Pakistan This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Pakistan Description of Flag The Pakistan Flag was designed by Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah ** , the founder of Pakistan. The national flag of Pakistan is dark green in colour with a white bar, a white crescent in the centre and a five-pointed star. The significance of the colour and symbols used in the Pakistan Flag is as follows: The white and dark green field represents minorities & Muslim majority, respectively. The crescent on the flag represents progress. The five-rayed star represents light and knowledge. From , collected by Ivan Sache, 21 October 2008 Flag display in Pakistan easily exceeds that of the US. Pakistani's are very proud of the flag and display it everywhere. I was amazed at how many Pakistani flags I saw flying from private homes, even out in the country side. Even though there are specific proportions for all the parts on Pakistan's flag, said specifications were seldom followed on any flag I saw with the exception of some printed flags I ran up upon.

Clay Moss, 4 July 2001 A note in Album des Pavillons (2000) explains that this flag is not to be flown as a civil flag. The correction 1 to Album des Pavillons (2000) has an entry for Pakistan, but from what I could see, the only difference is more detailed construction information for the national flag. I believe that both issues contain correct construction information, though. Željko Heimer, 8 September 2002 According to Vlaggen van de wereld, the flag of Pakistan is so important for that country that it appears in the national anthem. Indeed, shows the third verse of the anthem to start with, in English: "This Flag of the Crescent and Star, Leads the way to progress and perfection." Peter Hans van den Muijzenberg, 23 December 2011 The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics ( Flags and Anthems Manual London 2012 ) provides recommendations for national flag designs. Each NOC was sent an image of the flag, including the PMS shades, for their approval by LOCOG.

Once this was obtained, LOCOG produced a 60 x 90 cm version of the flag for further approval. So, while these specs may not be the official, government, version of each flag, they are certainly what the NOC believed the flag to be. For Pakistan: PMS 343 green. The vertical flag is simply the horizontal version turned 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 11 October 2012 On a Pakistan government webpage (now only available on the Internet Archive ) it is reported that the the Pakistan flag was designed by Ameer-ud-din Khidwai.

Collected by Dov Gutterman, 10 January 1999 The description of the flag is unchanged in a revised version of the page at but the name of the designer has been changed: "The Pakistan Flag was designed by Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan." The "Daily Times", 23 July 2008, quoting the Pakistan Press International (PPI) agency, lists yet another designer of the national flag: "The death anniversary of Master Afzal Hussain, the man who designed the Pakistani flag, should be commemorated at a national level, urged Master Afzal Hussain Foundation Trust chairperson Qamar Sultana Monday. While addressing a press conference at the Karachi Press Club, she said that Hussain designed the national flag but the government had failed to recognize his services. [...] .

Master Afzal died on July 16, 1987." Ivan Sache, 21 October 2008 The Daily Times, Karachi - Friday, October 31, 2008, reported: "Who made Pakistan's first flag, Afzal or Altaf?" By Jamil Khan KARACHI: Once again the controversy of who stitched the first Pakistani flag was brought into the light when Zahoorul Hassan, the son of Master Altaf Hussain, in a press conference at Karachi Club on Thursday, claimed that is father and not his uncle, Master Afzal Hussain, stitched the first Pakistani flag after the announcement of Partition in June 1947. Master Afzal Hussain was formally recognized by former premier Nawaz Sharif, as the person who stitched Pakistan's first flag. Barrister Samin Khan accompanied Zahoor, who lives in Hyderabad, at the press conference. Zahoor stated that his cousins distorted the facts behind the story and deliberately stated that their father had stitched the flag, thus being awarded and recognized by former Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif in 1996.

"I raised this issue many times in the past but no government after 1996 was interested in giving the rightful status to Master Altaf Hussain's family," he said. Zahoor brought his fathers belongings to the press conference, including his father's All India Muslim League National Guards identity card and the photograph taken by an American photographer of Master Altaf stitching Pakistan's national flag in his New Delhi shop. Demanding that the present government should conduct a fair inquiry on the matter, he said that it should also give Master Altaf's family the appropriate status on a national level. Earlier, Barrister Samin Khan narrated his own story of how he and Margaret Bourke White, an American photographer working for Life magazine, witnessed Altaf stitching the Pakistani flag at Master Altaf Hussain's New Delhi shop on June 3 1947. "All India Muslim League Secretary General Nawabzada Liaquat Ali Khan summoned me to accompany the American photographer who wanted to take pictures of different parts of Delhi," said Barrister Samin adding that when they reached Master Altaf Hussain's shop, White photographed Master Altaf stitching the flag.

"The pictures were published in the Life magazine's edition printed on Aug 18 1947, this proves Zahoorul Hassan's claim," he said. Saying that Tehreek-e-Pakistan Karkunan gave a gold medal to Master Altaf Hussain who died in 1967, he stated that the current government should do the same. Chrystian Kretowicz, 31 October 2008 The Husain family does not give up. Quoting "The News", 3 August 2009: "Zahoor-ul-Hasan, the son of Master Altaf Husain, a resident of Hyderabad, has claimed that his father Master Altaf Husain was the actual maker of the Pakistani flag at the time of the creation of Pakistan and demanded that his father�s name be included in the record of the movement of Pakistan. Speaking at a news conference on Sunday, Zahoor-ul-Hasan said at the time when the new state of Pakistan was on the anvil of creation, the Father of the Nation, Quaid-e-Azam, got the flag of Pakistan designed by Amiruddin Kidwai.

Zahoor said the Quaid brought the design to his father Altaf Husain, who was running a tailoring shop in Delhi with the name Husain Brothers. The Quaid asked Altaf Husain to sew the new flag of Pakistan, which he promptly did. Zahoor presented before the press a photo of his father sewing the flag of Pakistan. The photo was also published on August 18 edition of the American weekly magazine LIFE." . Ivan Sache, 29 August 2009 I don't think this information states that Altaf Husain was the designer of the flag. It rather seems to say, he made the first flag but based on the design provided to him by Amiruddin Kidwai. Elias Granqvist, 30 August 2009 The Pakistani flag is flown on the offices and official residences of VIPs when they are home. SIZE OF FLAGS: i) For ceremonial occasions. 21' x 14', 18' x 12', 10' x 6-2/3' or 9' x 6 1/4. ii) For use over buildings.

6' x 4' or 3' x 2'. iii) For cars 12" x 8". iv) For tables 6 1/4" x 4 1/4". Occasions on which Pakistani flag is to be flown i) Pakistan Day (23rd March) ii) Independence Day (14th August) iii) Quaid-e-Azim's Birthday (25th December) iv) Such other days as may be notified by the Government from time to time. Days when flags at half-mast i) Death anniversary of Allama Muhammad Iqbal (21st April) ii) Death anniversary of Quaid-e-Azam (11th September) iii) Death anniversary of Liaquat Ali Khan (16th October) iv) Any other day notified by the Government. Flag to be flown on residences The Pakistan Flag shall be flown on the official residences of the following VIPs when they are home: - 1. The President and Prime Minister of Pakistan. 2. Chairman of the Senate and Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan. 3. Governors of the Provinces. 4.

Federal Ministers and other dignitaries entitled to the privileges of the Ministers of the Government of Pakistan. 5. Chief Ministers and Ministers of Provinces. 6. The Chief Election Commissioner. 7. Deputy Chairman of the Senate / Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan. 8. Speakers of the Provincial Assemblies. 9. Diplomatic Representatives of Pakistan in foreign countries. 10. Commissioners of Divisions, Deputy Commissioners and Political Agents. Note: - The Pakistan Flag will be flown on the official residence of the President / Prime Minister alongside his personal standard. Flag to be flown on motorcars The following persons shall be entitled to fly the Pakistan Flag on their motor cars, vessels and aeroplanes, when the dignitaries themselves are seated: - 1. The President of Pakistan. 2. The Prime Minister of Pakistan. 3. The Chairman of the Senate of Pakistan. 4. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Pakistan. 5. Chief Justice of Pakistan. 6. The Governors of the Provinces. 7. The Chief Ministers of the Provinces. 8. Chief Justices of the High Courts. Note: - The President / Prime Minister may fly two flags i.e., his personal flag in addition to the National Flag.

Located by Dov Gutterman, 8 August 2002 Pakistan Flag colors - Pakistan Flag meaning info WORLD RECORDS Pakistan Flag The national flag of Pakistan (پاکستان کا قومی پرچم‎) is a green field with a white crescent moon and five-rayed star at its center, and a vertical white stripe at the hoist side. Pakistan Flag - Colors - meaning and symbolism Green represents Islam as it is believed to be a favorite color of Prophet Muhammad and his daughter, Fatima. Green is also mentioned several times in the Quran, in relation to paradise. White represents religious minorities and minority religions Crescent symbolizes progress Star represents light and knowledge Pakistan Flag - facts The flag was designed by Amiruddin Kidwai, and is based on the flag of All-India Muslim League. The flag is referred to in the national anthem as the Flag of the Crescent and Star.

Pakistan National Flag Full-mast flying days March 23 - Pakistan Day December 25 - Birthday of the Father of the Nation, Muhammad Ali Jinnah Pakistan National Flag Half-mast flying days April 21 - Death Anniversary of the National Poet, Muhammad Iqbal September 11 - Death Anniversary of the Father of the Nation, Muhammad Ali Jinnah Pakistan National Flag - Proper dimensions for ceremonies 21 ft. × 14 ft., 18 ft. × 12 ft., 10 ft. × 6.67 ft. or 9 ft. × 6.25 ft. on buildings 6 ft. × 4 ft. or 3 ft. × 2 ft.

on vehicles 24 inches × 16 inches on tables 10.25 inches × 8.25 inches Officals whose official residences/offical vehicles are permitted to fly the national flag The President of Pakistan (official residence and official vehicle) The Prime Minister of Pakistan (official residence and official vehicle) The Chairman of the Senate (official residence and official vehicle) The Speaker of the National Assembly (official residence and official vehicle) The Chief Justice of Pakistan (official residence and official vehicle) The Chief Justice of the Federal Shariat Court (official residence and official vehicle) The Governors of the Provinces (official residence and official vehicle) Federal Ministers (official residence and official vehicle) The Chief Ministers of the Provinces (official residence and official vehicle) The Ministers of the Provinces (official residence) The Chief Election Commissioner (official residence) The Deputy Chairman of the Senate (official residence) The Deputy Speaker of the National Assembly (official residence) The Speakers of the Provincial Assemblies (official residence) The Chief Justices of the High Courts (official residence) Commissioners of Divisions, Deputy Commissioners and Political Agents (official residence) Ambassadors and High Commissioners of Pakistan (official residence and official vehicle) Pakistan National Flag - etiquette No other flag must fly higher (

except the United Nations flag at United Nations buildings).

When displayed or flown alongside other national flags, the National Flag must be displayed or flown at the same height as the other national flags, never lower. When displayed alongside provincial, military or corporate flags, the National Flag must be higher. When tied to a mast, it must be tied only at the left (at the beginning of the white bar) and left to fly freely without any obstruction. Must not touch the ground, shoes or ft. or anything unclean Must never be flown in darkness. Must be raised at dawn and lowered at dusk (except on the Parliament of Pakistan, which is the only official building on which the flag is never lowered). When flown over the Parliament of Pakistan at night, it must always remain alit with artificial light Must not be marked with anything (including words or pictures). When raising: (i) must be saluted to by all uniformed personnel, (ii) others must stand in attention. Must be raised or lowered ceremoniously. Must never be displayed vertically When displayed horizontally, the white strip must always be at the left, with green field on the right. Must not fly or be displayed upside down (except in case of distress in country) or with the crescent and star facing left.

Must not be displayed anywhere where it is likely to get dirty. Must not be set on fire or trampled upon. Must not be buried or lowered into a grave (when burying a flag-bearing casket, the National Flag must be detached from the casket and held above the grave as the casket is lowered or removed from the casket before burial). Pakistan Flag - Picture Flag of Pakistan South America Flag of Pakistan Pakistan is a nation in South Asia and is formally called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The flag of Pakistan comprises of a green field and in the center is a symbol of a white crescent moon and a five pointed star. There are vertical white bands positioned at the hoist side of the flag. The color green used in the flag is called a Pakistan green which is a darker shade of green. The flag’s designer is Amiruddin Kidwai and the source of the flag can be found in the All-India Muslim League flag. The flag is officially referred in Pakistan’s national anthem as the Parcham-e-Sitāra-o-Hilāl in Persian meaning “flag of the crescent and star”.

The design of the flag was accepted on August 11, 1947 and the Pakistan government invited the people to raise and display the flag during certain important days. The flag is raised in various nationally significant days of the year like the Independence Day and the Republic Day. It is also raised in the date of March 23 every year marking the implementation of the Lahore Resolution. The Independence Day of Pakistan is celebrated on August 14 every year and the flag is always displayed throughout the country on this date. The colors and symbols in the Pakistan flag have meanings. The color green symbolizes the Muslim Majority in the country while the white stripes stand for the religious minorities. The white crescent and the star represent progress and light. The flag bears the country’s religious faith to Islam, to the Islamic community and the rights of the religious minorities as well. The flag’s design being grounded on the flag of the Muslim League also bears some resemblance and insight from the banner of the Sultanate of Delhi and emblem used by the Mughal Empire. 8 responses to “Flag of Pakistan” I Love my country PAKISTAN and I love the flag of pakistan ….

I Proud that I am Pakistani ……Pakistan Live Long Forever and ever and ever Muhammad saleem okarvi I love my sweet sweet Pakistan. I pray that our flag display top of world flags…… I m proud of Pakistani…… May Allah blessing every time. usman Who made 1st the flage? Mohammad Cresent and star in pakistani flag means progress and light Ashley H. I agree with you Noman Khalid Leave a Reply Pakistan Flag The flag of Pakistan Flag of Pakistan Islamic Republic of Pakistan, Islam-i Jamhuriya-e Pakistan Pakistan's Flag was officially adopted on 14 August 1947 thee date of independence of Pakistan from the British when India was divided into two countries. coat of arms adopted 23 March 1956. The Pakistan Flag was designed by Ameer-ud-din Khidwai. The national flag of Pakistan is dark green in colour with a white bar, a white crescent in the centre and a five-pointed star. The significance of the colour and symbols used in the Pakistan Flag is as follows: The white and dark green field represents minorities & Muslim majority, respectively. The crescent on the flag represents progress. The five-rayed star represents light and knowledge.

Pakistani's are proud of the flag and display it everywhere. On 14th August The independence day you can nearly see a Flag on every single Pakistani house, Car & Motocycle. All public places are decorated with numerous Flags. Some facts about the Pakistani flag It as designed and adapted on 11th August 1947 The green color is dark green also known as Pakistan Green The Color code of green is "#006600" At UN Pakistan flag flies at same level as other no other flag is higher except the flag of UN itself. National must be tied higher the the provincial or other flags in the country When tied to a mast, it must be tied only at the left (at the beginning of the white bar) and left to fly freely without any obstruction. The Pak flag must not touch the ground, shoes or feet or anything unclean. Flag is lowered during night. Flag is brought down at dusk and raised at dawn Pak flag must not be marked with anything (including words or pictures). When raising: (i) must be saluted to by all uniformed personnel, (ii) others must stand in attention. Must not fly or be displayed upside down or with the crescent and star facing left.

Must not be displayed anywhere where it is likely to get dirty. Must not be set on fire or trampled upon. Must not be buried or lowered into a grave (when burying a flag-bearing casket, the National Flag must be detached from the casket and held above the grave as the casket is lowered or removed from the casket before burial). How to construct the proper Pakistani flag Official sizes of Pakistani flags are :- For ceremonial occasions. 21' × 14' or 18' × 12' or 10' × 6' or 9' × 6¼'. For erecting over the buildings. 6' × 4' or 3' × 2'. For cars 24" × 16". For tables 10¼" × 8¼".

To draw the flag make a box measuring for example 10.25 x 8.25 piece of paper approximately A4 size take 1/4th part of it on the left and paint rest as green Now draw the crescent and moon as shown in the figure blow make sure that one corner of star is exactly pointing to top right corner of the flag and the center point of the circle of the moon is exactly the center of the green part of the flag Advertisement Advertise on this site click for advertising rates PAKISTAN GUIDE Pakistan (Pakistani) Flag India Flag Pakistan Flag Description The flag of Pakistan is known by the name Parcham-e-Sitāra-o-Hilāl, meaning the flag of the crescent and star. The flag is dark green, with a vertical white bar taking up a quarter of the flag on the hoist side. A white crescent moon and five-pointed star are centered on the green field. The flag of Pakistan closely resembles the flag of the political party, the All-Indian Muslim League, which consists of the same green field, moon, and star as the flag of Pakistan, without the white stripe. The white stripe represents the non-Muslim, religious minorities of Pakistan.

The dark green color represents the Islamic religion, and the celestial symbols on the flag of Pakistan are meant to represent progress, light, and knowledge. History of Pakistan's Flag The region that is now Pakistan became part of the Dominion of Pakistan after the partition of India divided the land into India and Pakistan. The Dominion of Pakistan was the Muslim-majority region, adopting its flag based on the Muslim League flag upon independence. The Muslim League's flag was based on flags from early in India's history. Pakistan's leaders had the flag designed and modeled after the political party's flag to represent the new independent nation and its connection to the Muslim League. ACOD~20120830 Flag of Pakistan # A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z NEW RANDOM Flag of Pakistan This page is about the meaning, origin and characteristic of the symbol, emblem, seal, sign, logo or flag: Flag of Pakistan.

The national flag of Pakistan (Urdu: پاکستان کا قومی پرچم‎, Pākistān kā Qaumī Pārc̱am) was adopted in its present form during a meeting of the Constituent Assembly on August 11, 1947, just three days before the country's independence, when it became the official flag of the Dominion of Pakistan. It was afterwards retained by the current-day Islamic Republic of Pakistan. The flag is a green field with a white crescent moon and five-rayed star at its center, and a vertical white stripe at the hoist side. Though the green color is mandated only as 'dark green', its official and most consistent representation is Pakistan green, which is shaded distinctively darker. The flag was designed by Amiruddin Kidwai, and is based on the All-India Muslim League flag. Pakistan - Political flags This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Pakistan - Political flags Some unidentified Pakistani flags (help wanted for identification!) See also: Pakistan Peoples Party - Murtazi Bhutto's faction image by Joe McMillan The Pakistani flag is derived from a party flag.

The ruling PPP of Benazir Bhutto uses a flag which incorporates the basic flag design (white inclined crescent and star on dark green), the same is true for the separatist faction of the PPP let by Mrs Bhutto's brother. Both parties use vertical tricolors. Harald M�ller, 28 October 1996 Yesterday I saw on the news a report on the murder of Pakistani politician Murtazi Bhutto, brother of prime minister Benazir Bhutto, and one of the strongest oppositions leaders. There was a short scene from archives of one of his speeches a few days ago, where he sat at the table on which there was a flag I haven't seen before. I suppose that it is the flag of his party (which I don't remember what it is called). The flag was a vertical tricolour of red (at the hoist) - black - green with a white crescent and star very similar in shape to the one on Pakistani national flag. The flag looks quite dark with this choice of colours, but quite effective if you ask me.

�eljko Heimer, 22 September 1996 This would appear very similar to an old flag of Libya (1950-1969), which was red-black-green in three stripes, but horizontal (with the black stripe twice as wide as the other stripes). There was a white crescent and star on the black stripe. Source: The International Flag Book in Colour, C.F. Pedersen (1970) James Dignan, 25 September 1996 Two offshoots of this party are represented in the newly elected parliament, PPP-Parliamentarians and PPP-Sherpao. PPP-P won 71 of the 342 seats (25.8% of the vote) and is the largest single block in the National Assembly. PPP-Sherpao won two seats. The websites of both Benazir Bhutto's faction of the party and her brother's widow show identical flags, a red-black-green vertical tricolor with a white crescent and star on the black stripe.

(I'm not quite clear on how these long-established factions relate to the offshoots elected to parliament, as Benazir herself is in exile and definitely persona non grata.) We show (below) a plain tricolor without the crescent and star, identifying it as the flag of the faction led by Benazir. I saw a number of the plain tricolors, especially before crossing the Indus River from Punjab into the Northwest Frontier Province (NWFP), as well as a few on the outskirts of Peshawar on which some kind of white logo but not the crescent and star had been applied to the black stripe. I'm forwarding the flag as seen on the party websites. Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 The latest photos I have (but months before Joe's trip) show the flag with a white horizontal sword in the lower part. Jaume Oll�, 31 January 2003 Might it have been an arrow? One of the PPP factions was using an arrow as a party symbol, although I did not see it on a flag. The unidentifiable logo I saw was clearly not a sword--it looked like an American football with an inscription below it.

Joe McMillan, 1 February 2003 Pakistan Peoples Party - Benazir Bhutto's faction image by Jorge Candeias Yesterday, in a news report on the nuclear tensions between India and Pakistan, I saw an unknown to me flag: a 1:2 vertical tricolour of red, black and green. It was being flown in a military parade. Any ideas? Jorge Candeias, 18 May 1998 It's the flag of the Pakistan People's Party, of which Benazir Bhutto is the leader. Flags of political parties throughout the sub-continent tend to be modified at the whim of the maker: crescents, stars, slogans, images of people, (usually the leader), etc., are all commonly displayed on them. Glen Robert-Grant Hodgins, 19 May 1998 A few days ago, television news covered the arrival back in Pakistan of Benazir Bhutto. A large rally was shown in one scene, with a lot of flags, mainly of two sorts.

One of those was a variant on a flag shown above ( Murtazi Bhutto's faction ), with the white crescent and star on a red-black-green vertical tricolour. It had the addition, however, of script in white under the crescent and star. James Dignan, 22 October 2007 image by Eugene Ipavec, 28 December 2007 At the funeral of Benazir Bhutto, the coffin was covered with the red-black-green tricolor flag of the Pakistan People's Party, but oddly with a crescent & star in the middle stripe as identified here as the flag of the PPP's "Murtazi Bhutto's faction." Benazir Bhutto's faction's flag used to lack the charge. I assume the party has reunited in the four years since? The coffin flag was in the longer proportions of the Benazir faction, and the crescent & star were rendered differently (thicker): Eugene Ipavec, 28 December 2007 image by Clay Moss, 28 December 2007 I have also seen a party flag variant(?) with an arrow that was prominently displayed on BBC. I saw two versions of this same flag.

One was on BBC's website and the other was on BBC television. Clay Moss, 28 December 2007 A recent Reuters news photo showed the PPP flag of red/black/green tricolor with crescent and star, but also what appears to be an arrow and Arabic script just below, all in the center black stripe. Is this a faction flag of the PPP and which one? Tom Carrier, 29 December 2007 A second flag was also in evidence - a France-like tricolour of red-white-blue, with script across the bottom in red and white, and three or four Roman/European letters vertically in red on the white stripe, "? P M A". James Dignan, 22 October 2007 Muslim League The ruling party in Pakistan is currently the Muslim League. It's flag is a white crescent on a green field, (just like the Pakistani national flag, but without the white bar at the hoist); in fact, the Pakistani national flag was based upon the flag of the Muslim League, just as the Indian national flag was based upon that of the Indian National Congress.

Glen Robert-Grant Hodgins, 19 May 1998 Parties of this name have come and gone since before independence. The current incarnation was the party of former Prime Ministers Junejo and Nawaz Sharif. It is now split into a number of factions, five of which won seats in the October election: PML-Quaid-i-Azam (69 seats, 25.7% of the vote), PML-Nawaz (14 seats, 9.4%), PML-Functional (4 seats, 1.1%), PML-Junejo (2 seats, 0.7%) and PML-Shahid Zia (1 seat, 0.3%). The flag of the PML is green with the white crescent and star--basically the national flag minus the white stripe at the hoist. This flag can also be seen at the website-in-exile of the Nawaz faction. Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 Jamiat e Islami image by Ant�nio Martins and Mario Fabretto Yesterday, the news was full of reports from demonstrations against Mrs Bhutto, now led by the party jam'at alislami.

Its flag replaces the white stripe of the national flag by a light blue and a white stripe (ratio approx 2:1). Moreover, the crescent and star point towards the hoist. Perhaps, the orientation of the crescent reflects the orientation of the party (which, in this case, is considered to be a "fundamentalist" one). Harald M�ller, 28 October 1996 In yesterday's paper Publico I saw a photo taken in Islamabad (a demonstrator holding a sign saying "CRUSH INDIA") with two or three flags on background: per bend azure over green, a bend argent. Does this ring a bell to someone? Ant�nio Martins, 15 May 1998 That's the flag of the party Jamiat Al Islami. At least three versions are know, all in vertical blue (at hoist) and green at fly (1:4) and a narrow white stripe between the two bands. The differences are the following: 1) the first one has the crescent and star (like the Pakistan national flag) and below the shahada.

2) the second has only the crescent and star (reported by Harald Mueller, former list member, with the crescent pointing towards the hoist and slighty rotated to the bottom; but I saw it in TV with the crescent and star in normal position). 3) The third has only the shahada and no crescent and star. Seems to me that the last one is the official version. The second one is the most frequently used by the people; the first one is a variant of the other two. Jaume Oll�, 17 May 1998 image by Jorge Hurtado The Party Jam�t-e-Islami (Islamist party) flag was seen on a visit to Pakistan from February to March 2001. Michel Lupant, published in Gaceta de Banderas , October 2001 The Jamaat-e-Islami is a very conservative Islamist party that is one of the two leading components of the MMA, the Islamist coalition. The MMA won 53 seats in the national assembly (11.3% of the vote) as well as control over the state assembly of NWFP. We have an image of one and describe several others on our party flag page.

I saw this flag on at least 100 houses and commercial buildings between the Indus and Peshawar--green field with light blue and white vertical stripes at the hoist, and on the green field a crescent star opening toward the upper hoist (the crescent thinner and shallower than that on the national flag) and the shahada in white at the top. Also visible on the party website . Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 Jamiat Ulama'a e Islam image by Santiago Dotor A poster was displayed in Quetta, Pakistan, showing this flag along with what appear to be variants of the Taliban flag (white with one or another variant of the shehada), displayed in Quetta, Pakistan. Al Kirsch, 13 October 2001 Some time ago I recorded a photo from the news of a demonstration in Sindh. The demonstrators hoisted a flag in the Catalan pattern (4 bars) white on dark (probably black or dark red).

Many years ago, when Islamism didn't exist at the level of political organisations, I saw this flag many times on TV in new related to Pakistan, Sindh or Punjab (green, black or blue were the colors that I seemed to see). Currently the flag seems to be identified as an Islamist party flag, but why does it exist from many years ago? Can it be a regional flag? Probably regional flags exist in Pakistan. Some years ago, in my notes, and from other vexillologists, it seems that is has only three white bars (and four green). I saw a photo of Jaipur in Punjab with a similar flag (the flag is not totally visible, but could be three white bars on blue of three blue bars on white. Jaume Oll�, 30 August 1999 The faction of this even more hardline Islamist party led by Fezlur Rehman (and known by the ironic abbreviation JUI-F) is the other main component of the MMA coalition. The JUI flag, seen in the logo on its website is black with four narrow white horizontal stripes.

Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 Variants of this flag image by Santiago Dotor During demonstrations in Peshawar, this flag was also seen in a square (1:1) format, almost certainly black (it could be mistaken with very-very dark green at first glance) and had four white horizontal stripes. The proportion of the white and black stripes was 2:3. Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 I have just seen a documentary on the "Talibanization" of Pakistan, and in it the Islamist MMA party was holding a rally, at which there was a variation of this flag with the black stripes twice the size of the white stripes. Nygdan, 9 January 2006 National Alliance Party image by Joe McMillan A coalition of moderate secular parties which won 12 seats (4.6% of the vote) in the national assembly. At the flag of the Pakistan National Alliance, which seems to be the same group, is shown as green with nine white stars, 3 x 3, each star tilted about 30 degrees counterclockwise.

Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 The nine stars flag was reported some years ago as the flag of IDA, Islamic Democratic Alliance. Jaume Oll�, 31 January 2003 Millat Party image by Joe McMillan One of the component parties of the PNA. I saw this flag--divided lower hoist to upper fly, red over green, with the white crescent and star overall--on Pakistani television on 12 January and was able to identify it from Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 This is the flag of Khaksar Tehrik, a political party in Pakistan. The English translation of "Tehrik" is "Movement".

See for information on Allama Mashriqi -scholar and founder of the Khaksar movement Office of Allama Mashriqi, 29 Nov 1999 Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf image by Joe McMillan A small party favoring "a model moderate Islamic republic, political freedom, economic opportunity, and social justice," but best known for being led by the great cricket player Imran Khan, who won the party's only parliamentary seat (the party got 0.8% of the vote). The flag can be seen at : horizontally green over red with a white crescent and star overall. Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 Pakistan Awami Tehreek image by Joe McMillan A rather Iranian-looking flag for a party with 1 parliamentary seat and 0.7% of the vote. Despite its small support base, I saw several of these flags on the outskirts of Peshawar: horizontal tricolor, red-white-green.

Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 Party El Jihad Tanzim image by Jorge Hurtado Seen on a visit to Pakistan from February to March 2001, this flag is fairly new as far as I know, though I have seen the flag on TV. Can anybody identify the inscription? Michel Lupant, published in Gaceta de Banderas , October 2001 The inscription is Akbar = The greatest. Dov Gutterman, 16 October 2001 I would like to contest your translation of Party Al-Jihad Tanzim. It could be read Akbar, but I believe it to be Al-Jihad. Though it could very well have been written this ambiguous way to convey both meanings. As with the following pages which do indeed say al-Jihad, a small 'h' (chhoTii he) is occasionally used instead of the big 'H' (baRii He) in Urdu. If this were pure Arabic, you would be uncontested. But in my opinion, this is a Nastaliq (Perso=Arabic style of the Arabic Alphabet) rendering of Al-Jihad.

Kurt Singer, 24 February 2005 According Flag Report 78 this flag is from JAISH-E-MOHAMMAD (JM) ARMY OF MUHAMMAD (AM) Muhammad Army was created in 2000 by a mullah who previously participated in the kidnapping of a plane and was freed in 2000. In 2002 it was forbidden by President Musharaf, but later restarted its activities. There are two versions of the flag: the official one, according to the documents of the organization, has a white vertical band at hoist and then five vertical bars (3 black and two white) and the rest is white with black disk bearing the inscription in white. This flag is known only by drawings in documents, but in the available photos the flag always has six equal vertical bars at the hoist (white, black, white, black, white, black) and then all white with black disk and white inscription (sometimes the name of the organization in black is below the disk). In drawings the proportions is c. 1:2 but in photos seems to be c.

2:3 Jaume Olle, 5 October 2015 Michel Lupant, published in Gaceta de Banderas , October 2001 This flag and variants was seen in various reports in 2001, and is more fully described on our page on Party Sip�h-e-S�haba. Party Arkat el Mujahideen image by Jorge Hurtado Seen on a visit to Pakistan from February to March 2001, this flag is fairly new as far as I know. Michel Lupant, published in Gaceta de Banderas , October 2001 I believe the inscription is 'the jihad'. Santiago Dotor, 16 October 2001 On ABC Television last night, there was a piece on Pakistanis who've gone to fight with the Taliban in Afghanistan. At one point, there was a brief shot of a billboard in Pakistan about those who've fought. The camera focused on a flag depicted on the bottom left (the "signature" area) of the sign (that is, a small picture of a flying flag on a pole, not a real flag).

The flag was white, with two green stripes running across it- rather than five stripes, white-green-white-green-white, it seemed to be two thick stripes in the center of the flag. In the center of the flag, covering the stripes (they weren't visible under it) was a black and white globe, shown as a circle/sphere with latitude and longitude marked (no continents). Written on the globe was an Arabic (or Urdu/Pashto?) word or two, but the camera moved away before I could make it out. Nathan Lamm, 5 December 2001 Party Jihad image by Jorge Hurtado Seen on a visit to Pakistan from February to March 2001, the Party Jihad, which advocates holy war in Kashmir. This is a fairly new flag as far as I know. I believe the inscription is 'jihad'.

This party flag can be seen at Dov Gutterman, 15 Dec 1999 The MQM was founded in 1981 as "Muhajir Quami Mahaz" (Muhajir National Movement), and was mainly concerned with the rights of post-partition Urdu-speaking migrants from India to Pakistan, who it would like to see recognized as constituting a "fifth nationality". In 1987 the party won a majority of seats in Karachi, and, with 13 seats, became the third biggest party in the National Assembly in 1988. In 1993 the party split in three groups: - The "official" MQM - MQM-Altaf, led by Altaf Husain. resident in London - MQM-Haqiqi, led by Afaq Ahmed It seems that the MQM-Altaf became the dominant party under the name Muttahida Quami Movement.

In 1999 the Pakistani government launched a secretive operation against the MQM, which cost the lives of several prominent party-members, which in its turn caused demonstrations in Karachi Source: Political Handbook of the World, 1997 Fischer Weltalmanach 2001 Jarig Bakker, 17 September 2001 The MQM movement applied to become a member of the UNPO some years ago. They are from the Sind minority living in the Southern part of Pakistan. Pacer Prince, 27 September 2001 Muttahida Quami Movement (formerly Mohajir Quami Movement) (MQM) - The MQM is a mainly Karachi-based party that caters to the interests of Mohajirs, the Muslims who emigrated from India to Pakistan at partition in 1947 and their descendants. It won 13 seats (3.1% of the vote) in the new national assembly. The flag, as shown at consists of vertical stripes of red and dark green at the hoist and a large white field in the fly. The green stripe is sometimes shown equal to the red one and sometimes slightly narrower. Click here for an equal width red/green stripe version.

Joe McMillan, 30 January 2003 Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) I haven't seen any of these in town [Islamabad], but at the website of the Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA) is the MMA party flag: white with a green crescent open toward the upper hoist, with the Arabic words Allahu akbar (God is great) inscribed within the horns of the crescent and the party name in Urdu script at the bottom. This is the union of Islamist parties that got so much attention for its strong showing in the recent elections, including gaining control of the provincial legislature in the heavily Pashtun Northwest Frontier Province. Joe McMillan, 12 January 2003 Pushtunkuwa Milli Awami Party (Pushtunkuwa National Awami Party ) image by Santiago Dotor Yesterday I saw a TV report about the arrest of Maulana Fazlur Rehman, leader of the pro-Taleban Pakistani party Jamiat Ulema Islam.

Even though most images showing him attending demonstrations showed the black flag with white stripes we have already discussed, another demonstration showed several people waving large flags unlike any other of the Pakistani UFEs we have discussed. These were vertical tricolours of red-white-green, with a red star in the centre pointing downwards. The shade of red appeared slightly orange on my monitor. I guess you are thinking I saved my image upside down by some mistake. Well, I am afraid I didn't! I did see several flags, all of them with the red stripe by the *hoist*, and those in which I could see the central star, this was pointing *down*. Santiago Dotor, 8 October 2001 BBC TV also had similar footage. I agree that the red looked orange. My impression - and it's only an impression - was that some stars were pointing downwards, some sideways. Difficult to tell in a couple of seconds and without the video running! I wasn't clear from the commentary who the demonstrators were - the former king of Afghanistan was also mentioned.

Andr� Coutanche, 8 October 2001 This red-white-green tricolour with red upside-down star is that of the Pushtunkuwa National Awami Party. The star is correct as in the image (upside down), even if there might be variations as in Santiago Taz�n's image below. It has been reported on Yahoo Daily News , wrongly attributed to the Jamuhari Watan Party, unless this party uses the same flag. The caption reads: "Pakistani men wave their party's flag and hold up banners during a rally of the JWP (Jamuhari Watan Party, a leftist, nationalist, pro-democracy party) in central Quetta October 7, 2001. Thousands of Pakistan's Pasthun-speaking people heard their leader, Mehmoud Khan Achakzai, call for an independent, democratic government in Afghanistan. The Achakzai leftist Nationalist party is opposed to any U.S. military intervention, saying a democratic Afghanistan would root out foreign terrorists like Osama Bin Laden.

REUTERS/Jerry Lampen" Jaume Oll�, 12 October 2001 Variant of the flag image by Santiago Taz�n I saw this flag in the TV news, today. A Spanish TV channel was broadcasting a report about the Islamic movements of Pakistan, they mixed several images and in one of them appeared several flags like the image that I made. Three vertical stripes, green, white and red; all of them same width. In the center of the white stripe a red five points star. I don't know what group uses it. Santiago Taz�n, 7 October 2001 Islamic Students Organization of Pakistan (Islami Jamiat-e-Talaba) image by Juan Manuel Gabino Villasc�n According to the "El Universal" (Mexican newspaper) this is the flag of the "Islamic Students Organization of Pakistan". I can just identify the text that says "Pakistan" at the end of the sentence, may be it is the organization's name. The orange text says: "Allahu Akbar" (God is almighty).

Juan Manuel Gabino Villasc�n, 13 October 2001 The flag of Islami Jamiat-e-Talaba is green at the hoist, narrow red vertical stripe, last half (more or less) light blue with white crescent and star opening to fly. Whatever website I got this from says the organization was formed in 1947. "Jamiat" means something like "union," I believe, so this would be something like "Islamic Union of Students." A similar flag is at . The colors are the same, but the green and red bands in the hoist are of about equal width, the crescent and star face the hoist, the crescent is thinner and shallower, and the Takbir (Allahu akbar) appears in red between the crescent and the star. The name on this site is given as Islami Jamiat Talibat Pakistan, which should mean Islamic Union of Students of Pakistan. Sounds like the same group, but the site says it was founded in 1969, so apparently not--maybe an offshoot. Joe McMillan, 2 February 2003 Mr.

Juan Manuel Gabino Villascan IS correct on Allaahu Akbar, however the text on the flag says 'Bagistan' NOT 'Pakistan'! Kurt Singer, 24 February 2005 by Santiago Dotor I saw on Polish TG a flag hoisted during an anti-American demonstration in Pakistan (most probably in Peshawar). This flag does not seem to be any of Pakistani political movements' flags, nor it is the Taliban movement's flag, as far as the outside world knows anything about Taliban regime. It's probable that it's to connected to some political and religious movement involving Taliban and Pakistani Moslems. Bartek Wojciechowski, 22 September 2001 There is something written under the crescent. Fortunately, in a TV news coverage this evening a slightly enlarged version of the flag appeared. I took a TV screenshot of it and analyzed the content of the inscription.

Please note it has a rather low degree of accuracy, as: - the shooting quality was poor - transposing images via TV-MAC-PC gives shabby effects - the flag appeared for mere 2.05 sec - the flag was waving - the flag (and letters) was actually inverted - the flag appeared in the very corner of the TV screen - I don't speak Urdu. I have some knowledge of Persian (written in Arabic script as well) though and I tried to put down the letters: I don't understand the first word (words?), but the middle one and the last one go "...Talib Pakistan". That's quite understandable, isn't it? I hope somebody with good command of Urdu or Arabic, maybe will able to correct my version and say what it means. Bartek Wojciechowski, 26 September 2001 This is the flag of islami jamiat e talabe (Islamic Students Organization). Their official website is at: Dr. Zafar Iqbal, 22 April 2006 Hizb ut Tahrir image by Joe McMillan Black with the shahada. Given the source, undoubtedly a radical Islamist group, but a minor political party.

The transliteration of the name is not typical of Urdu, so this may actually be an Arab group of some kind, but the source is in Pakistan. Source: Joe McMillan, 2 February 2003 Gilgit-Baltistan United Movement (GBUM) image by Ant�nio Martins-Tuv�lkin, 15 November 2016 One of the most prominent political movements in present-day Northern Areas of Pakistan (known also as Boloristan, Dardistan, Karakuram, Balawaristan, etc). It advocates a far-reaching autonomy for Gilgit-Baltistan State within Pakistan with the status similar to that of Azad Kashmir. The other main political movements there: Balawaristan National Front and Karakuram National Movement, demand outright independence for the state under their name. An image of the flag of Gilgit-Baltistan United Movement was obtained from the Chairman of GBUM, Mr.Manzoor Hussain Parwana.

Chrystian Kretowicz, 29 March 2008 image from located by Dov Gutterman, 26 May 2002 Hezb-e-Mughalastan stands for independence and reunification of Muslim areas of Pakistan, north India and neighbouring regions. This is a fictional creation, as is most of the other organizations mentioned on . J.A. Sommansson, 23 Febraury 2005 Pasban image by Ian MacDonald, 18 May 2006 An image of this flag was provided by an anonymous site visitor. It can be seen in use at the Pasban home page . [Ed.] Pasban ( The Defenders), is a Pakistani political movement that aims to uproot what it sees as the current oppressive system and to establish a welfare state in Pakistan. Pasban's president is Altaf Shakoor, born in Karachi in 1959. An engineer by education and trader by profession, Shakoor was president of the students' union at NED University of Engineering and Technology in 1981�1982.

The flag consists of a red field with a wide white stripe along the hoist, and a large white disk bearing a red star extending to the edges of the disk. Written verically down the hoist side of the white stripe is the word PASBAN. Ian MacDonald, 18 May 2006 Turkey This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Turkey National flag of Turkey - Image by António Martins, 9 December 2007 Flag in use since 1844 and officially adopted 5 June 1936, coat of arms adopted in 1927. Proportions: 2:3. Description: Red flag with a white crescent and star. Use: on land as the national, civil and war flag, on sea as the national, civil and war ensign, and as the naval jack. Colour approximate specifications (Album des Pavillons [pay00] ) : Red: Pantone 186 c / CMYK (%) 0-90-80-5 Risk of confusion with: Tunisia .

On this page: Turkey: Index of all pages Meaning of the Turkish flag Meaning of flags is a difficult topic, especially when flags are very ancient. There is usually sparse historical evidence and a lot of legends. Moreover, individuals may have their own interpretation of their national flag. Concerning Turkey, the following interpretations are given in the authoritative books by W. Smith ( [smi75c] & [smi80] ): Historical facts. Red has been prominent in Turkish flags for 700 years. The star and crescent * are Muslim symbols, but also have a long pre-Islamic past in Asia Minor. The basic form of the national flag was apparently established in 1793 under Sultan Selim III, when the green flags used by the navy were changed to red and a white crescent and multipointed star were added. The five-pointed star dates from approximately 1844. Except for the issuance of design specifications, no change was made when the Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey and the Caliphate (religious authority) was terminated. Many traditions explain the star and crescent symbol. It is known that Diana was the patron goddess of Byzantium and that her symbol was a moon.

In 330, the Emperor Constantine rededicated the city - which he called Constantinople - to the Virgin Mary, whose star symbol was superimposed over the crescent. In 1453 Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks and renamed Istanbul , but its new rulers may have adopted the existing emblem for their own use. Legends. A reflection of the moon occulting a star, appearing in pools of blood after the battle of Kosovo in 1448 **, led to the adoption of the Turkish flag by Sultan Murad II according to one legend. Others refer to a dream of the first Ottoman Emperor in which a crescent and star appeared from his chest and expanded, presaging the dynasty's seizure of Constantinople. At least three other legends explain the flag. Ivan Sache, 20 January 1999 * In the ancient times the crescent symbolised Artemis and the star was not a star but actually it was the sun, symbol of Apollo. You can find some Roman coins with this composition.

Turhan Turgut, 6 June 2008 ** There was a "Second Kosovo War", which is as popular as the first one from the perspective of Ottoman history, and the year 1448 refers to this war. This war continued for only two days (17-19 October 1448) and it was in the time of Sultan Murat II, unlike the first war (which was during the rule of Sultan Murat I). The resources refer the second war as a bloody war, which supports the legend of the origin of Turkish flag. Onur Özgün, 2 April 2005 Nicknames of the flag Turkish people call their national flag ay yildiz (moon star). Resat Erel, 20 June 1999 Ayyildiz is also the name of a Turkish town at approx. 36.80 latitude, 37.73 longitude. Don White, 2 August 2004 Another nickname for the flag is al sancak, which translates into "red banner". Besides, sancak has its unique meaning in Turkish and cannot be directly translated into English, but the nearest to that is the "banner".

Cem Kenan Magripli, 28 January 2004 I think "red banner" is a good translation for al sancak. I think this nickname for the Turkish flag comes from the words of the Turkish national anthem Istiklal Marsi. The poet of national anthem, Mehmet Akif Ersoy, used this metaphor for the flag. Coming to the translation, sancak is defined as "banner", "flag" or "standard" in Turkish-English dictionaries that I have looked up. The Turkish definition of sancak is "flag carried by military unit, usually having writings, fringe and pole". Today, I think it corresponds to "banner", however its meaning when it was first used could be different and can mean any flag. The very same word was used in Ottoman times for an administrative unit (see also Sandžak in Serbia and Montenegro). but is does not correspond to any administrative division in Turkey any more.

Onur Özgün, 28 January 2004 As I understood, the administrative unit was named sancak after it being ruled by a ruler who had right and duty to maintain a military unit that carried his flag, that is a (territorial) sancak would provide one unit with a flag. Željko Heimer, 29 July 2004 Construction sheet for the Turkish flag Construction sheet for the flag of Turkey - Image by Željko Heimer, 2 March 1999 The construction sheet is given in a book on Turkish flags [kur92] . The book is in Turkish, 170 pages, with some 30 colour plates of historical and current flags and some black and white photos. It might be that the construction is taken from the flag Law which is quoted in full in the book. The above image is based on the construction sheet in the book, adapted slightly to make it better looking as a digital image. The base unit is the flag width and other dimensions are expressed through it. The center of the circle forming the crescent is half flag width from the hoist, with diameter of the same (i.e.

radius 1/4 as indicated on the image). The inner circle forming the crescent has a radius of 1/5 and is offset towards the fly 0.0625 (1/16) [the book actually give number 0.625 here, but that must be printing error as it would make no sense!]. The two circles intersect, forming the "indentation" of the crescent to be 1/3. The five-pointed star is inscribed in a circle with diameter 1/4, tangential to the line connecting the intersections of the two circles. The construction sheet also gives the width of the white heading on hoist (not shown on the image) as 1/30 of the flag width. Željko Heimer, 2 March 1999 In a book on Turkish flags [vht94] issued by the VDCN (March 1994) is the same construction sheet. In the accompanying table, the white heading on hoist is given as "Width of the seam band".

Mark Sensen, 8 March 1999 The very same construction sheet already appeared in the Flaggenbuch (1939-1941) [neu92] Ivan Sache, 1 October 1999 The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics (Flags and Anthems Manual London 2012 [loc12] ) provides recommendations for national flag designs. Each NOC was sent an image of the flag, including the PMS shades, for their approval by LOCOG. Once this was obtained, LOCOG produced a 60 x 90 cm version of the flag for further approval. So, while these specs may not be the official, government, version of each flag, they are certainly what the NOC believed the flag to be. For Turkey, PMS 186 red. The vertical flag is simply the horizontal version turned 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 10 October 2012 The flag in the Turkish national anthem The Turkish national anthem, the Independence March (İstiklâl Marşı) was adopted on 12 March 1921.

Following a competition and the submission of 724 proposals, the Grand National Assembly unanimuously adopted the Independence March written by Mehmet Akif Ersoy (1863-1936). Until 1930, the anthem was performed with the music written by Ali Rşfat Çağatay in 1924. Since then, the anthem is performed with the music written by Osman Zeki Üngör, and only the two first stanzas (which mentions the flag), out of ten, are sung. Korkma, sönmez bu şafaklarda yüzen al sancak; Sönmeden yurdumun üstünde tüten en son ocak. O benim milletimin yıldızıdır parlayacak; O benimdir, o benim milletimindir ancak. Çatma, kurban olayım çehreni ey nazlı hilal! Kahraman ırkıma bir gül! ne bu şiddet bu celal? Sana olmaz dökülen kanlarımız sonra helal, Hakkıdır, Hakk'a tapan, milletimin istiklal! Never fear!

For the crimson flag that proudly waves in these dawns, shall never fade, Before the last fiery hearth that is ablaze within my nation burns out. For it is the star of my nation, and it will forever shine; It is mine; and solely belongs to my valiant nation. Frown not, I beseech you, oh thou coy crescent, But smile upon my heroic race! Why the anger, why the rage?* Our blood which we shed for you will not be worthy otherwise; For freedom is the absolute right of my God-worshipping nation *There is a literary element being employed here that may not be immediately noticeable. The Turkish flag is comprised of a white crescent and star superimposed on a crimson background. The poet is creating an imagery of a crescent and comparing it to the frowning eyebrows of a sulky face. To be specific, the flag (under threat from invading nations against whom victory seems initially impossibly difficult to achieve, hence "coy") is being treated as a coy maiden with a sulky face (resentment of the invasion) who is playing hard-to-get.

Ivan Sache, 27 September 2006 Vertical hoisting of the Turkish flag Vertical hoisting of the Turkish flag - Images by António Martins & Ivan Sache, 15 August 2010 Left, usual hoisting, Turkey; Right, unusual hoisting, Barcelona, 2010 Most images from Turkey, if not all, of the national flag hoisted vertically show the flag with the crescent and star rotated, that is, pointing down. This use, official or not, does not seem to have been known by the officials of the European Athletics Championships, held from 27 July to 1 August 2010 in Barcelona. During the medal ceremonies, the Turkish flag in use had the crescent and star not rotated, that is pointing to the fly of the flag. See for instance the TV footage of the medal ceremony for the womens' 110 m hurdles - flag raising starts at 2:20. Ivan Sache, 15 August 2010

Question: What colour are the star and crescent on the flag of Pakistan?
Answer: WHITE