Via Dolorosa « See The Holy Land Ecce Homo Arch Every Friday afternoon hundreds of Christians join in a procession through the Old City of Jerusalem , stopping at 14 Stations of the Cross as they identify with the suffering of Jesus on his way to crucifixion. Their route is called the Via Dolorosa (Way of Sorrows). This is also the name of the principal street they follow, a narrow marketplace abustle with traders and shoppers, most likely similar to the scene on the first Good Friday. It is unlikely that Jesus followed this route on his way to Calvary. Today’s Via Dolorosa originated in pious tradition rather than in certain fact, but it is hallowed by the footsteps of the faithful over centuries. Franciscans lead procession First Station: Franciscan friars begin the Friday observance in the courtyard of the Al-Omariyyeh College (Seetheholyland.net) The Friday procession is led by Franciscan friars, custodians of most of the holy places since the 13th century.

It starts at 4pm — 3pm in winter, from late October till late March — at an Islamic college, Umariyya School, just inside St Stephen’s or Lions’ Gate. Pilgrims wind their way westward to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , where the last five Stations are located. Each procession is accompanied by Muslim escorts, in Ottoman uniforms of red fez, gold-embroidered waistcoat and baggy blue trousers, who signify their authority by banging silver-topped staves on the ground. Many other pilgrims, individually or in groups with guides, follow the same 500-metre route during the week. Route of the Via Dolorosa (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) For those walking the Via Dolorosa on their own, the route is not easy to follow. A simple map is available from the Christian Information Centre , Omar Ibn el-Khattab Square, Jaffa Gate (closed on Sundays, Christian holidays and Saturday afternoons). The PlanetWare travel guide also has a map.

Number of Stations has varied While scholars disagree on the path Jesus took on Good Friday, processions in the 4th and 5th centuries from the Mount of Olives to Calvary followed more or less along the route taken by modern pilgrims (but there were no stops for Stations). The practice of following the Stations of the Cross appears to have developed in Europe among Christians who could not travel to the Holy Land. The number of Stations varied from 7 to 18 or more. Today’s Via Dolorosa route was established in the 18th century, with the present 14 Stations, but some of the Stations were given their present location only in the 19th century. Bronze discs mark Stations on the Via Dolorosa; the crossed arms are a Franciscan symbol (Seetheholyland.net) Nine of the 14 stations are based on Gospel references. The other five — Jesus’ three falls, his meeting with his Mother, and Veronica wiping his face — are traditional.

Place of judgement unknown The chief difficulty in determining Jesus’ path to Calvary is that nobody knows the site of Pontius Pilate ’s Praetorium, where Jesus was condemned to death and given the crossbeam of his cross to carry through the streets. There are three possible locations: • Herod the Great ’s Palace or Citadel, which dominated the Upper City. The remains of the Citadel complex, with its Tower of David (erected long after King David’s time), are just inside the present Jaffa Gate. This is the most likely location. Second Station: Ecce Homo Arch over Via Dolorosa, with Sisters of Zion convent at right (Seetheholyland.net) • The Antonia Fortress, a vast military garrison built by Herod the Great north of the Temple compound and with a commanding view of the Temple environs. The Umariyya School, now the location of the first Station of the Cross, is believed to stand on part of its site. • The Palace of the Hasmoneans, built before Herod’s time to house the rulers of Judea. It was probably located midway between Herod’s Palace and the Temple, in what is today the Jewish Quarter.

In the immediate area of the Antonia Fortress is the Ecce Homo Arch, reaching across the Via Dolorosa. It is named after the famous phrase (“Behold the Man” in Latin) spoken by Pilate when he showed the scourged Jesus to the crowd (John 19:5). But the arch was built after Jesus stood before Pilate. Adjacent to the arch is the Ecce Homo Convent of the Sisters of Our Lady of Zion (the entrance is near the corner of the Via Dolorosa and a narrow alley called Adabat el-Rahbat, or The Nuns Ascent). Second Station: Roman soldiers’ game in Lithostrotos pavement under Zion Sisters convent (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Underneath the convent, pilgrims can visit stone pavings which were once claimed to be the Stone Pavement (Lithostrotos) where Pilate had his judgement seat (John 19:13). Markings in the paving stones, indicating a dice game known as the King’s Game, suggested this was where Jesus was mocked by the soldiers (John 19:2-3). Yet this pavement is also from a later date.

Chapels worth visiting Several of the chapels at the various Stations of the Cross are not often open to the public. Two at the beginning of the Via Dolorosa are open daily (8-12am, 2-5pm) and are worth visiting before starting the Way of the Cross. Across the street from Umariyya School is a Franciscan compound containing the Chapel of the Flagellation and the Chapel of the Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross. Second Station: Jesus takes up his cross, in Chapel of the Condemnation (Tom Callinan/Seetheholyland.net) The Chapel of the Flagellation is notable for its stained-glass windows behind the altar and on either side of the sanctuary. They show Pilate washing his hands; Jesus being scourged; and Barabbas expressing joy at his release. On the ceiling above the altar, a mosaic on a golden background depicts the crown of thorns pierced by stars. The Flagellation Museum, displaying archaeological artifacts from several Holy Land sites, including Nazareth, Capernaum and the Mount of Olives, is open daily (except Sunday and Monday), 9am-1pm and 2-4pm.

The Chapel of the Condemnation and Imposition of the Cross is topped by five white domes. Artwork includes papier-mâché figures enacting some of the events of Jesus’ Passion. Paving stones at the back of the chapel are part of the pavement that extends under the Ecce Homo Convent. Third Station: Relief depicting Jesus’ first fall (Seetheholyland.net) Opposite the chapel entrance is a model of Jerusalem in the first century AD, showing how the sites of Calvary and the Holy Sepulchre were outside the city walls. Numbering of the Stations of the Cross along the Via Dolorosa traditionally uses Roman numerals: I: Jesus is condemned to death Fourth Station: Sculpture depicting Jesus meeting his Mother (Seetheholyland.net) About 300 metres west of St Stephen’s or Lions’ Gate, steps lead up to the courtyard of Umariyya School (open Monday-Thursday and Saturday, 2.30-6pm, Friday 2.30-4pm; entry with caretaker’s permission). Here the First Station is commemorated. The southern end of the courtyard offers a view overlooking the Temple Mount .

II: Jesus carries his cross Across the street, near where an arch stretches over the Via Dolorosa, the Second Station is marked by the words “II Statio” on the wall of the Franciscan Friary. III: Jesus falls the first time Down the Via Dolorosa, under the Ecce Homo Arch and about 100 metres along, a sharp left turn into Al-Wad Road brings pilgrims to a small chapel on the left, belonging to the Armenian Catholic Patriarchate. Fifth Station: Pilgrims on the Way of the Cross (Seetheholyland.net) Above the entrance, a stone relief of Jesus falling with his cross marks the Third Station. Inside, a similar image is watched by shocked angels. IV: Jesus meets his Mother The Fourth Station is now commemorated adjacent to the Third Station. Until 2008 this Station was commemorated a further 25 metres along Al-Wad Road. The stone relief marking the Station is over the doorway to the courtyard of an Armenian Catholic church. In the crypt are a strikingly attractive adoration chapel and part of a mosaic floor from a 5th-century church.

In the centre of the mosaic is depicted a pair of sandals, said to represent the spot where the suffering Mary was standing. Sixth Station: Column imbedded in wall recalls tradition that Veronica wiped Jesus’ face here (Seetheholyland.net) V: Simon of Cyrene helps Jesus carry his cross About 25 metres further along Al-Wad Road, the Via Dolorosa turns right. At the corner, the lintel over a doorway bears a Latin inscription marking the site where Simon, a visitor from present-day Libya, became involved in Jesus’ Passion. The Franciscan chapel here, dedicated to Simon the Cyrenian, is on the site of the Franciscans’ first house in Jerusalem, in 1229. VI: Veronica wipes the face of Jesus The Via Dolorosa now becomes a narrow, stepped street as it wends its way uphill. About 100 metres on the left, a wooden door with studded metal bands indicates the Greek Catholic (Melkite) Church of St Veronica. According to tradition, the face of Jesus was imprinted on the cloth she used to wipe it.

A cloth described as Veronica’s veil is reported to have been kept in St Peter’s Basilica in Rome since the 8th century. VII: Jesus falls the second time Seventh Station: Relief depicting Jesus’ second fall, in one of the chapels at the Station (Seetheholyland.net) About 75 metres further uphill, at the junction of the Via Dolorosa with Souq Khan al-Zeit, two Franciscan chapels, one above the other, mark the Seventh Station. Inside the lower chapel is a large stone column, part of the colonnaded Cardo Maximus, the main street of Byzantine Jerusalem, which ran from north to south. The position of this Station marks the western boundary of Jerusalem in Jesus’ time. It is believed he left the city here, through the Garden Gate, on his way to Calvary. VIII: Jesus consoles the women of Jerusalem Across Souq Khan al-Zeit and about 20 metres up a narrower street, the Eighth Station is opposite the Station VIII Souvenir Bazaar. On the wall of a Greek Orthodox monastery, beneath the number marker is a carved stone set at eye level.

It is distinguished by a Latin cross flanked by the Greek letters IC XC NI KA (meaning “Jesus Christ conquers”). Eighth Station: Stone in wall, carved with Latin cross (Seetheholyland.net) IX: Jesus falls the third time Now it is necessary to retrace one’s steps back towards the Seventh Station, and turn right along Souq Khan al-Zeit. Less than 100 metres on the right is a flight of 28 wide stone steps. At the top, a left turn along a winding lane for about 80 metres leads to the Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate, where the shaft of a Roman pillar to the left of the entrance marks Jesus’ third fall. Nearby is the Coptic Chapel of St Helen. To the left of the pillar, three steps lead to a terrace that is the roof of the Chapel of St Helena in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Here, in a cluster of primitive cells, live a community of Ethiopian Orthodox monks. X: Jesus is stripped of his garments The last five Stations of the Cross are situated inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre .

Ninth Station: Roman pillar in far corner marks Jesus’ third fall (Seetheholyland.net) If the door to the roof of the church is open, a short cut is possible. On the terrace, the second small door on the right leads into the Ethiopians’ upper chapel. Steps at the back descend to their lower chapel, where a door gives access to the courtyard of the Holy Sepulchre basilica. The Friday procession, however, returns along the winding lane and stone steps to Souq Khan al-Zeit, turning right after about 40 metres into Souq al-Dabbagha. After about 80 metres, bearing to the right, a small archway with the words “Holy Sepulchre” leads into the church courtyard. To the right inside the main door of the church, 19 steep and curving steps lead up to the chapels constructed above the rock of Calvary. The five Stations inside the church are not specifically marked.

Tenth Station: Interior of Chapel of the Franks, where the Tenth Station is located (Seetheholyland.net) After ascending the steps inside the door, immediately on the right is a window looking into a small worship space called the Chapel of the Franks (a name traditionally given to the Franciscans). Here, in what was formerly an external entrance to Calvary, the Tenth Station is located. XI: Jesus is nailed to the cross The Catholic Chapel of the Nailing to the Cross, in the right nave on Calvary, is the site of the Eleventh Station. On its ceiling is a 12th-century medallion of the Ascension of Jesus — the only surviving Crusader mosaic in the church. Eleventh Station: Catholic chapel on Calvary floor commemorates the nailing of Jesus to the cross (Seetheholyland.net) XII: Jesus dies on the cross The much more ornate Greek Orthodox Chapel of the Crucifixion, in the left nave of Calvary, is the Twelfth Station. A silver disc beneath the altar marks the place where it is believed the cross of Christ stood. The limestone rock of Calvary may be touched through a round hole in the disc.

XIII: Jesus is taken down from the cross Between the Catholic and Greek chapels, a Catholic altar of Our Lady of Sorrows, depicting Mary with a sword piercing her heart, commemorates the Thirteenth Station. XIV: Jesus is laid in the tomb Twelfth Station: Close-up of figure of Christ in Chapel of the Crucifixion (Picturesfree.org) Another flight of steep stairs at the left rear of the Greek chapel leads back to the ground floor. Downstairs and to the left, under the centre of the vast dome of the church, is a stone monument called an edicule (“little house”), its entrance flanked by rows of huge candles. This is the Tomb of Christ, the Fourteenth Station of the Cross. This stone monument encloses the tomb (sepulchre) where it is believed Jesus lay buried for three days — and where he rose from the dead on Easter Sunday morning.

Fourteenth Station: Edicule over the Tomb of Jesus (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) In Scripture: The crucifixion: Matthew 27:24-61; Mark 15:15-47; Luke 23:24-56; John 18:13—19:42 Resurrected Christ behind ornate lamps above the door of the edicule (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) The empty tomb: Matthew 28:1-10; Mark 16:1-8; Luke: 24:1-12; John 20:1-10 Administered by: Franciscan Custody of the Holy Land Tel.: 972-2-6272692 Muslim escorts at Good Friday procession (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Bronze discs mark Stations on the Via Dolorosa; the crossed arms are a Franciscan symbol (Seetheholyland.net) Pilgrims on the Via Dolorosa (Seetheholyland.net) Route of the Via Dolorosa (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) First Station: Franciscan fri

ars begin the Friday observance in the courtyard of the Umariyya School (Seetheholyland.net) First Station: Courtyard of Umariyya School, where Friday procession begins (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) First Station: Pilgrims carry a cross through the courtyard of the Umariyya School (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Second Station: Ecce Homo Arch over Via Dolorosa, with Sisters of Zion convent at right (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Pilgrims at Chapel of the Flagellation (© Israel Ministry of Tourism) Second Station: Model of old Jerusalem outside Chapel of the Condemnation.

It shows Third Wall at right and Calvary and the Tomb of Christ in upper centre, outside Second Wall (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Grounds of the Chapel of the Condemnation (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Jesus is condemned, a tableau in Chapel of the Condemnation (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Jesus takes up his cross, in Chapel of the Condemnation (Tom Callinan/Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Stained-glass window in Chapel of the Flagellation (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Crown of thorns in dome of Chapel of the Flagellation (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Chapel of the Condemnation (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Second Station: Entrance to Chapel of the Flagellation, with the Chapel of the Condemnation behind it (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Second Station: Part of Ecce Homo Arch (right) in wall of Sisters of Zion chapel (© Israel Ministry of Tourism) Second Station: Roman soldiers’ game in Lithostrotos pavement under Zion Sisters convent (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Second Station: Mosaic of Jesus beside an

 ancient Roman pavement, the Lithostrotos, under Sisters of Zion convent (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Franciscan friars at the Station marker (Seetheholyland.net) Second Station: Entrance to Chapel of the Flagellation, with the Chapel of the Condemnation behind it (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Third Station: Shocked angels look on the fallen Jesus, in the Third Station chapel (Seetheholyland.net) Third Station: Franciscan flag above pilgrims’ heads (Seetheholyland.net) Third Station: Relief depicting Jesus’ first fall (Seetheholyland.net) Fourth Station: Sculpture depicting Jesus meeting his Mother (Seetheholyland.net) Fourth Station: Bronze disk marker (James Emery) Fourth Station: Armenian Catholic church (Seetheholyland.net) Fourth Station: Relief depicting Jesus meeting his Mother (Seetheholyland.net) Fourth Station: Mary’s sandals in 5th-century mosaic floor (Seetheholyland.net) Fourth Station: Graphic representation of the fallen Jesus in the Armenian church (Seetheholyland.net) Fourth Station: Armenian Catholic adoration chapel (Seetheholyland.net) Fifth Station:

 Door lintel records Simon of Cyrene’s carrying of the cross (Seetheholyland.net) Fifth Station: Pilgrims on the Way of the Cross (Seetheholyland.net) Fifth Station: Stone in wall, said to bear the imprint of Jesus’ hand (Seetheholyland.net) Fifth Station: Relief showing Simon of Cyrene helping to carry the cross (Seetheholyland.net) Sixth Station: Friday procession stops to pray (Seetheholyland.net) Sixth Station: Close-up of column in wall (Seetheholyland.net) Seventh Station: Relief depicting Jesus’ second fall, in one of the chapels at the Station (Seetheholyland.net) Seventh Station: Franciscan friar leads prayers (Seetheholyland.net) Seventh Station: Altar in one of the chapels at the Station (Seetheholyland.net) Seventh Station: This was on the western boundary of the city in Jesus’ time (Seetheholyland.net) Seventh Station: Roman column at the western boundary of Jerusalem in Jesus’ time (Seetheholyland.net) Eighth Station: Stone in wall, carved with Latin cross (Seetheholyland.net) Eighth Station:

 Close-up of stone, with Greek initials meaning “Jesus Christ conquers” (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Ninth Station: Roman pillar in far corner marks Jesus’ third fall (Seetheholyland.net) Ninth Station: Pilgrims outside Coptic Orthodox Patriarchate (Seetheholyland.net) Ninth Station: Coptic Orthodox Chapel of St Helen (Seetheholyland.net) Church of the Redeemer bell tower seen from the roof of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Seetheholyland.net) Ninth Station: Ethiopian Orthodox Chapel of St Anthony provides short cut to Holy Sepulchre Church (Tom Callinan / Seetheholyland.net) Parvis (courtyard) of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Seetheholyland.net) Tenth Station: Chapel of the Franks at top of steps, now closed.

(© Deror Avi) Tenth Station: Abraham preparing to kill Isaac, mosaic above window to Chapel of the Franks (Caleb Zahnd) Tenth Station: Interior of Chapel of the Franks (Seetheholyland.net) Eleventh Station: Catholic chapel on Calvary floor commemorates the nailing of Jesus to the cross (Seetheholyland.net) Eleventh Station: Mosaic in Catholic Chapel of the Nailing to the Cross Eleventh Station: Close-up of mosaic of Jesus nailed to the cross (Seetheholyland.net) Twelfth Station: Greek Orthodox Chapel of the Crucifixion Twelfth Station: Greek Orthodox Chapel of the Crucifixion (Seetheholyland.net) Twelfth Station: Close-up of crucifix in Chapel of the Crucifixion Twelfth Station: Close-up of figure of Christ in Chapel of the Crucifixion (Picturesfree.org) Twelfth Station: Close-up of face of Virgin Mary in Chapel of the Crucifixion (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Twelfth Station: Disc marking traditional place where Jesus’ cross stood, in Chapel of the Crucifixion (c Adriatikus) Thirteenth Station: Catholic altar of Our Lady of Sorrows Th

irteenth Station: Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) Fourteenth Station: Front of edicule over the Tomb of Christ (Seetheholyland.net) Rolling-stone tomb of the type in which Jesus was buried (Biblicalisraeltours.com) The resurrected Christ behind ornate lamps above the door of the edicule (© Custodia Terrae Sanctae) References Bar-Am, Aviva: Beyond the Walls: Churches of Jerusalem (Ahva Press, 1998) Beitzel, Barry J.: Biblica, The Bible Atlas: A Social and Historical Journey Through the Lands of the Bible (Global Book Publishing, 2007) Brownrigg, Ronald: Come, See the Place: A Pilgrim Guide to the Holy Land (Hodder and Stoughton, 1985) Freeman-Grenville, G.

S. P.: The Holy Land: A Pilgrim’s Guide to Israel, Jordan and the Sinai (Continuum Publishing, 1996) Gonen, Rivka: Biblical Holy Places: An illustrated guide (Collier Macmillan, 1987) Hibbs, Jon: “Jerusalem: Pilgrims and Playboys”, The Telegraph, April 3, 1999 Jacobs, Daniel: Jerusalem: The Mini Rough Guide (Rough Guides, 1999) Mackowski, Richard M.: Jerusalem: City of Jesus (William B.

Eerdmans, 1980) Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome: Keys to Jerusalem (Oxford University Press, 2012) Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome: The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700 (Oxford University Press, 2005) Pixner, Bargil: With Jesus in Jerusalem – his First and Last Days in Judea (Corazin Publishing, 1996) Walker, Peter: In the Steps of Jesus (Zondervan, 2006) Zohar, Gil: “X Marks the Spot”, Associated Christian Press Bulletin, January-February 2009 External links Via Dolorosa - the way of grief Via Dolorosa Via Dolorosa ("Way of Grief" in Latin) is a road in the old city of Jerusalem, a path where Jesus was lead in agony, carrying the crucifixion cross. There are a total of 14 stations along this path.

Luke 23, 26: "And as they led him away..." Home > Sites > Jerusalem > Via Dolorosa (Via Crucis) Overview: Via Dolorosa ("Way of Grief" in Latin) is a road in the old city of Jerusalem, a path where Jesus was lead in agony, carrying the crucifixion cross. There are a total of 14 stations along this path, based on events that occurred on the way to the Golgotha hill, the site of crucifixion, which is located at the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Eight stations are marked along the old city road, while 6 additional stations are places in the compound of the church. Location: Via Dolorosa is located within the old city of Jerusalem. It starts from the place where he was tried and convicted - near the Lions' gate on the eastern side (Muslim quarter). It ends in the crucifixion place, Golgotha, where the Church of the Holy Sepulcher is located in the west side of the old city (Christian quarter).

The path is shown (in a bright blue line) on the model of the Byzantine city (displayed at St Peter Gallicantu church), with indication of the 14 stations. You can point and click on a purple point to navigate to the selected station. Photos: The photos are arranged in the order of the stations. The 60+ photos shown below are a sample of the many sites along the Via Dolorosa path. Station 1: Jesus is condemned to death Station 1 is located on the north-west corner of the temple mount, across the street from the Franciscan convent of the Flagellation (station 2). This is the present position of a the Al-Omariya school, as seen in the photo below with the round sign "I" (which is "1" in Roman numerals). The site was in the Roman times the place of the seat of Pontius Pilate, located in the Antonia fortress, and the place of the hall of judgment. John 18-28: "Then led they Jesus from Caiaphas unto the hall of judgment".

Jesus is condemned to death by Pontius Pilate, as per John 19:16: "Then delivered he him therefore unto them to be crucified". Click on the photos to view in higher resolution... The school's yard is seen below. In the background is the grey dome of the Notre Dame de Sion Ecce Homo, a convent which is located along Via Dolorosa. This place, once the Antonia fortress, is located exactly north of the temple mount. The photo below shows the view from the school's yard, with the Golden dome of the rock on the left. The photo below shows a view of the first section of the Via Dolorosa road, looking towards Mount of Olives (seen in the far background). Mount of Olives is accessible through the Lions' (St. Stephen's) gate which is located at the edge of this road. Along the left side are the walls of the Franciscan monastery. Station 2: Jesus receives His Cross The second station is located near the compound of the Franciscan monastery, across the street from the first station. It is seen below, behind the sign with the station number "II".

At this station Jesus receives the cross (John 19:17, 19): "And he bearing his cross went forth into a place called the place of a skull, which is called in the Hebrew Golgotha...And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross...". In the Franciscan compound are two churches - the Flagellation and the Condemnation . This photo below shows a view of the interior of the Flagellation church , with 3 remarkable stained-glass windows illustrating Pontius Pilate washing his hands from the sin (on the left); flogging Jesus and placing a crown of thorns over the head (center); and Barrabbas rejoices on his release instead of Jesus (on the right). A detail of the front stained-glass window illustrates the event of station 1: Jesus is convicted, flogged, and the soldiers place a crown of thorns. Asa per John 19 1-3: "Then Pilate therefore took Jesus, and scourged him. And the soldiers platted a crown of thorns, and put it on his head, and they put on him a purple robe, And said, Hail, King of the Jews!

and they smote him with their hands". The altar of the adjacent church of Condemnation is seen below. According to tradition, this was the site where Jesus took up his cross after being sentenced. For more information, check the sites of the churches of the Flagellation and the Condemnation . Between Station 2 and Station 3 are other interesting sites. The central opening of the arch of Ecce Homo (Latin for "behold the man"), seen below, is part of an Early Roman arch which had triple openings. Built as a triumphal arch in 135 AD, in honor of the visit of Emperor Hadrian, this was part of the Antonia fortress. The northern opening of the Ecce Homo arch is embedded in the Ecce Homo basilica (dated 1868). This well preserved section is seen in the center of the photo below. According to tradition, this is the site Pilate presented Jesus to the crowds (John 19 5): "Then came Jesus forth, wearing the crown of thorns, and the purple robe. And Pilate saith unto them, Behold the man!".

Station 3: Jesus falls the first time under His Cross This station is located on the corner of via Dolorosa and El Wad (Hagai) street, which is seen in the photo below. At this point Via Dolorosa makes a sharp turn to the south-east, following the direction of the western side of the temple mount, until it turns again westwards at the fifth station. At station 3 Jesus falls for the first time under the weight of the cross that he is carrying. A stone tablet can be seen in the center of the photo below, with Jesus fallen on the floor under the cross. At this site is the Polish church, seen below on the right side. The Austro-Hungarian hospice, which serves as a hospital, is seen on the left background. The entrance to the chapel of the third station is seen in detail in the photo below. This small chapel was built during the 15th century by the Armenian Catholic church. In 1947-48 it was renovated with the financial assistance of the Polish army. The hall in the entrance of the chapel is seen below. The painting on the wall shows Jesus falling under the weight of the cross, with the angels watching and praying.

From the entrance you pass through a gift shop, climb down the staircase, and reach the chapel of the 3rd station. The chapel is actually located in the crypt of the Polish Catholic church, seen below. Around the walls of the church are paintings of the way of the cross: Another painting is seen below. Station 4: Jesus meets Mary His Mother This 4th station is located very close to station 3, further south on El-Wad (Hagai) street. Here, Jesus met his mother Mary according to the tradition. An Armenian church ("Armenian Church of Our Lady of the Spasm") is located behind the walls of this site. As per John 19, 26: "When Jesus therefore saw his mother, and the disciple standing by, whom he loved, he saith unto his mother, Woman, behold thy son!". It is interesting to see a short section of the Roman/Byzantine street between the 3rd and 4th stations. This pavement was probably part of the "secondary" Cardo , which once connected the Damascus (Shchem) gate to the Dung (Ha-Ashpot) gate in the south, as seen in the Madaba map.

Although the stones were paved several hundred years later, they followed the same route of the Roman street that existed during the times of Jesus. The may have been part of the Roman street, so conceivably Jesus could have walked on the stones(1). (1) Correction by S. Browns Station 5: Simon helps Jesus to carry His Cross The 5th station is located at the corner of Via Dolorosa road and El-Wad ("The Gai") road. At this corner the road turns sharply to the right, and then starts climbing up the hill with a series of stairs. A small Franciscan church is located at this station, dedicated to Simon the Cyrenian, who assisted Jesus with the cross. This is based on Luke 23, 26: "And as they led him away, they laid hold upon one Simon, a Cyrenian, coming out of the country, and on him they laid the cross, that he might bear it after Jesus". Note that Cyrenia is located in modern Lybia. This small chapel was established in 1229 - the Franciscan's first site in Jerusalem.

An old square stone, located on the right side of the structure, has a cavity which is said to be the imprint of Jesus hand. Station 6: Veronica wipes the face of Jesus Station 6 is further west up the hill, and is dedicated to the woman (St. Veronica) who wiped Jesus face. This is based on Luke 23, 27: "And there followed him a great company of people, and of women, which also bewailed and lamented him". Her name, Veronica, may have been based on the Latin words "Vera"+"Icon", or "true image" - the face of Jesus on the woman's handkerchief. A small Greek Catholic chapel is located at this station. It is named "The Holy Face", since Veronica wiped Jesus face with a silk veil. The front door, located on the left is usually closed. Behind the right blue door is a little shop of the Little Sisters of Jesus, who sell icons. On the old stone pillar, seen between the two blue doors, is an inscription with the station's name. After entering the right door, and turning left, you stand at the end of a long chamber, as seen below.

The interior of the Holy Face chapel is a small cave-like chamber. A few burning candles light up the darkness. In contradiction to the busy street outside, this chapel is a safe haven of tranquility. A closer detail of the simple stone altar is seen below. On a lower level, hiding in pitch darkness, are chambers of the crypt. A stone plate commemorates the visit of Pope Paul VI in 1964 (VI visits the VI...). Station 7: Jesus falls the second time The 7th station, according to the tradition, marks the place where Jesus passed through the Gate of Judgment, along the streets of Jerusalem. This street in one of the busiest in the old city, as it may have been during Jesus times. It was an intersection of the Cardo Maximus and a transverse street of the Roman Aelia-Capitolina, and in modern days an intersection of Via Dolorosa with Khan es-Zeit (the Oil Market). The way up hill and the pressure of the city had its toll: Jesus falls here for the second time under the weight of the cross. Behind the doors is a small chapel, with stairs leading to the second level (which is closed to the public).

The Franciscans took possession of the chapel in 1875. The framed picture shows the scene of Jesus falling under the weight of the cross. Under this altar is a wall painting, seen below. It also shows the scene of Jesus falling under the weight of the cross. On the left of the fallen Jesus is a Roman column, which was found in this site. The second chapel is located on the right side of the entrance, with three steps that lead down to its hall. A 2nd C Roman column, whose base is seen in the center of the photo below, blocks part of the passage. The column above its base is made of red stone. Passed the Roman column is the chapel of the seventh station. A golden statue of Jesus, falling under the weight of the cross, hangs on the center wall. The seventh station is located on a junction of the busy streets in the center of the old city of Jerusalem. The Via Dolorosa procession takes place every Friday at 3pm , starting from Station 1, and is led by the Franciscans. It is recommended to follow them along the route.

Station 8: Jesus speaks to the women of Jerusalem Station 8 is located closest to the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , and is dedicated by the Greek Orthodox to Saint Charalampos; their monastery is located behind the wall. The station is based on Luke 23, 27: "But Jesus turning unto them said, Daughters of Jerusalem, weep not for me, but weep for yourselves, and for your children". A stone with a monogram, embedded into the wall, marks the station ("IC-XC NI-KA", means : Jesus Christ conquers). The Via Dolorosa procession on Friday afternoon is seen in the photo below stopping at station 8. A German hospice (with the sign of the red star) is located near the station, and is seen in the background. Station 9: Jesus falls the third time Further up the hill and close to the place of crucifixion, Golgotha, Jesus falls the 3rd time. The 9th station is adjacent to the Holy Sepulcher - the tomb of Jesus. On the way to the station the road winds around the Coptic patriarchate building, through a narrow alley.

The photo below shows the east side of the Holy Sepulcher at Golgotha, which is seen in the far background. Pilgrims that follow the path of Via dolorosa are seen below, reading verses and singing while holding a wooden cross. The alley leads to the station, which is located on the north-eastern wall of the Holy Sepulcher. The station is marked by a cross on a pillar, which is seen below, located on the wall of the Coptic Patriarchate. The green door on the left leads to the yard of the Holy Sepulcher. Near station 9 is a small Coptic Orthodox church of St. Helen. Inside the church of St. Helen is a large underground water cistern that is accessed by a staircase. According to the Coptic church it was discovered in the 4th C by Constantine's mother Helen, and provides water to the Church of Holy sepulcher. Don't miss this enchanting cool site, but walk down carefully. Around the 9th station are other several interesting sites, located behind the Holy Sepulcher. The cupola seen on the right is the top of the underground Armenian Chapel of St Helen .

On the left side of this roof courtyard is the entrance to the Ethiopian church of St. Michael. On the far (hidden) left are quarters of the Ethiopian monks. A Coptic church is located near this courtyard. It can be entered by a staircase from the courtyard. On the right wall of this small church is a painting of a Biblical scene (1 Kings 10:1) - King Solomon receiving the Queen of Sheba. This church can also be entered from the Holy Sepulcher's front yard. The entrance of the church is seen below, located on the right side of the Holy Sepulcher. The front yard of the Holy Sepulcher is seen below, with the Coptic church in the center, the Ethiopian chapel on its left side, and the Chapel of the Franks (the location of the next station) on the far left. Station 10: Jesus is stripped of His garments At this station Jesus was stripped off his clothes, as in Mark 15,24: "And when they had crucified him, they parted his garments, casting lots upon them, what every man should take".

Station 10 is located at the entrance of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , in the room called the Chapel of the Franks. It is seen in the photo below on the right side, with stairs that lead to the small chapel. A closer view of the Chapel of the Franks at Station 10 is seen below. The interior of the small chapel is seen below. The wall on its left side is the location of station 11 inside the Holy Sepulcher. Under the chapel is a Greek-Orthodox chapel named of St. Mary of Egypt, a 5th C hermit who is the patron saint of penitents for the Greek Orthodox. Its door is seen on the ground level directly under the Chapel of the Franks. On the right side is the entrance to the Ethiopian chapel. Station 11: Jesus is nailed to the cross Reaching the place of crucifixion, the hill called Golgotha, Jesus is nailed to the cross. This station is located inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre , just behind the wall of the 10th station. This is the Latin (Franciscan) altar on Calvary (place of the skull - Golgotha).

Station 14: Jesus is laid in the tomb This is the final station of Via Dolorosa, located in round hall (" Rotunda "). The tomb of Jesus is located in a smaller structure in the center of the circle. The first chamber is called the Chapel of the Angel . Behind the Chapel is another narrow door which leads to a smaller inner chamber - the tomb of Jesus. Parts of the tomb's interior is seen below. A marble lid covers the tomb. Thus ends the journey of the "way of the Grief". It ended here, but a new journey sparked from this end , starting a new faith which changed the World. Via Dolorosa - Latin for the "Way of Grief" Via Crucis - Way of the Cross - another name for this path Sepulchre/Sepulcher - burial vault. From Latin: Sepulchrum. Based on sepultus - to bury the dead. Golgotha - In Aramic , based on the Hebrew word: Golgoleth which is "skull". Refers to a hill where the burial site of Jesus - the Church of Holy Sepulchre, in the Christian sector of the old city of Jerusalem.

As in Matthew 27:33: "And when they were come unto a place called Golgotha, that is to say, a place of a skull". The meaning of the name may be either due to the practice of burying the skull. It can also refer to a rock that looks like a skull. Calvary (Calvariae) - from Roman: place of skull. The name of the hill where Jesus was crucified and buried. Luke 23:33: "And when they were come to the place, which is called Calvary, there they crucified him..." City Walk: Following Steps of Jesus Walking Tour in Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel Following Steps of Jesus Walking Tour in Jerusalem, Jerusalem Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and SuperJew This self-guided walking tour is included in the iOS app " Jerusalem Map and Walks " on iTunes App Store and the Android app " Jerusalem Map and Walks " on Google Play. Jerusalem was considered for centuries to be the center of the universe. The most famous figure in the history of mankind, Jesus Christ, fulfilled his divine mission in this city. This self-guided tour will retrace the steps of Jesus to show you some of the holiest places in the world.

Following Steps of Jesus Walking Tour in Jerusalem - Route Map Guide Name: Following Steps of Jesus Walking Tour in Jerusalem Guide Type: Self-guided Walking Tour (Sightseeing) # of Attractions: 9 Author: vickyc 1) Pater Noster Church The Pater Noster Church is built on the site in Jerusalem where Jesus was thought to have taught his disciples the Lord’s Prayer. The name in Latin means “Our Father.” It is almost impossible to tell if this spot is the exact location of the teaching, we only know that the he did teach in a cave on the Mount of Olives. The first church to be built on this site was commissioned by Constantine in 330, and that church suffered heavy damage in 614 at the hands of the Persians. The Crusaders... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and משוש30 Sight description based on wikipedia 2) Chapel of the Ascension The Chapel of the Ascension in Jerusalem is a house of worship that is sacred to both Christians and Muslims. It is believed to mark the place where Jesus ascended into heaven. In addition there is a stone located here that supposedly is an imprint of Jesus’ feet.

Before the point in history where Emperor Constantine was converted to the faith, early believers held special celebrations honoring Christ’s return to heaven in a small cave located on the Mount of Olives. Most likely, the... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and adriatikus 3) Garden of Gethsemane The Garden of Gethsemane lies at the bottom of the Mount of Olives. The name means “oil press” and most certainly refers to the fact that this area was used to press olive oil in the time of Jesus. It is now walled, but it is still a lovely place to visit and perhaps pray. The Church of All Nations was built here in 1924. This house of worship is also known as the Basilica of the Agony. Two other holy places have also occupied this spot. One was a Byzantine style building that was built... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Svetlana Makarova 4) Dominus Flevit Church If you translate the name of this place into English it means “the Lord wept.” In fact the building was constructed like a teardrop. The design was meant to symbolize the tears of Christ.

This is reportedly the place where Jesus has his “great lament” for the people of Israel, and predicts the future destruction of the second temple. Many would go so far as to say he also foretold the Diaspora of the Jewish people. (Luke 19:37-42) Like many similar religious buildings, it sits on an... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Herwig Reidlinger 5) Bethesda The Pool of Bethesda is a small body of water that is located in the Muslim section of Jerusalem. It is on the way to Beth Zeta Valley. In the Christian Bible, there is an account of such a place that was reported to have been near the Sheep Gate, and was encircled by five grand colonnades. The water is considered to have healing properties. There is no conclusive proof that this is the pool talked about in the Gospel, but many still find this place to be sacred none the less. Its existence... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Berthold Werner 6) Via Dolorosa Via Dolorosa is Latin for the “Way of Grief” or the “Way of Suffering”.

It is interesting that while most signs in Jerusalem are in Hebrew, English and Arabic, this one road is just given the Latin name. This road is popular among Christian pilgrims who believe it traces the steps that Jesus took carrying his cross on the way to his crucifixion. 14 stations mark the path along the route, including the five that are in the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. Although anyone can walk the Via... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Remi Jouan 7) Notre Dame de Sion Ecce Homo Convent Notre Dame De Sion Ecce Homo Convent is the first station of the cross located on the Via Dolorosa. It takes its name from the statement Pilate made as he presented Jesus to the mob and said “Behold, the man.” This is the place where Jesus as well as other prisoners were tortured before crucifixion. There are several caves and tunnels to see, and they still stand witness to the games the Roman soldiers played with their prisoners while they were being tortured. The Convent also houses a...

view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Berthold Werner 8) Garden Tomb The Garden Tomb, which is also known by the name of Gordon’s Calvary, is located in Jerusalem, just outside the Damascus Gate. It is a burial site cut of the rock of the mountain. For some, this is the true location of the burial and resurrection spot for Jesus. Many also contend this is the real Golgotha. This is in contradiction to the traditional beliefs that hold that the location is at the Church of the Holy Sepulcher. The theory behind this place starts in 1883, when General Charles... view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Dennis1980 9) Dormition Abbey Dormition Abbey is built upon the site that traditionally is thought to be where the Blessed Virgin Mary died. It was constructed in the early 1900s as a German Benedictine Abbey on top of Mount Zion, just outside of the city walls at the Zion Gate. It sits atop a Byzantine church that lay in ruins called Hagia-Maria-Scion and sometimes the abbey is known by that name. The Byzantine Church was built by Christians several hundred years after the death of Jesus. It was destroyed, and several...

view more Image Courtesy of Wikimedia and Wilson44691 The Most Popular Cities The Way of the Cross The Way of the Cross Written by John Abela, ofm and Michael Olteanu, based on research by Albert Storm (SBF - Jerusalem). Photographs courtesy of Christus Rex, Inc. The meaning of the Way of the Cross The Way of the Cross is not a work of erudition. It is essentially a devotional exercise, a means which men and women can use to make contact with God, to adore Him, to thank Him, to increase their love for Him. Devotion to the sufferings of Christ, is particularly recommended for all who wish to live "upon the model of that charity which Christ showed to us when he gave himself up on our behalf." Because the Passion was accomplished in a specific place, it is obviously important to know its geographical and physical layout. This includes the many changes the Holy Land has undergone since Gospel times, together with the buildings and churches that have risen over the actual spots, all of which could add to the confusion experienced by certain pilgrims.

The road followed by Jesus on the day of his death has not escaped the vicissitudes of history; so we will not yield to the temptation of making stones the supreme arbiter in this matter. After all, it is by following the Way of the Cross that pilgrims have understood what the carrying of the cross was really like, through streets resembling those where crowds of people, often impassible, sometimes curious, still gather in front of the shops. (While the closing of the Moslem shops may be a help to piety, it has taken from the Friday procession the teeming crowds which were customary before 1967). Finally, what really matters is to follow Christ on the Way of the Cross of his Passion, as humble companions. The Stations "Via Dolorosa" or "Via Crucis" designates a stretch of road between the Antonia fortress and Golgotha, along which Jesus Christ walked bowed under the weight of the Cross. The name dates from the sixteenth century, although the custom of retracing Jesus' steps to Golgotha began in the early centuries of Christianity. According to the most common tradition the Antonia fortress and the Praetorium nearby were the sites where Jesus was brought before Pilate.

The fortress, which stood near the north-west corner of the Jewish Temple, was the starting point for Jesus' painful walk toward Calvary, which at that time was outside the city walls. The Stations X through XIV are located inside the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. Since the middle of the last century, without interruptions, the Franciscans, Custodians of the Holy Places since the thirteenth century, carry out this devotion along the roads of the Old City of Jerusalem every Friday afternoon at 3:00pm (solar time). It is true that even prior to this date, since the middle ages the devotions towards the various "stations" was celebrated by the Friars and pilgrims alike. But there was also a period when the Franciscans were forbidden to perform any form of public prayer, including the Way of the Cross. The procession is lead by the Franciscan Custos of the Holy Land, or his representative. The Friars gather in the courtyard of El-Omari Madrasah (school of Islamic studies) from all the different friaries of Jerusalem, especially that of Saint Saviour.

Accompanied by the "kawas" (a sort of bodyguard dressed in a Turkish costume) the procession winds up through the narrow streets of the city. Hundreds of pilgrims and local residents take part in this weekly public Christian manifestation in a city with a Moslem-Jewish majority. In front of each station the relative gospel or another scripture text is read accompanied by a prayer. It is performed in Italian and English all year round but during the Fridays of Lent, when the number of participants grow into the thousands, it is also performed in Arabic as the local Christian population has a particular devotion during these Fridays of Lent. Between each station hymns are sung, especially the Stabat Mater, and prayers are recited. The First Station - Here Jesus is sentenced to death. It is since the 16th century that the first Station of the Way of the Cross in Jerusalem is situated at this site where the Antonia Fortress stood. Most of the buildings go back to the first half of the 19th century and were used for a long time as barracks. The whole is of little architectural interest. Before 1927 the only elements on any importance was a construction erected in the southern wing identified as a medieval chapel.

The site of el- Omariyye College is only one part of what tradition considered to be the Praetorium of Pilate. The other part took up the northern side of the street. The Second Station - Here Jesus is given the Cross. The place was only a mound of ruins, when in 1838, it was granted to the Franciscans by Ibrahim Pasha, conqueror of the Turks. Hastily rebuilt in the following year thanks to the generosity of Maximilian of Bavaria, the chapel was entirely restored in 1927-29 by A. Barluzzi, inspired here by the 12th century architecture. The three magnificent stained glass windows in the choir are the work of L. Picchiarini after the design of D. Cambellotti; they represent The Scourging, The Washing of Hands and The Triumph of Barabbas. The Third Station - Here Jesus falls for the first time. On the site of a part of the former Turkish baths, on the left of the street coming from Damascus Gate, a chapel was built in the second half of the 19th century.

This chapel was renovated in 1947-48 thanks to the generosity of Polish soldiers. The place belongs to the Armenian Catholic Patriarchate. The Fourth Station - Here Jesus meets His Mother. The site of the chapel coincides with that of the former chapel known as "Chapel of the Fainting" mentioned by ancient pilgrims. The event of Jesus' meeting with his mother is not narrated in the Gospels but comes out of the pious tradition. The oratory is marked by a sculpture above the doorway by the Polish artist T. Zielinski. The Fifth Station - Here Simon the Cyrenian helps carry the Cross. All the Synoptic Gospels mention this event. There is a small Franciscan chapel at the corner where Tyropeon Valley turns toward the Market Road (on the right, in the east-west direction). This chapel marks the devotion of the Cyrenian helping Jesus to carry the Cross. The Sixth Station - Here Veronica wipes the face of Jesus. A Greek Catholic Church preserves the memory of the meeting between Jesus and Veronica. According to tradition, Veronica wiped Christ's face with a silk veil on which His features remained imprinted.

The holy relic of this meeting, Veronica's veil, has been kept since the eight century in Saint Peter's Basilica (Rome). The Seventh Station - Here Jesus falls the second time. Inside the Seventh Station. The Franciscans took possession of this chapel in 1875 and they built over it two superimposed chapels. Within the chapel are the remains of a large column of red stone coming from the remains of the Tetrapylon of Aelia Capitolina. The Eighth Station - Here Jesus meets the Women of Jerusalem. A carved Cross marks the spot of the Eight Station. A stone embedded in the wall of the Greek, Monastery of Saint Haralambos has a Latin Cross and the Greek words "Jesus-Christ conquers." The site of the Eighth Station has been recorded at this spot since the middle of the 19th century when the Franciscans moved the commemoration site to beyond the "Judgement Gate." The Ninth Station - Here Jesus falls the third time. Interior of the Coptic Church of Saint Anthony next to the Ninth Station.

The spot of Jesus' third fall as he neared Calvary was originally located in the courtyard of the Holy Sepulchre and it was marked by a stone with a cross engraved on it. The interruption of the Way of the Cross in the 16th century seems to have erased the memory of the original site. Later on, the current site was designated as the Ninth Station, in the immediate vicinity of the Church of Saint Anthony. The Tenth Station - Here Jesus is stripped of His garments. The Frankish Chapel in the Facade of the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. The spur of Calvary today lies within the Church of the Holy Sepulchre. When you enter the main door of the church a stairway on your right takes you to the spot where Jesus faced the death sentence. A great part of the platform of Calvary rests on an infrastructure. Only the eastern part rests directly onto the rock. The Tenth Station is located at the beginning of the nave on the right. The Eleventh Station - Here Jesus is nailed to the Cross. The altar of the Nailing to the Cross. This Latin nave was restored in 1937 by A. Barluzzi.

The altar of silvered bronze is a gift of Ferdinand I de Medici. It is claimed to be the work of the Dominican Domenico Portigiani (1588) and was originally meant for the Stone of Unction. The altar panels represent the scenes of the Passion. The Twelfth Station - Here Jesus dies on the Cross. The altar of the Crucifixion. Tradition places the erection of the cross and the death of Jesus in the eastern part of the nave on the left. A silver disk with a central hole, underneath the Greek Orthodox altar, marks the spot where the Cross stood. The site of the crucifixion has been fixed since Constantine's time when at this site he had erected a wooden cross replaced in 417 by the Emperor Theodosius II with another cross made of gold and precious stones. The Thirteenth Station - Here Jesus is taken down from the Cross. Coming down from Calvary, on the way to the Holy Sepulchre, in front of the main entrance of the Church, lies what has become known as the Stone of the Unction.

In Jerusalem the scene of the taking down from the Cross was usually linked to that of the anointing, and located to the west of Calvary on the spot where, before the Crusaders, stood the Chapel of Saint Mary. The spot of the Anointing has been venerated since the end of the 13th century. The stone covers the rock on which the body of Jesus would have rested. Early pilgrims described this stone as black, green or white. Today it consists of a red polished block. The Fourteenth Station - Here Jesus is laid in the Sepulchre. The actual sepulchral chamber is a small and awe-inspiring candle-lit space. A marble slab, laid there in 1555 by Fr. Boniface of Ragusa, Franciscan Guardian of Mount Sion, protects the rock of the tomb. Over the tomb, there are a great number of silver lamps, which belong to the three Christian denominations who share the property of the tomb: Catholic, Greek Orthodox and Armenian Orthodox. It is here that Christ completed His earthly mission before His glorious Resurrection in accordance with the prophecies. The Fifteenth Station - Here Jesus rises from the dead.

The Aedicula of the Holy Sepulchre from where Jesus rose from the dead. "He told them, "This is what is written: The Christ will suffer and rise from the dead on the third day, and repentance and forgiveness of sins will be preached in his name to all nations, beginning at Jerusalem. You are witnesses of these things" (Luke 24:46-48).

Question: What name is given to the road in Jerusalem said to be the path that Jesus took carrying his cross?
Answer: Via Dolorosa