Myristica - definition of Myristica by The Free Dictionary Myristica - definition of Myristica by The Free Dictionary Related to Myristica: Myristica fragrans ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: Noun 1. Myristica - type genus of Myristicaceae; tropical Asian evergreen trees with small white or yellow flowers followed by fleshy fruits family Myristicaceae , Myristicaceae , nutmeg family - family of aromatic tropical trees with arillate seeds Myristica fragrans , nutmeg , nutmeg tree - East Indian tree widely cultivated in the tropics for its aromatic seed; source of two spices: nutmeg and mace Want to thank TFD for its existence? Tell a friend about us , add a link to this page, or visit the webmaster's page for free fun content . Link to this page: AMPK and aging MAL-A is a plant derived diarylnonanoid, purified from fruit rind of the plant Myristica malabarica whose anti-cancer activity has been demonstrated in leukemic cell lines, the modality of cell death being apoptosis.

The variable chemotherapeutic response of Malabaricone-A in leukemic and solid tumor cell lines depends on the degree of redox imbalance As she narrates, she has treated most of her clients using a suppository which she prepares at home from the following components: Nigella sativa, Cuminum cyminum, Sesamum indicum, Cicer arietinum, Ervum lens, honey, Myristica fragrans with Nerium oleander, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Cherry prunus, and a piece of unwashed wool (Figures 1, 2, and 3).

The treatment of infertility using ethnomedical practices in northern Jordan: a medical anthropological study Remedies: Abrotanum, Acalypha, Apis, Aranea, Arsenicum lodatum, Atrax, Balsamum, Brucea, Bromium, Calcarea lodata, Calcarea Phosphorica, Cereus Bonplandii, Cimicifuga, Cistus, Coccus Cacti, Coffea, Drosera, Elaterium Euonymus, Ferrum lodatum, Ferrum Phosphoricum, Fluoric Acid, Ginseng, lodum Kali Phosphoricum, Lactrodectus, Magnesia Phosphorica, Mygale, Myristica, Myrtus Communis, Natrum Phosphoricum, Oleander, Phelandrium, Phosphorus, Pix, Rumex, Salix Niger, Sambucus, Senega, Succinic Acid, Tarantula, Theridion, Ustilago, Verbascum, Vespa. Monterey Bay Spice Co.

- Mace Mace Bulk Discounts: 5 or more = 10% OFF|25 or more = 15% OFF Myristica fragrans plant overview warm and spicy mace Mace is a spice made from the dried and ground leathery outer covering of the fruit of an Indonesian tree. Technically called the arillus, this outer covering protects the common nutmeg, from which another popular spice is obtained. Mace is bright red when fresh, but dries to a dull orange color and becomes quite brittle. The spice is widely used in Asian and Middle Eastern cuisines. It is also used as a baking spice to add warm flavor to breads, cakes and cookies. See also nutmeg . Clicking "learn more" next to each variety will take you to individual product pages for details. 01. Nutmeg: A Bit of Botany a little botanical information on nutmeg (mace) description Mace is the dried "lacy" reddish webbing or aril of the nutmeg seed from the nutmeg tree, Myristica fragrans, a member of the Myristicaceae family.

Nutmeg and mace have similar flavors, with nutmeg being slightly sweeter and mace being a more delicate flavor. Mace is often used in recipes for the bright orange, saffron -like hue it gives. The tree from which they are produced is a small evergreen, not more than 40 feet in height, with smooth, grayish-brown bark, which is green on the younger branches. The alternate leaves are oblong-ovate, acute, entire, smooth, and dark-green. Nutmeg tree flowers are very small and unisexual. Nutmeg tree fruit is smooth and yellow, each resemble a pear grooved by a longitudinal furrow. The fruit contains a single erect seed about 1 1/4 inch long, the nucleus of which is the wrinkled nutmeg, and the crimson, fleshy, webbed covering being the mace. common names & nomenclature for mace Mace comes from the Latin maccis and French macis, both of which refer to the mace spice covering the nutmeg.

mace is also known as: rou dou kou, macis, muscadier common names & nomenclature for nutmeg The name nutmeg is from the Old French for "hard aromatic seed of the East Indies”. nutmeg is also known as: nux moschata, myristica officinalis, myristica aromata, myristica 02. Nutmeg: Where in the World habitat and range for nutmeg (mace) Myristica fragrans is an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia. 03. considerations on growing and harvesting nutmeg (mace) climate NutMeg Extraction - YouTube NutMeg Extraction Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later.

Published on Aug 7, 2014 Nutmeg (also known as Pipo in Indonesia) is one of the two spices – the other being mace – derived from several species of tree in the genus Myristica.[1] The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia. Nutmeg is the seed of the tree, roughly egg-shaped and about 20 to 30 mm (0.8 to 1.2 in) long and 15 to 18 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in) wide, and weighing between 5 and 10 g (0.2 and 0.4 oz) dried, while mace is the dried "lacy" reddish covering or aril of the seed. The first harvest of nutmeg trees takes place 7–9 years after planting, and the trees reach full production after twenty years. Nutmeg is usually used in powdered form. This is the only tropical fruit that is the source of two different spices.

Several other commercial products are also produced from the trees, including essential oils, extracted oleoresins, and nutmeg butter (see below). The common or fragrant nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, is native to the Banda Islands of Indonesia. It is also grown on Penang Island in Malaysia, the Caribbean, especially in Grenada, and in Kerala, a state in southern India. Other species used to adulterate the spice include Papuan nutmeg M. argentea from New Guinea, and M. malabarica from India. Nutmeg trees are dioecious plants which are propagated sexually and asexually, the latter being the standard. Sexual propagation by seedling yields 50% male seedlings, which are unproductive. As there is no reliable method of determining plant sex before flowering in the sixth to eighth year, and sexual propagation bears inconsistent yields, grafting is the preferred method of propagation. Epicotyl grafting, approach grafting and patch budding have proved successful, epicotyl grafting being the most widely adopted standard. Air-layering, or marcotting, is an alternative, though not preferred, method, because of its low (35-40%) success rate.

Nutmeg and mace have similar sensory qualities, with nutmeg having a slightly sweeter and mace a more delicate flavour. Mace is often preferred in light dishes for the bright orange, saffron-like hue it imparts. Nutmeg is used for flavouring many dishes, usually in ground or grated form, and is best grated fresh in a nutmeg grater. In Indian cuisine, nutmeg is used in many sweet as well as savoury dishes (predominantly in Mughlai cuisine). It is also added in small quantities as a medicine for infants. It may also be used in small quantities in garam masala. Ground nutmeg is also smoked in India. The essential oil obtained by steam distillation of ground nutmeg is used widely in the perfumery and pharmaceutical industries.

This volatile fraction typically contains 60-80% d-camphene by weight, as well as quantities of d-pinene, limonene, d-borneol, l-terpineol, geraniol, safrol, and myristicin.[4] In its pure form, myristicin is a toxin and consumption of excessive amounts of nutmeg to induce heightened awareness can result in myristicin poisoning.[5] The oil is colourless or light yellow, and smells and tastes of nutmeg. It contains numerous components of interest to the oleochemical industry, and is used as a natural food flavouring in baked goods, syrups, beverages, and sweets. It is used to replace ground nutmeg, as it leaves no particles in the food. The essential oil is also used in the cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, for instance, in toothpaste, and as a major ingredient in some cough syrups. In traditional medicine, nutmeg and nutmeg oil were used for disorders related to the nervous and digestive systems. After extraction of the essential oil, the remaining seed, containing much less flavour, is called "spent".

Spent is often mixed in industrial mills with pure nutmeg to facilitate the milling process, as nutmeg is not easy to mill due to the high percentage of oil in the pure seed. Ground nutmeg with a variable percentage of spent (around 10% w/w) is also less likely to clot. To obtain a better running powder also a small percentage of rice flour can be added. Nutmeg butter is obtained from the nut by expression. It is semi-solid, reddish brown in colour, and tastes and smells of nutmeg. Approximately 75% (by weight) of nutmeg butter is trimyristin[citation needed], which can be turned into myristic acid, a 14-carbon fatty acid, which can be used as a replacement for cocoa butter, can be mixed with other fats like cottonseed oil or palm oil, and has applications as an industrial lubricant. Category Nutmeg Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database There are no relevant clinical trials reported in the literature for nutmeg or mace.

Aphrodisiac effects Animal data Increased sexual activity (libido and potency) has been demonstrated in male rats with ethanolic extracts of nutmeg, providing some support for the use of nutmeg as an aphrodisiac. Eugenol may be responsible for some of the aphrodisiac effect because of its vasodilatory and smooth muscle relaxant properties. 16 , 17 Clinical data Despite anecdotal reports of aphrodisiac effects, clinical studies are lacking. Cancer The National Cancer Institute has screened the Myristicaceae plant family for activity against selected leukemia lines. Of the tested extracts, 18.8% exhibited antileukemia activity, and in vitro studies with methanol extract and myristicin have shown increased apoptosis and decreased leukemia and neuroblastoma cell proliferation. 18 , 19 , 20 Several older experiments reveal some action on enzymes involved with activation and detoxification of carcinogens. Animal data More recently, experiments have evaluated the radio- and cisplatin-induced hepatoprotective effects in mice. 21 , 22 , 23 Clinical data Clinical trials are lacking; however, in vitro studies have included isolated human splenocytes and other cell lines.

19 , 22 CNS effects Animal data The effects of nutmeg on the CNS are variable and reflect anticholinergic and CNS excitatory and depressant effects. Dopaminergic and serotonin pathways may be involved. 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 Anticonvulsant activity in mice has been demonstrated. 29 , 30 , 31 The chemical constituents responsible for the CNS effects appear to be myristicin, which is a hallucinogenic and weak monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor, elemicin, safrole, and trimyristin (anxiogenic effects), with some components being structurally similar to serotonin agonists. 26 , 32 , 33 , 34 Clinical data Nutmeg has long been known for its psychoactive properties of producing anxiety/fear and hallucinations; however, clinical studies are lacking. 24 , 35 , 36 Long-term nutmeg abuse has been reported. 35 Laboratory tests have detected nutmeg metabolites, which are reported to be unlike amphetamine derivatives. 37 Diabetes Nutmeg has shown insulin-like activity in vitro.

38 Inhibitory effects on protein tyrosine phosphate 1B, involved in insulin cellular signaling, have been demonstrated. 39 Animal data Serum glucose and lipid profiles improved in mice when mace lignan was administered. 40 In rabbits given an ethanolic extract of nutmeg, total and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and triglyceride were reduced; however, high-density lipoprotein levels were not changed. 41 Clinical data Other effects Antimicrobial effects The oils of mace and nutmeg and their individual components (trimyristin, myristic acid, myristin, mace lignan) have been assessed for in vitro activity, which has been shown against some oral microorganisms 42 , 43 ; however, activity against other human pathogens has been demonstrated in vitro. 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 A modulatory effect on the protein/toxins produced by some bacteria, but not on the microorganisms themselves, has also been described.

42 , 44 , 45 , 46 Reports of activity against fungi are conflicting. 55 , 56 , 57 Antioxidant effects Experiments have evaluated the antioxidant potential of the oils of nutmeg and mace and their chemical components. Eugenol and mace lignans, as well as the phenolic content, have been identified as components of nutmeg with antioxidant activity, and inhibition of nitric oxide production, NO-scavenging, and decreased LDL-oxidation were demonstrated in experiments. 6 , 10 , 15 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 Other effects Screening and in vitro experiments in nutmeg components demonstrated ultraviolet-protectant effects and inhibition of melanin biosynthesis. 65 , 66 Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of nutmeg have been recorded in mice, as well as antithrombotic activity. 67 , 68 Other studies document hepatoprotective properties, 69 effects on osteoblast differentiation, 70 and reduced acidity and volume of gastric secretion.

71 , 72 Dosage There are no clinical trials to support therapeutic dosing. Consumption of nutmeg 1 to 2 mg/kg of body weight induced CNS effects. Toxic overdose occurred at 5 g. 8 , 32 , 36 Pregnancy/Lactation Generally recognized as safe when used in food as a flavoring agent. Nutmeg traditionally has been used as an abortifacient. Although this use has been largely discounted, it remains a persistent cause of nutmeg intoxication in women. 2 , 3 , 4 Interactions Because of anxiogenic properties, a theoretical interaction may occur with nutmeg/mace and anxiolytics. 2 , 4 Interactions with nutmeg and diazepam, ondansetron, or buspirone occurred in rats. 30 One death has been associated with concurrent ingestion of large amounts of nutmeg and flunitrazepam. 33 Weak MAO inhibitory properties have been noted for the compound myristicin. 25 Adverse Reactions Allergy, contact dermatitis, and asthma have been reported. The chemical constituents limonene and eugenol are contact allergens.

Immunoglobulin E reactivity has been demonstrated in nutmeg and mace. 73 , 74 Toxicology Acute psychosis and anticholinergic-like episodes caused by nutmeg ingestion have been reported with a wide variety of symptoms. Effects occurred within 0.5 to 8 hours following ingestion and are characterized by cutaneous flushing, tachycardia, decreased salivation, GI symptoms (eg, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain), fever, and CNS excitation with anxiety/fear; miosis or mydriasis are not considered to be reliable signs, as either may be present. There have been rare reports of shock, coma, and death. Treatment is supportive, with the use of antipsychotic therapy when necessary. 24 , 25 , 32 , 35 , 36 The cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of myristicin have been explored. Cell viability was reduced by exposure to myristicin in a dose- and time-dependent manner. 20 Myristic acid found in nutmeg, as in many other plant and animal fats, is a key component of human cellular biochemistry.

It is recognized by the US Food and Drug Administration as safe when used as a flavoring agent or food-additive and is of low acute toxicity in rodent studies. 75 Safrole, a minor component of the oil, promoted hepatocarcinomas in mice. 76 , 77 , 78 Bibliography 1. Myristica fragrans Houtt. USDA, NRCS. 2010. The PLANTS Database ( ). The National Plant Data Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70874-4490 USA. 2. De Milto L, Frey RJ. Nutmeg. In: Longe JL, project ed. Gale Encyclopedia of Alternative Medicine . Vol 3. 2nd ed. Detroit, MI: Thomson Gale; 2005:1461-1463. 3. Van Gils C, Cox PA. Ethnobotany of nutmeg in the Spice Islands. J Ethnopharmacol . 1994;42(2):117-124. 4. Ernst E. Herbal medicinal products during pregnancy: are they safe? BJOG .

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Enantioselective synthesis and absolute configuration assignment of erythro-(3,4,5 trimethoxy-7hydroxy-1'allyl-2',6'-dimethoxy)-8.0.4'-neolignan from mace ( Myristica fragrans ). J Nat Prod . 1988;51:1261. 14. Kasahara H, Miyazawa M, Kameoka H. Absolute configuration of 8-o-4'-neolignans from Myristica fragrans . Phytochemistry . 1995;40:515-517. 15. Kwon HS, Kim MJ, Jeong HJ, et al. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-antioxidant lignans from Myristica fragrans seeds . Bioorg Med Chem Lett . 2008;18(1):194-198. 16. Tajuddin S, Ahmad S, Latif A, Qasmi IA. Aphrodisiac activity of 50% ethanolic extracts of Myristica fragrans Houtt.

(nutmeg) and Syzygium aromaticum (L) Merr. & Perry. (clove) in male mice: a comparative study. BMC Complement Altern Med . 2003;3:6. 17. Tajuddin, Ahmad S, Latif A, Qasmi IA, Amin KM. An experimental study of sexual function improving effect of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (nutmeg). BMC Complement Altern Med . 2005;5:16. 18. Cragg GM, Newman DJ, Yang SS. Natural product extracts of plant and marine origin having antileukemia potential. The NCI experience. J Nat Prod . 2006;69(3):488-498. 19. Chirathaworn C, Kongcharoensuntorn W, Dechdoungchan T, et al. Myristica fragrans Houtt. methanolic extract induces apoptosis in a human leukemia cell line through SIRT1 mRNA downregulation. J Med Assoc Thai . 2007;90(11):2422-2428. 20.

Lee BK, Kim JH, Jung JW, et al. Myristicin-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells. Toxicol Lett . 2005;157(1):49-56. 21. Sohn JH, Han KL, Kim JH, Rukayadi Y, Hwang JK. Protective Effects of macelignan on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity is associated with JNK activation. Biol Pharm Bull . 2008;31(2):273-277. 22. Checker R, Chatterjee S, Sharma D, et al. Immunomodulatory and radioprotective effects of lignans derived from fresh nutmeg mace ( Myristica fragrans ) in mammalian splenocytes. Int Immunopharmacol . 2008;8(5):661-669. 23. Sharma M, Kumar M. Radioprotection of Swiss albino mice by Myristica fragrans houtt. J Radiat Res (Tokyo) .

2007;48(2):135-141. 24. Forrester MB. Nutmeg intoxication in Texas, 1998-2004. Hum Exp Toxicol . 2005;24(11):563-566. 25. Sangalli BC, Chiang W. Toxicology of nutmeg abuse. J Toxicol Clin Toxicol . 2000;38(6):671-678. 26. El-Alfy AT, Wilson L, ElSohly MA, Abourashed EA. Towards a better understanding of the psychopharmacology of nutmeg: Activities in the mouse tetrad assay. J Ethnopharmacol . 2009;126(2):280-286. 27. Dhingra D, Parle M, Kulkarni SK. Comparative brain cholinesterase-inhibiting activity of Glycyrrhiza glabra, Myristica fragrans , ascorbic acid, and metrifonate in mice. J Med Food .

2006;9(2):281-283. 28. Dhingra D, Sharma A. Antidepressant-like activity of n-hexane extract of nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans ) seeds in mice. J Med Food . 2006;9(1):84-89. 29. Sonavane GS, Palekar RC, Kasture VS, Kasture SB. Anticonvulsant and behavioural actions of Myristica fragrans seeds. Indian J Pharm Sci . 2002;34:332-338. 30. Sonavane GS, Sarveiya V, Kasture V, Kasture SB. Behavioural actions of Myristica fragrans seeds. Indian J Pharm Sci . 2001;33:417-424. 31. Wahab A, Ul Haq R, Ahmed A, Khan RA, Raza M. Anticonvulsant activities of nutmeg oil of Myristica fragrans . Phytother Res . 2009;23(2):153-158. 32.

Demetriades AK, Wallman PD, McGuiness A, Gavalas MC. Low cost, high risk: accidental nutmeg intoxication. Emerg Med J . 2005;22(3):223-225. 33. Stein U, Greyer H, Hentschel H. Nutmeg (myristicin) poisoning — report on a fatal case and a series of cases recorded by a poison information centre. Forensic Sci Int . 2001;118(1):87-90. 34. Sonavane GS, Sarveiya VP, Kasture VS, Kasture SB. Anxiogenic activity of Myristica fragrans seeds. Pharmacol Biochem Behav . 2002;71(1-2):239-244. 35. Kelly BD, Gavin BE, Clarke M, Lane A, Larkin C. Nutmeg and psychosis. Schizophr Res . 2003;60(1):95-96. 36. Brenner N, Frank OS, Knight E. Chronic nutmeg psychosis. J R Soc Med .

1993;86(3):179-180. 37. Beyer J, Ehlers D, Maurer HH. Abuse of nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans Houtt.): studies on the metabolism and the toxicologic detection of its ingredients elemicin, myristicin, and safrole in rat and human urine using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Ther Drug Monit . 2006;28(4):568-575. 38. Broadhurst CL, Polansky MM, Anderson RA. Insulin-like biological activity of culinary and medicinal plant aqueous extracts in vitro. J Agric Food Chem . 2000;48(3):849-852. 39. Yang S, Na MK, Jang JP, et al. Inhibition of protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B by lignans from Myristica fragrans . Phytother Res . 2006;20(8):680-682. 40. Han KL, Choi JS, Lee JY, et al.

Therapeutic potential of peroxisome proliferators—activated receptor-alpha/gamma dual agonist with alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum stress for the treatment of diabetes. Diabetes . 2008;57(3):737-745. 41. Rani P, Khullar N. Antimicrobial evaluation of some medicinal plants for their anti-enteric potential against multi-drug resistant Salmonella typhi . Phytother Res . 2004;18(8):670-673. 42. Shinohara C, Mori S, Ando T, Tsuji T. Arg-gingipain inhibition and anti-bacterial activity selective for Porphyromonas gingivalis by malabaricone C . Biosci Biotechnol Biochem . 1999;63(8):1475-1477. 43. Yanti, Rukayadi Y, Kim KH, Hwang JK. In vitro anti-biofilm activity of macelignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt. against oral primary colonizer bacteria. Phytother Res .

2008;22(3):308-312. 44. Smith-Palmer A, Stewart J, Fyfe L. Influence of subinhibitory concentrations of plant essential oils on the production of enterotoxins A and B and alpha-toxin by Staphylococcus aureus . J Med Microbiol . 2004;53(pt 10):1023-1027. 45. Smith-Palmer A, Stewartt J, Fyfe L. Inhibition of listeriolysin O and phosphatidylcholine-specific production in Listeria monocytogenes by subinhibitory concentrations of plant essential oils. J Med Microbiol . 2002;51(7):567-574. 46. Singh G, Marimuthu P, DeHeluani CS, Catalan C. Antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of essential oil and acetone extract of Myristica fragrans Houtt. (aril part). J Food Sci . 2005;70:141-148. 47.

Chung JY, Choo JH, Lee MH, Hwang JK. Anticariogenic activity of macelignan isolated from Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) against Streptococcus mutans . Phytomedicine . 2006;13(4):261-266. 48. Takikawa A, Abe K, Yamamoto M, et al. Antimicrobial activity of nutmeg against Escherichia coli O157. J Biosci Bioeng . 2002;94(4):315-320. 49. De M, Krishna De A, Banerjee AB. Antimicrobial screening of some Indian spices. Phytother Res . 1999;13(7):616-618. 50. Gonçalves JL, Lopes RC, Oliveira DB, et al. In vitro anti-rotavirus activity of some medicinal plants used in Brazil against diarrhea. J Ethnopharmacol . 2005;99(3):403-407. 51. Narasimhan B, Dhake AS.

Antibacterial principles from Myristica fragrans seeds. J Med Food . 2006;9(3):395-399. 52. Firouzi R, Shekarforoush SS, Nazer AH, et al. Effects of essential oils of oregano and nutmeg on growth and survival of Yersinia enterocolitica and Listeria monocytogenes in barbecued chicken. J Food Prot . 2007;70(11):2626-2630. 53. O'Mahony R, Al-Khtheeri H, Weerasekera D, et al. Bactericidal and anti-adhesive properties of culinary and medicinal plants against Helicobacter pylori . World J Gastroenterol . 2005;11(47):7499-7507. 54. Mahady GB, Pendland SL, Stoia A, et al. In vitro susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori to botanical extracts used traditionally for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Phytother Res .

2005;19(11):988-991. 55. Sridhar SR, Rajagopal RV, Rajavel R, Masilamani S, Narasimhan S. Antifungal activity of some essential oils. J Agric Food Chem . 2003;51(26):7596-7599. 56. Zacchino SA, López SN, Pezzenati GD, et al. In vitro evaluation of antifungal properties of phenylpropanoids and related compounds acting against dermatophytes. J Nat Prod . 1999;62(10):1353-1357. 57. Zacchino S, Rodríguez G, Pezzenati G, Orellana G, Enriz R, Gonzalez Sierra M. In vitro evaluation of antifungal properties of 8.O.4'-neolignans. J Nat Prod . 1997;60(7):659-662. 58. Dew TP, Day AJ, Morgan MR.

Xanthine oxidase activity in vitro: effects of food extracts and components. J Agric Food Chem . 2005;53(16):6510-6515. 59. Tomaino A, Cimino F, Zimbalatti V, et al. Influence of heating on antioxidant activity and the chemical composition of some spice essential oils. Food Chem . 2005;89:549-554. 60. Kumaravelu P, Subramaniyam S, Dakshinamoorthy DP, Devaraj NS. The antioxidant effect of eugenol on Ccl,-induced erythrocyte damage in rats. J Nutr Biochem . 1996;7:23-28. 61. Tezuka Y, Irikawa S, Kaneko T, et al. Screening of Chinese herbal drug extracts for inhibitory activity on nitric oxide production and identification of an active compound of Zanthoxylum bungeanum . J Ethnopharmacol . 2001;77(2-3):209-217. 62.

Sohn JH, Han KL, Choo JH, Hwang JK. Macelignan protects HepG2 cells against tert-butylhydroperoxide-induced oxidative damage. Biofactors . 2007;29(1):1-10. 63. Ho SC, Tsai TH, Tsai PJ, Lin CC. Protective capacities of certain spices against peroxynitrite-mediated biomolecular damage. Food Chem Toxicol . 2008;46(3):920-928. 64. Suganthi R, Rajamani S, Ravichandran MK, Anuradha CV. Effect of food seasoning spices mixture on biomarkers of oxidative stress in tissues of fructose-fed insulin-resistant rats. J Med Food . 2007;10(1):149-153. 65. Cho Y, Kim KH, Shim JS, Hwang JK. Inhibitory effects of macelignan isolated from Myristica fragrans HOUTT. on melanin biosynthesis. Biol Pharm Bull . 2008;31(5):986-989. 66.

Anggakusuma, Yanti, Hwang JK. Effects of macelignan isolated from Myristica fragrans Houtt. on UVB-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 and cyclooxygenase-2 in HaCaT cells. J Dermatol Sci . 2010;57(2):114-122. 67. Olajide OA, Ajayi FF, Ekhelar AI, Awe SO, Makinde JM, Alada AR. Biological effects of Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) extract. Phytother Res . 1999;13(4):344-345. 68. Ma J, Hwang YK, Cho WH, Han SH, Hwang JK, Han JS. Macelignan attenuates activations of mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor kappa B induced by lipopolysaccharide in microglial cells. Biol Pharm Bull . 2009;32(6):1085-1090. 69. Morita T, Jinno K, Kawagishi H, et al.

Hepatoprotective effect of myristicin from nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans ) on lipopolysaccharide/d-galactosamine-induced liver injury. J Agric Food Chem . 2003;51(6):1560-1565. 70. Lee SU, Shim KS, Ryu SY, Min YK, Kim SH. Machilin A isolated from Myristica fragrans stimulates osteoblast differentiation. Planta Med . 2009;75(2):152-157. 71. Jan M, Faqir F, Hamida, Mughal MA. Comparison of effects of extract of Myristica fragrans and verapamil on the volume and acidity of carbachol induced gastric secretion in fasting rabbits. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad . 2005;17(2):69-71. 72. Jan M, Faqir F, Qureshi H, Malik SA, Mughal MA. Evaluation of effects of extract from seeds of Myristica fragrans on volume and acidity of stimulated gastric secretion, liver and kidney function. J Postgrad Med Inst .

2004;18:644-650. 73. Brancaccio RR, Alvarez MS. Contact allergy to food. Dermatol Ther . 2004;17(4):302-313. 74. Schöll I, Jensen-Jarolim E. Allergenic potency of spices: hot, medium hot, or very hot. Int Arch Allergy Immunol . 2004;135(3):247-261. 75. Burdock GA, Carabin IG. Safety assessment of myristic acid as a food ingredient. Food Chem Toxicol . 2007;45(4):517-529. 76. Miller EC, Swanson AB, Phillips DH, Fletcher TL, Liem A, Miller JA. Structure-activity studies of the carcinogenicities in the mouse and rat of some naturally occurring and synthetic alkenylbenzene derivatives related to safrole and estragole. Cancer Res . 1983;43(3):1124-1134. 77.

De Vincenzi M, Silano M, Stacchini P, Scazzocchio B. Constituents of aromatic plants: I. Methyleugenol. Fitoterapia . 2000;71(2):216-221. 78. Barceloux DG. Nutmeg ( Myristica fragrans Houtt.). Dis Mon . 2009;55(6):373-379. Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health Nutmeg and Mace Nutmeg and Mace Source: Magness et al. 1971 While other species of Myristica produce nutmegs, the principal nutmeg of commerce is M. fragrans. The tree is a tropical evergreen, reaching up to 60 feet, with entire oval leaves up to 10 inches long. The fruit is oval or pyriform about 2 inches long, and consists of an outer fleshy husk and inner seed. The husk splits when ripe, exposing the seed. Immediately surrounding the seed coat is a crimson network of tissue, the mace. The mace is rather leathery in texture.

Nutmeg is the inner seed or kernel. Both nutmeg and mace are used mainly as spices. The distinctive flavors are due to volatile oils, present in both tissues. The oil of nutmeg, used as a nutmeg butter, is obtained by crushing and pressing the seed. Last update February 18, 1999 by ch Nutmeg - Hapibeli - The Biohacker's Database Categories: Supplement Nutmeg (also known as pala in Indonesia) is one of the two spices – the other being mace – derived from several species of tree in the genus Myristica. The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia.

Nutmeg is the seed of the tree, roughly egg-shaped and about 20 to 30 mm (0.8 to 1.2 in) long and 15 to 18 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in) wide, and weighing between 5 and 10 g (0.2 and 0.4 oz) dried, while mace is the dried "lacy" reddish covering or aril of the seed. The first harvest of nutmeg trees takes place 7–9 years after planting, and the trees reach full production after twenty years. Nutmeg is usually used in powdered form. This is the only tropical fruit that is the source of two different spices, obtained from different parts of the plant. Several other commercial products are also produced from the trees, including essential oils, extracted oleoresins, and nutmeg butter.

Products </div> <div class="concept-links"> <h2>Links</h2> <ul> <li> <a class="link link-color link-black" href="">Examine</a> </li> <li> <a class="link link-color link-black" href="">Pubmed</a> </li> <li> <a class="link link-color link-black" href="">Wikipedia</a> </li> <li> <a class="link link-color link-black" href="#q=Nutmeg">Google</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="footer" class="footer"> <div class="footer-container"> </div> </div> </body> </html> Nutmeg plantation in Kerala - YouTube Nutmeg plantation in Kerala Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later.

Published on Jul 23, 2014 Nutmeg is one of the two spices -- the other being mace -- derived from several species of tree in the genus Myristica. Nutmeg and mace (known in India as jayphal / jayaphala and javitri) are grown in various parts including Kerala and Goa. They comprise a premium family of spices that are also used in Indian cooking. The nutmeg tree is any of several species of trees in genus Myristica. The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia. The nutmeg tree is important for two spices derived from the fruit: nutmeg and mace.

Nutmeg is the seed of the tree, roughly egg-shaped and about 20 to 30 mm (0.8 to 1 in) long and 15 to 18 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in) wide, and weighing between 5 and 10 g (0.2 and 0.4 oz) dried, while mace is the dried "lacy" reddish covering or aril of the seed. The first harvest of nutmeg trees takes place 7--9 years after planting, and the trees reach full production after 20 years. Nutmeg is usually used in powdered form. This is the only tropical fruit that is the source of two different spices. Several other commercial products are also produced from the trees, including essential oils, extracted oleoresins, and nutmeg butter. The common or fragrant nutmeg, Myristica fragrans, native to the Banda Islands of Indonesia, is also grown in Penang Island in Malaysia and the Caribbean, especially in Grenada. It also grows in Kerala, a state in southern India. Other species of nutmeg include Papuan nutmeg M. argentea from New Guinea, and Bombay nutmeg M.

malabarica from India, called jaiphal in Hindi; both are used as adulterants of M. fragrans products. Source: Wikipedia This footage is part of the professionally-shot broadcast stock footage archive of Wilderness Films India Ltd., the largest collection of HD imagery from South Asia. The Wilderness Films India collection comprises of 50, 000+ hours of high quality broadcast imagery, mostly shot on HDCAM / SR 1080i High Definition, Alexa, SR, HDV and XDCAM. Write to us for licensing this footage on a broadcast format, for use in your production! We are happy to be commissioned to film for you or else provide you with broadcast crewing and production solutions across South Asia. We pride ourselves in bringing the best of India and South Asia to the world... Please subscribe to our channel wildfilmsindia on Youtube for a steady stream of videos from across India. Also, visit and enjoy your journey across India at , India's first video-based social networking experience! Reach us at rupindang @ gmail .

com and admin@wildfilmsindia.com Category Nutmeg | Veri Soda Return to Content Nutmeg Nutmeg (also known as pala in Indonesia) is one of the two spices – the other being mace – derived from several species of tree in the genus Myristica. The most important commercial species is Myristica fragrans, an evergreen tree indigenous to the Banda Islands in the Moluccas (or Spice Islands) of Indonesia. Nutmeg is the seed of the tree, roughly egg-shaped and about 20 to 30 mm (0.8 to 1.2 in) long and 15 to 18 mm (0.6 to 0.7 in) wide, and weighing between 5 and 10 g (0.2 and 0.4 oz) dried, while mace is the dried “lacy” reddish covering or aril of the seed. The first harvest of nutmeg trees takes place 7–9 years after planting, and the trees reach full production after twenty years. Nutmeg is usually used in powdered form. This is the only tropical fruit that is the source of two different spices, obtained from different parts of the plant.

Several other commercial products are also produced from the trees, including essential oils, extracted oleoresins, and nutmeg butter. Our natural resources Oranges The Story of our Ingredients Throughout history, mint, lavender and citrus were used for their medicinal, culinary properties and have undergone various processes of crushing, drying, maceration (steeping) and distillation. In the 16th century, sea-faring nations discovered new plants and their various uses in the West and East Indies. Vanilla, cinnamon and cinchona were used to combat malaria and later used in tonic water. Veri’s own artisanal limonadiers (French for soda makers) went back to more than hundred year old soda recipes and developed their formulas based on the selection of the best plants and fruits in the countries of origin. They combined traditional knowledge of different plants and systems of natural extraction of aromas and extracts to develop Veri’s unique carbonated beverages. We have carried this tradition forward into the delicious Veri sparkling beverages you enjoy today.

Mace Uses, Benefits & Dosage - Drugs.com Herbal Database Anti-cancer Animal data A number of interesting articles have appeared on potential anti-cancer properties (chemo-preventor effects of chemically induced carcinogenesis) of mace, including: transmammary modulation of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in the liver of mouse pups by mace; 7 effect of nutmeg essential oils on activation and detoxification of xenobiotic compounds (chemical carcinogens and mutagens); 8 potential anticarcinogenic role of Myristica volatile oils; 9 modulatory effects of mace on hepatic detoxification; 10 reduction of induced skin papilloma incidence via diet containing 1% mace; 11 reduction of induced carcinogenesis in uterine cervix in mice by mace; 12 and increased level of acid-soluble sulfhydryl (SH) groups in the liver of young mice (chemoprotective) by mace. 13 Clinical data Research reveals no clinical data regarding the use of mace against cancer.

Other uses A number of miscellaneous pharmacological studies show strong antifungal and antibacterial properties of two antimicrobial resorcinols (malabaricone B and C from mace; 4 anti-inflammatory properties of myristicin from mace; 14 antimicrobial action of mace against oral bacteria; 15 and a larvicidal principle in mace. 16 Dosage There is no clinical evidence to support specific doses of mace; however, classical use of ground mace was at doses of 500 mg. Higher doses may be toxic. Pregnancy/Lactation Literature reports contact or systemic contact-type dermatitis to nutmeg as a spice. 17 Toxicology The majority of the literature of the last decade continues to verify the possibility of acute intoxication possible with overdoses of nutmeg itself. 18 Very few, if any, articles appear in the recent literature specifically dealing with mace intoxication. Bibliography 1. Simpson B, Ogorzaly M. Economic Botany: Plants in Our World. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, 1986. 2. Rosengarten F, Jr. The Book of Spices.

Wynnewood, PA: Livingston Publishing Company, 1969. 3. Tyler V, et al. Pharmacognosy, 9th ed. Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger, 1988./ 4. Orabi KY, et al. Isolation and characterization of two antimicrobial agents from mace (Myristica fragrans). J Nat Prod 1991;54(3):856. 5. Kuo YH. Studies on several naturally occurring lignans. Kao-Hsiung I Hsueh Ko Hseuh Tsa Chih [ Kaohsiung J Med Sc ] 1989;5(11):621. 6. Zacchino SA, Badano H. Enantioselective synthesis and absolute configuration assignment of erythro-(3,4,5–trimethoxy-7–hydroxy-1'allyl-2',6'-dimethoxy)-8.0.4'-neolignan from mace ( Myristica fragrans ). J Nat Prod 1988;51:1261. 7. Chhabra SK, Rao AR.

Transmammary modulation of xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes in liever of mouse pups by mace (Myristica fragrans Houtt.). J Ethnopharmacol 1994;42(3):169. 8. Banerjee S, et al. Influence of certain essential oils on carcinogen-metabolizing enzymes and acid-soluble sulfhydryls in mouse liver. Nutr Cancer 1994;21(3):263. 9. Hashim S, et al. Modulatory effects of essential oils from spices on the formation of DNA adduct by aflatoxin B1 in vitro. Nutr Cancer 1994;21(2):169. 10. Singh A, Rao AR. Modulatory effect of Areca nut on the action of mace (Myristica fragrans, Houtt.) on the hepatic detoxification systems in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 1993;31(7):517. 11. Jannu LN, et al.

Chemopreventive action of mace (Myristica fragrans, Houtt.) on DMBA-induced papillomagenesis in the skin of mice. Cancer Lett 1991;56(1):59. 12. Hussain SP, Rao AR. Chemopreventive action of mace (Myristica fragrans, Houtt.) on methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis in the uterine cervix in mice. Cancer Lett 1991;56(3):231. 13. Kumari MV, Rao AR. Effects of mace (Myristica fragrans, Houtt.) on cytosolic glutathione S-transferase activity and acid soluble sulfhydryl level in mouse liver. Cancer Lett 1989;46(2):87. 14. Ozaki Y, et al. Antiinflammatory effect of mace, aril of Myristica fragrans Houtt., and its active principles. Jpn J Pharmacol 1989;49(2):155. 15. Saeki Y, et al.

Antimicrobial action of natural substances on oral bacteria. Bull Tokyo Dental College 1989;30(3):129. 16. Nakamura N, et al. Studies on crude drugs effective on visceral larva migrans. V. The larvicidal principle in mace (aril of Myristica fragrans). Chem Pharm Bull 1988;36(7):2685. 17. Dooms-Goossens A, et al. Contact and systemic contact-type dermatitis to spices. Dermatol Clin 1990;8(1):89. 18. Abernethy MK, Becker LB. Acute nutmeg intoxication. Am J Emerg Med 1992;10(5):429. Mace (spice) | Article about Mace (spice) by The Free Dictionary Mace (spice) | Article about Mace (spice) by The Free Dictionary Related to Mace (spice): Myristica fragrans nutmeg, name applied to members of the family Myristicaceae.

The true nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) is an evergreen tree native to the Moluccas but now cultivated elsewhere in the tropics and to a limited extent in S Florida. The fruit is the source of two spices of commercial value: whole or ground nutmeg, from the inner seed; and mace, from the fibrous aril (seed covering) that separates the seed from its thick outer husk. It also supplies butters and an essential oil used in medicines, toilet preparations, and dentifrices. Other trees of the Myristica genus, also called nutmegs, are of a limited use commercially. Several species of the tropical American genus Virola are valuable for timber (e.g., V. surinamensis) and the red resinous sap of some others is boiled down, powdered, and made into a hallucinogenic snuff by some Amazonian indigenous peoples. Connecticut is called the Nutmeg State. Nutmeg is classified in the division Magnoliophyta Magnoliophyta , division of the plant kingdom consisting of those organisms commonly called the flowering plants, or angiosperms.

The angiosperms have leaves, stems, and roots, and vascular, or conducting, tissue (xylem and phloem). ..... Click the link for more information. , class Magnoliopsida, order Magnoliales, family Myristicaceae. Bibliography

Question: 'Mace is one of the spices obtained from the tree Myristica Fragrams - what is the other?
Answer: NUTMEG