Albert Schweitzer - Biographical Albert Schweitzer The Nobel Peace Prize 1952 Albert Schweitzer Share this: Albert Schweitzer - Biographical Albert Schweitzer (January 14, 1875-September 4, 1965) was born into an Alsatian family which for generations had been devoted to religion, music, and education. His father and maternal grandfather were ministers; both of his grandfathers were talented organists; many of his relatives were persons of scholarly attainments. Schweitzer entered into his intensive theological studies in 1893 at the University of Strasbourg where he obtained a doctorate in philosophy in 1899, with a dissertation on the religious philosophy of Kant, and received his licentiate in theology in 1900. He began preaching at St. Nicholas Church in Strasbourg in 1899; he served in various high ranking administrative posts from 1901 to 1912 in the Theological College of St.Thomas, the college he had attended at the University of Strasbourg.

In 1906 he published The Quest of the Historical Jesus, a book on which much of his fame as a theological scholar rests. Meanwhile he continued with a distinguished musical career initiated at an early age with piano and organ lessons. Only nine when he first performed in his father's church, he was, from his young manhood to his middle eighties, recognized as a concert organist, internationally known. From his professional engagements he earned funds for his education, particularly his later medical schooling, and for his African hospital. Musicologist as well as performer, Schweitzer wrote a biography of Bach in 1905 in French, published a book on organ building and playing in 1906, and rewrote the Bach book in German in 1908. Having decided to go to Africa as a medical missionary rather than as a pastor, Schweitzer in 1905 began the study of medicine at the University of Strasbourg. In 1913, having obtained his M.D. degree, he founded his hospital at Lambaréné in French Equatorial Africa, but in 1917 he and his wife were sent to a French internment camp as prisoners of war.

Released in 1918, Schweitzer spent the next six years in Europe, preaching in his old church, giving lectures and concerts, taking medical courses, writing On the Edge of the Primeval Forest, The Decay and Restoration of Civilization, Civilization and Ethics, and Christianity and the Religions of the World. Schweitzer returned to Lambaréné in 1924 and except for relatively short periods of time, spent the remainder of his life there. With the funds earned from his own royalties and personal appearance fees and with those donated from all parts of the world, he expanded the hospital to seventy buildings which by the early 1960's could take care of over 500 patients in residence at any one time. At Lambaréné, Schweitzer was doctor and surgeon in the hospital, pastor of a congregation, administrator of a village, superintendent of buildings and grounds, writer of scholarly books, commentator on contemporary history, musician, host to countless visitors. The honors he received were numerous, including the Goethe Prize of Frankfurt and honorary doctorates from many universities emphasizing one or another of his achievements.

The Nobel Peace Prize for 1952, having been withheld in that year, was given to him on December 10, 1953. With the $33,000 prize money, he started the leprosarium at Lambaréné. Albert Schweitzer died on September 4, 1965, and was buried at Lambaréné. Copyright © The Nobel Foundation 1952 Selected Bibliography Anderson, Erica, The Schweitzer Album. New York, Harper & Row, 1965. Jack, H.A., ed., To Dr. Albert Schweitzer: A Festschrift Commemorating His 80th Birthday. Evanston, Illinois, Friends of Albert Schweitzer, 1955. Contains an excellent bibliography up to 1955. Joy, Charles R., Music in the Life of Albert Schweitzer: Selections from His Writings. London, A. & C. Black, 1953. McKnight, Gerald, Verdict on Schweitzer: The Man behind the Legend of Lambaréné. New York, John Day, 1964.

Montague, Joseph Franklin, The Why of Albert Schweitzer. New York, Hawthorn Books, 1965 Mozley, E.N., The Theology of Albert Schweitzer for Christian Inquirers. New York, Macmillan, 1951. Picht, Werner, Albert Schweitzer: The Man and His Work. London, Allen & Unwin 1964. Also published under the title The Life and Thought of Albert Schweitzer. New York, Harper & Row, 1964. Schweitzer, Albert, Christianity and the Religions of the World. (Das Christentum und die Weltreligionen. Bern, Paul Haupt, 1924.) Translated by Joanna Powers. London, Allan & Unwin, 1939. Schweitzer, Albert, Cultural Philosophy I: The Decay and the Restoration of Civilization. (Kulturphilosophie I: Verfall und Wiederaufbau der Kultur. Bern, Paul Haupt, 1923.) Translated by C.T. Campion. London, A. & C. Black. 2nd ea., 1932.

Schweitzer, Albert, Cultural Philosophy II: Civilization and Ethics. (Kulturphilosophie II: Kultur und Ethik. Bern, Paul Haupt, 1923.) Translated by John Naish. London, A. & C. Black, 1929. Schweitzer, Albert, Deutsche und französische Orgelbaukunst und Orgelkunst. Leipzig, Breitkopf & Härtel, 1906. Schweitzer, Albert, From My African Notehook. (Afrikanische Geschichten. Leipzig, Flix Meiner. 1938.) Translated by Mrs. C.E.B. Russell. London, Allen & Unwin, 1938. Schweitzer, Albert, Goethe: Five Studies, translated by Charles R. Joy. Boston, Beacon Press, 1961. Schweitzer, Albert, Indian Thought and Its Development. (Die Weltanschanung der indischen Denker: Mystik und Ethik. Munich, C.H. Beck, 1935.) Translated by Mrs. C.E.B. Russell.

London, Hodder & Stoughton, 1936. Schweitzer, Albert, J.S. Bach, translated [into English] by Ernest Newman. 2 vols. London, A. & C. Black, 1911. (First published in French, J.S. Bach: Le Musicien-poète. Avec la collaboration de M. Hubert Gillot. Paris, Costallat, 1905.) Schweitzer, Albert, Memoirs of Childhood and Youth. (Aus meiner Kindheit und Jugendzeit. Munich, C. H. Beck, 1924.) Translated by C. T. Campion. London, Allen & Unwin, 1924. New York, Macmillan 1949. Schweitzer, Albert, More from the Primeval Forest. (Das Urwaldspital zu Lambaréné. Munich, C.H. Beck, 1931.) Translated by C.T. Campion. London, A. & C. Black, 1931. Schweitzer, Albert, The Mysticism of Paul the Apostle.

(Die Mystik des Apostels Paulus. Tübingen, J.C.B. Mohr, 1930.) Translated by W. Montgomery. London, A. & C. Black, 1931. Schweitzer, Albert, On the Edge of the Primeval Forest. (Zwischen Wasser und Urwald. Upsala, Lindblad, 1920.) Translated by C. T. Campion. London, A.& C. Black, 1922. Schweitzer, Albert, Out of My Life and Thought: An Autobiography. (Aus meinem Leben und Denken. Leipzig, Felix Meiner, 1931.) Translated by C.T. Campion. New York, Henry Holt, 1933; 1949. Schweitzer, Albert, Paul and His Interpreters: A Ctitical History. (Geschichte der Paulnischen Forschung von der Reformation bis auf die Gegenwart. Tübingen, J.C.B. Mohr, 1911.) Translated by W. Montgomery. London, A. & C.

Black, 1912. Schweitzer, Albert, Peace or Atomic War? (Three appeals broadcast from Oslo on April 28, 29 and 30, 1958.) London, A. & C. Black, 1958. Schweitzer, Albert, The Psychiatric Study of Jesus. (Die psychiatrische Beurteilung Jesu: Darstellung und Kritik. Tübingen, J.C.B. Mohr, 1913.) Translated by Charles R. Joy. Boston, Beacon Press, 1948. Schweitzer, Albert, The Quest of the Historical Jesus: A Critical Study of Its Progress from Reimarus to Wrede. (von Reimarus zu Wrede: Eine Geschichte der Leben-Jesu-Forschung. Tübingen, J. C. B. Mohr, 1906.) Translated by W. Mongomery. London. A & C. Black, 1910. Seaver, George, Albert Schweitzer: Christian Revolutionary. London, A. & C. Black, 1944. 2nd ed. rev.

1955. Seaver, George, Albert Schweitzer: The Man and His Mind. New York, Harper, 1947. From Nobel Lectures , Peace 1951-1970, Editor Frederick W. Haberman, Elsevier Publishing Company, Amsterdam, 1972 This autobiography/biography was written at the time of the award and first published in the book series Les Prix Nobel . It was later edited and republished in Nobel Lectures . To cite this document, always state the source as shown above. Copyright © The Nobel Foundation 1972 Share this: 1000+ images about Schweitzer on Pinterest | Circles, Nobel peace prize and Philosophy German-born French medical missionary and theologian Dr. <a gi-track='captionPersonalityLinkClicked' href=/galleries/search?phrase=Albert+Schweitzer&family=editorial&specificpeople=212975 ng-click='$event.stopPropagation()'>Albert Schweitzer</a> (1875  1965) plays the piano at his home as unidentified other listen, Lambarene, Gabon, May 1950.

See More Famous Vegetarians Famous Vegetarians Notable People Top Surnames Pythagoras , (580 – 500 BC) Greek mathematician and philosopher Plato , (428 – 347 BC) Greek philosopher Plutarch , (46 – 120 BC) Greek philosopher and biographer St. Frances of Assisi, (1182 – 1226) Italian founder of Franciscan order of friars Leonardo da Vinci , (1452 – 1519) Italian painter, architect and engineer. One day the world will look upon research upon animals as it now looks upon research on human beings".

Leonardo da Vinci Martin Luther , (1483 – 1546) German church reformer; founder of Protestantism Sir Isaac Newton , (1642 – 1727) English physicist and mathematician Voltaire , (1694 – 1778) French writer John Wesley , (1703 – 1791) English founder of Methodism Benjamin Franklin , (1706 – 1790) US scientist and diplomat; inventor of the lightning conductor Ralph Waldo Emerson , (1803 – 1882) US philosopher, essayist and poet Hans Christian Andersen , (1805 – 1875) Danish writer of fairy tales Charlotte Bronte , (1816 – 1855) English writer; author of Jane Eyre Henry David Thoreau , (1817 – 1862) US writer; back-to-nature exponent Susan B.

Anthony , (1820 – 1906) US feminist and anti-slavery campaigner Leo Tolstoy , (1828 – 1910) Russian novelist; author of War and Peace A human can be healthy without killing animals for food. Therefore if he eats meat he participates in taking animal life merely for the sake of his appetite." Leo Tolstoy Vincent Van Gogh , (1853 – 1890) Dutch Post-Impressionist painter George Bernard Shaw , (1856 - 1950) Irish dramatist, novelist and socialist Henry Ford , (1863 – 1947) US car manufacturer Mahatma Gandhi , (1869 – 1948) Indian nationalist leader and advocate of non-violence Albert Schweitzer , (1875 – 1965) French theologian, missionary and Nobel Peace Prize winner Albert Einstein , (1879 – 1955) Swiss-German scientist; author of the theories of relativity Nothing will benefit human health and increase chances for survival of life on Earth as much as the evolution to a vegetarian diet." Albert Einstein H.G.

Wells , (1886 – 1946) English science fiction writer Tony Benn , (1925 - ) British socialist politician -------------------------- Throughout history, many of the world's greatest philosophers, writers, scientists, artists, spiritual leaders, and teachers have been adherents and/or enthusiastic supporters of vegetarianism. Following are some very brief biographies of some of the most famous. Agnon, Shmuel Yosef (1888 - 1970, Hebrew author) Shmuel Yosef Agnon is a central figure in modern Hebrew fiction. He wrote many novels and short stories about major contemporary spiritual concerns. He won the Israel Prize for Literature in 1954 and 1958 and the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1966, the first time that honor was given to a Hebrew writer. Agnon was a devout Jew who spent much of his life in Israel. He was extremely dedicated to vegetarianism and wove vegetarian themes into many of his stories.

His great sensitivity to all creatures is indicated in the following excerpt from his speech upon receiving the Nobel Prize for Literature: Lest I slight any creature, I must also mention the domestic animals, the beasts, and the birds from whom I have learned. Job said long ago (35:11) "Who teacheth us more than than the beasts of the earth, and maketh us wiser than the fouls of heaven?" Buddha (Founder of Buddhism) Gautama Buddha , although initially a member of a warrior caste, became disgusted with the excesses of the Brahman priests, and set out at the age of 29 to find his personal path to salvation. He was overwhelmed by the suffering that he saw around him, and concluded that kindness toward all creatures was an important principle. He stated, "Do not butcher the ox that plows in the field" and "Meat eating I have not permitted to anyone." (Lankavatara ) However, Buddhism has complex teachings related to the eating of meat, permitting it for people who had not seen the animal being put to death and if the animal wasn't specifically slaughtered for their benefit. Hence, Buddha himself did eat some boars flesh.

Darwin, Charles (1809 - 1882, biologist) Charles Darwin is known primarily for his theory of evolution. The background for this theory was obtained when when he was appointed a naturalist and sailed around the globe on the H. M. S. Beagle investigating wildlife in many remote areas. His conclusions, presented in 1858 in "On the Origin of Species of Species by Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life", have been the subject of much discussion and controversy since then. Darwin's research led him to conclude that the differences in mental faculties between humans and the higher mammals, great as it is, "certainly is one of degree and not of kind". He taught that human senses, intuitions, and emotions may be found, sometimes in a well-developed condition, in the lower animals. This, plus his sensitivity and compassion, led him to conclude, "The love for all living creatures is the most noble attribute of man". Leonardo da Vinci (1452 - 1519, Italian scientist, painter, sculptor) Leonardo da Vinci made great innovations in painting, flying machines, military weapons, and engineering.

While his great inventions and artistic achievements are well known, few people realize that he was also considered to be the first great vegetarian of modern Western civilization. His vegetarianism was primarily for humanitarian reasons; for example, he would often buy a caged bird just to set it free. The strength of da Vinci's feelings about vegetarianism is indicated by the quotation from Merijkowsky's Romance of Leonardo da Vinci--he felt that a time would come when the killing of animals would be looked on in the same way that the murder of a person is viewed. " Truly man is the king of beasts, for his brutality exceeds theirs. We live by the death of others; we are burial places". Einstein, Albert (1879 - 1955, scientist, philosopher) Albert Einstein is considered to be one of the outstanding scientists in history. Among his greatest achievements was his formulation of the "theory of relativity". He was also a philosopher who often spoke out for peace and justice. Einstein felt that if people switched to vegetarianism, it would greatly benefit humanity. He felt that even the striving for such an achievement was in itself part of liberation and a foundation for inner security.

Einstein believed that people were separated from other people and from animals because of excessive self concern. For a better world, he felt that, "the vegetarian manner of living . . . would most beneficially influence the lot of mankind." "our task must be to free ourselves from this prison by widening our circle of compassion to embrace all living creatures and the whole of nature in its beauty". Gandhi, Mohandas (1869 - 1948, Indian Hindu nationalist leader) Mahatma Gandhi was one of the greatest nationalist leaders in the history of India. He used civil disobedience, including such tactics as fasting and passive resistance, to work for freedom for his people. He also worked very hard to bring people of various religions together. Gandhi saw vegetarianism as a moral cause, even once stating that he would prefer death to consuming some beef-tea or mutton, even under medical advice. He saw the life of a lamb as no less precious than that of a human being. In his," The Moral Basis of Vegetarianism", he asserted, "The greatness of a nation and its moral progress can be judged by the way its animals are treated".

To Gandhi, vegetarianism was not just a religious principle, but an obsession that he spent much time and effort on. He wrote 5 volumes on the subject. Though he rebelled against vegetarianism for a short time in his youth, his reading of Henry Salt's Plea for Vegetarianism , a book that he discovered by accident, made him a dedicated vegetarian by choice. He held that flesh-foods were unsuited to the human species. He was a very strong opponent of vivisection, calling it "the blackest of all the black crimes that man is at present committing against God and His fair creation". Gompertz, Lewis (labor leader) Lewis Gompertz was the British founder of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals in 1824. He felt that it was improper education that was responsible for what he regarded as the "crime of cruelty", and he advocated more instruction that would help people distinguish between right and wrong. He was very much against hunting, since it was inhumane to pursue "a poor defenseless creature for mere amusement, till it becomes exhausted by terror and fatigue . .

." Graham, Sylvester (1794 - 1851) Sylvester Graham was an American Presbyterian minister (ordained in 1826) who preached on temperance and stressed whole-wheat flour and vegetarian diets. He was known for his graham crackers. His Graham Journal of Health and Longevity preached his principles of good health. He compared people physiologically to orangutans, and concluded that vegetarian food was natural for both primates. Graham had many devoted followers, known as Grahamites, who slavishly followed his principles, which included temperance, sexual restraint, and baths, in addition to vegetarianism. He was so famous that his lectures on proper living were attended by thousands, and he was able to hold his audiences spellbound. He had many disciples who also worked diligently to further the vegetarian cause. When the British Vegetarian Society was founded in 1847, he helped found a similar group in America. Kafka, Franz (1883 - 1924, important Austrian - Czech writer) Franz Kafka was a Czech-born, German novelist whose writing had tremendous influence on western literature and art.

His many books include The Castle , The Trial , and The Great Wall of China . His novels have been translated into many languages and have been adapted for movies, plays, and operas. The plot in his books generally center around the hero's search for identity. Kafka was attracted to vegetarianism for health and ethical reasons. While viewing a fish in an aquarium, he said, "Now I can look at you in peace; I dont eat you any more." He had little faith in conventional doctors; he was interested in the benefits of raw-food diets. He was also involved in anti-vivisection activities. Kellogg, John Harvey, M. D. (1852 - 1943, American surgeon) Dr. John Harvey Kellogg was a Seventh-day Adventist who worked actively to promote proper health approaches. To further this interest, he founded a sanatorium in Battle Creek, Michigan. Thousands of patients came seeking cures. To further nutritious eating, he invented flaked cereals and peanut butter. His wife Ellen wrote the first modern vegetarian cookbook, Science in the Kitchen . Kellogg wrote prolifically about his then radical nutritional and health ideas.

For over 60 years, he edited Good Health Magazine , which promoted vegetarianism in virtually every issue. His dietetic ideas were also published in "The Miracle of Life" in 1904. Nearing, Scott (1883 - 1983) Scott Nearing was a back-to-the land pioneer. He wrote " Living the Good Life", with his wife, Helen, in 1954. In this book, they indicated that they went to live off the land, because they "were looking for a kindly, decent, clean, and simple way of life". They felt that the many pressures of modern society and the greed and materialism that were stressed made it imperative to move away from civilization and get close to nature, to live simply, and to grow their own food. The Nearings became vegetarians because they regarded it as the best way to "maintain a healthy body as an operating base for a sound mind and purposeful harmless life", and because of their philosophy of doing the "greatest good to the greatest number of people". Peretz, Isaac Lieb (1852 - 1915, Yiddish author) I. L.

Peretz was a prolific and versatile writer of Hebrew and Yiddish stories and poems. He was one of the founders of modern Yiddish literature as well as an important figure in Hebrew literature. His compassion, sensitivity, and rich imagination in championing the cause of the oppressed and common people inspired many other authors. He wrote much about the lives of the chassidim, and the Jewish socialist movement was greatly influenced by his ideas. Plutarch (46 - 119 A.D., Greek historian and biographer) Plutarch was most famous for his "Lives", biographies of famous contemporaries. Another important work was his " Moralia", a collection of 60 of his miscellaneous writings. Plutarch was a strong advocate of vegetarianism. He responded to attacks on vegetarianism in his "On the Eating of Animal Flesh". He felt that people should be ashamed to "mingle murder and blood with (nature's) beneficent fruits.

In "Moralia", he wrote, "But for the sake of some little mouthful of flesh, we deprive a soul of the sun and light, and of that proportion of life and time it had been born into the world to enjoy." He felt that we should be merciful to other creatures, "were it only to learn benevolence to humankind" Porphyry (234 - 305 A.D., Greek author and philosopher) Porphyry was a very avid advocate of vegetarianism. His literary output was enormous. He wrote "On Abstinence From Animal Food", an early plea for vegetarianism. He stated that it was iniquitous to eat animals, not for basic needs such as nourishment , but only for pleasure and gluttony. He regarded animals as his brothers and asserted, "A man who eats a harmless diet will be less inclined to slaughter another man's flesh since the idea would be unthinkable". Pythagoras (580 - 500 B.C., Greek philosopher and mathematician) Pythagoras was an influential Greek who established schools where philosophy, political science, and mathematics were discussed.

Today, he is best known for his Pythagorean theorem, which relates the lengths of the sides of right triangles. Many people consider Pythagoras as "the father of vegetarianism". Vegetarians were initially known as Pythagoreans, until the middle of the 19th century. We know about Pythagoras' vegetarian views primarily through "The Metamorphoses", the epic poem by the Roman writer, Ovid . In that work, Pythagoras states, "Alas, what wickedness to swallow flesh into our own flesh, to fatten our greedy bodies by cramming in other bodies, to have one living creature fed by the death of another!" Pythagoras also felt that, "As long as man continues to be the ruthless destroyer of lower living beings, he will never know health or peace. For as long as men massacre animals, they will kill each other." Rousseau, Jean-Jacques (1712 -1778, French philosopher) Jean Jacques Rousseau is considered by many people to be the most striking figure in French philosophy and literature. He had great enthusiasm for individual liberty and emotional participation in life.

He exalted freedom over any external authority, natural impulse over discipline, and individual's feelings over society's conventions. His attitudes were a regenerating force and influenced many others throughout Europe. While not a vegetarian, Rousseau's writings on the subject affected future dietary movements, including Fruitlands, a 19th century vegetarian commune. He considered vegetarianism to be the ideal diet for people; in his textbook for the ideal education of a child, "Emile", he advocated a simple vegetarian diet for children. He stated that children have an inborn preference for vegetarian, rather than flesh, foods, and felt that this was a proof that meat was not a natural diet for people. In "Emile", he also indicated that "great eaters of flesh are, in general, more cruel and ferocious than other men" Salt, Henry S. (1851 - 1939, English reformer and author) Henry Salt was educated at Cambridge and later was active in social reform and literary work. Among his many writings were biographies of Henry David Thoreau, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Alfred Lord Tennyson, and Richard Jefferies.

Salt had a great influence on late 19th century British antivivisectionists. He believed that the emancipation of people from cruelty and injustice would have to be associated with the emancipation of animals. He was critical of religion, which he felt had never befriended the cause of humaneness. He felt that condoning cruelty to animals perpetuates the spirit that condones cruelty to people. His views on vegetarianism were eloquently expressed in his "The Logic of Vegetarianism". Schweitzer, Albert (1875 - 1965, theologian, renowned medical missionary in Africa, winner of Nobel Peace Prize, 1952) Albert Schweitzer , though of German heritage, perhaps more than any other contemporary figure is considered to belong to all nations. His name is virtually synonymous with the phrase "reverence for life". He was a theologian and philosopher, an accomplished organist, a prolific author, a missionary doctor in Africa, and the winner of the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize. Although not a vegetarian for most of his life, he believed that vegetarianism was the diet most consistent with reverence for life.

He regretted that he could not fulfill the vegetarian ideal as closely as he would have liked. The importance that he placed on compassion to animals is indicated in his statement, "Until he extends the circle of his compassion to all living things, man will not himself find peace." Shaw, George Bernard (1865 - 1950; British dramatist and critic) George Bernard Shaw was among the most famous of vegetarians, and was a vegetarian for most of his life. He was a prolific writer and authored many plays. Shaw considered himself a "cannibal", before he discovered the vegetarian writings of the poet, Percy Bysshe Shelley. At the first meeting of the Shelly Society at University College, Oxford, Shaw claimed himself to be, like Shelly, a socialist, atheist, and vegetarian. When asked why he was a vegetarian, he once replied, "Why should you call me to account for eating decently? If I fattened on the scorched corpses of innocent beings you might ask me why I did that." While primarily a vegetarian for aesthetic and nutritional reasons, he also condemned animal slaughter, and he saw connections between violence done to animals and people going to war against other human beings.

Shaw was noted for his witty and often cutting statements. Among his comments on vegetarianism is, "Animals are my friends and I don't eat my friends." Shelley, Percy Bysshe (1792 - 1822, British author) Percy Bysshe Shelley was one of England's most prolific writers, although his life was cut tragically short due to an accident at sea, . He was especially well known for his poems. He was also politically active, working to help the poor in his district. He wrote "A Vindication of Natural Diet" in 1813, a defense of vegetarianism on ethical, health, and environmental grounds. In it he stated, "It is only by softening and disguising dead flesh by culinary preparation that it is rendered susceptible of mastication or digestion, and that the sight of its bloody juices and red horror does not excite intolerable loathing and disgust." Shelton, Herbert (1895 - 1985, author and natural hygiene advocate) Herbert Shelton was a founder of the natural hygiene movement. He was one of its great champions and most prolific writers.

He authored many books, including "Superior Nutrition", "Health for All", "The Science and Fine Art of Fasting", and "Human Life: Its Philosophy and Laws". Singer, Isaac Bashevis (1904 - 1991, Yiddish author, Nobel prize winner) Isaac Bashevis Singer was an outstanding writer of Yiddish stories. His best-selling novels include "The Family Moscat", "Satan in Goray", "The Magician of Lublin", "Gimpel the Fool", "The Spinoza of Market Street", and "The Slave". He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1978. He was a staunch vegetarian for his last 35 years, primarily because of compassion for animals. He was fond of saying that he was a vegetarian for health reasons - the health of the chicken. He frequently included vegetarian themes in his stories. In his short story, "The Slaughterer", he described the anguish that an appointed slaughterer had trying to reconcile his compassion for animals with his job of slaughtering animals.

He felt that the eating of meat was a denial of all ideals and all religions: "How can we speak of right and justice if we take an innocent creature and shed its blood". Thoreau, Henry David (1817 - 1862; American writer and naturalist) Henry David Thoreau was primarily known for his advocacy of civil disobedience and his most famous book, Walden , or Life in the Woods , where he advocated that people abandon the complexities of civilization. He urged people to "Simplify, simplify" and "March to the tune of a different drummer". Following his own advice, Thoreau "to solve some of the problems of life, not only theoretically, but practically", as he said. built a log cabin on Walden Pond, near Concord, Massachusetts, and lived there alone for two years. While he strongly advocated vegetarianism, he practiced it for only a few years.

In Walden , he wrote, "I have no doubt that it is part of the destiny of the human race in its gradual development to leave off the eating of animals as surely as the savage tribes have left off eating each other when they came in contact with the more civilized." Tolstoy, Leo (1828 - 1910, Russian social critic and novelist) Leo Tolstoy was one of Russia's most famous writers and social commentators. Among his famous books is "War and Peace". While a hedonist for most of his life, a visit to a slaughterhouse which he vividly wrote about moved him toward vegetarianism. His conversion was gradual and he vacillated back and forth for several years. He expressed his moral reasons for vegetarianism in the preface to a book called "The Ethics of Diet". In his essay, "The First Step", he indicated that meat-centered diets were immoral, not only because of the harm done to animals, but "that man suppresses in himself, unnecessarily, the highest spiritual capacity - that of sympathy and pity toward living creatures like himself - and by violating his own feelings becomes cruel." He also stated that, since people can be healthy without eating meat, doing so is immoral.

White, Ellen G. (1827 - 1915, vegetarian health reformer) Ellen White was one of the founders of the Seventh-Day Adventist Church. She was a vegetarian health reformer, and vegetarianism and other health teachings of the Adventists are due to her efforts. She believed that the human body represented God's temple and therefore it should not be abused. She also denounced tobacco and alcohol. About fifty percent of Adventists today are lacto-ovo vegetarians. There are about 2 million Adventists throughout the world, with about a quarter of them living in the United States. The Seventh-Day Adventists are strong promoters of good health. They have their own publishing company and produce many books and other publications. They also have many hospitals, natural food stores, and vegetarian restaurants. In addition, they have an institution of higher education, Loma Linda University. Several studies have found that Adventists are significantly healthier than the general population. Vegetarians owe much to Seventh-Day Adventists, since much of what is now known about health effects of vegetarianism comes from their studies. Sir C. V.

Raman - Indian physicist; 1930 Nobel Laureate in Physics Linus Pauling - American quantum chemist and biochemist; 1954 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry and 1962 Nobel Laureate in Peace for his campaign against above-ground nuclear testing George Wald - American biochemist; 1967 Nobel Laureate in Medicine Albert Einstein - German Jewish theoretical physicist; 1921 Nobel Laureate in Physics George Bernard Shaw - Irish playwright; 1925 Nobel Laureate in Literature Isaac Bashevis Singer - Polish-born American Jewish writer of short stories and novels; 1978 Nobel Laureate in Literature Chandrashekar Subrahmanyam - Indian-born American astrophysicist; 1983 Nobel Laureate in Physics Elie Wiesel - Hungarian novelist, philosopher, humanitarian, political activist, and Holocaust survivor; 1986 Nobel Laureate in Peace Aung San Suu Kyi - Myanmar (Burma) nonviolent pro-democracy activist; 1991 Nobel Laureate in Peace V. S.

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JM Coetzee - South African/Australian writer; 2003 Nobel Laureate in Literature Rabindranath Tagore - Bengali poet, Brahmo philosopher, visual artist, playwright, composer, and novelist; 1913 Nobel Laureate in Literature ￼*Albert Schweitzer - German theologian, musician, philosopher, and physician; 1952 Nobel Laureate in Peace Luminaries Edward Witten - American mathematical physicist and Fields Medalist Brian Greene - American physicist and one of the world's foremost string theorists Jane Goodall - British primatologist, ethologist and anthropologist Vijay Raj Singh - Indian medical physicist Kalpana Chawla - Indian-born American astronaut and space shuttle mission specialist Steve Jobs - American founder and CEO of Apple Computer Nathaniel Borenstein - American, creator of MIME (email) language29 Benjamin Spock - American pediatrician, author John Mackey - American, founder of Whole Foods, the world's biggest organic grocer Charles Darwin - British naturalist, geologist and originator of the evolution theory Diogenes - Greek philosopher and cosmologist Henry David Thoreau - American author, naturalist, pacifist, and philosopher Plato - Greek saint and philosopher Pythag

oras - Greek mathematician and philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson - American author, poet and philosopher Socrates - Greek saint and philosopher Voltaire - French Enlightenment writer and philosopher Yehudi Menuhin - American-British orchestral violinist and conductor Celebrities Stella McCartney - Renowned British fashion designer, daughter of Paul McCartney Anna Paquin - Canadian actress, Oscar winner Candice Bergen - Acclaimed American actress Christian Bale - British actor, star of the hit movie "Batman Begins" Danny DeVito - American actor, producer and director Dustin Hoffman - American actor, two-time Oscar winner; Emmy and Golden Globe Award winner Sports Celebrities Albert Schweitzer, Missionary Albert Schweitzer, theologian, philosopher, organist, authority on Bach, physician, and missionary, was born in 1875, son of a Lutheran pastor, in Alsace, then German but now French.

(Alsace and Lorraine are two provinces lying between France and Germany, and for centuries they have belonged to whoever won the last war.) He studied at Strasbourg and at Paris, and around 1900 he became a doctor of philosophy and a doctor of theology, and was ordained to the Lutheran ministry and became a preacher and a lecturer in philosophy. He became an outstanding organist, and in 1905 published a study of Johann Sebastian Bach. He simultaneously wrote a book called The Quest of the Historical Jesus, in which he argued that, of all the sayings attributed to Jesus in the Gospels, the ones that are most certainly His are the ones that give the impression that the end of the world is at hand. (Interestingly, the well-known group called the Jesus Seminar, which likewise sets out to rate the sayings attributed to Jesus with different degrees of certainty, has drawn the opposite conclusion, and rejects all the so-called apocalyptic sayings of Jesus as unauthentic.) Schweitzer himself drew the conclusion that Jesus believed in the imminent end of the world, that he was wrong, and that therefore he was not infallible or inspired or divine.

In 1905 he announced his intention of becoming a missionary doctor, and resigned his positions, giving up a brilliant career, to go to medical school. In 1913 he and his wife set out for Lambarene in Gabon (then part of French Equatorial Africa), where they built a hospital. His work there was interrupted by World War I. Since he was a German citizen, he was interned by the French as an enemy alien, and spent his prison time writing. He published his Philosophy of Civilization, in which he urged "reverence for life," a philosophy of compassion for all living things. (A visitor to Lambarene saw a mosquito on his arm and was about to swat it. Schweitzer saw it and said: "Think twice. Remember that you are a guest in its country.") After the war, Schweitzer returned to Lambarene and rebuilt his hospital, adding a leper colony. His autobiography, Out of My Life and Thought, was published in 1933. In 1952 he received the Nobel Peace Prize. He died 4 September 1965.

A student of Schweitzer's thought has written: We typically use 'optimism' or 'pessimism' to describe our Intellectual predispositions in how we view the world. For Schweitzer, however, those words relate not to the intellect only, but also to the will and to the positive actions which we may take: "True optimism has nothing to do with any sort of lenient judgment. It consists in comtemplating and willing the ideal in the light of a deep and self-consistent affirmation of life and the world. ... Optimism and pessimism, therefore, do not consist in counting with more or less confidence on a future for the existing state of things, but in what the will desires the future to be. They are qualities not of the judgment, but of the will." Schweitzer also distinguished between how individuals and societies approach their ethical roles: "The ethic of ethical personality is personal, incapable of regulation, and absolute; the system established by society for its prosperous existence is supra-personal, regulated, and relative.

Hence the ethical personality cannot surrender to it, but lives always in continuous conflict with it, obliged again and again to oppose it because it finds its focus too short." Schweitzer also holds that "even a society whose ethical standard is relatively high, is dangerous to the ethics of its members", because the individual spiritual ethic may be corrupted and overwhelmed by the more practical ethic of the society. I think the challenge for the Christian is to try to develop a reflective, compassionate understanding of life which will lead to devotion to others. As Greg Singleton said, "Schweitzer was looking for method, not answers." We need to find methods by which we can become "optimistic" actors in the world. Society will not resolve the world's problems. I guess that Leaves it up to us as individuals to try, however futile the goal my be. But I think that Schweitzer would say that the ethical person must not consider whether the goal is reasonable, but rather, must act according to the necessity of his own inner compulsion to do good in the world. Schweitzer was not without his critics. Some of them were shocked by his hospital, which they found primitive. Instead of hospital wards, there were rows of huts.

When a patient came to stay there, his family came along and moved in with him, bringing a few chickens and a goat and some pots and pans, and they cooked their own meals, which the patient shared. His critics said that this was no way to run a hospital. He replied that if the patients were isolated from their families and fed from the hospital kitchen, most of them would not come to the hospital at all. Life on a 20th century European-style hospital ward would have been unfamiliar and terrifying. He admitted that his hospital was practicing nineteenth-century medicine, but said that this was better than the alternative, and that until his critics were prepared to finance and maintain a better hospital themselves, they ought to shut up. Some of them were shocked by his racism. In an age when everyone was denouncing colonialism as an unmixed evil, he said bluntly that the European rulers were managing African affairs better than the Africans had managed them when left to themselves, and that it was in the interests of the Africans that the Europeans should continue to be in charge. He said that the European ought to say to the African, "I am your brother, but your elder brother." Some of them were shocked by his personal autocracy.

He ran his hospital as he saw fit, and expected others, black and white alike, to fall in line. It was, perhaps, a natural attitude for a man who was in fact considerably more intelligent than almost anyone else he met, black or white. Some were shocked by his religious beliefs, his forsaking of traditional Christianity; for although he continued to regard himself as in some sense a Christian, his views on the deity of Jesus Christ were at best shaky. The fact remains that he was a dedicated humanitarian, one who had the world at his feet, and gave up everything to serve Christ in the person of the least of His brethren. He prodded the conscience of the world. Without believing in the deity of Christ, he did more in the service of Christ than most of those who do; and without believing in the right of all peoples to instant self-government, he did more to improve the lives of Africans than most of those who do.

PRAYER (traditional language): Heavenly Father, whose Son Jesus Christ came, not to be Ministered unto, but to minister: Grant us the grace to follow in his footsteps, and to show forth thy love by loving and serving our neighbors, and coming, as did Albert Schweitzer, to the rescue of those in need; for the sake of the same thy Son Jesus Christ our Lord, who liveth and reigneth with thee and the Holy Ghost, one God, now and for ever. PRAYER (contemporary language): Heavenly Father, whose Son Jesus Christ came, not to be served But to serve: Give us the grace to follow in his footsteps, and to show forth your love by loving and serving our neighbors, and coming, as did Albert Schweitzer, to the rescue of those in need; for the sake of your Son Jesus Christ our Lord, who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and for ever. With Schweitzer, we may remember other African missionaries, such as David Livingstone. Livingstone was born in 1813 in Blantyre, Scotland, trained as a physician, and ordained as a missionary in 1840.

His original plan was to work in China, but he was prevented from doing so by the Opium Wars. He therefore went instead to South Africa and travelled northward into the interior. To his countrymen, he was known chiefly as an explorer, a surveyor, and a scientist; and his expeditions, including the discovery of Victoria Falls in 1855, made him a national hero. In 1866 he began an expedition seeking the headwaters of the Nile. No news of him came back for several years, and it was thought that perhaps he was dead. A publisher sent a correspondent, Henry M Stanley, to find him. Stanley did find him, in 1871, and accompanied his expedition for a while before returning to report. (Stanley's greeting, "Doctor Livingstone, I presume," is the one thing about Livingstone that is remembered by persons who know absolutely nothing else about him.) Livingstone died 1 May 1873 in Zambia. His body was embalmed and brought to the coast by his African friends, and was buried in Wesminster Abbey. However, his heart was removed from the body and buried where he died.

His friends said, "His heart was always with the people of Africa. It must remain here." PRAYER (traditional language): Almighty and everlasting God, we thank thee for thy servant David Livingstone, whom thou didst call to preach the Gospel to the people of Africa. Raise up, we beseech thee, in this and every land evangelists and heralds of thy kingdom, that thy Church may proclaim the unsearchable riches of our Savior Jesus Christ; who liveth and reigneth with thee and the Holy Ghost, one God, now and for ever. PRAYER (contemporary language): Almighty and everlasting God, we thank you for your servant David Livingstone, whom you called to preach the Gospel to the people of Africa. Raise up in this and every land evangelists and heralds of your kingdom, that your Church may proclaim the unsearchable riches of our Savior Jesus Christ; who lives and reigns with you and the Holy Spirit, one God, now and for ever. Unless otherwise indicated, this biographical sketch was written by James E. Kiefer and any comments about its content should be directed to him. The Biographical Sketches home page has more information.

Albert Schweitzer DVD | Vision Video | Christian Videos, Movies, and DVDs Reviews Description For generations the name Albert Schweitzer has been synonymous with hands-on compassion and the power of Christ-like sacrifice. Now director Gavin Miller presents a landmark drama about the legendary medical missionary and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate. The year is 1949, the Cold War has begun and a climate of fear pervades. Christian medical missionary and theologian Albert Schweitzer (Jeroen Krabbé) is regarded as one of the world’s most eminent humanitarians due to his life saving work in Africa. But when Schweitzer takes a controversial political stand, powerful adversaries launch a smear campaign designed to discredit and silence him. His enemies sabotage his medical clinic endangering the patients and threatening to put an end to the work. Co-starring Golden Globe and Emmy Award-winning actress Barbara Hershey as Helene Schweitzer. Widescreen with Optional English subtitles. Includes Optional English Subtitles. Editorial Reviews Visual Parables, June 2015 I was looking forward to this newly released movie because, although I had heard about Albert Schweitzer, I really didn't know much about him except for his work as a missionary in Africa.

One of my favorite Schweitzer quotes is: "He who does not reflect his life back to God in gratitude does not know himself." He felt he needed to repay the world for the happiness which it had given him and decided that after he turned 30 he would serve humanity with Jesus as his example. Schweitzer considered himself French, but he was born in Alsace-Lorraine at the time it was German territory. He was a theologian, musical scholar and organist, philosopher, and author of The Quest for the Historical Jesus, published in English in 1910 and quickly became a well-known, respected book. His philosophy was called "Reverence for Life." As a medical missionary, Schweitzer established a hospital in what is now Gabon, Africa, where he said of the villagers, who were not well educated, "they only knew the secret of life." Schweitzer won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize. The movie, which stars Jeroen Krabbe as Schweitzer and Barbara Hershey as his wife Helene, begins in 1949. The Cold War is beginning and Schweitzer's friend Albert Einstein asks him to speak out about the dangers of the atomic bomb.

McCarthyism was taking hold in the U.S., and the CIA considered Schweitzer's involvement a serious threat. A smear campaign was launched to discredit and silence him with threats of closing the hospital and sabotaging his work. Schweitzer must decide if he will follow his conscience or his life's work. Video Librarian, November/December 2015 Nobel Peace prize-winner Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) was a renowned humanitarian, musician, theologian, and medical doctor. However, according to this 2009 docudrama, the CIA considered him suspect because of his association with Albert Einstein, as well as his outspoken views against the atomic bomb. Directed by Gavin Millar, Albert Schweitzer finds Jeroen Krabbe playing against type as the gentle Schweitzer, while Barbara Hershey costars as his sickly, long suffering, but ever patient wife, Helene. The story opens in 1949—during the early days of the Cold War anti-Communist scare—with Schweitzer working at his hospital in Lambarene, Gabon in Africa.

Schweitzer tends to lepers, but he struggles with primitive equipment and a chronic shortage of staff and funds, so he must interrupt his work to go to America to plead for financial support. Once there, he meets with Einstein, and also attracts the attention of a sympathetic photojournalist, along with a man who claims to be an admirer—wanting to raise money for the cause—but who really intends to follow Schweitzer back to Africa in order to do an exposé. While Schweitzer had an overriding "reverence for life," he was no plaster saint, coming across here as sometimes patronizing, autocratic, neglectful of his grown daughter, and inflexible (refusing to kill rats even though they spread disease in the African village). In addition to the drama tied to the CIA, the film chronicles Schweitzer's work to save his hospital, mediate conflicts among co-workers, deal with tribal superstitions, and stave off efforts by government officials to take over his operations. Handsomely filmed, this entertaining and informative biographical portrait is recommended.

Customer Reviews This product does not yet have any customer reviews Related Products Albert Schweitzer - .MP4 Digital Download Digital Video | Vision Video | Christian Videos, Movies, and DVDs Reviews Description For generations the name Albert Schweitzer has been synonymous with hands-on compassion and the power of Christ-like sacrifice. Now director Gavin Miller presents a landmark drama about the legendary medical missionary and Nobel Peace Prize Laureate. The year is 1949, the Cold War has begun and a climate of fear pervades. Christian medical missionary and theologian Albert Schweitzer (Jeroen Krabbé) is regarded as one of the world’s most eminent humanitarians due to his life saving work in Africa. But when Schweitzer takes a controversial political stand, powerful adversaries launch a smear campaign designed to discredit and silence him. His enemies sabotage his medical clinic endangering the patients and threatening to put an end to the work. Co-starring Golden Globe and Emmy Award-winning actress Barbara Hershey as Helene Schweitzer. Editorial Reviews Visual Parables, June 2015 I was looking forward to this newly released movie because, although I had heard about Albert Schweitzer, I really didn't know much about him except for his work as a missionary in Africa.

One of my favorite Schweitzer quotes is: "He who does not reflect his life back to God in gratitude does not know himself." He felt he needed to repay the world for the happiness which it had given him and decided that after he turned 30 he would serve humanity with Jesus as his example. Schweitzer considered himself French, but he was born in Alsace-Lorraine at the time it was German territory. He was a theologian, musical scholar and organist, philosopher, and author of The Quest for the Historical Jesus, published in English in 1910 and quickly became a well-known, respected book. His philosophy was called "Reverence for Life." As a medical missionary, Schweitzer established a hospital in what is now Gabon, Africa, where he said of the villagers, who were not well educated, "they only knew the secret of life." Schweitzer won the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize. The movie, which stars Jeroen Krabbe as Schweitzer and Barbara Hershey as his wife Helene, begins in 1949. The Cold War is beginning and Schweitzer's friend Albert Einstein asks him to speak out about the dangers of the atomic bomb.

McCarthyism was taking hold in the U.S., and the CIA considered Schweitzer's involvement a serious threat. A smear campaign was launched to discredit and silence him with threats of closing the hospital and sabotaging his work. Schweitzer must decide if he will follow his conscience or his life's work. Video Librarian, November/December 2015 Nobel Peace prize-winner Albert Schweitzer (1875-1965) was a renowned humanitarian, musician, theologian, and medical doctor. However, according to this 2009 docudrama, the CIA considered him suspect because of his association with Albert Einstein, as well as his outspoken views against the atomic bomb. Directed by Gavin Millar, Albert Schweitzer finds Jeroen Krabbe playing against type as the gentle Schweitzer, while Barbara Hershey costars as his sickly, long suffering, but ever patient wife, Helene. The story opens in 1949—during the early days of the Cold War anti-Communist scare—with Schweitzer working at his hospital in Lambarene, Gabon in Africa.

Schweitzer tends to lepers, but he struggles with primitive equipment and a chronic shortage of staff and funds, so he must interrupt his work to go to America to plead for financial support. Once there, he meets with Einstein, and also attracts the attention of a sympathetic photojournalist, along with a man who claims to be an admirer—wanting to raise money for the cause—but who really intends to follow Schweitzer back to Africa in order to do an exposé. While Schweitzer had an overriding "reverence for life," he was no plaster saint, coming across here as sometimes patronizing, autocratic, neglectful of his grown daughter, and inflexible (refusing to kill rats even though they spread disease in the African village). In addition to the drama tied to the CIA, the film chronicles Schweitzer's work to save his hospital, mediate conflicts among co-workers, deal with tribal superstitions, and stave off efforts by government officials to take over his operations. Handsomely filmed, this entertaining and informative biographical portrait is recommended.

Customer Reviews This product does not yet have any customer reviews Related Products Nobel Prizes and Laureates - Stamp Community Forum - Page 2 Nobel Prizes and Laureates To participate in the forum you must log in or register . Author The Nobel Peace Prize 1905 - Bertha von Suttner (1843-1914) Bertha von Suttner is the first woman to be awarded the Peace Prize. She wrote one of the nineteenth century`s most influential books, the anti-war novel Lay Down Your Arms (1889). She was a close friend of Alfred Nobel, they corresponded for years on the subject of peace. ..........................................cover with special postmark The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901 - Wilhelm Conrad R�ntgen (1845-1923) Wilhelm Conrad R�ntgen won first Nobel Prize in Physics "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by the discovery of the remarkable rays subsequently named after him". X-rays became rapidly an important instrument, in use in scientific experiments and in examinations of humans. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1909 - Selma Lagerl�f (1858-1940) .......... ..........

Selma Lagerl�f was a Swedish author and the first female writer to win the Nobel Prize in Literature "in appreciation of the lofty idealism, vivid imagination and spiritual perception that characterize her writings". .......... ............ The Nobel Prize in Literature 1958 - Boris Pasternak (1890-1960) Boris Pasternak was a Russian poet, novelist and literary translator. He is best known as the author of a novel Doctor Zhivago. He won nobel prize "for his important achievement both in contemporary lyrical poetry and in the field of the great Russian epic tradition". The authorities forced him to refuse to accept the prize. His descendants accepted it in his name in 1988. The Nobel Prize in in Physics 1921 - Albert Einstein (1879-1955) Albert Einstein a German-born theoretical physicist and philosopher of scienceIn was in 1921 was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to Theoretical Physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect".

He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics and is best known in popular culture for his mass#8211;energy equivalence formula E = mc2. Mileva Mari� (1875-1948) was a Serbian physicist and Albert Einstein`s first wife. The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980 - Czeslaw Milosz (1911-2004) The Nobel Prize in Literature 1980 was awarded to Czeslaw Milosz a Polish poet, prose writer, translator and diplomat born in Lithuania "who with uncompromising clear-sightedness voices man`s exposed condition in a world of severe conflicts". The Nobel Prize in Literature 1907 - Rudyard Kipling (1865-1936) Joseph Rudyard Kipling was an English short-story writer, poet, and novelist. One of his most famous work is The Jungle Book (1894) a collection of stories about Mowgli, a Indian jungle boy raised by wolves.

The set of 10 stamps were issued in honor the 100th Anniversary of the Just So Stories for Little Children written by Rudyard Kipling in 1902. The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1937 - Albert Szent-Gy�rgyi (1893-1986) Albert Szent-Gy�rgyi won the prize "for his discoveries in connection with the biological combustion processes, with special reference to vitamin C and the catalysis of fumaric acid". He was a Hungarian physiologist also active in the Hungarian Resistance during World War II. The Nobel Peace Prize 2003 - Shirin Ebadi (1947- ) Shirin Ebadi an Iranian lawyer, writer, and teacher received the Nobel Prize for Peace for her efforts to promote democracy and human rights, especially those of women and children in Iran. She was the first Muslim woman and the first Iranian to receive the award.

Posted 11/27/2014 09:04 am Albert Schweitzer, OM (1875-1965) was a German-French theologian, organist, philosopher, physician, and medical missionary in Africa. Dr. Schweitzer received the 1952 Nobel Peace Prize for his philosophy of "Reverence for Life," expressed in many ways, but most famously in founding and sustaining the Albert Schweitzer Hospital in Lambar�n�, Gabon. Here is an image of an airmail stamp depicting Albert Schweitzer standing by a dugout canoe in Lambar�n�, designed and engraved by Jean Pheulpin, and issued by Central African Republic on September 30, 1975 to commemorate Albert Schweitzer's birth centenary, Scott No. C130. - nethryk

Question: Which Swiss theologian, philosopher, author, organist and medical missionary won a Nobel Peace Prize in 1952?
Answer: Albert Schweitzer