zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
朝鮮三國時代
Three Kingdoms of Korea

context: zh_tw: 朝鮮半島三國時代（朝鮮語：삼국시대）是朝鮮半島 427 年到公元 660 年之間高句麗（前 37 年－668 年）、百濟（前 18 年－660 年）、新羅（前 57 年－935 年）三國鼎立的歷史時期。三國的文化和語言相通。宗教原本共同崇尚巫覡宗教，但在中國文化的日趨影響下，儒家文化和道教傳入。4 世紀時，佛教傳入朝鮮半島，並迅速傳播，一度成為三國的國教。668 年，新羅於唐朝幫助下征服百濟後滅高句麗，因而結束三國時代，並進入統一新羅時代（一說南北國時代）。
en: All three kingdoms shared a similar culture and language. Their original religions appear to have been shamanistic, but they were increasingly influenced by Chinese culture, particularly Confucianism and Taoism. In the 4th century, Buddhism was introduced to the peninsula and spread rapidly, briefly becoming the official religion of all three kingdoms.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪文化影響了原始宗教？
en: What culture influenced the original religions?
answers: zh_tw: text: 中國
en: text: Chinese
腦腫瘤
Brain tumor

context: zh_tw: 腦瘤或顱內腫瘤（英語：Brain Cancer 或 Brain Tumour）是指腦內異常細胞的形成，定義為任何顱內腫瘤，發生的位置包括了腦本身各種細胞（神經元、膠質細胞、淋巴組織以及血管）、腦神經（許旺氏細胞）、腦膜、頭骨、腦下垂體以及由其它器官轉移的轉移性腦瘤。主要分成兩種：惡性或癌症腫瘤，以及良性腫瘤。癌症腫瘤可再分為原發性腦瘤與轉移性腦瘤。所有型態的腦瘤都會產生症狀，因為腦瘤漸漸增大必會壓住該處之神經，影響其功能，所以臨床表現因部位不同，包含頭痛、抽搐、視力問題、嘔吐、意識改變。典型的頭痛為早晨時惡化，並伴隨嘔吐而頭痛減緩。其他特殊的症狀包含行走、說話困難，以及感覺異常。當疾病進展時，可能發生失去意識。在惡性腦瘤晚期，腫瘤細胞也會轉移至身體其他臟器。
en: A brain tumor occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain. There are two main types of tumors: cancerous (malignant) tumors and benign tumors. Cancerous tumors can be divided into primary tumors, which start within the brain, and secondary tumors, which have spread from elsewhere, known as brain metastasis tumors. All types of brain tumors may produce symptoms that vary depending on the part of the brain involved. These symptoms may include headaches, seizures, problems with vision, vomiting and mental changes. The headache is classically worse in the morning and goes away with vomiting. Other symptoms may include difficulty walking, speaking or with sensations. As the disease progresses, unconsciousness may occur.The cause of most brain tumors is unknown. Uncommon risk factors include inherited neurofibromatosis, exposure to vinyl chloride, Epstein–Barr virus and ionizing radiation. Studies on mobile phone exposure have not shown a clear risk. The most common types of primary tumors in adults are meningiomas (usually benign) and astrocytomas such as glioblastomas. In children, the most common type is a malignant medulloblastoma. Diagnosis is usually by medical examination along with computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The result is then often confirmed by a biopsy. Based on the findings, the tumors are divided into different grades of severity.Treatment may include some combination of surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Anticonvulsant medication may be needed if seizures occur. Dexamethasone and furosemide may be used to decrease swelling around the tumor. Some tumors grow gradually, requiring only monitoring and possibly needing no further intervention. Treatments that use a person's immune system are being studied. Outcome varies considerably depending on the type of tumor and how far it has spread at diagnosis. Glioblastomas usually have very poor outcomes, while meningiomas usually have good outcomes. The average five-year survival rate for all brain cancers in the United States is 33%.Secondary, or metastatic, brain tumors are about four times more common than primary brain tumors, with about half of metastases coming from lung cancer. Primary brain tumors occur in around 250,000 people a year globally, making up less than 2% of cancers. In children younger than 15, brain tumors are second only to acute lymphoblastic leukemia as the most common form of cancer. In Australia, the average lifetime economic cost of a case of brain cancer is $1.9 million, the greatest of any type of cancer.
qas: question: zh_tw: 日常什麼活動可能因此病而變得更困難？
en: What normal daily activities may become harder to do with this disease?
answers: zh_tw: text: 行走、說話
en: text: walking, speaking
埃米利亞諾・薩拉
Emiliano Sala

context: zh_tw: 埃米利亞諾・勞爾・薩拉・塔法雷爾（西班牙語：Emiliano Raúl Sala Taffarel，1990 年 10 月 31 日－2019 年 1 月 21 日），阿根廷職業足球運動員，司職前鋒。
en: Emiliano Raúl Sala Taffarel (Spanish pronunciation: [emiˈljano ˈsala]; born 31 October 1990, disappeared 21 January 2019, confirmed dead 7 February 2019) was an Argentine professional footballer who played as a forward.
qas: question: zh_tw: 塔法雷爾在何時出生？
en: When was Taffarel born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1990 年 10 月 31 日
en: text: 31 October 1990
無限猴子定理
Infinite monkey theorem

context: zh_tw: 在這裡，幾乎必然是一個有特定含義的數學術語，“猴子” 也不是一隻真正意義上的猴子，它被用來比喻成一個可以產生無限隨機字母序列的抽象裝置。這個理論說明把一個很大但有限的數看成無限的推論是錯誤的。猴子精確地透過鍵盤敲打出一部完整的作品比如說莎士比亞的哈姆雷特，在宇宙的生命週期中發生的機率也是極其低的，但並不是零。
en: In this context, "almost surely" is a mathematical term with a precise meaning, and the "monkey" is not an actual monkey, but a metaphor for an abstract device that produces an endless random sequence of letters and symbols. One of the earliest instances of the use of the "monkey metaphor" is that of French mathematician Émile Borel in 1913, but the first instance may have been even earlier.
qas: question: zh_tw: 「猴子」在演講中是哪類的詞？
en: What type of speech is the word monkey?
answers: zh_tw: text: 比喻
en: text: metaphor
奇偶校驗位
Parity bit

context: zh_tw: 由於它很簡單，所以奇偶校驗位用於許多計算機硬體中，遇到麻煩時能夠重新操作或者透過簡單的錯誤檢測就能起到很大作用的場合。例如 SCSI 匯流排使用奇偶校驗位檢測傳輸錯誤，許多微處理器的指令快取記憶體中也包括奇偶校驗位保護。因為指令快取資料是主記憶體資料的副本，所以在發現錯誤的時候能夠拋棄錯誤資料並且重新取回資料。
en: Because of its simplicity, parity is used in many hardware applications where an operation can be repeated in case of difficulty, or where simply detecting the error is helpful. For example, the SCSI  and PCI buses use parity to detect transmission errors, and many microprocessor instruction caches include parity protection. Because the I-cache data is just a copy of main memory, it can be disregarded and re-fetched if it is found to be corrupted.
qas: question: zh_tw: 為什麼奇偶校驗位用於計算機硬體中？
en: Why in hardware is parity used?
answers: zh_tw: text: 它很簡單
en: text: its simplicity
阿爾卑斯山
Alps

context: zh_tw: 阿爾卑斯山共有 128 座海拔超過 4000 公尺的山峰，其中最高峰白朗峰海拔 4810.45 公尺，位於法國和義大利的交界處。山脈呈弧形，長 1200 公里，寬 130~260 公里，平均海拔約 3000 公尺，總面積約 22 萬平方公里。阿爾卑斯山北邊是水氣較多的氣候，而南邊則較為乾燥，雨量很少。
en: The Alps (; French: Alpes [alp]; German: Alpen [ˈalpn̩]; Italian: Alpi [ˈalpi]; Romansh: Alps; Slovene: Alpe [ˈáːlpɛ]) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe, separating Southern from Central and Western Europe and stretching approximately 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) across eight Alpine countries (from west to east): France, Switzerland, Monaco, Italy, Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany, and Slovenia. The mountains were formed over tens of millions of years as the African and Eurasian tectonic plates collided. Extreme shortening  caused by the event resulted in marine sedimentary rocks rising by thrusting and folding into high mountain peaks such as Mont Blanc and the Matterhorn. Mont Blanc spans the French–Italian border, and at 4,810 m (15,781 ft) is the highest mountain in the Alps. The Alpine region area contains about a hundred peaks higher than 4,000 metres (13,000 ft).
qas: question: zh_tw: 白朗峰的山峰在哪裡？
en: Where is the mountain peak of Mont Blanc?
answers: zh_tw: text: 法國和義大利的交界處
en: text: French–Italian border,

context: zh_tw: 英語：Alps 來自拉丁語：Alpes，透過法語演變而來。莫魯斯・塞爾維烏斯・諾拉圖斯（一個維吉爾詩歌的古代註釋者）評論說（A. X 13）凱爾特人管每一座高山都叫做 Alpes。這個詞很可能來自義大利 - 凱爾特語，因為凱爾特語中許多與高山有關的詞彙都帶有詞根 alp。
en: The English word Alps derives from the Latin Alpes (through French). Maurus Servius Honoratus, an ancient commentator of Virgil, says in his commentary (A. X 13) that all high mountains are called Alpes by Celts. The term may be common to Italo-Celtic, because the Celtic languages have terms for high mountains derived from alp.
qas: question: zh_tw: 阿爾卑斯一詞是來自什麼語？
en: What language is the word Alpes from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 拉丁
en: text: Latin
迪拜節日城
Dubai Festival City

context: zh_tw: 迪拜節日城是位於阿拉伯聯合大公國迪拜的一個大型開發專案，被稱為 “城中城”。其建設由愛爾富堂集團負責，2003 年開始。該地區距迪拜灣東岸 3.8 公里，距迪拜國際機場 2 公里。區內有兩座酒店、一座酒店式公寓，全部由洲際酒店集團所有。全區面積達 6.47 平方公里。該區集居住、商業、娛樂功能為一體，能提供住宅、辦公室、學校、飯店、商店、碼頭、高爾夫球場等不同的設施。迪拜節日城分為 3 個獨立的區域：Marsa Al Khor、節日中心和 Al Badia，中間由總長 30 公里的路網連線。2 萬座公寓、排屋、別墅將為 5 萬名居民提供居住。區內可容納辦公人員 5 萬人。迪拜國際機場、各重要商業區都能方便的通達這裡。節日海濱中心是本區重要的購物廣場，主打中低端品牌。3 層樓，有 550 家品牌專櫃、20 家旗艦店、90 家餐廳、咖啡館及電影院。更靠裡的節日力量廣場也是 3 層建築，提供日用品、電器，是全迪拜最大的家用品採購商城。周邊尚有五星級酒店洲際皇冠假日酒店。
en: Construction of the development, which was undertaken by Al Futtaim Carillion, began in 2003 and is expected to take 12 years. The project spans 3.8 kilometres (2.4 mi) of water frontage on the eastern bank of Dubai Creek and is 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) from Dubai International Airport. As of mid-2006, investments in the project had exceeded 11 billion AED (3 billion USD).
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰負責了這建設？
en: Who undertook the construction?
answers: zh_tw: text: 愛爾富堂集團
en: text: Al Futtaim Carillion
Markdown
Markdown

context: zh_tw: 由於 Markdown 的輕量化、易讀易寫特性，並且對於圖片，圖表、數學式都有支援，目前許多網站都廣泛使用 Markdown 來撰寫說明檔案或是用於論壇上發表訊息。例如：GitHub、reddit、Diaspora、Stack Exchange、OpenStreetMap 、SourceForge 等。甚至 Markdown 能被使用來撰寫電子書。
en: John Gruber created the Markdown language in 2004 in collaboration with Aaron Swartz on the syntax, with the goal of enabling people "to write using an easy-to-read and easy-to-write plain text format, optionally convert it to structurally valid XHTML (or HTML)".Its key design goal is readability – that the language be readable as-is, without looking like it has been marked up with tags or formatting instructions, unlike text formatted with a markup language, such as Rich Text Format (RTF) or HTML, which have obvious tags and formatting instructions. To this end, its main inspiration is the existing conventions for marking up plain text in email, though it also draws from earlier markup languages, notably setext, Textile, and reStructuredText.Gruber wrote a Perl script, Markdown.pl, which converts marked-up text input to valid, well-formed XHTML or HTML and replaces angle brackets '<' '>' and ampersands '&' with their corresponding character entity references. It can be used as a standalone script, as a plugin for Blosxom or Movable Type, or as a text filter for BBEdit.Markdown has since been re-implemented by others e.g. in a Perl module available on CPAN (Text::Markdown), and in a variety of other programming languages. It is distributed under a BSD-style license and is included with, or available as a plugin for, several content-management systems.Sites like GitHub, Bitbucket, Reddit, Diaspora, Stack Exchange, OpenStreetMap, and SourceForge use variants of Markdown to facilitate discussion between users.
qas: question: zh_tw: GitHub 使用哪個軟體使使用者之間能夠討論？
en: What software is used by GitHub to enable user discussion?
answers: zh_tw: text: Markdown
en: text: Markdown

question: zh_tw: 根據 BBedit.Markdown，它可以用作什麼？
answers: en: text: text filter

context: zh_tw: 因此，它是現行電子郵件標記格式的慣例，雖然它也借鑑了很多早期的標記語言，如：Setext、Texile、reStructuredText。Gruber 也編寫了的 Perl 指令碼：Markdown.pl，用於把 markdown 語法編寫的內容轉換成有效的、結構良好的 XHTML 或 HTML 內容，並將左尖括號 <和 & 號替換成它們各自的字元實體引用。它可以用作單獨的指令碼，Blosxom 和 Movable Type 的外掛又或者 BBEdit 的文字過濾器。Markdown 也已經被其他人用 Perl 和別的程式語言重新實現，其中一個 Perl 模組放在了 CPAN (Text::Markdown) 上。它基於一個 BSD 風格的許可證分發並可以作為幾個內容管理系統的外掛。
qas: question: zh_tw: 根據 BBedit.Markdown，它可以用作什麼？
en: What can it used for in regard to BBedit.Markdown?
answers: zh_tw: text: Type 的外掛又或者 BBEdit 的文字過濾器。
巴黎歌劇院
Palais Garnier

context: zh_tw: 加尼葉歌劇院（法語：Opéra Garnier），通常稱為巴黎歌劇院（法語：Opéra de Paris），於 1861 至 1875 年間建造，位於法國巴黎第九區，是一座擁有 1979 個座位的歌劇院。巴黎歌劇院是一座新巴洛克風格的建築，由法國建築師查爾斯・加尼葉所設計，被認為是新巴洛克式建築的典範之一。
en: The Palais Garnier (pronounced [palɛ ɡaʁnje] French  ) is a 1,979-seat opera house, which was built from 1861 to 1875 for the Paris Opera. It was called the Salle des Capucines, because of its location on the Boulevard des Capucines in the 9th arrondissement of Paris, but soon became known as the Palais Garnier, in recognition of its opulence and its architect, Charles Garnier. The theatre is also often referred to as the Opéra Garnier (pronounced [ɔpeʁa ɡaʁnje] French  ) and historically was known as the Opéra de Paris or simply the Opéra, as it was the primary home of the Paris Opera and its associated Paris Opera Ballet until 1989, when the Opéra Bastille opened at the Place de la Bastille. The Paris Opera now uses the Palais Garnier mainly for ballet.
qas: question: zh_tw: 劇院共有多少個座位？
en: How many seats does the opera house have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1979
en: text: 1,979
歐亞水獺
Eurasian otter

context: zh_tw: 歐亞水獺 (Common otter) 是分佈區域最廣的水獺，分佈地橫跨亞洲、非洲及歐洲。不過，牠們已在列支敦斯登、荷蘭及瑞士滅絕。牠們在拉脫維亞、挪威沿岸及英國北部很是普遍。在義大利，牠們聚居於卡洛雷河（Calore lucano）地區。
en: The Eurasian otter is the most widely distributed otter species, its range including parts of Asia and Africa, as well as being spread across Europe, south to Israel. Though currently believed to be extinct in Liechtenstein and Switzerland, they are now very common in Latvia, along the coast of Norway, in the western regions of Spain and Portugal and across Great Britain, especially Shetland, where 12% of the UK breeding population exists. Ireland's otters are geographically widespread and believed to be the most stable population in Europe. In Italy, they can be found in southern parts of the peninsula. The South Korean population is endangered. In India, the species is distributed in the Himalayan foothills, southern Western Ghats and the central Indian landscape.In general, their varied and adaptable diets mean they may inhabit any unpolluted body of fresh water, including lakes, streams, rivers, and ponds, as long as the food supply is adequate. In Andalusia the golf courses became part of their habitat. Eurasian otters may also live along the coast, in salt water, but require regular access to fresh water to clean their fur. When living in the sea, individuals of this species are sometimes referred to as "sea otters", but they should not be confused with the true sea otter, a North Pacific species much more strongly adapted to a marine existence.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪裡是歐亞水獺的分佈區域？
en: What is the range of the Eurasian otter?
answers: zh_tw: text: 分佈地橫跨亞洲、非洲及歐洲
en: text: parts of Asia and Africa, as well as being spread across Europe, south to Israel
比奧比奧河

context: zh_tw: 比奧比奧河（西班牙語：Río Biobío） 為智利的第二長河，僅次於最長的洛阿河﹙Loa﹚。它發源於安地斯山脈的依卡馬湖﹙Icalma Lake﹚和加列圖湖﹙Galletué Lake﹚，流經了 380 公里而進入太平洋的阿勞科灣﹙Gulf of Arauco﹚。
qas: question: zh_tw: 河流有多長？
en: How long is the river?
answers: zh_tw: text: Lake﹚，流經了 380 公里而進入太平洋的阿勞科灣﹙Gulf

context: zh_tw: 比奧比奧河從出海口一直到納西緬託﹙Nacimiento﹚市曾經可以航行船隻。然而由於在 20 世紀中的大量採伐樹木，使得上游土壤受到嚴重地侵蝕而導致下游泥沙的大量淤積，造成無法進行船運交通。
qas: question: zh_tw: 船隻向哪個城市航行？
en: What city did the ships navigate to?
answers: zh_tw: text: 納西緬託
德米特里一世 (塞琉古帝國)
Demetrius I Soter

context: zh_tw: 德米特里一世（救主）（希臘語：Δημήτριος ό Σωτηρ，？～前 150 年）塞琉古帝國國王（前 162 年～前 150 年在位）。
en: Demetrius I (Greek: Δημήτριος Α`, 185 – June 150 BC, reigned September/October 161 – June 150 BC), surnamed Soter (Greek: Σωτήρ - "Savior"), was a ruler of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire.
qas: question: zh_tw: Demetrius l 之前的希臘名字是什麼？
en: What is the greek name fore Demetrius l?
answers: zh_tw: text: 德米特里一世（救主）（希臘語：Δημήτριος
en: text: Δημήτριος Α`
純粹數學
Pure mathematics

context: zh_tw: 實際上在公理系統中，“嚴格” 在 “證明” 中沒有任何新意。以布林巴基小組的觀點，純粹數學就是已經被證明了的公理。純粹數學家成為普遍接受的職業，可以透過訓練而取得。
en: In fact in an axiomatic setting rigorous adds nothing to the idea of proof. Pure mathematics, according to a view that can be ascribed to the Bourbaki group, is what is proved. Pure mathematician became a recognized vocation, achievable through training.
qas: question: zh_tw: 是否添加了證據？
en: Is there proof added?
answers: zh_tw: text: 在 “證明” 中沒有任何新意
en: text: adds nothing to the idea of proof
瑪麗・瑪格麗特・奧賴利
Mary Margaret O'Reilly

context: zh_tw: 1933 年，鑄幣局迎來首位女性局長內莉・泰洛・羅斯，奧賴利和她很快達成良好關係。奧賴利對鑄幣局的運作是如此不可或缺，以致總統富蘭克林・德拉諾・羅斯福將她的退休年限從 1935 年推遲到 1938 年。奧賴利一生未婚，於 1949 年逝世。
en: In 1933, the Mint gained its first female Director, Nellie Tayloe Ross, and despite initial mistrust between her and O'Reilly, they came to forge a strong bond. Although scheduled for mandatory retirement in 1935, O'Reilly was considered to be so indispensable to the bureau's operations that U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt postponed this until 1938. During her later years, O'Reilly remained in Washington D.C.; she no longer involved herself in Mint affairs, instead devoting much of her attention to Catholic charitable work.
qas: question: zh_tw: 首位女局長是誰？
en: Who was the first woman Director?
answers: zh_tw: text: 內莉・泰洛・羅斯
en: text: Nellie Tayloe Ross
大氣科學
Atmospheric science

context: zh_tw: 大氣科學研究大氣的結構、組成、物理現象、化學反應、運動規律，是地球科學的一個分支。研究物件主要是地球以及太陽系其他行星的大氣圈。大氣研究的時空範圍很廣，空間尺度從一個城市、區城向全球擴充套件，研究的時間尺度則從幾天到幾年，以至幾十年不等。研究的物件主要是對流層和平流層。研究的手段有現場觀測、遙測、和數值模擬等。
en: Atmospheric science is the study of the Earth's atmosphere, its processes, the effects other systems have on the atmosphere, and the effects of the atmosphere on these other systems. Meteorology includes atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics with a major focus on weather forecasting. Climatology is the study of atmospheric changes (both long and short-term) that define average climates and their change over time, due to both natural and anthropogenic climate variability. Aeronomy is the study of the upper layers of the atmosphere, where dissociation and ionization are important. Atmospheric science has been extended to the field of planetary science and the study of the atmospheres of the planets and natural satellites of the solar system.
qas: question: zh_tw: 大氣科學已經拓展到哪裡？
en: where has the atmospheric sciences been extended to?
answers: zh_tw: text: 地球科學
en: text: to the field of planetary science
凱蒂・哈德森 (專輯)
Katy Hudson (album)

context: zh_tw: 《凱蒂・哈德森》（英語：Katy Hudson）是美國歌手凱蒂・哈德森（後來採用凱蒂・佩芮作為藝名）的第一張錄音室專輯。專輯於 2001 年 2 月 8 日由紅山唱片發行。歌曲將基督教音樂和當代基督教音樂元素與青少年、兒童和哈德森對上帝信仰的歌詞主題糅合在一起。專輯的評價褒貶不一，銷量也不到 200 張。後來由於哈德森的知名度日益增加，專輯的需求量才增加。
en: Katy Hudson is the eponymous debut studio album by American singer Katy Hudson (later known as Katy Perry). It was released on February 8, 2001 by Red Hill Records. The album primarily incorporates Christian rock and contemporary Christian music elements with lyrical themes of childhood, adolescence, and Hudson's faith in God. Before its release, Red Hill went bankrupt, preventing it from marketing and promoting the album, which subsequently sold fewer than 200 copies and received mixed reviews.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哈德森的另一個名字是什麼？
en: What is another name Hudson goes by?
answers: zh_tw: text: 凱蒂・佩芮
en: text: Katy Perry
公民及政治權利國際公約
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

context: zh_tw: ，起草過程之始，該檔案就被拆分成一份列明人權的基本原則之宣言，和一份包含具有約束力的承諾之公約。前者演變成世界人權宣言，並在 1948 年 12 月 10 日得到透過。公約之約國（包括負責管理非自治領土和託管領土的國家）須促進落實自決權利；以及按照聯合國憲章的條文尊重該權利。隨著起草工作繼續，聯合國各成員國之間對於公民和政治範疇的消極權利，以及經濟、社會和文化範疇的積極權利，這兩種權利相對上的重要程度之見解有了顯著的差異。最後使原公約再拆分成兩份公約，「一份包含政治權利，另一份包含經濟、社會和文化權利」這兩份公約被設計成儘可能寫有互相相似的條文，而且同時開放供簽署。兩份公約都包含讓所有民族自決的權利。第一份檔案是《經濟、社會及文化權利國際公約》，第二份檔案是《公民權利和政治權利國際公約》。1954 年，草稿獲提交至聯合國大會討論，並在 1966 年透過。 作為外交談判的結果，經濟、社會及文化權利國際公約早公民權利和政治權利國際公約一點點透過。
en: The ICCPR has its roots in the same process that led to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. A "Declaration on the Essential Rights of Man" had been proposed at the 1945 San Francisco Conference which led to the founding of the United Nations, and the Economic and Social Council was given the task of drafting it. Early on in the process, the document was split into a declaration setting forth general principles of human rights, and a convention or covenant containing binding commitments. The former evolved into the UDHR and was adopted on 10 December 1948.The States Parties to the present Covenant, including those having responsibility for the administration of Non-Self-Governing and Trust Territories, shall promote the realization of the right of self-determination, and shall respect that right, in conformity with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations.Drafting continued on the convention, but there remained significant differences between UN members on the relative importance of negative Civil and Political versus positive Economic, Social and Cultural rights. These eventually caused the convention to be split into two separate covenants, "one to contain civil and political rights and the other to contain economic, social and cultural rights." The two covenants were to contain as many similar provisions as possible, and be opened for signature simultaneously. Each would also contain an article on the right of all peoples to self-determination.The first document became the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the second the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The drafts were presented to the UN General Assembly for discussion in 1954, and adopted in 1966. As a result of diplomatic negotiations the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights was adopted shortly before the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights.
qas: question: zh_tw: 早期制定了哪些基本原則？
en: What general principles were set early on?
answers: zh_tw: text: 人權
en: text: human rights
凱爾蓋朗群島
Kerguelen Islands

context: zh_tw: 群島上雖然沒有永久居民，但法國方面在此處編制了 45 至 100 位科學家與工程師從事研究工作；島上沒有機場，一切和外界的運輸均需要透過海運完成。中華人民共和國亦在此設有航天測控站。
en: The main island, Grande Terre, is 6,675 km2 (2,577 sq mi) in area and is surrounded by a further 300 smaller islands and islets, forming an archipelago of 7,215 km2 (2,786 sq mi). The climate is raw and chilly with frequent high winds throughout the year. The surrounding seas are generally rough and they remain ice-free year-round. There are no indigenous inhabitants, but France maintains a permanent presence of 45 to 100 soldiers, scientists, engineers and researchers. There are no airports on the islands, so all travel and transport from the outside world is conducted by ship.
qas: question: zh_tw: 有當地居民嗎？
en: Are there any native inhabitants?
answers: zh_tw: text: 沒有
en: text: no
GSM
GSM

context: zh_tw: GSM 為了安全使用多種加密演算法。A5/1 和 A5/2 兩種串流密碼用於保證在空中資訊的保密性。A5/1 是在歐洲範圍使用的強力演算法，而 A5/2 則是在其他國家使用的弱強度演算法。在兩種演算法中嚴重漏洞都已經被發現，例如一個單一密文攻擊可能實時的中斷掉 A5/2. 但是系統支援多個不同演算法，這樣運營商就可以換一個安全等級更強的。
en: GSM uses several cryptographic algorithms for security. The A5/1, A5/2, and A5/3 stream ciphers are used for ensuring over-the-air voice privacy. A5/1 was developed first and is a stronger algorithm used within Europe and the United States; A5/2 is weaker and used in other countries. Serious weaknesses have been found in both algorithms: it is possible to break A5/2 in real-time with a ciphertext-only attack, and in January 2007, The Hacker's Choice started the A5/1 cracking project with plans to use FPGAs that allow A5/1 to be broken with a rainbow table attack. The system supports multiple algorithms so operators may replace that cipher with a stronger one.
qas: question: zh_tw: 被駭客發現重大弱點的程式叫什麼名字？
en: What is the name of one the program where hackers found the serious weakness?
answers: zh_tw: text: A5/2
en: text: A5/2

question: zh_tw: 兩者中哪一個更弱？
en: Which one is the weaker of the two?
answers: zh_tw: text: A5/2
en: text: A5/2
中地球軌道
Medium Earth orbit

context: zh_tw: 運行於中地球軌道的衛星大都是導航衛星，例如 GPS（20,200 公里（12,552 英里））, 格洛納斯系統（19,100 公里（11,868 英里）），北斗衛星導航系統（21,500 公里（13,359 英里））以及伽利略定位系統（23,222 公里（14,429 英里））。部分跨越南北極的通訊衛星也使用中地球軌道。中地球軌道的衛星運轉週期在 2 至 24 小時之間，但大部分在 12 小時左右。最早的通訊衛星 “Telstar” 也是使用的這條軌道。
en: Communications satellites that cover the North and South Pole are also put in MEO.The orbital periods of MEO satellites range from about 2 to nearly 24 hours. Telstar 1, an experimental satellite launched in 1962, orbited in MEO.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪種衛星可以覆蓋兩極？
en: What type of satellites cover the poles?
answers: zh_tw: text: 通訊
en: text: Communications
地板
Floor

context: zh_tw: 地板原指鋪在地面的木板、地磚或塑膠板，因翻譯名詞後泛指地面、底部、基底等。地板可以指山洞泥的表面，或採用現代技術的多層次表面。地板可能是石，木，竹，金屬，或任何其他可容納一個人重量的材料。
en: A floor is the bottom surface of a room or vehicle. Floors vary from simple dirt in a cave to many-layered surfaces modern technology. Floors may be stone, wood, bamboo, metal or any other material that can support the expected load.
qas: question: zh_tw: 地板以哪種材料造成？
en: What are floors made out of?
answers: zh_tw: text: 石，木，竹，金屬，或任何其他可容納一個人重量的材料
en: text: stone, wood, bamboo, metal or any other material that can support the expected load
沙烏地阿拉伯宗教
Religion in Saudi Arabia

context: zh_tw: 沙烏地阿拉伯的伊斯蘭教法學為遜尼派中的罕百里派。根據官方統計，沙烏地阿拉伯公民中有 85-95％是遜尼派穆斯林，10％-15％是什葉派穆斯林。（超過 30％的沙烏地人口中是由外來移工組成，多數外籍移工是穆斯林）。而阿赫邁底亞穆斯林數量則不清楚。 兩座伊斯蘭教的聖城麥加和麥地那，由於許多原因，非穆斯林是完全不允許進入的。
en: The official form of Islam is Sunni of the Hanbali school, in its Salafi version. According to official statistics, 75–85% of Saudi Arabian citizens are Sunni Muslims, 10–15% are Shia. (More than 30% of the population is made up of foreign workers  who are predominantly but not entirely Muslim.) It is unknown how many Ahmadis there are in the country. The two holiest cities of Islam, Mecca and Medina, are in Saudi Arabia. For many reasons, non-Muslims are not permitted to enter the holy cities although some Western non-Muslims have been able to enter, disguised as Muslims.
qas: question: zh_tw: 大部分工人信什麼教？
en: What religion are most of the workers?
answers: zh_tw: text: 穆斯林
en: text: Muslim
可倫坡
Colombo

context: zh_tw: 關於科倫坡的記載，據信在兩千年的羅馬、阿拉伯中就已經出現。八世紀時，僧伽羅王國與外界的貿易大多由在科倫坡的穆斯林商人所經手。中國史料當中最早見於元代航海家汪大淵所著的《島夷志略》，稱之為高朗步。
en: As Colombo possesses a natural harbour, it was known to Indian, Greek, Persian, Roman, Arab, and Chinese traders over 2,000 years ago. Traveller Ibn Battuta who visited the island in the 14th century, referred to it as Kalanpu. Arabs, whose prime interests were trade, began to settle in Colombo around the 8th century AD mostly because the port helped their business by the way of controlling much of the trade between the Sinhalese kingdoms and the outside world. Their descendants now comprise the local Sri Lankan Moor community.
qas: question: zh_tw: 多少年前人們就已知道這個天然港口？
en: How many years ago was the natural harbour known to?
answers: zh_tw: text: 兩千年
en: text: over 2,000
蔡英文

context: zh_tw: 蔡英文（Tsai Ing-wen）（1956 年 8 月 31 日－）中華民國政治人物、民主進步黨籍、法律學者、律師，為第 14 任中華民國總統，原擔任民進黨主席。生於臺北市中山區，本籍屏東縣枋山鄉，是客家裔臺灣人和臺灣原住民族排灣族後裔。她先後獲得國立臺灣大學法律學系法學士、康奈爾法學院法學碩士、以及倫敦政治經濟學院法學博士，曾任教於國立政治大學法學院和東吳大學法學院。
qas: question: zh_tw: 蔡在哪家教育機構獲得博士學位？
en: What educational institution did Tsai receive his doctorate from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 倫敦政治經濟學院

question: zh_tw: 蔡英文出生於什麼時候？
en: When was tsai born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1956 年 8 月 31 日
電流
Electric current

context: zh_tw: 在大自然可以觀測到的電流有閃電和太陽風等等例子。太陽風是從恆星上層大氣射出的超高速（帶電粒子）流，會造成極光（北極光和南極光）。人造的電流包括傳導電子的流動於金屬導線、高壓電線的長距離傳輸電力、電機裝置內的細小導線、電路板的金屬線路等等。在電子學裡，電流的形式包括電子的流動透過電阻器、電子的移動透過真空管的真空、離子的流動於電池或神經細胞、電洞的流動於半導體。
en: Man-made occurrences of electric current include the flow of conduction electrons in metal wires such as the overhead power lines that deliver electrical energy across long distances and the smaller wires within electrical and electronic equipment. Eddy currents are electric currents that occur in conductors exposed to changing magnetic fields. Similarly, electric currents occur, particularly in the surface, of conductors exposed to electromagnetic waves. When oscillating electric currents flow at the correct voltages within radio antennas, radio waves are generated.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪型別的電線組成電源線？
en: What type of wires make up power lines?
answers: zh_tw: text: 金屬
en: text: metal
理查德・道金斯

context: zh_tw: 1941 年 3 月 26 日，道金斯生於非洲肯亞奈洛比省內羅畢市。他的父親克林頓・約翰・道金斯（Clinton John Dawkins）是英屬尼亞薩蘭的農業公務員，二戰時期效命於英王非洲步槍團（King's African Rifles）駐紮在肯亞。1949 年，8 歲的道金斯隨父母舉家遷回英國。道金斯的父母對自然科學有濃厚興趣，由此深深影響了年幼的道金斯。道金斯從小受 “普通的聖公會式教養”，雖然 9 歲時就曾懷疑上帝的存在，但當時並沒有接受無神論。而青年時期的道金斯發現演化論用來解釋生命的複雜性更為合理，因此正式成為無神論者。
qas: question: zh_tw: 道金斯被證實後，對其有何影響？
en: What happened to Dawkins after he was confirmed?
answers: zh_tw: text: 懷疑上帝的存在

context: zh_tw: 理查德・道金斯共結過三次婚。1967 年 8 月 19 日，道金斯與動物行為學同事瑪麗安・斯坦普（Marian Stamp）結婚，後於 1984 年離婚。同年 6 月 1 日，道金斯和伊芙・巴拉姆（Eve Barham）結婚並有一女，數年之後二人離婚。1992 年，道金斯透過好友道格拉斯・亞當斯結識女演員拉拉・沃德（Lalla Ward）並於同年結婚。
qas: question: zh_tw: 道金斯何時與斯坦普離婚？
en: When did Dawkins and Stamp divorce?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1984
桑地諾民族解放陣線
Sandinista National Liberation Front

context: zh_tw: 桑地諾民族解放陣線（西班牙語：Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional），簡稱桑解陣（FSLN），是尼加拉瓜的一個左翼政黨。該黨得名於尼加拉瓜民族英雄奧古斯托・塞薩爾・桑地諾。
en: The Sandinista National Liberation Front (Spanish: Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional, FSLN) is a socialist political party in Nicaragua. Its members are called Sandinistas [sandiˈnistas] in both English and Spanish. The party is named after Augusto César Sandino, who led the Nicaraguan resistance against the United States occupation of Nicaragua in the 1930s.The FSLN overthrew Anastasio Somoza DeBayle in 1979, ending the Somoza dynasty, and established a revolutionary government in its place. Having seized power, the Sandinistas ruled Nicaragua from 1979 to 1990, first as part of a Junta of National Reconstruction. Following the resignation of centrist members from this Junta, the FSLN took exclusive power in March 1981. They instituted a policy of mass literacy, devoted significant resources to health care, and promoted gender equality but came under international criticism for human rights abuses, mass execution and oppression of indigenous peoples. A U.S.-backed group, known as the Contras, was formed in 1981 to overthrow the Sandinista government and was funded and trained by the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1984 elections were held but were boycotted by some opposition parties. The FSLN won the majority of the votes, and those who opposed the Sandinistas won approximately a third of the seats. The civil war between the Contras and the government continued until 1989. After revising the constitution in 1987, and after years of fighting the Contras, the FSLN lost the 1990 election to Violeta Barrios de Chamorro but retained a plurality of seats in the legislature.
qas: question: zh_tw: 桑地諾民族解放陣線的英文縮寫是什麼？
en: What is the abbreviation to the Frente Saninista de Liberacion Nacional?
answers: zh_tw: text: FSLN
en: text: FSLN
澱粉
Starch

context: zh_tw: 純澱粉是一種白色，無味，無臭的粉末，不溶於冷水或酒精，分子式為 (C6H10O5) n。澱粉因分子內氫鍵捲曲成螺旋結構的不同，可分為直鏈澱粉（糖澱粉）和支鏈澱粉（膠澱粉）。前者為無分支的螺旋結構；後者以 24~30 個葡萄糖殘基以 α-1,4 - 糖苷鍵首尾相連而成，在支鏈處為 α-1,6 - 糖苷鍵。直鏈澱粉遇碘呈藍色，支鏈澱粉遇碘呈紫紅色。這是由於澱粉螺旋中央空穴恰能容下碘分子，由於範德華力，兩者形成一種藍黑色錯合物。實驗證明，單獨的碘分子不能使澱粉變藍，實際上使澱粉變藍的是三碘陰離子（I3-）。
en: Pure starch is a white, tasteless and odorless powder that is insoluble in cold water or alcohol. It consists of two types of molecules: the linear and helical amylose and the branched amylopectin. Depending on the plant, starch generally contains 20 to 25% amylose and 75 to 80% amylopectin by weight. Glycogen, the glucose store of animals, is a more highly branched version of amylopectin.
qas: question: zh_tw: 說出兩種澱粉不溶於其中的液體。
en: Name two liquids in while starch is not soluble.
answers: zh_tw: text: 冷水或酒精
en: text: cold water or alcohol
歐洲工商管理學院
INSEAD

context: zh_tw: 歐洲工商管理學院（法語：Institut Européen d'Administration des Affaires，縮寫：INSEAD；前譯為英士國際商學院），是一所歐洲的工商管理院校，其本校校區位於法國塞納 - 馬恩省的楓丹白露，屬於大巴黎地區的一部份。此外，INSEAD 也在新加坡和阿拉伯聯合大公國的阿布達比設有海外校區。該校目前有開辦 MBA 及 EMBA 課程、金融碩士以及博士等學位課程。 該學院學位的頒發受到法國教育部的認可，所頒發文憑具有國家學位資格。INSEAD 與美國賓夕法尼亞大學沃頓商學院結成 “INSEAD-Wharton AllianceINSEAD 在 2019 和 2018 年 QS 世界大學排名商業與管理學領域名列全球第 2，連續多年位於全球前三位置，其在學術聲譽（Academic Reputation) 一欄更是取得了滿分 100 分的評級。它匯聚世界各地的人才、文化和思想，其全球視野和文化多樣性體現在研究和教學的各個環節之中，被譽為 “歐洲的哈佛商學院”。
en: INSEAD offers a full-time MBA program, an Executive MBA (EMBA) program, a Master in Finance program, a PhD in management program, a Master in Management program and a variety of executive education programs.
qas: question: zh_tw: INSEAD 提供什麼樣的課程？
en: What kind of program does INSEAD offer?
answers: zh_tw: text: MBA 及 EMBA 課程、金融碩士以及博士等學位課程
en: text: full-time MBA program, an Executive MBA (EMBA) program, a Master in Finance program, a PhD in management program, a Master in Management program and a variety of executive education programs.
蘇庫德夫・塔帕
Sukhdev Thapar

context: zh_tw: 蘇庫德夫・塔帕（1907 年 5 月 15 日－1931 年 2 月 3 日）是一位印度獨立革命人物，他是印度斯坦社會主義共和協會 (Hindustan Socialist Republican Association) 的高層會員，並在 1931 年被處以絞刑，得年 23 歲。
en: Sukhdev Thapar (15 May 1907 – 23 March 1931) was an Indian revolutionary. He was a senior member of Hindustan Socialist Republican Association. He was hanged on 23 March 1931 at the age of 23. His ancestral house is in Naughara Mohalla of Ludhiana town, Punjab, India. He was son of Ram Lal and Ralli Devi.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蘇庫德夫・塔帕是哪國國籍？
en: What nationality was Sukhdev Thapar?
answers: zh_tw: text: 印度
en: text: Indian
Gmail
Gmail

context: zh_tw: 2008 年 6 月 5 日推出的 Gmail 實驗室功能讓使用者能夠試用新的或是實驗性的 Gmail 特性。實驗室提供的功能是可選的，同時提供反饋渠道，使得工程師可以獲得使用者對新特性的意見來做出改進並瞭解功能的流行程度。
en: The Gmail Labs feature, introduced on June 5, 2008, allows users to test new or experimental features of Gmail. Users can enable or disable Labs features selectively and provide feedback about each of them. This allows Gmail engineers to obtain user input about new features to improve them and also to assess their popularity.Popular features, like the "Undo Send" option, often "graduate" from Gmail Labs to become a formal setting in Gmail.All Labs features are experimental and are subject to termination at any time.
qas: question: zh_tw: Gmail 實驗室是哪一年推出的？
en: What year was Gmail Labs introduced?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2008 年
en: text: 2008
佛陀國際賽道
Buddh International Circuit

context: zh_tw: 佛陀國際賽道又稱菩提國際賽道、布達國際賽道（英文：Buddh International Circuit）是位於印度北方邦大諾伊達的一條賽道，臨近首都新德里。賽道舉辦的最著名賽事是自 2011 年開始進行的世界一級方程式錦標賽印度大獎賽。賽道於 2011 年 10 月 18 日正式啟用，全長 5.137 公里，由設計過多條 F1 賽道的德國建築家赫爾曼・提爾克（Hermann Tilke）規劃建造。2012 年 9 月，這一賽道還舉辦了世界超級跑車錦標賽 GT1 級別的賽事。2013 年，世界摩托車錦標賽以及世界超級摩托車錦標賽也將在此舉辦分站賽事。
en: The Buddh International Circuit (Hindi: बुद्ध अन्तरराष्ट्रीय परिपथ) is an Indian motor racing circuit situated in Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. The track shares its name with Gautama Buddha, as does the district the track is located in.
qas: question: zh_tw: 佛陀國際賽道的位置在哪裡？
en: What is the location of the Buddh International Circuit?
answers: zh_tw: text: Circuit）是位於印度北方邦大諾伊達的一條賽道，臨近首都新德里。
en: text: Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
親密關係
Intimate relationship

context: zh_tw: 需要精神上的滿足感親密關係在人類的生活經歷方面佔有舉足輕重的地位。人類與生俱來地具有一種歸屬感和去愛別人的需要，而當這些需要被滿足時，親密關係就形成了。親密關係包括幾類人群，例如：受到吸引的人，喜歡或愛的人，存在浪漫友情或性關係的人，獲得感情支援、與之相伴一生的人。
en: An intimate relationship is an interpersonal relationship that involves physical or emotional intimacy. Although an intimate relationship is commonly a sexual relationship, it may also be a non-sexual relationship involving family, friends, or acquaintances.Emotional intimacy involves feelings of liking or loving one or more people, and may result in physical intimacy. Physical intimacy is characterized by romantic love, sexual activity, or other passionate attachment. These relationships play a central role in the overall human experience. Humans have a general desire to belong and to love, which is usually satisfied within an intimate relationship. Such relationships allow a social network for people to form strong emotional attachments.
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼具有被愛的需求？
en: What has a desire to be loved?
answers: zh_tw: text: 人類
en: text: Humans
無精子症
Azoospermia

context: zh_tw: 無精子症（英語：Azoospermia）是指男性精液中沒有精子的症狀。無精子症與男性不育密切相關，但許多都是可以治療的。在人類中，無精子症影響力約 1% 的男性群體，造成了大約 20% 的男性不育。
en: Azoospermia is the medical condition of a man whose semen contains no sperm. It is associated with infertility, but many forms are amenable to medical treatment. In humans, azoospermia affects about 1% of the male population and may be seen in up to 20% of male infertility situations.
qas: question: zh_tw: 受到無精子症影響的男性所佔的比例是多少？
en: How many percent of male humans does azoospermia affect?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1%
en: text: 1%
各國伊斯蘭教
Islam by country

context: zh_tw: 伊斯蘭教在中東、薩赫勒、非洲之角、北非地區是主導宗教和亞洲部分地區。在中國、巴爾幹和俄羅斯也可以找到龐大的穆斯林社群。世界上其他地區同樣有著大規模的穆斯林移民社群，例如在西歐伊斯蘭教是次於基督教的第二大宗教，代表了 6% 的總人口。
en: About 15% of Muslims reside in Sub-Saharan Africa, and sizeable Muslim communities are also found in the Americas, China, Russia, and Europe.Western Europe hosts many Muslim immigrant communities where Islam is the second-largest religion after Christianity, where it represents 6% of the total population or 24 million people. Converts and immigrant communities are found in almost every part of the world.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個亞洲國家是許多穆斯林信徒的家？
en: Which asian country is home to many muslim people?
answers: zh_tw: text: 中國
en: text: China
馬來西亞州屬
States and federal territories of Malaysia

context: zh_tw: 馬來西亞是一個由 13 個州和 3 個聯邦直轄區組成的聯邦國家。11 個州屬和兩個聯邦直轄區位於馬來半島，另外兩個州屬和聯邦直轄區則位於婆羅洲島。
en: Eleven states and two federal territories are located on the Malay Peninsula, collectively called Peninsular Malaysia (Semenanjung Malaysia) or West Malaysia. Two states  are on the island of Borneo, and the remaining one federal territory consists of islands offshore of Borneo; they are collectively referred to as East Malaysia or Malaysian Borneo. Out of the 13 states in Malaysia, 9 are hereditary monarchies.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在馬來半島可以找到多少個州屬？
en: How many states can be found on the Malay Peninsula?
answers: zh_tw: text: 11
en: text: Eleven
法蒂瑪・布托
Fatima Bhutto

context: zh_tw: 法蒂瑪・布托（烏爾都語：فاطمہ بھٹو‎‎，英語：Fatima Bhutto，全名：法蒂瑪・穆塔扎・布托，1982 年 5 月 29 日－）是巴基斯坦詩人及作家。她是巴基斯坦兩位前總理：佐勒菲卡爾・阿里・布托的孫女及貝娜齊爾・布托的姪女。布托在她父親穆塔扎・布托被流放在阿富汗時出生，她母親是茀絲亞・法西烏丁（Fauzia Fasihudin）是一名阿富汗外交官的女兒。她亦有一名同父異母的弟弟，比拉瓦爾・布托・扎爾達里是其表弟。布托支援她繼母琴瓦・布托（Ghinwa Bhutto）在巴基斯坦人民黨的分支，但無意從政。
en: Fatima Bhutto (Urdu: فاطمہ بھُٹّو‎; born 29 May 1982) is a Pakistani writer. Born in Kabul, she is daughter of Murtaza Bhutto, niece of former Pakistani Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and granddaughter of former Pakistani Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto. She is a critic of her aunt Benazir Bhutto and her husband Asif Ali Zardari, whom she accused of being involved in her father's murder.Bhutto was raised in Syria and Karachi and received her B.A from Barnard College followed by an M.A from SOAS. Her most notable work is her 2010 non-fiction book about her family, Songs of Blood and Sword.
qas: question: zh_tw: 布托是哪國人？
en: What nationality is Bhutto?
answers: zh_tw: text: 巴基斯坦詩人
en: text: Pakistani
阿普拉瓦西・加特地區
Aapravasi Ghat

context: zh_tw: 阿普拉瓦西・加特地區位於模里西斯首都路易港一個海灣的貧民區。當年這一完整的建築群目前剩下的三個石制建築遺址，現在可以判斷出它們在 19 世紀 60 年代是中轉站出入口和醫院大樓。現存遺址是移民入境的小屋，另可依稀辨認出旁邊作為公共設施的痕跡。隨後因人口增長進行的填海造陸使阿普拉瓦西・加特地區逐漸遠離海岸。
en: The Immigration Depot was built on the east side of the sheltered bay of Trou Fanfaron in Port Louis, the Mauritian capital. The historic complex currently consists of the partial remains of three stone buildings dating back to the 1860s, built on the spot of an earlier depot site. It consists of the entrance gateway and a hospital block, remnants of immigration sheds, and vestiges of the service quarters.Subsequent land reclamations as a result of urban development have moved the Immigration Depot's location further inland. The Caudan Waterfront, a marina being developed as an economic and tourist center, is situated beyond the site.
qas: question: zh_tw: 模里西斯的首都是什麼？
en: What is the capital of Mauritian?
answers: zh_tw: text: 路易港
en: text: Port Louis
彼得・塞曼
Pieter Zeeman

context: zh_tw: 彼得・塞曼（荷蘭語：Pieter Zeeman，荷蘭語讀音：[ˈzeːmɑn]，1865 年 5 月 25 日－1943 年 10 月 9 日），荷蘭物理學家。1885 年進入萊頓大學在亨德里克・洛倫茲和海克・卡末林・昂內斯的指導下學習物理，1893 年取得博士學位。1896 年塞曼發現了原子光譜在磁場中的分裂現象，被命名為塞曼效應。隨後，洛倫茲在理論上對這種現象進行了解釋。二人因此被授予 1902 年的諾貝爾物理學獎。
en: In 1896, shortly before moving from Leiden to Amsterdam, he measured the splitting of spectral lines by a strong magnetic field, a discovery now  known as the Zeeman effect, for which he won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics. This research involved an investigation of the effect of magnetic fields on a light source. He discovered that a spectral line is split into several components in the presence of a magnetic field. Lorentz first heard about Zeeman's observations on Saturday 31 October 1896 at the meeting of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in Amsterdam, where these results were communicated by Kamerlingh Onnes. The next Monday, Lorentz called Zeeman into his office and presented him with an explanation of his observations, based on Lorentz's theory of electromagnetic radiation.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他從哪裡搬到阿姆斯特丹？
en: He moved from where to Amsterdam?
answers: zh_tw: text: 萊頓
en: text: Leiden
沙比提大毛拉・阿不都爾巴克
Sabit Damolla

context: zh_tw: 清光緒九年（1883 年），沙比提出生於新疆喀什噶爾附近的阿圖什。1920 年代，沙比提畢業於新疆督軍楊增新創辦的新疆俄文法政專門學校，之後前往埃及、土耳其、印度、阿富汗、蘇聯等國遊學，並掌握了英語、土耳其語等語言，接受泛突厥主義思想。沙比提看到中東穆斯林國家並不支援中國的泛突厥運動，轉而尋求英國支援。
en: Sabit Damolla Abdulbaqi was born in 1883, in county of Atush in the Kashgar vilayet, where he received religious education. In the 1920s, he graduated from Xinjiang Academy of Politics and Laws in Ürümqi (later becoming Xinjiang University), that was founded by Governor Yang Zengxin in 1924 and originally performed courses in Russian, Chinese and Uyghur. After completing university, he visited the Middle East, touring Saudi Arabia, Turkey and Egypt; he also visited the Soviet Union, where he continued his studies. In 1932 he returned to Xinjiang through India, where he joined Emir Muhammad Amin Bughra in preparing a rebellion in Khotan district. Sabit Damulla was convinced that the Islamic world was not interested in supporting Uyghur independence, and so he turned to the Great Powers instead. Yang Zengxin had closed the publishing venture in Artush owned by Sabit Damulla. Sabit was a Jadidist.
qas: question: zh_tw: 沙比提在哪一年出生？
en: What year was Abdulbaqi born in?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1883 年
en: text: 1883
索奇克察爾
Xōchiquetzal

context: zh_tw: 其夫為雨神特拉洛克，而後特斯卡特利波卡將其誘姦並強迫其嫁給自己。其他版本中也可見其嫁為森特奧特爾、希赫特庫特利之妻的說法。
en: Unlike several other figures in the complex of Aztec female earth deities connected with agricultural and sexual fecundity, Xochiquetzal is always depicted as an alluring and youthful woman, richly attired and symbolically associated with vegetation and in particular flowers. By connotation, Xochiquetzal is also representative of human desire, pleasure, and excess, appearing also as patroness of artisans involved in the manufacture of luxury items.She was followed by a retinue consisting of birds and butterflies.  Worshippers wore animal and flower masks at a festival, held in her honor every eight years. Her twin was Xochipilli and her husband was Tlaloc, until Tezcatlipoca kidnapped her and she was forced to marry him.  At one point, she was also married to Centeotl and Xiuhtecuhtli.  By Mixcoatl, she was the mother of Quetzalcoatl.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰綁架了索奇皮利？
en: Who kidnapped Xochipilli?
answers: zh_tw: text: 特斯卡特利波卡
en: text: Tezcatlipoca
微型行星
Minor planet

context: zh_tw: 微型行星（minor planet）是直接環繞著我們的太陽的天體，但它們暨不是主要的行星，也不是原本所謂的彗星。微型行星可以是矮行星、小行星、特洛伊天體、半人馬小行星、古柏帶天體、和其它的海王星外天體。第一顆微型天體是在 1801 年發現的穀神星（矮行星，但從發現開始迄 1851 年，它都被視為一顆行星）。在小行星中心已經存有軌道資料的天體超過 570,000 顆。
en: A minor planet is an astronomical object in direct orbit around the Sun (or more broadly, any star with a planetary system) that is neither a planet nor exclusively classified as a comet. Before 2006 the International Astronomical Union (IAU) officially used the term minor planet, but during that year's meeting it reclassified minor planets and comets into dwarf planets and small Solar System bodies (SSSBs).Minor planets can be dwarf planets, asteroids, trojans, centaurs, Kuiper belt objects, and other trans-Neptunian objects. As of 2019, the orbits of 794,832 minor planets were archived at the Minor Planet Center,  541,128 of which had received permanent numbers (for the complete list, see index).The first minor planet to be discovered was Ceres in 1801. The term minor planet has been used since the 19th century to describe these objects. The term planetoid has also been used, especially for larger (planetary) objects such as those the International Astronomical Union (IAU) has called dwarf planets since 2006. Historically, the terms asteroid, minor planet, and planetoid have been more or less synonymous. This terminology has become more complicated by the discovery of numerous minor planets beyond the orbit of Jupiter, especially trans-Neptunian objects that are generally not considered asteroids. A minor planet seen releasing gas may be dually classified as a comet.
qas: question: zh_tw: 微型行星既不是行星，也不是什麼天體？
en: Minor planets are neither a planet nor what astronomical object?
answers: zh_tw: text: 彗星
en: text: comet
世界衛生組織
World Health Organization

context: zh_tw: 執行委員會是世界衛生大會的執行機構，負責執行大會的決議、政策和委託的任務，它由 32 位有資格的衛生領域的技術專家組成，每位成員均由其所在的成員國選派，由世界衛生大會批准，任期三年，每年改選三分之一。根據世界衛生組織的君子協定，聯合國安理會 5 個常任理事國是必然的執委成員國，但席位第三年後輪空一年。
en: The World Health Assembly (WHA) is the legislative and supreme body of WHO. Based in Geneva, it typically meets yearly in May. It appoints the Director-General every five years and votes on matters of policy and finance of WHO, including the proposed budget. It also reviews reports of the Executive Board and decides whether there are areas of work requiring further examination. The Assembly elects 34 members, technically qualified in the field of health, to the Executive Board for three-year terms. The main functions of the Board are to carry out the decisions and policies of the Assembly, to advise it and to facilitate its work. The current chairman of the executive board is Dr. Assad Hafeez.
qas: question: zh_tw: 大會成員應該獲得哪個領域的資格？
en: What field should the members of Assembly be qualified in?
answers: zh_tw: text: 衛生
en: text: health
2002 年大西洋颶風季
2002 Atlantic hurricane season

context: zh_tw: 包括科羅拉多州立大學的威廉・M・格雷博士及其同僚在內的一些颶風專家會針對每年的大西洋颶風季釋出颶風活動預測，其預測和美國國家海洋和大氣管理局相互獨立。格雷的團隊認定，1950 到 2000 年間的每年大西洋颶風季平均會形成 9.6 場熱帶風暴，5.9 場颶風和 2.3 場大型颶風。而美國國家海洋和大氣管理局則認為一個大西洋颶風季平均會形成 9 至 12 場熱帶風暴，其中 5 到 7 場會成為颶風，兩場會達到大型颶風強度。
en: Noted hurricane expert William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University issue forecasts of hurricane activity each year, separately from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Gray's team determined the average number of storms per season between 1950 and 2000 to be 9.6 tropical storms, 5.9 hurricanes, and 2.3 major hurricanes (storms exceeding Category 3). A normal season, as defined by NOAA, has 9 to 12 named storms, of which 5 to 7 reach hurricane strength and 1 to 3 become major hurricanes.
qas: question: zh_tw: 格雷和他的團隊在哪裡工作？
en: Where do Gray and his team work?
answers: zh_tw: text: 科羅拉多州立大學
en: text: Colorado State University
桑馬省
Sanma Province

context: zh_tw: 桑馬省是萬那杜的一個省，位於該國北部。萬那杜最大的島嶼埃斯皮裡圖桑託島位於桑馬省，在澳大利亞悉尼東北方向約 2500 公里處。桑馬（Sanma）一詞來源於兩個主要島嶼桑託島（Santo）與馬洛島（Malo）的合寫。該省人口 32 340，面積 4 248 km².
en: The name Sanma is derived from the initial letters of the main islands of (Espiritu) SANto and MAlo.
qas: question: zh_tw: 桑馬這名來源於哪兩個主要島嶼？
en: What main islands was the name Sanma made?
answers: zh_tw: text: 桑託島（Santo）與馬洛島
en: text: SANto and MAlo
科菲・安南
Kofi Annan

context: zh_tw: 2012 年 2 月 23 日，他出任聯合國與阿盟聯合特使，到敘利亞等國展開斡旋行動，以解決敘利亞危機，並提出了安南六點和平計劃。2012 年 8 月 31 日任期結束。
en: On 23 February 2012, Annan was appointed as the UN-Arab League envoy to Syria, in an attempt to end the civil war taking place. He developed a six-point plan for peace:
qas: question: zh_tw: 安南什麼時候被任命為敘利亞特使的一員？
en: When was Annan appointed to be part of an envoy to Syria?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2012 年 2 月 23 日
en: text: 23 February 2012