WIRKSWORTH-Parish Records 1608-1899-Old Photos WOOD - Wirksworth AD 1654 RIDGWAY - Wirksworth AD 1670 Also on the cards is written the motto: "Truth is great and will prevail" Across the bottom "John & Caroline Smedley, Riber Castle, Matlock, Derbyshire". An interesting story this one; John Smedley born 12 Jun 1803 in Wirksworth, married on 24 June 1847 a Vicar's daughter Caroline HARWARD . Smedley was a textile manufacturer at Lea Mills near Matlock. In 1847 they went to Switzerland for their honeymoon, where John became ill, and had to return to England. He went to the then new Ben Rhydding Hydro Establishment (opened 1844 in the East part of Ilkley, Yorkshire), and later to Cheltenham to take the waters, where apparently he was cured of his illness.

Smedley returned to Matlock and went into partnership with Ralph Davies at Matlock Bank (see Census 1841 , 1851 , 1861 , 1871 , 1881 , and 1891 ) Eventually (about 1853) he set up his own Spa called "Smedley's Hydro" at Matlock, Derbyshire. (See photos: 118 , 119 , 151 , 182 , 193 , 197 , 201 , 216 and 232 ). This became a great success with hundreds of visitors a year, and was at its peak about the time of this photograph. (In 1867 he treated 2000 patients). John built Riber Castle in 1862 but did not live long to enjoy it, he died in 1874. His wife lived her life out there and died in 1892. Riber Castle appears in the following Census: 1871 , 1881 , 1891 , and 1901 .

In the 1891 Census there were over 26 Hydros in Matlock, and the population of Matlock had grown from 4,000 to over 7,000. See also: Hydropathy, John Smedley and Matlock . In 1828 A Pedigree of the Smedleys was drawn up by Thomas Ince (a Wirksworth genealogist), when John Smedley was only 25, unmarried, and still unconnected with Hydropath, (Ince updated this Pedigree after 1847 when Smedley was better known). John Smedley is number 49 on the tree, Caroline number 50. CD users can see an image of the Manuscript on: Ince 029b In 1882 the Smedley's Memorial Hydropathic Hospital was opened, built by Caroline Smedley as a memorial to her husband who died in 1874.

It was run by Annie Jackson , but today (2005) is a Youth Hostel, most convenient for the Derbyshire Record Office (which used to be Bank House Hydro, see: 1891 and 1901 Census.) Dates: Photo taken: c1867 Size: Source: Click on photo for enlargement (on CD only) Have any more information about this photo? Please e-mail the author on: Compiled, formatted, hyperlinked, encoded, and copyright © 2005, All Rights Reserved. Learn and talk about Matlock, Derbyshire, County towns in England, Matlock, Derbyshire, Spa towns in England, Towns and villages of the Peak District Coordinates : 53°08′N 1°33′W﻿ / ﻿53.14°N 1.55°W﻿ / 53.14; -1.55 Matlock is the county town of Derbyshire , England. It is situated at the south eastern edge of the Peak District . The town is twinned with the French town Eaubonne . The former spa resort Matlock Bath lies immediately south of the town on the A6 .

The civil parish of Matlock Town had a population in the 2011 UK census of 9,543. [1] The population of the wider Matlock urban area is approximately 20,000 (including Darley Dale , Tansley , Hackney and Matlock Bath). The Matlock area is considered to include Wirksworth , owing to the close proximity of the towns. This would bring the area's population closer to 30,000. Matlock is nine miles (14 km) south-west of Chesterfield , and in easy reach of the cities of Derby (19 miles), Sheffield (20 miles), and Nottingham (29 miles); the Greater Manchester conurbation is 30 miles away. Matlock is within the Derbyshire Dales district, which also includes the towns of Bakewell and Ashbourne , as well as Wirksworth. The headquarters of Derbyshire County Council are in the town.

Contents History[ edit ] The name Matlock derives from the Old English mæthel (or mæðel), meaning assembly or speech, and āc, meaning oak tree; thus Matlock means 'moot-oak', an oak tree where meetings are held. [2] [3] In the Domesday Book of 1086 it was recorded as Meslach and in 1196 it was Matlac. [2] It is a former spa town that lies on the River Derwent , and has prospered from both the hydrotherapy industry and the cloth mills constructed on the river and its tributary Bentley Brook . It was an unimportant collection of small villages in the Wirksworth Hundred — Matlock Town, Matlock Green, Matlock Bridge, Matlock Bank — until thermal springs were discovered in 1698. [4] The population increased rapidly in the 1800s, largely because of the popular hydros which were being built. [5] At one stage there were around twenty hydros, mostly on Matlock Bank, the largest built in 1853 by John Smedley .

[4] [5] This closed in 1955, [5] and re-opened in 1956 [6] as the headquarters of the Derbyshire County Council . Matlock is also home to the Derbyshire Dales District Council as well as Matlock Town council . Governance[ edit ] Matlock has a town council (the urban equivent of a rural parish council) which is the lowest tier of local government. The Council meets twice a month. There are 11 Councillors who cover the area and 9 members of staff. Matlock Town Council's jurisdiction extends covers the Town Centre, Matlock Bank, Hurst Farm, Matlock Green, Matlock Town, Starkholmes and Riber. [7] The second tier of local government is Derbyshire Dales District Council which covers almost a third of the mainly rural parts of the County, including the towns of Matlock, Ashbourne, Bakewell, Wirksworth and Darley Dale and over 100 villages. The Council has 39 District Councillors elected in 25 wards. Matlock is represented by 6 councillors in the two wards Matlock All Saints and Matlock St Giles.

[8] The top tier of local government is Derbyshire County Council that has responsibilities for the whole of Derbyshire apart from the City of Derby. Matlock is represented by one county councillor (out of 64 councillors in total). [9] The main offices of all three tiers of local government are sited in Matlock. The Town Council is situated in the Imperial Rooms close to the bottom of Bank Road, the District Council is half way up Bank Road and the County Council is at the top. As regards national democracy, Matlock forms part of the Derbyshire Dales (UK Parliament constituency) . The MP currently (2015) is Patrick McLoughlin . He has held the seat for the Conservative Party since 1986. Geography[ edit ] Natural physical features[ edit ] The main physical features of the Matlock area are the hills and watercourses. The height of the town (above mean level) varies from 91m at Causeway Lane (in the valley bottom) to 203m at the top of Wellington Street. Matlock is overlooked by Riber Castle at 260m from the south-east and by Masson Hill at 339m from the south-west.

The first human settlement in the area was in what is now known as Old Matlock or Matlock Green. This was where the Bentley Brook joined the River Derwent. When the town grew in the late 19th century, the town spread up the steep hillsides to the north-east of the narrow valley bottom. Baileys (corn) Mill on Bentley Brook Various industries made use of the natural features: The underlying bedrocks were quarried and mined. The watercourses were harnessed to power corn, cloth and other mills. The hillside thermal spring water gave rise to the hydros . The natural features also constrained transport links: In the Derwent gorge below High Tor, the present-day A6 (Dale Road) was squeezed in beside the river. From the south, the Midland Railway reached Matlock Station via a series of short tunnels constructed under the limestone of the gorge. A cable tramway was constructed to tackle the very steep Bank Road (see above). Geology[ edit ] Specimen of Matlockite in the Mineralogical Museum, Bonn The geology of the Matlock area is extremely complex.

Broadly speaking, the Derwent valley bottom forms a boundary between the sandstones and gritstones to the NE and the limestones to the SW. There are igneous intrusions into the limestones to the SW. [10] This geology has been exploited by the quarrying and mining industries. The sandstones and gritstones have been quarried as building materials (e.g. at Bentley Brook Quarries) and the limestones for building materials and the manufacture of lime (e.g. at Harvey Dale Quarries). The igneous intrusions gave rise to valuable minerals which have been mined (e.g. in the Bonsall area), particularly for lead. [11] A very rare lead halide mineral called Matlockite was first discovered at nearby Bage Mine in the early 1800s, and is named after the town. [12] The route of the River Derwent downstream (south) of Matlock is especially interesting to geologists in that it appears to have cut its way through a limestone gorge below High Tor (120m above river level), rather than follow the "simpler" way to the east.

It is thought that landslips and/or glaciation may have had an influence over how the present route of the river was established. [13] The Dimple[ edit ] The area on the western edge of the town, bounded on the north and east by Old Hackney Lane, Hurds Hollow, and Dimple Road, and on the south by Bakewell Road, is named as Dimple, on the Ordnance Survey map. [14] Transportation[ edit ] Bank Road Tram[ edit ] Matlock taken from Matlock Bridge - looking up the hill of Bank Road across Crown Square (prior to bridge one way system). In 1893, Matlock Cable Tramway , a cable tramway was built up Bank Road from Crown Square at Matlock Bridge to Wellington Street (at the top of Bank Road) with a stop halfway up at Smedley Street where Smedley's Hydro (built by John Smedley ) was situated. Conceived by Job Smith, the tram was inspired by San Francisco's famous cable cars, and cost £20,000.

When it was built it was the steepest tramway in the world at a gradient of 1 in 5½, and it rose 300 feet (91 m). The fare was tuppence up, penny down. It closed in 1927 [5] after losing business to cars and buses . Railways[ edit ] In 1849, the railway came to Matlock. [5] Matlock railway station was opened on the Manchester, Buxton, Matlock and Midlands Junction Railway , later the Midland line between London and Manchester , until the section between Matlock and Buxton was closed in 1968 following the Beeching cuts . Network Rail considered re-opening the line, with a study carried out by the county council. Although it proved to be unfeasible in the short term, the track bed will be kept free of development as the study showed that the line could be economically viable from around 2025.

[15] The section from Wye Dale (about 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Buxton) to Coombs viaduct, a point about a mile south-east of Bakewell, has now become the Monsal Trail , an 8.5-mile (13.7 km) walk and cycle trail. Trains still run between Matlock and Derby on the Derwent Valley Line . Peak Rail , a preserved railway , runs steam trains on a section of the closed line between Matlock, Darley Dale and Rowsley . Previously it used its own station, Matlock Riverside , a short distance to the north of the mainline station, however as of 2011 both Peak Rail and trains on the Derwent Valley Line share the same station. Hall Leys Park[ edit ] The old tram shelter in the park Hall Leys Park is a Victorian public park in the centre of Matlock, Derbyshire which opened in 1898. It lies between the River Derwent to the south and Causeway Lane to the north.

The park has many facilities and in 2004–2005 underwent major regeneration as part of the Matlock Parks Project with funding from the Millennium Commission . At the Crown Square/Matlock Bridge end of the park there is the town's war memorial and a wishing well . Beside this there is the shelter from the former cable tramway which was moved to the park when the tramway ceased to operate in 1927. Moving away from Crown Square there is, next, a large grass area and some tennis courts . As part of the refurbishments which took place, the old grass tennis courts were replaced with a skateboard park . Hall Leys Park bandstand from footbridge over River Derwent In the centre of the park is the Victorian bandstand which is used regularly in the summer months by local brass bands and for events such as the annual Matlock Victorian Christmas Weekend - held on the first weekend of December. Beside the bandstand is a footbridge over the River Derwent which has markings indicating the height of several floods that hit the town in the 1960s and 1970s. The café, on the opposite side of the bandstand, has similar markings for other floods.

Hall Leys Park is now a central part of the town's flood protection. The wall which surrounds the northern side of the park has the ability to have the footways sealed with sheets of wood which would dam the progress of any overflow from the river and turn the entire park into a large reservoir . Further down the park there is a putting green and a Crown Green Bowls green. A boating lake, with several small islands, is home to a large number of birds, including ducks and moorhens as well as being host to the longest running pleasure boats in the country. A miniature railway runs half the length of the park along the river but, due to the lack of any turning space, the return journey is made in reverse. At the far end of the park is a children 's playground which was significantly upgraded in 2005. Hall Leys Park is occasionally the site for visiting "Continental Markets" and, since the summer of 2006, regular "Farmers' Markets". It is also the centre of the Matlock Victorian Christmas Weekend held annually on the first weekend of December.

Bank Road[ edit ] Bank Road runs from Crown Square up Matlock Bank, a steep hill which gives the road its name, to Wellington Street. Although many consider the whole incline to be Bank Road, just over halfway up beyond Smedley Street the road is called Rutland Street. Bank Road has many local landmark buildings along it - from the bottom of the hill (Crown Square) travelling north: Crown Buildings The Crown Hotel - the original site of the hotel which gave its name to Crown Square is now a building society office. This was built prior to 1899. [16] The Crown is now a Wetherspoon's pub just along Bakewell Road. Crown Buildings, opposite the original Crown Hotel at the bottom of Bank Road, was built in 1889 [16] and currently houses a cafe on its ground floor. Post Office and Sorting Office. These were built prior to 1922. [16] Police Station - built after the second world war. [5] Town Hall Derbyshire Dales District Council Offices. Formerly Bridge Hall, then a hydro called Bridge House (established by 1861).

In 1894 the Matlock Urban District Council bought Bridge House hydro for use as the Town Hall and added a large wing in the Italianate style to house an assembly room etc. It was reopened in 1898 and also housed most local authority undertakings, magistrates courts, etc. [17] Following local government reorganisation in 1974, the Town Hall became the headquarters of West Derbyshire District Council (which later changed its name to Derbyshire Dales District Council). To enable the District Council to centralise its several offices spread over the district, the Town Hall was substantially extended in 1979. Our Lady & St. Joseph's Catholic Church - built in 1883 with a presbytery added in 1896. The church was described as a ‘mission’, established under St Mary’s of Derby. A church hall was built alongside in the 1990s. [17] Old Methodist Church above Old Sunday School Youth Hostel - a YHA youth hostel - Built in 1882 as Smedley Memorial Hospital.

There is a later (Hunter) wing with a datestone of 1897 set further back from the road. The Youth Hostel opened in 1983 and closed on 30 September 2007. [17] Matlock Methodist & United Reformed Church - originally Matlock Wesleyan Chapel, and later the Trinity Methodist Church. The church was designed by C.O. Ellison of Liverpool, with additions designed by Horace G. Bradley. The neo-gothic church was originally built in 1882 without the slender steeple, which is now a landmark feature reaching above the roofs of neighbouring buildings, and, from higher levels, an elegant feature against the backdrop of the hills beyond. The Manse was built at the west of the site, fronting New Street. [17] Old Sunday School which is now a B&B . Old Methodist Church - the Primitive Methodist congregation was founded in 1838, although the current church on Bank Road, opposite the entrance to County Hall, was rebuilt in 1856 and the adjacent School Room below was added in 1878.

[17] Until recently, the Old Methodist Church housed the Matlock Wurlitzer . [18] County Hall with Winter Gardens in foreground County Hall - formerly Smedley’s Hydro , is a grade II listed building which dominates Matlock Bank. The earliest (western) section seen today was built in c. 1867 by Smedley. Much of today's building was added after Smedley’s death in 1874. The first phase, in 1881, included the entrance hall and staircase, now in the middle section. In 1886, the eastern section was added by architect George Statham of Nottingham. Later extensions include the tall chimney, impressive for its height on the already prominent site, along with boiler house and bath in 1894. The domed glass Winter Gardens, which housed a ballroom, and the northern block on the other side of Smedley Street were added in 1901. The northern block was linked by the unusual two storey bridge over Smedley Street.

[17] The Gate and, across Bank Road, County Hall The hydro closed in 1955 and re-opened in 1956 as “County Offices”, when Derbyshire County Council moved its headquarters from St Mary’s Gate in Derby. Its name was changed to "County Hall", during the 1990s. Part of the County Hall complex is seen in Women in Love , Ken Russell 's Oscar-winning 1969 film . As the Brangwen sisters walk out of their house (in reality No. 80, New Street) near the beginning of the film they are seen walking towards Bank Road. Smedley Street traverses Bank Road. It has its own parade of shops and a post office (now closed). The east end of Smedley Street (known as Smedley Street East) is home to Laser Rail, a designer and manufacturer of rail measurement equipment now incorporated into Balfour Beatty 's rail division. Rutland Court The Gate public house - There were known to have been numerous public houses on Matlock Bank, thought to have been the result of the ban on alcohol consumption within the hydros themselves, especially at Smedley’s.

The whereabouts of many is no longer known. The Gate (dated 1869) was one of these, and still stands on the corner of Smedley Street and Bank Road, opposite Smedley's. [17] It now functions as an arts venue known as Designate at the Gate. [19] NB. Beyond Smedley Street, Bank Road is actually Rutland Street. Old tram depot, Bank Road (technically Rutland Street) Rutland Court - the former Matlock House Hydro stands prominently on the east side of Rutland Street. The hydro was built in 1863 and an engraving of 1870 shows that the main block, at least that which is visible from the roadside today, is largely unaltered. [17] Elmtree House - a former hydro, now 70-74 Rutland Street, was opened in 1862. It is located just to the north of the dominant Matlock House (now Rutland Court). [17] The Old Tram Depot which is now a garage and car repair centre.

Rockside Hydro Rockside Hydro - an imposing building with views across Matlock, is a grade II listed building, on higher ground above Smedley's and is distinctive for its two octagonal corner turrets with conical roofs topped by lanterns. Rockside was built circa 1860, but extended significantly by the firm of architects Parker and Unwin between 1901 and 1905, The building was also extended later in 1923 and 1928. An upper floor glazed conservatory with a glazed curved roof was added in c. 1923, and a block was added on Cavendish Road in 1928. [17] It probably is not so well known that during the Second World War, Rockside Hall was used as an RAF psychiatric hospital, where mentally-scarred service personnel (mostly aircrew) were rehabilitated. It was somewhat unkindly known as "Hatters Castle" by locals. [20] The building became a hall of residence to Matlock College of Further Education in 1950 but following closure, stood empty and derelict for many years but has recently been renovated and converted into apartments.

Large sections have been replaced, including the Cavendish Road block and the curved conservatory roof. Dale Road[ edit ] Dale Road runs all the way from Matlock Bridge (road bridge over the River Derwent) to North Parade in Matlock Bath . It forms part of the Derby to Manchester road (A6) and has very many bends. Dale Road, like Bank Road (see previous section), contains a large number of examples of Victorian architecture, although only four are listed by English Heritage. However all buildings on Dale Road are included in two conservation areas created by Derbyshire Dales District Council. These conservation areas are called "Matlock Bridge" (from the bridge over the Derwent to the railway bridge over Dale Road), then "Matlock Dale" to the outskirts of Matlock Bath. [16] [21] In this section, the main features of Dale Road are described, starting at Matlock Bridge and then proceeding in a southerly direction until the High Tor Hotel. Railway Station and Station House - The railway station and the nearby station house were both designed by Joseph Paxton around 1850, as part of the building of the Midland Railway's Derby to Buxton route.

The station house, being largely unaltered since being built, is listed Grade II by English Heritage, but the station itself is unlisted. [22] Matlock Bridge - This is the road crossing of the River Derwent. The first stone bridge was constructed over or close to the site of a ford in the mid 13th century. It was only a single carriageway in width and remained so for 550 years. In the 1890s there were discussions regarding the need for a wider bridge to be able to cope with the increasing road traffic. A new bridge was proposed which would have involved the demolition of the existing. However, a decision was taken to double the width of the existing bridge. This work was undertaken in 1903-4. The bridge was made one-way to vehicular traffic at time of building of the access road to the superstore in Cawdor Quarry in 2007. The bridge is listed as Grade II* by English Heritage. [16] HSBC Bank Sport[ edit ] ARC Leisure Centre Matlock is home to Matlock Town Football Club playing in the Northern Premier League Premier Division at their Causeway Lane ground.

Matlock is also home to Matlock Cricket Club playing next to the football ground, and Matlock and District Swimming Club (also known as MAD Swimming) which trained and competed in the nearby old Matlock Lido before it closed in August 2011 with subsequent events transferred to the Arc complex. Matlock's rugby team play their home matches at nearby Cromford Meadows. They run 3 senior teams and the 1st XV compete at Level 6 in the RFU league structure . Matlock Rugby Club also has a thriving minis and junior section with over 250 members all supported by fully qualified mini and junior coaches. In 2007 the club was awarded the Derbyshire Tigger Price Memorial trophy for the team of the year award. On the outskirts of Matlock off the A6 Bakewell Road , a new multi-use leisure centre and swimming facility was opened in 2011 known as Arc Leisure Matlock. [31] [32] Education & Arts[ edit ] Matlock creative and performing arts were enhanced in 2004 when the annual arts festival Matlock Live! began[ citation needed ].

It takes place in June or July each year featuring local musicians, dancers, artists, etc. The local secondary school , Highfields School , achieved status as a Performing Arts College due to its connections with Matlock Live![ citation needed ] As part of the summer event, Matlock Live invites Buskers / Street performers to form a busking trail around Matlock raising money for the charity Aquabox. Matlock Music present a series of public concerts at Highfields School (Upper Lumsdale site). [33] Storytelling is also well represented with a monthly venue at the Imperial Rooms. [34] Education history[ edit ] Ernest Bailey School (now County Council Records Office) The first school in Matlock was founded in 1647 as a free school for local boys, originally funded by local George Spateman of Tansley and from 1668 by Anthony Wolley. [35] This school was rebuilt in 1829 and expanded in 1860 and 1889 and girls first attended in 1816. [35] This school has since been demolished [35] (the date is unknown).

Another school, All Saints Primary School was founded in 1875 to provide for the population of the newly developed Matlock Bank. [35] This school still operates and is the biggest primary school in Matlock. In 1897, a third school, the Council School, was constructed on Matlock Bank, at the junction of Smedley Street and Chesterfield Road. [35] It also still operates as Castle View Primary School. Before Highfields School was founded in 1982, when the tripartite education system in Matlock ended, there were two secondary schools in Matlock; Charles White Secondary Modern School (founded in 1956, and named after two local MPs, father and son , the latter of who died in 1956) and Ernest Bailey's Grammar School (founded in 1924 and named after its wealthy founder). [35] As a Grammar school, Bailey's accepted students whose parents paid or who gained scholarships (by passing the Eleven plus exam ) until fees were phased out, leaving scholarship as the only means of entry.

[35] Those who didn't attain a scholarship attended Charles White - it is estimated that Charles White students outnumbered Bailey's students 3:1. [35] White had been built especially by Derbyshire County Council to accommodate the children who couldn't attend Bailey's. [35] Highfields School 'Lower Site' at Starkholmes , formerly Charles White Secondary Modern The two schools were merged to create Highfields, a comprehensive school . The site of Charles White in Starkholmes became the 'lower site' of Highfields for years 7-8, while Bailey's was converted to the county council records offices. A new site was built to house the new 'upper site' at Lumsdale for years 9-13. [35] The town centre development[ edit ] Dale Road (A6) exiting the edge of Matlock Town, showing traditional buildings housing independent shops and businesses For over 10 years, the council had proposed to allow a Sainsbury's supermarket to be built in Cawdor Quarry , a disused quarry next to the railway station. In early 2007 building work started, and it opened 4 October 2007.

A new access road with its own bridge over the River Derwent allows the A6 to bypass the town centre, while the old bridge has been restricted to one-way traffic (out of town) and allows pedestrian access to the train station, a newly built bus station and the supermarket from the town centre. [36] Several bus routes continue to serve only the old Bus Station on Bakewell Road, making Matlock one of the smallest towns in Britain to boast two bus stations. There has been a negative image of Matlock Town centre due to the limited retail offer for a town of Matlock's size which was identified in the Matlock Masterplan - a document produced by the district council. There has been a worry that many locals now choose to shop in neighbouring towns due to this perceived problem. The local council had a wider development planned for the future with key development sites on Bakewell Road, Firs Parade and Imperial Road which were identified in 2007 in the masterplan.

In 2010, Crown Square was updated with the replacement of pavements and street furniture intended to provide a new look more appropriate to the conservation area, the old tarmac pavements and traffic island being rebuilt in local sandstone, barriers replaced with heritage bollards and all the street lights replaced. Bakewell Road and Firs Parade were not included in this phase as they are just off Crown Square, and along with Imperial Road they are yet to be redeveloped. Matlock on film and television[ edit ] St Giles Church, featured in Women in Love Coming Down the Mountain , The BBC drama was set partly in Matlock although nothing was filmed there. Women in Love , Ken Russell 's Oscar winning 1969 film , uses a house at the top of New Street (No. 80) as the home of the Brangwen sisters, Gudrun and Ursula. The house is currently a B&B . St. Giles' Church in Church Street was the setting for the wedding of Laura Crich. Peak Practice , the ITV series , used locations in Matlock, including Highfields School , Victoria Hall Gardens and Henry Avenue, although the main village location is Crich and nearby Fritchley.

Original courtesy of Wikipedia: — Please support Wikipedia. This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia . A portion of the proceeds from advertising on Digplanet goes to supporting Wikipedia. We're sorry, but there's no news about "Matlock, Derbyshire" right now. Limit to books that you can completely read online Include partial books (book previews) Oops, we seem to be having trouble contacting Twitter Support Wikipedia A portion of the proceeds from advertising on Digplanet goes to supporting Wikipedia. Please add your support for Wikipedia! Searchlight Group Digplanet also receives support from Searchlight Group. Visit Searchlight Copyright © 2009-2016 Digparty. All rights reserved. Matlock, Derbyshire | Familypedia | Fandom powered by Wikia List of places: UK • England • Derbyshire Matlock is the county town of Derbyshire , England. It is situated at the south eastern edge of the Peak District . The town is twinned with the French town Eaubonne . The former spa resort Matlock Bath lies immediately south of the town on the A6 . The civil parish of Matlock Town had a population in the 2011 UK census of 9,543.

[1] The population of the wider Matlock urban area is approximately 20,000 (including Darley Dale , Tansley , Hackney and Matlock Bath). The Matlock area is considered to include Wirksworth , owing to the close proximity of the towns. This would bring the area's population closer to 30,000. Matlock is nine miles (14 km) south-west of Chesterfield , and in easy reach of the cities of Derby (19 miles), Sheffield (20 miles), and Nottingham (29 miles); the Greater Manchester conurbation is 30 miles away. Matlock is within the Derbyshire Dales district, which also includes the towns of Bakewell and Ashbourne , as well as Wirksworth. The headquarters of Derbyshire County Council are in the town. Contents A former spa town , Matlock (from the Old English for Moot Oak [2] ) lies on the River Derwent , and has prospered from both the hydrotherapy industry and the cloth mills constructed on the river and its tributary Bentley Brook .

It was an unimportant collection of small villages in the Wirksworth Hundred — Matlock Town, Matlock Green, Matlock Bridge, Matlock Bank — until thermal springs were discovered in 1698. [3] The population increased rapidly in the 1800s, largely because of the popular hydros which were being built. [4] At one stage there were around twenty hydros, mostly on Matlock Bank, the largest built in 1853 by John Smedley . [3] [4] This closed in 1955, [4] and re-opened in 1956 [5] as the headquarters of the Derbyshire County Council . Matlock is also home to the Derbyshire Dales District Council as well as Matlock Town council . Governance Edit Matlock has a town council (the urban equivent of a rural parish council) which is the lowest tier of local government. The Council meets twice a month. There are 11 Councillors who cover the area and 9 members of staff.

Matlock Town Council's jurisdiction extends covers the Town Centre, Matlock Bank, Hurst Farm, Matlock Green, Matlock Town, Starkholmes and Riber. [6] The second tier of local government is Derbyshire Dales District Council which covers almost a third of the mainly rural parts of the County, including the towns of Matlock, Ashbourne, Bakewell, Wirksworth and Darley Dale and over 100 villages. The Council has 39 District Councillors elected in 25 wards. Matlock is represented by 6 councillors in the two wards Matlock All Saints and Matlock St Giles. [7] The top tier of local government is Derbyshire County Council that has responsibilities for the whole of Derbyshire apart from the City of Derby. Matlock is represented by one county councillor (out of 64 councillors in total). [8] The main offices of all three tiers of local government are sited in Matlock. The Town Council is situated in the Imperial Rooms close to the bottom of Bank Road, the District Council is half way up Bank Road and the County Council is at the top.

As regards national democracy, Matlock forms part of the Derbyshire Dales (UK Parliament constituency) . The MP currently (2015) is Patrick McLoughlin . He has held the seat for the Conservative Party since 1986. Geography Edit Specimen of Matlockite in the Mineralogical Museum, Bonn The geology of the Matlock area is extremely complex. Broadly speaking, the Derwent valley bottom forms a boundary between the sandstones and gritstones to the NE and the limestones to the SW. There are igneous intrusions into the limestones to the SW. [9] This geology has been exploited by the quarrying and mining industries. The sandstones and gritstones have been quarried as building materials (e.g. at Bentley Brook Quarries) and the limestones for building materials and the manufacture of lime (e.g. at Harvey Dale Quarries). The igneous intrusions gave rise to valuable minerals which have been mined (e.g. in the Bonsall area), particularly for lead.

[10] A very rare lead halide mineral called Matlockite was first discovered at nearby Bage Mine in the early 1800s, and is named after the town. [11] The route of the River Derwent downstream (south) of Matlock is especially interesting to geologists in that it appears to have cut its way through a limestone gorge below High Tor (120m above river level), rather than follow the "simpler" way to the east. It is thought that landslips and/or glaciation may have had an influence over how the present route of the river was established. [12] Nearby places Edit Matlock taken from Matlock Bridge - looking up the hill of Bank Road across Crown Square (prior to bridge one way system). In 1893, Matlock Cable Tramway , a cable tramway was built up Bank Road from Crown Square at Matlock Bridge to Wellington Street (at the top of Bank Road) with a stop halfway up at Smedley Street where Smedley's Hydro (built by John Smedley ) was situated.

Conceived by Job Smith, the tram was inspired by San Francisco's famous cable cars, and cost £20,000. When it was built it was the steepest tramway in the world at a gradient of 1 in 5½, and it rose 300 feet (91 m). The fare was tuppence up, penny down. It closed in 1927 [4] after losing business to cars and buses . Railways Edit Bank Road runs from Crown Square up Matlock Bank, a steep hill which gives the road its name, to Wellington Street. Although many consider the whole incline to be Bank Road, just over halfway up beyond Smedley Street the road is called Rutland Street. Bank Road has many local landmark buildings along it - from the bottom of the hill (Crown Square) travelling north: Crown Buildings The Crown Hotel - the original site of the hotel which gave its name to Crown Square is now a building society office. This was built prior to 1899. [15] The Crown is now a Wetherspoon's pub just along Bakewell Road.

Crown Buildings, opposite the original Crown Hotel at the bottom of Bank Road, was built in 1889 [15] and currently houses a cafe on its ground floor. Post Office and Sorting Office. These were built prior to 1922. [15] Police Station - built after the second world war. [4] Town Hall Derbyshire Dales District Council Offices. Formerly Bridge Hall, then a hydro called Bridge House (established by 1861). In 1894 the Matlock Urban District Council bought Bridge House hydro for use as the Town Hall and added a large wing in the Italianate style to house an assembly room etc. It was reopened in 1898 and also housed most local authority undertakings, magistrates courts, etc. [16] Following local government reorganisation in 1974, the Town Hall became the headquarters of West Derbyshire District Council (which later changed its name to Derbyshire Dales District Council). To enable the District Council to centralise its several offices spread over the district, the Town Hall was substantially extended in 1979. Our Lady & St.

Joseph's Catholic Church - built in 1883 with a presbytery added in 1896. The church was described as a ‘mission’, established under St Mary’s of Derby. A church hall was built alongside in the 1990s. [16] Old Methodist Church above Old Sunday School Youth Hostel - a YHA youth hostel - Built in 1882 as Smedley Memorial Hospital. There is a later (Hunter) wing with a datestone of 1897 set further back from the road. The Youth Hostel opened in 1983 and closed on 30 September 2007. [16] Matlock Methodist & United Reformed Church - originally Matlock Wesleyan Chapel, and later the Trinity Methodist Church. The church was designed by C.O. Ellison of Liverpool, with additions designed by Horace G. Bradley. The neo-gothic church was originally built in 1882 without the slender steeple, which is now a landmark feature reaching above the roofs of neighbouring buildings, and, from higher levels, an elegant feature against the backdrop of the hills beyond.

The Manse was built at the west of the site, fronting New Street. [16] Old Sunday School which is now a B&B . Old Methodist Church - the Primitive Methodist congregation was founded in 1838, although the current church on Bank Road, opposite the entrance to County Hall, was rebuilt in 1856 and the adjacent School Room below was added in 1878. [16] Until recently, the Old Methodist Church housed the Matlock Wurlitzer . [17] County Hall with Winter Gardens in foreground County Hall - formerly Smedley’s Hydro , is a grade II listed building which dominates Matlock Bank. The earliest (western) section seen today was built in c. 1867 by Smedley. Much of today's building was added after Smedley’s death in 1874. The first phase, in 1881, included the entrance hall and staircase, now in the middle section. In 1886, the eastern section was added by architect George Statham of Nottingham. Later extensions include the tall chimney, impressive for its height on the already prominent site, along with boiler house and bath in 1894.

The domed glass Winter Gardens, which housed a ballroom, and the northern block on the other side of Smedley Street were added in 1901. The northern block was linked by the unusual two storey bridge over Smedley Street. [16] The Gate and, across Bank Road, County Hall The hydro closed in 1955 and re-opened in 1956 as “County Offices”, when Derbyshire County Council moved its headquarters from St Mary’s Gate in Derby. Its name was changed to "County Hall", during the 1990s. Part of the County Hall complex is seen in Women in Love , Ken Russell 's Oscar-winning 1969 film . As the Brangwen sisters walk out of their house (in reality No. 80, New Street) near the beginning of the film they are seen walking towards Bank Road. Smedley Street traverses Bank Road. It has its own parade of shops and a post office (now closed). The east end of Smedley Street (known as Smedley Street East) is home to Laser Rail, a designer and manufacturer of rail measurement equipment now incorporated into Balfour Beatty 's rail division.

Rutland Court The Gate public house - There were known to have been numerous public houses on Matlock Bank, thought to have been the result of the ban on alcohol consumption within the hydros themselves, especially at Smedley’s. The whereabouts of many is no longer known. The Gate (dated 1869) was one of these, and still stands on the corner of Smedley Street and Bank Road, opposite Smedley's. [16] It now functions as an arts venue known as Designate at the Gate. [18] NB. Beyond Smedley Street, Bank Road is actually Rutland Street. Old tram depot, Bank Road (technically Rutland Street) Rutland Court - the former Matlock House Hydro stands prominently on the east side of Rutland Street. The hydro was built in 1863 and an engraving of 1870 shows that the main block, at least that which is visible from the roadside today, is largely unaltered. [16] Elmtree House - a former hydro, now 70-74 Rutland Street, was opened in 1862.

It is located just to the north of the dominant Matlock House (now Rutland Court). [16] The Old Tram Depot which is now a garage and car repair centre. Rockside Hydro Rockside Hydro - an imposing building with views across Matlock, is a grade II listed building, on higher ground above Smedley's and is distinctive for its two octagonal corner turrets with conical roofs topped by lanterns. Rockside was built circa 1860, but extended significantly by the firm of architects Parker and Unwin between 1901 and 1905, The building was also extended later in 1923 and 1928. An upper floor glazed conservatory with a glazed curved roof was added in c. 1923, and a block was added on Cavendish Road in 1928. [16] It probably is not so well known that during the Second World War, Rockside Hall was used as an RAF psychiatric hospital, where mentally-scarred service personnel (mostly aircrew) were rehabilitated. It was somewhat unkindly known as "Hatters Castle" by locals.

[19] The building became a hall of residence to Matlock College of Further Education in 1950 but following closure, stood empty and derelict for many years but has recently been renovated and converted into apartments. Large sections have been replaced, including the Cavendish Road block and the curved conservatory roof. Dale Road Edit Dale Road runs all the way from Matlock Bridge (road bridge over the River Derwent) to North Parade in Matlock Bath . It forms part of the Derby to Manchester road (A6) and has very many bends. Dale Road, like Bank Road (see previous section), contains a large number of examples of Victorian architecture, although only four are listed by English Heritage. However all buildings on Dale Road are included in two conservation areas created by Derbyshire Dales District Council. These conservation areas are called "Matlock Bridge" (from the bridge over the Derwent to the railway bridge over Dale Road), then "Matlock Dale" to the outskirts of Matlock Bath. [15] [20] In this section, the main features of Dale Road are described, starting at Matlock Bridge and then proceeding in a southerly direction until the High Tor Hotel.

Railway Station and Station House - The railway station and the nearby station house were both designed by Joseph Paxton around 1850, as part of the building of the Midland Railway's Derby to Buxton route. The station house, being largely unaltered since being built, is listed Grade II by English Heritage, but the station itself is unlisted. [21] Matlock Bridge - This is the road crossing of the River Derwent. The first stone bridge was constructed over or close to the site of a ford in the mid 13th century. It was only a single carriageway in width and remained so for 550 years. In the 1890s there were discussions regarding the need for a wider bridge to be able to cope with the increasing road traffic. A new bridge was proposed which would have involved the demolition of the existing. However, a decision was taken to double the width of the existing bridge. This work was undertaken in 1903-4. The bridge was made one-way to vehicular traffic at time of building of the access road to the superstore in Cawdor Quarry in 2007.

The bridge is listed as Grade II* by English Heritage. [15] HSBC Bank NatWest Bank Market Hall with Queens Head beyond RBS Bank - There is a pedestrian access to this bank from Dale Road, although its postal address is Snitterton Road. This a building that has seen several changes of occupancy. In recent times, it has been offices for the Derbyshire Stone Company, then bank premises for William Deacons, then Williams & Glyn, then Royal Bank of Scotland (RBS). This stone building was originally built in the late 18th century and is listed as Grade II by English Heritage. [22] Queens Head Inn - The building currently on the corner of the junction of Holt Lane with Dale Road dates from the late 19th century. At that time it was the Queens Head Inn, although it has now been converted to shops. Along with the Market Hall (see below), this was one of the earliest buildings to be constructed at this (north) end of Dale Road. [15] HSBC Bank - This building is on the east side of Dale Road (No 5) and has an eye-catching clock.

There is a record that Henry Barnwell and his son Harry moved from Birmingham and established a watchmaker and jewellery business there in 1876. Their corner shop became "London City and Midland Bank" which later became just "Midland Bank" which then became HSBC. The HSBC bank closed in June 2015. [15] [23] NatWest Bank - This building is on the east side of Dale Road (No 19). This is one of the few buildings on Dale Road that has a brick frontage (although several that have a stone frontage do use brick for the sides and rear). Market Hall - This building is on the west side of Dale Road (Nos 4,6,8,10) just south of the Queens Head Inn. The Market Hall was constructed in 1867-68 - the ground floor was utilized as a general market house with twelve shop units whilst the upper floor was used for assemblies, public meetings and entertainments. The architectural style chosen for this was that of the then popular Gothic Revival. The building was also an important piece of civic pride, designed to impress and sporting a row of carved heraldic shields across its façade.

The Market Hall is now a row of shops and offices. [15] Olde Englishe Hotel Olde Englishe Hotel - This large building is on the east side of Dale Road (No 77). Its "old English" timber frames, spire-like turrent and corner position give it a striking appearance in a street-scene of predominantly darker-stone buildings. [15] The building closed as a hotel in 2009. Lime - This building is on the east side of Dale Road (No 79) and complements the Olde Englishe Hotel which it faces across the road junction. It has a distinctive cupola above its entrance. The building has had a variety of uses, from grocery shop, to antiques sales to hair salon. [24] Evans Jeweller, with Lime and Olde Englishe Hotel beyond Evans Jeweller - Evans Jewellers Shop at Nos 93-95 Dale Road, with its projecting clock, can be regarded as the focal point of that part of the east side of Dale Road between its junctions with Olde Englishe Road and Holt Lane. W.

Evans & Son has traded from these premises ever since it was first established in 1893. Holt Terrace with railway bridge to left Holt Terrace - This is a 5-house terrace that looks down on the southern junction of Holt Lane with Dale Road. It is located just north of the railway crossing of Dale Road and the River Derwent. Holt Lane was the "main road" along the valley until the Midland Railway opened in 1849. Soon after then, the Dale Road area was developed and Dale Road relegated Holt Lane to a "side street". [15] John Hadfield House - This is a post-WWII building on the west side of Dale Road immediately south of the railway bridge. It was built in the former Harveydale limestone quarry as the headquarters of Derbyshire Stone Ltd and named after a leading figure in the company. Derbyshire Stone was ultimately absorbed into Tarmac Ltd in 1968, whose Matlock office was subsequently closed. John Hadfield House is now occupied by offices of the Derbyshire County Council. [25] The Boat House - This pub is next to John Hadfield House on the west side of Dale Road.

The pub was built in the early 19th century and is listed Grade II by English Heritage. It takes its name from a small ferry, which once linked Matlock Dale with Matlock Green. The ferry was replaced by a footbridge in 1872. [25] Footbridge to Pic Tor Footbridge to Pic Tor - This footbridge on the east side of Dale Road replaced a ferry at this point in 1872. The present iron bridge, erected in 1922, was refurbished in 2005. The bridge provides access from this part of Dale Road to Starkholmes Road, Pic Tor, High Tor, Hall Leys Park and Matlock Green. [25] Artists Corner Artists Corner - This is a collection of houses in the valley bottom built along the west side of a sharp bend on Dale Road. It has been a favoured spot through the centuries for artists to come to admire the scenery and either draw or paint High Tor, which overlooks it from the south. It is overlooked on the north side by St Johns Road with its Grade II* listed Baptist Chapel .

Artists Corner was also the location of a toll house on the Wirksworth-Moor-to-Longstone Turnpike (opened 1759). [26] [27] High Tor Hotel - This building, squeezed into the valley bottom below High Tor, was built in the early 19th century by Colonel Edward Payne. It was originally known as Tor Cottage and has had a variety of uses since then, including being a private home, lodging house, guest house, hotel and school (Matlock Modern School). As at August 2015, it is called High Tor Hotel and Artists Corner Restaurant and claims to be “a modern boutique hotel offering guests luxury, comfort and style”. [28] [29] Sport Edit Matlock creative and performing arts were enhanced in 2004 when the annual arts festival Matlock Live! began. It takes place in June or July each year featuring local musicians, dancers, artists, etc. The local secondary school , Highfields School , achieved status as a Performing Arts College due to its connections with Matlock Live!

As part of the summer event, Matlock Live invites Buskers / Street performers to form a busking trail around Matlock raising money for the charity Aquabox. Matlock Music present a series of public concerts at Highfields School (Upper Lumsdale site). [32] Storytelling is also well represented with a monthly venue at the Imperial Rooms. [33] Education history Edit Ernest Bailey School (now County Council Records Office) The first school in Matlock was founded in 1647 as a free school for local boys, originally funded by local George Spateman of Tansley and from 1668 by Anthony Wolley. [34] This school was rebuilt in 1829 and expanded in 1860 and 1889 and girls first attended in 1816. [34] This school has since been demolished [34] (the date is unknown). Another school, All Saints Primary School was founded in 1875 to provide for the population of the newly developed Matlock Bank. [34] This school still operates and is the biggest primary school in Matlock.

In 1897, a third school, the Council School, was constructed on Matlock Bank, at the junction of Smedley Street and Chesterfield Road. [34] It also still operates as Castle View Primary School. Before Highfields School was founded in 1982, when the tripartite education system in Matlock ended, there were two secondary schools in Matlock; Charles White Secondary Modern School (founded in 1956, and named after two local MPs, father and son , the latter of who died in 1956) and Ernest Bailey's Grammar School (founded in 1924 and named after its wealthy founder). [34] As a Grammar school, Bailey's accepted students whose parents paid or who gained scholarships (by passing the Eleven plus exam ) until fees were phased out, leaving scholarship as the only means of entry. [34] Those who didn't attain a scholarship attended Charles White - it is estimated that Charles White students outnumbered Bailey's students 3:1. [34] White had been built especially by Derbyshire County Council to accommodate the children who couldn't attend Bailey's.

[34] Highfields School 'Lower Site' at Starkholmes , formerly Charles White Secondary Modern The two schools were merged to create Highfields, a comprehensive . The site of Charles White in Starkholmes became the 'lower site' of Highfields for years 7-8, while Bailey's was converted to the county council records offices. A new site was built to house the new 'upper site' at Lumsdale for years 9-13. [34] The town centre development Edit Dale Road (A6) exiting the edge of Matlock Town, showing traditional buildings housing independent shops and businesses before the development ends behind the camera position with the road entering a more-rural aspect running alongside River Derwent in a steep-sided valley leading towards Matlock Bath For over 10 years, the council had proposed to allow a Sainsbury's supermarket to be built in Cawdor Quarry , a disused quarry next to the railway station. In early 2007 building work started, and it opened 4 October 2007.

A new access road with its own bridge over the River Derwent allows the A6 to bypass the town centre, while the old bridge has been restricted to one-way traffic (out of town) and allows pedestrian access to the train station, a newly built bus station and the supermarket from the town centre. [35] Several bus routes continue to serve only the old Bus Station on Bakewell Road, making Matlock one of the smallest towns in Britain to boast two bus stations. There has been a negative image of Matlock Town centre due to the limited retail offer for a town of Matlock's size which was identified in the Matlock Masterplan - a document produced by the district council. There has been a worry that many locals now choose to shop in neighbouring towns due to this perceived problem. The local council had a wider development planned for the future with key development sites on Bakewell Road, Firs Parade and Imperial Road which were identified in 2007 in the masterplan.

In 2010, Crown Square was updated with the replacement of pavements and street furniture intended to provide a new look more appropriate to the conservation area, the old tarmac pavements and traffic island being rebuilt in local sandstone, barriers replaced with heritage bollards and all the street lights replaced. Bakewell Road and Firs Parade were not included in this phase as they are just off Crown Square, and along with Imperial Road they are yet to be redeveloped. Matlock on film and television

Question: Which industrialist born in Wirksworth in 1803 opened Matlock Hydro in 1853?
Answer: John Smedley