girl guides - 必应 Sign in Girl Guides Girl Guides and Girl Scouts are movements similar to Scouting originally, and still largely, for girls and women only. It evolved in 1909 from girls wishing to take part in the boy-only Scout movement. In different places around the world, the movement developed in diverse ways. In some places, girls attempted to join Scouting organisations and it was decided that single-gender organisations were a better solution. In other places, girls' groups were started, some of them later to open up to boys or merge with boys' organisations. In other instance ... (展开) s, mixed groups were formed, sometimes to later split. In the same way, the name Girl Guide or Girl Scout has been used by groups at different times and in different places, with some groups changing from one to another. In 1909 Lord Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of Scouting, when faced with an increasing number of girls wishing to take part in Scouting decided that girls should have their own separate movement, and the Girl Guides were founded in the UK in 1910. Many, though by no means all, Girl Guide and Girl Scout groups across the globe trace their roots to this point.

Agnes Baden-Powell, the Baron's sister, was in charge of Girl Guiding in UK in its early years. Other influential people were Juliette Gordon Low, founder of the Girl Scouts of the USA , Olga Drahonowska-Małkowska in Poland and Antoinette Butte in France. The name "Guides" was taken from a famous frontier regiment in the British Indian army, the Corps of Guides, which was noted for its skills in tracking and survival. There has been much discussion about how similar Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting should be to boys' Scouting programs. While many girls saw what the boys were doing and wanted to do it too, girls' organizations have sought to avoid simply copying or mimicking the boys . Julie Bentley, appointed chief executive of the United Kingdom Girl Guides in 2012 and head of the Family Planning Association since 2007, described the Girl Guides in an interview with The Times as "the ultimate feminist organisation." Even when most Scout organisations became mixed-sex, Guiding remained separate in most countries to provide a female-centred programme.

Internationally it is governed by the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) with member organisations in 145 countries. WAGGGS celebrated the centenary of the international Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting Movement over three years, from 2010 to 2012. 有关hong kong girl guides 答 如果是我，肯定也选vibrant。说一个city “energetic" 真是别扭极了。不过vibrant本身就是"多彩的，充满活力的"这种意思，后面再加"with life" 重复了。那道题可能因此才要求选energetic. 纯粹的Chinglish.这句话比较顺耳的说法应该是： Hongkong is a vibrant city, full of life and ex... Girl Guides History Lieutenant-General Robert Baden-Powell was a famous soldier who fought in the Second Anglo-Boer War in South Africa (1899–1902). During the Siege of Mafeking, when the town and British soldiers were besieged by Boer soldiers, Baden-Powell noticed how young boys made themselves useful by carrying messages for the soldiers.

When he came home, he decided to put his Scouting ideas into practice to see if they would work for young boys, and took 21 boys camping on Brownsea Island, near Poole in Dorset. The camp was a success, and Baden-Powell wrote the book Scouting for Boys, which covered tracking, signalling, cooking, etc. Soon boys began to organise themselves into Patrols and Troops and called themselves "Boy Scouts". Girls bought the book as well and formed themselves into Patrols of Girl Scouts. In 1909 there was a Boy Scout Rally at Crystal Palace in London. In those days, for girls to camp and hike was not common, as this excerpt from the Scout newspaper shows: "If a girl is not allowed to run, or even hurry, to swim, ride a bike, or raise her arms above her head, how can she become a Scout?" Among the thousands of Boy Scouts at the rally was a group of girls from Pinkneys Green. They asked Baden-Powell to let girls be Scouts, and he decided to take action. The Corps of Guides was a regiment of the Indian Army that served on the northwest frontier of India.

Baden-Powell persuaded the girl scouts that "Guides" was a very special name of which they could be proud, so in 1910 the Girl Guides began. The first Guide Company was 1st Pinkneys Green Guides (Miss Baden-Powell's Own), who still exist in Pinkneys Green, Maidenhead, Berkshire. There are now millions of Guides worldwide. The World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) was formed to link them together. In some countries, the girls preferred to call themselves ‘Girl Scouts’. Girl Guides Key points Things that are shared amongst all Guide Units are: The Guide Promise – Girls become Guides by making their Promise. Each country has its own Promise, but historically all have the same three parts: duty to God or to your religion, duty to your country and keeping the Guide Law. The Good Turn – Each Guide tries to do a kind thing for someone else, without payment and without being asked, every day. The World Badge – This can be worn on uniform or ordinary clothes. The three leaves of the trefoil stand for the threefold Promise. The vein in the centre is a compass needle, pointing the way and the two stars stand for the Promise and the Law.

The colours stand for the golden sun shining over all the children of the world, from a blue sky. This badge is a guiding symbol that can be recognized all over the world. The World Flag – This is in the same colours as the World Badge and can be carried or flown by any member of the movement. It is often used as the Unit Flag. The three yellow blocks represent the threefold Promise and the white corner represents the commitment to peace of all WAGGGs' members. The Guide Sign – The three fingers stand for the three parts of the Promise. The Guide sign is used when making or renewing the Promise and can be used when meeting other Guides. It may also be used when receiving a badge or at the end of meetings. The Motto – "Be Prepared" – This means that Guides are ready to cope with anything that might come their way. The left handshake – This is the way members of the Movement greet each other. The left hand is the one nearest the heart, so symbolizing friendship. Additionally, warriors held their shield in the left hand, so putting down your shield means that you are vulnerable, making it a display of both bravery and trust.

Thinking Day – On 22 February each year, Guides think of their Guide sisters all around the world. The date was chosen at a World Conference because it was the birthday of both the Founder and the World Chief Guide. The World Centres – There are four Guide homes in different parts of the world: Our Chalet in Switzerland; Pax Lodge in London; Our Cabana in Mexico; and Sangam in India. The World Chief Guide – Olave, Lady Baden-Powell is the only person ever to have been World Chief Guide. She was the wife of the Founder, Lord Baden-Powell of Gilwell, and lived from 1889 to 1977. Two central themes have been present from the earliest days of the movement: domestic skills and "a kind of practical feminism which embodies physical fitness, survival skills, camping, citizenship training, and career preparation". These two themes have been emphasised differently at different times and by different groups, but have remained central to Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting. Girl Guides Uniforms Individual national or other emblems may be found on the individual country's Scouting article. The uniform is a specific characteristic of Scouting.

Robert Baden-Powell said it "hides all differences of social standing in a country and makes for equality; but, more important still, it covers differences of country and race and creed, and makes all feel that they are members with one another of the one great brotherhood". In the 1909 The Scheme for Girl Guides, the uniform for the newly emerging movement was given as: Jersey of company colour. Neckerchief of company colour. Skirt, knickers, stockings, dark blue. Cap - red biretta, or in summer, large straw hat. Haversack, cooking billy, lanyard and knife, walking stick or light staff. Cape, hooked up on the back. Shoulder knot, of the 'Group' colour on the left shoulder. Badges, much the same as the Boy Scouts. Officers wear ordinary country walking-dress, with biretta of dark blue, white shoulder knot, walking stick, and whistle on lanyard. Guide uniform varies within cultures, climates and the activities undertaken. They are often adorned with badges indicating a Guide's achievements and responsibilities. In some places, uniforms are manufactured and distributed by approved companies and the local Guiding organization.

In other places, members make uniforms themselves. ^ "Our History". WAGGGS. 2004. Archived from the original on 2007-06-08. Retrieved 2007-07-09. ^ ^ "Girl Guiding and Ultimate Feminism". Mookychick. 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-15. ^ World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts. "Membership". Retrieved 8 February 2013. ^ Scout Headquarters Gazette 1909 ^ a b The Guide Handbook, London: The Guide Association, 1996 ^ ^ Aickin Rothschild, Mary (Autumn 1981). "To Scout or to Guide? The Girl Scout-Boy Scout Controversy, 1912-1941". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies (University of Nebraska Press) 6 (3): 115–121. doi:10.2307/3346224. ISSN0160-9009. JSTOR3346224.

^ The Glasgow Herald - Oct 25, 1943 Helping Victims in Occupied Lands. Girl Guides' Service ^ Guiding hand took on world Nancy Eastick, 1920-2011 The Sydney Morning Herald April 2nd, 2011 ^ Hampton, Janie (2010). How the Girl Guides Won the War. HarperPress. ^ Liddell, Alix (1976). Story of the Girl Guides 1938-1975. London: Girl Guides Association. ^ Wade, E.K. (1957). "27 Years With Baden-Powell" (PDF). Why the Uniform?, ch 12. Pinetree.web. Retrieved 2006-07-24. ^ Kerr, Rose (1976). Story of the Girl Guides 1908-1938. London: Girl Guides Association.

1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2009–10 1301.0 - Year Book Australia, 2009–10 Previous ISSUE Released at 11:30 AM (CANBERRA TIME) 04/06/2010 Year Book Australia, 2009-10: Media story leads (Media Release) FEATURE ARTICLE 4: GIRL GUIDES – LEADING THE WAY FOR AUSTRALIAN GIRLS AND YOUNG WOMEN In 2010 Girl Guides Australia is celebrating ‘100 years of changing lives’. One hundred years of enabling girls and young women to grow into confident, self respecting, responsible community members - young women who are empowered to become the community leaders of tomorrow, who care about the environment and the people of their local and global communities, and are willing to go that extra mile to serve these communities. Girl Guides Australia is a volunteer led organisation, with volunteers operating at all levels, from the Chief Commissioner at the head of the organisation to the Leaders and Guide supporters at the local level.

In recognition of Guiding’s positive contribution to Australian society, in September 2009 the Prime Minister Kevin Rudd and Minister for the Status for Women, Tanya Plibersek, announced that 2010 will be the Australian Year of the Girl Guide, in association with the organisation’s centenary. Since Guiding’s first advocates confronted Lord Baden-Powell at Crystal Palace in 1909 demanding to join the Scouting movement, millions of girls and young women throughout the world have enjoyed exciting and fun filled programs delivered in a safe, supportive ‘girls only’ space that has inspired them to develop their individual leadership and life skills and provided them with a platform to have their voices heard to make the world a better place. The WAGGGS (World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts) Global Action Theme (GAT) has girls worldwide saying “together we can change our world”. As we celebrate the Centenary of Guiding worldwide we recognise that Guiding has changed the lives of millions of girls and young women and their communities for 100 years. Among the many prominent women who have made the Guide Promise is Quentin Bryce, Australia’s first female Governor-General.

‘I was a Brownie and what I loved most about those times were the special games we played and the little rituals we took part in. Being a Guide means learning to care for others, doing the best they can and, of course, having fun in the bush’, she says. In 2010, this global force of 10 million girls and women in 145 countries is still doing its best, from tackling issues of poverty and literacy in developing nations to helping out at the local animal shelter and handing out water to our Diggers at Anzac Day. In Australia, over one million Australians have been or are Girl Guides. Back to top HISTORY OF GUIDING - CELEBRATING OUR PAST Guiding sprang from the Scouting movement, so our history began early in the 1900s with Lord Baden-Powell - B-P as he became known - developing the concept of Scouting during his days as a British soldier in India and Africa. He successfully applied these methods to boys at an experimental camp on Brownsea Island in England in 1907. 1909 Girls speak out The first Scout rally at Crystal Palace in London was the starting point for Guiding.

A group of girls stood behind the Boy Scouts at the rally. The girls wore the long skirts required at the time but they also wore khaki shirts, scout hats and scarves and leather belts. They demanded the right to be recognised as girl scouts and to be allowed to follow the same program as the boys - despite prevailing attitudes to girls. ‘If a girl is not allowed to run, or even hurry, to swim, ride a bike, or raise her arms above her head, how can she become a Scout?’, said B-P in The Scout Gazette. Her Excellency, Ms. Quentin Bryce, Governor-General of Australia and Patron of Girl Guides Australia with young Guiding women. But by the end of the year he had published a pamphlet The Aim of Scouting for Boys, with a suggestion for a similar scheme of character training for girls ‘… with details more suited to the sex.’ His sister Agnes agreed to help run a girls’ movement, and together they wrote A Scheme for Girls and How girls can help to build up the empire was published - the first Guide handbook. Why ‘Guides’? In India, B-P met up with a group of soldiers called guides whom he much admired.

They played a reconnaissance role and were physically fit, enterprising, self-disciplined and cheerful, qualities still emphasised by the Guide program today. B-P also named the girls Guides for the fit, courageous mountaineering guides of Switzerland. ‘The term “Guides” was intended to give an idea of romance and adventure.’ B-P Back to top 1910 Girl Guides begins In May of that year girls were invited to register as Girl Guides and the Girl Guides Association officially began operating in the UK, with Agnes Baden-Powell acting as President. Guiding swept across the world. In Australia the movement began under various names in different States, for example the Australian League of Girl Aids in New South Wales, the Peace Scouts in Tasmania and the Red Cross Girl Aids in Victoria. Guiding developed independently in each State over the next few years until its official start in 1911. By 1945 Guiding was active in every state and territory around Australia. 1912 Appearance of Olave B-P married Olave St Clair Soames, who joined him in leading Scouting and Guiding.

Lord and Lady B-P shared a birthday, 22 February, and this is celebrated annually as World Thinking Day. Girl Guides and Girl Scouts worldwide reflect on, and raise funds for, fellow members less fortunate than themselves. Other key events in a century of Guiding include: 1926 Federal Council of the Girl Guides Associations of Australia formed. 1928 World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts formed - Australia as founding member. 1931 First visit of Lord and Lady B-P to Australia. 1939 World War II declared. Guides around the world assisted with the war effort. 1943 Australian branch of Guide International Service formed with 24 Australian volunteers giving service in Malaya, Germany and Holland. Other Guide members in Australia raised funds and sourced supplies, dispatching them regularly to needy areas. The Australian team in Malaya vaccinated thousands of people against smallpox, preventing an epidemic. 1947 Australian Guides donate the ingredients for the Queen’s wedding cake. 1951 First international Guide camp in Australia. 1958 Ice Cream for the Chief Fund established - every Guide asked to donate the cost of an ice cream to a fund for the Chief.

1960 Special postage stamp to celebrate 50 years of Guiding. 1971 First international training for trainers hosted by Australia. 1975 First Australian handbooks for girls published, replacing British based handbooks. 1986 Bangladesh Australia Child Health Project established. Teams assist with child health education, improving sanitation and promoting health and hygiene among villagers in Bangladesh. 1996 Australian Guide Program introduced - first program designed specifically for Australian Guides. 1996 Australian Adult Leadership Program launched - national competency-based leadership development program for adult members. 2000 New Recognition System - optional challenge and award system for girls - introduced to complement the Australian Guide Program. 2000 Millennium camp held in Queensland with over 2000 Guides and Leaders celebrating the new millennium. 2005 Guiding Overseas Linked with Development Project established - assisting with implementation of life skills program planning for both Leaders and youth members in Thailand. 2010 Centenary of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts; declared Year of the Girl Guide in Australia. ‘The Guide Movement came simply because it was needed by the children.

They practically invented it because they took hold of it and brought it to where it is.’ Lady B-P Back to top GUIDING IN AUSTRALIA TODAY - LIVING THE PRESENT Today’s Guiding skills may have moved on but the principles endure and are as relevant as ever according to Lynne Price, Girl Guides Australia’s Chief Commissioner, ‘Guiding activities are driven by the girls so they reflect the times but they’re underpinned by lasting values that empower young women and foster leadership and a strong sense of service.’ The girl is the central focus of the Program. The Australian Guide Program (AGP) encourages the girl to develop herself in the areas of physical development, practical skills, and in relationships with people. Physical - participating actively; focussing on the environment and the outdoors. People - making friends and developing long-lasting friendships; developing an understanding and respect for others. Practical - learning by doing; learning everyday living skills that can be integrated in all areas of life. Self - development and appreciation of the individual; gaining personal growth through challenging the girl as an individual. The seven fundamental areas of Guiding form the basis of the Program upon which Unit meetings are developed and implemented. Keeping the Promise and Law is our underlying code of living.

Enjoying the outdoors offers active adventure and awareness of the environment. Giving service encourages a sense of community. Exploring world Guiding builds peace and understanding. Sharing in Guiding traditions gives a sense of history and belonging. Experiencing leadership development improves skills for life. Participating in the Patrol System develops teamwork skills. The philosophy of the AGP is based on the importance of the process used in working towards an outcome, rather than on the activity itself. The AGP process involves five steps: discovering needs and options, deciding goals, planning activities, doing activities, evaluating. When Guides plan their own Unit meetings, they gain confidence in choosing activities to suit their needs and learn the important skill of self-determination. A program, the Olave Program, specifically designed for 18 to 30 year olds, provides opportunities for participants to challenge themselves at a personal level through a flexible network, with a focus on service. The Olave Program enables young women to further develop as confident, self-respecting responsible global community members. Girl Guides Australia welcomes youth members from the age of five years up to eighteen years, of whom around 77% are aged between five and twelve. Adult members are women from the age of eighteen years.

As of the 2008 Guide Census, Girl Guides Australia had 1790 Guide Units with 28,362 members across Australia. Girl Guides Australia is an inclusive organisation, with the Program also catering for girls and Leaders with special needs (through regular or special needs Units) and for Lone Guides - those whose distance from Guide Units, state of health or family circumstances mean that they cannot attend regular Guide meetings. Instead they receive resource material by Internet or mail and join with other Guides at camps and award ceremonies. A dedicated group of female adult volunteers (called Leaders) are trained to develop Guides in all facets of the AGP. The Leader is the facilitator and the AGP provides a framework to allow for individual interpretation, ensuring that a range of learning styles and intelligences are catered for. Support is provided to all volunteers with each Leader receiving a mentor (or Guiding Partner) and training from other appropriately qualified volunteers with a wealth of experience. The Australian Adult Leadership program provides Leaders and other members with leadership skills and opportunities for further development. Members have the option of working towards nationally accredited workplace qualifications in leadership and frontline management.

'Recent research from the United Kingdom confirms what we have always suspected - that girls involved with Guiding stand out among their peers in their commitment to volunteering, community action and their responsibilities as world citizens' ( End note 1 ). "Guides Say" Research ( End note 2 ) In 2007, Girl Guides Australia conducted a national survey of Guides aged between 5 and 17 years old, to identify the issues affecting girls and young women at a global, national and local level. The spectrum of age, geographical location, cultural background and personal circumstances, provided a rich understanding of both the similarities and differences of young girls across all walks of life in Australia, giving the survey's findings depth and power. A total of 4,500 girls participated from across all Australian States. The majority of Guides who responded were from metropolitan areas (53%), with 24% in regional areas and 23% in rural areas. At a global level, all areas were most concerned with the environment, global warming and poverty while at a local level the environment and addictions were ranked highest. Water was also ranked in the top four for regional and rural areas.

The most variety in responses occurred at a local level, where Guides raised issues specific to their area. Young Women's Forum 2009 "Taking the Lead through Advocacy" Fifty Australian Guides and two New Zealand Guides aged 14-30 years participated at this exciting new event held in January 2009 in Sydney, hosted by Girl Guides Australia to develop girls and young women’s advocacy skills.

The training centred on the 2009 WAGGGS messages which have been aligned to the United Nations’ Millennium Development Goals (MDG): girls worldwide say “together we can end extreme poverty and hunger” girls worldwide say “education opens doors for all girls and boys” girls worldwide say “empowering girls will change our world” girls worldwide say “together we can save children’s lives” girls worldwide say “every mother’s life and health is precious” girls worldwide say “we can stop the spread of AIDS, malaria and other diseases” girls worldwide say “we can save our planet” girls worldwide say “we can create peace through partnerships” Back to top A highlight was the panel of speakers from Oxfam, World Vision, Clean up Australia, UNIFEM, UNICEF, Medecins sans Frontieres, Mrs Judith Poole, Headmistress of Abbotsleigh School, and Dr Gabrielle Casper, Past President of Medical Women’s International Association who came and shared their expertise on the Millennium Development Goals and guest speaker Clary Castrission, the inspirational founder of 40K Home Foundation with its focus on Australian youth eradicating poverty by partnering education projects in the developing world. Copenhagen Climate Change Summit.

International advocacy and Guiding Girl Guides Australia is dedicated to advocating on the issues identified as important to our members and to providing the skills and the opportunities for them to speak out on these issues - whether they are matters of concern at a global level, in their communities or something that affects them in Guiding. Four young Australian women represented the country and Guiding at the Copenhagen Climate Change Summit (COP 15) in Denmark in December 2009. Allison Hooper, 24 years, Petina Blackwell, 25 years, and Nellie Mair, 25 years, joined 19 young women from around the world at COP15 to form the WAGGGS youth delegation in support of environmental protection. Linden Edgell, an Australian who is Deputy Chair of WAGGGS, led the delegation. Also in Denmark was Tasmanian Guide Leader, Abyilene McGuire, 26 years, who joined the Australian Koala Foundation’s (AKF) delegation on behalf of Girl Guides Australia. Abyilene promoted the plight of the koala and the effects of climate change on the much loved native Australian animal.

Hailing from the Northern Territory, Queensland, Victoria and Tasmania, the young women - who were selected by Girl Guides Australia for their passion for the environment as well as their leadership skills and service to the community - spoke on behalf of Guiding on the importance of preventing climate change and global warming. They advocated that ‘girls should be at the centre of efforts to combat climate change’. Back to top In October 2009 young volunteer leader, Elizabeth Drysdale, participated in the Asia Pacific Beijing +15 forum in Manila, Philippines, at which women’s Non-government organisation representatives from the Asia Pacific discussed the progress that has been made towards achieving the Beijing Declaration and platform for action, in preparation for the UN Commission on the Status for Women Conference to be held in New York in March 2010. In March 2010, another young volunteer Susanna Matters, will attend the New York conference as part of the WAGGGS delegation. Young volunteer Leaders, Amy Spark and Emma Gillett, have been selected to represent Australia at the inaugural Young Women’s World Forum in October 2010.

At this forum they will share experiences and develop a declaration outlining what WAGGGS and its members, national governments and other parts of civil society should be doing to achieve the Millennium Development Goals by 2015. Delegates will also make a commitment to undertake a project in their own country. Images from the centenary project. Community Partnerships Through community partnerships, Guides are able to support their local communities in a positive and meaningful way. Some of Girl Guides Australia’s current national partners are as follows. Clean Up Australia In 2009, 218 registered Guide Clean Up sites supported Clean Up Australia Day in March across Australia and undertook a range of local projects to clean up their local environment. Australian Koala Foundation Girl Guides Australia and the Australian Koala Foundation launched Save the Koala temporary tattoos for sale at $2 a tattoo to raise funds in 2009 for the Foundation. Girl Guides Australia is a Gold Sponsor of the Australian Koala Foundation.

Harmony Day In 2008, 179 Guide Units across Australia joined with Scouts Australia, Woolworths Limited and the Department of Immigration and Citizenship to mark Harmony Day on 21 March by holding barbecues, raffles and displays at Woolworths stores in every State to increase public understanding of the diverse community in which we live. National Tree Day On 2 August 2009 Girl Guides participated in Planet Ark’s National Tree Planting Day - planting native shrubs and trees in their local communities across Australia to protect the environment. Back to top Cork Recycling In 2008 Girl Guides Australia collected 36,529 kg of corks for recycling. This was a lower volume than in previous years, possibly reflecting the trend of cork alternatives for wine bottle closures. The income from cork recycling is used by State Guide organisations to help fund delivery of the Guide program. Particular activities in the Centenary Year The theme for the Centenary of Guiding world wide - “Girls worldwide say…100 years of changing lives” - communicates Guiding as a movement that has remained relevant and viable from the Victorian era to the one we enjoy today.

Girl Guides Australia also recognises that to continue to be a growing movement, we must review our practices and operations regularly. The Australian Girl Guides centenary commenced in September 2009 and will conclude in February 2011. Our centenary theme is celebrating our past, living the present and powering into the future. Girls Celebrate Centenary Launch The Girl Guides Australia Centenary was launched in Brisbane in September 2009 at Girls Celebrate - a festival of fun and activities to celebrate the 1910 Crystal Palace Rally and promote advocacy - with nearly 3,000 Guides attending. At Girls Celebrate: Participants learned about the following issues identified in the 2007 Guides Say research - poverty, global warming and the environment, world peace, discovering your potential, lifestyle, littering, water, animal cruelty, health (physical and mental) and bullying. Federal Minister Hon Kate Ellis MP, Minister for Early Childhood Education, Childcare and Youth, Minister for Sport, launched two new national partnerships with UNICEF and Clean Up Australia. Linden Edgell, Deputy Chair of the World Board, described the importance of strategic partnerships for increasing the impact of Guiding in the community.

Jacqui Siebel, national Olave Program Manager and Anna Dekkar, Advocacy Manager UNICEF Australia, launched the Centenary International Service Challenge, Girls unite to read and write. Guides, using specially created education and activity packs, will explore the issue of equal access to education for children and young people worldwide (MDG 2). Guides will also raise funds to support a UNICEF development project to promote girls’ education in Papua New Guinea by making the education system safer and friendlier for girls while raising awareness in the community of the importance of girls’ education. Abyilene McGuire, Olave Program participant, with Terrie Ann Johnson, CEO of Clean Up Australia, launched a mobile phone recycling partnership. Girl Guides Australia will receive $1.50 for every mobile phone recycled and will be helping lead the way to bring about environmental change (MDG 7). Only 3% of mobile phones purchased in Australia are currently recycled. Centenary Challenge A special Centenary badge, the Centenary Challenge, provides Guides across Australia with the opportunity to develop their skills in a variety of areas from self awareness to global responsibility through a series of personal challenges. A Gold Centenary Challenge is available for those wanting an extra challenge.

International Service Challenge Members will undertake a new International service project in collaboration with UNICEF - Girls unite to read and write. New Partnerships – UNICEF. Australian Service Challenge Members will participate in a series of activities to increase their understanding of people with disabilities and provide service to disability organisations. Girl Guides Centenary Coin By June 2010 the Royal Australia Mint will produce a circulating $1 coin to commemorate Guiding and its Centenary. Centenary Stamps Australia Post will issue three stamps, one domestic and two international, in September 2010 to commemorate the Centenary of Guiding. ACE - Australian Centenary Event In January 2010, 2500 Guides aged 10-17 and volunteer Leaders will participate in an International Centenary Camp at Geelong, Victoria. Power Up Also in January 2010, 100 18-30 year old members will participate in a learning and development program focusing on event management, public relations and media skills. At the conclusion of the workshop they will have identified an issue they care about and developed a plan of action to advocate on this issue to the broader community.

They will also learn about decision making and governance so that they can take up active roles in committees and governance bodies across Girl Guides Australia. Back to top World Thinking Day On 22 February 2010, members will participate in a program of activities based on the WAGGGS theme ‘together we can end extreme poverty and hunger’. New uniform In February 2010 Girl Guides Australia will be launching a modern, practical, vibrant and attractive uniform range for girls and adults. The new uniform has been designed based on the feedback from our 2007 Guides say, our Uniform project that all youth members, parents of youth members and adults were invited to participate in. Leadership for Life The Governor General, her Excellency Quentin Bryce, will launch an inspirational coffee table book on 28 February 2010. The book tells the stories of 100 women from across Australia from all walks of life and professions who have contributed to Guiding or who attribute their personal success in life in some small way to Guiding. International Women’s Day On 8 March 2010 Guides will participate in UNIFEM breakfasts across Australia.

Clean Up Australia Day Every Unit will be encouraged to participate in the Clean Up Australia program. Centenary Celebration Day Guide Units across Australia will have their own special party event on the 100th day of the year using the WAGGGS theme ‘plant’ and the WAGGGS activity pack when they will connect with the communities in which they live. Be the change In April 2010, 25 young Guides aged 14 to 30 will help the United Nations in their efforts to eliminate poverty by 2015 by participating in an AusAID funded National MDG and advocacy workshop. This will be followed by a series of state based workshops which will be organised by these young women in August 2010. Around 30 people will attend each state based workshop to increase awareness of the MDGs within Guiding and across the broader community. State workshop participants will then take action on one or more of the MDGs and raise awareness of the MDGs in their local community. Anzac Day Guides across Australia will participate in Anzac vigils, marches, services and breakfasts on 25 April 2010.

100 Downunder All Units will participate in a program of activities based on the Arts at a regional or State level. Guide biscuits with special centenary packaging will be sold in June 2010 in Guide Biscuit month. Chain of Campfires Guides will participate in a Chain of Campfires across the nation and will be provided with a Campfire program, including two songs composed for the Centenary. World Environment Day Guides will participate in a series of activities to work out their Global Footprint, together with ideas for reducing carbon emissions and minimising their impact on the environment. National Tree Planting Day This program will provide Guide Units with trees and shrubs to plant in temperate areas across Australia. Australian Guides Say Strengthening Girl Guides Australia’s position as the leader of insight in the Australian female market, a new Guides Say survey in August 2010 will determine key issues impacting Australian females in the 7-30 year old age group. UK Centenary Camp Girl Guiding UK will be celebrating 100 years of Guiding with Girl Guides and Girl Scouts from across the world; to be held at Harewood House, Leeds.

Go Girl Units will undertake a program of activities for Guides of all ages that encourages positive self-esteem and a healthy lifestyle. Flying the Flag Every member across Australia will renew their Promise at 10am 10/10/10 and the World Flag will be flown at every possible location across Australia. A program of activities based on the Promise & Law will be held in conjunction with the Promise Renewal. WAGGGS Young Women’s World Forum This forum being hosted by Girl Guiding UK in London, England, will focus on the UN Millennium Development Goals. Tropical Tree Planting Day Back to top Looking forward - Powering into the future Giving girls new experiences, new challenges and new ways to grow has been the organisation’s focus for 100 years and its goal is to continue to transform girls’ lives for the next 100 years. The WAGGGS Centenary celebrations will continue until 2012 when Girl Scouts USA celebrates its centenary of Guiding.

In 2011 and 2012 Australian Guides will continue to participate in global centenary events, including World Thinking Day in 2011 (‘empowering girls will change our world’) and in 2012 (‘we can save our planet’). Girl Guides Australia will continue to build the advocacy skills of our girls and young women to give girls a local, national and international voice so that they are heard by governments and the community on the issues that are important to them and in a way that can influence change. At a vital time in girl’s personal and social development, as evidenced by the recent neuroscience research on how girls learn( End note 3 ) , we will continue to provide a safe, inclusive ‘girls only’ space where girls, by being themselves, can focus on achieving their potential and thrive. We will continue to promote diversity and equality as Guiding helps develop girls and young women to their best, at their level in their way. We will remain relevant to today’s girls. Empowering girls and young women has always been our focus. Guides will be increasingly challenged by a program that extends beyond badges and will continue to get involved in anything from girl led community projects to volunteering in developing countries.

Our hope is that more and more girls from urban and rural communities, reflecting the rich cultural and ethnic diversity of our society and all socio-economic groups, can become active Guide members. To achieve this we will attract more female volunteers of all ages who will personally grow and develop their leadership skills through working with girls and young women to build the leaders of tomorrow. END NOTES 1 . Active Citizenship: Girls Shout Out!. Political Outsider: we care, but will we vote? A research report by Girl Guiding UK. 2 . Guides Say… Project. A research report by Girl Guides Australia 2008. 3 . Girls will be Girls Raising Confident and Courageous Daughters by Joann Deak Ph.D., with Teresa Barker Hyperion New York 2002. References Girl Guiding/Girl Scouting: a challenging movement. World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, 1997. From a flicker to a flame by Margaret Coleman and Honor Darling. Girl Guides Association of Australia Inc, 1989.

Websites History of Irish Girl Guides History of Irish Girl Guides Staff and Volunteers History of Irish Girl Guides The first Boy Scout rally was held in 1909 at The Crystal Palace in London. It attracted 10,000 boys and several hundred uninvited girls. When writing his book, Scouting for Boys, Robert Baden-Powell had recognised that girls could make good Scouts but was not prepared for the many bands of girls in different variations of the Scout uniform who turned up at Crystal Palace. Baden-Powell himself admitted how well the girls were suited to his Scouting programme and lamented he hadn’t found time to devise a programme for them. So Baden-Powell and his sister, Agnes, set about adapting Scouting for Boys for girls and together they wrote How Girls Can Help to Build up the Empire (1912). In 1910 Baden-Powell gave the Girl Scouts the name of Girl Guides. A year later the Baden-Powell Guide movement started in Ireland. It operated under the umbrella of the UK association and ‘Headquarters’ was in London. The first company started in Ireland was in Harold’s Cross in Dublin in September 1911.

The movement spread quickly throughout the country. The outbreak of World War I in 1914 provided Guides and Scouts with an ideal theatre to show their skills and use them in a practical way. In April 1915 over 200 Guides came together and gave a display in the Metropolitan Hall, Abbey Street. In 1919 it was reported that ‘the Brownies have flourished exceedingly, and at present nearly every Guide Company runs a Brownie pack'. They had their own handbook, Brownies and Bluebirds, and "have grown to be very important little people". The beginning of the new decade heralded the creation of a Senior Branch of Girl Guides known as the Rangers. The period between the two World Wars was one of huge expansion for the Girl Guides in Ireland. The organisation had moved into all counties in the South by the end of the decade but the early 1920s in Ireland was a time of great unrest. The War of Independence and Civil War were deeply troubling for the people of Ireland and as a result Guide Company meetings were held irregularly, quietly and under difficulties. Guiding remained strong in Dublin but struggled in other counties.

The tensions did not diminish Guide numbers and, though they were restricted in their public displays, Companies still managed to meet. The Guide spirit could not be dampened. In 1920 Ireland was divided into North and South and Ireland gained Dominion Status from Britain in 1922. Ireland was still part of the British Commonwealth of Nations but had control of its own internal affairs. However, it was not until Lady Baden-Powell, when visiting in 1928, suggested that the Girl Guides in Southern Ireland should seek dominion status within the International movement that moves were made to create a new organisation. The next two years were dedicated to creating a new national organisation which would be known as the Irish Free State Girl Guides (IFSGG). Lady Sybil Powerscourt was appointed as the first Chief Commissioner. The Guide flag was made up of the Cross of St. Patrick with the World Guide Badge in the centre. In 1932 the IFSGG were represented at the World Conference of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts, in Poland as a separate member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS). That year they also hosted Ireland’s first International Camp (a tradition which has continued to the present).

The camp was held in conjunction with the Eucharistic Congress which was being held in Dublin, 21-26 June, 1932. In October 1935, the Executive Committee took a lease for a headquarters at the top floor of 5 Dawson Street. Unexpectedly the lease was not renewed the following year and new premises had to be found at 28 St. Frederick Street. They stayed there for 11 years, moving to 16 St Stephen’s Green in 1947 and from there to their current headquarters in 27 Pembroke Park in 1974. In 1938 the IFSGG had to change names again, when the Free State changed its name to Eire. The IFSGG recognised this fact in March 1938 when they voted to change their name from the Irish Free State Girl Guides to the simpler (and to-date unchanged) Irish Girl Guides (IGG). As the great powers of Europe built inexorably towards war, Ireland declared a state of emergency in September 1939. The war years were particularly busy for IGG.

Early in 1939 Guides had written to the government offering the services of their adult members in the event of war breaking out. The government saw the worth of a well-organised, socially-minded group of volunteers. When Guides in Belfast were unfortunate subjects of bombing by German planes, IGG raised £70 which they sent to alleviate any loss that might have been suffered in the raids. May 1943 saw the first publication of Trefoil News (a now monthly publication received by all adult and young Leaders). In 1946 a camp was planned at St Columba’s College for Dutch and French Guides who had had difficult times during the war. The plane carrying the French Guides got lost en route to Ireland and crashed into Djouce Mountain in Wicklow. Luckily there were no fatalities but most of the visitors spent their time in Ireland in hospital. Also in 1946 the Chief Guide visited Ireland. She stayed for 10 days during which she visited Cork, Sligo, Dundalk, Waterford, Bray and Dublin.

In 1947 the Irish Girl Guides presented a Ford V8 van, the Arethusa, to the World Bureau for the ‘encouragement of Guiding wherever it has sprung up after the war and needs help’. In 1950 the World Chief Guide visited Ireland for the official opening of the Baden-Powell Memorial Cottage in Enniskerry, Co. Wicklow. This was the first of IGG's outdoor training centres and is the national memorial to Lord and Lady Baden-Powell. In 1953 Trefoil Guild was formed to provide an organisation for enrolled members who on ceasing to be actively connected with Guiding, wished to remain in the movement. By the early 1970s membership had begun to increase more rapidly and a policy of regionalisation was introduced. The country was divided into seven regions for administrative purposes and in 1971 the first Leaders’ and Commissioners’ Conference was held in Waterford. In 1982 the Young Leader Scheme was formed for 15-18 year olds under the auspices of the National Training Committee.

In 1984 three Rangers from Cork were the first IGG team to take part in the Explorer Belt which was run that year in Sweden. 1985 was a busy year for Guides, since it was both International Youth Year and the 75th anniversary of the founding of Girl Guides. However, while Irish Guides celebrated the international start of Guiding, the official 75th anniversary of Irish Guiding was not held until the following year, in 1986. The 75th anniversary was celebrated with “a thanksgiving and celebration for 75 years of Guiding”, which was held in the National Concert Hall. 1985 also saw a test run of a new branch, Ladybirds. By 1988 Guides could report that "Ladybirds … has proved popular and additional units have been started". In September 1989 the Ladybirds were officially launched by Minister for Education Mary O’Rourke. In 1987 the first Chief Commissioner’s Award was held in the West of Ireland. It was inspired by the three Rangers who had travelled to Sweden for the Explorer Belt.

The event was not held again until 1993 and since then it has become a firm fixture in the Guiding calendar. In the 1970s the Catholic Guides of Ireland (CGI) expressed a wish to become members of WAGGGS. IGG and CGI, with assistance from the World Bureau, began working towards coming together and in December 1992 it was agreed to establish Comhairle Bantreoraithe na hEireann or Council of Irish Guiding Associations (CIGA). In July 1993, at the 28th World Conference in Denmark, CIGA was ratified as a full member of WAGGGS and was recognised as continuing Full Membership first gained by the Irish Girl Guides in 1932. The Council consists of IGG and CGI on behalf of their members resident in the Republic of Ireland. In 1997 the Guide Law was updated, following consultation with members. A Code of Ethics and a screening procedure for leaders were also introduced. IGG also produced its first Mission Statement.

In 1998 the IGG website was launched and preparations for the 30th World Conference, which was to be held in University College Dublin in 1999, were well under way. The World Conference, along with the international 'Camp Aisling', was a huge success and showcased CIGA's ability to organise world class events. Guiding was riding high at the turn of the 21st century. The year 2000 saw almost 2,000 shoeboxes of gifts filled by members of IGG for Operation Christmas Child. In 2001 foot and mouth disease called a halt to Guide meetings for several weeks as the Government asked organisations to cancel all public meetings. This did not stop IGG selling thousands of mince pies on behalf of the CREW network. 2002 marked the beginning of a review of all uniform in the association and a service project took place at Bethel Children's Home in Londiani, Kenya. In 2005 the Further Education and Training Awards Council (FETAC) launched a ‘Guiding Module’. In 2006 the first IGG Explorer Belt was held in Sweden, with two teams receiving the award.

Crumlin Hospital Guide Unit opened in 2008 - the first of its kind in Ireland - and IGG's new Outreach Resource Pack was launched by Barry Andrews TD. Ladybirds celebrated their 20th birthday in 2009, the same year as IGG's Code of Ethics module was launched. In 2010 a new logo and uniform was introduced and the Promise was updated to be more inclusive. The first 100 years of IGG were a thrilling adventure and our Centenary celebrations in 2011, which included 6,000+ IGG members taking over Semple Stadium in Thurles, were a great time of reflection on the past as well as a perfect send off into the next 100 years. An international Camp 101 saw over 1500 Girl Guides and Girl Scouts from 13 countries descend on Lough Key Forest Park in Co Roscommon in July 2012. The theme was the Millennium Development Goals and a Global Action Theme resource pack containing activities related to the goals was launched the same year.

50 IGG members also visited Michael D Higgins in Áras an Uachtaráin in April and later in the year IGG's strategic plan was launched as well as the organisation's first tagline - 'Giving Girls Confidence'. IGG was awarded its fourth Gold Health Quality Mark by the National Youth Council of Ireland in 2013. We held our first National Skipathon and adopted WAGGGS's Voices Against Violence curriculum. In 2014 Brownies will celebrate their Centenary with 3,000 IGG members taking over Dublin Zoo on 12th April. We have much to celebrate and to be proud of and we must remember those who began the adventure and always aim to keep their spirit alive!

Question: Within one year either way, in what year was the Girl Guides Association formed?
Answer: 1910