弗朗茨・卡夫卡
Franz Kafka

context: zh_tw: 1907 年 11 月 1 日，卡夫卡被義大利忠利保險公司聘用。他在這家公司工作了將近一年的時間。在此期間，透過卡夫卡的書信表明他對工作時間從早晨 8 點到下午 6 點並不滿意 —— 使得卡夫卡難以專心於越來越重要的寫作。一年時間不到，在 1908 年 7 月 15 日，卡夫卡在此公司辭職。兩週後，卡夫卡又被波希米亞王國的工傷保險機構聘用。卡夫卡職位晉升很快，兩週後，卡夫卡察覺這份工作比寫作更容易得到父親的接受。卡夫卡的工作涉及到為受到意外事故（如切傷了手指和四肢）造成了人身傷害的工人進行調查並確定相應的賠償金、寫報告和處理一些商人因為自己公司分類風險較高而花過多的保險費用來上訴的事情。管理學教授彼得・德魯克認為世界上首個民用安全帽是由當時的卡夫卡發明的，但工傷保險機構裡卻沒有相關的檔案記錄因而無法證實。卡夫卡的這份僅僅是支付賬單的工作被父親常稱為 Brotberuf 也就是（卡夫卡）的生計，卡夫卡則常常蔑視此工作。在卡夫卡工作的幾年內，卡夫卡每次都為保險公司彙集並整理編輯好該年的年報，年報由他的上級查收並對此很滿意。卡夫卡通常在下午兩點下班，這樣就有更多時間花在他忠於堅定立場的文學著作上。卡夫卡的父親還期望他能為他家開的高檔商品商店幫忙以及接管。在卡夫卡的晚年，身體上的疾病經常在保險公司工作和寫作時造成阻撓。多年後，卡夫卡的朋友布洛德杜撰了 Der enge Prager Kreis（“閉合的布拉格圈” The Close Prague Circle ）來描述由一些作家構成的團體，其包括了卡夫卡、卡夫卡的朋友費利克斯・韋爾特斯以及他。1911 年末，妹妹加布裡埃爾的丈夫卡爾・赫爾曼和卡夫卡在布拉格的第一家石棉工廠：赫爾曼布拉格石棉製造公司（Prager Asbestwerke Hermann & Co.）成為合夥人。創辦該公司挪用了赫爾曼・卡夫卡的嫁妝錢。在最初卡夫卡的態度是十分積極的，將自己空餘時間都投入於此。之後他又開始像之前那樣埋怨這份工作侵犯了他的寫作時間。在那段時期，卡夫卡對意第緒語劇院的表演產生了興趣和樂趣。在 1911 年 10 月，卡夫卡看完一場意第緒語劇團表演後，接下來的 6 個月，卡夫卡沉湎於意第緒語和意第緒語劇院表演。這也是卡夫卡開始對猶太教相關的探索的起點，也是在這個時候卡夫卡成為了一名素食家。在 1915 年左右，卡夫卡收到了一戰的徵兵令，但是卡夫卡所在的保險公司卻安排職工延期工作，因為保險公司被政府認為是為必要的政治服務。之後，他嘗試加入軍隊，但是由於自身在 1917 年被診斷為有結核因而被拒絕。在 1918 年，工傷保險機構因卡夫卡的病狀且由於當時醫院沒有治療的方法而給他補貼了津貼，卡夫卡將自剩餘的大部分時間花在了療養所。
en: On 1 November 1907, Kafka was hired at the Assicurazioni Generali, an insurance company, where he worked for nearly a year. His correspondence during that period indicates that he was unhappy with a work schedule—from 08:00 until 18:00—that made it extremely difficult to concentrate on writing, which was assuming increasing importance to him. On 15 July 1908, he resigned. Two weeks later, he found employment more amenable to writing when he joined the Worker's Accident Insurance Institute for the Kingdom of Bohemia. The job involved investigating and assessing compensation for personal injury to industrial workers; accidents such as lost fingers or limbs were commonplace, owing to poor work safety policies at the time. It was especially true of factories fitted with machine lathes, drills, planing machines and rotary saws, which were rarely fitted with safety guards.The management professor Peter Drucker credits Kafka with developing the first civilian hard hat while employed at the Worker's Accident Insurance Institute, but this is not supported by any document from his employer. His father often referred to his son's job as an insurance officer as a Brotberuf, literally "bread job", a job done only to pay the bills; Kafka often claimed to despise it. Kafka was rapidly promoted and his duties included processing and investigating compensation claims, writing reports, and handling appeals from businessmen who thought their firms had been placed in too high a risk category, which cost them more in insurance premiums. He would compile and compose the annual report on the insurance institute for the several years he worked there. The reports were well received by his superiors. Kafka usually got off work at 2 P.M., so that he had time to spend on his literary work, to which he was committed. Kafka's father also expected him to help out at and take over the family fancy goods store. In his later years, Kafka's illness often prevented him from working at the insurance bureau and at his writing. Years later, Brod coined the term Der enge Prager Kreis ("The Close Prague Circle") to describe the group of writers, which included Kafka, Felix Weltsch and him.In late 1911, Elli's husband Karl Hermann and Kafka became partners in the first asbestos factory in Prague, known as Prager Asbestwerke Hermann & Co., having used dowry money from Hermann Kafka. Kafka showed a positive attitude at first, dedicating much of his free time to the business, but he later resented the encroachment of this work on his writing time. During that period, he also found interest and entertainment in the performances of Yiddish theatre. After seeing a Yiddish theatre troupe perform in October 1911, for the next six months Kafka "immersed himself in Yiddish language and in Yiddish literature". This interest also served as a starting point for his growing exploration of Judaism. It was at about this time that Kafka became a vegetarian. Around 1915, Kafka received his draft notice for military service in World War I, but his employers at the insurance institute arranged for a deferment because his work was considered essential government service. He later attempted to join the military but was prevented from doing so by medical problems associated with tuberculosis, with which he was diagnosed in 1917. In 1918, the Worker's Accident Insurance Institute put Kafka on a pension due to his illness, for which there was no cure at the time, and he spent most of the rest of his life in sanatoriums.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第緒語劇團是什麼時候演出的？
en: when did the yiddish theatre troupe perfom
answers: zh_tw: text: 1911 年 10 月
en: text: October 1911