zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
海王星
Neptune

context: zh_tw: 海王星是太陽系八大行星中距離太陽最遠的，體積是太陽系第四大，但質量排名是第三。海王星的質量大約是地球的 17 倍，而類似雙胞胎的天王星因密度較低，質量大約是地球的 14 倍。海王星以羅馬神話中的尼普頓（Neptunus）命名，因為尼普頓是海神王，所以中文譯為海王星。天文學的符號（♆，Unicode 編碼 U+2646），是希臘神話的海神波塞頓使用的三叉戟。
en: Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. In the Solar System, it is the fourth-largest planet by diameter, the third-most-massive planet, and the densest giant planet. Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth, slightly more massive than its near-twin Uranus. Neptune is denser and physically smaller than Uranus because its greater mass causes more gravitational compression of its atmosphere. Neptune orbits the Sun once every 164.8 years at an average distance of 30.1 AU (4.5 billion km). It is named after the Roman god of the sea and has the astronomical symbol ♆, a stylised version of the god Neptune's trident.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第四大行星海王星在哪裡？
en: The fourth largest planet Neptune is where?
answers: zh_tw: text: 太陽系
en: text: Solar System
翁山蘇姬
Aung San Suu Kyi

context: zh_tw: 1945 年 6 月 19 日，翁山蘇姬於仰光出生。1947 年，她父親翁山將軍為緬甸獨立與英國談判，同年被政敵暗殺。1960 年，15 歲的翁山蘇姬隨出任印度大使的母親前往印度。1964 年，在印度中學畢業後入英國牛津大學聖休學院，獲得文學學士學位，主修經濟、哲學與政治，並在此認識了她的丈夫邁克・阿里斯。兩人在 1972 年結婚，婚後育有兩個兒子。翁山蘇姬之後在倫敦大學的亞非學院修畢博士課程。
en: Aung San Suu Kyi was born on 19 June 1945 in Rangoon (now Yangon), British Burma. According to Peter Popham, she was born in a small village outside Rangoon called Hmway Saung. Her father, Aung San, allied with the Japanese during World War II. Aung San founded the modern Burmese army and negotiated Burma's independence from the British Empire in 1947; he was assassinated by his rivals in the same year. She grew up with her mother, Khin Kyi, and two brothers, Aung San Lin and Aung San Oo, in Rangoon. Aung San Lin died at the age of eight, when he drowned in an ornamental lake on the grounds of the house. Her elder brother emigrated to San Diego, California, becoming a United States citizen. After Aung San Lin's death, the family moved to a house by Inya Lake where Aung San Suu Kyi met people of various backgrounds, political views and religions. She was educated in Methodist English High School (now Basic Education High School No. 1 Dagon) for much of her childhood in Burma, where she was noted as having a talent for learning languages. She speaks four languages: Burmese, English, French and Japanese. She is a Theravada Buddhist.
qas: question: zh_tw: 緬甸在何年能從英國帝國中分離出來？
en: When was Burma able to achieve seperation from the British Empire?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1947
en: text: 1947
科學 (期刊)
Science (journal)

context: zh_tw: 該期刊的主要關注點是出版重要的原創性科學研究和科研綜述，此外《科學》也出版科學相關的新聞、關於科技政策和科學家感興趣的事務的觀點。不像大多數科學期刊專注於某一特定領域，《科學》和它的對手《自然》期刊涵蓋了所有學科。根據期刊引證報告，《科學》在 2016 年的影響因子為 37.205。
en: Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals. It was first published in 1880, is currently circulated weekly and has a subscriber base of around 130,000. Because institutional subscriptions and online access serve a larger audience, its estimated readership is 570,400 people.The major focus of the journal is publishing important original scientific research and research reviews, but Science also publishes science-related news, opinions on science policy and other matters of interest to scientists and others who are concerned with the wide implications of science and technology. Unlike most scientific journals, which focus on a specific field, Science and its rival Nature cover the full range of scientific disciplines. According to the Journal Citation Reports, Science's 2015 impact factor was 34.661.Although it is the journal of the AAAS, membership in the AAAS is not required to publish in Science. Papers are accepted from authors around the world. Competition to publish in Science is very intense, as an article published in such a highly cited journal can lead to attention and career advancement for the authors. Fewer than 7% of articles submitted are accepted for publication.
qas: question: zh_tw: 《科學》期刊的主要競爭對手是誰？
en: Who is Science magazine's main competition?
answers: zh_tw: text: 《自然》
en: text: Nature
Xbox 360
Xbox 360

context: zh_tw: Xbox 360 在開發時有著 Xbox Next、Xenon、Xbox 2 和 Xbox FS 等稱呼。Xbox 360 的構想在 2003 年初被提出。2003 年 2 月，由微軟副總裁 J Allard 帶領的 Xenon 軟體平臺設計計劃展開，同月，微軟邀請了四百名遊戲開發者在華盛頓州的貝爾維尤舉行會議，以尋求他們對新遊戲主機的支援。同樣在二月時，前美國 SEGA 總裁 Peter Moore 加入了微軟。2003 年 8 月 12 日，ATI 與微軟簽訂製造新主機顯示晶片的合約，此協議並在簽訂的兩天後公開。在 Xbox 360 正式上市前，多部初期開發套件被發現是用蘋果的 Power Mac G5 所改裝而成。這是因為 Power Mac G5 的 PowerPC 970 處理器架構與 Xbox 360 所使用的 IBM 特製 Xenon 處理器相同。Xenon 處理器的核心是從 PlayStation 3 的 Cell 處理器 PPE 架構些微修改而來。根據 David Shippy 和 Mickie Phipps 的說法，IBM 的員工對索尼和東芝隱藏了這件事。
en: Known during development as Xbox Next, Xenon, Xbox 2, Xbox FS or NextBox, the Xbox 360 was conceived in early 2003. In February 2003, planning for the Xenon software platform began, and was headed by Microsoft's Vice President J Allard. That month, Microsoft held an event for 400 developers in Bellevue, Washington to recruit support for the system. Also that month, Peter Moore, former president of Sega of America, joined Microsoft. On August 12, 2003, ATI signed on to produce the graphic processing unit for the new console, a deal which was publicly announced two days later. Before the launch of the Xbox 360, several Alpha development kits were spotted using Apple's Power Mac G5 hardware. This was because the system's PowerPC 970 processor running the same PowerPC architecture that the Xbox 360 would eventually run under IBM's Xenon processor. The cores of the Xenon processor were developed using a slightly modified version of the PlayStation 3's Cell Processor PPE architecture. According to David Shippy and Mickie Phipps, the IBM employees were "hiding" their work from Sony and Toshiba, IBM's partners in developing the Cell Processor. Jeff Minter created the music visualization program Neon which is included with the Xbox 360.
qas: question: zh_tw: 微軟釋出的 Xenon 的最初構想出現在哪一年？
en: The initial planning for what became the Xenon released by microsoft happened in what year?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2003 年
en: text: 2003

question: zh_tw: Xbox360 是什麼時候建立的？
en: When was the xbox 360 created?
answers: zh_tw: text: 360 的構想在 2003 年初被提出。
en: text: early 2003

context: zh_tw: Xbox 360 於 2005 年 11 月 22 日在美國和加拿大上市，隨後於 12 月 2 日在歐洲、12 月 10 日在日本上市。2006 年 3 月 16 日於香港和臺灣上市。Xbox 360 第一年就在 36 個國家上市，創下游戲主機第一年上市國家數的新紀錄。
en: The Xbox 360 was released on November 22, 2005, in the United States and Canada; December 2, 2005, in Europe and December 10, 2005, in Japan. It was later launched in Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Hong Kong, Singapore, South Korea, Taiwan, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, India, and Russia. In its first year on the market, the system launched in 36 countries, more countries than any other console has launched in a single year.
qas: question: zh_tw: Xbox 360 最初是什麼時候上市的？
en: When was the Xbox 360 initially put on the market?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2005 年 11 月 22 日
en: text: November 22, 2005
泥火山
Mud volcano

context: zh_tw: 而泥火山噴出的泥漿並不一定全是泥土和水的懸浮混合物，當中尚有不少溶在水裡的酸性氣體或化學鹽，甚或含有液態的碳氫化合物。
en: About 86% of the gas released from these structures is methane, with much less carbon dioxide and nitrogen emitted. Ejected materials are most often a slurry of fine solids suspended in water that may contain a mixture of salts, acids and various hydrocarbons.
qas: question: zh_tw: 噴射材料有哪些混合物？
en: what mixtures do Ejected Materials have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 酸性氣體或化學鹽，甚或含有液態的碳氫化合物
en: text: a mixture of salts, acids and various hydrocarbons.
愛丁堡舊城
Old Town, Edinburgh

context: zh_tw: 愛丁堡舊城（低地蘇格蘭語：Auld Toun，也稱愛丁堡老城）是指蘇格蘭首府愛丁堡舊城區部分。城區裡保留了許多歐洲中世紀和蘇格蘭宗教改革時期的建築。愛丁堡老城和 18 世紀建立起來的愛丁堡新城一同被聯合國教科文組織授予了 “世界遺產” 稱號。
en: The Old Town (Scots: Auld Toun) is the name popularly given to the oldest part of Scotland's capital city of Edinburgh. The area has preserved much of its medieval street plan and many Reformation-era buildings. Together with the 18th/19th-century New Town, it forms part of a protected UNESCO World Heritage Site.
qas: question: zh_tw: 愛丁堡舊城的暱稱翻譯成英文是什麼？
en: What does old Edinburgh's nickname translate to in English?
answers: zh_tw: text: 老城
en: text: The Old Town
阿拉伯沙漠
Arabian Desert

context: zh_tw: 阿拉伯沙漠是佔據阿拉伯半島的大部份區域的沙漠，由葉門延伸至波斯灣、阿曼至約旦及伊拉克。其中心為空虛地帶，世上最大的沙體之一。瞪羚、劍羚、沙貓和王者蜥為生存於此一極限環境內適應沙漠的部份物種。其氣候十分地乾燥且日夜溫差極大。其為沙漠及旱生植物區生物群落和古北界生態帶的一部份。
en: Gazelles, oryx, sand cats, and spiny-tailed lizards are just some of the desert-adapted species that survive in this extreme environment, which features everything from red dunes to deadly quicksand.  The climate is mostly dry (the major part receives around 100 mm (3.9 in) of rain per year but some very rare places receive as little as 50 mm), and temperatures oscillate between very high heat and seasonal night time freezes. It is part of the deserts and xeric shrublands biome and the Palearctic ecozone.
qas: question: zh_tw: 瞪羚是什麼種類的物種？
en: What type of species is a Gazelle?
answers: zh_tw: text: 適應沙漠
en: text: desert-adapted

question: zh_tw: 該地區的氣候通常怎樣？
en: What is the climate of the region typically?
answers: zh_tw: text: 乾燥

context: zh_tw: 此一生態區有著較少的生物多樣性，即使有少許的特有種植物生長於此。許多的物種，如條紋鬣狗、胡狼及蜜獾等動物都已因狩獵、人類侵佔和棲地破壞等因素而絕種。其他物種則有成功覆育的，如快絕種的彎角劍羚及沙漠瞪羚都被保護在一定數量上。家畜的過度放牧、越野駕駛及人為棲地破壞是此一沙漠生態區最大的威脅。
en: The Arabian desert ecoregion holds little biodiversity, although a few endemic plants grow here. Many species, such as the striped hyena, jackal and honey badger have become extirpated due to hunting, human encroachment and habitat destruction.  Other species have been successfully re-introduced, such as the Arabian sand gazelle, and are protected at a number of reserves.  Overgrazing by livestock, off-road driving, and human destruction of habitat are the main threats to this desert ecoregion.
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼人類互動導致了蜂蜜獾的消滅？
en: What human interactions have caused the extirpation of honey badgers?
answers: zh_tw: text: 人類侵佔和棲地破壞
en: text: human encroachment and habitat destruction

context: en: The Arabian Desert has a subtropical, hot desert climate, close to the climate of the Sahara Desert ; the world's largest hot desert. In fact, the Arabian Desert is an extension of the Sahara Desert over the Arabian peninsula. The climate is mainly hot and dry with plenty of sunshine throughout the year. The rainfall amount is generally around 100 mm, and the driest areas can receive between 30 and 40 mm of annual rain. Such dryness remains very rare throughout the desert, however. There are hardly any hyperarid
qas: question: zh_tw: 該地區的氣候通常怎樣？
answers: en: text: hot and dry
1928 年冬季奧林匹克運動會
1928 Winter Olympics

context: zh_tw: ，義大利語：i II Giochi olimpici invernali），1928 年 2 月 11 日至 19 日在瑞士的聖莫里茨舉行。這是第一場獨自舉行的真正意義的冬季奧林匹克運動會，因為它與夏季奧林匹克運動會完全無關。前一屆冬季奧運會雖然名為冬季奧林匹克運動會，但是它實際上是 1924 年夏季奧林匹克運動會的一部分。前一屆冬奧會的所有比賽專案都是作為夏季奧運會比賽時刻表的冬季比賽部分，而不是一個單獨的冬季運動會。這些運動會也取代了早期四年一屆的北歐運動會。
en: The 1928 Games were the first true Winter Olympics held on its own as they were not in conjunction with a Summer Olympics. The preceding 1924 Games were retroactively renamed the inaugural Winter Olympics, though they had been in fact part of the 1924 Summer Olympics. All preceding Winter Events of the Olympic Games were the winter sports part of the schedule of the Summer Games, and not held as a separate Winter Games. These games also replaced the now redundant Nordic Games, that were held quadrennially since early in the century.
qas: question: zh_tw: 1924 年奧林匹克運動會的新名稱是什麼？
en: What was the new name given to the 1924 Olympics?
answers: zh_tw: text: 冬季奧林匹克運動會
en: text: Winter Olympics

question: zh_tw: 這個運動會取代了哪一個活動？
en: The games replaced what other event?
answers: zh_tw: text: 冬季運動會
en: text: Nordic Games
聖雄甘地
Mahatma Gandhi

context: zh_tw: 儘管他去倫敦時，嘗試吃肉，但是他後來變成一個嚴格的素食主義者。他在倫敦求學時對此寫過幾本書。在印度教和耆那教中素食主義是根深蒂固的。他的家鄉就有很多印度教徒是素食主義者。他嘗試不同的飲食，最終相信素食足以滿足人體的最小要求。他也曾很長時間禁食，並以此作為政治武器。
en: Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (; Hindustani: [ˈmoːɦəndaːs ˈkərəmtʃənd ˈɡaːndʱi] (listen); 2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British colonial rule. Employing nonviolent civil disobedience, Gandhi led India to independence and inspired movements for civil rights and freedom across the world. The honorific Mahātmā (Sanskrit: "high-souled", "venerable") was applied to him first in 1914 in South Africa and is now used worldwide. In India, he was also called Bapu, a term that he preferred (Gujarati: endearment for father, papa), and Gandhi ji, and is known as the Father of the Nation.Born and raised in a Hindu merchant caste family in coastal Gujarat, India, and trained in law at the Inner Temple, London, Gandhi first employed nonviolent civil disobedience as an expatriate lawyer in South Africa, in the resident Indian community's struggle for civil rights. After his return to India in 1915, he set about organising peasants, farmers, and urban labourers to protest against excessive land-tax and discrimination. Assuming leadership of the Indian National Congress in 1921, Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for various social causes and for achieving Swaraj or self-rule.Gandhi led Indians in challenging the British-imposed salt tax with the 400 km (250 mi) Dandi Salt March in 1930, and later in calling for the British to Quit India in 1942. He was imprisoned for many years, upon many occasions, in both South Africa and India. He lived modestly in a self-sufficient residential community and wore the traditional Indian dhoti and shawl, woven with yarn hand-spun on a charkha. He ate simple vegetarian food, and also undertook long fasts as a means of both self-purification and political protest.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他吃了哪些食物？
en: Which food did he eat?
answers: zh_tw: text: 素食
en: text: simple vegetarian food
埃米・李
Amy Lee

context: zh_tw: 很多支持者之所以推崇艾米，是因為她在自己的歌曲中不像有些樂團那樣為了吸引人氣而加入性的元素，這讓很多人對她讚美有加。她也多次表示自己也不會做出一些暴露的鏡頭來讓公眾注意。事實上，在「Everybody's Fool」的 MV 中，艾米用自己的方式嘲笑那些拿性當作吸引觀眾方式的藝人。
en: In an interview with VEVO stylized, Lee showcased and explained her fashion style, commenting that she would rather make her own clothes because it is hard to find what she exactly wants elsewhere. In an interview with AOL, Lee stated that her daily style is very different from when she performs; pointing out that she was wearing "something floral" during the interview. She explained that her on-stage wardrobe was meant to preserve the atmosphere of the songs and complete the image. In another interview, she stated that when the band first started performing, she would wear corsets to avoid diluting the band's public image, but has gradually become more comfortable with her own style. Her most well-known on-stage style is often characterized by boots, a simple black tank top, a long skirt and various ornaments and accessories. However, while touring in promotion of Synthesis, she wore long dresses in the vein of ball gowns.Lee has stated on a number of occasions that she would never flash her breasts or engage in other publicity stunts that would draw attention to herself. Further, in the music video for "Everybody's Fool", she aimed to mock such artists by suggesting that celebrities who use sex to appeal to an audience are, in fact, merely peddling "lies" (the unifying theme of the music video). Many fans praise Lee for her refusal to emulate other celebrities by using sex appeal in her music.In 2006, Blender listed Lee as one of the hottest women in rock alongside such singers as Joan Jett, Courtney Love and Liz Phair. In 2013, Lee ranked first in NME.com's "Hottest Women in Music" award.
qas: question: zh_tw: 李在哪首歌裡嘲笑藝人？
en: In which song did Lee mock artists?
answers: zh_tw: text: Everybody's Fool
en: text: Everybody's Fool
蘇 - 27 戰鬥機
Sukhoi Su-27

context: zh_tw: Su-27 裝置有蘇聯第一個實際應用的線傳飛行控制系統，這是由蘇霍伊飛機設計局 Sukhoi T-4 轟炸機計劃經驗所發展的。伴隨著相對低的翼面負荷和強大的基本飛行控制，飛機的靈活性超乎尋常的好。甚至在極低的速度和高迎角時仍然可以控制。在航空展中這種飛機曾用眼鏡蛇動作或是動力減速展示過優異的操控性，大約在 120 度迎角還維持飛行高度，向量推力系統經過測試，（也裝置在後續的 Su-30MKI 及 Su-37）使飛機可以進行幾乎是零半徑的轉彎動作。
en: The Su-27 had the Soviet Union's first operational fly-by-wire control system, based on the Sukhoi OKB's experience with the T-4 bomber project. Combined with relatively low wing loading and powerful basic flight controls, it makes for an exceptionally agile aircraft, controllable even at very low speeds and high angle of attack. In airshows the aircraft has demonstrated its maneuverability with a Cobra (Pugachev’s Cobra) or dynamic deceleration – briefly sustained level flight at a 120° angle of attack.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蘇聯第一個實際應用的控制系統是什麼？
en: What kind of control was used during the first Soviet Union operation?
answers: zh_tw: text: Su-27 裝置有蘇聯第一個實際應用的線傳飛行控制系統，這是由蘇霍伊飛機設計局 Sukhoi
en: text: fly-by-wire
水星

context: zh_tw: 水星無四季變化。它也是唯一與太陽軌道共振的行星。相對於恆星，它每自轉三圈的時間與它在軌道上繞行太陽兩圈的時間幾乎完全相等。從太陽看水星，參照它的自轉與軌道上的公轉運動，是每兩個水星年才一個太陽日。因此，對一位在水星上的觀測者來說，一天相當於兩年。
qas: question: zh_tw: 在水星上的人會多久經歷一天？
en: How often would someone on Mercury experience a single day?
answers: zh_tw: text: 每兩個水星年

context: zh_tw: 水星是太陽系內與地球相似的 4 顆類地行星之一，有著與地球一樣的岩石個體。它在赤道的半徑為 2,439.7 公里，是太陽系中最小的行星，水星甚至比一些巨大的天然衛星，像是甘尼米德和泰坦，還要小 － 雖然質量較大。水星由大約 70% 的金屬和 30% 的矽酸鹽材料組成，水星的密度是每立方公分 5.427 公克，在太陽系中是第二高的，僅次於地球的每立方公分 5.515 公克。如果不考慮重力壓縮對物質密度的影響，水星物質的密度將是最高的。未經重力壓縮的水星物質密度是每立方公分 5.3 公克，相較之下地球物質只有每立方公分 4.4。
qas: question: zh_tw: 水星的尺寸與衛星甘尼米德和泰坦相比如何？
en: How does Mercury compare in size to the satellites Ganymede and Titan?
answers: zh_tw: text: 小

context: zh_tw: 水星核心含有的鐵高出太陽系內任何主要的行星，已經有幾種理論被提出來解釋。得到最廣泛支援的理論是水星原本有著類于于常見的球粒隕石金屬 - 矽酸鹽比率的核心，被認為是太陽系內典型的岩石物質，質量大約是目前質量的 2.25 倍。在太陽系早期的歷史中，水星可能遭受到一顆直徑數百公里，質量約為其 1/6 的微行星撞擊。這次撞擊剝離了大量原始的地殼和地函，留下的核心就相對的成為組成中較大的部分。這一假說得到了信使號分光儀對水星表面元素丰度觀測的支援。一個類似的假說，稱為巨大撞擊假說，被用來解釋地球的衛星，月球的形成。
qas: question: zh_tw: 早在太陽系歷史上，哪個行星曾遭到一顆微行星撞擊？
en: What planet may have been struck by a plantesimal early in the Solar System's history?
answers: zh_tw: text: 水星

context: zh_tw: 水星有兩種地質顯著不同的平原。在坑穴之間，起伏平緩、多丘陵的平原，是水星表面可見最古老的地區，早於猛烈的火山口地形。這些埋藏著隕石坑的平原似乎已湮滅許多較早的隕石坑，並且缺乏直徑在 30 公里以下，以及更小的隕石坑。還不清楚它們是起源於火山還是撞擊，這些埋藏著隕石坑的平原大致是均勻的分佈在整個行星的表面。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個行星有兩種地質顯著不同的平原？
en: Which planet has two geologically distinct plain regions?
answers: zh_tw: text: 水星

context: zh_tw: 儘管水星很小和以 59 天的長週期自轉，水星仍有值得注意的全球性磁場。根據水手 10 號的測量，他的強度僅有地球的 1.1%。在水星赤道的磁場強度大約是 300nT。像地球一樣，水星的磁場是雙極的。不同於地球的是，水星的磁極和水星的自轉軸幾乎是一致的。來自水手 10 號和信使號兩艘太空船的測量，都指出水星磁場的強度和形狀都是穩定的。
qas: question: zh_tw: 用什麼測量了水星的磁場強度？
en: What measured the magnetic strength of Mercury?
answers: zh_tw: text: 水手 10 號
藝術家 (電影)
The Artist (film)

context: zh_tw: 《藝術家》（英語：The Artist）是一部 2011 年法國黑白浪漫愛情默片，法國導演邁克爾・哈扎納維希烏斯執導，法國演員尚・杜賈爾登和貝熱尼絲・貝喬主演。故事發生在 1927 年到 1932 年的好萊塢，講述一位走下坡路的男演員和一位正在崛起的女演員之間的故事。
en: The Artist is a 2011 French comedy-drama film in the style of a black-and-white silent film or part-talkie. Written, directed, and co-edited by Michel Hazanavicius, and produced by Thomas Langmann, the film stars Jean Dujardin and Bérénice Bejo. The story takes place in Hollywood, between 1927 and 1932, and focuses on the relationship of an older silent film star and a rising young actress as silent cinema falls out of fashion and is replaced by the "talkies".
qas: question: zh_tw: 《藝術家》由哪些演員主演？
en: The Artist stars which actors?
answers: zh_tw: text: 尚・杜賈爾登和貝熱尼絲・貝喬
en: text: Jean Dujardin and Bérénice Bejo
艾麗斯・芒羅
Alice Munro

context: zh_tw: 1963 年，夫婦倆搬至維多利亞並開了一家流行書店 —— 孟若書店，目前還在經營中。1966 年，女兒 Andrea 出生。1972 年夫婦倆離婚，之後她又回到安大略省並專注於寫作。1976 年她與地理學者 Gerald Fremlin 結婚，徵得 Fremlin 的同意，Alice 保留了前夫的姓氏。婚後，她和 Fremlin 搬到安大略省 Clinton 附近的一個農場居住，Fremlin 於 2013 年 4 月逝世。
en: Munro married James Munro in 1951. Their daughters Sheila, Catherine, and Jenny were born in 1953, 1955, and 1957 respectively; Catherine died the day of her birth due to the lack of functioning kidneys.In 1963, the Munros moved to Victoria where they opened Munro's Books, a popular bookstore still in business. In 1966, their daughter Andrea was born. Alice and James Munro divorced in 1972.
qas: question: zh_tw: 安德莉亞是哪一年出生的？
en: In what year was Andrea born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1966
en: text: 1966
國民議會 (不丹)
National Assembly (Bhutan)

context: zh_tw: 在 2013 年國民議會選舉中，大量的席次擺動到贏得了 32 個席次的人民民主黨（PDP），而繁榮進步黨（DPT）只有 15 席。
en: The 2013 National Assembly election resulted in a large swing to the PDP, who will hold 32 seats to the DPT's 15 when the new assembly convenes.
qas: question: zh_tw: 人民民主黨 PDP 贏得了多少個座位？
en: How many seats will the PDP hold?
answers: zh_tw: text: 大量的席次擺動到贏得了 32 個席次的人民民主黨（PDP），
en: text: 32 seats

context: zh_tw: 國民議會在 1953 年在國王吉格梅・多吉・旺楚克的諭令下設立。國民議會一開始是作為國王的民主化框架下的一院制議會。在 1971 年，國王吉格梅・多吉賦予國民議會以三分之二的多數票來撤下自己或任何自己的繼任者的國王職位的權力。關於國王退位的過程仍然是 2008 年不丹憲法中的一部分，在憲法第二條的規定中，加上取得國會聯席會議（即是把全國委員會也包括進去）的四分之三多數票以及全國性公投來確認此非自願性退位。
en: The National Assembly was originally decreed in 1953 by King Jigme Dorji Wangchuck. The National Assembly began as a unicameral parliament within the King's framework for democratization. In 1971, King Jigme Dorji empowered the National Assembly to remove him or any of his successors with a two-thirds majority. The procedure for abdication remains a part of Bhutan's Constitution of 2008, with the addition of a three-fourth majority in a joint sitting of Parliament (i.e., including the National Council) to confirm the involuntary abdication as well as a national referendum to finalize it. (Art. 2)
qas: question: zh_tw: 1953 年，國王吉格梅・多吉・旺楚克根據法令做了什麼？
en: What did king jigme singye wangchuck do in 1953 by decree?
answers: zh_tw: text: 國民議會在 1953 年在國王吉格梅・多吉・旺楚克的諭令下設立
en: text: The National Assembly was originally decreed
乞力馬扎羅山
Mount Kilimanjaro

context: zh_tw: 19 世紀 80 年代晚期，基博峰山頂完全覆蓋著冰蓋，出口的冰川沿著西面和北面的山坡下滑。除了火山口內的內火山錐，火山口內為常年的積冰，從西側流出一條冰川。對從北部冰場冰川採集到的冰核的分析表明，“乞力馬紮羅的雪”（指冰川）有至少 11700 年的歷史。在冰川最大的時期，連續的冰蓋覆蓋了大約 400 平方公里（150 平方英里）的面積，一直延伸跨越基博峰和馬文濟峰。在從公元前 2200 年開始的 3 個世紀的乾旱時期，仍然有冰川保留了下來。但近年來，山頂積雪融化、冰川消失的現象非常嚴重，從 1912 年到 2009 年的近 80 年間，冰川已萎縮 85%。從 1912 年至 1953 年，峰頂冰川大約每年減少 1%；從 1989 年到 2007 年間，每年減少 2.5%。如果冰川以這個速度消融，大約在 2022 年至 2033 年間，乞力馬扎羅山峰頂的冰川將會完全消失。
en: Kibo's diminishing ice cap exists because Kilimanjaro is a little-dissected, massive mountain that rises above the snow line. The cap is divergent and at the edges splits into individual glaciers. The central portion of the ice cap is interrupted by the presence of the Kibo crater. The summit glaciers and ice fields do not display significant horizontal movements because their low thickness precludes major deformation.Geological evidence shows five successive glacial episodes during the Quaternary period, namely First (500,000 BP), Second (greater than 360,000 years ago to 240,000 BP), Third (150,000 to 120,000 BP), Fourth (also known as "Main") (20,000 to 17,000 BP), and Little (16,000 to 14,000 BP). The Third may have been the most extensive, and the Little appears to be statistically indistinguishable from the Fourth.A continuous ice cap covering approximately 400 square kilometres (150 sq mi) down to an elevation of 3,200 metres (10,500 ft) covered Kilimanjaro during the Last Glacial Maximum in the Pleistocene epoch (the Main glacial episode), extending across the summits of Kibo and Mawenzi. Because of the exceptionally prolonged dry conditions during the subsequent Younger Dryas stadial, the ice fields on Kilimanjaro may have become extinct around 11,500 years BP. Ice cores taken from Kilimanjaro's Northern Ice Field (NIF) indicates that the glaciers there have a basal age of about 11,700 years, although an analysis of ice taken in 2011 from exposed vertical cliffs in the NIF supports an age extending only to 800 years BP. Higher precipitation rates at the beginning of the Holocene epoch (11,500 years BP) allowed the ice cap to reform. The glaciers survived a widespread drought during a three century period beginning around 4,000 years BP.
qas: question: zh_tw: 乞力馬紮羅北部冰場的冰川有多少年曆史？
en: How old are the glaciers taken from Kilimanjaro Northern Ice Fields?
answers: zh_tw: text: 11700
en: text: 11,700 years
心理健康
Mental health

context: zh_tw: 根據世界衛生組織（WHO）的定義，心理健康包括「主觀的幸福感、感覺到個人的效能、自主性、和其他人的互動、可以實現個人在智慧及情感上的潛力等。」。世界衛生組織進一步的指出個人的幸福包括實現其能力、可以克服平常生活中的壓力、富有成效的工作以及對群體的貢獻。文化差異、主觀評估及許多有關的專業理論都影響著「心理健康」的定義方式。另一個心理健康的定義，是由心理分析學家西格蒙德・弗洛伊德提出的：「有工作及愛的能力」。
en: Cultural differences, subjective assessments, and competing professional theories all affect how one defines "mental health".
qas: question: zh_tw: 文化差異、主觀評估以及什麼為「心理健康」的定義方式？
en: Culture, subjective assessments and what contribute to the definition of mental health?
answers: zh_tw: text: 許多有關的專業理論
en: text: competing professional theories
黑天鵝 (電影)

context: zh_tw: 電影描述 Nina 如何在跟 Lily 的競爭中最終找到自己的黑暗面。根據戴倫・艾洛諾夫斯基的構想前提下，透過他製作《天鵝湖》的想法，一名於劇本中未被察覺的替角與被困擾的雙重概念，類似是周邊民間傳說的變形怪 — 一個擁有雙重性格的人類。戴倫引用陀思妥耶夫斯基的《雙重人》作為電影的另一個靈感。導演也認為《黑天鵝》是與他於 2008 年的電影的《力挽狂瀾》作為姊妹篇，這兩出電影都涉及到不同種類有要求的藝術表演，他跟妮妲莉・寶雯於 2000 年首次商量這個電影專案，然後把這個簡短的附件送到環球影城，《黑天鵝》是在 2009 年由福斯探照燈影業於紐約市制作。妮妲莉・寶雯及米娜・古妮絲在拍攝前幾個月進行芭蕾舞訓練，並請來芭蕾舞界的著名人物協助電影製作，塑造芭蕾舞的表演。
qas: question: zh_tw: 電影《黑天鵝》的一個靈感是？
en: What serves as an inspiration for the film Black Swan?
answers: zh_tw: text: 陀思妥耶夫斯基的《雙重人》

context: zh_tw: 《黑天鵝》於 2010 年 12 月 3 日在北美的一些選定城市中的 18 個影院中有一個限定上映，並且得到一個驚喜的票房成功。電影於開幕當日已總共賺得 $415,822 美元，平均每得影院賺得 $23,101 美元。在開幕週末結束時賺得 $1,443,809 美元，平均每得影院賺得 $80,212 美元，平均每個地點收益是 2010 年的最高開畫週末的第二位，僅次於《皇上無話兒》電影是福斯探照燈每影院有史以來平均最高收益，它在全天候電影列表中排行第 21。在上映的第二個週末它擴充套件到 90 個影院，票房收益達 $3,300,00 美元，成為票房的第 6 位。在第三個週末，電影再擴充套件到 959 家影院上映，賺得 $8,383,479 美元。電影於美國共賺得 $106,000,000 美元，全球共賺得 $329,000,000 美元。
qas: question: zh_tw: 這部電影全球總銷量是多少？
en: How much worldwide the film gross?
answers: zh_tw: text: $329,000,000
2018 年蘇拉威西島地震
2018 Sulawesi earthquake and tsunami

context: zh_tw: 地震發生約 5 分鐘後，晚間 6:07 分，印度尼西亞通訊和資訊部透過簡訊的形式向帕盧和棟加拉縣釋出了海嘯預警。其中，棟加拉縣預計將遭到高度為 0.5 至 3 公尺的海嘯侵襲，帕盧預計將遭到高度為 0.5 公尺以下的海嘯侵襲。同時，印度尼西亞的官員們計算了海嘯到達的預計時間，認為海嘯將在地震發生 20 分鐘後到達帕盧。地震發生 25 分鐘後，晚間 6:27 分，印度尼西亞氣象、氣候和地球物理局設立於西蘇拉威西省馬穆朱沿岸的觀測點觀測到了海嘯的第一波。
en: A tsunami warning was issued in Palu and Donggala at 18:07 WITA. Warnings were sent via SMS by the Indonesian Ministry of Communication and Information. Residents of Donggala were told to expect tsunamis with heights of 0.5 to 3 metres, while residents in Palu were told to expect tsunamis with heights of less than 0.5 metres. The tsunami, however, struck higher than expected. Residents of Palu reported waves with heights of more than 2 metres while several others stated that the waves managed to reach the second floor.Indonesian officials calculated the estimated time of arrival of the tsunami. Calculations suggested that the tsunami would arrive in Palu approximately 20 minutes after the earthquake. Around 18:27 WITA, the Indonesian meteorological agency (BMKG) in Mamuju detected tsunamis. A tsunami warning was issued, and later lifted. The BMKG claimed the warning was lifted after the tsunami had struck, but the timing is unclear, and the agency was criticized on social media.Even though officials did send warnings via telephone and television, tsunami alarms were not activated. The Palu Nomoni Festival in Talise Beach  continued and most of the festival attendees did not realize that there was a possibility of a tsunami. Eyewitnesses even stated that some people were still strolling on the beach when the tsunami struck. It was estimated that hundreds were caught off guard and swept away by the waves.The Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics (BMKG) later admitted that the tsunami detectors in Palu were damaged in the earthquake. The shaking was violent enough to damage the tsunami detectors in Palu, as further examination revealed that none of the detectors were able to send signals to alert residents.As Palu was located at the end of a narrow bay, the tsunami's force was intensified when the waters entered. Officials confirmed that the waves that struck Palu had actually reached a height of 5 metres, with some as nearly as high as 6 metres.The tsunami caught geologists by surprise. Since the earthquake was a strike-slip earthquake, the tsunami was expected to be at a low height, with a maximum height of approximately 2 metres. During a strike-slip earthquake, the movements of the crusts were largely in horizontal motion while most tsunamis occurred in earthquakes with vertical motion. One explanation is that the earthquake triggered underwater landslides, causing the tsunami. A study of coastal liquefaction has suggested that 84% of the tsunami amplitude was a result of the combined effect of coastal and submarine landslides, based on an analysis of
qas: question: zh_tw: 根據計算，海嘯何時到達？
en: When would the tsunami arrive according to calculations ?
answers: zh_tw: text: 地震發生 20 分鐘後
en: text: 20 minutes after the earthquake
日本宗教
Religion in Japan

context: zh_tw: 在《日本書紀》中，佛教於 552 年（公元 6 世紀）由朝鮮半島百濟國傳入日本，7 世紀初，聖德太子興建法隆寺，致力推廣並普及佛教。根據 2010 年東本願寺僧侶的調查，淨土宗系（含淨土真宗）宗派佔大多數，約佔 47%；日蓮宗系（含創價學會）的宗派約佔 21%；禪宗系的宗派約 16%；密教系（含臺密與東密）約 12%，其餘 4%。
en: Buddhism (仏教 Bukkyō) first arrived in Japan in the 6th century, it was introduced in the year 538 or 552 from the kingdom of Baekje in Korea. The Baekje king sent the Japanese emperor a picture of the Buddha and some sutras. After overcoming brief yet violent oppositions by conservative forces, it was accepted by the Japanese court in 587. The Yamato state ruled over clans (uji) centered around the worship of ancestral nature deities. It was also a period of intense immigration from Korea, horse riders from northeast Asia, as well as cultural influence from China, that had been unified under the Sui dynasty becoming the crucial power on the mainland. Buddhism was functional to affirm the state's power and mold its position in the broader culture of East Asia. Japanese aristocrats set about building Buddhist temples in the capital at Nara, and then in the later capital at Heian (now Kyoto).The six Buddhist sects initially established in Nara are today together known as "Nara Buddhism" and are relatively small. When the capital moved to Heian, more forms of Buddhism arrived from China, including the still-popular Shingon Buddhism, an esoteric form of Buddhism similar to Tibet's Vajrayana Buddhism, and Tendai, a monastic conservative form known better by its Chinese name, Tiantai.
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼宗教最初在 500 年代傳入日本？
en: What religion initially came to Japan in the 500s?
answers: zh_tw: text: 佛教
en: text: Buddhism
吉米・佩奇

context: zh_tw: 佩奇在學生時代就經常在倫敦的華蓋俱樂部演出，與其合作的藝人包括西里爾・戴維斯、亞歷克西斯・科爾納、埃裡克・克萊普頓和兒時夥伴傑夫・貝克。一天，布萊恩・霍華德與剪影樂隊（Brian Howard & the Silhouettes）的約翰・吉布（John Gibb）讓他為哥倫比亞留聲機公司的唱片錄製提供協助。隨後，迪卡唱片給了佩奇第一份正式的錄音室工作。他的第一次錄音期是錄製杰特・哈里斯和託尼・米漢的歌曲《Diamonds》，這首歌在 1963 年早期成為英國冠軍單曲。
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰有晚看見佩奇？
en: who saw page one night?
answers: zh_tw: text: 布萊恩・霍華德與剪影樂隊（Brian Howard & the Silhouettes）的約翰・吉布

context: zh_tw: 佩奇成為了全職錄音室樂手，在搖滾樂剛剛開始崛起的英國小有名氣。在這個時期，他的別稱為 “小吉姆”，以防和另一位知名錄音室樂手大吉姆・蘇利文混淆。誰人樂隊和奇想樂團的製作人謝爾・塔爾米青睞佩奇的工作，讓他參與這兩支樂隊唱片的錄製。他在奇想樂隊處女作專輯裡的兩首歌中彈奏十二絃原聲吉他，還在誰人樂隊的首張單曲《I Can't Explain》中彈奏節奏吉他，在 B 面曲中擔任主音吉他手（儘管皮特・湯申德對此感到不滿）。佩奇作為錄音室樂手合作過的其他藝人和團體包括滾石樂隊、範・莫里森和瑪麗安・費斯福等。佩奇還記得自己為披頭士樂隊 1964 年的電影《一夜狂歡》彈過吉他。據說，在 1963 年至 1965 年期間錄製的所有唱片中，佩奇參與的錄音佔全部的 60%。
qas: question: zh_tw: 邁克・利安德也稱為什麼？
en: How was Mike Leander also known as?
answers: zh_tw: text: 小吉姆

context: zh_tw: 關於他具體參與了哪些歌曲，以及他在各個錄音中扮演的角色，佩奇指出因參與的錄音期過多，他無法準確地回憶自己做過的事。在一次廣播採訪中，他解釋道：“我那時一天參與三個錄音期，一週十五個。有時我和一個團體合作，有時我做電影音樂，或者是民謠錄音…… 我能適應所有不同的角色。” 後來，在斯塔克斯唱片的影響下，銅管和管絃樂伴奏在流行樂壇中逐漸風靡，擠佔了吉他的位置，因此佩奇停止了錄音室工作。佩奇認為他作為錄音室樂手的經歷非常寶貴，他說：“[但] 我甚至在自己最糟糕的錄音期都學到了東西 —— 相信我，我在一些可怕的唱片中彈奏過。當我開始接到讓我做罐頭音樂的電話後，我最終決定不幹了。我不想再過那樣的生活；這一切變得太傻了。我辭職一週後，保羅・山姆威爾 - 史密斯離開了雛鳥樂隊，而我能頂替他的位置，我猜這是命運”。
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰被問及其在某些歌曲中的角色？
en: Who was questioned about their role in certain songs?
answers: zh_tw: text: 佩奇

context: zh_tw: 1964 年末，佩奇被詢問取代雛鳥樂隊吉他手埃裡克・克萊普頓的可能性，他出於對朋友的忠誠拒絕了。1965 年 2 月，克萊普頓退出了樂隊，佩奇正式收到了頂替他的邀請。但他不願放棄自己收入豐厚的錄音室樂手工作，還擔心自己的健康難以承受巡演，便推薦了好友傑夫・貝克。1966 年 5 月 16 日，佩奇、貝克、鼓手凱思・穆恩、貝斯手約翰・保羅・瓊斯和鍵盤手尼基・霍普金斯一起錄製了《吉他樂器獨奏演奏曲 Beck's Bolero》。這個經歷讓佩奇產生了組建超級樂團的想法，讓貝克擔任吉他手，誰人樂隊的約翰・恩特維斯托和凱思・穆恩分別擔任貝斯手和鼓手。然而，缺乏一個強大的主唱，以及合約問題導致這個想法沒能實現。
qas: question: zh_tw: 佩奇是在什麼時候替代了雛鳥樂隊中的克萊普頓？
en: When was Page asked to replace Clapton in the Yardbirds?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1964

question: zh_tw: 什麼阻止了超級樂團的形成？
en: What stopped the formation of the super group?
answers: zh_tw: text: 缺乏一個強大的主唱，以及合約問題導致這個想法沒能實

context: zh_tw: 幾周後，佩奇在牛津觀看了一場雛鳥樂隊演唱會。結束後，他到後臺與樂隊打招呼，得知貝斯手保羅・山姆威爾 - 史密斯宣佈退出樂隊。他提出讓自己加入，得到了樂隊的同意。他起初彈奏貝斯，隨後在克里斯・德雷加轉彈貝斯後和貝克組成雙主音吉他。這個陣容在音樂上的潛能因成員間的衝突和商業上的失敗沒有得到良好發展。在貝克離隊後，雛鳥樂隊成為一支四人樂隊。他們以佩奇為主音吉他手錄製了一張專輯《Little Games》，但專輯在口碑和銷量上都沒有成功，在公告牌上僅達到第 80 位。
qas: question: zh_tw: 貝克離隊後，雛鳥樂隊有幾名成員？
en: How many members did the Yardbirds have after Beck left the band?
answers: zh_tw: text: 四人
PageRank
PageRank

context: zh_tw: 最終的機率將透過一個在 0 與 1 之間的數值體現。機率為 0.5 通常意味著該事件有 50% 的可能性發生。因此，“PR=0.5” 代表 “有 50% 的可能性，某人點選了一個隨機的連結並訪問了該連結指向的檔案”。
en: A probability is expressed as a numeric value between 0 and 1. A 0.5 probability is commonly expressed as a "50% chance" of something happening. Hence, a PageRank of 0.5 means there is a 50% chance that a person clicking on a random link will be directed to the document with the 0.5 PageRank.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在這個例子中，0 與 1 之間的數值體現了什麼？
en: What is expressed between the values of 0 and 1 in this instance?
answers: zh_tw: text: 機率
en: text: probability

context: zh_tw: 這個方程式引入了隨機瀏覽者（random surfer）的概念，即假設某人在瀏覽器中隨機開啟某些頁面並點選了某些連結。為了便於理解，這裡假設上網者不斷點選網頁上的連結直到進入一個沒有外部連結的網頁，此時他會隨機瀏覽其他的網頁（可以與之前的網頁無關）。
en: The formula uses a model of a random surfer who gets bored after several clicks and switches to a random page. The PageRank value of a page reflects the chance that the random surfer will land on that page by clicking on a link. It can be understood as a Markov chain in which the states are pages, and the transitions, which are all equally probable, are the links between pages.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這個方程式使用了哪種模型？
en: Which model does the formula utilize?
answers: zh_tw: text: 隨機瀏覽者
en: text: random surfer who gets bored after several clicks and switches to a random page
麥加
Mecca

context: zh_tw: 麥加的正式教育在奧斯曼帝國晚期開始，並由雜湊姆統治階層延續下去。首先改善麥加教育的人是吉達商人穆罕默德・阿里・宰納勒・裡阿（Muhammad ʿAlī Zaynal Riḍā）。他於 1911 到 1912 年間在麥加創立了「成功學校」（Madrasat al-Falāḥ），耗資 400,000 英鎊。麥加有很多公立與私立學校，分成男校和女校。2005 年，麥加共有 532 所男子公私立學校，女子則有 681 所。公立和私立學校的教學語言都是阿拉伯語，同時著重第二語言英語。但是有些外國人設立的私立學校，例如國際學校，則使用英語教學。國際學校也允許男女合校。
en: Formal education started to be developed in the late Ottoman period continuing slowly into and Hashimite times. The first major attempt to improve the situation was made by a Jeddah merchant, Muhammad ʿAlī Zaynal Riḍā, who founded the Madrasat al-Falāḥ in Mecca in 1911–12 that cost £400,000.The school system in Mecca has many public and private schools for both males and females. As of 2005, there were 532 public and private schools for males and another 681 public and private schools for female students. The medium of instruction in both public and private schools is Arabic with emphasis on English as a second language, but some private schools founded by foreign entities such as International schools use the English language for medium of instruction. They also allow mixing between males and females while other schools do not.
qas: question: zh_tw: 2005 年，有多少所公私立學校？
en: How many schools existed that were public and private in 2005?
answers: zh_tw: text: 532
en: text: 532

question: zh_tw: 接著奧斯曼的是哪個時期？
en: Which period followed the Ottoman?
answers: zh_tw: text: 雜湊姆
en: text: Hashimite times
一級方程式賽車
Formula One

context: zh_tw: 一級方程式錦標賽是有著漫長曆史的世界級賽車運動，其前身為 1920 年代和 1930 年代舉辦的歐洲大獎賽。1946 年，新規則「Formula One」商定成功，並舉行首場非錦標賽。一些大獎賽組織機構戰前就已制定世界錦標賽的規則，無奈賽事止於戰爭，到 1947 年才正式出現世界車手錦標賽。第一場世界錦標賽於 1950 年在英國銀石賽道舉行。1958 年製造商冠軍被引入。1960 年代和 1970 年代南非和英國還存在全國錦標賽。而非錦標一級方程式多年之後由於競爭成本增加，於 1983 年結束。
en: The Formula One series originated with the European Championship of Grand Prix motor racing (q.v. for pre-1947 history) of the 1920s and 1930s. The formula is a set of rules that all participants' cars must meet. Formula One was a new formula agreed upon after World War II during 1946, with the first non-championship races being held that year. The first one, the first Formula 1 race ever, was the Turin Grand Prix. A number of Grand Prix racing organisations had laid out rules for a world championship before the war, but due to the suspension of racing during the conflict, the World Drivers' Championship was not formalised until 1947. The first world championship race was held at Silverstone, United Kingdom in 1950. A championship for constructors followed in 1958. National championships existed in South Africa and the UK in the 1960s and 1970s. Non-championship Formula One events were held for many years, but due to the increasing cost of competition, the last of these occurred in 1983. On 26 November 2017, Formula One unveiled its new logo, following the 2017 season finale in Abu Dhabi during the Abu Dhabi Grand Prix at Yas Marina Circuit. The new logo replaced F1's iconic 'flying one', which had been the sport's trademark since 1993.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第一屆世界大獎賽於何時舉行？
en: When was the first World Grand Prix held?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1950 年
en: text: 1950

question: zh_tw: 非錦標一級方程式活動什麼時候最後一次舉行？
en: When was the last time a Formula One event was held which was not a championship event?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1983
en: text: 1983

question: zh_tw: 一級方程式從哪一部分開始？
en: In which section did Formula One start from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 歐洲大獎賽
en: text: European Championship of Grand Prix
全面啟動
Inception

context: zh_tw: 唐姆・柯柏（Dominick "Dom" Cobb；李奧納多・狄卡皮歐飾）是一名「盜夢者」（extractor），與搭檔亞瑟（Arthur）利用潛意識進入別人夢境竊取商業機密。於一次任務中，柯柏與亞瑟入侵日本國際企業老闆齊藤（Saito）的夢境意識，但柯柏的已故妻子茉兒（Mal）於夢中出現使任務失敗。齊藤事後透露自己是有意讓他們潛入以考驗二人技術，並安排了一個任務予他們：齊藤的商業對手莫瑞斯・費雪（Maurice Fischer）病篤，因此欲透過意念植入（inception）使莫瑞斯兒子兼繼承人羅勃・費雪（Robert Fischer）瓦解其家族企業，並保證任務成功後可撤銷柯柏揹負的謀殺罪名讓他返回美國與子女團聚。柯柏接受了任務後著手組織了任務團隊，找來在大學研究建造夢境的「築夢師」亞麗雅德（Ariadne）、能在夢境中易容的「偽裝者」伊姆斯（Eames）、配製鎮定劑讓多層夢境穩定的「藥劑師」尤瑟夫（Yusuf）以及亞瑟。齊藤為核實夢境成果亦加入團隊。
en: Dominick "Dom" Cobb and Arthur are "extractors": they perform corporate espionage using experimental military technology to infiltrate the subconscious of their targets and extract valuable information through a shared dream world. Their latest target, Japanese businessman Saito, reveals that he arranged their mission himself to test Cobb for a seemingly impossible job: implanting an idea in a person's subconscious, or "inception". To break up the energy conglomerate of ailing competitor Maurice Fischer, Saito wants Cobb to convince Fischer's son and heir, Robert, to dissolve his father's company. In return, Saito promises to use his influence once the job is done to clear Cobb's apparent criminal status, which prevents him from returning home to his children.
qas: question: zh_tw: 柯柏的名字叫什麼？
en: Was is Cobb's first name?
answers: zh_tw: text: 唐姆・柯柏（Dominick
en: text: Dominick
叢林奇譚
The Jungle Book

context: zh_tw: 《叢林奇譚》（英語：The Jungle Book，1894 年，又稱《叢林之書》、《叢林故事》等，其中毛克利的故事又稱做《森林王子》）是由魯德亞德・吉卜林著作的故事集。本故事集第 1 次刊登在 1893 年至 1894 年的雜誌上。原始的出版品包含了繪畫圖案，一些是由魯德亞德的父親，約翰・洛克伍德・吉卜林繪圖。吉卜林出生於印度，並且在 6 歲之前也生活在印度。直到大約 10 年的英國生活後，他回到印度居住了大約 6 年半。當吉卜林居住於佛蒙特時，寫下了這些故事。
en: The stories were first published in magazines in 1893–94. The original publications contain illustrations, some by the author's father, John Lockwood Kipling. Rudyard Kipling was born in India and spent the first six years of his childhood there. After about ten years in England, he went back to India and worked there for about six-and-a-half years. These stories were written when Kipling lived in Naulakha, the home he built in Dummerston, Vermont, in the United States. There is evidence that Kipling wrote the collection of stories for his daughter Josephine, who died from pneumonia in 1899, aged 6; a first edition of the book with a handwritten note by the author to his young daughter was discovered at the National Trust's Wimpole Hall in Cambridgeshire, England, in 2010.
qas: question: zh_tw: 吉卜林在英國度過了多少年？
en: How many years did Rudyard Kipling spend in England?
answers: zh_tw: text: 10 年
en: text: ten years
聖帕特里克節
Saint Patrick's Day

context: zh_tw: 公元 432 年，聖派翠克受教皇派遣前往愛爾蘭勸說愛爾蘭人改信天主教。聖派翠克從威克洛上岸後，當地憤怒的非天主教徒企圖用石頭將他砸死。聖派翠克臨危不懼，當即摘下一棵三葉苜蓿，形象地闡明瞭聖父、聖子、聖靈「三位一體」的教義。他的演說使愛爾蘭人深受感動，接受了聖派翠克主施的隆重洗禮。461 年 3 月 17 日，聖派翠克逝世，愛爾蘭人為了紀念他，將這一天定為聖派翠克節。
en: According to tradition, Patrick returned to Ireland to convert the pagan Irish to Christianity. The Declaration says that he spent many years evangelising in the northern half of Ireland and converted "thousands". Patrick's efforts against the druids were eventually turned into an allegory in which he drove "snakes" out of Ireland, despite the fact that snakes were not known to inhabit the region.
qas: question: zh_tw: 為什麼聖派翠克返回愛爾蘭？
en: why did Patrick return to Ireland?
answers: zh_tw: text: 勸說愛爾蘭人改信天主教
en: text: to convert the pagan Irish to Christianity
初等代數
Elementary algebra

context: zh_tw: 它允許涉及未知的數字。在一個問題的內容裡，變數或許代表某一還不確定，但可能可以經由方程的規劃及操縱來解開的數值。
en: Variables may represent numbers whose values are not yet known. For example, if the temperature of the current day, C, is 20 degrees higher than the temperature of the previous day, P,  then the problem can be described algebraically as
qas: question: zh_tw: 變數代表什麼？
en: What do variables represent?
answers: zh_tw: text: 未知的數字
en: text: values are not yet known
澳洲航空

context: zh_tw: 1920 年 11 月 16 日，昆士蘭和北領地航空服務公司（Queensland and Northern Territory Aerial Services Limited，簡稱 “QANTAS”）在昆士蘭溫士頓（Winston）成立。航空公司的第一架飛機是阿弗羅 504 雙翼機。當時昆士蘭和北領地航空公司總部在溫士頓，1921 年遷往朗瑞治（Longreach），1930 年遷往布里斯班。
qas: question: zh_tw: 昆士蘭和北領地航空服務公司的第一架飛機是什麼？
en: What was Qantas' first aircraft?
answers: zh_tw: text: 阿弗羅 504 雙翼機

question: zh_tw: 昆士蘭和北領地航空服務公司何時成立？
en: When was Qantas founded?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1920 年 11 月 16 日

context: zh_tw: 1934 年，昆士蘭和北領地航空與英國的帝國航空公司（英國航空的前身之一）合資組建了新的澳洲帝國航空公司（Qantas Empire Airways Limited，簡稱 QEA）。新建立的航空公司 1934 年 12 月開始運營，始飛航線由布里斯班到達爾文。QEA 從 1935 年 5 月開始飛行國際航線，將達爾文航線延伸至新加坡（帝國航空則運營從新加坡到倫敦的剩餘航段。第二次世界大戰開始後，敵方攻擊和意外事故將 QEA 共十架飛機的機隊摧毀了一半，當時機隊大部分由澳大利亞政府徵收用於戰事。水上飛機航線在 1943 年恢復，從珀斯的天鵝河（Swan River）到錫蘭（今斯里蘭卡的肯克拉湖（Koggala）。這條航線連線英國海外航空（BOAC，即帝國航空的繼任公司）到倫敦的航線。澳航的袋鼠標誌在 1944 年啟用，最早使用的是悉尼到卡拉奇的 “袋鼠航線”，英國海外航空運營從卡拉奇到英國的剩餘航段。1947 年，QEA 被由工黨總理本・奇夫利領導的澳大利亞政府收歸國有。母公司 QANTAS 公司同時被清算關閉。國有化後，澳航在昆士蘭的剩餘國內航線網路被劃撥給同為國有的跨澳航空公司，這樣澳航僅留下國際航線。國有化之後不久，QEA 第一次開通大英帝國之外的航線 —— 至東京。大約同時澳航開始至香港的航線。1957 年，新的總部大樓 “澳航大樓”（Qantas House）在悉尼揭幕。1959 年 6 月，澳航邁入噴氣時代，接收了第一架波音 707-138 客機。1992 年 9 月 14 日，Qantas 收購了同為國有的國內航空公司澳洲航空公司（Australian Airlines）（由跨澳航空公司在 1986 年改名而來）。次年國內航線改變標示為 “Qantas”。1993-1997 年之間，澳航逐步私有化。根據當時為了允許澳航私有化透過的法律，澳航必須有至少 51% 的股份由澳大利亞股東持有。
qas: question: zh_tw: 澳洲帝國航空有限公司在哪一年擴充套件到全球？
en: What year did Qantas Empire Airways Limited expand globally?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1935 年
電視廣告
Television advertisement

context: zh_tw: 動畫也經常使用在廣告中，從手繪的傳統動畫到現代的電腦動畫。運用動畫角色可以做到人類演員無法完成的演出，或是更細緻的產品展現。因此這類的動畫廣告（或是一系列的動畫廣告），通常能播出很長的一段時間，許多情況下甚至長達數十年。在美國，家樂氏的谷片廣告系列，其中的動畫角色「Snap」、「Crackle」和 「Pop」，已經演出廣告多年，有時候還會與真人演員結合演出。
en: Animation is often used in advertisements. The pictures can vary from hand-drawn traditional animation to computer animation. By using animated characters, an advertisement may have a certain appeal that is difficult to achieve with actors or mere product displays. Animation also protects the advertisement from changes in fashion that would date it. For this reason, an animated advertisement (or a series of such advertisements) can be very long-running, several decades in many instances. Notable examples are the series of advertisements for Kellogg's cereals, starring Snap, Crackle and Pop and also Tony the Tiger. The animation is often combined with real actors. Animated advertisements can achieve lasting popularity. In any popular vote for the most memorable television advertisements in the UK, such as on ITV or Channel 4, the top positions in the list invariably include animations, such as the classic Smash and Creature Comforts advertisements.
qas: question: zh_tw: 為什麼要使用動畫角色？
en: why use animated characters ?
answers: zh_tw: text: 做到人類演員無法完成的演出
en: text: an advertisement may have a certain appeal that is difficult to achieve

question: zh_tw: 什麼最終能執行很長時間，可能長達數十年？
en: What can end up running very long, possibly for decades?
answers: zh_tw: text: 動畫廣告
en: text: an animated advertisement
陽光動力號
Solar Impulse

context: zh_tw: 原型機通稱為「陽光動力 1 號」（Solar Impulse 1，航空器註冊編號：HB-SIA），被設計為可在空中停留 36 小時。2009 年 12 月，原型機進行了首次試飛；2010 年 7 月，它完成了一個長達 26 小時，完整的晝夜迴圈飛行，其中有將近 9 小時是夜間飛行。2012 年，兩人又完成了僅依靠太陽能為動力，由瑞士到西班牙，再到北非摩洛哥的跨洲飛行。之後的 2013 年，再完成了橫跨美國西岸到東岸的飛行。
en: Solar Impulse is a Swiss long-range experimental solar-powered aircraft project, and also the name of the project's two operational aircraft. The privately financed project is led by Swiss engineer and businessman André Borschberg and Swiss psychiatrist and balloonist Bertrand Piccard, who co-piloted Breitling Orbiter 3, the first balloon to circle the world non-stop. The Solar Impulse project's goals were to make the first circumnavigation of the Earth by a piloted fixed-wing aircraft using only solar power and to bring attention to clean technologies.The aircraft is a single-seated monoplane powered by photovoltaic cells; it is capable of taking off under its own power.  The prototype, often referred to as Solar Impulse 1, was designed to remain airborne up to 36 hours. It conducted its first test flight in December 2009. In July 2010, it flew an entire diurnal solar cycle, including nearly nine hours of night flying, in a 26-hour flight. Piccard and Borschberg completed successful solar-powered flights from Switzerland to Spain and then Morocco in 2012, and conducted a multi-stage flight across the US in 2013.A second aircraft, completed in 2014 and named Solar Impulse 2, carries more solar cells and more powerful motors, among other improvements. On 9 March 2015, Piccard and Borschberg began to circumnavigate the globe with Solar Impulse 2, departing from Abu Dhabi in the United Arab Emirates. The aircraft was scheduled to return to Abu Dhabi in August 2015 after a multi-stage journey around the world. By June 2015, the plane had traversed Asia, and in July 2015, it completed the longest leg of its journey, from Japan to Hawaii. During that leg, the aircraft's batteries sustained thermal damage that took months to repair. Solar Impulse 2 resumed the circumnavigation in April 2016, when it flew to California. It continued across the US until it reached New York City in June 2016. Later that month, the aircraft crossed the Atlantic Ocean to Spain. It stopped in Egypt before returning to Abu Dhabi on 26 July 2016, more than 16 months after it had left, completing the approximately 42,000-kilometre (26,000-mile) first circumnavigation of the Earth by a piloted fixed-wing aircraft using only solar power.
qas: question: zh_tw: 「陽光動力 1 號」哪年一次飛行 26 小時？
en: what year did the solar impules 1 fly a 26 hour flight?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2010
en: text: 2010
杜拜
Dubai

context: zh_tw: 道路及運輸局（Roads and Transport Authority，RTA）為杜拜交通的主管機構，於 2005 年根據皇家法律而成立。預期城市於 2020 年人口將超過 350 萬，政府投入 700 億阿聯酋迪拉姆，以改善城市交通。杜拜 2009 年車輛數為 1,021,880。2010 年 1 月，杜拜居民使用大眾運輸比例約 6%。
en: Transport in Dubai is controlled by the Roads and Transport Authority (RTA), an agency of the government of Dubai, formed by royal decree in 2005. The public transport network has in the past faced congestion and reliability issues which a large investment programme has addressed, including over AED 70 billion of improvements planned for completion by 2020, when the population of the city is projected to exceed 3.5 million. In 2009, according to Dubai Municipality statistics, there were an estimated 1,021,880 cars in Dubai. In January 2010, the number of Dubai residents who use public transport stood at 6%.
qas: question: zh_tw: 2010 年，迪拜居民使用公共交通的比例是多少？
en: What percentage of Dubai residents used public transport in 2010?
answers: zh_tw: text: 6%
en: text: 6%
泰勒・斯威夫特

context: zh_tw: 斯威夫特的第二張錄音室專輯《放手去愛》於 2008 年 10 月 11 日釋出。斯威夫特獨自創作了專輯的七首歌曲，包括兩首單曲，其餘六首她與羅斯、約翰・裡奇、科爾比・凱雷和希拉里・林德茜共同創作。專輯由她和內森・查普曼共同製作。從音樂上講，專輯的特點被認為是 “吉他聲響亮卻低沉，副歌激動人心”，偶爾有 “小提琴和班卓琴交織”。
qas: question: zh_tw: 專輯《放手去愛》是何時釋出的？
en: When was the album fearless released?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2008 年 10 月 11 日

context: zh_tw: 斯威夫特還推廣兒童識字教育。2009 年，她捐 25 萬美元給全美各所她曾上過學或有過合作的學校。該款項用於購買圖書、資助教育專案並幫助支付教師工資。2010 年，她參與在全美學校轉播的網上直播節目《與泰勒・斯威夫特一起讀書》（Read Now! with Taylor Swift），響應學樂的每日閱讀活動（Read Every Day）。2011 年，斯威夫特向賓夕法尼亞雷丁市公共圖書館捐獻 6000 冊學樂書籍。2012 年，她向田納西州納什維爾公共圖書館捐獻 14000 冊書，其中大部分書籍被流動放置，其餘的送給低收入家庭兒童、幼兒園和託兒所。2012 年，她共同支援了美國全國教育協會的全美閱讀活動（Read Across America），並錄製公共服務公告，鼓勵孩子們多讀書。同年，斯威夫特在第二個學樂網路直播節目中宣傳閱讀的力量，全美教室觀看直播。2013 年，透過兒童閱讀推廣計劃發起的倡議，她向雷丁醫院兒童保健中心的早期識字計劃捐贈 2000 冊學樂書籍。2014 年，她亮相 READ 活動，參與另一個學樂網路直播節目，節目在美國教室直播；同年，她將歌曲《歡迎來紐約》的所有收益捐給紐約市公立學校（New York City Public Schools），也在 2015 年捐贈 25000 本書籍給紐約市的學校。2016 年，她去澳洲探望兒童醫院；並在同年捐助 V 基金會 10 萬美元。2017 年，她慷慨捐款「Joyful Heart 基金會」。2018 年，她邀請了 2000 個寄養 / 收養家庭免費現場觀看舉世盛名體育場巡迴演唱會的彩排演出，並把簽名及合照讓他們做紀念。2019 年 4 月，她捐贈「田納西州平等計劃」11.3 萬美元，成為該組織最高金額的捐贈。
qas: question: zh_tw: 向多所學校分配了什麼以改善教育？
en: What was distributed to many schools to better education?
answers: zh_tw: text: 25 萬美元