Where Was The Prime Minister Born?...Mapped | Londonist Where Was The Prime Minister Born?...Mapped By M@ Last edited 6 months ago M@ Where Was The Prime Minister Born?...Mapped Having previously mapped the birth places of our monarchs , a reader prompted us to do the same from British Prime ministers*. We listen to our readers, so here it is. View Prime Ministers in a larger map Our nation has been overseen by 54 Prime Ministers, from Robert Walpole in 1721 to Theresa May. A staggering 18 Prime Ministers were born in central London. That's a third of all incumbents. In addition, several were born in areas that are now considered to be part of the capital, including Clement Attlee in Putney and John Major in Carshalton. No British Prime Minister was ever born in Wales or the south-west counties of England. Jim Callaghan is the closest, hailing from Portsmouth. While Wales is barren of Prime Ministers, Scotland is a fertile source. Seven PMs are from north of the border, including both Blair and Brown. Only one PM was born outside the British Isles. Bonar Law took his first breath in New Brunswick, now part of Canada.

Quite a few of the PMs in the map above are not accurately placed — for several, we can find no information beyond 'London' or 'Edinburgh'. If you can narrow the locations down further, do let us know. David Cameron was born within five minutes' walk of the Chamber of Horrors at Madame Tussauds. Just sayin'. *We're working with the convention that Robert Walpole was the first Prime Minister, even though he didn't use the title. We're also using the term 'British' in its lightest sense to encapsulate the several territorial unions that have made up the country since the time of the first PM. Update 30 March 2016: thanks to reader Carolyn for information on the Duke of Grafton. Update 11 July 2016: added Theresa May, as the designate Prime Minister. Last Updated 11 July 2016 Bonar Law, Prime minister • Biography & Facts Bonar Law Prime minister Andrew Bonar Law (16 September 1858 – 30 October 1923), commonly called Bonar (rhymes with honour) Law, was a British Conservative Party statesman and Prime Minister.

Born in the colony of New Brunswick (now in Canada), he is the only British Prime Minister to have been born outside the British Isles. He was also the shortest-serving Prime Minister of the 20th century, spending 211 days in office. He had a much longer tenure as Conservative Party leader, November 1911 to March 1921 and October 1922 to May 1923, where he used his business background to good advantage in promoting better organisation and efficiency. His lack of aristocratic family connections helped him broaden the base of the party to include more businessmen.Law was born to a rural preacher and his wife in New Brunswick, where he spent his early life. A few years after his mother's death in 1861, his father remarried, and in 1870 Law moved to Helensburgh, Scotland, to live with his mother's sister Janet and her family, who ran a successful merchant bank. After an education at Larchfield School (now Lomond School), a preparatory school in Hamilton and the High School of Glasgow, Law left school aged sixteen to gain a "commercial education" at the family firm.

A few years later the firm was sold to the Clydesdale Bank, putting Law's career in jeopardy until his uncles loaned him the money to buy a partnership in an iron merchants firm. Through his hard work and business acumen, the firm flourished under Law, and by the time he was thirty he was a comparatively rich man.Law first entered politics in 1897, when he was asked to be the Conservative candidate for the seats of Glasgow Bridgeton and then Glasgow Blackfriars and Hutchesontown, accepting Blackfriars. Despite a large Liberal Party majority in his seat, Law campaigned successfully for the 1900 general election and was returned to Parliament. In the House of Commons he became noted for his excellent memory and oratory, and soon gained a position on the Conservative front bench. A strong supporter of tariff reform, Law was made Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade in 1902. The issue of tariff reform split the Conservative Party, and Prime Minister Arthur Balfour resigned, prompting a general election in which the Conservative Party were forced into opposition.

In opposition Law continued to argue for tariff reform, both in Parliament and within his party, largely avoiding the constitutional crisis surrounding the People's Budget in 1909. His appointment as a Privy Councillor that year marked him out as a conservative frontrunner, and when it became clear that Arthur Balfour would resign as Leader of the Conservative Party, Law put his name forward. Despite trailing third after Walter Long and Austen Chamberlain , Law eventually won the election when the strong possibility of a draw between Long and Chamberlain that would split the party forced both to withdraw.As Leader of the Conservative Party, Law focused his attentions on two main areas; tariff reform, which he supported, and Irish Home Rule, to which he was opposed. As leader of the opposition he was in no position to make active changes, but his strong campaigning, particularly on Home Rule, turned Liberal attempts to pass the Third Home Rule Bill into a three-year struggle eventually halted by the start of the First World War.

Personal facts 1923: The Only British Prime Minister who was Born Outside the British Isles | History.info 1923: The Only British Prime Minister who was Born Outside the British Isles Photo Credit To Story Highlights historical event: British Prime Minister Andrew Bonar Law was born on the territory of what is now Canada. He suffered an unusual fate because he was diagnosed with an incurable disease soon after becoming Prime Minister. Specifically, he was diagnosed with esophageal cancer. This day in 1923 marked the death of the only British Prime Minister who wasn’t born in Britain. His name was Andrew Bonar Law, and he was born on the territory of what is now Canada, in the town of Kingston (now Rexton). At the time of his birth, that part of Canada was called New Brunswick, and it was a British colony. The Prime Minister’s father was a Protestant priest named James Law. The Prime Minister received his unusual given name, Andrew Bonar, in honor of a prominent priest of that Protestant denomination. It is important to note that Bonar was that priest’s surname rather than his given name. As an adult, Andrew Bonar Law went under the name A.

Bonar Law, while his friends and the general public generally called him Bonar rather than Andrew. After entering politics, Bonar became one of the leaders of the British Conservative Party in 1911, and was given the title Leader of the Oppisition (head of the so-called “Shadow Government”). When the Conservatives came to power in 1922, Bonar Law became the British Prime Minister. He thus succeeded the famous David Lloyd George, who had lead the country during World War I (the Great War) and during the peace talks with the defeated Germany, in Versailles. Bonar Law suffered an unusual fate because he was diagnosed with an incurable disease soon after becoming Prime Minister. Specifically, he was diagnosed with esophageal cancer. Since the disease prevented him from speaking in the parliament, he resigned. Thus, he was the Prime Minister for only 211 days, the shortest term among all the British Prime Ministers of the 20th century. He died only a few months after his resignation, exactly on this day in 1923.

University of Glasgow :: World Changing:: Prime minister 1922-1923 University of Glasgow Andrew Bonar Law's matriculation record - full page, 1879 Source: University of Glasgow By the age of thirty, Andrew Bonar Law had developed a successful business and turned his interest to politics, winning election to Parliament for Glasgow Blackfriars and Hutchesontown as a Conservative in 1900. After appointment as Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade in 1902, he lost his seat in the 1906 General Election but returned as MP for Dulwich at a by-election later in the year and joined the Shadow Cabinet. Andre Bonar Law, 1922 "There are many measures of legislative and administrative importance which in themselves would be desirable...

but I do not feel that they can, at the moment, claim precedence over the nation's first need which is, in every walk of life, to get on with its own work with the minimum of interference at home and of disturbance abroad." In 1911, he became MP for Bootle and was made a Privy Counsellor while the resignation of Arthur Balfour as leader of the Unionist party led to a stalemate between rival contenders. Bonar Law was elected leader as a compromise candidate. In the First World War he was a member of Lloyd George’s coalition War Cabinet, serving as Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons. The coalition government was re-elected in 1918, Bonar Law returning to a Glasgow seat (Glasgow Central). He continued as Leader of the Commons but resigned from this post and as Conservative leader due to ill health in 1921. Mounting problems at home and abroad led to the end of the coalition and the resignation of Lloyd George, allowing Bonar Law to return as PM and Conservative leader in 1922, leading his party to win the ensuing election.

Ill-health forced his resignation in May 1923 and he died later that year ��" the only British Prime Minister not born in the UK, and the shortest serving one (209 days) of the twentieth century. Born 16 September 1858, Canada. Died 30 October 1923. Andrew Bonar Law (1858-1923) was Rector of the University from 1919 to 1922 and was awarded an honorary LLD in 1912. Born in Canada, the young Law moved to Scotland to live with his mother's family, the Kidstons. He attended some classes at the University in 1879-80, before joining the Kidston's banking business and then forming a business partnership with the ironmaster William Jacks . He became a Conservative MP in 1900 and held important government offices including that of Chancellor of the Exchequer. He was briefly Prime Minister, 1922 to 1923.

In 1914 Law had been one of the candidates who stepped aside to permit the uncontested election of Raymond Poincaré as Rector. In 1922 his opponents were the former Professor of Greek at the University, Gilbert Murray, and the mathematician and philosopher Bertrand Russell. Law claimed he had been inspired by William Ewart Gladstone 's rectorial address in 1878, and in 1921 the Bailie depicted Gladstone's spirit in attendance at his installation. University Link: Alumnus, Honorary Graduate, Rector GU Degree: LLD, 1912; Prime Minister of the United Kingdom - RationalWiki Prime Minister of the United Kingdom From RationalWiki v - t - e The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the Head of Government of the United Kingdom . By an unwritten rule, the Prime Minister must be a Member of the House of Commons (the lower house of Parliament). The last Prime Minister from outside the Commons, Lord Salisbury, left the office in 1902. [1] Spencer Perceval remains the only Prime Minister to ever be assassinated, after an angry rich man from Liverpool lost the plot.

Contents [ edit ] Appointment The Prime Minister is not directly elected. Instead, the public vote for a single Member of Parliament, a representative from their constituency. There are 650 MPs in total. If one political party has a majority in the Commons, then the leader of that party will be appointed Prime Minister. Otherwise, party leaders will attempt to form a coalition or lead a minority government. Whoever has the support of the most Members of Parliament will generally be the Prime Minister. Note that the monarch's role is purely constitutional , they cannot simply pick their favourite. [ edit ] Evolution of the role The position was not yet created, but historians accept Robert Walpole as the first Prime Minister, as he held the role of First Lord of the Treasury, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House of Commons. He spent over twenty years in this role, although was not a Prime Minister in the modern sense, as he was chosen by the monarch, not Parliament. The existence of the role was denied by many, and only received official acknowledgement in 1905, as a member of the order of precedence, making Henry Campbell-Bannerman the first "official" PM.

Legal recognition was only given by the Ministers of the Crown Act 1937, before then the "Prime Minister" was simply the most powerful member of the Cabinet, generally the Party Leader of the party with the most seats. [ edit ] Early Prime Ministers Early UK politics was one huge episode of Blackadder. After the mighty Robert Walpole set things going with a twenty-year stint up to 1742, there followed a succession of lords this and dukes of that. Only a few stand out from the pack: Lord North was PM from 1770 to 1782. He presided over the American Revolution, a slow-burning resentment which he stoked to roaring flames with his punitive taxes and laws. After defeat at Yorktown (and struggling to control a week-long series of religious riots in London), he became the first PM to lose a parliamentary motion of no confidence. But he managed to keep the Falkland Islands British. Yay. William Pitt the younger took the job aged 24, fought off Napoleon and brought Ireland into political union with Britain, creating the United Kingdom .

The Duke of Wellington, spent his 22 months as Prime Minister getting the first major electoral reform and Catholic emancipation laws through Parliament, despite blaming anything that went wrong in the country on liberals. Robert Peel introduced Income tax and an early industrial safety law, and restricted female and child labour in factories. All rather surprising for a conservative - his batting for that side included creating the country's first police force and making the aristocratic, land-owning Tory party into the modern, business-friendly Conservative Party we all know and love . Benjamin Disraeli (Conservative) and W.E. Gladstone (Liberal) alternated Prime Ministerial duties from 1868 to 1885, and presided over a series of progressive laws that greatly improved life for most people in the UK; a majority of men became eligible to vote, women could own property, and trade unions were legalised. They are also the only nineteenth-century politicians that most twenty-first century people can name, if you don't count royals.

[ edit ] Prime Ministers 1900 to 1945 [ edit ] Robert Gascoyne-Cecil (1885-1886, 1886-1892, 1895 - 1902) Gascoyne-Cecil ( Conservative ), later 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, presided over the installation of Workmen's Compensation; the world's shortest war - the Anglo-Zanzibar War; and the Second South African War. Of interest to the Portuguese , this is the guy who kicked the the world's oldest military alliance in the 'nads, almost destroying it, with that infamous (for the Portuguese) 1890 ultimatum . [ edit ] Arthur Balfour (1902 - 1905) Another ( Conservative ). His cabinet was split over free trade . He was an advocate of eugenics . [2] [ edit ] Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman (1905 - 1908) With the status of 'Prime Minister' being debated and controversial for centuries, Campbell-Bannerman was the first Prime Minister acknowledged in official publications.

[ edit ] Herbert Henry Asquith (1908 - 1916) Asquith ( Liberal ) endured a turbulent time, with the rise of the Suffragettes , Home Rule, the outbreak of WW1 and the Easter Rising. Asquith had a huge role in the development of the House of Commons and 10 Downing Street as the major powers of Parliament with the passage of the Parliament Act 1911. [ edit ] David Lloyd George (1916 - 1922) To date the only Welsh Prime Minister, as well as being the only Prime Minister whose mother tongue was not English . Led Britain throughout the latter half of World War One by means of a Liberal-led coalition government and continued for four years afterwards. Was the last Liberal Prime Minister. [ edit ] Andrew Bonar Law (1922-1923) Tory politician Bonar Law was the shortest serving Prime Minister of last century, serving only seven months in office, as well as being the only Prime Minister born outside of the British Isles in New Brunswick - today part of Canada , but at the time of Bonar Law's birth, a British colony.

His brief and underwhelming tenure led to his being nicknamed "the unknown Prime Minister." He was also accused of treason while Leader of the Opposition, after declaring the Conservative Party's unconditional support for Ulster unionist militias at a time it was believed they were planning to rebel against the government. [ edit ] Stanley Baldwin (1923-4, 1924-9, 1935-7) Taking over the reins from Bonar Law, Baldwin become one of the most important figures of inter-war Britain, leading the tories for fourteen years, including crushing the 1926 General Strike . His creation of a nationalised Electricy Board let to a quadrupling of electricity use in the country, along with lower costs, but his championing of disarmament (naively believing Hitler to be a reasonable man) led to the UK being insufficiently prepared for the war that everyone knew would come. The end came with the abdication crisis , which he was unable and unwilling to resolve. [ edit ] Ramsay McDonald (1924, 1929-35) The first Labour PM remains a divisive figure on the left, but his failures were not mainly his fault.

A few months in 1924 were sufficient to prove that a socialist government would not embroil the country in bloody revolution, and his nationalisation of the BBC brought about the rise of the one of the most widely respected broadcasting organisations in the world. However, he was later overshadowed by Baldwin over the Depression, and the party split over his joining forces with the conservatives. (heavy sigh) Oh dear. Oh dear, oh dear, oh dear. [ edit ] Post World War Two Prime Ministers [ edit ] Winston Churchill (1940-45) A cigar-chomping, top hat-wearing millionaire toff who was rubbish as Chancellor, and whose idea to invade Turkey was one of WWI's biggest blunders, Winston Churchill was an unlikely hero. However, his popular touch and ability to think outside the box were always assets, and thus he was launched, into the hot seat to manage the UK's gravest ever crisis , a job he mostly did well at (Italy's failure to collapse instantly being a major fly in the ointment).

However, once peace came, he was as surprised as everyone else to find himself unceremoniously removed from power by an electorate underwhelmed by the prospect of Tory "business as usual." Voters always vote for the future. [ edit ] Clement Attlee (1945 - 1951) Clement Attlee ( Labour ) was an agnostic , and a man who nationalised the utilities and oversaw the creation of the British National Health Service by Health Minister Nye Bevan. As the first Labour Party Prime Minister with enough of a majority to do anything radical, he was a hero of socialists and consistently ranks highly in rankings of Prime Ministers. Was hugely influential in Indian Independence and developing Britain's own nuclear deterrent . [ edit ] Winston Churchill again (1951 - 1955) Churchill was returned to the office of Prime Minister in '51, but didn't make a great peace time leader. Most of this second term was spent dealing with foreign affairs, one of which led to the joint UK-US coup of Mossadegh in Iran in the early 1950s. He also broke the BBC's monopoly on television by launching ITV, paid for by advertising.

[ edit ] Anthony Eden (1955 - 1957) Eden (Conservative) built an early reputation as a politician by opposing appeasement in the 1930s and as Foreign Secretary during World War Two, but pretty much nothing of note happened under him except the Suez Crisis , which led to his resignation (although he was also seriously ill). [3] [ edit ] Harold Macmillan (1957 - 1963) Under the half-American Macmillan (Conservative) the UK tried to join the European Community, splitting the Conservative Party, but was vetoed by France . Famous for the first campaign soundbite anyone can remember - "You've never had it so good." An advocate of decolonization, he told South Africa to take note that "The wind of change is blowing through this continent." [ edit ] Alec Douglas-Home (1963 - 1964) After Macmillan resigned over health problems, there was some trouble over who would succeed him.

It became clear that the Earl of Home was the only one who could command the support of the whole Conservative party, and so was appointed Prime Minister, despite being a member of the House of Lords . He disavowed his peerage, becoming Sir Alec Douglas-Home. A by-election was coming up, and he stood for the Conservatives. He was a Prime Minister, though not in either house of Parliament for 2 weeks, quite exceptional for the 20th century. Though not much happened while he was in office, he was notable as the only Prime Minister to sit two would-be kidnappers down, give them a beer , and talk them out of it. Ballsy. [4] [ edit ] Edward Heath (1970 - 1974) Under Heath (Conservative), Britain joined the European Community , violence in Northern Ireland got pretty bad, and the economy went a bit rotten, allegedly due to the Trade Unions . When he lost leadership of the Conservative party, he publicly sulked and whined about "that woman" and how everything she did was wrong.

[ edit ] Harold Wilson (1974 - 1976) During his second time in office, Wilson gave sweeping Health and Safety rights to workers and managed to stop some of the Trade Union troubles by inviting their leaders for beer and sandwiches at Number 10. [ edit ] James Callaghan (1976 - 1979) Oh god, an atheist ! Economy was getting messy as Callaghan (Labour) entered the office, since trade unions were demanding massive pay rises. When they weren't getting them, they were bringing the country to a halt, and the rises were given. Economy couldn't handle it. Nice man, but didn't have the balls [ edit ] Margaret Thatcher (1979 - 1990) Mrs. Thatcher (Conservative) was elected on a manifesto of bringing the Trade Unions under control (after they ended up spending most of the 1970s on strike and causing countless problems), but then the witch went power-crazy.

She sold everything the government owned , crushed the rights of Trade Unionists, led the nation to glorious victory over the Argentinian junta in the Falklands War, hated British involvement in the European Community but signed the Single European Act anyway, and then went crazy and introduced the Poll Tax despite even her closest aides' warnings. The aides turned out to be right, and she finally had to leave the office after 11 years. [ edit ] John Major (1990 - 1997) After Thatcher, all the Government owned was the railways, so Major (Conservative) sold them too. He also set up a hotline about traffic cones. In 1995 he resigned and challenged himself for the party leadership; unbelievably he won. [5] Two years later, he put the same question to the nation, and wasn't so lucky. He was famous for his greyness, though his parents were circus folk and his half-brother Terry Major-Ball was a genial minor celebrity and author.

[ edit ] Tony Blair (1997 - 2007) Blair ( New Labour ) brought about peace in Northern Ireland, introduced a national minimum wage, gave independence to the Bank of England (much like the US Federal Reserve ), made gay rights in the UK happen (including civil partnerships), devolved power to Scotland and Wales - then ruined it all by going to war in Iraq , and going on a crazy authoritarian spree of giving powers to the executive and trying to make us all carry identity cards. He also basically sold peerages. [ edit ] Gordon Brown (2007 - 2010) As Gordon Brown (Labour) entered office, the civil service made a series of major errors and the financial crisis began. For a terrible television performer, this seemed fatal. Then he made some flip-flops over the 10p tax rate, and the Expenses Scandal occurred. He absolutely had to go, in the eyes of the public. Perhaps he would've been a beloved Prime Minister if things out of his control hadn't happened so badly. On the other hand, he had been in charge of the economy for the previous ten years.

[ edit ] David Cameron (2010 - 2016) David Cameron (Conservative) came from nowhere in 2005 and ran on a platform of absolutely no policies other than ending Inheritance tax and saying, "Hey, I'm not Tony Blair." Being a much better media performer than Gordon Brown, especially in the first year the UK had televised debates made a big difference. Aligning himself with massively cutting government spending and hating the jobless, he won the most seats, but didn't receive a majority and had to accept a coalition with the Liberal Democrats . While his cuts do seem to be targeted on solving the deficit crisis, many feel his cuts are ideological in nature and will leave Britain as a much smaller-government nation. His government has refused to single out spending on science and research to be protected from cuts. [6] As of 2015, the Tories won a majority government, allowing Cameron to push for an even more radically anti-working class agenda. [7] His campaign promise was to host a referendum on whether or not the UK will stay or leave the EU, which he scheduled for a vote on June 2016.

He preferred remain, but allowed members of his party to campaign for Brexit alongside Nigel Farage . Brexit won, forcing Cameron to resign in disgrace, forever remembered as the bloke who may have broken the union. Though, to be fair it's probably better than being remembered as "that PM that fucked a pig". [ edit ] Theresa May (2016 - ongoing) Theresa May (Conservative), the former Home Secretary, took control of the party after Cameron made the ill-advised vote on Brexit. While she supported Remain, she insisted that Brexit was final, and that the UK would leave the EU in accordance to what the people voted. Many are wondering if May will be the last Prime Minister because of the post-Brexit fallout with Scotland and Northern Ireland . British Prime Ministers BRITISH PRIME MINISTERS The British Prime Minister resides at number 10 Downing Street, London. The Prime Minister of the day is the Head of Government leader of his party in the House of Commons. He is also the elected MP for his seat in parliament. Henry Addington was born May 30, 1757 in London. He was educated at Winchester and Brasenose College, Oxford.

He was elected to the House of Commons in 1784 as Member of Parliament (MP) for Devizes, and became Speaker of the House of Commons in 1789. In March, 1801, Pitt resigned from office after his failure to achieve Catholic emancipation, and Addington was chosen to succeed him as Prime Minister. Addington served as Prime Minister from 1801-1804. He was later elevated to the House of Lords as Viscount Sidmouth. Henry Addington died February 15, 1844. Addington donated to the town of Reading the four acres (16,000 m�) of land that is today the Royal Berkshire Hospital, and his name is commemorated in the town's Sidmouth Street and Addington Road. Herbert Henry Asquith was born on September 12, 1852, in Morley, Yorkshire. Educated at City of London School and Balliol College Oxford. He entered Parliament on July 9, 1886.

Before his term as Prime Minister he served as Chancellor of the Exchequer from 1905 to 1908 and as Home Secretary from 1892 to 1895. Asquith served as Prime Minister from 1908-1916. On 6 November 1925 he was made a Freeman of Huddersfield. Herbert Henry Asquith died February 15, 1928. During his lifetime he was known as H. H. Asquith before his accession to the peerage and as Lord Oxford afterwards. Clement Richard Attlee was born on January 3, 1883, in London. He was educated at Haileybury and University College, Oxford. In 1922, Clement first entered Parliament. Attlee served as Prime Minister from 1945-1951. It was Attlee's government that decided Britain should have an independent atomic weapons programme, and work began on it in 1947.

His administration presided over the successful transition from a wartime economy to peacetime, tackling problems of demobilisation, shortages of foreign currency, and adverse deficits in trade balances and government expenditure. Another change he brought about in domestic politics was the establishment of the National Health Service and post-war Welfare State. Attlee led the party in opposition until December 1955, when he retired from the Commons and was elevated to the peerage to take his seat in the House of Lords as Earl Attlee and Viscount Prestwood on 16 December 1955. He attended Churchill's funeral in January 1965 - elderly and frail by then, he had to remain seated in the freezing cold as the coffin was carried, having tired himself out by standing at the rehearsal the previous day. He lived to see his old constituency of Walthamstow West fall to the Conservatives in a by-election in September 1967. Clement Attlee died of pneumonia on 8 October 1967. Former British Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin was born on August 3, 1867, in Bewdley, Worcestershire. Baldwin was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge.

As a young man he served very briefly as a Second Lieutenant in the Artillery Volunteers. In the 1906 general election he contested Kidderminster but lost amidst the Conservative landslide defeat after the party split on the issue of free trade. In 1908 he succeeded his father as Member of Parliament (MP) for Bewdley. During the First World War he became Parliamentary Private Secretary to Conservative leader Andrew Bonar Law and in 1917 he was appointed to the junior ministerial post of Financial Secretary to the Treasury where he sought to encourage voluntary donations by the rich in order the repay the United Kingdom's war debt, notably writing to The Times under the pseudonym 'FST'. He personally donated one fifth of his quite small fortune. He served jointly with Sir Hardman Lever, who had been appointed in 1916, but after 1919 Baldwin carried out the duties largely alone. He was appointed to the Privy Council in the 1920 Birthday Honours. In 1921 he was promoted to the Cabinet as President of the Board of Trade.

Baldwin served as British Prime Minister from 1923-1929 and again 1935-1937. Stanley Baldwin died on December 14, 1947. Arthur James Balfour was born July 25, 1848, in East Lothian, Scotland. Arthur was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. Became the Conservative MP for Hertford in 1874. Arthur James Balfour died March 19, 1930, at Surrey. Balfour was made LL.D. of the University of Edinburgh in 1881; of the University of St Andrews in 1885; of Cambridge University in 1888; of Dublin and Glasgow Universities in 1891; Lord Rector of St Andrews University in 1886; of Glasgow University in 1890; Chancellor of Edinburgh University in 1891; member of the senate London University in 1888; and DCL of Oxford University in 1891.

He was president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in 1904, and became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1888. He was known from early life as a cultured musician, and became an enthusiastic golf player, having been captain of the Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews in 1894-1895. He was president of the Aristotelian Society from 1914 to 1915. Balfour was also a member of the Society for Psychical Research, a society dedicated to studying psychic and paranormal phenomena, and its president from 1892-1894. Henry Campbell-Bannerman was born on September 7, 1836, in Glasgow, Scotland. Campbell-Bannerman was born at Kelvinside House in Glasgow, Scotland, in 1836 as Henry Campbell. The surname Bannerman was added to his surname in 1871 as required by his maternal uncle's will. It was a condition of his inheritance of his uncle's Kent estate, Hunton Court. He was educated at Glasgow High School, Glasgow University and Trinity College, Cambridge.

In 1868, he entered Parliament as a Liberal. Campbell-Bannerman served as Prime Minister from 1905-1908. Henry Campbell-Bannerman died on April 22, 1908. His last words were "This is not the end of me." Campbell-Bannerman was buried in the churchyard of Meigle Parish Church, Perthshire, near his home, Belmont Castle. A relatively modest stone plaque set in the exterior wall of the church serves as a memorial. There is a blue plaque outside Campbell-Bannerman's house at 6 Grosvenor Place, London SW1. His bronze bust, sculpted by Paul Raphael Montford is in Westminster Abbey. Benjamin Disraeli was born December 21, 1804, in London. Educated at Higham Hall School in Walthamstow. He served as Prime Minister in 1868 and again in 1874-1880. Disraeli was elevated to the House of Lords in 1876 when Queen Victoria (who liked Disraeli both personally and politically) made him Earl of Beaconsfield and Viscount Hughenden.

Benjamin Disraeli died April 19, 1881, in London. He was regarded as the founder of the Conservative party in Britain. Disraeli's most lasting achievement was the creation of the modern Conservative Party after the Corn Laws schism of 1846. Before and during his political career, Disraeli was well-known as a literary and social figure, although his novels are not generally regarded as a part of the Victorian literary canon. He mainly wrote romances, of which Sybil and Vivian Grey are perhaps the best-known today. Andrew Bonar Law was born on September 16, 1858, in New Brunswick, Canada. He was elected to Parliament for Glasgow Blackfriars and Hutchesontown as a Conservative in 1900. He associated himself with the Protectionist wing of the party led by Joseph Chamberlain, and after Chamberlain withdrew from politics in 1906, Law came to lead that wing of the party along with Chamberlain's son, Austen. He had a reputation for honesty and fearlessness, and was well regarded as an effective speaker.

These qualities helped him to be appointed as Parliamentary Secretary to the Board of Trade in 1902. He lost his seat to future Labour leader George Nicoll Barnes in the anti-Conservative landslide 1906 General Election, but he returned to represent Dulwich at a by-election later that year. Though hit hard by the death of his wife, he continued his political career; after leaving the House of Commons at the December 1910 election, he returned as MP for Bootle at a by-election in 1911. Bonar served as Prime Minister from 1922-1923. Law died in London on October 30, 1923. He is also the only British Prime Minister to have been born outside the British Isles. A tiny hamlet (unincorporated village) named Bonarlaw is named after the British Prime Minister. It was formerly known as "Big Springs" and then "Bellview" and is located in the municipality of Stirling-Rawdon, Ontario, Canada. Leonard James Callaghan was born on March 27, 1912, in Portsmouth, Hampshire. Callaghan was educated at a Portsmouth state school.

Later, James worked for the Inland Revenue. During World War 2, Callaghan served in the Royal Navy Patrol Service. In 1945, James won a seat in the general election. He went on to have a very successful political career becoming Prime Minister at age 64 years. Callaghan is the only person to have served in all four of the Great Offices of State: Prime Minister, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Home Secretary and Foreign Secretary. James Callaghan died on March 26, 2005. George Canning was born April 11, 1770 in London. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church College, Oxford. While at school, Canning gained renown for his skill in writing and debate. He formed friendships with Lord Liverpool, Granville Leveson-Gower, and John Hookham Frere. Canning began practising Law after receiving his BA from Oxford in the summer of 1791. In 1793, thanks to the help of Pitt, Canning became a Member of Parliament for Newtown on the Isle of Wight, a rotten borough.

In 1796, he changed seats to a different rotten borough, Wendover in Buckinghamshire. Canning served as foreign secretary from 1807-1809 and 1822-1827. He served as Prime Minister in 1827. George Canning died suddenly in office on August 8, 1827. William Cavendish was born in 1720 and was thought to have been privately educated by a tutor. William Cavendish was a reluctant Prime Minister and only took on the job at the request of George II. He resigned after only seven months. William Cavendish died on 2 October, 1764, in Germany. Robert Gascoyne-Cecil was born on February 3, 1830, in Hertfordshire. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. In 1853, He became the MP for Stamford. When his father died in 1868, he inherited the Marquessate of Salisbury and as such, become a Member of the House of Lords.

Served as Prime Minister from 1885-1892 and 1895-1902. Salisbury's expertise was in foreign affairs. For most of his time as Prime Minister he served not as First Lord of the Treasury, the traditional position held by the Prime Minister, but as Foreign Secretary. Robert Gascoyne-Cecil died on August 22, 1903. Salisbury was offered a dukedom by Queen Victoria in 1886 and 1892, but declined both offers, citing the prohibitive cost of the lifestyle dukes were expected to maintain. Join Us Free Join Paralumun Singles for FREE Arthur Neville Chamberlain was born on March 18, 1869, in Birmingham. He studied at Rugby School and Mason College (later University of Birmingham). Chamberlain followed his father and older half-brother in becoming a Member of Parliament in the 1918 general election at age 49. He declined a junior ministerial position, remaining a backbencher until he was appointed Postmaster General after the 1922 general election.

He was rapidly promoted in 1923 to Minister of Health and then Chancellor of the Exchequer but presented no budget before the government fell in 1924. He returned as Minister of Health, introducing a range of reform measures from 1924 to 1929. He was appointed Chancellor of the Exchequer in the coalition National Government in 1931 and spent six years reducing the war debt and the tax burden. When Stanley Baldwin retired after the abdication of Edward VIII and the coronation of George VI, Chamberlain took his place as Prime Minister in 1937. Chamberlain served as Prime Minister from 1937-1940. Chamberlain died on November 9, 1940, in Highfield Park, Hampshire. Robert Anthony Eden was born on June 12, 1897, in Bishop Auckland, Durham. He attended Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. During the First World War, Eden serving with the King's Royal Rifle Corps reached the rank of captain, received a Military Cross, and at the age of twenty-one became the youngest brigade-major in the British Army.

After fighting a hopeless seat in the November 1922 General Election, Captain Eden, as he was still known, was elected Member of Parliament for Warwick and Leamington in the December 1923 General Election, as a Conservative. In that year also he married Beatrice Beckett. They had three sons, one of whom died shortly after birth, but the marriage was not a success and broke up under the strain of Eden's political career. During the 1924-9 Conservative Government Eden was first Parliamentary Private Secretary to the Home Secretary, Sir William Joynson Hicks, and then in 1926 to the Foreign Secretary Sir Austen Chamberlain. In 1931 he held his first ministerial office as Under-Secretary for Foreign Affairs. In 1934 he was appointed Lord Privy Seal and Minister for the League of Nations in Stanley Baldwin's Government. Robert Eden served as Prime Minister from 1955-1957. Eden died in 1977. Anthony Eden is buried in the country churchyard at Alvediston, just 3 miles upstream from 'Rose Bower' at the source of the River Ebble.

He was fluent in French, German and Persian and also spoke Russian and Arabic. Augustus Henry Fitzroy was born 28 September, 1735. Educated at Westminster School and Peterhouse, Cambridge. In 1756, he entered Parliament as MP for Boroughbridge, a pocket borough; several months later, he switched constituencies to Bury St Edmunds, which was controlled by his family. However, a year later, his grandfather died and he succeeded as 3rd Duke of Grafton, which elevated him to the House of Lords. He served as Prime Minister for 1 year, 106 days. He received the Garter from the King. Augustus Henry Fitzroy died 14 March, 1811, Euston Hall, Suffolk. Grafton County, New Hampshire, in the United States, is named in his honour, as is the town of Grafton, New South Wales, Australia. David Lloyd George was born January 17, 1863, in Manchester. David was educated at Llanystumdwy Village School. In 1890, George was first elected as the Liberal MP for Caernarfon.

He served as Prime Minister from 1916-1922. Was the first, and only Welsh Prime Minister that Britain has had so far and the last Liberal to hold the office. On New Years Day 1945 Lloyd George was raised to the peerage as Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor and Viscount Gwynedd, of Dwyfor in the County of Caernarvonshire. George died on March 26, 1945. A great boulder marks his grave; there is no inscription. However a grand monument designed by the late architect Sir Clough Williams-Ellis has since been erected around the grave, bearing an englyn (strict-metre stanza) engraved on slate in his memory composed by his nephew Dr William George. Across the lane stands one of the entrances to the impressive Lloyd George Museum, also designed by Williams-Ellis and opened in 1963. William Ewart Gladstone was born on December 29, 1809, in Liverpool. William was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford.

Gladstone served as President of the Oxford Union debating society, where he developed a reputation as an orator, which followed him into the House of Commons. At university Gladstone was a Tory and denounced Whig proposals for parliamentary reform. Elected to Parliament in 1832 as Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) for Newark, partly through the influence of the local patron, the Duke of Newcastle. Although Gladstone entered Lincoln's Inn in 1833, with a view to becoming a barrister, by 1839 he had requested that his name should be removed from the list because he no longer intended to be called to the Bar. In the House of Commons, Gladstone was initially a disciple of High Toryism, opposing the abolition of slavery and factory legislation. In December 1834 he was appointed as a Junior Lord of the Treasury in Robert Peel's first ministry. The following month he was appointed as Under-Secretary of State for War and the Colonies, an office he held until the government's resignation in April 1835.

Gladstone published his first book, The State in its Relations with the Church, in 1838, in which he argued that the goal of the state should be to promote and defend the interests of the Church of England. He served as Prime Minister four times from 1868-1874, 1880-1885, 1886, and 1892-1894. William Ewart Gladstone died on May 19, 1898. Gladstone, Queensland, Australia was named after him and has a statue on display in its town museum. George Grenville was born on 14 October, 1712, at Westminster, London. George Grenville was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. In Parliament he subscribed to the "Boy Patriot" party which opposed Sir Robert Walpole. In December 1744 he became a lord of the admiralty in the administration of Henry Pelham. He allied himself with his brother Richard and with William Pitt the Elder (Richard's brother-in-law) in forcing their leader to give them promotion by rebelling against his authority and obstructing business.

In June 1747 Grenville became a Lord of the Treasury, and in 1754 Treasurer of the Navy and Privy Councillor. A major falling out with King George III lead to Grenville eventually being sacked by the King. He served 2 years and 85 days as Prime Minister. George Grenville died on 13 November, 1770, London. Charles Grey was born on March 13, 1764, in Northumberland. Known as Viscount Howick between 1806 and 1807. Charles was educated at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge. Grey was elected to Parliament at the age of 22 in 1786. He became a part of the Whig circle of Charles James Fox, Richard Brinsley Sheridan, and the Prince of Wales, and soon became one of the major leaders of the Whig party. Grey was noted for advocating Parliamentary reform. Grey served as Prime Minister from 1830-1834. Grey died on July 17, 1845. An interesting fact is that "Earl Grey" tea is named after him.

He is commemorated by Grey's Monument in the centre of Newcastle upon Tyne, which consists of a statue of Lord Grey standing atop a 41 m (135 ft) high column. The monument lends its name to Monument Metro station on the Tyne and Wear Metro located directly underneath. Grey Street in Newcastle upon Tyne is also indebted to Lord Grey for its name. Edward Richard George Heath was born on July 9, 1916, in St. Peter's, Kent. Heath was educated at Chatham House Grammar School and Balliol College, Oxford. During World War 2, Edward served in the Royal Artillery. He attained the rank of Colonel. In 1950, Heath was elected to Parliament as a Conservative. Although he lead the party to a loss in the 1966 general election, Heath lead the party to victory in the 1970 general election. He served as Prime Minister from 1970-1974. Edward Heath died on July 17, 2005 in Salisbury, Wiltshire.

He wrote three non-political books, Sailing, Music, and Travels, and an autobiography, The Course of My Life (1998). The latter took 14 years to produce. Heath was a keen yachtsman. He bought his first yacht Morning Cloud in 1969 and won the Sydney to Hobart race that year. He captained Britain's winning team for the Admiral's Cup in 1971 while Prime Minister and also captained the team in the 1979 Fastnet race. Thomas Pelham-Holles was born on 21 July 1693, London. Educated at Westminster School and Clare Hall, Cambridge. He held power with his brother, Henry Pelham (the Prime Minister of Great Britain), for about ten years; after Henry's death, the Duke would hold his late brother's position for six years (in two separate periods). While his premiership was not particularly notable, Newcastle precipitated the Seven Years War, which would cause his resignation from his high position. After his second term as Prime Minister, he served for a short while in Lord Rockingham's government, before retiring from government.

He Died on 17 November, 1768. Alexander Frederick Douglas-Home was born on October 9, 1995 in Mayfair, London. Alexander was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford. Alexander became the 14th Earl of Home after inheriting his fathers seat in the House of Lords. Douglas-Home served as Prime Minister from October, 1963 to October, 1964. He died on October 9, 1995. He held a series of records: he was the last member of the House of Lords to be appointed Prime Minister; the only Prime Minister to renounce his peerage to leave the House of Lords and contest a by-election to enter the House of Commons; and the last Prime Minister to be chosen personally by the British monarch. He was also the only Prime Minister to have played first class cricket and the first British Prime Minister to have been born in the 20th century. Robert Banks Jenkinson was born June 7, 1770, in London. Robert was educated at Charterhouse and Christs Church College, Oxford.

He won election to the House of Commons in 1790 for Rye, a seat he would hold until 1803, and rose quickly through the Tory ranks. Jenkinson served as Prime Minister from 1812-1827. Robert Banks Jenkinson died December 4, 1828. During his time as Prime Minister from 1812 to 1827, Liverpool became known for repressive measures introduced to maintain order, but also for steering the country through the period of radicalism and unrest that followed the Napoleonic Wars. Important events during his time as Prime Minister included the Congress of Vienna, the Corn Laws, the Peterloo Massacre and the emerging issue of Catholic Emancipation. William Lamb was born March 15, 1779, in London. A British Whig statesman who served as Home Secretary (1830-1834) and Prime Minister (1834 and 1835-1841), and was a mentor of Queen Victoria. William studied at Eton and Trinity College, Cambridge.

In 1805 he succeeded his elder brother as heir to his father's title and he married Lady Caroline Ponsonby. The next year he was elected to the British House of Commons as the Whig MP for Leominster. Lamb served as Prime Minister from 1834 and 1835-1841. He died November 24, 1848 at Hertfordshire. Melbourne's most visible memorial is the city of Melbourne, Australia, which was named after him in 1837. Harold Macmillan was born on February 10, 1894, in Brixton. A British Conservative politician and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 11 January 1957 to 18 October 1963. Nicknamed 'Supermac', he did not use his first name and was known as Harold Macmillan before elevation to the peerage. When asked what represented the greatest challenge for a statesman, Macmillan replied: Events, my dear boy, events. Harold was educated at Eton and Oxford.

Macmillan served with distinction as a captain in the Grenadier Guards during the war and was wounded on three occasions. During the Battle of the Somme, he spent an entire day wounded and lying in a foxhole with a bullet in his pelvis. In 1924, Macmillan was elected to the House of Commons, he lost his seat in 1929 but regained it in 1931. Macmillan served as Prime Minister from 1957 - 1963. In 1984, Macmillan accepted an earldom. James Ramsay MacDonald was born October 12, 1866 in Lossiemouth, Morayshire. He rose from humble origins to become the first Labour Prime Minister in 1924. His second period as Prime Minister was during the crisis of the Great Depression when he formed a "National Government" in which a majority of MPs were from the Conservatives, and as a result he was expelled from the Labour Party. James was educated at the Church of Scotland school in Drainie and also attended night classes at Birkbeck Institute. In his early years MacDonald worked as a teacher.

He served as Prime Minister in 1924 and again 1929-1935. MacDonald died on November 9, 1937, while on a cruise holiday crossing the Atlantic. The Right Honourable Sir John Roy Major, was born on March 29, 1943. Major grew up in the poor area of Brixton. John attended "Rutlish Grammar School" where he left at age 16. Worked at the "Standard Chartered Bank". In 1968, Major was elected to the Lambeth borough council. In 1979, He was elected to Parliament as a Conservative. John Major became British Prime Minister on November 27, 1990. He resigned as Prime Minister on May 2, 1997. John Major was Knighted in 2005. Lord North was born 13 April, 1732, Albermarle St., Piccadilly, London. Educated at Eton and Trinity College, Oxford. Some historians have blamed Lord North for the loss of America during the War of Independence.

He served as a Member of Parliament from 1754 to 1790 and first joined the government as a junior Lord of the Treasury on 2 June 1759 during the Newcastle-Pitt coalition. North was appointed Joint Paymaster of the Forces in Chatham's ministry and became a Privy Counsellor in 1766. In December 1767, he succeeded Charles Townshend as Chancellor of the Exchequer. When the Duke of Grafton resigned as Prime Minister, North formed a government on 28 January 1770 Served as Prime Minister for 12 years, 58 days. Lord North died 5 August, 1792, London. Viscount Palmerston was born October 20, 1784, in London. Educated at Harrow, Edinburgh University and St. John's College, Cambridge. Palmerston served as Prime Minister from 1855-1858 and 1859-1865. Viscount Palmerston died October 18, 1865, in Hertfordshire.

Sir Robert Peel was born February 5, 1788, in Bury, England. Robert was educated at Harrow and Christ Church, Oxford. The young Peel entered politics at the young age of 21 as MP for the Irish rotten borough of Cashel, Tipperary. With a scant 24 voters on the rolls, he was elected unopposed. For the next decade he occupied a series of relatively minor positions in the Tory governments: Undersecretary for War, Chief Secretary for Ireland, and chairman of the Bullion Committee (charged with stabilizing British finances after the end of the Napoleonic Wars). He also changed seats twice: first picking up another rotten borough, Chippenham, then becoming MP for Oxford University in 1817. He later served as MP for Tamworth from 1830 until his death. He served as Prime Minister from 1834-1835 and 1841-1846. Peel died on July 2, 1850. He helped create the modern concept of the police force while Home Secretary, oversaw the formation of the Conservative Party out of the shattered Tory Party, and repealed the Corn Laws.

Henry Palham was born on 25 September, 1694, at Laughton, Sussex. Henry Palham was Educated at Westminster School and Hart Hall, Oxford. Through strong family influence and the recommendation of Robert Walpole he was chosen in 1721 a Lord of the Treasury. The following year he was returned for Sussex county. In 1724 he entered the ministry as Secretary at War. Pelham served Prime Minister from 1743 to 1754. Henry Pelham died on 6 March 1754. Spencer Perceval was born November 1, 1762 in London. He was educated at Harrow and Trinity College, Cambridge. In 1796, he became a member of the House of Commons. Perceval served as British Prime Minister from 1809-1812. Spencer Perceval died May 11, 1812, in the Lobby of the House of Commons after being assassinated.

On May 11, 1812, Perceval was on his way to attend the inquiry when he was shot through the heart in the lobby of the House of Commons by a mentally unsound man called John Bellingham, who blamed his financial instability on a casual suggestion of Perceval. He died almost instantly, uttering the words "I am murdered", and Bellingham gave himself up to officers. He was found guilty and hanged a week later. In later life Perceval had became an expert on Biblical prophecy and wrote pamphlets relating prophecies which he had discovered. William Petty was born 2 May, 1737, Dublin, Ireland. He was educated at Christ Church, Oxford. After leaving the university he served in Wolfe's regiment (20th Foot) during the Seven Years' War, and so distinguished himself at Minden and Kloster-Kampen that he was raised to the rank of Colonel and appointed Aide-de-Camp to the King (1760). William Petty served as Prime Minister for 266 days.

Known as The Earl of Shelburne between 1761 and 1784, by which title he is generally known to history, was a British Whig statesman who was the first Home Secretary in 1782 and then Prime Minister 1782 - 1783. Credited with securing the peace with America, Spain and France. William Petty died 7 May, 1805, London. Lord Lansdowne was twice married. William Pitt was born 15 November, 1708, Westminster, London. He was educated at Eton, Trinity College Oxford, and the University of Utrecht. William Pitt had a colourful career and is credited with the birth of the British Empire. A British Whig statesman who achieved his greatest fame as Secretary of State during the Seven Years' War. He served as Prime Minister for 2 years, 76 days. William Pitt died 11 May, 1778, Bromley, Kent. He is often known as William Pitt, the Elder to distinguish him from his son, William Pitt the Younger. He was also known as The Great Commoner.

In addition to the major American city of Pittsburgh being named after him, Pittsylvania County, Virginia, the communities of Pittsburg, New Hampshire and Chatham, New Jersey, as well as Chatham University in Pennsylvania are all named in his honor. Archibald Primrose was born May 7, 1847, in London. He was educated at Eton and Christ Church, Oxford. In 1868, he succeeded to his grandfathers title as 5th Earl of Rosebery. Primrose served as Prime Minister from 1894-1895. Rosebery's government was largely unsuccessful. His designs in foreign policy, such as expansion of the fleet, were defeated by disagreements within the Liberal Party, while the Unionist-dominated House of Lords stopped the whole of the Liberals' domestic legislation. On June 21, 1895, Rosebery resigned after a minor defeat in the House of Commons. Archibald Primrose died May 21, 1929.

Thoroughbred horse racing As a result of his marriage to Hannah de Rothschild, Rosebery acquired Mentmore Towers and Mentmore stud near Leighton Buzzard that had been built by Mayer Amschel de Rothschild. Rosbery would build another stable and stud near Mentmore Towers at Crafton, Buckinghamshire, called Crafton Stud. Rosebery's horses won at least one of each of the five English Classic Races. Among the most famous were Ladas who won the 1894 Epsom Derby, Sir Visto who did it again in 1895, and Cicero in 1905. A southern suburb of Sydney, Australia, is named Rosebery, after the Earl. Frederick John Robinson was born October 30, 1782 in London.

Frederick John Robinson, 1st Earl of Ripon PC (November 1, 1782 - January 28, 1859), Frederick John Robinson until 1827, The Viscount Goderich 1827 - 1833, and The Earl of Ripon 1833 onwards, was a British statesman and Prime Minister (when he was known as Lord Goderich). He was educated at Harrow and St. John's College, Cambridge. Robinson entered Parliament in 1806. He was made Privy Counsellor in 1812, and served in various minor positions in the government of Lord Liverpool, including joint-Paymaster of the Forces, from which position he sponsored the Corn Laws of 1815, before entering the Cabinet in 1818 as President of the Board of Trade. In 1823 Robinson succeeded Nicholas Vansittart as Chancellor of the Exchequer. He served for a brief period as Prime Minister. Frederick John Robinson died January 28, 1859 in London.

John Russell was born August 18, 1792, in London. Russell was born into the highest echelons of the British aristocracy. The Russell family had been one of the principal Whig dynasties in England since the 17th century, and were among the richest handful of aristocratic landowning families in the country. John was educated at Westminster School and University of Edinburgh. Russell entered parliament as a Whig in 1813. In 1819, Russell embraced the cause of parliamentary reform, and led the more reformist wing of the Whigs throughout the 1820s. When the Whigs came to power in 1830 in Earl Grey's government, Russell entered the government as Paymaster of the Forces, and was soon elevated to the Cabinet. He was one of the principal leaders of the fight for the Reform Act 1832, earning the nickname Finality John from his complacently pronouncing the Act a final measure.

In 1834, when the leader of the Commons, Lord Althorp, succeeded to the peerage as Earl Spencer, Russell became the leader of the Whigs in the Commons, a position he maintained for the rest of the decade, until the Whigs fell from power in 1841. He served as Prime Minister from 1846-1852 and 1865-1866. Russell died May 28, 1878 at Surrey. John Stuart was born on 25 May, 1713 at Parliament Square, London. John Stuart was educated at Eton and the University of Leiden, Netherlands. In 1737, due to the influence of his uncles, he was elected a Scottish representative peer, but he was not very active in the Lords and was not reelected in 1741. For the next several years he retired to his estates in Scotland to manage his affairs and indulge his interest in botany. The Earl of Bute only served 317 days as British Prime Minister. Died on 10 March, 1792, Grosvenor Square, London.

The flowering plant genus Stuartia is named after him. Margaret Thatcher was born 13 October, 1925, in Grantham, Lincolnshire. Thatcher was educated at Kesteven and Grantham Girls School and Somerville College, Oxford. She became President of the university Conservative association. Margaret Thatcher was elected as the Conservative MP for Finchley in 1959. She was later shadow spokesperson for Education. Thatcher became Education Secretary in 1970. She became the the party leader in 1975. Then, in 1979, Margaret Thatcher lead her party to victory and became Prime Minister. Thatcher was the first woman to serve as Prime Minister. She was the Prime Minister for 11 years and 209 days. Sir Robert Walpole was born on 26 August 1676, at Houghton, Norfolk. He was educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge. He was married to Catherine Shorter and then Maria Skerrett. Sir Robert Walpole never actually held the title of "Prime Minister", which did not excist at that time.

But Sir Robert Walpole was the first to live and work in Number 10 Downing Street and in history has been regarded as the first Prime Minister. Walpole, a Whig, served during the reigns of George I and George II. His tenure is normally dated from 1721, when he obtained the post of First Lord of the Treasury; others date it from 1730, when, with the retirement of Lord Townshend, he became the sole and undisputed leader of the Cabinet. The "longer" version of the tenure is generally upheld by the contemporary press, most notably that of the opposition, who focused far more attention upon Walpole than his counterpart. Walpole continued to govern until he resigned in 1742, making his administration the longest in British history. He went on to spend some 20 years as the Prime Minister. Sir Robert Walpole died in March, 1745. Arthur Wellesley was born on May 1, 1769 in Ireland. He was educated at Eton and Royal Academy of Equitation, Angers, France. He served in the army and attained the rank of Field Marshal.

Widely considered one of the leading military and political figures of the nineteenth century, and one of the greatest generals of all time. Commissioned an ensign in the British Army, he rose to prominence in the Napoleonic Wars, eventually reaching the rank of field marshal, after the Battle of Vittoria in 1813. His military career culminated at Waterloo, where he defeated the French Emperor, Napoleon in a hard fought battle. Wellesley served as Prime Minister from 1769-1852. During his first seven months as Prime Minister he chose not to live in the official residence at 10 Downing Street, finding it too small. He relented and moved in only because his own home, Apsley House, required extensive renovations. Arthur Wellesley died on September 14, 1852. He was largely instrumental in the foundation of King's College London. Charles Wentworth was born: 13 May, 1730. A descendant of the 1st Earl of Strafford, Lord Rockingham was brought up at the family home of Wentworth Woodhouse near Rotherham in South Yorkshire.

He was educated at the Westminster School and at St John's College, Cambridge. In 1746, he rode from Wentworth to Carlisle to join the Duke of Cumberland in pursuit of the "Young Pretender." Four years later, he was created Earl Malton in the Peerage of Ireland, then acceded to his father's marquessate shortly thereafter. He took his seat in the House of Lords the following year, and in 1751 was made a lord of the bedchamber to George II. He was made a knight of the Order of the Garter in 1761. Charles Wentworth served 1 year, 113 days as Prime Minister. His term was successful, but he was later sacked by the King. Charles Wentworth died 1 July, 1782, Wimbledon, London. He served in only two high offices during his lifetime (Prime Minister and Leader of the House of Lords), but was nonetheless very influential during his one and a half years of service. Spencer Compton was born on 1673 in Compton Wynyates, Warwickshire. He was educated at St Paul's School, Westminster and Trinity College, Oxford.

Served as Speaker of the House of Commons, Paymaster General, and treasurer to the Prince of Wales. Although his family were High Tories, he turned to the Whigs after a quarrel with his brother, the 4th Earl of Northampton. In Parliament he soon stood out as prominent amongst the Whigs and began a partnership with Robert Walpole that would last for over forty years. Spencer Compton, Earl of Wilmington, served as Prime Minister from 1742 -43. He died in 1743. James Harold Wilson was born on March 11, 1916 in Huddersfield. Harold studied at the Wirral Grammar School for Boys, the Jesus College, Oxford and youngest Oxford University. For a while Wilson lectured in economics at New College and then at University College. Wilson served served as Prime Minister from 1964-1970 and 1974-1976. He was knighted in 1976. Harold Wilson died May 24, 1995. He is buried on St Mary's, Isles of Scilly.

His epitaph is Tempus Imperator Rerum (Time Commands All Things). His memorial service was held in Westminster Abbey on 13 July.

Question: Which British Prime Minister was born in Canada in 1858, the only one born outside the British Isles?
Answer: (Andrew) Bonar Law