Flora - Goddess of Flowers - Roman Goddess Flora - Goddess of Flowers - Roman Goddess. Flora was a goddess of flowers and the season of spring. Flora - Goddess of Flowers - Roman Goddess Per-Ankh Feed Tuesday, 17 January 2017 Home ï¿½ Divinity of the Day ï¿½ Roman Gods and Goddesses ï¿½ Flora - Goddess of Flowers Flora - Goddess of Flowers Flora was a goddess of flowers and the season of spring. Her festival, the Floralia, was held between April 28 and May 3 and symbolized the renewal of the cycle of life, drinking, and flowers. Flora was consort to Favonius, the wind god. She has elements of a Love-Goddess, with its attendant attributes of fertility, sex, and blossoming. She had a temple near the Circu Maximus in Rome. --~Attributes and Correspondences~-- Goddess of Abundance and Prosperity. Goddess God of the Acis River in Sicily. God God of health and medicine. God Gddess and personification of eternity. Goddess Goddess who relieved people from pain and sorrow. Goddess Goddess associated with snakes and Medea.

Goddess Goddess of the circle of the year Goddess Goddess of Chastity and Fertility. Goddess Goddess of childbirth and prophecy Goddess Goddess of forgiveness and mercy. Goddess Goddess who presided over the system of sewers in Rome Goddess Goddess of agreement, understanding, and marital harmony. Goddess Chthonic god protecting grain storage. God Goddess of the measurer of the thread of life. Goddess Goddess of Fertility, Hunting, and the Moon Goddess God of wealth and the underworld. God Goddess and personification of discipline. Goddess Phallic god who protected from envy and the evil eye. God Goddess of Fertility and Abundance. Goddess God of Wells and Springs. God Goddess of Fortune and Luck. Goddess Goddess of Water and Springs. Goddess Goddess of envy or jealousy. Goddess God of Gates and Doors. God Goddess of Marriage and Women. Goddess Supreme King of the Gods God Goddess of fountains, wells, and springs. Goddess God of Household and Estate. God Goddess of thieves, con men and charlatans. Goddess God of male fertility, viniculture and freedom. God Goddess to whom soldiers sacrificed captured weapons.

Goddess Goddess of Growth and Increase. Goddess Goddess of the Underworld and the dead. Goddess Goddess of dawn and childbirth, patroness of mariners. Goddess Goddess and personification of poisonous gases and volcanic vapours. Goddess Goddess of bees and beekeeping Goddess Messenger God and God of Commerce God Goddess of Wisdom, Arts, and Trade. Goddess God of Sun and Light God Goddess of memory and money. Goddess Personification of the act of birth. Goddess Ancient war goddess and valor. Goddess The spinner of the thread of life. Goddess God of the underworld and punisher of broken oaths. God Goddess who guarded the Palatine Hill. Goddess Goddess of Flocks and Sheppards. Goddess God of protection of infants at birth. God Goddess of Fruit Trees and Fruit Goddess God of keys, doors, and livestock. God Goddess of childbirth and the past. Goddess Goddess who protected breastfeeding mothers. Goddess Goodess of Well-being, Health and Prosperity Goddess God of loyalty, honesty, and oaths. God God of Seeds and Harvest. God God of woodlands and forests. God Goddess who protected against fires.

Goddess Goddess of the new year. Goddess Goddess of storms or sudden weather. Goddess Goddess of peace and tranquility. Goddess Goddess of crossroads and magic. Goddess Goddess of rest after harvest. Goddess Goddess of Beauty and Love. Goddess Goddess of victory and competitions. Goddess The Witches God - Janet and Stewart Farrar The Witches Goddess - Janet and Stewart Farrar A Dictionary of Egyptian Gods and Goddesses - George Hart Celtic Goddesses - Miranda Green Gods, Demons and Symbols of Ancient Mesopotamia - Jeremy Black and Anthony Green Maori Religion and Mythology - Edward Shortland The Greek Myths - Robert Graves Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines, 2-Volume Set - Patricia Monaghan Asgard and the Gods: The Tales and Traditions of Our Northern Ancestors - Wilhelm Wï¿½gner Macdovvall The Mythology of all Races - Vol 1-12 - Louis H Gray The Ancient Gods Speak - Edited by Donald B Redford The Pyramid Texts - Faulkner Aradia, Gospel of the Witches - Charles G. Leland Myths of the Norsemen From the Eddas and Sagas - H.

A. Guerber The Theogony of Hesiod - translated by Hugh G. Evelyn-White 1914 Encyclopedia of Ancient Deities, 2-Volume Set - Charles Russell Coulter and Patricia Turner Wikipedia Flora, Roman Goddess of Flowers, Springtime, and Sex Roman Flora is the Roman Goddess of flowering plants, especially those that bear fruit. Spring, of course, is Her season, and She has elements of a Love-Goddess, with its attendant attributes of fertility, sex, and blossoming. She is quite ancient; the Sabines are said to have named a month for Her (which corresponds to our and the Roman April), and She was known among the Samnites as well as the Oscans, where She was called Flusia. She was originally the Goddess specifically of the flowering crops, such as the grain or fruit-trees, and Her function was to make the grain, vegetables and trees bloom so that autumn's harvest would be good. She was invoked to avert rust, a nasty fungal disease of plants that causes orange growths the exact color of rusting iron, and which was (is) an especial problem affecting wheat.

Hers is the beginning of the process that finds its completion with Pomona , the Goddess of Fruit and the Harvest; and like Pomona, Flora had Her own flamen, one of a small number of priests each in service to a specific Deity. The flamens were said to have been instituted by Numa, the legendary second King of Rome who succeeded Romulus; and whether Numa really existed or not, the flamens were undoubtedly of ancient origin, as were the Deities they served. In later times Flora became the Goddess of all flowering plants, including the ornamental varieties. Her name is related to Latin floris, meaning naturally enough "a flower", with the additional meaning of "[something] in its prime"; other related words have meanings like "prospering", "flourishing", "abounding", and "fresh or blooming". In one story, Flora was said to have provided Juno with a magic flower that would allow Her to conceive with no help from a man; from this virgin-birth Mars was born.

A late tale calls Flora a courtesan and gives Her a story similar to Acca Larentia: Flora was said to have made a fortune as a courtesan, which She bequeathed to Rome upon Her death, and for which She was honored with the festival of the Floralia. As Flora was originally a Sabine Goddess, and as the Sabines were a neighboring tribe whom the Romans conquered and assimilated into Rome, perhaps this is an acknowledgement of the land so acquired, put into legendary terms. Flora had two temples in Rome, one near the Circus Maximus, the great "stadium" of Rome where chariot races were held, and another on the slopes of the Quirinal Hill. The temple on the Quirinal was most likely built on the site of an earlier altar to Her said to have been dedicated by Titus Tatius, King of the Sabines, who ruled alongside Romulus for a time in the very early (hence legendary) days of Rome.

Her other temple was built quite near to the Circus Maximus, though its exact site has not been found, and was associated with a neighboring temple dedicated to the triad of Ceres (the Grain Goddess) and Liber and Libera (God and Goddess of the Vine). These Deities and Flora were all concerned with the fertility and health of the crops. Flora's temple by the Circus was dedicated on the 28th of April in 241 (or 248) BCE in response to a great drought at the command of the Sybilline books, and this day became the starting date of Her great festival, the Floralia. In Imperial times (1st century CE) this temple was rededicated (I assume after some restorations were made) on the 13th of August, and this date was given to a second festival of Flora, coinciding with the ripening of the grain, whose flowers She had set forth.

The Floralia of April was originally a moveable feast to coincide with the blossoming of the plants, later becoming fixed with the dedication of Her temple on the 28th (or 27th, before the calendar was reformed--I mention this because holidays were almost always held on odd-numbered days as it was considered unlucky to start a festival on an even-numbered day), though ludi or "games"—horse-races or athletic contests—were not held every year. By the Empire the festival had grown (or should I say, blossomed) to seven days, and included chariot-races and theatrical performances, some of which were notoriously bawdy. It was given over to merriment and celebrations of an amorous nature, much like that northern flower-and-sex festival Beltaine whose date neatly coincides. Prostitutes considered it their own special time, and the Floralia gained a reputation as being more licentious and abandoned than the Saturnalia of December, whose name is legendary even now.

At the chariot-races and circus games of the Floralia it was traditional to let goats and hares loose, and lupines, bean-flowers and vetch (all of which have similarly-shaped blossoms and are a sort of showier version of wheat in bloom) were scattered, symbolic of fertility. Brightly colored clothes were a must, as were wreaths of flowers, especially roses; and the celebrations drew great crowds. Of the two nationalized chariot-teams who shared a deep rivalry, the Greens and the Blues, the Greens (of course) were Hers, and She had been invoked at chariot-races from ancient times. The last day of the festival, May 3rd, was called Florae; it may be a special name for the closing day of the Floralia, or it may refer to a seperate ceremony conducted in Her temple on the Quirinal. Flora was depicted by the Romans wearing light spring clothing, holding small bouquets of flowers, sometimes crowned with blossoms. Honey, made from flowers, is one of Her gifts, and Her name is said to be one of the secret (holy) names of Rome. She is sometimes called the handmaiden of Ceres.

Ovid identifies Her with the Greek flower-nymph Chloris, whose name means "yellow or pale green", the color of Spring. The word flora is still used as a general name for the plants of a region. Alternate names/epithets: Flora Rustica, "Flora the Countrywoman" or "Flora of the Countryside", and Flora Mater, or "Flora the Mother", in respect to Her ancient origins. Among the Oscans She was known as Flusia. All art here ©2004-2013 Thalia Took. You are free to borrow the images here for your own personal or religious use. If you use any on your personal non-commercial website, please credit the work to Thalia Took. If you can link back to this site, I'd appreciate it. Always ask permission first for any other requests for use of this art. Obscure Goddess Online Directory text ©2006-2012 Thalia Took, and please do not reproduce it. Questions or comments? E-mail me . Flora | Roman mythology | Britannica.com Roman mythology Prometheus Flora, in Roman religion , the goddess of the flowering of plants.

Titus Tatius (according to tradition, the Sabine king who ruled with Romulus) is said to have introduced her cult to Rome; her temple stood near the Circus Maximus . Her festival, called the Floralia, was instituted in 238 bc. A representation of Flora’s head, distinguished only by a floral crown, appeared on coins of the republic. Her name survives in the botanical term for vegetation of a particular environment . Flora, classical sculpture; in the Capitoline Museum, Rome Alinari/Art Resource, New York Myths about her are recorded in Ovid’s Fasti, Book V. A nymph called Chloris was kissed by the West Wind, Zephyrus, and was turned into Flora. This story is the subject of Sandro Botticelli’s Primavera. According to Ovid, Flora helped Juno—who was angry that Jupiter had produced Minerva from his own head—become pregnant with Mars by giving her a magic flower . Primavera, tempera on wood by Sandro Botticelli, c. … Scala/Art Resource, New York Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this.

Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered. Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later.

Close Date Published: November 08, 2007 URL: Access Date: January 18, 2017 Share CHLORIS (Khloris) - Greek Goddess Nymph of Flowers (Roman Flora) Flora-Chloris, Greco-Roman fresco from Stabiae C1st A.D., Naples National Archaeological Museum KHLORIS (Chloris) was the goddess of flowers and a nymph of the Islands of the Blessed . She was the wife of Zephyros the West-Wind and the mother of Karpos (Carpus), god of fruit. Her Roman name was Flora. FAMILY OF CHLORIS Probably OKEANOS (as implied by Ovid) OFFSPRING KARPOS (by Zephyros ) (Other references) ENCYCLOPEDIA CHLORIS (Chlôris). The wife of Zephyrus, and the goddess of flowers, so that she is identical with the Roman Flora. (Ov. Fast. v. 195.) FLORA. The Roman goddess of flowers and spring.

The writers, whose object it was to bring the Roman religion into contempt, relate that Flora had been, like Acca Laurentia, a courtesan, who accumulated a large property, and bequeathed it to the Roman people, in return for which she was honoured with the annual festival of the Floralia. (Lactant. i. 20.) But her worship was established at Rome in the very earliest times, for a temple is said to have been vowed to her by king Tatius (Varro, de. L. L. v. 74), and Numa appointed a flamen to her. The resemblance between the names Flora and Chloris led the later Romans to identify the two divinities. Her temple at Rome was situated near the Circus Maximus (Tac. Ann. ii. 49), and her festival was celebrated from the 28th of April till the first of May, with extravagant merriment and lasciviousness. (Dict. of Ant. s. v. Floralia.) Source: Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. CLASSICAL LITERATURE QUOTES Ovid, Fasti 5.

193 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) : "The goddess [Flora] replied to my questions, as she talks, her lips breathe spring roses : ‘I was Chloris, whom am now called Flora. Latin speech corrupted a Greek letter of my name. I was Chloris, Nympha of the happy fields [Elysium], the homes of the blessed (you hear) in earlier times. To describe my beauty would mar my modesty : it found my mother a son-in law god. It was spring, I wandered; Zephyrus (the West Wind) saw me, I left. He pursues, I run : he was the stronger; and Boreas gave his brother full rights of rape by robbing Erechtheus' house of its prize [Oreithyia]. But he makes good the rape by naming me his bride, and I have no complaints about my marriage. ‘I enjoy perpetual spring : the year always shines, trees are leafing, the soild always fodders. I have a fruitful garden in my dowered fields, fanned by breezes, fed by limpid fountains.

My husband filled it with well-bred flowers, saying : "Have jurisdiction of the flower, goddess." I often wanted to number the colours displayed, but could not : their abundance defied measure. As soon as the dewy frost is cast from the leaves and sunbeams warm the dappled blossom, the Horae (Seasons) assemble, hitch up their coloured dresses and collect these gifts of mine in light tubs. Suddenly the Charites (Graces) burst in, and weave chaplets and crowns to entwine the hair of gods. I first scattered new seed across countless nations; earth was formerly a single colour. I first made a flower from Therapnean blood [Hyacinthus the larkspur flower], and its petal still inscribes the lament. You, too, narcissus, have a name in tended gardens, unhappy in your undivided self. Why mention Crocus, Attis or Cinyras' son, from whose wounds I made a tribute soar?’" FLORA & THE BIRTH OF MARS (ARES) Ovid, Fasti 5. 229 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C.

to C1st A.D.) : "[Flora tells the tale of the birth of Mars :] Mars [Ares] also, you may not know, was formed by my arts. I pray that Jove [Zeus] stays ignorant of this. Holy Juno [Hera], when Minerva [Athene] sprang unmothered, was hurt that Jove did not need her service. She went to complain to Oceanus of her husband's deeds. She stopped at our door, tired from the journey. As soon as I saw her, I asked, ‘What's brought you here, Saturnia [Hera]?’ She reports where she's going, and cites the cause. I consoled her with friendly words : ‘Words,’ she declares, ‘cannot relieve my pain. If Jove became a father without using a spouse and possesses both titles by himself, why should I not expect a spouseless motherhood, chaste parturition, untouched by a man? I'll try every drug on the broad earth and empty Oceanus and the hollows of Tartarus.’ Her speech was mid-course; my face was hesitant. ‘You look, Nympha, as thou you can help,’ she says.

Three times I wanted to help, three times my tongue stuck : Jupiter's anger caused massive fear. ‘Please help me,’ she said, ‘my source will be concealed;’ and the divine Styx testifies to this. ‘A flower,’ I said, ‘from the fields of Olenus will grant your wish. It's unique to my gardens. I was told: "Touch a barren cow; she'll be a mother." I touched. No delay: she was a mother.’ I quickly plucked the clinging flower with my thumb. Juno feels its touch and at the touch conceives. She bulges, and enters Thrace and west Propontis, and fulfils her wish: Mars [Ares] was created. Recalling my role in his birth, Mars said : ‘You, too, should have a place in Romulus' city.’" CULT OF FLORA AT ROME Ovid, Fasti 5. 183 ff (trans.Boyle) (Roman poetry C1st B.C. to C1st A.D.) : "May 2 Floralia Ludi Fastus. Be present, [Flora] mother of flowers, honoured with shows and play.

I postponed your role from last month. You start in April and cross to the time of May: one has you as it leaves, one as it comes. Since the edges of these moths are yours and defer to you, either of them suits your praises. The Circus continues and the theatre's lauded palm. Let this song, too, join the Circus spectacle. Teach me yourself who you are. Men's opinions deceive. You will be the best source for your name. [The goddess describes her origins, see the passage quoted above.] . . . ‘Perhaps you think my rule is confined to dainty wreaths. My divinity touches the fields, too. If crops flower well, the threshing-floor churns wealth; if the vines flower well, Bacchus flows; if the olives flower well, the year shimmers and the season fills with bursting fruit. Once their bloom is damages, vetches and beans die, your lentils die, too, alien Nile. Wines also bloom, carefully stored in great cellars, and film seals the surface of the vats. Honey is my gift. I call winged honey-makers [i.e.

bees] to violets, clover and greying thyme. We do the same thing also, when in youthful years our spirits riot and the body glows.’ As she spoke, I admired her mutely. ‘You've the right,’ she says, ‘to have nay questions answered.’ ‘Tell me, goddess,’ I asked, ‘the origin of the shows.’ I had hardly stopped. She replied to me: ‘The other modes of luxury did not yet flourish; riches lay in cattle or broad estates (hence the Latin words for wealthy and for money), but already wealth was got illegally. The custom grew of grazing the people's pastures, and it was long allowed to go unpunished. The masses lacked champions to protect public land, and the lazy alone grazed privately. This license was arraigned before the Publicii, Aediles of the plebs. Courage failed before. The people recovered their rights, the guilty were fined; the champion's public spirit was praised. Part of the fine was given to me, and the victors began the new shows amid great applause.

Part of it financed a slope in a beetling cliff; it's now a useful road, named Publicius.’ I thought the shows were made annual. She denied it, and added other words to her speech. ‘Honour pricks us, too. We love festivals and altars; celestials are a status-greedy bunch. Sin often renders the gods hostile to a man; a sweet victim pays for the offence . . . If we are neglected, the offence is punished massively, and anger exceeds just bounds . . . The Roman Fathers also passes me by. What was I to do--to demonstrate my dismay and to penalize their insult to me? Distress let duty slip. I failed to guard the fields, and I neglected my fruitful garden. Lilies had fallen, you could see violets parched and tendrils droop on the crimson saffron. Zephyrus (the West Wind) often said to me : "Do not ruin your dowry." My dowry was now worthless. The olives flowered; but wanton winds damaged them. The crops flowered; hailstorms ruined the crops. The vines offered hope Auster (the South Wind) blackens the sky and sudden rain ravishes their leaves.

I did not want this; my anger is not cruel, but I lacked the desire to protect. The Fathers met and vowed an annual festival to my godhead [the Floralia], if the year flowered well. I acknowledged the vow. Consul Laenas and Consul Postumius discharged the shows for me.’ I was about to inquire why these shows had greater lewdness and more permissive play, but it came to me that this deity is no prig: the gifts of the goddess frame our pleasures. Drinkers encircle their brows with plaited crowns, burnished tables hide under rose showers. Tipsy guests dance with linden wreaths in their hair, as wine coaxes indiscretion and skill. Tipsy lovers serenade a pretty girl's hard door, while delicate chains dress their scented hair. No business is conducted with garlanded brows, no one scarfed with flowers drinks pure water. While no one mixed you, Achelous, with the grape, gathering roses lacked all attraction. Bacchus loves flowers. Bacchus' pleasure in the wreath can be known from Ariadne's star. Light theatre suits her.

Do not, believe me, do not rank her with the tragic-booted goddesses. Indeed the reason why a crowd of whores packs these shows is not difficult to find. She is neither one of the glum set nor a snob; she wants her rites open to the plebs, and warns us to use life's beauty as it blooms. The thorn is spurned when the rose has dropped. And yet why, when white robes are worn at Ceres' feast, do multi-coloured dresses best suit her? Is it because ripe ears of corn blanch the harvest, but flowers have every feature and hue? She nodded and flowers spilled from her cascading hair, like roses scattered upon a table. There still remained the lights, whose cause eluded me, when she removed my bafflement with this : ‘Because the meadows light up with purple flowers, lights were believed to suit my festival; or because no flower or flame is dull in colour, and the brightness of each attracts the eye; or because nocturnal licence best suits our joys.

The third cause is derived from the truth.’ ‘A little matter remains to nose into,’ I said, ‘If it is allowed.’ She said, ‘It is allowed.’ ‘Why instead of Libyan lions are peaceful deer and timorous rabbits netted for you?’ Her realm, she replied, was not forests but gardens and fields, which no savage beast may enter. She needed, and vanishes in the vaporous breeze. Her scent stayed; you'd know a goddess had been. That the song of Naso may flower for all time, sprinkle, I beg, my heart with your gifts." FLORA - the Roman Goddess of Flowers (Roman mythology) FLORA Roman Flower Goddess Sexy Goddess of Flowers Because flowers are the sex organs of plants, she was worshipped by the Romans in their usual naughty way. Any excuse for an orgy. So be careful when you give someone a bunch of flowers — you could be sending quite the wrong message. Or indeed the right one.

FLORA FACTS AND FIGURES Location : Italy and Roman Europe Gender : Female Celebration or Feast Day : Unknown at present Good/Evil Rating : Unknown at present Popularity index : 6720 Cite this Link to this page HTML: To link to this page, just copy and paste the text below into your blog, web page or email. <a href="">Godchecker entry on FLORA, the Roman Goddess of Flowers</a> BBCODE: To link to this page in a forum post or comment box, just copy and paste the text below: [url= entry on FLORA, the Roman Goddess of Flowers[/url] Cite this article Here's the info you need to cite this page. Just copy the text in the box below. Saunders, Chas, and Peter J. Allen, eds. "FLORA - the Roman Goddess of Flowers (Roman mythology)." <em>Godchecker</em>. Godchecker.com / CID, 21 Jan. 2014. Web. 18 January 2017. . 21 January 2014 by the Godchecker Team. Editors: Peter J Allen, Chas Saunders References: Coming soon.

Greek & Roman Mythology - Tools FLORA 100.00% A goddess, originally Sabine, of the spring and of flowers and blossoms in general, to whom prayers were offered for the prospering of the ripe fruits of field and tree. She was also regarded as a goddess of the flower of youth and its pleasures. Her worship was said to have been introduced into Rome by the Sabine king Titus Tatius, and her special priest, the Flamen Floralis, to have been appointed by Numa. A temple was erected to her in the Circus Maximus in 238 B.C. At the same time a theatrical festival, the Floralia, was instituted at the behest of the Sibylline books. At this feast the men decked themselves and their animals with flowers, especially roses; the women put aside their usual costume, and wore the gay dresses usually forbidden. The scene was one of unrestrained merriment. From 173 B.C. the festival was a standing one, and lasted six days, from April 28, the anniversary of the foundation of the temple, to May 3.

For the first five days of the games, for the superintendence of which the curule aediles were responsible, there were theatrical performances, largely consisting of the very indecent farces called mimes. On the last day goats, hares, and other animals were hunted in the circus. The people were regaled during the games with porridge, peas, and lentils. Flora was in later times identified with the Greek Chloris (See HORAe ). In works of art she was represented as a blooming maiden, decked with flowers. CHLORIS 100.00% The personification of the spring season, and goddess of flowers, the wife of Zephyrus, mother of Carpos ("Fruit"). She was identified by the Romans with Flora. (See FLORA. ) FERONIA 24.97% An old Italian goddess, of Sabine origin, but also much worshipped in Etruria. She seems originally to have been regarded in the same light as Flora, Libera, and Venus. The Greeks called her a goddess of flowers; on coins she is represented as a girl in the bloom of youth, with flowers in her hair.

She was also worshipped as the goddess of emancipation from slavery. She had a very celebrated shrine at the foot of Mount Soracte in Etruria, where the whole neighbourbood used to bring her rich votive offerings and the firstfruits of the field. The annual festivals served as fairs, such was the crowd of people who flocked to them. The mythical king Erulus of Praeneste was regarded as her son. He had three lives, and had to be slain three times by Evander in consequence. HORAE 15.02% The goddesses of order in nature, who cause the seasons to change in their regular course, and all things to come into being, blossom and ripen at the appointed time. In Homer, who gives them neither genealogy nor names, they are mentioned as handmaidens of Zeus, entrusted with the guarding of the gates of heaven and Olympus; in other words, with watching the clouds.

Hesiod calls them the daughters of Zeus and Themis, who watch over the field operations of mankind; their names are Eunomia (Good Order), Dike (Justice), and Eirine (Peace), names which show that the divinities of the three ordinary seasons of the world of nature, Spring, Summer, and Winter, are also, as daughters of Themis, appointed to superintend the moral world of human life. This is especially the case with Dike, who is the goddess who presides over legal order, and, like Themis, is enthroned by the side of Zeus. According to Hesiod, she immediately acquaints him with all unjust judicial decisions, so that he may punish them. In the tragic poets she is mentioned with the Erinyes and as a divinity who is relentless and stern in exacting punishment. (See ASTRAeA. ) At Athens, two Horoe were honoured: Thallo, the goddess of the flowers of spring; and Carpo, the goddess of the fruits of summer. Nevertheless the Horae were also recognised as four in number, distinguished by the attributes of the seasons.

They were represented as delicate, joyous, lightly moving creatures, adorned with flowers and fruits, and, like the Graces, often associated with other divinities, such as Aphrodite, Apollo, and He1ios. As the Hora specially representing spring, we have Chloris, the wife of Zephyrus, and goddess of flowers, identified by the Romans with Flora (q.v.). FLAMEN 9.43% The special priest of a special deity among the Romans. There were 15 Flamines; three higher ones (Flamines maiores) of patrician rank: these were the flamen Dialis (of Jupiter), Martialis (of Mars), and Quirinalis (of Quirinus). The remaining 12 were flamines minores, plebeians, and attached to less important deities, as Vulcanus, Flora, Pomona, and Carmenta. Their office was for life, and they could only be deprived of it in certain events. The emblem of their dignity was a white conical hat (apex), made out of the hide of a sacrificed animal, and having an olive branch and woollen thread at the top.

This the flamines were obliged to wear always out of doors, indeed the Flamen Dialis had originally to wear it indoors as well. They were exempted from all the duties of civic life, and excluded at the same time from all participation in politics. In course of time, it is true, they were allowed to hold urban offices, but even then they were forbidden to go out of Italy. The Flamen Dialis was originally not allowed to spend a night away from home: in later times, under the Empire, the Pontifex could allow him to sleep out for two nights in the year. Indeed, the Flamen Dialis, whose superior position among the flamens conferred upon him certain privileges, as the toga proetexta, the sella curulis, a seat in the senate, and the services of a lictor, was in proportion obliged to submit to more restrictions than the rest. He, his wife, their children, and his house on the Palatine were dedicated to this god. He must be born of a marriage celebrated by confarreatio, and live himself in indissoluble marriage. (See MARRIAGE .) If his wife died, he resigned his office.

In the performance of his sacred functions he was assisted by his children as camilli. (See CAMILLUS .) Every day was for him a holy day, so that he never appeared without the insignia of his office, the conical hat, the thick woollen toga proetexta woven by his wife, the sacrificial knife, and a rod to keep the people away from him. He was preceded by his lictor, and by heralds, who called on the people to stop their work, as the flamen was not permitted to look upon any labour. He was not allowed to cast eyes on an armed host, to mount, or even to touch, a horse, to touch a corpse, or grave, or a goat, or a dog, or raw meat or anything unclean. He must not have near him, or behold, anything in the shape of a chain. Consequently there must be no knots, but only clasps, on his raiment; the ring on his finger was broken, and any one who came into his house with chains must instantly be loosened. If he were guilty of any carelessness in the sacrifices, or if his hat fell off his head, he had to resign.

His wife; the flaminica, was priestess of Juno. She had, in like manner, to appear always in her insignia of office, a long woollen robe, with her hair woven with a purple fillet, and arranged in pyramidal form, her head covered with a veil and a kerchief, and carrying a sacrificial knife. On certain days she was forbidden to comb her hair. The chief business of the flamens consisted in daily sacrifices: on certain special occasions they acted with the Pontifices and the Vestal Virgins. The three superior flamens offered a sacrifice to Fides Publica on the Capitol on the 1st October, driving there in a two-horse chariot. During the imperial period flamines of the deified emperors were added to the others. GAMES 5.05% (1) Public. Among the Romans public games were intimately connected with religious worship. (For the public games of the Greeks, see ISTHMIAN , NEMEAN , OLYMPIAN , PYTHIAN GAMES .) The Roman ludi, originally races, appear first in the worship of Mars and Consus, the tutelary deities of horses and mules.

But it was also a very ancient custom to celebrate ludi votivi, or games vowed on special occasions, particularly in time of war. Such games were usually vowed to Jupiter, the greatest deity of the Romans. These exceptional celebrations were so often repeated that they at length passed into regular annual festivals (ludi stati). The number of these games gradually increased, and so did their duration. At the end of the republican period there were seven sets of games, which occupied 65 days; in the middle of the 2nd century A.D. 135 days were given up to them, and in 354 A.D. as many as 176. In old times the games only lasted part of the day; but they gradually began to take up the whole day from early morning onwards. At a later period they went on in many cases into the night, requiring artificial illumination. The Roman ritual was very strict, and it happened pretty often that in consequence of some accidental interruption or trivial oversight, an instauratio or repetition of the spoiled day, if not of the whole festival, would be ordered, lest the gods should have any cause for anger.

The different collegia of the priests were responsible for superintending the games, prescribed in honour of their respective divinities. But in the case of festivities vowed by the State, this duty fell to the high magistrates; at first to the consuls, afterwards (and almost exclusively) to the aediles, and after Augustus to the praetors. The expenses were provided for by a certain sum of money paid over from the public treasury to the giver of italics>the games. For the Ludi Romani, the greatest of all the festivals, this sum amounted, during the period preceding the Punic wars, to about £1,800. After this period it reached some £3,000, and by 51 A.D. had risen to £8,750. At the same time the givers of the games had to make larger supplementary contributious. The demands of the public were so extravagant that in course of time the amount of this private expenditure increased enormously, especially in the last century B.C. Augustus, indeed, tried to check it; but he was obliged to allow his praetors to spend three times as much on the games as was paid for the public treasury.

Under the Empire many enactments were issued to restrict the expenditure on the games by law, but no permanent effect was produced. Even after the 4th century A.D. the expense rose to as large a sum as from £50,000 to £150,000. The oldest games were those of the circus, consisting mainly of horse-races and chariot-races, with gymnastic contests, to which others were added in course of time. (See CIRCUS .) After 364 B.C. dramatic representations were introduced from Etruria. These were in 240 B.C., and onwards, exchanged for regular theatrical performances (See LIVIUS ANDRONIOUS ). Contests of gladiators, also from Etruria, were fashionable after 264 B.C. But these were only exhibited, during the republican period, at funeral games, private and other entertainments (see GLADIATORES ). The following regular festivities were introduced in the republican period, and continued in existence until the latest times: (1) The Ludi Romani.

These were the oldest games of all, and were, in strictness, celebrated in honour of Jupiter by victorious generals at their triumphs; hence it was that they included, as a special feature, a procession (pompa) from the Capitol to the Circus; a part of the performance which seems afterwards to have been embodied in the other games of the circus. Originally they lasted only one day; but in course of time they absorbed more and more time, till in the Ciceronian age they went on for fifteen (September 4-19). After the death of Caesar another day was added in his honour. After the introduction of theatrical performances, several days were taken up with them. The curule aediles were, in the republican period, responsible for the management. (2) Ludi plebei. These originally lasted one day, but afterwards fourteen, November 4-17. They were given in the Circus Flaminius under the direction of the plebeian aediles, and early included dramatic entertainments. (3) Ludi Cereales, given under the direction of the plebeian aediles in honour of Ceres, the tutelary goddess of the plebs.

The date was originally April 19, afterwards April 12-19. (4) Ludi Apollinares, or in honour of Apollo. These were introduced during the Second Punic War, and celebrated originally on July 13, continuing afterwards from July 6-13. On the last day only were there any performances in the circus; the rest of the festival was given up to the drama. These were the only games for which, in the republican period, the praetor was responsible. (5) Ludi Megalenses, in honour of the Magna Mater, introduced 204 B.C. and held at first on April 4, afterwards from April 4-10. (See RHEA .) They included performances both in the theatre and in the circus. They were under the management of the curule aediles, and the same remark applies to (6) the Ludi Florales, from April 28 to May 3. (See FLORA .) During the imperial period the number of permanent festivals was largely increased.

The birthday of Augustus, for instance (September 23), was regularly celebrated with ludi circenses, and the ludi Augustales (October 3-12) were instituted in honour of his memory. Side by side with the public games, private performances were often given by societies, families, and individuals on special occasions, such as those of births, marriages, or funerals. Sometimes the object would be merely to please the public: sometimes to raise money. The giver of the entertainment had, like the superintendent of the public games, the privilege of lictors and the toga proetexta. Charges for admission were made or not according to the occasion. But the admission to the public games was free, it being always understood that special seats were reserved for the magistrates, priests, senators, equites, and particular families and individuals. (See AMPHITHEATRE , CIRCUS , GLADIATORES , SEA-FIGHTS , THEATRE , WILD BEASTS .) Of social games the ancients, and especially the Greeks, had plenty.

The cottabus, so popular at Greek banquets, the games of ball, of which both Greeks and Romans were fond, and the games with dice, are described in separate articles. A game of draughts (petteia) appears as early as Homer, and was said to have been the invention of Palamedes. But we have no knowledge of its nature and rules, and have very scanty information about the similar games played in later times. The "game of cities" seems to have resembled our chess or draughts. The board was divided into spaces, and movements made upon it with stones; the object being to get your opponent into check. The Romans had several games of the sort, among which the ludus latrunculorum, or game at soldiers, is to a certain extent known. This was a game of siege. The men (calculi) were divided into privates (mandroe) and officers (latrones), and the object was to take or to get your adversary's stones in check. In the ludus duodecim scriptorum, or game of 12 lines, dice were used.

The dice-board was divided into 24 spaces by 12 parallel lines intersected by a line at right angles. Each side had 15 men, one set being black and the other white. Before each move the dice were thrown, and the move determined by the number which turned up. A very favourite game was Odd and Even (Gk. artiasmos, Lat. ludere par impar). You held out so many fingers, and put so many coins, pebbles, or nuts in your hand, and made your adversary guess whether the number was odd or even. The Roman children, and indeed their elders, were very fond of various games with nuts. Flora Roman Goddess of Plants | Crystal Vaults Flora Roman Goddess of Plants Flora Roman Goddess of Plants Flora As a goddess of Rome she is the Goddess of Flowers and the springtime. Flora rules flowering plants and fruits as well as blossoming of plants and fruits. She protects the vegetation from diseases and rotting. Her powers are the reason why flowers grow and blossom. She's considered to be a handmaiden of Ceres. Cere's is a pre-Roman Goddess of Agriculture. Her high priest is the Flamen Floralis.

A flamen serves their goddess or god. They offer daily sacrifices and provided many rituals. Flora is one of the primal Earth Goddesses. She's depicted by the Romans as wearing light spring clothes and always carrying bouquets of flowers. Her name is related to the latin word Floris, which means a flower. Flora's function was to make the grain, vegetables, and trees bloom so that Autumn's harvest would be great. It's said that she also has many elements of a love goddess such as fertility. Flora gave Juno a magic flower that when a woman touches it she becomes pregnant and that would help her conceive a baby on her own with no man's help. From this virgin-birth, the god Mars was born. Flora is able to help you make a beautiful garden. She'll protect it from any harm and keep your flowers looking healthy and well. Her powers are also able to help women with childbirth. She can show you a world full of fun and adventure. Use the gemstone dendritic quartz to symbolize growth and change. Most gemstones would represent Flora well because flowers are all different colors and different types just as with gemstones so you can't really narrow it down to just a few.

- article and art by Jessica Sitarik, age 14. Roman Goddess Flora *** Flora, the minor Roman goddess of flowers, fertility and spring Flora was goddess of flowering or blossoming plants, particularly of wheat and other crops. Flora was the twin sister to Fauna , the goddess of animals and wildlife and was originally was called Sabine. Her Greek counterpart was Chloris. Her name, Flora, survives in the botanical term for the plant life in a particular region. Most people recognise the names of the twin goddesses as they are used in the context of flora and fauna to mean the plant and animal life. Although Flora was a minor goddess the Romans held her in high esteem. Flora was depicted in art wearing a crown of flowers and her image was engraved on Roman coins. She was referred to by Ovid as "The goddess comes, crowned with garlands of a thousand flowers". In opposition to Flora was an antagonistic divinity, called Robigus, who was the cause of destruction of crops. His wrath could only be averted by prayers and sacrifices, when he was invoked under the title of Averuncus, or the Avertor.

The festival of Robigus (the Robigalia) was celebrated on April 5. Picture of Flora, Roman goddess of flowers The Temples of Flora The goddess Flora, the goddess of flowers was first honored in Rome, with a temple that was built in her honor. The content of the Sibylline Books motivated the construction of the Temple of Flora, and strongly advised the building of seven other temples. The Sibylline Books (Libri Sibyllini) were a collection of a collection of prophecies from an Oracle named the Sibyl of Cumae, bearing upon Roman religion and the welfare of Romans and the Roman state. On the advice of the Sibylline books, Titus Tatius, the King of the Sabines, vowed a shrine and a temple in honor located on the Quirinal Hill in Rome. with the purpose of gaining protection from Flora of the crops and plants. Flora was also given a temple near the Circus Maximus in 238 and was represented by one of the twelve minor flamines (priests or sacrificers) in the collegium pontificum, the association of Pontiffs who were the chief priests.

A festival in her honor called the Floralia, or Ludi Florales, was instituted on the occasion of the dedication of the temple to Flora near the Circus Maximus. The Triumph of Flora The Festival of Flora - the Floralia Flora was one of several Roman fertility goddesses. The Romans also believed Flora to be a love Goddess possessing the properties of fertility, sex and the blossom of spring and the renewal of the cycle of life. She was honored with the festival know as the Floralia or Ludi Florales. This springtime festival was celebrated to honor Flora between April 27 and May 3. The Floralia lasts for six days and during this time Romans decked their houses and temples with flowers and also wore flowers in their hair. Even their animals were decorated with flowers in honor of Flora. Floralia, the festival of Flora, was a lively affair involving merry making, feasting, drinking and games. Romans wore highly colorful clothing, instead of their usual white clothes, to imitate colorful flowers that were believed to be the result of the influence of Flora. The six day festival of Floralia started with theatrical performances and mimes and culminated with games called the Florales Ludi.

The theatrical performances received official recognition and, when first instituted, were known for their licentiousness and a particular favorite of the the plebeians (lower class Romans). The festival was a carnival of sexual fun and liberty featuring erotic dancing and stripping by prostitutes. The prostitutes of Rome identified with Flora at this time and claimed this day as their own and performed various erotic dances and mimes. The Worship of Flora - Sacrifices Flora, the Roman goddess of flowers and fertility was worshipped in the same way as any other Roman divinity with prayers, making vows, dedicating altars, sacrificing animals and birds and making offerings of milk, honey, flowers and grain to the goddess. White animals were sacrificed to the gods and goddesses of the upper world and the sex of a sacrificial animal or bird had to correspond to the sex of the goddess to whom it was offered. Picture of the Circus Maximus The Games in honor of Flora - Ludi Florales The festival to Flora included games (ludi Floralis) on the final days of the festival. The first games of the Floralia, or Florifertum, were celebrated on the fifth day of the festival when it was customary to bring stalks of wheat.

Florifertum centered around the Kalends of May (May Day), and offerings of milk and honey would be made to the flower goddess. Lupins, purplish-blue flowers were thrown to the crowds at the Floralia together with a variety of lentils and beans as symbols of fertility. The crowds wore brightly colored clothes and decked their hair with flowers and wreaths. An unusual feature of the games was an enactment of hunting small animals such as hares and goats which were set in an elaborate setting. The usual gladiatorial games, the main events, followed towards the end of the day. The festival and games were discontinued at one point due when the authorities clamped down on the rowdy and licentious behaviour of the crowds. But were restored in 173 BCE after storms had destroyed crops and vines.

Flora Interesting information and Facts about the Roman goddess Flora Flora, the Roman goddess of flowers, fertility and spring Stories and Legends in Roman Mythology and history Facts and information about the Gods and Deities of the Ancient World for schools and kids Flora, the Roman goddess of flowers, fertility and spring Flora, Roman Goddess of flowers (HUNTER GOD CONCEPT) : Smite * by RedN0va Because the rhinoceros speaks english This idea came about because i wanted to try something a little different. I think Hunters seem to get the short end because oftentimes, gods considered to be made into hunters are limited to gods historically depicted with a bow of some sort; yet we see the cool results when deviations are made I.E Anhur and Ah Muzen Cab. I'm all for remaining faithful to a god's lore but I do think there's some room to get creative. I've seen Flora on here once or twice as a mage and so i wanted to try make her into a hunter, but a different kind of hunter. Chiron showed us there's potential in a slightly more defensive hunter so I'm going to try expand upon that concept. so here goes...

Flora, Roman Goddess of Flowers Lore Appearance would be similar to Solstice Hel's light side except with a dress made of flower petals instead of leaves She's traditionally depicted with a bouquet of flowers in hand, we could adapt that into her having bow made of flowers kinda like this one and have her fire flowery arrows PASSIVE - Arching Shot: at 50% of her max range and beyond, Flora fires her basing attacks in an arch to land at a ground targeter. This allows her to bypass minions, short structures like a thor or cabrakan wall (not ymir's or anhurs), and other enemy gods to hit her intended target. ABILITY 1 - HONEYSUCKLE: at the targeted location on the ground, Flora will grow a single honeysuckle flower that is destroyed by either 3 enemy basic attacks (minions included) or when flora deploys another. every 10 seconds the honeysuckle will drop a drop of honey, flora or an ally can pick up this deployed buff to be healed for 30 + 7 / god level over 5s and receive a 25% attack speed bonus for 3 sec.

ABILITY 2- BLOOMING FIELD: at a moveable ground target location, a bed of various flowers grows (think how ah muzen cab deploys honey) enemy gods that pass over the flowers are overcome by the wonderful smell and are mesmerised for .7/1.1/1.5/1.9/2.3s ABILITY 3 - ROSE CANNON - Flora grows a large rose at the target location that fires thorny projectiles from it's head like a cannon. this turret of sorts deals damage equal to 45/70/95/120/145 (+35% of your physical power) and has 220/300/380/460/540 health and 5/15/25/35/45 protections.

(very comparable to a vulcan turret) ABILITY 4, ULTIMATE - RUSH OF SPRING: Flora empowers herself and one of her plants with a rush of spring, upon activation Flora gains a damage bonus and can target 1 flower she has out on the field, targeted flower gains a powerful buff: A targeted Honeysuckle will deploy 6 buffs immediately rather than 1 A targeted flowerbed will become wider and double their mesmerise time A targeted Rose Canon will rapidly fire several projectiles, (think an anhur ult) This Kit was inspired by the notion of a hunter who's strength is drawing aline in the sand and holding it, who can defend a tower or a buff really well button agrees as well as maybe xaballanque or apollo. it was also partially inspired by the game plants vs zombies as you can probably tell hahaha, I was really intrigued by the idea of deployable turrets/buffs in this game and given Vulcan and sylvanus, feel like they could turn into a roman pantheon signature much like stance switches are a norse pantheon signature. Love you guys and would appreciate any comment :)

Question: In Roman mythology who was the goddess of flowers?
Answer: FLORA