Alhambra, Granada, Spain World Heritage Site Roland Geider [an error occurred while processing this directive] The Alhambra is a palace and fortress complex in Granada , Spain . The name Alhambra means "The Red" in Arabic. It is regarded as the most beautiful representation of Moorish architecture in the world. Alhambra is located on Sabika, the hilly terraces overlooking Granada. At the time that it was built, the Alhambra was known as Al-Andalus. Although it used to be the residence of the Muslim rulers of Granada, the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V also built a palace in the Renaissance style and placed it within the Alhambra complex. Alhambra, as seen from the gardens of the Generalife Requera World Heritage Site Inscription Details The Alhambra, along with Generalife and the Medieval Moorish enclave of Albayzín, was inscribed as a World Heritage Site during the X session of the World Heritage Committee Location: Granada, Province of Granada, Autonomous Community of Andalusia.

Inscription Year: 1984 Inscription Criteria : I, III, IV To understand and appreciate the Alhambra, we need to look at the history of the Moors in Spain. It started around 711 AD when a Muslim army crossed the Straits of Gibraltar. Within a short period of time, much of Spain was under Moorish rule. The founding of the Alhambra can be traced to the late 9th century, when The history of the Alhambra can be traced back to an earlier edifice, a red castle called Qal'at al Hamra. It was built in Elvira, which is in present-day Granada, by Arabs retreating from a bloody warfare with the Muladies. The castle was very much in a state of ruin when Ibn Nasr, the founder of the Nasrid Dynasty, built the Alhambra that we know of today, in 1238. Exquisite interior of the Alhambra Nikater Ibn Nasr was fleeing religious persecution from King Ferdinand, who was determined to rid Spain of Moorish control. Ibn Nasr retreated to Granada, and there, he planned out his palace complex.

It was to have six palaces - five of which grouped together in a royal living area, two circuit towers, numerous bathhouses. Rather than depending on rainwater as the old castle did, the new Alhambra was irrigated by a canal system that totals 8km in length, allowing for a profusion of fountains and cascades within the complex. The entire design transformed the austere fortress into a sumptuous palace. At the Alhambra we see the last great burst of Andalusian creativity in art and architecture, standing as a small Moorish enclave within Spain. Detached from mainstream Muslim influences, the artists and artisans of Alhambra perfected their style. Creating works of incredible beauty, from graceful calligraphy to elegant arabesque, they adorned the walls, columns and ceilings of Alhambra. The Christian conquest of Granade by Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella of Castile in 1492 brought an end to Moorish diminion of Alhabra. From then onwards, subsequent wave of non-Muslim rulers injected his own style in altering the palace complex. Charles V (1516-1556) rebuilt portions of it in the Renaissance style.

Courtyard of Charles V in the Alhambra Nikater Philip V (1700-1746) italianised some rooms, and put up his palace in the middle of the comples, blocking up sections in the process. In 1812 Count Sebastiani blew up some of the towers. The entire complex barely escaped being totally demolished by Napoleon - a soldier who wanted to save the palace defused the explosives. Neglect, defacement and vandalism added to the sorrows of Alhambra. The earliest recorded restoration of Alhambra began in 1828, by architect José Contreras, and after his death, continued by his son Rafael. Layout of Alhambra The Alhambra consists of three different sections which you would explore separately: Nasrid Palaces The Alhambra Granada Spain: History, Myths and Photos of This Incredible Fortress - Exploring Castles Exploring Castles Home » Europe » Spain » Alhambra The Alhambra Granada Spain: History, Myths and Photos of This Incredible Fortress The Alhambra, in Granada, Spain is one of the most evocative buildings I’ve ever visited in my life.

It’s an absolute must-visit for any traveller to Andalucia – the biggest province in Southern Spain. The Alhambra was an Arabic fortress built while the Moors (Muslims from North Africa) still laid claim to this part of Spain – back in the c13th or so. “Alhambra” is a Spanish rendering of the Arabic words “qa’lat al-Hamra”, meaning “red castle”. The significance of the “red” part is easy to see, as it comes from the dusty red stone that was used to build the thick walls around the castle. The entire site has got a magic feeling to it – a raise-the-hairs-on-the-back-of-your-neck kind of buzz that envelops you from the moment you begin the steep climb to its entrance-way. The Alhambra rustles with incredible Arabic myths, and is filled with the whispers of ghosts from times gone by. It’s staggeringly beautiful, and feels like a creation from an old story-book, miraculously brought to life. The setting is also like something from a picture postcard. The Alhambra stands proudly atop of one of the steep vantage-points of Granada – a hill called La Sabika.

The castle lurks behind blood-red boundary walls, and is framed against the snowy peaks of the Sierra Nevada mountain-range, some distance behind. The Alhambra at sunset, perched upon the hill named La Sabika, and surrounded by cypress trees. The Sierra Nevada lurks in the distance. Credit: Melenama (CreativeCommons). A potted history of the Alhambra Due to the exceptional strategic potential of the Alhambra’s site, it’s been used as a location for a fortress since about the 9th century. The most glorious part of the Alhambra’s history, though, was its time under the Nasrid emirs of the c13th-14th – when the Moors (Muslims from North Africa) still reigned in this part of Spain. Yusuf I and Mohammed V built the most beautiful sections of the complex, the Palacio Nazaries, intended for living and accommodation. Reflective green pools of the Generalife gardens, close to the exit of the Palacio Nazaries. The entire site is flanked with cool, shady palm trees.

After the Spanish Christian monarchs defeated the Moors and captured Granada in 1492, they used the Alhambra as their own palace – adding sections and destroying others, including, terribly, a significant chunk of the Palacio Nazaries. In addition to this, the entire site fell into significant disrepair in the 1700s, and was only placed under protection as an international monument in about 1870. Happily, nowadays, the Alhambra is a well-cared for UNESCO World Heritage site. The only issue which may rather spoil your enjoyment is that you might be accompanied by too many other tourists – there’s unfortunately no way around this, as a timed ticketing system means that the Alhambra is busy from the moment it opens to the second it shuts. Even with the crowds, though, you won’t fail to be swept up in the castle’s magic. Shady archways were built throughout the Palacio Nazaries, to allow royalty to enjoy the views and fresh air, without being burned by the scorching summer sun.

Exploring the sensational Palacio Nazaries The Palacio Nazaries is the high-point of any visit to the Alhambra, and even to Spain! It’s definitely the most beautiful Muslim building in Europe, and is in remarkable condition, considering it was built in the c13th and has suffered years of abuse since. The Palacio Nazaries contains beautiful courtyards filled with sparkling water; tall, cool chambers filled with intricate, geometric Arabic tiling, and elaborate ante-rooms, filled with stucco-work etched onto dark walls. On your visit to the Palacio, you’ll pass through numerous rooms, alcoves, and mesmeric cubby-holes. However, the palace consists of and distinct sections: which include the Mexuar connecting to the Patio del Cuatro Dorado; Palacio de Comares; and the Palacio de los Leones. Beautiful stucco detailing in the Palacio Nazaries. For obvious reasons, visitors are carefully watched to make sure they don’t touch or break this magnificent craft. The Mexuar is the first hall you’ll enter, and sets you up for the majesty of the rest of the palace. It’s pierced by tall, wooden columns, and beautiful Arabic tiling lines the walls.

From this room, you’ll walk through the Patio del Cuatro Dorado – basically an airy little connecting way between the two palaces. Off to one side of it is the ‘Cuatro Dorado’, or ‘golden room’ itself – the name is slightly misleading, and more means ‘guilded room’, in reference to the hugely ornate stucco-work ceilings. Interior detailing of the connecting pathway between the Mexuar and the Comares Palace. As you can see, the level of ornate carving is unbelievable. On walking through this connecting patrio, you’ll enter the Comares Palace. It’s a collection of majestic rooms, all collected around a central courtyard of the Myrtle-trees. It was the most important palace in the Alhambra – location of the throne of Yusuf I. The magnificent Salon de Embajadores is the throne-room, and, if you look to the ceiling, you’ll be able to see ornate details in the woooden ceiling, which represent the seven Islamic heavens, through which a soul must ascend after death. The final – and most magnificent stop – is the adjoining palace built by Mohammed V – the Palacio de los Leones (of the lions).

This palace is set around the world-famous Patio de los Leones, a beautiful patio where water trickles from the mouths of 12 marble lions. Unfortunately, this jaw-dropping sight tends to be somewhat ovverrun by tourists. Around this span out some heart-stoppingly beautiful rooms and chambers, including the Sala de Dos Hermanas, with its huge central dome and star-like constellations; and the Sala de los Reyes, wih padded, leather-lined ceilings. Cool green pools of the Partal Gardens, at the exit of the Palacio Nazaries. Tired and feeling probably quite emotional after all that world-class sight-seeing, you’ll leave the Alhambra via the beautifully manicured Partal Gardens. Other Attractions in the Alhambra: the Palace of Carlos V, the Alcazaba, and the Generalife The magic of the Alhambra Granada Spain doesn’t begin and end in the Palacio Nazaries. There’s plenty more to bedazzle you. The Palacio de Carlos V is a slightly weird, but nonetheless interesting, addition to the Alhambra complex.

It was built as an add-on by the Spanish in 1532, and is a series of rooms around a vast, columned, circular courtyard. It’s certainly impressive, although it’s rather overshadowed by other parts of the Alhambra. Inside, you’ll find a Museum of the Alhambra, which hosts a treasure-trove of historical nicknacks, and the Museum of Fine Arts (amusingly free for EU nationals only), which displays art and scuplture with a Granada theme. This is the Palacio Carlos V. As you can see, Renaissance-style marble columns surround the central, circular courtyard. The Alcazaba is the truest ‘castle-y bit’ of the Alhambra: a fortress with several towers. Many of the buildings are sadly destroyed nowadays, but there are two beautiful towers to climb, including Torre de la Vela, the watchtower, which can be scaled for lovely, gusty views across the city of Granada.

The Alcazaba stood firm until 1492 when the Spanish forces conquered the Alhambra: that year, after capture, the flag of the ‘reconquista’ was flown, demonstrating that Spain had expelled the Moors from her lands. A view within the Alcazaba: looking towards the Torre de la Vela. Granada spreads out beneath like a delicate carpet. And last, but by no means least, are the beautiful gardens of the Generalife. Meaning ‘architects gardens’, the Generalife is an outstandlingly beautiful network of delicate water-fountains, carefully-clipped bushes and fragrant flowers, criss-crossed with gravel paths. It’s a lovely place to while away a relaxing few hours. Planning Your Visit to the Alhambra Behind the thick red walls that circle the Alhambra, there’s a huge amount to keep you occupied. Unfortunately, however, time’ll be short. You’ll need to buy a ticket for either a morning or afternoon visit, and once your time’s up, you’re out.

There are no tours (unless you want to book one): you can wander the grounds and buildings as you please during your half day, with one exception… The Moors brought irrigation to Spain – and Alhambra is filled with the sounds of trickling water. Entrance to the Palacio Nazaries is included in your ticket, but entrance is more tightly regulated – your ticket will have a half-hour timestamp upon it for your visiting slot. This is because there’s only room for 300 people at a time in the palace. If you miss your slot, tough luck! Because of this, do plan your timings carefully and make sure you don’t miss out, as this Nasrid Palace is the best bit. If you don’t want to visit the buildings of the Alhambra (or, all if the ‘full site’ tickets have sold out for the day) you can buy a ‘gardens only’ ticket to see the wonderful gardens and water features of the Generalife. (Access to the Generalife is normally included all the ‘full site’ tickets, so you don’t need both). Tickets numbers are limited each day – and the Alhambra almost always sells out, especially in the summer.

I strongly recommend you either start queuing early for your ticket, or book online. There are many other phenomenal castles in Spain which are worth your undivided time and attention. I particularly recommend: Alhambra: Spain's Last Stronghold of the Moorish Kings - Europe Up Close Europe Up Close Alhambra: Spain’s Last Stronghold of the Moorish Kings Published/Revised October 24, 2014 By Guest Contributor This post may contain affiliate links. Share Looming above Granada as a reminder that all things must pass over time, stands the red stone walls of Alhambra. The castle, visible from most points in the city, is nestled in the hills like a mirage of some Medieval memory. While Granada is one of those European towns that proffers an air of the old world, Alhambra is in itself a true monument to an Age. Palacio Carlos V on the west side of the Alhambra While its origins are debated, it is generally agreed that the castle was first established as a fortress in the late 800’s.

Nearly 500 years later, it was expanded and made into a palace by Yusuf I, the Moorish Sultan of Granada. From then until Spain was retaken by the Catholics at the end of the Reconquest, it would be home to country’s last Muslim emirs. Over the next several centuries, Alhambra stood basically unused until it caught the attention of artists and academics in the 1800’s. Since then, it has become one of Spain’s most visited attractions. Most people who choose to visit the castle, elect to board one of the many shuttles that make their way from different points all over town up the hill directly to the ticketing windows. But, it is highly advisable to use the less-frequented approach which brings you through one of Granada’s most ancient barrios—the Albayzin. View of Alhambra from the Albayzin The Albayzin is a sprawling collection of white-walled houses and complexes, many of which date back to the 14th and 15th centuries, when the majority of Southern Spain was populated by Muslim Moors who came following the Conquest.

The narrow streets of this neighborhood are lined with dozens of Arab-owned shops which offer an array of multicolored blankets, clothes, knick-knacks and wares; along with little restaurants and hookah bars from which pour the smells of spices and meat dishes primarily of the North African variety. At the southern base of the Albayzin you come upon the Carrera del Darro, a more prominent street where you can find an assortment of cafes that offer the tapas for which Granada is so well known. For those who do not know, tapas are small dishes of food that are provided free of charge with each drink purchased. They range from sliced bread with a bit of cheese or tomato to more elaborate concoctions of seafood stew or porkribs with gravy. While tapas are common throughout Spain, Granada is one of the only places where one can actually obtain them free of charge, which is how they were meant to be served. Albayzin Granada At Cuesta de Gomerez, you begin the climb up to the park that lay at the foot of the castle. This little street is lined with shops where they produce handmade wares such as classical guitars, chessboards, and other woodworks.

At the top of the road, you come to a triumphal arch that is called the Puerta de las Granadas, or the Gate of Pomegranates. Through it, you find the forested quiet of Alhambra Park, which, unlike the rest of the castle grounds, you can enjoy free of charge. Through the park runs a deep ravine. Looking up toward the castle, one can make their way either up the stairs to the right which leads directly to the main ticketing area, or along the slightly winding path to the left. This brings you past a number of statues to a little fountain, and it is perhaps one of the most relaxing places in the city. At the top of the hill, you finally come upon the ticketing entrance. There are a number of ticket pricing options. For example, a 13 Euro billete provides you with a day pass and the freedom to wander all of the grounds. Inside the Alhambra Alhambra is divided into three main sections. If you’ve purchased a day pass, you’ll first want to make your way down the hill to the Nasrid Palaces.

As many of the palace rooms present some of the more delicate aspects of the castle, the flow of visitors is managed through a half-hour timetable. On your ticket, you will find a time listed which lets you know when you will be allowed to enter the section. You generally have about thirty minutes from the time you purchased your ticket before you will be allowed in, so head down to the palace entrance to sort out where it is, then while you wait, enjoy some of the surrounding gardens and architecture. The inside of the palace presents visitors with an array of what are undeniably dazzling examples of medieval Moorish architecture and design. Intricate tiling, sculpture, frescos, and vaulted, stalactite ceilings fill each room. Visitors wander through fountain-centered gardens, orange groves, and rooms so intricately colored it is difficult to believe they were decorated by human hands. Ceiling in the Alhambra After making your way through the palaces, the next section is the Alcazaba. The military fortified portion of Alhambra, this is one of the oldest parts of the castle. Here you can ascend the main watch tower and look over all of Granada.

As you gaze down from the high, thick walls of stone, it is difficult to imagine an invading army actually being capable of breaching such a solid, seemingly impenetrable barrier. The third and final portion of the castle is the Generalife, which is back near the top of the grounds. This elegantly arranged garden section feels exactly as it was originally intended, as a place of repose and leisure. Paths wind through hedged and flowered gardens leading to fountains and pools, and sitting rooms which overlook the city and the rest of the castle. From here, a small path weaves its way through a wooded section at the rear. As you follow this wooded path, you suddenly emerge where you began, at the ticketing area. After several hours of wandering over the stone walkways of the castle and beneath the hot sun of the Granada sky, you have very likely worked up an appetite. The time has come to descend back the way you came, down along the ravine of the park, then out into the city. Perhaps it is a good time to find one of those tapas bars you’ve heard so much about?

Written by Guest Contributor Nick Hilden for EuropeUpClose.com Raised in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, travel and adventure writer Nick Hilden currently lives in Granada, Spain, where he contributes to a variety of publications and develops advertising campaigns on a freelance basis. Nomadic by nature, his wanderings have taken him far and wide, and his work has varied accordingly. You can find out more about him at . The Alhambra Palace | Granada | The Moors legacy in Spain | Spanish-Living.com Home › Explore › Sights to see › The Alhambra Palace, Granada The Alhambra Palace was one of the greatest architectural wonders of the world when it was created in the 13th and 14th centuries and remains so today. It is unlikely that any future civilisation will ever be able to match the magnificence and mysticism of the Alhambra Palace - truly an extraordinary fairytale palace. The Alhambra is a unique creation spawned from the gold coffers of Moorish sultans... ...

the creative minds of poets and philosophers and the agony of slave labour Wars, sieges and years of neglect have failed to detract from the allure of the Alhambra Palace which continues to attract millions of visitors each year to a hilltop that overlooks the city of Granada . It was the last and most splendid of all the Arabian palaces to be built in Spain during 700 years of Moorish domination. The Moors were vastly superior to their European enemies in all areas of culture and the Alhambra Palace became a glorious symbol of not only their wealth and power but also their unsurpassable artistic and architectural skills. The palace was constructed as both a fortress and royal residence for the sultans after the Christians recaptured Cordoba , which was the former capital of the mighty Western Islamic empire known as El Andalus. From the mid-1200s onwards, the Moorish Nasrid Dynasty set about establishing a citadel and palace the like of which the world had never seen before.

On the hilltop site of an existing 10th century Arab fortress, the sultans brought together their empire's greatest minds and most talented craftsmen to fashion an exotic array of exquisitely decorated palaces and courtyards within the walls of a castle designed to withstand the might of the Christian armies. Visit the Alhambra today and you'll still find a mesmerising mixture of the most intricate tilework, filigree decoration and mosaics within its royal rooms and shaded courtyards. A sensual blend of bubbling fountains, dark green pools, white marble floors and enchanting passage ways draw you back through the centuries to a time and place where sultans once ruled and relaxed on silken cushions while naked beauties danced for them (accompanied by blind musicians!) Jewels in the crown of the Alhambra include the legendary Court of the Lions with its famous fountain, the Hall of the Kings and Hall of the Queens, the royal baths and the magnificent Hall of the Two Sisters lavishly decorated with gold and lapis lazuli.

Within the grounds of the Alhambra lies the most popular Parador hotel in Spain, housed within a 15th century covent which was part of the Moorish palace before being captured by the Christians in 1492. The hotel houses the former chapel where the crusading Catholic monarchs Isabella and Ferdinand were temporarily buried before being moved to their final resting place in Granada 's Capilla Real. Be warned that if you want to stay in this particular Parador you'll probably have to book several months in advance. In July and August, the Alhambra Palace is the main venue for the annual International Festival of Music and Dance which attracts some of the world's top orchestras, flamenco performers and ballet companies. If you plan to visit in high season it's worth securing an entrance ticket in advance because this is one of Spain's top tourist attractions and numbers are restricted. Sights to see at the Alhambra Palace The Cerro del Sol A complex on the high plateau which overlooks the town to the south east.

It includes the superb palace of Granada's Moorish kings, which was principally under the Nasrite rulers Yusuf I (1333-54) and Mohammed V (1354-91). Massive towers and gates surround the palace complex emphasizing its fortress-like character; there are also ring walls and the remains of the Alcazaba. The Alcazaba was built by Mohammed V in shimmering red stone which led to the description 'Calat Alhambra' (Red Castle). From the top of the Torre de la Vela, which is 29 meters (87 ft.) high, you get a panoramic view across the Sierra Nevada . The road up into the Alhambra park passes through the Puerta de las Granadas, a triumphal arch decorated with three pomegranates and designed by Pedro Machuca. To the right, on Monte Mauror, the 12th century Torres Bermejas can be seen; this is part of the fortification that links with the Alcazaba. Further on you arrive at the Puerta de la Justicia, built by Yusuf I in 1348.

Above the gate's first horseshoe arch there is a carved hand that symbolizes its defence against evil. The second horseshoe arch is decorated with many Arab inscriptions and beautiful blue and green azulejos. After four right-angled bends (for reasons of defence), you arrive at the entrance to the Alhambra Palace itself. Nearby the Renaissance fountain (1545) dates from the time of Charles V and is the work of Pedro Machuca. The 14th century Puerta del Vino leads to the Plaza de los Aljibes ('Square of Wells'). The 'Gate of Wine ' displays the Nasrites' artistic style to great advantage. To the west of the square there are the former buildings of the Alcazaba; to the east there is the Palace of Charles V and to the north the Palacio Arabe (the Alhambra Palace). The Alcazaba is enclosed by ramparts and several of its towers still survive. The Torre de la Vela is the most significant and dominates a magnificent panorama of the city and surrounding areas. Also of interest are the Torre del Homenaje (the Keep), Torre Quebrada and Torre del Adarguero.

The Puerta de la Tahona, in the tower of the same name, affords access to the royal palaces. The Mexuar palace was originally given over to administrative and judicial affairs; and the Royal Council used to meet here. Although now in a deficient state of repair, the main section is a hall centred around four columns and a modern fountain; this was used as a chapel from the 18th century until the 20th. The north facade serves as a portico for the Cuarto Dorado ('Golden Room'). The facade on the other side of the Mexuar is called the Serrallo front, its artistic eaves are remarkable. After the Serrallo facade, the you reach the Patio de los Arrayanes ('Court of Myrtles'), also known as Patio de la Alberca, del Estanque or de los Mirtos, with a magnificent pool in the centre. Its arches are semicircular, with a voussoired structure. Special mention should be made of the wooden ceiling in the north gallery and the alabaster lamp-stands, with ceramics at the back, located in the jambs of the doorway.

The Sala de la Barca is between the portico and the Throne Room; its name derives from the inverted hull of a boat that adorns the ceiling. The Salon de Embajadores ('Ambassadors´ Hall'), also known as de Comares, is next, this was the centre of political and diplomatic life. Although it was once superbly decorated, it now retains only its artistic and architectural design. Continuing towrads the baths, the visitor will reach the Patio de la Reja ('Court of the Ruling') with its fountain and cypress trees. Next is the Jardin de Lindaja ('Lindaraxa's Garden'), which does not correspond to the moorish period, but dates from the 16th century. It was designed to embellish the courtyard onto which Charles V's room opened. A post-reconquest fountain with an Arab basin stands in the centre. The Banos Reales ('Royal Baths') stand next to Lindaraxa´s Garden, displaying polychromatic decoration, predominately blue, green, gold and red in the main room, where there is also a small 16th century fountain.

The Royal Baths comprises of three further sections: The Tocador de la Reina ('Queen´s Boudoir') is between the Ambassadors´Hall and the Harem. This room was built for the Empress Isabella and displays outstanding fresco paintings on the walls. By the door to one of the Emperor´s rooms there is a tablet recalling that Washington Irving, the author of The Alhambra, once stayed there. The artistically decorated Sala de los Ajimeces ('Hall of Mullioned Windows') id the first of the rooms making up the Harem and its ceiling was restored in the 16th century. The Sala de las Dos Hermanas ('Hall of the Two Sisters') is beyond Lindaraxa´s Balcony. Boabdil´s mother lived here after being repudiated by Muley Hacen. The decoration is superb and the dome harmonious. The name of the Patio de los Leones ('Court of Lions') is due to the twelve figures of lions that support the fountain in the centre. This rectangular courtyard, built in the reign of Mohammed V, is surrounded by a gallery supported by 124 elegant white marble columns.

The Sala de los Reyes, also called de la Justicia ('Hall of Kings/Justice'), lies to the east of the Court of Lions. It was a Christian church from the time that the royal mosque disappeared until the construction of the church of Santa Maria de la Alhambra and is adorned by a painting of ten Moorish kings assembled in a meeting. The Sala de los Abencerrajes ('Hall of the Abencerrages') is another important room as all of the children of Muley Abul Hassan were executed here upon marrying Zoraida. The last room in the Harem is the Sala de los Mocarabes (mocarabe - carpenter´s design of interlaced prisms), which now displays baroque decoration on the ceiling.

Other interesting sights to see at the Alhambra Palace in Granada Remains of the Alhambra´s royal cemetery Partal or Torre de las Damas ('Ladies Tower') The towers known as de los Picos (named after its pointed crenellations) del Cadi ('of the Judge') de la Cautiva ('of the Prisoner') de las Infantas ('of the Princesses') Generalife Gardens Museo Nacional de Arte Hispano-Musulman ('The National Museum of Hispano-Muslim Art') Museo Provincial de Bellas Artes ('The Fine Arts Museum of the Province') The Alcazaba Church of Santa Maria of the Alhambra Contact Phone Number +34 958 22 14 68 Location The Alhambra (VHS tape, 1989) [WorldCat.org] directed by José Antonio Páramo. Abstract: An artistic and historic walk through the gardens and buildings of the Moorish castle called the Alhambra in Granada, Spain. Reviews Add a review and share your thoughts with other readers. Be the first. Add a review and share your thoughts with other readers. Be the first.

Tags Add tags for "The Alhambra". Be the first. Similar Items Spain's Moorish heritage - About-Spain.net Spain's Moorish heritage ► You are here : Spain › Tourism › Best sites › Spain's Moorish heritage By theme ► The origins of the Moorish heritage in Spain The Patio de los Leones, in the Alhambra, Granada. As the Roman Empire declined, Spain was taken over by the Visigoths - originally from Eastern Europe - who ruled from the sixth to the eighth centuries. But in the year 711, Roderick, the Visigoth king of southern Spain, was defeated by advancing armies of Moors, from North Africa. The Moors had recently converted to a new religion, called Islam, and established Islamic caliphates through most of Spain. Consequently Islamic Moorish culture blossomed through a large part of the Spanish peninsula for almost the next 800 years. During these centuries Christians from the north slowly pushed back the Moors in a long historic process known as the "Reconquest". It was not until 1492 that the Moors were finally driven out of Granada, their last Spanish bastion.

Mediaeval Spain was thus very different from the rest of western Europe, having a cultural heritage that was strongly rooted in both Islamic and Christian culture. Spain's Moorish heritage takes three forms: classic "Almohad" Moorish buildings and craft, dating from the time of Moorish rule; Mozarab architecture, created by Christians living in Moorish Spain, and producing "Christian" art and architecture in a Moorish style; and Mudejar architecture and decoration, a style derived from the Moorish tradition but used after the Christian Reconquest. with Booking.com The most impressive and significant sites of Spain's Moorish heritage. Granada ( Andalucia ) : (UNESCO world heritage site) - The Alhambra palace, the finest surviving Almohad Moorish palace, the Generalife palace and gardens, next to the Alhambra; the Corral del Carbon, a Moorish caravanserai or inn, in the city centre. The Alcaiceria - small Moorish market streets, next to the Cathedral, and once home to silk traders. East portal of the Mezquita at Cordoba.

Cordoba (Andalucia) : (UNESCO world heritage site) La Mezquita, or the old Mosque, is an 8th to 10th century building that was once the second largest mosque in the Islamic world. Today it is part of the Cathedral. A uniquely beautiful building, over 1000 years old. A few miles southwest is the Castle of Almodovar del Río, or Moorish origin, and one of the finest castles in Andalucia. Sevilla / Seville (Andalucia): (UNESCO world heritage site) The Moorish Alcazar, a fortress later transformed into a Royal Palace. Even after the Reconquest, the kings of Spain continued to develop the building in the Moorish style. Nearby, the Giralda, a large former minaret, is now part of the cathedral. Malaga (Andalucia) : The Alcazaba. Surrounded by a double row of fortifications, the alcazaba at Malaga is the best preserved among a considerable number of Moorish castles and strongholds in Spain. The melting-pot of Moorish Spain.

San Roman church, Toledo, where classic Mozarabic frescoes depict Christian iconography beneath Arabic calligraphy.. Toledo ( Castilla la Mancha ) : (UNESCO world heritage site) . The former mosque of Cristo de la Luz, built in the year 999. A large ensemble of Mudejar and Mozarabic monuments, including the city gate Puerta del Sol, the synagogue of Santa Maria la Blanca, and the churches of San Roman, Santa Leocadia and Santo Tomé. Zaragoza / Saragossa (Aragon) (UNESCO world heritage site): The Moorish Castillo de la Aljaferia; Mudejar architecture in parts of the Cathedral la Seo, the churches of San Gil Abad and La Magdalena, and in the tower and church of San Pablo. Teruel (Aragon) (UNESCO world heritage site) : A collection of Mudejar churches and buildings including the Catedral de Santa María de Mediavilla, the towers of San Martin and El Salvador, and the church of San Pedro. Province of Léon : Mozarab churches of Leon Province, remarkable for their use of horseshoe arches.

San Miguel de Escalada, Santiago de Peñalba, and the hermitage of San Tomas de la Ollas Gormaz (Aragon) : Castillo. the Moorish castle of Gormaz, built in 756 AD, is the largest early mediaeval fortress in Europe, built to protect northern Spain from Christian incursions. It is 390 metres from end to end, and has 28 towers. Caceres ( Extremadura ) El Aljibe - Underground Moorish water cistern, now located within the museum of Extremadura, in the old city of Caceres. Moorish city walls (in part). Apart from these ten important sites, Spain is full of old churches, castles and other buildings of Moorish or Mudejar inspiration - particularly in the communities of Andalucia, Extremadura and Aragon. The Moorish heritage is one of the multiple threads of Spanish culture even to this day. More information: Alhambra | fortress, Granada, Spain | Britannica.com Alhambra list of Spanish monarchs Alhambra, palace and fortress of the Moorish monarchs of Granada , Spain .

The name Alhambra, signifying in Arabic “the red,” is probably derived from the colour of the sun-dried tapia, bricks made of fine gravel and clay, of which the outer walls are built. The Alhambra, Granada, Spain. Alhambra, Spain, designated a World Heritage site in 1984. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. Overview of the Alhambra, Granada, Spain. Contunico © ZDF Enterprises GmbH, Mainz Constructed on a plateau that overlooks the city of Granada, the palace was built chiefly between 1238 and 1358, in the reigns of Ibn al-Aḥmar , founder of the Naṣrid dynasty , and his successors. The splendid decorations of the interior are ascribed to Yūsuf I (died 1354). After the expulsion of the Moors in 1492, much of the interior was effaced and the furniture was ruined or removed.

Charles V , who ruled in Spain as Charles I (1516–56), rebuilt portions in the Renaissance style and destroyed part of the Alhambra in order to build an Italianate palace designed by Pedro Machuca in 1526. In 1812 some of the towers were blown up by the French during the War of Independence , and in 1821 an earthquake caused further damage to the structure. Restoration of the building was undertaken in 1828 and continued through the 20th century. Gardens of the Partal Palace and the Torre de las Damas (Tower of the Ladies), the Alhambra, … © Toniflap/Fotolia Islamic arts: Western Islamic art: Moorish The Moorish portion of the Alhambra includes the Alcazaba, or citadel, which is the oldest part—only its massive outer walls, towers, and ramparts are left. Beyond the Alcazaba is the Alhambra palace, and beyond that the Alhambra Alta (Upper Alhambra), which was originally tenanted by officials and courtiers and was part of a royal city constituting a seat of government.

Alicatado in the Tower of Comares, the Alhambra, Granada, Spain. Archivo Mas, Barcelona Retiro Park The principal courts of the palace are the Patio de los Arrayanes (Court of the Myrtles) and the Patio de los Leones (Court of the Lions), so named because in the centre is the Fuente de los Leones (Fountain of the Lions), an alabaster basin supported by the figures of 12 white marble lions, emblems of strength and courage. The most important rooms of the Alhambra are the Salón de los Embajadores (Hall of the Ambassadors), a spatially grand reception room; the Sala de los Abencerrajes (the name of this hall, also spelled "Abencerrages," was derived from a legend in which Boabdil , the last king of Granada, having invited the Abencerraje chiefs to a banquet in this room, there massacred them); and the Sala de las Dos Hermanas (Hall of the Two Sisters), with its outstanding example of stalactite work .

Fuente de los Leones (Fountain of the Lions) in the centre of the Patio de los Leones (Court of the … © Rafael Ramirez/Fotolia Patio de los Arrayanes (Court of the Myrtles), one of the principal courts at the Alhambra, … © Sillycoke/Shutterstock.com To the east on the Cerro del Sol (“Hill of the Sun”) is the Generalife (from the Arabic Jannat al-ʿArīf [“Garden of the Builder”]), constructed in the early 14th century as a summer palace. The complex is centred on picturesque courtyards such as the Patio del Ciprés de la Sultana (Court of the Sultana’s Cypress). Terraced gardens, pools, and fountains combine to enchanting effect in La Acequia Courtyard, named for the canal that supplies its water. A theatre within the Generalife is the site of international performances of music and dance. The Alhambra and the Generalife were collectively designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1984 (expanded in 1994).

The Patio de la Acequia at the Generalife, the summer palace of the Moorish sultans, in Granada, … ToniFlap—iStock/Thinkstock Moorish cities in Spain Cazorla Cordoba Granada Lanjaron Guadix Jaen Jerez de la Frontera Mortril Ronda Moorish cities in Spain Cazorla Cordoba Granada Lanjaron Guadix Jaen Jerez de la Frontera Mortril Ronda Information about the Moorish cities A combination package of the Moorish cities and a stay in Las Negras is very simple. Andalusia is very easy to reach by airplane. In case you want to enjoy the Moorish cities first, then relax, and recharge your batteries, you can start your trip in Malaga, Jerez, or Granada. It is just as easy to start with Las Negras by flying into Almeria and then visit Gaudix, Jaen, Cazorla or Granada. You can fly back from any airport. In Spain, you are NOT required to fly back from the airport of arrival. You can also combine your holiday with one of the many fiestas in Andalusia.

The Spanish enjoy life, they love good food, lots of music and the southern temperament makes it all even more out of the ordinary. Winter sport in Spain What do you think about enjoying the sun, the beach, the culture, the incredible nature and a few days skiing in the Sierra Nevada next to Granada? Skiing in the sun with a splendid view over the White Mountain tops in the north and the Mediterranean Sea in the south. On a very good clear day, you can even see Morocco. The Sierra Nevada's are snow-capped for much of the year. Skiing is possible from November until late May. The Sierra Nevada is only 45 minutes drive from the city of Granada, one hour from Granada airport and 2 hour drive from Malaga airport. It really is possible to spend the morning skiing in the snow and the afternoon sunbathing on the beach. The ski resort of Sol y Nieve is located in the Sierra Nevada mountain range in Andalusia. It is the most southerly ski resort in Europe and is small in comparison to other European resorts. The Sierra Nevada ski resort has numerous runs of varying difficulties to satisfy all skiing desires. Snow cannons on some runs supplement natural snow.

Being so far south, many skiers are pleasantly surprised to find the air temperature is usually warmer than other resorts. There is a surprisingly active nightlife in the Sierra Nevada resort. Spaniards have a reputation for being 'night owls' and this can be witnessed even in a skiing resort. Most of the visitors come from Madrid and the cities of Andalusia. Weekends and banks holidays are particularly busy. If interested let us know and we will arrange accommodation for you in the ski areas. We can arrange a round trip according to your own wishes with or without a stay in Las Negras. All hotels and hostels can be reserved in advance. You will receive vouchers for each accommodation along the route. Payment will be made at the location. There is no need to pay in advance. If reservations for a car have been made the vehicle will be waiting for you at the airport on arrival and can be left behind at a different airport. Cazorla Cazorla origins stretch back six centuries before Christ, although the Romans, who named it Carcesa, officially founded it. Its splendor grew under Moorish and then Christian control.

Today, the town has a medieval look about it, and boasts numerous springs, steep, narrow streets and stone houses with balconies full of flowers. There are two well-preserved castles (the Moorish La Yedra and the Christian Cinco Esquinas), both of which are of great historical significance. Testament to the town's former religious importance, five convents can be found amongst the ruins of the Santa Maria Church. Close by is the Herrer�as bridge which, according to tradition, was built in one night with the aid of Divine Intervention, to enable Queen Isabel the Catholic to pass. Cordoba Cordoba was founded by the Romans and due to its strategic importance as the highest navigable point of the Guadalquivir River, it became a port city of great importance, used for shipping Spanish olive oil, wine and wheat back to Ancient Rome. The Romans built the mighty bridge crossing the river, now called "El Puente Romano".

But Cordoba's hour of greatest glory was when it became the capital of the Moorish kingdom of El-Andalus, and this was when work began on the Great Mosque, or "Mezquita", which - after several centuries of additions and enlargements - became one of the largest in all of Islam. When the city was reconquered by the Christians in 1236, the new rulers of the city were so awed by its beauty that they left it standing, building their cathedral in the midst of its rows of arches and columns, and creating the extraordinary church-mosque we see today. As well as the unique mosque-cathedral, Cordoba's treasures include the Alcazar, or Fortress, built by the Christians in 1328; the Calahorra Fort, originally built by the Arabs, which guards the Roman Bridge, on the far side of the river from the Mezquita, and the ancient Jewish Synagogue, now a museum.

Cordoba's medieval quarter, once the home of the Jewish community, is called "La Juder�a" (The Jewry), a labyrinth of winding, narrow streets, shady flower-filled courtyards and picturesque squares such as La Plaza del Potro. In early May, homeowners proudly festoon their patios with flowers to compete for the city's "most beautiful courtyard" contest. Granada Granada was first settled by native tribes in the prehistoric period, and was known as Ilbyr. When the Romans colonized southern Spain, they built their own city here and called it Illibris. The Arabs, invading the peninsula in the 8th century and gave it its current name of Granada. It was the last Muslim city to fall to the Christians in 1492, during the reign of Queen Isabel of Castile and her husband Ferdinand of Aragon. One of the most brilliant architectural wonders is the Alhambra of palaces and gardens built under the Nazari Dynasty in the 14th C. This mighty compound of buildings - including the summer palace called Generalife, with its fountains and gardens - stands at the foot of Spain's highest mountain range, the Sierra Nevada.

At the centre of the Alhambra stands the massive Palace of Charles V, an outstanding example of Spanish Renaissance architecture. Close by you can find the Cathedral, including the Royal Chapel where Isabel and Ferdinand lie buried, Close by stands La Capilla Real - The Royal Chapel, the mausoleum of the Catholic Kings Isabel and Ferdinand, who chose to be buried in Granada because they saw its conquest as the crowning achievement of their reign (they had no way of knowing that this would soon prove to be their sponsorship of Columbus' journey). Isabel of Castille was at heart a woman of the Middle Ages, as illustrated by her precious collection of Flemish masters on view in the Sacristy. She wanted a small, humble mausoleum for her and all her descendants, befitting the follower of Saint Francis that she was. But she died before the chapel could be built, and spent some twenty years in a provisional tomb in the Franciscan convent that was built in the Alhambra in the shell of the palace mosque (and is now an elegant hotel, the Parador San Francisco, well worth visiting even if you can't afford to stay there).

The architects, out of deference for her importance rather than her dying wishes, made the chapel larger and more luxurious than planned, with the result that it is neither humble nor truly grand; in any case, her successor and grandson Carlos V - the master of the new Empire which she had founded - judged it too unassuming for the masters of a reign on which the sun never set, and the Royal Mausoleum, for all of Spain's subsequent monarchs, was eventually moved to the blockbuster Escorial Monastery outside Madrid, built by his son, Felipe II. The hill facing the Alhambra is the old Moorish casbah or "medina", called the Albaicin, a fascinating labyrinth of narrow streets and whitewashed houses with secluded inner gardens, known as "c�rmenes". The Plaza de San Nicolas, at the highest point of the Albaicin, is famous for its magnificent view of the Moorish palace. The Sacromonte hill, which overlooks the city from the North, is famous for its cave dwellings, once the home of Granada's large gypsy community. The name Granada is ancient and mysterious.

It may mean "great castle", for the Roman fortress, which once stood on the Albaicin Hill. When the Moorish came here, the town was largely inhabited by Jews, for which they called it Garnat-al-Yahud - Granada of the Jews. The Jews are said to have been one of the first peoples to settle in Spain, even before the Romans. History of the Alhambra The name Alhambra comes from an Arabic root which means "red or crimson castle", perhaps due to the hue of the towers and walls that surround the entire hill of La Sabica which by starlight is silver but by sunlight is transformed into gold. However, there is another more poetic version, evoked by the Moslem analysts who speak of the construction of the Alhambra fortress "by the light of torches", the reflections of which gave the walls their particular coloration. Created originally for military purposes, the Alhambra was an alcazaba (fortress), an alc�zar (palace) and a small medina (city), all in one. This triple character helps to explain many distinctive features of the monument.

There is no reference to the Alhambra as being a residence of kings until the 13th century, even though the fortress had existed since the 9th century. The Nasrites were probably the emirs who built the Alhambra, starting in 1238. The Alhambra became a Christian court in 1492 when the Catholic Monarchs (Ferdinand and Isabel) conquered the city of Granada. Later, various structures were built for prominent civilians also military garrisons, a church and a Franciscan monastery. Emperor Charles V, who spent several months in Granada, began the construction of the palace, which bears his name and altered the interior buildings. These measures were to cause interminable controversy often motivated by political agendas. The remaining Austrian kings did not forget the monument and have left their own more discreet impressions on it. During the 18th century and part of the 19th, the Alhambra fell into neglect and was to see its salons converted into dung heaps and taverns, occupied by thieves and beggars.

As the crowning blow, Napoleon's troops, masters of Granada from 1808 until 1812, were to convert the palaces into barracks. Therefore, the incredible neglect continued, until 1870 when the Alhambra was declared a national monument. Travelers and romantic artists of all countries had railed against those who scorned the most beautiful of their monuments. Since that date and up to now, the Alhambra, protected, restored, cared for and even improved, has been preserved for the pleasure and admiration of all. Visiting the Alhambra Upon entry to the Alhambra you will have been assigned a time slot for the Palace Nazaries. If you fail to enter during this half hour time slot, you will be denied entry to this stunning complex. It therefore makes sense to enter the Alhambra well before you assigned time. You can then visit other sections of the Alhambra beforehand. Logically it is best to visit first the Alcazaba then the Palace of Carlos V (with museums) before the Palace Nazaries. Then you can walk along the North wall towards the Generalife (gardens).

To visit everything at a leisurely pace will require at least 3 hours. Tickets for the Alhambra The number of admissions per day is limited to protect the monument. Therefore, if you have not booked in advance it is imperative to turn up early in the day, especially during high season, to guarantee entry. Queues will start well before the 8.30 opening time. There are two ways to book in advance - in a BBV bank, or online or by phone. BBV (Banco Bilbao Vizcaya) All branches of this large bank provide a reservation system. You can sometimes choose your time slot for the Palacio Nazaries (see above). This reservation system must be used at least one day in advance. Tel 902 22 44 60 Online Lanjar�n Lanjar�n, 48 km zuidelijk van Granada, op bijna 700 m hoogte, ligt in het legendarische bergland Las Alpujarras, dat zich tussen de Si�rra Nevada en de Costa del Sol in bevindt.

Hier vond in de tweede helft van de 16de eeuw de befaamde opstand van de Moriscos plaats, de onder dwang tot het christendom bekeerde Moren die hierheen gevlucht waren. De opstand werd na enkele jaren bedwongen door Philips II, die toen wel zijn handen vol had, want ook in de Nederlanden was een opstand begonnen, die hij zoals we allen weten niet hebben te bedwingen. Het stadje Lanjar�n, dat nu ruim 4000 inwoners heeft, bezit een uitzonderlijk groot aantal hotels, want het is tegenwoordig erg in trek. Wat niet te verwonderen valt, want het is schitterend gelegen, het plaatsje zelf is ook erg mooi, met vooral veel tuinen vol bloemen, en daarbij kan het zich ook nog verheugen in het bezit van een aantal geneeskrachtige bronnen, waarvan het water vooral voor lijders aan maag- en galaandoeningen aanbevolen wordt.

Circa 30 km verder de bergen in, vlak ten zuiden van de Mulhacen, ligt Trevelez, het hoogste dorp van Spanje en zelfs van heel Europa. Hier komen de beroemde hammen vandaan, die pas echt goed zijn als ze een tijd in de sneeuw hebben liggen rijpen. Het is een donker ham, zoiets als de Ardenner, en in het Spaans wordt hij Jam�n serrano, bergham, genoemd. Er liggen nog veel meer van die pittoreske bergdorpjes in de Alpujarras en het is een schitterende gebied om tochtjes te maken. Er zit ook veel wild en in de riviertjes krioelt het van de forellen. Voor zo'n woest gebied lopen er tamelijk veel wegen doorheen, maar iemand die zich voor het eerst van zijn leven met een auto in de bergen waagt, moet er maar liever niet direct aan beginnen. De wegen zijn er erg smal, bochtig en steil, en vaak in slechte conditie.

Guadix The cathedral town of Gaudix is well off the beaten path, in the eastern confines of the Province of Granada, a large, bustling country town with a personality all of its own. Its history dates back to Phoenician and Roman times, and it played a major role in the Recon quest. The most interesting feature of the Guadix area is that almost half of the inhabitants of this large town live underground, in the southern part of the town. The jagged ochre terrain and the dazzling whitewashed chimneys and doors of the caves contrast dramatically with the snow-covered peaks of the Sierra Nevada, which loom above. The cave district is signGETed on the main street of the town as the "Barrio Troglodyte". You can drive through the cave area, but you should also get out and take a stroll. The "troglodytes" very friendly people and are very house-proud, or "cave-proud", as you wish... If you show an interest in their homes, you will be sure to be invited in to have a look.

Ever since the Moorish times, the Andalusians have been fond of living underground because it is the best way of escaping the summer heat waves, and don't be surprised if you are invited in to have a look around. Most of today's cave-dwellings are well appointed, like any other Spanish home, and some are even quite luxurious, with marble floors, fitted kitchens, faxes and internet connections. Purullena, a nearby village, has a disco inside a cave, and you can rent a cave to spend the night in many of the region's villages. In the center of Guadix, you should not miss the Cathedral, founded in 1594, and the Cave Museum - Plaza de la Ermita Nueva S/n. The region is famous for its handcrafted earthenware, which is sold on the roadside in the nearby village of Purullena. The desert landscape around the village of Benal�a de Guadix is especially impressive, and well worth a drive through the region.

If you wish to explore this fascinating region more thoroughly, you can also drive from Benal�a de Guadix to the Spa called "Ba�os de las Alicun de las Torres" returning on the first road on the right after leaving the spa, which will take you back to the A92/N342 motorway. The total drive takes between 90 minutes and 2 hours. When in Guadix, do not miss the fascinating Castle of the Calahorra, just a few miles to the East. This impressive fort was awarded to a Christian knight for his role in the Recon quest, and fitted by him with a gracious Renaissance courtyard made of Italian marble and by Florentine artisans. To get there; leave Guadix in the direction of Almeria on N324. You will soon be treated to the spectacular view of the round towers of the castle framed against the towering Sierra Nevada, which so often features in photographs and GETers. To visit the castle you must ask in the village where the caretaker or "guarda Del Castillo" lives, and drive him up with you for the visit.

Ja�n The city of Jaen, in northern Andalusia, is rich in history, with great monuments such as the Cathedral, built between the 16th and 18th centuries, and the adjoining parish church or "El Sagrario". The city's Moorish castle, converted into a Parador, sits majestically on top of Mount Santa Catalina, and atop a nearby hill stands a monumental cross-engraved with a moving poem by Almendros Aguilar. It is worth climbing to the top just to see the spectacular view of the city and the rolling olive groves of Jaen! Jaen has several fascinating churches, such as La Santa Capilla de San Andres, the Convent of Santo Domingo, the Church of La Magdalena with its charming courtyard, the Church of San Ildefonso, the Convent of Las Bernardas and the Churches of San Bartolom� and San Juan. The Museum of Jaen Province (Museo Provincial) possesses one of Spain's leading collections of Iberian art, from the pre-Roman period.

Each year huge bonfires celebrating the day of San Antonio Abad, the patron saint and protector of animals light up the plazas of Jaen. The town's neighborhoods vie with one another to build the biggest, brightest and most spectacular bonfire, while the people perform the traditional dance called "los melenchones". Seasonal delicacies are eaten such as pumpkin, sweet potatoes and popcorn. Jerez De La Frontera Jerez de la Frontera became famous throughout the world for its sweet wines named after the town, which the British pronounced "sherry". It is called "de la Frontera " because it once stood on the frontier between the Moorish and the Christian realms. The distinctive wine in Jerez has been exported for centuries; it was even praised by Shakespeare. It is distinctive because the strong sun gives the grapes high sugar content. British merchants have been involved in the wine trade here for centuries, producing and shipping a fortified wine known as sherry. Famous names of these dynasties can be seen here over the doors of the bodegas; Sandeman, John Harvey, Domecq, Gonzalez Byass.

The Spanish word bodega means, "cellar", but it has the generically meaning of "wine manufacturer". You can take a guided tour of the many Jerez bodegas. Some of the companies such as Gonzalez Byass, Pedro Domecq and Sandeman provided guided tours of the cellars on weekdays, followed by sampling of the various types of wine produced. Jerez is also world famous for its magnificent dancing horses, which you can see at the Real Escuela Andaluza de Arte Equestre - the Royal Andalucian School of Equestrian Art, at Avenida de Abrantes (Tel: +34 956 311111). On Thursday mornings, there is a spectacular display of dressage. Jerez celebrates its famous Horse Fair at the beginning of May each year. Jerez is also famous for its long-standing flamenco tradition, making it an excellent place to witness this extraordinary art. The Centro Andaluz de Flamenco (Tel: 956 349265) is housed in the Palacio de Penmart�n, which stands on the Plaza de San Juan, No. 1.

Mortril Mortril (33 300 inw.) 70 km zuidelijk van Granada aan de Costa del Sol, is een oude Moorse stad, maar veel is daar niet meer van te zien. Het weinige dat er na de vernielingen door barbarijse zeerovers nog resten van Arabische vestingwerken en een mooie 16de-eeuwse kerk. Maar het is evengoed een erg leuk stadje, met trapstraatjes en witte, geheel met bloemen begroeide muren. Het ligt niet direct aan zee. Daarvoor moeten we naar Puerto Mortril, het haventje, waar ook de meeste hotels zijn. In de omgeving zijn uitgestrekte velden waarin de lente en vroege zomer anjers, rozen en viooltjes bloeien. Mortril is een bijzonder feestelijk stadje. Het viert feest op 3 januari, 10 februari, 15 augustus en 15 oktober, dus vier maal per jaar. Het klimaat is er heerlijk.

De hoge bergen beschermen het tegen de koude noordewinden van de Si�rra Nevada en de zeewinden tegen al te grote hitte in de zomer. Er is ook wel wat industrie gekomen: rietsuikerfabrieken en een petroleumraffinaderij met de bijbehorende chemische industrie, maar met de luchtverontreiniging valt het nog erg mee. Ronda Ronda is one of Andalusia's loveliest towns. It stands on a towering plateau in the mountains of Malaga Province. It is famous through Spain for the plunging river gorge, which divides the medieval parts of the town in to two. This gorge is also known as El Tajo - The Cliff. Ronda is also famous for its bullring, the oldest, and the most beautiful one in Spain. The arena itself is also the largest in Spain. When there are no fights, the bullring is open to visitors, and has a fascinating museum with many mementos of Spain's most renowned bullfighters. Ronda is located 50 km - 1 hour's drive - from San Pedro de Alcantra on the Coast.

The road winds up through the mountains of the Sierra Bermeja, and then descends into the Serrania de Ronda and the town itself. Ronda is one of the most charming and fascinating towns in Andalusia. It is very popular since it has a wide range of caf�s and restaurants yet retained all of its traditional charm and languid atmosphere. GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT HOLIDAYS IN THIS AREA OF SOUTHERN SPAIN Inside the Alhambra – the modern magellan Skip to entry content Fortress. Castle. Royal Palace. Religious Icon. The Alhambra was and is all of these things. Rising from the foothills of the Sierra Nevada in Granada, Spain, the Alhambra is one of the world’s most renowned structures. And when I was able to explore this UNESCO site on my recent trip to Spain, I understood exactly why this place was so important. The Alhambra tells a story. The royal complex is a reflection of the different empires that ruled the Andalusian region dating back to the 9th century.

These old Roman fortifications sat largely ignored for almost three centuries until Moorish ruler Mohammed ben Al-Ahmar of the Nasrid dynasty rebuilt most of the current palace walls. In the early 14th century Yusuf I, Sultan of Granada made the Alhambra his royal palace. After roughly 700 years, the Christian Reconquista ended Muslim rule in the Iberian peninsula, and the Alhambra became the royal court for Ferdinand and Isabella. Being under control of the Holy Roman Empire, the palace complex was tailored and renovated to match the tastes of Renaissance architecture. And today, as you stroll through the gardens, navigate the palaces, and stand atop the fortified walls, you can see this story unfold piece-by-piece. Sitting up on the hills overlooking Granada, the Alhambra is a massive, sprawling masterpiece. We arrived early in the morning to try and beat the larger crowds that would swarm the complex by mid-afternoon. My buddy Phil and I started by strolling through the Generalife, or “Garden of the Architect” in Arabic.

This out-lying section of the Alhambra was a maze of well-manicured gardens, flowing fountains, and regal courtyards dating back to the early 14th century. Inside the Palacio de Generalife. Aptly named the Water Staircase, its railings were streams of flowing water. After strolling through the gardens like royalty, we headed back into the main section of the Alhambra. We navigated through more gardens and smaller buildings in the upper part of the complex. Our next stop would be the Palacio de Carlos V. Unlike the architecture of the other buildings in the Alhambra, this renaissance palace was constructed to befit the Holy Roman Emperor in a style called Mannerism. The facade of the palace near the entrance. The patio inside in the middle of the palace. On the second level of the inner patio. The Palacio de Carlos V was an incredible building. It was quite the departure from the Generalife. Our expedition continued as we made our way into the main castle-like structure of the Alhambra called the Alcazaba.

This is was the oldest part of Alhambra, consisting of ramparts and large watchtowers that overlooked the city of Granada. Here I truly felt transported back in time, or perhaps, to a scene in Game of Thrones. We could easily be in King’s Landing. Inside the castle.

Question: In which country would you find the Moorish castle called the Alhambra?
Answer: Spain