St. Kentigern Mungo - Saints & Angels - Catholic Online St. Kentigern Mungo Author and Publisher - Catholic Online Facts Patron of Glasgow; Scotland; Penicuik; salmon; those accused of infidelity; against bullies Death: 603 Take the Saints Trivia Quiz now! First bishop of the Strathclyde Britons. By tradition, he was the son of a British princess. His nickname, Mungo, means "dear one" or "darling." He was raised by St. Serf and be. came a hermit near Glasgow, Scotland. Driven into exile after being consecrated a bishop circa 540, Kentigern went to St. David in Wales. There he possibly founded St. Asaph Monastery at Llanelwy. In 553, he returned to Scotland to continue his labors. With St. Theneva, he is patron of Glasgow. He is also venerated as the Apostle of Northwestern England and Southwestern Scotland.

Saint Mungo: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland Glasgow Cathedral Saint Mungo, also known as Saint Kentigern, Cantigernus or Cyndeyrn Garthwys, lived from 528 to 13 January 614. He is the patron saint and founder of the City of Glasgow. The wider picture at the time is set out in our Historical Timeline. According to the Life of Saint Mungo written by the monk, Jocelin of Furness, in about 1185, Mungo's mother was Princess Theneva (or Denw) daughter of Loth, the King of the Gododdin, who ruled an area centred on today's East Lothian. After an illicit encounter with her cousin, the young King Owain of North Rheged, now part of Galloway, Princess Theneva fell pregnant. Her unamused father had her tied to a chariot and launched off Traprain Law. It miraculously landed softly, hurting neither Theneva or her unborn child. The Gododdin, now believing Theneva also to be a witch, then cast her adrift in a coracle without oars on the River Forth.

She drifted up-river and came ashore at Culross in Fife, where Kentigern was born. Kentigern was given the name Mungo, meaning something like "dear one", by St Serf, who ran a monastery at Culross and took in both mother and son. St Serf then oversaw Mungo's upbringing. At the age of 25, Mungo began his missionary work on the banks of the River Clyde. Here he was welcomed by people previously converted to Christianity by St Ninian, and here Mungo built his church, close to the confluence of the River Clyde and the Molendinar Burn. Since the 1200s the site of this early church has formed part of Glasgow Cathedral. Mungo worked on the banks of the River Clyde for 13 years until the anti-Christian King Morken of Strathclyde drove him out in about AD565. Mungo made his way through Cumbria to Wales, where he spent time with St David, possibly founded a cathedral at St Asaph, and even found time for a pilgrimage to Rome.

But in the 570s King Rhydderch Hael of Strathclyde, having overthrown Morken, invited Mungo to become Archbishop of Strathclyde. Mungo initially based himself in northern Galloway. In August 584 Mungo is said to have converted the bard Merlin to Christianity near the site of a church he later founded: Stobo Kirk. Mungo later returned to the River Clyde, where his church became the focus of a large community that became known as Clas-gu or "dear family". From these beginnings emerged the modern city of Glasgow. It was at Clas-gu that Mungo was visited by Saint Columba, who at the time was working as a missionary in central Scotland. It was here, too, that Mungo died, apparently in his bath (or while giving a baptismal service: interpretations differ), on Sunday 13 January 614. He was buried close by his church, and today his tomb lies in the centre of the Lower Choir of Glasgow Cathedral, probably on the actual site of his grave.

In order to make someone a Saint, it was necessary to proved that the candidate had performed miracles during their lifetime. St Mungo was said to have preformed four, referred to in a poem: Here is the bird that never flew Here is the tree that never grew Here is the bell that never rang Here is the fish that never swam In the first, he is said to have restored life to the pet robin of St Serf, which had been killed by some of his fellow classmates in Culross, hoping to blame him for its death. In the second he used branches of a tree to restart a fire at St Serf's monastery that had gone out because Mungo had fallen asleep while he was meant to be watching it. The third relates to a miraculous bell he brought back with him from Rome. And the fourth involved the story of Queen Languoreth of Strathclyde being accused of infidelity by her husband, King Riderich, who alleged she had given her wedding ring to her lover when, in reality, the king had himself thrown it into the river. Facing execution, the Queen appealed to St Mungo, who ordered a servant to catch a fish from the river.

When the fish was cut open, the ring was found inside, demonstrating the Queen's innocence. Today the bird, tree, bell and fish form the four elements of the crest of Glasgow City Council. St Mungo is also responsible for the motto of his city, based on his original prayer: "Lord let Glasgow flourish through the preaching of thy word and praising thy name." Since 1699 this has been shortened to "Let Glasgow flourish". CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Saint Kentigern Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > K > St. Kentigern St. Kentigern Help support New Advent and get the full contents of this website as an instant download . Includes the Catholic Encyclopedia, Church Fathers, Summa, Bible and more  all for only $19.99... (Or MUNGO) Bishop, founder of the See of Glasgow , b. about 518; d. at Glasgow , 13 January, 603. His mother Thenaw was daughter of a British prince, Lothus (from whom the province of Lothian was called); his father's name is unknown.

According to Jocelyn's life of Kentigern, the saint was born at Culross in Fife, and brought up until manhood by St. Serf (or Servanus) at his monastery there; but Skene shows that this connection between the two saints involves an anachronism, as St. Serf really belongs to the following century. At the age of twenty-five we find Kentigern (the name means "head chief", but he was popularly known as Mungo — in Cymric, Mwyn-gu, or "dear one"), beginning his missionary labours at Cathures, on the Clyde, the site of modern Glasgow. The Christian King of Strathclyde, Roderick Hael, welcomed the saint , and procured his consecration as bishop , which took place about 540. For some thirteen years he laboured in the district, living a most austere life in a cell at the confluence of the Clyde and the Molendinar, and making many converts by his holy example and his preaching. A large community grew up around him, became known as "Clasgu" (meaning the "dear family ") and ultimately grew into the town and city of Glasgow .

About 553 a strong anti-Christian movement in Strathclyde compelled Kentigern to leave the district, and he retired to Wales , staying for a time with St. David at Menevia , and afterwards founding a large monastery at Llanelwy, now St. Asaph's , of which he appointed the holy monk Asaph superior in succession to himself. In 573 the battle of Arthuret secured the triumph of the Christian cause in Cumbria, and Kentigern, at the earnest appeal of King Roderick, returned thither, accompanied by many of his Welsh disciples. For eight years he fixed his see at Hoddam in Dumfriesshire, evangelizing thence the districts of Galloway and Cumberland. About 581 he finally returned to Glasgow , and here, a year or two later, he was visited by St. Columba , who was at that time labouring in Strathtay. The two saints embraced, held long converse, and exchanged their pastoral staves. Kentigern was buried on the spot where now stands the beautiful cathedral dedicated in his honour . His remains are said still to rest in the crypt .

His festival is kept throughout Scotland on 13 January. The Bollandists have printed a special mass for this feast, dating from the thirteenth century. Kentigern of Glasgow - OrthodoxWiki Kentigern of Glasgow Jump to: navigation , search Icon of St. Kentigern (Mungo), Bishop in Scotland. Our father among the saints Kentigern of Glasgow (in Latin: Cantigernus and in Welsh: Cyndeyrn Garthwys or Kyndeyrn), also known as Saint Mungo, was a late sixth century missionary to the Brythonic Kingdom of Strathclyde. He is a patron saint of the city of Glasgow that he founded. St. Kentigern is venerated as the Apostle of what is now northwest England (including Cumbria and the Lake District) and southwest Scotland. He feast day is commemorated on January 14 in the Eastern Orthodox Church, and on January 13 in the West. He also has associations with figures from Arthurian legends, having lived in that time of transition between post-Roman Celtic Britain to pagan Anglo-Saxon domination of the island. A contemporary of St.

Columba of Iona, he reposed not long after the papal Augustinian mission to Anglo-Saxon England. Saint Mungo according to tradition founded a number of churches during his period as hierarch of Strathclyde, of which Stobo Kirk is a notable example. In Scotland he is considered a patron saint of those needing help against bullies, of those accused of infidelity, and of salmon. Contents 6 Sources His life and relics According to medieval accounts of his life, St. Kentigern's mother Teneu (St. Theneva, also Thenaw, Denyw or Dwynwen) was the daughter of the Brythonic king, Lleuddun (Latin, Leudonus), who ruled in the Haddington region of what is now Scotland, probably the Kingdom of Gododdin in the Old North. She became pregnant after being raped by Owain mab Urien, according to one source. Her furious father had her thrown from the heights of Traprain Law. Surviving, she was then abandoned in a coracle in which she drifted across the River Forth to Culross in Fife. There St. Kentigern was born.

He was brought up by Saint Serf who was ministering to the Picts in that area. It was Serf who gave him his popular pet-name Mungo. At the age of twenty-five, the saint began his missionary labours on the Clyde, on the site of modern Glasgow. Christianity had been introduced to the region by Saint Ninian and his followers welcomed the saint and procured his consecration by an Irish bishop. He built his church across the water from an extinct volcano, next to the Molendinar Burn, where the present medieval cathedral now stands. For some thirteen years, he laboured in the district, living a most austere life in a small cell, and making many converts by his holy example and his preaching. But a strong anti-Christian movement in Strathclyde, headed by a certain King Morken, compelled Mungo to leave the district, and he retired to Wales, via Cumbria, staying for a time with Saint David at St David's, and afterwards moving on to Gwynedd where he founded a cathedral at Llanelwy (St Asaph in English). While there, he undertook a pilgrimage to Rome.

However, the new King of Strathclyde, Riderch Hael, invited Mungo to return to his kingdom. He decided to go and appointed Saint Asaph/Asaff as Bishop of Llanelwy in his place. For some years, St. Kentigern fixed his episcopal seat at Hoddom in Dumfriesshire, evangelizing thence the district of Galloway. He eventually returned to Glasgow where a large community grew up around him, becoming known as Clas-gu (meaning the 'dear family'). It was nearby, in Kilmacolm, that he was visited by Saint Columba, who was at that time labouring in Strathtay. The two saints embraced, held long converse, and exchanged their pastoral staves. In old age, Mungo became very feeble and his chin had to be set in place with a bandage. He is said to have died in his bath, on Sunday 13 January. On the spot where St. Kentigern was buried now stands the cathedral dedicated in his honour. His shrine was a great centre of Christian pilgrimage until the Scottish Reformation. His remains are said to still rest in the crypt. A spring called "St.

Mungo's Well" fell eastwards from the apse. Saint Mungo's Well was a cold water spring and bath at Copgrove, near Ripon, North Yorkshire, formerly believed effective for treating rickets. An ancient church in Bromfield, Cumbria is named after him, as are Crosthwaite Parish Church and some other churches in the northern part of the modern county of Cumbria (historic Cumberland). His names and their meaning The name Kentigern, an Old English form, seems derived from an Old Welsh name, today Kyndeyrn or Cyndeyrn in Welsh, with roots meaning either "hound lord" or "chief lord." His Welsh epithet Garthwys is of unknown derivation, although it is also the name of a warrior mentioned as being in the saint's grandfather Urien's band in the early Welsh poem Y Gododdin.

His nickname Mungo possibly derives from an Old Welsh form for "my dear" or "beloved." His names illustrate the multicultural world of post-Roman Britain in the sixth century, sometimes called the "Age of Arthur," in the overlapping of Celtic and Anglo-Saxon cultures and languages, although his mission work would have been in predominantly Celtic-speaking areas of western Britain. Sources about his life The main source for knowledge of his life today is the "Life of Saint Mungo" written by the Norman-era Cistercian monastic hagiographer, Jocelin of Furness, in about 1185. Jocelin states that he rewrote the Vita from an earlier Glasgow legend and an old Gaelic document. There are two other certain medieval accounts: the earlier partial Life in the Cottonian MSS [scholarly abbreviation for manuscripts] now in the British Library, and a later one, based on Jocelin, by John of Tynemouth. The saint also appears in Welsh and Cambro-Latin poetry and texts thought to derive from earlier sources, however.

There seems little reason to doubt that Mungo was one of the first evangelists of Strathclyde, under the patronage of King Rhiderch Hael, and probably became the first Bishop of Glasgow. The Annales Cambriae record his death in 612, although the year of his death is sometimes given as 603 in other sources (his death date, Jan. 13, was on a Sunday in both years). Mungo's ancestry is recorded in the Bonedd y Saint. His father, Owain was a King of Rheged, who survives in the later legendary French Arthurian romances of Chrétien de Troyes as Yvain, as well as in other Arthurian stories. His maternal grandfather, Lleuddun, was probably a King of the legendary Gododdin; Lothian was named after him. His paternal grandfather Urien was an early Christian king of Rheged, in the "Old North" of Cumbria and the Lake District, celebrated in early poems attributed to the legendary bard Taliesin.

In Scotland, excavations at Hoddom have brought confirmation of early Christian activity there, uncovering a late 6th century stone baptistery, likely to have been associated with the saint's missionary work. Jocelin's post-Schism Life seems to have altered parts of earlier accounts that he did not understand; while adding others, like the trip to Rome, that served his own purposes, largely the promotion of the Bishopric of Glasgow. Some new parts may have been collected from genuine local stories, particularly those of Mungo's work in Cumbria. His association with St. Asaph in Wales may have been a Norman invention. Oral traditions, legends, and legacy In the "Life of Saint Mungo," he performed four renowned miracles in Glasgow, memorialized in this verse: Here is the bird that never flew, here is the tree that never grew, here is the bell that never rang, here is the fish that never swam. The verses refer to the following: The Bird refers to how the saint restored life to the pet robin of St. Serf, which had been killed by some of his classmates, hoping to blame him for its death.

The Tree refers to an account of how he when had been left in charge of a fire in St. Serf's monastery, he fell asleep and the fire went out. Taking branches from a tree, he restarted the fire. The Bell is thought to have been brought by him from Rome. It was said to have been used in services and to mourn the deceased. The original bell no longer exists, and a replacement, created in the 1640s, is now on display in Glasgow. The Fish refers to the story about Queen Languoreth of Strathclyde who was suspected of infidelity by her husband. King Riderch demanded to see her ring, which he claimed she had given to her lover. In reality the King had thrown it into the River Clyde. Faced with execution she appealed for help to the saint, who ordered a messenger to catch a fish in the river. On opening the fish, the ring was miraculously found inside, which allowed the Queen to clear her name. An almost identical story concerns King Maelgwn of Gwynedd and St. Asaph. These four miracles in Glasgow are represented in the city's coat of arms.

Glasgow's current motto Let Glasgow flourish by the preaching of His word and the praising of His name and the more secular Let Glasgow flourish, are both inspired by Mungo's original call "Let Glasgow flourish by the preaching of the word." In a late 15th century fragmentary manuscript generally called "Lailoken and Kentigern," Mungo appears in conflict with the mad prophet, Lailoken alias Merlin. Lailoken's appearance at the Battle of Arfderydd in 573 has led to a connection being made between this battle, the rise of Riderch Hael and the return of Mungo to Strathclyde. The Life of Saint Mungo bears similarities with Chrétien de Troyes's French romance Yvain, the Knight of the Lion (Yvain being a derivation of Owain, Kentigern's father). In modern literary fiction, he is the patron saint of Father Brown's parish in G.K. Chesterton's "Father Brown" mystery series, and the Harry Potter series by J.K. Rowling refers to St. Mungo's Hospital for Magical Maladies and Injuries as a place for treating wizards.

In American Orthodox Christian publications, the 2001 St. Herman Calendar (from the St. Herman of Alaska Press) featured St. Kentigern Mungo on its cover. Further reading Medieval Sourcebook: Jocelyn, a monk of Furness: The Life of Kentigern (Mungo). " [1] " Trans. Cynthia Whidden Green, 1998 William Stevenson. The Legends and Commemorative Celebrations of St. Kentigern, his Friends, and Disciples . Translated from the Aberdeen Breviary and the Arbuthnott Missal. Edinburgh: Printed for Private Circulation, 1872. 168pp. ( Download .pdf ) Sources Saint Mungo, Saint • Biography & Facts Saint Mungo Saint Saint Mungo, also known as Saint Kentigern (Welsh: Cyndeyrn Garthwys; Latin: Kentigernus), was the late 6th-century apostle of the Britonnic Kingdom of Strathclyde, the founder and patron saint of the city of Glasgow.

About: Saint Mungo About: Saint Mungo An Entity of Type : cleric , from Named Graph : , within Data Space : dbpedia.org Kentigern (Welsh: Cyndeyrn Garthwys; Latin: Kentigernus), known as Mungo, was an apostle of the British Kingdom of Strathclyde in the late 6th century, and the founder and patron saint of the city of Glasgow. Property Kentigern (Welsh: Cyndeyrn Garthwys; Latin: Kentigernus), known as Mungo, was an apostle of the British Kingdom of Strathclyde in the late 6th century, and the founder and patron saint of the city of Glasgow. (en) Der heilige Mungo, auch bekannt als Kentigern (* 518 in Culross, Schottland; † 13. Januar 603 in Glasgow) gilt als der erste Bischof Glasgows und ist Schutzpatron der Stadt sowie Schottlands. Er wird in der römisch-katholischen Kirche als Heiliger verehrt. Sein Gedenktag ist der 13.

Januar. Berichte über das Leben des Heiligen stammen hauptsächlich aus der Vita, die im 12. Jahrhundert von dem Zisterzienser Jocelyn aus der Abtei Furness verfasst wurde. Danach war er mit 25 Jahren Missionar am Clyde. 540 wurde er auf Bestreben Königs Rhydderch Hael von Strathclyde zum Bischof geweiht. 13 Jahre lang wirkte er von einer Zelle auf dem heutigen Stadtgebiet Glasgows aus. 553 wechselte die Stimmung in der Region, das Christentum war nicht mehr angesehen, und Mungo floh aus dem Königreich nach Menevia, dem Kloster des heiligen David von Menevia. Einige Jahre später gründete er in Llanelwy ein Kloster, in dem er bei seiner Verabschiedung den heiligen Asaph als Vorsteher einsetzte. 573 kehrte Mungo – begünstigt durch den Ausgang der Schlacht von Arthuret – nach Schottland zurück.

Zunächst predigte er das Evangelium in Dumfriesshire. 581 kehrte er nach Glasgow zurück. Dort begegnete er dem heiligen Columban von Iona. Der heilige Mungo wurde an der Stelle begraben, wo sich heute in Glasgow die ihm geweihte St. Mungo’s Cathedral erhebt. Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland behauptete 1796 in seinem Werk "Die Kunst, das menschliche Leben zu verlängern", dass Kentigern 185 Jahre alt geworden sei. Die ikonographischen Heiligenattribute Mungos finden sich im Stadtwappen von Glasgow: ein Fisch mit einem Ring im Mund; eine Glocke; ein Rotkehlchen und ein Eichenbaum. (de) Saint Kentigern est le premier évêque de Glasgow (vers 550-612). Contemporain de saint Colomba d’Iona, il est considéré comme l’apôtre du Royaume de Strathclyde.

La vie de saint Kentigern est composée tardivement par un anonyme à la demande d’Herbert évêque de Glasgow (1147-1164) puis par Jocelyn, un moine de l’abbaye de Furness, dans le comté du Lancashire pour son homonyme l’évêque Jocelin de Glasgow. Il est fêté le 13 janvier. (fr) San Mungo es el nombre usado usualmente para San Kentigerno (también conocido como Cantigernus en latín o Cyndeyrn Garthwys en galés). Fue apóstol a finales del siglo VI del reino britano de Strathclyde en Escocia, santo patrón y fundador de la ciudad de Glasgow. Kentigern, más conocido por el apodo de Mungo («querido amigo») tuvo un mal comienzo en su vida, a principios del siglo VI.

Cuando se descubrió que la princesa picta Tanew o Tannoch iba a dar a luz a un hijo sin estar casada, su enfurecido padre la arrojó junto a su hijo (quien todavía no había nacido) desde la cúspide de su fortaleza de Caprain Law. Tanto la madre como el hijo escaparon milagrosamente de esta experiencia terrible y huyeron hacia el este, acogiéndose a sagrado en la capilla de San Ninian de Glasgow. Debido a ello, el hijo de Tanew fue ordenado, y con el tiempo fue ordenado obispo de esta ciudad. Su madre, tras sus comienzos infortunados, pudo reponerse y se hizo una pía mujer. Años después fue canonizada. St Enoch, en el corazón de Glasgow es una corrupción de su nombre, St Tannoch. Mungo es una figura tan oscura como la de Ninian, y se le recuerda principalmente por sus cuatro milagros representados en el escudo de Glasgow, de la cual es patrón.

Fue obligado a huir a Gales, donde se refugió con San David en Menevia, y más tarde fundó el monasterio de San Asaph’s. Cuando el rey Rhydderch venció a los paganos en la Batalla de Arfderydd en el año 573, Mungo volvió a Strathclyde, preparando su sede en Hoddam en el condado de Dumfries (Dumfriesshire) antes de volver a Glasgow, donde dejó su gran catedral que permanece todavía hoy. San Mungo murió en el año 612. (es) Kentigern, Mungo (zm. 13 stycznia 612 w Glasgow) – szkocki święty, apostoł Strathclyde. Był biskupem, a po śmierci został patronem diecezji Glasgow. Informacje o jego życiu pochodzą z XI i XII wieku i brak pewnych potwierdzeń dla zawartych w tych żywotach danych. Data śmierci pochodzi z Annales Cumbriae.

(pl) Святой Мунго (святой Кентигерн; англ. Saint Mungo, гэльск. Cyndeyrn; 518(0518), Кулросс), Шотландия — 13 января 614, Глазго) — христианский святой проповедник и миссионер, первый епископ Глазго и святой покровитель этого города и всей Шотландии. (ru) Kentigern (Welsh: Cyndeyrn Garthwys; Latin: Kentigernus), known as Mungo, was an apostle of the British Kingdom of Strathclyde in the late 6th century, and the founder and patron saint of the city of Glasgow. (en) Saint Kentigern est le premier évêque de Glasgow (vers 550-612). Contemporain de saint Colomba d’Iona, il est considéré comme l’apôtre du Royaume de Strathclyde.

La vie de saint Kentigern est composée tardivement par un anonyme à la demande d’Herbert évêque de Glasgow (1147-1164) puis par Jocelyn, un moine de l’abbaye de Furness, dans le comté du Lancashire pour son homonyme l’évêque Jocelin de Glasgow. Il est fêté le 13 janvier. (fr) Святой Мунго (святой Кентигерн; англ. Saint Mungo, гэльск. Cyndeyrn; 518(0518), Кулросс), Шотландия — 13 января 614, Глазго) — христианский святой проповедник и миссионер, первый епископ Глазго и святой покровитель этого города и всей Шотландии. (ru) Der heilige Mungo, auch bekannt als Kentigern (* 518 in Culross, Schottland; † 13.

Januar 603 in Glasgow) gilt als der erste Bischof Glasgows und ist Schutzpatron der Stadt sowie Schottlands. Er wird in der römisch-katholischen Kirche als Heiliger verehrt. Sein Gedenktag ist der 13. Januar.Der heilige Mungo wurde an der Stelle begraben, wo sich heute in Glasgow die ihm geweihte St. Mungo’s Cathedral erhebt. Christoph Wilhelm Hufeland behauptete 1796 in seinem Werk "Die Kunst, das menschliche Leben zu verlängern", dass Kentigern 185 Jahre alt geworden sei. (de) San Mungo es el nombre usado usualmente para San Kentigerno (también conocido como Cantigernus en latín o Cyndeyrn Garthwys en galés).

Fue apóstol a finales del siglo VI del reino britano de Strathclyde en Escocia, santo patrón y fundador de la ciudad de Glasgow.Debido a ello, el hijo de Tanew fue ordenado, y con el tiempo fue ordenado obispo de esta ciudad. Su madre, tras sus comienzos infortunados, pudo reponerse y se hizo una pía mujer. Años después fue canonizada. St Enoch, en el corazón de Glasgow es una corrupción de su nombre, St Tannoch. (es) Kentigern, Mungo (zm. 13 stycznia 612 w Glasgow) – szkocki święty, apostoł Strathclyde.Był biskupem, a po śmierci został patronem diecezji Glasgow. Informacje o jego życiu pochodzą z XI i XII wieku i brak pewnych potwierdzeń dla zawartych w tych żywotach danych. Data śmierci pochodzi z Annales Cumbriae.

(pl) KLM Travel Guide - The Glasgow Cathedral The Glasgow Cathedral  Architecture The Glasgow Cathedral The modern and vibrant city of Glasgow features a splendid monument dating back to the Middle Ages: the 12th-century Glasgow Cathedral, also known as High Kirk of Glasgow, St Kentigern's or St Mungo's Cathedral. The dark spire and green roofs proudly tower over the city’s contemporary buildings. The tomb of the eponymous Scottish saint and the beautiful Victorian cemetery draw many visitors. Sober and elegant, the Glasgow Cathedral is a must-see attraction. This Gothic structure boasts some interesting architecture, but what makes the cathedral truly special is that it is the only medieval cathedral on the Scottish mainland to have survived the 1560 Protestant Reformation. The largest part of the current building dates back to the 15th century, but some parts were constructed even earlier in the 12th century. The square in front of the Cathedral houses the St. Mungo Museum of Religious Life and Art, which hosts exhibitions on international art from every religion around the world.

 Glasgow Cathedral or St Mungo's Cathedral Glasgow  The 14th-century wooden ceiling Impressive and mysterious Despite its tall windows, the interior of the Glasgow Cathedral is quite dark, lending the church a romantic air of mystery. The stately Gothic arches draw your eye to the magnificent 32-metre-high wooden ceiling which has been restored on numerous occasions, with some of the panels dating back to the 14th century. Another impressive feature is the massive stone choir, depicting illustrations of the 7 sins. All stained glass windows were made after 1947 and are no less impressive. The door to the sacristy is right behind the choir, in the left corner of the church. This historic location is where the University of Glasgow was founded in 1451. The tomb of Saint Mungo The most intriguing part of the Cathedral is located underground in the beautiful old crypt. Beneath the arches lies the tomb of Saint Kentigern, best known by his nickname Saint Mungo. This saint converted part of Scotland to Christianity in the 6th century.

He is also the patron saint of Glasgow and that is why the symbols of Saint Mungo – a bird, a tree, a bell and a fish with a ring – are found in the city's coat of arms. The fish with the ring refers to a legend in which the saint found the queen’s ring inside the belly of a fish, protecting her from the wrath of her suspicious husband.  The symbols of Saint Mungo  The 19th-century cemetery The Necropolis On a hill next to the cathedral we find one of the most beautiful cemeteries in Europe. Most of the tombs date back to Victorian times, when Glasgow still boasted a booming industry and was known as the 'second city' of the British Empire. In those days, the city’s rich industrialists commissioned extravagant tomb monuments designed by Scotland’s best known architects who hired the best sculptors and craftsmen to carry out the work. You will also find many Celtic crosses in the cemetery. With its beautiful flowers and lush vegetation, the Necropolis is anything but sad or melancholy. Set on higher ground, the cemetery also offers a spectacular view of the city and the surrounding hills.

Photo credits The 14th-century wooden ceiling: Radek Sturgolewski, Shutterstock The symbols of Saint Mungo: Fr Lawrence Lew OP, Flickr More about Glasgow Glasgow Cathedral Feature Page on Undiscovered Scotland Glasgow Cathedral from the South West Standing at the east end of Cathedral Street in Glasgow, and not far from where Castle Street becomes High Street is Glasgow Cathedral. One of the few Scottish medieval churches to have survived the Reformation unscathed, Glasgow Cathedral is truly magnificent, full of beauty and wonder. Yet any visit to Glasgow Cathedral is also tinged with sadness, for it brings home just how much was forever lost to the nation in the orgy of vandalism that destroyed or defaced so many other Scottish churches in the period from 1560. It's worth starting the story of Glasgow Cathedral in the middle. The reforming mobs in the years after 1560 were no less zealous in Glasgow than elsewhere in the country. But the affection of the ordinary people of Glasgow for their cathedral was such that the organised trades of the city took up arms to protect it.

Perhaps what saved Glasgow Cathedral more than anything else was simply the size of the city's population: when the crisis arose, enough collective sanity remained to allow the defenders to outnumber the attackers. Elsewhere the story all too often had a different outcome. Had Glasgow Cathedral fallen in the Reformation , a thousand years of history would have been lost. The Cathedral's origins date back to about AD550 when St Mungo, also known as St Kentigern, founded a religious community here around a small church. Today this church is the site of the Blacader Aisle in the Lower Church of the cathedral, the structure that extends beyond the very short South Transept. During St Mungo's time the church was visited by St Columba (see our Historical Timeline ), and St Mungo himself travelled widely, preaching in both Cumbria and North Wales, and going on pilgrimage to Rome. After his death on 13 January 614, St Mungo was buried close to his church. His tomb today lies in the centre of the Lower Choir, probably on the actual site of his grave. St Mungo's original church was built of wood, and was probably changed and enlarged over the following five centuries.

The first stone church on the site was consecrated in the presence of King David I in 1136 and occupied the area now covered by the nave, with part of the earlier church probably surviving off to one side. This first stone church was destroyed or badly damaged by fire within a very short time, and its replacement was consecrated in 1197 by Bishop Jocelin. The earliest significant parts of what you can see today are the walls of the nave, up to the level of the bottoms of the windows. These date back to the next round of rebuilding, in the early 1200s. In the mid 1200s much of the rest of the cathedral appeared: in particular the upper and lower choirs were added to the east end of the nave. In the 1400s a tower was built above the crossing, and two more at the western corners of the nave. At the same time the Blacader Aisle was built on the site of St Mungo's original church and the chapter house was added at the north east corner of the choir.

In the 1800s major repairs included the removal of the two western towers, sadly before it was realised that the available funds wouldn't cover their rebuilding. At around the same time alterations made since the Reformation to allow the cathedral to serve three congregations were reversed, leaving the cathedral much as you see it today. Though not quite, because one of the joys of Glasgow Cathedral is the way it is continually changing and adapting. There are many examples of this, but the most striking is the beautiful Millennium Window (see below left) in the north wall of the nave. This was officially unveiled by HRH Princess Anne on 3 June 1999. It was commissioned by the thee schools holding annual services in the Cathedral, Glasgow Academy, Hutcheson's Academy and the High School of Glasgow. It was produced by John Clark and is widely recognised as one of the most technically demanding stained glass windows ever produced. A range of complex traditional techniques were employed including multiple layer etching, painting and silverstaining. As a result the window is true to the spirit of others in the Cathedral produced as far back as the 1400s.

Although the methods of production used in the Millennium Window were traditional in origin, the imagery and overall appearance are a highly distinctive symphony of multiple shades of blue. Today's visitor to Glasgow Cathedral finds an awe inspiring place. It is overlooked from the east by the Glasgow Necropolis and has a fine precinct resulting from the building in 1993 of the St Mungo Museum, which doubles as a Cathedral Visitor Centre. The site on which the cathedral was built slopes down from west to east. This allowed the building of its most unique feature, a lower church effectively occupying the whole of the area under the choir. This is a beautifully vaulted space. At its heart lies the tomb of St Kentigern or St Mungo, while at its east end are a series of chapels. These include the Chapel of St John the Evangelist, still containing part of what is believed to be the well used by St Kentigern in the late 500s. These chapels were particularly well used after 1451, when the Pope declared that a pilgrimage to Glasgow Cathedral would carry the same merit as one to Rome. In the same year he approved the foundation by the cathedral of the University of Glasgow.

The upper parts of the church are divided by the choir screen or pulpitum into the separate spaces of the nave and the choir. Despite this division, and despite the cathedral's relatively modest proportions, the overwhelming impression is one of great size and in particular of great height. Glasgow Cathedral is some 285ft (87m) long by 63ft (20m) wide, and the nave roof is 105ft (32m) high. The towering internal spaces are enhanced by the apparent narrowness of the central potions of the nave and the choir, and by the very short transepts, which don't extend beyond the nave and choir walls. Glasgow Cathedral deserves to be better known than it is: and would be if it were not to be found in Scotland's largest city, alongside many other competing attractions. But if you are coming to Glasgow, you really should add the cathedral to your must see list.

Glasgow Cathedral Seen from Glasgow Necropolis Saint Kentigern, Abbot, Bishop and founder of Glasgow Saint Kentigern (Mungo, Cyndeyrn), Abbot, Bishop and founder of Glasgow (οΏ½614) Source: A first approach to the indigenous Orthodox Saints and Martyrs of the Ancient Church who lived and who propagated the Faith in the British Isles and Ireland during the first millennium of Christianity and prior to the Great Schism is being attempted in our website in our desire to inform our readers, who may not be aware of the history, the labours or the martyrdom of this host of Orthodox Saints of the original One, Holy, Catholic and Apostolic Church of our Lord. "The Church in The British Isles will only begin to grow when she begins to venerate her own Saints" (Saint Arsenios of Paros οΏ½1877) Saint Mungo, better known to us as Saint Kentigern, (Cyndeyrn Garthwys in Welsh), was the late 6th century apostle of the Brythonic Kingdom of what is now Strathclyde in modern Scotland. He is also founder of the city of Glasgow and its patron saint.

Saint Mungo appears in the crest of Glasgow's coat-of-arms along with his miracles. In Wales and the southern Brythonic regions of modern England, he was known by his birth and baptismal name, Kentigern. The Welsh Cyndeyrn, from which it is derived, means 'chief prince' but the meaning of its commonly attached suffix, 'Garthwys', is unknown . His pet name of Mungo in Scotland and the Northern Brythonic areas of modern England, is derived from the Brythonic word my-nghu which means 'dear one'. In the northern parts of Cumbria can be found a many churches dedicated to either Mungo or Kentigern. Our own Church is dedicated to St Kentigern along with St Columba who was an acquaintance of Mungo's. A 'Life of Saint Mungo' was written by the monastic hagiographer, Jocelin of Furness, circa 1185. In it, Jocelin states that he rewrote the 'life' from an earlier Glasgow legend which he combined with an old Gaelic document.

Part of an earlier 'life' can be found in the British Library along with a later one, attributed to John of Tynemouth and said to be based on Jocelin's earlier work. These stories have it that Mungo's mother, Thenaw, also known as St. Thaney, who was the daughter of the Brythonic king, Lleuddun, became pregnant after being seduced by Owain mab Urien. King Lleuddun ruled in the Haddington region of what is now Scotland, possibly the Kingdom of Gododdin in the Old North. According to the British Library manuscript, on hearing of her plight her father became furious and had her thrown from the heights of Traprain Law, an iron age hill fort some 4 miles east of Haddington in East Lothian. Fortunately for her, she survived the fall but she was then left to drift across the River Forth to Culross in Fife after being abandoned in a coracle. It was there that Mungo was born and where he was brought up by Saint Serf who, at that time, was ministering to the Picts of that area.

It was St Serf who gave him his now popular pet-name of Mungo. Mungo began his missionary work, at the age of twenty-five, concentrated along the Clyde, particularly on the site of what is now Glasgow, an area to which Christianity had already been introduced by Saint Ninian. St Ninian's followers welcomed Mungo and arranged for him to be consecrated bishop by a visiting Irish bishop. He went on to build his church where the Clyde and the Molendinar Burn meet, and it is here that the current medieval cathedral now stands. He laboured in the district for some thirteen years, where he lived a very austere life in a small cell, making many converts by his holy example and his preaching. But then strong anti-Christian movement sprung up in the region, led by King Morken, who expelled Mungo. He travelled through Cumbria and on to Wales. He stayed for a while with Saint David at what is now St David's in modern Pembrokeshire before moving on to Gwynedd where he founded a cathedral at Llanelwy (modern day St Asaph).

While here, he made a pilgrimage to Rome, but then the new King of Strathclyde, Riderch Hael, invited Mungo to return to his kingdom. Mungo agreed and appointed Saint Asaph as Bishop of Llanelwy in his place. Although he spent some time in his Episcopal seat at Hoddom in Dumfriesshire, where he evangelised the district of Galloway, he eventually returned to the Glasgow area where a fairly large community grew up around him, this eventually becoming known as Clas-gu (meaning the 'dear family'). It was in nearby Kilmacolm that he was visited by Saint Columba , who at that time had been labouring in Strathtay. The two saints are said to have embraced, had a long conversation and then, before parting, exchanged their pastoral staves. In his old age, Mungo became increasingly feeble and is said to have died in his bath, on Sunday the 13th of January. Tomb of St. Mungo in Glasgow Cathedral

Question: St Mungo also known as St Kentigern is patron city of which UK city?
Answer: Glasgow