Learn and talk about Sirte, Former national capitals, Gulf of Sidra, Muammar Gaddafi, Populated coastal places in Libya ( help · info ) ; from Ancient Greek : Σύρτις ), also spelled Sirt, Surt, Sert or Syrte, is a city in Libya . It is on the south coast of the Gulf of Sidra (ancient Syrtis Major , from which Sirte's name is derived). Sirte lies halfway between Tripoli and Benghazi . The settlement was established in the early 20th century by the Italians , at the site of a 19th-century fortress built by the Ottomans . It grew into a city after World War II . As the birthplace of Muammar Gaddafi , Sirte was favoured by the Gaddafi government .[ citation needed ] The city was the final major stronghold of Gaddafi loyalists in the Libyan Civil War and Gaddafi was killed there by rebel forces on 20 October 2011. During the battle , Sirte was left almost completely in ruins, with many buildings totally destroyed or damaged.

[2] Six months after the civil war, almost 60,000 inhabitants, more than 70 percent of pre-war population, had returned. [3] Contents Early history[ edit ] Sirte is built near the site of the ancient Phoenician city of Macomedes-Euphranta, [4] which was an important link on the road along the Mediterranean Sea littoral. It is the last confirmed place where the Punic language was spoken, in the 5th century CE. The region had no recognized administrative centre and was infested for centuries by bandits. In Classical times, the coast was "proverbially dangerous to shipping", [5] called "inhospita Syrtis" in Virgil 's Aeneid . [6] John Milton 's Paradise Lost Book 2 lines 939-940 speaks of "a boggy Syrtis, neither sea/Nor good dry land". Note: this section is incomplete.

Modern history[ edit ] In 1842 the Ottomans built a fortress at Marsat al Zaafran (" saffron harbour") which became known as Qasr al Zaafran ("saffron castle "), and later as Qasr Sert. The fortress was built under sultan Abdülmecid I as part of the restoration of Ottoman control over Tripolitania after the fall of the Karamanli dynasty . It was around this fortification, which was taken over and repaired by the Italians in 1912, that the settlement of Sirte grew up. [7] Sirte served as an administrative centre under Italian rule.

[8] During the North African Campaign of the Second World War there were no noteworthy events in this location, which was characterised at the time as "a shabby little Arab village of mud huts, clustered on the banks of a foul-smelling stream." [9] The village grew into a prominent town after the Second World War for two reasons – the discovery and exploitation of oil nearby and the birth of Muammar Gaddafi in 1942 in a tent at Qasr Abu Hadi , some 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Sirte. He was sent to the primary school at Sirte at the age of ten. [10] Gaddafi era[ edit ] After seizing power in 1969 , Gaddafi transformed Sirte into a showcase of his self-proclaimed revolution, carrying out an extensive programme of public works to expand the former village into a small city. After 1988, most government departments and the Libyan parliament were relocated from Tripoli to Sirte, although Tripoli remained formally the capital of the country. [11] Al-Tahadi University was established in 1991.

In 1999, Gaddafi proposed the idea of creating a " United States of Africa " with Sirte as its administrative centre. Ambitious plans to build a new international airport and seaport were announced in 2007. [12] In 1999, the Sirte Declaration was signed in the city by the Organisation of African Unity in a conference that was hosted by Gaddafi. In 2007 he also hosted talks in Sirte to broker a peace agreement between the government of Sudan and warring factions in Darfur . [13] In 2008, China Railway Construction Corporation won a $2.6 billion bid in Libya to build a west-to-east coastal railway 352 km (219 mi) from Khoms to Sirte and a south-to-west railway 800 km (500 mi) long for iron ore transport from the southern city Sabha to Misrata .

[14] Libyan civil war[ edit ] Further information: 2011 Libyan civil war , Libyan rebel advance on Sirte , and Battle of Sirte (2011) On 5 March 2011, anti-Gaddafi forces said they were preparing to capture the city. [15] However, on 6 March, the rebel advance was stopped during the Battle of Bin Jawad before reaching Sirte. Government forces launched a counter-offensive that recaptured Ra's Lanuf [16] [17] and continued to advance as far as the outskirts of the de facto rebel capital of Benghazi . Under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 , several Western and Arab countries then intervened with air and missile strikes, which turned the tide again in favour of the rebels. On 28 March, Al Jazeera reported that Sirte had been claimed to be taken by rebel forces overnight with little resistance, [18] but other news organisations later reported that rebels and Gaddafi forces were fighting on the road between Bin Jawad and Sirte.

[19] By 30 March, Gaddafi loyalists had forced the rebels out of Bin Jawad and Ra's Lanuf and once again removed the immediate threat of an attack on Sirte. [20] In August, the city faced a more severe threat from the rebels as the loyalist position deteriorated rapidly, with rebels making gains on multiple fronts. As Tripoli came under attack , other rebel forces based in Benghazi broke the military stalemate in the eastern desert, taking Brega and Ra's Lanuf . At the same time, rebels in Misrata pushed eastward along the coast towards Sirte, which then faced a pincer movement from the rebels on two fronts. [21] On 24 August, rebel units were reported as being 56 km (35 mi) from the city. [22] On 27 August, Bin Jawad – about 150 km east – was once again recaptured by the rebels. It was also reported that the National Transitional Council were in negotiations with tribal figures from the city for it to surrender to rebel forces.

[23] In a radio address on 1 September 2011, Gaddafi declared Sirte the new capital of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya , replacing the former capital Tripoli , which had been captured by rebels. [24] Anti-Gaddafi forces surrounded the city during September 2011 and began a long, difficult battle there, hoping to bring the war to an end. On 20 October, after suffering massive casualties during a siege that lasted over a month, NTC fighters mounted a major offensive and took control of the last remaining district of Sirte, "Number Two", that was in the hands of regime loyalists. Muammar Gaddafi attempted to flee the city, but he was injured and captured by fighters. He was killed in custody less than an hour later. [25] Sirte was left heavily damaged by a month of intense fighting, which was preceded by NATO airstrikes throughout the war, [26] and was considered to have been subjected to the most damage of any Libyan city during the civil war. [27] Many homes were ransacked and looted by fighters, angering residents including those loyal to Gaddafi and those sympathetic to the revolution.

[28] Many streets and buildings also experienced flooding as water mains were destroyed, though it was unclear by which side. [29] Landmarks like the Ouagadougou Conference Center, which became an impromptu fortress for the city's defenders during the battle, were ruined by artillery fire and blasts. A number of Libyan residents and fighters described the city as unrecognisable after weeks of siege. [30] After the civil war[ edit ] In April 2012, almost six months after the civil war, more than 70 percent of the inhabitants had returned to Sirte. Rebuilding of the city started, although unexploded ordnance still posed a great risk to civilians. [3] In February 2012, some local residents said they felt abandoned by the National Transitional Council (NTC), but the new government had promised to rebuild the city and Deputy Prime Minister Mustafa Abushagur insisted this would happen. [31] Some local rebuilding was done in 2012 and 2013, [27] but reconstruction of municipal services did not begin until a 9 million Libyan dinars reconstruction project started in 2014.

[32] Further information: Battle of Sirte (2015) and Battle of Sirte (2016) During the widespread chaos and civil war that followed the revolution and led to the erosion of territorial control under the General National Congress (GNC) (which had succeeded the NTC) and the new GNC (NGNC), local loyalists to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), which had previously seized the port city of Derna , launched an attack in March 2015 to capture Sirte, which was then occupied by the Libya Shield Force , an NGNC-linked militia. Sirte fell to the ISIL loyalists in May 2015. [33] Following the formation of a new Tripoli-based government, the Government of National Accord (GNA), an offensive backed by the United Nations was launched in May 2016 by GNA-aligned forces, known as the Bunyan Marsous , to recapture Sirte.

[34] After two months of advances, pro-government forces took control of ISIL's Sirte headquarters on 10 August, 2016, [35] although pockets of ISIL resistance continued to prolong fighting through the end of the year. [36] Sirte was substantially under the control of the GNA by 6 December, 2016. [36] [37] [38] A contributing factor to the recapture of the city were the over 400 airstrikes organized by the United States Africa Command against ISIL positions during the months-long battle. [34] Approximately 700 Libya pro-government fighters and 2,000 ISIL loyalists died in Sirte between May and November 2016. [34] [39] Reconstruction[ edit ] Mayoral elections are scheduled for 12 December 2016 with the previously (2015) municipal councilmen taking office again. [40] Original courtesy of Wikipedia: — Please support Wikipedia. This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia . A portion of the proceeds from advertising on Digplanet goes to supporting Wikipedia.

We're sorry, but there's no news about "Sirte" right now. Limit to books that you can completely read online Include partial books (book previews) Oops, we seem to be having trouble contacting Twitter Support Wikipedia A portion of the proceeds from advertising on Digplanet goes to supporting Wikipedia. Please add your support for Wikipedia! Searchlight Group Digplanet also receives support from Searchlight Group. Visit Searchlight Copyright © 2009-2016 Digparty. All rights reserved. Photos of Sirte Before The NATO Bombing in Libya | InformAfrica.com Photos of Sirte Before The NATO Bombing in Libya Share on Facebook Follow on Facebook Add to Google+ Connect on Linked in Subscribe by Email Print This Post Sirte is a beautiful city in Libya, and has the aspirations to be the “capital of Africa”. It is on the south coast of the Gulf of Sidra (ancient Syrtis Major, from which Sirte’s name derives). Sirte lies halfway between Tripoli and Benghazi. The settlement was established in the early 20th century by the Italians, at the site of a 19th-century fortress built by the Ottomans. It grew into a city after World War II.

As the birthplace of Muammar Gaddafi, Sirte was favoured by the Gaddafi government. However, evil NATO and US-backed rebels have bombarded the whole city of Sirte; purposely ruining everything Gaddafi has worked for under pretense. URBAN PARK PROJECT, LIBYA, Sirte, 2009 URBAN PARK PROJECT, LIBYA, Sirte, 2009 URBAN PARK PROJECT, LIBYA, Sirte, 2009 URBAN PARK PROJECT, LIBYA, Sirte, 2009 Jealous of Libya’s mass wealth and natural resources, the United States and NATO along with NTC fighters attacked civilians throughout the north African country leaving Libya in ruins with thousands killed or wounded. Sirte wikipedia - wiki Sirte map - wiki articles about Sirte on the map | Gulliway A square in Sirte (2007) Sirte (/ˈsɜːrt/; Arabic: سرت‎‎, pronunciation ; from Ancient Greek: Σύρτις), also spelled Sirt, Surt, Sert or Syrte, is a city in Libya .

It is on the south coast of the Gulf of Sidra (ancient Syrtis Major, from which Sirte's name is derived). Sirte lies halfway between Tripoli and Benghazi . The settlement was established in the early 20th century by the Italians, at the site of a 19th-century fortress built by the Ottomans. It grew into a city after World War II. As the birthplace of Muammar Gaddafi, Sirte was favoured by the Gaddafi government. The city was the final major stronghold of Gaddafi loyalists in the Libyan Civil War and Gaddafi was killed there by rebel forces on 20 October 2011. During the battle, Sirte was left almost completely in ruins, with many buildings totally destroyed or damaged. Six months after the civil war, almost 60,000 inhabitants, more than 70 percent of pre-war population, had returned. History Early history Sirte is built near the site of the ancient Phoenician city of Macomedes-Euphranta, which was an important link on the road along the Mediterranean Sea littoral. It is the last confirmed place where the Punic language was spoken, in the 5th century CE.

The region had no recognized administrative centre and was infested for centuries by bandits. In Classical times, the coast was "proverbially dangerous to shipping", called "inhospita Syrtis" in Virgil's Aeneid.John Milton's Paradise Lost Book 2 lines 939-940 speaks of "a boggy Syrtis, neither sea/Nor good dry land". Note: this section is incomplete. Modern history In 1842 the Ottomans built a fortress at Marsat al Zaafran ("saffron harbour") which became known as Qasr al Zaafran ("saffron castle"), and later as Qasr Sert. The fortress was built under sultan Abdülmecid I as part of the restoration of Ottoman control over Tripolitania after the fall of the Karamanli dynasty. It was around this fortification, which was taken over and repaired by the Italians in 1912, that the settlement of Sirte grew up. Sirte served as an administrative centre under Italian rule.

During the North African Campaign of the Second World War there were no noteworthy events in this location, which was characterised at the time as "a shabby little Arab village of mud huts, clustered on the banks of a foul-smelling stream." The village grew into a prominent town after the Second World War for two reasons – the discovery and exploitation of oil nearby and the birth of Muammar Gaddafi in 1942 in a tent at Qasr Abu Hadi, some 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Sirte. He was sent to the primary school at Sirte at the age of ten. Gaddafi era After seizing power in 1969, Gaddafi transformed Sirte into a showcase of his self-proclaimed revolution, carrying out an extensive programme of public works to expand the former village into a small city. After 1988, most government departments and the Libyan parliament were relocated from Tripoli to Sirte, although Tripoli remained formally the capital of the country.Al-Tahadi University was established in 1991. In 1999, Gaddafi proposed the idea of creating a "United States of Africa" with Sirte as its administrative centre.

Ambitious plans to build a new international airport and seaport were announced in 2007. In 1999, the Sirte Declaration was signed in the city by the Organisation of African Unity in a conference that was hosted by Gaddafi. In 2007 he also hosted talks in Sirte to broker a peace agreement between the government of Sudan and warring factions in Darfur. In 2008, China Railway Construction Corporation won a $2.6 billion bid in Libya to build a west-to-east coastal railway 352 km (219 mi) from Khoms to Sirte and a south-to-west railway 800 km (500 mi) long for iron ore transport from the southern city Sabha to Misrata . Libyan civil war Further information: 2011 Libyan civil war, Libyan rebel advance on Sirte, and Battle of Sirte (2011) On 5 March 2011, anti-Gaddafi forces said they were preparing to capture the city. However, on 6 March, the rebel advance was stopped during the Battle of Bin Jawad before reaching Sirte.

Government forces launched a counter-offensive that recaptured Ra's Lanuf and continued to advance as far as the outskirts of the de facto rebel capital of Benghazi . Under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973, several Western and Arab countries then intervened with air and missile strikes, which turned the tide again in favour of the rebels. On 28 March, Al Jazeera reported that Sirte had been claimed to be taken by rebel forces overnight with little resistance, but other news organisations later reported that rebels and Gaddafi forces were fighting on the road between Bin Jawad and Sirte. By 30 March, Gaddafi loyalists had forced the rebels out of Bin Jawad and Ra's Lanuf and once again removed the immediate threat of an attack on Sirte. In August, the city faced a more severe threat from the rebels as the loyalist position deteriorated rapidly, with rebels making gains on multiple fronts. As Tripoli came under attack, other rebel forces based in Benghazi broke the military stalemate in the eastern desert, taking Brega and Ra's Lanuf. At the same time, rebels in Misrata pushed eastward along the coast towards Sirte, which then faced a pincer movement from the rebels on two fronts.

On 24 August, rebel units were reported as being 56 km (35 mi) from the city. On 27 August, Bin Jawad – about 150 km east – was once again recaptured by the rebels. It was also reported that the National Transitional Council were in negotiations with tribal figures from the city for it to surrender to rebel forces. In a radio address on 1 September 2011, Gaddafi declared Sirte the new capital of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, replacing the former capital Tripoli , which had been captured by rebels. Anti-Gaddafi forces surrounded the city during September 2011 and began a long, difficult battle there, hoping to bring the war to an end. On 20 October, after suffering massive casualties during a siege that lasted over a month, NTC fighters mounted a major offensive and took control of the last remaining district of Sirte, "Number Two", that was in the hands of regime loyalists. Muammar Gaddafi attempted to flee the city, but he was injured and captured by fighters. He was killed in custody less than an hour later.

Sirte was left heavily damaged by a month of intense fighting, which was preceded by NATO airstrikes throughout the war. Many homes were ransacked and looted by fighters, angering residents including those loyal to Gaddafi and those sympathetic to the revolution. Many streets and buildings also experienced flooding as water mains were destroyed, though it was unclear by which side. Landmarks like the Ouagadougou Conference Center, which became an impromptu fortress for the city's defenders during the battle, were ruined by artillery fire and blasts. A number of Libyan residents and fighters described the city as unrecognisable after weeks of siege. After the civil war In April 2012, almost six months after the civil war, more than 70 percent of the inhabitants had returned to Sirte. Although rebuilding of the city started, unexploded ordnance still posed a great risk to civilians. In February 2012, some local residents said they felt abandoned by the National Transitional Council, but the new government has promised to rebuild the city and Deputy Prime Minister Mustafa Abushagur insists this will happen.

During the widespread chaos that followed the revolution, loyalists to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant managed to settle in the port city of Derna and, in February 2015, launched an attack that managed to seize Sirte. On August 10th, 2016. Libya Pro Government forces backed by United States Special Forces have taken control of the ISIS Headquarters in Sirte, Libya Al Ferjani Tribe revaluation against ISIL forces On 11 August 2015, Al Ferjani Tribe took up arms against ISIL forces in the city in an attempt to push them back over the city boundaries. The attempt ended in failure. ISIL forces surrounded the location of the rebellion, in Sirte's 'Number Three' neighborhood and shelled it with heavy weaponry. The Council of Deputies in Tobruk then called on surrounding Arab states to conduct air strikes on the city. The Arab League accepted there was a possibility of air strikes being conducted. The beginning and the end of the uprising Area No. 3 is located east of the city of Sirte near the port, a residential neighborhood adjacent agricultural area called (long area) ratios to the long cemetery in the area and most of the neighborhood No.

3 housing are Furjan tribe,The same tribe of Libyan army leader Khalifa Haftar The neighborhood was No. 3 last spot in the city of Sirte to fall in the hands of the organization of the Islamic State (Daash) was living as a thorn in the organization who could not even pass it did not register the case of the assassination or kidnappingOn the night of Monday August 11, 2015 at nine o'clock entered the car type Hyundai Sonata and the attempt to kidnap Sheikh Khalid bin Rajab Al Ferjany imam and preacher of the Mosque of Cordoba, which is located within the Area No. 3 and resisted Sheikh Khalid and killed one of the hijackers and was accompanied by Sheikh Khalid facilities Abdullah AlshaolyAL Ferjany which one person was killed The last of the hijackers and kidnappers when he knew he was no room for the kidnapping of Sheikh Khalid they killed him and wounded facilities Abdullah Alshaoly seriously injured.

On the second day at noon one o'clock after the body was buried Khaled Rajab tried to ISIL tried to siege cemetery to arrest all the attended the funeral the funeral would not pass quietly were weapons and ammunition processing and the approach of ISIL of gate of the cemetery was killed four members of ISIL on the spot and began the battle lasted for 3 days A mid fear and weakness of some of the people of Sirte he was killed in the battle of 30 people, mostly from the tribe of Al Furjan and other tribes that were hung and abuse by ISIL and the killing of members ISIL more than 200 people testified Hussein Alkrami official of the wing legitimate organization in one of his speeches in a mosque in Sirte ISIL was arrested 40 people from the tribe of Al Furjan and the sons of Area No. 3 and executed for the reason that involved in the battle The battle lasted for Tuesday, Wednesday and Thursday On Thursday morning, a group of fighters District No. 3 broke into the headquarters of ISIL his fort and been killed from 34 members of ISIL.

On the evening of Thursday, when the fighters knew they were trapped inside the neighborhood amid the fall of mortars and howitzers, fighters decided to get out by penetrating the ranks ISIL a procession featuring all armed men and weapons. When Khrojmqatlon Area No. 3 surprised of checkpoint of ISIL in the west of Sirte, and had managed to kill three militants District of Boozewas the checkpoint 20 fighter Daash The final battle ended at dawn on Saturday, August 15 to occupy the entire neighborhood organization and drops the last neighborhood in Sirte. See also List of cities in Libya Transport in Libya Sirte : definition of Sirte and synonyms of Sirte (English) ( help · info ) ; from Ancient Greek : Σύρτις ) is a city in Libya . It is on the south coast of the Gulf of Sidra (ancient Syrtis Major , from which Sirte's name derives). Sirte lies halfway between Tripoli and Benghazi . The settlement was established in the early 20th century by the Italians , at the site of a 19th-century fortress built by the Ottomans . It grew into a city after World War II .

Sirte was briefly the capital of Gaddafi-controlled Libya after the capture of Tripoli during the final days of the Libyan civil war . As the birthplace of Muammar Gaddafi , Sirte was favoured by the Gaddafi government . The city was the final major stronghold of Gaddafi loyalists in the Libyan civil war and Gaddafi was killed there by rebel forces on 20 October 2011. During the battle Sirte was left almost completely in ruins, with many buildings totally destroyed or damaged. [2] Six months after the civil war, almost 60,000 inhabitants, more than 70 percent of pre-war population, had returned. [3] Contents History Early history Sirte is built near the site of the ancient Phoenician city of Macomedes-Euphranta, [4] which was an important link on the road along the Mediterranean Sea littoral. The region had no recognized administrative centre and was infested for centuries by bandits. In Classical times, the coast was "proverbially dangerous to shipping", [5] called "inhospita Syrtis" in Virgil 's Aeneid .

[6] John Milton 's Paradise Lost Book 2 lines 939-940 speaks of "a boggy Syrtis, neither sea/Nor good dry land". Modern history In 1842 the Ottomans built a fortress at Marsat al Zaafran (" saffron harbour") which became known as Qasr al Zaafran ("saffron castle ), and later as Qasr Sert. The fortress was built under sultan Abdülmecid I as part of the restoration of Ottoman control over Tripolitania after the fall of the Karamanli dynasty . It was around this fortification, which was taken over and repaired by the Italians in 1912, that the settlement of Sirte grew up. [7] Sirte served as an administrative centre under Italian rule.

[8] During the North African Campaign of the Second World War there were no noteworthy events in this location, which was characterised at the time as "a shabby little Arab village of mud huts, clustered on the banks of a foul-smelling stream." [9] The village grew into a prominent town after the Second World War for two reasons – the discovery and exploitation of oil nearby and the birth of Muammar Gaddafi in 1942 in a tent at Qasr Abu Hadi , some 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Sirte. He was sent to the primary school at Sirte at the age of ten. [10] Gaddafi era After seizing power in 1969 , Gaddafi transformed Sirte into a showcase of his self-proclaimed revolution, carrying out an extensive programme of public works to expand the former village into a small city. After 1988, most government departments and the Libyan parliament were relocated from Tripoli to Sirte, although Tripoli remained formally the capital of the country. [11] Al-Tahadi University was established in 1991.

In 1999, Gaddafi proposed the idea of creating a " United States of Africa " with Sirte as its administrative centre. Ambitious plans to build a new international airport and seaport were announced in 2007. [12] In 1999, the Sirte Declaration was signed in the city by the Organisation of African Unity in a conference that was hosted by Gaddafi. In 2007 he also hosted talks in Sirte to broker a peace agreement between the government of Sudan and warring factions in Darfur . [13] In 2008, China Railway Construction Corporation won a $2.6 billion bid in Libya to build a west-to-east coastal railway 352 km (219 mi) from Khoms to Sirte and a south-to-west railway 800 km (500 mi) long for iron ore transport from the southern city Sabha to Misrata . [14] Libyan civil war Further information: Libyan civil war , Libyan rebel advance on Sirte , and Battle of Sirte (2011) On 5 March 2011, anti-Gaddafi forces said they were preparing to capture the city.

[15] However, on 6 March, the rebel advance was stopped during the Battle of Bin Jawad before reaching Sirte. Government forces launched a counter-offensive that recaptured Ra's Lanuf [16] [17] and continued to advance as far as the outskirts of the de facto rebel capital of Benghazi . Under United Nations Security Council Resolution 1973 , several Western and Arab countries then intervened with air and missile strikes, which turned the tide again in favour of the rebels. On 28 March, Al Jazeera reported that Sirte had been claimed to be taken by rebel forces overnight with little resistance, [18] but other news organisations later reported that rebels and Gaddafi forces were fighting on the road between Bin Jawad and Sirte. [19] By 30 March, Gaddafi loyalists had forced the rebels out of Bin Jawad and Ra's Lanuf and once again removed the immediate threat of an attack on Sirte. [20] In August, the city faced a more severe threat from the rebels as the loyalist position deteriorated rapidly, with rebels making gains on multiple fronts.

As Tripoli came under attack , other rebel forces based in Benghazi broke the military stalemate in the eastern desert, taking Brega and Ra's Lanuf . At the same time, rebels in Misrata pushed eastward along the coast towards Sirte, which then faced a pincer movement from the rebels on two fronts. [21] On 24 August, rebel units were reported as being 56 km (35 mi) from the city. [22] On 27 August, Bin Jawad – about 150 km east – was once again recaptured by the rebels. It was also reported that the National Transitional Council were in negotiations with tribal figures from the city for it to surrender to rebel forces. [23] In a radio address on 1 September 2011, Gaddafi declared Sirte the new capital of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya , replacing the former capital Tripoli , which had been captured by rebels. [24] Anti-Gaddafi forces surrounded the city during September 2011 and began a long, difficult battle there, hoping to bring the war to an end.

On 20 October, after suffering massive casualties during a siege that lasted over a month, NTC fighters mounted a major offensive and took control of the last remaining district of Sirte, "Number Two", that was in the hands of regime loyalists. Muammar Gaddafi attempted to flee the city, but he was injured and captured by fighters. He was killed in custody less than an hour later. [25] Sirte was left heavily damaged by a month of intense fighting, which was preceded by NATO airstrikes throughout the war. [26] Many homes were ransacked and looted by fighters, angering residents including those loyal to Gaddafi and those sympathetic to the revolution. [27] Many streets and buildings also experienced flooding as water mains were destroyed, though it was unclear by which side. [28] Landmarks like the Ouagadougou Conference Center, which became an impromptu fortress for the city's defenders during the battle, were ruined by artillery fire and blasts. A number of Libyan residents and fighters described the city as unrecognisable after weeks of siege.

[29] After the civil war In April 2012, almost six months after the civil war, more than 70 percent of the inhabitants had returned to Sirte. Although rebuilding of the city started, unexploded ordnance still posed a great risk to civilians. [3] In February 2012, some local residents said they felt abandoned by the National Transitional Council, but the new government has promised to rebuild the city and Deputy Prime Minister Mustafa Abushagur insists this will happen. [30] See also What is Sirte known for? What is Sirte known for? world year village into a small city. After 1988, most government departments and the Libyan parliament were relocated from Tripoli to Sirte, although Tripoli remained formally the capital of the country. "Libya". ''Europa World Year 2004'' Volume II, p. 2651. Taylor & Francis Group, 2004. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8 Al-Tahadi University was established in 1991.

In 1999, Gaddafi proposed the idea of creating a "United States of Africa" with Sirte as its support quot nationworld world la-fg-libya-nato-20111021,0,4843984.story?track rss&utm_source feedburner&utm_medium feed&utm_campaign Feed%3A+latimes%2Fmostviewed+%28L.A.+Times+-+Most+Viewed+Stories%29 "Kadafi slain against a backdrop of NATO support&quot; , ''Los Angeles Times'', October 21, 2011 6:45 pm. Retrieved 2011-10-21. toward Misrata. Fleishman, Jeffrey, and Henry Chu, fierce quot that the National Transitional Council were in negotiations with tribal figures from the city for it to surrender to rebel forces.

The '''United Nations Democracy Fund''' (UNDEF) was established by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan in July 2005 at the African Union Summit in Sirte, Libya, as a United Nations General Trust Fund under his authority.The Fund was launched by Prime Minister of world's largest deomocracy Shri Manmohan Singh and the then US President George Bush for promotion of democratic values Its primary purpose is to support democratization (democracy) throughout the world. UNDEF finances projects that build and strengthen democratic institutions, promote human rights, and ensure the participation of all groups in democratic processes. * The Executive Council of the African Union, meeting on March 7 and March 8, 2005 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), decided to propose that Africa is represented by two permanent members of the Security Council of the UN. These representatives will need to have the same rights as the other council members, notably the veto power. * A summit of the African Union was held in Sirte (Libya) on July 4 and July 5, 2005.

The African heads of states requested the G8 to totally cancel the debt of all African countries, and demanded that the continent is represented by two permanent members of the UN Security Council. Tripoli -Surt.ogg pronunciation ; from ), also spelled ''Sirt'', ''Surt'', ''Sert'' or ''Syrte'', is a city in Libya. It is on the south coast of the Gulf of Sidra (ancient Syrtis Major, from which Sirte's name is derived). Sirte lies halfway between Tripoli and Benghazi. The settlement was established in the early 20th century by the Italians (Italian Libya), at the site of a 19th-century fortress built by the Ottoman Tripolitania Ottomans village into a small city. After 1988, most government departments and the Libyan parliament were relocated from Tripoli to Sirte, although Tripoli remained formally the capital of the country. "Libya". ''Europa World Year 2004'' Volume II, p. 2651. Taylor & Francis Group, 2004.

ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8 Al-Tahadi University was established in 1991. In 1999, Gaddafi proposed the idea of creating a "United States of Africa" with Sirte as its Libya: Gaddafi's fighters force rebel retreat date 30 March 2011 In August, the city faced a more severe threat from the rebels as the loyalist position deteriorated rapidly, with rebels making gains on multiple fronts. As Tripoli came under attack (Battle of Tripoli (2011)), other rebel forces based in Benghazi broke the military stalemate in the eastern desert, taking Brega (Fourth Battle of Brega) and Ra's Lanuf. At the same time, rebels in Misrata pushed title work Tunisian border at Ras Ajdir to Tripoli, and on to Misrata, Sirte, Benghazi and Bayda (Bayda, Libya). Another railway line will run inland from Misrata to Sabha (Sabha, Libya) at the centre of a mineral-rich area.

The '''United Nations Democracy Fund''' (UNDEF) was established by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan in July 2005 at the African Union Summit in Sirte, Libya, as a United Nations General Trust Fund under his authority.The Fund was launched by Prime Minister of world's largest deomocracy Shri Manmohan Singh and the then US President George Bush for promotion of democratic values Its primary purpose is to support democratization (democracy) throughout the world. UNDEF finances projects that build and strengthen democratic institutions, promote human rights, and ensure the participation of all groups in democratic processes. * The Executive Council of the African Union, meeting on March 7 and March 8, 2005 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), decided to propose that Africa is represented by two permanent members of the Security Council of the UN. These representatives will need to have the same rights as the other council members, notably the veto power. * A summit of the African Union was held in Sirte (Libya) on July 4 and July 5, 2005.

The African heads of states requested the G8 to totally cancel the debt of all African countries, and demanded that the continent is represented by two permanent members of the UN Security Council. live coverage of his body showed that he had wounds in the abdomen, chest, and head. Rebels argued over whether to kill Gaddafi as he begged for his life – The Daily Telegraph – 21 October 2011 The '''United Nations Democracy Fund''' (UNDEF) was established by United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan in July 2005 at the African Union Summit in Sirte, Libya, as a United Nations General Trust Fund under his authority.The Fund was launched by Prime Minister of world's largest deomocracy Shri Manmohan Singh and the then US President George Bush for promotion of democratic values Its primary purpose is to support democratization (democracy) throughout the world. UNDEF finances projects that build and strengthen democratic institutions, promote human rights, and ensure the participation of all groups in democratic processes.

* The Executive Council of the African Union, meeting on March 7 and March 8, 2005 in Addis Ababa (Ethiopia), decided to propose that Africa is represented by two permanent members of the Security Council of the UN. These representatives will need to have the same rights as the other council members, notably the veto power. * A summit of the African Union was held in Sirte (Libya) on July 4 and July 5, 2005. The African heads of states requested the G8 to totally cancel the debt of all African countries, and demanded that the continent is represented by two permanent members of the UN Security Council. news ;ref long for iron ore transport from the southern city Sabha (Sabha, Libya) to Misrata. China Railway Construction Corporation website Libyan civil war On 5 March 2011, anti-Gaddafi forces said they were preparing to capture the city.

10 March 2011 accessdate 10 March 2011 url http: english.aljazeera.net news africa 2011 03 201131041228856242.html publisher Al Jazeera and continued to advance as far as the outskirts of the de facto rebel quot fierce that the National Transitional Council were in negotiations with tribal figures from the city for it to surrender to rebel forces. In a radio address on 1 September 2011, Gaddafi declared Sirte the new capital of the Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya attacking pronunciation ), is one of the districts (Districts of Libya) of Libya. It lies in the north of the country and borders the Gulf of Sidra. Its capital is the city of Sirte. Al-Tahadi University is located in Sirte.

The last operations of 1941 were in December, when the LRDG twice ferried the SAS to and from raids on Axis airfields, attacking the airfields at Sirte (twice), El Agheila, Ajdabia, Nofaliya and Tamit, and destroying 151 aircraft and 30 vehicles. ref name sho8 During the second raid at Sirte, the SAS devised a new method of attacking parked aircraft. They drove the LRDG trucks between the rows of aircraft, which were then engaged by machine guns and hand grenades. Prior to this the procedure had been to quietly infiltrate an airfield and place Lewes bombs on aircraft and vehicles, leaving before the bombs exploded, but this attack was so successful that it became the preferred method for attacking airfields. ref name sho8>

Question: Which city on the south coast of the Gulf of Sidra, halfway between Tripoli and Benghazi, was the birthplace, in 1942, of Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi?
Answer: SIRTE