Information on different types of blood groups Share Tweet Blood the elixir of life, is vital for effective functioning of the human body. The heart pumps and supplies blood through a network of arteries and veins, transporting essential nutrients and oxygen to the innumerable cells of the body. Blood helps eliminate waste and carbon dioxide from the body and helps combat infections. Where is Blood formed? Blood cells are formed in the bone marrow, which is a soft spongy jelly-like substance made up of certain cells, fat and blood besides other substances. Numerous types of red and white blood cells are formed in the bone marrow everyday with most of the bones producing blood, as in the case of children, although in adults only certain regions such as the pelvis ribs and spine form blood. What is blood made up of? The adult human body comprises of 4 to 6 litres of blood, which is roughly about 7 to 8 percentage of the total body weight . Blood is a combination of red and white blood cells and platelets in a watery liquid form known as plasma. About 45% of the blood consists of cells while the remaining 55% comprises of plasma.

Plasma Plasma is a pale yellow liquid portion of the blood mostly made up of water, proteins, sugar, fat, potassium and calcium salts. One of the chief functions of plasma is to act as a carrier for blood cells, nutrients, enzymes and hormones. The Plasma, that transports blood to all the cells, enzymes and hormones also contains many chemicals that help blood to form clots necessary to stop bleeding. Red Blood cells The Red blood cells, known as erythrocytes consist of a special protein called haemoglobin that distribute oxygen to all parts of the body and eliminate carbon dioxide from the tissues. These cells make up 40 to 45 % of the blood with the haemoglobin containing iron that gives them the characteristic bright red colour. White blood cells The White blood cells or leukocytes produce proteins known as antibodies, which prevent the invasion of bacteria, viruses and other foreign bodies. These are circulated and transmitted in the body, where they finally reach the area of infection, to destroy the bacteria. Any increase in white blood cells indicates a possibility of infection in the body. Platelets The platelets or thrombocytes are unevenly shaped, colourless cell fragments in the blood.

They are sticky in nature and contain substances that form clots to protect bleeding. When bleeding occurs from a wound, certain chemicals are released in order to complete the process of blood clotting which stop bleeding. The platelets clump together, thereby obstructing blood flow. What is a Blood Type? Karl Landsteiner, an Austrian scientist, in the year 1901, illustrated that blood may be grouped into four Types namely A, B, AB and O. The protein molecules on the surface of the blood called antigens or agglutinogens and the antibodies present in the plasma ascertain the blood Type. These substances act as a natural defense against invasion of foreign bodies and prevent infection. The ABO system of Blood Grouping The four basic blood groups in combination within the ABO systems categorize each blood group. Type A Blood Group Type A is established when A antigens are present on the surface of the red blood cells with anti B bodies in the plasma. Type B Blood group Type B blood is determined with B antigens present on the surface of the red blood cells and antibodies A in the plasma.

Type AB Blood Group The presence of both A and B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells along with the absence of A and B antibodies in the plasma make the AB blood group. Type O Blood Group The absence of both A and B antigens on the surface of the red blood cells combined with the presence of both A and B antibodies in the plasma is Typed as O blood group. The Rh factors in the Blood Another blood group system includes the Rhesus factor. This is determined with the presence or absence of a protein known as the RhD antigen. If this protein is present in the red blood cells then the blood group is termed RhD positive and if these proteins are absent they fall into the category of RhD negative. The term Rhesus is derived from the Rhesus monkeys because the RhD antigen proteins were first discovered in the blood of these species. These combined with the ABO system of blood grouping may fall one among the eight blood group Types known as A+, A-, B+, B-, AB+, AB-, O+, or O-. Loading... Genetic Inheritance of Blood Types Similar to the characteristic traits that an individual inherits from his parents, so also is the blood Type, which has a genetic inheritance.

Each individual inherits one gene each from the parents, which according to scientific terminology are known as alleles, that determines a person’s blood Type. Whatever may be the blood group of the person like A, B, AB or O is based on the blood Types of both the parents. The gene for both Type A and B are dominant, while the gene for Type O is recessive. Therefore, a person with Type A could have a genetic combination of either AA or AO. This is because Type A make Type O gene obscure. The same aspect applies to Type B too. Unless a person has both Types as O, devoid of a dominant Type A or B gene, he cannot be categorized as Type O. The possibility of a person’s blood group with genetic pairing is given below. Blood Types Compatibility The universal receiver is the AB+ blood group. Therefore, anyone belonging to this group may receive any other blood Type without any dangers involved. AB- blood group may receive blood from any Rh-negative groups such as A-, B-, or O- to avoid any kind of complications. A+ blood group may receive blood from groups A+, A- , O+, or O-, while A- may do so from A- and O-.

The donors for B+ may be from blood groups B+, B-, O+, or O-., wherein for B- may be B- or O-. The universal donors are however grouping O- as they may donate blood to any blood Type without causing any kind of adverse reactions. This is because the blood, devoid of antigens may not attack the immune system of the person receiving it. Risk Factors There are possibilities of the blood cells clumping together in the blood vessels when two different blood Types are mixed. This may lead to blockage of blood vessels followed by lack of blood circulation to various parts of the body. Besides these aspects, the red blood cells may crack because of clumping and there might be possibilities of leakage, leading to mortality. Therefore, it is highly imperative to match the blood Types to avoid harmful implications. During pregnancy A Rh- expectant mother may endanger the foetus if the fathers blood Type happens to be Rh+. This way there are possibilities of the mother forming antibodies against the baby’s blood. Interesting titbits According to Japanese and Korean culture, it is believed that a person’s blood type reveals his/her personality. Just check the Japanese personality chart below. The Blood Typing Game - Tutorial 1: What is a blood type?

Tutorial 1 What is a blood type? Before Nobel Prize awarded Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO human blood groups in 1901, it was thought that all blood was the same. This misunderstanding led to fatal blood transfusions. Later, in 1940, Landsteiner was part of discovering another blood group, the Rh blood group system. There are many blood group systems known today, but the ABO and the Rh blood groups are the most important ones used for blood transfusions. The designation Rh is derived from the Rhesus monkey in which the existence of the Rh blood group was discovered. What is blood made up of? An adult human has about 4–6 liters of blood circulating in the body. Among other things, blood transports oxygen to various parts of the body. Blood consists of several types of cells floating around in a fluid called plasma. Image source: National Cancer Institute, USA. Photo: Bruce Wetzel and Harry Schaefer This is a scanning electron microscope image of human blood. The red blood cells contain hemoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen. Red blood cells transport oxygen to, and remove carbon dioxide from, the body tissues. The white blood cells fight infection.

One type of infection-fighting white blood cells fight disease by producing antibodies and thus destroying foreign materia. The platelets help the blood to clot, if you get a wound for example. The plasma contains salts and various kinds of proteins. How do the blood types differ? Our blood types are determined by heredity. People belong to either of eight different blood types: A Rh+, A Rh-, B Rh+, B Rh-, AB RH+, AB Rh-, 0 Rh+, or 0 Rh- . The eight blood types have different combinations of certain molecules, antigens, on the surface of the red blood cells. The A and B antigens are sugars and the Rh antigens are proteins. The antigens expressed in the red blood cells determine an individual's blood type. Also the combination of some other molecules floating around in the blood plasma differs between the eight blood types, the so called antibodies. You can have A or/and B or/and Rh antigens or none of them. You can have A or/and B or/and Rh antibodies or none of them. All eight blood types Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): A indicates there are A antigens.

(Rh- indicates there are no Rh antigens) Antibodies (in the blood plasma): B antibodies. Rh antibodies. (If there are A antigens but no B nor Rh antigens, the antibodies in the blood plasma are B and Rh antibodies.) The blood type notation A Rh- indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood. Blood type A Rh+ Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): A indicates there are A antigens. Rh+ indicates there are Rh antigens. Antibodies (in the blood plasma): B antibodies. If there are A and Rh antigens but no B antigens, the antibodies in the blood plasma are B antibodies. The blood type notation A Rh+ indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood. Blood type B Rh- Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): B indicates there are B antigens. (Rh- indicates there are no Rh antigens.) Antibodies (in the blood plasma): A antibodies. Rh antibodies.

(If there are B antigens but no A nor Rh antigens, the antibodies in the blood plasma are A and Rh antibodies.) The blood type notation B Rh- indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood. Blood type B Rh+ Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): B indicates there are B antigens. Rh+ indicates there are Rh antigens. Antibodies (in the blood plasma): A antibodies. If there are B and Rh antigens but no A antigens, the antibodies in the blood plasma are A antibodies. The blood type notation B Rh+ indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood. Blood type AB Rh- Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): AB indicates there are both A and B antigens. (Rh- indicates there are no Rh antigens.) Antibodies (in the blood plasma): Rh antibodies. (If there are A and B antigens but no Rh antigens, the antibodies in the blood plasma are Rh antibodies.) The blood type notation AB Rh- indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood.

Blood type AB Rh+ Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): AB indicates there are both A and B antigens. Rh+ indicates there are Rh antigens. Antibodies (in the blood plasma): No antibodies! (If all possible antigens are present, A, B and Rh antigens, there are no antibodies in the blood plasma.) The blood type notation AB Rh+ indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood. Blood type O Rh- Type O blood gets its name because it has neither A nor B antigens! In other languages O is often pronounced as "null". Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): No antigens! (O indicates there are neither A nor B antigens.) (Rh- indicates there are no Rh antigens.) Antibodies (in the blood plasma): A antibodies. B antibodies. Rh antibodies. (If there are no antigens at all on the surface of the red blood cells, all three possible antibodies are present in the blood plasma: A, B and Rh antibodies.) The blood type notation O Rh- indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood.

Blood type O Rh+ Type O blood gets its name because it has neither A nor B antigens! In other languages O is often pronounced as "null". Antigens (on the surface of the red blood cells): (0 indicates there are neither A nor B antigens.) Rh+ indicates there are Rh antigens. Antibodies (in the blood plasma): A antibodies. B antibodies (If there are Rh antigens but no A nor B antigens, the antibodies present in the blood plasma are A and B antibodies.) The blood type notation O Rh+ indicates which antigens and antibodies are present in the blood. Disclaimer: The fact that people with Rh- blood do not naturally have Rh antibodies in the blood plasma (as one can have A or B antibodies, for instance) is not taken into consideration in this game. In reality a person with Rh- blood can develop Rh antibodies in the blood plasma if he or she receives blood from a person with Rh+ blood. The received blood cells with Rh antigens can trigger the production of Rh antibodies in an individual with Rh- blood. In the game one has to pretend that all patients with Rh- blood type has received Rh+ blood in previous blood transfusions.

Also, the antibodies are here referred to as A antibodies, B antibodies and Rh antibodies. These are also commonly referred to as anti A antibodies, anti B antibodies, and anti Rh antibodies. Blood Typing Systems Other Than ABO - BloodBook, Blood Information for Life BLOOD TYPING SYSTEMS OTHER THAN ABO BLOODBOOK.COM BLOOD TYPES AND LISTS OF 'OTHER' VALUABLE BLOOD TYPING SYSTEMS USED FOR BLOOD TYPES AND BLOOD TYPING REFERENCE AND BLOOD TEST TYPE RESEARCH - DIFFERENCES IN BLOOD TYPES. First A Word About ABO Incompatibility . Blood Types and Blood type systems are critical to accurately evaluation and categorizing our Blood. Transfusing a patient with the incorrect ABO group Blood may have fatal consequences. Donor red cells may be destroyed by an antibody in the recipient's plasma. The rapid intravascular hemolysis which occurs in ABO incompatible transfusions can precipitate severe disseminated coagulation (DIC), prolonged hypotension, acute uraemia and even death. It has also been recognized that a potent anti-A or anti-B in donor Blood of group O may destroy the A or B red cells of a non-O recipient.

This, together with the discovery of other red cell group systems, has completely altered the significance of the term 'universal donor' which is often applied to Blood of group O. Group O Blood has neither A nor B Antigens. In the past, type O Blood was given to anyone. Donors of Blood group O were, in years past, referred to as 'universal donors.' Today, because of a better understanding of the complex issues regarding immune reaction related to incompatible donor Blood cells, type O Blood is no longer automatically seen as being suitable in most every case. Group AB Blood has neither anti A nor anti B antibodies, so any Blood can be transfused into it. Hence, persons with Blood group AB have often been seen as 'universal recipients.' [ view full text HERE ] In 1901 Karl Landsteiner discovered that when the Blood of one human being was transfused with that of another human being, differences in their Blood might well be the cause of shock, jaundice, and the Blood disorder hemoglobinuria that had resulted through earlier Blood transfusions.

Landsteiner classified human Blood into A, B, and O groups and demonstrated that transfusions between humans of group A or B did not result in the destruction of new Blood cells and that this catastrophe occurred only when a person was transfused with the Blood of a person belonging to a different group. A fourth main Blood type, AB was found in 1902 by A. Decastrello and A. Sturli. From that time, differing Blood typing systems have been devised. Historically the naming of Blood grouping systems has been disorganized. The common conventions stipulating that dominant traits be given capital letters and recessive traits be designated with lower case letters have not been followed. Also by tradition, red cell antigens were given alphabetical designations or were named after the family of the antibody producer. The International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) has instituted a numerical system of nomenclature to help standardize red cell Blood group terminology. This convention mandates that each system and collection has been given a number and letter designation, and each antigen within the system is numbered sequentially in order of discovery. As of this writing, over 20 Blood group systems and seven antigen collections have been defined.

High-prevalence or "public" antigens and low-prevalence or "private" antigens that are not associated with known systems or collections also are delineated in numbered series. Some systems (i. e. H, Ii, Lewis) delineate naturally occurring antibodies, but most of the other systems give rise to iso-antibodies, which result from incompatible transfusions and pregnancy. Following here is an ISBT Type/Class Chart. CONVENTIONAL NAME 11 The MNSs System This system was discovered by injecting animals with human red cells. There are two loci: M/N and S/s. The antigens are M, N, S, and s. There are naturally occurring (IgM) antibodies to all these antigens. Anti-S and anti-s commonly develop immune characteristics (IgG class) as a result of pregnancy or transfusion. The P System This system was also discovered by injecting animals with human red cells. P1 is the most common antigen which has variable strength of expression. Anti-P1 may be naturally occurring. It is most often an IgM antibody. The Lutheran (Lu) System This system is a single locus system, with antigens Lua and Lub.

The Lu(a) negative phenotype is very rare. Antibodies to Lutheran antigens are IgG. The genes of the Lutheran group are linked to the genes responsible for the secretion of ABH substances. The Kell System In this system there are four antigens at two loci: K (Kell) and k (cellano), and Kpa and Kpb. The Kp(a+) phenotype and the Kp(a-b-) phenotype are both rare. The Knull phenotype K- k- Kp(a-b-) is associated with chronic granulomatus disease (CGD), an inherited defect in the bacterial capacity of neutrophils. Antibodies to Kell system antigens are IgG. Named for the family of the antibody producer Mrs. Kellacher. The Lewis System This system was focuses on a single locus with two antigens, Le a and Le b. These antigens do not form an integral part of the red cell membrane, but are soluble antigens which may be present in body fluids and secretions. They are adsorbed on to the surface of red cells if they are present in the plasma in sufficient amounts.

There are only three phenotypes: Le(a-b-); Le(a+b-); and Le(a-b+). Lewis phenotypes may change during pregnancy. Examples of Le(a+b+) are only transient. Lewis antibodies are only found in Le(a-b-) individuals, and are almost entirely IgM. They are the only Blood group antibodies which have never been implicated in HDN (hemolytic disease of the newborn.) The Duffy System The Duffy system is also a single locus with two antigens, Fy a and Fy b. The only rare phenotype is Fy(a-b-), which has a higher frequency in countries where there is a high incidence of Plasmodium falciparium malaria. This phenotype gives a degree of immunity to the disease because the malarial parasite requires Duffy antigens to enter the red cells. Duffy antibodies are almost exclusively IgG. This system is named after the family of the antibody producer, Duffy. The Kidd (Jk) System Another single locus system, two antigen system (Jka and Jkb). There are four possible phenotypes: Jk(a-b-); Jk(a+b-); Jk(a-b+); Jk(a+b+). Jk(a-b-) is a rare phenotype.

Antibodies to the Kidd antigens are almost exclusively IgG. Incompatible transfusion or pregnancy can lead to the formation of antibodies to all these Blood groups, if the recipient/mother lacks the relevant antigen. It is possible to detect all red cell antibodies using an antibody detection panel and different detection techniques. (Some antibodies, usually IgM class, react best at room temperature or cooler, and some work best at 37 degrees entigrade). If an antibody is detected in a serum the red cells from that patient are tested for the presence of the antigen. Antigen detection techniques also vary according to the nature of the antibody-antigen interaction. The presence of a particular antibody specifically excludes the patient from carrying that antigen. The Rhesus (Rh) System The Rhesus system is the most important of the other commonly utilized Blood grouping systems. It was discovered by Landsteiner and Weiner in 1940.

Their experiment was to produce an antibody to the red cells of the Rhesus monkey in rabbits and guinea pigs, but they discovered that not only did the antibody in the rodents' serum agglutinate the Rhesus monkey red cells, it also agglutinated the red cells of 85% of the human population. If an individual's red cells were clumped together by this antiserum, they were said to have the Rhesus factor on their red cells (i. e. Rh positive). If an individual's cells were not agglutinated by the antiserum, they were said to lack the Rhesus factor (i. e. Rh negative). The Fisher System It is now known that the Rh system is very complex, and our present understanding is based on the Fisher system. There are three genes making up Rhesus antigens: C, D, and E, found on chromosome 1. There are two possible alleles at each locus: c or C; d or D; and e or E. One haplotype consisting of c/C, d/D, e/E is inherited from each parent, and the resulting Rhesus type of the individual depends on their inherited genotype.

The haplotypes are given a code as follows in the table below. Haplotype Rhesus Monkeys, Rhesus Monkey Pictures, Rhesus Monkey Facts - National Geographic Size relative to a 6-ft (2-m) man Please add a "relative" entry to your dictionary. Rhesus monkeys are familiar brown primates with red faces and rears. They have close-cropped hair on their heads, which accentuates their very expressive faces. Rhesus monkeys are Asian, Old World monkeys. Their natural range includes Afghanistan, Pakistan, India, Southeast Asia, and China. A few troops of introduced rhesus monkeys now live wild in Florida. These intelligent animals can adapt to many habitats, and some can even become accustomed to living in human communities. This is most common in India, where Hindus regard the animals as sacred and usually leave them undisturbed. The rhesus monkey's typical diet includes roots, fruit, seeds, and bark, but also insects and small animals. They live in active, noisy troops that can include up to 200 animals. Though these monkeys are good climbers (and swimmers), troops spend a lot of time on the ground.

Males are the dominant sex, but they do not remain with troops permanently, so female monkeys lead these communities. Because troops include multiple mature males and females, their members are sexually promiscuous. Females usually produce one young each year, which will be raised by its mother within the very social environment of the troop. Rhesus monkeys have an important history with humans and have aided a great deal of medical and scientific research. Rhesus antigens found in their blood enabled doctors to identify the different human blood groups. These primates also preceded humans into space. How did blood types get their names? - Quora Quora How did blood types get their names? Where did 'O', 'A', 'B', etc. come from as the names for blood types? Answer Wiki 3 Answers James Byrne , PhD in Microbiology. Full-time Science Communicator at the Royal Institution of Australia. Previously an Associate Le... Written Jan 8, 2011 The blood groups derive their names from particular structures called oligosaccharides (simply a kind of sugar) on the surface of the red blood cells (RBC). There are 2 types of sugar, sugar A and sugar B, whose combination determines part of the names.

A = only sugar A AB = both sugar A and B O = no sugar group The other major factor is the presence/absence of the protein called Rhesus factor (Rh). Those with the Rh are said to be 'positive', those without are 'negative'. So a person who is blood group A positive has RBC's that have sugar A and Rh on their surface. Updated Sep 30 At the beginning of the 20th century an Austrian scientist, Karl Landsteiner, noted that the RBCs (Red Blood Cells) of some individuals were agglutinated by the serum from other individuals. He made a note of the patterns of agglutination and showed that blood could be divided into groups. This marked the discovery of the first blood group system, ABO, and earned Landsteiner a Nobel Prize. Landsteiner explained that the reactions between the RBCs and serum were related to the presence of markers (antigens) on the RBCs and antibodies in the serum. Agglutination occurred when the RBC antigens were bound by the antibodies in the serum.

He called the antigens A and B, and depending upon which antigen the RBC expressed, blood either belonged to blood group A or blood group B. A third blood group contained RBCs that reacted as if they lacked the properties of A and B, and this group was named "O" after the first letter of the German word "Ohne", which means "without". The following year the fourth blood group whose RBCs expressed both A and B antigens, was added to the ABO blood group system. These were called AB. Monkey Blood, RH Negative Blood Types, Presidents And Royalty | In Pursuit of Happiness In Pursuit of Happiness Posted on AugustSat, 18 Aug 2012 17:58:58 +00005818pm12 PMpSat, 18 Aug 2012 17:58:58 +000058Saturday 13, 2012 We have all seen various discussions concerning RH negative blood types. It seems to be the dominant blood group of European royalty who feel they have the right to rule through DNA and a relationship they claim through the Merovingian blood line.

The shroud of Turin is supposed to verify this showing Jesus as RH negative but many insist it is a fake. There is no denying we have many former presidents with this blood type as well as fairly well publicized people. We read glowing reports that such people are sensitive and caring but I am not seeing this outside of possibly John Kennedy. Possibly you have seen articles concerning the ability of royals to shape shift. It does seem a bit bizarre to me, but not something I could prove either way. We do know the human embryo does have a tail at about 3 months. It is called in Sanskrit the caudo draconis, in latin the dragon’s tail. Now the interesting part is we are told many RH negatives are born with the tail intact to varying degrees! They go through life with a small tail. I have never run into this but it is interesting. I have left various links here concerning this topic, some of the propositions I don’t agree with. Nevertheless it adds to the discussion. The CAUDA EQUINA is the bundle of spinal nerve roots arising from the end of the spinal cord and filling the lower part of the spinal canal(from approximately the thoraco-lumbar junction down).

Embryology : Caudally the tail region projects over the cloacal membrane. The Basque are known as a maritime group and are the largest known RH negative group. They do not seem to enjoy any special favors when it comes to the European movers and shakers. In fact at times they seem persecuted as do Palestinians, American indians, Japanese Ainu, the white tribe which was pushed to almost extinction in Japan and have large percentages of RH negative blood. They also have one of the highest percentages of rare AB blood type. Why would this be the case? RH negatives do seem to experience a high rate of disappearance. Is there a DNA or blood type needed for something we know little about? Monkey Blood Here is another theory. “The Reptilians are tracking those with Rh-Negative Factor Blood. Going back into time…. the Rh-Neg Hybrids came from the DRACO Caverns in the Carpathian Mountains. They were mostly RED Haired, with Green Eyes and Black haired, with Brown Eyes. They tried to infiltrate themselves into the Blond/Brown Haired, with Blue Eyes, Civilization. They wanted to Mate with those who were not Rh-Negatives.

Most Rh-Negs have a Lower Body temperature and Blood pressure than Rh-Positives. Many Rh-Negs are born with a CAUDA(tail) or an Extra Vertebra (Tail Bone). Rh-Negs are Hybrids. They are Part Reptilian/part human. If two Rh-Negs try to have a baby it will usually die or be born a “BLUE Baby”, because it is Not processing oxygen properly. Thus “Blue-Bloods”, if they survive. 5% of the Earth’s population are currently Rh-Negatives. But, they are 15% of the population of the England and the USA.” “Dr. Luigi Cavalli-Sforza from Stanford University wrote an article entitled “Genes, Peoples and Languages” (Scientific American, Nov.’91). He pointed out the high Rh-negative concentrations among the people of Morocco, the Basque country of Euskadi, Ireland, Scotland and the Norwegian islands.” The only people among these still to speak their original neolithic language were the Basques…” From ~edonon/intro.html Those who originated in Samaria have a high percentage of RH negative blood, as do some American Indian groups.

We have to wonder about the American Indian trait of becoming blood brothers. Were they mixing antigens or what was going on? Were some of the native American hostilities based on blood type? The totem poles were carefully designed records of genealogy. We know that native Americans referred to some as “evil spirits”? The Greeks considered the blood of the Gods to be poisonous to mortals. The Chinese and Africans have almost no RH negative blood types. Sumerian tablets, Vedas, the Atrahasis explicitly say the Nefilim were different from the subjects they created on earth. They were surprised when the initial humans had foreskins as they did not. We might assume this lead to the practice of circumcision as the earthlings wished to be as the Gods. There is a quote in Genesis where the Lord of the Universe says something to other Nefilim along the lines of, the earthlings wish to be like us. What is up with the story of Michael slaying the “reptilian” dragon? Former President Eisenhower Type O-Neg Former President John F. Kennedy Type AB-Neg Former President Richard Nixon Type O-Neg Former President Bill Clinton AB-Neg Former President George W. Bush Sr.

Type A-Neg Monarchs Pharaoh Ramses II Type B-Neg Shroud Of Turin was AB-Neg is this correct? Prince Charles Type O-Neg and his late Grandmother Queen Elizabeth Type O-Neg Prince William is also negative Interesting Authors Erik Von Daniken Type O-Neg Robert Anton Wilson Type Neg Celebrities Mick Jagger Type AB-Neg (Of running with the devil fame) Fox Mulder “X-files” Type O-Neg Marilyn Monroe was Type AB-Neg Dan Aykroyd Type O-Neg O.J. Simpson is Type A-Neg “who killed” Ron Goldman Type O-Neg “The researches of R. Frank, a scholar at the University of Iowa, suggest that the Basques were far-advanced in navigational skills and other aspects of technology long before the rise of the Roman Empire.

The Basques, she believes, are the last remnants of the megalith builders, who left behind dolmens, standing stones, and other rock structures all across Europe and perhaps even in eastern North America.” “Two facts set the Basque peoples apart from the other Europeans who have dominated the continent the past 3,000 years: (1) The Basque language is distinctly different; and (2) The Basques have the highest recorded level of Rh-negative blood (roughly twice that of most Europeans), as well as substantially lower levels of Type B blood and a higher incidence of Type O blood.” Southern France and Northern Spain is where you can find most of the RH-negative factor in the Basque people. Another group is the Eastern/Oriental Jews. In general, about 40 – 45% of Europeans have the RH-negative group. Only about 3% of African descendents and about 1% of Asian or Native Americans have the RH-negative group although in some groups it appears to be relatively high. Due to the larger European numbers, it is a safe bet that was where it was introduced into the human genetic code. Could this also be where the Caucasian was introduced?

Is the introduction of the Caucasian related to the RH-blood factor? The caucasian is generally associated with Cromagnon man. Is it a factor in bio specific weapon production? It has been proven that the majority of mankind (85%) has a blood factor seen in the rhesus monkey. It is called rhesus positive blood. Usually shortened to Rh positive. This factor is not related to the AB, A, B, O blood types. RH negative factor has to be a mutation or points out descendants from a different family tree. Negative blood types cannot be cloned. You can breed a horse and a donkey but the mule will be sterile. It has been proven that the majority of mankind (85%) has a blood factor in common with the rhesus monkey. This is called rhesus positive blood. Usually shortened to Rh positive. This factor is completely a separate issue from the A, B, O blood types. Here’s a sciencey perspective on Rh- blood. ”(The interesting bit is that no solid scientific explanation exists as to how or why Rh- blood came about.

It is presumed to be the result of a random mutation.) What we know is somehow a mother will build up antibodies to reject an alien factor and this does not happen anywhere else in nature. This is the mother’s body rejecting her own offspring. It suggest cross breeding between different species. This does not lend credence to all of us being from the Noah family tree and suggests a control system whether through ignorance or by design.” “Only 5 percent of the entire world were said to be Rh negative, when I first started researching it. Now, it is stated that the Rh negative factor is 15 percent of the world’s blood types. I think this may have come about due to more research that has been done in third world countries, and in areas of the world where scientists had no communications with data. The theories of the origins on the phenomena of the Rh negative blood types have been vast, strange and controversial. Some of these theories of which mostly, I truly don’t believe, but it is fodder for some bizarre coincidences, and hopefully enlightening into this mystery.” “The Rh negative blood type is said to be of unknown origin.

There is no one scientist that can give a single reason for its existence other than a mutation that occurred tens of thousands of years ago. I gathered a lot of pseudo, and actual details over the years of which are amusing, and contradictory to what I really think was the cause of this negative blood type factor.” There are of course theories of genes brought to earth by the Annunaki. One was the Enki. The Enuma Elish indicates they came from heaven to earth in flying machines. It seems on further review this is where tales in the bible were first plagarized. The royal families of Europe claim to be descendants of the Gods and blue bloods as a result of their RH negative blood type. What if they are wrong and RH negative is not even the key factor in blood types? I don’t take it as a given they even know what they are talking about. Peter whom Jesus had given the keys to heaven was quoted as saying that “we will be judging angels.” Bear in mind however there is no evidence Peter or Jesus were RH negative. The rarest of blood groups is AB. Individuals with the blood group AB contain both antigen A and antigen B. Thus, they can receive blood from individuals of all blood groups.

Nevertheless, people with AB blood group can donate blood only to people who have the AB blood group. One researcher believes all groups were at one time AB and copper deficiency causes deterioration down to type O and reduces life span. So we really don’t know do we? It could be that AB is the original blood group. I tend to believe that might be the case, but what of the RH negative factor? I hardly think it is a mutation. Some say O is the strongest blood and others like Boutillier disagree and say AB is the original blood type. AB positive is almost as rare as AB negative. So there is much disagreement. Most all say never take a blood transfusion as there are over 5000 varying blood factors. Rh-negative women and men have several “Unusual Traits” that Rh-positives don’t. Some call them “Reptilian Traits”. An EXTRA-Vertebra (a “Tail Bone”)….some are born with a tail(called a “Cauda”). Lower than normal Body Temperature Lower than normal Blood Pressure Higher mental analytical abilities. Higher Negative-ion shielding (from positive “charged” virus/bacteria)around the body. High Sensitivity to EM and ELF Fields.

“Most do not know that as RHO-Neg individuals, they are tracked throughout their whole lives by world-wide governmental agencies interested in understanding the genesis of this group, and for other more complex societal purposes. (follow this line of thought in the new material to be posted as a continuation of Journey to the Absolute Elsewhere) Here are a few tidbits about this blood thing. In ALL blood groups there exists a common microbe that in essence is THE LIFE FORCE ITSELF. During experiments that our team conducted we heated the blood to 700 degrees F and also put it in Liquid Nitrogen. This microbe which is visible only with a highly modified dark field microscope that was custom built for us was STILL ALIVE. We have also tested this on ´mummy dust´. This microbe is STILL alive after 5000 years plus when the mummy dust is placed in a ph perfect solution the same as the “live blood”, it returns back to ´life´.” And then we have the satanic vampire cult blood drinkers who seem to be convinced the “life is in the blood.”

Question: What kind of monkey gives it's name to a type of blood group?
Answer: Rhesus