Saint Pierre and Miquelon Map World Map / France Map / Saint Pierre and Miquelon Map Saint Pierre and Miquelon Map Facts about Saint Pierre and Miquelon 46° 47′ 0″ N, 56° 12′ 0″ W Location 242 km2 ,93 sq mi Population self-governing territorial collectivity of France Time zone .pm Saint Pierre and Miquelon Map About 4,000 kilometers away from France, near Canada, lies an island group named Saint Pierre and Miquelon, France’s Overseas Territory that is French in every way possible, despite being so far from its parent country. From building names and flag to the dialects and cuisine, the people of these islands are as much French as a Parisian, Basque, Normand, or Acadian (people from different regions in France). The islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon are, hence, popularly referred to as a French destination in North America. About Saint Pierre and Miquelon Islands Best known for its panoramic views, fresh air, warm people, and a colorful history Saint Pierre and Miquelon is a favorite holiday destination for nearby North Americans.

It is located in the Atlantic Ocean, just off the Canadian coast to the east and close to the island of Newfoundland. Saint Pierre and Miquelon is a self-governing archipelago under the territorial or "collectivity" administration of France. It is in fact the oldest and smallest "overseas collectivity" of the European country. Its currency is the Euro. Many businesses here also accept Canadian and US Dollars. According to historians, Saint Pierre and Miquelon was discovered by Vikings in the 11th century, and again by the French in the 17th century. Down the years, the islands were the center of a tug-of-war between France and the Great Britain for some years, until France finally achieved control. The islands themselves were inhabited by fishermen colonies, which fished in the surrounding waters for cod, stored them and traded them off to the nearby countries. This was until 1920, when the US government banned alcohol consumption in their country. Saint Pierre and Miquelon then became a hotspot for the alcohol trade, where Canada marketed their booze and the American mafia smuggled them secretly to the US (till 1933).

In the present, artifacts associated with those days are visible in several places. Fishing now is history due to the current shortage of fish in the sea, and more importantly the international enforcement of cessation of cod-fishing by Canada. The businesses in the islands now focus more on cultural tourism and quarantine activities. Geography of Saint Pierre and Miquelon The archipelago of Saint Pierre and Miquelon is a group of eight small to big islands, of which the most significant ones are Saint Pierre Island and the Miquelon-Langlade Island(s) (populations about 6,500 and 619, respectively). Saint Pierre is the smaller land mass with only 25 sq km area, whereas Miquelon is sprawled across 205 sq km. Miquelon is actually made of three islands (Le Cap, Grand Miquelon, and Langlade or Petite Miquelon) connected by sand dunes (better known as tomboles). This land mass is separated from Saint Pierre by a 4.8 km wide strait, named La Baie. This strait is popularly referred to as the "Mouth of Hell," due to the prevalence of high-speed winds.

It is no wonder that harbors of Saint Pierre and Miquelon are on opposite sides. The islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon feature rocky terrain and deep ports. The coasts are mostly characterized by steep cliffs. There are a few short-length rivers as well in the islands, the largest being Belle in the Langlade Island. The Belle River valley is inhabited by warblers and sparrows. Many other types of birds are found in different regions of Saint Pierre and Miquelon. How to reach Saint Pierre and Miquelon The islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon have two airports, one each in the two main islands. The Saint Pierre Airport is the international airport, which receives Air Saint-Pierre flights from the neighboring Miquelon Island and various cities of Canada. The Miquelon Airport has flights from Saint Pierre and a few from Canada as well. Most of the flights are seasonal in order to attract tourists to these pristine islands. Being just about 20 km from Newfoundland, Saint Pierre and Miquelon can also be accessed by the waterway. There are regular ferries sailing to the Saint Pierre Island from the Fortune Bay in Newfoundland. You can reach the island of Newfoundland from various Canadian mainland ports, including Nova Scotia and North Sydney.

Tourists are advised to carry their passports and visa (not required for North Americans) for efficient transit. Weather of Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saint Pierre and Miquelon have a sub-arctic climate with temperatures ranging from an average of -5 °C in the cold season (December to March; February being the coldest) to an average of 16 °C in the warm season (July to September; August being the warmest). The summer season is considered the best time to visit. During this time, you can get bright and sunny weather with gusty winds and bouts of cloudy sky at times. Winters are treacherous with snow and high speed winds that makes the chilly temperatures feel colder. Points of Interest in Saint Pierre and Miquelon Historic places, cultural characteristics, and a warm group of people make a tour around Saint Pierre and Miquelon quite charming. The rugged terrain with the surrounding blue-colored Atlantic Ocean, and bright weather (during summers) makes up for the lack of touristy monuments in the islands. Then again, Saint Pierre and Miquelon does have a number of small museums that narrate stories from the past, along with artifacts, paintings, and photographs.

The Saint Pierre Island also has a school that teaches French language and culture. It is attended by students from the North American mainland. In addition, you can find various things relating this island to its parent country, including the names of buildings, boulangerie, flag, and even their native dialects. Miquelon has a strong Acadian community, giving you a fair insight into the lives of these Acadian descendants. Apart from these, Saint Pierre and Miquelon also has a slight Canadian essence in their warmth and festive spirit. Here are the top points of interest in Saint Pierre and Miquelon: Saint Pierre Cathedral – This 20th century sandstone church is constructed in the Basque architectural style. It was originally built in the late 17th century but was demolished due to fire. It is famous for its unique stained glass windows, which were considered to have been gifted by General Charles de Gaulle. Saint Pierre Harbor - There are a number of points of interest in the port area of Saint Pierre. Starting from its landmark, the Pointe aux Canons Lighthouse, which is a red-white striped tall structure situated at the edge of the jetty.

Although not open to the public, this lighthouse is popular among tourists as background for their pictures. You can also look at the Pointe aux Canons Battery a few steps away, which is believed to be associated with the Crimean War. Other places to visit in and around the Saint Pierre Harbor are the Post Office, Custom House and the Place du Général de Gaulle, which is the hub of events on Bastille Day. L'Île-aux-Marins – Situated just off the Saint Pierre coast, L'Île-aux-Marins or the Island of the Sailors is a small deserted island. It was at one point in history, inhabited. Due to lack of electricity and efficient connection with the world, the inhabitants migrated to the nearby islands. In the present, tourists visit the isle to see the abandoned buildings, fishermen’s houses, a church, museum and a cemetery, and also for the local legends associated with this place. Langlade – Langlade is an almost uninhabited southern part of Miquelon. Characterized by breathtaking views of cliffs, vegetation, and wildlife, Langlade is a summer retreat for many islanders and North Americans.

It is also widely renowned among ornithologists for its different bird-watching spots. Accommodation at Saint Pierre and Miquelon Tourists in Saint Pierre and Miquelon can easily find hotels, bed and breakfasts, and rental apartments in both the main islands. These establishments though have a limited number of rooms. So, tourists are often advised to book their stay in advance, especially during the peak season. You can find a range of stay options in the islands, from budget to luxurious.

Here is a list of top accommodations in Saint Pierre and Miquelon: L’Auberge Saint Pierre (charming hotel conveniently located near the port) Nuits Saint Pierre (luxurious bed and breakfast housed in a heritage building) Hotel Robert (largest hotel in the islands, and historically renowned for its museum dating back to the Prohibition era) Motel de Miquelon (known for value services and comfortable stay) Last Updated : April 18, 2014 BBC News - Regions and territories: St Pierre and Miquelon Printable version Regions and territories: St Pierre and Miquelon The sole remnant of France's once-extensive possessions in North America, the Atlantic islands of St Pierre and Miquelon lie off the Canadian island of Newfoundland. With little agriculture and a troubled fishing industry, they depend on France for subsidies and on their near neighbour for goods and transport links. Overview Media Fish processing is the main economic activity, although tourism is increasingly important. The territory capitalises on its image as "France in North America". The fishing industry was badly hit by disputes with Canada from the late 1970s over quotas and territorial waters, and by a later moratorium on cod fishing.

In 1992 a tribunal awarded an economic zone to St Pierre and Miquelon that was less than 25% of the area claimed by France. The territory's fortunes declined alongside its fishing industry At its peak the fishery attracted hundreds of vessels from Europe every year, spawning a ship supply and repair industry. After periods of French and British rule and frequent skirmishes between the two, the territory was restored to France in 1816. It became a French department in 1976. This was unpopular; many islanders said European integration did not take into account their remoteness. The islands became a French "territorial collectivity" in 1985. The status - something between a department and an overseas territory - allowed French subsidies to continue and calmed Canadian fears about European exploitation of its fishing grounds. The territory enjoyed a windfall in the prohibition era of the 1920s, when the US banned the production and sale of alcoholic drinks. It became a centre for shipping whisky, wine and rum to the US. But the end of prohibition in 1933 plunged the islands into economic depression. Fish stocks in the seas around the islands attracted the first Europeans.

A French fishing post was established in 1604. The descendants of the first settlers - including Bretons, Normans and Basques - make up much of the present population. Rugged cliffs, hills, lakes and peat bogs characterise the mostly-barren landscape. Facts Territory: St Pierre and Miquelon Status: French overseas territory Area: 242 sq km (93 sq miles) Major language: French Life expectancy: 76 years (men), 80 years (women) Monetary unit: euro The Latest - Blog - 5 really cool things about St. Pierre and Miquelon 5 really cool things about St. Pierre and Miquelon Tweet Just off the coast of Newfoundland is a collection of islands that are not part of the province. Indeed, they are not even Canada! St. Pierre and Miquelon are the last piece of French territory in North America. They are quite distinct from Newfoundland and Labrador, making them a must visit. Indeed, the tourism industry of St. Pierre and Miquelon and the Burin Peninsula, in Eastern Newfoundland, are closely entwined. You’ll discover a whole new world when you take the ferry from the town of Fortune .

Here’s some of the coolest facts about Newfoundland and Labrador’s closest foreign country. It was French, then English, French then English, and eventually French again If anything, the history of St. Pierre and Miquelon has been tumultuous. They have long been a territory that has been exchanged, sometimes violently so, between the French and the English as they waged conflicts in the larger world. Originally a French settlement, the British took control of the islands in 1713, 1778, 1794, 1803, and 1815, with the French taking back possession between each of these occupations. Eventually, the French took control of the islands once again in 1816, this time permanently. It was a rum runner’s paradise During the 1920s and the American prohibition, St. Pierre and Miquelon featured prominently in efforts to smuggle alcohol into the US, with infamous mobsters setting up operations on the island. In fact, even Al Capone used the islands, and was a client of Hotel Robert, a hotel that still operates to this day. It has one island that’s actually two islands!

Photo by Doc Searls Perhaps the islands of St. Pierre and Miquelon should be known as St. Pierre and Miquelon and Langlade. The largest island is technically known as Miquelon-Langlade, and it is dumbbell shape, the northern portion being Miquelon and the southern portion being Langlade. What connects them is the Dune de Langlade, a not-so-permanent sandy isthmus. In fact, during the 18th century, a storm destroyed the isthmus, creating two islands, only to have currents shortly thereafter connect them once again. You can travel through time Newfoundland is known for its own quirky 30 minute time zone, but St. Pierre and Miquelon is something else entirely. They too have their own time zone, this one being 30 minutes ahead of Newfoundland time. So at noon in Newfoundland, it’s 12:30 P.M. in St. Pierre, 11:30 A.M. in Halifax, and 10:30 A.M. in Toronto. Technically, this makes St. Pierre and Miquelon the first place in North America to celebrate the New Year.

This unique time zone provides has an interesting quirk. Since you have to travel west by ferry from Fortune to reach St. Pierre, it’s one of the few time zones on earth that will force you to set your watch ahead as you travel west. It’s France! While St. Pierre and Miquelon is near Newfoundland and share its climate and geography, one can be excused for thinking that culturally they will be a lot like Newfoundland and Labrador. Nothing can be further from the truth! When travelling to St. Pierre, you’ll go through customs (don’t forget your passport!), you’ll use the Euro, and you’ll experience French food, wine, music, and, of course, the language. Indeed, it is culturally distinct, and proudly so! Newfoundland may be the most eastern portion of North America, but St. Pierre is, at least culturally, the most western portion of Europe! And one bonus quirky fact about Newfoundland Due to the proximity and small size of St. Pierre and Miquelon, they do depend on the island in some regards. There are plenty of close connections through families and friends, and the citizens of St. Pierre and Miquelon are regular visitors to the island of Newfoundland.

While it may not be an everyday occurrence, it is not uncommon to see cars with European license plates in Newfoundland, making it the only place in North America that you will see this with any regularity! Photos courtesy of Vanina Merkle, unless otherwise noted. St Pierre and Miquelon profile - BBC News BBC News St Pierre and Miquelon profile 17 June 2016 Read more about sharing. Close share panel The sole remnant of France's once-extensive possessions in North America, the Atlantic islands of St Pierre and Miquelon lie off the Canadian island of Newfoundland. Fish processing is the main economic activity although tourism is increasingly important and the territory capitalises on its image as "France in North America". It depends on France for subsidies and Canada for goods and transport links. After periods of French and British rule, the territory was restored to France in 1816, becoming a French "territorial collectivity" in 1985. The prohibition era of the 1920s made the territory a centre for shipping whisky, wine and rum to the US but its end in 1933 plunged the islands into economic depression.

The first Europeans were attracted by fish stocks around the islands, with a French fishing post being established in 1604. The descendants of the first settlers - including Bretons, Normans and Basques - make up much of the present population. Image copyright Getty Images Area 242 sq km (93 sq miles) Major language French Life expectancy 76 years (men), 80 years (women) Currency euro 20 Interesting Facts About St Pierre and Miquelon Start saving a fortune on your overseas calls Home › Blog › 20 Interesting Facts About St Pierre and Miquelon 3rd December 2015 20 Significant Facts About St Pierre and Miquelon Looking to boost your local knowledge of this unique country? Take a look at these 20 facts about St Pierre and Miquelon! Geographical stats… St Pierre and Miquelon is an archipelago and a self-governing French overseas territory off the coast of Canada in North America. Its nearest neighbour is Canada to the west, north and east. It also has a coastline along the North Atlantic Ocean. Fancy exploring this wonderful country for yourself?

Head for the coordinates of 46.7833° N, 56.2000° E. The terrain here is mostly flat, barren rock, with the highest point reaching 787 feet. The total land area of St Pierre and Miquelon is 93 square miles (242 square kilometres)… …that’s around 9 times the size of Bath, Somerset. St Pierre and Miquelon’s population was 5,657 in 2015… …that’s only around 1/16th of the population of Bath! As a French overseas territory, residents here are French. The capital is Saint-Pierre; it covers an area of 9.7 square miles (25 square kilometres) and had a population of 5,000 in 2014. Inhabitants of St Pierre and Miquelon enjoy a cold and wet climate with considerable mist and fog. Average temperatures range from 19°C down to -5°C, dependent on the time of year. We suggest you pack your waterproof coats!

Social intricacies Tourisme Saint-Pierre et Miquelon Découvrez des îles d’exception : un bout de France aux abords de l’Amérique et du Canada Étonnant archipel français au large du continent nord-américain. Situé dans le golfe du Saint-Laurent à moins de 20 km de Terre-Neuve, l’archipel comprend plusieurs îles : Saint-Pierre, Miquelon-Langlade. Une destination à découvrir ! Nos partenaires St. Pierre & Miquelon Tourism | USA Today St. Pierre & Miquelon Tourism French Polynesian Beaches Just south of Newfoundland in the North Atlantic, the archipelago of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon offers a tiny but authentic chunk of French soil within easy reach of the northeastern United States. Settled in the early 17th century, the islands are a self-governing overseas territory of France. The territory’s clean air, bracing climate, friendly people and Gallic charm make it an increasingly popular tourist destination for Americans and Canadians.

Geography The archipelago of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon covers those two islands as well as eight smaller islands nearby, for a total of 93.5 square miles. Although the island of Miquelon is by far the largest, Saint-Pierre is the most densely populated and the site of the territory’s capital and largest town, also called Saint-Pierre. The islands are roughly 800 miles northeast of Boston, close to the point where the Gulf of St. Lawrence meets the North Atlantic. How to Get There The territory’s official carrier, Air Saint-Pierre, operates flights to Saint-Pierre from the Canadian cities of St. John’s, Newfoundland; Halifax, Nova Scotia; Moncton, New Brunswick; and Montreal. The only other regularly scheduled transportation to the territory is ferry service from the port of Fortune in southern Newfoundland. Tourists from the United States can drive through New England to New Brunswick and then Nova Scotia. Ferry service is available from North Sydney, Nova Scotia, to Newfoundland, where you can catch the ferry to Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. When to Go Visit Saint-Pierre and Miquelon in the summer unless you’re a big fan of winter weather.

Average annual snowfall on the islands is 118 inches, while rainfall usually tops out at about 40 inches. Surrounded on all sides by the sea, the islands provide extremely temperate weather even during the summer, when temperatures average about 61 degrees F. If you’re headed to the territory during June and July, prepare for fog. August and September bring the most pleasant weather, featuring sunny and warm conditions, although the winds sometimes get a bit gusty. Practical Information Americans who plan to visit this French archipelago will need a valid US passport but not a visa. The US passport card, used for land and sea travel to other North American countries, including Bermuda, Canada, the Caribbean and Mexico, is not acceptable. The official currency on the islands is the euro, but most major credit cards are accepted. The territory’s official language is French, but a large number of people in the service industries speak some English. Saint-Pierre and Miquelon is two hours ahead of Eastern time, so it’s 2 p.m. on the islands when it’s noon in New York and Washington, DC. What to See Saint-Pierre, the territory’s capital, offers a wide array of attractions worth visiting.

These include the Saint-Pierre Cathedral, which features stained-glass windows that were a gift from General Charles de Gaulle; the territorial government complex; and the Point aux Canons Lighthouse, located at the entrance to the harbor of Saint-Pierre. Visit the town of Miquelon, located at the northern end of the island of the same name, to sample a culture closely related to that of the Acadians, who were driven from Canada’s Maritime Provinces during the 18th century. References FAQ – St-Pierre and Miquelon Saint-Pierre : ICAO Code: LFVP / IATA Code: FSP Miquelon : ICAO Code: LFVM / IATA Code: MQC Saint-Pierre’s Airport Code is FSP. Immigration and Visas Altough part of the European Union, Saint-Pierre & Miquelon has its own Immigration procedures and regulations. Upon arrival in St-Pierre et Miquelon, tourists are required to have the following documents : Citizen from the European Union You must provide a passport, which will be necessary during transit via Canada.

Canadian Citizens Canadians and foreign nationals holding Canadian identification documents, and entering Saint-Pierre and Miquelon directly from Canada, are exempted from passport and visa requirements for stays of maximum duration of 3 months within a period of 6 months. List of acceptable documents : For adults: citizenship card (for Canadians), permanent resident card (for foreign nationals), driver’s licence, student card, social insurance card issued in Quebec and Ontario, passport (for Canadians) For minors: citizenship card (for Canadians), permanent resident card (for foreign nationals), passport (for Canadians) social insurance card with a photo, student card with a photo US Citizens The new passport-card IS NOT VALID ID for entry to Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. The passport card is a wallet-size card that can only be used for land and sea travel between the United States and Canada, Mexico, the Caribbean, and Bermuda. American citizens must have a valid passport. Other citizenships Americans and citizens from other countries must carry a valid passport. Other nationalities must provide a valid passport and in some cases a visa will be required. Visas are only required if Canadian, American or EU Citizens stay for more than 30 days.

Make sure that any children either have their own passport or photo ID or are registered on their parents documents. Please contact local authorities for more information. Tél. (508) 41-15-55 Fax : (508) 41-24-79 Internet Access Most B&Bs and Hotels offer WiFi. If you want to use a modem connection, make sure you have an phone plug adaptor for French phone outlets. Time Zone Saint-Pierre & Miquelon is part of the WTG Time Zone (UTC-3). Saint-Pierre & Miquelon is 4 hours behind Paris and 2 hours ahead of New York. Lunch The entire town usually closes up between 12 noon and 1:30 PM. It is also recommended you make reservations at local restaurants ahead of time to avoid disappointment. Telephone and Telecommunications The phone system in Saint-Pierre & Miquelon is integrated to the French national phone system. The local provider is SPM Telecom. Television and Radio Most B&Bs and Hotels are equipped with television sets.

In Saint-Pierre & Miquelon, there are two State Run television channels (RFO) and cable access to a number of channels from Canada and the USA (ABC, NBC, CBS & FOX). There are several FM stations who broadcast news from France, AM receivers may pick up Canadian and American stations. Voltage Electrical outlets in Saint-Pierre & Miquelon are 220 Volts, 50 Hz and the physical sockets are Standard French. Canadian and American appliances will only work with adaptors and voltage convertors. Some B & B’s still have 110V outlets. Visas and exemptions Some citizens are required to obtain a visa specific to St Pierre and Miquelon from the closest French Consulate. For more information, please check with the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs … Weather The weather is maritime and changeable, from moments of brilliant sunshine to thick fog, to showers. Summer days range from cool to hot with a normal temperature of 16° C (61° F). The normal annual rainfall is above 1000 mm and the normal annual snowfall is 300 cm.

In June and early July, fog is common and should be expected, whereas August and September are sunny, warm and sometimes windy. We can promise no scorching heatwaves! Winter snowfalls and snow storms are spectacular and worth witnessing because of the forces involved. The bravest photographers will be rewarded with out-of-this world scenery. Send Message Atlas of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon - Wikimedia Commons Atlas of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository The introductions of the country, dependency and region entries are in the native languages and in English. The other introductions are in English. Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Français Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon - Collectivité d'outre mer de Saint-Pierre et Miquelon Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon est depuis 1985, une collectivité territoriale à statut particulier, au sein de la République française et de l'Union européenne. Ce minuscule archipel est situé à l’est du Canada, à 25 km au sud de l’île et de la province de Terre-Neuve.

English Saint-Pierre and Miquelon - Overseas collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Saint-Pierre and Miquelon is a French overseas community consisting of several small islands off the eastern coast of ► Canada near Newfoundland. It is the only remnant of the former colonial territory of New France. The island of Saint-Pierre is surrounded by smaller dependencies which include the island of Grand Colombier, Petit Colombier, Île aux Marins (formally known as Île aux Chiens), Île aux Pigeons and Île aux Vainqueurs. The total area of the islands is 93.4 square miles (242 km²). They have a coastline which is 74.5 miles (120 km) long. The island of Miquelon is roughly 15.8 miles from the coast of Newfoundland at their closest points. However, there is a small island with a lighthouse belonging to Newfoundland called Green Island that is between Langlade and St. Pierre and Newfoundland about 10 kilometers from Langlade and St. Pierre.

Short name Overseas collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Status ► French overseas collectivity, French since 1814 Location Roman Catholicism More information Map of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon Same map in French Map of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon's Exclusive Economic Zone Satellite maps Simulated view of the islands by NASA Notes and references General remarks: The WIKIMEDIA COMMONS Atlas of the World is an organized and commented collection of geographical, political and historical maps available at Wikimedia Commons. The main page is therefore the portal to maps and cartography on Wikimedia. That page contains links to entries by country, continent and by topic as well as general notes and references . Every entry has an introduction section in English. If other languages are native and/or official in an entity, introductions in other languages are added in separate sections. The text of the introduction(s) is based on the content of the Wikipedia encyclopedia. For sources of the introduction see therefore the Wikipedia entries linked to. The same goes for the texts in the history sections. Historical maps are included in the continent, country and dependency entries. The status of various entities is disputed. See the content for the entities concerned.

The maps of former countries that are more or less continued by a present-day country or had a territory included in only one or two countries are included in the atlas of the present-day country. For example the Ottoman Empire can be found in the Atlas of Turkey .

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ly Islands • Falkland Islands • South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands • Bajo Nuevo Bank • Serranilla Bank • Southwestern Somalia Subnational autonomous entities SAINT-PIERRE AND MIQUELON (TERRITORIAL COLLECTIVITY OF SAINT-PIERRE AND MIQUELON) PAX GAEA WORLD POST HUMAN RIGHTS REPORT President of the Territorial Council since 21 February 2007 French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; election last held 22 April and 6 May 2012 Next scheduled election: Spring 2017 HEAD OF GOVERNMENT President of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the council; election last held 18 March 2012 Next scheduled election: March 2018 DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS Basques and Bretons (French fishermen) RELIGIONS Roman Catholic 99%, other 1% GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE Self-governing territorial overseas collectivity of France with two communes; Legal system are the laws of France, where applicable Executive: French president elected by popular vote for a

 five-year term; election last held 22 April and 6 May 2012 (next to be held in Spring 2017); prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the territorial Council is elected by the members of the council Legislative: Unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats, 15 from Saint Pierre and four from Miquelon; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) elections: elections last held 18 March 2012 (next to be held in March 2018) note: Saint Pierre and Miquelon elect one member to the French Senate; elections last held on 21 September 2008 (next to be held in September 2014); Saint Pierre and Miquelon also elects one member to the French National Assembly; elections last held on 17 June 2012 (next to be held by June 2017); Judicial: Superior Tribunal of Appeals or Tribunal Superieur d'Appel LANGUAGES French (official) BRIEF HISTORY Some of the native artifacts found on the islands of Saint Pierre and Miqu

elon date back to 6000 BC.

There is no record of native habitation of Saint Pierre and Miquelon by the time that Europeans arrived. Beothuk and Paleoeskimo or Dorset culture artifacts have been uncovered on the island Saint-Pierre at Anse à Henry, north of the town of Saint-Pierre. The Beothuk painted themselves with red ochre, which was the origin of the term "Red Indian". The Beothuk did not survive long after their first encounters with Europeans. The first map that showed Saint Pierre and Miquelon was the Mappa mundi of 1500 created by Juan de la Cosa, where they were labelled 'Illa de la Trenidat'. There are some who argue that the 'Green Islands' encountered during the two pre-1472 Portuguese expeditions under João Vaz Corte-Real and the 1501 Portuguese expedition under his son Gaspar Corte-Real were St. Pierre and the islands near it. A map drawn by Johannes Ruysch published in 1507 depicts Miquelon, St. Pierre and the surrounding islands, and labelled as Barbatos.

Portuguese explorer João Álvares Fagundes on the 21st of October 1520 named the St. Pierre island group the 'Eleven Thousand Virgins'. Jacques Cartier of France referred to Saint Pierre and Miquelon and the neighboring islands as the 'Islands of Saint-Pierre' in a written report after his visit in 1536. This was the earliest known written reference to the name 'Saint-Pierre'. The first use of the name 'Miquelon' for the large western island in the St. Pierre island group appears in Les voyages aventureux du Capitaine Martin de Hoyarsal, habitant du çubiburu a reference book for sailors known as a "navigational pilot", written by Basque seaman Martin de Hoyarçabal in 1579. During the 16th century, the islands were used as a base for the seasonal cod fishery by the French of La Rochelle, Granville, Saint-Malo and the Basque Country. French explorer Jacques Cartier was in Saint-Pierre in 1536.

By this time, Basque, Breton and Norman fishermen had been fishing in the waters off these islands for over 30 years. The first written evidence of year-round residents on the islands was in a report in 1670 by the first intendant of New France, Jean Talon, who recorded the presence of 13 fishermen and 4 sedentary residents. By 1687, there were 3 families living on the islands, a small chapel was built in 1689 and a military post was constructed in 1690 in Saint-Pierre. Two long wars between France and England, King William's War, extending from 1689 to 1697 and Queen Anne's War, from 1702 to 1712 were associated with at least five British attacks on the islands. This led to the abandonment of the islands by many of the French settlers by 1708. Some of the settlers that left went to Cape Breton Island to live in the new French fishing colony of Ile Royale.

The Treaty of Utrecht brought these wars to an end, and France ceded possession of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, as well as Newfoundland, to the English. After they took control of the islands in 1713, the English changed the name of St. Pierre to "Saint Peter's". In the summer of 1763, after England had agreed to return the islands to French possession, James Cook mapped the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon. Between 1763 and 1778, the islands became a place of refuge for Acadian deportees from Nova Scotia. In 1778 the islands were attacked by a force led by Newfoundland's Governor John Montagu and the population deported by the British as retaliation for French support of the American Revolutionary War. The residents were sent to France and their homes were destroyed. France regained the islands in 1783 after the Treaty of Versailles and some residents returned to the islands. In May of 1793, British hostility to the French Revolution and the fact that France had declared war on the United Kingdom as part of the War of the First Coalition, led to another British attack on the islands under Captain William Affleck of Halifax.

The seasonal fishermen and French military forces were deported in 1793, followed by the 950 residents in 1794, who were shipped to Halifax and held for two years. English fishermen took possession of the islands. Only 2 years later, French forces under Rear-Admiral de Richery attacked the islands in 1796, sinking 80 British vessels. The English abandoned the islands, and the French destroyed the town. After this, the islands remained deserted until 1816. The islands were finally returned to France after the second abdication of Napoleon in 1815. The increasing French presence on the French Shore led to tension between the French and English inhabitants, and extensive negotations between France and Britain. These negotiations resulted in a convention in 1857 in which Britain agreed to allow French settlements on the French Shore and eventually their exclusive use of this territory. Submarine trans-Atlantic telegraph cables from France in the 1800s typically were routed from the French mainland through stations on Miquelon or St. Pierre, and then on to Nova Scotia or the United States. The first was laid in 1869.

The First World War resulted in disruptions of supplies from France between 1914 and 1918, and the death of over 100 residents in the trenches of Europe. Starting in 1920, the US passed the Eighteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution which led to Prohibition. As a result, St. Pierre and Miquelon became the transshipment point for bringing illegal alcohol from Canada into the United States. Many gangsters including Al Capone and Bill McCoy set up operations in the islands, using them as a base to smuggle alcohol into the US. As quickly as it began, the boom collapsed when Prohibition was repealed, leaving a depressed local economy. On Christmas Eve 1941, Free French forces led by Rear-Admiral Émile Muselier "invaded" the islands on behalf of Charles de Gaulle, commanding three corvettes and the submarine Surcouf. The Vichy administration on the islands immediately surrendered. This "invasion" by Free French forces exploded into a major international incidence because the use of military force by Free France was contrary to the Monroe Doctrine.

The United States and Canada both threatened invasion of the islands, despite Free France being a nominal ally of both countries. However, the "liberation" of St. Pierre and Miquelon had graced the front pages of major newspapers in both countries as one of the first territories to be removed from Axis control. At the end of the second World War in 1945, Saint Pierre and Miquelon resumed its place as a center for cod-fishing. Other nations joined the French fleet to fish in the waters around the islands. The economy was not as prosperous as it had been, and by the 1960s French government subsidies constituted half the budget of the islands. This led to the reputation of the island residents as being "the world's most expensive Frenchmen". In the late 1950s De Gaulle offered all French colonies political and financial independence. Saint Pierre and Miquelon chose to remain part of France. A political leadership crisis in Saint Pierre and Miquelon erupted in 1965. France sent in an armed force of 'gardes mobiles'. In response, the residents of Saint Pierre and Miquelon mounted a three-day general strike in protest of this interference in local affairs.

The islands became a full département d'outre mer of France in 1976. This status was modified in 1985 and the islands became a territory with special status (collectivité territoriale à statut particulier). After the constitutional reform of 2003, it became a collectivité d'outre-mer, while keeping its particular name of collectivité territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon. To the consternation of law enforcement officials, there continues to be smuggling of alcohol and tobacco from Saint Pierre and Miquelon to Newfoundland. This illegal trade has a long history and tradition, and is partly driven by a depressed local economy. At this point, Saint Pierre and Miquelon represent the sole remaining vestige of France's once vast North American possessions. They have always been most important as a fishing centre, being in easy travelling distance of the Grand Banks of Newfoundland, some of the world's richest fishing grounds. However, they are slowly diversifying their economy into tourism and other activities, with the assistance of the French government.

As a result of an agreement {ref} between the European Union and France, the Euro became the legal currency of the French overseas territories of French Guiana, Réunion, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Guadeloupe, Martinique and Mayotte in 2002. The Territorial Council (Conseil territorial) is the legislative branch of the government of the French territory. It was previously known as General Council (Conseil général), but the name was changed into Territorial Council by the French law of February 22, 2007 which also increased the council's powers. The Territorial Council Building is an orange two story structure located at Church Square in Saint-Pierre. Source: Wikipedia: History of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon ECONOMIC OVERVIEW TThe inhabitants have traditionally earned their livelihood by fishing and by servicing fishing fleets operating off the coast of Newfoundland. The economy has been declining, however, because of disputes with Canada over fishing quotas and a steady decline in the number of ships stopping at Saint Pierre.

In 1992, an arbitration panel awarded the islands an exclusive economic zone of 12,348 sq km to settle a longstanding territorial dispute with Canada, although it represents only 25% of what France had sought. France heavily subsidizes the islands to the great betterment of living standards. The government hopes an expansion of tourism will boost economic prospects. Fish farming, crab fishing, and agriculture are being developed to diversify the local economy. Recent test drilling for oil may pave the way for development of the energy sector. Source: CIA World Factbook (select Saint-Pierre and Miquelon ) POLITICAL CLIMATE Politics of Saint Pierre and Miquelon takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic French overseas collectivity, whereby the President of the Territorial Council is the head of government, and of a pluriform multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. The head of state is President Nicolas Sarkozy of France as represented by Préfet (Prefect) Albert Dupuy (since 10 January 2005). The Prefect is essentially the Governor of the territory.

The Territorial Council of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (French: Conseil territorial de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon), which was known until February 22, 2007 as the General Council (Conseil général), has 19 members, elected for a three year term in single seat constituencies. The council sits at the Territorial Council Building, a two storey, two tone aqua colour building on St. Pierre. The judiciary of the territory consists of the Superior Tribunal of Appeals (Tribunal Superieur d'Appel). The court resides at the Palais de Justice or Courthouse and are located at Church Square in St. Pierre. HUMAN RIGHTS STATEMENTS, ANALYSIS AND CRITIQUES Limits in the Seas Canada- St.-Pierre and Miquelon Territorial Sea Boundary The Governments of Canada and the French Republic signed an agreement on March 27, 1972, concerning their mutual fishing relations off the Atlantic coast of Canada. The agreement entered into force on the date of signing.

Annexed to the agreement was a declaration delimiting the territorial sea between the Canadian province of Newfoundland and the French overseas territory of St.-Pierre and Miquelon. Neither country is party to the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zone. The Agreement Between Canada and France on Their Mutual Fishing Relations, Having regard to the fact that the Canadian Government has deemed it necessary, notably with a view to ensuring the protection of Canadian fisheries, to adopt certain measures relating to the delimitation of the territorial sea and the fishing zones of Canada, Considering it desirable to adapt to present circumstances their mutual relations in fishery matters. Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 40 of the Covenant Fifth periodic report of States parties France * [3 August 2012] Introduction 1. France asks the Committee of Human Rights kindly find below the fifth periodic report on the implementation of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights. 2. The preparation of this report was carried out in consultation with civil society through the National Consultative Commission on Human Rights (CNCDH). This national institution, which has existed since 1947 and that Act No.

2007-292 of 5 March 2007 endorsed the existence, is composed of 30 representatives of civil society (NGOs and trade unions), 30 qualified persons (representatives of religions and currents of thought, independent experts in international human rights, Former Ministers and senior officials, lawyers, judges, academics) and the Defender of Rights, a representative of the economic, social and environmental a member and a senator. It is intended to ensure the promotion and protection of human rights. 3. Promotion and protection of culture 73. The Ministry of Culture is present in Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, Réunion, Mayotte and Saint-Pierre and Miquelon through the Regional Directorates of Cultural Affairs (DRAC). The DCRAC is responsible for conducting the cultural policy of the State, particularly in the areas of knowledge, conservation and promotion of heritage, the promotion of architecture, support for the creation and dissemination artistic all their components, the development of books and reading, arts education and cultural transmission of knowledge, the promotion of cultural diversity and audience development, the development of the economy culture and cultural industries, the promotion of the French language and the languages ​​of France.

It conducts the actions of the state, develops cooperation with local authorities to which it can provide, as necessary, technical support. 74. Actions taken for the protection of indigenous culture are many and varied. Include the twenty museums in the overseas departments but also the Musée du Quai Branly. Opened in June 2006, it showcases the arts and civilizations of Africa, Asia, Oceania and the Americas to travel the world to discover the indigenous peoples and their cultures and traditions, including a large space dedicated to the civilizations of communities overseas. FREEDOM HOUSE No Reports from Freedom House mentioning Saint Pierre and Miquelon after exhaustive search of their database. Please forward any information you may have regarding Freedom House efforts on behalf of Saint Pierre and Miquelon to the Pax Gaea World Report editor at the link below Justice establishes defamation accuracies Stéphane Artano 23 October 2012 I never wanted to discuss the issue publicly judicial complaint against X for defamation not to pollute the local atmosphere.

This is also why the Parisian court was seized at the time, but after the publication of an article on Tuesday partly reflecting the outcome of the case and posted on the website of the Future Cap, I want to make the following clarifications: 1. The Paris Correctional Court admits defamatory against the Territorial Council: In the working copy (unsigned copy) awarded by the court to my lawyer, it is noted that the continued contain much about the imputation of embezzlement. The court noted that suspicion led to the referral by Annick Girardin and Yannick CAMBRAY the prosecutor. A criminal investigation was opened and dismissed by the prosecutor of the Archipelago. Why advisers opposition so fond of comments, do not they release at the time? Judge considers that the defamatory continued concern only the Territorial Council and its deliberations and non Stéphane Artano as such, even if the "President Artano" is quoted in the text. Rarely has a meeting divert public funds if the offense was made! In summary: 1. The judge therefore recognizes the defamatory nature of certain statements continued.

Good faith alleged by the defendant was not adopted by the Court and the judge noted that the lawyer raises Annick Girardin "rightly" about the aim pursued only Territorial Council. 2. The discussion focuses on the identity of the victim. We decided to appeal this decision, I asked for € 1 in damages at trial. 2. Annick Girardin is dismissed by the administrative judge's action to cancel my functional protection: Annick Girardin asked the Administrative Court of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon cancellation of the decision giving me, as the law provides functional protection of the Community. The administrative judge, by judgment of 26 September 2012, dismissed the appeal Annick Girardin Whereas, therefore my protection by the Territorial Council was due. On this issue initiated by Annick Girardin, the community has defended its legal department, so here are some reassurance. Finally, Annick Girardin may submit to the National Assembly a bill to remove for elected officials (like officials elsewhere) the right to protection if it is functional if it abérant, she this ambition? Reduce my only functional protection that folder is a shortcut. What is the next step? A new criticism on the compensation of elected officials?

In this case, we will look at all the elect ... Local politics out she grew up in this kind of demonstration? Archipelago deserves the highest level debates on its future, but some find it difficult to raise, I'm sorry. Environmental cleanup of a former fish factory in Saint-Pierre SAINT-PIERRE, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, 26 February 2012 Extensive environmental cleanup, to transfer ammonia refrigeration systems of the former factory SPM Seafood, began this weekend in St. Peter under the authority of the ADEME, according to the prefect of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon. To extract nearly 6 tonnes of industrial waste, potentially toxic, a perimeter was set up around the processing plant seafood, then closed into liquidation in May 2011, it was said. The waste is packaged in bottles Special themselves locked in a secure container that will ship next week to Halifax, Nova Scotia (Canada). Another ship take care of the transfer to the Netherlands, all of which are then transported by road via Belgium to Saint-Priest (Rhône).

The industrial waste will be valued according to ADEME (French Agency for Environment and Energy Management), mandated by the prefecture of Saint Pierre and Miquelon to drive this clean-up operation, a cost around 200,000 euros. Extraction of ammonia by two technicians metropolitan society EMT (Ortec General Pollution). In August 2011 Ammonia leak had forced the legal representative of SPM Seafood to switch off the refrigeration plant that was built in 1971 and destroyed the stock of 90 tons of frozen fish become unfit for human consumption . This clearance operation is a new symbol of the judgment of the fishing activity in Saint Pierre and Miquelon. According to the head office of the Prefect, he would indeed "9-12 months" to any new operator to reset circuit refrigeration plants. Long and expensive investment for a plant that has, to date, shown any prospect of profitability. The other plant in Saint-Pierre, the New Fisheries, was put into liquidation in November 2010. Currently, only the processing plant Miquelon is active.

The Ministry of Agriculture, which oversees the restructuring of the sector in the archipelago, recommends the creation of a Single Pole Transformation, a body responsible for allocating quotas and manage investments between the different plants of the archipelago . Projection: International Day "violence against women" November 30, 2012 The delegation of women's rights and equality between women and men organized a projection-trade during the International Day for the Elimination of Violence against Women. On this occasion, we offer a meeting about the film "La domination masculine" followed by a time of sharing on the prevention and management of violence against women. Educational tools available to the Bibliothèque Municipale de Saint-Pierre will be presented. Come many and many at the meeting on: Friday, November 30, 2012 at 20:30 Movie theater of the Cultural Center and Sports Through sequences funny, bewildering and sometimes dramatic, the film shows us that if these trends may initially seem marginal, it seems that our attitudes rarely adhere to our speech. This projection was made possible thanks to the support of the Cultural Center and Sports Territorial and Municipal Library of Saint- Pierre, is free

Question: What country is nearest to the French territory of St. Pierre and Miquelon?
Answer: Canada