zetavg/mlqa_en_zh_tw huggingface dataset:
Departures (2008 film)

context: en: Japanese funerals are highly ritualized affairs which are generally—though not always—conducted in accordance with Buddhist rites. In preparation for the funeral, the body is washed and the orifices are blocked with cotton or gauze. The encoffining ritual (called nōkan), as depicted in Departures, is rarely performed, and even then only in rural areas. This ceremony is not standardized, but generally involves professional morticians (納棺師, nōkanshi) ritually preparing the body, dressing the dead in white, and sometimes applying make-up. The body is then put on dry ice in a casket, along with personal possessions and items necessary for the trip to the afterlife.Despite the importance of death rituals, in traditional Japanese culture the subject is considered unclean as everything related to death is thought to be a source of kegare (defilement). After coming into contact with the dead, individuals must cleanse themselves through purifying rituals. People who work closely with the dead, such as morticians, are thus considered unclean, and during the feudal era those whose work was related to death became burakumin (untouchables), forced to live in their own hamlets and discriminated against by wider society. Despite a cultural shift since the Meiji Restoration of 1868, the stigma of death still has considerable force within Japanese society, and discrimination against the untouchables has continued.Until 1972, most deaths were dealt with by families, funeral homes, or nōkanshi.  As of 2014, about 80% of deaths occur in hospitals, and preparation of the bodies is frequently done by hospital staff; in such cases, the family often does not see the body until the funeral. A 1998 survey found that 29.5% of the Japanese population believed in an afterlife, and a further 40% wanted to believe; belief was highest among the young. Belief in the existence of a soul (54%) and a connection between the worlds of the living and the dead (64.9%) was likewise common.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在 1998 年，日本有多少人相信來生？
answers: en: text: 29.5%

context: en: Over time, Daigo becomes comfortable with his profession as he completes a number of assignments and experiences the gratitude of the families of the deceased. Though he faces social ostracism, Daigo refuses to quit, even after Mika discovers a training DVD in which he plays a corpse and leaves him to return to her parents' home in Tokyo. Daigo's former classmate Yamashita (Tetta Sugimoto) insists that the mortician find a more respectable line of work and, until then, avoids him and his family.
qas: question: zh_tw: 扮演山下的演員是誰？
answers: en: text: Tetta Sugimoto
Eocene

context: en: The cooling also brought seasonal changes. Deciduous trees, better able to cope with large temperature changes, began to overtake evergreen tropical species. By the end of the period, deciduous forests covered large parts of the northern continents, including North America, Eurasia and the Arctic, and rainforests held on only in equatorial South America, Africa, India and Australia.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪一種樹能更好的適應溫度的劇烈變化？
answers: en: text: Deciduous trees

context: en: The oldest known fossils of most of the modern mammal orders appear within a brief period during the early Eocene. At the beginning of the Eocene, several new mammal groups arrived in North America. These modern mammals, like artiodactyls, perissodactyls and primates, had features like long, thin legs, feet and hands capable of grasping, as well as differentiated teeth adapted for chewing. Dwarf forms reigned. All the members of the new mammal orders were small, under 10 kg; based on comparisons of tooth size, Eocene mammals were only 60% of the size of the primitive Palaeocene mammals that preceded them. They were also smaller than the mammals that followed them. It is assumed that the hot Eocene temperatures favored smaller animals that were better able to manage the heat.
qas: question: zh_tw: 現代哺乳動物看起來有什麼樣的四肢？
answers: en: text: long, thin legs
ReactOS

context: en: The ReactOS and the Wine projects share the goal to run binary Windows software natively and can therefore share many dependencies and development. ReactOS uses portions of the Wine project so that it can benefit from Wine's progress in implementing the Win32 API. While Wine's NTDLL, USER32, KERNEL32, GDI32, and ADVAPI32 components cannot be used directly by ReactOS due to architectural differences, code snippets of them and other parts can be shared between both projects. The kernel is developed by ReactOS separately as Wine relies here on existing Unix-like kernels.Separately, the experimental Arwinss branch was created as an alternative means to improve USER32 and GDI32 support through an alternative implementation of the Win32 API. Whereas ReactOS's original Win32 subsystem was closely modeled after its equivalent in Windows, Arwinss combines the architecture of that subsystem with the corresponding implementation in Wine. To this end, Arwinss uses Wine's GDI32 and USER32 libraries with few changes to take fuller advantage of Wine's existing software compatibility. Arwinss also allows the user to optionally use a remote X server instead of a local display.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰負責核心開發？
answers: en: text: ReactOS

context: en: While FreeWin95 had started out with high expectations, there still had not been any builds released to the public by the end of 1997. As a result, the project members, led by coordinator Jason Filby, joined together to revive the project. The revived project sought to duplicate the functionality of Windows NT. In creating the new project, a new name, ReactOS, was chosen. The project began development in February 1998 by creating the basis for a new NT kernel and basic drivers. The name ReactOS was coined during an IRC chat. While the term "OS" stood for operating system, the term "react" referred to the group's dissatisfaction with — and reaction to — Microsoft's monopolistic position.In 2002 the ReactOS Foundation was established in Moscow with Maxim Osowski and Aleksey Bragin as executive officers and Vladimir Bragin, Saveliy Tretiakov and Alexey Ivanov in board of directors. In 2015, the foundation was liquidated.
qas: question: zh_tw: ReactOS 為什麼鋪平了道路？
answers: en: text: new NT kernel and basic drivers
2017 Bahawalpur explosion

context: en: Ex-Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif expressed his grief and directed Punjab to provide "full medical assistance". He cut short a private trip to London and returned to Pakistan in the aftermath of the explosion.The British High Commission in Pakistan, the Embassy of the United States in Islamabad and UNSG António Guterres sent condolences.
qas: question: zh_tw: 巴基斯坦的上任首相是誰？
answers: en: text: Nawaz Sharif

context: en: On 25 June 2017, a tanker truck exploded near Ahmedpur East in Pakistan's Bahawalpur District, killing 219 people and injuring at least 34 others. The truck overturned when its driver attempted to make a sharp turn on the N-5 National Highway. Once the news of the accident spread to nearby villages, hundreds of residents rushed to the scene to loot the truck of its cargo. The truck then exploded; early reports suggested the explosion was caused by someone lighting a cigarette.
qas: question: zh_tw: 爆炸是由什麼引起的？
answers: en: text: someone lighting a cigarette
Grameen Bank

context: en: Grameen Bank is owned by the borrowers of the bank, most of whom are poor women. Of the total equity of the bank, the borrowers own 94%, and the remaining 6% is owned by the Bangladesh government.The bank grew significantly between 2003 and 2007. As of January 2011, the total borrowers of the bank number 8.4 million, and 97% of those are women.
qas: question: zh_tw: 格萊珉銀行歸誰所有？
answers: en: text: the borrowers of the bank, most of whom are poor women

context: en: Muhammad Yunus was inspired during the Bangladesh famine of 1974 to make a small loan of US$27 to a group of 42 families as start-up money so that they could make items for sale, without the burdens of high interest under predatory lending. Yunus believed that making such loans available to a larger population could stimulate businesses and reduce the widespread rural poverty in Bangladesh.
qas: question: zh_tw: 穆罕默德・尤努斯給了 42 個家庭多少錢？
answers: en: text: $27
Commonwealth of Nations

context: en: In the Balfour Declaration at the 1926 Imperial Conference, Britain and its dominions agreed they were "equal in status, in no way subordinate one to another in any aspect of their domestic or external affairs, though united by common allegiance to the Crown, and freely associated as members of the British Commonwealth of Nations". The term "Commonwealth" was officially adopted to describe the community.These aspects to the relationship were formalised by the Statute of Westminster in 1931, which applied to Canada without the need for ratification, but Australia, New Zealand, and Newfoundland had to ratify the statute for it to take effect. Newfoundland never did, as on 16 February 1934, with the consent of its parliament, the government of Newfoundland voluntarily ended and governance reverted to direct control from London. Newfoundland later joined Canada as its 10th province in 1949. Australia and New Zealand ratified the Statute in 1942 and 1947 respectively.Although the Union of South Africa was not among the Dominions that needed to adopt the Statute of Westminster for it to take effect, two laws—the Status of the Union Act, 1934, and the Royal Executive Functions and Seals Act of 1934—were passed to confirm South Africa's status as a sovereign state.
qas: question: zh_tw: 紐芬蘭何時成為加拿大的一部分？
answers: en: text: 1949

context: en: Queen Elizabeth II, in her address to Canada on Dominion Day in 1959, pointed out that the confederation of Canada on 1 July 1867 had been the birth of the "first independent country within the British Empire". She declared: "So, it also marks the beginning of that free association of independent states which is now known as the Commonwealth of Nations." As long ago as 1884 Lord Rosebery, while visiting Australia, had described the changing British Empire, as some of its colonies became more independent, as a "Commonwealth of Nations". Conferences of British and colonial prime ministers occurred periodically from the first one in 1887, leading to the creation of the Imperial Conferences in 1911.The Commonwealth developed from the imperial conferences. A specific proposal was presented by Jan Smuts in 1917 when he coined the term "the British Commonwealth of Nations" and envisioned the "future constitutional relations and readjustments in essence" at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919, attended by delegates from the Dominions as well as Britain. The term first received imperial statutory recognition in the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921, when the term British Commonwealth of Nations was substituted for British Empire in the wording of the oath taken by members of parliament of the Irish Free State.
qas: question: zh_tw: 變化的大英帝國被羅斯伯裡爵士叫做什麼？
answers: en: text: Commonwealth of Nations
Biopreparat

context: en: Biopreparat was a system of 18, nominally civilian, research laboratories and centers scattered chiefly around European Russia, in which a small army of scientists and technicians developed biological weapons such as anthrax, Ebola, Marburg virus, plague, Q fever, Junin virus, glanders, and smallpox. It was the largest producer of weaponized anthrax in the Soviet Union and was a leader in the development of new bioweapons technologies.
qas: question: zh_tw: Biopreparat 有多少系統組成？
answers: en: text: 18

context: en: Biopreparat was established in 1973 as a "civilian" continuation of earlier Soviet biological weapons programs.  The project was reportedly initiated by academician Yuri Ovchinnikov, who convinced General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev that development of biological weapons was necessary. The research at Biopreparat constituted a violation of the terms of the Biological Weapons Convention of 1972, which outlawed biological weapons. Its existence was steadfastly denied by Soviet officials for decades.
qas: question: zh_tw: 據報道，這一計劃是由誰倡議的？
answers: en: text: Yuri Ovchinnikov

context: en: Ebolapox (hybrid of ebola with smallpox)Annual production capacities for many of the above listed pathogens were in the tens of tons, typically with redundant production facilities located throughout the Soviet Union.
qas: question: zh_tw: 埃博拉和天花雜交的疾病是什麼？
answers: en: text: Ebolapox

context: en: In April 1979, a major outbreak of pulmonary anthrax in the city of Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg) caused the deaths of 105 or more Soviet citizens. Sverdlovsk contained a Biopreparat facility. The Soviet Union attempted to cover up reports of the incident, but details leaked out to the West in 1980 when the German newspaper Bild Zeitung carried a story about the incident. Moscow described allegations that the epidemic was an accident at a biological warfare facility as "slanderous propaganda" and insisted the anthrax outbreak had been caused by tainted meat.
qas: question: zh_tw: 古代的蘇聯的工業和行政強國在哪裡？
answers: en: text: Sverdlovsk

context: en: The Biopreparat complex suffered with the collapse of the Soviet Union. Since then several large bioweapons production lines have been officially closed. Its current state is unknown; however, it is likely that Biopreparat and successor entities continued bioweapons research and development at least through the 1990s.
qas: question: zh_tw: 在 Biopreparat 垮臺後，哪項產業開始倒閉？
answers: en: text: several large bioweapons production lines
Maffei 1

context: en: Maffei 1 is a massive elliptical galaxy classified as type E3 in the Hubble classification scheme. This means that it is slightly flattened, its semi-minor axis being 70% of its semi-major axis. Maffei 1 has also a boxy shape (E(b)3 type), while its central region (radius ≈ 34 pc) is deficient in light emission as compared to the r1/4 law, meaning that Maffei 1 is a core type elliptical. Both the boxy shape and the presence of an underluminous core are typical of intermediate to massive ellipticals.The apparent dimensions of Maffei 1 depend strongly on the wavelength of light because of the heavy obscuration by the Milky Way. In blue light it is 1–2′ across while in the near infrared its major axis reaches 23′—more than 3/4 of the Moon's diameter. At a distance of 3 Mpc this corresponds to approximately 23 kpc. The total visible absolute magnitude of Maffei 1, MV=−20.8, is comparable to that of the Milky Way.
qas: question: zh_tw: 23‘是月球直徑的幾分之幾？
answers: en: text: more than 3/4

context: en: Maffei 1 is located only 0.55° from the galactic plane in the middle of the zone of avoidance and suffers from about 4.7 magnitudes of extinction (a factor of about 1/70) in visible light. In addition to extinction, observation of Maffei 1 is further hindered by the fact that it is covered by myriads of faint Milky Way stars, which can easily be confused with its own. As a result, determining its distance has been particularly difficult.In 1971, soon after its discovery, Hyron Spinrad estimated the distance to Maffei 1 at about 1 Mpc, which would place it within the Local Group of galaxies. In 1983 this estimate was revised up to 2.1+1.3−0.8 Mpc by Ronald Buta and Marshall McCall using the general relation between the luminosity and velocity dispersion for elliptical galaxies. That distance puts Maffei 1 well outside the Local Group, but close enough to have influenced it in the past.In 1993 Gerard Luppino and John Tonry used surface brightness fluctuations to derive a new distance estimate to Maffei 1 of 4.15 ± 0.5 Mpc. Later in 2001, Tim Davidge and Sidney van den Bergh used adaptive optics to observe the brightest asymptotic giant branch stars in Maffei 1 and concluded that it is located at the distance 4.4+0.6−0.5 Mpc from the Sun. The latest determination of the distance to Maffei 1, which is based on the re-calibrated luminosity/velocity dispersion relation for the elliptical galaxies and the updated extinction, is 2.85 ± 0.36 Mpc.
qas: question: zh_tw: 距離是在哪一年被估計的？
answers: en: text: 1971

context: en: Maffei 1 possesses a tiny blue nucleus at its center approximately 1.2 pc across. It contains about 29 solar masses of ionized hydrogen. This implies that it has undergone recent star formation. There are no signs of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) in the center of Maffei 1. The X-ray emission from the center is extended and likely comes from a number of stellar sources.
qas: question: zh_tw: X 射線發射來自哪裡？
answers: en: text: a number of stellar sources
Censorship in Algeria

context: en: Recently, President Abdelaziz Bouteflika has ordered several newspapers closures, imprisoned journalists such as Mohammad Benchicou, director of Le Matin and author of a critical biography of Bouteflika, and forced others reporters into exile, mostly in France.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰負責監禁穆罕默德・本奇庫和其他記者？
answers: en: text: President Abdelaziz Bouteflika

context: en: Reporters Without Borders's (RSF in French) index for freedom of press gives approximatively 40 for Algeria since five years (although the figure has increased, signifying a lesser freedom of press). Along with L'Humanité newspaper, RWF did denounce the imprisonment of Mohammad Benchicou, director of Le Matin, who was sentenced to two years of prison for denouncing corruption in Algeria. Benchicou was awarded in 2006 the PEN/Barbara Goldsmith Freedom to Write Award.
qas: question: zh_tw: 無國界記者給予阿爾及利亞的新聞自由指數是多少？
answers: en: text: approximatively 40

context: en: The working conditions of journalists in Algeria have evolved since the 1962 independence. After 1990, the Code of Press was suppressed, allowing for greater freedom of press. However, with the civil war in the 1990s, more than 70 journalists were assassinated by Islamists. Sixty journalists were killed between 1993 and 1998 in Algeria.
qas: question: zh_tw: 有多少新聞從業員被伊斯蘭份子殺害？
answers: en: text: more than 70 journalists
Louis Vuitton

context: en: By 1913, the Louis Vuitton Building opened on the Champs-Elysees. It was the largest travel-goods store in the world at the time. Stores also opened in New York, Bombay, Washington, London, Alexandria, and Buenos Aires as World War I began. Afterwards, in 1930, the Keepall bag was introduced. During 1932, LV introduced the Noé bag. This bag was originally made for champagne vintners to transport bottles. Soon thereafter, the Louis Vuitton Speedy bag was introduced (both are still manufactured today). In 1936 Georges Vuitton died, and his son, Gaston-Louis Vuitton, assumed control of the company.
qas: question: zh_tw: 為什麼 LV 會推出 Noe 包？
answers: en: text: This bag was originally made for champagne vintners to transport bottles

question: zh_tw: 喬治是哪家公司的創辦人？\n
answers: en: text: LV

context: en: Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton or shortened to LV, is a French fashion house and luxury retail company founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton. The label's LV monogram appears on most of its products, ranging from luxury trunks and leather goods to ready-to-wear, shoes, watches, jewelry, accessories, sunglasses and books. Louis Vuitton is one of the world's leading international fashion houses; it sells its products through standalone boutiques, lease departments in high-end department stores, and through the e-commerce section of its website. For six consecutive years (2006–2012), Louis Vuitton was named the world's most valuable luxury brand. Its 2012 valuation was US$25.9 billion. The 2013 valuation of the brand was US$28.4 billion with revenue of US$9.4 billion. The company operates in 50 countries with more than 460 stores worldwide.
qas: question: zh_tw: 品牌名字的縮寫是？
answers: en: text: LV
Electricity Museum

context: en: Tejo Power Station (Electricity Museum's) wealth is not limited only to the museum's visible aspects, but also includes its collection.
qas: question: zh_tw: 除了博物館的有形展覽品，Tejo 發電站在哪裡獲得財產？
answers: en: text: its collection

context: en: The entire complex that makes up the Tejo Power Station constitutes an old thermoelectric plant that supplied power to Lisbon and its surrounding area. The building is unique amidst Lisbon's architectural setting, and is one of the most beautiful examples of Portuguese industrial architecture from the first half of the 20th century.Tejo Power Station was built between 1908 and 1951, thereby undergoing several stages of expansion throughout this period. Its structure follows the western type of architecture of iron covered with brick, which shapes and decorates the facades in artistic styles that range from arte-nouveau, in its older sections (low-pressure building), to classicism in the more contemporary parts (high-pressure building). With the station's expansion, additional adjoining terrain and buildings were acquired over the years, becoming the great industrial complex it is today, with various cultural functions, always with the Tagus River, its namesake, in the backdrop.
qas: question: zh_tw: 特茹發電中心較現代的部分採用了哪種藝術風格？
answers: en: text: classicism
1988 Atlantic hurricane season

context: en: A well-organized disturbance moved off the African coast on September 6 and rapidly developed into Tropical Depression Eleven. The NHC began issuing advisories on September 8 while it was 350 mi (560 km) northeast of Cape Verde. An after-the-fact review of satellite and ship reports indicated that the depression reached tropical storm-strength on September 7. However, because of its extreme eastern track, the storm's observational track did not include this information.For three days a large trough of low pressure northwest of the system steered it north-northwest towards cooler waters. Moderate to heavy rain was reported along the west coast of Africa, but no damage was reported. The system eventually weakened and merged with the low pressure trough. This unnamed storm was later added to the list of tropical storms in the annual summary for the Atlantic hurricane season.
qas: question: zh_tw: 據報道，在中到大雨期間，非洲西海岸遭受了多大的破壞？
answers: en: text: no damage

context: en: Forecasts of hurricane activity are issued before each hurricane season by noted hurricane experts such as Dr. William M. Gray and his associates at Colorado State University. A normal season as defined by NOAA has six to fourteen named storms of which four to eight reach hurricane strength and one to three become major hurricanes. The June 1988 forecast was that eleven storms would form and that seven would reach hurricane status. The forecast did not specify how many hurricanes would reach major hurricane status.
qas: question: zh_tw: 有幾個風暴達到颶風強度？
answers: en: text: seven

context: en: On September 2 a cluster of thunderstorms associated with a northwestward-moving tropical wave developed a surface low near Bermuda. Though the surface low remained poorly defined and separate from the convection, the system became a tropical depression on September 3. Under the influence of southwesterlies, the depression accelerated northeastward at 50 mph (80 km/h). Late on September 3 it was upgraded to Tropical Storm Ernesto. The storm continued to strengthen as it lost tropical characteristics. A large extratropical storm over the North Atlantic absorbed Ernesto on September 5. The only land area affected by the storm was in the Azores, where it brought near storm-force winds to Flores Island.
qas: question: zh_tw: 九月 2 日的雷暴叢集在哪裡發展？
answers: en: text: low near Bermuda

context: en: The following names were used for named storms that formed in the north Atlantic in 1988. The names not retired from this list were used again in the 1994 season. This is the same list used for the 1982 season. Storms were named Gilbert and Joan for the only time, and Isaac and Keith for the first time in 1988. Florence and Helene were not used in 1982 but had been used in previous lists. Names that were not assigned are marked in gray.
qas: question: zh_tw: 沒有用於颶風命名的名稱以什麼顏色顯示？
answers: en: text: gray
Carlo Airoldi

context: en: After his 28-day journey Airoldi was unfortunately not able to compete in the marathon. He went to the royal palace to sign up for the games where he was questioned by the head of the Olympic Committee. He decided that the money received for winning the Milano-Barcellona competition meant that Airoldi was considered a professional athlete and thus not eligible to compete. Telegrams were sent from Italy but nothing worked: Airoldi was not allowed to participate. There was a strong feeling in Italy that the organizers were not allowing a strong competitor to take part in a race that the Greeks wanted to win. Airoldi never accepted the decision and issued a challenge to Spiridon Louis - the winner of the marathon - that was never taken up.
qas: question: zh_tw: 艾羅迪的旅程長達多少天？
answers: en: text: 28

question: zh_tw: 是什麼讓一位運動員被認為是職業選手？
answers: en: text: money received for winning the Milano-Barcellona competition

context: en: Airoldi was born in Origgio near Saronno, to a farming family. He began to participate in sporting contests in the territory of Varese (the first documented occasion was at Gorla) and later at national and international contests where he outdid his major rival of the time, Louis Ortègue of Marseilles. In 1892 he won in the Lecco-Milano; followed by a victory in the Milano-Torino.  He became famous very quickly and was one of the foremost marathon runners of his time. His biggest success was the victory in the Milano-Barcellona (September 1895), a competition in 12 legs over a total of 1050 km. This victory brought him 2000 pesetas.
qas: question: zh_tw: 艾羅迪出生在哪裡？
answers: en: text: Origgio

context: en: Carlo Airoldi (21 September 1869 in Origgio – 18 June 1929 in Milan) was an Italian marathon runner, famous for walking to the 1896 Olympics.
qas: question: zh_tw: 卡洛・艾羅迪在 1896 年因徒步到哪裡而聞名？
answers: en: text: the 1896 Olympics.

context: en: On his return home, Airoldi attempted many times to beat the record of Spiridon Louis without ever succeeding. He continued to race mainly in Lombardy and Switzerland, where he was married and worked (he worked in Berne and Zurich). Finally he moved to South America to seek his fortune.
qas: question: zh_tw: 艾羅迪在哪裡尋求財富？
answers: en: text: South America
Hundred Days Offensive

context: en: Foch planned a series of concentric attacks on the German lines in France (sometimes referred to as the Grand Offensive), with the various axes of advance designed to cut German lateral communications, intending that the success of an attack would enable the entire front line to be advanced. The main German defences were anchored on the Hindenburg Line, a series of defensive fortifications stretching from Cerny on the Aisne river to Arras. Before Foch's main offensive was launched, the remaining German salients west and east of the line were crushed at Havrincourt and St Mihiel on 12 September and at the Battle of Épehy and the Battle of the Canal du Nord on 27 September.The first attack of the Grand Offensive was launched on 26 September by the French and the AEF in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive (this offensive includes the Battle of Somme-Py, the Battle of Saint-Thierry, the Battle of Montfaucon, and the Battle of Chesne of 1 November). The offensive involved attacking over difficult terrain, resulting in the Hindenburg Line not being broken until 17 October. Two days later, the Army Group under Albert I of Belgium (the Belgian Army, the British Second Army and the French Sixth Army), attacked near Ypres in Flanders (the Fifth Battle of Ypres).  Both attacks made good progress initially but were then slowed by supply difficulties.
qas: question: zh_tw: 阿爾貝一世指揮哪些陸軍集團？
answers: en: text: the Belgian Army, the British Second Army and the French Sixth Army

context: en: On 8 October, the First and Third British Armies broke through the Hindenburg Line at the Second Battle of Cambrai. This collapse forced the German High Command to accept that the war had to be ended. The evidence of failing German morale also convinced many Allied commanders and political leaders that the war could be ended in 1918; previously, all efforts had been concentrated on building up forces to mount a decisive attack in 1919.
qas: question: zh_tw: 戰爭結束後，防線的潰敗迫使誰接受戰爭已然失敗的事實？
answers: en: text: German High Command

context: en: The Hundred Days Offensive (8 August to 11 November 1918) was an Allied offensive which ended the First World War. Beginning with the Battle of Amiens (8–12 August) on the Western Front, the Allies pushed Central Powers back after their gains from the Spring Offensive. The Germans eventually retreated to the Hindenburg Line, culminating in the Armistice of 11 November 1918. The term "Hundred Days Offensive" does not refer to a battle or strategy, but rather the rapid series of Allied victories against which the German armies had no reply.
qas: question: zh_tw: 第一次世界大戰的最後一次進攻持續了多久？
answers: en: text: Hundred Days
Brabham

context: en: Although Brabham experimented with airdams and underbody skirts in the mid-1970s, the team, like the rest of the field, did not immediately understand Lotus's development of a ground effect car in 1977. The Brabham BT46B "Fan car" of 1978, generated enormous downforce with a fan, which sucked air from beneath the car, although its claimed use was for engine cooling. The car only raced once in the Formula One World Championship—Niki Lauda winning the 1978 Swedish Grand Prix—before a loophole in the regulations was closed by the FIA.Although in 1979 Murray was the first to use lightweight "carbon fibre composite" panels to stiffen Brabham's aluminium alloy monocoques, he echoed his predecessor Tauranac in being the last to switch to the new fully composite monocoques. Murray was reluctant to build the entire chassis from composite materials until he understood their behaviour in a crash, an understanding achieved in part through an instrumented crash test of a BT49 chassis. The team did not follow McLaren's 1981 MP4/1 with their own fully composite chassis until the "lowline" BT55 in 1986, the last team to do so. This technology is now used in all top level single seater racing cars.
qas: question: zh_tw: 布拉漢姆 BT46B 的別稱叫什麼？
answers: en: text: Fan car

context: en: British businessman Bernie Ecclestone owned Brabham during most of the 1970s and 1980s, and later became responsible for administering the commercial aspects of Formula One. Ecclestone sold the team in 1988. Its last owner was the Middlebridge Group, a Japanese engineering firm. Midway through the 1992 season, the team collapsed financially as Middlebridge was unable to make repayments against loans provided by Landhurst Leasing. The case was investigated by the United Kingdom Serious Fraud Office. In 2009, an unsuccessful attempt was made by a German organisation to enter the 2010 Formula One season using the Brabham name.
qas: question: zh_tw: 1992 年賽季，哪一公司無法償還貸款？
answers: en: text: Middlebridge
Progressive Party of Working People

context: en: AKEL is one of the two major parties in Cyprus, and it supports an independent, demilitarized, and non-aligned Cyprus, and a federal solution of the internal aspect of the Cyprus problem. It places particular emphasis on rapprochement with the Turkish Cypriots. It supported entry into the European Union with certain reservations. AKEL also supported the Annan Plan in 2004, but in the end, they decided on a negative response, since they did not have time to formulate a response to the plan.As a strong supporter of welfare benefits and nationalization, AKEL successfully put into practice several social measures to support the economic welfare of Cypriots during the late-2000s financial crisis, such as increasing low pensions by 30% and strengthening the welfare benefits given to university students to €12 million per year. Overall, €1.2 billion were spent on welfare benefits during the first three years that AKEL was in power, with various improvements made in social welfare provision. The party is now in opposition following the 2013 election. The party's candidate was defeated in the 2018 presidential election against the incumbent president.
qas: question: zh_tw: 勞動人民進步黨的理念是什麼？
answers: en: text: independent, demilitarized, and non-aligned Cyprus, and a federal solution of the internal aspect

context: en: It was founded in 1926 with the name Communist Party of Cyprus (CPC). The communist party set as its aim not only the struggle against exploitation, but also the independence of Cyprus from British rule. The party became illegal in 1931 when the British colonial government imposed restrictions on civil rights following a nationalist riot. In 1941, leading members of the underground communist party and others founded AKEL. In the first municipal elections in 1943 (before that mayors were appointed) AKEL candidates became mayors of Limassol (Ploutis Servas) and Famagusta (Adam Adamantos).
qas: question: zh_tw: CPC 代表什麼意思？
answers: en: text: Communist Party of Cyprus

context: en: The Progressive Party of Working People (Greek: Ανορθωτικό Κόμμα Εργαζόμενου Λαού (ΑΚΕΛ), Anorthotikó Kómma Ergazómenou Laoú (AKEL); Turkish: Emekçi Halkın İlerici Partisi) is a Marxist–Leninist, communist political party in Cyprus.
qas: question: zh_tw: 我們在哪個國家有勞動人民進步黨？
answers: en: text: Cyprus
Pieter Franciscus Dierckx

context: en: He also worked in the historic-Romantice genre, taking inspiration from the leading Romantic painter Henri Leys. Franz Courtens held Pieter Dierckx in high esteem.  He recommended Dierckx for an important commission in the town of Lokeren: two paintings for the town hall showing historic events. The first one depicts the emperor Charles V handing over the privilege of holding a market every week to the deputies of the city in 1555. The other panel shows the foundation of the Saint Sebastian guild by Albrecht and Isabella in 1613, while issuing the privilege for holding a yearly market. These are big paintings, confirming the greatness of the  school of Leys. In addition they show that Pieter Dierckx has the ability to expertly picture an historic event.
qas: question: zh_tw: 誰是他的浪漫靈感？
answers: en: text: Henri Leys

context: en: In 1912 he took part in the design of the historic procession in Rupelmonde in honour of the 400th birthday of Mercator.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他們慶祝了哪個生日？
answers: en: text: 400th

context: en: Pieter Franciscus Dierckx (29 May 1862 – 4 September 1950) was a Belgian impressionist painter.
qas: question: zh_tw: 皮特・弗朗西休斯・迪爾克斯做什麼工作？
answers: en: text: a Belgian impressionist painter
Klamath County, Oregon

context: en: As of the census of 2000, there were 63,775 people, 25,205 households, and 17,290 families residing in the county.  The population density was 11 people per square mile (4/km²). There were 28,883 housing units at an average density of 5 per square mile (2/km²). The racial makeup of the county was 87.33% White, 0.63% Black or African American, 4.19% Native American, 0.80% Asian, 0.12% Pacific Islander, 3.45% from other races, and 3.47% from two or more races. 7.78% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. 16.7% were of German, 10.8% Irish, 10.7% English and 9.8% United States or American ancestry. 92.6% spoke English and 6.1% Spanish as their first language.
qas: question: zh_tw: 一平方英里內應有多少個人？
answers: en: text: 11

context: en: Klamath County ( KLAM-əth) is a county in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2010 census, the population was 66,380. The county seat is Klamath Falls. The county was named for the Klamath, the tribe of Native Americans living in the area at the time the first European explorers entered the region.
qas: question: zh_tw: 縣治位於哪裡？
answers: en: text: Klamath Falls
Artec 3D

context: en: Artec StudioArtec Studio is a software program for 3D scanning and post-processing. Data is captured and split into several “scans,” which are then processed and fused into a 3D model. Artec Studio includes a fully automatic post-processing mode called “Autopilot,” which prompts users through questions related to the characteristics of the object being scanned and provides the option to be guided through the post-processing pipeline. The Autopilot mode will automatically align scans in a global coordinate system, determine which algorithms to use for post-processing, clean captured data and remove base surfaces. Upon completion, scan data can be directly exported to 3D Systems Geomagic Design X and SOLIDWORKS for further CAD processing.
qas: question: zh_tw: Artec StudioArtec Studio 軟體有什麼用？
answers: en: text: Data is captured and split into several “scans,” which are then processed and fused into a 3D mode

context: en: Cow, deer, fox, bobcat and human skulls to create an interactive skull museum at St. Cloud University’s Visualization Lab in Minnesota, allowing students and faculty to examine objects otherwise too fragile to hold;
qas: question: zh_tw: 哪教育機構正在開發一種方法，以讓研究人員觀察極易破碎的頭骨？
answers: en: text: St. Cloud University’s Visualization Lab

context: en: Ray is a portable 3D laser scanner designed for capturing large objects and areas in detail, from up to 110 meters away. Released in 2018, Ray produces scans with submillimeter accuracy (up to 0.7 mm) and minimum of noise, requiring significantly reduced post-processing times. Artec Ray is suitable for reverse engineering and inspection applications, as well as historical preservation, both indoors and outdoors. This compact (under 5 kg) LIDAR solution is mobile, with the internal battery giving users up to 4 hours of onsite scanning. Color is provided via two fully integrated 5 megapixel cameras. Scans are made directly in Artec Studio software, which offers a full range of post-processing tools. Scans can also be exported to Geomagic Design X for additional processing options. It’s also possible to control Ray from a distance via an iPhone or iPad with the Artec Remote app (Wifi). Remote allows the user to make previews, select one or multiple scan areas, scan, and save the data directly to an SD card, as well as change scan settings and check battery and scanner status.
qas: question: zh_tw: 資料可以直接儲存到什麼地方？
answers: en: text: an SD card

context: en: SpiderSpider is a 3D handheld, color scanner, released in 2013, designed to capture smaller, complex objects with high resolution and accuracy. The device has a 3D resolution of as high as 0.1 mm and a point accuracy up to 0.05mm. Spider does not require markers or manual alignment during post-processing. It requires a 30-minute warm up period to achieve maximum accuracy. Resulting scans can be exported into a number of file formats, including OBJ and STL.
qas: question: zh_tw: 掃描成品可以什麼格式匯出？
answers: en: text: OBJ and STL
Richard Nixon's 1972 visit to China

context: en: The Chinese agreed to a peaceful settlement of the Taiwan question. The statement enabled the U.S. and PRC to temporarily set aside the "crucial question obstructing the normalization of relations" concerning the political status of Taiwan and to open trade and other contacts. However, the U.S. continued to maintain official relations with the government of the Republic of China in Taiwan, and did not break off until 1979, when the U.S. established full diplomatic relations with the PRC.
qas: question: zh_tw: 美國何時與中國建立外交關係？
answers: en: text: 1979

question: zh_tw: 該宣告對哪個國家的政治地位有益？
answers: en: text: Taiwan
Korolyov, Moscow Oblast

context: en: In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, the father of the Soviet/Russian space program, who died in 1966. Since 1997, Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research.
qas: question: zh_tw: 1996 年城市被以誰的名字重新命名？
answers: en: text: Sergei Korolev

context: en: Korolyov or Korolev (Russian: Королёв, IPA: [kərɐˈlʲɵf]) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, well known as the cradle of Soviet and Russian space exploration. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 183,402. The largest in the population of science city. The population is more than 220 000 people (2018).
qas: question: zh_tw: 科羅廖夫在哪？
answers: en: text: Moscow Oblast, Russia
Cloudflare

context: en: Cloudflare offers free authoritative Domain Name System (DNS) service for all clients which are powered by an anycast network. According to W3Cook, Cloudflare's DNS service currently powers over 35% of managed DNS domains. SolveDNS have found Cloudflare to consistently have one of the fastest DNS lookup speeds worldwide, with a reported lookup speed of 8.66ms in April 2016.
qas: question: zh_tw: Cloudfare 有何特別之處？
answers: en: text: consistently have one of the fastest DNS lookup speeds worldwide

context: en: Cloudflare was created in 2009 by Matthew Prince, Lee Holloway, and Michelle Zatlyn, who had previously worked on Project Honey Pot. Cloudflare was launched at the September 2010 TechCrunch Disrupt conference. It received media attention in June 2011, after providing security to LulzSec's website.In June 2012, Cloudflare partnered with various web hosts, including HostPapa, to implement its "Railgun" technology.In February 2014, Cloudflare mitigated the largest-ever recorded DDoS attack at that time, which peaked at 400 Gbit/s against an undisclosed customer. In November 2014, Cloudflare reported another massive DDoS attack with independent media sites being targeted at 500 Gbit/s.
qas: question: zh_tw: 曾為蜜罐專案工作的工程師們開發了什麼安全軟體？
answers: en: text: Cloudflare

context: en: Cloudflare's network has the highest number of connections to Internet exchange points of any network worldwide. Cloudflare caches content to its edge locations to act as a content delivery network (CDN), all requests are then reverse proxied through Cloudflare with cached content served directly from Cloudflare.
qas: question: zh_tw: CDN 又稱之為？
answers: en: text: content delivery network

context: en: In February 2014, it acquired StopTheHacker, which offers malware detection, automatic malware removal, and reputation and blacklist monitoring. In December 2016, Cloudflare acquired Eager, with the view of upgrading Cloudflare's Apps platform to allow for drag-and-drop of installation of third-party apps onto Cloudflare-enabled sites. In late 2017, Cloudflare acquired Neumob, a mobile VPN startup.
qas: question: zh_tw: 阻止駭客提供哪些服務？
answers: en: text: malware detection, automatic malware removal, and reputation and blacklist monitoring
Harriet Arbuthnot

context: en: Born into the periphery of the British aristocracy and married to a politician and member of the establishment, she was perfectly placed to meet all the key figures of the Regency and late Napoleonic eras. Recording meetings and conversations often verbatim, she has today become the "Mrs. Arbuthnot" quoted in many biographies and histories of the era. Her observations and memories of life within the British establishment are not confined to individuals but document politics, great events and daily life with an equal attention to detail, providing historians with a clear picture of the events described. Her diaries were themselves finally published in 1950 as The Journal of Mrs Arbuthnot.
qas: question: zh_tw: 她的日記在哪一年發表？
answers: en: text: 1950

context: en: Harriet Arbuthnot (10 September 1793 – 2 August 1834) was an early 19th-century English diarist, social observer and political hostess on behalf of the Tory party.  During the 1820s she was the "closest woman friend" of the hero of Waterloo and British Prime Minister, the 1st Duke of Wellington. She maintained a long correspondence and association with the Duke, all of which she recorded in her diaries, which are consequently extensively used in all authoritative biographies of the Duke of Wellington.
qas: question: zh_tw: 哈麗特・阿巴斯諾特在什麼時候去世？
answers: en: text: 2 August 1834
Leandro Guaita

context: en: In the summer of 2011, Guaita signed a contract with Ecuadorian Serie A side Independiente José Terán. He made 18 league appearances in the Second stage of the season, scoring one goal, helping the club avoid relegation. Guaita moved to 3. Fußball-Liga club SV Wehen Wiesbaden in January 2012. He made his debut on 24 January in a 1–1 draw against SV Werder Bremen II, coming on as a substitute for Jonne Hjelm in the 69th minute. Guaita played only one match for the first team and one game for the second team in the Hessenliga. On 20 March, Guaita had his contract terminated by mutual consent.On 12 July 2012, Guaita signed a half-year deal with China League One side Shenzhen Ruby by manager Philippe Troussier. He made his League One debut on 21 July in a 1–0 home win against Tianjin Songjiang, coming on as a substitute for Takashi Rakuyama by the end of the match. Mainly used as a substitute by Shenzhen Ruby, Guaita made 11 appearances in 2012 season and scored a goal. He was released by Shenzhen at the end of the season.
qas: question: zh_tw: 他何時首秀？
answers: en: text: 24 January

question: zh_tw: 古艾達的合同何時終止？
answers: en: text: 20 March
Belize

context: en: Belize ( (listen)) is an independent and sovereign country located on the north eastern coast of Central America. Belize is bordered on the northwest by Mexico, on the east by the Caribbean Sea, and on the south and west by Guatemala. It has an area of 22,970 square kilometres (8,867 sq mi) and a population of 387,879 (2017). Its mainland is about 180 mi (290 km) long and 68 mi (110 km) wide. It has the lowest population and population density in Central America. The country's population growth rate of 1.87% per year (2015) is the second highest in the region and one of the highest in the Western Hemisphere.The Maya Civilization spread into the area of Belize between 1500 B.C. and 300 A.D. and flourished until about 1200. European exploration campaigns began in 1502 when Christopher Columbus sailed along the Gulf of Honduras. European settlement was begun by English settlers in 1638. This period was also marked by Spain and Britain both laying claim to the land until Britain defeated the Spanish in the Battle of St. George's Caye (1798). It became a British colony in 1840, known as British Honduras, and a Crown colony in 1862. Independence was achieved from the United Kingdom on 21 September 1981.
qas: question: zh_tw: 每年的人口增長率多少？
answers: en: text: 1.87% per year

question: zh_tw: 貝里斯位於中美洲的哪個海岸？
answers: en: text: north eastern

question: zh_tw: 貝里斯寬約多少公里？
answers: en: text: 68 mi
HBOS

context: en: Although officially HBOS was not an acronym of any specific words, it is widely presumed to stand for Halifax Bank of Scotland. The corporate headquarters of the group were located on The Mound in Edinburgh, Scotland, the former head office of the Bank of Scotland. Operational headquarters were in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England, the former head office of Halifax.The group was acquired and folded into Lloyds Banking Group through a takeover by Lloyds TSB on Monday 19 January 2009 after both sets of shareholders approved the deal.
qas: question: zh_tw: HBOS 的公司總部在哪裡？
answers: en: text: Edinburgh, Scotland

context: en: HBOS plc was a banking and insurance company in the United Kingdom, a wholly owned subsidiary of the Lloyds Banking Group, having been taken over in January 2009. It was the holding company for Bank of Scotland plc, which operated the Bank of Scotland and Halifax brands in the UK, as well as HBOS Australia and HBOS Insurance & Investment Group Limited, the group's insurance division.
qas: question: zh_tw: HBOS 因為什麼而著名
answers: en: text: banking and insurance company