理查德・斯托曼
Richard Stallman

context: zh_tw: 1989 年，他和別人一起創立了 League for Programming Freedom。自 20 世紀 90 年代中期以來，斯托曼花他大部分時間組織參與宣傳自由軟體，反對軟體專利和數字版權管理的以及他認為剝奪使用者自由的其他法律和技術系統運動。這包括終端使用者許可協議、保密協議、 產品啟用、加密狗、軟體複製保護、專有格式、二進位制軟體包（沒有原始碼的可執行檔案）。
en: Stallman pioneered the concept of copyleft, which uses the principles of copyright law to preserve the right to use, modify, and distribute free software, and is the main author of free software licenses which describe those terms, most notably the GNU General Public License (GPL), the most widely used free software license.In 1989, he co-founded the League for Programming Freedom. Since the mid-1990s, Stallman has spent most of his time advocating for free software, as well as campaigning against software patents, digital rights management (which he referred to as digital restrictions management, calling the more common term misleading), and other legal and technical systems which he sees as taking away users' freedoms. This has included software license agreements, non-disclosure agreements, activation keys, dongles, copy restriction, proprietary formats, and binary executables without source code.
qas: question: zh_tw: 斯托爾曼反對什麼？
en: What has Stallman campaigned against?
answers: zh_tw: text: 終端使用者許可協議、保密協議、 產品啟用、加密狗、軟體複製保護、專有格式、二進位制軟體包（沒有原始碼的可執行檔案）
en: text: software license agreements, non-disclosure agreements, activation keys, dongles, copy restriction, proprietary formats, and binary executables without source code

context: zh_tw: 斯托曼 1953 年出生於美國紐約一個猶太人家庭，他的母親愛麗絲・利普曼是一名老師，父親丹尼爾・斯托曼是一名印刷機商人。由於父親酗酒並口頭虐待他的繼母，斯托曼與父母之間的關係很糟糕。他後來用暴君來描述他的父母。早年他就對計算機有很深的興趣；在斯托曼作為一個青少年參加一個夏令營時，他閱讀了一本 IBM7090 的手冊。從 1967 年到 1969 年，斯塔曼參加了哥倫比亞大學的高中生週六程式設計課程。同時他也是洛克菲勒大學生物系的志願者實驗室助理。雖然他對數學和物理學感興趣，但洛克菲勒大學的教授認為他有成為生物學家的希望。他第一次實際的使用電腦是高中年代在 IBM 紐約科學中心。他在 1970 年的夏天高中畢業後被僱用在 Fortran 寫一個數值分析程式。他在幾周後完成了這項任務，然後他用這個夏天剩餘的休息時間在 APL 上寫了一個文字編輯器以及 IBM System/360 上 PL/I 程式語言的預處理器。
en: Stallman was born March 16, 1953, in New York City, to a family of Jewish heritage. His parents are Alice Lippman, a school teacher, and Daniel Stallman, a printing press broker. Stallman had a difficult relationship with his parents, as his father had a drinking habit and verbally abused his stepmother. He later came to describe his parents as "tyrants". He was interested in computers at a young age; when Stallman was a pre-teen at a summer camp, he read manuals for the IBM 7094. From 1967 to 1969, Stallman attended a Columbia University Saturday program for high school students. Stallman was also a volunteer laboratory assistant in the biology department at Rockefeller University. Although he was interested in mathematics and physics, his teaching professor at Rockefeller thought he showed promise as a biologist.His first experience with actual computers was at the IBM New York Scientific Center when he was in high school. He was hired for the summer in 1970, following his senior year of high school, to write a numerical analysis program in Fortran. He completed the task after a couple of weeks ("I swore that I would never use FORTRAN again because I despised it as a language compared with other languages") and spent the rest of the summer writing a text editor in APL and a preprocessor for the PL/I programming language on the IBM System/360.
qas: question: zh_tw: 斯托曼在哪裡當志願者？
en: Where did Stallman spend his time as a volunteer?
answers: zh_tw: text: 洛克菲勒大學生物系
en: text: the biology department at Rockefeller University