Doom HD Texture Pack - YouRepeat Add our chrome extension to repeat YouTube videos at the click of a button Doom HD Texture Pack Choose your time range using the slider. Start: Use this link to share your repeat GIF Creation Settings Separate tags with commas or press enter (max 5 tags) Quick GIF Create Doom Mod: The Golden Souls Doom Doom is a 1993 science fiction horror-themed first-person shooter video game by id Software. It is considered one of the most significant and influential titles in the video game industry, for having ushered in the popularity of the first-person shooter genre. The original game is divided into three nine-level episodes and distributed via shareware and mail order. The Ultimate Doom, an updated release of the original game featuring a fourth episode, was released in 1995 and sold at retail. In Doom, players assume the role of a space marine, who became popularly known as "Doomguy", fighting their way through hordes of invading demons from Hell. With one third of the game, nine levels, distributed as shareware, Doom was played by an estimated 10 million people within two years of its release, popularizing the mode of gameplay and spawning a gaming subculture.

In addition to popularizing the FPS genre, it pioneered immersive 3D graphics, networked multiplayer gaming, and support for customized additions and modifications via packaged files in a data archive known as "WADs". As a sign of its effect on the industry, first-person shooter games from the genre's boom in the 1990s, helped in no less part by the game's release, became known simply as "Doom clones". Its graphic violence, as well as its satanic imagery, made it the subject of controversy. Developer: id Software Genre: Action game , Science Fiction Doom II: Hell on Earth Doom II: Hell on Earth is an award winning first-person shooter video game and the second title of id Software's Doom franchise. It was originally released for MS-DOS computers in 1994 and Macintosh computers in 1995. The Macintosh version was developed in Austin, Texas by developers such as Brett Butler. Unlike Doom which was initially only available through shareware and mail order, Doom II was a commercial release sold in stores. Master Levels for Doom II, an expansion pack that includes 21 new levels, was released on December 26, 1995 by id Software.

Due to its popularity and success, Doom II was later released for the Game Boy Advance in 2002, the Tapwave Zodiac in 2004, and on Xbox Live Arcade in 2010. The release of the original Doom source code has facilitated ports to many other platforms, including the Apple iPod, and several types of cellphones. On August 13, during the QuakeCon 2009 media conference, it was announced that Doom II would be ported to Xbox Live Arcade, and was released in May the following year. Developer: id Software First-Person Shooter - FMMC0282 First-Person Shooter Jump to: navigation , search Counter Strike: Source (2004) The First-Person Shooter (FPS) is a genre of video game defined by a first-person perspective and the use of guns, tools and other projectile-firing items to interact with the world. The genre is made up of many sub-genres, many of which feature adversarial themes. The first-person perspective gives the player the same field of vision and line of sight as his/her controlled character.

Because of the first-person perspective, First-Person Shooters have been naturally suited for the use 3D graphics. In addition, their perspective lends well to senses of immersion due to the similarity in experience between the player and the character. Many First-Person Shooters feature multiplayer game modes in both co-operative and adversarial forms. In recent years, FPS games have enjoyed substantial commercial success alongside critical acclaim and positive community reception. Contents History Doom (1993) The modern form of the First-Person Shooter owes itself to the 1992 PC game, Wolfenstein 3d , developed by id Software . Wolfenstein 3d featured 3d environments and enemy models represented as 2d sprites. [1] The game is set in a Nazi castle during World War II, in which the player has to fight off Nazis in order to escape. The game was praised for its freely explorable environments, fast-paced action and advanced 3d graphics. It was a departure from the previously held side-scrolling shooter paradigm. Its longevity was increased by its easily modifiable content, which players used to design their own levels to create an experience beyond that envisioned by the developers.

Half-Life (1998) id Software followed up Wolfenstein 3d with the next landmark in First-Person shooter games with Doom in 1993. Doom is a science-fiction horror game in which the player takes control of the lone survivor of an accident involving an opened portal to hell. Improved lighting, a wide variety of guns (including the BFG), sophisticated lighting, networked multiplayer capabilities, and improved tools for player customization made Doom a huge success. Doom's influence ushered in a long line of so-called "Doom clones." [2] Many consider Doom to be the most influential First-Person shooter to this day. [1] Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare (2007) In 1998, Valve Corporation released Half-life , another science-fiction game notable for its strong narrative elements and realistic gameplay. With an engine heavily influenced by the work of id Software's John Carmack , Half-Life made the First-Person Shooter genre a viable platform for storytelling in video games. It also introduced the first instance of friendly non-player characters.

From Half-Life spawned many important community mods, including Counter Strike , Team Fortress and Day of Defeat , furthering the tradition of player development options in the genre. [3] First-Person shooters eventually made a shift to the home console in games like GoldenEye 007 and Perfect Dark for the Nintendo 64. These important titles led the way for the immense success the genre has enjoyed on consoles in recent years, most notably the Halo and Call of Duty AAA franchises. Some critics [4] believe that the annual releases of Call of Duty games have exhausted the once powerful FPS model. Recently the IP from Respawn Entertainment Titanfall (2014) has successfully synthesized existing mechanics to the genre such as freerunning, mech combat, and NPC combatants in multiplayer matches. Titanfall is hailed as the key formula to developing the next-generation FPS games with innovative materials. The wide commercial success of the first-person shooter genre has led it to become a community favorite and several of these games have enjoyed time in the MLG Pro Circuit . These games include Call of Duty: Black Ops 2 , Halo 3 , and Call of Duty: Ghosts - which have been featured as some of the marquee events internationally.

Mechanics Common mechanics of the First-Person Shooter include a fixed, first-person perspective, a variety of guns, ammunition management, health management, movement and aim. The player is usually given a wide array of weapons to fight or solve puzzles with, though only one or two may be used at a time. Many guns consume ammunition and additional ammunition must be found in the environment. A common control scheme has one set of inputs that influence the movement of the avatar's body, while another controls where the avatar is currently looking or aiming at. In many games, the aim of the player must change based on the currently held gun. For example, when using a grenade launcher, the player must take into account gravity's effect on the projectile. Movement, too, is an important aspect as the player is oftentimes faced with similarly armed adversaries, making running and hiding behind cover a necessity. At the competitive level, aim and reflexes are of paramount importance. Types Military Military games feature a military theme, either in the past or present. Many have an emphasis on team play in a war setting with human beings being the primary enemy.

Pacing varies wildly with games like Call of Duty allowing a fast-paced run and gun playstyle while other games, such as America's Army , are much slower and deliberate. Science Fiction Halo: Combat Evolved Science Fiction games are largely similar to military shooters, but are thematically based in a science-fiction universe. These games, like Doom, Half-Life, and Halo, usually feature monstrous enemies and technologically advanced weapons that may or may not be possible in real life. These games are usually fast-paced and may include horror elements as seen in Doom 3 . Puzzle Bubble Shooter Puzzle games feature a first-person perspective and a gun-like tool to solve puzzles. A notable example is Portal , in which there is no combat, but the player must solve various puzzles using a gun that shoots two portals, linked to each other. Many games, like the Half-Life series, include combative and puzzle solving elements. In addition to the major platform puzzle shooters, there are arcade puzzle shooters, such as Bubble Shooter , which also falls under the Marble Popper genre. This single-player was originally designed for arcade style gameplay, but has recently been adapted to iOS, Android, MAC OS, Flash, Palm OS, and Pocket PC platforms.

Arena Animation of Quake 3 gameplay Arena shooters are designed for primarily multiplayer competitive play. One of the most notable of arena shooters is Quake 3 , developed by id Software. Arena shooters are characterized by fast-paced play, avatars that can jump and move significantly faster and higher than in real life, high health levels, physics based play, and a complete lack of narrative. These games usually pit individuals or teams against each other in small arenas to fight in a "deathmatch" with the winner being the one with the most points, oftentimes determined by kills. Arena shooters have enjoyed success in E-sports , as they lend well to fair, skill-based, competitive gameplay. Success The Call of Duty franchise is widely regarded as the most valuable franchise in entertainment. With its latest release Call of Duty: Ghosts exceeding $1 billion in sales after just its first day on the market. [5] Release DEVELOPMENT OF FIRST PERSON SHOOTER GAMES DEVELOPMENT OF FIRST PERSON SHOOTER GAMES Published: Last Edited: 23rd March, 2015 This essay has been submitted by a student. This is not an example of the work written by our professional essay writers.

First-person shooter (FPS) is a video game that shows the game play around gun and projectile weapon-based combat in the perspective of main person. The player experiences the action via the protagonist eye view. In general, the first-person shooter shares common characters along with some other shooter games. From the genre's inception, advanced 3D graphics elements have challenged the hardware development, also the multiplayer gaming has been integral. First-person shooters are a type of 3D shooter game, featuring a first person point of view with which the player sees the action through the eyes of the player character. Usually, a player goes through a series of levels. The best examples are Halo series, the Left 4 Dead and Half-Life series, and Golden Eye: 007. General: There are many different types of PC games in the market today. From the flight simulators to a real-time strategy, all the varieties have created niche markets amongst several computer gamers. First-Person Shooter is one of the swiftly growing game-types. Over-the-shoulder shooter games other game names which are based upon relatively premises comes under First-Person Shooter as a subcategory. We can see through the eyes of main character. The goal will be very simple for such games.

However, reducing the genre to simplistic elements fails to appreciate the reasons that these games are so popular. First-person shooters implements latest technology and lead the industry. Later it provided support for multi-player gaming, also generated praise and condemnation. As we all know that the action games are fun-packed and thrilling thus become very popular. In this game, we need to use weapons, reflexes and special moves in order to beat the opponents and move ahead in the game. There are many types of shooter games. Content Analysis: In recent years, violent video games have become very popular. Every player creates their individual game content depending on the user s decisions and actions in a game. Individual game content concepts are essential for the evaluation of potential effects of media usage on cognitions, affects, and behavior. This study analyses the individually generated content with high temporal resolution. Continuous heart rate, skin conductance are associated with game content, which distinguishes the different game playing phases and transitions. In both intra-player and inter-player levels, Playing phases and transitions between playing phases are analyzed. History: The First-Person Shooters were evolved since 1970 s. Maze War and Spasim were started in 1973. However, the completion date is unknown.

Later in 1974, University of Illinois was developed which was a rudimentary space flight simulator, and also first-person perspective. Detailed combat flight simulators and tank simulator development were influenced from Spasim. In 1980, Battlezone was released which is a tank game. First-person viewpoint and 3D graphics were successfully launched in 1983 for home computers In 1987, MIDI Maze was released which was an early first-person shooter. Through the MIDI interface it used to network multiplayer games before Ethernet and Internet was introduced. In 1991, Id Software's Hovertank 3D developed ray casting knowledge to enable faster gameplay for vehicle simulators. Later advanced texture mapping was introduced though Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss. In 1992, role-playing game by Looking Glass Technologies introduced first person viewpoint and an advanced graphics engine. Due to violence associated with the First person shooters, they sometimes attract the negative attention of parents and censorship. They are liked by some and hated by others. However, now the First person shooters have evolved to be more than just mindless violence. The first FPS is Wolfenstein which was released in 1992 by id software.

He Introduced super graphics, high quality sound, and unique playing styles and remained popular. In 1993, Doom was released by id software which was a big turning point in the First person shooters history. It was more powerful and advanced than Wildenstein, as it has a much larger weapons variety. One of its main selling points was its ability to stage multiplayer games. Due to Doom s success, id software has literally become the king of FPS game developers. In 1995, Star Wars were made into a FPS- Dark Forces by LucasArts. It is inspired by the movie, Star Wars. Later in 1996, RPG/FPS named Dagger fall was released by Bethesda Soft works. During this period, even the other genres are merged with FPS. One could fight enemies with swords, ride horses, join guilds, buy houses, burglarize shops, and even become a devil. In 1996, ID Software released Quake which was the first FPS to move from 2-dimensional pop-up enemies to fully 3-dimensional models. The gamers require 3D accelerator cards for high performance to play this game.

In 1997, its sequel was released as Quake 2, which won much acclaim from both the gamers and critics. Golden Eye 007 which was one of the most popular console FPSs of all time was released in 1997 influenced from the movie of the same name. In 1998, the game Half-Life was released by Valve. It changed the gaming world by making its place as the greatest in the FP shooter. Amazing graphics, highly artificial environment, and a playing style influenced by movie. Thief: The Dark Project was released in the same year which emphasizes on stealth element. In 2000, Monolith Productions released "No One Lives Forever". In 2001, Halo for Xbox was released by Bungie Studios. The story is futuristic and involves Master Chief fighting an alien cult and zombies in marine. In 2004, an incredibly cinematic Doom 3 was launched with the story based on mars. Later in 2004, Half-Life 2 was released which was considered as the greatest first person shooter ever. It features includes highly advanced graphics, amazing physics engine, and a super artificial intelligence.

The complete history of First person shooters in brief above shows how the First person shooters have continued to push the sheath of graphics, sound, and game play. In the past decade, FPS achieved new heights. Making the gaming experience much more cinematic and realistic, First person shooters immerse the player into a completely new fascinating world. Difference between First Person Shooters and Third Person Shooters Due to crossover of features and other recent overlaps, differences between First person shooters and third person shooters continues to exist some confusion. One of the most basic differences is the character s perspective. In a FP shooters game, the player is the main character; and his viewpoint is through his own eyes. He will not be able to see himself, however, can view the surroundings. In FP shooters, you almost blow up everything you see. Hands and weapons can be seen at the bottom of the screen as the action is taking place through the eyes of the character. However, in third person shooter game, the main character can see himself on the screen. In Third-person shooters game, the surrounding environment was more clearly visible to the players. It helps the player to be more interactive with the surrounding environment.

The main difference, between FP Shooters and Third Person Shooters, is the player perception in interacting with objects is more optimal. As the Third Person Shooter can see himself in the middle of the action, he can usually do some really kick-butt maneuvers like Jackie Chan style back flips and side rolls. That is the reason, the game designer is allowed to create more strongly characterized avatar, and directs the player's attention as if watching a film. The boundaries between FP Shooters and Third-Person Shooters are not always clear. While the main character is driving a vehicle, many FPS games switch to a third-person viewpoint. In many other games like- Metroid Prime and Combat, the combination of first-person for aiming and third-person for driving has been used. Technology Advanced technology and Internet has led to the development of a number of multiplayer First person shooters. Multiplayer FP Shooter games online allows you to interact with players from all around the world and enjoy the FPS games online with them. You can even make teams online so as to kill the enemies easily. One of the most popular FP Shooter games online is Counter Strike is.

In Counter Strike, you can interact with team partners so as to form the strategy on the selection of the weapons, decide the location and then fight enemies. Some FPS games focus on the storyline too, beside the action. Experiencing a different kind of world, you need to find clues and kill enemies silently so as to move ahead in the game. Half-Life is one such game. As a group, first-person shooters tend to be driving forces in accelerating the development of computer software and hardware. Other types of games are now trying to keep up, but FPSs have a clear lead in the technology race. The rise of the 3D graphics accelerator cannot be accredited to business applications; it is rooted firmly in computer games. It could be argued that 3Dfx, the company that created the Voodoo chipset used by several graphics cards, owes much of its success to GL Quake. A short list few FPS games: Zero Tolerance (Raycaster) Unreal Tournament 2004 (3D). Some popular first person shooter games description Maze war developer Steve colley, Platform; mlac PDS-1, Mac, NeXT Computer, PalmOS, Xerox Star. Release date on -INT 1974.

Genre- First person shooter. Model-Single player, multiplayer Maze War (also known as The Maze Game, Maze Wars, Maze war, or simply Maze) is a historically significant video game. Maze War originated or disseminated a number of concepts used in thousands of games to follow, and is considered one of the earliest, if not the earliest, examples of a first person shooter. By later standards, gameplay has become simple. Characters in the game roam in a maze, and also capable of moving right or left, backward or forwards and entering through the doors. Other characters are represented as eyeballs. They are able to shoot each other, when a character sees another character. By shooting other players, the main player will get the points for, and if he is shot he will be lost in the game. Occasionally, a duck also appears in the passage in some versions. At that time, this is a great standard for network games. Maze war game. Wolfenstein 3D Wolfenstein 3D: Rise in popularity: 1992 1995 Generally, video game named Wolfenstein 3D is regarded as popular first-person shooter genre on the PC.

Also, created the basic archetype which is subsequent games of same genre. It was published by Apogee Software and created by id Software. It was inspired by the 1980s Muse Software computer games Castle Wolfenstein and Beyond Castle Wolfenstein and released on May 5, 1992. The protagonist who is an American soldier, William "B.J." in Wolfenstein 3D. While escaping from the Nazi stronghold of Castle Wolfenstein, Blazkowicz comes across many armed guards and attack dogs. The building consists of many hidden rooms with various food supplies, treasures, and medical kits, also three different guns and ammunition. GAME CHARACTER OF Blazkowicz in Wolfenstein 3D Details of the character Height: 6 ft, 4Weight: 210 lbs, Pros: Killed Hitler, Deployed at least 14 times Super Muscular When he's not busy killing Nazis he goes kill more Nazis, His grandson is Commander Keen, Can heal himself by eating a Hot Meal GAME PLAY of Wolfenstein 3D Each episode has ten missions (levels) which are supposed to be completed level wise. Entrance to the tenth which is a secret one can be found in the eighth level.

However, we are supposed to complete only nine levels. The third episode which is a secret level can be identified in which one of the original Pac-Man levels, complete with ghosts, seen by the player from Pac-Man's perspective was recreated. ExMx map/level naming convention was first used in Wolfenstein 3D. In order to complete the episode, all the bosses need to be killed in each level. Boss enemies are drawn from one angle instead of eight unlike normal enemies. So the player cannot take them by surprise or sneak up on them. Also, they always face the player, in the first encounter. Until they see the player, bosses will not become active. A death cam (which is a replay of death) will be shown after the death of every boss. The early concept of the game included some innovative stealth concepts dragging dead bodies, swapping uniforms with fallen guards, silent attacks, etc., like in the earlier Wolfenstein games, which focused more on stealth than action. These ideas were dropped however, since they drastically slowed the game down and made the controls complicated.

In game screen shot of wolfenstein 3d In game screen shot of wolfenstein 3d Halo: History of halo: Nothing says that you are a saint like having a bright halo over your head. The bright circle located at apex of the savior and the noodle of Catholic saints. Most of them lived nothing like is one of the most iconic symbols in Christendom. That is the reason; it could come as an astounding thing to learn many other icons related to Christendom. Halo was actually stolen from pagans and other religions. In ancient drawings in deities from Indian, Greek and Roman culture, a nebulous nimbus of luminosity was discovered on cave paintings. In ancient times, kings used to like to be portrayed with celestial crowns. The sole purpose is to establish special relationship with their particular gods who lives somewhere up in the sky. Halo is a video game franchise related to science fiction published by Microsoft Game Studios and created by Bungie. Main trilogy of the game centers experiences the Master Chief, an enhanced human super-soldier, and AI companion. The trilogy of video games was praised as being among the best first-person shooters on video game console. It is also considered as the Microsoft Xbox's "killer app".

It leads to the term "Halo killer". As a developer Ensemble Studios' last project, Halo games was launched into other video game genres, including Halo Wars which is a real-time strategy game. For the expansion of Halo 3: ODST and a prequel Halo: Reach, even the Bungie also contributed. Concept arts of Halo game. Screen shots of game halo HALFLIFE2 Half-Life 2 is a science fiction FP shooter game and sequel to the highly acclaimed Half-Life. It was developed by Valve Corporation and was released on Nov 16th 2004. The game uses the Source game engine, which includes a heavily modified version of the Havok physics engine. It is also known as the first video game to require online product activation. Later it was ported to Xbox and Mac OS X. It is a part of Orange Box compilation for PS 3 video game consoles and Xbox 360. Half-Life 2 takes place in a dystopian world in which the events of Half-Life have fully come to bear on human society, which has been enslaved by a multidimensional empire known as the Combine.

Gameplay of Half life 2; Half-Life 2 is a FP shooter, following relative mechanics from its predecessor, Half-Life. At the bottom of the screen we can see the player's health, energy, and ammunition status. Also, we can view the available weapons while toggling between screens. By picking up medical supplies and energy cells, the player can replenish his health and energy. Throughout the game we can see the puzzles and sequences involving vehicles. The player defeats his enemies with varied assortment of hand weapons. The modern-day projectile weapons like shotgun, pistol, submachine gun etc, are used. Also, more elaborate, fictional weapons like crossbow (shoots hot metal rods), a pulse rifle (disintegrate enemies on contact) are available. Some screen shots and game views of Half life 2 Conclusion: First person shooters are new phase in gaming world. With their advanced technology and sophisticated environment, FP Shooters gives a player thrilling experience. In every aspect it offers a great excitement with fast pace while playing. They give you the complete freedom to configure everything just the way you want it.

First-person shooter | Xbox Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia [ show ] Definition First-person shooters are a type of 3D shooter game , [4] featuring a first person point of view with which the player sees the action through the eyes of the player character . The primary design element is combat, mainly involving firearms. [5] First person shooters may be considered a distinct genre in itself, or a type of shooter game, in turn a subgenre of the wider action game genre. [6] Following the release of the influential Doom in 1993, games in this style were commonly termed "Doom clones"; [7] [8] in time this term has largely been replaced by "first person shooter". [8] Wolfenstein 3D, released in 1992, the year before Doom, is generally credited with inventing the genre, but critics have since identified similar though less advanced games completed as far back as 1974. [5] There is sometimes disagreement regarding exactly what design elements constitute a first-person shooter: for example, Deus Ex is sometimes considered a first person shooter, but may also be considered a role-playing game as it borrows from this genre extensively.

[9] Some commentators may extend the definition obliquely to include combat flight simulators , as opposed to characters on foot. [1] [5] Game design Like most shooter games, first person shooters involve an avatar , one or more ranged weapons , and a varying number of enemies. [6] Because they take place in a 3D environment, these games tend to be somewhat more realistic than 2D shooter games, and have more accurate representations of gravity, lighting, sound and collisions. [4] First person shooters played on personal computers are controlled with a combination of a keyboard and mouse . This system is often considered superior to that found in console games, [10] [11] which frequently use two analog sticks , one used for running and sidestepping, the other for looking and aiming. [12] It is common to display the character's hands and weaponry in the main view, with a head up display showing health, ammunition and location details. Often, it is possible to overlay a map of the surrounding area. [13] Combat and power-ups First person shooters often feature graphic, gory violence.

First person shooters often focus on action gameplay, with fast-paced and bloody firefights, though some place a greater emphasis on narrative, problem-solving and logic puzzles. [14] In addition to shooting, melee combat may still be used extensively. In some games, melee weapons are especially powerful, a reward for the risk the player must take in maneuvering his character into close proximity to the enemy. [15] In other situations, a melee weapon may be less effective, but necessary as a last resort. [16] Tactical shooters ," are more realistic, and require teamwork and strategy to succeed; [12] the player often commands a squad of characters, which may be controlled by the game or by human teammates. [17] These games typically give players a choice of weapons, which have a large impact on how the player will play the game. [4] Some have highly realistic models of real weapons, including their rate of fire, size of ammunition, and accuracy. However, they may allow players to carry many of them at the same time, with no reduction in speed or mobility. Thus, the standards of realism varies between design elements.

[4] The protagonist can generally be healed and re-armed by means of items such as first aid kits , simply by walking over them. [18] Some games allow players to accumulate experience points similar to those found in role-playing games, which can unlock new weapons and abilities. [19] Level design First person shooters may be structurally composed of levels , or use the technique of a continuous narrative in which the game never leaves the first person perspective. [1] Others feature large sandbox environments, which are not divided into levels and can be explored freely. [20] In first person shooters, protagonists interact with the environment to varying degrees, from basics such as using doors, to problem solving puzzles based on a variety of interactive objects. [1] The environment can be damaged, also to varying degrees: one common device is the use of barrels containing explosive material which the player can shoot, destroying them and harming nearby enemies. [18] Other games feature environments which are extensively destructible, allowing for additional visual effects. [21] The game world will often make use of science fiction, historic (particularly World War II ) or modern military themes, with such antagonists as aliens , monsters , terrorists and soldiers of various types.

[22] Games feature multiple difficulty settings; in harder modes, enemies are tougher, more aggressive and do more damage, and power-ups are limited. In easier modes, the player can succeed through reaction times alone; on more difficult settings, it is necessary to memorize the levels through trial and error. [23] Later first person shooters utilize the internet for multiplayer features, but local area networks were more commonly used in early games. Multiplayer First person shooters may feature a multiplayer mode, taking place on specialized levels. Some games are designed specifically for multiplayer gaming, and have very limited single player modes in which the player competes against game-controlled characters termed "bots". [24] Massively multiplayer online first-person shooters allow thousands of players to compete at once in a persistent world . [25] Large scale multiplayer games allow multiple squads, with leaders issuing commands and a commander controlling the team's overall strategy. [24] Multiplayer games have a variety of different styles of match.

The classic types are the deathmatch (there is also a team-based version) in which players score points by killing other players' characters, and capture the flag , in which teams attempt to penetrate the opposing base, capture a flag and return it to their own base whilst preventing the other team from doing the same. Other game modes may involve attempting to capture enemy bases or areas of the map, attempting to take hold of an object for as long as possible while evading other players, or deathmatch variations involving limited lives or in which players fight over a particularly potent power-up . These match types may also be customizable, allowing the players to vary weapons, health and power-ups found on the map, as well as victory criteria. [26] Games may allow players to choose between various classes , each with its own strengths, weaknesses, equipment and roles within a team. [16] History Early first person shooters: 1970s and 1980s Before the popularity of first person shooters, the first person viewpoint was used in vehicle simulation games such as Battlezone. The earliest two documented first-person shooters were Maze War and Spasim . Maze War features on-foot gameplay that evokes modern first-person shooter games.

Development of the game began in 1973 and its exact date of completion, as well as release details, are unknown. Spasim had a documented debut at the University of Illinois in 1974. The game was a rudimentary space flight simulator , which featured a first-person perspective. [5] Spasim led to more detailed combat flight simulators and eventually to a tank simulator , developed for the U.S. army , in the later 1970s. These games were not available to consumers and it was not until 1980 that a tank game, Battlezone , was released in arcades . A version was released in 1983 for home computers, the first successful mass-market game featuring a first-person viewpoint and 3D graphics. [27] MIDI Maze was an early first-person shooter released in 1987 for the Atari ST . It was unique in featuring network multiplayer through the MIDI interface long before mainstream Ethernet and Internet play became commonplace. It is considered the first multiplayer 3D shooter on a mainstream system and the first major network multiplayer action game, with support for as many as 16 players.

It was followed up by ports to various platforms in 1991 under the title Faceball 2000, including the Game Boy and Super NES , making it possibly the first handheld and multiplatform first-person shooter and an early console example of the genre. [28] Id Software released Hovertank 3D in 1991, which pioneered ray casting technology to enable faster gameplay than 1980s vehicle simulators. Later developers added texture mapping with Ultima Underworld: The Stygian Abyss (by Looking Glass Technologies ), a role-playing game featuring a first person viewpoint and an advanced graphics engine, released in 1992. During development, this led to Catacomb 3-D which was actually released first, in late 1991, and introduced the display of the protagonist's hand and weapon (magical spells) on the screen. [27] Rise in popularity: 1992–1995 Wolfenstein 3D (created by id Software and released in 1992) was an instant success and is generally credited with inventing the first person shooter genre proper.

[1] [5] It built on the ray casting technology pioneered in earlier games to create a revolutionary template for shooter game design, which first person shooters are still based upon today. [1] [5] [14] Despite the violent themes, it largely escaped the controversy generated by the later Doom , although it was banned in Germany due to the use of Nazi iconography ; [29] the Nintendo version replaced the enemy attack dogs with giant rats . [30] Apogee Software , the publisher of Wolfenstein 3D, followed up its success with Blake Stone: Aliens of Gold in 1993. The game was initially well received but sales rapidly declined in the wake of the success of id's Doom, released a week later. [31] Although it was not the earliest shooter game with a first person perspective, Wolfenstein 3D is often credited with establishing the first-person shooter genre.

Doom, released as shareware in 1993, [14] refined Wolfenstein 3D's template by adding improved textures, variations in height (such as stairs the player's character could climb) and lighting effects such as flickering lights and patches of total darkness, creating a more believable 3D environment than Wolfensteins 3D's repetitive levels. [32] Doom allowed competitive matches between multiple players, termed "deathmatches" , and the game was responsible for the word's subsequent entry into the video gaming lexicon. [32] The game become so popular that its multiplayer features began to cause problems for companies whose networks were used to play the game. [14] [32] Doom has been considered the most important first person shooter ever made: it was highly influential not only on subsequent shooter games but on video gaming in general, [32] and has been available on almost every video gaming system since. [14] Multiplayer gaming, which is now integral to the first person shooter genre, was first achieved successfully on a large scale with Doom.

[1] [32] While its combination of gory violence, dark humor and hellish imagery garnered acclaim from critics, [32] [33] these attributes also generated controversy from religious groups, with other commentators labelling the game a "murder simulator." [34] There was further controversy when it emerged that the perpetrators of the Columbine High School massacre were fans of the game; the families of several victims later unsuccessfully attempted to sue id Software, among numerous other video game companies, claiming they inspired the massacre. [29] Star Wars: Dark Forces was released in 1995 after LucasArts decided Star Wars would make appropriate material for a game in the style of Doom; however, Star Wars: Dark Forces added several technical features that Doom lacked, such as the ability to crouch or look up and down. [7] [14] [35] Descent , (released by Parallax Software in 1995) a game in which the player pilots a spacecraft around caves and factory ducts, was the first truly three dimensional first person shooter. It abandoned sprites and ray casting and introduced polygons and six degrees of freedom .

[1] [14] Apogee's Duke Nukem 3D , released in 1996, was the last successful sprite-based first person shooter, winning acclaim for its humor based around stylised machismo as well as its gameplay; however some found the game's (and later the whole series') treatment of women to be derogatory and tasteless. [14] [29] [36] Arrival of 3D graphics: 1996–1999 Shortly after the release of Duke Nukem 3D, id Software released the much anticipated Quake , which used 3D polygons instead of sprites. Like Doom, Quake was influential and genre-defining, featuring fast paced, gory gameplay. It was centered around online gaming and featured multiple match types still found in first person shooter games today. It was the first game to have a following of clans , attracted increased modification and expanded the market for video card hardware. [1] [14] [37] Science fiction settings with alien antagonists are common themes in first person shooters; this game features 3D graphics rather than the sprites found in earlier games, such as Doom.

Console first person shooters can be traced to MIDI Maze for SNES (1992) as well as the SNES port of Wolfenstein 3D (1993), but the graphics were notably lacking according to the power of the platform. Template:Failed verification The first landmark, best-selling console first-person shooter was Rare's GoldenEye 007 , based on the James Bond film and released on the Nintendo 64 in 1997. Highly acclaimed for its atmospheric single-player levels and well designed multiplayer maps, it featured the ability to aim at a precise spot on the screen, a sniper rifle , the ability to perform headshots , and the incorporation of stealth elements. [1] [14] [38] [39] Released in 1998, Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six started a popular trend of tactical first person shooters, though it was not the first of its kind. It featured a team-based, realistic design and themes based around counter-terrorism , requiring missions to be planned before execution and in it, a single hit was enough to kill a character.

[17] [40] 1999s well designed Medal of Honor started a long running proliferation of first person shooters set during World War II. [14] Valve's Half-Life was released in 1998. Initially met with only mild anticipation, it went on to become an unprecedented commercial success. [14] [41] While previous first person shooters had focused on visceral gameplay with comparatively weak plots, Half-Life had a strong narrative; the game featured no cut scenes but remained in the first person perspective at all times. It featured innovations such as non-enemy characters but did not employ power-ups . [1] Half-Life was acclaimed for its artificial intelligence , set of weapons and attention to detail and, along with its sequel Half-Life 2 (released in 2004), is consistently reviewed as one of finest examples of the genre. [42] Starsiege: Tribes , also released in 1998, was a multiplayer online shooter allowing more than 32 players in a single match. It featured team-based gameplay with a variety of specialized roles, and an unusual jet pack feature. The game was highly popular and later imitated by games such as the Battlefield series.

[1] [2] Id's Quake III Arena and Epic's Unreal Tournament , both released in 1999, were popular for their frenetic and accessible online multiplayer modes; both featured very limited single player gameplay. [14] Counter-Strike was also released in 1999, a Half-Life modification with a counter-terrorism theme. The game and later versions (the latest being Counter Strike: Source , released in 2004) went on to become by far the most popular multiplayer first person shooters. [14] Recent milestones: 2000–present At the E3 game show in 1999, Bungie unveiled a real-time strategy game called Halo ; at the following E3, an overhauled 3rd person shooter version was displayed. Later in 2000 Bungie was bought by Microsoft , and Halo was revamped and released as a first person shooter, one of the launch titles for the Xbox console. It was a runaway critical and commercial success, and is considered a premier console first person shooter. It featured narrative and level design inspired by Half-Life and also received acclaim for its characters, both the protagonist, Master Chief and its alien antagonists .

The sequel, Halo 2 (2004), brought the popularity of online-gaming to the console market through the medium of Xbox Live , on which it was the most played game for almost two years. [14] Deus Ex , released by Ion Storm in 2000, featured a levelling system similar to that found in role-playing games; it also had multiple narratives depending on how the player completed missions and won acclaim for its serious, artistic style. [14] Metroid Prime , released in 2002 for the Nintendo GameCube , another highly praised console first person shooter, incorporated action adventure elements such as jumping puzzles and built on the Metroid series of 2D platformers . [14] Battlefield 1942 , a World War II shooter released in 2002, featured large scale battles and allowed players to use vehicles such as airplanes and tanks. [14] In 2003, Planetside allowed hundreds of players at once to compete in a persistent world, and was promoted as the world's first massively multiplayer online first person shooter.

[25] Doom 3 , released in 2004, placed a greater emphasis on horror and frightening the player than previous games in the series and was a critically acclaimed best seller, [43] [44] though some commentators felt it lacked gameplay substance and innovation, putting too much emphasis on impressive graphics. [9] In 2005, a film based on Doom emulated the viewpoint and action of a first person shooter, but was critically derided as deliberately unintelligent and gratuitously violent. [45] Bioshock was acclaimed by some commentators as the best game of 2007 for its artistry, narrative and innovation. [46] [47] [48] Crysis (2007) and Far Cry 2 (2008) broke new ground in terms of graphics and large, open-ended level design, [14] [49] whereas Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare (2007), Resistance: Fall of Man (2006) and its sequel Resistance 2 (2008) presented increasingly refined linear levels and narratives.

[50] As of 2006, in terms of revenue for publishers, the first person shooter was one of the biggest and fastest growing video game genres. [3] there is also the release of Call of duty modern warfare 2 (2009) and the release off black ops ( 2011) and the upcoming Call of Duty 8 (modern warfare 3 ) See also List of free first-person shooters References Finally 'Doom 4' Release Date News After Almost A Decade, Production Updates, Storylines: Will Be Available for Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and PC? : Trending News : Franchise Herald Advertisement updated - December 17, 2016 Saturday EST Finally 'Doom 4' Release Date News After Almost A Decade, Production Updates, Storylines: Will Be Available for Xbox One, PlayStation 4 and PC? Sep 10, 2014 10:01 PM EDT Finally after almost a decade, the first person shooter video game "Doom" has available new updates on "Doom 4" release date and storyline! Doom is a science fiction-horror game first released in 1993.

The game has since been significant as it has been the frontrunner of first-person shooter (FPS) games. It has been ranked as the 5th best video game of all time by Computer Gaming World in 1996 as it spearheaded its genre on FPS games. id Software, developer for the series, announced early in 2008 that there is an upcoming "Doom 4" release date although news updates wouldn't come until 2011. Bethesda Softworks took over the game publishing in 2011, and news of "Doom 4" again surfaced online. Advertisement Latest news on "Doom 4" release date was shared by Pete Hines, VP of Bethesda as he spoke to PC Gamer early in July. He shared, "Next year is normally when I think we would've started, so Doom will likely be revealed publicly then." During QuakeCon, creators shared a sneak peek of the on-production Doom version that will be available for Microsoft Windows, Xbox One and PlayStation 4 consoles. The teaser trailer clarified that there is in face another "Doom" although the the title and "Doom 4" release date information remain unofficial.

This release is to quell skeptics' disbelief of another sequel/reboot on the works. Hines further explains, "I really wanted to put something out there that, in a strong way, said 'id is working on something that we think is really cool. And we wanted to show something to [id Software fans] that gives them confidence that it is still a viable studio that's doing really cool stuff, that is making a game you want to play, and is treating Doom with the care and respect you want." To date, "Doom 4" release date news has not been officially announced. But it is true, there will be a "Doom 4" release date soon. Dickey Plays (Doom) :) - YouTube Dickey Plays (Doom) :) Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Jul 19, 2013 Doom is a 1993 science fiction horror-themed first-person shooter video game by id Software.

In Doom, players assume the role of a space marine, popularly known as "Doomguy" lol, who must fight his way through the hordes of invading demons from Hell. The game is divided into three nine-level episodes. Doom II: Hell on Earth is an award winning first-person shooter video game and the second title of id Software's Doom franchise. It was originally released for MS-DOS computers in 1994 and Macintosh computers in 1995 Music by Dr Wylie Name of the song Keep In Style Game Brutal Doom Version 0.17 + Zandronum - YouRepeat Add our chrome extension to repeat YouTube videos at the click of a button Brutal Doom Version 0.17 + Zandronum Choose your time range using the slider. Start: Use this link to share your repeat GIF Creation Settings Separate tags with commas or press enter (max 5 tags) Quick GIF Create Final Doom Plutonia MAP 23 "Tombstone" Doom Doom is a 1993 science fiction horror-themed first-person shooter video game by id Software.

It is considered one of the most significant and influential titles in the video game industry, for having ushered in the popularity of the first-person shooter genre. The original game is divided into three nine-level episodes and distributed via shareware and mail order. The Ultimate Doom, an updated release of the original game featuring a fourth episode, was released in 1995 and sold at retail. In Doom, players assume the role of a space marine, who became popularly known as "Doomguy", fighting their way through hordes of invading demons from Hell. With one third of the game, nine levels, distributed as shareware, Doom was played by an estimated 10 million people within two years of its release, popularizing the mode of gameplay and spawning a gaming subculture. In addition to popularizing the FPS genre, it pioneered immersive 3D graphics, networked multiplayer gaming, and support for customized additions and modifications via packaged files in a data archive known as "WADs". As a sign of its effect on the industry, first-person shooter games from the genre's boom in the 1990s, helped in no less part by the game's release, became known simply as "Doom clones".

Its graphic violence, as well as its satanic imagery, made it the subject of controversy. Developer: id Software Steam Community :: Video :: Doom PC Game Review This item will only be visible to you, admins, and anyone marked as a creator. Current visibility: Friends-only This item will only be visible in searches to you, your friends, and admins. Doom PC Game Review This item has been added to your Favorites . Title Description THANKS FOR HELPING ME REACH 40,000 SUBSCRIBERS! Follow me on Twitter: Join the Gggmanlives Steam Group: Reddit Fanpage: Doom (typeset as DOOM in official documents) is a 1993 science fiction horror-themed first-person shooter (FPS) video game by id Software. It is considered one of the most significant and influential titles in the video game industry, for having ushered in the popularity of the first-person shooter genre. The original game was divided into three nine-level episodes and was distributed via shareware and mail order. The Ultimate Doom, an updated release of the original game featuring a fourth episode, was released in 1995 and sold at retail.

In Doom, players assume the role of an unnamed space marine, who became popularly known as "Doomguy", fighting his way through hordes of invading demons from Hell. With one third of the game, nine levels, distributed as shareware, Doom was played by an estimated 15–20 million people within two years of its release, popularizing the mode of gameplay and spawning a gaming subculture. In addition to popularizing the FPS genre, it pioneered immersive 3D graphics, networked multiplayer gaming, and support for customized additions and modifications via packaged files in a data archive known as "WADs". As a sign of its effect on the industry, first-person shooter games from the genre's boom in the 1990s, helped in no small part by the game's release, became known simply as "Doom clones". Its graphic violence, as well as satanic imagery, made Doom the subject of controversy. The Doom franchise was later continued with the follow-up Doom II: Hell on Earth (1994) and numerous expansion packs, including Master Levels for Doom II (1995), and Final Doom (1996).

Originally released for PC DOS, the games have later been ported to numerous other platforms. Once the game's source code was released in 1997, it spawned even more adaptations, as fans further ported the code to countless devices. The series started to lose mainstream appeal as the technology of the Doom game engine was surpassed in the mid-1990s, although fans have continued making WADs, speedruns, and modifications to the original. The franchise again received popular attention in 2004 with the release of Doom 3, a retelling of the original game using new technology, and an associated 2005 Doom motion picture. Doom 4 was announced as in production in 2008 and was later retitled simply as Doom. Doom | electronic game | Britannica.com electronic game Doom, first-person shooter electronic game released in December 1993 that changed the direction of almost every aspect of personal computer (PC) games, from graphics and networking technology to styles of play, notions of authorship, and public scrutiny of game content. Screenshot from the electronic game Doom. Doom® © 1993 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company.

All Rights Reserved. Screenshot from the electronic game Doom. Doom® © 1993 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company. All Rights Reserved. The authors of Doom were a group of programmers, led by John Romero and John Carmack , formed in Texas to create monthly games as employees of Softdisk magazine. While at Softdisk the group also produced shareware titles for Apogee Software, beginning with the Commander Keen franchise (1990–91). On the basis of the success of this series of addictive platform games , the group formed id Software in February 1991. Screenshot from the electronic game Doom. Doom® © 1993 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company. All Rights Reserved. From the beginning, id focused on the development of superior graphics. Carmack had already demonstrated, by writing a smooth-scrolling PC version of Nintendo ’s Super Mario Brothers 3 , that personal computers could rival video consoles. Now he turned his attention to three-dimensional gaming graphics, writing a “graphics engine” for id’s Wolfenstein 3D , an action game published by Apogee, that depicted the environment as the player’s character would see it.

This set the stage for Doom as the next step of this game genre , the “ first-person shooter .” (Typically, in first-person shooters the players move through mazelike corridors and rooms filled with adversaries—controlled by other players or the computer—and through stealth or more accurate shooting try to outlive their opponents.) Doom added numerous technical and design improvements to the Wolfenstein 3D model: a superior graphics engine, fast peer-to-peer networking for multiplayer gaming, a modular design that let authors outside id create new levels, and a new mode of competitive play devised by Romero called “death match.” Screenshot from the electronic game Wolfenstein 3D. Wolfenstein 3D® © 1992 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company. All Rights Reserved. Screenshot from the electronic game Wolfenstein 3D. Wolfenstein 3D® © 1992 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company. All Rights Reserved. Similar Topics Assassin’s Creed The game’s plot was an immersive mix of science fiction and horror. The player, seeing through the eyes of an unidentified space marine, is sent to investigate an incident on the Martian moon Phobos.

Humanlike opponents give way to increasingly demonic enemies as the player punches, shoots, and chainsaws through an array of hellish settings. The game was a phenomenal success—it contributed so much to the genre that, initially, all similar titles were referred to as “Doom clones,” and it immediately established competitive multiplayer gaming as a critical element in future PC titles. At the same time, the subject matter of Doom (slaughtering demons in outer space), its moody graphics and audio (combined with realistic depictions of blood and gore), and its vocabulary (such as “shooters” and “death match”) focused public attention on the level of violence depicted in computer games. Screenshot from the electronic game Doom. Doom® © 1993 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company. All Rights Reserved. Screenshot from the electronic game Doom. Doom® © 1993 id Software LLC, a ZeniMax Media company. All Rights Reserved. After succeeding with the first installment of the series, id Software released Doom II: Hell on Earth in 1994. In 1997 the U.S.

Marine Corps converted Doom’s monsters into opposition forces and used the resulting game, Marine Doom, to train troops in tactics and communications. After the series went on hiatus through the late 1990s, Doom 3 was released to great critical acclaim in 2004. In 2005 the popular video game title was made into a motion picture of the same name. Doom - The Doom Wiki at DoomWiki.org - Doom, Heretic, Hexen, Strife, and more Doom title screen Doom (officially cased DOOM) is the first release of the Doom series, and one of the games that consolidated the first-person shooter genre. With a science fiction and horror style, it gives the players the role of marines who find themselves in the focal point of an invasion from hell. The game introduced deathmatch and cooperative play in the explicit sense, and helped further the practice of allowing and encouraging fan-made modifications of commercial video games. It was first released on December 10, 1993 , when a shareware copy was uploaded to an FTP server at the University of Wisconsin .

Contents Main article: Development of Doom The development of Doom began in late 1992, with John Carmack writing the new game engine while the rest of id Software was finishing Spear of Destiny (the prequel to Wolfenstein 3D ). When the full design phase began in late 1992, the main thematic influences were the movies Aliens and Evil Dead II , and the Dungeons & Dragons campaign the developers had been playing, where the forces of hell invaded the material world. The title of the game was chosen by John Carmack: There is a scene in " The Color of Money " where Tom Cruse [sic] shows up at a pool hall with a custom pool cue in a case. "What do you have in there?" asks someone. "Doom." replied Cruse with a cocky grin. That, and the resulting carnage, was how I viewed us springing the game on the industry. Designer Tom Hall wrote an elaborate specifications document called the Doom Bible , according to which the game would feature a detailed storyline, multiple player characters, and a number of interactive features.

However, many of his ideas were discarded during development in favor of a simpler design primarily advocated by John Carmack, resulting in Hall's eventually being forced to resign from id Software. Most of the final level designs are those of John Romero and Sandy Petersen . The graphics, by Adrian Carmack , Kevin Cloud , and Gregor Punchatz , were created in various ways: although much was drawn or painted, several of the monsters were digitized from sculptures in clay or latex, and some of the weapons are modeled on toy guns from Toys "Я" Us . A heavy metal / ambient soundtrack was supplied by Bobby Prince . Doom's primary distinguishing characteristic at the time of its release was its "3-D" graphics, then unparalleled by other real-time-rendered games running on consumer-level hardware. Several new features improved on those of Wolfenstein 3D: Altitude differences (all floors/ceilings in Wolfenstein 3D are at the same height), but not sloped surfaces. Non-orthogonal walls (all walls in Wolfenstein 3D run along a rectangular grid). However, all walls in Doom are still perpendicular to the floor and/or ceiling. Full texture mapping of all surfaces.

Varying light levels (all areas in Wolfenstein 3D have identical lighting). This not only made each map's structure more visually authentic, but contributed to its atmosphere and gameplay by using darkness to frighten or confuse the player. A less static architecture than in Wolfenstein 3D: platforms can move up or down, floors can be lifted sequentially to form staircases, and bridges can rise or lower. A stereo sound system, which makes it possible to roughly tell the direction and distance of a sound's origin. The player is kept on guard by the grunting and snarling of monsters , and receives occasional clues to the locations of secret areas by hearing hidden doors open remotely. Id's programmers had to make use of several tricks for these features to run smoothly on 1993-vintage personal computers . Most significantly, Doom levels are not truly three-dimensional : they are internally represented on a two-dimensional plane, with height differences added separately (a similar trick is still used by many games to create huge outdoor environments). Doom also has a low-detail mode to improve frame rates on slower PCs, such as those with an 80386 processor.

Story[ edit ] Doom has a simple plot; its background is given in the instruction manual , and the in-game story advances mainly through short messages displayed between the game's episodes . The player takes the role of a marine (unnamed to further represent the person playing), "one of Earth's toughest, hardened in combat and trained for action", who has been incarcerated on Mars after assaulting a senior officer when ordered to fire upon civilians. There, he works alongside the Union Aerospace Corporation (UAC), a multi-planetary conglomerate and military contractor performing secret experiments on interdimensional travel. Recently, the teleportation has shown signs of anomalies and instability, but the research continues nonetheless. Suddenly, something goes wrong and creatures from hell swarm out of the teleportation gates on Deimos and Phobos . A defensive response from base security fails to halt the invasion, and the bases are quickly overrun by monsters ; all personnel are killed or turned into zombies . A military detachment from Mars travels to Phobos to investigate the incident. The player is tasked with securing the perimeter, as the assault team and their heavy weapons are brought inside. Radio contact soon ceases and the player realizes that he is the only survivor.

Being unable to pilot the shuttle off of Phobos by himself, the only way to escape is to go inside and fight through the complexes of the moon base. Gameplay[ edit ] Doom is a first-person shooter with a background setting that mixes science fiction and horror (of the weird menace style), presented in the form of three episodes, each taking place in a separate general location and played separately. The primary objective of each level is simply to locate the exit room that leads to the next area (invitingly labeled with a red EXIT sign), while surviving all hazards along the way. Among the obstacles are monsters, pits of radioactive waste , ceilings that descend to crush the player, and locked doors for which a key or remote switch need to be located. The levels are sometimes labyrinthine (the automap is a crucial aid in navigating them), and feature plenty of hidden rooms that hold powerups as a reward for players who explore thoroughly. A tally screen at the end of each level (except the last of each episode, which describes part of the plot) helps players aiming for additional objectives, such as clearing the levels of monsters or finding secret areas.

Doom's weapon arsenal was highly distinctive in 1993 and eventually became prototypical for first-person shooters. The player starts out armed only with a pistol , and brass-knuckled fists in case his ammunition runs out, but larger weapons can be picked up: a chainsaw , a shotgun , a chaingun , a rocket launcher , a plasma gun , and the immensely powerful BFG9000 . There is a wide array of additional powerups, such as a backpack that increases the player's ammunition-carrying capacity, armor , medical supplies to heal injuries, and strange alien artifacts which can turn the player invisible or boost his health beyond its normal maximum. The enemy monsters are Doom's central gameplay element. There are 10 types of monster, including possessed humans as well as demons of different strength, ranging from weaker but ubiquitous imps and red, floating cacodemons to the bosses , which tend to survive multiple strikes even from the player's strongest weapons. The monsters generally exhibit very simple AI , and thus most cases must outnumber the player to triumph (although great numbers can sometimes prove counterproductive due to monster infighting ).

Aside from the single-player game mode, Doom features two multiplayer modes usable over a network : co-operative mode, in which two to four players team up against the legions of hell, and deathmatch mode, in which the same number of players fight each other. Release and sales [ edit ] The first-episode shareware format of the initial release offered a substantial and freely playable taste of the game, which could be distributed with ease on floppy disks , over the Internet, and in CD-ROM packages, thus encouraging players and retailers to spread Doom as widely as possible. By 1995 the shareware version was estimated to have been installed on more than 10 million computers. The full or registered version of Doom, containing all three episodes, was only available by mail order; although most users did not purchase the registered version, over one million copies have been sold, and this popularity helped the sales of later games in the Doom series, which were not released as shareware. The original Doom did eventually receive a retail release as well, when it was offered in an expanded version as The Ultimate Doom (adding a fourth episode). In addition to the thrilling nature of the single-player game, the deathmatch mode was an important factor in the game's popularity.

Doom was not the first first-person perspective shooting game with a face to face competitive mode ( MIDI Maze , on the Atari ST , had one in 1987), but it introduced the term deathmatch to games and was the first to use Ethernet connections, and the combination of violence and gore with fighting friends made deathmatching in Doom particularly attractive. Due to its widespread distribution, Doom became the game that popularize the mode of play to a large audience. Doom was also widely praised by the gaming press. In 1994, it was named Game of the Year by both PC Gamer and Computer Gaming World . It received the Award for Technical Excellence from PC Magazine , and the Best Action Adventure Game award from the Academy of Interactive Arts & Sciences . Extensibility[ edit ] An important feature of the Doom engine is a modular approach that allows game content to be replaced by custom patch files , known as PWADs . Wolfenstein 3D had not been designed this way, but fans had nevertheless figured out how to create their own levels for it, and id Software decided to push this phenomenon further.

The first level editors appeared in early 1994, followed over the next few years by additional tools which allow most aspects of the game to be edited. Although the majority of PWADs contain one or several custom levels of essentially the same style as the original game, others implement new monsters and other resources, and heavily alter the gameplay; various popular movies, television series, and other brands from popular culture have been turned into Doom maps by fans (although this has led to copyright disputes ), including Aliens , Star Wars , The X-Files , The Simpsons , and Batman . In 1994 and 1995, PWADs were primarily available online over bulletin board systems or sold in collections on compact discs (sometimes bundled with editing guidebooks) in computer shops; FTP servers later became the primary distribution method. Tens of thousands of PWADs (at least) have been created in total; the idgames FTP archive at gamers.org alone contains over 17,500 files.

The idea of making Doom easily modifiable was primarily backed by John Carmack, a well-known supporter of copyleft and the hacker ideal of people sharing and building upon each other's work, and by John Romero, who had hacked games in his youth and wanted to allow other gamers to do the same. Not everybody in the id Software crew was happy with this development; some, including Jay Wilbur and Kevin Cloud, objected due to legal concerns and in the belief that it would not be of any benefit to the company's business. A bloody scene in E4M8: Unto the Cruel In a press release dated January 1, 1993, id Software wrote that they expected Doom to be "the number one cause of decreased productivity in businesses around the world". This prediction came true at least in part: Doom became a major inconvenience at workplaces, occupying the time of employees and clogging computer networks with traffic caused by deathmatches. Intel and Carnegie Mellon University , among many other organizations , reportedly formed policies specifically disallowing Doom-playing during work hours. Doom was (and remains) a controversial product due to its high levels of violence, gore, and Satanic imagery.

It has been repeatedly criticized by Christian organizations for its diabolic undertones, and prompted fears that virtual reality technology, then in its earliest forms, could be used to simulate extremely realistic killing; in 1994, this led to unsuccessful attempts by Washington state senator Phil Talmadge to introduce compulsory licensing of VR use. The game again made national headlines in 1999, when it was linked to the Columbine High School Massacre . Legal issues in Germany[ edit ] The game was put on the Index of the Bundesprüfstelle für jugendgefährdende Schriften (Medien) on 31 May 1994 (date of official announcement). This means that the game could not be advertised, sold, rented, or otherwise given to minors. This applied to all versions of the game, except for the Game Boy Advance port. On the 4th of August 2011 the Bundesprüfstelle für jugendgefährdende Medien deleted Doom from the Index on request by ZeniMax Media . [1] Legacy[ edit ] Doom is widely regarded as one of the most important titles in gaming history.

In the wake of its immense popularity, dozens of new first-person shooter titles appeared, which were more often referred to as "Doom clones" than "first-person shooters". Id Software went on to release a sequel, Doom II , followed by an expanded edition for retail stores ( The Ultimate Doom ), and additional levels by experienced WAD designers from the fan community ( Master Levels for Doom II and the standalone Final Doom ). Doom itself was eventually ported to several dozen other operating systems and consoles . Doom has also appeared in several other media, including a comic book , four novels , and a film released in October 2005. The game's development and impact on popular culture is the subject of the book Masters of Doom by David Kushner . Devoted players have spent years creating speedruns , competing for the quickest completion times and sharing knowledge about routes through the levels and how to exploit engine bugs as shortcuts. Achievements include the completion of both Doom and Doom II on the "Ultra-Violence" difficulty setting in less than 30 minutes each.

In addition, a few players have also managed to complete Doom II in a single run on the "Nightmare!" difficulty setting (level designer John Romero has characterized the idea of such a run with the statement "it's just gotta be impossible!" ). Movies of most of these runs are available from the Compet-n database. Although the popularity of the Doom games decreased following the publication of Quake in 1996, the series has retained a strong fan base that continues playing competitively and creating new PWADs (the idgames archive still receives a number of new PWADs each week), and Doom-related news is still tracked at various community websites . Interest in Doom was renewed in 1997, when the source code for the engine was released; fans then began porting the game to various operating systems, even to previously unsupported platforms such as the Sega Dreamcast and the iPod , and adding new features which allow PWADs to alter the gameplay more radically (such as OpenGL rendering and scripting ). There are well over 50 distinct source ports, some of which remain under active development.

Question: What is the title of the first-person shooter science fiction video game, released by id Software in 1993?
Answer: Doom