Symptoms and causes - Dermatitis - Mayo Clinic Symptoms and causes Atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis Atopic dermatitis can cause small, red bumps, which can be very itchy. When scratched, the bumps may leak fluid and crust over. Atopic dermatitis most often occurs where your skin flexes — inside the elbows, behind the knees and the front of the neck. Contact dermatitis on the wrist Contact dermatitis on the wrist Contact dermatitis can appear as an itchy, red rash. In this photo, the irritation is likely due to a watchband or to soap residue trapped beneath the band. Seborrheic dermatitis on the face Seborrheic dermatitis on the face Seborrheic dermatitis causes a red rash with yellowish and somewhat "oily" scales. In addition to the scalp, seborrheic dermatitis can occur on the sides of the nose, in and between the eyebrows, and in other oil-rich areas. Each type of dermatitis may look a little different and tends to occur on different parts of your body. The most common types of dermatitis include: Atopic dermatitis (eczema).

Usually beginning in infancy, this red, itchy rash most commonly occurs where the skin flexes — inside the elbows, behind the knees and the front of the neck. When scratched, the rash can leak fluid and crust over. People with atopic dermatitis may experience improvement and then flare-ups. Contact dermatitis. This rash occurs on areas of the body that have come into contact with substances that either irritate the skin or cause an allergic reaction, such as poison ivy, soap and essential oils. The red rash may burn, sting or itch. Blisters may develop. Seborrheic dermatitis. This condition causes scaly patches, red skin and stubborn dandruff. It usually affects oily areas of the body, such as the face, upper chest and back. It can be a long-term condition with periods of remission and flare-ups. In infants, this disorder is known as cradle cap. When to see a doctor See your doctor if: You suspect your skin is infected You've tried self-care steps without success Causes A number of health conditions, allergies, genetic factors and irritants can cause different types of dermatitis: Atopic dermatitis (eczema).

This form of dermatitis is likely related to a mix of factors, including dry skin, a gene variation, an immune system dysfunction, bacteria on the skin and environmental conditions. Contact dermatitis. This condition results from direct contact with one of many irritants or allergens — such as poison ivy, jewelry containing nickel, cleaning products, perfumes, cosmetics, and even the preservatives in many creams and lotions. Seborrheic dermatitis. This condition may be caused by a yeast (fungus) that is in the oil secretion on the skin. People with seborrheic dermatitis may notice their condition tends to come and go depending on the season. Risk factors A number of factors can increase your risk of developing certain types of dermatitis. Examples include: Age. Dermatitis can occur at any age, but atopic dermatitis (eczema) usually begins in infancy. Allergies and asthma. People who have a personal or family history of eczema, allergies, hay fever or asthma are more likely to develop atopic dermatitis. Occupation. Jobs that put you in contact with certain metals, solvents or cleaning supplies increase your risk of contact dermatitis.

Being a health care worker is linked to hand eczema. Health conditions. You may be at increased risk of seborrheic dermatitis if you have one of a number of conditions, such as congestive heart failure, Parkinson's disease and HIV. Complications Scratching the itchy rash associated with dermatitis can cause open sores, which may become infected. These skin infections can spread and may very rarely become life-threatening. References Wolff K, et al. Eczema/dermatitis. In: Fitzpatrick's Color Atlas and Synopsis of Clinical Dermatology. 7th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2013. Accessed April 15, 2016. Goldsmith LA, et al., eds. Atopic dermatitis. In: Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 8th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. Accessed March 20, 2014. Eichenfield LF, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: Section 1. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology.

2014;70:338. Eichenfield LF, et al. Guidelines of care for the management of atopic dermatitis: Section 2. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2014;71:116. AskMayoExpert. Atopic dermatitis. Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2016. Pride HB, et al. What's new in pediatric dermatology? Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2013;68:899.e1. Martins C, et al. Topical tacrolimus for atopic dermatitis. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Accessed April 15, 2015. Rice bran. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database. Accessed April 15, 2016. Riggin EA. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Jan. 13, 2016. Atopic dermatitis. National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disorders. Accessed April 15, 2016.

Wong S, et al. Efficacy and safety of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) baths in patients with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in Malaysia. Journal of Dermatology. 2013;40:874. Ibler KS, et al. Hand eczema: Prevalence and risk factors of hand eczema in a population of 2,274 health care workers. Contact Dermatitis. 2012;67:200. Rakel D. Seborrheic dermatitis. In: Integrative Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2012. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Pizzorno JE, et al. Seborrheic dermatitis. In: Textbook of Natural Medicine. 4th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2013. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Diphenhydramine. MedlinePlus. Accessed April 15, 2016. Dermatologists' top tips for relieving dry skin.

American Academy of Dermatology. Accessed April 15, 2016. Gibson LE (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. April 26, 2016. De Groot AC, et al. Essential oils, part I: Introduction. Dermatitis. 2016;27:39. Related How does contact dermatitis affect the body? - Skin Disorders - Sharecare Skin Disorders How does contact dermatitis affect the body? A Honor Society of Nursing (STTI) answered Depending on its severity and frequency, contact dermatitis can have a minor to major affect on your body. If you are irritated by a substance you can usually stay away from, you may have minor rashes once in a while. But if you often encounter allergens, the resulting rashes could have a major impact on your life. Besides being itchy, allergic rashes might blister and cause swelling and pain. Scratching your rash too much could lead to infection. A Dr. Mehmet Oz, MD , Cardiology (Cardiovascular Disease), answered Contact dermatitis affects the body in several different ways. The most striking and hard-to-ignore symptom of contact dermatitis is itching.

People with contact dermatitis develop itchiness that ranges from mild to unbearable. Skin affected by contact dermatitis appears to have been burned, turning red, swollen, and warm. When contact dermatitis is severe, it can form sores that ooze fluid. The skin may turn scaly and form crusts. Talk to your doctor or dermatologist if you are concerned about how contact dermatitis is affecting your body. Seborrheic Dermatitis - familydoctor.org Seborrheic Dermatitis Overview What is seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is a common condition that makes the skin look greasy, scaly and flaky. It usually affects the scalp. In adolescents and adults, seborrheic dermatitis is commonly called “dandruff.” In babies, it is known as “cradle cap.” Seborrheic dermatitis can also affect the skin on other parts of the body, such as the face and chest, and the creases of the arms, legs and groin. How common is seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is common in babies younger than 3 months of age and in adolescents and adults.

In adults, it’s more likely to affect men than women. Causes What causes seborrheic dermatitis? Doctors don’t know the exact cause of seborrheic dermatitis. The cause may be different in infants and adults. Seborrheic dermatitis may run in families. The condition seems to be related to hormones, because the disorder often appears in infancy and disappears before puberty. Or the cause might be a fungus, called malassezia. This organism is normally present on the skin in small numbers, but sometimes its numbers increase, resulting in skin problems. Seborrheic dermatitis has also been linked to neurologic disorders such as Parkinson’s disease and epilepsy. The reason for this relationship isn’t known. Treatment How is seborrheic dermatitis treated? The treatment of seborrheic dermatitis depends on its location on the body. Treatment also depends on your age. Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp (dandruff) in adults and adolescents.

Dandruff is usually treated with a shampoo that contains salicylic acid (some brand names: Scalpicin, X-Seb), selenium sulfide (brand names: Exsel, Selsun Blue) or zinc pyrithione (some brand names: DHS Zinc, Head & Shoulders). These shampoos can be used 2 times a week. Shampoos that contain coal tar (some brand names: DHS Tar, Neutrogena T/Gel, Polytar) may be used 3 times a week. If you have dandruff, you might start by using one of these shampoos daily until your dandruff is controlled, and then use it 2 or 3 times a week. When you use a dandruff shampoo, rub the shampoo into your hair thoroughly and let it stay on your hair and scalp for at least 5 minutes before rinsing. This will give it time to work. If the shampoo alone doesn’t help, your doctor might want you to use a prescription steroid lotion once or twice daily. Seborrheic dermatitis of the skin creases in adolescents and adults. Steroid lotions may be used in adolescents and adults.

Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp (cradle cap) in babies. Seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp in babies is treated with products that are not as strong as those used in adults. You might start with a mild, nonmedicated baby shampoo. Using mineral oil, olive oil or petrolatum jelly can help loosen the scales. Brushing your baby’s scalp with a soft brush, like a toothbrush, can help loosen scales or flakes. But be gentle when massaging or brushing your baby’s scalp–a break in the skin makes it vulnerable to infection. If a nonmedicated shampoo doesn’t work, talk to your doctor about switching to a shampoo that contains tar. Or your doctor may recommend a prescription shampoo that contains 2% ketoconazole (brand name: Nizoral). This condition usually resolves in a few months. Seborrheic dermatitis of the skin creases in babies. Gentle steroid lotions or creams may be used to treat seborrheic dermatitis in the skin creases of babies. Be sure to talk to your family doctor about the correct strength of steroid to use.

Questions Contact : National Eczema Society National Eczema Society Home Home page About Eczema Types of Eczema Contact Contact eczema, or contact dermatitis as it is more commonly referred to, is the name given to those types of eczema that occur as a result of contact with irritants or allergens in the environment. Contact dermatitis affects 9% of the UK population and is the most common type of work related skin disease (also known as occupational skin disease). There are two types of contact dermatitis: Irritant Contact Dermatitis Irritant contact dermatitis is a reaction to frequent contact with everyday things which irritate the skin, such as soap, detergents, hair cosmetics, bleach, cold wind and raw food. Common sites for irritant contact dermatitis are the hands and face, but the condition can affect other parts of the body. A person who had atopic eczema as a child is at an increased risk of developing irritant contact dermatitis. Symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis may range from mild dryness and skin redness to the appearance of skin burns (see the right-hand image). It can be painful, red, fluid-filled and ulcerated.

Weak irritants, for example, diluted acids, diluted alkalis, solvents, soaps, detergents, metallic salts, cement, resins and cutting fluids are the commonest cause of irritant contact dermatitis. Occupations at greatest risk of developing irritant contact dermatitis include: chefs, hairdressers, metal workers, nurses, cleaners and construction workers. Irritant Hand Eczema (sometimes called hand dermatitis) There can be a variety of reasons why eczema occurs on the hands. Adults with a history of atopic eczema may find that in later life the condition reappears on their hands as a result of contact with irritants such as detergents, cleaning agents or white spirit. This type of reaction is known as irritant contact eczema and can occur in anyone who regularly uses substances of this kind in their everyday life, as well as those who have a history of atopic eczema. Allergic Contact Dermatitis Allergic contact dermatitis is much less common than irritant contact dermatitis. Minute quantities of apparently harmless substances may cause severe allergic contact dermatitis. Allergic dermatitis is caused by an individual developing a specific allergy to a chemical.

For allergy to develop, repeated exposure to the chemical is required over a period of time, usually months or years. Once this has happened, the body’s defence mechanisms learn to recognise the chemical and the individual develops a reaction when the chemical contacts the skin again. The allergy is ‘remembered’ by the body for many years. In medical terms the body has become ‘sensitised’ to a chemical. The reaction can be immediate or delayed depending on the type of allergen in question. Most frequently seen on the hands, allergic contact dermatitis can cause the skin to become dry, red, split, cracked, weeping, fluid filled and intensely itchy, sore, painful and stinging. The severity will depend upon the allergen and the length of time it is in contact with the skin. Allergic Hand Eczema (sometimes called Allergic Hand Dermatitis) Allergic hand dermatitis may occur either on its own or against a background of atopic eczema. The hands are often scaly, dry and itchy and can be accompanied by blistering, soreness or splits in the skin.

Common ‘sensitisers’ include: Nickel – found in many jewellery items, studs of jeans, zips and watch straps perfumes found in cosmetics and toiletries preservatives found in cosmetics, toiletries, topical medicines such as creams, steroids, eye and ear drops. Many industrial chemicals also need preservatives: phenylene diamine – found in hair dyes is a well known sensitiser plants such as primula obconica and chrysanthemums. If allergic hand eczema is thought to be a possibility then you are likely to be referred to a dermatologist for possible patch testing. Nickel allergy Nickel sensitivity is common in the UK, especially in women. Anyone can become allergic to nickel, but more cases begin during the teenage years when girls start to wear cheap metal jewellery. Ear piercing can often start up a nickel allergy. It is possible, but much less common, to become allergic to nickel later on in life. People who have been in contact with nickel for many years can suddenly become allergic to it for no reason. We don’t know why some people become allergic to nickel when others don’t.

But those with certain jobs are more likely to become sensitive to nickel: these include hairdressing, nursing, catering, cash handling and those handling metals. Many people notice a red itchy rash under a piece of jewellery, jeans stud or watch strap which can be due to irritation and sweat. The rash can start in one place or in a number of places on the body at the same time. If the condition carries on for a long time the skin will dry out and become red, scaly and cracked. Normally the rash will appear wherever the nickel is in close contact with the skin, but it is possible for the rash to spread so that later on even areas that haven’t come into contact with the metal become red and itchy. Once an allergic rash due to nickel has developed on a particular part of the body, it is possible for the rash to spring up again on that site whenever the body comes into contact with nickel, even at a different place on the body. What to do next? Find out about treatment You can find out about the range of treatments options for different types of eczema in our comprehensive Treatment area of the website.

Contact dermatitis affects 9% of the UK population and is the most common type of work related skin disease (also known as occupational skin disease). Seborrheic Dermatitis - National Library of Medicine - PubMed Health Antifungal treatments applied to the skin to treat seborrhoeic dermatitis Seborrhoeic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin condition found throughout the world, with rashes with varying degrees of redness, scaling and itching. It affects people of both sexes but is more common among men. The disease usually starts after puberty and can lead to personal discomfort and cosmetic concerns when rashes occur at prominent skin sites. Drugs that act against moulds, also called antifungal agents, have been commonly used on their own or in combination. Topical anti‐inflammatory agents for seborrhoeic dermatitis of the face or scalp Seborrhoeic dermatitis is an inflammation of the skin that most often affects areas of the body that have a lot of sebaceous glands. These include the skin of the scalp; face; chest; and flexure areas such as the armpits, groin, and abdominal folds.

The most typical symptoms of seborrhoeic dermatitis are scaling of the skin and reddish patches. Seborrhoeic dermatitis is fairly common: one to three in 100 people have seborrhoeic dermatitis. The disease is more common in men than in women. Anti‐inflammatory, antifungal, and antikeratolytic treatments can be used to treat seborrhoeic dermatitis. The treatment does not cure the disease but relieves the symptoms. Pimecrolimus 1% cream for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, chronic, relapsing inflammatory skin disorder that manifests as erythema, scaling and pruritus in sebum gland-rich areas of the skin. The objective of this article is to evaluate the clinical efficacy of pimecrolimus 1% cream in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis compared with corticosteroids, antimycotics, placebo or no intervention. Pimecrolimus 1% cream appears to be a well-tolerated and effective treatment for seborrheic dermatitis.

It has comparable efficacy, in terms of decreasing severity of erythema, scaling and pruritus, to the standard treatments: topical corticosteroids and antimycotics. However, future studies with more standardized measures of treatment outcome are recommended. More studies may also be conducted to further evaluate pimecrolimus 1% cream as a long-term maintenance therapy for seborrheic dermatitis. Dermatitis | definition of dermatitis by Medical dictionary Dermatitis | definition of dermatitis by Medical dictionary Dermatitis is a general term used to describe inflammation of the skin. Description Most types of dermatitis are characterized by an itchy pink or red rash. Contact dermatitis is an allergic reaction to something that irritates the skin and is manifested by one or more lines of red, swollen, blistered skin that may itch or seep. It usually appears within 48 hours after touching or brushing against a substance to which the skin is sensitive. The condition is more common in adults than in children. Contact dermatitis can occur on any part of the body, but it usually affects the hands, feet, and groin.

Contact dermatitis usually does not spread from one person to another, nor does it spread beyond the area exposed to the irritant unless affected skin comes into contact with another part of the body. However, in the case of some irritants, such as poison ivy, contact dermatitis can be passed to another person or to another part of the body. Stasis dermatitis is characterized by scaly, greasy looking skin on the lower legs and around the ankles. Stasis dermatitis is most apt to affect the inner side of the calf. Nummular dermatitis, which is also called nummular eczematous dermatitis or nummular eczema, generally affects the hands, arms, legs, and buttocks of men and women older than 55 years of age. This stubborn inflamed rash forms circular, sometimes itchy, patches and is characterized by flares and periods of inactivity. Atopic dermatitis is characterized by itching , scaling, swelling, and sometimes blistering. In early childhood it is called infantile eczema and is characterized by redness, oozing, and crusting. It is usually found on the face, inside the elbows, and behind the knees.

Seborrheic dermatitis may be dry or moist and is characterized by greasy scales and yellowish crusts on the scalp, eyelids, face, external surfaces of the ears, underarms, breasts, and groin. In infants it is called "cradle cap." Causes and symptoms Allergic reactions are genetically determined, and different substances cause contact dermatitis to develop in different people. A reaction to resin produced by poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac is the most common source of symptoms. It is, in fact, the most common allergy in this country, affecting one of every two people in the United States. Flowers, herbs, and vegetables can also affect the skin of some people. Burns and sunburn increase the risk of dermatitis developing, and chemical irritants that can cause the condition include: chlorine glues used on artificial nails perfumes topical medications Contact dermatitis can develop when the first contact occurs or after years of use or exposure. Stasis dermatitis, a consequence of poor circulation, occurs when leg veins can no longer return blood to the heart as efficiently as they once did. When that happens, fluid collects in the lower legs and causes them to swell.

Stasis dermatitis can also result in a rash that can break down into sores known as stasis ulcers. The cause of nummular dermatitis is not known, but it usually occurs in cold weather and is most common in people who have dry skin. Hot weather and stress can aggravate this condition, as can the following: wool clothing bathing more than once a day Atopic dermatitis can be caused by allergies, asthma , or stress, and there seems to be a genetic predisposition for atopic conditions. It is sometimes caused by an allergy to nickel in jewelry. Seborrheic dermatitis (for which there may also be a genetic predisposition) is usually caused by overproduction of the oil glands. In adults it can be associated with diabetes mellitus or gold allergy. In infants and adults it may be caused by a biotin deficiency. Diagnosis The diagnosis of dermatitis is made on the basis of how the rash looks and its location. The doctor may scrape off a small piece of affected skin for microscopic examination or direct the patient to discontinue use of any potential irritant that has recently come into contact with the affected area.

Two weeks after the rash disappears, the patient may resume use of the substances, one at a time, until the condition recurs. Eliminating the substance most recently added should eliminate the irritation. If the origin of the irritation has still not been identified, a dermatologist may perform one or more patch tests. This involves dabbing a small amount of a suspected irritant onto skin on the patient's back. If no irritation develops within a few days, another patch test is performed. The process continues until the patient experiences an allergic reaction at the spot where the irritant was applied. Treatment Treating contact dermatitis begins with eliminating or avoiding the source of irritation. Prescription or over-the-counter corticosteroid creams can lessen inflammation and relieve irritation. Creams, lotions, or ointments not specifically formulated for dermatitis can intensify the irritation. Oral antihistamines are sometimes recommended to alleviate itching, and antibiotics are prescribed if the rash becomes infected. Medications taken by mouth to relieve symptoms of dermatitis can make skin red and scaly and cause hair loss. Patients who have a history of dermatitis should remove their rings before washing their hands.

They should use bath oils or glycerine-based soaps and bathe in lukewarm saltwater. Patting rather than rubbing the skin after bathing and thoroughly massaging lubricating lotion or nonprescription cortisone creams into still-damp skin can soothe red, irritated nummular dermatitis. Highly concentrated cortisone preparations should not be applied to the face, armpits, groin, or rectal area. Periodic medical monitoring is necessary to detect side effects in patients who use such preparations on rashes covering large areas of the body. Coal-tar salves can help relieve symptoms of nummular dermatitis that have not responded to other treatments, but these ointments have an unpleasant odor and stain clothing. Patients who have stasis dermatitis should elevate their legs as often as possible and sleep with a pillow between the lower legs. Tar or zinc paste may also be used to treat stasis dermatitis. Because these compounds must remain in contact with the rash for as long as two weeks, the paste and bandages must be applied by a nurse or a doctor. Coal-tar shampoos may be used for seborrheic dermatitis that occurs on the scalp.

Sun exposure after the use of these shampoos should be avoided because the risk of sunburn of the scalp is increased. Alternative treatment Some herbal therapies can be useful for skin conditions. Among the herbs most often recommended are: Burdock root (Arctium lappa) Evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis) Nettles (Urtica dioica) Contact dermatitis can be treated botanically and homeopathically. Grindelia (Grindelia spp.) and sassafras (Sassafras albidum) can help when applied topically. Determining the source of the problem and eliminating it is essential. Oatmeal baths are very helpful in relieving the itch. Bentonite clay packs or any mud pack draws the fluid out and helps dry up the lesions. Cortisone creams are not recommended. Stasis dermatitis should be treated by a trained practitioner. This condition responds well to topical herbal therapies, however, the cause must also be addressed. Selenium-based shampoos, topical applications of flax oil and/or olive oil, and biotin supplementation are among the therapies recommended for seborrheic dermatitis.

Prognosis Dermatitis is often chronic, but symptoms can generally be controlled. Prevention Contact dermatitis can be prevented by avoiding the source of irritation. If the irritant cannot be avoided completely, the patient should wear gloves and other protective clothing whenever exposure is likely to occur. Immediately washing the exposed area with soap and water can stem allergic reactions to poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac, but because soaps can dry the skin, patients susceptible to dermatitis should use them only on the face, feet, genitals, and underarms. Clothing should be loose fitting and 100% cotton. New clothing should be washed in dye-free, unscented detergent before being worn. Injury to the lower leg can cause stasis dermatitis to ulcerate (form open sores). If stasis ulcers develop, a doctor should be notified immediately. Yoga and other relaxation techniques may help prevent atopic dermatitis caused by stress . Avoidance of sweating may aid in preventing seborrheic dermatitis.

A patient who has dermatitis should also notify a doctor if any of the following occurs: fever develops skin oozes or other signs of infection appear symptoms do not begin to subside after seven days' treatment he/she comes into contact with someone who has a wart, cold sore, or other viral skin infection Resources "Allergic Contact Dermatitis." The Skin Site. April 10, 1998 (January 11, 2006). Key terms Allergic reaction — An inappropriate or exaggerated genetically determined reaction to a chemical that occurs only on the second or subsequent exposures to the offending agent, after the first contact has sensitized the body. Corticosteriod — A group of synthetic hormones that are used to prevent or reduce inflammation. Toxic effects may result from rapid withdrawal after prolonged use or from continued use of large doses. Patch test — A skin test that is done to identify allergens. A suspected substance is applied to the skin. After 24-48 hours, if the area is red and swollen, the test is positive for that substance. If no reaction occurs, another substance is applied. This is continued until the patient experiences an allergic reaction where the irritant was applied to the skin.

Rash — A spotted, pink or red skin eruption that may be accompanied by itching and is caused by disease, contact with an allergen, food ingestion, or drug reaction. Ulcer — An open sore on the skin, resulting from tissue destruction, that is usually accompanied by redness, pain, or infection. der·ma·ti·tis der·ma·tit·i·des (der'mă-tī'tis, -tit'i-dēz), dermatitis /der·ma·ti·tis/ (der″mah-ti´tis) pl. dermati´tides inflammation of the skin. actinic dermatitis dermatitis due to exposure to actinic radiation, such as that from the sun, ultraviolet waves, or x- or gamma radiation. allergic dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization. ammonia dermatitis diaper dermatitis attributed to skin irritation, due to the ammonia decomposition products of urine. atopic dermatitis a chronic inflammatory, pruritic, eczematous skin disorder in individuals with a hereditary predisposition to cutaneous pruritus; often accompanied by allergic rhinitis, hay fever, and asthma.

berlock dermatitis , berloque dermatitis dermatitis of the neck, face, or chest, with patches or streaks, caused by exposure to perfume or other toilet articles containing bergamot oil and then to sunlight. cercarial dermatitis swimmers' itch . contact dermatitis acute or chronic dermatitis caused by substances contacting the skin; it may involve allergic or nonallergic mechanisms. dermatitis exfoliati´va neonato´rum staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome . exfoliative dermatitis virtually universal erythema, desquamation, scaling, and itching of the skin, with loss of hair. dermatitis herpetifor´mis pruritic chronic dermatitis with successive groups of symmetrical, erythematous, papular, vesicular, eczematous, or bullous lesions, usually associated with asymptomatic gluten-sensitive enteropathy. infectious eczematous dermatitis a pustular eczematoid eruption arising from a primary lesion that is the source of an infectious exudate. insect dermatitis a transient skin eruption caused by the toxin-containing irritant hairs of insects such as certain moths and their caterpillars.

irritant dermatitis a nonallergic type of contact dermatitis due to exposure to a substance that damages the skin. livedoid dermatitis local pain, swelling, livedoid changes, and increased temperature; due to temporary or prolonged local ischemia from vasculitis or from accidental arterial obliteration during intragluteal administration of medications. meadow dermatitis , meadow-grass dermatitis phytophotodermatitis with eruption of vesicles and bullae in streaks or other configurations, caused by exposure to sunlight after contact with meadow grass. photoallergic contact dermatitis , photocontact dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis caused by the action of sunlight on skin sensitized by contact with substances such as halogenated salicylanilides, sandalwood oil, or hexachlorophene. phototoxic dermatitis erythema followed by hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed areas of the skin, due to exposure to agents containing photosensitizing substances, such as coal tar and psoralen-containing perfumes, drugs, or plants, and then to sunlight.

poison ivy dermatitis , poison oak dermatitis, poison sumac dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis due to exposure to plants of the genus Rhus , which contain urushiol, a skin-sensitizing agent. schistosome dermatitis swimmer's itch . seborrheic dermatitis , dermatitis seborrhe´ica chronic pruritic dermatitis with erythema, scaling, and yellow crust on areas such as the scalp, with exfoliation of excessive dandruff. stasis dermatitis chronic eczematous dermatitis due to venous insufficiency, initially on the inner aspect of the lower leg above the internal malleolus, sometimes spreading over the lower leg, marked by edema, pigmentation, and often ulceration. swimmers' dermatitis see under itch . [dur′mətī′tis] Etymology: Gk, derma + itis, inflammation an inflammatory condition of the skin. Various cutaneous eruptions occur and may be unique to a particular allergen, disease, or infection. The condition may be chronic or acute; treatment is specific to the cause.

Some kinds of dermatitis are actinic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, rhus dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis . dermatitis Inflammation of the skin. See Allergic contact dermatitis , Atopic dermatitis , Caterpillar dermatitis, 'Club Med, ' Contact dermatitis, Diaper dermatitis, Estrogen dermatitis , Herpetic dermatitis, Hot tub dermatitis, Neurodermatitis , Seborrheic dermatitis , Stasis dermatitis . der·ma·ti·tis (der?ma-tit'is ) (-tit'i-dez?) plural.dermatitidesplural.dermatitises [ dermato- + -itis] An inflammatory rash marked by itching and redness. See: eczema Etiology Dermatitis has many causes, , including contact with skin irritants (such as the oil that causes poison ivy or oak); venous stasis, with edema and vesicle formation near the ankles; habitual scratching, as is found in neurodermatitis; dry skin, as in winter itch; and ultraviolet light, as in photosensitivity reactions.

Treatment When a source of dermatitis is identifiable (such as in contact dermatitis due to a detergent or topical cosmetic), the best treatment is to avoid the irritating substance and to cleanse the affected area immediately with mild soap and water. Once skin inflammation is established, topical corticosteroid ointments or systemic steroids (during extreme exacerbations), topical immunomodulator agents (in patients above age 2), weak tar preparations and ultraviolet B light therapy (to increase the thickness of the stratum corneum) and antihistamines may be used, with antibiotics reserved for secondary infections. Dermatologists may prescribe occlusive dressings intermittently to help clear lichenified skin. Patient care The patient should avoid known skin irritants. Tepid baths, cool compresses, and astringents sometimes help relieve inflammation and itch. Moisturizing creams or lotions following bathing help to retain skin moisture, but perfumed products should be avoided. Drug therapy is administered and evaluated for desired effects and adverse reactions. The patient is taught to apply topical medications and is educated about their most common side effects. Scratching is discouraged and the fingernails kept short to limit excoriation.

The patient should be made aware that drowsiness may occur with antihistamine use and that driving or operating mechanical equipment should be avoided until the extent of this effect is known. Health care professionals should be careful not to show any negative feelings when touching lesions during assessment or treatment but should follow standard precautions. Skin changes alter body image, and the patient will need assistance in accepting and coping with what he or she may view as disfigurement. Children and adolescents may require and benefit from counseling to help them deal with emotional components of their condition. ACTINIC DERMATITIS actinic dermatitis A chronic red or eczematous rash, usually on the face or exposed skin surfaces, that typically results from exposure and sensitization to ultraviolet rays. Adults over age 50 may be affected. See: illustration Synonym: photosensitivity dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis ATOPIC DERMATITIS atopic dermatitis Chronic dermatitis of unknown cause found in patients with a history of allergy. The disease usually begins after the first 2 months of life, and those affected may experience exacerbations and remissions throughout childhood and adulthood.

In many cases, there is a family history of allergy or atopy: if both parents have atopic dermatitis, the chances are nearly 80% that their children will have it, as well. Atopic dermatitis is typically found in flexural creases of the body, e.g., the antecubital and popliteal fossae. The skin lesions consist of reddened, cracked, and thickened skin that can become exudative and crusty from scratching. Scarring or secondary infection may occur. Most patients have an elevated level of immunoglobulin E in their serum. See: illustration Treatment The patient should avoid soaps and ointments. Bathing is kept to a minimum, but bath oils may help to prevent drying of the skin. Clothing should be soft textured and should not contain wool. Fingernails should be kept short to decrease damage from scratching. Antihistamines may help reduce itching at night. Heavy exercise should be avoided because it induces perspiration. A nonlipid softening lotion followed by a corticosteroid in a propylene glycol base may effectively treat acute exacerbations; when large areas of the body are involved, oral steroids may be needed.

Because of the adverse effects associated with corticosteroids, topical immunosuppressants such as tacrolimus that decrease T cell activity have been developed. Antistaphylococcal antibiotics may be needed to control secondary infection, introduced when scratching causes microfissures in the skin. illustration berloque dermatitis , berlock dermatitis A type of phytophotodermatitis with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation at the site of application of perfumes or colognes containing oil of bergamot. CONTACT DERMATITIS: Allergic reaction to topical anesthetic contact dermatitis Dermatitis due to contact with allergens or an irritating substance. Allergic contact dermatitis is caused by a T-cell–mediated hypersensitivity reaction to natural or synthetic environmental allergens. These combine with skin proteins, altering the normal autoantigens so that new, foreign antigens are created. Nonallergic contact dermatitis, also known as irritative contact dermatitis, is usually caused by exposure to a detergent, soap, or other skin irritant.

Synonym: allergic contact dermatitis dermatitis venenata (1) See: illustration Symptoms Skin changes, which appear 4 to 48 hr after exposure, depending on the degree of sensitivity to the allergen, consist of erythema, local edema, and blisters. The blisters may weep in severe cases. Most patients complain of intense itching. Signs and symptoms of the disease usually last 10 to 14 days. Re-exposure to the cause will trigger a relapse. Treatment Tepid baths, cool compresses, topical astringents (such as solutions of aluminum acetate), antihistamines, and corticosteroids all provide some relief. illustration contagious pustular dermatitis A cutaneous disease of sheep and goats transmitted to humans by direct contact. The lesion on humans is usually solitary and on the hands, arms, or face. This maculopapular area may progress to a pustule up to 3 cm in diameter and may last 3 to 6 weeks. The etiological agent is Parapoxvirus, , a genus of poxvirus. Actinic dermatitis.

poison ivy dermatitis Dermatitis resulting from irritation or sensitization of the skin by urushiol, the toxic resin of plants of the genus Toxicodendron (Rhus). There is no absolute immunity; susceptibility varies greatly, even in the same individual. Those sensitive to poison ivy may also react to contact with other plants, such as the mango rind and cashew oil. These plants contain chemicals that cross-react with the sap present in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. Symptoms Some time elapses between skin contact with the poison and first appearance of symptoms, varying from a few hours to several days and depending on the sensitivity of the patient and the condition of the skin. Moderate itching or a burning sensation is soon followed by small blisters; later manifestations vary. Blisters usually rupture and are followed by oozing of serum and subsequent crusting. Prevention Some barrier creams have been used to prevent poison ivy dermatitis. They are sprayed on the skin prior to anticipated contact with the plant. Treatment In mild dermatitis, antihistamines and a lotion to relieve itching are usually sufficient.

In severe dermatitis, cool, wet dressings or compresses, potassium permanganate baths, and topical corticosteroids are often effective. In some instances intramuscular or oral corticosteroid therapy is used. If plant leaves are burned and the smoke inhaled, or if plant leaves are ingested, the patient should be directed to an emergency care center. Demulcents, fluids, morphine, and a high-protein, low-fat diet may be prescribed. Patient care Prevention is important in those with known sensitivity and in those with no previous contact with or reaction to the plant. Instruction of the patient focuses on helping the patient to recognize the plant, to avoid contact with it, and to wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants in wooded areas. If contact occurs, the patient should wash with soap and water immediately to remove the toxic oil. Contaminated clothing and pets also should be promptly and thoroughly washed because contact with such items may cause poison dermatitis in other members of the household. illustration Swimmer's itch.

dermatitis seborrheica An acute or subacute dermatitis of unknown cause, beginning on the scalp and/or face and in skin folds (any area where sebaceous glands are active) and characterized by rounded, irregular, or circinate lesions covered with yellow or brown-gray greasy scales. Synonym: pityriasis capitis ; seborrhea corporis ; seborrhea sicca Symptoms The scalp may be dry with abundant grayish branny scales, or oozing and crusted (eczema capitis). The rash may spread to the forehead and postauricular regions. The forehead shows scaly and infiltrated lesions with dark red bases and localized loss of hair. The eyebrows and eyelashes may have dry, dirty white scales. Inflamed skin and scales may be present on the nasolabial folds or the vermilion border of the lips. On the sternal region, the lesions are greasy to the touch. Eruptions may also appear in interscapular, axillary, and genitocrural regions. Cold winter weather may worsen the condition. Treatment When the condition is limited to the scalp, frequent shampooing and use of mild keratolytic agents are indicated.

Selenium-containing shampoos are helpful. Generalized seborrheic dermatitis requires careful attention, including scrupulous skin hygiene, frequent washing and shampooing with selenium sulfide suspension to remove scales, keeping the skin as dry as possible, and using dusting powders. Fluorinated corticosteroids may be applied topically to hairless areas, and systemic cortisone preparations may be required. The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis; it should be ruled out and neurologic conditions recognized as possible predisposing factors. Patient care The health care provider explains to the patient that the condition has remissions and exacerbations and that hormone imbalances, nutritional status, infection, and emotional stress influence its course. The patient is taught to apply prescribed corticosteroids to the body and face. Fluorinated corticosteroids should be used with caution near the eyelids, on the face, and in the groin. To avoid developing a secondary Candida yeast infection in body creases or folds, the patient is advised to cleanse these areas carefully, to dry gently but thoroughly, and to ensure that the skin is well aerated.

He or she is taught to treat seborrheic scalp conditions (dandruff) with proper and frequent shampooing, alternating two or three different types of shampoo to prevent the development of resistance to a particular product. External irritants and excessive heat and perspiration should be avoided. Rubbing and scratching the skin are discouraged because they prolong exacerbations and increase the risk for secondary infection and excoriation, esp. since scaly, pruritic lesions present in skin areas with high bacteria counts. Oral antibiotics (such as tetracycline) may be prescribed (as for acne vulgaris) in small doses over a prolonged period to reduce bacterial colonization. The patient is advised to take tetracycline at least 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals, since the drug is poorly absorbed with food. The patient also is taught about the adverse effects of the drug (photosensitivity, birth defects, nausea, vomiting, and candidal vaginitis) and their management. Adherence to the treatment regimen is stressed to achieve optimal results. Psychological support or counseling is provided as necessary to deal with related body image concerns.

STASIS DERMATITIS stasis dermatitis Eczema of the legs with edema, pigmentation, and sometimes chronic inflammation. It is usually due to impaired return of blood from the legs. Compression stockings help the rash to resolve gradually. See: illustration illustration This condition may be due to one of several fungi, including Hormodendrum pedrosoi or Phialophora verrucosa. dermatitis Inflammation of the skin from any cause. Dermatitis is not a specific disease, but any one of a large range of inflammatory disorders featuring redness, blister formation, swelling, weeping, crusting and itching. dermatitis an inflammation of the skin. dermatitis inflammation of dermis or skin (see eczema ) dermatitis, n inflammatory skin condition. Severity, duration, and treatment depend on the type (i.e., contact dermatitis and actinic dermatitis). Dermatitis. eczema An inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by a rash of red spots, rough scaling, dryness and soreness of the skin sometimes leading to the formation of blisters. It often gives rise to itching or to a burning sensation.

It may occur on the skin of the face where parts of spectacles rest. Frames should be cleaned regularly to avoid causing skin irritation. Syn. contact dermatitis. der·ma·ti·tis Seborrheic Dermatitis | Rosacea.org Home Seborrheic Dermatitis Seborrheic (seb-oh-REE-ick) dermatitis may be the most common skin condition to occur at the same time as rosacea. Although the two disorders are unrelated, a recent clinical study found that 26 percent of patients with rosacea also had facial seborrheic dermatitis and 28 percent had seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp. Additionally, a survey by the National Rosacea Society of 1,099 rosacea patients found that 25 percent had also been diagnosed with this condition. What is Seborrheic Dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is a common, chronic inflammatory skin disorder, generally confined to areas where sebaceous (oil) glands are most prominent. The condition is not harmful or contagious, but it can be uncomfortable and unsightly.

It is estimated that up to one in 20 Americans may be affected by this disorder, which can have extended inactive periods followed by flare-ups. What are the Signs and Symptoms? Scaling and redness are the two dominant characteristics of seborrheic dermatitis. It can look like powdery or greasy scales on the face and other parts of the body and have a burning sensation. If it develops on the scalp, it can range from a mild case of dandruff to thickened scaling patches and may have an itching sensation. The most common sites on the face include the creases around the nose, the forehead, the inner eyebrows and the external ear canal. The upper eyelids and eyelid margins may be involved. What Causes Seborrheic Dermatitis? Although the cause is unknown, several contributing factors may play a role in developing seborrheic dermatitis: abnormality of the oil glands and hair follicles, a yeast fungus with bacteria growing in the sebum, production of certain hormones, stress, change of seasons (outbreaks seem worse in winter) and fatigue. How is Seborrheic Dermatitis Treated?

As with rosacea, there is no cure for seborrheic dermatitis, but therapy is available to control its signs and symptoms. Treatment depends on your skin type, the severity of the condition and the part of your body where it occurs. Treatment on the face and body may include medications such as antifungal and steroid preparations that reduce inflammation and the build-up of scaling on the skin. When seborrheic dermatitis appears with rosacea, a safe and effective antifungal alone may often be prescribed because the long-term use of topical steroids is associated with rosacea-like symptoms. This condition is known as steroid-induced rosacea. Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp may include medicated anti-dandruff shampoos. Rosacea patients who suspect they may have this disorder are urged to see a dermatologist for diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Acknowledgements: This section was reviewed and edited by Drs. Mark Dahl, chairman of dermatology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, and Richard Odom, professor of dermatology, University of California-San Francisco. Contact dermatitis - NHS Choices Contact dermatitis Contact dermatitis is a type of eczema triggered by contact with a particular substance.

Eczema is the name for a group of conditions that cause skin to become irritated and dry. With treatment, most people with contact dermatitis can expect their symptoms to improve. Some cases will clear up completely. This topic covers: Symptoms of contact dermatitis Contact dermatitis causes the skin to become red, blistered, dry and cracked. This reaction usually occurs within a few hours or days of exposure to an irritant or allergen. Symptoms can affect any part of the body, but most commonly affect the hands and face. Read about symptoms of contact dermatitis . When to seek medical advice See your GP if you have persistent, recurrent or severe symptoms of contact dermatitis. They can try to identify the cause and suggest appropriate treatments.

Your GP may refer you to a dermatologist (a doctor who specialises in treating skin conditions) for further tests if: the substance causing your contact dermatitis can't be identified your symptoms aren't responding to treatment Contact dermatitis can be caused by: an irritant – a substance that directly damages the outer layer of skin an allergen – a substance that causes the immune system to respond in a way that affects the skin Contact dermatitis is most commonly caused by irritants such as soaps and detergents, solvents or regular contact with water. Read about causes of contact dermatitis . Treating contact dermatitis If you can successfully avoid the irritants or allergens that trigger your symptoms, your skin will eventually clear up. However, as this isn't always possible, you may also be advised to use: emollients – moisturisers applied to the skin to stop it becoming dry topical corticosteroids – steroid ointments and creams applied to the skin to relieve severe symptoms oral corticosteroids – steroid tablets that can help relieve widespread symptoms Read about treating contact dermatitis . Preventing contact dermatitis The best way to prevent contact dermatitis is to avoid contact with the allergens or irritants that cause your symptoms.

If you can't avoid contact, you can take steps to reduce the risk of the allergens or irritants causing symptoms, including: clean your skin – if you come into contact with an allergen or irritant, rinse the affected skin with warm water and an emollient as soon as possible use gloves to protect your hands – but take them off every now and again, as sweating can make any symptoms worse; you may find it useful to wear cotton gloves underneath rubber gloves if the rubber also irritates you change products that irritate your skin – check the ingredients on make-up or soap to make sure it doesn't contain any irritants or allergens; in some cases, you may need to contact the manufacturer, or check online to get this information apply emollients frequently and in large amounts – these keep your skin hydrated and help protect it from allergens and irritants; you could also use emollient soap substitutes rather than regular bar or liquid soaps, as these can dry out your skin Other types of eczema Other types of eczema include: atopic eczema (also called atopic dermatitis) – the most common type of eczema; it often runs in families and is linked to other conditions, such as asthma and

 hay fever discoid eczema – circular or oval patches of eczema on the skin varicose eczema – this most often affects the lower legs; caused by problems with the flow of blood through the leg veins Page last reviewed: 10/10/2016 Dermatitis Herpetiformis.

Information about DH | Patient 473 Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is a skin condition where you get a very itchy rash. It is caused by intolerance to a food ingredient called gluten. It can be effectively treated with medication plus a gluten-free diet. DH is linked to a condition called coeliac disease, which is also caused by gluten intolerance. Treatment for both conditions is often needed. What is dermatitis herpetiformis (DH)? DH is a skin condition causing a very itchy rash. It is due to intolerance to gluten, which is a natural substance (a protein) found in certain foods. Gluten is in wheat, rye, and barley. Gluten intolerance also causes a gut condition called coeliac disease, which is closely linked to DH. What causes dermatitis herpetiformis (DH)? The cause is gluten intolerance. In this condition, your body reacts to gluten in food. Gluten intolerance is also sometimes called gluten sensitivity. People with gluten intolerance have a kind of allergy to gluten, but it is not the same as a typical food allergy. With gluten intolerance, the gluten somehow triggers your body's immune system to react against the body's own organs.

This is instead of doing what the immune system normally does, which is to be a defence against infections, etc. This may lead to various symptoms in different parts of your body. With DH, it is your skin which is affected. It is not known exactly what causes the gluten intolerance in the first place. Gluten intolerance also usually causes inflammation in the gut (in the small intestine). When this happens it is called coeliac disease. Most people with DH have some degree of coeliac disease. However, they may not have had any noticeable symptoms and their coeliac disease may not have been diagnosed. See separate leaflet called Coeliac Disease for more details. The rest of this leaflet deals with DH. Who gets dermatitis herpetiformis (DH)? Around 1 in 1,000 people have DH. This compares with about 10 in 1,000 people in the UK having coeliac disease. Of 100 people with coeliac disease, about 17 will have DH. It is twice as common in men as it is in women and usually starts between ages 30-40 years, although it can occur at any age.

What are the symptoms of dermatitis herpetiformis (DH)? There is an extremely itchy rash. It can affect any part of your skin, but is usually on your elbows, knees, buttocks and scalp. The rash is usually on both sides of your body at the same time (symmetrical). The rash has blisters and/or raised spots (papules) - but the blisters usually get scratched off to leave scabs. There may be burning or stinging on the area before the blisters start. The rash can vary from week to week, but does not usually clear up without treatment. You may also have symptoms of coeliac disease, such as tummy (abdominal) symptoms or unexplained tiredness. However, some people with coeliac disease have little in the way of symptoms, and DH may be the first sign of coeliac disease. Related discussions Start a discussion How is dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) diagnosed? There are various skin conditions that cause itchy rashes with blisters, so a test is needed to diagnose DH for certain. The test is a skin biopsy . This involves taking a small sample of skin under local anaesthetic.

The sample is examined under the microscope in a laboratory, using a special test to look for antibodies called IgA. This test can reliably diagnose DH. If DH is suspected, you will usually be offered tests for coeliac disease as well. Blood tests can help to show if coeliac disease is likely. If the blood tests are positive, you may be offered a test on the gut (a biopsy to sample the lining of your bowel), which can confirm if you have coeliac disease. How is dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) treated? There are two treatments: diet and medication. In the long term, a diet free of gluten will gradually reduce the DH symptoms, and may cure DH completely. (This diet also treats coeliac disease.) However, it can take months or years for the diet to improve DH. Therefore, medication is often needed to bring the skin symptoms under control. More information about the gluten-free diet is available from the leaflet about coeliac disease, and from Coeliac UK - see under 'Further help & information', below. Medication helps control the rash quickly. The usual medication for DH is dapsone . Dapsone often stops the itching within two days. Dapsone may have side-effects, including anaemia.

Therefore, regular check-ups and blood tests are needed while you are taking it. Dapsone is used to treat certain skin conditions, including DH. Exactly how it works is not known. However, it seems to have anti-inflammatory and antibacterial actions. In DH, it is probably the anti-inflammatory action that is helpful. If you cannot take dapsone or you have side-effects from it, other alternative medicines are available - for example, sulfapyridine. More related content Are there any possible complications? Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) itself does not usually cause complications. However, the gluten intolerance and coeliac disease, if untreated, may make you ill and have possible complications. Most of these problems can be prevented or treated by following a gluten-free diet, which treats both DH and coeliac disease. What is the outlook (prognosis)? Untreated, dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) tends to go up and down in severity, but usually continues. With treatment, the outlook is very good, as DH clears up with medication and a gluten-free diet. Dapsone usually improves the rash quickly. The gluten-free diet takes longer to help - it may take a year or more to get the full benefit.

About 8 in 10 people with DH have good results from the diet so they can either stop taking dapsone, or can reduce the dose. Further help & information References & Disclaimer | Provide Feedback Further reading & references Ludvigsson JF, Bai JC, Biagi F, et al ; Diagnosis and management of adult coeliac disease: guidelines from the British Society of Gastroenterology. Gut. 2014 Aug;63(8):1210-28. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2013-306578. Epub 2014 Jun 10. Pelkowski TD, Viera AJ ; Celiac disease: diagnosis and management. Am Fam Physician. 2014 Jan 15;89(2):99-105. Seborrheic Dermatitis Causes, Treatment & Pictures Medical Author: Gary W. Cole, MD, FAAD Gary W. Cole, MD, FAAD Dr. Cole is board certified in dermatology. He obtained his BA degree in bacteriology, his MA degree in microbiology, and his MD at the University of California, Los Angeles.

He trained in dermatology at the University of Oregon, where he completed his residency. Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR Dr. Shiel received a Bachelor of Science degree with honors from the University of Notre Dame. There he was involved in research in radiation biology and received the Huisking Scholarship. After graduating from St. Louis University School of Medicine, he completed his Internal Medicine residency and Rheumatology fellowship at the University of California, Irvine. He is board-certified in Internal Medicine and Rheumatology. Seborrheic dermatitis facts Seborrheic dermatitis is probably the single most common inflammatory skin condition affecting humans aside from acne vulgaris . Seborrheic dermatitis is highly treatable but incurable. The course of seborrheic dermatitis is characterized by spontaneous remissions and exacerbations. Seborrheic dermatitis affects all ages. What is seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic skin inflammation that becomes worse and better spontaneously.

Seborrheic dermatitis causes an eczema -type eruption commonly affecting portions of the head and upper torso. Seborrheic dermatitis is also known as seborrhea . Picture of seborrheic dermatitis along the hairline; photo courtesy of Gary W. Cole, MD, FAAD What are risk factors for seborrheic dermatitis? Although almost all patients with seborrheic dermatitis are generally healthy, there does seem to be an association with diseases of the central nervous system and AIDS . What causes seborrheic dermatitis? The causes of seborrheic dermatitis are poorly understood. Since this condition tends to occur in areas of heavy sebum production, it is felt that oily skin may be a factor leading to seborrheic dermatitis. In addition, it seems that many patients with seborrheic dermatitis have excessive growth of a normal skin yeast (Pityrosporum or Malassezia) in the affected areas. Whether this common microorganism really leads to seborrheic dermatitis or is just a secondary phenomenon remains to be determined.

The fact that topical antifungal medications are effective in controlling this disease has led some to conclude that this is a fungal condition. However, this theory is not yet accepted. Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 3/18/2016

Question: Dermatitis affects what part of the body?
Answer: Skin