriage under the common law was between one man and one woman. The case against the Government was taken to the High Court in May 1996. The applicants argued that the Marriage Act 1955 did not prohibit same-sex marriage and that under the New Zealand Bill of Rights Act 1990 and the Human Rights Act 1993, discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation was prohibited.
qas: question: zh_tw: 1955 年，哪國通過了婚姻法？
en: What country passed a the Marriage Act in 1955?
answers: zh_tw: text: 紐西蘭
en: text: New Zealand
2017 年國際足協 U-20 世界盃
2017 FIFA U-20 World Cup

context: zh_tw: 共有 24 支球隊晉級賽事決賽圈。除了東道主韓國自動晉級外，其餘 23 支球隊將從六個獨立舉辦的洲際賽事晉級。自 2017 年起，大洋洲足聯將增加獲得 1 個參賽名額（共 2 個），而歐洲足聯的名額則由 6 個減為 5 個。
en: A total of 24 teams qualified for the final tournament. In addition to South Korea who qualified automatically as hosts, the other 23 teams qualified from six separate continental competitions. Starting from 2017, the Oceania Football Confederation received an additional slot (in total two), while UEFA will have five instead of six slots.
qas: question: zh_tw: 有多少隊參加了最後決賽圈？
en: How many teams made it to the last tournament?
answers: zh_tw: text: 除了東道主韓國自動晉級外，其餘 23 支球隊
en: text: 24
阿卡邁科技
Akamai Technologies

context: zh_tw: 多年來，該公司的客戶已包括蘋果公司、Facebook、微軟、Twitter、TVB、國泰航空和 healthcare.gov 等。當用戶瀏覽到 Akamai 客戶的網站時，使用者的瀏覽器將被重指向到 Akamai 伺服器上的副本，以達到提速的目的，此操作對大部分客戶而言完全透明。並且可降低遭分散式阻斷服務攻擊（DDoS）的影響。
en: The company operates a network of servers around the world and rents out capacity on these servers to customers who want their websites to work faster by distributing content from locations close to the user. When a user navigates to the URL of an Akamai customer, their browser is redirected to one of Akamai's copies of the website.
qas: question: zh_tw: 使用者瀏覽器重定向到哪裡？
en: Where do users browsers get redirected to?
answers: zh_tw: text: Akamai 伺服器上的副本
en: text: one of Akamai's copies of the website
2019 年亞足聯亞洲盃 D 組
2019 AFC Asian Cup Group D

context: zh_tw: 此小組擁用兩隊曾經奪冠的球隊，分別為 3 次奪冠的伊朗及 1 次奪冠的伊拉克。而葉門則首次出席這項賽事決賽周階段。
en: Group D of the 2019 AFC Asian Cup took place from 7 to 16 January 2019. The group consisted of Iran, Iraq, Vietnam, and Yemen. The top two teams, Iran and Iraq, along with the third-placed team, Vietnam (as one of the four best third-placed teams), advanced to the round of 16.The group contained two former champions, Iran (3 titles) and Iraq (1 title). Yemen made its debut in the tournament.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰參加了錦標賽？
en: Who made an appearance in to tournament?
answers: zh_tw: text: 葉門
en: text: Yemen
阿倫卡・布拉圖舍克
Alenka Bratušek

context: zh_tw: 布拉圖舍克出生於採列，就讀於盧布林雅那大學自然科學和技術學院，獲得社會科學學院管理碩士學位。在進入政壇之前，她在財政部國家預算委員會任職 6 年。
en: Bratušek was born in Celje. She studied at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Technology at the University of Ljubljana. Continuing her studies at the University of Ljubljana, she went on to obtain a master's degree in management at the Faculty of Social Sciences. Before entering politics, she served for six years as head of the Directorate for the State Budget at the Ministry of Finance.
qas: question: zh_tw: 她在進入政壇之前為誰服務？
en: Whho did she serve before entering politics?
answers: zh_tw: text: 財政部國家預算委員
en: text: head of the Directorate for the State Budget at the Ministry of Finance.

question: zh_tw: 她在盧布林雅那學習期間學習的主要教育領域是什麼？
en: What was the primary fields of education that she studied while attending Ljubljana?
answers: zh_tw: text: 自然科學和技術
en: text: Natural Sciences and Technology
二級結構
Protein secondary structure

context: zh_tw: 胺基酸在形成不同的二級結構上有著不同的能力。脯氨酸及甘胺酸會在轉角上出現，並且可以瓦解 α 螺旋骨架的規則形態，但兩者卻有著不正常的形態能力。在蛋白質內採用螺旋形態的胺基酸有蛋氨酸、丙氨酸、亮氨酸、穀氨酸及賴氨酸（胺基酸單字母編號為「MALEK」）；相反，大型的芳香性殘基（色氨酸、酪氨酸及苯丙氨酸）及 Cβ 分枝的胺基酸（異亮氨酸、纈氨酸及蘇氨酸）則採用 β 摺疊形態。但是，若單以序列來看，這些都不足以構成一個可靠的方法來預測二級結構。
en: Amino acids vary in their ability to form the various secondary structure elements. Proline and glycine are sometimes known as "helix breakers" because they disrupt the regularity of the α helical backbone conformation; however, both have unusual conformational abilities and are commonly found in turns. Amino acids that prefer to adopt helical conformations in proteins include methionine, alanine, leucine, glutamate and lysine ("MALEK" in amino-acid 1-letter codes); by contrast, the large aromatic residues (tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine) and Cβ-branched amino acids (isoleucine, valine, and threonine) prefer to adopt β-strand conformations. However, these preferences are not strong enough to produce a reliable method of predicting secondary structure from sequence alone.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪一類 DNA 結構不能用這種方法進行可靠的預測？
en: What type of DNA structure cannot be predicted reliably using this method?
answers: zh_tw: text: 二級結構
en: text: secondary structure
智利人
Chileans

context: zh_tw: 雖然大多數智利人居住在智利，但也在多個國家建立了重要的社群團體，最明顯的是阿根廷和美國。其他大型智利團體位於澳大利亞，加拿大和瑞典。智利人雖然人數少，但也構成了南極洲和福克蘭群島常住人口的重要組成部分。
en: Though the majority of Chileans reside in Chile, significant communities have been established in multiple countries, most noticeably Argentina, United States, Australia and Canada and countries of the European Union. Although small in number, Chilean people also make up a substantial part of the permanent population of Antarctica and the Falkland Islands (see: Chileans in the Falkland Islands).
qas: question: zh_tw: 大部分福克蘭群島的公民來自哪個群體？
en: Which group does a large bulk of Falkland Island's citizens originate from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 智利人
en: text: Chilean people
劉麗杏
Jane Luu

context: zh_tw: 劉麗杏，或稱為珍妮・劉（英語：Jane Luu，越南語：Lưu Lệ Hằng，1963 年 7 月－）是一位美國籍越南女性天文學家。
en: Dr. Jane X. Luu (Vietnamese: Lưu Lệ Hằng; born July 1963) is a Vietnamese American astronomer. She was awarded the Kavli Prize (shared with David C. Jewitt and Michael Brown) for 2012 "for discovering and characterizing the Kuiper Belt and its largest members, work that led to a major advance in the understanding of the history of our planetary system"
qas: question: zh_tw: 劉博士是哪一年出生的？
en: What year was Dr. Luu born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1963
en: text: 1963

context: zh_tw: 2004 年 12 月劉麗杏和大衛公佈，在當時所知最大的古柏帶天體創神星發現了冰晶體。另外還發現了氨水合物的跡象。該報告推測冰可能形成於創神星表面之下，在最近幾百萬年之內因為一次撞擊事件而暴露。
en: In December 2004, Luu and Jewitt reported the discovery of crystalline water ice on Quaoar, which was at the time the largest known Kuiper Belt object.  They also found indications of ammonia hydrate.  Their report theorized that the ice likely formed underground, becoming exposed after a collision with another Kuiper Belt object sometime in the last few million years.In 2012, she won (along with David C. Jewitt of the University of California at Los Angeles) the Shaw Prize "for their discovery and characterization of trans-Neptunian bodies, an archeological treasure dating back to the formation of the solar system and the long-sought source of short period comets"
qas: question: zh_tw: 劉和大衛還發現了什麼？
en: What else did Luu and Jewitt find?
answers: zh_tw: text: 氨水合物
en: text: ammonia hydrate
金星 9 號
Venera 9

context: zh_tw: 1975 年 10 月 20 日，軌道環繞器進入金星軌道。其任務是做為金星著陸器的中繼傳訊站及數臺大氣探測儀器的接收器。整個金星軌道環繞器搭載 17 項科學儀器與實驗裝置。進行實驗的日期從 1975 年 10 月 26 日～1975 年 12 月 25 日為止。
en: The orbiter entered Venus orbit on October 20, 1975. Its mission was to act as a communications relay for the lander and to explore cloud layers and atmospheric parameters with several instruments and experiments. It performed 17 survey missions from October 26, 1975 to December 25, 1975.
qas: question: zh_tw: 軌道環繞器何時進入金星軌道？
en: When did the orbiter enter the orbit of Venus?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1975 年 10 月 20 日
en: text: October 20, 1975

question: zh_tw: 1975 年 10 月，軌道環繞器為哪兩個任務而進入金星軌道？
en: What were the two orbiter's missions, the one that entered Venus in October of 1975?
answers: zh_tw: text: 為金星著陸器的中繼傳訊站及數臺大氣探測儀器的接收器
en: text: act as a communications relay for the lander and to explore cloud layers and atmospheric parameters
約翰尼・卡什
Johnny Cash

context: zh_tw: “黑衣人” 約翰尼・卡什出生在阿肯色州的金士蘭，是雷・卡什和嘉麗・卡什的兒子，而他的童年則是在阿肯色州的狄西度過的。在五歲的時候，他就已經在棉花地裡勞作，並經常和家人一起唱歌。他家的農場曾經被洪水淹沒過，這給了他創作 “Five Feet High And Rising” 這首歌的靈感。
en: Johnny Cash was born on February 26, 1932, in Kingsland, Arkansas, to Carrie Cloveree (née Rivers) and Ray Cash. He was the fourth of seven children, who were in birth order: Roy, Margaret Louise, Jack, J. R., Reba, Joanne, and Tommy (who also became a successful country artist). He was primarily of English and Scottish descent. As an adult he traced his surname to 11th-century Fife, after meeting with the then-laird of Falkland, Major Michael Crichton-Stuart. Cash Loch and other locations in Fife bear the name of his family.At birth, Cash was named J. R. Cash. When he enlisted in the United States Air Force, he was not permitted to use initials as a first name, so he changed it to John R. Cash. In 1955, when signing with Sun Records, he started using the name Johnny Cash.In March 1935, when Cash was three years old, the family settled in Dyess, Arkansas, a New Deal colony established to give poor families the opportunity to work land that they may later own. From the age of five, Cash worked in cotton fields with his family, singing with them as they worked. The Cash farm in Dyess experienced a flood, which led Cash later to write the song "Five Feet High and Rising". His family's economic and personal struggles during the Great Depression inspired many of his songs, especially those about other people facing similar difficulties. Consequently, Cash had sympathy for the poor and working class throughout his life.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他在棉田工作時，卡什有多大？
en: How old was Cash when he worked in the cotton field?
answers: zh_tw: text: 五歲
en: text: five
女性
Woman

context: zh_tw: 與其他哺乳類動物不同，生物學上的因素並不是人類性別的決定性因素。有些女人先天性擁有非正常的荷爾蒙或染色體狀況（比如先天性腎上腺增生症或者雙性人），也有些女人後天進行性別重塑手術而缺乏典型的女性生理特徵（跨性別女性）。現今社會上的跨性別女性主要是以一些社會因素去決定性別。例如在香港，女性的定義以入境事務審裁處的身份證登記的性別記錄為準。而任何市民如進行性別重塑手術有責任向入境處申請更改性別紀錄。雖然在出生時女嬰的數量會略少於男嬰（其比例約為 1:1.05），但因為女性的平均壽命較長，因此每超過六十歲的女性和男性比例約為（100:81）。女性的平均壽命一般要比男性要長。造成此現象的原因有幾個：基因（女性性染色體上的冗餘及多様的基因）、社會學（大多數國家的徵兵制只考慮男性）、健康有關的生活選擇（如自殺或是菸酒的使用）、雌二醇的影響（在停經前可以保護心臟）及雄激素對男性的影響。在世界總人口中，男女比例約為 101.3:100。
en: Although fewer females than males are born (the ratio is around 1:1.05), because of a longer life expectancy there are only 81 men aged 60 or over for every 100 women of the same age. Women typically have a longer life expectancy than men. This is due to a combination of factors: genetics (redundant and varied genes present on sex chromosomes in women); sociology (such as the fact that women are not expected in most modern nations to perform military service); health-impacting choices (such as suicide or the use of cigarettes, and alcohol); the presence of the female hormone estrogen, which has a cardioprotective effect in premenopausal women; and the effect of high levels of androgens in men. Out of the total human population in 2015, there were 101.8 men for every 100 women.
qas: question: zh_tw: 女性和男性的比例是多少？
en: What is the ratio of females to males?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1:1.05
en: text: 1:1.05
安娜・坎普
Anna Camp

context: zh_tw: 安娜出生於美國南卡羅來納州的艾肯。母親 Dee (née Kornegay) 為民主黨黨工，父親 湯瑪斯坎普 (Thomas Sewell Camp) 為銀行高階主管。 安娜有一個姊姊，Saluda，也是名演員。 安娜在南卡羅來納州哥倫比亞長大。曾就讀於 Meadowfield Elementary School 小學，在二年級的時候參與 Drug Abuse Resistance Education 成為一員，展開她演戲的技巧。 2004 年，安娜畢業於 University of North Carolina School of the Arts 主修藝術。 之後安娜曾短暫待過紐約。
en: Camp was born in Aiken, South Carolina. Her mother, Dee (née Kornegay), is a Democratic Party volunteer, and her father, Thomas Sewell Camp, is a bank executive. She has an older sister, Saluda.She grew up in Columbia, South Carolina. She attended Meadowfield Elementary School and was cast in a Drug Abuse Resistance Education production in the second grade, introducing her to acting. She graduated from the University of North Carolina School of the Arts with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in 2004. She moved to New York City shortly thereafter.
qas: question: zh_tw: 坎普出生在哪裡？
en: where was Camp born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 美國南卡羅來納州的艾肯
en: text: Aiken, South Carolina
F-105 雷公戰鬥機

context: zh_tw: F-105 雷公（Thunderchief），是美國服役於 1960 年代的超音速攻擊機。雖然屬於第二代戰機但同時有戰機和攻擊機特色，可以說是現代 F-15E 或 F/A-18 等戰轟機的先驅概念。雖然原先設計是作為戰術核武投擲機，但是越戰中 F-105 負擔了美國空軍大部分的對地轟炸支援任務。原本該機設計是單座單發動機戰機，但是根據需求評估後來又設計了「野鼬」雙座機版用於強化對地精準轟炸壓制敵軍防空火力。
qas: question: zh_tw: SEAD 是指什麼？
en: What does SEAD stand for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 壓制敵軍防空火力

context: zh_tw: 本機基本上延續 F-100 戰機的超音速概念，F-105 通常裝備傳統炸彈和機砲；然而，它一開始本質上是設計成高速低空核武轟炸機。首飛於 1955，服役於 1958。當時是有史以來最大的美軍單人座戰機，載彈量還超過二戰時的許多戰略轟炸機。當 F-105 在越戰早期時幾乎負責所有北越境內轟炸任務。在執行的超過 20,000 架次轟炸中有 382 架戰損（幾乎是所有 833 架的一半）；其中有 62 架是由於機械故障而墜毀。雖然它空戰機動性不如米格機，但是它還是用機砲打下了 27 架敵機。
qas: question: zh_tw: F-150 設計的目的是什麼？
en: What was the F-150 designed for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 高速低空核武轟炸機
海因裡希・赫茲
Heinrich Hertz

context: zh_tw: 在他去柏林洪堡大學就讀之前就已經展現出良好的科學和語言天賦，喜歡學習阿拉伯語和梵文。他曾經在德國德累斯頓、慕尼黑和柏林等地學習科學和工程學。他是柏林洪堡大學著名教授古斯塔夫・基爾霍夫和赫爾曼・馮・亥姆霍茲的學生。1880 年赫茲獲得博士學位，但繼續跟隨亥姆霍茲學習，直到 1883 年他收到來自基爾大學出任理論物理學講師的邀請。1885 年他獲得卡爾斯魯厄大學正教授資格，並在那裡發現電磁波。
en: While studying at the Gelehrtenschule des Johanneums in Hamburg, Hertz showed an aptitude for sciences as well as languages, learning Arabic and Sanskrit. He studied sciences and engineering in the German cities of Dresden, Munich and Berlin, where he studied under Gustav R. Kirchhoff and Hermann von Helmholtz. In 1880, Hertz obtained his PhD from the University of Berlin, and for the next three years remained for post-doctoral study under Helmholtz, serving as his assistant. In 1883, Hertz took a post as a lecturer in theoretical physics at the University of Kiel. In 1885, Hertz became a full professor at the University of Karlsruhe.
qas: question: zh_tw: 赫茲有哪些語言的知識？
en: What languages did Hertz acquire knowledge of ?
answers: zh_tw: text: 阿拉伯語和梵文
en: text: Arabic and Sanskrit
格但斯克
Gdańsk

context: zh_tw: 格但斯克的工業自從工業革命以來，早已形成相當的基礎，主要的工業部門有造船、煉油、化學（磷肥、顏料、油漆）和食品加工，其中造船業尤其具有重要地位，是歐洲最重要的造船業中心之一。格但斯克原列寧造船廠是波蘭規模最大的造船企業，擁有全國 50％的造船能力。同時，諸如電子、通訊、IT 工程、化妝品和製藥等新興產業也正處於上升狀態。
en: The industrial sections of the city are dominated by shipbuilding, petrochemical & chemical industries, and food processing. The share of high-tech sectors such as electronics, telecommunications, IT engineering, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals is on the rise. Amber processing is also an important part of the local economy, as the majority of the world's amber deposits lie along the Baltic coast. The Pomeranian Voivodeship, including Gdańsk, is also a major tourist destination in the summer, as millions of Poles and other European tourists flock to the beaches of the Baltic coastline.
qas: question: zh_tw: 工業領域有哪些高科技產業？
en: What high tech sector does industrial secition share?
answers: zh_tw: text: 電子、通訊、IT 工程、化妝品和製藥
en: text: electronics, telecommunications, IT engineering, cosmetics and pharmaceuticals
昂丹司瓊
Ondansetron

context: zh_tw: 常見的副作用包括腹瀉、頭痛、嗜睡和皮膚搔癢。嚴重的話可能誘發 QT 波延長或是全身性過敏反應。妊娠期間用藥似為安全，但相關證據仍不足夠。此藥物是一種高專一性的血清素 5-HT3 受體拮抗劑。並不會對多巴胺受體或蕈鹼類受器。
en: Ondansetron, marketed under the brand name Zofran, is a medication used to prevent nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or surgery. It is also useful in gastroenteritis. It has little effect on vomiting caused by motion sickness. It can be given by mouth, or by injection into a muscle or into a vein.Common side effects include diarrhea, constipation, headache, sleepiness, and itchiness. Serious side effects include QT prolongation and severe allergic reaction. It appears to be safe during pregnancy but has not been well studied in this group. It is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. It does not have any effect on dopamine receptors or muscarinic receptors.Ondansetron was patented in 1984 and approved for medical use in 1990. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost of the injectable form in the developing world is about US$0.10 to US$0.76 per dose. In the United States it costs about US$1.37 per tablet. In 2016 it was the 91st most prescribed medication in the United States with more than 8 million prescriptions.
qas: question: zh_tw: 你吃了那個藥的副作用是什麼？
en: What can happen to your skin if you take that medicine?
answers: zh_tw: text: 搔癢
en: text: itchiness
文藝復興
Renaissance

context: zh_tw: 文藝復興這場文化運動對近代早期歐洲的學術生活造成了深刻的影響。它從義大利興起，在 16 世紀時已擴大至歐洲各國，其影響遍及文學、哲學、藝術、政治、科學、宗教等知識探索的各個方面。文藝復興時期的學者在學術研究中使用人文主義的方法，並在藝術創作中追尋現實主義和人類的情感。在歐洲的修道院圖書館中和沒落的拜占庭帝國裡，文藝復興時期的思想家們蒐集到了古典時代的文學、歷史和演說文獻。這些文獻大多使用拉丁語或古希臘語寫成，多數內容晦澀難懂。文藝復興時期的學者同 12 世紀文藝復興時期的中世紀學者最顯著的差別在於，前者將文學和歷史等文化方面的文獻作為新的研究重點，而後者只專注於自然科學、物理學和數學的希臘語和阿拉伯語典籍。文藝復興時期的人文學者並不反對基督教；恰恰相反，這一時期眾多的偉大作品都是為宗教而作，而且許多藝術作品得到了教會的贊助。然而，從文化生活的其他領域可以看出，學者們對待宗教的方式還是發生了微妙的轉變。此外，包括希臘語《新約》在內的大量希臘語基督教著作從拜占庭流入了西歐，這是自古典時代末期後，西方學者首次接觸到如此具有吸引力的內容。這些希臘語的基督教作品，特別是由洛倫佐・瓦拉和伊拉斯謨整理完善的希臘語原文《新約》，為後來的宗教改革創造了條件。
en: In the revival of neo-Platonism Renaissance humanists did not reject Christianity; quite the contrary, many of the Renaissance's greatest works were devoted to it, and the Church patronized many works of Renaissance art. However, a subtle shift took place in the way that intellectuals approached religion that was reflected in many other areas of cultural life. In addition, many Greek Christian works, including the Greek New Testament, were brought back from Byzantium to Western Europe and engaged Western scholars for the first time since late antiquity. This new engagement with Greek Christian works, and particularly the return to the original Greek of the New Testament promoted by humanists Lorenzo Valla and Erasmus, would help pave the way for the Protestant Reformation.
qas: question: zh_tw: 希臘語的基督教作品有哪些？
en: What was considered a Greek Christian work?
answers: zh_tw: text: 希臘語《新約》
en: text: Greek New Testament
樂佩公主
Rapunzel (Tangled)

context: zh_tw: 樂佩在全球數個華特迪士尼樂園及度假區裡都有出現過。而佛羅里達華特迪士尼世界度假區及加州迪士尼樂園裡更設立了數座遊樂設施，仿造電影中樂佩活動過的場景，當中還包括了位於佛羅里達的迪士尼神奇王國、以真實比例建成了樂佩居住的高塔。
en: Rapunzel currently makes regular appearances at various Walt Disney Parks and Resorts sites, locations and attractions. In anticipation of the film's theatrical release, several Tangled-based attractions were constructed at various Disney Parks locations in both California and Florida, United States. These include a life-sized replica of Rapunzel's tower, located in Fantasyland.As part of photographer Annie Leibovitz's Disney Dream Portrait Series that she has been commissioning for Walt Disney Parks and Resorts since 2007, The Walt Disney Company hired American country singer-songwriter Taylor Swift to be featured as the model for Rapunzel. In a detailed description of the piece, Us Weekly wrote, "The stunning image — captioned 'Where a world of adventure awaits' — shows the 23-year-old Grammy winner perched on the window ledge of a moss-covered stone tower. A pink petticoat peeks out from under her purple gown as she stares wistfully into the distance, her long golden tresses flowing regally in the wind." Swift told On The Red Carpet that she was honored.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個角色會定期訪問沃特迪士尼樂園？
en: Which character visits Walt Disney Parks on a regular basis?
answers: zh_tw: text: 樂佩
en: text: Rapunzel
康卡斯特
Comcast

context: zh_tw: 康卡斯特集團（英語：Comcast Corporation），曾用名 “康卡斯特控股公司（Comcast Holdings）”，是一家位於美國的全球通訊業綜合企業集團；透過 Xfinity 品牌，其收入在全球電信及有線電視市場均位居第一。 康卡斯特集團同時是美國第二大付費電視服務商；第一大有線電視和家庭網際網路接入服務商，以及第三大家庭電話服務商。康卡斯特集團在全美 40 個州和哥倫比亞特區提供商業服務。 康卡斯特集團的總部位於美國賓夕法尼亞州的費城。 自從 2011 年開始成為國際傳媒集團 NBC 環球集團的所有者， 康卡斯特集團也成為院線、無線電視、有線電視等渠道的電影與電視節目提供商。
en: Comcast Corporation (formerly registered as Comcast Holdings) is an American telecommunications conglomerate headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is the second-largest broadcasting and cable television company in the world by revenue and the largest pay-TV company, the largest cable TV company and largest home Internet service provider in the United States, and the nation's third-largest home telephone service provider. Comcast services U.S. residential and commercial customers in 40 states and in the District of Columbia. As the owner of the international media company NBCUniversal since 2011, Comcast is a producer of feature films and television programs intended for theatrical exhibition and over-the-air and cable television broadcast, respectively.
qas: question: zh_tw: Comcast 在美國多少個不同的州提供服務？
en: How many different states will Comcast provide in the United States?
answers: zh_tw: text: 40 個州
en: text: 40
1780 年大颶風
Great Hurricane of 1780

context: zh_tw: 1780 年大颶風（英語：Great Hurricane of 1780）又名聖卡利克斯託颶風（Huracán San Calixto）、安的列斯大颶風（英語：Great Hurricane of the Antilles）和 1780 年大災難（1780 Disaster），是有紀錄以來最致命的大西洋颶風。這年 10 月 10 日至 16 日，風暴經過小安的列斯群島，共計奪走 2 萬到 2 萬 2000 條人命。由於缺乏文獻記載，美國國家颶風中心的大西洋颶風資料庫又只追溯到 1851 年止，所以颶風的移動路線和具體強度資訊已無法確知。
en: The Great Hurricane of 1780, also known as Huracán San Calixto, the Great Hurricane of the Antilles, and the 1780 Disaster, is the deadliest Atlantic hurricane on record. Between 22,000 and 27,501 people died throughout the Lesser Antilles when the storm passed through them from October 10–16. Specifics on the hurricane's track and strength are unknown because the official Atlantic hurricane database goes back only to 1851.The hurricane struck Barbados likely as a Category 5 hurricane, with at least one estimate of 1-minute sustained wind speeds as high as 200 mph (320 km/h) (greater than any in recorded Atlantic basin history) before moving past Martinique, Saint Lucia, and Sint Eustatius, and causing thousands of deaths on those islands. Coming in the midst of the American Revolution, the storm caused heavy losses to the British fleet contesting for control of the area, largely weakening British control over the Atlantic. The hurricane later passed near Puerto Rico and over the eastern portion of Hispaniola, causing heavy damage near the coastlines. It ultimately turned to the northeast and was last observed on October 20 southeast of Atlantic Canada.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪一年發生了最致命的大西洋颶風？
en: In what year did the deadliest Atlantic hurricane occur?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1780
en: text: 1780
輕子

context: zh_tw: 最先被辨識的輕子是電子，英國物理學者約瑟夫・湯姆森與實驗團隊於 1897 年發現電子。1930 年，沃爾夫岡・包立大膽假設電中微子存在，這是為了解釋 β 衰變的能量缺失問題，挽救能量守恆定律；包立認為，所有最初與最終觀察到的粒子的能量差，都被一種尚未探測到的粒子帶走了，這粒子具有電中性，不會留下軌跡，所以很難探測到。三年後，恩里科・費米給出理論，成功描述 β 衰變，強力支援包立的假設。費米將這粒子命名為「中微子」，意思為「微小的中子」。在那時期，電中微子被稱為中微子，因為尚未發現其它世代的中微子。1956 年，克萊德・科溫與弗雷德裡克・萊因斯共同完成科溫 - 萊因斯中微子實驗首先直接觀察到中微子的存在。在電子被發現大約 40 年之後，卡爾・安德森於 1936 年發現了緲子。由於它的質量，緲子最初被歸類為介子，而不是輕子。漸漸地，學者發覺緲子的性質更接近電子，只是質量比較大，而且緲子不會感受到強相對作用，不具有介子的性質。1947 年，才有學者開始提議一群粒子被歸類為輕子的概念。 後來，緲子被重新歸類，緲子、電子與電中微子一起被歸類為輕子。1962 年 利昂・萊德曼、梅爾文・施瓦茨與傑克・施泰因貝格爾做實驗直接探測到緲中微子，證實不只一種中微子存在。馬丁・佩爾與他的實驗團隊於 1975 年完成實驗首先探測到陶子。如同電子與緲子，物理學者認為它應該也有伴隨的中微子，這是因為他們觀察到類似 β 衰變的缺失能量問題。費米實驗室的直接觀察陶中微子實驗（Direct Observation of the NU Tau，DONUT ）團隊於 2000 年探測到陶中微子參與作用的證據。雖然現有資料符合三個世代的輕子，有些粒子物理學者仍在尋找第四代帶電輕子。這種帶電輕子的質量下限為 100.8 GeV，伴隨它的中微子最少應該帶有質量 45.0 GeV。
qas: question: zh_tw: 考恩和萊恩斯做了什麼實驗？
en: Cowan and Reines undertook which experiment?
answers: zh_tw: text: 科溫 - 萊因斯中微子

context: zh_tw: 使用量子場論的語言，帶電輕子所涉及的電磁相互作用表達為這輕子與電磁場的量子（光子）彼此之間的相互作用。右圖是電子 - 光子相互作用的費曼圖。
qas: question: zh_tw: 這個圖示顯示哪兩個亞原子微粒之間的相互作用？
en: The diagram shows the interaction of which two subatomic particles?
answers: zh_tw: text: 電子 - 光子
羅賓奴
Robinho

context: zh_tw: 2008 年 9 月 1 日，羅比尼奧以破英超轉會費紀錄的 3,250 萬英鎊加盟英超曼城。加盟初期表現出色，但由於與領隊的關係日漸惡劣，他的表現也開始失色。最終於 2010 年 1 月被外借返回母會山度士 6 個月。其間羅賓奴以出色的表現協助球隊羸得聖保羅州足球甲級聯賽及巴西杯冠軍。
en: On 1 September 2008, the final day of the Premier League summer transfer window, Robinho completed a €41–42 million (£32.5M) move to Manchester City on a four-year deal. This occurred on the same day the club was bought out by the Arab investment company Abu Dhabi United Group.Robinho had previously been linked with a transfer to Chelsea, and he had emphasised his desire to play for the London club up to the eve of the transfer. On 27 August, Chelsea chief executive Peter Kenyon said that the club were "confident" that the transaction would go through, and Madrid had also given their consent for the player to leave. Robinho's expectancy to move to Chelsea was such that upon signing for Manchester City he accidentally stated, "On the last day, Chelsea made a great proposal and I accepted." To this comment, a reporter then replied, "You mean Manchester, right?" "Yeah, Manchester, sorry!" answered Robinho.In an interview with The Guardian, Robinho stated that Manchester City being a big club and the presence of Brazilian friends Jô and Elano were incentives for him to join the team. He made his team debut and scored his first Premier League goal on 13 September 2008, coincidentally in a 3–1 home defeat to Chelsea.
qas: question: zh_tw: 羅比尼奧轉到了哪支球隊？
en: Robinho moved to what team?
answers: zh_tw: text: 英超曼城
en: text: Manchester City
亞美尼亞 LGBT 權益
LGBT rights in Armenia

context: zh_tw: 女同性戀，男同性戀，雙性戀和跨性別（LGBT）權益（亞美尼亞語：ԼԳԲՏ իրավունքները Հայաստանում），在亞美尼亞的法律和社會領域中都沒有保障。
en: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights in Armenia are not legislated in both the legal and social spheres.
qas: question: zh_tw: LGBT 代表什麼？
en: What does LGBT stand for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 女同性戀，男同性戀，雙性戀和跨性別（LGBT）權益（亞美尼亞語：ԼԳԲՏ
en: text: Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender
化學
Chemistry

context: zh_tw: 氧化還原的概念和一個物質的原子獲取或者給予電子的能力有關。物質擁有氧化其他物質的能力就被成為氧化性，而此物質被成為氧化劑（oxidizing agents)，或者成為氧化物。一個氧化劑能夠將電子從其他的物質上移走。相應的，具有還原其他物質的物質被稱作有還原性而成為還原劑（reducing agents）或者成為還原物。一個還原試劑能夠傳遞給其他物質電子並且氧化自身。而正因為其 “給予” 了其他物質電子，它還被稱為供電子物。氧化還原的性質與氧化數（oxidation number）有關－－其實真正的給予或者獲取完成的電子並不存在。所以，氧化過程被定義為增加了氧化數，而還原則是降低的氧化數。
en: Redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions include all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation state changed by either gaining electrons (reduction) or losing electrons (oxidation). Substances that have the ability to oxidize other substances are said to be oxidative and are known as oxidizing agents, oxidants or oxidizers. An oxidant removes electrons from another substance. Similarly, substances that have the ability to reduce other substances are said to be reductive and are known as reducing agents, reductants, or reducers.
qas: question: zh_tw: 氧化劑從其他物質中除去什麼？
en: What do oxidants remove from other substances?
answers: zh_tw: text: 電子
en: text: electrons
拉爾夫・斯坦曼
Ralph M. Steinman

context: zh_tw: 他出生在加拿大蒙特利爾的一個猶太人家庭，父母是 Irving Steinman (1995 年去世) 和 Nettie Steinman (née Takefman,1917 年生)，家中有四名子女。後來家庭搬到舍布魯克，在那裡他父親經營一家小型服裝店 ——"Mozart's"。在該地中學畢業後他回到蒙特利爾，與外祖父母 Nathan 和 Eva Takefman 一起生活。他先從麥吉爾大學獲得科學學士，後來於 1968 年從哈佛大學醫學院獲得醫學博士學位 (magna cum laude)。後在麻省總醫院擔任實習醫師。
en: Ralph Steinman was born into an Ashkenazi Jewish family in Montreal, one of four children of Irving Steinman (d. 1995), a haberdasher, and Nettie Steinman (née Takefman, 1917–2016). The family soon moved to Sherbrooke, where the father opened and ran a small clothing store "Mozart's". After graduating from Sherbrooke High School, Steinman moved back to Montreal where he stayed with his maternal grandparents Nathan and Eva Takefman. He received a Bachelor of Science degree from McGill University and received his M.D. (magna cum laude) in 1968 from Harvard Medical School. He completed his internship and residency at Massachusetts General Hospital.
qas: question: zh_tw: 斯坦曼在哪裡就讀中學？
en: Where did Steinman go to high school?
answers: zh_tw: text: 舍布魯克
en: text: Sherbrooke High School
狂犬病疫苗
Rabies vaccine

context: zh_tw: 狂犬病疫苗是指用來預防狂犬病的疫苗。目前已有很多有效且安全的疫苗。在暴露於病毒（例如被狗或蝙蝠咬）之前或之後一段時間都可以施打狂犬病疫苗。在接種三劑後可以有長期的免疫力，一般注射方式是皮膚注射或是肌肉注射。若已暴露在病毒中，除了施打疫苗，還會施打狂犬病抗體。疫苗對人及其他動物都相當有效。狗類接種狂犬病疫苗有助於避免狂犬病散播到人類，現在很多國家和地區都有要求寵物主人為寵物接種狂犬病疫苗的強制規定。
en: Rabies vaccine is a vaccine used to prevent rabies. There are a number of vaccines available that are both safe and effective. They can be used to prevent rabies before and for a period of time after exposure to the virus such as by a dog or bat bite. The immunity that develops is long lasting after a full course. Doses are usually given by injection into the skin or muscle. After exposure vaccination is typically used along with rabies immunoglobulin. It is recommended that those who are at high risk of exposure be vaccinated before potential exposure. Vaccines are effective in humans and other animals. Vaccinating dogs is very effective in preventing the spread of rabies to humans.Rabies vaccines may be safely used in all age groups. About 35 to 45 percent of people develop a brief period of redness and pain at the injection site. About 5 to 15 percent of people may have fever, headaches, or nausea. After exposure to rabies there is no contraindication to its use. Most vaccines do not contain thimerosal. Vaccines made from nerve tissue are used in a few countries, mainly in Asia and Latin America, but are less effective and have greater side effects. Their use is thus not recommended by the World Health Organization.The first rabies vaccine was introduced in 1885, and was followed by an improved version in 1908. Millions of people globally have been vaccinated and it is estimated that this saves more than 250,000 people a year. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 44 and 78 USD for a course of treatment as of 2014. In the United States a course of rabies vaccine is more than 750 USD.
qas: question: zh_tw: 如何執行劑量？
en: How the doses administered?
answers: zh_tw: text: 注射
en: text: injection

question: zh_tw: 哪種疫苗對所有年齡段的人來說都很安全？
answers: en: text: Rabies

context: zh_tw: 狂犬病疫苗對於各個年齡層在施打上都是安全無虞的。大約有 35-45% 的民眾在接踵後會有短暫的紅腫以及在施打部位會有疼痛感，約 5-15% 的人有發燒、頭痛或暈眩的症狀。曾接觸或暴露在狂犬病病毒環境中的患者也沒有接種的疑慮，大多數的疫苗裡都沒有硫柳汞的成份。用神經組織所製造的狂犬病疫苗只在少數國家中使用，多在亞洲與拉丁美洲，但此種疫苗有較多的副作用，在有效性上也不比一般疫苗。因此，世界衛生組織不鼓勵此類疫苗的廣泛使用。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪種疫苗對所有年齡段的人來說都很安全？
en: What type of vaccines are safe for all ages?
answers: zh_tw: text: 狂犬病疫苗
送子鳥 (電影)
Storks (film)

context: zh_tw: 《送子鳥》（英語：Storks）是一部 2016 年美國 3D 電腦動畫喜劇片，為尼可拉斯・史托勒和道格・史威藍德執導，史托勒也負責撰寫劇本，並與布萊德・路易士共同監製。電影同時也是史威藍德的長片導演處女作。配音員包括安迪・山伯格、凱西・葛雷莫、凱蒂・克朗、安東・史塔曼、珍妮佛・安妮斯頓、泰・布瑞爾、基根 - 麥可・奇和喬登・皮爾。
en: Storks is a 2016 American computer-animated adventure comedy film produced by the Warner Animation Group and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. It was directed by Nicholas Stoller and Doug Sweetland (the latter in his feature debut), written by Stoller and stars the voices of Andy Samberg, Katie Crown, Kelsey Grammer, Jennifer Aniston, Ty Burrell, Keegan-Michael Key, Jordan Peele, Stephen Kramer Glickman, and Danny Trejo.
qas: question: zh_tw: Storks 的電影是什麼型別的？
en: What genre of movie can Storks be classified as?
answers: zh_tw: text: 動畫喜劇
en: text: adventure comedy