尼古拉・特斯拉
Nikola Tesla

context: zh_tw: 尼古拉・特斯拉出生於斯米連（英文名 Smiljan，現屬於克羅埃西亞的戈斯皮奇市）的一個村莊，父母都是塞爾維亞人。其出生地屬於奧地利帝國（今克羅埃西亞共和國）的利卡區戈斯皮奇附近。他的受洗紀錄證明他出生於 1856 年 6 月 28 日（格里曆 7 月 10 日）。其父親名為米盧廷・特斯拉（Rev. Milutin Tesla），是一位在斯雷姆斯基卡爾洛夫奇教區的塞爾維亞東正教教堂裡的神父。其母親名為久卡（Đuka）就是一位塞爾維亞東正教神父的女兒，並且非常擅長於製作家庭手工工具。她能背誦許多塞爾維亞史詩，但從未學過認字。他的教父，Jovan Drenovac，是保衛軍事邊疆的陸軍上尉。特斯拉為家中五個孩子之一，有一個哥哥（Dane，在尼古拉五歲時死於騎馬意外）和三個姊妹（Milka, Angelina 和 Marica）。1862 年時他的家庭移居到戈斯皮奇。特斯拉在克羅埃西亞的卡爾洛瓦茨上學，並在 1875 年奧地利的格拉茨科技大學修讀電機工程。在那裡，他學習交流電的應用。至少有兩份資料說明他在格拉茨大學得到學士學位。然而他的學校卻宣稱他從來沒有獲得過學位，他在大學一年級只上了第一學期的課，並且在那期間已經不聽課了。另一些人稱他因交不起第一學期的學費而被迫退學了。據他大學室友所說，特斯拉一直專精於發明，差一點就畢不了業了。在 1878 年，他離開格拉茨並且與家裡斷絕了所有的聯絡。他去了斯洛維尼亞的馬裡博爾，在那裡他首次被聘為助理工程師，為期一年。在這期間他患上了神經衰弱。他的父親一直勸他回到布拉格大學的查爾斯 - 費迪南德大學分校，於是他於 1880 年到那裡讀了夏季學期。然而當他父親死後，又只讀完了一個學期，他就離開了大學。
en: Nikola Tesla was born an ethnic Serb in the village Smiljan, Lika county, in the Austrian Empire (present day Croatia), on 10 July [O.S. 28 June] 1856. His father, Milutin Tesla (1819–1879), was an Eastern Orthodox priest. Tesla's mother, Đuka Tesla (née Mandić; 1822–1892), whose father was also an Orthodox priest, had a talent for making home craft tools and mechanical appliances and the ability to memorize Serbian epic poems. Đuka had never received a formal education. Tesla credited his eidetic memory and creative abilities to his mother's genetics and influence. Tesla's progenitors were from western Serbia, near Montenegro.Tesla was the fourth of five children. He had three sisters, Milka, Angelina and Marica, and an older brother named Dane, who was killed in a horse riding accident when Tesla was aged five. In 1861, Tesla attended primary school in Smiljan where he studied German, arithmetic, and religion. In 1862, the Tesla family moved to the nearby Gospić, Lika where Tesla's father worked as parish priest. Nikola completed primary school, followed by middle school. In 1870, Tesla moved far north to Karlovac to attend high school at the Higher Real Gymnasium. The classes were held in German, as it was a school within the Austro-Hungarian Military Frontier.
qas: question: zh_tw: 特斯拉的姐妹叫什麼名字？
en: What were the names of Tesla's sisters?
answers: zh_tw: text: Milka, Angelina 和 Marica
en: text: Milka, Angelina and Marica,

context: zh_tw: 1900 年，特斯拉拿著 15 萬美元（51% 來自於約翰・皮爾蓬・摩根）開始計劃建造沃登克里弗塔。於 1902 的七月，特斯拉的研究從休士頓街移到了沃登克里弗塔，此塔將被用於全球電力的無線傳輸。但此塔最終在第一次世界大戰期間被拆除而報廢。當時的報紙稱沃登克里弗塔為「特斯拉的百萬大建築」。於 1904 年，美國專利及商標局撤銷了原本的判決，給了古列爾莫・馬可尼無線電的專利權，之後特斯拉便開始他的無線電專利權之戰。1906 年，在他的 50 歲生日之際，特斯拉示範了他的 200 匹馬力（150 千瓦），每分鐘一千五百轉的無葉片渦輪。1900 年－1911 年之間，在紐約的 “水力發電站”（Waterside Power Station），他的一些無葉渦輪引擎在 100–5000 匹馬力進行測試。
en: On his 50th birthday, in 1906, Tesla demonstrated a 200 horsepower (150 kilowatts) 16,000 rpm bladeless turbine. During 1910–1911, at the Waterside Power Station in New York, several of his bladeless turbine engines were tested at 100–5,000 hp. Tesla worked with several companies including from 1919–1922 in Milwaukee, for Allis-Chalmers. He spent most of his time trying to perfect the Tesla turbine with Hans Dahlstrand, the head engineer at the company, but engineering difficulties meant it was never made into a practical device. Tesla did license the idea to a precision instrument company and it found use in the form of luxury car speedometers and other instruments.
qas: question: zh_tw: 50 歲生日在哪一年？
en: What year did the 50th birthday fall on?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1906 年
en: text: 1906