Origin of the names of Canada’s provincial and territorial capitals | Natural Resources Canada Origin of the names of Canada’s provincial and territorial capitals Origin of the names of Canada’s provincial and territorial capitals Whitehorse, Yukon Ottawa, Canada The name Ottawa is derived from the Algonquin word “adawe”, which means “to trade”. The settlement was originally incorporated as Bytown in 1850. The name was changed to Ottawa in 1855. (Sources: Canadian Geographical Names Data Base, Geographical Names Board 18th Report) Find out more: Geographical name search results: Ottawa St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador There is some disagreement regarding the history behind how St. John’s acquired its name. The most widely accepted explanation comes from the Portuguese explorer Gaspar Corte-Real, who recorded the area as Rio de San Johem in 1519. The earliest recording of the modern day spelling came from an English merchant who travelled to Newfoundland in the 1570’s. Geographical name search results: Toronto Winnipeg, Manitoba The Cree named the lake to the north “Win” (muddy) and “nipee” (water).

In 1873, Winnipeg was incorporated as a city. (Source: City of Winnipeg ) Find out more: Geographical name search results: Winnipeg Regina, Saskatchewan Cree hunters stacked buffalo bones in the area of Regina, and named it Oskana-Ka-asateki or "the place where bones are piled." Early explorers, fur traders and settlers called the area “Pile of Bones.” It was decided in 1882 when the town began to grow that it required a more regal name. Princess Louise suggested that the town be named Regina in honour of her mother and the reigning monarch, Queen Victoria. Geographical name search results: Iqaluit Yellowknife, Northwest Territories Yellowknife acquired its name from the aboriginal group known as the “T'atsaot'ine”, or “Yellowknives”. It became the capital of the Northwest Territories in 1967. Known for its valuable minerals, it has the traditional name of Smbak'è, which means money place.

(Source: Canadian Geographical Names Data Base) Find out more: Geographical name search results: Yellowknife Whitehorse, Yukon Originally called White Horse, the name came from the foam in nearby rapids on the Yukon River which looked similar to the manes on white horses. Whitehorse was incorporated as a city in 1950, and replaced Dawson as the capital of the Yukon in 1953. (Sources: Canadian Geographical Names Data Base) Find out more: St. John's, the Capital of Newfoundland and Labrador St. John's, the Capital of Newfoundland and Labrador Key Facts About St. John's, the Capital City of Newfoundland and Labrador Grant Faint/Photographer's Choice/Getty Images Updated: 10/16/2013 About the City of St. John's, Newfoundland St. John's is the capital city of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador , Canada. St. John's is Canada's oldest city, and it shows its old-fashioned charm in winding, hilly streets lined with colorful buildings. St. John's sits on a deepwater harbour connected by the Narrows, a long inlet to the Atlantic Ocean.

The local economy, depressed by the collapse of the cod fishery in the early 1990s, has been brought back to prosperity with petro-dollars from off-shore oil projects. Location of St. John's, Newfoundland The easternmost city in North America, St. John's is situated on the east side of the Avalon Peninsula in southeast Newfoundland. Area of City of St. John's 446.06 sq. km (172.22 sq. miles) (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Population of City of St. John's 106,172 (Statistics Canada, 2011 Census) Date St. John's Incorporated as a City 1921 Date St. John's Became the Capital City of Newfoundland In 1832, St. John's became the seat of government of Newfoundland, an English colony at the time, when Newfoundland was granted a colonial legislature by England. St. John's became the capital city of the province of Newfoundland when Newfoundland joined Canadian Confederation in 1949. Government of City of St. John's, Newfoundland St.

John's municipal elections are held every four years on the last Tuesday in September. Date of the last St. John's municipal election: Tuesday, September 24, 2013 Date of the next St. John's municipal election: Tuesday, September 26, 2017 The City of St. John's has a partial ward system with a Mayor, Deputy Mayor, five ward councillors and four councillors at large. Canada Provinces Buy data Donate Updates: Update 12 to Geopolitical Entities and Codes (formerly FIPS 10-4) is dated 2013-06-30. It corrects the French name of Newfoundland and Labrador by inserting a missing hyphen. The name of Newfoundland changed to "Newfoundland and Labrador" ("Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador" in French) on 2001-12-06. This is reflected in Change Notice 8 to FIPS PUB 10-4, dated 2002-06-28, and in ISO 3166-2 Newsletter I-2 (2002-05-21).

Subsequently the province's postal designator was changed from NF to NL. ISO 3166-2 Newsletter number I-4, dated 2002-12-10, made the corresponding change to the ISO code. The name "Yukon Territory" was changed to "Yukon" in the ISO standard on 2014-10-29. Nunavut split from Northwest Territories on 1999-04-01. This is reflected in Change Notice 3 to FIPS PUB 10-4, dated 1999-05-17, which added Nunavut, and assigned new codes to it and to Northwest Territories. Update I-1 to ISO 3166-2 (2000-06-21) added Nunavut, with NU as its code. Country overview: Ottawa, Ontario Canada became a self-governing dominion in 1867. In 1926, an Imperial Conference clarified that the dominions were autonomous communities within the British Empire, equal in status to Great Britain.

The formal name "Dominion of Canada" was phased out from the 1950s to 1982, in favor of simply "Canada". The British Commonwealth of Nations was formally inaugurated on 1931-12-11, with Canada and Newfoundland as members. The Parliament of the United Kingdom retained the power to approve or reject some amendments to the Canadian Constitution until 1982. Canada began with four provinces in 1867. There have been territorial acquisitions since then, but only one during the 20th century: Newfoundland, in 1949. Other names of country: See the Counties of Canada page. The subdivisions of the Canadian provinces and territories are varied in size, status, and stability. The eastern provinces tend to be divided into counties; the western provinces, sections, divisions, or districts; and Yukon is only subdivided for electoral or census purposes. Prince Edward Island appears to have been subdivided into Prince, Queens, and Kings Counties for as long as it has been a province.

Northwest Territory had been subdivided into the districts of Franklin, Keewatin, and Mackenzie since 1912, although their borders had been somewhat modified; then, about 1980, it was changed to five districts (Baffin, Fort Smith, Inuvik, Keewatin, and Kitikmeot). Other provinces are more complex. The units of local government include cantons, cities, community councils, counties, districts, divisions, muncipalities, parishes, sections, towns, and villages. There are sub-varieties, including county regional municipalities, district municipalities, metropolitan municipalities, and municipal townships. Many provinces have more than one level of subdivision. Most of them have changed their subdivisions several times. (See source [10].) Territorial extent: British Columbia is separated from Alaska by an indefinite boundary in coastal waters. It contains the Queen Charlotte Islands and Dundas Island, but not Dall Island, Prince of Wales Island, or Sitklan Island.

The boundary with Washington follows the Strait of Juan de Fuca between Vancouver Island and the Olympic Peninsula, then turns north between Canada's Sidney Island, South Pender Island, and Saturna Island, and the United States's San Juan Island, Stuart Island, and Waldron Island, until it meets the longitude of 49ï¿½ N. New Brunswick is divided from Maine by a line that runs down the Saint Croix River and passes between Deer Island, Campobello Island, Grand Manan Island, and adjacent islets on the Canadian side, across from West Quoddy Head, the easternmost point in the United States. Newfoundland and Labrador consists of the large island of Newfoundland, a large mainland area on the northeast coast (Labrador), and adjacent islands. Labrador has sometimes been abbreviated LB as if it were a province name. Northwest Territories includes the Canadian Arctic islands north of 70ï¿½ N. and between 110ï¿½ and 136ï¿½ W. (to a first approximation; for a more accurate description of the boundary with Nunavut, see for example this page ). The largest Arctic islands totally within Northwest Territories are Banks Island and Prince Patrick Island.

Northwest Territories also includes large parts of Victoria Island and Melville Island. Nova Scotia includes Sable Island in the Atlantic Ocean. Nunavut includes all Canadian islands in Hudson Bay, James Bay, the Hudson Strait, Ungava Bay, and the Arctic Ocean between the eastern border of Northwest Territories and the northern tip of Labrador (see source [3]). The border between Labrador and Nunavut runs along Killiniq Island. The division between Nunavut and Greenland follows the Robeson Channel, Kennedy Channel, Kane Basin, Baffin Bay, Davis Strait, and Labrador Bay. Ontario includes Main Duck Island in Lake Ontario, and Pelee Island in Lake Erie. Middle Island, an islet lying off Pelee Island, is the southernmost point of land in Canada. Ontario also includes Manitoulin Island, between Lake Huron and Georgian Bay, the largest lake island in the world. In Lake Superior, Caribou Island belongs to Ontario. Quebec includes Anticosti Island and the ï¿½les de la Madeleine (Magdalen Islands) in the Gulf of Saint Lawrence. Yukon includes Herschel Island in the Arctic Ocean.

Four provinces or territories meet at approximately 60ï¿½ N., 102ï¿½ W.: Manitoba, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and Saskatchewan. for Canada lists locations in the country, some of them with their latitudes and longitudes, some with their ISO 3166-2 codes for their subdivisions. This information can be put together to approximate the territorial extent of subdivisions. Origins of names: Alberta: Named for Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, wife of the then-Governor General of Canada and daughter of Queen Victoria of England. British Columbia: British possession, on the Columbia River, named by Capt. Robert Gray for his vessel Columbia, in turn named for Cristopher Columbus. Labrador: Portuguese lavrador: laborer, farmer. Probably for Joï¿½o Fernandes, an explorer and farmer. Manitoba: Probably from Cree maniotwapow: the strait of the spirit, from a belief that a natural noise caused by pebbles on Manitoba Island was the sound of a spirit beating a drum. New Brunswick: Named in honor of King George III of England, a descendant of the House of Brunswick (Germany).

Newfoundland: Called a "new found isle" by discoverer, John Cabot. Northwest Territories: Descriptive. Nova Scotia: Latin for New Scotland. Nunavut: Inuktitut for our land. Ontario: Named for Lake Ontario. From native word, possibly onittariio: beautiful lake. Prince Edward Island: Named for Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, father of Queen Victoria of England. Quebec: From the Algonquian word for narrow passage, referring to the Saint Lawrence River at Cape Diamond. Saskatchewan: Named for the Saskatchewan River. From Cree Kisiskatchewani Sipi: swift-flowing river. Yukon: Named for the Yukon River. From native name Yu-kun-ah: great river. Change history: Around 1754, the lands which now form Canada were divided between France and Great Britain. Nouvelle-France (New France) was the name for all French territory in North America. Newfoundland and Nova Scotia were British colonies. The Hudson's Bay Company held a charter from King Charles II of England, under which it governed Rupert's Land.

1763-02-10: New France ceded to Great Britain by the Treaty of Paris. France retained only the islands of Saint Pierre and Miquelon, which now constitute a territorial collectivity of France. 1763-10-07: Island of Saint John's (French ï¿½le Saint-Jean; present-day Prince Edward Island) and Cape Breton Island (French ï¿½le Royale) annexed to Nova Scotia. Labrador coast, Anticosti Island, and the Madeleine Islands annexed to Newfoundland. 1769: Saint John's Island colony (ï¿½le Saint-Jean) split from Nova Scotia. Its capital was Charlottetown. 1774: By the Quebec Act, Quebec province was extended to the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, and incorporated the Labrador coast, Anticosti Island, and the Madeleine Islands. 1783-09-03: Treaty of Paris recognized independence of the United States. The part of Quebec south of the Great Lakes became an acknowledged part of the United States.

1784-06-18: New Brunswick province and Cape Breton Island colony split from Nova Scotia by an Order in Council. Sydney was the capital of Cape Breton Island. 1788: Fredericton became capital of New Brunswick. 1791-08-24: Quebec province split into Upper Canada (corresponding to Ontario) and Lower Canada (Quebec). 1792-07-26: Capital of Upper Canada established at Niagara, which was simultaneously renamed Newark. The name change was reversed in 1794. The town is now Niagara-on-the-Lake. 1796-02-01: Capital of Upper Canada moved from Niagara to York. 1799: Name of Saint John's Island changed to Prince Edward Island. 1809: Labrador coast and Anticosti Island transferred to Newfoundland. 1818: Treaty of 1818 fixed the boundary between the United States and Canada at 49ï¿½ North latitude, westward from Lake of the Woods to the Oregon Territory, which became a condominium of the United States and Great Britain. 1820: Cape Breton Island merged with Nova Scotia.

1825: Anticosti Island, and the Labrador coast from Riviï¿½re Saint-Jean to Anse Sablon, transferred from Newfoundland to Lower Canada. 1834: Name of capital of Upper Canada changed from York to Toronto. 1841-02-10: Under Act of Union, name of Lower Canada changed to Canada East, and Upper Canada to Canada West. The two were united to form the province of Canada. Its capital was Kingston, now in Ontario. 1842-11-10: Webster-Ashburton Treaty settled the boundary between U.S. and Canada (Maine/New Brunswick, Minnesota/Hudson's Bay Company). 1844: Capital of Canada province moved from Kingston to Montrï¿½al (source [1]). 1846: Oregon Boundary Treaty established the 49ï¿½ line as the boundary between the Oregon territory and British possessions. The British part was named New Caledonia. 1849: Vancouver Island organized as a colony. 1849: Capital of Canada province moved from Montrï¿½al to Toronto. 1851: Capital of Canada province moved from Toronto to Quebec City.

1855: Capital of Canada province moved from Quebec City to Toronto. 1855: Status of Newfoundland changed to dominion, with Labrador as its dependency. 1858: New Caledonia was renamed British Columbia and organized as a colony. 1859: Capital of Canada province moved from Toronto to Quebec City. 1859: The remaining unorganized territory between British Columbia and the Arctic Ocean, and between Alaska and Rupert's Land, was claimed by Great Britain and named The North-Western Territory. 1862: Stickeen territory was split from North-Western territory, extending northward from British Columbia to 62ï¿½ North latitude. 1863: Stickeen territory split between British Columbia and North-Western territory, with the line of division following 60ï¿½ North latitude. 1865: Capital of Canada province moved from Quebec City to Ottawa. 1866-11: Vancouver Island merged with British Columbia, which had now reached its present-day borders. 1867-07-01: By the British North America Act, Canada became a dominion.

It had four provinces: New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec (these last two formed by splitting the former province of Canada). Its capital was Ottawa. 1870-07-15: Rupert's Land ceded by the Hudson's Bay Company and merged with North-Western territory to form The North-West Territories. Canada assumed the governance of North-West territories. Manitoba province created, consisting of about the southern third of present-day Manitoba. 1871-07-20: British Columbia became a province of Canada. 1873-07-01: Prince Edward Island became a province of Canada. 1880-09-01: Great Britain transferred its claims to all North American arctic islands to Canada. 1881-07-01: Manitoba annexed part of Northwest Territories. 1898-06-13: Yukon territory split from Northwest Territories. 1905-09-01: Alberta and Saskatchewan provinces formed from parts of Northwest Territories. 1912-05-15: Parts of Northwest Territories annexed to Manitoba, Ontario, and Quebec provinces.

1927-03-01: Labrador hinterland transferred from Quebec province to the dominion of Newfoundland. 1934-02-16: Status of Newfoundland changed from dominion to crown colony. 1949-03-31: Newfoundland merged with Canada, becoming a province. Labrador, formerly its dependency, became part of the new province. 1967-01-18: Yellowknife became capital of Northwest Territories. Formerly, the region had been administered from Ottawa. ~1993: The Canada Post designator for Quebec was PQ, for "Province du Quï¿½bec", until it was changed to the current QC. The exact date of the change calls for further research. 1999-04-01: Nunavut territory split from Northwest Territories (former FIPS code CA06). Canada Post continued to use NT as the designator for both Nunavut and Northwest Territories until 2000-12-12. See source [9] for a sidelight. 2001-12-06: Name of Newfoundland changed to Newfoundland and Labrador.

(Date of proclamation; the Canadian Senate removed the last legal barrier by passing a constitutional amendment on 2001-11-20.) 2002-10-21: Canada Post changed postal designator of Newfoundland and Labrador from NF to NL (source [8]). A six-month grace period was allowed for the changeover. 2003-04-01: Name of Yukon Territory changed to Yukon (see source [7]).

Other names of subdivisions: Alberta: Альберта (Russian) British Columbia: Britisch Kolumbien (German); Colombie britannique (French); Columbia Britï¿½nica (Spanish); Colï¿½mbia Britï¿½nica (Portuguese); Columbia Britannica (Italian); New Caledonia (obsolete); Британская Колумбия (Russian) Manitoba: Манитоба (Russian) New Brunswick: Neubraunschweig (German); Nueva Brunswick (Spanish); Nouveau-Brunswick (French); Nova Brunswick (Portuguese) Newfoundland and Labrador: Neufundland [n] (German); Newfoundland (obsolete); Terra Nova (Portuguese); Terranova (Italian, Spanish); Terre-Neuve (French-obsolete); Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador (French); Ньюфаундленд (Russian) Northwest Territories: Nordwestgebiete, Nordwest-Territorien (German); Territoires du Nord-Ouest (French); Territori di Nordovest (Italian); Territorios del Noroeste (Spanish); Territï¿½rios do Noroeste (Portuguese) Nova Scotia:

 Acadia (obsolete, also refers to New Brunswick); Neuschottland [n] (German); Nouvelle-ï¿½cosse (French); Nova Escï¿½cia (Portuguese); Nueva Escocia (Spanish) Ontario: Ontï¿½rio (Portuguese); Upper Canada (obsolete); Онтарио (Russian) Prince Edward Island: ï¿½le de Saint-Jean (obsolete); ï¿½le du Prince-ï¿½douard (French); Ilha do Prï¿½ncipe Eduardo (Portuguese); Isla Prï¿½ncipe Eduardo (Spanish); Isola Principe Edoardo (Italian); Prinz Edward-Insel (German) Quebec: Lower Canada (obsolete); Quï¿½bec (French, Italian, Portuguese); Quebeque (Portuguese-variant); Квебек (Russian) Saskatchewan: Саскачеван (Russian) Yukon: Territoire du Yukon (French-obsolete); Yukon Territory (obsolete); Yukï¿½n (Spanish) Population history: Notes: The 1996 census reported a population of 64,404 for Northwest Territories,

 which included Nunavut at that time.

The figures shown above for those territories in 1996 were calculated retroactively. Prior to 1949, Newfoundland had a separate census. Its population was 289,588 in 1935, and 321,819 in 1945. Populations of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Yukon included in Northwest Territories before 1900. Population of Manitoba included in Northwest Territories before 1870. 1951 figures are duplicated to facilitate comparison of successive censuses. Sources: [1] "A Capital for Canada: conflict and compromise in the nineteenth century", David B. Knight. Chicago: University of Chicago, Dept. of Geography, 1977. It describes six times that the capital of Canada was moved in 1841-1867. Workbook Canada - Citizenship Test - Wikibooks, open books for an open world Workbook Canada - Citizenship Test 1. Who are the Aboriginal peoples of Canada? The first inhabitants in Canada (the first people to live in Canada) 2. What are the three main groups of Aboriginal peoples? First Nations, Inuit, Métis. 3.

From whom are the Métis descended? Many early French fur traders and some English traders married First Nations Women. Their descendants are called the Métis people. 4. Which group of Aboriginal peoples make up more than half the population of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut? Dene, Inuit, Metis 5. Why are the Aboriginal peoples of Canada working toward self-government? to preserve their unique cultures and languages. History (answers can be found in the sections on regions of Canada)[ edit ] 1. Where did the first European settlers in Canada come from? France 2. Why did the early explorers first come to Atlantic Canada? To fish and trade with Aboriginal peoples. 3. What three industries helped the early settlers build communities in the Atlantic region? Farming, fishing and shipbuilding. 4. Who were the United Empire Loyalists? British settlers from the united states that were loyal to England. 5. When did settlers from France first establish communities on the St.Lawrence River? Early 1600s. 6. Which trade spread across Canada, making it important to the economy for over 300 years? Fur trade. 7.

What form of transportation did Aboriginal peoples and fur traders use to create trading networks in North America? Waterways. 8. What important trade did the Hudson’s Bay Company control? Fur trade. 9. What did the government do to make immigration to Western Canada much easier? Built a railway across the Prairies to the Pacific Coast. 1. What does Confederation mean? Joining of provinces to make a new country 2. What is the Canadian Constitution? A system of laws and conventions by which our country governs itself 3. What year was Confederation? 1867 4. When did the British North America Act come into effect? 1867 5. Why is the British North America Act important in Canadian history? It made confederation official. 6. Which three provinces first formed Confederation? New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and province of Canada 7. Which was the last province to join Canada? Newfoundland 8. When is Canada Day and what does it celebrate? We celebrate the anniversary of Confederation July 1st of each year 9. Who was the first Prime Minister of Canada? Sir John A. Macdonald 10.

Why is the Constitution Act, 1982 important in Canadian history? It allows Canada to change the Constitution without asking approval of the British Government Rights and Responsibilities[ edit ] 1. What part of the Constitution legally protects the basic rights and freedoms of all Canadians? The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms 2. When did the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms become part of the Canadian Constitution? 1982 3. Name two fundamental freedoms protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Freedom of religion and freedom of speech, freedom to enter and leave Canada, educated in either official language 4. Name three legal rights protected by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Right to live and work anywhere in Canada, right to a fair trial, and right to protection against discrimination. 5. List three ways in which you can protect the environment. Compost and recycle, conserve energy and water, walk or join a car pool 6. Who has the right to apply for a Canadian passport? Canadian citizens. 7. What does equality under the law mean? Being treated with equal dignity and respect, and having equal rights to speak out and express ideas. 8. Name six responsibilities of citizenship.

Vote, help others, care for our heritage and environment, obey Canada's laws, respect the rights of others,serve on a jury when called. 9. Give an example of how you can show responsibility by participating in your community. Start volunteering,join the community group such as environmental group 10. List four rights Canadian citizens have. Right to be educated in either official language, vote, apply for a Canadian passport, enter and leave Canada freely. 11. What will you promise when you take the Oath of Citizenship? Pledge allegiance to the Queen, observe the laws of Canada and fulfill the duties of a Canadian. 1. What are the two official languages of Canada? English and French 2. Give an example of where English and French have equal status in Canada. Federal Courts and in all Federal Institutions. 3. Where do most French-speaking Canadians live? Quebec 4. Which province has the most bilingual Canadians? Quebec. 5. Which province is the only officially bilingual province? New Brunswick Symbols[ edit ] 1. What does the Canadian flag look like? White with a red border on each end and a red maple leaf in the centre. 2. What song is Canada’s national anthem? O Canada 3.

Give the first two lines of Canada’s national anthem. English: O Canada! Our home and native land! / True patriot love in all thy sons command. French: Ô Canada! Terre de nos aïeux, / Ton front est ceint de fleurons glorieux! 4. Where does the name “Canada” come from? It comes from the word Kanata which was originally used by two teen aboriginals to direct Jacques Cartier to the settlement of Stadacona (Quebec City), the word means village or settlement, in the Huron Iroquois Language 5. Which animal is an official symbol of Canada? Beaver 6. What is the tower in the centre of the Parliament buildings called? Peace Tower 7. What is the highest honor available for Canadians? Victoria Cross for actions under military command. 1. What is the approximate population of Canada? About 35 Million (for up-to-date information, check Statistics Canada ) 2. What three oceans border on Canada? Atlantic, Arctic and Pacific 3. What is the capital city of Canada? Ottawa 4. Name all the provinces and territories and their capital cities. Provinces:Newfoundland and Labrador (St.

John's), Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown), Nova Scotia (Halifax), New Brunswick (Fredericton), Quebec (Quebec City), Ontario (Toronto), Manitoba (Winnipeg), Saskatchewan (Regina), Alberta (Edmonton), British Columbia (Victoria) Territories: Yukon Territory (Whitehorse), Northwest Territories (Yellowknife), Nunavut (Iqaluit) 5. Name the five regions of Canada. Atlantic, Central, Prairie, West Coast and North 6. Which region covers more than one-third of Canada? Northern Canada. 7. In which region do more than half the people in Canada live? Central Canada. 8. One-third of all Canadians live in which province? Ontario 9. Where are the Canadian Rockies? On the border between British Columbia and Alberta 10. Where are the Great Lakes? Between Canada and the United States 11. Which mountain range is on the border between Alberta and British Columbia? Rocky Mountains. 12. Where are the Parliament buildings located? Ottawa 13. Which country borders Canada on the south? United states of America 14. What are the Prairie provinces?

Alberta (Edmonton), Saskatchewan (Regina) and Manitoba (Winnipeg) 15. Which province in Canada is the smallest in land size? Prince Edward Island 16. What is a major river in Quebec? St. Lawrence River 17. On what date did Nunavut become a territory? April 1st, 1999 1. What are the three main types of industries in Canada? Natural resources, manufacturing and services 2. In what industry do most Canadians work? Services - 75% 3. What country is Canada’s largest trading partner? United states of America 4. Which region is known as the industrial and manufacturing heartland of Canada? Central Canada 5. Which region of Canada is known for both its fertile agricultural land and valuable energy resources? Prairie provinces 1. Who is Canada’s Head of State? Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II. 2. Who is the Queen’s representative in Canada? Governor General of Canada 3. What is the name of the Governor General? David Lloyd Johnston since 1 October 2010 (for up-to-date information, see here ) 4. What do you call the Queen’s representative in the provinces?

Lieutenant-Governor 5. What is Canada’s system of government called? federal state, a parliamentary democracy and a constitutional monarchy. Check [1] 6. What are the three parts of Parliament? The Queen, the House of Commons and the Senate 7. Explain how the levels of government are different. In Canada we elect people to represent us at different levels: federal, provincial, territorial, and municipal (local). The Constitution grants different areas of responsibility to the federal Parliament and provincial Legislatures. Under the Constitution, Parliament has the authority to govern the territories, but in practice it has turned much of that authority over to the territorial governments. 8. What do you call a law before it is passed? A bill 9. How are members of Parliament chosen? each electoral district chooses one. 10. Who do members of Parliament represent? A Member of parliament represents the voters in the respective Electoral District and as part of Parliament, all Canadians. 11. How does a bill become law? Approval by a majority in the House of Commons and Senate and finally the Governor General 12. What are the three levels of government in Canada? Federal, Provincial/Territorial, Municipal or Local 13.

Name two responsibilities for each level of government. Federal: National Defense, Citizenship Provincial: Health care, Education Municipal: Snow removal, building codes, recycling 14. What is the government of all of Canada called? Federal Government 1. How many electoral districts are there in Canada? 338 2. In what electoral district do you live? Bramalea-Gore-Malton Ontario 3. Who has the right to vote in federal elections? A Canadian citizen, 18 years or older and on voters list 4. What three requirements must you meet in order to vote in a federal election? Canadian citizen, 18 years or older and on the list of electors 5. What is written on a federal election ballot? The names of the candidates in your electoral district in alphabetical order from "A" to "Z 6. What do you mark on a federal election ballot? "X" 7. How is the government formed after an election? The party with the most elected representatives becomes the party in power. The leader of this party becomes the Prime Minister. 8. How is the Prime Minister chosen? The leader of the party with the most elected representatives becomes the Prime Minister 9.

When does an election have to be held according to the Constitution? On the 3rd Monday in October every 4 years following the most recent general election. 10. Name all the federal political parties in the House of Commons and their leaders. Conservative (Stephen Harper), NDP (Thomas Mulcair), Liberal (Michael Ignatieff), Bloc Quebecois (Gilles Duceppe), Green (Elizabeth May) 11. Which party becomes the official opposition? The party with the second most MPs. 12. What is the role of the opposition parties? To oppose or try to improve government proposals 13. Which party is the official opposition at the federal level? The New Democratic Party (NDP) 14. Name the Prime Minister of Canada and his party. Stephen Harper (Conservative Party) 15. Name your member of Parliament and the party he or she belongs to. Bal Gosal (PC) 16. What is a voter information card? A form that tells you when and where to vote. 17. Who has the right to run as a candidate in federal elections? Any Canadian citizen who is at least 18 years old. 18. Who do Canadians vote for in a federal election?

A candidate they want to represent them in Parliament 19. What do political parties do? Share ideas about how government should work 20. Which federal political party is in power? Conservative Party (for up-to-date information check either the Canadian Parliament page or [w:Prime_Minister_of_Canada Wikipedia|here]]) 21. How are senators chosen? They are chosen by the Prime Minister and appointed by the Governor General 22. What should you do if you do not receive a voter information card telling you when and where to vote? Call Elections Canada or visit their website 23. After a federal election, which party forms the new government? The party with the most elected representatives becomes the party in power Section II. Questions about your region[ edit ] (answers depend on test-taker's location) 1. What is the capital city of the province or territory in which you live? Ontario Capital -Toronto 2. List three natural resources important to your region’s economy today. Manufacturing,mining and forestry 3. Who is your city councillor, alderperson, reeve or regional councillor?

8 wards, charlene miller ward 1, ward 2 greg dionne, ward3 lee atkison, ward 4 jayne remenda, ward 5 cheryl ring, ward 6 martin ring , ward 7 darren whitehead, ward 8 ted zurakowski 4. What is the name of your mayor? SUSAN FENNELL 5. What is the name of your provincial representative (member of the Legislative Assembly, member of the provincial Parliament, member of the National Assembly or member of the House of Assembly)? Jagmeet Singh (Bramalea-Gore-Malton)Ontario 6. What is the name of the premier of your province or territory Kethleen Wynne 7. Which political party is in power in your province or territory? Liberal 8. What is the name of the leader of the opposition in your province? PC Party- TIM Hudak 9. What is the name of your lieutenant governor or commissioner? Honourable David C. Onley is the Lieutenant Governor of Ontario. 10.

What is the name of the Commissioner, who represents the federal government in Ontario is a province and not a territory and does not have a commissioner who represents the federal government Atlantic Provinces travel guide - Wikitravel Talk[ edit ] While the people of the Atlantic Provinces predominantly speak English and French, it is worth noting that there are regional dialects of these languages that can throw off the average Central Canadian tourist, not to mention those from abroad. Some rural communities in the Maritime Provinces have unique vernacular expressions unfamiliar to tourists. For example, "Some fine" means "Very good". Such expressions will not hamper a tourist's understanding of locals, but it may be a noticeable feature in certain areas. Not limited to Atlantic Canada, some of these expressions can be found in neighbouring US states. Acadian French[ edit ] Acadian French (le français acadien) is a dialect of French spoken by the Acadians in the Canadian Maritimes provinces. Like other Canadian French dialects, it diverged from the French of France about 400 years ago at the time of the French colonization of the Americas, and sounds different to visiting Francophones. Acadians and francophones from Quebec can understand each other with little difficulty.

A good glossary is available online. Newfoundland English, French, and Irish[ edit ] In Newfoundland, another dialect of English is found in combination with any number of local variations. However, for the most part, the Newfoundland English dialect is extremely similar to the dialects spoken in the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Devonshire and Cornwall in the south-west of England, know colloquially in the UK as the "West Country" dialect. This is unsurprising in some ways, since the original settlers lead by John Guy (from Bristol, England) founded the first ever English colony in Canada about an hour north of St. John's, in the beautiful coastal-town of Cupids. They were all from the "West Country". Tourists from these British counties will likely find the dialect both very familiar and rather fascinating. It is often noted that a Newfoundlander can give away his or her home town simply by speaking. In some areas, an Irish lilt can be heard, while in other areas it may not be present. A few Newfoundland English expressions you may encounter: Where you to?: Where are you? Stay where you're to.: Don't leave. Stay where you're to 'til I comes where you're at.: Wait there for me.

Flat on the back with that!: An expression of approval, male speaker Flat on the back for that!: An expression of approval, female speaker b'y (pronounced bye): boy, guy, man, friend (sometimes used in a general way to include males and females) Unlike Newfoundland English, Newfoundland French and Irish are nearly extinct. Newfoundland French is distinct from other Canadian French dialects including Quebec French and Acadian French, and is generally found in the Port au Port Peninsula. The language was deliberately discouraged by the government in the 20th century. Newfoundland Irish is a dialect of the Irish language specific to the island of Newfoundland and was widely spoken until the mid-20th century. It is very similar to the accent heard in the southeast of Ireland, due to mass immigration from the counties Tipperary, Waterford, Wexford and Cork. Newfoundland is the only place outside Europe with its own distinctive name in the Irish language, Talamh an Éisc, literally "Land of Fish". By Plane[ edit ] Halifax has the main international airport in the region (and it was recently listed as one of North America's best).

Flights can also be made to Sydney in Cape Breton from Halifax, or periodically from Boston , Toronto , or other Maritime cities. Eat[ edit ][ add listing ] The whole region is famous for its seafood. The clam chowder is to die for and the mussels are legendary. PEI is famous for lobster, Newfoundland for "fish" (always refers to cod) and seal-flipper pie (yes, made from flippers of seals). The local cuisine is marked by the origins of the population, French for the Acadians (e.g. scallops severed "coquille St. Jacques"), and British and Irish for the English-speakers (e.g. hodge-podged vegtables). Drink[ edit ][ add listing ] When out at a pub enjoying the scene, the usual Canadian mass-market beers are available, but local specialties may be found as well. In Nova Scotia try an Alexander Keith's India Pale Ale and in New Brunswick reach for Moosehead Lager. In Newfoundland the drink they try to force on tourists in called "screech." This is a high-proof rum from Jamaica that is the province's unoffcial national drink.

The drink goes back the days of the British Empire, when sailing ships full of salted codfish from Newfoundland would sail down to Jamaica and return home with a cargo of rum. Be careful when trying this, it is very strong! Stay safe[ edit ] Since most tourist destinations in the region are rural, crime is less of a threat than getting lost. The weather can turn ugly quickly, so be prepared. Moose (called "elk" in Europe) are the largest member of the deer family, and are a common hazard on the roads. Get out[ edit ] The neighbouring province of Quebec offers an immersion in a unique French-speaking culture, while just to the south there is the charm of the New England region of the United States. Both are accessible by ferry or road. This is a usable article. It gives a good overview of the region, its sights, and how to get in, as well as links to the main destinations, whose articles are similarly well developed. An adventurous person could use this article, but please plunge forward and help it grow !

Newfoundland and Labrador | history - geography - province, Canada | Britannica.com Newfoundland and Labrador Seal of Newfoundland and Labrador Capital Paul Davis (Progressive Conservative Party) Date of admission "Quaerite prime Regnum Dei (Seek ye first the Kingdom of God)" Provincial flower Atlantic (GMT − 4 hours) Newfoundland (GMT − 3.5 hours) Newfoundland and Labrador, province of Canada composed of the island of Newfoundland and a larger mainland sector, Labrador , to the northwest. It is the newest of Canada’s 10 provinces, having joined the confederation only in 1949; its name was officially changed to Newfoundland and Labrador in 2001. The island, which was named the “newfoundelande,” or New Found Land, by late 15th-century explorers, lies athwart the Gulf of St. Lawrence . It is separated from Labrador by the narrow Strait of Belle Isle and from Nova Scotia , to the southwest, by Cabot Strait . The French territory of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon lies off the coast of the Burin Peninsula in southeastern Newfoundland.

Labrador is bordered to the north and east by the Labrador Sea (northwestern arm of the Atlantic Ocean ) and to the south and west by the province of Quebec . Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. A fishing village on Conception Bay, Newfoundland island, Canada. George Hunter Newfoundland and Labrador is the most easterly part of North America , and its position on the Atlantic has given it a strategic importance in defense, transportation, and communications. Its capital city, St. John’s (on Newfoundland), for instance, is closer to the coast of Ireland than it is to Winnipeg , Man. Of perhaps greater significance have been the great fish stocks that inhabited the Grand Banks and other fishing grounds to the east and south of Newfoundland, spurring the development of numerous communities stretched along some 14,400 miles (23,200 km) of deeply indented, wave-battered seacoast. These fisheries have been the single most important factor in shaping the history and character of the land and its people. Area 156,453 square miles (405,212 square km). Pop. (2011) 514,536.

Land Relief, drainage, and soils The province’s two main components—Newfoundland island and Labrador—must be treated as separate physiographic regions. The island, roughly triangular in shape and with an area (excluding associated islands) of 42,031 square miles (108,860 square km), is part of the Appalachian geologic province of North America, in which the landforms run from southwest to northeast and are characterized by continental drift, volcanic action, crustal deformation, ice erosion, and deposition . These forces have produced a highly complex geologic structure, with ancient rocks of Europe and Africa on the east, newer Appalachian rocks on the west, and the bed of the ancient ocean squeezed up between them. On the west coast the land rises abruptly from a narrow coastal plain to the Long Range Mountains , which reach a maximum height of 2,670 feet (814 metres). The mountains give way to a plateau that slopes gently downward to the northeastern coast, with its many headlands, islands, and bays. The plateau is undulating and dotted with thousands of lakes and ponds, numerous streams, and rivers, including the Exploits, Gander, and Humber .

The coastal terrain is hilly and rugged; the coast itself is marked by numerous bays and fjords, and there are many offshore islands. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.

Question: What is the capital of the Canadian province of Newfoundland?
Answer: ST. JOHNS