A Paris Guide: Ile de la Citï¿½ Turkey Ile de la Citï¿½ Few travelers and tourists visiting Paris, France, realize that the famous cathedral of Notre-Dame is actually situated on an island. The Ile de la Citï¿½ is usually referred to as the epicenter of Paris, as well as the original site of the Parisi tribes of the Sequana river, now known as the Seine. This was possibly the earliest settlement in Paris--- a muddy town on the banks of a muddy river that grew to be known as one of the most beautiful places in the world. The official "navel" can be found on a small bronze plaque in the square in front of the cathedral. This is just a few steps from where the early Romans set up shop in the 50's (A.D that is) This is technically the very center of France. Don't expect to have a revelation or see a halo just because you touch this spot with your shoe, although from the number of tourists taking frantic photographs of this hallowed point, I may be missing something. The focal point of the island is of course the Notre-Dame Cathedral. (Church of Our lady) dedicated to the mother of God.

While most of historic Paris speaks for the glory of rationalism, calm order, broad boulevards and civilized gardens, the most interesting neighborhoods are the result of less controlled situations. Although the Ile de la Citï¿½ is organized, extremely well cared for, and considered the prime Parisian real estate, it is still at the mercy of geology. The river has shaped and defined the island's character as much as the famous edifices. The bridges and building are forced to follow its teardrop shape and adapt to the landscape. Because of this, it is inevitably more interesting than a bullet-straight avenue lined with 200 identical linden trees. The most beautiful time to visit this area is in the early spring when all the flowering trees by the cathedral are in full bloom and you realize why everybody keeps telling you are lucky to be in Paris. The city reveals itself to you in certain moments, in certain angles of light. The aesthetic realization cannot be forced--- one day you simply realize that the ordered and cultivated beauty of Paris has made you briefly happy.

It may only last a moment, and you may long for more primitive landscapes, but the flash of joy is recorded, and it will return to haunt you when you are back in an ugly office or a city clogged with freeways and parking lots. On the eastern tip of the island is the Deportation Memorial for the French victims of the Nazi concentration camps during WWII. This is obviously an extremely upsetting sight, but one that is necessary to witness. 200,000 lit crystals on dark walls commemorate the exterminated, as well a single flickering light for the unknown dead. The triangles in the adjacent passages are supposed to represent the patch or badge deportees were ordered to wear. The second most obvious landmark on the island is the Palais de Justice, essentially the modern Supreme Court built in the 18th century. The earliest seat of government from Roman times was in the same place, as was the original Palace from the Gothic period. The remains are to be found in the St. Chapelle Church and the Conciergerie. The St. Chapelle sits inside the newer courtyard of the Palais de Justice.

If you were wondering what a Gothic church is doing inside the seat of government, be thankful that someone else had the sense not to tear it down. The St. Chapelle is probably the most beautiful church in Paris (on the inside), and without a doubt, the finest stained glass you will ever see. If you are lucky enough to enter on a sunny day, you will never forget the brilliance of this magnificent example. The only problem is that direct sunlight tends to light only half the panels and dulls the others. Unless you have all day to watch the sun move, a cloudy day provides even, though less interesting, light. The enormous windows depict the entire span of Christian history from the Book of Genesis to the coming of Christ. One of the reasons for its unified beauty is that is was designed by one architect and completed in 5 years! Most Gothic cathedrals took generations to construct, with hundreds of workers and lesser skilled architects interfering, lack of funding and countless subtracting factors which led to bad design. Too many cooks spoiling the soup was not an option for the St. Chapelle. It was built in the 13th century for King Louis IX who had it built to house the Crown of Thorns he owned.

(He was convinced it was the original crown placed on Christ by the Romans) The Rose window, which is the only later addition, is a perfect example of the style termed "Flamboyant Gothic" which was meant to represent flames. The Conciergerie is a section of the Palais de Justice which was used as a prison in revolutionary times. There is some grim irony in the idea that the Supreme court doled out sentences which would send people to this neighbor or justice--- a waiting room for the guillotine. The French motto Liberte, Egalite, Fraternite (Liberty, Brotherhood, Equality) might have been translated into--- you are all equally capable of being beheaded. This is where Marie Antoinette was jailed for months before they chopped her head off, probably not eating cake. The Place Dauphine is a small and quaint little residential park surrounded by some more very expensive apartments and a few small shops and cafes. This is the perfect place to have a sandwich or a drink in one of the quiet bistros without being subjected to the usual crowds and tourists.

The place Dauphine has somehow managed to avoid being overrun by noisy groups and visitors--- try not to disrupt it by arriving in a tour bus en masse, or with your boombox. It is calm and beautiful, a place to visit to escape the madness of St. Michel. Because you enter the square through a kind of gateway, there is almost no traffic on the little cobblestone street and the trees and benches provide wonderful respite from the chaotic boulevards nearby. In the 18th century, the artists Boucher and Chardin used the area to exhibit paintings. If you walk through the west gate you will find yourself facing an equestrian statue of Henry IV. You are now standing on the Pont Neuf bridge, the oldest and most historic bridge in Paris. If you find the steps behind the statue and follow them down to the vaulted arches of the bridge, you will find yourself facing a small green park on the western tip of the island. This tiny sanctuary is the best place to go in Paris if you don't own a boat. By sitting on the stone embankments, surrounded by water, you can almost pretend you are sailing down the river.

For a Greek, this is like the poor man's sea, but it's better than sitting in a stuffy apartment or a smoky cafï¿½. Behind you, beneath the Northern arch, the Greek artist Nonda began the historic Pont Neuf Exhibitions in the 1960's. Straight ahead is the distinctive metalwork of the Pont des Arts, which you should visit at dusk, with a bottle of wine and someone good-looking. Hotels While there are few if any hotels on the island itself, the 3-star Hotel Le Notre Dame is a charming boutique hotel on the left bank on the Seine, right over the bridge and enjoys stunning views of Notre-Dame Cathedral and the river. Within 2 or 3 blocks is the 3 star Hï¿½tel Henri 4 , the 3-star Albe Hotel , and the economical but very pleasant 2-star Europe Saint Severin-Paris Notre Dame . For those willing to splurge try the 4-star Best Western Premier Royal Saint Michel or the 4-star Villa d'Estrï¿½es both right by the river. Help Support Matt's Paris Guide Do you enjoy using my site? Have you found it entertaining as well as useful?

If so please show your appreciation by booking hotels through the links found on my Hotels Page . The small comission I make on the bookings enable me to keep working and in most cases you won't find them any cheaper by searching elsewhere. You can also book at Booking.com's Paris Page and they give me a small percentage on each booking. Île de la Cité, Paris Île de la Cité 5 75 votes Considered the heart of Paris, Île de la Cité is one of two natural islands that sits in the middle of the Seine. All distances in Paris are measured from the center of the island. The Early Days of the Island Île de la Cité First settled by the Parisi Tribes, the Île de la Cité is probably the oldest settlement in the city of Paris, set up around the third century BC. In 52 AD, after being plundered by the Romans, the settlement was rebuilt as the Roman city of Lutetia. During the latter days of the Roman Empire residents of the city sought refuge at the island from attacks by Nomadic tribes like the Huns.

Later, from the sixth through the fourteenth centuries, the kings of France lived on the Île de la Cité. A palace, constructed during Merovingian times (5th to 8th century A.D.), was built at the western end of the island, allowing the island to remain an important political center through the Middle Ages. Pont Neuf In the tenth century, a cathedral - one that would be the predecessor to the famous Notre Dame - was erected on the island. Île de la Cité has always been linked to the Right and Left Banks of Paris by two bridges, the first ones made of wood and later rebuilt from stone. The Pont Neuf (New Bridge) still remains, having been constructed by the order of Henry IV in 1607. It is now the oldest bridge in Paris. Visitors will find an equestrian statue of Henry on the island near the bridge, first erected in 1618. It was destroyed during the Notre-Dame Cathedral French Revolution and then rebuilt in 1818. What's There? The most famous landmark on the island and undoubtedly its focal point is the magnificent Notre-Dame Cathedral .

Built between 1163 and 1345, it is the cathedral of Paris and the seat of the archbishop of the city. Visitors will probably also want to check out the Palais de Justice, Palais de la Justice Conciergerie built in the eighteenth century to house the French equivalent of the Supreme Court. At this same site sat the early seat of Roman government as well as the palace from the Gothic period. Part of the Palais contains a structure known as the Conciergerie , a former prison that housed Marie Antoinette before her execution. Inside the new courtyard of the Palais de Justice is another magnificent church, Sainte-Chapelle . Completed in only five years, Sainte-Chapelle boasts some of the most magnificent stained glass windows in the world, depicting the entire history of Christianity from Genesis to the crucifixion of Jesus. The Rose Window, added later, is thought to be a perfect example of the Flamboyant Gothic style. The church was built by order of Louis IX to house religious relics, including what the king thought to be Christ's crown of thorns that he wore on the cross.

Often overlooked by visitors is the oldest remaining residential quarter on the island, known as Ancien Cloître Quartier. Only partially intact, some of it was demolished in the 1860s. It's also a treat to visit the small, uncrowded residential park known as the Place Dauphine. The small park is surrounded by expensive residences and a few shops and bistros. Paris Landmarks and Monuments: Paris, Ile-de-France, France Paris Landmarks and Monuments (Paris, Ile-de-France, France) A city of romance and history, Paris is blessed with some of Europe's most stately and important landmarks, with a plentiful supply of classical French buildings and churches. Located within the Ile de la Cité neighbourhood and best viewed from the gateway to the nearby law courts, the Sainte-Chapelle is worth looking out for and holds quite a story, being the only building still standing within the city's former Capetian royal palace complex. There are many churches named Notre Dame all over the world, although it is the cathedral of that name in Paris that is the most famous by far, being visited by thousands every single day.

It was here where many crusaders came to pray before leaving for the conflict in the Holy Wars. A magnificent religious landmark and dedicated to the Sacred Heart of Christ, the Basilique du Sacre Coeur resides within the vibrant district of Montmartre, close to the much celebrated Moulin Rouge. Notre Dame (Cathedrale de Notre-Dame-de-Paris) Address: 6 Place du Parvis-Notre-Dame (Ile de la Cité area), Paris Tel: +33 (0)1 42 34 56 10 The Notre Dame Cathedral is a Roman Catholic church located within the city's 4th arrondissement, next to the River Seine, where it remains an outstanding example of European Gothic architecture. Famed for its giant rose window, this is an epic landmark with a lengthy construction period spanning 1163 to 1345, and the history of both the cathedral and the city are closely connected.

Many significant events in France have been staged here over the years, including England's Henry VI being crowned as the King of France in 1431, the wedding of Mary, Queen of Scots in 1558, the crowning of Napoleon in 1804, the canonisation of Joan of Arc in 1920, and the mass of French general and statesmen Charles de Gaulle in 1970. The interior of the Notre Dame is simply cavernous and during major services, congregations topping 6,000 can be comfortably accommodated.

Open hours: Cathedral - daily 08:00 to 18:45 year round Towers and crypt, April to September, daily - 09:30 to 17:30 October to March, daily - 10:00 to 17:30 Museum - Wednesday and Saturday and Sunday - 14:30 to 17:00 Treasury - Monday to Saturday - 09:30 to 11:30 and 13:00 to 17:45 Sainte-Chapelle (Holy Chapel) Address: 4 Boulevard du Palais, Paris Tel: +33 (0)1 53 73 78 50 Building of the Sainte-Chapelle began at the very end of the 1230s and this royal chapel was consecrated in 1248, being reputed to rank amongst the most important architectural masterpieces standing in the Western World of today. The chapel was commissioned by King Louis IX in order to house many of his religious treasures, which include the actual crown of thorns said to have been worn by Christ.

Visitors will discover some of the finest examples of 13th-century stained-glass windows in existence, as well as various elaborate sculptures and some fine Gothic architecture. During the French Revolution at the end of the 18th century, much of the chapel was destroyed and needed to be reconstructed, although roughly two-thirds of the windows are original. Open hours: April to September, daily - 09:30 to 18:30 October to March, daily - 10:00 to 17:00 Basilique du Sacre Coeur de Montmartre (Basilica of the Sacred Heart) Address: 35 Rue du Chevalier-de-la-Barre, Paris Tel: +33 (0)1 53 41 89 00 Although there are some who believe that the Sacre Coeur's crypt actually houses the heart of Jesus, most tourists simply come here to wander the streets of Montmartre, admire the splendid views of the Parisian cityscape, and perhaps enter the basilica to light a candle for a loved one.

This basilica was built between the years of 1875 and 1914, following the Franco-Prussian war defeat of 1870. Finally consecrated in 1919, the hilltop Sacre Coeur marks the highest point in the entire city. Open hours: Basilica, daily - 07:00 to 23:00 Dome and crypt, daily - 09:00 to 19:00 Admission: charge for crypt and dome Panthéon Address: Montagne Sainte Genevieve, Place du Panthéon, Paris Tel: +33 (0)1 44 32 18 00 Offering appealing views of the Latin Quarter, this majestic church stands on the southern side of central Paris, within the 5th arrondissement and close to the River Seine. The Panthéon was built at the request of Louis XV, being constructed to pay tribute to Sainte Genevieve, the patron saint of the city.

Building work was slow and despite commencing in 1758, the church was not completed until 1790, partly due to economic problems and the death of Jacques Germain Soufflot, the principal architect. Open hours: daily, April to September - 09:30 to 18:30; October to March - 10:00 to 18:15 Arc de Triomphe (Arch of Triumph) Address: Place Charles de Gaulle-Etoile, 8e, Paris Tel: +33 (0)1 55 37 73 77 Everyone coming to Paris is more than a little familiar with the Arc de Triomphe, the crowning glory of the Champs Elysées, although few realise just quite how large and impressive this historic landmark actually is. Inaugurated in 1836 after some three decades of construction work, the arch measures in at approximately 50 metres / 164 feet in height by some 45 metres / 148 feet in width.

It fact, to mark the end of the First World War, renowned aviator Charles Godefroy actually flew his biplane through the archway in 1919 as part of the celebrations. It is possible to enter the arch, where a steep staircase will lead you to a small museum at the top, documenting its construction. However, the views of the traffic on the Champs Elysées are quite distracting. Open hours: daily, April to September - 09:30 to 11:00; October to March - 10:00 to 22:30 Admission: charge River Seine This famous river flows from east to west through the heart of the city and divides Paris into the Left Bank and Right Bank. Place St Sulpice Address: 6th Arrondissement, Paris This famous square, which is situated in the heart of the fashion district, features a beautiful church. Île de la Cité Île de la Cité View Larger Map There are two large islands in the middle of the Seine river in Paris. The largest of these two is the Île de la Cité.

The Île de la Cité, in the 1st and 4th arrondissements, is the home of the awe-inspiring Notre Dame Cathedral. Getting There One way to reach the Île de la Cité is over the Pont Neuf. Though its name means “new bridge,” it was built by Henry IV in the early 17th century. It is now Paris’ oldest bridge. After crossing the bridge, visitors can spend the day strolling round the island to see the Place Dauphine, Sainte-Chapelle, Palais de Justice, the Conciergerie, the Square Jean XXIII and the Ancien Cloître Quartier. Also on the island is the Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation. This is a memorial to the 200,000 citizens of France who perished in concentration camps during the Holocaust. Places to See Save Notre Dame, many of Île de la Cité’s Medieval buildings were eradicated under the supervision of city planner Baron Georges-Eugéne Haussmann. Another building that was saved from demolition is the Sainte-Chapelle.

It has radiant stained glass windows, which are the oldest stained glass windows in the city of Paris. Sainte-Chapelle was built by the fanatically religious Louis IX to house relics from the Crusades. Most of the relics were lost during the French Revolution. It is best to visit during a sunny day to get the full effect of the light streaming through the stained glass windows. Concerts are often held here as well. Just north of Sainte-Chapelle is the Conciergerie, where Marie Antoinette spent the days before her trip to the guillotine. Also on the island is the Place Dauphine which was built by Henry IV in honor of Louis XIII, who was called the Dauphine. With its attractive restaurant terraces it is a great place for open air dining and people watching. Visitors can also take a quick trip to the Ancien Cloître Quartier, a maze of little Medieval streets in the shadow of Notre Dame. This area used to be populated by seminary students, one of whom was Peter Abelard, of Abelard and Heloise infamy. Nearby is the Palais de Justice, a grouping of courthouses built in the Neoclassical style by Haussmann.

The buildings are on the site of a former royal palace that was later the home of the Parliament until the Revolution. Another place to see on the Île de la Cité is the Square du Vert-Galant with its equestrian statue of Henry IV. Found. It is at the western end of the island and is known for being shady and peaceful, it is a great place for a picnic or to sit and read. Paris Famous Landmarks Arrondissements of Paris A View On Cities > Paris > Paris Attractions > Arrondissements of Paris Loading... Arrondissements of Paris The city of Paris is divided into twenty arrondissements. The first one is in the center, the following ones spiral outwards in a clock-wise direction. Most of the famous tourist attractions can be found in one of the central eight arrondissements. The arrondissements are encircled by the périphérique, a ring highway. Outside the périphérique are the banlieues, the suburbs of Paris. Below a concise overview of all the arrondissements and their most important sights and attractions.

Arrondissement 1 - Louvre The least populated of the twenty arrondissements in Paris is at the geographical center of the city, hence the area is crammed with historic sights. The Louvre Museum , Royal Palace , Tuileries gardens , Forum des Halles , Bourse du Commerce and the upscale Vendôme Square are all located here. The 1st arrondissement also comprises the western tip of the Île de la Cité , including the magnificent Sainte-Chapelle and the Conciergerie . Arrondissement 2 - Bourse Primarily a business district, with the Palais de la Bourse - the former stock exchange - as its most notable landmark. Another important building in the smallest of Paris's arrondissements is the historic National Library. A modern expansion of the library is located in the 13th arrondissement. The second arrondissement is also home to a number of historic shopping arcades . Arrondissement 3 - Temple Another small arrondissement; it contains the northern part of the historic Marais district.

The Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers (with the Museum of Arts and Crafts , a technology museum), the Picasso Museum and the Carnavalet Museum - devoted to the history of Paris - are located here. Arrondissement 4 - Hôtel-de-Ville The 4th arrondissement contains the southern part of the medieval Marais district as well as the Île St-Louis and the eastern part of Île de la Cité , the oldest part of Paris. This area is very popular thanks to attractions such as the Notre-Dame Cathedral , the Place des Vosges , the city hall and the Gothic Tour St-Jacques . Contrasting with all the historic buildings is the modern Centre Pompidou . Arrondissement 5 - Panthéon The Latin Quarter, with the renowned Sorbonne university, is situated in this arrondissement. The area's popular avenue, the Boulevard St-Michel, marks the border with the 6th arrondissement.

The most famous sight in the 5th arrondissement is the Panthéon , but there are many other noteworthy sights such as the magnificent Val-de-Grâce church, the intriguing St-Etienne-du-Mont church , the Cluny Museum , the roman-era Arènes de Lutèce and the Jardin des Plantes , the city's botanical garden which is home to the Natural History Museum . Arrondissement 6 - Luxembourg One of the world's greatest parks, the Jardin du Luxembourg , makes this arrondissement popular with locals and visitors alike. The 6th arrondissement also contains a number of landmarks like the Odéon Theatre and the Saint Sulpice church , which sports two towers with a different design. Another important church in this arrondissement is the 11th century Saint-Germain des Prés , the oldest abbey church in Paris. The church is at the heart of the namesake neighborhood, which is one of the most popular areas to stay in for visitors to Paris. Arrondissement 7 - Palais-Bourbon Government institutions and major landmarks dominate this upscale arrondissement.

The most famous of these landmarks is the Eiffel Tower , drawing millions of visitors each year. Other important tourist draws are the Invalides - with its museums and Napoleon's tomb - and three more museums: the Musée d'Orsay , the Musée Rodin and the Musée du Quai Branly , which is dedicated to non-European cultures. The Palais Bourbon (National Assembly), École Militaire (Military School) and the UNESCO headquarters can also be found in the 7th arrondissement. Arrondissement 8 - Élysée Another arrondissement loaded with tourist attractions. The Champs-Élysées - probably the world's most famous boulevard - cuts through this arrondissement from the Place de la Concorde to the Arc de Triomphe . Bordering the Champs-Élysées are the magnificent Grand Palais and Petit Palais , as well as the Élysée, the presidential Palace. The arrondissement also features the temple-like Madeleine church and the romantic Monceau Park .

Arrondissement 9 - Opéra A multifaceted arrondissement, with prestigious boulevards in the south and the not so prestigious Pigalle area - a red light district - in the north. Pigalle does attract its share of tourists though thanks to the nearby Moulin Rouge (18th arr). Just as famous, but located in the south part of the 9th arrondissement, is the former Opéra Garnier , a magnificent opera house. Nearby is the Galeries Lafayette , a well-known department store. The majestic Sainte-Trinité church is also located in this arrondissement. Arrondissement 10 - Enclos-St-Laurent Two of Paris's main railway stations - the Gare de l'Est and Gare du Nord - can be found here. This is a down to earth arrondissement with the Canal Saint-Martin and the neoclassical Saint-Vincent-de-Paul church as some its most interesting sights. Arrondissement 11 - Popincourt A very low profile arrondissement, mostly residential.

The Oberkampf district in the north is better known for its nightlife than its landmarks, but it does contain the Cirque d'Hiver (winter circus) and the St. Ambroise church. Arrondissement 12 - Reuilly The large Bastille Opera can be found in this mostly residential area, as well as the Bercy Stadium and the nearby modern Bercy Park . The arrondissement is bordered by the expansive Vincennes park on the east. Arrondissement 13 - Gobelins A largely residential neighborhood with the modern National Library as its most significant landmark. Another interesting complex is the Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière , an expansive hospital complex with an imposing chapel. The 13th arrondissement is also home to the city's largest Chinatown. Arrondissement 14 - Observatoire A lively arrondissement, especially around the Montparnasse Boulevard, where the Tour Maine Montparnasse (located in the adjacent 15th arrondissement) dominates the skyline. Not far from this skyscraper is the Montparnasse Cemetery , where many famous French citizens are buried.

A popular tourist attraction in this arrondissement are the catacombs, which can be accessed from the Denfert-Rochereau square. The observatory of Paris nearby gave the 14th arrondissement its name. Arrondissement 15 - Vaugirard This is the largest of the twenty arrondissements in Paris, both in size and population. The tallest skyscraper in the center of Paris - Tour Maine Montparnasse - is located here. The Parc André Citroën in the west is one of Paris's most interesting modern parks. Arrondissement 16 - Passy Even if the 7th arrondissement may be even more exclusive, the 16th arrondissement has the reputation of being the richest, and only the better-off are able to pay the high rents here. The arrondissement is bordered by the enormous Boulogne park to the west. A big draw is the Palais de Chaillot , from where you can have a great view of the Eiffel Tower . The Palais de Chaillot is also home to several museums and a theater.

The Musée Guimet, a museum with a collection of Asian art and the Palais de Tokyo , home to modern art, can be found nearby. Another notable museum is the Musée Marmottan, with a collection of impressionist art. Arrondissement 17 - Batignolles-Monceau This is a diverse arrondissement, bordering the grand boulevards in the south and the lowly Pigalle neighborhood in the north. The Palais des Congrès, a large convention center, is located at the western tip of the arrondissement. Arrondissement 18 - Butte-Montmartre Montmartre , the once bohemian and still village-like district is often inundated with tourists. The Sacré-Coeur basilica and the Place du Tertre are the biggest tourist draws. Another famous sight here is the Moulin Rouge , located near the border of the 9th arrondissement. Arrondissement 19 - Buttes-Chaumont One of Paris's most interesting parks, the Parc des Buttes-Chaumont , is in the middle of this large arrondissement.

Another, more modern park, the Parc de la Villette , contains the city's popular science museum . Arrondissement 20 - Ménilmontant This mostly residential, cosmopolitan arrondissement has no real attractions but it still gets its fair share of tourists thanks to the Cimetière du Père-Lachaise , the most famous cemetery in Paris. More Paris Categories Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris - Gothic - Historical - Architecture - Like Figures Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris × I accept the Terms and Coditions Register First name is not valid! Last name is not valid! This is not an email address! Email address is required! This email is already registered! Password is required! Please enter 6 or more characters! Please enter 16 or less characters! Passwords are not same! Terms and Conditions are required! Street is required! Email or Password is wrong! Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris More Views Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris $0.00 Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris Just download Description Details Cathedral of Notre Dame de Paris _Desigend by LeFabShop ( ) _Notre-Dame de Paris, also called Notre-Dame Cathedral, cathedral church in Paris, France.

It is the most famous of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages and is distinguished for its size, antiquity, and architectural interest.Notre-Dame lies at the eastern end of the Île de la Cité and was built on the ruins of two earlier churches, which were themselves predated by a Gallo-Roman temple dedicated to Jupiter. The cathedral was initiated by Maurice de Sully, bishop of Paris, who about 1160 conceived the idea of converting into a single building, on a larger scale, the ruins of the two earlier basilicas. The foundation stone was laid by Pope Alexander III in 1163, and the high altar was consecrated in 1189. The choir, the western facade, and the nave were completed by 1250, and porches, chapels, and other embellishments were added over the next 100 years. _Notre-Dame Cathedral consists of a choir and apse, a short transept, and a nave flanked by double aisles and square chapels. Its central spire was added during restoration in the 19th century.

The interior of the cathedral is 427 by 157 feet (130 by 48 metres) in plan, and the roof is 115 feet (35 metres) high. Two massive early Gothic towers (1210–50) crown the western facade, which is divided into three stories and has its doors adorned with fine early Gothic carvings and surmounted by a row of figures of Old Testament kings. The two towers are 223 feet (68 metres) high; the spires with which they were to be crowned were never added. At the cathedral’s east end, the apse has large clerestory windows (added 1235–70) and is supported by single-arch flying buttresses of the more daring Rayonnant Gothic style, especially notable for their boldness and grace. The cathedral’s three great rose windows alone retain their 13th-century glass. _Notre-Dame Cathedral suffered damage and deterioration through the centuries, and after the French Revolution it was rescued from possible destruction by Napoleon, who crowned himself emperor of the French in the cathedral in 1804.

Notre-Dame underwent major restorations by the French architect E.-E. Viollet-le-Duc in the mid-19th century. The cathedral is the setting for Victor Hugo’s historical novel Notre-Dame de Paris (1831). (according to the Encyclopedia Britannica) Additional Information 12 Top-Rated Paris Churches | PlanetWare 12 Top-Rated Paris Churches Written by Lisa Alexander As the capital of a historically Catholic country, Paris has a wonderful legacy of glorious churches. The famous quote, "Paris is worth a mass" (attributed to King Henry IV) reveals much about the religious heritage and cultural value of the city. Today, anyone can appreciate the sacred beauty of the city's magnificent churches, which provide welcome spaces for meditative retreat and spiritual inspiration. Visiting Paris' most important churches offers a glimpse into the city's finest art and architecture as well as its religious life. The Cathedral of Notre-Dame astounds visitors with its immense proportions and Gothic splendor.

Other churches boast exquisite interiors and opulent facades, such as Sainte-Chapelle with its marvelous stained-glass windows, the Eglise Saint-Sulpice with a gorgeous Baroque exterior, and the Sacré-Coeur that stands at the highest point in Paris as a beacon of faith. For those with a secular point of view, the churches on this list are splendid historic monuments. Many of the churches also host organ concerts and classical music festivals. 1 Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris Share: The most famous church in Paris stands in the heart of Paris on the Île de la Cité, an island in the Seine River near the Latin Quarter . Tourists flock to this area to see the Notre-Dame, one of the city's top attractions. This magnificent cathedral draws crowds that stand before the building in awe of the abundance of Gothic gargoyles and flying buttresses. The 12th-century cathedral was built on the foundations of a Merovingian church of the 6th century. The foundation stone of the cathedral was laid in 1163 by King Louis IX (Saint Louis) and Bishop Maurice de Sully.

The building of Notre-Dame extended over 150 years, during which all the various phases of Gothic architecture-from the great cathedrals of Chartres, Reims, and Amiens-were reflected in its structure. The interior exemplifies the grandeur of Gothic architecture with its space. The immense vaulted nave and many illuminated candles provide a sacred aura. Both the choir and the nave were built in Early Gothic style. As at the Saint-Denis Cathedral outside of Paris, the great 19th-century restorer Viollet-le-Duc renovated the cathedral from 1841 to 1864. Address: Address: Parvis de Notre Dame, 75004 Paris (Métro: Cité, Saint-Michel, Hôtel de Ville, Maubert-Mutualité, or Cluny La Sorbonne) Want to use this map on your web site?

Copy and Paste the code below: <a href=""><img src="" /></a> 3 Eglise Saint-Sulpice Eglise Saint-Sulpice Share: The elegant Baroque church of Saint-Sulpice stands in a graceful fountain-adorned square in the 6th arrondissement, a charming neighborhood with many wonderful pastry shops, cafés, and boutiques. The Eglise Saint-Sulpice was founded in 1634 by the Abbey of Saint-Germain-des-Prés as a new parish church. The plain facade, modeled on Wren's St. Paul's Cathedral in London, was the work of Florentine architect G. N. Servandoni. With its double row of columns, the facade is a rare example of simple, unadorned classicism. The interior is a masterpiece of classic French style designed by the architect Gittard in 1660. The nave has a barrel-vaulted roof that creates the impression of spaciousness, enhanced by the tall windows that allow light to filter into the sanctuary.

In the first side chapel are frescoes by Eugène Delacroix depicting the Archangel Michael's fight with the dragon, the expulsion of Heliodorus from the Temple, and Jacob wrestling with the angel. Saint-Sulpice Church has a renowned 18th-century Clicquot organ, and the church regularly hosts organ concerts. Just a few steps away from the church are the renowned pastry shops: Pâtisserie Pierre Hermé (72 Rue Bonaparte) and Pâtisserie Gérard-Mulot (76 Rue de Seine) where visitors can sample the finest desserts in Paris. Address: Address: 2 Rue Palatine, 75006 Paris (Métro: Saint-Sulpice, Mabillon, or Odéon station) 4 Basilique du Sacré-Coeur Eglise Saint-Germain-des-Prés Share: The oldest church in Paris, the Church of Saint-Germain-des-Prés is in the 6th arrondissement near the lively Boulevard Saint-Germain with its legendary café scene.

The history of this ancient edifice dates back to the 6th century when the Merovingian King Childebert built the Basilique Sainte-Croix et Sainte-Vincente, which was later destroyed by the Vikings. The early church contained the tombs of Merovingian Kings. In the 11th century, the church was rebuilt by the Abbot Morard of a wealthy Benedictine Abbey and dedicated to Saint Germain, a bishop of Paris who was canonized in 754. In the 12th century, Pope Alexander III consecrated the church's new choir. The church was plundered during the French Revolution, however it was renovated in the 19th century. The simple exterior of the church does not prepare visitors for the grandeur of the church interior. The Romanesque nave features columns with gilded decorative details, while the choir, with its circular plan, incorporates some marble pillars from the Merovingian basilica. The overall effect of the sanctuary is an inspiring sacred ambience. The Eglise Saint-Germain-des-Prés regularly hosts classical music concerts that are open to the public.

Address: Address: 3 Place Saint-Germain-des-Prés, 75006 Paris (Métro: Saint-Germain des-Prés or Mabillon station) 6 Eglise Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois Eglise Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois Alexander Johmann Share: The original church of Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois was destroyed during the Norman siege of Paris in the 9th century. This spectacular Gothic church was then rebuilt in the 11th century and remodeled in the 12th century. Exemplifying elegant High Gothic architecture, the bell tower is a beacon to the faithful. The interior has a serene ambience with its high vaulted ceiling and windows that allow light in, while the Flamboyant Gothic choir offers an inspiring space for spiritual meditation and prayer. The exterior porch features graceful arches and stone statues including the Virgin, Saint Germain, Saint Genevieve, and the Archangel Michael. The church has retained some of the original 16th-century stained-glass windows, which depict scenes in the life of Christ, Saint Sixtus, and Saint Vincent.

Among the many sculptures in the church, the most noteworthy is the 13th-century sculpture of Saint Germanus of Auxerre in Burgundy . There are also two exquisite altarpieces from the 16th century. The church was significantly renovated in the 17th and 18th centuries. Address: Address: 2 Place du Louvre, 75001 Paris (Métro: Louvre-Rivoli or Pont Neuf station) 7 Eglise Saint-Séverin-Saint-Nicolas 8 Eglise Saint-Eustache in Les Halles-Beaubourg District Eglise Saint-Eustache in Les Halles-Beaubourg District Share: The Eglise Saint-Eustache is dedicated to the Early Christian martyr Eustachius (Eustache) who was the patron saint of hunters. Saint-Eustache Church was the last church in Paris to be built in the Gothic style before the Renaissance began. The foundation-stone of the church was laid in 1532 during the reign of King François I, but the church was not completed until 1640.

The cruciform floor plan and the net vaulting (similar to the Notre-Dame) are Gothic features, whereas columns and pilasters that face the piers are Renaissance style. The church was designed with impressive dimensions of 88 meters in length and a height of 34 meters to accommodate the large size of the parish. Lovely 17th-century stained-glass windows illuminate the spacious sanctuary. Especially noteworthy are windows in the choir by Philippe de Champaigne (1631) depicting the Apostles, the Fathers of the Church, and Saint Eustache. The painting of the Saint's martyrdom by Simon Vouet (1635) is also striking. Famed for its superb Ducroquet-Gonzalès organ, the church hosts regular organ recitals and music festivals. Saint-Eustache is the ancient parish church of Paris' Les Halles-Beaubourg district. This area at the center of Paris used to have many traditional market halls, explaining the name "Les Halles" (The Halls). Today, the old market halls have been torn down and replaced with modern urban planning and a shopping mall.

Address: Address: 2 Impasse Saint-Eustache, 75001 Paris (Métro: Les Halles or Etienne Marcel station) 9 Eglise Val-de-Grâce Eglise Val-de-Grâce Steve Cadman Share: The lovely Baroque church of Val-de-Grâce is part of a well-preserved 17th-century convent, now a military hospital. Anne of Austria, King Louis XIII's wife, purchased the convent buildings and presented them to a house of Benedictine nuns, vowing to give them a church if she gave birth to an heir to the throne. In 1638 she had a son, the future King Louis XIV, and in 1645 she fulfilled her vow, commissioning Jacques Lemercier to build the church, which was completed by Gabriel Le Duc in 1667. The church's design was strongly influenced by the Italian architecture in Rome , the great center of 17th-century Baroque architecture. Lemercier modeled the front on the Church of Santa Susanna in Rome with its double row of columns, while the dome was inspired by Saint Peter's in Rome.

The interior has a barrel-vaulted nave with three side chapels. Decorative features include the round-headed arches with reliefs of the Virtues and medallions depicting the Forefathers of Christ. In the dome, there is a resplendent fresco by Pierre Mignard (1665) of God the Father surrounded by saints and martyrs. The church has an excellent Cavaillé-Coll organ and a strong musical tradition. Classical music concerts are still held here regularly. Address: Address: 277 Bis Rue Saint-Jacques/1 Place Laveran, 75005 Paris (Métro: Port-Royal or Luxembourg station) 10 Eglise Saint-Etienne-du-Mont Eglise Saint-Etienne-du-Mont Share: The Church of Saint-Etienne-du-Mont was founded in 1492 for the servants of the Benedictine monastery, which once stood on this site. Although the church is dedicated to Paris' patron saint Stephen (Etienne), Saint Genevieve, who saved the city from destruction by Attila the Hun, is also venerated here.

The area round the church is named the Montagne Sainte-Geneviève after her. Because of the church's prestigious heritage, men of importance have been entombed here, including the philosopher Blaise Pascal and the dramatist Jean Racine. The church also possesses the sarcophagus, which is said to contain a stone from the tomb of Saint Genevieve. The church was constructed during the Late Gothic period to the Renaissance, which is reflected in its architecture. Visitors are delighted by the unusual interior with a famed rood screen by Philibert de l'Orme, dramatic spiral staircases, and ornate Gothic vaulting over the crossing. The Renaissance-era round pillars add to a sense of harmony. The sanctuary is illuminated by dazzling stained-glass windows of the 16th century and 17th century depicting the Apocalypse and the Parable of the Marriage Feast. The richly decorated exterior, except for a 13th-century turret, is a masterpiece of Renaissance craftsmanship.

Address: Place Sainte-Geneviève, 75005 Paris (Maubert-Mutualité or Cardinal Lemoine station) 11 Eglise Sainte-Marie-Madeleine Eglise Sainte-Marie-Madeleine Share: Known simply as "La Madeleine," the Eglise Sainte-Marie-Madeleine is an atypical church built to resemble a classical temple of ancient Greece. The grandiose building boasts a considerable size at 108 meters long by 43 meters wide. The foundation stone of a Baroque church was laid in 1763. During the reign of Louis XVI, it was decided to alter the plan to a Neoclassical church on the model of the Panthéon to give more prominence to the dome. The impressive classical-style exterior features 54 Corinthian columns and reliefs of the Ten Commandments and the Last Judgment. Upon entering, the beauty of the opulent interior dazzles viewers with its fine decor and elaborate gilded detailing. Three domes allow light to stream into the sanctuary, creating a serene effect.

Noteworthy works of art include reliefs of the 12 Apostles, a 19th-century Baptism of Christ sculpture, and a marble group on the high altar representing the assumption of Mary Magdalene into heaven. A sumptuous fresco depicts Constantine the Great, Joan of Arc, Saint Louis, Michelangelo, Raphael, Dante, Napoleon, and other leading figures. The church has a famous Cavaillé-Coll organ, which is still used for music recitals. Address: Address: Place de la Madeleine, 14 Rue de Surène, 75008 Paris (Métro: Madeleine, Saint-Augustin, or Miromesnil station) 12 Eglise Saint-Louis en l'Île Near the most famous ice cream parlor in Paris, Maison Berthillon (29-31 Rue Saint-Louis en l'Île), this fascinating historic church is worth a visit while exploring the quaint cobblestone streets of the Île Saint-Louis. From Berthillon, the church is only a few minutes' walk away.

The Eglise Saint-Louis en l'Île was founded in 1664 and designed in the Baroque style by the architects Louis Le Vau and Gabriel Le Duc, however the history of its relics dates back further. The church is dedicated to Saint Louis, King of France (Louis IX) who reigned from 1226 to 1270 and came to pray on the Île Saint-Louis, which at the time was covered with fields where cows grazed. From this location in 1269, the King set out to join his Knights on the Crusades to defend Jerusalem . Along the way, Louis bought the Emperor Baldwin II of Constantinople's relic of the crown of thorns; this is displayed on the statue placed in the organ loft. Because the King procured these precious relics from the Crusades, this church would later become a sacred monument.

Address: Address: 3 Rue Poulletier, 75004 Paris (Métro: Pont Marie or Sully-Morland station) Hotels Guided Visit of Notre Dame and Ile de la Cité Guided Visit of Notre Dame and Ile de la Cité Guided Visit of Notre Dame and Ile de la Cité Product ID: 10511 Certified This activity has GetYourGuide's stamp of approval! Exceptional customer service, knowledgeable staff, and a great time guaranteed. Save time waiting in line with this ticket Save Time Waiting in Line Tired of queuing? With this ticket you can skip long lines, saving you precious time to spend enjoying your day. Was this helpful? Enjoy a 2-hour guided tour of Notre Dame and Ile de la Cité Walk around Ile de la Cité, the center of medieval and Gothic Paris Enjoy fantastic views of Paris from the top of the towers (if option selected) Explore the Notre Dame Cathedral, a stunning Gothic masterpiece dating back to the 12th century Excellent tour - highly recommend this one! The guide was very good. The explanation of the history and background of the cathedral and the surrounding buildings made our visit much more enjoyable.

Colin from St. Thomas, Canada Overview Take a journey into the heart of medieval and Gothic Paris on a 2-hour guided tour. Visit the Notre Dame Cathedral, its famous bell towers, and climb 387 steps for a dramatic view over the entire city of Paris. Explore the beautiful Ile de la Cité. What to Expect Begin with a walking tour of the famous Ile de la Cité, the heart of medieval Paris and one of two natural islands on the Seine River. This historic place has been home to kings, revolutions and infamous gargoyles. Inhabited since Roman times, the Ile De la Cité is a perfect introduction to the beauty and splendor of Paris, lying at the heart of its gorgeous, bustling streets. Here you will see why Victor Hugo selected the Notre Dame as the setting for his widely acclaimed novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame. Building began on the Notre Dame Cathedral in 1163 but was not completed until 1345. History will unfold before you as your guide recounts the amazing story of the Notre Dame from its beginning through to the current day.

With flying buttresses, menacing gargoyles, soaring spires, a monumental organ and imposing bell towers, the gothic architecture creates an ambience that is as beautiful as it is ominous. Inside the cathedral, you will see the 13th century stained glass windows that line the cathedral and marvel at the three portals that show scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary, the Last Judgment and the life of St. Anne, the Virgin Mary's mother. For a dramatic finish, skip the line and climb the 387 steps to the Notre Dame bell towers (if option selected) for a gargoyle’s-eye-view of Paris.

What's Included Audio-sets to hear your guide better Skip-the-line ticket to the Notre Dame Towers (if option booked) What's Not Included Architecture of Paris CITY PAGE: Architecture of Paris INTRODUCTION The architectural history of Paris can be divided into four time periods: Roman, Medieval, Renaissance, and Classical.ï¿½ The Roman period of architecture was symmetrical and organized.ï¿½ Most Roman buildings were made of concrete, which simulated limestone.ï¿½ Roman architecture almost always had columns that gave its buildings a majestic, dominating feeling.ï¿½ The Medieval period of architecture was very different from the Roman period.ï¿½ Buildings were erected haphazardly and streets were narrow and unplanned.ï¿½ It was a period of regression that was followed by the Renaissance.ï¿½ The Renaissance style in Paris was inspired by the Italian Renaissance.ï¿½ The architecture of the Renaissance was symmetrical and proportional, much like Roman architecture.ï¿½ During the Renaissance period Paris imitated the architecture of others, rather than developing its own style.ï¿½ It was an important period nonetheless because it started the path towards French Classicism .ï¿½ French Classicism was based on the styles of Ancient and Renaissance architecture.

It used the traditional columns and proportions of Roman architecture and the decorative elements of Renaissance architecture but added a new element to the mixture that made it truly French.ï¿½ The French Classical style, developed in the 1600s, made Paris famous for its architecture, which has been emulated around the world, especially in American cities, such as Washington D.C, Chicago and New York. ROMAN CITY Paris began as a Roman city called Lutetia.ï¿½ It was established on what is now known as the Ile de la Citï¿½ and eventually expanded to the Rï¿½ve Gauche, or Left Bank, of the Seine river.ï¿½ It was the largest city in Europe, but when the Roman Empire collapsed in the Fifth century A.D., so did Lutetia. All of its impressive architecture was gone by the beginning of the Middle Ages.ï¿½ Many other European cities, also founded by the Romans, underwent the same collapse. Roman building utilized arches and vaults.ï¿½ Columns were no longer needed to support the roofs of buildings but were still used to create a sense of strength and grandeur.ï¿½ The Roman cities were grids with many public spaces.

MEDIEVAL CITY During the medieval period Paris became cluttered, disorganized and claustrophobic.ï¿½ This chaos was the result of "organic growth."ï¿½ There was no layout plan for the city and people simply erected buildings where they wished.ï¿½ Paris was maze-like, with narrow, curving, unplanned streets. During the architectural period of the medieval city, two types of buildings emerged: the gabled house and the hï¿½tel.ï¿½ Most Parisians lived in gabled houses.ï¿½ Their facades were built and designed by carpenters.ï¿½ Artisans of lesser skill completed the work on the timber frame.ï¿½ The gabled houses were simple but not devoid of ornamentation.ï¿½ The variety in the woodwork around the door frames and the first-floor ceilings gave each house a unique quality, even though they were practically identical in shape and layout.ï¿½ In the fourteenth century, masons replaced carpenters as the producers of gabled houses.ï¿½ The frames of the houses were made of stone and mortar rather than timber, which made them sturdier and safer.

The other type of building that emerged during the Middle Ages was the hï¿½tel where the aristocracy and royalty resided.ï¿½ The advent of the hï¿½tel was a turning point in Parisian architecture because it was when architects first became involved in the building and design of the city.ï¿½ Henceforth, architects would play an expanding role in Parisian architecture and urban planning. At the end of the fifteenth century Paris began to be influenced by the architecture of the Italian Renaissance.ï¿½ It was not until the early sixteenth century, behind Italy by a hundred years, that Paris began to adopt the Renaissance style of architecture wholesale.ï¿½ The Renaissance city had deliberate planning and a predetermined layout.ï¿½ Following this trend, Paris started to become more organized and coherent.ï¿½ Because of their complexity, these plans required architects, who therefore became a larger part of city construction.

One of the first important Renaissance projects was the reconstruction of the Pont de Notre Dame, the bridge that connected the Ile de la Citï¿½ to the Left Bank of the Seine.ï¿½ The new bridge embodied many of the cardinal characteristics of the period: it was very wide, with orderly houses on either side, and it created a feeling of space and regularity. The Renaissance style of architecture was advanced primarily by the patronage of Franï¿½ois Ier (1515-1547).ï¿½ He commissioned Italian architects to aid in the revival of Paris.ï¿½ The most important architect he hired was Sebastiano Serlio (1475-1554), who designed the Grand Ferrare at Fontainbleau from 1544-1546.ï¿½ The two most important aspects of Serlioï¿½s buildings were symmetry and proportion.

Parisian architecture didnï¿½t just imitate Italian architecture during the Renaissance period, it also began to develop its own style.ï¿½ Under the influence of Henry IV (1589-1610), three piazzi were built: the Place Dauphine, the Place Royale and the Place de France.ï¿½ Although influenced by Serlio, the three piazzi, which were meant to embody modernity and France, were novel and distinctively Parisian.ï¿½ They "transformed the city and gave Paris the pattern for three centuries of urban design.ï¿½ Had he lived, Henry IV would be known today as the greatest early town planner.ï¿½ At last, the city had left the Middle Ages, and the way to a French urban classicism was open." The Renaissance was followed by a period of French classicism that continued to fashion Paris until the twentieth century.

CLASSICAL CITY In the early 1600s, Paris still had not developed its own style of architecture.ï¿½ Parisian architecture still embodied the classical style of the Ancient world and of the Italian Renaissance style.ï¿½ Parisian architecture began to evolve its own style when uniqueness and grace were added to the regularity and proportion of the Ancient and Renaissance styles. ï¿½This was the birth of French classicism, a balance between tradition and novelty, that the country could call its own.ï¿½ As French classicism flourished, interest in Italian architecture and architects declined.ï¿½ The Crown, especially Louis XIV (1643-1715), was enthusiastic about the architectural innovations that were taking place in Paris and used its patronage to encourage classicism.ï¿½ Classical buildings were made with top quality materials, were symmetrical and proportional, and had many of the same regal and imposing qualities as Roman and Renaissance buildings. The architecture of Paris maintained a balance between continuity and variety.ï¿½ Variety was provided by the unique visions of architects and their patrons.ï¿½ Continuity was achieved through adherence to prescribed theories and concepts taught at the Acadï¿½mie Royale dï¿½Architecture.

The Acadï¿½mie Royale dï¿½Architecture was founded in 1671.ï¿½ It helped with the continuing expansion of the architectural profession by providing classes for students interested in the field.ï¿½ As a result of the success of the Acadï¿½mie, all the major buildings in Paris were now completely designed by architects.

Question: Which is the most famous building on the Ile de la Cite in Paris?
Answer: NOTRE DAME