zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
弗里德里希・卡爾・馮・薩維尼
Friedrich Carl von Savigny

context: zh_tw: 1803 年薩維尼發表了著名的《財產法》。1804 年與 Kunigunde Brentano 結婚。1808 年在蘭茨胡特被正式聘為教授，教授羅馬民法，但薩維尼在那裡只教授了三個學期。1810 年薩維尼受到威廉・馮・洪堡的邀請到新成立的弗里德里希 - 威廉 - 柏林大學教授羅馬法。1814 年海德堡大學的蒂堡教授發表為一篇著名的論文， Über die Notwendigkeit eines allgemeinen bürgerlichen Rechts für Deutschland （關於一個一般的德意志民法的必要性）。同年，身為柏林大學校長的薩維尼發表著名的歷史法學派經典著作，《論當代立法與法理學方面的使命》。同年他的兒子卡爾・弗里德里希・薩維尼出生，該子後來成為德國著名的外交家。
en: In 1808 Savigny was appointed full professor of Roman law at Landshut. He remained in this position for a year and a half. In 1810 he was appointed to the chair of Roman law at the new University of Berlin, chiefly at the insistence of Wilhelm von Humboldt. Here, in connection with the faculty of law, he created a "Spruch-Collegium", an extraordinary tribunal competent to deliver opinions on cases remitted to it by the ordinary courts; and he took an active part in its labours. This was the busiest time of his life. He was engaged in lecturing, in the government of the university (of which he was the third rector), and as tutor to the crown prince in Roman, criminal and Prussian law. During his time in Berlin Savigny befriended Niebuhr and Eichhorn.
qas: question: zh_tw: 薩維尼受聘於哪一年？
en: What year was Savigny appointed?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1808 年
en: text: 1808
伊瓦爾斯・戈德馬尼斯
Ivars Godmanis

context: zh_tw: 伊瓦爾斯・戈德馬尼斯（拉脫維亞語：Ivars Godmanis，1951 年 11 月 27 日－）為一名拉脫維亞政治家，也是拉脫維亞道路黨成員。戈德馬尼斯是拉脫維亞從蘇聯獨立後第一個總理，並兩次擔任拉脫維亞總理（1990 年－1993 年、2007 年－2009 年）。目前他是拉脫維亞的歐洲議會議員。
en: Ivars Godmanis (born 27 November 1951) is a Latvian politician who was Prime Minister of Latvia from 1990 to 1993 and again from 2007 to 2009. He was the first Prime Minister of Latvia after the country restored its independence from the Soviet Union.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪兩個時期是伊瓦爾斯・戈德馬尼斯擔任總理的？
en: Which two periods of time was Ivars Godmanis the Prime Minster from?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1990 年－1993 年、2007 年－2009 年
en: text: 1990 to 1993 and again from 2007 to 2009
麥克斯・布魯克斯
Max Brooks

context: zh_tw: 麥克斯・布魯克斯 （Max Brooks，1972 年 5 月 22 日 -）是一位美國作家、編劇和男演員。他是喜劇製作人 Mel Brooks 和女演員 Anne Bancroft 之子。他主要寫作恐怖和幽默故事。
en: Maximillian Michael Brooks (born May 22, 1972) is an American actor and author. He is the son of comedy filmmaker Mel Brooks and actress Anne Bancroft. Much of Brooks's writing focuses on zombie stories. He is a lecturer at the Modern War Institute at West Point, New York.
qas: question: zh_tw: 馬克西米安的母親的名字是什麼？
en: What is the name of Maximillian's mother?
answers: zh_tw: text: Anne Bancroft
en: text: Anne Bancroft
哈麗特・阿巴斯諾特

context: zh_tw: 哈麗特・阿巴斯諾特（英文：Harriet Arbuthnot，1793 年 9 月 10 日－1834 年 8 月 2 日）是 19 世紀早期英國日記作者、社會觀察家和託利黨的政治女強人。在 1820 年代，她是滑鐵盧戰役的英雄不列顛首相第一代威靈頓公爵 “最親近的女性朋友”。她在很長一段時間裡與公爵保持通訊和交往，並將其記載於自己的日記中，這些素材被威靈頓公爵的各種權威傳記所廣泛採用。
qas: question: zh_tw: 哈麗特・阿巴斯諾特在什麼時候去世？
en: When did Harriet Arbuthnot die?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1834 年 8 月 2 日

context: zh_tw: 她生長於英國貴族的環境中並且與一位身為議會成員的政治家締結婚姻，因此有著絕佳的機會去結識攝政時期與後拿破崙時代的各種重量級人物。她經常逐字記錄各種會議和交談的內容，今人所撰的許多關於這一時期的歷史及傳記往往會引用阿巴斯諾特夫人的字句。她在從政生涯中的觀察和記述並不僅僅侷限於個人體驗，而是以相同的關注來描述公共政治、重大事件與日常生活，留給歷史學家們關於那些事件的清晰的全景圖。她的日記最後於 1950 年以《阿巴斯諾特夫人日記》為題結集出版。
qas: question: zh_tw: 她的日記在哪一年發表？
en: In what year were her diaries published?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1950 年
一致空間
Uniform space

context: zh_tw: 在拓撲學這個數學領域裡，一致空間（uniform space）是指帶有一致結構的集合。一致空間是一個拓撲空間，有可以用來定義如完備性、一致連續及一致收斂等一致性質的附加結構。
en: In the mathematical field of topology, a uniform space is a set with a uniform structure. Uniform spaces are topological spaces with additional structure that is used to define uniform properties such as completeness, uniform continuity and uniform convergence. Uniform spaces generalize metric spaces and topological groups, but the concept is designed to formulate the weakest axioms needed for most proofs in analysis.
qas: question: zh_tw: 當有可能保證 f（x）和 f（y）彼此接近時，我們用什麼來說明這種情況呢？
en: What do we term the situation when it is possible to guarantee that f(x) and f(y) be as close to each other
answers: zh_tw: text: 一致空間
en: text: Uniform spaces

context: zh_tw: 一致空間也可以使用偽度量的系統來得到等價的定義，此種定義方式對泛函分析（帶有由半範數而得的偽度量）特別有用。更精確地說，設 f: X × X → R 為集合 X 上的一偽度量，逆像 Ua = f –1 ([0,a])，其中的 a>0，可證明能形成了一個一致性的基礎周圍系統。由 Ua 所生成的一致性即是由單個偽度量 f 所定義的一致性。
en: Uniform spaces may be defined alternatively and equivalently using systems of pseudometrics, an approach that is particularly useful in functional analysis (with pseudometrics provided by seminorms). More precisely, let f: X × X → R be a pseudometric on a set X.  The inverse images Ua = f−1([0,a]) for a > 0 can be shown to form a fundamental system of entourages of a uniformity. The uniformity generated by the Ua is the uniformity defined by the single pseudometric f. Certain authors call spaces the topology of which is defined in terms of pseudometrics gauge spaces.
qas: question: zh_tw: 一致空間可以用於何處？
en: Where can uniform spaces be applied?
answers: zh_tw: text: 泛函分析
en: text: functional analysis
利安德羅・古埃塔

context: zh_tw: 2011 年夏季，古埃塔和厄瓜多足球甲級聯賽球隊何塞特蘭獨立簽約。他在 2011 賽季第二階段聯賽中出場 18 次，射進 1 球，幫助球隊保級成功。2012 年 1 月，古埃塔加盟德國足球丙級聯賽球隊威斯巴登。 1 月 24 日，他在威斯巴登 1 比 1 戰平雲達不萊梅 II 的比賽第 69 分鐘替補出場，完成在德丙聯賽的首秀，這也是他唯一一次代表威斯巴登一線隊出場。之後他還代表威斯巴登 II 在地區聯賽登場一次。3 月 20 日，古埃塔和威斯巴登經過談判提前終止合同。2012 年 7 月 12 日，古埃塔和中國足球甲級聯賽球隊深圳紅鑽簽訂了一份為期半年的短期合同。7 月 21 日，古埃塔在深圳紅鑽主場 1 比 0 擊敗天津松江的比賽最後時刻替補樂山孝志出場，第一次代表深圳紅鑽亮相。 他為深圳紅鑽在中甲聯賽出場 11 次，其中 10 次是作為替補登場，射進 1 球，賽季結束後沒有得到球隊的續約合同。
qas: question: zh_tw: 古艾達的合同何時終止？
en: when did Guaita's contract get terminated?
answers: zh_tw: text: 3 月 20 日

question: zh_tw: 他何時首秀？
en: When was his debut?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1 月 24 日
愛國黨 (瓜地馬拉)
Patriotic Party (Guatemala)

context: zh_tw: 2003 年 11 月 9 日舉行的瓜地馬拉立法選舉，愛國黨作為全國大聯盟政黨聯盟成員，贏得了 24.3% 的選票和 47 個席位。同一天聯盟總統候選人奧斯卡・貝爾赫在總統選舉中贏得了 34.3% 的選票。他在第二輪選舉贏得了 54.1%，當選瓜地馬拉總統。
en: At the legislative elections held on 9 November 2003, the party was part of the Grand National Alliance which won 24.3% of the vote and 47 out of 158 Congressional seats. The presidential candidate of the alliance, Óscar Berger Perdomo, won 34.3% at the presidential elections of the same day. He won 54.1% at the second round and was elected president.
qas: question: zh_tw: 愛國黨贏得了多少個國會席位？
en: How many Congressional seats did the party win?
answers: zh_tw: text: 47
en: text: 47
費奧多爾・費奧多羅維奇・烏沙科夫
Fyodor Ushakov

context: zh_tw: 烏沙科夫出生在雅羅斯拉夫州的 Burnakovo，他的家庭是一個不太大的貴族家庭。1761 年 1 月 15 日，烏沙科夫在京師聖彼得堡報名加入了俄羅斯帝國皇家海軍。接受訓練後，烏沙科夫進入波羅的海艦隊的一艘戰艦上服役。1768 年烏沙科夫調任至亞速海艦隊所屬塔甘羅格港，並參加了 1768 年 —1774 年的俄土戰爭。在戰爭中，烏沙科夫指揮了葉卡捷琳娜大帝陛下為自己而造的戰艦，戰後，烏沙科夫在地中海保護了俄國商船免受英國私掠船的襲擊。
en: On 15 February 1761, he signed up for the Russian Navy in Saint Petersburg. After training, he served on a galley in the Baltic Fleet. In 1768 he was transferred to the Don Flotilla (Azov Sea Navy) in Taganrog, and served in the Russo-Turkish War (1768–74). He commanded Catherine II's own yacht, and later defended Russian merchant ships in the Mediterranean from British naval attacks.
qas: question: zh_tw: 訓練後他在哪裡服役？
en: Where did he serve after training?
answers: zh_tw: text: 波羅的海艦隊的一艘戰艦
en: text: on a galley in the Baltic Fleet
金馬刺戰役
Battle of the Golden Spurs

context: zh_tw: 在被法國軍隊逐出家園之後，1302 年 3 月 18 日，布魯日的市民們重回這座城市並殺死了他們見到的每一個法國人。這次屠殺也被稱作 “布魯日晨禱”（Brugse Metten），屠夫 Jan Breydel 和 Pieter de Coninck 成了該次起義的領導人，布魯日大廣場儲存著二人的塑像。法國總督 Jacques de Châtillon 勉強逃脫。這個名稱採用了西西里晚禱的喻意。根據傳說，布魯日市民們透過要求被懷疑物件用荷蘭語念一句荷蘭短語 schilt ende vriend（即英文 shield and friend，中文 “庇護和朋友”）來判斷他是不是法國人。 那些難以用荷蘭語念這句口令（shibboleth）的人便被殺掉了。
en: In June 1297, the French invaded Flanders and gained some rapid successes. The English, under Edward I, withdrew to face a war with Scotland and the Flemish and French signed a temporary armistice in 1297, the Truce of Sint-Baafs-Vijve, which halted the conflict. In January 1300, when the truce expired, the French invaded Flanders again and by May were in total control of the county. Guy of Dampierre was imprisoned and Philip himself toured Flanders making administrative changes.After Philip left Flanders, unrest broke out again in the Flemish city of Bruges directed against the French governor of Flanders, Jacques de Châtillon. On 18 May 1302, rebellious citizens who had fled Bruges returned to the city and murdered every Frenchman they could find, an act known as the Bruges Matins. With Guy of Dampierre still imprisoned, command of the rebellion was taken by John and Guy of Namur. Most of the towns of the County of Flanders agreed to join the Bruges rebellion except for the city of Ghent which refused to take part. Most of the Flemish nobility also took the French side, fearful of what had become an attempt to take power by the lower classes.
qas: question: zh_tw: 布魯日晨禱在何時發生？
en: When did the Bruges Matins happen?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1302 年 3 月 18 日
en: text: 18 May 1302
紐倫堡火車總站
Nuremberg Central Station

context: zh_tw: 紐倫堡火車總站是城際快車（ICE）25 號線、28 號線、31 號線、41 號線、91 號線以及城際列車 / 歐城列車（IC/EC）26 號線、28 號線、31 號線和 61 號線的交叉點，同時也是紐倫堡市內唯一的長途車站。這些線路在紐倫堡總站的發車頻率大多為每小時 1 班，部分甚至會透過線路重疊的方式達至更為密集的發車頻率。幾乎所有從慕尼黑髮往北方的長途列車服務如今均會集中透過高速鐵路先行抵達紐倫堡，並只能在此分離前往不同的目的地。而隨著紐倫堡至萊比錫之間的高速鐵路建成，通往柏林的行車時間還將大大加快。長途列車由此處可通往慕尼黑、萊比錫、柏林、進入萊茵 - 美因城市群和魯爾區，此外也可以通往斯圖加特、卡爾斯魯厄、漢堡甚至帕紹和維也納。區際快車（IRE）在這裡設有每日連線至開姆尼茨和德累斯頓的服務。而夜間列車服務則包括前往漢堡、科隆和維也納。
en: Long-distance trains travel from here to Munich, Leipzig, Berlin, into the Rhine-Main and the Ruhrgebiet; to Stuttgart, Karlsruhe and Hamburg as well as Passau and Vienna. An Interregio-Express link runs to Chemnitz and Dresden. Night trains travel to various destinations including the Baltic Sea, Copenhagen, Vienna, Prague and Moscow.
qas: question: zh_tw: 從這裡前往慕尼黑，可以使用哪種交通方式？
en: What can be used to travel from here to Munich?
answers: zh_tw: text: 長途列車
en: text: Long-distance trains
SOCKS
SOCKS

context: zh_tw: METHOD 是服務端選中的方法。如果返回 0xFF 表示沒有一個認證方法被選中，客戶端需要關閉連線。之後客戶端和服務端根據選定的認證方式執行對應的認證。
en: Several messages may now pass between the client and the server, depending on the authentication method chosen.
qas: question: zh_tw: 什麼影響客戶端和伺服器之間的訊息傳遞？
en: What affect the passage of messages between client and server?
answers: zh_tw: text: 選定的認證方式
en: text: authentication method chosen
蝮蛇屬
Agkistrodon

context: zh_tw: 蝮蛇有數個較為常見的特徵：所有蝮蛇都有著扁平的頭部及短銳的牙齒，除食魚蝮外牠們都有眼鼻間的鱗片。頭冠位置有約九片大頂鱗，不過這九片頂鱗的配置位置是不規則的，這特點於墨西哥蝮身上尤為明顯。肛鱗則只有一片。蝮蛇的身體紋理普遍以較淺的顏色為底色，配以 10 至 20 行較暗色（多為黑色）的斑紋。關於蝮蛇屬下三個品種的種系發展問題，一直都備受爭議。根據以生物分類學及毒性分析為基礎的研究結果，可以證明墨西哥蝮跟銅頭蝮間有著較親密的關係。可是，據 1993 年另一項線粒體 DNA 實驗以及 1999 年的分子研究結論所得，三者的發展關係應為：墨西哥蝮與食魚蝮本身是姊妹品種，而銅頭蝮則同時與二者為近似品種。
en: Members of this genus have a number of features in common. All species have a relatively broad head with short fangs. A loreal scale is present, except in A. piscivorus. Usually, nine large symmetrical platelike scales are on the crown of the head, but in all species, these are often irregularly fragmented or have sutures, especially in A. bilineatus. All have a sharply defined canthus rostralis and a vertically elliptical pupil. Usually eight (6-10) supralabial scales and usually 10-11 (8-13) sublabials are present. The dorsal scales are mostly keeled and at midbody number 21-25 (usually 23), while A. piscivorus has 23-27 (usually 25). The snake has 127-157 ventral scales and 36-71 subcaudals. Of the latter, some may be divided. The anal scale is single. All have a color pattern of 10-20 dark crossbands on a lighter ground color, although sometimes the crossbands are staggered as half bands on either side of the body.The phylogeny of the three species has long been controversial. Studies based on morphological  and venom characteristics  support the idea that A. bilineatus and A. contortrix are more closely related. However, an analysis of mitochondrial DNA,, as well as more recent molecular studies, have concluded that A. bilineatus and A. piscivorus are sister taxa, with A. contortrix being a sister species to them both.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這些物種的毒牙有多長？
en: How long are the fangs that these species have?
answers: zh_tw: text: 短
en: text: short
GNUmed
GNUmed

context: zh_tw: GNUmed 主要是用來管理電子健康紀錄。它提供了紙本紀錄的歸檔功能，併為這些紀錄加上後設資料。它還可以執行一些管理工作，如新增病人資料，或是紀錄性的工作，如病人的過敏或免疫紀錄等等。
en: GNUmed is primarily used to manage electronic medical records. It provides means of archiving paper records as well as collecting metadata on these records. Some uses include administrative tasks such as adding and activating patients, and recording tasks such as data on patients' allergies or immunization records.
qas: question: zh_tw: GNUmed 有助於歸檔哪一類醫療記錄？
en: GNUmed helps archive what type of medical record?
answers: zh_tw: text: 紙本紀錄
en: text: paper records

context: zh_tw: 官方的 Wiki 上也有一個章節是 GNUmed 今天可以為我做什麼？其包含了更廣泛的概觀。每個版本都會加入不同的功能。
en: The Wiki features a section called WhatCanIActuallyDOWithGNUmedToday which gives a broader overview. Each release adds a distinct set of polished features.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在維基上可以找到哪些部分？
en: What section can be found on Wiki?
answers: zh_tw: text: GNUmed 今天可以為我做什麼？
en: text: WhatCanIActuallyDOWithGNUmedToday
瓦列裡・契卡洛夫
Valery Chkalov

context: zh_tw: 契卡洛夫創作了多種花式飛行技術。於 1936 年和 1937 年他參與了多項長途不著陸飛行，包括 1936 年 7 月 20 日駕駛實驗型圖波列夫 ANT-25 飛機由莫斯科出發駛經法蘭士約瑟夫地群島、北地群島、堪察加彼得巴甫洛夫斯克和哈巴羅夫斯克，經歷 56 小時距離 9,374 公里（5,825 英里）的飛行後於濃霧中降落在烏德島岸邊，為了再起飛而在島上築起臨時的木製跑道。這條航線以斯大林命名，亦因為破紀錄的飛行里程提升了契卡洛夫在蘇聯的政治地位使他被選為最高蘇維埃議會的代表。1937 年 6 月 18 日再駕駛 ANT-25 由莫斯科經北極飛往華盛頓州溫哥華，全程 8,811 公里（5,475 英里）耗時 63 小時。
en: Chkalov achieved several milestones in aviation. In 1936 and 1937, he participated in several ultra long flights, including a 63-hour flight from Moscow, Soviet Union to Vancouver, Washington, United States via the North Pole in a Tupolev ANT-25 airplane (18–20 June 1937), a non-stop distance of 8,811 kilometres (5,475 mi). The flight pioneered the polar air route from Europe to the American Pacific Coast.
qas: question: zh_tw: 契卡洛夫有什麼特技？
en: What was Chkalov's specialty?
answers: zh_tw: text: 飛行
en: text: aviation
州際公路系統
Interstate Highway System

context: zh_tw: 由於美國各城市向外圍擴張，高速公路的維護成本亦隨之水漲船高，因此興建新公路的預算受到擠壓。這使得收費式高速公路成為新州際公路較可能的營運方式。有些州際公路的維護作業則改由外包（例如 VMS Inc. 負責維護德州段的 35 號州際公路），此作法可節省州政府的維修成本，州政府亦可以將重點放在改善快速發展地區的交通。但州際公路系統的未來仍值得我們深思。可能的方向是部份公路必須改為收費以增加收入支付維修及未來道路興建的費用。目前有些城市已開始對高承載車道收費，例如聖地牙哥、鹽湖城、明尼阿波利斯、芝加哥、休士頓、達拉斯、亞特蘭大以及華盛頓特區。
en: As American suburbs have expanded, the costs incurred in maintaining freeway infrastructure have also grown, leaving little in the way of funds for new Interstate construction. This has led to the proliferation of toll roads (turnpikes) as the new method of building limited-access highways in suburban areas. Some Interstates are privately maintained (for example, the VMS company maintains I‑35 in Texas) to meet rising costs of maintenance and allow state departments of transportation to focus on serving the fastest-growing regions in their states.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰負責維護 I-35？
en: Who maintains I-35?
answers: zh_tw: text: 例如 VMS Inc. 負責維護德州段的 35 號州際公路
en: text: VMS company
立陶宛蘇維埃社會主義共和國國歌
Anthem of the Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic

context: zh_tw: 立陶宛蘇維埃社會主義共和國國歌使用於 1950 年至 1990 年。由安塔納斯・文茨洛瓦作詞，巴利斯・德瓦里奧納斯、伊奧納斯・什維亞達斯作曲。1977 年修改歌詞，刪除了關於對斯大林個人崇拜的內容。1990 年立陶宛獨立，恢復舊國歌。目前，本國歌在立陶宛境內被禁唱。
en: The music was composed by Balys Dvarionas and Jonas Švedas, and the original lyrics authored by Antanas Venclova. After Joseph Stalin's death, Vacys Reimeris changed the second stanza of the lyrics to remove mention of Stalin. The second stanza lyrics were changed to state that Lenin had lit the path to freedom, helped by the Russian people, led by the party (Reimeris changed the word "Stalin" to "party") and exhorted the Lithuanian people to work with peoples of the other Soviet Republics. This Soviet era anthem was confirmed in Article 169 of the 1978 Constitution of the Lithuanian SSR (this is the version presented below).
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰創作了蘇維埃時期的國歌？
en: Who composed the soviet era anthem?
answers: zh_tw: text: 巴利斯・德瓦里奧納斯、伊奧納斯・什維亞達斯
en: text: Balys Dvarionas and Jonas Švedas
津利
Gimlé

context: zh_tw: 津利，Gimle。古北歐語：Gimlé。在北歐神話中，可能是指一座山的名字或是一座大廳。其位置在神之國──阿斯嘉特（Asgard）的南邊。
en: In Norse mythology, Gimlé (alternately Gimli as in Icelandic) is a place where the worthy survivors of Ragnarök are foretold to live. It is mentioned in the Prose Edda and the Eddic poem "Völuspá" and described as the most beautiful place in Asgard, more beautiful than the sun.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪裡是諸神的黃昏的尊貴幸存者之居所？
en: Where did the worthy survival of Ragnarok settle?
answers: zh_tw: text: Gimlé
en: text: Gimlé
綠黨 (捷克)
Green Party (Czech Republic)

context: zh_tw: 2007 年 1 月，綠黨與公民民主黨（ODS）和基督教民主聯盟 - 捷克斯洛伐克人民黨（KDU–ČSL）共同組成執政聯盟。
en: The party held a single seat (Jaromír Štětina) in the Senate (upper house of the Parliament of the Czech Republic) between 2004 and 2010. In the 2006 legislative election the party received 6.3% of the vote and won six seats in the lower house – the Chamber of Deputies. This subsequently led to taking part in the governing coalition, together with the Civic Democrats (ODS) and the Christian Democrats (KDU–ČSL) from January 2007 to March 2009 (for more details see Mirek Topolánek's Second Cabinet). However the Green Party was unable to repeat its success in 2010 elections, losing all seats in both chambers.
qas: question: zh_tw: 該黨參加聯盟的第一年是哪一年？
en: What was the first year in which the party took part in the coalition?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2007 年
en: text: 2007
洞察號火星探測器
InSight

context: zh_tw: 洞察號的科學和工程團隊十分強大。他們由來自美國，法國，德國，奧地利，比利時，加拿大，日本，瑞士，西班牙，波蘭和英國等各個機構和領域科學家組成。領導火星探測漫遊者計劃的科學家 W. 布魯斯・巴內特是洞察號計劃的主要研究者，並參與了 SEIS 儀器的研發。蘇姍妮・斯姆雷卡爾對行星的演化進行了廣泛的研究，並參與設計了熱流量儀器，是 HP3 儀器的主要領導者。RISE 的首席研究員則是來自 JPL 的威廉・福克納。洞察號的任務團隊還包括專案經理湯姆・霍夫曼和專案副經理亨利・斯通。主要國家機構：
en: The InSight science and engineering team includes scientists and engineers from many disciplines, countries and organizations. The science team assigned to InSight includes scientists from institutions in the U.S., France, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Japan, Switzerland, Spain, Poland and the United Kingdom.Mars Exploration Rover project scientist W. Bruce Banerdt is the principal investigator for the InSight mission and the lead scientist for the SEIS instrument. Suzanne Smrekar, whose research focuses on the thermal evolution of planets and who has done extensive testing and development on instruments designed to measure the thermal properties and heat flow on other planets, is the lead for InSight's HP3 instrument. The Principal Investigator for RISE is William Folkner at JPL. The InSight mission team also includes project manager Tom Hoffman and deputy project manager Henry Stone. Major contributing agencies and institutions are:
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是洞察科學團隊的成員？
en: Who was apart of the scientific team for InSight?
answers: zh_tw: text: 由來自美國，法國，德國，奧地利，比利時，加拿大，日本，瑞士，西班牙，波蘭和英國等各個機構和領域科學家組成
en: text: scientists from institutions in the U.S., France, Germany, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Japan, Switzerland, Spain, Poland and the United Kingdom
白石 (詩人)
Baek Seok

context: zh_tw: 白石（1912 年－1995 年），本名白夔行，是北韓著名詩人。他出生於平安北道定州市。1929 年到 1934 年就讀於東京青山學院。1934 年入朝鮮日報社工作。1936 年出版了第一本詩集《鹿》，十分擅用平安方言。
en: Baek Seok (born Paek Kihaeng; July 1, 1912 - January 7, 1995), was a Korean poet.
qas: question: zh_tw: 白石什麼時候去世？
en: What year did Baek Seok pass away?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1995
en: text: 1995
鹽罐
Cellini Salt Cellar

context: zh_tw: 鹽罐（Saliera）是本韋努託・切利尼的唯一倖存的黃金作品。在切利尼於 1540 年至 1543 年在巴黎逗留期間，由弗朗索瓦一世委託製造。在 1570 年由法王查理九世與奧地利大公伊麗莎白結婚時，給蒂羅爾州的斐迪南二世。它藏於藝術史博物館，2003 年 5 月 11 日被盜，直到 2006 年 1 月 21 日才在茨韋特爾附近的森林挖出。這個極為寶貴的餐桌用具，是用手工錘打成其精緻的造型。其中按照他自己的說法，切利尼用很寫意的手法鍛造出這件黃金作品，來寓意地球。在他的自傳中，提到這件作品，他說：“…… 顯示海是如何與陸地結合，我做了兩個軀體，如一對手掌，高坐在旁邊，他們互相交織在一起的腳，就像我們所看到的大地給滔滔海洋的懷抱。而大海，我描繪成一個男人，舉著一艘精緻的黃金鍛造的船，這裡可以容納足夠的鹽，其下有四隻海馬，海神右手裡拿著三叉戟。我把地球化作為一個女人，我為這樣一個美麗的人物來展現我所知道大地的優雅。她的旁邊的地上，放著豐富裝飾的寺廟辣椒罐。…… 在其一側是，地球所帶來的許多美麗的形態。” 在此底座（八方裝飾），有寓言四風（四季）與一天的時間（黎明、白天、傍晚、黑夜）。
en: The Cellini Salt Cellar (in Vienna called the Saliera, Italian for salt cellar) is a part-enamelled gold table sculpture by Benvenuto Cellini.  It was completed in 1543 for Francis I of France, from models that had been prepared many years earlier for Cardinal Ippolito d'Este.
qas: question: zh_tw: 它是在哪一年完成？
en: What year was it completed?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1543
en: text: 1543
對維基百科的批評
Criticism of Wikipedia

context: zh_tw: 有些貢獻者抱怨當衝突出現時，編輯維基百科是十分沉悶的事，又抱怨有些懷著奇特信念的人只要投入的時間夠多，他們的觀點便得到提倡，因為其他人沒有那麼多時間及幹勁反駁那些偏見。一些貢獻者指稱維基百科存在非正式的集團經常提倡及打壓若干觀點，舉例他們時常指稱若干頁面被狂熱者及特別利益團體盤據，這些團體時常回退新人所作的修改。這個問題最常見於具爭議性題目，有時更導致編輯戰、回退戰及頁面被保護。為了應付這種情形，英文維基百科成立了一個仲裁委員會去處理那些最差的違反者，不過事情未惡化到此地步前，一個化解衝突的策略獲得大力鼓勵，為了制止不停回退頁面，吉米・威爾士引進了「回退不過三」的規則，就是那些在 24 小時內回退一篇文章超過 3 次的使用者會封禁 24 小時。
en: In 2008, a team from the Palo Alto Research Center found that for editors that make between two and nine edits a month, the percentage of their edits being reverted had gone from 5% in 2004 to about 15%, and people who only make one edit a month were being reverted at a 25% rate. According to The Economist magazine (2008), "The behaviour of Wikipedia's self-appointed deletionist guardians, who excise anything that does not meet their standards, justifying their actions with a blizzard of acronyms, is now known as "wiki-lawyering"." In regards to the decline in the number of Wikipedia editors since the 2007 policy changes, another study stated this was partly down to the way "in which newcomers are rudely greeted by automated quality control systems and are overwhelmed by the complexity of the rule system."Another complaint about Wikipedia focuses on the efforts of contributors with idiosyncratic beliefs, who push their point of view in an effort to dominate articles, especially controversial ones. This sometimes results in revert wars and pages being locked down. In response, an Arbitration Committee has been formed on the English Wikipedia that deals with the worst alleged offenders—though a conflict resolution strategy is actively encouraged before going to this extent. Also, to stop the continuous reverting of pages, Jimmy Wales introduced a "three-revert rule", whereby those users who reverse the effect of others' contributions to one article more than three times in a 24-hour period may be blocked.In a 2008 article in The Brooklyn Rail, Wikipedia contributor David Shankbone contended that he had been harassed and stalked because of his work on Wikipedia, had received no support from the authorities or the Wikimedia Foundation, and only mixed support from the Wikipedia community. Shankbone wrote, "If you become a target on Wikipedia, do not expect a supportive community."
qas: question: zh_tw: 當人們試圖盤踞維基百科文章時會發生什麼？
en: What can happen when people try to dominate Wiki articles?
answers: zh_tw: text: 回退戰及頁面被保護
en: text: revert wars and pages being locked down
印度人航空
Indian Airlines

context: zh_tw: 印度人航空（Indian Airlines，又譯為印度國內航空）總部設在印度德里，國營航空公司，由印度民航部管理，以營運國內航線和鄰近亞洲國家國際航線為主。2007 年經印度政府同意合併為印度國家航空公司印度航空的子公司。
en: Indian Airlines, later Indian, was a major Indian airline based in Delhi and focused primarily on domestic routes, along with several international services to neighbouring countries in Asia. It was state-owned after merger of eight pre-Independence domestic airlines and was administered by the Ministry of Civil Aviation. Indian was one of the two flag carriers of India, the other being Air India.
qas: question: zh_tw: 印度航空一般飛哪幾條航線？
en: What type of flights did Indian Airlines generally fly?
answers: zh_tw: text: Airlines，又譯為印度國內航空）總部設在印度德里，國營航空公司，由印度民航部管理，以營運國內航線和鄰近亞洲國家國際航線為主。
en: text: domestic routes
喬治・班克羅夫特
George Bancroft

context: zh_tw: 喬治・班克羅夫特（英語：George Bancroft，1800 年 10 月 3 日－1891 年 1 月 17 日），美國 19 世紀政治人物、歷史學家、外交官。1845 年至 1846 年擔任美國海軍部長，於安納波利斯興建了美國海軍學院；1846 年至 1849 年擔任美國駐英大使，1867 年至 1874 年擔任駐德大使。
en: George Bancroft (October 3, 1800 – January 17, 1891) was an American historian and statesman who was prominent in promoting secondary education both in his home state and at the national and international levels. During his tenure as U.S. Secretary of the Navy, he established the United States Naval Academy at Annapolis in 1845. He was a senior American diplomat in Europe.  Among his best-known writings is the magisterial series, History of the United States, from the Discovery of the American Continent.
qas: question: zh_tw: 喬治・班克羅夫特是誰？
en: Who is George Bancroft?
answers: zh_tw: text: 美國 19 世紀政治人物、歷史學家
en: text: an American historian and statesman
菲利普 (黑森)
Philipp, Landgrave of Hesse

context: zh_tw: 1933 年 6 月，菲利普被任命為黑森 - 拿騷省省長，而且是德意志帝國議會和普魯士州議會的成員。菲利普在納粹政權的鞏固中扮演重要的角色。他向納粹當局介紹其他貴族。作為義大利國王的女婿，他在希特勒和墨索里尼間頻繁地起著穿針引線的作用。他還是希特勒在義大利的藝術代理人。
en: While in Italy, Philipp fell under the influence of Fascism, or otherwise believed the Bolsheviks to be a greater threat.  On his return to Germany in October 1930, he joined the National Socialist German Workers' Party.  In 1932, he joined the Stormtroopers (SA, commonly referred to as the Brown Shirts), and, the following year, his younger brother Christoph joined the Schutzstaffel (SS).  Later, his two other brothers, including Wolfgang, also joined the SA.  Through his party membership, Philipp became a particularly close friend of Hermann Göring, the future head of the German air force (Luftwaffe). In the Stormtroopers, he held the rank of Obergruppenführer.Following the appointment of Adolf Hitler as the German Chancellor on 30 January 1933, Philipp was appointed Oberpräsident (Governor) of Hesse-Nassau in June 1933. With the electoral success of Hitler's political party, he also became a member of the Reichstag and of the Staatsrat of Prussia.  Philipp played an important role in the consolidation of National Socialist rule in Germany.  He introduced other aristocrats to NSDAP officials and, as son-in-law of the king of Italy, was a frequent go-between for Hitler and Benito Mussolini. He also acted as an art agent for Hitler in Italy.. On March 11th 1938 he delivered Hitler's letter of reassurance to Mussolini prior to Hitler's marching into Austria, and received a gushing call from Hitler upon the news of Mussolini's acquiesence.
qas: question: zh_tw: 菲利普把什麼推上了檯面？
en: What did Philipp bring to the table?
answers: zh_tw: text: 他向納粹當局介紹其他貴族
en: text: He introduced other aristocrats to NSDAP officials
費多爾・亞歷山德羅維奇・佈列季欣
Fyodor Bredikhin

context: zh_tw: 費奧多爾・亞歷山德羅・佈列季欣（俄語：Фёдор Александрович Бредихин；1831 年 12 月 8 日－1904 年 5 月 14 日（儒略曆 5 月 1 日）），是一位俄羅斯天文學家。他的姓氏在文學作品中有時稱為 “佈列季欣”，而在非俄語來源中，有時則稱為 “西奧多”。
en: Fyodor Aleksandrovich Bredikhin (Russian: Фёдор Александрович Бредихин, 8 December 1831 – 14 May 1904 (O.S.: 1 May)) was a Russian astronomer.  His surname is sometimes given as Bredichin in the literature, and non-Russian sources sometimes render his first name as Theodor.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這位來自俄羅斯的天文學家叫什麼名？
en: What was the name of the astronomer from Russia?
answers: zh_tw: text: 費奧多爾・亞歷山德羅・佈列季欣
en: text: Fyodor Aleksandrovich Bredikhin
安洛先
Allocer

context: zh_tw: 安洛先（Allocer），亦稱安洛瑟，是神秘學書籍《所羅門的小鑰匙》中第一部份「Ars Goetia」所記載的七十二位魔神之一，排行第 52 位，為地獄之侯爵。
en: In demonology Allocer (also spelled Alocer or Alloces) is a demon whose title is Great Duke of Hell, and who has thirty-six legions of demons under his command. He induces people to immorality and teaches arts and all mysteries of the sky.
qas: question: zh_tw: 被安洛先附身的另一種方法是什麼？
en: What is another way to spell Allocer?
answers: zh_tw: text: 安洛先（Allocer），亦稱安洛瑟
en: text: Alocer or Alloces
史提芬・卡皮契
Stefan Kapičić

context: zh_tw: 卡皮契出生於北萊茵 - 西發利亞的科隆。為女演員 Slobodanka Zugic 和前南斯拉夫籃球員 Dragan 的兒子。卡皮契在貝爾格勒的戲劇藝術學院學習表演。此外，他還會塞爾維亞語和俄語。
en: Kapičić was born 1 December 1978 in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany, the son of Slobodanka "Beba" Žugić, a Montenegrin actress, and Dragan Kapičić, a retired Yugoslavian basketball player. His father played for Saturn Köln during that time. At three years of age the family returned to SFR Yugoslavia. His grandfather bought him his first comic book when he was six years old, which sparked what he called an "ongoing love" in a 2015 interview about his role in Deadpool. He studied acting at the Faculty of Dramatic Arts in Belgrade. He speaks Serbian, English, German  and Russian.
qas: question: zh_tw: 卡皮契出生於哪裡？
en: Where was Kapicic born?
answers: zh_tw: text: 北萊茵 - 西發利亞的科隆
en: text: Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, West Germany
行星狀星雲
Planetary nebula

context: zh_tw: 行星狀星雲在銀河系演化的化學上扮演關鍵性的角色，將恆星創造的元素擴散成為銀河系星際物質中的元素。在遙遠的星系內也觀察到行星狀星雲，收集它們的資訊有助於瞭解化學元素的丰度。
en: Planetary nebulae likely play a crucial role in the chemical evolution of the Milky Way by expelling elements into the interstellar medium from stars where those elements were created. Planetary nebulae are observed in more distant galaxies, yielding useful information about their chemical abundances.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在遙遠的星系中可以看到什麼的星雲？
en: What kind of nebulae are seen in far away galaxies?
answers: zh_tw: text: 行星狀星雲
en: text: Planetary

context: zh_tw: 測量星雲中的金屬丰度有兩種主要的方法，都是依靠複合線和碰撞所激發的譜線。但是，這兩種方法的結果有時會出現很大的歧異。這或許可以用行星狀星雲內部都存在著一些溫度擾動來解釋；但有些太大的差異就無法用溫度來解釋。有些假設存在著非常小的氫冷凝結點，來解釋觀測到存在的現象。然而，迄今尚未觀察到這種結點。
en: The distances to planetary nebulae are generally poorly determined. It is possible to determine distances to the nearest planetary nebula by measuring their expansion rates. High resolution observations taken several years apart will show the expansion of the nebula perpendicular to the line of sight, while spectroscopic observations of the Doppler shift will reveal the velocity of expansion in the line of sight. Comparing the angular expansion with the derived velocity of expansion will reveal the distance to the nebula.The issue of how such a diverse range of nebular shapes can be produced is a debatable topic. It is theorised that interactions between material moving away from the star at different speeds gives rise to most observed shapes. However, some astronomers postulate that close binary central stars might be responsible for the more complex and extreme planetary nebulae. Several have been shown to exhibit strong magnetic fields, and their interactions with ionized gas could explain some planetary nebulae shapes.There are two main methods of determining metal abundances in nebulae. These rely on recombination lines and collisionally excited lines. Large discrepancies are sometimes seen between the results derived from the two methods. This may be explained by the presence of small temperature fluctuations within planetary nebulae. The discrepancies may be too large to be caused by temperature effects, and some hypothesize the existence of cold knots containing very little hydrogen to explain the observations. However, such knots have yet to be observed.
qas: question: zh_tw: 冷結哪元素包含太少了？
en: The cold knots contain too little of what element?
answers: zh_tw: text: 氫
en: text: hydrogen
忽男忽女
Glen or Glenda

context: zh_tw: 貝拉・勒古西（Bela Lugosi）在劇中是個「自然學家」，一個目的不明確的角色。他飾演的角色有點像旁白，但是在此一劇中並沒有安排他為旁白；而此劇的旁白由預告片的旁白－Timothy Farrell 擔當。 這位自然學家是環繞著恐怖電影外表與服飾，例如：他使用頭骨和試管來告誡觀眾「當心坐在你們門階上的大綠龍」。現有的連續鏡頭為北美野牛橫衝直撞的畫面在加上這位自然學家的臉，而重疊在一起的原因並不是個什麼重要的原因。此一各式各樣的超越現實主義的夢的連續鏡頭在 Glen 被一個面向醜惡的角色追殺時同時播放。
en: Wood persuaded Lugosi, at the time poor and drug-addicted, to appear in the movie. Lugosi's scenes were shot at the Jack Miles Studios in Los Angeles. He was reportedly paid $5000 for the role, although some stories state the actual amount was only $1000. Lugosi is credited as "The Scientist", a character whose purpose is unclear. He acts as a sort of narrator but gives no narration relevant to the plot; that job is reserved for the film's primary narrator, Timothy Farrell.This was the only film Wood directed but did not also produce. Wood played the eponymous character, but under the pseudonym "Daniel Davis". His then-girlfriend, Dolores Fuller, played Glen's girlfriend/fiancée Barbara. Wood later returned to Glen or Glenda in his pulp novel Killer in Drag (1963). The plot features a transvestite called Glen whose alter-ego is called Glenda. He is executed in the sequel Death of a Transvestite (1967) after a struggle for the right to go to the electric chair dressed as Glenda.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個角色貫穿整部影片給出一系列旁白但實際上這些內容與情節無關？
en: Which character throughout the film provides a sort of narration that is actually irrelvant to plot?
answers: zh_tw: text: 自然學家
en: text: "The Scientist"
超級適居行星
Superhabitable planet

context: zh_tw: 大氣層：密度比地球大氣層更高，且氧氣含量要高於地球。可使生命體體積更大、種類更豐富。目前沒有證據顯示發現了符合以上所有要求的系外行星。在 2015 年 7 月 23 日系外行星資料庫更新後，最接近以上要求的天體是克卜勒 442b。它的母恆星為橙矮星、半徑 1.34 R⊕、質量 2.34 M⊕，但表面溫度估計值為 270.35 K（−2.80 °C）。
en: Atmosphere: somewhat denser than Earth's and with a higher concentration of oxygen. That will make life larger and more abundant.There is no confirmed exoplanet that meets all these requirements. After updating the database of exoplanets on 23 July 2015, the one that comes closest is Kepler-442b, belonging to an orange dwarf star, with a radius of 1.34R⊕ and a mass of 2.34M⊕, but with an estimated surface temperature of −2.65 °C (27.23 °F).
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪個是最接近要求的外行星？
en: Which is the closest exoplanet?
answers: zh_tw: text: 最接近以上要求的天體是克卜勒 442b
en: text: Kepler-442b
海蟾蜍
Cane toad

context: zh_tw: 蟾毒素在澳洲被列為一級藥物，與海洛因及大麻同類。蟾毒素的影響與輕度中毒相似，會產生輕度幻覺等刺激，歷時少於 1 小時。甚至有狗在舔海蟾蜍的背之後，出現成癮症狀。由於海蟾蜍只會分泌小量的蟾毒素，而其他毒素相對的劑量較多，食用海蟾蜍可以引起嚴重疾病或甚至死亡。
en: The skin of the adult cane toad is toxic, as well as the enlarged parotoid glands behind the eyes, and other glands across its back. When the toad is threatened, its glands secrete a milky-white fluid known as bufotoxin. Components of bufotoxin are toxic to many animals; even human deaths have been recorded due to the consumption of cane toads.  Dogs are especially prone to be poisoned by licking or biting toads. If you live around cane toads and your pet shows excessive drooling, extremely red gums, head-shaking, crying, loss of coordination, and/or convulsions, take it to a vet immediately. Bufotenin, one of the chemicals excreted by the cane toad, is classified as a class-1 drug under Australian law, alongside heroin and cannabis. The effects of bufotenin are thought to be similar to those of mild poisoning; the stimulation, which includes mild hallucinations, lasts less than an hour. As the cane toad excretes bufotenin in small amounts, and other toxins in relatively large quantities, toad licking could result in serious illness or death.In addition to releasing toxin, the cane toad is capable of inflating its lungs, puffing up, and lifting its body off the ground to appear taller and larger to a potential predator.Since 2011, experimenters in the Kimberley region of Western Australia have used poisonous sausages containing toad meat to try to protect native animals from cane toads' deadly impact. The Western Australian Department of Environment and Conservation, along with the University of Sydney, developed baits to train native animals not to eat the toads. By blending bits of toad with a nausea-inducing chemical, the baits train the animals to stay away from the amphibians.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蟾毒素與什麼有同等效果？
en: Bufotenin has the same effect as what?
answers: zh_tw: text: 輕度中毒
en: text: mild poisoning
NGC 6624
NGC 6624

context: zh_tw: NGC 6624 是一個位於人馬座的球狀星團，由威廉・赫歇爾發現於 1784 年 6 月 24 日。該星團視星等 7.6
en: NGC 6624 is a globular cluster in the constellation Sagittarius. It was discovered on 24 June 1784 by the astronomer William Herschel. It is given an apparent magnitude of 7.6 to 8.5.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是首位看到這個球狀星團？
en: Who first saw this globular cluster?
answers: zh_tw: text: 威廉・赫歇爾
en: text: William Herschel
銅色文鳥
Bronze mannikin

context: zh_tw: 銅色文鳥（學名：Lonchura cucullata），是梅花雀科文鳥屬的一種，分佈於辛巴威、加彭、尚比亞、衣索比亞、南非、幾內亞比索、貝南、塞內加爾、尼日、查德、維爾京群島（引進種、已絕滅）、馬裡、象牙海岸、安哥拉、波多黎各（引進種）、赤道幾內亞、史瓦濟蘭、盧安達、喀麥隆、葛摩、奈米比亞、獅子山、迦納、中非共和國、奈及利亞、賴比瑞亞、聖多美和普林西比、肯亞、坦尚尼亞、蒲隆地、剛果民主共和國、波札那、剛果、幾內亞、甘比亞、蘇丹、馬拉維、布吉納法索、多哥、烏干達和莫三比克。全球活動範圍約為 3,880,000 平方千米。該物種的保護狀況被評為無危。
en: It is native to mainland Africa and the Bioko, Pemba, Zanzibar, Mafia and Comoro islands, and has been introduced to Puerto Rico, where it is established. There are two accepted races, but an extensive region around the upper Nile River is inhabited by birds with intermediate features. A proposed third race, L. c. subsp. tressellata Clancey, 1964 is not generally recognized. The type was obtained in Senegal.
qas: question: zh_tw: 這種生物可以在哪個島或美國領土上找到？
en: What island and U.S territory can the creature be found in?
answers: zh_tw: text: cucullata），是梅花雀科文鳥屬的一種，分佈於辛巴威、加彭、尚比亞、衣索比亞、南非、幾內亞比索、貝南、塞內加爾、尼日、查德、維爾京群島（引進種、已絕滅）、馬裡、象牙海岸、安哥拉、波多黎各（引進種）、赤道幾內亞、史瓦濟蘭、盧安達、喀麥隆、葛摩、奈米比亞、獅子山、迦納、中非共和國、奈及利亞、賴比瑞亞、聖多美和普林西比、肯亞、坦尚尼亞、蒲隆地、剛果民主共和國、波札那、剛果、幾內亞、甘比亞、蘇丹、馬拉維、布吉納法索、多哥、烏干達和莫三比克。
en: text: Puerto Rico
Nemo 33
Nemo 33

context: zh_tw: Nemo 33 位於比利時首都布魯塞爾，深達 34.5 米（113 英尺）。它含 2.5 萬公升保持在 30℃（86 ° F）無氯、高過濾的泉水，和幾個 10 米（33 英尺）深度的水下洞穴。水下有許多窗戶，讓泳客在不同的深度看到泳池的外面。此泳池是由比利時的潛水專家 John Beernaerts 設計，可作為多用途潛水教學、娛樂和電影製作設施。
en: Nemo 33 is an indoor non-chlorinated fresh water facility in Brussels, Belgium. It held the record as the deepest indoor swimming pool in the world between its opening on May 1, 2004, and the completion of Y-40 in Montegrotto Terme, Padua, Italy on June 5, 2014.The pool's maximum depth is 34.5 metres (113 ft). It contains 2,500,000 litres (550,000 imp gal; 660,000 US gal) of non-chlorinated, highly filtered spring water, maintained at 30 °C (86 °F) by a solar heater, and holds several simulated underwater caves at the 10 metres (33 ft) depth level. Due to the warm temperature in the pool, divers can dive for extended periods without a dry suit. The complex was designed by Belgian diving expert John Beernaerts as a multipurpose diving instruction, recreational, and film production facility in 2004. Popular Mechanics rates Nemo 33 as one of the top 18 strangest pools in the world.
qas: question: zh_tw: 它含有多少升泉水？
en: How many litres of spring water does it contain?
answers: zh_tw: text: 它含 2.5 萬公升保持在 30℃（86
en: text: 2,500,000 litres
高斯號遠徵
Gauss expedition

context: zh_tw: 1901 年 8 月 11 日，德蓋斯基率領第一組德國南極遠征隊，搭乘高斯號離開德國基爾，探索凱爾蓋朗群島。一部分探險隊在凱爾蓋朗群島駐紮，其餘主要隊員則繼續往南。德蓋斯基號召隊員在赫德島上展開全面性的地質、植物相和動物相調查。儘管從 1903 年 2 月被浮冰困在當地已有 14 個月，他們仍發現了新的南極洲地區，凱撒・威廉二世地和高斯堡火山。德蓋斯基也是第一個在南極洲使用探空氣球的人。
en: A small party of the expedition was also stationed on the Kerguelen Islands, while the main party proceeded further south. Erich von Drygalski paid a brief call to Heard Island and provided the first comprehensive scientific information on the island's geology, flora, and fauna.
qas: question: zh_tw: 主要隊伍對照小隊伍朝著哪個方向？
en: What direction was the main party in relation to the small party?
answers: zh_tw: text: 南
en: text: south
遠洋白鰭鯊

context: zh_tw: 博物學家勒內 - 普里梅韋勒・萊松於 1822 至 1825 年乘護衛艦 “貝殼號”（Coquille）環遊世界，他在此次旅程中首次描述了遠洋白鰭鯊。萊松描述了在法屬玻里尼西亞土阿莫土群島發現的兩個標本，並將該鯊魚命名為 “Squalus maou”，該詞來源於波利尼西亞語，意為 “鯊魚”。但萊松的描述和命名之後被遺忘了。1861 年，古巴人費利佩・波伊將這種鯊魚命名為 “Squalus longimanus”，之後又更名為 “Pterolamiops longimanus”。其種加詞 “longimanus” 來源於拉丁文，有 “很長的手” 之意，指遠洋白鰭鯊較長的胸鰭。。遠洋白鰭鯊在英文中還有許多常見的別名，如 “布朗・米爾伯特的沙條鯊魚”（Brown Milbert's sand bar shark）、“棕鯊”（brown shark）、“長野鯊”（nigano shark）、“白鰭鯨”（whitetip whaler）和 “白鰭鯊”（whitetip shark）。
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰在 1861 年提供了有關海洋白鰭鯊的詳細資訊？
en: Who gave details about the oceanic whitetip shark in 1861?
answers: zh_tw: text: 1861 年，古巴人費利佩・波伊將這種鯊魚命名為 “Squalus

context: zh_tw: 大部分遠洋白鰭鯊的鰭（背鰭，胸鰭，腹鰭，尾鰭）的末端呈白色，幼魚標本和少數成魚則無此特徵。鰭其他部分可存在斑點，幼魚可存在黑色的斑點。第一和第二背鰭之間可能存在明顯的鞍狀斑點。遠洋白鰭鯊的牙齒形態多樣，下顎為相對較小的三角形薄鋸齒，兩側各 13 至 15 顆。上顎為相對較大的三角形鋸齒，兩側各 14 至 15 顆。鋸齒較平，通常有 5 到 7 個脊。
qas: question: zh_tw: 遠洋白鰭鯊幼魚的明顯特徵是什麼？
en: What distinguishes young specimen of oceanic whitetip sharks?
answers: zh_tw: text: 黑色的斑點

context: zh_tw: 遠洋白鰭鯊以浮游頭足綱和硬骨魚類為主要食物。不過其進食種類可以更為多樣化，選擇性更低，它已知的食物種類包括馬鮁科、黃貂魚、海龜、鳥類、腹足綱、甲殼亞門和哺乳動物的腐肉。它食用的硬骨魚類包括帆蜥魚科、皇帶魚科、梭子魚、鰺科、鯕鰍、旗魚、鮪魚和鯖魚。它的進食方式包括朝一群魚咬食或是張著嘴遊過大群的金槍魚。當吃到其它種類的魚時，它會變得很有攻擊性。小說《大白鯊》的作者彼得・本奇利曾觀察到遠洋白鰭鯊遊在領航鯨旁邊，並以後者的糞便為食。
qas: question: zh_tw: 遠洋白鰭鯊以哪種的硬骨魚類為糧食呢？
en: What types of bony fish does the C. longimanus feed on?
answers: zh_tw: text: 帆蜥魚科、皇帶魚科、梭子魚、鰺科、鯕鰍、旗魚、鮪魚和鯖魚
蜥鳥盜龍屬
Saurornitholestes

context: zh_tw: 如同其他的馳龍科恐龍，蜥鳥盜龍的第二腳趾擁有長、彎曲、鐮刀狀的趾爪。與其他馳龍科如伶盜龍與馳龍相比，蜥鳥盜龍的後肢較長，體格較輕。蜥鳥盜龍的頜部前部擁有大型、類似犬齒的牙齒，類似伶盜龍。蜥鳥盜龍外表極類似伶盜龍，但牠們在馳龍科的分類位置仍然不確定。
en: Like other theropods in the Dromaeosauridae, Saurornitholestes had a long, curving, blade-like claw on the second toe. Saurornitholestes was more long-legged and lightly built than other dromaeosaurids such as Velociraptor and Dromaeosaurus. It resembles Velociraptor in having large, fanglike teeth in the front of the jaws. Saurornitholestes most closely resembles Velociraptor, although the precise relationships of the Dromaeosauridae are still relatively poorly understood.
qas: question: zh_tw: 蜥鳥盜龍的趾爪在哪裡？
en: Where is the Saurornitholestes' claw located?
answers: zh_tw: text: 第二腳趾
en: text: second toe
利縣 (新墨西哥州)
Lea County, New Mexico

context: zh_tw: 根據 2000 年人口普查，利縣的總面積為 4,394 平方英里（11,380 平方公里），其中有 4,393 平方英里（11,380 平方公里），即 99.98% 為陸地；1 平方英里（2.6 平方公里），即 0.02% 為水域。本縣既是新墨西哥州面積第 11 大的縣份，亦是美國面積第 89 大的縣份。
en: According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 4,394 square miles (11,380 km2), of which 4,391 square miles (11,370 km2) is land and 3.3 square miles (8.5 km2) (0.07%) is water. Lea County is located in the southeast corner of New Mexico and borders Texas to the south and east.
qas: question: zh_tw: 利縣的面積有多大？
en: what is the area of Lea County?
answers: zh_tw: text: 4,394 平方英里
en: text: total area of 4,394 square miles (11,380 km2)
約瑟夫・羅特布拉特
Joseph Rotblat

context: zh_tw: 約瑟夫・羅特布拉特（英語：Joseph Rotblat，1908 年 11 月 4 日－2005 年 8 月 31 日），波蘭裔英國物理學家、社會活動家。
en: Sir Joseph Rotblat  (4 November 1908 – 31 August 2005) was a Polish physicist, a self-described "Pole with a British passport". Rotblat worked on Tube Alloys and the Manhattan Project during World War II, but left the Los Alamos Laboratory after the war with Germany ended. His work on nuclear fallout was a major contribution toward the ratification of the 1963 Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty.  A signatory of the 1955 Russell–Einstein Manifesto, he was secretary-general of the Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs from their founding until 1973 and shared, with the Pugwash Conferences, the 1995 Nobel Peace Prize "for efforts to diminish the part played by nuclear arms in international affairs and, in the longer run, to eliminate such arms."
qas: question: zh_tw: 約瑟夫・羅特布拉特爵士的國籍是什麼？
en: What was Sir Joseph Rotblat's nationality?
answers: zh_tw: text: 波蘭裔
en: text: Polish
奧齊・奧斯本
Ozzy Osbourne

context: zh_tw: 奧茲於 1979 年退出黑色安息日，展開成功的單飛生涯，發行 11 張錄音室專輯，前 7 張都在美國獲頒白金唱片認證。他也多次和黑色安息日重聚。他多年來以黑色安息日成員與個人生涯中，唱片總銷量已經超過 1 億張。在 2000 年代早期，奧斯本在 MTV 的真人實境秀節目與家人出演，成為電視明星。
en: John Michael "Ozzy" Osbourne (born 3 December 1948) is an English singer, songwriter, actor and reality television star who rose to prominence during the 1970s as the lead vocalist of the heavy metal band Black Sabbath, during which he adopted the nickname "The Prince of Darkness". Osbourne was fired from the band in 1979 due to alcohol and drug problems, but went on to have a successful solo career, releasing eleven studio albums, the first seven of which were all awarded multi-platinum certifications in the United States. Osbourne has since reunited with Black Sabbath on several occasions. He rejoined the band in 1997 and recorded the group’s final studio album 13 (2013) before they embarked on a farewell tour which culminated in a final performance in their home city Birmingham, England in February 2017. His longevity and success have earned him the informal title of "Godfather of Heavy Metal".Osbourne's total album sales from his years in Black Sabbath, combined with his solo work, is over 100 million. As a member of Black Sabbath, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, and he was inducted into the UK Music Hall of Fame as a solo artist and as a member of the band. Possessing a distinctive singing voice, Osbourne, as a native of Birmingham, is known for his strong Brummie accent – he has a star on the Birmingham Walk of Stars in his hometown as well as the Hollywood Walk of Fame. At the 2014 MTV Europe Music Awards, he received the Global Icon Award. In 2015 Osbourne received the Ivor Novello Award for Lifetime Achievement from the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers and Authors.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪位歌手與 “黑色安息日” 樂隊重組？
en: What singer reunited with the band Black Sabbath?
answers: zh_tw: text: 奧茲
en: text: Osbourne
團隊之星
Adidas Teamgeist

context: zh_tw: 團隊之星（+Teamgeist™）是國際足球聯合會 2006 年世界盃足球賽的官方指定比賽用球，由阿迪達斯公司生產。在德語中 “teamgeist” 是意思是 “團隊精神” 或 “合作精神”。
en: The +Teamgeist (German pronunciation: [ˈtiːmgaɪ̯st]) was the official match ball for the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany. The plus sign in its name was introduced for trademark purposes, since the regular German word Teamgeist, meaning "team spirit", could not be trademarked.
qas: question: zh_tw: 團隊之星在哪一年是官方指定的比賽用球？
en: In what year was the +Teamgiest the official match ball?
answers: zh_tw: text: 2006
en: text: 2006
該撒利亞的優西比烏
Eusebius

context: zh_tw: 該撒利亞的優西比烏（Εύσέβιος，Eusebius Caesariensis 生於約 260 年或 275 年 — 可能卒在 339 年 5 月 30 日），又稱遊社博、歐瑟伯、恩彪，是巴勒斯坦地區的凱撒利亞的教會監督或主教。由於他對早期基督教歷史、教義、護教等貢獻，他被一部分後人認為是基督教史之父。
en: Eusebius of Caesarea (; Greek: Εὐσέβιος τῆς Καισαρείας, Eusébios tés Kaisareías; AD 260/265 – 339/340), also known as Eusebius Pamphili (from the Greek: Εὐσέβιος τοῦ Παμϕίλου), was a historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist. He became the bishop of Caesarea Maritima about 314 AD. Together with Pamphilus, he was a scholar of the Biblical canon and is regarded as an extremely learned Christian of his time. He wrote Demonstrations of the Gospel, Preparations for the Gospel, and On Discrepancies between the Gospels, studies of the Biblical text. As "Father of Church History" (not to be confused with the title of Church Father), he produced the Ecclesiastical History, On the Life of Pamphilus, the Chronicle and On the Martyrs.
qas: question: zh_tw: 該撒利亞的優西比烏別名叫什麼？
en: What was the Eusebius of Caesarea also called?
answers: zh_tw: text: 生於約 260 年或 275 年 — 可能卒在 339 年 5 月 30 日），又稱遊社博、歐瑟伯、恩彪，是巴勒斯坦地區的凱撒利亞的教會監督或主教。
en: text: Eusebius Pamphili
斯特拉斯堡 - 聖德尼站
Strasbourg – Saint-Denis (Paris Métro)

context: zh_tw: 斯特拉斯堡 - 聖德尼站（法語：Strasbourg - Saint-Denis）是巴黎地鐵的一個車站。斯特拉斯堡 - 聖德尼站是巴黎地鐵 4 號線、巴黎地鐵 8 號線、巴黎地鐵 9 號線的交匯車站。車站名稱來自於斯特拉斯堡大街和聖德尼大街。斯特拉斯堡 - 聖德尼站開業於 1908 年 5 月 5 日。
en: Strasbourg — Saint-Denis is a station of the Paris Métro, serving line 4, line 8, and line 9. Formerly called Boulevard Saint-Denis, its current name refers to the streets of Rue Saint-Denis and the Boulevard de Strasbourg.
qas: question: zh_tw: 它以前叫什麼？
en: What was it formerly called?
answers: zh_tw: text: 斯特拉斯堡 - 聖德尼站
en: text: Boulevard Saint-Denis
馬里奧兄弟
Mario Bros.

context: zh_tw: 《馬里奧兄弟》（日語：マリオブラザーズ，英語：Mario Bros.，也稱水管馬里奧），是一款由任天堂製作和開發的平臺遊戲，最早於 1983 年在街機上出品，後移植至 FC 等其它平臺。本遊戲由宮本茂創作。在遊戲中，馬里奧和他的兄弟路易吉的角色是一名義大利裔美國水管工。他們的任務是在紐約市的下水道中清理眾多怪物。清理怪物的時候，需要在下層撞擊使他們停止走動，然後再過去消滅他們。在最初的街機和 FC/NES 版本中，遊戲收到正面的評價。
en: Mario Bros. is a platform game published and developed for arcades by Nintendo in 1983. It was created by Shigeru Miyamoto. It has been featured as a minigame in all of the Super Mario Advance series and numerous other games. Mario Bros. has been re-released for the Wii's, Nintendo 3DS's, and Wii U's Virtual Console services in Japan, North America, Europe and Australia. It has also been re-released through Nintendo Switch Online.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰創作了《馬里奧兄弟》？
en: Who created the Mario Bros?
answers: zh_tw: text: 宮本茂
en: text: Shigeru Miyamoto
邁克爾・富特
Michael Foot

context: zh_tw: 晚年的富特仍然身兼多職，他是裁減核武運動會員、全國世俗學會榮譽準會員和英國人道主義者協會的支持者。另外，他的著作甚豐，又曾經為安奈林・貝文和 H・G・威爾斯等撰寫了廣受好評的傳記，不少人對他當初棄文從政感到可惜。
en: Foot took a back seat in Labour politics after 1983 and retired from the House of Commons at the 1992 general election, when Labour lost to the Tories (led by John Major) for the fourth election in succession, but remained politically active. From 1987 to 1992, he was the oldest sitting British MP (preceding former Prime Minister Sir Edward Heath). He defended Salman Rushdie, after Ayatollah Khomeini advocated killing the novelist in a fatwā, and took a strongly pro-interventionist position against Serbia during its conflict with Croatia and Bosnia, supporting NATO forces whilst citing defence of civilian populations in the latter countries. In addition he was among the Patrons of the British-Croatian Society. The Guardian's political editor Michael White criticised Foot's "overgenerous" support for Croatian leader Franjo Tuđman.Foot remained a high-profile member of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament. He wrote several books, including highly regarded biographies of Aneurin Bevan and H. G. Wells. Indeed, he was a distinguished Vice-president of the H. G. Wells Society. Many of his friends have said publicly that they regret that he ever gave up literature for politics.
qas: question: zh_tw: 富特為哪兩個人寫了傳記？
en: What two people did Foot write biographies of?
answers: zh_tw: text: 安奈林・貝文和 H・G・威爾斯
en: text: Aneurin Bevan and H. G. Wells