約翰・列儂
John Lennon

context: zh_tw: 約翰・溫斯頓・小野・列儂，MBE（英語：John Winston Ono Lennon，出生名為 John Winston Lennon；1940 年 10 月 9 日－1980 年 12 月 8 日）是一位英國歌手和詞曲作者，作為披頭士樂隊的創始成員聞名全球，該樂隊是流行音樂史上在商業上最成功的團體。他與樂隊成員保羅・麥卡特尼組成了著名的藍儂–麥卡尼創作組合。
en: John Winston Ono Lennon  (9 October 1940 – 8 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter and peace activist who co-founded the Beatles, the most commercially successful band in the history of popular music. He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership. Along with George Harrison and Ringo Starr, the group achieved worldwide fame during the 1960s. In 1969, Lennon started the Plastic Ono Band with his second wife, Yoko Ono, and he continued to pursue a solo career following the Beatles' break-up in April 1970.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他與誰組成了作曲組合？
en: Who did he form a songwriting partnership with?
answers: zh_tw: text: 保羅・麥卡特尼
en: text: Paul McCartney

context: zh_tw: 列儂在他的音樂、寫作、繪畫、影片和採訪中展現了他反叛的天性和尖酸的幽默。他因參與政治及和平運動而受到爭議。1971 年，他搬家到紐約市曼哈頓。在那裡，列儂對越戰的批評使理查德・尼克松政府長期試圖把他驅逐出境。而他的一些歌曲被反戰運動和 60 年代反文化運動視為聖歌。
en: Lennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music, writing, drawings, on film and in interviews. He was controversial through his political and peace activism. From 1971 onwards, his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a three-year attempt by the Nixon administration to deport him. Some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture.
qas: question: zh_tw: 約翰・列儂的音樂在越戰期間吸引了哪個群體？
en: John Lennon's music appealed to what group during the Vietnam War?
answers: zh_tw: text: 反戰運動和 60 年代反文化運動
en: text: anti-war movement and the larger counterculture.

context: zh_tw: 列儂出生在二戰時期的英國，於 1940 年 10 月 9 日在利物浦婦產科醫院（Liverpool Maternity Hospital）誕生。母親為茱莉亞・列儂（孃家姓 “Stanley”），父親為阿爾弗雷德・列儂（Alfred Lennon），是一位愛爾蘭裔商業海軍（Merchant Navy）船員，兒子出生時不在場。名字約翰・溫斯頓・列儂取自他祖父約翰・“傑克”・列儂和當時的首相溫斯頓・邱吉爾的名字。父親阿爾弗雷德常離家出海，但定期寄支票到母子的住處 —— 紐卡斯爾路 9 號。1944 年 2 月，他從軍隊擅離職守（AWOL)），停止了寄支票。他終於在六個月後回到家，表示願意繼續供養家庭，但那時茱莉亞已懷著另一男人的孩子，拒絕了這一提議。在茱莉亞的姐姐咪咪・史密斯兩次向利物浦的社會服務機構投訴後，茱莉亞把兒子交給她撫養。1946 年 7 月，阿爾弗雷德拜訪了史密斯，把列儂帶到布萊克浦（Blackpool），試圖帶兒子一起偷偷移民紐西蘭。茱莉亞和她當時的戀人 “鮑比”・迪金斯（'Bobby' Dykins）跟蹤了他們，挫敗了阿爾弗雷德的計劃。在一場激烈的爭吵後，阿爾弗雷德迫使列儂在父母中選擇一個。列儂兩次選擇了父親，但當母親走開時，他開始大哭著追了上去。這一別使他直到二十年後才再次和父親取得聯絡。
en: Lennon was born on 9 October 1940 at Liverpool Maternity Hospital, to Julia (née Stanley) (1914–1958) and Alfred Lennon (1912–1976). Alfred was a merchant seaman of Irish descent who was away at the time of his son's birth. His parents named him John Winston Lennon after his paternal grandfather, John "Jack" Lennon, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill. His father was often away from home but sent regular pay cheques to 9 Newcastle Road, Liverpool, where Lennon lived with his mother; the cheques stopped when he went absent without leave in February 1944. When he eventually came home six months later, he offered to look after the family, but Julia, by then pregnant with another man's child, rejected the idea. After her sister Mimi complained to Liverpool's Social Services twice, Julia gave her custody of Lennon. In July 1946, Lennon's father visited her and took his son to Blackpool, secretly intending to emigrate to New Zealand with him. Julia followed them – with her partner at the time, Bobby Dykins – and after a heated argument, his father forced the five-year-old to choose between them. In one account of this incident, Lennon twice chose his father, but as his mother walked away, he began to cry and followed her. According to author Mark Lewisohn, however, Lennon's parents agreed that Julia should take him and give him a home. A witness who was there that day, Billy Hall, has said that the dramatic portrayal of a young John Lennon being forced to make a decision between his parents is inaccurate. Lennon had no further contact with Alf for close to 20 years.Throughout the rest of his childhood and adolescence, Lennon lived at Mendips, 251 Menlove Avenue, Woolton, with Mimi and her husband George Toogood Smith, who had no children of their own. His aunt purchased volumes of short stories for him, and his uncle, a dairyman at his family's farm, bought him a mouth organ and engaged him in solving crossword puzzles. Julia visited Mendips on a regular basis, and when John was 11 years old, he often visited her at 1 Blomfield Road, Liverpool, where she played him Elvis Presley records, taught him the banjo, and showed him how to play "Ain't That a Shame" by Fats Domino. In September 1980, Lennon commented about his family and his rebellious nature:
qas: question: zh_tw: 約翰・列儂的父母取誰的名字而起名？
en: Who did John Lennon parents named him after?
answers: zh_tw: text: 取自他祖父約翰・“傑克”・列儂和當時的首相溫斯頓・邱吉爾的名字
en: text: after his paternal grandfather, John "Jack" Lennon, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill

question: zh_tw: 朱莉婭為何拒絕約翰所提出的照顧家人的提議？
en: Why did Julia reject John's offer to look after the family?
answers: zh_tw: text: 懷著另一男人的孩子
en: text: pregnant with another man's child

question: zh_tw: 約翰・列儂五歲時在父母中選擇了誰？
en: Which parent did John Lennon choose when he was five years old?
answers: zh_tw: text: 父
en: text: his father

question: zh_tw: 誰是茱莉亞的搭檔？
en: Who was Julia's partner?
answers: zh_tw: text: “鮑比”・迪金斯
en: text: Bobby Dykins

question: zh_tw: 列儂的父親想帶他到哪個國家？
en: What country did Lennon's father want to take him to?
answers: zh_tw: text: 紐西蘭
en: text: New Zealand