瑪莎・萊恩・柯林斯
Martha Layne Collins

context: zh_tw: 從肯塔基大學畢業後，柯林斯從事學校教師的工作，同時她的丈夫獲得了牙科學位。她開始對政治產生興趣，參與了 1971 年溫德爾・福特州長選舉和 1972 年沃爾特・“迪伊”・赫德爾斯頓（Walter "Dee" Huddleston）聯邦參議員選舉的競選工作。1975 年，她獲選成為該州的民主黨秘書，並當選肯塔基州上訴法院書記員。這一期間，一條州憲法修正案對全州司法系統加以改組，上訴法院成為肯塔基州最高法院，柯林斯繼續在更名後的新法院擔任書記員，她的工作是努力告知公民這個法院的新作用。
en: After graduating from the University of Kentucky, Collins worked as a school teacher while her husband finished a degree in dentistry. She became interested in politics, and worked on both Wendell Ford's gubernatorial campaign in 1971 and Walter "Dee" Huddleston's U.S. Senate campaign in 1972. In 1975, she was chosen secretary of the state's Democratic Party and was elected clerk of the Kentucky Court of Appeals. During her tenure as clerk, a constitutional amendment restructured the state's judicial system, and the Court of Appeals became the Kentucky Supreme Court. Collins continued as clerk of the renamed court and worked to educate citizens about the court's new role.
qas: question: zh_tw: 柯林斯為哪個法律機構服務？
en: Which legal body did Collins work for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 民主黨秘書，並當選肯塔基州上訴法院書記員。
en: text: secretary of the state's Democratic Party and was elected clerk of the Kentucky Court of Appeals

context: zh_tw: 1971 年時，柯林斯已經是青年商會主席，並因此引起了民主黨肯塔基州參議員沃爾特・“迪伊”・赫德爾斯頓的注意。他邀請柯林斯與自己共同主持溫德爾・福特在第六選區的州長競選。當時的州民主黨主席 J・R・米勒（J.R. Miller）稱讚 “她在那個選區的組織工作（好到）讓你難以置信”。福特成功當選後指派她為肯塔基州的民主黨全國委員會女性代表，她辭去了教師的工作，開始在州民主黨總部做全職工作，既是州民主黨的秘書，也是 1972 年民主黨全國大會的代表。1972 年，她又參與了赫德爾斯頓參選聯邦參議員的競選工作。
en: By 1971, Collins was the president of the Jayceettes; through her work there, she came to the attention of Democratic state senator Walter "Dee" Huddleston. Huddleston asked Collins to co-chair Wendell Ford's gubernatorial campaign in the 6th District. J.R. Miller, then-chairman of the state Democratic Party, commented that "She organized that district like you wouldn't believe." After Ford's victory, he named Collins as a Democratic National Committeewoman from Kentucky. She quit her teaching job and went to work full-time at the state Democratic Party headquarters, as secretary of the state Democratic party and as a delegate to the 1972 Democratic National Convention. The following year, she worked for Huddleston's campaign for the U.S. Senate.In 1975, Collins won the Democratic nomination for Clerk of the Kentucky Court of Appeals in a five-way primary. In the general election, she defeated Republican Joseph E. Lambert by a vote of 382,528 to 233,442. During her term, an amendment to the state constitution changed the name of the Court of Appeals to the Kentucky Supreme Court; Collins was the last person to hold the office of Clerk of the Court of Appeals and the first to hold the office of Clerk of the Supreme Court. As clerk, she compiled and distributed a brochure about the new role of the Supreme Court, and worked with the state department of education to create a teacher's manual for use in the public schools, detailing the changes effected in the court system as a result of the constitutional amendment. The Woodford County chapter of Business and Professional Women chose Collins as its 1976 Woman of Achievement, and in 1977, Governor Julian Carroll named her Kentucky Executive Director of the Friendship Force.In a field that included six major candidates, Collins secured the Democratic nomination for lieutenant governor in the 1979 primary, garnering 23 percent of the vote. She handily defeated Republican Hal Rogers in the general election 543,176 to 316,798. As lieutenant governor, she traveled the state, attending ceremonies in place of Democratic Governor John Y. Brown, Jr., who disliked such formal events and often chose not to attend. By the end of her term, she declared that she had visited all 120 counties in Kentucky. Governor Brown was frequently out of the state, leaving Collins as acting governor for more than 500 days of her four-year term.As lieutenant governor, Collins presided over the state Senate. Members of both major parties praised Collins for her impartiality and knowledge of parliamentary procedure in this role. She was twice called upon to break tie votes in the Senate, once on a bill allowing the state's teachers to engage in collective bargaining and another on a bill to allow branch banking across county lines within the state; in both instances she voted in the negative, killing the bill. During her tenure, she also chaired the National Conference of Lieutenant Governors, becoming the first woman to hold that position. In 1982, she was named to the board of regents of the Southern Baptist Theological Seminary in Louisville.
qas: question: zh_tw: 柯林斯被邀請擔任哪個區的聯合主席？
en: What district was Collins asked to co-chair for?
answers: zh_tw: text: 第六選區
en: text: 6th District

context: zh_tw: 當選為肯塔基州州長讓柯林斯成為全美級別最高的女性民主黨官員。當時美國曆史上還只有過兩位女性聯邦參議員，但她們都是共和黨人，並且柯林斯之前全美任何一個州都沒有出現過女性州長。當選後不久，她出現在《早安美國》上，面對是否有意角逐副總統職位的問題，她的回答模凌兩可。上任四天後，她獲選代表民主黨對共和黨總統羅納德・里根在每週電臺演講中的演說作出回應。演說後舉行的記者招待會上，記者問起她是否願意考慮在即將到來的大選中成為民主黨副總統候選人，她對此的答覆是：“不，這次就不了”。
en: By virtue of her election as Kentucky's governor, Collins became the highest-ranking Democratic woman in the nation. The only two women in the U.S. Senate at the time were Republicans, and Collins was the only woman governor of any state. Shortly after her election, she appeared on Good Morning America, where she was asked about her interest in the vice-presidency and gave a non-committal answer. Four days after her inauguration as governor, she was chosen to deliver the Democratic response to President Ronald Reagan's weekly radio address. At a news conference following her speech, Collins was asked again if she would be willing to be considered as the Democrats' vice-presidential candidate in the upcoming election; she replied "No, not at this time."In mid-1984, the Democratic National Committee chose Collins to preside over the 1984 Democratic National Convention in San Francisco. This engagement prevented Collins from chairing the state delegation to the convention, as was typical of governors. The party appointed Collins' son, Steve as state chair. Prior to the convention, Walter Mondale, the presumptive presidential nominee, interviewed Collins as a possible vice-presidential candidate before choosing Geraldine Ferraro as his running mate. A writer for The Miami Herald later opined, based on interviews with Mondale advisers, that Collins was never given serious consideration by Mondale. He reported that she was included in his list of potential running mates primarily to blunt potential charges of "tokenism" in considering other women and minorities.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這位參議員兼州長叫什麼名字？
en: What was the name of the Senator who was also a governor?
answers: zh_tw: text: 柯林斯
en: text: Collins