All About Archangels - ATX Catholic ATX Catholic • Written by Geoffrey Miller, Obl. OSB Filed Under: Blog , Faith , Young Adult , Youth Reading Time: 6 minutes For Maronite Catholics, November 8th is the feast day of Saint Michael the Archangel. He’s one of the seven spirits who stand in the presence of God (cf. Tob. 12:15, Rev. 1:4, 4:5, 8:2). The others are Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Raguel, Remiel (who sadly fell at some point and was replaced by Simiel/Selaphiel) and Saraqael, only the first two of whom are named in the Biblical canon. Pope Saint Gregory I gives us a slightly different listing—Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Uriel, Simiel, Oriphiel and Raguel—but we shouldn’t take this as a disagreement over the identities of the archangels. Celestial beings are often named according to what divine aspects they reflect, and thus some of them have multiple names.

Most of these names are drawn from extra-biblical texts such as the Book of Enoch, which is directly quoted by the New Testament in Jude 1:14-15 and is still viewed as a canonical Old Testament book by the Ethiopian Orthodox Church. However, for a long time, the use of the names of all but the first three archangels had been suppressed in the Catholic Church due to concerns about their abuse by occult groups. This prohibition changed when the liturgical practices of the Eastern Christian (Catholic and Orthodox) Churches were reaffirmed as fully legitimate, most recently in Orientalium Ecclesiarum, against people who wished to overthrow the more ancient teachings of our religion out of fear that they might be misunderstood and misused. The Nature of the Archangels We learn a lot about the archangels from the Bible and the Catechism of the Catholic Church, paragraphs 325-336, 391-395. Like all spirits, they are personal beings with intelligence and free will. Originally, all were created good, but over the course of the ages some have fallen from grace to become demons.

Thus, spirits, like men, are not always beyond the grasp of sin and temptation. Unlike men, however, spirits who resist their first temptation will never yield to sin, and from then onward are rightly recognized as saints; spirits who fall into sin only once, on the other hand, will never climb back out again. This strange principle is likely due to the clarity spirits have in grasping the full consequences of their actions. The Fall of the Angels Biblical evidence suggests that there have been at least two falls or cataclysmic wars among the angels—one before the creation of human beings, led by the fallen seraph (or cherub according to some accounts, but definitely not an archangel), Lucifer (cf. Isaiah 14, where the King of Babylon is compared to him), and a later much less organized rebellion having to do with sexual sins and other unlawful actions committed against material creatures (cf. Gen. 6:1-4, Jude 1:6-7). However, this second war may also have been instigated by Lucifer; he may have tempted angels who had not yet been exposed to the test of sin. In any case, spirits, like men, do not achieve sanctity without effort.

Duties of the Archangels Archangels are appointed as the guardians of mortals. For example, Saint Michael is the protector of Israel, the general region of Palestine, and the Catholic Church as a whole (cf. Daniel 10:13-21). The archangels also command lower-ranking angels such as our own personal guardian angels. Because of their nature as protectors, they try to remain impartial if at all possible during violent conflicts among humans. In fact, Saint Michael himself refused to take sides during the Old Testament conquest of Palestine. When Joshua asked him, “Are you for us, or our adversaries?”, the archangel famously replied, “No; but I am the commander of the army of the Lord. Now I have come” (Jos. 5:14-15). We should imitate Saint Michael’s universal concern for all God’s creatures and his humble recognition that there are no true winners in warfare. He did not even condemn Lucifer when the fallen angel tried to stop him from collecting Moses’ body, but simply said, “The Lord rebuke you” (Jude 1:9). Let us likewise entrust all judgments to God.

Names and Domains We shall use only the most common name for each of the seven archangels, and after providing an analysis of the meaning of their names, we shall describe their proper domains and patronages. Saint Michael. His name means, “Who is like God?”, and serves as a battle cry underlining the Lord’s incomparable strength. Michael gained his sanctity during a direct confrontation with Lucifer. That’s why his name is invoked against Satan. Because of the archangel’s valor and enlightened views of warfare, he was given command of the heavenly armies. However, despite his status as the chief of the warrior angels, Saint Michael actually despises conflict and prefers to resolve things peacefully whenever possible. He is known to have a very contemplative, somewhat melancholic nature, which is very much on display in the Bible. Warriors of all sorts are close to Saint Michael’s heart, and he has special concern for the troubles often experienced by battle-weary veterans. Saint Gabriel. His name means, “God’s strong man,” and his strength is the strength of faith. Gabriel is the heavenly courier and is charged with announcing miraculous events and delivering messages to prophets. He reveals God’s will clearly to all people who seek to know it.

He is said to have a childlike, cheery personality and to be in constant awe of the goodness of God. This angel gave us the prayer, “Hail Mary, full of grace! The Lord is with thee!” If we want to recapture a sense of wonder for God and his creation, Saint Gabriel can certainly help us out. Saint Raphael. His name means, “God’s healer.” He certainly lives up to this name in the book of Tobit. He is also the patron of travelers and very powerful against demons. His quick wit and humor are notorious, and he loves to masquerade as a human being to test people. That’s why Hebrews 13:2 cautions, “Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for thereby some have entertained angels unawares.” Most icons depict his travels and adventures with the Jewish boy, Tobias, whom he helped find a wife. He also healed the elder Tobit’s eyes with medicine made from a fish. Among the demons, he is most feared by Asmodeus, who loves to target people’s sexuality. Thus, Saint Raphael is especially skilled at helping people overcome sexual difficulties and disorders, and also infertility. He is a great aid to those stuck in troubled marriages.

Saint Uriel. His name means, “God’s light.” He guards those who seek knowledge and is the patron saint of scholars and the Sacrament of Confirmation. He has a fiery, passionate personality. According to the book of Enoch, he played a prominent role in quelling the second rebellion of the angels, and also in warning Noah of the flood. The Anglican use of the Catholic Church incorporates the following intercessory prayer into its liturgical practices: “O holy Saint Uriel, intercede for us that our hearts may burn with the fire of the Sacred Heart of Jesus. Assist us in co-operating with the graces of our confirmation that the gifts of the Holy Spirit may bear much fruit in our souls. Obtain for us the grace to use the sword of truth to pare away all that is not in conformity to the most adorable Will of God in our lives, that we may fully participate in the army of the Church. Amen.” Saint Selaphiel. His name means, “God’s prayer.” He guards mystics and spiritual writers. Selaphiel is usually depicted in icons with his eyes cast downward in humble prayer. He is quiet and reserved, and generally prefers to avoid notice.

Perhaps that’s why he’s never explicitly named in the canonical books of the Bible. Selaphiel is a wonderful friend to people having difficulty with prayer. He is always ready to help dispel distractions and focus the mind. If you’re having trouble paying attention at Mass, Selaphiel is your go-to man. He also feels a special concern for the shy and the lonely, and he will gladly attend to their needs if asked politely. Saint Jegudiel. His name means, “God’s glory.” He oversees all who work for the greater glory of God, all who toil in the vineyard of the Lord. Thus, he is the patron saint of work itself, and he has a special concern for hard workers no matter their field of specialty. His personality is very similar to that of Saint Paul, who wrote, “Do you not know that in a race all the runners run, but only one receives the prize? So run that you may obtain it” (1 Cor. 9:24). He is driven and hard-nosed. When you have trouble overcoming the temptation to procrastinate, or a task seems too overwhelming, just call upon Saint Jegudiel to assist you in your labors.

He hates being idle, and he is always looking for something else to do. He may be gruff on the outside, but he has a hard of gold and plenty of compassion for those willing to put their hand to the plough. Saint Barachiel. His name means, “God’s lightning.” He is the captain of our personal guardian angels and also plays a role in overseeing the weather. This latter responsibility may be due to the fact that he is also counted among the seraphim. He may have taken on the job of an archangel who sadly fell from grace. He is the “fill-in” guy and does whatever needs to be done. He finds God’s blessings in everything, and he will help us to find these blessings as well. He is said to have a very regal disposition and bears difficulties patiently. Barachiel knows what it feels like to pick up the slack from somebody else’s failings. His symbol of choice is a white rose, and he has been known to send people white roses as a sign of special favor. Share this: Archangel A Archangel Archangel is a term meaning an angel of high rank.

Archangels are found in a number of religious traditions, including Christianity, Islam , Judaism , and Zoroastrianism . Michael is the only archangel named in the Bible as recognized by both Jews and Christians. Gabriel, named in Luke, is considered to be an archangel, as are Raphael (mentioned in the Book of Tobit ) and Uriel (mentioned in the non-canonical Book of Enoch). The Book of Tobit is included in the Catholic Canon of the Bible; however, this book is considered apocryphal by many Protestants. The archangels Michael, Gabriel and Raphael are venerated in the Roman Catholic Church with a feast on 29 September. The named Archangels in Islam are Gabriel, Michael, Raphael and Azrael. Other traditions have identified a group of Seven Archangels, the names of which vary, depending on the source. The fallen angels Lucifer and Samael have also been referred to as archangels. The word archangel derives from the Greek αρχάγγελος archangelos.

In Judaism The Hebrew Bible uses the terms מלאכי אלוהים (melakh Elohim; Angels of God), מלאכי יהוה (melakh Adonai; Angels of the Lord), בני אלוהים (b'nai elohim; sons of God) and הקדושים (ha-qodeshim; the holy ones) to refer to beings traditionally interpreted as angelic messengers. Other terms are used in later texts, such as העליונים (ha-olinim, the upper ones, or the Ultimate ones). Indeed, angels are uncommon except in later works like Daniel, though they are mentioned briefly in the stories of Jacob (who, according to several interpretations, wrestled with an angel) and Lot (who was warned by angels of the impending destruction of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah). Daniel is the first biblical figure to refer to individual angels by name. It is therefore widely speculated that Jewish interest in angels developed during the Babylonian captivity . According to Rabbi Simeon ben Lakish of Tiberias (230–270 AD), all the specific names for the angels were brought back by the Jews from Babylon.

There are no explicit references to archangels in the canonical texts of the Hebrew Bible ( Old Testament ). In post-Biblical Judaism, certain angels came to take on a particular significance and developed unique personalities and roles. Though these archangels were believed to have rank amongst the heavenly host, no systematic hierarchy ever developed. Metatron is considered one of the highest of the angels in Merkavah and Kabbalist mysticism and often serves as a scribe. He is briefly mentioned in the Talmud, and figures prominently in Merkavah mystical texts. Michael, who serves as a warrior and advocate for Israel (Daniel 10:13) is looked upon particularly fondly. Gabriel is mentioned in the Book of Daniel (Daniel 8:15-17) and briefly in the Talmud, as well as many Merkavah mystical texts. The earliest references to archangels are in the literature of the intertestamental periods (e.g., 4 Esdras 4:36).

Within the rabbinic tradition, the Kabbalah , and the Book of Enoch chapter 20, and the Life of Adam and Eve, the usual number of archangels given is at least seven, who are the focal angels. Three higher archangels are also commonly referenced: Michael, Raphael, and Gabriel. There is confusion about one of the following eight names, concerning which one listed is not truly an archangel. They are: Uriel, Sariel, Raguel, and Remiel (possibly the Ramiel of the Apocalypse of Baruch, said to preside over true visions), Zadkiel, Jophiel, Haniel and Chamuel. Medieval Jewish philosopher Maimonides made a Jewish angelic hierarchy. In addition, traditional homes often sing an ode to the angels before beginning Friday night (Shabbat) dinner. It is entitled Shalom Aleichem, meaning "peace onto you" (referring to the angels as messengers of godly light, peace and love).

In Christianity The New Testament speaks frequently of angels (for example, angels giving messages to Mary, Joseph, and the shepherds; angels ministering to Christ after his temptation in the wilderness, an angel visiting Christ in his agony, angels at the tomb of the risen Christ, the angels who liberate the Apostles Peter and Paul from prison); however, it makes only two references to "archangels." They are: Michael in Jude 1:9 and I Thessalonians 4:16, where the "voice of an archangel" will be heard at the return of Christ. Catholic In Catholicism, three are honored by name St.Michael (see above) St. Gabriel and St.Raphael, Raphael (Tobit 3:17, 12:15) (see below) St. Gregory the Great gave the names of the other four ( Uriel who is named in 2 Esdras; Orfiel, Ophaniel : (eytm) Phanuel, Zarachiel (Saraqael) who were named in the Book of Enoch and Simiel (Proclaimer of God). Although this was overturned by St.

Zachary a few years later as a Bishop, Adalbert used the Kabbalah to pray to Uriel for his own purposes. In the trial they said the "Uriel" he was praying to was a demon (Accursed Uriel) and not "Blessed Uriel". Orthodox Eastern Orthodox Tradition mentions "thousands of archangels; however, only seven archangels are venerated by name. Uriel is included, and the other three are most often named Selaphiel, Jegudiel, and Barachiel (an eighth, Jeremiel, is sometimes included as archangel). The Orthodox Church celebrates the Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers on November 8 of Stencyl the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar (for those churches which follow the Julian Calendar, November 8 falls on November 21 of the modern Gregorian Calendar). Other feast days of the Archangels include the Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel on March 26 (April 8), and the Miracle of the Archangel Michael at Colossae on September 6 (September 19).

In addition, every Monday throughout the year is dedicated to the Angels, with special mention being made in the church hymns of Michael and Gabriel. In Orthodox iconography , each angel has a symbolic representation: Michael in the Hebrew language means "Who is like unto God?" or "Who is equal to God?" St. Michael has been depicted from earliest Christian times as a commander, who holds in his right hand a spear with which he attacks Lucifer, Satan , and in his left hand a green palm branch. At the top of the spear there is a linen ribbon with a red cross. The Archangel Michael is especially considered to be the Guardian of the Orthodox Faith and a fighter against heresies. Gabriel means "Man of God" or "Might of God." He is the herald of the mysteries of God, especially the Incarnation of God and all other mysteries related to it. He is depicted as follows: In his right hand, he holds a lantern with a lighted taper inside, and in his left hand, a mirror of green jasper . The mirror signifies the wisdom of God as a hidden mystery.

Raphael means "God's healing" or "God the Healer" (Tobit 3:17, 12:15). Raphael is depicted leading Tobit (who is carrying a fish caught in the Tigris ) with his right hand, and holding a physician's alabaster jar in his left hand. Uriel means "Fire of God," or "Light of God" (III Esdras 3:1, 5:20). He is depicted holding a sword against the Persians in his right hand, and a fiery flame in his left. Sealtiel means "Intercessor of God" (III Esdras 5:16). He is depicted with his face and eyes lowered, holding his hands on his bosom in prayer. Jegudiel means "Glorifier of God." He is depicted bearing a golden wreath in his right hand and a triple-thonged whip in his left hand. Barachiel means "Blessing of God." He is depicted holding a white rose in his hand against his breast.

(Jeremiel means "God's exaltation." He is venerated as an inspirer and awakener of exalted thoughts that raise a person toward God (III Ezra 4:36). As an eighth, he is sometimes included as archangel.) The edition of the Bible used by Protestants, which excludes the Apocrypha , never mentions a "Raphael" and he is therefore not recognized by many of them. Raphael, however, is mentioned in the Book of Tobit, one of the deuterocanonical books. In the story, Raphael comes to the aid of Tobit, healing him of blindness, and his son Tobias, driving away a demon that would have killed him. Raphael also plays an important role in the Book of Enoch. In the canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church in 1 Enoch, Saraqael is described as one of the angels that watches over "the spirits that sin in the spirit." (20:7, 8) (see Ethiopian Orthodox Church) Protestant The Protestant Bible provides names for two angels: Archangel Michael and the angel Gabriel.

Some Protestants view Michael as the sole archangel, as the only one explicitly described as such in the Protestant canon of the Bible. (Jude 1:9) In their view, Gabriel is never called 'archangel' in the Gospels. According to Origen, verse 1:9 of Jude is an insertion that led to the writing of The Assumption of Moses. Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Michael is one of the names Jesus has in heaven. In this view, Michael is the first and greatest of all God's creatures, the chief messenger of Jehovah that takes the lead in vindicating God's sovereignty, sanctifying God's name, fighting the forces of Satan and protecting God's people on earth.

(Revelation 12:7; 19:14,16• Daniel 12:1) This belief is held because of the prominence Michael has among the heavenly sons of God in the Bible, the similarity of Michael’s and Jesus’ mission and the connection of Jesus with the archangelic office in 1 Thessalonians 4:16, where it is said: "Because the Lord himself will descend from Heaven with a commanding call, with an archangel's voice." Taking also into account that the Bible refers to one archangel only using a definite article (Jude 9), Jehovah's Witnesses have concluded that Michael and Jesus are one and the same. A similar opinion is held by certain Protestants, such as Seventh-day Adventists, and the Presbyterian Commentary author Matthew Henry, who believe that the Archangel Michael is not an angel, and is instead the divine Son of God. In this view "archangel" means "head of the angels" rather than "head angel," and is a title similar to "Prince or Leader of the host." (Daniel 8:11) While few Baptists hold to this view, Seventh-day Adventists generally do.

The Fallen Lucifer The fallen archangel, who aspired to rise to Godhood {Isaiah 14:14]. Lucifer was cast to earth by Michael. Lucifer is known as Satan, The Serpent, The Tempter. in his Day he was "the Anointed Cherubim" {Ezeikel 28:14} and "the Morning Star" {Isaiah 14:12} In Islam In Islam, the named archangels include: Gabriel (or Jibraaiyl or Jibril or Jibrail in Arabic). Gabriel is the Archangel responsible for revealing the Qur'an to Muhammad. Gabriel is known as the angel who communicates with the Prophets. Michael (Mikhail or Mikaaiyl in Arabic). Michael is often depicted as the Archangel of mercy who is responsible for bringing rain and thunder to Earth. Raphael (Israfil or Israafiyl). According to the Hadith, Israfil is the Angel responsible for signaling the coming of Judgment Day by blowing a horn and sending out a Blast of Truth. It translates in Hebrew as Raphael. Azrael Responsible for parting the soul from the body.

Although he is frequently referred to as Azrael in Arabic, he is referred to as Malak al-Maut (the angel of death) in the Quran (Surah al-Sajdah 32:11). There is also no mention of the name Azrael in reference to Malak al-Maut found amongst the verified Hadith of Bukhari. Other traditions Occultists sometimes associate archangels in Kabbalistic fashion with various seasons or elements, or even colors. In some Kabbalah-based systems of ceremonial magic, all four of the main archangels (Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Uriel) are invoked as guarding the four quarters, or directions, and their corresponding colors are associated with magical properties. In anthroposophy , based on teachings by Rudolf Steiner , there are many spirits belonging to the hierarchical level of archangel. In general, their task is to inspire and guard large groups of human beings, such as whole nations, peoples or ethnic groups. This reflects their rank above the angels who deal with individuals (the guardian angel ) or smaller groups.

The main seven archangels with the names given by Pope Saint Gregory I are Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel (or Anael), Simiel (or Samael), Oriphiel and Zachariel have a special assignment to act as a global Zeitgeist ("time spirit" or, "spirit of the times/age"), each for periods of about 380 years. According to this system, since 1879, Michael is the leading time spirit. Four important archangels also display periodic spiritual activity over the seasons: Spring is Raphael, Summer (Uriel), Autumn (Michael) and Winter is Gabriel. In anthroposophy, archangels may be good or evil; in particular, some of their rank are collaborators of Ahriman, whose purpose is to alienate humanity from the spiritual world and promote materialism and heartless technical control. Another Catholic variation lists them corresponding to the days of the week as: St Michael (Sunday), St Gabriel (Monday), St Raphael (Tuesday), St Uriel (Wednesday), St Sealtiel/Selaphiel (Thursday), St Jehudiel/Jhudiel (Friday), and St Barachiel (Saturday).

In the lesser banishing ritual of the pentagram, the invocation includes the words "Before me Raphael; Behind me Gabriel; On my right hand Michael; On my left hand Auriel [Uriel]..." In art, archangels are sometimes depicted with larger wings and many eyes. Some of the more commonly represented archangels are Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Metatron, Uriel, and Satanel. (Wikipedia) What is an Archangel? What is an Archangel? What is an Archangel? Understanding the mysteries behind archangels... In the traditional sense, an archangel is a high-ranking angel. The word "archangel" comes from the Greek word "archangelos," which means "Chief Messenger." Archangels are believed to be God's liaisons between the deity and mankind, being in charge of heavenly armies, heads of government and religion. Archangels are also thought to oversee Guardian Angels. In Roman Catholicism, three archangels are considered saints: Michael, Gabriel and Raphael. It is believed that Michael the Archangel defends the church against darkness and is the only archangel identified as such within the Bible.

Gabriel seems to be an archangel that announces events, such as the births of John the Baptist and Jesus. Islam mentions only four archangels: Michael (angel of mercy), Jibril (Gabriel) (communicates with the prophets), Azrael (angel of death), and Israfil (Raphael - signals the coming of judgment day). Archangels can be found within the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, as they are prominent in Judeo-Christian religious writings and magical texts. Several times, archangels (and angels) in the Bible are described, notably, having human attributes. For example, they appear human in form and speak with men, even being indistinguishable from mankind, at times. The following angels are the archangels mentioned by Enoch. We have included their meaning: Archangel Michael - Who is like God. Archangel Sariel (Suriel) - God's Command. Archangel Gabriel - Man of God. Archangel Raphael - God's Healing. Archangel Uriel - Fire of God. Archangel Raguel - Secrets of God. Archangel Phanuel - Interpreter of God. Archangel Saraqael - Communicant of God.

The next list of angels are often thought to also be archangels: Archangel Jehudiel (also spelled, Jegudiel) - Glorifier of God. Archangel Barachiel - Blessing of God. Archangel Zadkiel - Righteousness of God. Archangel Anael - Love of God. Archangel Sealtiel (also spelled, Selaphiel) - Intercessor of God. Archangel Oriphiel - My Neck is God. Archangel Jeremiel - Mercy of God. Archangel Jophiel - Beauty of God. Archangel names vary in spelling, often having different names for the same archangel. For example: Gabriel is also called Djibril or Jibril. Raphael is also called Israfel. Uriel is also called Sariel, Suriel, or Muriel. Selaphiel is also called Salathiel, Selathiel, Seraphiel, Sarakiel, Saraqael, Zarachiel, Zerachiel, or Zachariel. Jehudiel is also called Jegudiel or Gudiel. Barachiel is also called Varachiel. Raguel is also called Raziel.

Jeremiel is also called Jeramiel, Jerahmiel, Jerehmiel, Ramiel, or Remiel. Anael is also called Aniel, Hanael, or Haniel. Jophiel is also called Orifiel, Jouphiel, Zouphiel, Zophiel, Zophkiel, Zaphiel, Zaphkiel, Kaphziel, Cassiel, or Kepharel. Zadkiel is also called Sachiel, Tzadkiel, Zadakiel, Zedekiel, or Zedekul. What is the Hidden Meaning Behind the Archangels? It's interesting to take a look at ancient names of archangels, for they figuratively convey a hidden truth about all of us. The most obvious meaning that stands out is "Man of God," the description for Gabriel. We must ask ourselves why would an angel be called a man if not human? This lines up nicely with Biblical descriptions of archangels, and angels in general, appearing as men (as I mentioned previously) - simply human messengers from the spirit realm interacting with those in physical bodies.

Let's look at what else we can learn from the meanings of the archangel names. We find out that mankind as a whole is god-like, in command, blessed, beautiful, merciful, righteous, loved, healthy, glorified and the one who God speaks through! In other words, archangels reveal our true, hidden Divine nature - our oneness with God the Spirit! We might not be aware of who we truly are in the highest places of Spirit, but the "chief message" clearly paints the picture that we are not separate from God, but one with the deity in Spirit. That is the secret message of the archangels - a big difference from believing we are condemned, evil, unworthy, etc. Archangel - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Archangel 12th century icon of the Archangels Michael and Gabriel ( Saint Catherine's Monastery , Mount Sinai ) Archangels are members of the second choir of angels . Archangels are found in a number of religious traditions, including Christianity , Islam , Judaism , and Zoroastrianism . Michael is the only archangel named in the Bible as recognized by both Catholic and Protestant denominations.

Gabriel , named in Luke, is considered to be an archangel, as are Raphael (mentioned in the Book of Tobit ) and Uriel (mentioned in the Book of Enoch ). The Book of Tobit is included in the Catholic Canon of the Bible, but is considered apocryphal by Protestants. The archangels Michael, Gabriel and Raphael are venerated in the Roman Catholic Church with a feast on 29 September. The named Archangels in Islam are Gabriel, Michael, Raphael and Azrael . The word archangel derives from the Greek αρχάγγελος archangelos. The names of Archangels are commonly used as male first names in various cultures. Contents See also: Angel The Hebrew Bible uses the terms מלאך אלהים (melakh Elohim; messenger of God), מלאך יהוה (melakh Adonai; messenger of the Lord), בני אלוהים (b'nai elohim; sons of God) and הקודשים (ha-qodeshim; the holy ones) to refer to beings traditionally interpreted as angelic messengers. Other terms are used in later texts, such as העוליונים (the upper ones).

Indeed, angels are uncommon except in later works like Daniel , though they are mentioned briefly in the stories of Jacob (who, according to several interpretations, wrestled with an angel) and Lot (who was warned by angels of the impending destruction of the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah ). Daniel is the first biblical figure to refer to individual angels by name. [1] It is therefore widely speculated that Jewish interest in angels developed during the Babylonian captivity . [2] According to Rabbi Simeon ben Lakish of Tiberias (230–270 AD), all the specific names for the angels were brought back by the Jews from Babylon . There are no explicit references to archangels in the canonical texts of the Hebrew Bible ( Old Testament ). In post-Biblical Judaism , certain angels came to take on a particular significance and developed unique personalities and roles. Though these archangels were believed to have rank amongst the heavenly host, no systematic hierarchy ever developed. Metatron is considered one of the highest of the angels in Merkabah and Kabbalist mysticism and often serves as a scribe. He is briefly mentioned in the Talmud, [3] and figures prominently in Merkabah mystical texts.

Michael , who serves as a warrior and advocate for Israel ( Daniel 10:13 )is looked upon particularly fondly. Gabriel is mentioned in the Book of Daniel ( Daniel 8:15-17 ) and briefly in the Talmud, [4] as well as many Merkabah mystical texts. The earliest references to archangels are in the literature of the intertestamental periods (e.g., 4 Esdras 4:36). Within the rabbinic tradition, the Kabbalah , and the Book of Enoch chapter 20, and the Life of Adam and Eve , the usual number of archangels given is at least seven, who are the focal angels. Three higher archangels are also commonly referenced: Michael , Raphael , and Gabriel . There is confusion about one of the following eight names, concerning which one listed is not truly an archangel. They are: Uriel , Sariel , Raguel , and Remiel (possibly the Ramiel of the Apocalypse of Baruch , said to preside over true visions), Zadkiel , Jophiel , Haniel and Chamuel .

[5] Medieval Jewish philosopher Maimonides made a Jewish angelic hierarchy . In addition, traditional homes often sing an ode to the angels before beginning Friday night ( Shabbos ) dinner. It is entitled Shalom Aleichem, meaning "peace unto you" (referring to the angels as messengers of godly light, peace and love). [ edit ] In Christianity Gabriel, traditionally named as an archangel, delivering the Annunciation . Painting by El Greco (1575) The New Testament speaks frequently of angels (for example, angels giving messages to Mary, Joseph, and the shepherds; angels ministering to Christ after his temptation in the wilderness, an angel visiting Christ in his agony, angels at the tomb of the risen Christ, the angels who liberate the Apostles Peter and Paul from prison), but makes only two references to "archangels": Michael in Jude 1:9 and I Thessalonians 4:16, where the "voice of an archangel" will be heard at the return of Christ . The Protestant Bible provides names for two archangels: Michael and Gabriel .

In the Book of Tobit of the Catholic Bible, a third name, Raphael ; sometimes Uriel or Phanuel is given as a third. Eastern Orthodox Tradition mentions "thousands of archangels" [6] but venerates only seven of them by name. [7] Uriel is included, and the other three are most often named Selaphiel , Jegudiel , and Barachiel (an eighth, Jeremiel , is sometimes included as archangel). [8] The Orthodox Church celebrates the Synaxis of the Archangel Michael and the Other Bodiless Powers on November 8 of the Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar (for those churches which follow the Julian Calendar , November 8 falls on November 21 of the modern Gregorian Calendar ). Other feast days of the Archangels include the Synaxis of the Archangel Gabriel on March 26 ( April 8 ), and the Miracle of the Archangel Michael at Colossae on September 6 ( September 19 ). In addition, every Monday throughout the year is dedicated to the Angels, with special mention being made in the church hymns of Michael and Gabriel.

In Orthodox iconography , each angel has a symbolic representation: [8] Russian icon of the Archangel Jegudiel . Michael in the Hebrew language means "Who is like unto God?" or "Who is equal to God?" St. Michael has been depicted from earliest Christian times as a commander, who holds in his right hand a spear with which he attacks Lucifer, Satan, and in his left hand a green palm branch. At the top of the spear there is a linen ribbon with a red cross. The Archangel Michael is especially considered to be the Guardian of the Orthodox Faith and a fighter against heresies. Gabriel means "Man of God" or "Might of God". He is the herald of the mysteries of God, especially the Incarnation of God and all other mysteries related to it. He is depicted as follows: In his right hand, he holds a lantern with a lighted taper inside, and in his left hand, a mirror of green jasper . The mirror signifies the wisdom of God as a hidden mystery. Raphael means "God's healing" or "God the Healer" ( Tobit 3:17, 12:15).

Raphael is depicted leading Tobit (who is carrying a fish caught in the Tigris ) with his right hand, and holding a physician's alabaster jar in his left hand. Uriel means "Fire of God", or "Light of God" (III Esdras 3:1, 5:20). He is depicted holding a sword against the Persians in his right hand, and a fiery flame in his left. Sealtiel means "Intercessor of God" (III Esdras 5:16). He is depicted with his face and eyes lowered, holding his hands on his bosom in prayer. Jegudiel means "Glorifier of God". He is depicted bearing a golden wreath in his right hand and a triple-thonged whip in his left hand. Barachiel means "Blessing of God". He is depicted holding a white rose in his hand against his breast. ( Jeremiel means "God's exaltation". He is venerated as an inspirer and awakener of exalted thoughts that raise a person toward God (III Ezra 4:36).

As an eighth, he is sometimes included as archangel.) Some Protestants view Michael as the sole archangel, as the only one explicitly described as such in the Protestant canon of the Bible. [9] ( Jude 1:9 ) In their view, Gabriel is never called 'archangel' in the Gospels . According to Origen , verse 1:9 of Jude is an insertion that led to the writing of The Assumption of Moses . Angelic Council (Ангелскй Собор). Orthodox icon of the seven archangels. From left to right: Jegudiel , Gabriel, Selaphiel , Michael, Uriel , Raphael , Barachiel . Beneath the mandorla of Christ Emmanuel are representations of Cherubim (blue) and Seraphim (red). The edition of the Bible used by Protestants, which excludes the Apocrypha , never mentions a "Raphael" and he is therefore not recognized by many of them. Raphael, however, is mentioned in the Book of Tobit , one of the deuterocanonical books .

In the story, Raphael comes to the aid of Tobit, healing him of blindness, and his son Tobias, driving away a demon that would have killed him. Raphael also plays an important role in the Book of Enoch . Jehovah's Witnesses believe that Michael is one of the names Jesus has in heaven. [10] In this view, Michael is the first and greatest of all God's creatures, the chief messenger of Jehovah that takes the lead in vindicating God's sovereignty, sanctifying God's name, fighting the forces of Satan and protecting God's people on earth.

(Revelation 12:7; 19:14,16• Daniel 12:1) This belief is held because of the prominence Michael has among the heavenly sons of God in the Bible, the similarity of Michael’s and Jesus’ mission and the connection of Jesus with the archangelic office in 1 Thessalonians 4:16, where it is said: "Because the Lord himself will descend from Heaven with a commanding call, with an archangel's voice." Taking also into account that the Bible refers to one archangel only using a definite article (Jude 9), Jehovah's Witnesses have concluded that Michael and Jesus are one and the same. [11] A similar opinion is held by certain Protestants, such as Seventh-day Adventists , [12] the Baptist evangelist Charles Spurgeon [13] and the Presbyterian Commentary author Matthew Henry , [14] who believe that the Archangel Michael is not an angel but is instead, the divine Son of God.

In this view "archangel" means "head of the angels" rather than "head angel," and is a title similar to "Prince or Leader of the host." ( Daniel 8:11) While not all Baptists hold to this view, Seventh-day Adventists generally do. [ edit ] In Islam In Islam, the named archangels include: • Gabriel (or Jibraaiyl or Jibril or Jibrail in Arabic). Gabriel is the Archangel responsible for revealing the Qur'an to Muhammad. Gabriel is known as the angel who communicates with the Prophets. • Michael (Mikail or Mikaaiyl in Arabic). Michael is often depicted as the Archangel of mercy who is responsible for bringing rain and thunder to Earth. • Raphael (Israfil or Israafiyl). According to the Hadith, Israfil is the Angel responsible for signaling the coming of Judgment Day by blowing a horn and sending out a Blast of Truth. It translates in Hebrew as Raphael. • Azrael (in Arabic) is the Angel of Death, who is responsible for parting the spirit of the human from the body at the time of departure from this earthly realm.

The Qur'an never uses this name, referring instead to Malak al-Maut (which translates directly as Angel of Death). The spirit is removed from the body from the same point it entered, via the Latifa located between the eyebrows, known as the Khafi, or the Hidden. [ edit ] Other traditions Occultists sometimes associate archangels in Kabbalistic fashion with various seasons or elements, or even colors. In some Kabbalah-based systems of ceremonial magic , all four of the main archangels (Michael, Gabriel, Raphael and Uriel) are invoked as guarding the four quarters, or directions, and their corresponding colors are associated with magical properties. [15] In anthroposophy , based on teachings by Rudolf Steiner , there are many spirits belonging to the hierarchical level of archangel. In general, their task is to inspire and guard large groups of human beings, such as whole nations, peoples or ethnic groups. This reflects their rank above the angels who deal with individuals (the guardian angel ) or smaller groups.

[16] The main seven archangels with the names given by Pope Saint Gregory I are Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel (or Anael ), Simiel (or Samael ), Oriphiel and Zachariel have a special assignment to act as a global Zeitgeist ("time spirit" or, "spirit of the times/age"), each for periods of about 380 years. According to this system, since 1879, Michael is the leading time spirit. Four important archangels also display periodic spiritual activity over the seasons: Spring is Raphael, Summer (Uriel), Autumn (Michael) and Winter is Gabriel. In anthroposophy, archangels may be good or evil; in particular, some of their rank are collaborators of Ahriman , whose purpose is to alienate humanity from the spiritual world and promote materialism and heartless technical control. Another Catholic variation lists them corresponding to the days of the week as: St Michael (Sunday), St Gabriel (Monday), St Raphael (Tuesday), St Uriel (Wednesday), St Sealtiel / Selaphiel (Thursday), St Jehudiel / Jhudiel (Friday), and St Barachiel (Saturday).

In the lesser banishing ritual of the pentagram , [17] the invocation includes the words "Before me Raphael; Behind me Gabriel; On my right hand Michael; On my left hand Auriel [Uriel]..." In art, archangels are sometimes depicted with larger wings and many eyes. Some of the more commonly represented archangels are Gabriel, Michael, Raphael, Metatron , Uriel, and Satanel . [18] In the noncanonical 1 Enoch , Saraqael is described as one of the angels that watches over "the spirits that sin in the spirit". (20:7, 8) 1000+ images about Archangels on Pinterest | Reiki, Protection prayer and Arches Forward The 16 Arch Angels Each Respond To A Different Crystal..His aura holds all the colors of the rainbow, like a beautiful prism of light and since clear quartz also includes every color of the rainbow, it is the gemstone you should use to work with Raziel. Sandalphon’s aura and corresponding gemstone is the cool shade of turquoise. Call on him to avert them or to heal and recover in the aftermath.

His aura is pale yellow, like a candle’s glow and his energy is aligned with amber. See More 1000+ images about angels on Pinterest | Archangel, Archangel raphael and The archangels Forward Archangel Jeremiel Aura colour – Deep Purple Jeremiel is the angel that gives a life review to newly crossed-over souls. However, it is never too early for a life review and, if you wish for one, this is who to ask. As well as reviewing your life, he can help you to make any nesessary changes to get your life on the right path.

See More MICHAEL MICHAEL On Michael, the Archangel and the "new light" of the WTBTS Part I A JW leaves the WTBTS organization with the following statement (quotation, excerpts from the text, word by word within the frame) "Concerns on the teachings of the Watchtower: The following is based on the Watchtower's teaching that they are the only source for accurate interpretation of the Bible: "From time to time, there have arisen from among the ranks of Jehovah's people those, who, like the original Satan, have adopted an independent, faultfinding attitude...They say that it is sufficient to read the Bible exclusively, either alone or in small groups at home. But, strangely, through such 'Bible reading,' they have reverted right back to the apostate doctrines that commentaries by Christendom's clergy were teaching 100 years ago..." The Watchtower, August 15, 1981, p. 29 Is reading the Bible exclusively really satanic? What "apostate doctrines" does one come to believe in when they read the Bible exclusively?

The following is based on the Watchtower's teaching on "new light": "New Light": "A new view of truth can never contradict a former truth. 'New light' never extinguishes older 'light', but adds to it.... So is it with the light of truth; the true increase is by adding to, not by substituting one for another". Zion's Watchtower, Feb. 1881 Jesus is NOT Michael the Archangel: "Hence it is said, 'Let all the angels of God worship him': (that must include Michael, the chief angel, hence Michael is not the Son of God)....". The Watchtower, November 1879, p. 4 Jesus IS Michael the Archangel: "Jesus Christ, whom we understand from the scriptures to be Michael the Archangel." The Watchtower, Feb. 15, 1979, p. 31 The Watchtower Society has declared that "new light" can never contradict a former truth. Is Jesus really Michael the Archangel? The following is based on the Watchtower's teaching that The Watchtower is the inspired word of God..." (end of letter quotation from a Jw leaving the WTBTS org.

on June 2, 2002. The letter can be found here: with my markings in blue and red) My comments: ...and in 1954 it was forbidden to worship Christ...a logic step of doctrine...

Will also remind of the words in 2 Timothy 3:13 (NIV) "while evildoers and impostors will go from bad to worse, deceiving and being deceived." Part II • Muslims believe in angels • I have met people who have seen angels • Linnaeus believed in angels, but he was confused where to place them in the his bionominal nomenclature because they could not be investigated empirically by him or by anybody…so he did not include them in his system…otherwise it would be interesting where to find them…LOL ------------------------- But these facts do not make the main reason for me to believe in angels, this does: • JESUS BELIEVED IN ANGELS AND THAT IS THE MAIN REASON FOR ME TO BELIEVE IN ANGELS • Matthew 26: 53 (NIV) “Do you think I cannot call on my Father, and he will at once put at my disposal more than twelve legions of angels?” ANGELS ARE REAL, ACCORDING TO JESUS Part III ANGELS – A BIG TOPIC FOR HUMAN PHANTASY Angels are often a subject for human speculation, please consider as follows: • Innumerable angels

 are mentioned in the Bible • But the angels are not the main theme of the Bible • The Bible's main subject is Jesus, the Son of God and how God seeks man and offers him salvation and reconciliation though Jesus Christ as a free gift!

--------------------------- However, the Bible offers some information about an Angelic Hierarchy existing (See for instance Isaiah chapter 6) --------------------------- NT mentions two angels who would be Archangels • Gabriel and Michael -------------------------------------------------- Much of the rest is purely speculation, but observe following claims, which might be of some interest: • The Apocryph Book of Tobit mentions the Archangel Raphael. • The Apocryph 1 Enoch 9:1 mentions as Archangels Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Suryal och Uriel. -------------------------------------------------- In Christian Orthodox belief • The Eastern Orthodoxy tradition venerates Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Selaphiel, Jegudiel, and Barachiel. Thus, the Archangels would be seven together, if(?) this is true. • Another variation mentions the Archangels corresponding to the days of the week as: St Michael (Sunday), St Gabriel (Monday), St Raphael (Tuesday), St Uriel (Wednesday), St Sealtiel (or sometimes Metatron) (Thursday), St Jegudiel, (Friday), and St Barachiel (Saturday). ------------------ Angels according to Islam • Angels are important in Muslim beliefs, they are carefully described in Quran and Hadith.

The angels would once have been created by God from fire. • Especially important is the belief that two angels are considered to accompany every human individual during all the life, one at the right side is noting all good doings, the other angel on the left side will note all bad things done, and all these acts will weigh together on Judgement day… • Archangel Gabriel would have delivered messages (The Quran) to Prophet Muhammed… Part IV Michael in the Bible Hebrew: מִיכָאֵל which means "Who is like God?" אֵל= El, God, is often used as a suffix to many names as Immanuel, Gabriel, Ezekiel, Daniel etc.

---------------------------------------------- Michael, the archangel, is mentioned in the Bible five times as follows: • Daniel 10:13 Michael is one of the chief princes (there will obviously be more than one) • Daniel 10:21 Mentioned as a prince of God • Daniel 12:1 The great prince, who protects God's people (Israel) • Jude 9 The archangel Michael and the Lord are different persons as Michael spoke to the Lord • Revelation 12:7 Michael and his angels will fight against the dragon (already earlier defeated by Jesus Christ on the cross) and his fallen angels A SUMMARY: None of the Bible passages identifies Michael with Jesus Christ. ------------- 1) PASTOR CHARLES TAZE RUSSEL - THE ANGEL Here is the image of Charles Taze Russell by himself and the WTBTS: • Russell appoints himself to be an angel Rev. 3:14 ”And [unto] BY the angel. — The special messenger to the last Age of the Church was Charles T.

Russell, born February 16, 1852.” SiS VII p 53 • Russell claims he himself is speaking with an angel’s voice Rev 7: 2 . "And I saw another angel… And He cried with a loud voice. — With an emphatic message. Pastor Russell was the mouthpiece used." SiS VII p 125 • ”The Son of Man” in Ezekiel 2:3 is Pastor Russell ”The man raised up, ’set upon his feet,’ and given wisdom, grace and power for the task, was Pastor Russell.” SiS VII p 377 • Ezekiel 3, is not about prophet Ezekiel, but about ”Pastor Russell’s divine ordination” SiS VII p 381 • The greatest reformer Ezekiel 3:8 ”Whatever situation Pastor Russell faced, God made him more than equal to it. This last and most illustrious of the reformers never asked for money; yet he had enough entrusted to him to carry on the work”.

SiS VII, p 382 • On Russell’s tombstone is written : LAODICEAN MESSENGER According to CTR himself as quoted above this expression is identical with the Angel of Laodicea (some Bible interpretors mean Laodicea stands for the Christian Assembly in the latter days) • When Russell was dead in 1916, the leader of the Russellites in Sweden wrote: “Russell does not sleep in death, but was instantly transformed from the human to the divine nature, and now forever is with the Lord”. A Gustafsson: Jehovah’s witnesses. Stockholm 1945. p 7, translated from Swedish. • “The two most prominient messengers, are the first and the last - St. Paul and Pastor Russell. “ Watchtower 1917 November 1 p.323 (SiS VII means: Charles Taze Russell Studies in the Scriptures Volume VII, The Finished Mystery - POSTHUMOUS WORK OF PASTOR RUSSELL .

This edition is printed in 1926 and will now be found at 2) THE RUSSELL DOCTRINES When studying Russell's image of Jesus Christ I find it contradictory, confused and unclear. Everything in the Bible should be interpreted symbolically by "divine light" of Russell's own imagination (with the unique exception of the number of 144,000!). There are facts verifying following statement: • Incarnation (God became man in Christ) is denied by Russell: "Four errors in the nine fundamental principles of the Evangelical Alliance. We give the erroneous clauses by number: (3) "The unity of the Godhead, and the trinity of persons therein." See Rev. 6:4; 5:7. (5) "The incarnation of the Son of God." (8) "The immortality of the soul." (9) "The Divine institution of the Christian ministry" (i.

e., the clergy)." SiS VII p 168 • Jesus is an angel SiS VII p 125, SiS VII p 168 • IN CTR SiS V P 83 THE ARCHANGEL MICHAEL IS JESUS, SEE HERE: CTR SiS V p 83: "(1) Our Redeemer existed as a spirit being before he was made flesh and dwelt amongst men. (2) At that time, as well as subsequently, he was properly known as “a god”—a mighty one. As chief of the angels and next to the Father, he was known as the Archangel (highest angel or messenger), whose name, Michael, signifies, “Who as God,” or God’s representative.

(3) As he was the highest of all Jehovah’s creation, so also he was the first, the direct creation of God, the “Only Begotten,” and then he, as Jehovah’s representative, and in the exercise of Jehovah’s power, and in his name, created all things—angels, principalities and powers, as well as the earthly creation." CTR (CTR SiS V p 83)• The three points mentioned above seem to be logic upon the denial of incarnation, but... When Rev 12 chapter will be “divine interpreted”, archangel Michael is appointed the Pope himself according to following statement: Rev. “12:7. And there was war in heaven. — Between the two ecclesiastical powers, Pagan Rome and Papal Rome. Michael. — ‘Who as God,’ the Pope.” SiS VII p 188 Archangel Michael will this time stand for the Pope and the confusion is total! • There were still some remains of the image of Jesus. In spite of Russell believed Jesus was an angel, he worshiped him! And…every Christmas Russell celebrated the birth of Christ, the changing “new light” would not come until 1931….

In Zion's Watch Tower of July 15, 1898, Pastor Russell stated as follows: "we believe our Lord Jesus while on earth was really worshiped, and properly so. While he was not the God, Jehovah, he was a God. The word ’God’ signifies ’a mighty one’, and our Lord was indeed a mighty one. So it is stated in the ’first two verses of the gospel of John`. It was proper for our Lord to receive worship in view of his having been the only begotten of the Father, and his agent in the creation of all things, including man.” • It was Rutherford who exchanged worship of Christ to worship of Jehovah. From 1931 Jehovah’s Kingdom would be declared instead of Christ’s Presence. All crosses were removed…what new discoveries had been made? None! • The development to abolish worship of Christ was completed in 1954. When worship of Jesus became idolatry and forbidden can be seen here : • Some corrections in the Jw Bible must be implemented to support the “new light” received.

Compare for instance NW”T” Matthew 28:17, Luke 24: 52, Acts 7:59-60, Romans 10:9-13, 2 Corinthians 13:5, Hebrews 1:8 with NIV... (SiS VII means: Charles Taze Russell Studies in the Scriptures Volume VII, The Finished Mystery - POSTHUMOUS WORK OF PASTOR RUSSELL . This edition is printed in 1926 and will now be found at But from where did Russell primarily get his beliefs? • 1)Answer: Mainly via Adventism CTR: ”Among other theories, I stumbled upon Adventism. Seemingly by accident, one evening I dropped into a dusty, dingy hall in Allegheny, Pa., where I had heard that religious services were held, to see if the handful who met there had anything more sensible to offer than the creeds of the great churches. There, for the first time, I heard something of the views of Second Adventism, by Jonas Wendell, long since deceased.

Thus I confess indebtedness to Adventists as well as to other Bible students.” (SiS VII p 53) (In the Swedish version the last sentence is so controversial that it has been placed within parantheses) CTR: ”Divine interpretation” of Rev 9:13 ”And I heard a voice. — The message through William Miller, from A. D. 1829 to 1844.” (SiS VII p 163) CTR built his doctrines of the year 1844, he added 30 years to 1844 as Miller would add 30 years to the baptism of Jesus. Miller ”missed the tarrying time”. See here. CTR: ”Divine interpretation” of Rev 9:15 ”And the four angels. — The four great errors of trinity. incarnation, immortality and lordship over God's heritage. Were loosed. — Given greater liberties than ever before. Which were prepared. — Each sect tor itself, and in its own time. For [an] THE hour.

— The hour of judgment, 1918.” (SiS VII p 164) • 2) Arianism. Arius (256-336) was, according to CTR, a hero who only was persecuted by Constantine and the Church officials. Because of that he considers Arius’ teachings as accurate. Arius denied incarnation and said Jesus was a created being. CTR continues with an historical exposé of development of Arianism. By mentioning the execution of Servetus in 1531 CTR intends to give his beliefs accuracy. (SiS VII p 30-31) I have compared Ellen Gould White's book The Great Controversy to Russell’s Studies in the Scriptures Volume VII and I have found many similarities • Both White (1827-1915) and Russell (1852-1916) were contemporary, Russell lived some later. • Both White and Russell has built their beliefs on Miller’s 1844 false prediction. After Millers failure in 1844, there were probably hundreds of thousands disappointed people, who had nowhere to go. All were searching for other solutions without losing faith.

One of the first trying to sop up the frustrated masses was Ellen Gould White. Her three main visions are reported already from the years of 1844-1845. They now become a base for her doctrines. • Both claim to be chosen by God White by her visions: “God has shown me!” Russell by referring to his “divine ordination” in Ezekiel 3, “PASTOR RUSSELL'S DIVINE ORDINATION” (SiS VII p 381) can be read at • Both has been manipulated by their followers Russell first by Rutherford and then by the WTBTS. Many Russellites discovered the manipulations in SiS VII in 1917. Four members of the board’s seven, revealed the falsifications. Rutherford however, succeeded to expel them, but the result was 4.000 members of totally 21.000 then left the Russellite movement. Ludwig Richard Conradi (1856-1939) discovered at a journey to the US that Whites scriptures had been manipulated. Many contradictions had been deleted to bring the contents in harmony.

Conradi took the consequences, see Jonas Wendell was preaching White’s doctrines when Russell heard him. Russell accepted them and said the teachings of Wendell was not yet completely finished…(Russell would to that!) A SUMMARY OF WHITE'S DOCTRINES WILL BE AS FOLLOWS: • Miller was right, something happened, but invisibly. It was an act in heaven, not on earth. A purification of the Temple in Heaven was made in 1844. Jesus ended his High Priest Service in Heaven in 1844 and “The investigative judgment” started. And it is still continuing. At a special time determined, Jesus as judge will judge us individually how we have acted in relation to the Ten Commandments. We have to get ready for that moment. White’s visions are sometimes remarkable, small angels children flew up to the tops of the heavenly mountains and picked wonderful flowers while the holy people from earth left their crowns at home when they went out to work in the fields… • The mark of the beast in Revelation is Sunday celebration, the two main delusions are Sunday Celebration and the doctrine of the immortality of the human soul (E G White, The Great Controversy p 370 Sw version).

• Salvation is depending on our fulfilment of the Law, especially the Ten Commandments. (E G White, The Great Controversy p 372 Sw version). • The most important commandment is the forth Commandment (the Sabbath commandment). White saw in her visions a shining splendor around this commandment. • The human soul is not immortal. • Jesus Christ is a created being and identical to Michael. See here for instance: MICHAEL WAS A BROTHER OF LUCIFER ACCORDING TO THE WTBTS Preexistence A German Encyclopedia describes in brief the WTBTS teachings about the preexistence of Michael respectively Jesus ”Gott hatte 2 Söhne Michael u. Luzifer. Luzifer lehnte sich gg den Vater auf, wurde dadurch zum Satan und Berherrscher der Weld, die auch die ’Organisation des Satan’ deswegen genannt wird." (=God had two sons, Michael and Lucifer. Lucifer rebelled against his father and became Satan, the ruler of the world, which hence is called Satan's organization.) (Gründler J 1961, Lexikon der christliche Kirchen und Sekten.

Zeugen Jehovas Spalte 778) ”Michael, der gerhorsame Sohn, wurde als Jesus Chr. geboren und erwarb sich durch seien Tod die Unsterblichkeit. (= Michael, the obedient son, was born as Jesus Christ, and acquired by his death immortality). (Gründler J 1961, Lexikon der christliche Kirchen und Sekten. Zeugen Jehovas, Spalte 778)” Thus Jesus would not be God's only begotten son, but one of two sons of God, moreover, these two "sons" were brethren and angels. Talk about downgrading! ANGELS OF OUR TIME Angels are popular now. Angel stories, angel collectibles, anything related to angels seems to intrigue people. But what does the Bible say about angels? Are they little helpers that protect us? Do they have the power of God? Angels are created beings, like humans. "Praise him, all his angels; praise him, all his heavenly hosts. Praise him, sun and moon; praise him, all you shining stars. Praise him, you highest heavens and you waters above the skies.

Let them praise the name of the LORD, for at his command they were created." Psalm 148:2-5 (NIV) The angels are not gods and do not have the power of God. Neither are they are to be worshiped. We are to worship the Creator, not the creation. Sometimes, fascination about angels borders on worship and we must be cautious of this. Just as we are not to worship our pastors or other spiritual advisors, we are not to worship angels either. We can read from the Bible that angels are created by God long time ago, they are mighty and numerous, they are God’s servants and messengers, there is a hierarchy among them, but they are not perfect, they have a free will, they can think, they can decide, they can speak, they can listen...and ...angels are immortal. "Neither can they die any more: for they are equal unto the angels; and are the children of God, being the children of the resurrection." (Luke 20:36 NIV) Angels have already received the promise of eternal life with God. They were created for His service, too but serve Him in heaven while we humans are meant to serve Him on earth for now.

------- Since the WTBTS does not believe in the Trinity, they also does not believe that Jesus is God in the flesh. They add the word "other" four times to Colossians 1:16,17, teaching that Christ was God's first creation, i.e., the reincarnation of Michael the archangel created by Jehovah, rather than the Creator. [The "Watchtower" teaches that Jehovah God created Michael the Archangel before the foundation of the world; Michael was His only begotten son by virtue of the fact that he was the only creature directly created by Jehovah. It was this created Michael who became the Jw Jesus (i.e., a denial of the eternality of Christ). The WTBTS says that "Since actual conception took place, it appears that Jehovah God caused an ovum or egg in Mary's womb to become fertile, accomplishing this by the transfer of the life of his first born son (Michael) from the spirit realm to the earth" (Aid to Bible Understanding, p. 920). "Marvelously, Jehovah transferred the life-force and the personality pattern of his first born heavenly son (Michael) to the womb of Mary.

God's own active force, his holy spirit, safeguarded the development of the child in Mary's womb so that what was born was a perfect human" (Reasoning, p. 255).] The WTBTS also adds an "a" in John 1:1, making the verse read, "the Word was a god" (which in essence, makes the Jws guilty of the same polytheism of which they accuse Trinitarians). A BIBLE SUMMARY ON ANGELS • There is no death of any angel described in the Bible. • The disciples worshiped Jesus. Never an angel! Matthew 28:17 (NIV) Luke 24:52 (NIV) • The first church called upon the name of Jesus : "To the church of God in Corinth, to those sanctified in Christ Jesus and called to be his holy people, together with all those everywhere who call on the name of our Lord Jesus Christ—their Lord and ours:" 1 Cor 1:2(NIV). • Jesus is not identical to archangel Michael, but instead all angels will worship Him, i e "Let all God’s angels worship him.”Hebrews 1:6b(NIV) .

Jesus is NOT an angel according to Hebrews whole 1st chapter (NIV) Please check • "Therefore God exalted him to the highest place and gave him the name that is above every name, that at the name of Jesus every knee should bow, in heaven and on earth and under the earth, and every tongue acknowledge that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father." Phil 2:9-11 (NIV) • "Every creature in heaven and on earth" will worship Jesus Rev 5: 11-14 (NIV) Our Angels Are Different / Useful Notes - TV Tropes YMMV Angels in The Bible can belong to several classes. Archangel — The highest class. Michael is one of two angels named and the only angel to hold this rank in the Protestant and Jewish Bible canons. Elders — (AKA Thrones) There are 24 of this class as mentioned in Revelation. Living Creatures — These angels are a specific set of four Cherubim mentioned in both Ezekiel and Revelation.

Their descriptions vary slightly from both accounts, but they seem to have faces varying from that of a lion, ox, man, and eagle, eyes all over their bodies, and more than one pair of wings. (In other words, they are the angels most likely to fit the page image.) In Ezekiel, each is paired with one of the four Ophanim, meaning "wheels", which are eye-covered, wheel-like interlocking chariot wheels. (Note: In this listing the Thrones and Ophanim are NOT identified as the same.) Cherubim — (singular Cherub) The Bible is silent on what normal angels of this class looked like, but according to Jewish tradition they were human looking, as both the Ark of the Covenant and Solomon's Temple included images of angels of this class in their design. Seraphim — (singular Seraph) Mentioned to have six wings, four of which are used to cover themselves. Their name means "burning ones". Angels — These are the ordinary inhabitants of Heaven; if something needs doing on earth, these are the guys who generally do it.

There is also a traditional celestial hierarchy of angels, which comes from an early Christian writing by one "Dionysius" , into the following nine "Choirs" ordered from greatest to least, of which only the first and last two are commonly seen in art and literature: Seraphim — (singular Seraph) Traditionally six-winged, red, and fiery; represent God's love. The reason they have six wings is to cover their true form , which is so bright and glorious that merely witnessing it grants a one-way trip to Heaven... at the cost of bodily incineration. According to some texts they're also serpentine. Their chief is St. Michael. Satan used to be one of these (hence his six wings in Dante's The Divine Comedy ). If they're not covered and won't set you on fire, they're described as handsome... but tall, terrifying, fiery, and speaking in Earth-shaking (quite literally) voices. Cherubim — (singular Cherub) Tend to be depicted in blue, or as blue (or red, or lots of different colors); represent God's knowledge and act as soldiers and guardian angels . St. Gabriel is Head Cherub.

In The Middle Ages , often misunderstood to be a single angel named "Cherubin". In The Renaissance , the Putti, chubby little children or even a chubby face between two or more wings, were later confused with Cherubim (or even Seraphim, as in this painting ◊ by Ghirlandaio). Thrones or Ophanim — Hold up God's throne. They serve as the headquarters of the Virtues and the Upper Choirs and control the natural laws as well as being the bringers of God's justice who represent His authority (and badassery). Dominions — Not mentioned in Protestant and Jewish Bible canons. Wear crowns; represent God's power. Each serves as the patron angel of a nation and ruler of all angels assigned to that nation. Virtues — Not mentioned in Protestant and Jewish Bible canons. Traditionally wear armor and swords and are considered to control the heavenly bodies. They live in the Thrones. The previous three choirs form the bulk of the heavenly army. Powers — Not mentioned in Protestant and Jewish Bible canons. Carry flaming swords and chains to bind The Devil ; serve as guardians .

In Christian tradition the Angel with the Flaming Sword in Eden was one of these, the Archangel Jophiel. Are considered Angels Of Justice and are considered perfect, incorruptible ultimate angels created by God himself. ( Sound familiar ?) Naturally some beliefs list Satan as a former Power. Principalities — Not mentioned in Protestant and Jewish Bible canons. Traditionally bear armor and swords, and watch over rulers and nations. As well as acting as the head of a specific group of angels. Archangels — According to apocryphal works there are seven, including Michael , Gabriel (mentioned in The Bible canon but only as a normal angel), and Raphael (appears in the deuterocanonical book of Tobit)(names for the others, such as Zadkiel, Uriel, and Ithuriel, don't seem to have caught on). Each archangel is the head of one of the remaining upper choirs. In the Eastern Orthodox Church, there are seven major archangels; however, other than the Archangels Michael, Gabriel, and Raphael the names of the others vary radically. Also the arrangement of the choirs and the status of archangels vary.

In Christianity, archangels often embody a particular function or idea: for instance, Raphael is the archangel of Healing, Raguel the archangel of justice and Jegudiel of politics. Ahem, actually people agree upon that there are definitely eight of them: Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, Uriel, Varachiel (might be spelled as Barachiel in English, though, I'm not sure), Selaphiel, Jegiduel, Jerahmeel (Ramiel in English). However, there are also several others, but they are kind of "not-exactly-canon": Sachiel, Tzadkiel, Jophiel and some others whose names this tropette can't recall. Angels

Question: In the bible what name is given to the following Michael, Raphael, Uriel, Selaphiel, Jegudiel and Barachiel known as?
Answer: ARCHANGELS