No Fear Shakespeare: Julius Caesar: Act 3, Scene 2, Page 4 No Fear Shakespeare Home → No Fear Shakespeare → Julius Caesar → Act 3, Scene 2, Page 4 Julius Caesar What does he say of Brutus? FOURTH PLEBEIAN What does he say about Brutus? THIRD PLEBEIAN He says for Brutus' sake He finds himself beholding to us all. THIRD PLEBEIAN He says that for Brutus’s sake he finds himself indebted to us all. FOURTH PLEBEIAN 'Twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here. FOURTH PLEBEIAN He’d better not speak badly of Brutus here. FIRST PLEBEIAN This Caesar was a tyrant. FIRST PLEBEIAN We are blest that Rome is rid of him. THIRD PLEBEIAN That’s for sure. We’re lucky that Rome is rid of him. 70 Peace! Let us hear what Antony can say. SECOND PLEBEIAN Quiet! Let’s hear what Antony has to say. ANTONY Peace, ho! Let us hear him. ALL Quiet there! Let us hear him.

75 Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears. I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interrèd with their bones. So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious. If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answered it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest— For Brutus is an honorable man; So are they all, all honorable men— Come I to speak in Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me. But Brutus says he was ambitious, And Brutus is an honorable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill. ANTONY Friends, Romans, countrymen, give me your attention. I have come here to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do is remembered after their deaths, but the good is often buried with them. It might as well be the same with Caesar. The noble Brutus told you that Caesar was ambitious. If that’s true, it’s a serious fault, and Caesar has paid seriously for it.

With the permission of Brutus and the others—for Brutus is an honorable man; they are all honorable men—I have come here to speak at Caesar’s funeral. He was my friend, he was faithful and just to me. But Brutus says he was ambitious, and Brutus is an honorable man. He brought many captives home to Rome whose ransoms brought wealth to the city. The Evil That Men Do Lives After... (update... with correction) The Evil That Men Do Lives After... (update... with correction) Thursday Apr 09, 2009 · 12:57 PM PDT 2009/04/09 · 12:57 × Tag History We are living in a world that amply illustrates Shakespeare's lines from Julius Ceasar The evil that men do lives after them; the good is oft interred with their bones.. and I mean especially the aftereffects of conquest, colonization, mass migration, invasion, suppression and ethnic cleansing intended or even incidental.

Every place in the world with trouble almost always derives from an injustice or a controversial change in domination or movement of people who's memory the winner's descendants defend and justify or, if they have largely forgotten, the losers have not and may in fact have a festering and re-interpreted extreme memory of what came before and keep it alive and thirst for revenge or justice all out of proportion to the original crimes or wrongs even when it may have happened hundreds of years before. And in the background who or what is controlling which flames are fanned and which are stifled and denied. (For the short version skip to the last 2 or 3 paragraphs... & maybe read the rest later... :)) (if you feel like sticking with this it will eventually get around to Fox News and all the usual suspects) This persistence of Evil, its refusal to die and instead live on as Fear, hate and blame in group memory is nothing new of course and was old before the Shakespeare play. But the modern world's ability to spread and keep alive inflammatory memes and even breathe new life into old memories of evil is nothing like it was in Shakespeare's day...

though they well able to use the latest 16th century media and methods in England to fan the flames against Catholics or Protestants, French, Jews, Irish, Spanish and anyone that they wanted to... maybe the odd witch... and in that England was of course no different than anywhere else back then or before or since. Movements and causes We all know plenty of examples of past wrongs that are very alive today... Some of them are our favorite causes even. They may all be justified in some way and others not as much and yet, regardless of merit, many people are prisoners of the movements the old inequities engender and get caught up in the myths and legends of their family and the groups they feel allegiance to. Some evils are remembered differently and are used today to explain away an unjust status quo. Just as bad news dominates and fascinates us in current events, evil from the past lives on and inspires or motivates for more than one reason than a lot of less sensational good.There is a lot of nice stuff on the Documentary channels but there is also an awful lot of War and violence and crime and punishment and crazy people in general and the harm they did.

While these presentations are mostly balanced and reasonably well researched there are people with different memories and stories they believe who reject at least some conclusions or assumptions in each film. And historical fiction is no different, for instance White Americans will still be mostly rooting for the cavalry to save the day in a Western and rather forget Little Big Horn or Wounded Knee (if they even knew much about them in the first place), while a Neo Nazi will not be rooting for for Allies in a War film... My Wife's long dead Former Nazi party member Grandfather was incensed when he saw episodes of " Combat !" and " Hogan's Heroes " on US TV during a visit "It vas not like zat!!!". He did not live long enough to be able to screen the war over and over again on cable and would that have helped him revise his own certainties? I never did find out how he came to see the war in the end and maybe nobody else did either. It may be indicative that he used to holiday in all white Iceland back in the 60's....very Aryan looking at least... but maybe it was just a quiet and inexpensive place to take a vacation.

Evil may be remembered in a wrong headed way or more as a set of lies told to justify something or to re-interpret bitter memories to place your people in a better or more heroic/tragic light skipping over the less favorable details. It may be material used and abused to pump up a media circus or co-opted by powerful interests for shortsighted economic and political mistaken ends... (insert Fox clone and most pertinent industrial group or component of oligarchy, religion etc. that fits.) They enable evil's of the past to live on longer and stronger past their fade by date. The pundit or preacher or entertainer may just be filling a market need by pandering to what people think they know and what they believe they must fear. But there has to be a moral limit to how much to pander... if the advertising revenues justify it there is no doubt apparently. Some who do not have a sufficiently motivating cause of their own may search for a cause to fill an open personal need for an enemy who one can feel good about opposing. And some of the history accepted today is a misleading mishmash that we can project our own fears and needs onto. We can buy into rewriting facts or correcting lies and we are all prey to both possibilities.

Relearning history and finding a way to get some resolution and closure may be tantamount to treason for some people in some struggles who need only a struggle for total victory against the ancient enemy, the hereditary injustice which may have grown in the retelling or be exactly as handed down though the perpetrators may be in complete denial. And for them the destination is not as important as the means to get there the purpose and life style it enables and even justifies. And again they may be fighting an evil in a way that guarantees more or worse to come. How to know?... inaction can let evil go unchallenged. Fighting the correct components of evil at the right time in the right place in the right way can finally bury it for good. Easy to say, actually succeeding in that, not so much. Maybe it is just time we need and wait for the evil to die with the stubborn people who fight to retain poisoned legacies. But passive waiting only allows the more motivated to pass on the evil in a renewed updated way to yet another generation.

As George Orwell once explained, whoever controls the past, controls the present It is astonishing that so many New Deal deniers have been nursing their FDR hatred for so long that it can pop right up again 76 + years later. How to smack them down gently with reality so they don't simmer in a vengeful state like some twisted reactionary multi generational version of the Chushingura story, biding their time in zealous loyalty to a defeated master, but unlike the Japanese tale, no heroics and ritual death at the end... instead it's a sneaky, incremental oligarchical claw-back of prerogatives and policies, which ultimately sabotage the next set of financial safeguards till they finally cause the next semi or full blown depression. Or a Neo-Nixonian version of the tale: NeoCon revenge culminating in the Bush II years, but only after step by step imposition of their world view in the face of reality and focused on the destruction of everything they could from the progressive years in America. It is not so much that they are evil... it's just that they have reasons to learn the wrong things from history and motivations to keep these notions alive beyond all reason... They might as well be singing Dixie like they really mean it...

like it was still 1860. Their counter reactions are all out of proportion to the "problems" they think their enemies have caused and fail to see why the extremes of their reaction will absolutely guarantee, as we have seen recently,a very vigorous progressive political counter-reaction much to the the conservatives befuddlement and rage. Empires And think of how many other lingering wrongs endure in every part of the world? The memories of past empires and the deaths, suffering, deprivations and injustice they caused by their very coming into being. There is not a single tribe or nationality that does not harbor mythologies of either being the standard bearer for "civilization" versus the barbarians next door or else as the victims of it are the tenders of the flame of a lost past or stolen land or identity when the evil invaders despoiled them of that which they held most dear. The one enduring law of human history seems to be if a people can be suppressed and dominated by others who have the power to do so it will happen one way or another... softly or harshly, wrongly in the short term or inevitably in the long term.

And the loser in this interaction risks disappearing entirely unless the invaded or suppressed group finds ways within their own identity that empower or enable them to change or adapt or fight back whether directly or indirectly, constructively or destructively. Finding ways to endure and survive and even come back may bring out the best of their heritage or the worst or both. And inevitably some evil will be kept alive by both sides. We in the US of A live on the bones of peoples decimated by disease and then trampled underfoot by our ancestors who ignored or reviled or belittled and marginalized them up until the present day. I'd say they have been very patient with history....and also with those of us who descend from those who wronged them by action or inaction or ignorance. I do not want to pick on the USA in particular and I haven't even got to the history of slavery here. Every tribe and people who lived in the Americas before Columbus represented a long history of struggle and replacement and effacement and conquest and bitter rivalries as well as trade and peaceful coexistence. The point is even though we have collectively transgressed against them they were no different than us ultimately. And no different from the rest of humanity before or since.

Our wrongs against them are just newer, bigger and better documented than theirs but no more justifiable or deniable. And all groups have gained or lost at the hands of others over and over again whether by direct design or by varying degrees of accident and fate... and regularly each group find themselves trapped in victor and vanquished roles of Hubris in order to explain what happened to themselves, and that can evolve for some into victor guilt-hubris and victim-hood entitlement-hubris ... where a myopic view of one's own suffering or the suffering of one's people becomes so important as to minimize, deny or overlook the historical wrongs to or suffering of others. These cherished justification myths are important drivers of the evil that lives on among us. And here as well as elsewhere there are cheerleaders in the media, politics and religion for every form of these types of Hubris. The human blame game is played at every level in every age and finding a fair and just understanding is easiest for those with the fewest facts. But even forgiveness or redemption requires at least some facts to be able to forgive with the right words and actions... or to be able to ask for some sort of understanding and grace.

There a people confessing to things they did not do in police stations all over the world... under coercion or due to delusions if it is based on lies it will never help bury the Evil that men do. The details of who did what to who and why, are endless and comprise most of the human history of earth... no scope for an "encyclopedia of hostility" here but examples like the Roman empire, Chinese empires, Arab conquest, Mongol invasions and empire, Inca empire, Spanish Empire, English Colonial Empire, Russian Empire, and any other other empire that ever was and all the tribes, kingdoms and beliefs, traditions they destroyed or absorbed in the process of empire building. Intermixed with that have been countless mass migrations, expulsions, enslavement, climatic disasters over decades and even centuries, plus religious conflagrations, delusions, fear and hate all intermixed as well. Most of our ancestors lived quiet lives and did not have to face the times of upheavals themselves but they all lived with the memories of dire times and wrongs their people faced in the past and dreaded in the future. Often with good cause but often overblown and self-serving in some way.

With the ebb and flow of empires the Evils created or enlarged lived on for all of them and still live in all too many of us today. And way too many in the world do not want the historic hates and angers of their own group to die down but are actively trying to spread it as far as they can. The histories of the winners overlook or explain away the harm done and every loser exaggerates and up spins the crimes against them. If the empire gold plates the murders and devastation, their victims are just as apt to paint extra blood on anything done or achieved by the winners. And of course fortunes can ebb an flow and the defeated "barbarians" harbor their resentments long enough to drive a vigorous counter empire someday. Legends of towering wrongs against your own tribe justifies the desired revenge that often follows and of course if enough of the defeated enemy survive they will follow the same pattern in turn if allowed by circumstance in an indefinite cycle. Often these cycles align with climate liked changes that favor one group over another (see Central Asia for the biggest and maybe longest running example of cycles of invasion followed by counter invasion due to macro changes in climate).

Us & Them, Winners & losers Every Country in the world and every people and language and dialect, every ethnic group is a living experiment in what happens when one is overwhelmed by another or encroached on intentionally or unintentionally. Good and progress has come mixed with destruction and annihilation. We are all descendants of invaders, winners, losers, looters, creators, peacemakers, war-makers, and every mix of all of that and more. Most of the languages of our forbears are no longer spoken and sometimes that was due to conquest and subjugation or maybe just migrations and replacement in mainly non-violent ways. When is resistance needed or justified? Those who could not or did not resist enough often faded away. The evil was interred with their bones because there was no one left who cared or remembered what their "tribe" endured. Today there are languages dying and the wrongs done to the people who are vanishing will be forgotten. The good remembered will omit the wrongs. Maybe that is sometimes good but enforced forgetting is a crime a bad as poisoned exaggerated memories. Who or what is in control of the content of the memories?

Those who feel threatened should be listened to but even their ability to judge can be insular, ignorant and wrongheaded and lead them to resist in reckless and misguided ways that ultimately threaten what they want to keep all the more. And all too often profiteers just use conveniently existing historical problems to stoke up rivalry for their own ends...piling on and even taking over a movement or struggle because that's what they are good at. Every group of people on the earth large and small is caught up in the Us and Them paradigm. Translate the name of most groups and it boils down to something meaning "People" or "the people" or some form of "Real people".. which implies that others who live elsewhere and do things differently and may look different as well are not people as much as your group are. And almost without exception in every society there are second class citizens, minorities, outcasts who in many cases have had their label for generations even many centuries. Being black in the USA is only one example and most others in other countries are unknown to the average American. There is an outcast group in Japan named the Burakumin descended from those with occupations relating to death, such as executioners, undertakers or leather workers.

Severe social stigma was attached to these occupations, influenced by Shinto notions of kegare (穢れ "defilement") ..... in Korea: Baekjeong . In India there are of course the people who used to be known as Untouchables, non-caste people also named Harijans but more properly known as Dalits . In Nigeria there is a group among the Igbo called the Osu whose origins were as people kept apart who were dedicated to the gods whose place in society has turned into a people reviled or rejected and in particular as with the other examples above as marriage partners. The evil of these kinds of traditions lives on today and in every part of the world there are people who are seen as virtually sub-human and at least unacceptable as equal participants in society. Much progress has been made but the same tendencies to reject and resent and repress will make new sub classes to hate and revile for some people if there are no traditional ones to hate or repress. Some sort of need for pecking order, rivalry for mates, material support and dominance in part but again goes back to our primate roots somehow.

Jane Goodall studied chimps in Gombe and found controversially that if a group got too large it would split and often become very violent towards their former kin. We seem little capable of escaping similar behaviors. For many the need for a suspicious or bad intentioned other is part of their nature or nurture or both. If they don't have one at hand they can rapidly acquire one. (Fox news types, rabble rousing politicians or a paranoid militia member, rabid preacher, radical Islamist any of whom will be happy to guide you.) And along with it new mythologies of your own importance that will grow alongside the extreme dangers of the new enemy. It does not require more moderate people to buy into notions that we are all killer apes doomed to be eternally violent. At our worst we are simply reverting to our fallback inbuilt survival modes and not all of us are inherently apt to become the full on extreme defender type that easily. But we all capable of extreme measures in extreme situations. We are here because those defensive behaviors served our ancestors well enough to survive often at the expense of others.

But those behaviors only come out in the most destructive ways in the more extreme circumstances and probably most people are sensible enough better able to know when to revert to primal default programming. Hair trigger defense is not really a defense. Many societies needed peaceful cooperation to thrive and benefited from welcoming infrequent strangers to their midst (for genetic reasons as well as trade and ideas) show that we can adapt to more sensible options if we or our surroundings allow it. Kid Politics & Tribal tendencies A good way to think about our human responses it to remember moving to a new neighborhood or seeing new kids move nearby and the memories of welcome curiosity and making new friends, as well as other memories of kids who automatically distrusted you or challenged you in some way. The overlay of parental attitudes and class and race and age and any number of judgments over geekiness or looks or clothing, speech, accents only add or subtract to the mix. Being thrown together with a very large group of kids in your high school days still reacting to everything with the intensity of our elementary school days is another vivid experiment in how we get along or not.

Remember the life and death nature of every put down and pimple, every clique's attitudes and petty confrontations and your own defensive or aggressive ploys to assert your well being or even your very "survival". It was all in hindsight mostly very minor stuff but usually it did not feel that way at the time. Consider the way some people root against the team from the next town or resort to vandalism and worse? The insulting graffiti in the gas station toilet out on the highway referring to the people in the town next door in unflattering terms are signs of our default programming. (see " Springfield" & "Shelbyville " episodes on The Simpsons for a more humorous take on this phenomenon) Aspects of "gang culture" and belonging is a quite normal feature of growing up; we all had a group of friends or a club we made but when kids grow up without a larger meaningful constructive group identity it takes on a more destructive character. It's very tribal and we all have a tribal hunting/gathering group default program that will emerge if the absence of anything else. Just look at bonding between boys and girls from @ages 8 till early adolescence.

It is an important part of our life as Jesuits and Authoritarians of every stripe know very well recently shown by research to be a time when our brains go through a major reprogramming and rewiring phase. Among other things we need to master during this phase in order fit into our group as adults, it's also the best time to program in the "Us and Them" memes of group identity, whether positive or negative, that will dominate the rest of everyone's life. Without access to more benign balanced role models, the more divisive and strident indoctrinators can step in. For the unnattached more vulnerable less fortunate, gangs of some sort can be not only a refuge but a school of life as older gang members act as your recruiters, protectors and instructors on how to live and who is your enemy. And we are all members of an extended gang of some sort, consciously or unconsciously since many parts of culture can fall under a more general definition of "gang". Your gang may be harmless or helpful or various shades of corrupt, self-serving and even harmful as it strives to promulgate its understanding of the world and expand it's numbers.

The Murdoch "Gang" for instance is at work day and night to improve the membership of their own idea of what the Republican party and the Uniteed States of America should be. And the more fearful, information access disadvantaged who want to be protected by a strong pack are their prey. It is their right in a free society but we leave them unchallenged and un-refuted at our peril and too many of our fellow citizens stuck in an immature mental state. It's the logic and politics of the schoolyard bully they seem to admire and emulate. They and similar media revel in the conflicts they choose to highlight and even conflict largely of their own making and not the merits of the ideas involved or even verified facts. They focus on Evils they designate or identify as well as false claims of evil and actively bury or deny any good done by those they disagree with. Their arguments are much like shooting fish in a barrel... they set up a completely controlled predictable information-sport, peddling their propaganda via scripts where all the components of any argument reliably produce a pre-ordained conclusion. It is a morality play, psycho-drama script suited to our 12 year old selves in content, character and scope.

The way Kid politics seem to work gives us an insight to our default responses. If we were living in a traditional society with inherited longstanding enmities with certain neighbors or our own distant and not so distant ancestors who were almost all agrarian villagers we would have much the same responses to other people. Our brains seem to be wired to cope with a finite number of people on the order of a large village... if a tribe gets too big a it will split into subgroups... and there is always the outer darkness of the unknown out there that can be populated with all of our folklore and fears. Our childhood fears often grow up into grown-up versions which are more abstract but just as illogical as the monster in the closet or under the bed... We obviously move on from most of that but many of us still retain way too much and have a large uninformed streak that is easily fleshed out with replacement faces and notions that are still driven by the same fears and angers. And again consider who in the media drag out the same scary monsters in a new form and digs up the same alleged evils relabeled for their own purposes. They want us all to buy into the nightmare at the edge of town that they create and puff up to scary proportions.

And maybe a large part of their audience can't help being susceptible to calls for protection and defense against threats real, imagined and hyped. People who react more strongly to bumps in the night, spiders on a human body or the sight of a shell-shocked victim are more likely to support public policies that emphasize protecting society over preserving individual privacy. That's the conclusion of a recent study by researchers at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL). Their research results appear in the Sept. 19 issue of Science magazine. Julius Caesar, Act III, Scene 2 :|: Open Source Shakespeare Those that will hear me speak, let 'em stay here; 1535 Those that will follow Cassius, go with him; And public reasons shall be rendered Of Caesar's death. First Citizen . I will hear Brutus speak. Second Citizen . I will hear Cassius; and compare their reasons, 1540 When severally we hear them rendered. [Exit CASSIUS, with some of the Citizens. BRUTUS goes into the pulpit] Third Citizen . The noble Brutus is ascended: silence! Brutus . Be patient till the last. 1545 Romans, countrymen, and lovers!

hear me for my cause, and be silent, that you may hear: believe me for mine honour, and have respect to mine honour, that you may believe: censure me in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you may the better judge. 1550 If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Caesar's, to him I say, that Brutus' love to Caesar was no less than his. If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: —Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved 1555 Rome more. Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour him: but, as he was ambitious, I 1560 slew him. There is tears for his love; joy for his fortune; honour for his valour; and death for his ambition. Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman?

If 1565 any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended. I pause for a reply. All . None, Brutus, none. Brutus . Then none have I offended. I have done no more to 1570 Caesar than you shall do to Brutus. The question of his death is enrolled in the Capitol; his glory not extenuated, wherein he was worthy, nor his offences enforced, for which he suffered death. [Enter ANTONY and others, with CAESAR's body] 1575 Here comes his body, mourned by Mark Antony: who, though he had no hand in his death, shall receive the benefit of his dying, a place in the commonwealth; as which of you shall not? With this I depart,—that, as I slew my best lover for the 1580 good of Rome, I have the same dagger for myself, when it shall please my country to need my death. All . Live, Brutus! live, live! First Citizen . Bring him with triumph home unto his house. Second Citizen .

Give him a statue with his ancestors. 1585 Fourth Citizen . Caesar's better parts Shall be crown'd in Brutus. First Citizen . We'll bring him to his house With shouts and clamours. 1590 Fourth Citizen . What does he say of Brutus? Third Citizen . He says, for Brutus' sake, He finds himself beholding to us all. Fourth Citizen . 'Twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here. 1610 First Citizen . This Caesar was a tyrant. Third Citizen . Nay, that's certain: We are blest that Rome is rid of him. Second Citizen . Peace! let us hear what Antony can say. Antony . You gentle Romans,— 1615 Citizens . Peace, ho! let us hear him. Antony . Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him. The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; 1620 So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer'd it.

Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest— 1625 For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men— Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; 1630 And Brutus is an honourable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: 1635 Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, 1640 Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man. I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. 1645 You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him? O judgment!

thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, 1650 And I must pause till it come back to me. First Citizen . Methinks there is much reason in his sayings. Second Citizen . If thou consider rightly of the matter, Caesar has had great wrong. Third Citizen . Has he, masters? 1655 I fear there will a worse come in his place. Fourth Citizen . Mark'd ye his words? He would not take the crown; Therefore 'tis certain he was not ambitious. First Citizen . If it be found so, some will dear abide it. Second Citizen . Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping. 1660 Third Citizen . There's not a nobler man in Rome than Antony. Fourth Citizen . Now mark him, he begins again to speak. Antony . But yesterday the word of Caesar might Have stood against the world; now lies he there. And none so poor to do him reverence.

1665 O masters, if I were disposed to stir Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong, Who, you all know, are honourable men: I will not do them wrong; I rather choose 1670 To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you, Than I will wrong such honourable men. But here's a parchment with the seal of Caesar; I found it in his closet, 'tis his will: Let but the commons hear this testament— 1675 Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read— And they would go and kiss dead Caesar's wounds And dip their napkins in his sacred blood, Yea, beg a hair of him for memory, And, dying, mention it within their wills, 1680 Bequeathing it as a rich legacy Unto their issue. Fourth Citizen . We'll hear the will: read it, Mark Antony. All . The will, the will! we will hear Caesar's will. Antony . Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it; 1685 It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you.

You are not wood, you are not stones, but men; And, being men, bearing the will of Caesar, It will inflame you, it will make you mad: 'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; 1690 For, if you should, O, what would come of it! Fourth Citizen . Read the will; we'll hear it, Antony; You shall read us the will, Caesar's will. Antony . Will you be patient? will you stay awhile? I have o'ershot myself to tell you of it: 1695 I fear I wrong the honourable men Whose daggers have stabb'd Caesar; I do fear it. Fourth Citizen . They were traitors: honourable men! All . The will! the testament! Second Citizen . They were villains, murderers: the will! read the will. 1700 Antony . You will compel me, then, to read the will? Then make a ring about the corpse of Caesar, And let me show you him that made the will. Shall I descend? and will you give me leave? Fourth Citizen . A ring; stand round. First Citizen .

Stand from the hearse, stand from the body. 1710 Second Citizen . Room for Antony, most noble Antony. Antony . Nay, press not so upon me; stand far off. Several Citizens . Stand back; room; bear back. Antony . If you have tears, prepare to shed them now. You all do know this mantle: I remember 1715 The first time ever Caesar put it on; 'Twas on a summer's evening, in his tent, That day he overcame the Nervii: Look, in this place ran Cassius' dagger through: See what a rent the envious Casca made: 1720 Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabb'd; And as he pluck'd his cursed steel away, Mark how the blood of Caesar follow'd it, As rushing out of doors, to be resolved If Brutus so unkindly knock'd, or no; 1725 For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel: Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him!

This was the most unkindest cut of all; For when the noble Caesar saw him stab, Ingratitude, more strong than traitors' arms, 1730 Quite vanquish'd him: then burst his mighty heart; And, in his mantle muffling up his face, Even at the base of Pompey's statua, Which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell. O, what a fall was there, my countrymen! 1735 Then I, and you, and all of us fell down, Whilst bloody treason flourish'd over us. O, now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel The dint of pity: these are gracious drops. Kind souls, what, weep you when you but behold 1740 Our Caesar's vesture wounded? Look you here, Here is himself, marr'd, as you see, with traitors. Second Citizen . We will be revenged. All . Revenge! About! Seek! Burn! Fire! Kill! Slay! Let not a traitor live! 1750 First Citizen . Peace there! hear the noble Antony. Second Citizen .

We'll hear him, we'll follow him, we'll die with him. Antony . Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up To such a sudden flood of mutiny. 1755 They that have done this deed are honourable: What private griefs they have, alas, I know not, That made them do it: they are wise and honourable, And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.

I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts: 1760 I am no orator, as Brutus is; But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man, That love my friend; and that they know full well That gave me public leave to speak of him: For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth, 1765 Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech, To stir men's blood: I only speak right on; I tell you that which you yourselves do know; Show you sweet Caesar's wounds, poor poor dumb mouths, And bid them speak for me: but were I Brutus, 1770 And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony Would ruffle up your spirits and put a tongue In every wound of Caesar that should move The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny. All . We'll mutiny. 1775 First Citizen . We'll burn the house of Brutus. Third Citizen . Away, then! come, seek the conspirators. Antony . Yet hear me, countrymen; yet hear me speak. All . Peace, ho! Hear Antony. Most noble Antony! Antony .

Why, friends, you go to do you know not what: 1780 Wherein hath Caesar thus deserved your loves? Alas, you know not: I must tell you then: You have forgot the will I told you of. All . Most true. The will! Let's stay and hear the will. Antony . Here is the will, and under Caesar's seal. 1785 To every Roman citizen he gives, To every several man, seventy-five drachmas. Second Citizen . Most noble Caesar! We'll revenge his death. Julius Caesar by William Shakespeare: Act 3. Scene II Enter BRUTUS and CASSIUS, and a throng of Citizens Citizens We will be satisfied; let us be satisfied. BRUTUS Then follow me, and give me audience, friends. Cassius, go you into the other street, And part the numbers. Those that will hear me speak, let 'em stay here; Those that will follow Cassius, go with him; And public reasons shall be rendered Of Caesar's death. I will hear Brutus speak. Second Citizen I will hear Cassius; and compare their reasons, When severally we hear them rendered.

Exit CASSIUS, with some of the Citizens. BRUTUS goes into the pulpit Third Citizen The noble Brutus is ascended: silence! BRUTUS Be patient till the last. Romans, countrymen, and lovers! hear me for my cause, and be silent, that you may hear: believe me for mine honour, and have respect to mine honour, that you may believe: censure me in your wisdom, and awake your senses, that you may the better judge. If there be any in this assembly, any dear friend of Caesar's, to him I say, that Brutus' love to Caesar was no less than his. If then that friend demand why Brutus rose against Caesar, this is my answer: --Not that I loved Caesar less, but that I loved Rome more. Had you rather Caesar were living and die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all free men? As Caesar loved me, I weep for him; as he was fortunate, I rejoice at it; as he was valiant, I honour him: but, as he was ambitious, I slew him. There is tears for his love; joy for his fortune; honour for his valour; and death for his ambition.

Who is here so base that would be a bondman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so rude that would not be a Roman? If any, speak; for him have I offended. Who is here so vile that will not love his country? If any, speak; for him have I offended. I pause for a reply. All Then none have I offended. I have done no more to Caesar than you shall do to Brutus. The question of his death is enrolled in the Capitol; his glory not extenuated, wherein he was worthy, nor his offences enforced, for which he suffered death. Enter ANTONY and others, with CAESAR's body Here comes his body, mourned by Mark Antony: who, though he had no hand in his death, shall receive the benefit of his dying, a place in the commonwealth; as which of you shall not? With this I depart,--that, as I slew my best lover for the good of Rome, I have the same dagger for myself, when it shall please my country to need my death.

All Good countrymen, let me depart alone, And, for my sake, stay here with Antony: Do grace to Caesar's corpse, and grace his speech Tending to Caesar's glories; which Mark Antony, By our permission, is allow'd to make. I do entreat you, not a man depart, Save I alone, till Antony have spoke. Exit Stay, ho! and let us hear Mark Antony. Third Citizen Let him go up into the public chair; We'll hear him. Noble Antony, go up. ANTONY For Brutus' sake, I am beholding to you. Goes into the pulpit What does he say of Brutus? Third Citizen He says, for Brutus' sake, He finds himself beholding to us all. Fourth Citizen 'Twere best he speak no harm of Brutus here. First Citizen This Caesar was a tyrant. Third Citizen We are blest that Rome is rid of him. Second Citizen Peace! let us hear what Antony can say. ANTONY Peace, ho! let us hear him. ANTONY Friends, Romans, countrymen, lend me your ears; I come to bury Caesar, not to praise him.

The evil that men do lives after them; The good is oft interred with their bones; So let it be with Caesar. The noble Brutus Hath told you Caesar was ambitious: If it were so, it was a grievous fault, And grievously hath Caesar answer'd it. Here, under leave of Brutus and the rest-- For Brutus is an honourable man; So are they all, all honourable men-- Come I to speak in Caesar's funeral. He was my friend, faithful and just to me: But Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. He hath brought many captives home to Rome Whose ransoms did the general coffers fill: Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? When that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept: Ambition should be made of sterner stuff: Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And Brutus is an honourable man. You all did see that on the Lupercal I thrice presented him a kingly crown, Which he did thrice refuse: was this ambition? Yet Brutus says he was ambitious; And, sure, he is an honourable man.

I speak not to disprove what Brutus spoke, But here I am to speak what I do know. You all did love him once, not without cause: What cause withholds you then, to mourn for him? O judgment! thou art fled to brutish beasts, And men have lost their reason. Bear with me; My heart is in the coffin there with Caesar, And I must pause till it come back to me. First Citizen Methinks there is much reason in his sayings. Second Citizen If thou consider rightly of the matter, Caesar has had great wrong. Third Citizen I fear there will a worse come in his place. Fourth Citizen Mark'd ye his words? He would not take the crown; Therefore 'tis certain he was not ambitious. First Citizen If it be found so, some will dear abide it. Second Citizen Poor soul! his eyes are red as fire with weeping. Third Citizen There's not a nobler man in Rome than Antony. Fourth Citizen Now mark him, he begins again to speak. ANTONY But yesterday the word of Caesar might Have stood against the world; now lies he there. And none so poor to do him reverence.

O masters, if I were disposed to stir Your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage, I should do Brutus wrong, and Cassius wrong, Who, you all know, are honourable men: I will not do them wrong; I rather choose To wrong the dead, to wrong myself and you, Than I will wrong such honourable men. But here's a parchment with the seal of Caesar; I found it in his closet, 'tis his will: Let but the commons hear this testament-- Which, pardon me, I do not mean to read-- And they would go and kiss dead Caesar's wounds And dip their napkins in his sacred blood, Yea, beg a hair of him for memory, And, dying, mention it within their wills, Bequeathing it as a rich legacy Unto their issue. We'll hear the will: read it, Mark Antony. All The will, the will! we will hear Caesar's will. ANTONY Have patience, gentle friends, I must not read it; It is not meet you know how Caesar loved you.

You are not wood, you are not stones, but men; And, being men, bearing the will of Caesar, It will inflame you, it will make you mad: 'Tis good you know not that you are his heirs; For, if you should, O, what would come of it! Fourth Citizen Read the will; we'll hear it, Antony; You shall read us the will, Caesar's will. ANTONY Will you be patient? will you stay awhile? I have o'ershot myself to tell you of it: I fear I wrong the honourable men Whose daggers have stabb'd Caesar; I do fear it. Fourth Citizen They were traitors: honourable men! All Stand from the hearse, stand from the body. Second Citizen Room for Antony, most noble Antony. ANTONY Nay, press not so upon me; stand far off. Several Citizens Stand back; room; bear back. ANTONY If you have tears, prepare to shed them now.

You all do know this mantle: I remember The first time ever Caesar put it on; 'Twas on a summer's evening, in his tent, That day he overcame the Nervii: Look, in this place ran Cassius' dagger through: See what a rent the envious Casca made: Through this the well-beloved Brutus stabb'd; And as he pluck'd his cursed steel away, Mark how the blood of Caesar follow'd it, As rushing out of doors, to be resolved If Brutus so unkindly knock'd, or no; For Brutus, as you know, was Caesar's angel: Judge, O you gods, how dearly Caesar loved him! This was the most unkindest cut of all; For when the noble Caesar saw him stab, Ingratitude, more strong than traitors' arms, Quite vanquish'd him: then burst his mighty heart; And, in his mantle muffling up his face, Even at the base of Pompey's statua, Which all the while ran blood, great Caesar fell. O, what a fall was there, my countrymen! Then I, and you, and all of us fell down, Whilst bloody treason flourish'd over us.

O, now you weep; and, I perceive, you feel The dint of pity: these are gracious drops. Kind souls, what, weep you when you but behold Our Caesar's vesture wounded? Look you here, Here is himself, marr'd, as you see, with traitors. First Citizen Peace there! hear the noble Antony. Second Citizen We'll hear him, we'll follow him, we'll die with him. ANTONY Good friends, sweet friends, let me not stir you up To such a sudden flood of mutiny. They that have done this deed are honourable: What private griefs they have, alas, I know not, That made them do it: they are wise and honourable, And will, no doubt, with reasons answer you.

I come not, friends, to steal away your hearts: I am no orator, as Brutus is; But, as you know me all, a plain blunt man, That love my friend; and that they know full well That gave me public leave to speak of him: For I have neither wit, nor words, nor worth, Action, nor utterance, nor the power of speech, To stir men's blood: I only speak right on; I tell you that which you yourselves do know; Show you sweet Caesar's wounds, poor poor dumb mouths, And bid them speak for me: but were I Brutus, And Brutus Antony, there were an Antony Would ruffle up your spirits and put a tongue In every wound of Caesar that should move The stones of Rome to rise and mutiny. All We'll burn the house of Brutus. Third Citizen Away, then! come, seek the conspirators. ANTONY Yet hear me, countrymen; yet hear me speak. All Peace, ho! Hear Antony. Most noble Antony! ANTONY Why, friends, you go to do you know not what: Wherein hath Caesar thus deserved your loves?

Alas, you know not: I must tell you then: You have forgot the will I told you of. All Most true. The will! Let's stay and hear the will. ANTONY Here is the will, and under Caesar's seal. To every Roman citizen he gives, To every several man, seventy-five drachmas. Second Citizen Most noble Caesar! We'll revenge his death. Third Citizen

Question: “The evil that men do lives after them, the good is oft interred with their bones” is a quote from which Shakespeare play?
Answer: Julius Caesar