鍾芭・拉希莉
Jhumpa Lahiri

context: zh_tw: 鍾芭・拉希莉（1967 年 7 月 11 日－），印度裔美國人，著名小說作家。拉希莉出生於倫敦，兩歲時隨家人移民到美國羅德島州，1989 年於巴納德學院獲得英語文學的文學士學位，其後又于波士頓大學獲得英文等碩士學位，畢業後曾於波士頓大學任教。2001 年，她與時代雜誌拉丁美洲版的編輯阿爾貝託・布什結婚，分別與 2002 年及 2005 年誕下嬰兒，目前定居在義大利羅馬。
en: Lahiri was born in London, the daughter of Bengali Indian emigrants from the state of West Bengal. Her family moved to the United States when she was two; Lahiri considers herself an American and has said, "I wasn't born here, but I might as well have been." Lahiri grew up in Kingston, Rhode Island, where her father Amar Lahiri works as a librarian at the University of Rhode Island; he is the basis for the protagonist in "The Third and Final Continent", the story which concludes Interpreter of Maladies. Lahiri's mother wanted her children to grow up knowing their Bengali heritage, and her family often visited relatives in Calcutta (now Kolkata).When she began kindergarten in Kingston, Rhode Island, Lahiri's teacher decided to call her by her pet name, Jhumpa, because it was easier to pronounce than her "proper name". Lahiri recalled, "I always felt so embarrassed by my name.... You feel like you're causing someone pain just by being who you are." Lahiri's ambivalence over her identity was the inspiration for the ambivalence of Gogol, the protagonist of her novel The Namesake, over his unusual name.  In an editorial in Newsweek, Lahiri claims that she has "felt intense pressure to be two things, loyal to the old world and fluent in the new." Much of her experiences growing up as a child were marked by these two sides tugging away at one other. When she became an adult, she found that she was able to be part of these two dimensions without the embarrassment and struggle that she had when she was a child. Lahiri graduated from South Kingstown High School and received her B.A. in English literature from Barnard College of Columbia University in 1989.Lahiri then received multiple degrees from Boston University: an M.A. in English, an M.F.A. in Creative Writing, an M.A. in Comparative Literature, and a Ph.D. in Renaissance Studies. Her dissertation, completed in 1997, was entitled Accursed Palace: The Italian palazzo on the Jacobean stage (1603–1625). Her principal advisers were William Carroll (English) and Hellmut Wohl (Art History). She took a fellowship at Provincetown's Fine Arts Work Center, which lasted for the next two years (1997–1998). Lahiri has taught creative writing at Boston University and the Rhode Island School of Design.
qas: question: zh_tw: 她何時大學畢業？
en: When did she graduate college?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1989
en: text: 1989

context: zh_tw: 拉希莉的第一本短篇小故事集《醫生的翻譯員》曾被多間發行商拒絕出版，最終在 1999 年成功發行，併為拉希莉贏得 2000 年普立茲小說獎。2003 年，拉希莉的第一本小說《同名之人》出版，並於 2007 年改編成電視劇集，由米拉・奈兒執導，凱爾朋・蘇雷什・默迪、塔布及伊凡・卡漢主演。2008 年，她出版第二本短篇故事集《不適應的土地》，此書為她贏得了全球最高獎金的短篇小說獎 -- 弗蘭克・奧康納獎及 27,000 英鎊的獎金。
en: Lahiri's early short stories faced rejection from publishers "for years". Her debut short story collection, Interpreter of Maladies, was finally released in 1999. The stories address sensitive dilemmas in the lives of Indians or Indian immigrants, with themes such as marital difficulties, the bereavement over a stillborn child, and the disconnection between first and second generation United States immigrants. Lahiri later wrote, "When I first started writing I was not conscious that my subject was the Indian-American experience. What drew me to my craft was the desire to force the two worlds I occupied to mingle on the page as I was not brave enough, or mature enough, to allow in life." The collection was praised by American critics, but received mixed reviews in India, where reviewers were alternately enthusiastic and upset Lahiri had "not paint[ed] Indians in a more positive light." Interpreter of Maladies sold 600,000 copies and received the 2000 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction (only the seventh time a story collection had won the award).In 2003, Lahiri published her first novel, The Namesake. The theme and plot of this story was influenced in part by a family story she heard growing up. Her father's cousin was involved in a train wreck and was only saved when the workers saw a beam of light reflected off of a watch he was wearing. Similarly, the protagonist's father in The Namesake was rescued due to his peers recognizing the books that he read by Russian author Nikolai Gogol. The father and his wife immigrated to the United States as young adults. After this life-changing experience, he named his son Gogol and his daughter Sonia. Together the two children grow up in a culture with different mannerisms and customs that clash with what their parents have taught them. A film adaptation of The Namesake was released in March 2007, directed by Mira Nair and starring Kal Penn as Gogol and Bollywood stars Tabu and Irrfan Khan as his parents. Lahiri herself made a cameo as "Aunt Jhumpa."
qas: question: zh_tw: 《同名之人》在哪一年發行？
en: What year was The Namesake released?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2007 年
en: text: 2007