Presidents of Egypt Presidents of Egypt Egypt's new President, Mohammed Morsi Flag of Egypt Presidents of Egypt President Muhammad Naguib (in office June 18,1953 to November 14, 1954)--Assumed office after leading the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, in which King Farouk was overthown by then-Lieutenant General Muhammad Naguib and Gamel Abdel Nasser. Naguib becomes Egypt's first President. President Gamal Abdel Nasser (in office November 14, 1954 to September 28, 1970)--Nasser became president after forcing President Naguib from office. Nasser served as president until his death. Nasser was succeeded by his vice-president, Anwar Sadat. President Anwar el-Sadat (in office September 28, 1970 to October 6, 1981 )--Sadat became president upon the death of his predecessor, Gamel Nasser. Sadat waged war against Israel in 1973, and made peace with Israel in 1979.

In October, 1981 Sadat was assassinated by Muslim militants who were unhappy with his peace treaty with Israel. He was succeeded by his vice-president, Hosni Mubarak. President Hosni Mubarak (in office October 6, 1981 to February 11, 2011 )--Mubarak became president upon the assassination of his predecessor, Anwar Sadat. Mubarak imposed Emergency Rule upon the death of Sadat, and maintained his rule as an autocratic dictator until resignining the presidency in February, 2011 in the face of massive unrest . As of February 11, 2011, the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, led by Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi Soliman, became the ruling authority upon the resignation of President Mubarak. President Mohammed Morsi--(elected in June, 2012)--Morsi, running as the candidate of the once-outlawed Muslim Brotherhood, won Egypt's first free election with nearly 52% of the vote.

President of Egypt | Current Head of State 08.06.2014 - 15:54 | Tags: Dictator , President | Category: 1 Middle East dictators , Africa Leaders , All , Dictators Abdel Fattah al-Sisi, President of Egypt (since Jun 8, 2014) Born in Gamaleya, Old Cairo, Sisi graduated from Egyptian Military Academy and U.S. Army War College. Sisi held various command positions in the Egyptian Armed Forces and served as Egypt’s Military Attaché in Riyadh. Sisi got his bachelor of military Sciences in 1977, master from Egyptian Command and Staff College in 1987 and master of military sciences from Joint Services Command and Staff College, UK in 1992 in addition to U.S. Army War College fellowship. Sisi was the youngest member of the SCAF during Egyptian Revolution of 2011 serving as the director of military intelligence and reconnaissance department. He was later chosen to replace Mohamed Hussein Tantawi and serve as the commander-in-chief and Minister of Defence and Military Production on 12 August 2012.

Sisi as the chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces played the leading role in ousting President Mohammed Morsi after an uprising against him in 2013. Sisi installed an interim government and remained as Minister of Defence in addition to becoming First Deputy Prime Minister. On 26 March 2014, amid calls for Sisi to run for president, he resigned from the military announcing he would stand as a candidate in the 2014 presidential election. The poll, held between 26 and 28 May 2014 without the participation of most political parties, resulted in a resounding victory for el-Sisi over his sole opponent. Sisi sworn into office as President of Egypt on 8 June 2014. Unlike previous leaders, el-Sisi has been protective of the privacy of his family. He is married and the father of three sons and one daughter. He comes from a religious family and frequently inserts Quranic verses into informal conversations; El-Sisi’s wife wears the traditional Islamic Hijab. He is known to be quiet and is often called the Quiet General. Even as a young man he was often called “General Sisi” due to his perceived orderly demeanor.

His interests include reading about history and law. According to Sherifa Zuhur, a professor at the War College, when el-Sisi attended, many American officers expressed doubts that Muslims could be democratic. El-Sisi disputed this opinion; he and others were critical of decisions made in Iraq and Libya. Zuhur also had the impression that el-Sisi supported a gradual move towards pluralism. Source: Mohamed Morsy, Former President of Egypt (since June 30, 2012) Mohamed Morsi Isa El-Ayyat (born August 20, 1951) is the fifth and current President of Egypt, having assumed office June 30, 2012. Morsi was a Member of Parliament in the People’s Assembly of Egypt from 2000 to 2005 and a leading figure in the Muslim Brotherhood. He became Chairman of the Freedom and Justice Party (FJP), a political party, when it was founded by the Muslim Brotherhood in the wake of the 2011 Egyptian revolution. He stood as the FJP’s candidate for the May–June 2012 presidential election.

On June 24, 2012, the election commission announced that Morsi won Egypt’s presidential runoff against Ahmed Shafiq, the last prime minister under deposed leader Hosni Mubarak. According to official results, Morsi took 51.7 percent of the vote while Shafiq received 48.3. As he had promised during his campaign, Morsi resigned from his position as the head of the FJP after his victory was announced. He is the first civilian to hold the office. Source: Hosny Mubarak, President of Egypt (President Mubarak resigned on Feb 11, 2011. Power was taken over by the Armed Forces Supreme Council) President Hosny Mubarak was born in Al-Menoufiyah governorate, located in the heart of Egypt, in the Delta area. Upon his completion of high school, Mr. Mubarak joined the Egyptian Military Academy, where he received his Bachelor Degree in Military Sciences. In 1950, Mr. Mubarak joined the Air Force Academy and earned his Bachelor in Aviation Sciences. Since then he has held many command positions in the Egyptian Air Force as a Pilot, Instructor, Squadron Leader and Base Commander.

In 1964, Mr. Mubarak headed the Egyptian Military delegation to the USSR and was appointed as the Commander of the Western Air Force Base, at Cairo West Airfield. During the period from 1967 to 1972, he was appointed as the Director of the Air Force Academy and Chief of Staff of the Egyptian Air Force, and remained in this post until 1972 when he became Commander of the Air Force and Deputy Minister for Military Affairs. In October 1973, he was promoted to the rank of Air Marshall. In April 1975, Mr. Mubarak was named as Vice president of Egypt and was appointed as the Vice Chairman of the National Democratic Party (NDP), in 1978. Video of Hosni Mubarak’s final speech before his resignation: Hosny Mubarak, President of Egypt In 1981, Mr. Mubarak became President of the Arab Republic of Egypt and the Chairman of the National Democratic Party. President Mubarak was re-elected by majority votes in 1987,1993, and 1999 for three successive terms.

In recognition of his international leading role, President Mubarak was elected twice as the Chairman of the Organization of African Unity (OAU), during the periods of 1989-1990 and 1993-1994. He has been, also, awarded various local and international prizes such as the Armour of the “Man of Peace” (1983), Prize of “Personality of the Year” (1984), Prize of “Man of the Year 1984” (1985), The Medal of the Astrolabe (1989), Prize of Democratic Human Rights (1990), Membership and Decoration “Honoris Causa” (1991), UN Prize of Population (1994).

Nationally, President Mubarak was awarded numerous Egyptian Civilian and Military Decorations such as Decoration of the Nile, Decoration of the Republic, Decoration of the Republic of the First Order, Decoration of Merit of the First Order, Decoration of Work of the First Order, Decoration of Sciences and Arts of the First Order, Decoration of Sports of the First Order, Memorial Decoration of Merit of the First Order, Memorial Decoration of Excellence of the First Order, Decoration of the Sinai Star of the First Order, Order of the Star of Honor, Military Star Medal, Military Decoration of the Republic of the First Order, Military Decoration for Courage of the First Order, Military Decoration for Duty of the First Order. President Mubarak is married to Mrs. Suzanne Thabet, first lady of Egypt , and they have two sons, Alaa and Gamal as well as two grandsons. Mohamed Morsi of Muslim Brotherhood Declared as Egypt’s President - The New York Times The New York Times Middle East |Named Egypt’s Winner, Islamist Makes History Search Continue reading the main story Photo Crowds celebrated in Tahrir Square in Cairo on Sunday as the news of Mohamed Morsi’s presidential victory was announced.

Credit Tomas Munita for The New York Times CAIRO — Egypt ’s military rulers on Sunday officially recognized Mohamed Morsi of the Muslim Brotherhood as the winner of Egypt’s first competitive presidential election, handing the Islamists both a symbolic triumph and a potent weapon in their struggle for power against the country’s top generals. Mr. Morsi, 60, an American-trained engineer and former lawmaker, is the first Islamist elected as head of an Arab state. He becomes Egypt’s fifth president and the first from outside the military. But his victory, 16 months after the military took over on the ouster of Hosni Mubarak, is an ambiguous milestone in Egypt’s promised transition to democracy. Following a week of doubt, delays and fears of a coup after a public count showed Mr. Morsi winning, the generals showed a measure of respect for at least some core elements of electoral democracy by accepting the victory of a political opponent over their ally, Ahmed Shafik , a former air force general. “Today, you are the source of power, as the whole world sees,” said Mr. Morsi, pointing into the television camera during his victory speech. Mr.

Morsi’s status as president-elect, however, does little to resolve the larger standoff between the generals and the Brotherhood over the institutions of government and the future constitution. Two weeks before June 30, their promised date to hand over power, the generals instead shut down the democratically elected and Islamist-led Parliament; took over its powers to make laws and set budgets; decreed an interim Constitution stripping the incoming president of most of his powers; and reimposed martial law by authorizing soldiers to arrest civilians. In the process, the generals gave themselves, in effect, a veto over provisions of a planned permanent Constitution. Continue reading the main story For much of Sunday, the capital was tense with apprehension that the panel of Mubarak-appointed judges overseeing the election might annul the ballot count and declare Mr. Shafik the president, completing a full military coup. Banks, schools and government offices closed early for fear of violence. Advertisement Continue reading the main story Tens of thousands of Brotherhood supporters and their allies against military rule gathered in Tahrir Square for the sixth day of a sit-in, demanding that the military roll back its power grab.

Around 3:30 p.m., hushed crowds gathered around portable radios to hear the election commissioner’s rambling introduction of the official result. Then they leapt to their feet: Mr. Morsi had won 51.7 percent of the runoff votes. “Morsi, Morsi!,” the crowd chanted. “Down, down with military rule!” Smiling riot police officers put down their helmets to exchange congratulations with bearded protesters. Beaming Brotherhood supporters streamed in, swelling the crowd to perhaps 100,000 by nightfall. In a carnival atmosphere, fireworks were set off and vendors hawked cotton candy or threw pieces of fruit into the laughing crowd. After 84 years as a secret society struggling in the prisons and shadows of monarchs and dictators, the Brotherhood is now closer than ever to its stated goal of building an Islamist democracy in Egypt. “In my dreams, I wanted this to happen, but it is unbelievable,” said Hudaida Hassan, a 20-year-old from Menoufiya who was rejoicing in the square. Photo Mohamed Morsi, the candidate from the Muslim Brotherhood, was declared the winner of the Egyptian presidential election on Sunday.

Credit European Pressphoto Agency Brotherhood leaders emphasized that their struggle was far from over. They promised to continue the sit-in and fight on in the courts and the streets to reinstate Parliament. In his short first statement as president-elect, Mr. Morsi vowed to take the oath of office before the reseated Parliament, and not the Supreme Constitutional Court, as the generals had decreed. Field Marshal Mohamed Hussein Tantawi, the chairman of the military council, congratulated Mr. Morsi. The official presidential guard, which once protected Mr. Mubarak, arrived at Mr. Morsi’s home to take up their new role. Until 16 months ago, their appearance at the home of a Brotherhood leader could only mean a trip to one of Mr. Mubarak’s jails. Mr. Morsi himself was jailed for a time in 2008 and again during the revolt last year against Mr. Mubarak. State television, long a wellspring of propaganda against the Brotherhood, broadcast Mr. Morsi’s victory speech on Sunday.

In it, he pledged repeatedly to be “a president for all Egyptians.” He quoted the first Muslim caliph to describe his authority in Islamic terms, but he also extended a hand to Egypt’s large Coptic Christian minority, many of whom remain dubious of him. “We as Egyptians, Muslims and Christians, are preachers of civilization and building; so we were, and so we will remain, God willing,” he said. “We will face together the strife and conspiracies that target our national unity. “We are all equal in rights, and we all have duties towards this homeland,” he added. “But for me, I have no rights, I have only duties.” He also repeated his pledge to uphold all international agreements, an apparent reference to Egypt’s peace treaty with Israel. Advertisement Continue reading the main story The Coptic Church formally congratulated him, calling the election a victory for democracy. Fulfilling a campaign promise, Mr. Morsi resigned on Sunday from the Brotherhood and its political arm, the Freedom and Justice Party. He is expected to appoint a prime minister and cabinet in the next few days.

He has promised that the prime minister and an advisory council would come from outside the Brotherhood as part of a unity government based on a rebuilt alliance with liberals and other secular activists. At the same time, however, Mr. Morsi has always campaigned not as an individual with a vision of his own but rather as an executor of the Brotherhood’s platform. He was the group’s second-choice nominee, put forward after the disqualification of its leading strategist and most influential leader, Khairat el-Shater . Mr. Morsi, a close friend and protégé of Mr. Shater’s, has vowed to carry out the “renaissance” program that Mr. Shater devised to overhaul Egypt’s ministries. The two did little to dispel the assertions of critics that Mr. Shater and the Brotherhood’s board would wield the true power in a Morsi government. Please verify you're not a robot by clicking the box. Invalid email address. Please re-enter. You must select a newsletter to subscribe to. Sign Up Privacy Policy Even after the two-month presidential campaign, Mr. Morsi remains an unfamiliar figure to most Egyptians. He was living and working in Los Angeles during the tumultuous period after Islamic militants assassinated Anwar Sadat and his successor, Mr.

Mubarak, cracked down on the Brotherhood. Those who knew him in America say Mr. Morsi never appeared notably political or religious. But he became a leader in the Brotherhood after his return to Egypt, and he won election in 2000 to the Mubarak-dominated Parliament, and was chosen to lead the Muslim Brotherhood’s small bloc of 18 members, playing a key role in the group’s experiments in multiparty democracy and coalition-building. But as he rose in the leadership, he gained a reputation as a conservative enforcer, known for discouraging dissent. Five years ago, when the Brotherhood adopted a draft party platform that called for barring women and non-Muslims from the presidency, Mr. Morsi was a chief defender of the controversial planks, inside and outside the group. He argued that Islam required the president to be a male Muslim, in part because the head of state should promote the faith. Since Mr. Mubarak’s ouster, the Brotherhood has jettisoned those proposed restrictions from its platform, but during the campaign Mr. Morsi said that he personally still thought that only a male Muslim should hold the office. Even so, the jubilation and relief at Mr.

Morsi’s victory swept up not only Brotherhood supporters, but also some more secular Egyptians who had stayed on the sidelines of the Brotherhood’s tug of war with the military. Alaa al-Aswany, a writer who campaigned against Mr. Morsi before the runoff and has been a sharp critic of the Brotherhood, wished him well on Sunday. “Congratulations for the Egyptian people,” Mr. Aswany wrote in an online commentary. “The will of the people was able to topple the old regime once more. Long live the revolution.” Photo Revelers in Tahrir Square, where tens of thousands of people, a mix of Brotherhood supporters and liberal and secular allies, had gathered on Sunday for a sixth day of a sit-in against the military. Credit Tomas Munita for The New York Times Inside the prison where Mr. Mubarak’s sons and former allies are being held, there was “sadness and tears” at the election result, the Web site of the state newspaper Al Ahram reported. It said, however, that Mr. Mubarak himself, now under guard in a hospital, reacted stoically. Early in the week, when the vote counts were still unofficial, Mr.

Shafik had declared himself the true winner of the election, but on Sunday he sent Mr. Morsi a congratulatory telegram, wishing him luck with “the difficult task assigned by the Egyptian people,” a Shafik spokesman said. Mr. Morsi’s designation as president-elect will hand the Brotherhood and its more secular and liberal allies an important megaphone in their struggle for power with the military. Mr. Morsi will become the chief figure negotiating with the generals on behalf of both the group and its allies, Brotherhood officials say. Advertisement Continue reading the main story “I feel like there is hope again,” said Mohamed Ahmed, 20, an activist with the secular April 6 Youth Movement, one of many demonstrating with the Brotherhood in Tahrir Square. He was celebrating, he said, but not because he supported Mr. Morsi. “I hate Ahmed Shafik,” he said. “He is from the old regime.” President Obama called Mr. Morsi to congratulate him and offer support, the White House said in a statement. A separate statement urged the generals to speed the transition to democracy and recalled Mr.

Morsi’s pledges of inclusiveness: “We believe in the importance of the new Egyptian government upholding universal values, and respecting the rights of all Egyptian citizens — including women and religious minorities such as Coptic Christians.” Mr. Obama also telephoned Mr. Shafik to commend him on his campaign and to encourage him to help “unify the Egyptian people,” the White House said. Official reaction in Israel was muted; Israeli officials have watched events in Egypt with trepidation over the past year and a half, reflecting concern that a new government would reassess the peace treaty that Egypt’s generals have long honored. In the Gaza Strip, governed by the militant Islamist group Hamas, an offshoot of the Brotherhood, wild celebrations broke out on Sunday. Celebratory gunfire accidentally killed a 24-year-old man and wounded two girls in Rafah, near the border crossing to Egypt. Mr. Morsi’s victory is unlikely to end the fierce polarization of Egyptian society. Many of the young secular and liberal activists who started the revolt against Mr. Mubarak have come back together to support the Brotherhood against the military’s grab for power, but older secular political leaders are more divided.

A counterprotest in support of the ruling generals reportedly grew to 10,000 people Saturday night, and a group of lawmakers who call themselves liberals held a televised news conference to declare their support for the generals and for the dissolution of the Brotherhood-led Parliament. The secular politicians accused the Brotherhood of “hijacking” the revolution, called the group a threat to the “civil” character of the state, and charged that the Brotherhood would impose religious rule. And incongruously, given Washington’s history of antagonism toward the Islamists of the Muslim Brotherhood, the secular lawmakers argued that the United States had improperly tried to sway the presidential race in Mr. Morsi’s favor. American officials and diplomats say the United States supported only the democratic process, regardless of the election’s result. Reporting was contributed by Mayy El Sheikh, Liam Stack and Kareem Fahim from Cairo, and Fares Akram from Gaza. A version of this article appears in print on June 25, 2012, on Page A1 of the New York edition with the headline: Named Egypt’s Winner, Islamist Makes History.

Order Reprints | Today's Paper | Subscribe Mohammed Morsi Biography (Political Leader/President of Egypt) Birthplace: Sharqiya, Egypt Best known as: President of Egypt, 2012-present Mohammed Morsi was declared President of Egypt on 24 June 2012, becoming the first democratically elected president in that nation's history. Morsi, a professor of engineering from Zagazig University, was elected in a run-off election as the candidate from the Muslim Brotherhood's Freedom and Justice Party. He emerged as that party's candidate after others in his party were disqualified from running-- in the first presidential election since the removal of Hosni Mubarak in February of 2011. Morsi won 51.7% of the vote over Ahmed Shafiq, a general who had been Mubarak's last prime minister. Morsi earned his engineering degrees at Cairo University in the late 1970s, and around the same time, he joined the Muslim Brotherhood.

He spent the early 1980s in the United States, earning a doctorate from the University of Southern California in 1982, then working as a professor at California State University in Northridge from 1982 until 1985. After 1985 he taught at Zagazig University and rose in the ranks of the Muslim Brotherhood. Although Morsi was not known as a dynamic candidate, the grassroots support provided by the Muslim Brotherhood helped him edge out Shafiq to become Egypt's first Islamic president. Promising to unite Egypt, Mosri resigned from his party upon assuming the presidency, but his close ties to the fundamentalist Islamic group and the instability of the Egyptian government made things difficult. After months of protests by anti-Morsi groups, there was a military coup in Egypt on 3 July 2013. Copyright © 1998-2017 by Who2?, LLC. All rights reserved.

Muslim Brotherhood's Mohammed Morsi wins Egypt's presidential race | World news | theguardian.com Muslim Brotherhood's Mohammed Morsi wins Egypt's presidential race • Muslim Brotherhood victory comes after reports of a deal • Mohammed Morsi 51.7%, Ahmed Shafiq 48% • Scenes of jubilation in Tahrir Square Egyptian supporters of Muslim Brotherhood backed presidential candidate Mohammed Morsi celebrate after the announcement of the official results of the presidential elections, in Tahrir Square in Cairo Photograph: Mohamed Messara/EPA 5.16pm: Here's a summary of the main events: Egypt • The Muslim Brotherhood's Mohammed Morsi has become Egypt's first freely elected president after a delayed announcement of the results of last weekend's runoff. He beat former prime minister Ahmed Shafiq by more than almost 900,000 votes. Morsi secured 51.7% of the vote, compared to 48% for Shafiq. • Field Marshal Hussein Tantawi, the head of the military council which still holds all the levers of power in Egypt, congratulated Morsi on the victory. Morsi's win came after reports and speculation about a possible deal between the Brotherhood and the military council.

• Morsi's victory was greeted with scenes of wild celebrations by tens of thousands of his supporters in Tahrir Square. The Muslim Brotherhood has vowed to stay in the square to protest at the military council's power grab. Under constitutional amendments announced while votes were being counted last week, the presidency holds very little power compared to the military. The military has also dissolved parliament and holds the final say on the drafting of a new constitution. • The Brotherhood hailed the victory as the start of new era for Egypt. It promised to appoint a cabinet that will "truly represent Egypt after revolution". Syria • Turkish foreign minister Ahmet Davutoglu said the plane that was downed by Syrian was not spying against Syria and was over international waters when it was hit. He said the plane had no "covert mission related to Syria," and it was purely on a training flight to test Turkey's radar capabilities, according to the Turkish daily Hurriyet. But the wreckage of the plane was reported to have been found in Syrian waters. • A ship carrying Russian helicopters to Syria, which turned back after its insurance was cut, is expected to resume its journey accompanied by at least one other vessel, according to the Russian Interfax news agency.

The report is likely to reignite international criticism of Russia's arms deliveries to Syria. • The International Committee of the Red Cross has condemned the killing of of a Red Crescent volunteer in the eastern city of Deir Ezzor. Bashar al-Youssef, who was shot in his Red Crescent uniform, became the fourth ICRC/Red Crescent volunteer to die since the crisis began. Dr Abdul Rahman al-Attar, the president of the Syrian Arab Red Crescent, said: "We are shocked by Bashar's death. It is completely unacceptable." It is unclear which side was responsible. 4.47pm: Egypt: William Hague sends his congratulations and expresses hope for democratic reform. The people of #Egypt have elected a new President. I congratulate him and them on the result, and the peaceful process 4.43pm: Egypt: Here's the moment Muslim Brotherhood supporters celebrated the result . Scroll forward to around 1 minute 35 minutes for football style jubilation. 4.38pm: Egypt: Muslim Brotherhood supporters are in no mood to disperse, and will continue to demonstrate against the military council's power grab, according to Reuters: "The peaceful protests will continue in the squares and across Egypt.

The struggle for a new Egypt is just beginning," Gihad Haddad, a Brotherhood official, told Reuters. The group had called for open-ended protests last week. "We will continue exerting pressure for change on all fronts: through the 'Renaissance' (election) program, the protests and through quickly uniting Egyptians to form a new government to begin its work," another senior Brotherhood official, Hassan Malek, told Reuters. 4.30pm: Egypt: More words of caution to counter the celebrations in Tahrir Square. Shadi Hamid director of research at the Brookings Doha Centre: Morsi's victory does not change the basic facts: parliament was dissolved, martial law reinstated, and constitutional declaration imposed.

— Shadi Hamid (@shadihamid) June 24, 2012 But Liam Stack, stringer for the New York Times, says it is still a historic moment: This is the first time in #egypt history the country will be ruled by someone who is not a king, emperor or general #EgyPresElex — arabist (@arabist) June 24, 2012 Diplomat Thom Reilly: #Cairo is a maelstrom of car horns. A cacophony of fireworks. Shouts, clapping. Permeating it all an overriding sense of relief. #Egypt — Thom Reilly (@ThomReilly) June 24, 2012 Analyst Michael Hanna: Can we now remember that there are many who oppose MB b/c they reject religious supremacism+inequality that inevitably inheres to MB project — Michael Hanna (@mwhanna1) June 24, 2012 Academic Marc Lynch: Historic transfer of power to elected Egyptian President would be more meaningful if there were (still) a Parliament and Constitution.

— Marc Lynch (@abuaardvark) June 24, 2012 Journalist Robert Mackey: — Robert Mackey (@RobertMackey) June 24, 2012 3.48pm: Egypt: The campaign to spoil ballot papers registered some success. There were 843,252 invalid votes, which was around 3.1% of the turnout. This is not as high as campaigners had hoped (they were looking for up to 7%), but more than the usual 1%. 3.37pm: Egypt: TV networks are showing ecstatic scenes in Tahrir Square. Al-Jazeera cut away from the conference to show a live feed from the square with no commentary. Here's the final count: Morsi: 13,230,131 votes (51.7%) Shafiq: 12,347,380 (48%) The turnout was 51% - bigger than the thought and bigger than the 46% of the first round. The Brotherhood declares a new era. Dr.

Mohamed Morsi has won the presidency, and a new era in Egypt and the Arab world has begun. #egypreselex — Thom Reilly (@ThomReilly) June 24, 2012 2.52pm: Egypt: Farouk complains about "media lies" against his election commission. He says the commission rose above these "shenanigans", according to a translation by the BBC. "The commission applied the law when it looked into the ballots. There is nothing above the law," he said. "The commission stood away from entering rivalry," Sultan claimed. Get on with it man. 2.44pm: Egypt: Farouk Sultan, the head of the Supreme Presidential Election Commission, begins the announcement. He talks about "tension" building for months. (He could put us out of our misery now, but doesn't). 2.41pm: Egypt: This is going to strung out. They all stand for Egypt's national anthem. Ompa Ompa. 2.40pm: Egypt: Here we go, the members of the election commission have taken their seats and called for quiet. 2.36pm: Egypt: Still waiting...

My street, Abdel Munim Riyad square and the 6th October flyover suddenly all looking pretty deserted - Egyptians glued to radios & TVs 12.49pm: Egypt: Fears of violence are mounting ahead of the result , according to Reuters Few troops were on the streets but security officials said they were ready to respond to trouble. Government workers around Cairo's Tahrir Square, where thousands of Muslim Brotherhood supporters had gathered, were encouraged to go home for the day. Armoured vehicles were posted in the capital at the election committee headquarters and the government information office where a news conference will end an anxious week of waiting. 12.30pm: Egypt: Speculation has reached fever pitch ahead of the results, as rival demonstrations by Shafiq and Morsi supporters illustrate Egypt's polarization, and Mohamed ElBaradei meets the top general, says Abdel-Rahman Hussein in Cairo. Speaking via Skype he said: This is the most hotly anticipated press conference in Egyptian history. Any further delay is not good for our hearts and our minds. The speculation is intense, every hour it changes. Now it looks like Morsi is winning. There have been reports that the Muslim Brotherhood have been locked in negotiations with the army.

The election result hinges on negotiations not voting. I think Morsi is possibly going to be named the president today, and for that to happen they are going to have to give up on [the dissolved] parliament and the constitution. If Shafiq wins all hell breaks loose. It is going to be a very visceral, very strong reaction. It's going to be very big, and very negative, and not just by the Muslim Brotherhood. For all revolutionary forces to see Shafiq assume the presidency a year and half after you've ousted his boss is a bitter pill to swallow. Don't be surprise if they say the rerun will have to be redone, or if they annul the results entirely. We would have to start over and start with the constitution this time and then parliamentary elections and presidential election. listen to ‘Speculation at fever pitch ahead of Egypt result as ElBaradei meets Tantawi says @ElFoulio’ on Audioboo Mohamed ElBaradei met the head of Scaf, Hussein Tantawi, last night, Abdu reports. Nobody is quite sure what was discussed.

Competing theories suggest he was being offered the premiership under Morsi, or even heading a national salvation government if the presidentail poll result is annulled. Meanwhile, "revolutionary forces for the first time ever find themselves on the couch," Abdu said. "They are just watching the Muslim Brotherhood in Tahrir and the pro-Shafiq supporters in Nasr city. They are thinking 'things have changed somewhat'," he said. The number of Shafiq supporters rivalled Muslim Brotherhood camp, in the most recent rallies, Abdu said. That has a lot to do with anti-Muslim Brotherhood that a lot of people feel in this country. It really has mobilised a lot of people who would normally have stayed at home. If the Brotherhood had built alliances with secularist forces earlier, Egypt may have avoided this current this crisis, Abdu argues. Meanwhile, Britain's foreign secretary William Hague said the UK "stands ready to pursue robust action" at the UN following the shooting down of Turkish plane by Syria. In a statement he said: I am gravely concerned by the Syrian regime's action in shooting down a Turkish military plane on 22 June.

When I spoke to Turkish Foreign Minister Davutoglu on 23 June, he told me that the plane had been shot down without warning. This outrageous act underlines how far beyond accepted behaviour the Syrian regime has put itself and I condemn it wholeheartedly. My thoughts and sympathies are with the families and friends of the missing Turkish pilots. I have made clear to foreign minister Davutoglu the UK's strong support for the Turkish government at this difficult time. The Assad regime should not make the mistake of believing that it can act with impunity. It will be held to account for its behaviour. The UK stands ready to pursue robust action at the United Nations security council. This deplorable incident underlines the urgent need to find a solution to the current crisis in Syria in order to bring an end to the violence and to achieve a genuine political transition. We support the Joint UN and Arab League Special Envoy's continuing efforts on this.

10.52am: Egypt: Here's a selection of some of the predictions of what's going to happen today: Activist Gigi Ibrahim: Today we finally know who "won" elections..If it's not Morsi then for sure the delay was for fixing it to Shafiq #Egypt — Gigi Ibrahim(@Gsquare86) June 24, 2012 Blogger and analyst Issandr el-Amrani: My guess for today: Morsi prez, MB gradually backs down on other matters, lingering uncertainty on new elex. — arabist (@arabist) June 24, 2012 Activist Ahmad Aggour: If Morsi is announced winner, then you know that he agreed to be Tantawi's dog. Otherwise Shafiq will be announced winner. #Egypt — Ahmad H. Aggour (@Psypherize) June 24, 2012 10.34am: A battle between secularist and Islamist forces will dictate what happens next in the Middle East according to according to Britain's former prime minister Tony Blair.

Speaking on the BBC's Andrew Marr show he said the Arab Spring was not analogous to the fall of the Berlin Wall. "People from Eastern Europe looked over the wall. There was a united view of what they wanted. They wanted what we had in western Europe and by and large they got it," he claimed. Blair added: "In the this region there are two very different views as to what comes next after you lift the lid on these dictatorships. One that is very much secular and modernising, liberal-minded. The other is very much based on a religious view of society." Blair, Middle East envoy to the US, EU, Russia and the UN, said such views were irreconcilable. We have got to remain engaged with this process. We should be supporting a programme of evolution across this region. We should understand that revolution will throw up, these very dangerous and toxic forces - you can see this from Iraq indeed. Short term this is going to be really really difficult. Long term this is good. The good news from the Middle East is that people want freedom. The bad news is that they are going to have a struggle getting to a form of democracy that is genuinely open minded and pluralistic.

9.38am: (all times BST) Welcome to a Sunday edition of Middle East Live focusing on the Egyptian presidential election and the latest from Syria. We will have all the build up to the result in Egypt; the announcement itself at around 2pm; and then the reaction. We will also have all the latest fallout on the shooting down of a Turkish jet by Syrian forces. Here's a roundup of the key developments from Egypt and Syria: Egypt • The delayed election results are due to be announced at 3pm local time (2pm BST) as tension mounts in Cairo and both sides continue to claim victory. The BBC's Cairo correspondent John Leyne says: Egypt awaits this election result, nervous about the consequences, and with opinion deeply polarised. The Muslim Brotherhood are convinced that their candidate, Mohamed Morsi, is the winner. They've produced documents they say prove it. And if the result does not confirm it, they will believe the election has been stolen from them. The former prime minister, Ahmed Shafiq, also claims victory. His supporters blame international media, and even Western governments, for wanting to hand victory to the Brotherhood. They warn of the dire consequences if Islamists take control.

• A Brotherhood spokesman, Jihad el-Haddad, said future talks with the generals would have to be conducted with newly formed "national front" it had agreed with more secular figures, the New York Times reports. In so doing, the Brotherhood is acceding to arguments for greater collaboration and openness that have been for years advanced by its more liberal leaders ... He acknowledged ... that most Egyptians now believed that the weeklong delay in the announcement had turned the declaration of a president into a bargaining chip in the generals' indirect negotiations with the Brotherhood and its new allies. • A state TV presenter has accused controllers of the station of bias coverage in favour of Shafiq and the military council in a live broadcast, the Egypt Independent reports. Sherif Abdel Wahab said the director of the programme had ordered coverage of the protests in Nasr city in support of the ruling Supreme Council of the Armed Forces and presidential candidate Ahmed Shafiq, and to ignore the much larger gathering of protesters in Tahrir Square. Its report is a useful summary of the build up to the results. Syria • Turkish foreign minister Ahmet Davutoglu said the plane that was downed by Syrian was not spying against Syria and was over international waters when it was hit.

He said the plane had no "covert mission related to Syria," and it was purely on a training flight to test Turkey's radar capabilities, according to the Turkish daily Hurriyet. • Turkey's leaders have warned that they will take "necessary" action in response to incident. President, Abdullah Gül, said Turkish and Syrian forces were working together to search for the two missing crew of the F-4 aircraft, which was shot down over the Mediterranean on Friday and that any cover-up would not be possible. • The International Committee of the Red Cross has condemned the killing of of a Red Crescent volunteer in the eastern city of Deir Ezzor. Bashar al-Youssef, who was shot in his Red Crescent uniform, became the fourth ICRC/Red Crescent volunteer to die since the crisis began. Dr Abdul Rahman al-Attar, the president of the Syrian Arab Red Crescent, said: "We are shocked by Bashar's death. It is completely unacceptable." It is unclear which side was responsible. Islamist wins Egyptian presidency - The Washington Post Islamist wins Egyptian presidency The inside track on Washington politics. Be the first to know about new stories from PowerPost. Sign up to follow, and we’ll e-mail you free updates as they’re published.

You’ll receive free e-mail news updates each time a new story is published. You’re all set! By Ernesto Londoño and Karin Brulliard By Ernesto Londoño and Karin Brulliard June 24, 2012 Follow @karinbrulliard CAIRO — Egyptians picked a conservative Islamist as their first freely elected president, officials announced Sunday, giving the Muslim Brotherhood a platform to challenge entrenched military authority and electrifying the Arab world’s most populous nation with one of the most concrete signs of democratic change since the revolution last year. Mohamed Morsi’s victory represented a watershed moment for Egyptian Islamists, who were tortured and repressed during decades of autocratic regimes, and it sparked jubilant celebrations in Tahrir Square , the heart of the revolution. But the result raised as many questions as it answered. Morsi will assume a position that was recently weakened by Egypt’s ruling generals through a constitutional decree. And he will not have the backing of the country’s Islamist-dominated parliament, which was dissolved by a court order.

It also remains uncertain whether the low-key, little-known Morsi can serve as a unifying figure in a nation that has splintered politically since the revolution, with many Egyptians fearful that Islamic leadership will impose strict moral codes or try to dominate politics. And though his win will serve as an inspiration for Islamist movements across the region, it is likely to be seen as a potential threat by Israel, which has regarded Egypt as a linchpin of Middle East peace through their 35-year-old treaty. President Obama called the winner on Sunday and “emphasized his interest in working together with President-elect Morsi,” according to a U.S. statement. But the White House also said in a separate congratulatory announcement that it was “essential for the Egyptian government to continue to fulfill Egypt’s role as a pillar of regional peace, security and stability.” In a televised victory speech Sunday night, Morsi cast himself as a leader for all Egyptians. He vowed to champion the rights of women and minority Christians, and he voiced conciliatory notes toward the armed forces. In what appeared to be an effort to demonstrate his independence, the Brotherhood announced Sunday that Morsi had resigned from the organization and its political party.

Egyptian president-elect Mohamed Morsi (The Washington Post) “I will serve all Egypt. There will be no distinction between anybody,” a solemn Morsi said, standing behind a lectern emblazoned with the state insignia. “National unity is the only way to get Egypt out of this difficult time.” Morsi, 60, who is viewed warily by many secular revolutionaries, paid tribute to the hundreds of Egyptians killed during the 18-day revolt last year that led to longtime president Hosni Mu­barak’s removal. Morsi promised the relatives of those slain that he would “not let their blood go to waste.” In the short term, the election result is unlikely to curb the authority of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces, or SCAF, which has ruled Egypt during the chaotic 17 months since Mubarak’s ouster. But it gives the Islamists a forceful injection of credibility, said Eric Trager, a fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, who was in Cairo on Sunday. “While it is true that power remains with the SCAF, no one should underestimate the importance of the presidency as a bully pulpit for the Muslim Brotherhood,” said Trager, who studies the movement.

Still, he added: “This will remain a fight between the Brotherhood and the military.” The first battle is likely to come right away. The Brotherhood said Sunday that Morsi intended to take the oath of office before parliament, which was recently dissolved through a court order that the Brotherhood has denounced as illegitimate. Mustafa Kamel el-Sayed, a professor of political science at Cairo University, said Morsi will have to fight to win back presidential powers that the military removed shortly after the runoff election a week ago and form a cabinet, which the generals are certain to want to influence. At the same time, Egyptians will be expecting him to address bread-and-butter issues, he said. Egypt’s economy has been battered by a drop in tourism, and crime has soared as Mubarak’s police state has eroded. “This is a very positive development,” Sayed said of the election, “but the challenges are tremendous.” Morsi’s supporters savored the victory with rambunctious celebrations across the country, expressing unbridled pride and relief after a tense week during which many Egyptians feared that the ruling generals were moving toward fraudulently proclaiming that Morsi’s rival, a pro-military candidate, had won.

Karim Ahmed, 23, was wrapped in a Morsi poster as people thronged into Tahrir Square, where they danced, cheered, ululated and clapped to the beat of drums and horns. “Injustice can never come back,” Ahmed said. “This is the choice of the people!” A senior U.S. official involved in Egypt policy said Washington grew alarmed last week as rumors swirled in Cairo that the military intended to coronate its favored candidate. “We were concerned and said so,” said the official, who was not authorized to speak on the record. “In the end, the election authorities did the right thing and the votes prevailed. Now it’s time to focus on building a strong relationship with the new president.” Morsi, an engineer, received a doctorate from the University of Southern California. He won a seat in parliament in 2000 and was a member of the Brotherhood’s shadowy Guidance Bureau, which sets policy, until he resigned last year to head the Brotherhood’s Freedom and Justice Party. The often cantankerous politician originally was nominated as a backup candidate on the anticipation that Khariat el-Shater, a more revered Brotherhood figure, might be disqualified, which is what happened.

Morsi spent several months as a political prisoner for participating in protests after the 2005 parliamentary election and was detained during the early days of the 2011 revolt. Morsi comes from the Brotherhood’s conservative wing, and during the campaign he vowed that he would make the Koran the bedrock of the new constitution. He has been critical of Israel’s treatment of the Palestinians but has not advocated for a repeal of the peace treaty. In his speech Sunday, Morsi said he would “respect” Egypt’s international agreements but would also heed the will of the Egyptian people. The accord with Israel is deeply unpopular in Egypt. Sen. John F. Kerry (D-Mass.) said Sunday that his recent conversations with Morsi in Cairo suggest the president-elect understands “the importance of Egypt’s post-revolutionary relationships with America and Israel,” adding that “actions will matter more than words.” Stephen McInerney, executive director of the Washington-based Project on Middle East Democracy, said Brotherhood officials have not indicated an intention to scrap the treaty, which has made Egypt among the top recipients of U.S. aid since it was signed in 1979.

“You’ll see more inflammatory rhetoric and rhetoric demonstrating a willingness to stand up to Israel, but there does not appear to be a desire to change the fundamental points of the peace treaty,” McInerney said. Election officials said Morsi captured almost 52 percent of the votes in a runoff against former Mubarak prime minister Ahmed Shafiq. Even those who weren’t gladdened by Morsi’s victory said they were nonetheless pleased that the country had had a free vote. “It’s a reality now,” said Mohammed Said, 32, a flag vendor in Tahrir. More world news coverage:

Question: Who became President of Egypt in June 2012?
Answer: (Mohammed) Morsi