BBC ON THIS DAY | 25 | 1975: Saudi's King Faisal assassinated About This Site | Text Only 1975: Saudi's King Faisal assassinated King Faisal of Saudi Arabia has died after a gun attack in Riyadh despite the efforts of doctors to save him. The king was rushed to hospital still alive and doctors massaged his heart and gave him a blood transfusion but they were unable to save him. King Faisal was fatally wounded when his nephew Prince Faisal Ibu Musaed allegedly fired three bullets at him with a pistol at point blank range during a royal audience. According to eyewitnesses, Prince Musaed was waiting in the ante-room and talking to a Kuwaiti delegation who were waiting to meet the king. Prince seized King Faisal had bent forward to kiss his nephew but Prince Musaed was reported to have pulled out a pistol and shot him under the chin and then through the ear. One of the king's bodyguards hit the prince with his sword, although it was still sheathed. Oil minister Sheikh Yamani is reported to have shouted to the guard not to kill the prince.

Prince Faisal Ibu Musaed was seized immediately after he attacked his uncle and is being questioned by Saudi police about the assassination. Doctors and psychiatrists have confirmed that they believe he is "mentally unbalanced". Both before and after the assassination Prince Musaed was reported to be calm. Since the killing, Riyadh has closed down completely for three days of mourning. King Khalid, the brother of the assassinated king, has taken his place by agreement of the Saudi royal family. King Faisal assassinated - Mar 25, 1975 - HISTORY.com King Faisal assassinated A+E Networks In Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, King Faisal is shot to death by his nephew, Prince Faisal. King Faisal, son of King Ibn Saud, fought in the military campaigns in the 1920s and ’30s that helped forge modern Saudi Arabia. He later served as Saudi ambassador to the United Nations and in 1953 was made premier upon the ascension of his older brother, Saud. In 1964, King Saud was pressured to abdicate, and Faisal became the absolute ruler of Saudi Arabia.

As king, he sought to modernize his nation, and lent financial and moral support to anti-Israeli efforts in the Middle East. In 1975, Faisal was assassinated for reasons that remain obscure, and his son, Crown Prince Khalid, ascended to the throne. Related Videos Faisal of Saudi Arabia (King) - Pics, Videos, Dating, & News Faisal of Saudi Arabia King of Saudi Arabia Male Faisal bin Abdulaziz Al Saud was King of Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975. As king, he is credited with rescuing the country's finances and implementing a policy of modernization and reform, while his main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamism, anti-Communism, and pro-Palestinian nationalism. He successfully stabilized the kingdom's bureaucracy and his reign had significant popularity among Saudis. In 1975, he was assassinated by his nephew Faisal bin Musaid.… Read More related links Learn about the memorable moments in the evolution of Faisal of Saudi Arabia. CHILDHOOD 1906 Birth Faisal bin Abdulaziz was born in Riyadh on 14 April 1906.

… Read More He is the third son of Saudi Arabia's former king, King Abdulaziz. His mother was Tarfa bint Abdullah bin Abdullatif Al Sheikh, whom Abdulaziz had married in 1902 after capturing Riyadh. She was from the family of the Al ash-Sheikh, descendants of Muhammad bin Abdul-Wahhab. Faisal's maternal grandfather, Abdullah bin Abdullatif, was one of Abdulaziz's principal religious teachers and advisers. Read Less 1912 6 Years Old Faisal's mother died in 1912 when he was quite young, and he was raised by his maternal grandfather, who taught him the Quran and the principles of Islam, an education which left an impact on him for the remainder of his life. … Read More Faisal had only one full sister, Nurah. She was married to her cousin, Khalid bin Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman, son of Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman.<br /><br /> Faisal was raised in an atmosphere in which courage was extremely valued and reinforced, like most of his generation.

He was motivated by his mother to develop the values of tribal leadership.<br /><br /> In 1919, the British government invited King Abdulaziz to visit London. However, he could not go, but sent 14-year-old Prince Faisal, making him the first ever Saudi royal to visit the country. His visit lasted for five months, and he met with the British officials. During the same period, he also visited France, again being the first Saudi royal to pay an official visit there. Read Less TEENAGE 1922 16 Years Old As one of King Abdulaziz's eldest sons, Prince Faisal was delegated numerous responsibilities to consolidate control over Arabia. After the capture of Hail and initial control over Asir in 1922, he was sent to these provinces with nearly six thousand fighters. … Read More He achieved complete control over Asir at the end of the year. Read Less 1925 19 Years Old In 1925, Prince Faisal, in command of an army of Saudi loyalists, won a decisive victory in the Hejaz. … Read More He and Prince Mohammad were given the responsibility for the Ikhwan.

Read Less TWENTIES 1926 20 Years Old Then, Prince Faisal was appointed viceroy of Hejaz in 1926. … Read More He often consulted with local leaders during his tenure. Read Less 1930 24 Years Old In 1930, Prince Faisal became minister of foreign affairs, a position he continued to hold even as King. Show Less Prince Faisal visited Europe several times in this period, Poland in 1932, and Russia in 1933. … Read More Upon the accession of Prince Faisal's elder brother, King Saud, to the throne in 1953, Prince Faisal was appointed Crown Prince. King Saud, however, embarked on a lavish and ill-considered spending program that included the construction of a massive royal residence on the outskirts of the capital, Riyadh. Read Less … The new oil revenue also allowed Faisal to greatly increase the aid and subsidies begun following the 1967 Arab-Israeli War to Egypt, Syria, and the Palestine Liberation Organization.

It is a commonly-held belief in Saudi Arabia, and the wider Arab world that King Faisal's oil boycott was the real cause of his assassination, via a Western conspiracy, his assassin having just returned from the United States (see below). <br /><br />King Faisal married four times. Three of his spouses were from powerful families; Sudairi, Al Jiluwi and Al Thunayan. <br /><br />His first wife, Sultana bint Ahmed Al Sudairi, was the mother of his eldest son Prince Abdullah whom King Faisal fathered when he was just fifteen. From the Sudairi family, she was younger sister of Hassa bint Ahmed who was the mother of the Sudairi brothers. <br /><br />His second, and most prominent, wife was Iffat Al-Thuniyyan. She was born and raised in Turkey and was a descendant of the Al Saud family who were taken to Istanbul or Cairo by Egyptian forces in 1818 (see First Saudi State). They first met in Istanbul around 1932 while he was officially visiting Turkey. Read Less Prince Faisal took Iffat to Jeddah where they wed in 1932.

… Read More Iffat is credited with being the influence behind many of her late husband's reforms, particularly with regards to women. Read Less 1935 29 Years Old His third wife, married in October 1935, was Al Jawhara bint Saud bin Abdulaziz Al Saud Al Kabir, the daughter of his aunt, Nuora bint Abdul Rahman, with whom Faisal had a daughter, Munira. … Read More His fourth wife, who is the mother of Prince Khalid, was Haya bint Turki bin Abdulaziz Al Turki, a member of the Al Jiluwi clan.<br /><br /> Faisal's sons received exceptional education compared to other princes born to Saudi monarchs. Prince Turki received formal education at prestigious schools in New Jersey, and he later attended Georgetown University, while Prince Saud was an alumnus of Princeton University. King Faisal's sons have held, and continue to hold, important positions in the Saudi government. His eldest son Prince Abdullah was born in 1922 and held some governmental positions for a while.

Prince Khalid was the governor of Asir Province in southwestern Saudi Arabia for more than three decades before becoming governor of Makkah Province in 2007. Prince Saud was the Saudi foreign minister between 1975 and 2015. Prince Turki served as head of Saudi Intelligence, ambassador to the United Kingdom, and later ambassador to the United States. Read Less THIRTIES 1945 39 Years Old … Unlike his successor, King Faisal attempted to ensure that the most radical clerics did not hold society's most powerful religious posts. He tried to block extremist clerics from gaining dominion over key religious institutions, such as the Council of Senior Ulema, the kingdom's highest religious body, and from rising to high religious positions such as Grand Mufti, a politically recognized senior expert charged with maintaining the entire system of Islamic law. Still, at least some of the king's advisers warned early on that, once religious zealots were encouraged, they would come back to haunt the kingdom. King Faisal neglected the ulema's opposition to aspects of his accelerated modernization attempts, sometimes even in matters considered by them to be major issues.

<br /><br />Corruption in the royal family was taken very seriously by a religious group which had its basic orientation in the Islamic theological colleges and which challenged some of the accepted theological interpretations adopted by the Saudi regime. One such influential figure was Shaykh bin Baz, then rector of the Al Medina college of theology. King Faisal would not tolerate his criticism and had him removed from his position. But his teachings had already radicalized some of his students. One of them was Juhayman al-Otaybi. <br /><br />Slavery did not vanish in Saudi Arabia until King Faisal issued a decree for its total abolition in 1962. Peter Hobday stated that about 1,682 slaves were freed at that time, at a cost to the government of $2,000 each. Read Less It is argued that the US began to raise the issue of slavery after the meeting between King Abdulaziz and US president Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1945 and that John F. Kennedy finally persuaded the House of Saud to abolish slavery in 1962.

… Read More As king, Faisal continued the close alliance with the United States begun by his father, and relied on the U.S. heavily for arming and training his armed forces. King Faisal was also anti-Communist. He refused any political ties with the Soviet Union and other Communist bloc countries, professing to see a complete incompatibility between Communism and Islam, and associating communism with zionism, which he also criticized sharply. Read Less FORTIES 1952 46 Years Old He also faced pressure from neighboring Egypt, where Gamal Abdel Nasser had overthrown the monarchy in 1952. … Read More Nasser was able to cultivate a group of dissident princes led by Prince Talal who defected to Egypt (see Free Princes).

Read Less FIFTIES 1958 - 1960 2 More Events 1958 52 Years Old Fearing that King Saud's financial policies were bringing the state to the brink of collapse, and that his handling of foreign affairs was inept, senior members of the royal family and the ulema (religious leadership) pressured Saud into appointing Faisal to the position of prime minister in 1958, giving Faisal wide executive powers. … Read More In this new position, Faisal set about cutting spending dramatically in an effort to rescue the state treasury from bankruptcy. This policy of financial prudence was to become a hallmark of his era and earned him a reputation for thriftiness among the populace. Read Less 1960 54 Years Old A power struggle ensued thereafter between King Saud and Crown Prince Faisal, and on 18 December 1960, Prince Faisal resigned as prime minister in protest, arguing that King Saud was frustrating his financial reforms. … Read More King Saud took back his executive powers and, having induced Prince Talal to return from Egypt, appointed him as minister of finance.

In 1962, however, Prince Faisal rallied enough support within the royal family to install himself as prime minister for a second time.<br /><br /> It was during this period as head of the Saudi government that Prince Faisal, though still not king, established his reputation as a reforming and modernizing figure. He introduced education for women and girls despite the consternation of many conservatives in the religious establishment. To appease the objectors, however, he allowed the female educational curriculum to be written and overseen by members of the religious leadership, a policy which lasted long after his death.<br /><br /> In 1963, Prince Faisal established the country's first television station, though actual broadcasts would not begin for another two years. As with many of his other policies, the move aroused strong objections from the religious and conservative sections of the country. Faisal assured them, however, that Islamic principles of modesty would be strictly observed, and made sure that the broadcasts contained a large amount of religious programming. Read Less 1961 55 Years Old Crown Prince Faisal helped establish the Islamic University of Madinah in 1961.

Show Less King Saud refused, however, and made a last-ditch attempt to retake executive powers, leading Prince Faisal to order the National Guard to surround King Saud's palace. His loyalists outnumbered and outgunned, King Saud relented, and on 4 March 1964, Prince Faisal was appointed regent. … Read More A meeting of the elders of the royal family and the ulema was convened later that year, and a second fatwa was decreed by the grand mufti, calling on King Saud to abdicate the throne in favor of his brother. The royal family supported the fatwa and immediately informed King Saud of their decision. Read Less King Saud, by now shorn of all his powers, agreed, and Prince Faisal was proclaimed king on 2 November 1964. … Read More Shortly thereafter, Saud bin Abdulaziz went into exile in Greece. Read Less In an emotional speech shortly after he came to power on 2 November 1964, Faisal said: "I beg of you, brothers, to look upon me as both brother and servant.

'Majesty' is reserved to God alone and 'the throne' is the throne of the Heavens and Earth." … Read More In 1967, King Faisal established the post of second prime minister and appointed Prince Fahd to this post.<br /><br /> Upon his ascension, King Faisal still viewed the restoration of the country's finances as his main priority. He continued to pursue his conservative financial policies during the first few years of his reign, and his aims of balancing the country's budget eventually succeeded, helped by an increase in oil production.<br /><br /> Early in his rule, he issued an edict that all Saudi princes had to school their children inside the country, rather than sending them abroad; this had the effect of making it "fashionable" for upper-class families to bring their sons back to study in the Kingdom. King Faisal also introduced the country's current system of administrative regions, and laid the foundations for a modern welfare system. In 1970, he established the Ministry of Justice and inaugurated the country's first "five-year plan" for economic development.

Read Less Interestingly, the role and authority of the ulema declined after the rise of King Faisal although they helped bring him to the throne in 1964. … Read More Despite his piety and biological relationship through his mother to the Al as Shaykh family, and his support for the pan-Islamic movement in his struggle against pan-Arabism, he decreased the ulema's power and influence. Read Less LATE ADULTHOOD Last king of Saudi Arabia - YouTube Last king of Saudi Arabia Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Feb 23, 2010 On March 25, 1975, King Faisal was shot point blank and killed by his nephew Faisal bin Musa'id, who had just come back from the United States.

The murder occurred at a majlis, (Arabic for "a place for sitting") an event where the King or leader opens up his residence to the citizens to enter and petitions the King. The stated reason was revenge, but the obvious reason was sanctions of oil and gas to the United States and the call to free Jerusalem from the clutches of the Zionists. Category The Strange Assassination of King Faisal The Strange Assassination of King Faisal King Faisal On March 25 1975, King Faisal, authentic defender of the Palestinian cause, was assassinated by his nephew, Faisal ibn Musad, a weak young man just returned from Berkeley, California where, smitten by the charms of a young actress, he had become a drug addict. First, a look back on the life and death of the great sovereign. In 1932, when he was 20 years old, Faisal ben Abdelaziz al-Saoud was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs by his father, Abdelaziz al-Saoud, the founder of the Saudi dynasty. Profoundly anti-communist, he seeks an alliance with the United States.

It is under his influence that his father accepts the invitation of President Roosevelt (back from Yalta) to meet him on the USS Quincy cruiser in February 1945. As a result of this encounter they conclude the Quincy Pact, according to which the US obligates itself to protect the kingdom and the Saudi royal family in exchange for furnishing oil on privileged terms. A tacit clause of this pact is Roosevelt’s promise of not allowing the creation of an independent Jewish state in Palestine. On April 5 Roosevelt confirms in writing to Ibn Saoud his promise to not take, as chief executive leader of the government, “any action, that might be construed as hostile to the Arab peoples.” Roosevelt dies seven days later, on April 12. En 1947, Faisal feels completely betrayed because President Truman, basically for reasons of election convenience and advantage, declares his support for the partition of Palestine.

On the subject of the [UN] voting on the partition, Faysal publicly denounces the maneuvers of subornation and intimidation that permit the General Assembly of the UN to vote twice [to get the desired result], and he declares that for these reasons his government “does not recognize the resolution adopted by it.”[1] Nevertheless, Faisal, who had tried to reassure the Arab delegates, is severely criticized for his “inexplicable naivete,” and more so after Truman recognizes the state of Israel 15 minutes after Israel’s proclamation. In 1964, Faysal is called by the princes to take the royal throne and replace his brother, considered incompetent. Faisal saves the country from economic collapse and guides it towards modernization. In matters of foreign policy his great ambition, which he expresses in the inaugural speech of the World Islamic Conference in April 1965, is to move the Arab world back into the American fold, which Nasser had reluctantly abandoned when he accepted the military aid offer from the Soviet Union (the Americans having attached unacceptable conditions to their military aid package).

As a counterweight to his fidelity to the US, Faysal adopts a firm attitude toward Israel (whose legitimacy he contests), supports the dispossessed Palestinian people, and uses his influence to promote the Palestinian cause to the governing circles in the US. After the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser on September 28, 1970, Faisal becomes the main supporter of Yasser Arafat and of PLO. It is thanks to him that Arafat is received at the UN General Assembly and treated as chief of state. Faisal Received by Nixon at the White House in 1971 Faisal at the White House with Richard and Pat Nixon Nixon was not a pro-Israel president, far from it. But in 1973, Henry Kissinger, at first National Security Advisor, is appointed Secretary of State after a victory against William Rogers who supported the Palestinian cause. Under Nixon’s influence the US supports Israel’s during the Yom Kippur War of October 1973, in which Egypt and Syria had tried to recover their territories illegally occupied by Israel. After the 1973 war, the US military assistance to Israel grows.

In April 1974, King Faisal sends his oil minister, Sheikh Yamani, to Washington to inform Kissinger that he will not increase the oil production if the US does not force Israel to withdraw from the occupied territories. Nixon tries to regain control of his foreign policy and sends the CIA second in command, Gral Vernon Walters, to a secret meeting with the leaders of OPEC, without informing Kissinger. In July 1974, Nixon himself travels to Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Israel and Jordan and expresses his firm position, criticizing Israel for its intransigence. On August 6, 1974, Nixon informs Kissinger that he is about to cut all military and economic aid to Israel if the zionist state refuses to implement the UN resolutions [2]. Shortly thereafter, Nixon resigns as a result of the Watergate scandal. The Watergate affair, commonly presented as a proof of the independence of the American media and their efficacy against anti-democratic forces, is in reality the demonstration of the power of the mass media (Washington Post in particular) as the zionist army behind the political scene. Nixon is replaced by Vice President Gerald Ford.

Known for his pro-Israel position, Ford takes as his first decision the official recognition of Jerusalem as the capital of the Jewish state. This unilateral decision, which flouts the UN resolution, incites the anger of King Faisal. On August 16 1974, Faisal decides to use the oil weapon and provokes the first oil crisis by reducing the volume of oil pumped, in hopes of influencing the pro-Israel policy of the US. Next, he proceeds to withdraw the Saudi gold reserves held in the US banks. Kissinger threatens to use force to stop what he calls “the strangling of the industrialized world.” Military maneuvers are held by the US command in the Gulf and landing simulations are carried out in Oman. An accord is finally negotiated with Faisal’s emissary to Washington, his defense Minister, Sultan. In exchange of a retreat by the US on the status of Jerusalem and a promise to demand that Israel return to the 1948 borders, Faisal accepts 1,000 American military advisors to create the Saudi National Guard, tasked to defend the oil rigs and the royal family.

Through this decision, Faisal places his fate and that of his family in the hands of the US, counting on the good faith of the Americans to follow through on the promise of resetting their ME policy. Kissinger and King Faisal in Riyad, 1975 This reset was never to take place. On Mach 25, 1975, King Faisal is assassinated by his nephew, Faisal ibn Musad. The assassin is condemned to death and promptly decapitated, without having explained his act. His motivation remains a mystery to this day. He was known to have had a placid disposition and to have lived in the US for 10 years and, during bis studentship at the University of Colorado, to have fallen in love with an actress, Christine Surma, who persuaded him to move to Berkeley. There she introduced him to a “leftist” group and turned him into an LSD addict. Before returning to Riyad in March 1975, he had had a brief psychiatric treatment in Beirut.

According to an investigation published by Executive Intelligence Review on December 26, 1978, Faisal ibn Musad may have been the target of a project inspired by Bernard Lewis (future inventor of the « Clash of civilizations ») and orchestrated by a zionist cabal with ties to the Aspen Institute of Colorado and the Council on Foreign Relations, whose purpose was to use Saudi students in the US to destabilize Saudi Arabia [3]. Only a few hours after Faisal’s death, his brother, Khalid bin Abdulaziz Al Saud, is proclaimed king by a group of only five members of the royal family. The new king shows himself to be much better disposed toward Israel. He was not to express during his reign, until 1982, any interest whatsoever in the Palestinian cause, and appeared completely incapable of the smallest significant reaction to the civil war that ravaged Lebanon from 1975. In 1979, he was not in a position to prevent Sadat from signing a separate peace with Israel, an act King Faisal would have tried hard to dissuade Sadat from committing, since it rendered impossible any Arab military coalition against Israel.

The assassination of Faisal resembles that of Robert Kennedy on June 6, 1968, right after the results of the Califoria primary made him a favorite for the Democrat nomination. His assassin, Sirhan Sirhan, was also young man known for his peaceful disposition who, after more than 50 years, still states from his prison cell that he doesn’t remember having killed Robert Kennedy, nor of ever having had the desire to do so – an amnesia confirmed by psychiatric experts. He believes he might have been drugged or hypnotized. The fact that he was a Palestinian and that his act was presented as the expression of his hatred for Israel, making him one of the first “Palestinian terrorists,” is sufficient to throw suspicion on the zionist network interested in preventing Robert Kennedy from reaching the White House and from there reopening the investigation of the assassination of his brother. Notes [1] Alan Hart, Zionism, The Real Ennemies of the Jews, vol. 1 : The False Messiah, Clarity Press, 2009, p. 257. [2] Alan Hart, Zionism, The Real Ennemies of the Jews, vol. 3 : Conflict Without End ?

Clarity Press, 2010, p. 198-203. [3] King Faisal King Faisal December 13th, 2012 / December 12th, 2016 King Faisal In 1964, after his brother had been disposed, Faisal assumed the titles of King and Prime Minister. He introduced a series of measures to control the government finances and new, modern institutions and bureaucracies, without seriously responding to demands for the establishment of a constitutional monarchy. The foundation of a highly centralized Saudi state with limited freedoms and political participation was laid down by him. He introduced a series of domestic reforms ranging from free health care and education to the introduction of television. On the economic front he would take a series of initiatives, culminating in a five year plan in the early 1970s. With the defeat of Egypt in the 1967 June War and the death of Nasser three years later, Saudi Arabia emerged as contested leader of the Arab world. Given its oil resources and religious significance , King Faisal promoted the country as an alternative to the revolutionary Arab regimes of the 1960s by adopting a pan-Islamic agenda.

Power shifted from Cairo, Damascus , and Baghdad to Riyadh. Faisal responded to Arab calls for an oil embargo during the Egyptian-Israeli War in 1973 , which increased his popularity not only in the Arab world but also more broadly among Muslims. Notwithstanding a short-lived tension with the West, he emerged as an important player in regional politics. King Faisal King Faisal and Queen Elisabeth of Great Brittain in London, 1967 / Photo HH King Faisal was assassinated by his nephew, Prince Faisal bin Musaid Al Saud, on 25 March 1975 (aged 68) presumably in revenge for the death of the assassin’s brother, Prince Khalid bin Musaid, in the 1960s at the hands of Saudi security services.

Copyright 2006 - 2017 Fanack | All Rights Reserved CIA Hit List - King Faisal - (Saudi Arabia King) - Wattpad CIA Hit List - King Faisal - (Saudi Arabia King) by DrSoretin Report Story King Faisal bin Abdul-Aziz Al Saud (1906 – March 25, 1975) (Arabic: فيصل بن عبدالعزيز آل سعود‎) ruled Saudi Arabia from 1964 to 1975.

As king, he is credited with rescuing the country's finances and implementing a policy of modernization and reform, while his main foreign policy themes were pan-Islamism, anti-Communism, and pro-Palestinian nationalism.[1][2]He successfully stabilized the kingdom's bureaucracy and his reign had significant popularity among Saudis.[3] In 1975, he was assassinated by his nephew Faisal bin Musaid for unclear reasons Contents [hide] 1 Lineage 2 Early life 3 Crown Prince and Prime Minister 4 Struggle with Saud 5 King of Saudi Arabia 5.1 Foreign relations 6 Assassination 7 Family 8 See also 9 References Lineage Faisal was born in Riyadh. He was the third son of Saudi Arabia's founder, Ibn Saud. Faisal's mother was Tarfa bint Abduallah bin Abdulateef al Sheekh,[4] whom Ibn Saud had married in 1902 after capturing Riyadh. She was a descendant of Muhammad bin Abdul-Wahhab, and her father was one of Ibn Saud's principal religious teachers and advisers.

By the time of his father's death, Faisal was the second oldest surviving son.[3] Early life As one of Abdul-Aziz's eldest sons, Faisal was delegated numerous responsibilities to consolidate control over Arabia. In 1925, Faisal, in command of an army of Saudi loyalists, won a decisive victory in the Hijaz. In return, he was made the governor of Hijaz the following year.[1] After the new Saudi kingdom was formalized in 1932, Faisal became Minister of Foreign Affairs, a position he continued to hold even as King.[5] Faisal also commanded a section of the Saudi forces that took part in the brief Saudi-Yemeni War of 1934,[6] successfully fighting off Yemeni claims over Saudi Arabia's southern provinces.

ARAMCO's development of Saudi oil after World War II quintupled revenue from $10.4 million in 1946 to $56.7 million in 1950.[7 (IN Todays money thats a couple of billions) As King Abdul-Aziz's health declined and his leadership became lax, Faisal comprehended the necessity for better management of the economy.[7] In the summer of 1951, Abdul-Aziz enlarged the government bureaucracy to include many more members of the extended royal family.[7] Faisal's son Abdullah was appointed Minister of Health and Interior.[7] Crown Prince and Prime Minister Upon the accession of Faisal's elder brother, Saud, to the throne in 1953, Faisal was appointed Crown Prince. Saud, however, embarked on a lavish and ill-considered spending program[1] that included the construction of a massive royal residence on the outskirts of the capital, Riyadh. He also faced pressure from neighboring Egypt, where Gamal Abdel Nasser had overthrown the monarchy in 1952. Nasser was able to cultivate a group of dissident princes led by Prince Talal who defected to Egypt (see Free Princes).

Fearing that Saud's financial policies were bringing the state to the brink of collapse, and that his handling of foreign affairs was inept, senior members of the royal family and the religious leadership (the "ulema") pressured Saud into appointing Faisal to the position of prime minister in 1958, giving Faisal wide executive powers.[8] In this new position, Faisal set about cutting spending dramatically in an effort to rescue the state treasury from bankruptcy. This policy of financial prudence was to become a hallmark of his era and earned him a reputation for thriftiness among the populace. A power struggle ensued thereafter between Saud and Faisal, and on December 18, 1960, Faisal resigned as prime minister in protest, arguing that Saud was frustrating his financial reforms.

Saud took back his executive powers and, having induced Talal to return from Egypt, appointed Talal as minister of finance.[9] In 1962, however, Faisal rallied enough support within the royal family to install himself as prime minister for a second time.[8] You'll also like The Kings nephew another Prince Faisal whose brother had - ADMJ - 1245 View Full Document The King’s nephew, (another Prince Faisal) whose brother had been killed by the police, went and took revenge When the minister bowed and said hello to the king, the prince took out a pistol and shot the king over the shoulder King Faisal was assassinated, this was a shock, especially since he was killed by his own family member Boom In 1975, King Khalid was the new king This preview has intentionally blurred sections. Sign up to view the full version.

View Full Document Everyone was converging in Saudi Arabia, everyone wanted a peace The economy was really flourishing Binladen family becomes big too Real estate fraud was big too at this time Saudi elite became big spenders at casinos in Europe Saudi leaders lost credibility and respect because they were such a corrupt family Another Muslim family, the Sha family, was overthrown, and the Saudi family was worried that this would happen to them They decided to put the brakes on Westernization to save face The country was full of Muslim fundamentalists On November 20, 1979 Islamic radicals took over the Mosque at Mecca (this was a big deal) Jihad When the incident at the mosque occurred, people realized that the fundamentalists were a big deal Society was awakened and came back to God, people feared a bigger catastrophe The fundamentalists wanted to go back to a purer time where Islam wasn’t threatened by the West They asked people to go back to their Islamic roots The government initiated bold military force to retake over the mosque After and 18-day standoff, the Saudis took back the mosque This is the end of the preview. Sign up to access the rest of the document.

TERM Saudi Arabia: History Saudi Arabia History Origins of Saudi Arabia As a political unit, Saudi Arabia is of relatively recent creation. Its origins lay with the puritanical Wahhabi movement (18th cent.), which gained the allegiance of the powerful Saud family of the Nejd, in central Arabia. Supported by a large Bedouin following, the Sauds brought most of the peninsula under their control, except for Yemen and the Hadhramaut in the extreme south. The Wahhabi movement was crushed (1811–18) by an Egyptian expedition under the sons of Muhammad Ali . After reviving in the mid-19th cent., the Wahhabis were defeated in 1891 by the Rashid dynasty, which gained effective control of central Arabia. It was Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud, known as Ibn Saud , a descendant of the first Wahhabi rulers, who laid the basis of the present Saudi Arabian state. Beginning the Wahhabi reconquest at the turn of the century, Ibn Saud took Riyadh in 1902 and was master of the Nejd by 1906.

On the eve of World War I he conquered the Al-Hasa region from the Ottoman Turks and soon extended his control over other areas. He was then ready for the conquest of the Hejaz, ruled since 1916 by Husayn ibn Ali of Mecca. The Hejaz fell to Saud in 1924–25 and in 1932 was combined with the Nejd to form the kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an absolute monarchy, ruled under Islamic law. In much of the country, King Ibn Saud compelled the Bedouins to abandon traditional ways and encouraged their settlement as farmers. Development of the Modern State Oil was discovered in 1936 by the U.S.-owned Arabian Standard Oil Company, which later became the Arabian American Oil Company (Aramco). Commercial production began in 1938. Saudi Arabia is a charter member of the United Nations. It joined the Arab League in 1945, but it played only a minor role in the Arab wars with Israel in 1948, 1967, and 1973.

An agreement with the United States in 1951 provided for an American air base at Dhahran, which was maintained until 1962. Ibn Saud died in 1953 and was succeeded by his eldest son, Saud , who soon came to rely on his brother, Crown Prince Faisal ( Faisal ibn Abd al-Aziz ibn Saud ), to administer financial and foreign affairs. King Saud at first supported the Nasser regime in Egypt, but in 1956, in opposition to Nasser, he entered into close relations with the Hashemite rulers of Jordan and Iraq, until then the traditional enemies of the Saudis. He opposed the union in 1958 of Egypt and Syria as the United Arab Republic and became a bitter foe of Nasser's pan-Arabism and reform program. When, in Sept., 1962, pro-Nasser revolutionaries in neighboring Yemen deposed the new imam and declared a republic, King Saud, together with King Hussein of Jordan, dispatched aid to the royalist troops. The Saudi family deposed Saud, and Prince Faisal became king in Nov., 1964.

Relations with Egypt were severed in 1962, but after the defeat of Egypt by Israel in June, 1967, an agreement was concluded between King Faisal and President Nasser. According to the agreement, the Egyptian army was to withdraw from Yemen and Saudi Arabia was to cease aiding the Yemeni royalists. By 1970, Saudi Arabia had withdrawn all its troops, and relations with Yemen were resumed. Saudi Arabia also agreed to give $140 million a year to Egypt and Jordan, which had been devastated in the 1967 war with Israel. In view of Britain's withdrawal from the Persian Gulf area, King Faisal pursued a policy of friendship with Iran, while encouraging the Arab sheikhdoms that had been under British rule to form the United Arab Emirates . King Faisal, however, maintained claims to the Buraimi oases, which were also claimed by the Sheikh of Abu Dhabi. In 1972 the government of Saudi Arabia demanded tighter rein on its oil industry as well as participation in the oil concessions of foreign companies.

Aramco (a conglomerate of several American oil companies) and the government reached an agreement in June, 1974, whereby the Saudis would take a 60% majority ownership of the company's concessions and assets. The concept of participation was developed by the Saudi Arabian government as an alternative to nationalization. King Faisal played an active role in organizing the Arab oil embargo of 1973, directed against the United States and other nations that supported Israel; as U.S. oil prices soared, Saudi revenues increased. Relations with the United States improved with the signing (1974) of cease-fire agreements between Israel and Egypt and Israel and Syria (both mediated by U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger ) and by the visit (June, 1974) of President Richard M. Nixon to Jidda. Contemporary Saudi Arabia As a result of Saudi Arabia's increased wealth, its quest for stability, and its improved relations with Western nations, the country began an extensive military build-up in the 1970s. On Mar. 25, 1975, King Faisal was assassinated by his nephew Prince Faisal.

Crown Prince Khalid ( Khalid ibn Abd al-Aziz al-Saud ) then became the new king, stressing Islamic orthodoxy and conservatism while expanding the country's economy, its social programs, and its educational structures. Saudi Arabia denounced the 1979 agreement between Israel and Egypt and terminated diplomatic relations with Egypt (since renewed). Saudi leaders opposed both the leftist and radical movements that were growing throughout the Arab world, and in the 1970s sent troops to help quell leftist revolutions in Yemen and Oman. Saudi religious interests were threatened by the fall of Iran's shah in 1979 and by the growth of Islamic fundamentalism. In Nov., 1979, Muslim fundamentalists calling for the overthrow of the Saudi government occupied the Great Mosque in Mecca. After two weeks of fighting the siege ended, leaving a total of 27 Saudi soldiers and over 100 rebels dead. Sixty-three more rebels were later publicly beheaded. In 1980, Shiite Muslims led a series of riots that were put down by the government, which promised to reform the distribution of Saudi wealth. Saudi Arabia supported Iraq in the Iran-Iraq War throughout the 1980s.

In May, 1981, it joined Persian Gulf nations in the formation of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) to promote economic cooperation between the participating countries. Khalid died in June, 1982, and was succeeded by his half-brother, Prince Fahd ibn Abdul Aziz . By the early 1980s, Saudi Arabia had gained full ownership of Aramco. Saudi support of Iraq in the Iran-Iraq War became increasingly problematic in the mid-1980s as Iran's threats, especially regarding oil interests, nearly led to Saudi entanglement in the war. Iranian pilgrims rioted in Mecca during the hajj in 1987, causing clashes with Saudi security troops. More than 400 people were killed. This incident, along with Iranian naval attacks on Saudi ships in the Persian Gulf, caused Saudi Arabia to break diplomatic relations with Iran. When Iraq invaded Kuwait in Aug., 1990, King Fahd agreed to the stationing of U.S. and international coalition troops on Saudi soil. Thousands of Saudi troops participated in the Persian Gulf War (1991) against Iraq.

The country took in Kuwait's royal family and more than 400,000 Kuwaiti refugees. Though little ground fighting occurred in Saudi Arabia, the cities of Riyadh, Dhahran, and outlying areas were bombed by Iraqi missiles. Coalition troops largely left Saudi Arabia in late 1991; several thousand U.S. troops remained. In 1995 and 1996 terrorist bombings in Riyadh and Dharan killed several American servicemen. Following the Gulf War, King Fahd returned to a conservative Arab stance, wary of greater Western cooperation. Reforms instituted in the wake of the Gulf War included the creation of a Shura (advisory council), with rights to review but not overrule government acts, promulgation of a bill of rights, and a revision in the procedures for choosing the king. However, these measures left the royal family's power basically undiminished. In 1995 the king created a Supreme Council of Islamic Affairs, composed of royal family members and other appointees, in an apparent effort to establish a counterweight to the Ulemas Council, an advisory body of highly conservative Muslim theologians.

In the late 1990s, Crown Prince Abdullah, the king's half-brother and heir to the throne since 1982, effectively became the country's ruler because of King Fahd's poor health. Under the crown prince, the country has been more openly frustrated with and critical of U.S. support for Israel. A treaty with Yemen that ended border disputes dating to the 1930s was signed in 2000, and early the next year both nations withdrew their troops from the border area in compliance with the pact. The Saudi government restricted the use of American bases in the country during the U.S.-led invasions of Afghanistan (2001) and Iraq (2003), and by Sept., 2003, all U.S. combat forces were withdrawn from the country. Also in 2003, the king issued a decree giving the Shura the authority to propose new laws without first seeking his permission. The move was perhaps prompted in part by rare protests in favor of government reform; the kingdom also was shaken by violent incidents, including a massive car bomb attack against a residential compound in Riyadh, involving Islamic militants.

Such terror attacks continued into 2005. The country held elections for municipal councils in Feb.—Apr., 2005, permitting voters (men only) to choose half the council members; the rest of the members were still appointed. King Fahd died in Aug., 2005, and was succeeded by Abdullah. In Nov., 2009, fighting in N Yemen spilled over into Saudi Arabia when Yemeni Shiite rebels crossed the border. Saudi forces fought the rebels and sought to drive them back into Yemen and away from the border; the conflict ended by Feb., 2010, with the rebels withdrawn into Yemen (and a truce established there). In early 2011 Saudi Arabia experienced relatively small-scale antigovernment protests compared to other Arab nations, and those were at times harshly suppressed; many demonstrations involved Shiites. Protests and confrontations continued to a limited degree into 2012. Saudi forces also helped suppress antigovernment demonstrations in neighboring Bahrain. At the same time, the government lavished funds on government employee bonuses, low-income housing, and religious organizations.

Later in the year, the king announced that women, who have had limited civil rights in the country, would be allowed to participate in municipal elections after 2011 and would serve on the Consultative Council; in 2012 women were appointed to a fifth of the Council seats. Sections in this article: Saudi prince faces execution for murder — RT News Tags Scandal , Politics , Law , Saudi Arabia , Violence “Sharia [Islamic law] must be enforced on all without any exception because there is no differentiation between the strong and the weak in Islam,” Deputy Premier and Defense Minister of Saudi Arabia, Crown Prince Salman bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud, said as he demanded the anonymous prince’s execution. He underscored the importance of the law in a letter labeled ‘very urgent’ - a copy of which was publicly published in the English-language, Arab News. The name of the prince has not been disclosed. He recalled that, according to Islamic law, a convicted person may avoid the penalty if the relatives of his victims agreed to accept the ‘diya’ - a ransom paid for the death of their relative.

“No one has the right to intervene in the judiciary system…this is the regulation in our country…in case the relatives of the victim refuse mediation and insist on the enforcement of Sharia, you are asked to implement the sentence against the killer,” he added, as quoted by the Arabic language daily Ajel. “Justice must be served. ” The victim’s father previously stated that he was not ready to pardon his son’s murder and the amount of blood money offered was not enough to recompense the loss of a son. There was no name provided for the victim of the murder or his father – while both were mentioned in the prince’s letter, they had apparently been censored by the newspaper. Saudi Arabia has come under a great deal of criticism for its strict system of Sharia law, which has resulted in a high number of executions. Some 47 people were executed in the Gulf State from the beginning of 2013 to May, according to Amnesty International, in comparison to 82 executions in 2011 and around 80 in 2012. Members of the ruling family are very rarely executed.

However, the nephew of Saudi King Faisal, Faisal bin Musaid al Saud, rose to prominence in 1975 after he assassinated King Faisal. A Saudi Prince was also sentenced to life in jail in Britain in March. Saud bin Abdulaziz bin Nasir is the grandson of Saudi Arabia's King Abdullah. He was jailed in 2010 for subjecting a male servant to a ‘sadistic’ campaign of violence and sexual abuse before murdering him. He was flown back to Saudi Arabia in March to serve out the remainder of his sentence.

Question: Assassinated by his nephew in 1975, of which country was Faisal the king?
Answer: SAUDI ARABIA