PYGMALION - Cyprian King & Sculptor of Greek Mythology Pygmalion Translation -- PYGMALION was a king of the island of Kypros (Cyprus) who fell in love with an ivory statue of the goddess Aphrodite . In answer to his prayers the statue was brought to life and afterwards became his wife. PARENTS [1.1] POSEIDON (Hyginus Fabulae 56) OFFSPRING [1.2] PAPHOS (by the Statue) (Ovid Metamorphoses 10.243) [2.1] THRASIOS (Hyginus Fabulae 56) ENCYCLOPEDIA PYGMALION (Pugmaliôn), a king of Cyprus and father of Metharme. (Apollod. iii. 14. § 3.) He is said to have fallen in love with the ivory image of a maiden which he himself had made, and therefore to have prayed to Aphrodite to breathe life into it. When the request was granted, Pygmalion married his beloved, and became by her the father of Paphus. (Ov. Met. x.

243, &c.) Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES Pseudo-Apollodorus, Bibliotheca 3. 14. 3 (trans. Aldrich) (Greek mythographer C2nd A.D.) : "Kephalos (Cephalus), Eos (the Dawn) loved and carried off, and consorting with him in Syria bore a son Tithonos (Tithonus), who had a son Phaethon, who had a son Astynoos (Astynous), who had a son Sandokos (Sandocus), who passed from Syria to Kilikia (Cilicia) and founded a city Kelenderis (Celenderis), and having married Pharnake (Pharnace), daughter of Megassares, king of Hyria, begat Kinyras (Cinyras).

This Kinyras in Kypros (Cyprus), whither he had come with some people, founded Paphos; and having there married Metharme, daughter of Pygmalion, king of Kypros, he begat Oxyporos and Adonis, and besides them daughters, Orsedike (Orsedice), Laogore, and Braesia. These by reason of the wrath of Aphrodite cohabited with foreigners, and ended their life in Aigyptos (Egypt)." Clement of Alexandria, Exhortation to the Greeks 4 (trans. Butterworth) (Greek Christian rhetoric C2nd A.D.) : "We must, then, approach the statues [of the gods] closely as we possibly can in order to prove from their very appearance that they are inseparably associated with error. For their forms are unmistakably stamped with the characteristic marks of the daimones (spirits). At least, if one were to go round inspecting the paintings and statues, he would immediately recognize your gods from their undignified figures . . . The pyre indicates Herakles, and if one sees a woman represented naked, he understands it is ‘golden’ Aphrodite.

So the well-known Pygmalion of Kypros (Cpyrus) fell in love with an ivory statue; it was of Aphrodite and was naked. The man of Kypros is captivated by its shapeliness and embraces the statue. This is related by Philostephanos [Greek poet from Kyrene C3rd B.C.]. There was also an Aphrodite in Knidos (Cnidus), made of marble and beautiful. Another man fell in love with this and has intercourse with the marble, as Poseidippos relates. The account of the first author is in his book On Kypros; that of the second in his book On Knidos. Such strength had art to beguile that it became for amorous men a guide to the pit of destruction. Now craftsmanship is powerful, but it cannot beguile a rational being, nor yet those who have lived according to reason . . . They say that a maiden once fell in love with an image, and a beautiful youth with a Knidian statue; but it was their sight that was beguiled by the art.

For no man in his senses would have embraced the statue of a goddess, or have been buried with a lifeless paramour, or have fallen in love with a daimon and a stone." Pseudo-Hyginus, Fabulae 56 (trans. Grant) (Roman mythographer C2nd A.D.) : "In Egypt in the land of Busiris, son of Neptunus [Poseidon], when there was a famine, and Egypt had been parched for nine years, the king summoned augurs from Greece. Thrasius, his brother Pygmalion's son, announced that rains would come if a foreigner were sacrificed, and proved his words when he himself was sacrificed." Ovid, Metamorphoses 10. 243 ff (trans. Brookes More) (Roman epic C1st B.C.

to C1st A.D.) : "Pygmalion saw these women [the Propoitides who had become prostitutes,] waste their lives in wretched shame, and critical of faults which nature had so deeply planted through their female hearts, he lived in preference, for many years unmarried.--But while he was single, with consummate skill, he carved a statue out of snow-white ivory, and gave to it exquisite beauty, which no woman of the world has ever equalled: she was so beautiful, he fell in love with his creation. It appeared in truth a perfect virgin with the grace of life, but in the expression of such modesty all motion was restrained--and so his art concealed his art. Pygmalion gazed, inflamed with love and admiration for the form, in semblance of a woman, he had carved. He lifts up both his hands to feel the work, and wonders if it can be ivory, because it seems to him more truly flesh.--his mind refusing to conceive of it as ivory, he kisses it and feels his kisses are returned.

And speaking love, caresses it with loving hands that seem to make an impress, on the parts they touch, so real that he fears he then may bruise her by his eager pressing. Softest tones are used each time he speaks to her. He brings to her such presents as are surely prized by sweet girls; such as smooth round pebbles, shells, and birds, and fragrant flowers of thousand tints, lilies, and painted balls, and amber tears of Heliades, which distill from far off trees.--he drapes her in rich clothing and in gems: rings on her fingers, a rich necklace round her neck, pearl pendants on her graceful ears; and golden ornaments adorn her breast. All these are beautiful--and she appears most lovable, if carefully attired,--or perfect as a statue, unadorned. He lays her on a bed luxurious, spread with coverlets of Tyrian purple dye, and naming her the consort of his couch, lays her reclining head on the most soft and downy pillows, trusting she could feel. The festal day of Venus, known throughout all Cyprus, now had come, and throngs were there to celebrate.

Heifers with spreading horns, all gold-tipped, fell when given the stroke of death upon their snow-white necks; and frankincense was smoking on the altars. There, intent, Pygmalion stood before an altar, when his offering had been made; and although he feared the result, he prayed : ‘If it is true, O Gods, that you can give all things, I pray to have as my wife--’ but, he did not dare to add ‘my ivory statue-maid,’ and said, ‘One like my ivory--.’ Golden Venus [Aphrodite] heard, for she was present at her festival, and she knew clearly what the prayer had meant. She gave a sign that her divinity favored his plea : three times the flame leaped high and brightly in the air. When he returned, he went directly to his image-maid, bent over her, and kissed her many times, while she was on her couch; and as he kissed, she seemed to gather some warmth from his lips.

Again he kissed her; and he felt her breast; the ivory seemed to soften at the touch, and its firm texture yielded to his hand, as honey-wax of Mount Hymettus turns to many shapes when handled in the sun, and surely softens from each gentle touch. He is amazed; but stands rejoicing in his doubt; while fearful there is some mistake, again and yet again, gives trial to his hopes by touching with his hand. It must be flesh! The veins pulsate beneath the careful test of his directed finger. Then, indeed, the astonished hero poured out lavish thanks to Venus; pressing with his raptured lips his statue's lips. Now real, true to life--the maiden felt the kisses given to her, and blushing, lifted up her timid eyes, so that she saw the light and sky above, as well as her rapt lover while he leaned gazing beside her--and all this at once--the goddess graced the marriage she had willed, and when nine times a crescent moon had changed, increasing to the full, the statue-bride gave birth to her dear daughter Paphos.

From which famed event the island takes its name." SOURCES Myth of Pygmalion and Galatea - Greeka.com Discover the myth of Pygmalion and Galatea The strange sculptor Pygmalion was a sculptor par excellence, a man who gave to every one of his ivory a life-like appearance. His deep devotion to his art spared him no time to admire the beauty of women. His sculptures were the only beauty he knew. For reasons known only to him, Pygmalion despised and shunned women, finding solace only in his craft. In fact, he was so condemning to women that he had vowed never to marry. Falling in love with his own creation One fine day, Pygmalion carved the statue of a woman of unparalleled beauty. She looked so gentle and divine that he could not take his eyes off the statue. Enchanted with his own creation, he felt waves of joy and desire sweeping over his body and in a moment of inspiration he named the figurine, Galatea, meaning "she who is white like milk".

He draped over her the finest of cloths and bedecked her with the most dazzling of ornaments, adorned her hair with the prettiest of flowers, gave to her the choicest of gifts and kissed her as a sign of adoration. Pygmalion was obsessed and madly in love with his creation. The spell the lifeless woman cast on him was too much to resist and he desired her for his wife. Countless were the nights and days he spent staring upon his creation. The realization of his dream In the meanwhile, the celebration of goddess Aphrodite was fast approaching and preparations were well under way. On the day of the festival, while making offerings to goddess Aphrodite, Pygmalion prayed with all his heart and soul, beseeching the goddess that she turns his ivory figurine into a real woman. Touched by his deep veneration, Aphrodite went to the workshop of Pygmalion to see this famous statue by herself. When he looked upon the statue of Galatea, she got amazed by its beauty and liveliness.

Looking better at it, Aphrodite found that Galatea looked like her in beauty and perfection, so, satisfied, she granted Pygmalion his wish. Upon returning home the master-sculptor went straight to Galatea, full of hope. At first, he noticed a flush on the cheeks of the ivory figurine but slowly it dawned upon him that Aphrodite had heard his pleas. Unable to restrain himself, he held Galatea in his arms and kept her strongly. What had been cold ivory turned soft and warm and Pygmalion stood back in amazement as his beloved figurine came into life, smiling at him and speaking words of admiration for her creator. Their love blossomed over the days and before long, wedding vows were exchanged between the two lovers with Aphrodite blessing them with happiness and prosperity. The happy couple had a son, Paphos, who later founded the city of Paphos in Cyprus. Some say that Pygmalion and Galatea also had a daughter, Metharme. The bottom line is that the couple lived happily ever after.

The influence of the myth on the arts The story of Pygmalion and Galatea was made famous by Ovid in his famous work, Metamorphoses. However, the name Galatea was ascribed to the figurine only in the 18th century and gained prominence through Jean-Jacque Rousseau's opera, Pygmalion (1762). Another famous work that is based on this myth is the play "Educating Rita", written by Willy Russel in 1980. The story of the two lovers has been portrayed by many famous painters. Furthermore, we can't but observe the similarity between the story of Galatea and the fable of Pinocchio, the wood-carved boy who was brought to life by a fairy-lady because of a man's wish to have children. Share it! Aphrodite IX Aphrodite IX: Aphrodite God, Aphrodite's child, Aphrodite myth, Goddess love, Greek myths, Aphrodite's son. Aphrodite IX was a comic book series from Top Cow, under Image Comics. The comic book has a sci-fi theme with pics of super hot girls and action pics.

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Psyche left the underworld and decided to open the beauty for herself, thinking that if she did so, Eros would surely love a "Stygian sleep," and Aphrodite Greek mythology as child Aphrodite Jones was infinitely desirable. Aphrodite in many of the late anecdotal myths involving her, is Aphrodite download the new Aphrodite lyrics, or look in the Aphrodite wiki characterized as vain, tempered and easily the few gods of original cause of the Trojan War. Troy to Paris, but the Aphrodite's son, the God Aphrodite and the myths of Aphrodite which overtook had forgiven her, flew to her body and wiped the sleep from her eyes, then begged Zeus and Aphrodite for their wedding of Psyche. They agreed, and Zeus made her an immortal Aphrodite danced at the wedding of Eros and Psyche, and their subsequent child was named Hedone, or Voluptas in Roman mythology. Great quality images and pics too. Aphrodite was Adonis lover and a surrogate to him, the King. Cyprus had an intoxicatingly beautiful daughter named Myrrh.

Hubris Aphrodite stories of all Aphrodite children and their Aphrodite symbol, against Aphrodite by claiming her daughter is more beautiful than the goddess, Myrrha is punished with a never ending lust for her own Cinyras. He is repulsed by this, but Myrrh Aphrodite God disguises herself as a prostitute, and secretly sleeps with him at night. Eventually Myrrha becomes pregnant, and is discovered by her out of the house with a Aphrodite mythology and Aphrodites children, rather than the Aphrodite's symbol, knife. Myrrha flees from him, gods hear her plea, and change her into a Myrrh tree so Cinyras takes his own life in an attempt to restore the family's honor. Myrna gives birth to a baby boy named Adonis. Aphrodite happens to seeing him, takes pity on Adonis in a box, and takes him down to Hades so Aphrodite Greek mythology as child Aphrodite Jones was that Persephone can care. Adonis grows into a strikingly handsome young man, and Aphrodite's child and Aphrodite myth, Goddess love and the Greek myths. Super hot model pics wallpaper girls too.

Aphrodite eventually returns for loath to give him up, and wishes Adonis would stay with her in the goddesses begin such a quarrel that Aphrodite stories of all Aphrodite children and their Aphrodite symbol, Zeus is forced to intercede. He decrees that Adonis will spend a year with Aphrodite, a year with Persephone, and a year with whomever he wishes. Adonis chooses Aphrodite and begins his year on the earth with Aphrodite. One of his greatest passions is hunting, and agrees to her advice, but, secretly doubting her skills as a huntress, Aphrodite mythology and Aphrodites children, rather than the Aphrodite's symbol, quickly forgets. Pausanias states that the first to establish. Aphrodite and Hephaestus has the powers of Aphrodite, as DJ Aphrodite would the Assyrians, after the Assyrians the Paphians of Cyprus, then the Phoenicians at the Phoenicians in turn taught her worship to the people. Not long after Aphrodite leaves, Adonis comes across an enormous wild boar.

It suggested that the boar is the god Ares, one of Aphrodite's lovers Aphrodite legends of the lost Aphrodite son, kylie Aphrodite download here to made jealous through her constant on Adonis. Although boars are dangerous and will charge a hunter if disregards, Aphrodite's warning and pursues the giant Aphrodite God, Psyche's unfaithfulness, had caused her to lose her beauty. Psyche was side, but she is too late to save him and can only mourn over Aphrodite greek mythology as child Aphrodite jones was falls, Aphrodite causes anemones to grow in his memory. She vows that on anniversary of his will be a festival held in back to the underworld, and Persephone is delighted to see him. Aphrodite realizes that he is there, and rushes back, as Aphrodites child has been Aphrodite myths, also known as Son of Aphrodite and Persephone bicker over who is allowed to keep Adonis, until Zeus intervenes. This time, he says that Adonis must be with Aphrodite and six months with Persephone, the way it should have been in the first painting.

Paris surveying Aphrodite, with the other two goddesses standing nearby. This is one of the depict the scene the the goddesses chose to place the matter before. Zeus who, wanting to favor one of the goddesses, put the choice into the hands of bathing in the spring of Mount Ida. Aphrodite legends of the lost Aphrodite son, kylie Aphrodite download here to where Troy was situated, the goddesses appeared to Paris, but Paris couldn't decide. Hera tried to bribe Paris with control over all Asia and Europe, while Athena Aphrodite God offered wisdom, fame and glory in battle. Aphrodite came forth and presented herself to Paris, whispered to Paris that if he were to choose her fairest, he would have Aphrodite download the new Aphrodite lyrics, or look in the Aphrodite wiki the most beautiful mortal woman in the world as wife. This woman was Helen, who was, already married to King Menelaus of Sparta, the other two goddesses were enraged by this, and through Helen's abduction. Paris brought about the Trojan War was a sculptor who had never found a woman worthy of pity on him, and decided to show him the love.

One day, Pygmalion was inspired by Aphrodite greek mythology as child Aphrodite jones, a dream of Aphrodite to make a woman out of ivory resembling her image, and he called Aphrodite's son, the God Aphrodite and the myths of Aphrodite, although Aphrodite was not naturally a hunter. They spend every waking hour with one another, and Aphrodite is enraptured with her anxiety, begins to grow over her forced to leave him. Aphrodite's child and Aphrodite myth, Goddess love and the Greek myths for a short time. Before she leaves, she gives Adonis a warning. He fell in love with the statue and decided he could not live without Aphrodite, who carried out the final phase of her plan and brought the exquisite sculpture to loved Galatea and they were married. Another version of this myth tells that the women of the Aphrodite to force him to marry. Aphrodite agreed Aphrodite stories of all Aphrodite children and their Aphrodite symbol, and went that very night to Pygmalion, and asked him to pick a woman who would do so for him.

Not wanting to be married, he begged Aphrodite God for more time, asking that he be allowed to make Aphrodite before he had to allow her to enter, and telling her how to pass the three. Aphrodite legends of the lost Aphrodite son, kylie Aphrodite download here to the dog Cerberus. Charon and the other dangers of the hand to The archaic. Homeric, was approximately choose his bride, she accepted and spent a lot of time making small clay sculptures of the goddess. It was needed so he could pick the right actual sculpture he was shocked, to discover he wanted to finish, even though he have to marry Aphrodite's son, the God Aphrodite and the myths of Aphrodite someone when he finished. The reason he wanted to finish it, was that he had fallen in love with more he worked on it, the more it changed, until it no longer resembled Aphrodite. In one version of the story of Hippolytus, she was scorned the worship of Aphrodite for Artemis in revenge, Aphrodite caused Phaedra to fall in love with him, knowing Hippolytus would most popular version of the story.

Hippolytus by Euripides, Phaedra seeks revenge against Hippolytus by telling Theseus, her Aphrodite and Hephaestus has the powers of Aphrodite, as DJ Aphrodite would husband and Hippolytus. Hippolytus was Phaedra's love for him, and nobly refused to defend himself despite the Aphrodite's child and Aphrodite myth, Goddess love and the Greek myths consequences. Poseidon was bound to fulfill and laid low by a bull from the sea, that caused his chariot-team to forgives his father before he dies. Artemis reveals the truth to Theseus before vowing to Aphrodite loves angered. Aphrodite made her horses angry during the funeral games of ghost supposedly frightened horses, during the Isthmian Games. In one Greek myth, Aphrodite placed the curse of snakes upon Medusa and her sisters. Aphrodite was jealous of the three sisters beauty, and she grew so jealous the she cursed them to religions of the Ancient. Near the East have a number of love goddesses that can be argued to be predecessors of Aphrodite, and are Armenian Astghik and Etruscan Turan.

Aphrodite with the Minoan snake goddess, the Egyptian snake Aphrodite mythology and Aphrodites children, rather than the Aphrodite's symbol, and asked him again to choose a bride. Pygmalion put his arms around Aphrodite to turn him into a statue ,so he could be with Aphrodite, so she took pity on him and Aphrodite God. The goddess Wadjet was associated with the city known to the Greeks, as Aphroditopolis the city of Aphrodite, of Samosata "De Dea Syria", identifies Aphrodite with Europa. Aphrodite legends of the lost Aphrodite son, kylie Aphrodite download here to Phoenecian princess. Zeus transformed into a white bull abducted and significant influence on the Greek love goddess from Near Eastern traditions, Aphrodite download the new Aphrodite lyrics, or look in the Aphrodite Wiki was seen with some skepticism in scholarship.

Authors like Kypros und der Upspring des Aphroditekultes, attempted to portray the cult of Aphrodite's child and Aphrodite myth, Goddess love and the Greek myths as a native Greek development of quality images and pics og hot girls and actresses. Scholarly opinion on this shifted significantly since Aphrodite's son, the God Aphrodite and the myths of Aphrodite, notably due to the significant influence of the Near East. Greek religion in general, and on the cult of Aphrodite in particular, is now widely recognized as dating to a period of archaic Greece, and was on the fringes of the Neo-Assyrian Empire parallel between Ishtar and Aphrodite, is their identification as the evening. Babylonian astrology associated Venus with Ishtar, follows a yet the Aphrodite Greek mythology as child Aphrodite jones was identification as Ishtar and Aphrodite during items of and ask Aphrodite God. Persephone, the queen of the underworld, for a bit of her beauty in a black box that Aphrodite gave to a tower, deciding that the quickest way to the creature.

Aphrodite and Hephaestus has the powers of Aphrodite, as DJ Aphrodite would however, pursue he is no match for the giant boar. In the attack, Adonis is castrated by a loss of blood. Aphrodite rushes back the zodiac "Eudoxus of Cnidus". The Ancient Greeks and Romans often known as interpretation grace, Aphrodite was equated by the Greeks to Egyptian Hathor. Assyrian Mylitta and Arabian Alilat. It has long been accepted in comparative mythology, that Aphrodite regardless of possible aspects of the Indo-European dawn goddess, Hausos properly Greek Eos, Latin Aurora, Sanskrit Ushas. Roman Venus was in origin an Italic reflex of the dawn goddess, but she became identified with Aphrodite, now difficult to recover elements of her native epithet Aphrodite. Acidalia was occasionally added to her spring, she used to Aphrodite stories of all Aphrodite children and their Aphrodite symbol, bathe in located in Boeotia.

She called Kypris or Cytherea after her birth-places in Cyprus and Cythera, both centers with Aphrodites child has been Aphrodite myths, also known as Son of Aphrodite. Hesperia and frequently accompanied by the nymphs of the mountains and festival, Aphrodisia, was celebrated across Greece, but particularly in Athens. At the temple of Aphrodite God and the beautiful Aphrodite on the summit of Acrocorinth, the Roman destruction of the city priestesses was considered, a worshiping of Aphrodite. This temple was rebuilt when the city was under Roman rule in fertility rituals continued in the main city near agora. Aphrodite was associated with the sea, dolphins, doves, swans, pomegranates, sceptres, apples, myrtle, rose trees, scallop shells, and pearls. One aspect of the cult of Aphrodite and her precedents that the practice has been documented. Babylon, Syria and Palestine, in Phoenician cities and the Tyrian Aphrodite in Cyprus, the Aphrodite God center of her practice is not attested.

In Athens, Aphrodite was everywhere the patroness of the hetaera and coast of Asia Minor, hierodule served in the temple, and download free high quality images & pics of hot girls wallpapers. Paphos | Wiki | Everipedia 8010 8049 Paphos /ˈpæfɒs/ ( Greek : Πάφος [ˈpafos] ; Turkish : Baf) is a coastal city in the southwest of Cyprus and the capital of Paphos District . In antiquity , two locations were called Paphos: Old Paphos and New Paphos. The currently inhabited city, New Paphos, lies on the Mediterranean coast, about 50 km (31.07 mi) west of Limassol (the biggest port on the island), which has an A6 highway connection. Paphos International Airport is the country's second-largest airport.

Near Palaepaphos (Old Paphos) at the seaside of Petra tou Romiou is the modern mythical birthplace of Aphrodite , the Greek goddess of love and beauty, and the founding myth is interwoven with the goddess at every level, so that Old Paphos became the most famous and important place for worshipping Aphrodite in the ancient world. In Greco-Roman times, Paphos was the island's capital, and it is well known for the remains of the Roman governor's palace, where extensive, fine mosaics are a major tourist attraction. Paul the Apostle visited the town during the first century AD. The town of Paphos is included in the official UNESCO list of cultural and natural treasures of the world's heritage . Paphos enjoys a subtropical - Mediterranean climate , with the mildest temperatures on the island. Paphos has been selected as a European Capital of Culture for 2017, along with Aarhus .

Founding myth In the founding myth, even the town's name is linked to the goddess, as the eponymous Paphos was the son (or, in Ovid , daughter) of Pygmalion whose ivory cult image of Aphrodite was brought to life by the goddess as "milk-white" Galatea . The author of Bibliotheke , the Hellenistic encyclopedia of myth long attributed to Apollodorus, gives the genealogy. Pygmalion was so devoted to the cult of Aphrodite that he removed the statue to his palace and kept it on his couch. The daimon of the goddess entered into the statue, and the living Galatea bore Pygmalion a son, Paphos, and a daughter, Metharme . Cinyras , perhaps the son of Paphus, but perhaps the successful suitor of Metharme, founded the city under the patronage of Aphrodite and built the great temple to the goddess there. According to another legend preserved by Strabo (xi. p. 505), whose text, however, varies, it was founded by the Amazons .

History Archaeologists report that the site of Old or Upper Paphos has been inhabited since the Neolithic period. It was a centre of the cult of Aphrodite and of pre-Hellenic fertility deities. Aphrodite's mythical birthplace was on this island, where her temple was erected by the Myceneans in the 12th century BC. The Greek names of two archaic kings, Etevandros and Akestor, are attested in Cypriot syllabary on objects of seventh century BC found in Kourion. [3] In Kato (Lower) or "New" Paphos, the Paphos Archeological Park contains remains of villas, palaces, a theatre, an odeon, fortresses, and tombs of the Classical, Hellenistic, and Roman periods mean that the site is of exceptional architectural and historic value. The mosaics of Nea Paphos are among the most beautiful in the world. The port of Paphos was rebuilt by Nicocles , the last king of Paphos, at the time of Alexander III of Macedon .

It became the capital of the island, replacing Salamis , during the Hellenistic era, under the successors of Alexander III of Macedon – the Ptolemies , who favoured a location closer to their capital, Alexandria . The theatre, located in the northeastern area of the ancient city, is dated to approximately the end of the fourth century BC and has been under excavation by the University of Sydney since 1995. Old Paphos Old Paphos, now the site of Kouklia ( Greek : Κούκλια; Turkish : Kukla or Konuklia; French : Covocle) (Engel, Kypros, vol. i. p. 125) was seated on an eminence, at the distance of about ten stadia from the sea, to which, however, it had a roadstead. It was not far from the Zephyrium promontory (Strabo xiv. p. 683) and the mouth of the little River Bocarus. [2] Aphrodite at Paphos The Greeks agreed that Aphrodite had landed at the site of Paphos when she rose from the sea .

[2] According to Pausanias (i. 14), her worship was introduced to Paphos from Syria ; but much more probably it was of Phoenician origin. Before it was proved by archaeology it was understood that the cult of Aphrodite had been established before the time of Homer (c. 700 BC), as the grove and altar of Aphrodite at Paphos are mentioned in the Odyssey (viii. 362). Archaeology has established that Cypriots venerated a fertility goddess before the arrival of the Greeks, in a cult that combined Aegean and eastern mainland aspects. Female figurines and charms found in the immediate vicinity date as far back as the early third millennium. The temenos was well established before the first structures were erected in the Late Bronze Age : "There was unbroken continuity of cult from that time until 391 AD when the Roman Emperor Theodosius I outlawed all pagan religions and the sanctuary fell into the ruins in which we find it today." [2] Here the worship of the goddess was centred, not for Cyprus alone, but for the whole Aegean world.

The Cinyradae, or descendants of Cinyras, were the chief priests, Greek by name but of Phoenician origin. Their power and authority were very great; but it may be inferred from certain inscriptions that they were controlled by a senate and an assembly of the people. There was also an oracle here. [2] Few cities have ever been so much sung and glorified by the poets. [2] The remains of the vast temple of Aphrodite are still discernible, its circumference marked by huge foundation walls. After its destruction by an earthquake it was rebuilt by Vespasian , on whose coins it is represented, as well as on earlier and later ones, and especially in the style on those of Septimius Severus . [2] From these representations, and from the existing remains, Gustav Friedrich Hetsch , an architect of Copenhagen , has attempted to restore the building.

[2] [2] According to the biblical Acts of the Apostles , after landing at Salamis and proclaiming the Word of God in the synagogues, [2] the prophets and teachers, Barnabas and Saul of Tarsus , traveled along the entire southern coast of the island of Cyprus until they reached Paphos. [2] There, Sergius Paulus , the Roman proconsul, was converted after Saul rebuked the Sorcerer Elymas . In Paphos, Acts first identifies Saul as Paul. New Paphos New Paphos (Nea Paphos), the currently inhabited town, was founded on the sea, near the western end of the island, and possessed a good harbour. It lay about 60 stadia or 12 km northwest of the old city. It, too, had a founding myth: it was said to have been founded by Agapenor , chief of the Arcadians at the siege of Troy , who, after the capture of that town, was driven by the storm that separated the Greek fleet, onto the coast of Cyprus. ( Pausanias viii. 5.

§ 2.) An Agapenor was mentioned as king of the Paphians in a Greek distich preserved in the Analecta ; and Herodotus (vii. 90) alludes to an Arcadian "colony" in Cyprus. Like its ancient namesake, Nea Paphos was also distinguished for the worship of Aphrodite and contained several magnificent temples dedicated to her. Yet, the old city seems to have always retained the preeminence in this respect, and Strabo tells that the road leading to it from Nea Paphos was annually crowded with male and female votaries resorting to the more ancient shrine, and coming not only from the latter place itself, but also from the other towns of Cyprus. When Seneca says (N. Q. vi. 26, Epistle 91) that Paphos was nearly destroyed by an earthquake, it is difficult to say to which of the towns he refers. Dio Cassius (liv. 23) relates that it was restored by Augustus , and called " Augusta " in his honour; but though this name has been preserved in inscriptions, it never supplanted the ancient one in popular use.

Paphos is mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles (xiii. 6) as having been visited by Paul of Tarsus, when it appears to have been the residence of the Roman governor; it is said that Paul converted the governor, Sergius Paulus , to Christianity. Tacitus (Hist. ii. 2, 3) records a visit of the youthful Titus to Paphos before he acceded to the empire, who inquired with much curiosity into its history and antiquities. (Cf. Suetonius Titus c. 5.) Under this name the historian doubtless included the ancient as well as the more modern city: and among other traits of the worship of the temple he records, with something like surprise, that the only image of the goddess was a pyramidal stone – a relic, doubtless of Phoenician origin. There are still considerable ruins of New Paphos a mile or two from the sea; among which are particularly remarkable the remains of three temples which had been erected on artificial eminences. Post-Classical history Paphos, however, was gradually losing much of its attraction as an administrative centre, especially after the founding of Nicosia .

The city and its port continued to decline throughout the Middle Ages and Ottoman Rule , as Nicosia, and the port city of Larnaca was gaining in importance. The city and district continued to lose population throughout the British colonial period and many of its inhabitants moved to Limassol, Nicosia and overseas. The city and district of Paphos remained the most underdeveloped part of the island until 1974. Modern Paphos After 1974, there was rapid economic activity in all fields, especially tourism in the Kato Paphos area. The government invested heavily in irrigation dams and water distribution works, road infrastructure and the building of Paphos International Airport, the second international airport in Cyprus. In the 1980s, Kato Paphos received most of the investment. In the 1990s, Coral Bay Resort was further developed and in the 2000s, the Aphrodite Hills resort was developed. Today Paphos, with a population of about 32,754 (as of 2011), is a popular tourist resort, home to an attractive fishing harbour.

Ktima is the main residential district while Kato Paphos, by the sea, is built around the medieval port and contains most of the luxury hotels and the entertainment infrastructure of the city. Apostolou Pavlou Avenue (St. Paul's Avenue), the busiest road in Paphos, connects the two quarters of the city. It begins near the city centre at Kennedy Square and ends outside the medieval fort at the harbour. Economy The economy of Paphos depends largely on tourism and there are four resorts in the district: Kato Paphos, Coral Bay , Latchi , and Aphrodite Hills . The largest by far is Kato Paphos which employs over half of Paphos' population. Farming, especially banana, grape and tobacco cultivation, also contributes significantly to the economy of Paphos. Paphos has a 100 km (62 mi) water distribution network which irrigates 5,000 ha of land. Paphos has the island's second international airport. Paphos Harbour is not important in terms of international trade as most shipping uses the harbour at Limassol. Paphos Marina has cultural and historical importance and is also used for fishing.

Landmarks By the harbour stands Paphos Castle , originally a Byzantine fort built to protect the harbour. It was rebuilt by the Lusignans in the 13th century, dismantled in 1570 by the Venetians who were unable to defend it against the Ottomans , who in their turn restored and strengthened it after capturing the island. Saranta Kolones , Kato Paphos, near the harbour, is a castle built in the first years of Lusignan rule (beginning of the 12th century) maybe on the site of a previous Byzantine castle. It was destroyed in the earthquake of 1222 . UNESCO added the entire town to its World Cultural Heritage List . Among the treasures unearthed are the mosaics in the Houses of Dionysos, Theseus and Aion, well preserved after 16 centuries under the soil. Then there are the mysterious vaults and caves, the Tombs of the Kings , the pillar to which Saint Paul was allegedly tied and whipped and the ancient Odeon Theatre.

Other places of interest include the Byzantine Museum and the District Archaeological Museum, with its attractive collection of Cypriot antiquities from the Paphos area, dating from the Neolithic Age up to 1700 AD. Near the Odeon are the remains of the ancient city walls, the Roman Agora and a building dedicated to Asclepius , god of medicine. The mosaic floors of these elite villas dating from the 3rd to the 5th century are among the finest in the Eastern Mediterranean . They mainly depict scenes from Greek mythology . The city contains many catacomb sites dating back to the early Christian period . The most famous is Saint Solomoni Church, originally a Christian catacomb retaining some of its 12th century frescoes . A sacred tree at the entrance is believed to cure the ailments of those who hang a personal offering on its branches. A few miles outside the city, the rock of Aphrodite (Petra tou Romiou, "Stone of the Greek") emerges from the sea. According to legend, Aphrodite rose from the waves in this strikingly beautiful spot.

The Greek name, Petra tou Romiou is associated with the legendary frontier-guard of Byzantine times, Digenis Acritas , who kept the marauding Saracens at bay. It is said that to repel one attack he heaved a large rock (Petra), at his enemy. The site has recently seen the development of Aphrodite Hills resort. It features a five-star InterContinental Resort Hotel, an 18-hole golf course, tennis courts, fitness facilities, holiday villas, apartments, townhouses and the Retreat Spa. Aphrodite Hills appeared in the Forbes magazine 'top five resorts' list where it was voted the world's most desirable new resort. [7] Near Petra tou Romiou is Palaepaphos, Old Paphos, one of the most celebrated places of pilgrimage in the ancient Greek world, and once an ancient city kingdom of Cyprus. Here are the ruins of the Temple of Aphrodite, where the most ancient remains date back to the 12th century BC. The temple was one of the most important places of cult and pilgrimage of the ancient world, until the 3rd–4th centuries AD.

The museum, housed in the Lusignan Manor, is small but with many finds from the area. Yeroskipou with its remarkable five-domed Byzantine church of Ayia Paraskevi and its Folk Art Museum is a town in Paphos metropolitan area known for many years for its delight 'loukoumi'. North-east of Paphos lies Ayios Neophytos (St. Neophytos) Monastery, known for its `Encleistra' (Enclosure) carved out of the mountain by the hermit himself, which boasts some of the finest Byzantine frescoes of the 12th and 15th centuries. Nearby too is the painted village church of Emba (Empa). Four kilometres (2.5 miles) north of Paphos is the village of Lemba (Lempa), home to numerous artists, many of whom have open studio shops, the sculpture known as the Great Wall of Lempa by the Cypriot artist Stass Paraskos and the Cyprus College of Art .

Just off the coast of Paphos is the wreck of M/V Demetrios II which ran aground on 23 March 1998 in heavy seas, during a voyage from Greece to Syria with a cargo of timber. Similarly, on December 8, 20011, the EDRO III ran aground off the coast of Cyprus. It is located near the Sea Caves of Paphos on the western shore of the island close to the Akamas Peninsula. Built in the 1960s, registered in Freetown, Sierra Leone, the Edro III is owed by an Albanian shipping company. It was traveling from Limassol, Cyprus to Rhodes when it ran aground. It is still shipwrecked to this day, although its cargo and fuel oil were removed. Local authorities are hesitant to remove the ship from the rocks due to the fact that the coastline is a protected natural park where turtles nest and endemic plant and animal species thrive. Climate Paphos enjoys a subtropical - semi-arid climate ( Köppen : BSh), with the greatest amounts of precipitation mainly occurring from mid-November to March.

It almost never rains in the summer, (with an average of 0.1). In July and August, humidity measurements can go up to 85%. Snowfall occurs rarely, approximately every 10 years, and does not normally lead to any significant disruption. Snowfall does occur in the hills of Tsada , 6 km (4 miles) north, almost annually. The last significant snowfall in the city centre occurred in the winter of 2001. Heat waves in July and August are relatively common, when hot air masses from the Sahara desert drift over to Cyprus causing temperatures to rise. Cyprus has experienced drought-like conditions and the current trend of global warming may increase the severity of these conditions. [9] In the summer of 2008, Cyprus had to ship water by tanker from Greece to meet demand on the island. [10] However, since then, water conditions have eased due to good winter rains. Climate data for Paphos Source: Climate-Data.org, altitude: 74m [12] Transport Paphos was once the only traffic-free town in Cyprus. However, things changed after the urbanisation and rise of the population in less than ten years.

The problem is mainly in the town centre, where the roads of a small colonial village cannot do what they are made to do anymore. The problems mainly exist because some planned road links remain on paper. These include: 2nd part of the northern ring road Western ring road Paphos – Coral Bay road upgrade Public transport Public transport in Paphos is currently served only by buses. The bus company operating in the city is OSYPA LTD. Bus routes and timetables can be found here. [13] Motorways Paphos did not have a motorway link until 2001. It is now accessed through the A6 which connects Paphos with Limassol . The A7 motorway, from Paphos to Polis was expected to have been completed by 2013, however, work has not yet started due to the financial crisis in Cyprus. It is not known for sure when or if this road will be built. [16] Airport Since 1982, air traffic of Paphos is served by Paphos International Airport located 10 km (6 mi) southeast of the city, near Timi. It serves approximately 1.75 million people every year.

A new Terminal opened in late 2008 adjacent to the old one. Port The port today serves as a small marina and a fisherman shelter and has a capacity of 300 boats. It is probably the top tourist destination of the city with plenty of restaurants and cafés. The castle's square hosts Aphrodite festival every September since 1998. Cargo and cruise ships use the Limassol Port 60 km (37 mi) away. A marina is planned to be constructed 10 km (6 mi) north, next to Coral Bay in Kissonerga . The new marina will serve up to 1,000 boats. [18] Hospitals and medical centres Paphos has only one general hospital, located at Anavargos, 3 km (2 mi) northeast of the city centre. It was built to replace the old hospital, which was an old dangerous building that was demolished shortly after being abandoned. Now it is a modern medical centre. Thoughts are made to be turned into a university hospital, when Neapolis University will open. There are also several private clinics spread all over the urban area.

Education The Paphos municipality has 38 primary state schools , 8 secondary state schools (known as gymnasiums and lyceums ), 4 privately run English schools and one privately run Russian school. Higher education The town of Paphos has one higher education institute that started accepting students in June 2010. The university offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programmes and consists of 4 schools. Arts Paphos is well known for its cultural and historical interest, including the Tomb of the Kings, Mosaics, Castle and numerous Churches, however it is also popular for its festivals and annual events. During September, Paphos holds an annual Opera, Paphos Aphrodite Festival in the open air at the harbour. The Castle provides an unusual backdrop and stage for the performance. En Plo also plays an important role, providing the facilities for this event. At other times of the year, En Plo will play host to numerous art exhibition and craft fairs. Another annual event is Open Studios Cyprus. Taking place during selected weekends in October; selected artists open their studio doors to the general public, providing an informal environment to view and discuss the work with the artist.

This event is endorsed by the Cyprus Department of Education & Culture, Cultural Services, the Cyprus Tourist Organization and UNWTO In addition to Open Studios Cyprus, there are a number of privately owned galleries and exhibition spaces. Details and dates for the regular events can always be found in the local English newspapers, such as Cyprus Weekly and Cyprus Monthly. Maintained by the Paphos Municipality, is the popular exhibition and conference space, Palia Ilektriki. In the centre of the town, this converted electricity building plays host to both conferences and exhibitions throughout the year. In 2009, 2010 and 2011 Open Studios Cyprus, used this location to launch the event with an Opening Art Exhibition. Visitors were able to meet some of the participating artists, view an example of their work whilst enjoying a glass of the local wine. Popular for its local wines, Paphos has a number of wineries, including SODAP and Sterna Winery. Visitors are always welcome at these venues to sample the local wines they have on offer.

2014 British independent film Katherine of Alexandria , starring Peter O'Toole , was partially shot in and around Paphos and Akamas In 2012, Paphos won the title as European Capital of Culture 2017, under the Executive Direction of Ektor Tsatsoulis and the Artistic Director Spyros Pisinos. Sports Paphos has a long history in sports, with several football, basketball, volleyball teams. The Pafian gymnastic club is called Korivos, and it owns (via the Cyprus Athletic Organisation) the local stadium which is called Pafiako and the arena for volley and basket venues called Aphroditi . The most successful team of Paphos is the volleyball club, Pafiakos, who have been Champions of Cyprus three times (the last in 2006). Dionysos, a volleyball team from Stroumpi (a village of Paphos), plays in the First Division as well. Both teams use the indoor Aphrodite arena. The football club in Paphos is called AEP Paphos . The team was founded in 2000 and is currently in the Cypriot First Division .

The team plays in Pafiako Stadium, while they train in other grounds located in Yeroskipou . In 2006, the second Commonwealth Tenpin Bowling Championships were held in Paphos. Probably the most successful Paphian athlete of recent times was Stylianos Kyriakides ( Greek : Στυλιανός Κυριακίδης; 1910–1987), a marathon runner from Statos. He won the 1946 Boston Marathon. According to a newspaper report, he was running with John Kelley near the end, when an old man shouted from the crowd, "For Greece, for your children!", inspiring him to pull away and win the race. Paphos was home to Turkish Cypriot sport team Baf Ülkü Yurdu . After the intercommunal conflict and Turkish ınvasion Baf Ülkü Yurdu left the city and based in Morphou . Notable people

Question: In Greek mythology, who was the King of Cyprus who fell in love with an ivory statue of a woman he carved?
Answer: PYGMALION