雪佛龍
Chevron Corporation

context: zh_tw: 加州標準石油於 1984 年和海灣石油合併，成為當時歷史上最大的購併案。在反壟斷條例下，加州標準石油剝離了許多海灣石油的子公司，並把海灣石油的加油站和一個設在美國東部的煉油廠出售。加州標準石油更名為雪佛龍集團。1992 年 6 月，達力智公司（NYSE: DYN）因雪佛龍的天然氣和液化天然氣業務和達力智的前身 Natural Gas Clearinghouse 公司（NYSE: NGC）。NGC 在 1994 年成為綜合天然氣服務公司。2000 年 2 月 1 日完成的一項購併案，伊利諾娃公司（NYSE: ILN）成為達力智公司旗下全資子公司，雪佛龍佔有其 28% 的股份。2001 年，雪佛龍集團兼併了德士古成為雪佛龍 - 德士古。2005 年 5 月 9 日，雪佛龍德士古宣佈放棄德士古一名，重新改回雪佛龍，而德士古依然是雪佛龍集團的一個品牌。2005 年 8 月 19 日，雪佛龍併購了美國加州聯合公司（優尼科），並因為優尼科在東南亞的大量地熱開發而成為世界上最大的地熱能源商。雪佛龍於 2007 年與中國石油天然氣集團公司（中石油）簽訂了一項為期 30 年的天然氣合作開發專案，雪佛龍（優尼科東海有限公司）作為作業方佔有 49% 股份，中石油作為甲方佔有 51% 股份。天然氣專案位於中國四川省東北部地區（達州市宣漢縣）和重慶市開縣。專案於 2008 年組建，2009 年開始修井，一開始預計 2010 年投產。但是這個專案由於各種各樣的原因，進展十分緩慢，終於於 2017 年 2 月成功首氣。
en: In 1911, the federal government broke Standard Oil into several pieces under the Sherman Antitrust Act. One of those pieces, Standard Oil Co. (California), went on to become Chevron. It became part of the "Seven Sisters", which dominated the world oil industry in the early 20th century. In 1926, the company changed its name to Standard Oil Co. of California (SOCAL). By the terms of the breakup of Standard Oil, at first Standard of California could use the Standard name only within its original geographic area of the Pacific coast states, plus Nevada and Arizona; outside that area, it had to use another name. Today Chevron is the owner of the Standard Oil trademark in 16 states in the western and southeastern U.S. To maintain ownership of the mark, the company owns and operates one Standard-branded Chevron station in each state of the area, although its status in Kentucky is unclear after Chevron withdrew retail sales from Kentucky in July 2010.The Chevron name came into use for some of its retail products in the 1930s. The name Calso was also used from 1946 to 1955 in states outside its native West Coast territory.Standard Oil Company of California ranked 75th among United States corporations in the value of World War II military production contracts.In 1933, Saudi Arabia granted California Standard a concession to find oil, which led to the discovery of oil in 1938. In 1948, California Standard discovered the world's largest oil field in Saudi Arabia, Ghawar Field. California Standard's subsidiary, California-Arabian Standard Oil Company, grew over the years and became the Arabian American Oil Company (ARAMCO) in 1944. In 1973, the Saudi government began buying into ARAMCO. By 1980, the company was entirely owned by the Saudis, and in 1988, its name was changed to Saudi Arabian Oil Company—Saudi Aramco.Standard Oil of California and Gulf Oil merged in 1984, which was the largest merger in history at that time. To comply with U.S. antitrust law, California Standard divested many of Gulf's operating subsidiaries, and sold some Gulf stations and a refinery in the eastern United States. (The refinery is currently owned by Sunoco.) Among the assets sold off were Gulf's retail outlets in Gulf's home market of Pittsburgh, where Chevron lacks a retail presence but does retain a regional headquarters there as of 2013, partially for Marcellus Shale-related drilling. The same year, Standard Oil of California also took the opportunity to change its legal name to Chevron Corporation, since it had already been using the well-known "Chevron" retail brand name for decades. Chevron would sell the Gulf Oil trademarks for the entire U.S. to Cumberland Farms, the parent company of Gulf Oil LP, in 2010 after Cumberland Farms had a license to the Gulf trademark in the Northeastern United States since 1986.In 1996 Chevron transferred its natural gas gathering, operating and marketing operation to NGC Corporation (later Dynegy) in exchange for a roughly 25% equity stake in NGC.  In a merger completed February 1, 2000, Illinova Corp. became a wholly owned subsidiary of Dynegy Inc. and Chevron's stake increased up to 28%.  However, in May 2007 Chevron sold its stake in the company for approximately $985 million, resulting in a gain of $680 million.
qas: question: zh_tw: 加州標準石油如何遵守美國反托拉斯法？
en: What did the California Standard do to comply with U.S antitrust law?
answers: zh_tw: text: 剝離了許多海灣石油的子公司，並把海灣石油的加油站和一個設在美國東部的煉油廠出售
en: text: divested many of Gulf's operating subsidiaries, and sold some Gulf stations and a refinery in the eastern United States