WPS - Port of Callao review Port of Callao Review and History The Port of Callao is Peru's main commercial seaport. Just 12 kilometers from downtown Lima (Spanish), the country's capital, the Port of Callao is part of the Lima-Callao metropolitan area. The Port of Callaois 765 kilometers northwest of Peru's southern Port of Matarani and 960 kilometers southwest of the relatively isolated Port of Iquitos on the Amazon River in the country's far northeast region. The Port of Callao has one of South America's few good natural harbors on the Pacific Ocean. In 2005, almost 390 thousand people lived in the Port of Callao, although the Lima-Callao metropolitan area is home to more than 8.4 million. The Port of Callao lies south of the Rimac River at the tip of a peninsula protected by the offshore island of San Lorenzo and a promontory. The Port of Callao exports mainly refined metals, minerals, fish meal, and fish oil. Its principal imports are wheat, lumber, and machinery.

The Port of Callao is home to a wide range of industries that include breweries, fish meal factories, and shipbuilding yards. The Port of Callao is also home to a large naval base and the Jorge Chavez International Airport. It is also the site of several islands that support a large colony of sea lions and seabirds in a relatively pristine ecosystem. Port History Francisco Pizarro founded the Port of Callao in 1537, and it was soon Spain's main Pacific port in the New World. At the peak of Spain's power in Peru, the Port of Callao was the shipment point for goods from Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina to go to Panama and then to Spain through Cuba. Much of the cargo transported out of the Port of Callao was gold and silver that the Spanish conquistadores took from the Inca Empire . The Port of Callao was attacked often by pirates and Spain's European rivals. Sir Francis Drake pillaged the city in 1578. In 1746, a tidal wave destroyed the Port of Callao after a serious earthquake.

Rebuilt about a kilometer from the original site, the new Port of Callao was fortified by the Real Felipe fortress that ended up defending the Peruvians from Spain during the wars of independence. In 1823, Simon Bolivar arrived at the Port of Callao. Three years later, Spain surrendered at the Real Felipe fortress in the Port of Callao. During the period of the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy , the Callao Province was created with relative political autonomy. South America's first railroad started operating in 1851 between the Port of Callao and Lima. In 1857, the Port of Callao was entitled a "Constitutional Province." The name had no real value, except it was the only province in Peru to be given that status under constitutional mandate. The Port of Callao was bombed by the Spanish fleet in the 1866 Battle of Callao when the Spanish attempted to re-conquer Peru. In 1881, Chilean forces occupied the Port of Callao during the War of the Pacific. It was returned to Peru under the terms of the 1883 Treaty of Ancon .

In 1940, a devastating earthquake destroyed much of the Port of Callao, which was rebuilt in the following years. By 1949, the Port of Callao was one of the biggest centers for coca-based products in the world, and it was known for its traffic in cocaine. Before the Empresa Nacional de Puertos SA (ENAPU) was created in 1970, Peru's ports were managed by different organizations, both public and private. In the 1960s, the Port Administration in the Ministry of Finance increased nationwide port capacity when it built four new ports at Salaverry, Paita, Ilo, and General San Martin. The government attempted to integrate the nation's ports in 1968 by creating the Corporacion Nacional Portuaria, but the new body was not effective. In January 1970, ENAPU was formed by law as a decentralized public organization under the Transports and Communications Sector. ENAPU was made responsible for the operation, maintenance, and administration of all ports in the Republic of Peru .

This included 11 ports in the northern regions, three in the southern regions, four in the eastern interior regions, and five in the central region, including the Port of Callao. Over the years since ENAPU was formed, it has transferred management of some terminals to other groups, especially those ports operating under the lighterage system that were redirected to support commercial activities of municipalities and regions. In 2002, as the country underwent a decentralization process, the Port of Callao Region was created and separated from the Lima Region. Callao Map World Map / Peru Map / Provinces and Cities / Callao Map Callao Map Callao Peru established in 1537 is the most important port of the country. The city was repeatedly damaged by earthquakes and was rebuilt a few times. The importance of Callao in Peru as a commercial center is growing with time. The city is situated in the province of Callao. A major portion of the trade of Peru is carried through the port city of Callao in Peru. The bulk of exports and imports of the whole country depends on the port city of Callao in Peru. The items exported through this port are petroleum, minerals, cotton, sugar, coffee, etc.

Callao Peru also has a dockyard. The proximity to Lima helped in the development of the city of Callao in Peru. It is a part of the Lima Metropolitan area. The Jorge Chavez International Airport of Lima is also located in Callao Peru. This airport in the city of Callao in Peru connects this part of the country with the world. The Fortaleza del Real Felipe Fortress is one of the tourist attractions of the city. The structure built in a layout shaped like a pentagon is an important part of the history of Callao Peru. The other attractions in and around the city include churches, a naval base and a museum. The importance of Callao Peru is mostly due to its significance as a commercial center. However in recent times Callao has also become a tourist destination in Peru. The humid climate of the place is due to the nearness to the sea. Port of Callao | Longshore & Shipping News Longshore & Shipping News Disclaimer The articles excerpted on this site report on the state of the industry as seen by mainstream media, and do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the officers of the ILWU Coast Longshore Division.

Recent Posts APMT at risk of losing Callao, Peru concession Peru’s Public Use Transport Infrastructure Investment Supervisory Body (Ositran) is reportedly not happy with work completed so far by APM Terminals at the North Quay in the port of Callao. Ositrán has said that cracks have been noted in some of the completed infrastructure works, while not all the equipment that is in place tallies […] IDC: Solidarity with SUTRAMPORPC in Callao as APM is laying off striking workers Statement from the International Dockworkers’ Council: After more than two intense weeks of conflict and indefinite strike at the port of Callao following the refusal of APM Terminals to negotiate some of the crucial demands from SUTRAMPORPC to reach an agreement on the workers’ contract that expired more than one year ago, and […] Workers at Peru's largest port to continue strike Labor leaders from various sectors across the country will meet later this month in order to discuss the possibility of launching a national strike. | Photo: teleSUR An indefinite strike at Peru’s largest port in Callao, has caused the country economic losses of more than US$100 million, the main exporters association said Tuesday.

The […] Sutramporpc: APM starts laying off striking dockworkers From World Maritime News: Dockworkers launched an indefinite strike on May 13th due to the port operator, APM Terminal’s failure to agree on improved collective working conditions proposed by the union. The current collective contract expired in May 2014. The strike in Callao, the chief seaport of Peru, has taken yet another turn, as […] Strike hits Callao port Port workers have begun an “indefinite” strike at the general cargo facility in Callao, Peru operated by APM Terminals (APMT). The International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF) has voiced its support for the strike by Peruvian union SUTRAMPORC. According to a statement from SUTRAMPORC secretary Geraldo Honores, the union has gone on strike because APMT “has […] ITF docker unions pledge support for Peruvian colleagues Dockworkers seek union recognition, collective bargaining for safer workplaces and an end to discrimination at Callao, the largest port in Peru.

ITF dockers’ section representatives meeting in Perth, Australia, have backed the ITF-affiilated Peruvian SUTRAMPORPC union as it prepares to begin an indefinite strike at APM Terminals’ North Pier terminal in Callao, Peru tomorrow. […] DP Traffic Grew 11 Percent in First Half DP World said an 11 percent jump in container traffic in the first half of the year will deliver “significant improvement” to the Dubai-based terminal operator’s earnings in the period, which it will release Aug. 25. Gross volumes at the group’s 49 terminals rose to 26.2 million 20-foot equivalent units from 23.7 million TEUs in […] Continúan polémicas en torno a concesión del Muelle Norte de Callao [ENGLISH SUMMARY: Shipping agents at Callao, Peru, are the latest in a line of parties expressing dissatisfaction over the concession of Muelle Norte the north dock, to APM Terminals. Officials say that just 10 days after APM took over operations, the docks are chaotic, slow, seeing ships leave before being fully discharged, and increased costs.

[…] APMT’s Callao North concession under scrutiny Port of Callao, Peru No sooner than it starts up operations, APM Terminals faces the challenge of a new government in Callao The incoming Peruvian government has warned that the existing contract with APM Terminals at its new Callao North Terminal could be renegotiated if it deems that any clauses are not in the […] Calla, Peru, is just outside of Lima and is the anticipated export point for Latin American goods under the Pacific Agreement. The Port of Callao has been the site of major labor violations against the dockworkers union, SUTRAMPORPC. The governments of Peru, Colombia, Chile and Mexico will sign the Pacific Agreement on Thursday in […] Peru’s opposition candidate for president is gaining in polls, opposes concession of dock A U.S. State Department cable released on Wikileaks revealed that U.S. diplomats have been conducting a thinly-veiled campaign against Peruvian presidential candidate Ollanta Humala, pictured here, in favor of his neo-liberal rival. Click on the image to read the Wikileaks article.

An article titled “Maersk Wins Contract For $1.1 Billion Pier at Top Peru […] Peru’s exports totaled US$2.85 billion in January Callao, Peru Peru’s exports totaled US$ 2.85 billion in January 2011, a 17 percent jump compared to the same month a year earlier. Non traditional exports soared 38.3 percent in the first month of the year, while traditional exports increased 11.6 percent. China and United States were the main destinations markets for Peruvian exports, holding […] Assault on Peru port unionist SUTRAMPORPC General Secretary Wilmer Esteves Morales A vicious assault against a dockers’ unionist in Peru has been perpetrated less than two weeks after an employer promise ended 20 days of strike action in a Peruvian port. The attack against Wilmer Esteves Morales , general secretary of the Sindicato Único de Trabajadores Marítimos y Portuarios […] Peru ministry, US embassy team up Callao dockworkers have been fighting to regain their collective bargaining rights. [NOTE: Peru is one of several Latin American countries in which dockworkers are fighting abuse by global terminal operators and their own governments.

The ILWU Coast Longshore Division recently supported Callao dockworkers during their 3-week strike to regain their collective bargaining rights.] Peruvian […] Callao - Peru Callao - Peru Callao is the largest and most important port in Peru. The city is coterminous with the Constitutional Province of Callao, the only province of the Callao Region. Callao is located west of Lima , the country's capital, and is part of the Lima Metropolitan Area, a large metropolis that concentrates almost one-third of Peru's population. Callao borders Lima Province on the north, east and south, and the Pacific Ocean on the west. Callao is built on and around a peninsula, the district of La Punta, once a wealthy residential neighborhood. An historical fortress, the Castillo de Real Felipe (site of "Rodil's Last Stand"), stands on the promontory overlooking the harbor. There is also a large naval base in Callao, in which the leader of the Shining Path rebel movement, Abimael Guzman, and Vladimiro Montesinos, the ex-director of internal security during the Fujimori regime are currently imprisoned. Lima's Jorge Chavez International Airport is located in Callao.

On a bluff overlooking the harbor sits Colegio Militar Leoncio Prado, the military high school Peruvian author Mario Vargas Llosa attended and made famous in his first novel, La Ciudad y los Perros (1962) (published in English as The Time of the Hero in 1963). The book was later filmed as The City and the Dogs and featured exterior shots of the school. The city also has a university, the National University of Callao. Callao also several islands, San Lorenzo (currently a military base), El Fronton (a former high security prison), the Cavinzas, and the Palominos , where a large number of sea lions and sea birds live in a virtually untouched ecosystem. There is currently proposed plans to build a huge naval, terrestrial, and air port on San Lorenzo Island. This project is called the San Lorenzo Megaport Project Residents of Callao are known as chalacos. we have the best promotional travel packages for you to enjoy an unforgettable holiday. Callao Pictures Lima Tours Lima, the main gateway to Per�, is a major city bustling with living history and movement. It is an ethnic melting pot, featuring pre-Hispanic, colonial and modern elements.

The metropolis is also surrounded by every aspect of Nature: the sea, islands, mountains, desert and plantlife. Its various quarters feature a city of more than 8 millions souls with an active nightlife and well-endowed cultural scene, as well as plentiful public transport and non-stop activities..... We offer a couple of tours in the Lima area, please make a choice Package Tours Callao Travel Guide and Tourist Information: Callao, Peru Callao Tourist Information and Tourism (Callao, Peru) Widely considered by most to be something of a coastal suburb of Lima , Callao is in fact very much a city in its own right, although cannot help but be overshadowed by its proximity to the capital of Peru . Nevertheless, the tourism infrastructure of Callao is well developed and the allure of the surrounding sandy beaches is self-evident. Callao is just a matter of minutes away from Lima and its endless tourist attractions, and many choose to base themselves here. The city is actually part of the Lima Metropolitan Area and lies next to the Pacific Ocean, which borders its westerly coast.

Tourist information is most easy to come by in nearby Lima, although Callao is certainly not difficult to find your way around, with its districts of Bellavista, Carmen de la Legua Reynoso, La Perla and Ventanilla all having much to offer visitors and holiday makers. Callao Tourist Information and Tourism: Top Sights The main tourist attractions of Callao tend to relate to its coastline and in particular, the beaches within the La Punta area of the city are always popular during the summer season, being highly suitable for sunbathing, swimming and even some water sports, such as water skiing. Visitors also enjoy hanging out around the city's port, the Puerto del Callao, which is always a hive of activity and home to a number of excellent seafood restaurants. Close to the port itself are a series of small islands, such as the Isla El Frontón, Cavinzas, Palomino and San Lorenzo, and scenic pleasure cruises are usually available to these islands most days. More information about Callao Tourist Attractions . Although its strong relationship with the neighbouring city of Lima is undeniable, Callao boasts a number of important historical sites and an individual character all of its own.

The Castillo de Real Felipe fortress (Fortaleza del Real Felipe) is one of the most eye-catching and dates back more than 250 years, being used to guard the city against possible attacking pirates. Other imposing sites include monuments to both Miguel Grau and Simon Bolivar, as well as the National University of Callao, which has served the city well since the mid-sixties. More information about Callao Landmarks and Monuments . Tourists wishing to learn a little more about the history of Callao and Lima will find that the city's two museums contain all kinds of information relating to the region's past. The Military Museum (Museo del Ejército) on the Plaza de la Independencia is packed with weaponry exhibits and important military memorabilia. Near to the coast and the Marina Yacht Club, the Navy Museum (Museo Naval) stands on the Avenida Jorge Chávez and celebrates the naval forces of Peru. More information about Callao Museums . Apart from the Peruvian capital of Lima, Callao is also relatively close to a number of further Peruvian towns and cities, with day trips always being popular for those with the time.

Many tourists choose to stop off in Callao en route to Ica, Pisco and the mysterious Nazca lines. To the south-east, the small city of Huancavelica suits a brief excursion and is home to the acclaimed San Cristobal Mineral Springs, while both Huancayo and Ayacucho are also within reach, although really just a little too far away to make a day trip worthwhile. More information about Callao Attractions Nearby .

More Callao Information / Fast Facts and Orientation Country: Peru Location: Region of Callao / Constitutional Province of Callao / Lima Metropolitan Area Status: port city Area: approximately 56 square miles / 145 square kilometres Population: approximately 815,000 Currency: Peruvian Nuevo Sol (PEN) Time zone: UTC - 5 Average daily Callao January temperature: 26°C / 79°F Average daily Callao July temperature: 19°C / 66°F President Humala declares state of emergency in Peru’s port of Callao - World Socialist Web Site World Socialist Web Site Published by the International Committee of the Fourth International (ICFI) President Humala declares state of emergency in Peru’s port of Callao By Cesar Uco and Armando Cruz 31 December 2015 Peruvian President Ollanta Humala on December 5 declared a 45-day state of emergency in the region of Callao in response to warnings of an all-out war between rival gangs dedicated to drug trafficking and extortion operations centered around the country’s main seaport.

An investigation by La Republica found that “criminal groups are able to smuggle drugs through the port of Callao by bribing workers and officials. One source quoted in the report, a former drug trafficker, said the port’s security chief charges around $20,000 for entry to the port, and longshoremen are paid at least $10 per kilo of cocaine. Peru21 reported that police arrested more than 560 people in the first 10 days of the state of emergency. The national police confiscated 74 guns and disbanded 51 gangs. In addition, the Interior Minister added that they had seized 13 grenades, 301 kilos of drugs and 15,821 packages of marijuana. While drug-related gang criminality and killings have affected the lives of thousands of Peruvians for many years, there are important and highly visible assets in the Province of Callao that may have played a larger role in Humala’s decision to impose the state of emergency. As Peru’s main seaport, Callao handles 90 percent of the country’s import/export cargo. Also, Lima’s international airport is located on its territory.

It is expected that travel volume will increase from 7 million individuals in 2009 to 21 million by 2020. _ Global investment dominates the province’s airport and port industry. Lima’s Jorge Chavez Airport is operated by Lima Airport Partners S.R.L., which is 70.01-percent owned by Fraport AG of Germany. According to airport-technology.com, the airport handled 8.7 million passengers and 232,374 metric tons of cargo in 2009. The operator of Callao’s North Dock is APM TERMINALS, which belongs to the Danish conglomerate A.P. Moller Maersk. The South Dock is run by DP World Callao, a subsidiary of the UAE’s Dubai World. It was ranked as the top container terminal facility in South America. The company has operations on four continents and a heavy presence in several Australian seaports. The week prior to the declaration of the state of emergency in Callao, the Executives Annual Conference took place. This is an annual summit of the major employers and investors, where most of the presidential candidates for next year’s general elections gave speeches before the country’s business elite.

Significantly, President Humala took the opportunity in closing the event to announce for the first time the imposition of the state of emergency. This makes clear that the emergency is intended as a demonstration for domestic and foreign business elites that the government can—and will—suspend democratic rights as it sees fit. Callao’s government is controlled by a thoroughly corrupt clique that has itself been accused of links with drug traffickers. The leaders of the ruling party in the region, Chim Pum Callao--in power since 1996--has being under investigation for a wide array of crimes, including embezzlement, wiretapping and corruption. The immediate trigger for the state of emergency was the murder on November 28 of whistleblower Wilbur Castillo, who in 2012 denounced a network of illegal wiretapping set up by Chim Pum Callao. Explaining the state of emergency to Peru21, Minister of the Interior José Luis Pérez said “the measure allows police to restrict citizens’ freedom of movement and freedom to assemble, as well as enforce curfews.

Also the decree suspends the public’s protection from illegal search and seizure.” Perez added, “police will be empowered to enter homes without court authorization to search for weapons caches and drugs, Peru’s military will not be involved in the crackdown.” However, the state of emergency allows the army to be deployed if needed. Reactions to President Humala’s action vary, reflecting disagreements within a government in disarray and confronting one political scandal after another. While the political establishment and corrupt Callao politicians support him, some have voiced opposition, saying Humala acted prematurely and that there are no legal grounds to take such a drastic measure. President of the Superior Court of Callao César Hinostroza declared: “Under the Constitution, this can be done when the lives, physical integrity and public or private ownership of the vast majority of people in a given area are threatened. In Callao they are being eliminated among people who already had criminal proceedings, it is not for all citizens,” said the magistrate. Even members of the national police expressed reservations. Crime in Callao is not out of control, according to the chief of police in Callao region, General Julio Cesar Otoya.

For years, the Peruvian media has been focusing on crime and the activity of hitmen (“sicariato”), portraying them as the most important problems in Peruvian society. The result has been the promotion of repressive law and order measures which have culminated in this state of emergency. For Peru’s ruling class, the media’s unrelenting portrayal of Peruvian society as gripped by a violent crime wave also serves to exclude from the political debate the more real issues of poverty and economic inequality. For example, recent polls have “established” that crime has surpassed poverty as the most “worrying” issue for Peruvians. Presidential candidates have dedicated significant time in their public appearances to making demagogic promises to end crime or even reimpose the death penalty. The extreme right wing candidate for next year’s presidential elections, former Wall Street banker and IMF-World Bank official Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (PPK), was one of the first to embrace the declaration of emergency.

WPS - Port of Callao port commerce Port of Callao Port Commerce Until 2003, Peru's Ministry of Transport and Communications (Spanish) set port infrastructure policy, and the Empresa Nacional de Puertos SA (Spanish) (ENAPU) was responsible for port operations, including the Port of Callao. In 2003, the New National Port System Law provided the institutional framework for private sector investments in the country's ports. The law created the National Port Authority to plan port development and public-private investments. ENAPU was created in 1970 to manage, operate, and maintain docks and terminals in Peru's ports. The 2003 National Port System Law intended to promote port development and competitiveness, facilitate multi-modal transportation, modernize ports, and develop supply chains. ENAPU is a public agency under the Ministry of Transport and Communications. The 2003 legislation made ENAPU the administrator for publicly-owned ports, focusing on three business lines. The Maritime Business line includes docking / undocking ships, towing ships, and boat rentals. The Port Business line encompasses services involving the use of docks and berths.

The Storage line includes cargo-handling services, consolidation and deconsolidation, transfer, and storage as well as the use of alternative areas and rental of equipment. Today, ENAPU encourages private investment in the Port of Callao and other ports and coordinates public and private interests involved in port-related activities and services. ENAPU seeks to strengthen the Port of Callao's competitive position as globalization progresses and to further develop the export sector. The Port of Callao is Peru's biggest and most important port. As part of the Lima metropolitan area, the Port of Callao is a key part of the country's commercial network and a major distribution center for imports and exports. The Port of Callao handles about 20% of all ocean-borne cargo in Peru. In 2007, the Port of Callao handled 16.4 million metric tons of cargo, including 9.6 million tons of imports, 5.4 million tons of exports, 920.8 thousand tons of transshipments, and 440.7 tons of cabotage. This included one million TUEs of containerized cargo moving through the Port of Callao.

The entry channel to the Port of Callao is 180 meters (590 feet) wide and can accommodate ships with draft of from 9.1 meters (30 feet) to 10.4 meters (34 feet) at high tide. Mooring depths in the Port of Callao range from 8.2 meters (27 feet) to 11.3 meters (37 feet). The Port of Callao covers a land area of 47.3 hectares, and it contains eight docks and 18 docking facilities that serve container ships, bulk carriers, roll-on/roll-off vessels, oil tankers, general cargo ships, and passenger ships. The Port of Callao contains 3.6 kilometers (2.3 miles) of moorings with depths of up to 11 meters (36 feet). The Port of Callao devotes an area of 26.4 hectares, including 2.1 hectares of covered facilities, for cargo storage. The Port of Callao has 24.3 hectares for storage of containers. The Port of Callao has three silos with capacity for almost 25.8 metric tons of grains.

Loading services in the Port of Callao are provided by ENAPU and private companies. Together, they provide container-handling equipment that includes 14 reach stackers, 26 terminal trucks, and six mobilizers in the Port of Callao. They also provide 28 tractors and elevators and three cranes. Jetty No. 1 in the Port of Callao is 182.8 meters (600 feet) long and 30.5 meters (100 feet) wide. The jetty contains two moorings, each with berthing distance of 182.8 meters (600 feet) and alongside depth of 9.8 meters (32 feet). Jetty No. 2 is 182.8 meters long and 86 meters (282 feet) wide. The Port of Callao's Jetty No. 2 has two moorings, each with berthing distance of 182.8 meters and alongside depth of 10.1 meters (33 feet). The Port of Callao's Jetty No. 3 is 182.8 meters long and 86 meters wide.

It has two moorings, each with berthing distance of 182.8 meters and alongside depth of 10.1 meters. Jetty No. 4 in the Port of Callao is 182.8 meters long and 30.5 meters wide. It has two moorings, each with berthing distance of 182.8 meters and alongside depth of 10.1 meters. The North Jetty in the Port of Callao is 390 meters (1280 feet) long and 182.8 meters (599.7 feet) wide. It contains five mooring stations. Moorings A and B have alongside depth of 10.7 meters (35 feet). Mooring A has berthing distance of 178 meters (584.0 feet), and Mooring B has berthing distance of 212 meters (695.5 feet). Moorings C and D at the Port of Callao's North Jetty have alongside depth of 11 meters (36 feet).

Mooring C has berthing distance of 182.8 meters, and Mooring D has berthing distance of 209 meters (685.7 feet). Mooring E has berthing distance of 181.0 meters (593.8 feet) with alongside depth of 10.4 meters (34 feet). The Port of Callao has 5.2 acres of covered warehouse space. This includes the Port of Callao's Warehouse No. 6 (2420 square meters or 26.0 thousand square feet) for logistics. Warehouse No. 7 (3721 square meters or 40.1 thousand square feet) is dedicated to imports, and Warehouse No. 8 (3716 square meters or 40.0 thousand square feet). Warehouses 9 and 10 in the Port of Callao are dedicated to general cargo and cover a combined area of 7238 square meters (77.9 thousand square feet). Warehouse No. 11 is used for Port of Callao customs activities. It covers 4080 square meters (43.9 thousand square feet).

The Port of Callao contains four open areas totaling 11 hectares for storing containers. These include Area No. 1 (1.8 hectares), Area No. 2 (4.9 hectares), Area No. 4 (3.2 hectares), and Area No. 6 (1.1 hectares). There are three annexes in the Port of Callao with a combined area of 6.4 acres. Annex No. 8 is used for containers, and it covers 1.7 acres. Annex No. 9 is used for vehicles and equipment, and it covers 3.0 acres. Annex No. 10 is used to consolidate cargoes, and it covers 1.8 acres. The Port of Callao also has a closed warehouse with capacity for 25.8 thousand tons of grains. The Port of Callao can discharge 1100 tons of grain per hour. The Port of Callao also contains four courtyards for containers that cover a total area of 20.9 acres. Courtyard No. 1 covers 9.6 acres. Courtyard No. 2 is located at Jetty No. 2 and covers 2.3 acres. Courtyard No.

3 is located at Jetty No. 3 and covers 2.3 acres. Located at Jetty No. 5, Courtyard No. 5 covers 6.8 acres. The Port of Callao is well-equipped to handle the full range of cargoes. It operates eight tugboats with from 170 to 1600 horsepower. The Port of Callao has 12 30-ton tractors, 19 elevators with capacity for from 0.7 to 3.5 tons, two bobcats, and nine cranes with capacity for from 16 to 50 tons. Container-handling equipment in the Port of Callao includes ten handlers for full containers with capacity for from 32 to 45 tons and three empty handlers with capacities from 3 to 12 tons. The Port of Callao has a 210-ton locomotive and 42 line cars with capacity for from 10 to 50 tons. Furthermore, the Port of Callao has 77 trucks with capacities of 15 and 28 tons.

The Port of Callao has 3500 meters (11.8 thousand feet) in five pipelines at Jetty No. 7 dedicated to the shipment and discharge of fuels. Separate pipelines are dedicated to "white products" like gasoline, kerosene, solvents, and turbo. A separate pipeline is dedicated to diesel kerosene and solvents. One pipeline is dedicated for liquefied petroleum gas, propane, and butane. Another pipeline is used for chemical products, acrylonitrile, dometil normide, methane, and methanol. The final pipeline is dedicated for "black products" like petroleum and asphalt. Container terminals In early 2011, APM Terminals won the concession to operate the North Pier Terminal in the Port of Callao. APM is the majority shareholder of the terminal, and its partners are Callao Port Holdings BV and Peru's Central Portuaria. The North Pier Terminal is a multi-purpose terminal that handles both containers and general cargoes like metals, fertilizers, grains, chemicals, coal, machinery, and vegetable and fish oils.

APM also operates inland cargo services through its Callao and Paita Almacenes de Contenedores Sudamerica ( ALCONSA ) in Peru. ALCONSA is a joint venture between APM, Callao Port Holdings, and Central Portuaria. APM Terminals Callao plans to modernize and expand the terminal so that it becomes a model for other port operations in South America. In early 2013, APM Terminal Callao announced started work on the first phase of its North Pier Terminal expansion. In 2013, the North Pier Terminal had capacity for 900 thousand TEUs and eight million tons of non-containerized cargo. When the first expansion phase is completed, this Port of Callao terminal will have capacity for 1.5 million TEUs of containerized cargo. In 2022, the terminal will have capacity for 2.9 million TEUs and 9.9 million tons of non-containerized cargo. The terminal had a depth of 11 meters (36.1 feet) in 2011, but it will have 16 meter (52.5 foot) draft by 2022.

In addition, APM plans to expand the existing grain silo with a 285-meter (935-foot) berth for bulk cargo and add a second silo and grain conveyor belt in 2022. Today, the North Pier Terminal has two Panamax cranes today. By 2022, this Port of Callao terminal will be equipped with 12 post-Panamax, three Panamax, and four mobile cranes. APM will also increase the number of rubber tyred gantry cranes from two in 2011 to 38 in 2022. DP World Callao (Spanish) operates the Muelle Sur (South Pier) Terminal in the Port of Callao to handle containers. The private terminal began operating in 2010 with state-of-the-art technology and advanced security systems. The Port of Callao's South Pier serves local customers in the import and export of products as well as transfer operations for the world's leading cruise lines. The South Pier in the Port of Callao has berthing distance of 650 meters (2132 feet) with alongside depth of 16 meters (52.5 feet).

The terminal includes a 5.2-acre container yard with capacity for 850 thousand TEUs per year and 240 mobile plugs for storing refrigerated containers. The Port of Callao's South Pier container yard is equipped with six post-Panamax gantry cranes, 18 rubber tyred gantry cranes, 30 chassis and trailers, two reach stackers, and two empty container handlers. The terminal gate has six incoming lanes and four outgoing lanes for containers. DP World Callao is planning to expand the South Pier in the Port of Callao. It will add 310 meters (1017 feet) of berth, three post-Panamax cranes, and yard cranes. Bulk and breakbulk terminals In mid-2012, the Port of Callao announced the National Ports Authority's approval for the construction of a terminal for mineral concentrates to be completed by late 2013. The terminal will have capacity to handle the current three million tons of minerals per year. It will also handle the additional 800 thousand tons per year that will be generated by the Toromocho de Chinalco mine after it begins production.

With these improvements, the Port of Callao expects to handle an increase of 30% in the volume of minerals. Cruise terminals Located just 14 kilometers (8.7 miles) west of the City of Lima, the Port of Callao is home to Cruise Portao, Lima's main cruise terminal. The Port of Callao's modern cruise terminal is located at the North Pier Terminal. In addition to hosting major cruise lines like Royal Caribbean and Princes Cruises, the Port of Callao cruise terminal serves many local cruise ships that offer a variety of packages to visitors. Rail and intermodal connections The Port of Callao is located beside Peru's Central Highway, which connects it with the country's interior regions. It also has immediate access to the Panamericana Highway that links Peru's north and south regions. The Central Railroad of Peru serves the Port of Callao and connects with Lima and interior areas, crossing the Andes Mountains. The Jorge Chavez International Airport is less than five kilometers (three miles) from the Port of Callao and provides shippers an immediate link with international shipping alternatives.

Callao | Peru | Britannica.com Callao Huaraz Callao, city and principal commercial seaport of Peru , located within the 57-square-mile (147-square-kilometre) Callao constitutional provincia (province), directly west of Lima . The mostly urbanized area of the constitutional province is part of the Lima-Callao metropolitan area. Callao’s port has one of the few good natural harbours along the Pacific coast of South America . Located south of the Rímac River, the port’s anchorage is protected by the large offshore island of San Lorenzo (a submarine base and naval station) and by a long promontory. The harbour has been given further protection by breakwaters. A modern maritime terminal was opened in 1935; a dry dock, 570 feet (175 m) in length, was constructed in 1938; a major ore and cargo pier and a petroleum jetty were in use by 1969; and further modernization was undertaken in the late 20th century. The port of Callao, Peru. James J. O’Hagan Callao was founded in 1537 by Francisco Pizarro .

As the leading shipping point for the gold and silver taken by the Spanish conquerors from the Inca Empire, the port was frequently assaulted by pirates and European rivals of Spain. It was pillaged by Sir Francis Drake in 1578. A tidal wave following an earthquake demolished the city in 1746, but it was rebuilt about three-quarters of a mile from the original site. Shortly thereafter, an extensive fortification, the Real Felipe fortress, was constructed; it withstood a number of sieges by Spanish forces during the wars of independence. Simón Bolívar landed there in 1823, and three years later it was the scene of the final surrender of Spain. The first railroad in South America was opened between Callao and Lima in 1851. The city was bombarded by a Spanish fleet in 1866; and in 1881, during the War of the Pacific , it was occupied by Chilean forces, who restored it to Peru in 1883 under the Treaty of Ancón. Rebuilding of the city and port was necessary after a severe earthquake in 1940.

Leading exports from Callao include minerals, refined metals, fish meal, and fish oil; chief imports include wheat, machinery, and lumber. Notable among the city’s many and varied industries are breweries, shipbuilding yards, and fish-meal factories. The constitutional province has few cultural or architectural attractions. It is the site of the Jorge Chávez International Airport and of the national military and naval schools and a technical university. Pop. (2005) 389,579. Learn More in these related articles: Callao, Iquitos, Lima Peru. South America Maritime History and World Seaports during the 1800s. The Maritime Heritage Project. Sea Captains, Ships, Merchants, Merchandise, Immigration and Passengers. ° Callao ° Iquitos ° Lima Peru After years of preliminary exploration and military skirmishes, 168 Spanish soldiers under Francisco Pizarro and their native allies captured the Sapa Inca Atahualpa in the 1532 Battle of Cajamarca. Once Atahualpa was captured, the Spanish forced him to pay a ransom of tons of gold and silver. Although Atahualpa produced the ransom, the Spanish executed him anyway.

Francisco Pizarro was a seasoned soldier and conquistador who had played a large role in the conquest and exploration of Panama. Pizarro was already a wealthy man in the New World, but he believed that there was a rich native kingdom somewhere in South America just waiting to be plundered. He organized three expeditions along the Pacific coast of South America between 1525 and 1530. On his second expedition he met with representatives of the Inca Empire. On the third journey, he followed tales of great wealth inland, eventually making his way to the town of Cajamarca in November of 1532. Pizarro Seizing the Inca of Peru. The Inca soldiers and noblemen were taken completely by surprise. The Spanish had several military advantages which were unknown in the Andes. The natives had never seen horses before and were unprepared to resist mounted foes. Spanish armor made them nearly invulnerable to native weapons; their steel swords hacked easily through native armor. Cannon and muskets, fired from the rooftops, rained thunder and death down into the square. The Spanish fought for two hours, massacring thousands of natives, including many important members of the Inca nobility.

Horsemen rode down fleeing natives in the fields around Cajamarca. No Spaniard was killed in the attack and Emperor Atahulpa was captured. It was the first step in a long campaign that took decades of fighting but ended in Spanish rule in 1572 with colonization of the region as a Viceroyalty of Peru. Spanish conquistadors failed to appreciate the value of Alpaca fibre preferring the wool of the merino sheep from their native Spain, thus Alpaca fibre was a well kept secret for a time. However, beginning in the mid 1800's, Alpaca was rediscovered by Sir Sirus Salt of Bradford, England. The newly industrialized English textile industry was at its zenith when Sir Titus Salt began studying the unique properties of Alpaca fleece. He discovered that alpaca fibre was stronger than sheep wool and that its strength did not diminish with fineness of staple. The Alpaca textiles he fashioned from the raw fleece were soft and lustrous and quickly made their mark across Europe. Compared to the numbers in their native South America, the number of Alpaca in other countries are somewhat nominal.

Some references indicate over 80 percent of the global population is found in Peru. Other smaller groups are on Bolivia and Chile. Very small groups (5% of the total) are found on North America, Australia, Europe, New Zealand, Japan and China. Inca Indigenous People December 4, 1890, Logansport Journal, Logansport, Indiana Found in the Ances. Three Animals of Great Value to the Peruvians. Llama, the Alpaca and the Vicuna Serving as Beasts of Burden Articles of Clothing Made from Their Coats. In the high, cold table-lands of South America, where nature has taken grand shapes, on the bare, bleak Punas, almost as desolate as Sahara or the lofty plains of Tartary, there are, says the St. Louis Globe-Democrat, animals the congener of those peculiar to the last named regions. Instead of the camel in his numerous varieties, there are the llama and his affiliations, similar but distinct, and fulfilling corresponding functions.

Among the lofty Andes, too, there is, on a scale of size relative to that which exists between the Andes and the Alps, the great bird, the condor, the Amerindian counterpart of the Swiss lammergeyer . . . Guanaco, or Wild Llama The alpaca is a source of real wealth to Peru, and its export has been forbidden, notwithstanding that all attempts to acclimatize it in other countries and climes have proved signal failures . . . The legs of the alpaca are covered down, or nearly down, to its feet by wool, or fleece, while the legs of all its relations, like those of the deer, are clean, covered with short hair, giving them a lighter and fleeter appearance . . . The vicuna may be tamed, but has never been domesticated--a result often sought as his fleece is remarkably fine and silky, in these respects surpassing that of the alpaca. Many of the vicunas are killed annually for their fleece, of which hats and ponchos of great softness and beauty are manufactured and sold at high prices to the traveler and haciendero.

The royal robes of the Inca were made of the fleece of the vicuna, but the ancients were wiser than their successors. They instituted grand hunts of the vicuna, caught and sheared them, and let them go to reproduce their precious coat. Callao Francisco Pizarro founded the Port of Callao in 1537, and it was soon Spain's main Pacific port in the New World. At the peak of Spain's power in Peru, the Port of Callao was the shipment point for goods from Peru, Bolivia, and Argentina to go to Panama and then to Spain through Cuba. Much of the cargo transported out of the Port of Callao was gold and silver that the Spanish conquistadores took from the Inca Empire. The Port of Callao was attacked often by pirates and Spain's European rivals. Sir Francis Drake pillaged the city in 1578. In 1746, a tidal wave destroyed the Port of Callao after a serious earthquake. Rebuilt about a kilometer from the original site, the new Port of Callao was fortified by the Real Felipe fortress that ended up defending the Peruvians from Spain during the wars of independence.

In 1823, Simon Bolivar arrived at the Port of Callao. Three years later, Spain surrendered at the Real Felipe fortress in the Port of Callao. During the period of the Peru-Bolivian Confederacy, the Callao Province was created with relative political autonomy. On June 4, 1833, the clipper ship Ann McKim was launched. She was built in Baltimore by Kennard & Williamson of Fell's Point for the wealthy sea-dog and merchant, the Honorable Isaac McKim. With a measurement of 143 feet in length, she was easily the largest merchantman of her day, and, with a complete disregard for the expense of her building, she was by far the handsomest. Her beam was 31 feet, her mean depth 14 feet, and her registered tonnage 493. She mounted twelve brass guns, guns being a feature of all merchant vessels in those days for protection against pirates and marauders in foreign waters.

With her lower masts fitted into place, the standing rigging attached, and topgallant masts raised at the top and flag-bedecked, she was launched at 4:30 o'clock on the afternoon of June 4, 1833, and named in honor of the owner's wife. During the ensuing months the Ann McKim busied herself taking in a cargo of that particular brand of southern flour which does not sour on a trip across the Equator, and, having everything in readiness by the 30th of August made sail and set out, under the command of Captain Walker, for the first lap in the long voyage around the Horn to Peru. Since the earthquake that Peru suffered in 1678 had made a huge portion of her soil incapable of producing wheat rusting the grain as soon as the head began to form and since Chile, the chief source of Peru's agricultural products, suffered from frequent droughts (the land around Coquimbo, for instance, was barren from 1830 to 1833, the McKim was certain of a ready market for her cargo.

She arrived at Callao welcomed by clouds of gulls and pelicans, in a harbor which affords one of the safest anchorages in the world on December 3, after a passage of 95 days, and soon was disposing of part of her 3,500 barrels of flour. The history of Callao has not been a happy one, nor was her appearance, at that time, as seen from the harbor, other than chill and desolating. Standing on deck of the Ann McKim on any of those clear, dry December days, one would have seen only a weary stretch of sandy plain, dotted by a few low dwellings that served to mark the attempts of the inhabitants to rebuild the city upon a ruin. Between October 28, 1746, and February 16, 1747, Callao was thrown into a mad and reeling state of terror, the city being ripped from end to end during that period by no fewer than four hundred and thirty earthquake shocks, followed by mountain-high inundations from the sea crushing in like solid, rolling walls.

Of 4,800 inhabitants, 4,600 were either swallowed by the earth or thrown back by the sea in tangled heaps of dead; the buildings disappeared as if a giant hand had tucked them into a large brown envelope; and practically all shipping in the harbor was destroyed, as vessels rode the water high over the city and were tossed in splintered bundles on the road to Lima. Callao was again in ruins after the more recent revolution, from which Peru emerged independent of the restrictions and extortions of the civil and ecclesiastical rule of Spain. In 1833, when the steamship Ann McKim lay in the harbor, the nearby protecting presence of the U. S. schooner Dolphin, Lieutenant-Commander Vorheese, was a gentle reminder of Callao's still unsettled state. Prospects for legitimate trade were, however, far brighter than they had been in the days when American vessels were forced to steal into all Peruvian and Chilean ports, carry on their profitable but surreptitious trade with the inhabitants, and trust to their ships' agility to reach the high seas without encountering red death from the sides of a lurking Spanish man-of-war.

The McKim remained on the South American coast for many months, and it was not until the following April that she tripped her anchors and stood out to sea from the roadstead of Huascho. She winged her way, in a 72-day passage to Cape Henry, where she took her pilot on board and entered Chesapeake Bay. Callao after the fire of August 15, 1868. In 1857, the Port of Callao was entitled a "Constitutional Province." The name had no real value, except it was the only province in Peru to be given that status under constitutional mandate. The Port of Callao was bombed by the Spanish fleet in the 1866 Battle of Callao when the Spanish attempted to re-conquer Peru. In 1881, Chilean forces occupied the Port of Callao during the War of the Pacific. It was returned to Peru under the terms of the 1883 Treaty of Ancon. Iquitos Iquitos is the largest city in the world not connected to the outside world by roads.

The Belen district of Iquitos is called "The Floating City." During the rainy season, its streets are flooded and it becomes the "Venice of South America," when people travel by boat. Iquitos, located on the Amazon River in northeastern Peru, was originally one of the numerous Indian settlements organized by the Jesuit missionaries in the 16th century, and was known as San Pablo de Napeanos. Its population dispersed, but a community was re-established around 1760. Since the majority of the population were Iquitos Indians it became known as the village of Iquitos. In 1864, three years after President Ram n Castilla had established the Departamento de Loreto (State of Loreto) port facilities were built and this is generally considered as the founding date of Iquitos. Iquitos is the furthest inland deep-water port in the world and receives ships coming up 2300 miles from the mouth of the Amazon on the Atlantic Ocean. At the end of the nineteenth century Iquitos, along with Manaus, Brazil, prospered greatly from the exportation of rubber.

Lima was already a sophisticated and developed city when Pizarro founded it in 1535. Lima Main Square. Johann Moritz Rugendas. It achieved its prime during the colonial period of the 17th century. During that time, the city was the richest of Spain’s colonies in the Americas. Mansions and palaces are found that can be created for their luxury and to show the social rank of their owners. The cathedral and cloisters were built on the same day of the city’s founding, reflecting the importance of the Catholic Church in Spain and Lima. It is nestled on the banks of the Rimac River and on the shore the Pacific Ocean. Francisco Pizarro named Lima the City of the Kings. Several native kingdoms ruled by the Incan Empire existed before the arrival of the Spaniards. The most important archaeological remnant corresponds to one of the major shrines and oracles of the Incans’ Empire. When the city was founded, Lima was appointed the capital of the Spanish colonies. Thus, it became the residence of many wealthy families during the colonial period.

July 7, 1894, Centralia Enterprise and Tribune, Centralia, Wisconsin WILL ARREST ALL REBELS The Peruvian Government Adopts Strict Measures With Insurgents Buenos Ayres, June 28,--A dispatch from Lima, Peru, says that the Peruvian government has ordered a general arrest of the supporters of the revolution. It is added that Great Britain has officially recognized President (Justiniano) Borgono's government. Capture of a Spanish Treasure Galleon by three English vessels off the coast of Peru. Vicuna (Peru) Peru selected a relative of the llama, the vicuña (Vicugna vicugna), as its national animal, which appears on the country’s coat of arms. VICUNA SKINS WORTH $80,000 FOR THE POPE January 8, 1914, Los Angeles Herald, Los Angeles, California: Mgr. Adolfo Vattuone, who has been traveling In Peru and Ecuador with Giovanni Patrick who belongs to a wealthy Roman family, sailed for Italy on the liner America with about 200 vicuna skins that will be presented to the pope and sold for charity. Mgr.

Vattuone says the skins are worth $80.000. The vicuña lives in alpine heights of the Andes, and, sadly, its luxuriously soft wool has been prized by Inca royalty, Spanish kings and other "royalty," and Hollywood elite. The Miraculous Lie, Lope De Aguirre and the Search for El Dorado in the Latin American Historical Novel Bart L. Lewis A critical study of five twentieth century Latin American historical novels, published between 1947 and 1986, whose theme is the most infamous of all searches for the fabled and elusive kingdom of El Dorado. This doomed expedition was undertaken by Pedro Ursua for Philip II in 1559, and featured as chief protagonist the charismatic "caudillo" and the first colonial rebel against the Spanish crown, Lope de Aguirre. The Project Maritime Nations, Ships, Sea Captains, Merchants, Merchandise, Ship Passengers and VIPs sailing into San Francisco during the 1800s.

Question: Callao is the main port of which country?
Answer: PERU