What Is Bipolar Disorder? Definition and Facts Continued Who Gets Bipolar Disorder? When someone develops bipolar disorder, it usually starts when they're in late adolescence or young adulthood. Rarely, it can happen earlier in childhood. Bipolar disorder can run in families. Men and women are equally likely to get it. Women are somewhat more likely than men to go through "rapid cycling," which is having four or more distinct mood episodes within a year. Women also tend to spend more time depressed than men with bipolar disorder. Many people with the condition abuse alcohol or other drugs when manic or depressed. People with seasonal depression and certain anxiety disorders , like post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) , are also more likely to have bipolar disorder. What Causes Bipolar Disorder? There is no single cause. Genes, brain changes, and stress can all play a role. Researchers are studying how these factors affect bipolar disorder. How Is Bipolar Disorder Diagnosed? If you or someone you know has symptoms of bipolar disorder , talk to your family doctor or a psychiatrist . They will ask questions about mental illnesses that you, or the person you're concerned about, have had, and any mental illnesses that run in the family. You'll also get a checkup.

Diagnosing bipolar disorder is all about the person's symptoms and determining whether they may be the result of another cause (such as low thyroid , or mood symptoms caused by drug or alcohol abuse). How severe are they? How long have they lasted? How often do they happen? The most telling symptoms are those that involve highs or lows in mood, along with changes in sleep, energy, thinking, and behavior. Talking to close friends and family of the person can often help the doctor distinguish bipolar disorder from major depressive (unipolar) disorder or other psychiatric disorders that can involve changes in mood, thinking, and behavior. What Are the Treatments for Bipolar Disorder? Bipolar disorder can be treated. It's a long-term condition that needs ongoing care. Medication is the main treatment, usually involving "mood stabilizers" such as carbamazepine ( Tegretol ), lamotrigine ( Lamictal ), lithium , or valproate ( Depakote ). Sometimes antipsychotic drugs are also used such as olanzapine ( Zyprexa ), quetiapine ( Seroquel ), lurasidone ( Latuda ) and cariprazine (Vraylar)), as well as antidepressants .

Combinations of medicines are often used. Psychotherapy , or "talk therapy," is often recommended, too. People who have four or more mood episodes in a year, or who also have drug or alcohol problems, can have forms of the illness that are much harder to treat. Continued What is another name for bipolar disorder? A. Yin and Yang Illness B. Aggressive-Depressive Illness C. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Syndrome D. Manic-Depressive Illness You have new items in your feed. Click to view. Question and answer What is another name for bipolar disorder? A. Yin and Yang Illness B. Aggressive-Depressive Illness C. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Syndrome D. Manic-Depressive Illness Another name for bipolar disorder is B. Manic-Depressive Illness. Get an answer What is another name for bipolar disorder? A. Yin and Yang Illness B. Aggressive-Depressive Illness C. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Syndrome D. Manic-Depressive Illness Original conversation User: What is another name for bipolar disorder? A. Yin and Yang Illness B.

Aggressive-Depressive Illness C. Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Syndrome D. Manic-Depressive Illness Weegy: Another name for bipolar disorder is B. Manic-Depressive Illness. User: How long do anxiety disorders last? A. At least one year B. At least six weeks C. At least two years D. At least six months NIMH » Bipolar Disorder Bipolar Disorder Definition Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depressive illness, is a brain disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, energy, activity levels, and the ability to carry out day-to-day tasks. There are four basic types of bipolar disorder; all of them involve clear changes in mood, energy, and activity levels. These moods range from periods of extremely “up,” elated, and energized behavior (known as manic episodes) to very sad, “down,” or hopeless periods (known as depressive episodes). Less severe manic periods are known as hypomanic episodes. Bipolar I Disorder— defined by manic episodes that last at least 7 days, or by manic symptoms that are so severe that the person needs immediate hospital care.

Usually, depressive episodes occur as well, typically lasting at least 2 weeks. Episodes of depression with mixed features (having depression and manic symptoms at the same time) are also possible. Bipolar II Disorder— defined by a pattern of depressive episodes and hypomanic episodes, but not the full-blown manic episodes described above. Cyclothymic Disorder (also called cyclothymia)— defined by numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms as well numerous periods of depressive symptoms lasting for at least 2 years (1 year in children and adolescents). However, the symptoms do not meet the diagnostic requirements for a hypomanic episode and a depressive episode. Other Specified and Unspecified Bipolar and Related Disorders— defined by bipolar disorder symptoms that do not match the three categories listed above. Signs and Symptoms People with bipolar disorder experience periods of unusually intense emotion, changes in sleep patterns and activity levels, and unusual behaviors. These distinct periods are called “mood episodes.” Mood episodes are drastically different from the moods and behaviors that are typical for the person. Extreme changes in energy, activity, and sleep go along with mood episodes.

People having a manic episode may: People having a depressive episode may: Feel very “up,” “high,” or elated Have a lot of energy Have increased activity levels Eat too much or too little Feel tired or “slowed down” Think about death or suicide Sometimes a mood episode includes symptoms of both manic and depressive symptoms. This is called an episode with mixed features. People experiencing an episode with mixed features may feel very sad, empty, or hopeless, while at the same time feeling extremely energized. Bipolar disorder can be present even when mood swings are less extreme. For example, some people with bipolar disorder experience hypomania, a less severe form of mania. During a hypomanic episode, an individual may feel very good, be highly productive, and function well. The person may not feel that anything is wrong, but family and friends may recognize the mood swings and/or changes in activity levels as possible bipolar disorder. Without proper treatment, people with hypomania may develop severe mania or depression. Diagnosis Proper diagnosis and treatment help people with bipolar disorder lead healthy and productive lives. Talking with a doctor or other licensed mental health professional is the first step for anyone who thinks he or she may have bipolar disorder.

The doctor can complete a physical exam to rule out other conditions. If the problems are not caused by other illnesses, the doctor may conduct a mental health evaluation or provide a referral to a trained mental health professional, such as a psychiatrist, who is experienced in diagnosing and treating bipolar disorder. Note for Health Care Providers: People with bipolar disorder are more likely to seek help when they are depressed than when experiencing mania or hypomania. Therefore, a careful medical history is needed to ensure that bipolar disorder is not mistakenly diagnosed as major depression. Unlike people with bipolar disorder, people who have depression only (also called unipolar depression) do not experience mania. They may, however, experience some manic symptoms at the same time, which is also known as major depressive disorder with mixed features. Bipolar Disorder and Other Illnesses Some bipolar disorder symptoms are similar to other illnesses, which can make it hard for a doctor to make a diagnosis. In addition, many people have bipolar disorder along with another illness such as anxiety disorder, substance abuse, or an eating disorder. People with bipolar disorder are also at higher risk for thyroid disease, migraine headaches, heart disease, diabetes, obesity, and other physical illnesses.

Psychosis: Sometimes, a person with severe episodes of mania or depression also has psychotic symptoms , such as hallucinations or delusions. The psychotic symptoms tend to match the person’s extreme mood. For example: Someone having psychotic symptoms during a manic episode may believe she is famous, has a lot of money, or has special powers. Someone having psychotic symptoms during a depressive episode may believe he is ruined and penniless, or that he has committed a crime. As a result, people with bipolar disorder who also have psychotic symptoms are sometimes misdiagnosed with schizophrenia. Anxiety and ADHD: Anxiety disorders and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are often diagnosed among people with bipolar disorder. Substance Abuse: People with bipolar disorder may also misuse alcohol or drugs, have relationship problems, or perform poorly in school or at work. Family, friends and people experiencing symptoms may not recognize these problems as signs of a major mental illness such as bipolar disorder. Risk Factors Scientists are studying the possible causes of bipolar disorder. Most agree that there is no single cause. Instead, it is likely that many factors contribute to the illness or increase risk.

Brain Structure and Functioning: Some studies show how the brains of people with bipolar disorder may differ from the brains of healthy people or people with other mental disorders. Learning more about these differences, along with new information from genetic studies, helps scientists better understand bipolar disorder and predict which types of treatment will work most effectively. Genetics: Some research suggests that people with certain genes are more likely to develop bipolar disorder than others. But genes are not the only risk factor for bipolar disorder. Studies of identical twins have shown that even if one twin develops bipolar disorder, the other twin does not always develop the disorder, despite the fact that identical twins share all of the same genes. Family History: Bipolar disorder tends to run in families. Children with a parent or sibling who has bipolar disorder are much more likely to develop the illness, compared with children who do not have a family history of the disorder. However, it is important to note that most people with a family history of bipolar disorder will not develop the illness. Treatments and Therapies Treatment helps many people—even those with the most severe forms of bipolar disorder—gain better control of their mood swings and other bipolar symptoms. An effective treatment plan usually includes a combination of medication and psychotherapy (also called “talk therapy”).

Bipolar disorder is a lifelong illness. Episodes of mania and depression typically come back over time. Between episodes, many people with bipolar disorder are free of mood changes, but some people may have lingering symptoms. Long-term, continuous treatment helps to control these symptoms. Medications Different types of medications can help control symptoms of bipolar disorder. An individual may need to try several different medications before finding ones that work best. Medications generally used to treat bipolar disorder include: Mood stabilizers Antidepressants Anyone taking a medication should: Talk with a doctor or a pharmacist to understand the risks and benefits of the medication Report any concerns about side effects to a doctor right away. The doctor may need to change the dose or try a different medication. Avoid stopping a medication without talking to a doctor first. Suddenly stopping a medication may lead to “rebound” or worsening of bipolar disorder symptoms. Other uncomfortable or potentially dangerous withdrawal effects are also possible. Report serious side effects to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) MedWatch Adverse Event Reporting program online at or by phone at 1-800-332-1088. Clients and doctors may send reports.

For basic information about medications, visit the NIMH Mental Health Medications webpage. For the most up-to-date information on medications, side effects, and warnings, visit the FDA website . Psychotherapy When done in combination with medication, psychotherapy (also called “talk therapy”) can be an effective treatment for bipolar disorder. It can provide support, education, and guidance to people with bipolar disorder and their families. Some psychotherapy treatments used to treat bipolar disorder include: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) Interpersonal and social rhythm therapy Psychoeducation Visit the NIMH Psychotherapies webpage to learn about the various types of psychotherapies. Other Treatment Options Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) : ECT can provide relief for people with severe bipolar disorder who have not been able to recover with other treatments. Sometimes ECT is used for bipolar symptoms when other medical conditions, including pregnancy, make taking medications too risky. ECT may cause some short-term side effects, including confusion, disorientation, and memory loss. People with bipolar disorder should discuss possible benefits and risks of ECT with a qualified health professional. Sleep Medications: People with bipolar disorder who have trouble sleeping usually find that treatment is helpful.

However, if sleeplessness does not improve, a doctor may suggest a change in medications. If the problem continues, the doctor may prescribe sedatives or other sleep medications. Supplements: Not much research has been conducted on herbal or natural supplements and how they may affect bipolar disorder. It is important for a doctor to know about all prescription drugs, over-the-counter medications, and supplements a client is taking. Certain medications and supplements taken together may cause unwanted or dangerous effects. Keeping a Life Chart: Even with proper treatment, mood changes can occur. Treatment is more effective when a client and doctor work closely together and talk openly about concerns and choices. Keeping a life chart that records daily mood symptoms, treatments, sleep patterns, and life events can help clients and doctors track and treat bipolar disorder most effectively. Finding Treatment A family doctor is a good resource and can be the first stop in searching for help. For general information on mental health and to find local treatment services, call the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) Treatment Referral Helpline at 1-800-662-HELP (4357).

The SAMHSA website has a Behavioral Health Treatment Services Locator that can search for treatment information by address, city, or ZIP code. Visit the NIMH’s Help for Mental Illnesses webpage for more information and resources. For Immediate Help If You Are in Crisis: Call the toll-free National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-TALK (8255), available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The service is available to anyone. All calls are confidential. If you are thinking about harming yourself or thinking about suicide: Tell someone who can help right away Call your licensed mental health professional if you are already working with one Call your doctor Go to the nearest hospital emergency department If a loved one is considering suicide: Do not leave him or her alone Try to get your loved one to seek immediate help from a doctor or the nearest hospital emergency room, or call 911 Remove access to firearms or other potential tools for suicide, including medications Join a Study Clinical trials are research studies that look at new ways to prevent, detect, or treat diseases and conditions, including bipolar disorder.

During clinical trials, treatments might be new drugs or new combinations of drugs, new surgical procedures or devices, or new ways to use existing treatments. The goal of clinical trials is to determine if a new test or treatment works and is safe. Although individual participants may benefit from being part of a clinical trial, participants should be aware that the primary purpose of a clinical trial is to gain new scientific knowledge so that others may be better helped in the future. Please Note: Decisions about whether to participate in a clinical trial, and which ones are best suited for a given individual, are best made in collaboration with your licensed health professional. How Do I Find Clinical Trials at NIMH/NIH? Scientists at NIMH study many subjects including cognition, genetics, epidemiology, and psychiatry. The studies take place at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Clinical Center in Bethesda, Maryland, and require regular visits. After the initial phone interview, participants come to an appointment at the clinic and meet with a clinician. Visit Join a Study: Bipolar Disorder – Adults or Join a Study: Bipolar Disorder – Children for more information. How Do I Find a Clinical Trial Near Me?

To find a clinical trial anywhere in the world, visit ClinicalTrials.gov . This is a searchable database of federally and privately supported clinical trials conducted in the United States and around the globe. ClinicalTrials.gov has information about a trial’s purpose, who may participate, locations, and phone numbers for more details. Anyone interested in joining a clinical trial should consult a health professional before making a commitment. Learn More Free Booklets and Brochures Bipolar Disorder: A brochure on bipolar disorderthat offers basic information on signs and symptoms, treatment, and finding help. Also available en Español . Bipolar Disorder in Children and Teens: A brochure on bipolar disorder in children and teens that offers basic information on signs and symptoms, treatment, and finding help. Also available en Español . Research and Clinical Trials What is another word for 'bipolar disorder'? What is another word for 'bipolar disorder'? What's another word for 'bipolar disorder'? Here's a list of synonyms for this word. Noun Bipolar Disorder Signs and Symptoms: Recognizing and Controlling Bipolar Symptoms Bipolar Disorder Signs and Symptoms Recognizing and Controlling Bipolar Symptoms We all have our ups and downs, but with bipolar disorder, these peaks and valleys are more severe.

The symptoms of bipolar disorder can hurt your job and school performance, damage your relationships, and disrupt your daily life. And although it’s treatable, many people don’t recognize the warning signs and get the help they need to feel well and do well. Since bipolar disorder tends to worsen without treatment, it’s important to learn what the symptoms look like. Recognizing the problem is the first step to getting better. What you can do Gain hope by separating the myths from the facts about bipolar disorder Recognize the signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder Understand how your life style choices may be contributing to bipolar disorder Learn about things that you can do to help yourself Take suicidal feelings seriously and do something immediately about them Learn more about bipolar disorder by reading the related articles What is bipolar disorder? Bipolar disorder (also known as manic depression) causes serious shifts in mood, energy, thinking, and behavior—from the highs of mania on one extreme, to the lows of depression on the other. More than just a fleeting good or bad mood, the cycles of bipolar disorder last for days, weeks, or months. And unlike ordinary mood swings, the mood changes of bipolar disorder are so intense that they interfere with your ability to function.

During a manic episode, a person might impulsively quit a job, charge up huge amounts on credit cards, or feel rested after sleeping two hours. During a depressive episode, the same person might be too tired to get out of bed, and full of self-loathing and hopelessness over being unemployed and in debt. The causes of bipolar disorder aren’t completely understood, but it often appears to be hereditary. The first manic or depressive episode of bipolar disorder usually occurs in the teenage years or early adulthood. The symptoms can be subtle and confusing; many people with bipolar disorder are overlooked or misdiagnosed—resulting in unnecessary suffering. But with proper treatment and support, you can lead a rich and fulfilling life. Myths and facts about bipolar disorder Myth: People with bipolar disorder can’t get better or lead a normal life. Fact: Many people with bipolar disorder have successful careers, happy family lives, and satisfying relationships. Living with bipolar disorder is challenging, but with treatment, healthy coping skills, and a solid support system, you can live fully while managing your symptoms. Myth: People with bipolar disorder swing back and forth between mania and depression.

Fact: Some people alternate between extreme episodes of mania and depression, but most are depressed more often than they are manic. Mania may also be so mild that it goes unrecognized. People with bipolar disorder can also go for long stretches without symptoms. Myth: Bipolar disorder only affects mood. Fact: Bipolar disorder also affects your energy level, judgment, memory, concentration, appetite, sleep patterns, sex drive, and self-esteem. Additionally, bipolar disorder has been linked to anxiety, substance abuse, and health problems such as diabetes, heart disease, migraines, and high blood pressure. Myth: Aside from taking medication, there is nothing you can do to control bipolar disorder. Fact: While medication is the foundation of bipolar disorder treatment, therapy and self-help strategies also play important roles. You can help control your symptoms by exercising regularly, getting enough sleep, eating right, monitoring your moods, keeping stress to a minimum, and surrounding yourself with supportive people. Signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder Bipolar disorder can look very different in different people. The symptoms vary widely in their pattern, severity, and frequency. Some people are more prone to either mania or depression, while others alternate equally between the two types of episodes.

Some have frequent mood disruptions, while others experience only a few over a lifetime. There are four types of mood episodes in bipolar disorder: mania, hypomania, depression, and mixed episodes. Each type of bipolar disorder mood episode has a unique set of symptoms. Mania In the manic phase of bipolar disorder, feelings of heightened energy, creativity, and euphoria are common. People experiencing a manic episode often talk a mile a minute, sleep very little, and are hyperactive. They may also feel like they’re all-powerful, invincible, or destined for greatness. But while mania feels good at first, it has a tendency to spiral out of control. People often behave recklessly during a manic episode: gambling away savings, engaging in inappropriate sexual activity, or making foolish business investments, for example. They may also become angry, irritable, and aggressive—picking fights, lashing out when others don’t go along with their plans, and blaming anyone who criticizes their behavior. Some people even become delusional or start hearing voices. Hypomania symptoms Hypomania is a less severe form of mania.

People in a hypomanic state feel euphoric, energetic, and productive, but they are able to carry on with their day-to-day lives and they never lose touch with reality. To others, it may seem as if people with hypomania are merely in an unusually good mood. However, hypomania can result in bad decisions that harm relationships, careers, and reputations. In addition, hypomania often escalates to full-blown mania or is followed by a major depressive episode. Common signs and symptoms of mania include: Feeling unusually “high” and optimistic OR extremely irritable Unrealistic, grandiose beliefs about one’s abilities or powers Sleeping very little, but feeling extremely energetic Talking so rapidly that others can’t keep up Racing thoughts; jumping quickly from one idea to the next Highly distractible, unable to concentrate Impaired judgment and impulsiveness Acting recklessly without thinking about the consequences Delusions and hallucinations (in severe cases) Symptoms of bipolar depression In the past, bipolar depression was lumped in with regular depression, but a growing body of research suggests that there are significant differences between the two, especially when it comes to recommended treatments. Most people with bipolar depression are not helped by antidepressants.

In fact, there is a risk that antidepressants can make bipolar disorder worse—triggering mania or hypomania, causing rapid cycling between mood states, or interfering with other mood stabilizing drugs. Despite many similarities, certain symptoms are more common in bipolar depression than in regular depression. For example, bipolar depression is more likely to involve irritability, guilt, unpredictable mood swings, and feelings of restlessness. People with bipolar depression also tend to move and speak slowly, sleep a lot, and gain weight. In addition, they are more likely to develop psychotic depression—a condition in which they’ve lost contact with reality—and to experience major disability in work and social functioning. Common symptoms of bipolar depression include: Feeling hopeless, sad, or empty Irritability Fatigue or loss of energy Physical and mental sluggishness Feelings of worthlessness or guilt Thoughts of death or suicide Symptoms of a mixed episode A mixed episode of bipolar disorder features symptoms of both mania or hypomania and depression. Common signs of a mixed episode include depression combined with agitation, irritability, anxiety, insomnia, distractibility, and racing thoughts. This combination of high energy and low mood makes for a particularly high risk of suicide.

The different faces of bipolar disorder Bipolar I Disorder (mania or a mixed episode) – This is the classic manic-depressive form of the illness, characterized by at least one manic episode or mixed episode. Usually—but not always—Bipolar I Disorder also involves at least one episode of depression. Bipolar II Disorder (hypomania and depression) – In Bipolar II disorder, the person doesn’t experience full-blown manic episodes. Instead, the illness involves episodes of hypomania and severe depression. Cyclothymia (hypomania and mild depression) – Cyclothymia is a milder form of bipolar disorder that consists of cyclical mood swings. However, the symptoms are less severe than full-blown mania or depression. Treatment for bipolar disorder If you spot the symptoms of bipolar depression in yourself or someone else, don’t wait to get help. Ignoring the problem won’t make it go away; in fact, it will almost certainly get worse. Living with untreated bipolar disorder can lead to problems in everything from your career to your relationships to your health. Diagnosing the problem as early as possible and getting into treatment can help prevent these complications.

If you’re reluctant to seek treatment because you like the way you feel when you’re manic, remember that the energy and euphoria come with a price. Mania and hypomania often turn destructive, hurting you and the people around you. Treatment basics Bipolar disorder requires long-term treatment. Since bipolar disorder is a chronic, relapsing illness, it’s important to continue treatment even when you’re feeling better. Most people with bipolar disorder need medication to prevent new episodes and stay symptom-free. There is more to treatment than medication. Medication alone is usually not enough to fully control the symptoms of bipolar disorder. The most effective treatment strategy for bipolar disorder involves a combination of medication, therapy, lifestyle changes, and social support. It’s best to work with an experienced psychiatrist. Bipolar disorder is a complex condition. Diagnosis can be tricky and treatment is often difficult. For safety reasons, medication should be closely monitored. A psychiatrist who is skilled in bipolar disorder treatment can help you navigate these twists and turns. Self-help While dealing with bipolar disorder isn’t always easy, it doesn’t have to run your life. But in order to successfully manage bipolar disorder, you have to make smart choices.

Your lifestyle and daily habits have a significant impact on your moods and may even lessen your need for medication. The keys to self-help Get educated. Learn as much as you can about bipolar disorder. The more you know, the better you’ll be at assisting your own recovery. Get moving. exercise has a beneficial impact on mood and may reduce the number of bipolar episodes you experience. Aerobic exercise that activates arm and leg movement such as running, walking, swimming, dancing, climbing or drumming may be especially beneficial to your brain and nervous system. Keep stress in check. Avoid high-stress situations, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and try relaxation techniques such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing. Seek support. It’s important to have people you can turn to for help and encouragement. Try joining a support group or talking to a trusted friend. Reaching out is not a sign of weakness and it won’t mean you’re a burden to others. In fact, most friends will be flattered that you trust them enough to confide in them, and it will only strengthen your relationship. Stay closely connected to friends and family.

Nothing is as calming to the nervous system as face-to-face contact with caring supportive people who can just listen to you talk about what you're experiencing. Make healthy choices. Healthy sleeping and eating habits can help stabilize your moods. Keeping a regular sleep schedule is particularly important. Monitor your moods. Keep track of your symptoms and watch for signs that your moods are swinging out of control so you can stop the problem before it starts. Bipolar disorder and suicide The depressive phase of bipolar disorder is often very severe, and suicide is a major risk factor. In fact, people suffering from bipolar disorder are more likely to attempt suicide than those suffering from regular depression. Furthermore, their suicide attempts tend to be more lethal. The risk of suicide is even higher in people with bipolar disorder who have frequent depressive episodes, mixed episodes, a history of alcohol or drug abuse, a family history of suicide, or an early onset of the disease. The warning signs of suicide include: Talking about death, self-harm, or suicide Feeling hopeless or helpless Resources and references General information about bipolar disorder Bipolar Disorder – Article on the symptoms, causes, and treatment of bipolar disorder, or manic depression.

(National Institute of Mental Health) Treatment of Bipolar Disorder: A Guide for Patients and Families (PDF) – Gives a helpful overview of the signs, symptoms, causes, and treatment of bipolar disorder. (PsychGuides) Signs and symptoms Bipolar I Disorder – Covers the symptoms and diagnostic criteria for Bipolar I Disorder, including the signs of individual mood episodes of hypomania, mania, and depression. (Internet Mental Health) Bipolar Disorder: Rapid Cycling and its Treatment – Includes information on the signs, symptoms, and causes of rapid cycling in bipolar disorder. (Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance) Bipolar disorder and suicide prevention National Suicide Prevention Lifeline – Suicide prevention telephone hotline funded by the U.S. government. Provides free, 24-hour assistance. 1-800-273-TALK (8255). IASP – Find crisis centers and suicide helplines around the world. (International Association for Suicide Prevention). Samaritans UK – 24-hour suicide support for people in the UK and Republic of Ireland (call 116 123).

(Samaritans) Lifeline Australia – 24-hour suicide crisis support service at 13 11 14. (Lifeline Australia) Crisis Centers in Canada – Locate suicide crisis centers in Canada by province. (Canadian Association for Suicide Prevention) Understanding Suicidal Thinking – Learn how to fight suicidal thoughts, help someone else who is suicidal, and respond to an emergency situation. (Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance) Causes of bipolar disorder What Causes Bipolar Disorder? (PDF) – Describes how an interaction between genetic vulnerability, biological vulnerability, and life stress causes bipolar disorder. (Centre for Clinical Interventions) From our readers: “I was diagnosed with unipolar depression at age 19, and took various antidepressants until age 26 with no success. I was then hospitalized and diagnosed as a mixed episode, rapid cycling bipolar, with no idea of what that meant. This website took the doctor-speak of my illness and made it understandable to me [so] I can take better care of myself.” ~ Arizona “Thank you for your informative article. I have been struggling for years with misdiagnosis of my symptoms.

I'm so grateful that I don't have to live this way the rest of my life. This fits my symptoms perfectly.” ~ North Carolina Was this article helpful? Why Did "Manic Depression" Become "Bipolar Disorder?" Why was the term manic depression changed to bipolar disorder? History of Manic Depression First, the phrase " manic depression " has its origins rooted in ancient Greece, where the term was used as early as the first century to describe symptoms of mental illness. In her book Bipolar Expeditions: Mania and Depression in American Culture, author Emily Martin writes, "The Greeks believed that mental derangement could involve imbalance among the humors, as when melancholy, heated by the fluxes of the blood, became its opposite, mania." In the late 1800s, Jean-Pierre Falret, a French psychiatrist, identified "folie circulaire," or circular insanity, manic and melancholic episodes that were separated by periods that were free of symptoms. It is through his work that the term manic-depressive psychosis became the name of this psychiatric disorder. It's noteworthy that "psychosis" was included, thus excluding all types of what we know as bipolar disorder that do not include psychotic features .

In 1902, Emil Kraepelin organized and classified what used to be thought of as unitary psychosis into two categories. Manic-depression was the term he used to describe mental illnesses centered in emotional or mood problems. Dementia praecox, literally meaning "premature madness," and later renamed schizophrenia , was his title for mental illnesses derived from thought or cognitive problems. Changing From Using Manic Depression to Bipolar Disorder In the early 1950s, Karl Leonhard introduced the term bipolar to differentiate unipolar depression ( major depressive disorder ) from bipolar depression. In 1980, with the publication of the third edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), the term manic depression was officially changed in the classification system to bipolar disorder. Why Bipolar Disorder Instead of Manic Depression? In the last few decades, the medical profession, and psychiatry specifically, has made a concerted effort to shift the vernacular to the official DSM diagnostic term of bipolar disorder.

There are a number of reasons cited for this shift, including: Manic depression has generally been used to denote a wide array of mental illnesses, and as classification systems have become more sophisticated, the new term of bipolar disorder allows for more clarity in a diagnosis. The terms "manic" and "mania" have been greatly stigmatized. Consider popular phrases such as "Manic Monday," Animanics, homicidal maniac , and the like. Similarly, the term "depression" is used flippantly by the general public for periods of sadness that don't really qualify as clinical depression . Bipolar disorder is more of a clinical term and therefore, less emotionally loaded. Manic depression emphasizes the predominant emotional symptoms, but seems to exclude the physical and/or cognitive symptoms also present. The term manic depression excludes the cyclothymic or hypomanic (bipolar II disorder) versions of the disorder. Types of Bipolar Disorder There are four types of bipolar disorder recognized in DSM-5. They include: Bipolar I disorder. For this type to be diagnosed, you must have manic or mixed episodes lasting at least a week or manic symptoms that were severe enough that you needed to be hospitalized. Depressive episodes are often present too.

Bipolar II disorder. Hypomanic , or depressive episodes happen in this type, but not manic episodes Cyclothymic disorder or cyclothymia. This type is a milder kind of bipolar and is diagnosed when you've had both hypomanic and milder depressive episodes for at least two years. Bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BP-NOS). In BP-NOS , you have symptoms of bipolar that don't fulfill the criteria necessary for a diagnosis of any of the other three kinds of bipolar and your symptoms are clearly not normal behavior for you. Sources: Stephens, S. (2007). bp History bp Magazine. "Bipolar Disorder." National Institute of Mental Health (2016). Continue Reading What Is Bipolar Disorder/Manic Depression? Guide What Is Bipolar Disorder? Bipolar disorder , also known as manic depressive disorder or manic depression , is a serious mental illness . It's a disorder that can lead to risky behavior, damaged relationships and careers, and even suicidal tendencies if it's not treated. Bipolar disorder is characterized by extreme changes in mood, from mania to depression . Between these mood episodes, a person with bipolar disorder may experience normal moods.

"Manic" describes an increasingly restless, energetic, talkative, reckless, powerful, euphoric period. Lavish spending sprees or impulsive risky sex can occur. Then, at some point, this high-flying mood can spiral into something darker -- irritation, confusion, anger, feeling trapped. " Depression " describes the opposite mood -- sadness, crying, sense of worthlessness, loss of energy, loss of pleasure, sleep problems. But because the pattern of highs and lows varies for each person, bipolar disorder is a complex disorder to diagnose. For some people, mania or depression can last for weeks or months (or rarely, even a year or more). For other people, bipolar disorder takes the form of frequent and more brief mood episodes. Manic periods, experts say, can sometimes be very productive. People going through a manic period can think things are going great. The danger comes, though, when the mania grows worse. Changes can be dramatic and marked by reckless behavior, sexual promiscuity, other personal or work-related risks, and financial irresponsibility. The depressed phases can be equally dangerous. A person may have frequent thoughts of suicide .

If you or someone you know has thoughts of death or suicide, contact a health care professional, loved one, friend, or call 911 immediately. Bipolar disorder is equally difficult for the families of those affected. The condition is one of the most difficult mental illness es for families to accept, according to some experts. When a person is sometimes very productive and then becomes unreasonable or irrational, it may seem more like bad behavior than a sickness. If this rings true -- either for you or a loved one -- the first step in tackling the problem is to see a psychiatrist . Whether it's bipolar disorder or another mood-related problem, effective treatments are available. What's most important is that you recognize the problem and start looking for help. WebMD Medical Reference Reviewed by Joseph Goldberg, MD on September 20, 2016 Sources 10 Subtle Signs of Bipolar Disorder - Health.com 10 Subtle Signs of Bipolar Disorder Health / Bipolar Disorder 10 Subtle Signs of Bipolar Disorder Unsure what qualifies as bipolar symptoms? Here are 10 signs that mood problems may not be due to a quirky or difficult personality, but actually bipolar disorder.

By Tammy Worth View all 1 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Bipolar symptoms When it comes to mental illness, there are plenty of stereotypes. But in reality, mood disorders can be hard to pinpoint—particularly in people with bipolar disorder symptoms. "Chalking it up to moodiness or trouble at work or tiredness is pretty common," says Carrie Bearden, PhD, an associate professor in residence of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and psychology at the David Geffen School of Medical at UCLA. "The disorder varies in severity." Here are 10 signs that mood problems may be due to more than a quirky or difficult personality. 1 of 12 View all 1 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Bipolar symptoms When it comes to mental illness, there are plenty of stereotypes. But in reality, mood disorders can be hard to pinpoint—particularly in people with bipolar disorder symptoms. "Chalking it up to moodiness or trouble at work or tiredness is pretty common," says Carrie Bearden, PhD, an associate professor in residence of psychiatry and behavioral sciences and psychology at the David Geffen School of Medical at UCLA.

"The disorder varies in severity." Here are 10 signs that mood problems may be due to more than a quirky or difficult personality. 1 of 12 View all 2 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Great mood Bipolar disorder is characterized by up-and-down episodes of mania and depression. During a manic phase, some patients can have a total break from reality. But hypomania , which is also a symptom of the disorder, is a high-energy state in which a person feels exuberant but hasn’t lost his or her grip on reality. "Hypomania can be a pretty enjoyable state, really," Dr. Bearden says. A person’s mood can be elevated, they may have a lot of energy and creativity, and they may experience euphoria. This is the "up" side of bipolar disorder that some people with the condition actually enjoy—while it lasts. 2 of 12 View all 3 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Inability to complete tasks Having a house full of half-completed projects is a hallmark of bipolar disorder. People who can harness their energy when they are in a hypomanic phase can be really productive.

Those who can’t often go from task to task, planning grand, unrealistic projects that are never finished before moving on to something else. "They can be quite distractible and may start a million things and never finish them," says Don Malone, MD, the director of the Center for Behavioral Health and chair of the Department of Psychiatry at Cleveland Clinic, in Ohio. 3 of 12 View all 4 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Depression A person who is in a bipolar depressive state is going to look just like someone who has regular depression. "They have the same problems with energy, appetite, sleep, and focus as others who have 'plain old depression,'" Dr. Malone says. Unfortunately, typical antidepressants alone don't work well in patients who are bipolar. They can even make people cycle more frequently, worsening their condition, or send someone into a break-with-reality episode. "Antidepressants can be downright dangerous in people with bipolar because they can send them into mania," he says. 4 of 12 View all 5 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Irritability Some people with this condition suffer from "mixed mania," where they experience symptoms of mania and depression at the same time.

During this state, they are often extremely irritable. Everyone has bad days, which is one reason this kind of bipolarity is much harder to recognize. "We are all irritable or moody sometimes," Dr. Bearden says. "But in people with bipolar disorder it often becomes so severe that it interferes with their relationships—especially if the person is saying, 'I don’t know why I’m so irritable…I can’t control it.'" 5 of 12 View all 6 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Rapid speech Some people are naturally talkative; we all know a motormouth or Chatty Cathy. But "pressured speech" is one of the most common symptoms of bipolar disorder. This kind of speech occurs when someone is really not in a two-way conversation, Dr. Bearden says. The person will talk rapidly and if you try to speak, they will likely just talk over you. They will also sometimes jump around to different topics. "What’s kind of a red flag is when it is atypical for the person to talk like this," doing it only when they are in a manic cycle but not at other times, she says.

6 of 12 View all 7 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Trouble at work People with this disorder often have difficulty in the workplace because so many of their symptoms can interfere with their ability to show up for work, do their job, and interact productively with others. In addition to having problems completing tasks, they may have difficulty sleeping, irritability, and an inflated ego during a manic phase, and depression at other times, which causes excessive sleeping and additional mood problems. A lot of the workplace problems can be interpersonal ones, Dr. Malone says. 7 of 12 View all 8 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Alcohol or drug abuse About 50% of people with bipolar disorder also have a substance abuse problem, particularly alcohol use, Dr. Bearden says. Many people will drink when they are in a manic phase to slow themselves down, and use alcohol to improve their mood when they are depressed. 8 of 12 View all 9 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Erratic behavior When they are in a manic phase, people with bipolar disorder can have an inflated self-esteem. "They feel grandiose and don't consider consequences; everything sounds good to them," Dr. Malone says.

Two of the most common types of behavior that can result from this are spending sprees and unusual sexual behavior. "I have had a number of patients who have had affairs who never would have done that if they weren't in a manic episode…during this episode they exhibited behavior that is not consistent with what they would do normally," he says. 9 of 12 View all 10 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Sleep problems People with this condition often have sleep problems. During a depression phase, they may sleep too much, and feel tired all the time. During a manic phase, they may not sleep enough—but still never feel tired. Even with just a few hours of sleep each night, they may feel great and have lots of energy. Dr. Bearden says staying on a regular sleep schedule is one of the first things she recommends for bipolar patients. 10 of 12 View all 11 of 12 Photo: Getty Images Flight of ideas This symptom may be something that is hard to recognize, but it occurs frequently when someone is in a manic phase. People feel like their mind is racing and that they can't control or slow down their thoughts. This flight of ideas sometimes occurs with pressured speech.

People with bipolar may not recognize or admit that their mind is racing out of control, says Dr. Bearden. 11 of 12 Bipolar disorder Symptoms - Mayo Clinic By Mayo Clinic Staff There are several types of bipolar and related disorders. For each type, the exact symptoms of bipolar disorder can vary from person to person. Bipolar I and bipolar II disorders also have additional specific features that can be added to the diagnosis based on your particular signs and symptoms. Criteria for bipolar disorder The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), published by the American Psychiatric Association, lists criteria for diagnosing bipolar and related disorders. This manual is used by mental health providers to diagnose mental conditions and by insurance companies to reimburse for treatment. Diagnostic criteria for bipolar and related disorders are based on the specific type of disorder: Bipolar I disorder. You've had at least one manic episode. The manic episode may be preceded by or followed by hypomanic or major depressive episodes. Mania symptoms cause significant impairment in your life and may require hospitalization or trigger a break from reality (psychosis). Bipolar II disorder.

You've had at least one major depressive episode lasting at least two weeks and at least one hypomanic episode lasting at least four days, but you've never had a manic episode. Major depressive episodes or the unpredictable changes in mood and behavior can cause distress or difficulty in areas of your life. Cyclothymic disorder. You've had at least two years — or one year in children and teenagers — of numerous periods of hypomania symptoms (less severe than a hypomanic episode) and periods of depressive symptoms (less severe than a major depressive episode). During that time, symptoms occur at least half the time and never go away for more than two months. Symptoms cause significant distress in important areas of your life. Other types. These include, for example, bipolar and related disorder due to another medical condition, such as Cushing's disease, multiple sclerosis or stroke. Another type is called substance and medication-induced bipolar and related disorder. Bipolar II disorder is not a milder form of bipolar I disorder, but a separate diagnosis. While the manic episodes of bipolar I disorder can be severe and dangerous, individuals with bipolar II disorder can be depressed for longer periods, which can cause significant impairment.

Criteria for a manic or hypomanic episode The DSM-5 has specific criteria for the diagnosis of manic and hypomanic episodes: A manic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood that lasts at least one week (or less than a week if hospitalization is necessary). The episode includes persistently increased goal-directed activity or energy. A hypomanic episode is a distinct period of abnormally and persistently elevated, expansive or irritable mood that lasts at least four consecutive days.

For both a manic and a hypomanic episode, during the period of disturbed mood and increased energy, three or more of the following symptoms (four if the mood is only irritable) must be present and represent a noticeable change from your usual behavior: Inflated self-esteem or grandiosity Distractibility Increased goal-directed activity (either socially, at work or school, or sexually) or agitation Doing things that are unusual and that have a high potential for painful consequences — for example, unrestrained buying sprees, sexual indiscretions or foolish business investments To be considered a manic episode: The mood disturbance must be severe enough to cause noticeable difficulty at work, at school or in social activities or relationships; or to require hospitalization to prevent harm to yourself or others; or to trigger a break from reality (psychosis). Symptoms are not due to the direct effects of something else, such as alcohol or drug use; a medication; or a medical condition. To be considered a hypomanic episode: The episode is a distinct change in mood and functioning that is not characteristic of you when the symptoms are not present, and enough of a change that other people notice.

The episode isn't severe enough to cause significant difficulty at work, at school or in social activities or relationships, and it doesn't require hospitalization or trigger a break from reality. Symptoms are not due to the direct effects of something else, such as alcohol or drug use; a medication; or a medical condition. Criteria for a major depressive episode The DSM-5 also lists criteria for diagnosis of a major depressive episode: Five or more of the symptoms below over a two-week period that represent a change from previous mood and functioning. At least one of the symptoms is either depressed mood or loss of interest or pleasure. Symptoms can be based on your own feelings or on the observations of someone else.

Signs and symptoms include: Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day, such as feeling sad, empty, hopeless or tearful (in children and teens, depressed mood can appear as irritability) Markedly reduced interest or feeling no pleasure in all — or almost all — activities most of the day, nearly every day Significant weight loss when not dieting, weight gain, or decrease or increase in appetite nearly every day (in children, failure to gain weight as expected can be a sign of depression) Either insomnia or sleeping excessively nearly every day Either restlessness or slowed behavior that can be observed by others Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt, such as believing things that are not true, nearly every day Decreased ability to think or concentrate, or indecisiveness, nearly every day Recurrent thoughts of death or suicide, or suicide planning or attempt To be considered a major depressive episode: Symptoms must be severe enough to cause noticeable difficulty in day-to-day activities, such as work, school, social activities or relationships Symptoms are not due to the direct effects of something else, such as alcohol or drug use, a medication or a medical condition Symptoms are not caused by grieving, such as after the loss of

 a loved one Other signs and symptoms of bipolar disorder Signs and symptoms of bipolar I and bipolar II disorders may include additional features.

Anxious distress — having anxiety, such as feeling keyed up, tense or restless, having trouble concentrating because of worry, fearing something awful may happen, or feeling you may not be able to control yourself Mixed features — meeting the criteria for a manic or hypomanic episode, but also having some or all symptoms of major depressive episode at the same time Melancholic features — having a loss of pleasure in all or most activities and not feeling significantly better, even when something good happens Atypical features — experiencing symptoms that are not typical of a major depressive episode, such as having a significantly improved mood when something good happens Catatonia — not reacting to your environment, holding your body in an unusual position, not speaking, or mimicking another person's speech or movement Peripartum onset — bipolar disorder symptoms that occur during pregnancy or in the four weeks after delivery Seasonal pattern — a lifetime pattern of manic, hypomanic or major depressive episodes that change with the seasons Rapid cycling — having four or more mood swing episodes within a single year, with full or partial remission of symptoms in between manic, hypomanic or major depressive episodes Psychosis — severe episode of either mania or depression (but not hypomania) that results in a detachment from reality and includes

 symptoms of false but strongly held beliefs (delusions) and hearing or seeing things that aren't there (hallucinations) Symptoms in children and teens The same DSM-5 criteria used to diagnose bipolar disorder in adults are used to diagnose children and teenagers.

Children and teens may have distinct major depressive, manic or hypomanic episodes, between which they return to their usual behavior, but that's not always the case. And moods can rapidly shift during acute episodes. Symptoms of bipolar disorder can be difficult to identify in children and teens. It's often hard to tell whether these are normal ups and downs, the results of stress or trauma, or signs of a mental health problem other than bipolar disorder. And children who have bipolar disorder are frequently also diagnosed with other mental health conditions. The most prominent signs of bipolar disorder in children and teenagers may include severe mood swings that are different from their usual mood swings. When to see a doctor If you have any symptoms of depression or mania, see your doctor or mental health provider. Bipolar disorder doesn't get better on its own. Getting treatment from a mental health provider with experience in bipolar disorder can help you get your symptoms under control. Many people with bipolar disorder don't get the treatment they need. Despite the mood extremes, people with bipolar disorder often don't recognize how much their emotional instability disrupts their lives and the lives of their loved ones.

And if you're like some people with bipolar disorder, you may enjoy the feelings of euphoria and cycles of being more productive. However, this euphoria is always followed by an emotional crash that can leave you depressed, worn out — and perhaps in financial, legal or relationship trouble. If you're reluctant to seek treatment, confide in a friend or loved one, a health care professional, a faith leader or someone else you trust. He or she may be able to help you take the first steps to successful treatment. When to get emergency help Suicidal thoughts and behavior are common among people with bipolar disorder. If you think you may hurt yourself or attempt suicide, call 911 or your local emergency number immediately. Also consider these options: Reach out to a close friend or loved one. Contact a minister, spiritual leader or someone in your faith community. Call a suicide hotline number — in the United States, call the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 800-273-TALK (800-273-8255) to reach a trained counselor. Use that same number and press 1 to reach the Veterans Crisis Line. Make an appointment with your doctor, mental health provider or other health care provider.

If you have a loved one who is in danger of committing suicide or has made a suicide attempt, make sure someone stays with that person. Call 911 or your local emergency number immediately. Or, if you think you can do so safely, take the person to the nearest hospital emergency room. Bipolar and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Highlights of changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5. American Psychiatric Publishing. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Depression. National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Culpepper L. The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder: Decision-making in primary care. The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents. National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed Dec. 11, 2014. Symbyax (prescribing information).

Indianapolis, Ind.: Eli Lilly and Company; 2009. Accessed Dec. 11, 2014. Thronson LR, et al. Psychopharmacology. Medical Clinics of North America. 2014;98:927. Ravindran AV, et al. Complementary and alternative therapies as add-ons to pharmacotherapy for mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2013;150:707. Sarris J, et al. Bipolar disorder and complementary medicine: Current evidence, safety issues, and clinical considerations. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2011;17:881. Bipolar disorder in adults. National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Bipolar disorder in children and teens. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Access Dec. 11, 2014. Bipolar disorder. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Cook, AJ. Decision Support System. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Oct.

24, 2014. Birmaher B. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and course. Accessed Dec. 11, 2014. Veldic M (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Jan. 21, 2014. Picardi A, et al. Psychotherapy of mood disorders. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health. 2014;10:140. Frye MA, et al. Current landscape, unmet needs and future directions for treatment of bipolar depression. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2014;169S1:S17. Frye MA. Clinical practice. Bipolar disorder — A focus on depression. New England Journal of Medicine. 2011;364:51. Products and Services Bipolar disorder Tests and diagnosis - Mayo Clinic Learn more. Request an appointment. When doctors suspect someone has bipolar disorder, they typically do a number of tests and exams. These can help rule out other problems, pinpoint a diagnosis and also check for any related complications. These may include: Physical exam.

A physical exam and lab tests may be done to help identify any medical problems that could be causing your symptoms. Psychological evaluation. Your doctor or mental health provider will talk to you about your thoughts, feelings and behavior patterns. You may also fill out a psychological self-assessment or questionnaire. With your permission, family members or close friends may be asked to provide information about your symptoms and possible episodes of mania or depression. Mood charting. To identify exactly what's going on, your doctor may have you keep a daily record of your moods, sleep patterns or other factors that could help with diagnosis and finding the right treatment. Signs and symptoms. Your doctor or mental health professional typically will compare your symptoms with the criteria for bipolar and related disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders to determine a diagnosis. Diagnosis in children Although bipolar disorder can occur in young children, typically it's diagnosed in the teenage years or early 20s. It's often hard to tell whether a child's emotional ups and downs are normal for his or her age, the results of stress or trauma, or signs of a mental health problem other than bipolar disorder.

Bipolar symptoms in children and teens often have different patterns than they do in adults and may not fit neatly into the categories used for diagnosis. And children who have bipolar disorder are frequently also diagnosed with other mental health conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or behavior problems. Your child's doctor can help you learn the symptoms of bipolar disorder and how they differ from behavior related to your child's developmental age, the situation and appropriate cultural behavior. Bipolar and related disorders. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-5. 5th ed. Arlington, Va.: American Psychiatric Association; 2013. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Highlights of changes from DSM-IV-TR to DSM-5. American Psychiatric Publishing. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Depression. National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Culpepper L. The diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder: Decision-making in primary care. The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents.

National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed Dec. 11, 2014. Symbyax (prescribing information). Indianapolis, Ind.: Eli Lilly and Company; 2009. Accessed Dec. 11, 2014. Thronson LR, et al. Psychopharmacology. Medical Clinics of North America. 2014;98:927. Ravindran AV, et al. Complementary and alternative therapies as add-ons to pharmacotherapy for mood and anxiety disorders: A systematic review. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2013;150:707. Sarris J, et al. Bipolar disorder and complementary medicine: Current evidence, safety issues, and clinical considerations. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine. 2011;17:881. Bipolar disorder in adults. National Institute of Mental Health. Accessed Dec. 10, 2014. Bipolar disorder in children and teens. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Access Dec. 11, 2014. Bipolar disorder. National Alliance on Mental Illness. Accessed Dec.

10, 2014. Cook, AJ. Decision Support System. Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Oct. 24, 2014. Birmaher B. Bipolar disorder in children and adolescents: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and course. Accessed Dec. 11, 2014. Veldic M (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Jan. 21, 2014. Picardi A, et al. Psychotherapy of mood disorders. Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health. 2014;10:140. Frye MA, et al. Current landscape, unmet needs and future directions for treatment of bipolar depression. Journal of Affective Disorders. 2014;169S1:S17. Frye MA. Clinical practice. Bipolar disorder — A focus on depression. New England Journal of Medicine. 2011;364:51. Products and Services

Question: A bipolar illness is another name for what?
Answer: (Manic) Depression