Four Seasons ~ Vivaldi - YouTube Four Seasons ~ Vivaldi Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Jan 30, 2011 Antonio Vivaldi - Four Seasons Listen to Violin Concerto, "Spring" from "The Four Seasons" by Antonio Vivaldi - Listening Library - The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra Portrait by François Morellon la Cave Antonio Vivaldi’s The Four Seasons makes a strong case as the Western canon’s most universally familiar music. Such widespread popularity is a double-edged sword: The Four Seasons’s ubiquity in popular culture has too often presented as harmless background music a fiendishly inventive work by a composer of terrific originality. The concertos that make up The Four Seasons (Le quattro stagioni) appeared as the first four of twelve violin concertos published as Il cimento dell’armonia e dell’inventione (The Contest between Harmony and Invention), op. 8.

Vivaldi composed them to accompany a set of four sonnets—“La primavera,” “L’estate,” “L’autunno,” and “L’inverno”—whose authorship is uncertain but generally attributed to Vivaldi himself. The sonnets’ tripartite structures align with the three movements of each concerto, which in turn provide vivid musical depictions of the corresponding text. The Four Seasons evinces Vivaldi’s importance to the development of the Baroque concerto. His contributions to the genre, which total more than five hundred, defined the concerto form as a dialog between soloist and ensemble and established certain formal characteristics as standards in concerto writing. (They also established the concerto as a vehicle for instrumental virtuosity—fittingly so, given Vivaldi’s stature as one of the finest violinists of his generation; more than two hundred of Vivaldi’s concertos are for violin.) Vivaldi’s concertos served as significant models for no less than Johann Sebastian Bach’s Brandenburg Concertos, among other major works of the Baroque period.

But of equal importance to the formal innovations manifested in works like The Four Seasons are the breadth of their dramatic character and the extent of Vivaldi’s vision in imagining the expressive potential of the concerto form. The Four Seasons concertos are remarkable for their illustration of their subject matter, whether in depicting hunting horns and guns in Autumn or in the chilling texture of Winter, mimetic of the “cold in the icy snow/In the harsh breath of a horrid wind.” Patrick Castillo ©2012 Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons - YouTube Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Published on Apr 23, 2012 Antonio Vivaldi The Four Seasons Full HD (Italian: Le quattro stagioni) is a set of four violin concertos by Antonio Vivaldi Full Concert. Composed in 1723, The Four Seasons is Vivaldi's best-known work, and is among the most popular pieces of Baroque music.

The texture of each concerto is varied, each resembling its respective season. For example, "Winter" is peppered with silvery pizzicato notes from the high strings, calling to mind icy rain, whereas "Summer" evokes a thunderstorm in its final movement, which is why the movement is often dubbed "Storm." The concertos were first published in 1725 as part of a set of twelve concerti, Vivaldi's Op. 8, entitled Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione (The Contest between Harmony and Invention). The first four concertos were designated Le quattro stagioni, each being named after a season. Each one is in three movements, with a slow movement between two faster ones. At the time of writing The Four Seasons, the modern solo form of the concerto had not yet been defined (typically a solo instrument and accompanying orchestra). Vivaldi's original arrangement for solo violin with string quartet and basso continuo helped to define the form. Die Vier Jahreszeite, Les Quatre Saisons compléter completare all movements English Chamber Orchestra Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N.

1 RV 269-1 - Allegro - Spring Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 1 RV 269-2 - Largo - Spring Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 1 RV 269-3 - Allegro - Spring Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 2 RV 315-1 - Allegro Non Molto - Allegro - Summer Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 2 RV 315-2 - Adagio - Summer Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 2 RV 315-3 - Presto - Summer Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 3 RV 293-1 - Allegro - Autumn Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 3 RV 293-2 - Molto Adagio - Autumn Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N.

3 RV 293-3 - Allegro - Autumn Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 4 RV 297-1 - Allegro Non Molto - Winter Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 4 RV 297-2 - Largo - Winter Antonio Vivaldi - The Four Seasons, Op 8, N. 4 RV 297-3 - Allegro - Winter Le quattro stagioni The Four Seasons (Vivaldi) Die Vier Jahreszeiten Las Cuatro Estaciones Classical Music compléter ganze Konzert von Vivaldi Full Concert Complete Music all movements greatest hits Category The Top Ten Greatest Violin Concertos - The Imaginative Conservative The Top Ten Greatest Violin Concertos Stephen M. Klugewicz 26 32361 The violin concerto as a form of music has endured for some 300 years and remains, alongside the piano concerto, the most popular type of concerto played in modern concert halls and committed to recording.

The genre was first developed during the Baroque era, when the concerto was conceived as a tripartite structure, running about fifteen minutes in length. Two of the masters of that era–Johann Sebastian Bach and Antonio Vivaldi–gave us supreme examples of this form; the former’s solo concertos, BWV 1041 and 1042, and double concerto, BWV 1043, boast more than 150 available recordings each, and the latter’s Four Seasons, a series of four concertos, ranks as one of the most popular classical pieces of all time. The masters of the classical period, Franz Josef Haydn and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, also composed in the form, the genre remaining throughout the Classical Period a pleasing diversion for concertgoers and party-goers, with concertos running about twenty to twenty-five minutes in length and being somewhat lighthearted in character. It was Beethoven who transformed the violin concerto in the first years of the nineteenth century, as he did the symphony, into a grand orchestral work, a profound and elongated statement that plumbed emotional depths left untouched by his predecessors.

Such is the monumental nature of Beethoven’s single composition in the genre that it stands alone among his oeuvre; he seemed to think that it could not be rivaled by another attempt. Beethoven’s example was followed by the composers of the Romantic Period, who saw the violin concerto as conducive not only to pyrotechnic displays of skill by the soloist but also as ripe for the expression of personal testimonies of great emotion. The concerto now stretched to some forty minutes or more. The likes of Johannes Brahms, Pyotr Tchaikovsky, Felix Mendelssohn, Antonin Dvorak, and Jean Sibelius each completed one piece in the genre (an early, simple concerto for violin and strings by Mendelssohn excluded), and their compositions today are known simply as “The Brahms,” “The Tchaikovsky,” etc. The violin concerto continued to flourish into the twentieth century, with the Americans Erich Wolfgang Korngold and Samuel Barber providing two of its greatest post-Romantic incarnations, though returning its length to that of the Classical Period.

Though it has been three-quarters of a century since the last great violin concerto was composed, the genre can survive for time immemorial because of the great incarnations of the form listed below. Here is the author’s somewhat subjective listing of the ten greatest violin concertos ever composed, in order of greatness from ten to one. 10. Wolfgang Mozart: Violin Concerto No. 3 in G Major, K. 216 (composed in 1775) Like his four horn concertos, Mozart’s five violin concertos possess such a similarity of temperament and form that no single one stands out as entirely distinctive and greater than the rest. The present author, however, would tab the third as the best of the lot. 9. Samuel Barber: Violin Concerto, op. 14 (composed in 1939) A melting main theme in the first movement, a pensive slow movement, and dancing pyrotechnics in the finale. The Pennsylvanian-born Barber follows the Romantic formula for the violin concerto and creates a work of remarkable loveliness. 8. Johannes Brahms: Violin Concerto in D Major, Op.

77 (composed in 1878) Much of Brahms’ work is derivative of his idol Beethoven—and that includes the Violin Concerto, his greatest work. Though he clearly uses Beethoven as his model in terms of the character and length of the three movements, he comes up with his own tunes this time (as he did not, say, in his First Symphony) and actually plumbs the depths of the soul in the first movement instead—as was his wont elsewhere—of trying to sound like he is plumbing them. 7. Erich Wolfgang Korngold: Violin Concerto, Op. 35 (composed in 1945) Score another one for the Americans! A Jewish refugee from Austria, Korngold made America his home and made his fame in Hollywood as a film composer, yet he also produced “serious” classical works in traditional forms. None of these is greater than his Violin Concerto, perhaps the most underrated example in this genre ever composed. 6. Antonin Dvorak: Violin Concerto in A Minor, Op.

53 (composed in 1879) Famed for his New World Symphony, Dvorak’s Violin Concerto is strangely neglected in the concert hall and on record. It launches boldly, reaches a meditative middle, concludes with a dance-like finale, and is filled with first-rate melodies, as are all of this composer’s best works. 5. Max Bruch: Concerto No. 1 in G Minor, Op. 26 (composed in 1866) Bruch officially wrote three violin concertos, but this one is clearly his greatest achievement in the genre. Opening mysteriously, the first movement alternates between song and storm; the concerto reaches its true climax in the heart-achingly beautiful middle movement, sometimes described as an aria for violin. 4. Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky: Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 35 (composed in 1878) The Tchaikovsky concerto divides critics, some of whom see it as clichéd and derivative. Others, like the present author, view it as a masterpiece, characteristic of the composer in its orchestral command and use of melody.

Indeed, Tchaikovsky has no superior when it comes to melody, and he gives us one of his most beguiling in the first movement here. 3. Felix Mendelssohn: Violin Concerto in E Minor, Op. 64 (composed in 1845) One of the best-known violin concertos ever written, Mendelssohn unusually has the soloist enter almost immediately, as we are launched into an amazing first movement that combines pyrotechnics with deep pathos and mystery. There is a gorgeous slow movement and then a rip-roaring finale. Mendelssohn is often accused of being “light,” but his violin concerto possesses a depth and mystery that should make critics reevaluate their opinion of this composer. 2. Jean Sibelius: Violin Concerto in D Minor, Op. 47 (composed in 1904) Jean Sibelius is perhaps the most underrated of the great composers. A Finn who was known for his musical conservatism in drawing on the central European tradition of Bach, Mozart, and Beethoven, his Violin Concerto is a towering masterpiece, its opening transporting us to an otherworldly realm of haunting memory and unnamed drama.

The tension is sustained throughout the three joined movements of this astounding composition, where fire always lurks just beneath the icy, Nordic surface. 1. Ludwig van Beethoven: Violin Concerto in D Major, Op. 61 (composed in 1806) From the opening timpani strokes of its brooding and titanic first movement, to its hushed and poignant slow movement, to its celebratory finale, Beethoven’s Violin Concerto remains unequalled. It is that first movement alone that would mark it as the greatest example of its kind. When playing the Violin Concerto, some soloists use cadenzas—the solo parts of a concerto traditionally improvised by the player—based on those that Beethoven himself wrote for the piano version of his piece. In the already-massive first movement, Beethoven’s long cadenza adds both a severity and jauntiness to the generally contemplative atmosphere. Readers/listeners may hear the three Beethoven cadenzas played in the video below. Books on the topic of this essay may be found in The Imaginative Conservative Bookstore .

Share this: VIVALDI: "Four Seasons" Sonnets texts in Italian & English "Giunt' � la Primavera e festosetti La Salutan gl' Augei con lieto canto, E i fonti allo Spirar de' Zeffiretti Con dolce mormorio Scorrono intanto: Vengon' coprendo l' aer di nero amanto E Lampi, e tuoni ad annuntiarla eletti Indi tacendo questi, gl' Augelletti; Tornan' di nuovo al lor canoro incanto:" Largo "E quindi sul fiorito ameno prato Al caro mormorio di fronde e piante Dorme 'l Caprar col fido can' � lato." Allegro "Di pastoral Zampogna al suon festante Danzan Ninfe e Pastor nel tetto amato Di primavera all' apparir brillante." Spring � Concerto in E Major Allegro The birds celebrate her return with festive song, and murmuring streams are softly caressed by the breezes.

Thunderstorms, those heralds of Spring, roar, casting their dark mantle over heaven, Then they die away to silence, and the birds take up their charming songs once more. Largo On the flower-strewn meadow, with leafy branches rustling overhead, the goat-herd sleeps, his faithful dog beside him. Allegro Led by the festive sound of rustic bagpipes, nymphs and shepherds lightly dance beneath the brilliant canopy of spring. "Sotto dura Staggion dal Sole accesa Langue l' huom, langue 'l gregge, ed arde il Pino; Scioglie il Cucco la Voce, e tosto intesa Canta la Tortorella e 'l gardelino.

Zeffiro dolce Spira, m� contesa Muove Borea improviso al Suo vicino; E piange il Pastorel, perche sospesa Teme fiera borasca, e 'l suo destino;" Adagio e piano - Presto e forte "Toglie alle membra lasse il Suo riposo Il timore de' Lampi, e tuoni fieri E de mosche, e mossoni il Stuol furioso!" Presto "Ah che pur troppo i Suo timor Son veri Tuona e fulmina il Ciel e grandioso Tronca il capo alle Spiche e a' grani alteri." Summer � Concerto in g-minor Allegro non molto Beneath the blazing sun's relentless heat men and flocks are sweltering, pines are scorched. We hear the cuckoo's voice; then sweet songs of the turtle dove and finch are heard. Soft breezes stir the air�.but threatening north wind sweeps them suddenly aside. The shepherd trembles, fearful of violent storm and what may lie ahead.

Adagio e piano - Presto e forte His limbs are now awakened from their repose by fear of lightning's flash and thunder's roar, as gnats and flies buzz furiously around. Presto Alas, his worst fears were justified, as the heavens roar and great hailstones beat down upon the proudly standing corn.

Autumn � Concerto in F Major Allegro "Celebra il Vilanel con balli e Canti Del felice raccolto il bel piacere E del liquor de Bacco accesi tanti Finiscono col Sonno il lor godere" Adagio molto "F� ch' ogn' uno tralasci e balli e canti L' aria che temperata d� piacere, E la Staggion ch' invita tanti e tanti D' un dolcissimo Sonno al bel godere." Allegro "I cacciator alla nov' alba � caccia Con corni, Schioppi, e canni escono fuore Fugge la belua, e Seguono la traccia; Gi� Sbigottita, e lassa al gran rumore De' Schioppi e canni, ferita minaccia Languida di fuggir, m� oppressa muore." Autumn � Concerto in F Major Allegro The peasant celebrates with song and dance the harvest safely gathered in. The cup of Bacchus flows freely, and many find their relief in deep slumber.

Adagio molto The singing and the dancing die away as cooling breezes fan the pleasant air, inviting all to sleep "Aggiacciato tremar tr� neri algenti Al Severo Spirar d' orrido Vento, Correr battendo i piedi ogni momento; E pel Soverchio gel batter i denti;" Largo "Passar al foco i di quieti e contenti Mentre la pioggia fuor bagna ben cento" Allegro "Caminar Sopra 'l giaccio, e � passo lento Per timor di cader gersene intenti; Gir forte Sdruzziolar, cader � terra Di nuove ir Sopra 'l giaccio e correr forte Sin ch' il giaccio si rompe, e si disserra; Sentir uscir dalle ferrate porte Sirocco Borea, e tutti i Venti in guerra Quest' � 'l verno, m� tal, che gioja apporte." Winter � Concerto in f-minor Allegro non molto Shivering, frozen mid the frosty snow in biting, stinging winds; running to and fro to stamp one's icy feet, teeth

 chattering in the bitter chill.

Largo To rest contentedly beside the hearth, while those outside are drenched by pouring rain. Allegro We tread the icy path slowly and cautiously, for fear of tripping and falling. Then turn abruptly, slip, crash on the ground and, rising, hasten on across the ice lest it cracks up. We feel the chill north winds coarse through the home despite the locked and bolted doors� this is winter, which nonetheless brings its own delights. BMC 19 Leader, and solo violin, Francesco Calvi Caterina Montanari, harpsichord continuo GLORIA in D, RV 589 Mimi Coertse & Ina Dressel, sopranos / Sonja Draxler, alto Vienna Academy Chorus & State Opera Orchestra Conductor Hermann Scherchen This lyrical performance by the Modena Chamber Orchestra under Maestro Calvi reflects every detail of the original sonnets.... the birds of spring, a summer storm, the peasants' revelries when the autumn harvest is completed, the chattering teeth as the winter wind blows. English text of the sonnets is enclosed with the CD. 'Four Seasons' recordings are usually accompanied on a CD by some similar string concertos.

The Baroque Music Club CD however has taken the opportunity to offer something different and a complete contrast in sound, with Vivaldi's magnificent Gloria in a wonderful performance full of sensitivity and detailing. Here on one CD is something familiar, something perhaps a little less known. The Gloria will certainly prove a revelation to those unfamiliar with it. Total Time: 74:51. Famous Violin Music | Violin Composers - Violin Wizard: All about violin and violin music Violin Gifts Famous violin music and violin composers Violin sheet music is of utmost importance to violin music as with all instruments in western classical music. Below are listed some of the famous violin music, which includes the 4 famous violin concertos, famous violin composers and their compositions with links to violin sheet music and virtual sheet music. Four Seasons by Antonio Vivaldi (4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) A very famous and prolific violin composer who wrote nearly 500 concertos and 70 sonatas, his most famous violin concertos are the Four Seasons(1725). Each of the four violin concertos for strings and solo violin in The Four Seasons musically represents a different season of the year.

Four seasons are marked by vigorous rhythms and strong contrasts. Click here for Four seasons violin sheet music. Click on each to buy violin sheet music for each season. Autumn Winter Summer Spring Click here for Four seasons' downloadable virtual sheet music. The standard three-movement format, in which a slow movement appears between two fast outer movements is attributed to Vivaldi. He was among the first to introduce cadenzas—passages of extraordinary technical virtuosity—for soloists. Vivaldi is considered one of the composers who brought Baroque music to evolve into a classical style. The great Baroque era composer Johann Sebastian Bach was deeply influenced by Vivaldi's concertos and arias. Bach transcribed a number of Vivaldi's concertos for solo keyboard. Vivaldi was almost forgotten after his death, his works were rediscovered toward the end of the 19th century through Bach’s transcriptions.Vivaldi’s popularity grew steadily during the late 20th century. 24 Caprices and Concertos by Nicolo paganini (1782-1840) Nicolo paganini who is considered by many as the greatest violinist who ever lived was born in Genova, Italy.

He started his violin lesson at the age of seven and made his first public performance by twelve. At the age of twenty three he became director of music to Napoleon's sister Elisa Baciocchi, Princess of Lucca. Paganini's violin was a Guarnieri's violin called "The Cannone." This was named by paganini himself because of the cannon like sound produced by the violin. His compositions included 24 caprices for unaccompanied violin. These are among the most difficult works written for violin. Paganini employed many tricks and techniques while playing like plucking the string with left hand (left-hand pizzicato), bouncing the bow on the strings and extensive use of harmonics. Paganini was also a virtuoso guitarist. Click here for sheet music of paganini caprices. Concerto No:1 , Concerto No:2 Click here for Paganini Virtual sheet Music. Violin Concerto in D major by Ludwig Van Beethoven (17 December 1770- 26 March 1827) Beethoven was the most important composer of the romantic era and is considered by many as the most important composer in western classical music.

His Violin Concerto in D major is one among the "4 great violin concertos." Beethoven's violin concerto was written in 1806. His concerto was little performed in the following decades and was revived in the 1840s, well after Beethoven's death, with performances led by Felix Mendelssohn. Ever since it has been one of the most important works of the violin concerto repertoire, and it is frequently performed and recorded today. No violin cadenzas were written by Beethoven even though he wrote one piano version. Joseph Joachim, Fritz Kreisler and many other celebrated violinists wrote violin cadenzas. The cadenzas by Fritz Kreisler are most often used. Beethoven was a very important transitional figure between the Classical and Romantic eras of musical history. It was Beethoven, who transformed symphony from the rigidly structured four-ordered-movements form to a fairly open ended form that can contain as many movements as necessary. Click here for sheet music of Beethoven's violin concerto, here for "cadenzas for Beethoven's violin concerto" by Joseph Joachim. Click here for Virtual sheet Music of Beethoven.

Concerto for violin in D major by Johannes Brahms (May 7, 1833 – April 3, 1897) Brahms’ concerto for violin in D major came out in 1878 and is considered as one among the "4 great violin concertos." The work was dedicated to his friend Joseph Joachim who was the leading violinist of that period. As requested by Brahms, Joachim wrote the cadenza (solo part). Joachim’s cadenzas for the work are the most frequently used even though other famous violinists like Leopold Auer, Fritz Kreisler, and George Enescu have provided their own. The solo part demanded extreme technical ability. Henryk Wieniawski called the work "unplayable." Violin virtuoso Pablo de Sarasate refused to play it because he felt the oboe played the only melody in the piece. Initially only joseph Joachim and a few others had only attempted to play it, but later more and more violinists began playing it and by 1900, it had become one of the most frequently played of all violin concerti.

J.Brahms: Concerto in D major for virtual sheet music. "Johannes Brahms: Major Works For Orchestra " is a collection of all his major works for orchestra on a CDrom. This can be viewed in a computer and is printable. This includes his Violin Concerto in D Major. Violin Concerto in E minor by Felix Mendelssohn (February 3, 1809 – November 4, 1847) Mendelssohn’s violin Concerto in E minor written in 1844 is one among the “4 great violin concertos." Many violinists have started their solo careers with a performance of this concerto. Mendelssohn was second only to Mozart as a child prodigy. Mendelssohn's violin music is special for its unsurpassed elegance and lyrical qualities. In 1829, at the age of 20, Mendelssohn conducted the first performance of the St. Matthew Passion since Bach's death nearly eighty years before and is responsible for the revival of interest in Bach in the 19th century.

At the age of 16 in 1825 he wrote his String Octet in E Flat Major, and In 1826 at the age of 17, he composed the Overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream , based on the Shakespeare's play. These showcases his grasp of form, harmony, counterpoint, color and a great compositional technique. His Symphony No. 3 in A minor, Known as Scottish Symphony was written in 1830 and revised several times between 1830 and 1842. . After a long period of oblivion due to changing musical tastes, he has occupied his position among the most popular composers of the Romantic era. He died in November 4, 1847, due to nervous problems and the depression he had developed soon after his beloved sister Fanny's demise that year. Click here for sheet music of the concerto. Click here for Virtual sheet Music of Mendelssohn’s violin concerto in E minor. Violin Concerto No.

2 by Bela Bartok (March 25, 1881 – September 26, 1945) Dedicated to the Hungarian violinist Zoltan Szekely, Bela Bartok's Violin Concerto No. 2 is one among the top ten violin concertos. Hungarian Bela Bartok's music is a blend of the Western classical tradition with eastern europen folk music. Bartok wanted to have a single movement with theme and variations, but as per Székely's interest settled for a three movement concerto with theme and variations. Violin concerto No.2 by Bela Bartok Brahmes Itzhak Perlman // Vivaldi: The Four Seasons & Violin Concertos Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in C Minor, RV 199, 'Il sospetto': I. Allegro - Itzhak Perlman 02 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in C Minor, RV 199, 'Il sospetto': II. Andante - Itzhak Perlman 03 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in C Minor, RV 199, 'Il sospetto': III.

Allegro - Itzhak Perlman 04 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in G Minor, RV 317: I. Allegro - Israel Philharmonic Orchestra/Itzhak Perlman 05 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in G Minor, RV 317: II. Largo - Israel Philharmonic Orchestra/Itzhak Perlman 06 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in G Minor, RV 317: III. Allegro - Israel Philharmonic Orchestra/Itzhak Perlman 07 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in A Minor, RV 356: I. Allegro - Itzhak Perlman 08 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in A Minor, RV 356: II. Largo - Itzhak Perlman 09 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in A Minor, RV 356: III. Presto - Itzhak Perlman 10 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in A Major, RV 347: I.

Allegro - Itzhak Perlman 11 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in A Major, RV 347: II. Largo - Itzhak Perlman 12 Vivaldi: Violin Concerto in A Major, RV 347: III. Allegro - Itzhak Perlman Disc 2 01 Vivladi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in E Major Op. 8, No. 1, RV 269, "Spring": I. Allegro - Itzhak Perlman 02 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in E Major Op. 8, No. 1, RV 269, "Spring": II. Largo - Itzhak Perlman 03 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in E Major Op. 8, No. 1, RV 269, "Spring": III.

Allegro (Danza pastorale) - Itzhak Perlman 04 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in G Minor Op. 8, No. 2, RV 315, "Summer": I. Allegro non molto - Itzhak Perlman 05 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in G Minor Op. 8, No. 2, RV 315, "Summer": II. Adagio - Itzhak Perlman 06 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in G Minor Op. 8, No. 2, RV 315, "Summer": III. Presto (Tempo impetuoso d"estate) - Itzhak Perlman 07 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in F Major Op. 8, No. 3, RV 293, "Autumn": I.

Allegro (Ballo e canto de" Villanelli) - Itzhak Perlman 08 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in F Major Op. 8, No. 3, RV 293, "Autumn": II. Adagio molto (Umbriachi dormienti) - Itzhak Perlman 09 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in F Major Op. 8, No. 3, RV 293, "Autumn": III. Allegro (La caccia) - Itzhak Perlman 10 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in F Minor Op. 8, No. 4, RV 297, "Winter": I Allegro non molto - Itzhak Perlman 11 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in F Minor Op. 8, No. 4, RV 297, "Winter": II.

Largo - Itzhak Perlman 12 Vivaldi: Le quattro stagioni (The Four Seasons), Violin Concerto in F Minor Op. 8, No. 4, RV 297, "Winter": III. Allegro - Itzhak Perlman Antonio Vivaldi - an overview of the classical composer All Classical Composers Antonio Vivaldi (1678 – 1741) Second only to Bach , Vivaldi is one of the most famous and celebrated of composers from the Baroque Period. He was born in Venice at the time when the city was the capital of an independent state called the Republic of Venice. His father was a musician in the prestigious St. Mark's Cathedral, and taught the young Antonio to play the violin at a young age. The violin was to be a key instrument for Vivaldi as both performer and composer. Like his father and other members of his family, Vivaldi had red hair and, when he was ordained into the priesthood at the age of 25, he was given the nickname "The Red Priest" (Il Preto Rosso) for this reason.

However he suffered from what is thought to have been asthma, and because of this he was not required to fulfil the normal duties of a priest. Instead he was assigned to an orphanage called "The Devout Hospital of Mercy" (Conservatorio dell'Ospedale della Pieta) which was one of several institutions in the area with a strong emphasis on musical education. His role there was initially master of the violin, and he was to remain with the Pieta for more than 30 years. The post was overtly a teaching position and Vivaldi taught and coached the girl orphans, the most talented of whom performed in the establishment's orchestra and choir. There were also boys at the orphanage, but their education concentrated on learning a trade and they generally left to become apprentices at the age of 15. In addition to teaching he also composed music to be played by the school's orchestra and choir, and he also performed with them. His fame spread across Venice, Italy and Europe, helped in part by the publication of some of his works. His growing reputation as a violinist and composer gave him a degree of independence from the school.

Provided he continued to compose for them, he had the freedom to accept other commissions and to travel to other artistic cities in Europe to play and promote his music. Vivaldi was later promoted to the post of Music Director of the Institution. In later life having retired from the orphanage, his fame diminished and like a number of other composers, he died a pauper. He was buried outside of the city walls, and a young Joseph Haydn was one of 6 boy choristers who sang at his funeral. Vivaldi's music had fallen out of fashion, and it wasn't until a revival of interest in Baroque music during the 19th Century that his name and some of his works became better known by composers of the day. Vivaldi's strongest revival with concert audiences did not come until the 20th century when many more of his scores were released from a private hands, and his "Four Seasons" became firmly established as a popular favourite. Music from these concertos was used extensively in the TV Series "Casanova" shown in 1971 set in Venice (a few decades after Vivaldi's death) and starring Frank Finlay in the title role.

The music was again used in the 1981 romantic comedy movie "The Four Seasons" written by and starring Alan Alda. In 1989 Nigel Kennedy released his interpretation of The Four Seasons, generally faster-paced than previous recordings, and this album sold more than 2 million copies making it one of the most successful classical recordings ever. Performances are planned for all of these works. Vivaldi's music Vivaldi composed a number of Operas and liturgical works for his employers, but it is primarily as a composer of Concerti that he is best known. He took the established Concerto form of the day, with a solo instrument supported by a string orchestra (possibly with other instruments) playing recurring "ritornello" passages. He made the Concerto more playful and flamboyant, giving the soloist more of a starring role as a virtuoso, and expanded the accepted forms of interplay between the solo and orchestral sections. His slow movement (the middle of 3 movements in the traditional concerto) were also expanded in a way similar to the arias of his opera.

All these innovations were to lead directly into the Concerto as we know it from the Classical Period, where the form was frequently used by composers such as Mozart and Beethoven . Vivaldi himself was influenced by the dominant forms performed in Italy at the time, especially the music of Corelli. Vivaldi himself has been criticised because many of 400+ concertos were predictable in style, but some of these concertos clearly demonstrate the composer's willingness to indulge in experimentation and innovation. Some of his concertos are clearly programmatic in nature, meaning that they tell a story in music. His Four Seasons is an obvious example because they contain storms, bird calls, and other evocative events that help to convey the different moods of the 4 seasons of the year. These programmatic notes have been written into the relevant parts of the score, so the composer's intention are very clear. Some of his other concertos for Violin and Flute are also programmatic. During the Baroque period, Johann Sebastian Bach was also influenced by Vivaldi, transcribing a number of his concerti to be played on various keyboard instruments.

Haydn too was influenced by Vivaldi, particularly by the Four Seasons, and the Venetian composer has also clearly influenced composers of the classical era by his innovations on the Concerto form. Vivaldi composed hundreds of concerti for solo violin, multiple violins, cello, oboe, flute, bassoon and other instruments. He also wrote Sonatas and Sinfonias, sacred choral music and operas. His most famous work is The Four Seasons (or "Le quattro stagioni") which is a cycle of 4 violin concertos depicting events and scenes from each of the 4 seasons. As such it is the finest example of early program music (i.e. music which tells a story) and this is in part why it captures the imagination of listeners, and has influenced many composers and artists (including perhaps pizza makers).

The two covers shown above are Nigel Kennedy's historic recordings and they can be found as follows: Original release in 1989 - from Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk 20th Anniversary Release (CD and DVD) - from Amazon.com and Amazon.co.uk On mfiles you can find the full music for the 3rd of these concerti, Autumn in full score and with all the parts. Like most concertos this is in 3 movements, and the work is also available in midi and mp3 formats. We also have an arrangement of Autumn for Violin and Piano also complete with parts and audio files, and an alternative arrangement of Autumn for Piano Solo . Given that the composer died 270 years ago, you would think that we would know as much about Vivaldi's music as we are likely to know. However in two separate incidents just weeks apart, new music by Vivaldi has been discovered. Firstly, a researcher uncovered a Vivaldi score when searching through papers in the National Archives of Scotland. It turned out to be the only known copy of a Flute Concerto called "Il Gran Mogol" (The Great Mogul).

This is one of a set of 4 Concertos based on Nationalities - "Il Gran Mogol" refers to India then ruled by the Mogul Emperors, and the others are "La Francia" (France), "La Spagna" (Spain), and "L’Inghilterra" (England). The Flute Concerto was virtually complete and here is the opening from the solo flute part - image: National Archives of Scotland. The second incident was the discovery in the Foundling Museum in London of 2 previously unknown Vivaldi violin sonatas. Vivaldi's key works Vivaldi often grouped his concertos into sets. For example, the Four Seasons are actually the first 4 of a set of 12 concertos called "Il cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione" (The Contest between Harmony and Invention), while a previous set of 12 violin concertos were call L'Estro Armonico (Harmonic Imagination). In general Vivaldi's concerto groups have Opus numbers, while individual works within the group or standalone works are identified by RV numbers (after Peter Ryom, a Danish scholar who catalogued the works).

Violin Concertos 12 Concertos, Op.3 - Harmonic Imagination (L'estro armonico) 12 Concertos, Op.4 - The Extraordinary (La Stravaganza) 12 Concertos, Op.8 - The Contest Between Harmony and Invention (Il Cimento dell'armonia e dell'inventione) - Nos.1-4 are the Four Seasons: No.1 in E, RV269 Spring (La primavera); No.2 in Gm, RV315 Summer (L'estate); No.3 in F, RV293 Autumn (L'autunno); No.4 in Fm, RV297 Winter (L'inverno); No.5 in Eb, RV253 The Sea Storm (La tempesta di mare); No.6 in C, RV253 Pleasure (Il piacere); etc.

12 Concertos for violin and 1 Concerto for 2 violins, Op.9 - La Cetra (La Cetra was a musical instrument in the Lyre family) Concerto for violin, strings and continuo in D, RV234 - Anxiety (L'inquietudine) Concerto for violin, strings and continuo in E, RV271 - Love (L'amoroso) Many other concertos for Solo Violin and Strings Many other concertos for 2 Violins and Strings Other Concertos 6 Concertos for Flute and strings, Op.10 - No.1 in F, RV433 The Sea Storm (La tempesta di mare) though different from the violin concerto of the same name; No.2 in Gm, RV439 The Night (La notte); etc.

Many other concertos for Flute and Strings Rustic Concerto in G, RV151 Rustic Concerto (Concerto alla Rustica) for strings and continuo Many other concertos for just Strings Many concertos for Cello and Strings Many concertos for Oboe and Strings Many concertos for Bassoon and Strings Many concertos for Viola d'amore and Strings Concerto for mandolin and Strings in C, RV425 Concerto for 2 trumpets in C, RV537 Many other concertos for solo instruments or combinations of instruments plus Strings Other Instrumental Works Sinfonias - many of these for Strings Sonatas - several for solo cello, several for solo violin, several for solo flute, several for 2 violins, and some examples for other instruments and combinations including recorder, oboe, bassoon, etc.

Gloria in D, RV589 Operas Vivaldi wrote a substantial number of operas starting with his first "Ottone in villa" RV729 in 1713, though many were later reworked and recycled as new operas with different titles, a fact which has sometimes confused scholars attempting to catalogue his works Sacred Choral Works Oratorio: Juditha triumphans, RV644 - celebrating Venice's victory over Turkey and the recapture of Corfu Credo, Kyrie and many other works

Question: Who composed the violin concerto 'The Four Seasons'?
Answer: Antonio Vivaldi