Ten Sikh Gurus - SikhiWiki, free Sikh encyclopedia. Ten Sikh Gurus The Ten Sikh Gurus The Ten Gurus of Sikhism Sikhism was established by ten Gurus , divine spiritual messengers or masters, over the period from 1469 to 1708 - that is, over a period of 239 years. These teachers were enlightened souls whose main purpose in life was the spiritual and moral well-being of the masses. By setting an exceptional example of how to live a holy and worthy life through practising righteous principles of living their human lives, they sort to awaken the higher conciousness in the human race. The Gurus taught the people of India and beyond, to live spiritually fulfilling lives with dignity, freedom and honour. Each of the ten masters added to and reinforced the message taught by the previous, resulting eventually to the creation of the religion that is now called Sikhism . Guru Nanak Dev Ji was the first Guru and Guru Gobind Singh Ji the final Guru in human form. When Guru Gobind Singh Ji left this world, he decreed the holy scripture Sri Guru Granth Sahib as the eternal Guru henceforth.

The Guru Granth Sahib , in spirit, is more than a holy book for the Sikhs , for the Sikhs accord the Guru Granth Sahib the same respect and reverence as they did to the human form Gurus. During the span of 239 years, the Sikh Gurus laid down within the sacred scriptures, the principles that outline the way of living that was to be followed by all practicing disciples of this religion. The history and the literature present the followers of the faith and others with the raw material required to learn about the beliefs and practices propagated by the Gurus. The Gurus were clear also to outline rituals, practices and beliefs that were not appropriate and were not to be followed by the faithful disciples. They promoted the habit of reciting the holy hymns called Shabads ; living in constant remembrance of the Supreme Creator and living a simple life of truth, decency and virtuous principles. Legend of the Ten Sikh Gurus Contents 11 References The "Gurus" in Sikhism are regarded as enlighteners and divine messengers. They were the messengers of the Timeless, who brought forth the eternal wisdom.

They were universal men who freed our minds from bigotry and superstitions, dogmas and rituals, and emphasized the simplicity of the religion. 1. Guru Nanak Dev Ji - Guru from 1469 to 1539 Guru Nanak The first of the Gurus and the founder of the Sikh religion was Guru Nanak. He was born at Talwandi (now known as Nankana Sahib in Pakistan) on October 20, 1469. Guru ji mastered Punjabi , Sanskrit and Persian at an early age and in childhood revolted against ritualism, caste, prejudices, hypocrisy and idolatry. He regarded Hindus and Muslims as equals and referred to himself as neither Hindu nor Muslim but as a brother to all those who believed in God and truth. He made four great journeys, travelling to all parts of India , and into Arabia and Persia ; visiting Mecca and Baghdad . He spoke before Hindus , Jains , Buddhists , Parsees , and Muslims . He spoke in the temples and mosques, and at various pilgrimage sites.

Wherever he went, Guru Nanak spoke out against empty religious rituals , pilgrimages , the caste system , the sacrifice of widows , of depending on books to learn the true religion, and of all the other tenets that were to define his teachings. Never did he ask his listeners to follow him. He asked the Muslims to be true Muslims and the Hindus to be true Hindus. 2. Guru Angad Dev Ji - Guru from 1539 to 1552 Guru Angad He was born in 1504. Guru Angad invented and introduced the Gurmukhi (written form of Punjabi) script and made it known to all Sikhs. The scripture of the Guru Granth Sahib Ji is written in Gurmukhi . This scripture is also the basis of the Punjabi language. It became the script of the masses very soon. Guru Angad was a model of self-less service to his Sikhs and showed them the way to devotional prayers. He took great interest in the education of the children by opening many schools for their instruction and thus greatly increased literacy. For the youth he started the tradition of Mall Akhara , where physical as well as spiritual exercises were held.

He collected the facts about Guru Nanak Sahib's life from Bhai Bala ji and wrote the first biography of Guru Nanak Sahib. (The Bhai Bale Wali Janamsakhi currently available is not the same as that which Guru Angad Sahib compiled.) He also wrote 63 Saloks (stanzas), these were included in Guru Granth Sahib. He popularized and expanded the institution of ' Guru ka Langar ' started by Guru Nanak Sahib earlier. 3. Guru Amar Das Sahib Ji - Guru from 1552 to 1574 Guru Amar Das He was born in 1479. Guru Amardas took up cudgels of spirituality to fight against caste restrictions, caste prejudices and the curse of untouchability. He strengthened the tradition of the free kitchen, Guru Ka Langar (started by Guru Nanak), and made his disciples, whether rich or poor, whether high born or low born (according to the Hindu caste system), have their meals together sitting in one place. He thus established social equality amongst the people. Guru Amardas introduced the Anand Karaj marriage ceremony for the Sikhs, replacing the Hindu form.

He also completely abolished amongst the Sikhs, the custom of Sati , in which a married woman was forced to burn herself to death in the funeral pyre of her husband. The custom of Paradah (Purda), in which a woman was required to cover her face with a veil, was also done away with. 4. Guru Ram Das Sahib Ji - Guru from 1574 to 1581 Guru Ram Das He was born in 1534. Guru ji founded the city of Amritsar and started the construction of the famous Golden Temple at Amritsar, the holy city of the Sikhs. He requested the, Muslim Sufi , Mian Mir to lay the cornerstone of the Harmandir Sahib . The temple remains open on all sides and at all times to everyone. This indicates that the Sikhs believe in One God who has no partiality for any particular place, direction or time. The standard Sikh marriage ceremony known as the Anand Karaj is centered around the Lawan , a four stanza hymn composed by Guru Ram Das ji. The marriage couple circumscribe the Guru Granth Sahib ji as each stanza is read.

The first round is the Divine consent for commencing the householders life through marriage. The second round states that the union of the couple has been brought about by God. In the third round the couple is described as the most fortunate as they have sung the praises of the Lord in the company of saints. In the fourth round the feeling of the couple that they have obtained their hearts desire and are being congratulated is described. 5. Guru Arjan Dev Ji - Guru from 1581 to 1606 Guru Arjan Dev He was born in 1563. He was the third son of Guru Ram Das ji. Guru Arjan was a saint and scholar of the highest quality and repute. He compiled the Adi Granth , the scriptures of the Sikhs, and wrote the Sukhmani Sahib . To make it a universal teaching, Guru ji included in it hymns of Muslim saints as well those of low-caste pariah saints who were never permitted to enter various temples. Guru Arjan Dev completed construction of Sri Darbar Sahib also known as Golden Temple in Amritsar.

Sri Darbar Sahib welcomes all without discrimination, which is symbolised by the four doors that are open in four directions. Guru ji became the first great martyr in Sikh history when Emperor Jahangir ordered his execution. 6. Guru Har Gobind Sahib Ji - - Guru from 1606 to 1644 Guru Hargobind He was born in 1595. He was the son of Guru Arjan Dev and was known as a "soldier saint," Guru Hargobind ji organised a small army, explaining that extreme non-violence and pacifism would only encourage evil and so the principles of Miri-Piri were established. Guru ji taught that it was necessary to take up the sword in order to protect the weak and the oppressed. Guru ji was first of the Gurus to take up arms to defend the faith. At that time it was only emperors who were allowed to sit on a raised platform, called a takhat or throne. At the age of 13, Guru Hargobind erected Sri Akal Takhat Sahib, ten feet above the ground and adorned two swords, Miri and Piri, representing temporal and spiritual power. 7.

Guru Har Rai Sahib Ji - Guru from 1644 to 1661 Guru Har Rai He was born in 1630, spent most of his life in devotional meditation and preaching the teachings of Guru Nanak. Although, Guru Har Rai Ji was a man of peace, he never disbanded the armed Sikh Warriors ( Saint Soldiers ), who earlier were maintained by his grandfather, Guru Hargobind. He always boosted the military spirit of the Sikhs, but he never himself indulged in any direct political and armed controversy with the Mughal Empire. Guru ji cautiously avoided conflict with Emperor Aurangzeb and devoted his efforts to missionary work. He also continued the grand task of nation building initiated by Guru Hargobind. 8. Guru Har Krishan Sahib Ji - Guru from 1661 to 1664 Guru Har Krishan He was born in 1656. Guru Har Krishan was the youngest of the Gurus. Installed as Guru at the age of five, Guru ji astonished the Brahmin Pundits with his knowledge and spiritual powers. To the Sikhs he proved to be the very symbol of service, purity and truth.

The Guru gave his life while serving and healing the epidemic-stricken people in Delhi. The young Guru began to attend the sufferers irrespective of cast and creed. Particularly, the local Muslim population was much impressed with the purely humanitarian deeds of the Guru Sahib and nicknamed him Bala Pir (child prophet). Even Aurangzeb did not try to disturb Guru Harkrishan Sahib sensing the sensitivity of the situation, but on the other hand never dismissed the claim of Ram Rai also. Anyone who invokes Guru Har Krishan with a pure heart has no difficulties whatsoever in their life. Guru Tegh Bahadur He was born in 1621 in Amritsar . He established the town of Anandpur. The Guru laid down his life for the protection of the Hindu religion, their Tilak (devotional forehead markings) and their sacred (janeau) thread. He was a firm believer in the right of people to the freedom of worship. It was for this cause that he faced martyrdom for the defence of the down-trodden Hindus.

So pathetic was the torture of Guru Tegh Bahadur that his body had to be cremated clandestinely (a follower burned down his own home to cremate the Guru's body) at Delhi while his severed head was secretly taken four hundred kilometers away to Anandpur Sahib for cremation. Because of his refusal to convert to Islam a threatened forced conversion of the Hindus of Kashmir was thwarted. Guru Gobind Singh He was born in 1666 and became Guru after the martyrdom of his father Guru Tegh Bahadur. He created the Khalsa (The Pure Ones) in 1699, changing the Sikhs into a saint-soldier order with special symbols and sacraments for protecting themselves. After the Guru had administered Amrit to his Five Beloved Ones, he stood up in supplication and with folded hands, begged them to baptize him in the same way as he had baptized them. He himself became their disciple (Wonderful is Guru Gobind Singh, himself the Master and himself the disciple). The Five Beloved Ones were astonished at such a proposal, and represented their own unworthiness, and the greatness of the Guru, whom they deemed God's representative upon earth.

He gave the Sikhs the name Singh (lion) or Kaur (princess). He fought many battles against the armies of Aurangzeb and his allies. After he had lost his father, his mother and four sons to Mughal tyranny, he wrote his famous letter (the zafarnama) to Aurangzeb, in which he indicted the Grand mughal with his treachery and godliness, after which the attacks against the Guru and his Sikhs were called off. Aurangzeb died soon after reading the letter. Soon, the rightful heir to the Mughal throne sought the Guru's assistance in winning his kingdom. It was the envie and fear of the growing friendship between the new Emperor and the Guru which lead to the sneak attack of the Pathan assasins of Wasir Khan who inflicted the wound which later caused the Guru's death. Thus the tree whose seed was planted by Guru Nanak, came to fruition when Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa, and on 3 October 1708, appointed Guru Granth Sahib as the Guru. He commanded: "Let all bow before my successor, Guru Granth. The Word is the Guru now." 11.

Guru Granth Sahib Ji - Guru from 1708 to eternity Sri Guru Granth Sahib Guru Granth Sahib (also known as the Adi Granth) is the scripture of the Sikhs. No Sikh ceremony is regarded as complete unless it is performed in the presence of Guru Granth Sahib. The Granth was written in Gurmukhi script and it contains the actual words and verses as uttered by the Sikh Gurus. It is considered the Supreme Spiritual Authority and Head of the Sikh religion, rather than any living person. It is also the only scripture of its kind which not only contains the works of its own religious founders but also the writings of people of other faiths. The living Guru of the Sikhs, the book is held in great reverence by Sikhs and treated with the utmost respect. Guru Granth Sahib is a book of Revelation. It conveys the Word of the Master through His messengers on earth. It is universal in its scope. The greatness of the Guru Granth Sahib lies not only in its being the Holy Scripture of the Sikhs but also in it being a general scripture available to mankind, intended for everybody, everywhere.

Above article with thanks to: Period 1469 to 1708 The above Sikh Guru Family Tree with thanks to: From 1708 Onwards Sri Guru Granth Sahib Guru Granth Sahib or Sri Guru Granth Sahib Ji or SGGS for short, is more than just a holy book of the Sikhs . The Sikhs treat this Granth (holy book) as a living Guru . The holy text spans 1430 pages and contain the actual words spoken by the founders of the Sikh religion ( the Ten Gurus of Sikhism ) and various other Saints from other religions including Hinduism and Islam . The SGGS was given the Guruship by the last of the living Sikh Masters, Guru Gobind Singh Ji in 1708. Guru Gobind Singh said before his demise that the Sikhs were to treat the SGGS as their next Guru. Guru Ji said – "Sab Sikhan ko hokam hai Guru Manyo Granth" meaning "All Sikhs are commanded to take the Granth as Guru" So today if asked, the Sikhs will tell you that they have a total of 11 Gurus.

( 10 in human form and the SGGS). Guruship Table These dates are based on pre-Nanakshahi calendar resources - Please see Sikh Gurus - Important dates for the update on these dates: # Sikhism, Sikh, Sikh Religion, Khalsa, Gurudwara, Guru Granth, Sikh Guru, Sikh Scriptures, Sikh Baptism, Dasam Granth, Guru Nanak, Guru Gobind Singh Sikhism - the Sikh religion. Sikhism (or Sikh religion), founded on the teachings of Guru Nanak Dev and nine successive gurus in fifteenth century Northern India, is the fifth-largest religion in the world. This system of religious philosophy and expression has been traditionally known as the Gurmat (literally the counsel of the gurus) or the Sikh Dharma. Sikhism originated from the word Sikh, which in turn comes from the Sanskrit root sisya meaning "disciple" or "learner", or siksa meaning "instruction." The principal belief of Sikhism is faith in Waheguruï¿½represented using the sacred symbol of ek oankar, the Universal God. Sikhism advocates the pursuit of salvation through disciplined, personal meditation on the name and message of God.

A key distinctive feature of Sikhism is a non-anthropomorphic concept of God, to the extent that one can interpret God as the Universe itself. The followers of Sikhism are ordained to follow the teachings of the ten Sikh gurus, or enlightened leaders, as well as the holy scripture entitled the Guru Granth Sahib, which includes selected works of many philosophers from diverse socio-economic and religious backgrounds. The text was decreed by Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth guru, as the final guru of the Khalsa Panth. Sikhism's traditions and teachings are distinctively associated with the history, society and culture of the Punjab. Adherents of Sikhism are known as Sikhs (students or disciples) and number over 23 million across the world. Most Sikhs live in the state of Punjab in India and, prior to the country's partition, millions of Sikhs lived in what is now the Punjab province of Pakistan. God Sikhism is a monotheistic religion. In Sikhism, God -termed Waheguru - is formless, eternal, and unobserved: nirankar, akal, and alakh.

The beginning of the first composition of Sikh scripture is the figure "1"ï¿½signifying the universality of God. It states that God is omnipresent and infinite, and is signified by the term ek oankar. Sikhs believe that prior to creation, all that existed was God and his hukam (will or order). When God willed, the entire cosmos was created. From these beginnings, God nurtured "enticement and attachment" to maya, or the human perception of reality. While a full understanding of God is beyond human beings, Nanak described God as not wholly unknowable. God is omnipresent (sarav viapak) in all creation and visible everywhere to the spiritually awakened. Nanak stressed that God must be seen from "the inward eye", or the "heart", of a human being: devotees must meditate to progress towards enlightenment. Nanak emphasized the revelation through meditation, as its rigorous application permits the existence of communication between God and human beings. God has no gender in Sikhism, though translations may incorrectly present a masculine God. In addition, Nanak wrote that there are many worlds on which God has created life.

Gurudwara (Sikh Temple) Gurudwara, meaning "the doorway to the Guru", is the Sikh place of worship and may be referred to as a Sikh temple. People of all religious backgrounds or of no religious faith are welcomed into a Sikh Gurudwara. However, it is necessary that any visitors remove their shoes and cover their head with a handkerchief or scarf before entering a gurudwara. Visitors are also forbidden to go into the gurudwara while they are inebriated or possess alcohol, cigarettes or any intoxicating substance. Sikh Gurus The term guru comes from the Sanskrit guru, meaning teacher, guide or mentor. The traditions and philosophy of Sikhism were established by ten specific gurus from 1507 to 1708. Each guru added to and reinforced the message taught by the previous, resulting in the creation of the Sikh religion. Guru Nanak Dev was the first guru and appointed a disciple as successor. Guru Gobind Singh was the final guru in human form. Before his death, Guru Gobind Singh decreed that the Guru Granth Sahib would be the final and perpetual guru of the Sikhs.

Sabb sikkhao ko hukam hai guru manyo granth. English Transliteration : All Sikhs are commanded to take the Granth as Guru. The Sikhs fully believe that the divine spirit of Nanak was passed from one guru to the next, just as the light of one lamp, which lights another and does not diminish, and is also mentioned in their holy book. Sikh Scriptures Sikhs have two primary sources of scriptures: the Guru Granth Sahib and the Dasam Granth. The Guru Granth Sahib may be referred to as the Adi Granthï¿½literally, The First Volumeï¿½and the two terms are often used synonymously. Here, however, the Adi Granth refers to the version of the scripture created by Guru Arjan Dev in 1604. The Guru Granth Sahib refers to the final version of the scripture created by Guru Gobind Singh. Baptism and the Khalsa Khalsa (meaning pure) is the name given by Guru Gobind Singh to all Sikhs who have been baptised or initiated by taking Amrit in a ceremony called Amrit Sancar.

The first time that this ceremony took place was on Vaisakhi, which fell on 30 March 1699 at Anandpur Sahib in India. It was on that occasion that Gobind Singh baptised the Panj Piare who in turn baptised Gobind Singh himself. Baptised Sikhs are bound to wear the Five Ks (in Punjabi known as panj kakke or panj kakar), or articles of faith, at all times. The tenth guru, Gobind Singh, ordered these Five Ks to be worn so that a Sikh could actively use them to make a difference to their own and to others' spirituality. The 5 items are: kes (uncut hair), kangha (small comb), kara (circular heavy metal bracelet), kirpan (ceremonial short sword), and kaccha (special undergarment). The Five Ks have both practical and symbolic purposes. Philosophy and teachings Sikh religious philosophy has roots in the religious traditions of northern India. The Sant Mat traditions are fundamental to the teachings of Sikhism's founder, Nanak.

Especially important to the connection with Sikhism were the teachings of some of the saints such as Ravidas and Kabir. Sikhism is also inspired by the emphasis on devotion to God in the traditions of Vaishnavism, especially through the Bhakti movement, as well as influences of Sufism. However, Nanak's teachings diverge significantly from Vaishnavism in their rejection of idol worship, the doctrine of divine incarnations and a strict emphasis on inward devotion; Sikhism is professed to be a more difficult personal pursuit than Bhakti. The evolution of Nanak's thoughts on the basis of his own experiences and study have also given Sikhism a distinctly unique feature. BBC - Schools - Religion - Sikhism Religion RE online Sikhism was founded in the 16th century in the Punjab district of what is now India and Pakistan. It was founded by Guru Nanak and is based on his teachings, and those of the 9 Sikh gurus who followed him. There are approximately 20 million followers worldwide, most of whom live in the Punjab province of India. The 2001 census recorded 336,000 Sikhs living in the UK.

Sikh beliefs Sikhs believe in one God who guides and protects them. They believe that everyone is equal before God Sikhism stresses the importance of doing good actions rather than merely carrying out rituals Sikhs believe that the way to lead a good life is to: keep God in heart and mind at all times live honestly and work hard treat everyone equally be generous to the less fortunate serve others Sikh Holy Book The Sikh scripture is a book called the Guru Granth Sahib The tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh declared that there would be no other living Gurus but instead Sikhs could look to their holy scriptures for guidance, so the holy book became the 'Guru' (teacher). The Guru Granth Sahib is a collection of teachings and writings by Guru Nanak and other Gurus as well as Sikh, Hindu and Muslim saints. These scriptures are written in Punjabi and are greatly respected by all Sikhs as the living word of God. The holy book is kept on a raised platform under a canopy in the place of worship. Sikhs take off their shoes in the presence of the holy scriptures and also never turn their back on them. At every festival, they are read continuously from beginning to end, which takes about 48 hours.

The Gurdwara: the Sikh place of worship Any building where the Guru Granth Sahib is kept is a Sikh place of worship. It is called the Gurdwara ('Gateway to the Guru'). Sikh services are generally held on a Sunday in this country. They are based on the writings in the Guru Granth Sahib, together with chants and prayers from the Gurus known as Keertan. The service ends in a langar (shared meal). Basics of Sikhism | Sikh Foundation of Virginia Sikh Foundation of Virginia The first Gurdwara in Virginia Search this site Basics of Sikhism THE SIKH RELIGION The word Sikh means a disciple or seeker of Truth. The founder of the Sikh religion, Guru Nanak (1469-1539) first uttered the word Ek-Onkar (ੴ) envisioning that there is only One Universal Creator of us all and of everything around us. He brought a message of love and equality to his disciples, the Sikhs, and preached them to: 1. Always remember the creator God (Akaal Purkh) 2. Always live a honest life and earn a just living and 3. Always share your blessings with other less fortunate ones.

Guru Nanak passed on his enlightened leadership of this new religion to nine successive Gurus. The final living Guru, Guru Gobind Singh died in 1708. All ten Sikh Gurus preached the same enlightened spiritual beliefs and carried the same torch lit by Guru Nanak. All Sikh Gurus emphasized equality of mankind through word and deed and barred discrimination based on caste, color, religion or social status. Guru Nanak traveled far and wide spreading his message of monotheistic belief in only one creator being, Akaal Purkh, and dispelling superstitions and ritualistic practices brought about by old religions and prevalent beliefs.. SIKH SCRIPTURES: The Guru Granth Sahib is the Holy Book of the Sikhs. This Holy Book, containing the Banis (actual utterances) of the Sikh Gurus, was compiled by the fifth Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan Dev Ji, and it contains the virtues, beliefs and lessons for all Sikhs to follow. The tenth Sikh Guru, Guru Gobind Singh Ji, ordained an eternal Guruship to Guru Granth Sahib and ordered all Sikhs to accept and respect this Holy Book as their eternal living Guru.

The Guru Granth Sahib is kept in all Gurdwaras (Sikh Temples). When entering the Gurdwara prayer hall (Diwan Hall), where Guru Granth Sahib is enshrined, all bow before the Holy Book, present their offerings (generally small sum of money) and then they take their seat as Guru’s Sangat (Gurus Congregation). SIKH MOOL MANTAR: This is the way Guru Nanak described and remembered his Creator. It ends with gur pRswid meaning that the Creator, Akaal Purkh is envisioned through His Grace.

ੴ ਸਤਿ ਨਾਮੁ ਕਰਤਾ ਪੁਰਖੁ ਨਿਰਭਉ ਨਿਰਵੈਰੁ ਅਕਾਲ ਮੂਰਤਿ ਅਜੂਨੀ ਸੈਭੰ ਗੁਰ ਪ੍ਰਸਾਦਿ ॥ Ik▫oaŉkār saṯ nām karṯā purakẖ nirbẖa▫o nirvair akāl mūraṯ ajūnī saibẖaŉ gur parsāḏ. One Universal Creator God. The Name Is Truth. Creative Being Personified. No Fear. No Hatred. Image Of The Undying, Beyond Birth, Self-Existent.

By Guru's Grace THE TEN SIKH GURUS: First Guru: Guru Nanak Dev (1469 to 1539) Second Guru: Guru Angad Dev (1504 to 1552) Third Guru: Guru Amar Das (1479 to 1574) Fourth Guru: Guru Ram Das (1534 to 1581) Fifth Guru: Guru Arjan Dev (1563 to 1606) Sixth Guru: Guru Hargobind (1595 to 1644) Seventh Guru: Guru Har Rai (1630 to 1661) Eighth Guru: Guru Harkrishan (1656 to 1664) Ninth Guru: Guru Tegh Bahadur (1621 to 1675) Tenth Guru: Guru Gobind Singh (1666 to 1708) THE SIKH WAY OF LIFE: > Nam Japna: Always remembering the Creator Lord, Waheguru > Kirt Karni: Earning a Honest living > Wand Shakana: Sharing the bounty with those less fortunate ones THE

 KHALSA ORDER: The tenth Guru, Guru Gobind Singh elevated Sikhs to Khalsa, The word “Khalsa means the pure ones.

On March 30th (Baisakhi Day), 1699, Guru Gobind Singh baptized 5 Sikhs and then in turn the five Khalsas baptized the Guru. Since then every Sikh aspires to become one of the 10th Guru’s beloved Khalsa Order. The baptismal ceremony, also known as partaking “Khande di Pahul” is the attainment of a personal spiritual goal when an initiate is ready to fully live up to the high expectations of Guru Gobind Singh. The Khalsa Sikhs always wear five articles of Faith “Five K’s” (pMj kkwr) at all times as commanded by the 10th Guru. The Five K’s are the five items of dress and physical appearance given to Sikhs by Guru Gobind Singh and include: Kesh - uncut hair and beard and a turban to cover the head Kangha - a small comb to keep the hair clean and tidy. Kachera - a special pair of shorts, usually worn as undergarment. Kirpan- a sword worn by initiated Khalsa Sikhs.

Kara - a bangle made of iron or steel From sadacanada.com with Thanks GURDWARA SERVICES: Most Gurdwaras have a daily morning service when Asa Di War Hymns are sung and an evening service, when Rehras Sahib is read. There are Sunday services and sometimes extended evening Kirtan on other days and on the first day of each month (Sangrand). Special services are held to celebrate occasions like Birthdays, and Anniversaries of Sikh Gurus or to celebrate days of special significance to Sikh religion. On entering the Sanctuary (Diwan Hall), one presents himself before the Altar, where Guru Granth Sahib is Placed, bows in front of the Guru to honor the Guru and to be accepted as a humble disciple and a member of the Sangat. It is customary to present an offering of cash, flowers or food. There is also a box for cash or check donations in front of the Alter. Inside the Diwan Hall (and Langar Hall) all congregants (Sangat) sit on the floor, unless severe disability poses a problem. Traditionally men sit together on one side and women on the other side of the Diwan Hall.

Everyone faces towards the Alter where Guru Granth Sahib is adorned. There is often a stage near the Alter where Ragis (the Hymn singers) sit and perform Kirtan (singing of Hymns from Guru Granth Sahib). The Sangat sits (often crosslegged) in silence listening to and enjoying the kirtan. Kirtan: Kirtans are essential part of Sikh Worship. In a kirtan Hymns from Guru Granth Sahib are sung often accompanied by musical instruments such as a Harmonium and a Tabla. Kirtans are often performed by specially trained Hymn singers, Ragis, or sometimes by members from the Sangat. Sermon: A sermon, a talk or a Katha is usually based on teachings in Guru Granth Sahib, life-stories of the Gurus or to elaborate important issues related to Sikh spirituality and Sikh History. Ardas: The congregation stands with folded hands facing Guru Granth Sahib for prayer (Ardas). It is a prayerful request to the Almighty (Akaal Purkh) for acceptance in His presence and for His varied Blessings.

All Sikh ceremonies are started and concluded with Ardas (a request for Almighty’s blessing). Hukum Nama: After the prayer and Ardas The Granth Sahib is opened at a random page and a Hymn that starts at the top of the left page is read. This Hymn is the Guru’s order for the day. Karah Prashad: It is a sweet made with equal amounts of sugar, flour and clarified butter. This is distributed to all Sangat, after a worship or Service, as a gift of God and is received in cupped hands. Langar: After the services the congregation is offered a meal. It is wholesome vegetarian meal that all Sangat partakes in equal status without regard to cast, creed, or religious affiliations. For Additional Information: Contact Dr. Ajaib Singh, Chairman (2012-2013) SFV-Tel: 540 720 5755 Resources What is the name of the Sikh's holy book? | Reference.com What is the name of the Sikh's holy book? A: Quick Answer The holy book of the Sikh religion is the Guru Granth Sahib.

Originally, the religion relied on the teaching of living gurus. The 10th guru, Gobind Singh, declared that he would have no living successor, and this collection of teachings would become the ultimate guru for the Sikh. Full Answer As the Guru is considered a holy teacher, the book is shown reverence in Sikh services. It is typically placed on a throne, and the congregation cover their heads and remove their shoes while in its presence. It is carried upon the head and never by those with unwashed hands. It is also considered a transgression for a Sikh to turn his back on the book. Sikhism Religion of the Sikh People It means nectar. It is sugar water which is used during the Khalsa initiation ceremony. Amrit Bani A term applied to the Sikh Scriptures, meaning the words are as sweet as nectar (amrit). Amrit Vaila The early morning hours of dawn. This is considered an auspicious time for meditation and prayer as stressed by Guru Nanak. Amritdhari A Sikh who has undergone the Khalsa initiation ceremony. Amritsanskar The rite of initiation into the Khalsa brotherhood. Anand A state of bliss which defies description.

It is also the name of a composition by Guru Amar Das found on pg. 917 of the Guru Granth Sahib. Anand Karaj The Sikh wedding ceremony. Anand Sahib Composition by Guru Amar Das found on page 917 of the Guru Granth Sahib. Parts of it are used in a number of Sikh ceremonies. Anbhav Prakash The enlightened perception of reality which is enjoyed by a person who has become a gurmukh. Antim Ardas The last of the Sikh funeral rites. Artha Wealth, it is acceptable to acqure wealth, but it should not become an end to itself. Asa Di Var A collection of hymns ment to be sung at dawn. Atma The soul which is considered immortal. BBB Babur Bani References to the invasion of India by the Mughal emperor Babur found in the Guru Granth Sahib. God is said to have sent Babur as deaths messanger. Baisakhi The celebration which takes place every April 13th. Guru Amardas initiated the annual gathering of Sikhs at Goindwal in 1567.

In 1699 Guru Gobind Singh founded the Khalsa order on this day. Barhmaha Compositions about the twelve months. By Guru Arjun in Raga Majh, by Guru Nanak in Raga Tukhari and by Guru Gobind Singh in Krishavtar. Bani An abbriviation of Gurbani, applied to any of the writings which appear in the Guru Granth Sahib. Benati An appeal for assistance made to Sikhs world wide. Bhagat Bani Any of the writings which appear in the Guru Granth Sahib which were not written by the Gurus. Bhog The ceremony marking the conclusion of a Path. Bole So Nihal Part of the Sikh salutation meaning "anyone who speaks will be happy." Buddha Dal The 'army of veterans' formed by Nawab Kapur Singh in 1733 to look after Sikh holy places, preach and initiate new converts to the Khalsa order. CCC The canopy which is placed over the Guru Granth Sahib. Chanpada A poetical composition consisting of four lines in a specified meter.

Charan Pahul Baptism ceremony involving the drinking of water which the Guru or a member of the Gurus family had dipped their feet in. Chaupai A four line stanza form used by some of the Gurus. Chaur(i) Yak hair or manmade fiber embedded in a metal placed in a wooden handle. It is cerimonially waved over the Guru Granth Sahib as a symbol of respect. Chela A disciple of the guru, used in the Guru Granth Sahib to refer to Sikhs. Chola Clothing of the Gurus. Also applied to the coverings of the nishan sahib at a gurdwara. DDD The Khalsa army set up on Baisakhi day 1748 and divided up into 11 misls. Dasam Granth The book of writings of Guru Gobind Singh compiled after his death by Bhai Mani Singh and finished in 1734. Daswandh Giving of one-tenth of ones income to charity. Deg Teg The dual responsibility of the Panth to provide food and protection for the needy and opressed. Dhadi One who sings the praises of God. Dharam Yudh War in the defence of righteousness.

Dharma Religion or teaching or lifestyle, as in Sikh Dharma. Diwali Indian festival also celebrated by Sikhs. From the time of Guru Amar Das onwards Sikhs annually gathered on this day. In 1577 the foundation stone of the Harmandir Sahib was also laid on this day. Diwan Congregational worship where Guru Granth Sahib is present. Doha Verse form used commonly by Guru Nanak and Kabir consisting of stanzas of two rhyming lines. FFF Forty Immortals Forty Sikhs who died in the battle of Muktsar in 1762 and blessed by Guru Gobind Singh. GGG The seat or throne of guruship. Giani A person of spiritual knowledge. Granthi One who performs the reading of the Guru Granth Sahib at religious occassions, it may be a man or women. Gristhi Sikh ideal is that of being married, having a family, earning ones living by honest socially useful employment, serving ones fellow human beings and worshipping God. Gurbani The writings of the Gurus. Gurdwara Name given to a Sikh temple. It means 'Gateway to the Guru'.

Gurmat A general term for Sikhism, including the teachings of the Gurus, as well as the Rahit Maryada. Gurmata A resolution passed in a council presided over by the Guru or the advice of the Guru. Gurmukh Someone who has become God oriented and God filled instead of self centred (manmukh). Gurmukhi The written form of Punjabi used in the Sikh scriptures, propogated by Guru Nanak and Guru Angad. Gursikh Someone who is deeply and sincerely devoted to the service of the Guru. Gurpurb The celebration of the anniversary of the birth or death of a Guru. Also applied to the anniversary of the installation of the Guru Granth Sahib in 1604 or the deaths of the sons of Guru Gobind Singh. Gutka Summary of Sikhism Summary of Sikhism Jump to: navigation , search Sikhism, founded upon the teachings of Guru Nanak and the ten successive Sikh Gurus in fifteenth century Punjab, is the fifth-largest organized religion in the world. This system of religious philosophy and expression has traditionally been known as the Gurmat (literally the counsel of the gurus) or the Sikh Dharma.

Sikhism originated from the word Sikh, meaning "instruction". The principal belief of Sikhism is faith in waheguru, or the Universal God. Sikhism advocates pursuit of salvation through disciplined, personal meditation upon the name and message of God. A key distinctive feature of Sikhism is a non-anthropomorphic concept of God, to the extent that we can interpret God as the Universe itself. Adherents of Sikhism are known as Sikhs (students or disciples) and are over 23 million in number across the world. Most Sikhs live in Punjab in India and, until India's partition, millions lived in what is now Pakistani Punjab. Philosophy and Teachings The origins of Sikhism lie in the teachings of Guru Nanak and his successors. Nanak disapproved of many religious beliefs and practices of his time. The essence of Sikh teaching is summed up in these words: "Realisation of Truth is higher than all else. Higher still is truthful living". Sikhism believes in equality of all humans and rejects discrimination on the basis of caste, creed, and sex.

Sikhism also does not attach any importance to asceticism as a means to attain salvation, but stresses on the need of leading life as a householder. Sikhism is a monotheistic religion. In Sikhism, God—termed Vāhigurū—is shapeless, timeless, and sightless. The beginning of the first composition of Sikh scripture is the figure "1"—signifying the universality of God. Sikhs believe that before creation, all that existed was God and hukam (will or order). When God willed, the entire cosmos was formed. From these beginnings, God nurtured "enticement and attachment" to māyā, the human perception of reality. Pursuing Salvation and Khalsa Nanak's teachings are founded not on a destination of heaven or hell, but upon a spiritual union with God which results in salvation. The chief obstacles to the attainment of salvation are social conflicts and an also attachment to worldly pursuits, which commit men and women to an endless cycle of birth—a concept which is known as reincarnation.

Māyā, defined as illusion or "unreality", is one of the core deviations of the pursuit of God and salvation: people are distracted from devotion by worldly attractions that give us only illusive satisfaction. However, Nanak emphasised māyā as not a reference for the unreality of the world, but of the world's values. In Sikhism, the influences of ego, anger, greed, attachment, and lust, known as the Five Evils, are believed to be especially pernicious. The fate of people vulnerable to the Five Evils is separation from God, and the situation is remedied only after intensive and relentless devotion. The Ten Gurus and Religious Authority The term guru comes from the Sanskrit gurū, which means teacher, guide, or mentor. All the traditions and philosophy of Sikhism were established by ten specific gurus from 1499 to 1708. Each guru reinforced and added to the message taught by the previous, resulting in the creation of the Sikh religion. Nanak was the first guru and appointed a disciple as his successor. Gobind Singh was the final guru that is in human form.

Before his death, Gobind Singh decreed that the Gurū Granth Sāhib would be the final and perpetual guru for the Sikhs. The Sikhs believe Nanak's spirit was passed from one guru to the next, " just as the light of one lamp, which lights another and does not diminish ", and is also mentioned throughout their holy book. After Nanak's passing, the most important phase in the development of Sikhism occured with the third successor, Amar Das. Nanak's teachings emphasised pursuit of salvation; Amar Das began building a cohesive community of followers having initiatives such as sanctioning distinctive ceremonies for birth, marriage, and death. Amar Das also established the manji (comparable to a diocese) system of clerical supervision. Scripture There are two main sources of scripture for the Sikhs: the Gurū Granth Sāhib and the Dasam Granth. The Gurū Granth Sāhib is often referred to as the Ādi Granth, meaning literally, The First Volume, and the two terms are often used synonymously. Here, however, the Ādi Granth refers to the version of the scripture that was created by Arjan Dev in 1604.

The Gurū Granth Sāhib refers to the final version of the scripture which was created by Gobind Singh. Ādi Granth The Ādi Granth was compiled by Bhai Gurdas under the supervision of Arjan Dev during the years 1603 and 1604. It is written in the Gurmukhī script, The Gurmukhī script was standardised by Arjan Dev for use in the Sikh scriptures and is also thought to have been influenced by the Śāradā and Devanāgarī scripts. An authoritative scripture was created in order to protect the integrity of hymns and teachings of the Sikh gurus and selected bhagats. At the time, Arjan Sahib was trying to prevent undue influence from the followers of Prithi Chand, the guru's older brother and rival. The original version of the Ādi Granth is claimed to be held by the Sodhi family of Kartarpur.

(In fact the original volume was burned by Ahmad Shah Durrani's army in 1757 when they burned the town of Kartarpur.) Guru Granth Sahib The final version of the Gurū Granth Sāhib was compiled by Gobind Singh during 1678. It consists of the original Ādi Granth with an addition of Teg Bahadur's hymns. It was decreed by Gobind Singh that the Granth was to be considered the eternal guru for all Sikhs; however, this tradition is not mentioned in either 'Guru Granth Sahib' or in 'Dasam Granth'. It contains the compositions of the first five gurus, Teg Bahadur and just one śalōk (couplet) from Gobind Singh. It also contains the traditions and teachings the sants (saints) Kabir, Namdev, Ravidas, and Sheikh Farid along with a few others. Observances Observant Sikhs follow long-standing practices and traditions to strengthen and express their faith.

The daily recitation from memory of certain passages from the Gurū Granth Sāhib, especially the Japu (or Japjī, literally chant) hymns is recommended immediately after rising and bathing. Family customs include both reading passages from the scripture and also attending the gurdwara (also gurduārā, meaning the doorway to God; sometimes transliterated as gurudwara). Sikhs commonly enter the temple, touch the ground before the holy scripture with their foreheads, then make an offering. Ceremonies and Customs Nanak taught that rituals, religious ceremonies, and idol worship are of little use and they are discouraged from fasting or going on pilgrimages. But during the period of the later gurus, and owing to an increase in institutionalisation of the religion, some ceremonies and rites did arise. Sikhism is not a proselyting religion and most Sikhs generally do not make active attempts to gain converts. However, converts to Sikhism are all welcomed, although there is no formal conversion ceremony. Morning and evening prayers take around two hours a day, starting in the very early morning hours. The first prayer in the morning is Guru Nanak's Jap Ji.

Jap, meaning "recitation", refers to the using sound, as the best way to approach the divine. Like combing hair, hearing and reciting the sacred word is used as a way to comb all of one's negative thoughts out of the mind. The morning prayer in the morning is Guru Gobind Singh's universal Jaap Sahib. The Guru addresses God to have no form, no country, and no religion but as the seed of seeds, sun of suns, and the song of songs. Baptism and the Khalsa Khalsa (meaning pure) is the name given by Gobind Singh to Sikhs who have been baptised or initiated by taking ammrit in a ceremony that is called ammrit sañcār. The first time this ceremony took place was on Vaisakhi, which fell on 29 March 1698/1699 at Anandpur Sahib in Punjab. It was during that occasion that Gobind Singh baptised the Pañj Piārē who in turn baptised Gobind Singh himself.

Baptised Sikhs are bound to wear the Five Ks (in Punjabi known as pañj kakkē or pañj kakār), or articles of faith, at all times. The tenth guru, Gobind Singh, ordered these Five Ks to be worn so that a Sikh could actively use them to make a difference to their own and to others' spirituality. The 5 items are: kēs (uncut hair), kaṅghā (small comb), kaṛā (circular iron bracelet), kirpān (dagger), and kacchā (special undergarment). The Five Ks have both practical and symbolic purposes. This page has been produced by Religion Resources Online using modified information gathered from Wikipedia . It complies with Wikipedia’s Terms of Use and international Copyright law. Sikh Gurus, Ten Sikh Gurus, Ten Gurus of Sikh, Guru Granth Sahib - Living Guru of Sikhs, Guru Nanak, Guru Govind, Sikh Guru Information +91-9910007940, 9810007940 Sikh Gurus The term guru comes from the Sanskrit guru, meaning teacher, guide or mentor.

The traditions and philosophy of Sikhism were established by ten specific gurus from 1507 to 1708. Each guru added to and reinforced the message taught by the previous, resulting in the creation of the Sikh religion. Guru Nanak Dev was the first guru and appointed a disciple as successor. Guru Gobind Singh was the final guru in human form. Before his death, Guru Gobind Singh decreed that the Guru Granth Sahib would be the final and perpetual guru of the Sikhs. The Sikhs fully believe that the divine spirit of Nanak was passed from one guru to the next, just as the light of one lamp, which lights another and does not diminsh, and is also mentioned in their holy book. # 7 October 1708 to (Never ending) - - After Guru Nanak Dev's passing, the most important phase in the development of Sikhism came with the third successor, Guru Amar Das. Guru Nanak Dev's teachings emphasised the pursuit of salvation; Guru Amar Das began building a cohesive community of followers with initiatives such as sanctioning distinctive ceremonies for birth, marriage and death.

Guru Amar Das also established the manji (comparable to a diocese) system of clerical supervision. Guru Amar Das's successor and son-in-law Ram Das founded the city of Amritsar, which is home of the Harimandir Sahib and regarded widely as the holiest city for all Sikhs. When Guru Ram Das's youngest son Guru Arjan Dev succeeded him, the line of male gurus from the Sodhi Khatri family was established: all succeeding gurus were direct descendants of this line. Guru Arjan Dev was responsible for compiling the Sikh scriptures. Guru Arjan Dev was captured by Mughal authorities who were suspicious and hostile to the religious order he was developing. His persecution and death inspired his successors to promote a military and political organisation of Sikh communities to defend themselves against the attacks of Mughal forces. The Sikh gurus established a mechanism which allowed the Sikh religion to react as a community to changing circumstances. The sixth guru, Guru Har Gobind Sahib, was responsible for the creation of the Akal Takht (throne of the timeless one) which serves as the supreme decision-making centre of Sikhdom and sits opposite the Harimandir Sahib.

The Sarbat khalsa (a representative portion of the Khalsa Panth) historically gathers at the Akal Takht on special festivals such as Vaisakhi or Diwali and when there is a need to discuss matters that affect the entire Sikh nation. A gurmata (literally, guru's intention) is an order passed by the Sarbat khalsa in the presence of the Guru Granth Sahib. A gurmata may only be passed on a subject that affects the fundamental principles of Sikh religion; it is binding upon all Sikhs. The term hukamnama (literally, edict or royal order) is often used interchangeably with the term gurmata. However, a hukamnama formally refers to a hymn from the Guru Granth Sahib which is given as an order to Sikhs. What are the teachings of Sikhism? | eNotes What are the teachings of Sikhism? krishna-agrawala | College Teacher | (Level 3) Valedictorian Posted on July 1, 2009 at 2:47 AM Sikhism is one of the religion of India, that is based on teachings of its ten gurus or spiritual teachers.

First of these ten teachers was Guru Nanak, born in 1496, Guru Nanak, like Jesus Christ, did not start new religion. Sikhism just gradually developed as a result of organized activities of people who believed in teachings of Guru Nanak, and considered him as their Guru or spiritual teacher. After Guru Nanak, there was a succession of nine other gurus who were entrusted with the task of carrying on the task of guiding followers of Guru Nanak and in this process, Sikhism emerged as separate religion. The tenth and last Guru of Sikhism, Guru Goving Singh, declared that after him the holy book of Sikhs, containing preachings of Sikh Gurus and some other leading personalities of Hindu philosophy and religion, will be treated as the Guru and there will be no more human Gurus. Thus this book is called Guru Granth Sahib. The philosophy of Sikhism is essentially the same as the ancient Hindu philosophy. The main difference between Sikhism and Hinduism is the rejection of many of the superficial rituals of Hindu religion prevalent at the time of Guru Nanak and other Gurus, which are not a part of the basic Hindu religion. However with passage of time Sikhism adopted its own rituals and traditions.

The main features of Sikhism as practiced now are described below. Sikhism accepts people of all religions, particularly Hindus and Muslims as the children of the same God. It does not believe in discrimination on basis of religion. Sikhism believe in discrimination on the basis of cast or social class. Sikhism does not believe in worship of God in form of images and pictures. Sikhism has no separate order of priesthood. Their places of worship, called Gurudwara are operated by people who are paid for their services or by volunteers. All sikhs are required to always wear five signs of their faith, called five K's. These are Kesh (uncut hair), Kangha (comb), Kripan (dagger or a short sword), Kada (steel wrist band), and Kachha (breeches worn by soldiers). All Sikhs are also required to wear turbans. Sikhism prohibits use tobacco, drugs and alcohol. In particular smoking is strictly prohibited. Sikhism prohibits eating of flesh of any animal or bird not slaughtered in a single stroke. This method of slaughter is called jhatka, which is in contrast to other method called halal.

It is interesting to not that in Muslim religion jhatka is prohibited while halal is accepted. like 1 dislike 0

Question: In the Sikh religion, what name is given to the Holy Book ontaining the teachings of the gurus?
Answer: ADI GRANTH