Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (c.1208 - 1265) - Genealogy Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester Is your surname de Montfort?

Research the de Montfort family Share your family tree and photos with the people you know and love Build your family tree online Share photos and videos Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester Also Known As: Castle Montfort-l'Amaury, Ile de France, France Death: in Evesham, Worcestershire, England, United Kingdom Place of Burial: Aug 4 1265 - Battle of Evsham Wife: Eleanor Verch De Montfort (born Plantagenet) Son: Eleanor Of Leicester Marshal / Montfort (born Plantagenet (King Of England)) Son: Eleanor Of Montfort (born Of Leicester) Children: Henry De Montfort, Amaury De Montfort, Canon Of York, Simon Vi De Montfort, Guy De Montfort, Count Of Nola, Eleanor De Montfort Aug 4 1265 - Battle of Evesham Wife: Circa 1208 - Montfort-L'amaury Castle, Ile-DE-France, France Death: Aug 4 1265 - Evesham, Worcestershire, England Wife: Eleanor De Montford (born Plantagenet) Son: Simon De Montfort, 5th Earl

 Of Leicester, Alix De Leicester (born Montmorency) Wife: Eleanor (Eleanor Plantagenet Eleanor Of England) Of Leicester Children: Henry De Montfort, Amaury De Montfort, Canon Of York, Simon Vi De Montfort, Guy De Montfort, Count Of Nola, Eleanor De Montfort Aug 4 1265 - Battleof Evesham, Evesham, Worchestershire, England Wife: Eleanor De Montfort (born Plantagenet) Children: Aug 4 1265 - Evesham, Worcestershire, England Wife: Aug 4 1275 - Evesham, Worcestershire, England Parents: Simon De Montfort, Alix De Montfort (born De Montmorency) Wife: Eleanor De Montfort (born Plantagenet) Son: Aug 4 1265 - Battle of Evsham Parents: Simon De Montfort (Montfort), Lady Alice Montfort (born De Montfort) Wife: Eleanor De Montfort (born Plantagenet) Children: ...Montfort), Simon De Montfort (Montfort), Guy De Montfort (Montfort), Amauri De Montfort (Montfort), Richard De

 Montfort, Eleanor De Montfort Aug 4 1265 - Evesham, Worcestershire, England Wife: Eleanor Of Pembroke, De Montfort (born Plantagenet) Children: ...chard De Montfort, Guy De Montfort, Count Of Nola, Joanna De Montfort, Eleanor Of Wales, Ap Gruffydd (born De Montfort), Amaury Iii, Of E...

Medlands from Wikipedia , the free encyclopedia Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester (23 May 1208? – 4 August 1265), was a French-English nobleman, notable as the principal leader of the baronial opposition to King Henry III of England. After the rebellion of 1263 and 1264, de Montfort became de facto ruler of England and called the first directly elected parliament in medieval Europe. For this reason, de Montfort is regarded today as one of the progenitors of modern parliamentary democracy and a great hero. Contents 1 Family and early life 2 Royal marriage 3 Crusade and turning against the king 4 War against the king 5 Death 11 See also Family and early life He was the youngest son of Simon de Montfort, a French nobleman and crusader, and Alix de Montmorency.

His paternal grandmother was Amicia de Beaumont, the senior co-heiress to the Earldom of Leicester and a large estate owned by her father Robert de Beaumont, 3rd Earl of Leicester in England, but King John of England would not allow a French subject to take ownership of such an estate in England. As a boy, de Montfort accompanied his parents during his father's campaigns against the Cathars. He was with his mother at the siege of Toulouse in 1218, where his father was killed after being struck on the head by a stone pitched by a mangonel. On the death of their father, de Montfort's elder brother Amaury succeeded him. Another brother, Guy, was killed at the siege of Castelnaudary in 1220. As a young man, Montfort probably took part in the Albigensian Crusades of the early 1220s. In 1229 the two surviving brothers (Amaury and Simon) came to an arrangement whereby Simon gave up his rights in France and Amaury gave up his rights in England.

Thus free from any allegiance to the King of France, de Montfort successfully petitioned for the English inheritance, which he received the next year, although he did not take full possession for several years, and was not formally recognised as earl. Simon was a distant cousin of King Henry III; his ancestor Simon I de Montfort was father of Bertrade de Montfort who herself was a paternal great-grandmother of King Henry II. Royal marriage In January 1238 de Montfort married Eleanor of England, daughter of King John and Isabella of Angoulême and sister of King Henry III. While this marriage took place with the king's approval, the act itself was performed secretly and without consulting the great barons, as a marriage of such importance warranted. Eleanor had previously been married to William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, and she swore a vow of perpetual chastity upon his death, when she was sixteen, which she broke by marrying de Montfort. The Archbishop of Canterbury, Edmund Rich, condemned the marriage for this reason.

The English nobles protested the marriage of the King's sister to a foreigner of modest rank; most notably, Eleanor's brother Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall rose up in revolt when he learned of the marriage. King Henry eventually bought off Richard with 6,000 marks and peace was restored. Relations between King Henry and de Montfort were cordial at first. Henry lent him his support when de Montfort embarked for Rome in March 1238 to seek papal approval for his marriage. When Simon and Eleanor's first son was born in November 1238 (despite rumours, more than nine months after the wedding), he was baptised Henry in honour of his Royal uncle. In February 1239 de Montfort was finally invested with the Earldom of Leicester. He also acted as the King's counsellor and was one of the nine godfathers of Henry's eldest son, Prince Edward who would inherit the throne and become Edward I ("Longshanks"). Crusade and turning against the king Shortly after Prince Edward's birth, however, there was a falling out.

Simon owed a great sum of money to Thomas II of Savoy, uncle of Queen Eleanor, and named Henry as security for his repayment. King Henry had evidently not been told of this, and when he discovered that Montfort had used his name, he was enraged. On 9 August 1239 Henry confronted Montfort, called him an excommunicant and threatened to imprison him in the Tower of London. "You seduced my sister", King Henry said, "and when I discovered this, I gave her to you, against my will, to avoid scandal." Most historians perceive this to be the outbursts of an angry monarch, rather than fact[citation needed]. Simon and Eleanor fled to France to escape Henry's wrath. Having announced his intention to go on crusade two years before, Simon raised funds and travelled to the Holy Land, but does not seem to have ever faced combat there. That autumn, he left Syria and joined King Henry's campaign in Poitou. The campaign was a failure, and an exasperated de Montfort declared that Henry should be locked up like Charles the Simple. Like his father, Simon was a hardened and ruthless soldier, as well as a capable administrator.

His dispute with King Henry came about due to the latter's determination to ignore the swelling discontent within the country, caused by a combination of factors, including famine and a sense among the English Barons that King Henry was too quick to dispense favour to his Poitevin relatives and Savoyard in-laws. In 1248, de Montfort again took the cross, with the idea of following Louis IX of France to Egypt. But, at the repeated requests of King Henry and Council, he gave up this project in order to act as Governor in the unsettled and disaffected Duchy of Gascony. Bitter complaints were excited by the rigour with which de Montfort suppressed the excesses of the Seigneurs and of contending factions in the great communes. Henry yielded to the outcry and instituted a formal inquiry into Simon's administration. Simon was formally acquitted on the charges of oppression, but his accounts were disputed by Henry, and Simon retired in disgust to France in 1252.

The nobles of France offered him the Regency of the kingdom, vacated by the death of Queen Blanche of Castile, but he preferred to make his peace with Henry which he did in 1253, in obedience to the exhortations of the dying Grosseteste. He helped King Henry in dealing with the disaffection in Gascony; but their reconciliation was a hollow one, and in the Parliament of 1254, Simon led the opposition in resisting a demand for a subsidy. In 1256–57, when the discontent of all classes was coming to a head, de Montfort nominally adhered to the Royal cause. He undertook, with Peter of Savoy, the Queen's uncle, the difficult task of extricating the King from the pledges which he had given to the Pope with reference to the Crown of Sicily; and Henry's writs of this date mention de Montfort in friendly terms. But at the "Mad Parliament" of Oxford (1258) de Montfort appeared side by side with the Earl of Gloucester at the head of the opposition.

It is said that de Montfort was reluctant to approve the oligarchical constitution created by the Provisions of Oxford[citation needed], but his name appears in the list of the Fifteen who were to constitute the supreme board of control over the administration. There is better ground for believing that he disliked the narrow class-spirit in which the victorious Barons used their victory; and that he would gladly have made a compromise with the moderate Royalists, whose policy was guided by Prince Edward[citation needed]. But the King's success in dividing the Barons and in fostering a reaction, rendered such projects hopeless. In 1261, Henry revoked his assent to the Provisions, and de Montfort, in despair, left the country. War against the king Simon de Montfort returned in 1263, at the invitation of the barons, who were now convinced of the king's hostility to all reform; and raised a rebellion with the avowed object of restoring the form of government which the Provisions had ordained. For a few weeks it seemed as though the royalists were at his mercy; but he made the mistake of accepting Henry's offer to abide by the arbitration of Louis IX of France.

At Amiens, in January 1264, the French king decided that the Provisions were unlawful and invalid. De Montfort, who had remained in England to prepare for the ruling, at once resumed the war, and thus exposed himself to accusations of perjury, from which he can only be defended on the hypothesis that he had been led to hope for a genuine compromise. Though merely supported by the towns and a few of the younger barons, he triumphed by superior generalship at the Battle of Lewes on 14 May 1264, where the king, Prince Edward, and Richard of Cornwall fell into his hands. De Montfort used his victory to set up the government by which his reputation as a statesman stands or falls. The weak point in his scheme was the establishment of a triumvirate (consisting of himself, the young Earl of Gloucester, and the Bishop of Chichester) in which his colleagues were obviously figureheads[citation needed]. This flaw, however, is mitigated by a scheme which he simultaneously promulgated for establishing a thorough parliamentary control over the executive, not excepting the triumvirs.

The Parliament of 1265 (De Montfort's Parliament), which he summoned, was, it is true, a packed assembly; but it can hardly be supposed that the representation which he granted to the towns was intended to be a temporary expedient. De Montfort sent out representatives to each county and to a select list of boroughs, asking each to send two representatives (this was not the first parliament in England, but what distinguished it was that de Montfort insisted the representatives be elected). It is from him that the modern idea of a democratic representative parliament derives. The list of boroughs which had the right to elect a member grew slowly over the centuries as monarchs gave out more Royal Charters. (The last charter was given to Newark in 1674.) The right to vote in Parliamentary elections for county constituencies was uniform throughout the country, granting a vote to all those who owned the freehold of land to an annual rent of 40 shillings (‘Forty-shilling Freeholders’). In the Boroughs, the franchise varied and individual boroughs had varying arrangements.

The reaction against his government was baronial rather than popular; and the Welsh Marcher Lords particularly resented Montfort's alliance with Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, Prince of Wales. Little consideration for English interests is shown in the Treaty of Pipton which sealed that alliance on 22 June 1265. Many other barons who had initially supported him now started to feel that Montfort's reforms were going too far, and his many enemies turned his triumph into disaster. Prince Edward escaped, and Montfort's ally, Thomas de Clare, abandoned him and took with him his garrison. Though boosted by Welsh infantry sent by Montfort's ally Llywelyn ap Gruffydd, Montfort's forces were severely depleted. Prince Edward attacked the Montfort forces at Kenilworth, capturing more of Montfort's allies. Montfort himself had crossed the Severn with his army, intending to rendezvous with his son Simon. When he saw the army awaiting him at Evesham, Montfort initially thought it was led by his son. But the army belonged to Prince Edward, flying the Montfort banners he had captured at Kenilworth, and so leading Simon into a trap.

Death Simon de Montfort died on 4 August 1265 at the battle of Evesham, and was buried at the nearby Evesham Abbey. De Montfort and his army were awaiting the army led by his second son, Simon. He saw his son's banners flying high and began to hope, with the two armies they had a fighting chance to claim England. However, his son had been ambushed, and Prince Edward, Henry's son, led the army carrying de Montfort's stolen banners. From within the church of Evesham, de Montfort and his army led a final charge to their death. After a charge uphill against superior forces, Simon's army was completely destroyed; the battle was described as the "murder of Evesham, for battle it was none". Simon's body was cut up and different parts sent to the Lords who had accomplished the most. His head was sent to Wigmore Castle by Roger de Mortimer, 1st Baron Wigmore as a gift to his wife, Maud[1]. Such remains as could be found were buried under the altar of Evesham Abbey by some clerks. It was visited as holy ground by many commoners until King Henry caught wind of it.

He declared that Simon deserved no spot on holy ground and had his remains reburied under an insignificant tree. The remains of some of his soldiers were found in the nearby village of Cleeve Prior after fleeing from the battle of Evesham. His last words were said to have been "Now it is time to die!"[citation needed] Matthew Paris reports that the Bishop of Lincoln, Robert Grosseteste, once said to Simon's eldest son Henry: "My beloved child, both you and your father will meet your deaths on one day, and by one kind of death, but it will be in the name of justice and truth." Evesham Abbey and the site of de Montfort's grave were destroyed with the Dissolution of the Monasteries in the sixteenth century. In 1965 a memorial stone was laid on the site of the former altar by Speaker of the House of Commons Sir Harry Hylton-Foster and Archbishop of Canterbury Michael Ramsey. The inscription reads: Here were buried the remains of SIMON DE MONTFORT, EARL OF LEICESTER pioneer of representative government who was killed in the Battle of Evesham on 4 August 1265.

This stone brought from his birthplace the Castle of Montfort-l'Amaury in France was erected to commemorate the seven hundredth anniversary of his death. His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury on the 18th day of July 1965. Legacy In the years that followed his death, Simon de Montfort's grave was frequently visited by pilgrims. There was an attempt to canonise him; this was not carried out however, due to opposition by the English monarchy at the time[citation needed]. Today, de Montfort is mostly remembered for calling the first directly elected parliament and is regarded as one of the fathers of modern democracy. He may have a more romantic legacy; Roger Godberd, one of de Montfort's captains who survived Evesham, fought on until his capture in 1272 as a bandit or rebel in and around the Sherwood Forest area. Godberd is one candidate for being the character around whom the Robin Hood legend is based.[2][3] Napoleon Bonaparte described Simon de Montfort as "one of the greatest Englishmen".[4] Various local honors were dedicated to his memory, and he has become eponymous several times over.

De Montfort Hall, a concert venue in Leicester, is named after de Montfort, as is the nearby De Montfort University. A statue of de Montfort is one of four to adorn the Clock Tower in Leicester. A relief of de Montfort adorns the wall of the Chamber of the United States House of Representatives. De Montfort's banner described as the 'Arms of Honour of Hinckley', shown in the stained glass image in Chartres Cathedral, is used by the town of Hinckley, part of his Earldom in Leicestershire, in their town coat of arms. It also forms part of the club crest for the town's football team Hinckley United F.C. [5] A school[6] and a bridge based on the north east stretch of the A46 are named after him in Evesham. Sharon Penman's novel, Falls the Shadow, is a fictional retelling of de Montfort's life from his arrival in England to his death. The de Montfort story is the focus of the second part of The Brothers of Gwynedd Quartet by Edith Pargeter (who also wrote as Ellis Peters).

The four books tell the story of Llewellyn Prince of Wales, who married Simon's daughter Eleanor, and his three brothers. Family Simon de Montfort and Eleanor of England had seven children, many of whom were notable in their own right: Henry de Montfort (November 1238–1265) Simon the Younger de Montfort (April 1240–1271) Amaury de Montfort, Canon of York (1242/1243-1300) Guy de Montfort, Count of Nola (1244–1288). Elizabeth Woodville, Queen Consort of Edward IV of England, was one of Guy's descendants. Joanna de Montfort (born and died in Bordeaux between 1248 and 1251). Richard de Montfort (d.1266) Eleanor de Montfort (1252–1282). She married Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, honouring an agreement that had been made between Earl Simon and Llywelyn.

Eleanor, Lady of Wales, died on 19 June 1282 at the royal Welsh home Garth Celyn, Aber Garth Celyn, on the north coast of Gwynedd, giving birth to a daughter, Gwenllian of Wales. After Llywelyn's death on 11 December 1282, Gwenllian was captured by King Edward I and spent the rest of her life in a convent. The last actual member of the family line to bear the name de Montfort was: Marie-Jean-Baptiste-Benoît de Montfort (1784–1839), 2nd Marquis of Chardonnay, Sire de La Marne, de La Malloniere, de Bicherel, who married D. Joana de Lima Barreto Coelho (London, 1814), with succession. Bibliography Labarge, Margaret Wade. Simon de Montfort (London: Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1962) Maddicott, J. R.

Simon de Montfort, 1996 References Battle of Evesham (1265) | Second Barons War | Medieval Battles | Battlefields of Britain Battlefields of Britain Medieval > Second Barons' War BATTLE OF EVESHAM (1265) In 1264 at Lewes Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester defeated and captured King Henry III and his son, Prince Edward. He subsequently established a Government run in accordance with the Provisions of Oxford but, when Prince Edward escaped from captivity, a new Royalist army was raised that won a decisive victory at the Battle of Evesham (1265). Skip to > Historical Background In early 1265 England was under the de facto control of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester. In the preceding years he, along with other key magnates, had opposed the autocratic rule of Henry III as well as the King's promotion of French favourites at the expense of the Anglo-Norman Barons. In 1258 attempts had been made to curtail Henry's power with the Provisions of Oxford; a treaty which required the King to surrender key powers, particularly on taxation and inheritance, to a council headed by Montfort.

But Henry sought a Papal Bull to annul the treaty and was supported by the decision of Louis IX of France, who had been asked to arbitrate between monarch and Barons, in favour of the King. The result had been the Second Barons War (1264-7) with the rebel forces being headed by Montfort. The war had started in January 1264 and had initially gone well for the King with the capture of key rebel outposts at Northampton, Leicester and Nottingham and relief of a siege around Rochester Castle . But the Royalist cause met with disaster in May 1264 when the King and Prince Edward were defeated at the Battle of Lewes and both taken into Montfort's custody. Thereafter the Earl had forged a Government based on the Provisions of Oxford. Within a year of Montfort's victory however, opposition was growing against his regime. Gilbert de Clare, Earl of Gloucester had been a key supporter of Montfort but had become envious of his fame prompting him to defect to the Royalist cause. He initially concealed his change of heart and used his position to question the continued detention of Prince Edward (who was being held at Kenilworth Castle ).

This led to the Prince being held under less stringent conditions which facilitated his escape. Using new exercise opportunities afforded to him, he exhausted all but one of the horses of his guards before mounting this and galloping off! Edward joined Roger Mortimer, Lord of Wigmore and Gilbert de Clare in the Welsh Marches where they and other Marcher Lords rallied around him. Prelude With Prince Edward now at the head of a large army, Montfort headed to Wales to bolster his forces and successfully concluded an agreement with Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (the Great) to provide infantry. Even so the Earl was aware he had insufficient forces and thus instructed his godson, another Simon, to raise an army in England. The Earl then manoeuvred to avoid engagement with Edward's forces whilst he awaited augmentation by this second army. Prince Edward moved his forces against the younger Montfort and attacked him at Kenilworth Castle . He caused heavy losses and crucially also captured numerous Montfortian banners. Edward then moved his forces west starting to shadow the Earl who by now was in Evesham, a town situated within a loop in the River Avon.

Approaching under the captured enemy banners, Edward was able to trick Montfort into thinking he was about to be augmented by his godson. Too late he realised the deception and found himself in a dire position. The bridge over the Avon was too small for an evacuation and whilst Montfort himself could have fled, and might have saved part of his army, it would have been the end of his career. Furthermore he received intelligence that a Royalist column was making its way towards the bridge on the other side of the river. Noting he had little choice, Montfort resolved to fight. Numbers Edward had mustered a substantial force perhaps as large as 15,000 strong. This dwarfed the 5,000 men Montfort had within the town itself which included a significant detachment of Welsh troops. The Battle The battle was fought on 20 August 1265. Edward's forces approached from Worcester in the west. They advanced along the route now known as The Squires (which connects the A44 and A46) and occupied the plateau on top of Greenhill to the north of Evesham. Edward had clearly learnt from Lewes .

- Stage 1: Deployment Around 9am Montfort addressed his troops and led them out of Evesham with cavalry to the fore and his Welsh contingent, who were seemingly reluctant to fight, as his rearguard. - Stage 2: Cavalry Charge With Edward holding the high ground with a substantially larger force, Montfort would have realised how desperate his position was. He led a bold cavalry attack with his entire mounted force along the course of the Evesham Road (now the A4184) into the Royalist centre. It is possible that Edward had not had sufficient time to muster his entire forces on the Greenhill plateau by this stage and, if so, it must have been Montfort's intent to break the Royalist line. - Stage 3: Surrounded Montfort's charge seemingly had some success with some of the Royalists pushed back. But the difference in numbers eliminated any hope Montfort might have had of breaking their line. The Royalist divisions on the left and right had not been engaged and, led by Mortimer and Gilbert, enveloped Montfort. At the start of the battle Edward had made it clear that the normal rules of chivalric warfare were not to be applied during the fight.

Furthermore he had hand-picked a 'death squad' to target Simon de Montfort himself and kill him by any means. Now totally surrounded Montfort formed his army into a circle but weight of numbers overwhelmed him. The battle turned into a rout with the encircled troops being cut down in accordance with Edward's vicious policy. Montfort himself was killed by Roger Mortimer and was subsequently hacked to pieces; his hands, feet, head and genitals were hacked off. Henry III was lucky; dressed in Montfortian armour he was with the Earl as the rout commenced and was set upon by Edward's troops - "I am Henry of Winchester! Your King! Do not kill me!". Roger Leybourne recognised his monarch and took him safely to Edward. - Stage 4: Rout Edward's victorious army now charged against the Welsh troops who broke and fled. They were pursued mercilessly by Edward's forces and even those seeking sanctuary in Evesham Abbey were not spared. Aftermath The battle was a relatively short affair with chroniclers suggesting it was over within 2 hours. Baronial casualties were estimated to be around 4,000 - almost 80% of the original force - largely due to the Royalist policy of no quarter.

Almost all of the rebel Barons were killed alongside Montfort - those taken alive were stripped of their armour and hacked to death. The brutality led Robert of Gloucester to describe the battle as "the murder of Evesham, for battle it was none". The victory at Evesham and the death of Simon de Montfort all but ended the Second Barons War. One final battle, another Royalist victory, would be fought at Chesterfield (1266) but the peace that followed, as detailed in the Dictum of Kenilworth, fully restored Royal authority. Seven years later Edward was crowned King and, unlike his father and grandfather, conformed to the medieval ideal of a strong warrior ruler. In the immediate term though the victory over the Barons freed Prince Edward to proceed on crusade where he further enhanced his military experience. Bibliography Beresford, M.W and St Joseph, J.K.S (1979). Medieval England - An Aerial Study. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. Blaauw, W and Charles, H.P (1871). The Barons' War including the battles of Lewes and Evesham. Bell and Daldy, London.

Burne, A.H (2005). Battlefields of England. Pen and Sword Books Ltd, Barnsley. Carpenter, D (1987). The Battles of Lewes and Evesham 1264/65. Mercia Publishing, Keele. Carpenter, D, Maddicott, J.R and Laborderie, O (2000). The last hours of Simon de Montfort: a new account. English Historical Review, no. 115. Cox, D.C (1988). The Battle of Evesham: a new account. Vale of Evesham Historical Society, Evesham. Cyprien, M and Fairbairn, N (1983). A Traveller's Guide to the Battlefields of Britain. Evans Brothers Ltd, London. Dodds, G.L (1996). Battles in Britain 1066-1746. Arms & Armour, London. Douglas, D.C and Rothwell, H (ed) (1975). English Historical Documents Vol 3 (1189-1327). Routledge, London.

Green, H (1973). Guide to the Battlefields of Britain and Ireland. Constable, London. Jones, D (2012). The Plantagenets. William Collins, London. Kinross, J (1979). The Battlefields of Britain. London. Lancaster, J.H.D (2014). Evesham: Battlefield visit notes and observations. CastlesFortsBattles.co.uk. Morris, M (2009). A Great and Terrible King: Edward I and forging of Britain. Windmill Books, London. Ordnance Survey (2015). Wychavon. 1:1250. Southampton. Ramsay, J.H (1908). The dawn of the constitution: the reigns of Henry III and Edward I AD 1216-1307. London Prothero, G. W (1877). The life of Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester. Longmans Green and Company, London. Smurthwaite, D (1993). The Complete Guide to the Battlefields of Britain. Michael Joseph, London. What's There?

There is a short battlefield walk that snakes from Evesham towards Greenhill (the scene of the battle). A couple of information panels can be found on this route. In Evesham itself a monument in Abbey Park marks the burial place of Simon de Montfort who was originally laid to rest in the Abbey (which itself has gone - a victim of Henry VIII). Other than this the battlefield isn’t really configured for tourists although the key elements and terrain can be appreciated from the footpaths of the modern roads. Greenhill Plateau. The plateau occupied by the Royalists. Montfort would have advanced from Evesham towards the camera. Greenhill Plateau. The Royalist position. The battlefield. Battle of Evesham 1265 Edward I slaughters the Montfortians Send to Kindle Battle of Evesham 1265 in county of Worcestershire The Battle of Evesham on 4 Aug 1265, was the decisive royalist victory in the Barons War. Prince Edward, later Edward I by fine military leadership defeated the Montfortians before they could properly mobilise and unite.

Edward surprised Simon de Montfort’s son by a dawn attack on 2nd Aug at Kenilworth, followed by a night march over 3rd/4th Aug trapped Montfort. Evesham was an unusually savage battle, the Montfortians were outnumbered and slaughtered, Simonde Montfort himself was killed and his body mutilated. For more details about this particular Battle, see the Evesham entry on the Battlefields Trust excellent detailed site here BBC - Radio 4 - This Sceptred Isle - Simon de Monfort This Sceptred Isle Send it to a friend! Simon de Monfort Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, married to the King's sister, was Governor of English land in Gascony for four years. He was to become the driving force behind the barons in the Second Barons' War. In October 1258 the King accepted the Provisions of Oxford, but he had no intention of living by them. The barons that had written them had differing ideas of how far they should be taken. Simon de Montfort took them to their most extreme. He believed that the Council of Fifteen, set up by the Provisions of Oxford, could if necessary rule against the King's wishes.

Edward, heir to the throne, believed the council should be a group of advisers and nothing more than that. Civil War was inevitable. In May 1264 de Montfort won the Battle of Lewes and captured the king and his heir. Edward escaped and de Montfort fought and died at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. In 1267 the Provisions of Oxford and Westminster were revoked and the King could once again choose his own councillors. Simon de Montfort SIMON DE MONTFORT (c.

1208-1265) A statesman, soldier and controversial politician On becoming the sixth Earl of Leicester, he expelled Jews from Leicester Married Henry III's sister Eleanor Helped to frame the Provisions of Oxford in 1258 and was determined to live by them, which led him to war with Henry III and his heir Edward Won the Battle of Lewes in May 1264 and captured both King and heir Became de facto ruler Summoned both knights and burgesses to a Parliament in January 1265 thus founding the House of Commons Edward (later I) escaped from custody and fought de Montfort at the Battle of Evesham in August 1265 Died in battle The de Montforts were one of the families who first came to England with William the Conqueror in 1066. Select historical period Simon V de Montfort (1208 - 1265) - Find A Grave Memorial Evesham Worcestershire, England Simon was the son of Simon IV de Montfort and Alix de Montmorency. He was the 6th Earl of Leicester, 1st Earl of Chester.

He led the barons' rebellion against King Henry III of England during the Second Barons' War of 1263-4, and subsequently became de facto ruler of England. After a rule of just over a year, Simon was killed by forces loyal to the king in the Battle of Evesham. In January 1238, he married Eleanor of England, daughter of King John and Isabella of Angoul�me and sister of King Henry III. While this marriage took place with the king's approval, the act itself was performed secretly and without consulting the great barons. Eleanor had previously been married to William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke, and she had sworn a vow of perpetual chastity upon his death, which she broke when she married Simon.

Simon and Eleanor had seven children, many of whom were notable in their own right: Henry de Montfort (November 1238�1265) Simon the Younger de Montfort (April 1240�1271) Amaury de Montfort, Canon of York (1242/1243-1300) Guy de Montfort, Count of Nola (1244�1288). Elizabeth Woodville, Queen Consort of Edward IV of England, was one of Guy's descendants through his daughter, Anastasia de Montfort, Countess of Nola. Joanna de Montfort (born and died in Bordeaux between 1248 and 1251). Richard de Montfort (d.1266). Date of death is not certain. Eleanor de Montfort (1252�1282). She married Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales, honouring an agreement that had been made between Earl Simon and Llywelyn.

Simon de Montfort died on 4 August 1265 at the battle of Evesham, and was buried at the nearby Evesham Abbey. UK Battlefields Resource Centre - Medieval - The Evesham Campaign - The Battle of Battle of Evesham Battle of Evesham 4th August 1265 The battle of Evesham was fought on the morning of the 4th August 1265. The army of Simon de Montfort had probably not long entered Evesham when, from lookouts on the tower of the Abbey, news came of the approach of the royal army under Prince Edward. Taking the captive king Henry III with him, and despite being outnumbered more than three to one, de Montfort rode out with his cavalry, with his infantry in support, to engage the enemy. Less than a mile to the north of the town, somewhere on the summit of Greenhill, de Montfort found the royal forces deployed in three divisions. He appears to have made a bold cavalry attack, perhaps in the hope of breaking through.

At first some of the royal forces retreated, but then there was a counter attack and de Montfortï¿½s army, or at least his knights, were soon encircled. Unusually for a medieval battle, no quarter was to be given and de Montfort and most of his main supporters were cut down. It appears likely that the infantry had already broken and begun to flee, but if not then they were soon routed. The rebel forces were pursed mercilessly back into the town, the killing continuing right through the streets and even in the abbey itself. Though peace was not finally restored across the country for another two years, the battle of Evesham had completely broken the rebellion, for almost all of its major supporters had been intentionally killed on the field. Evesham is one of the few early battles for which a genuinely new primary source has been recently identified, one that has transformed our understanding of the event. This is now a battle where the broad character and location of the action is clearly understood and where the location of the action is fairly tightly constrained by the physical topography. Though there has been 20th century development in the area, a substantial part of the battlefield still remains undeveloped.

This makes Evesham one of the few early medieval battles where a visit to the battlefield can be very clearly focussed and a relatively secure outline of the battle provided. For the same reason it is one where there appears a high potential for detailed reconstruction of the historic terrain and investigation of the battle archaeology. Although parts of the battlefield are accessible, a new scheme is being developed which should greatly improve that access and provide the first on site interpretation. KEY FACTS 4th August 1265 A.D. The Battle of Evesham #Onthisday « GroovyHistorian Comments: 0 #Onthisday in history the Battle of Evesham took place on 4th August 1265 A.D. it was one of the two main battles of 13th century England was an important second battle of Barons. This marked the defeat of Simon de Montfort who was the Earl of Leicester and the rebellious barons led by Prince Edward. Who would later become King Edward I he lead the forces of his father, King Henry III, the battle took place near a town known as Evesham which is in Worcestershire.

The battle of Lewes which was a victorious moment for Montfort who gained control of the royal government, but after the defection of several close allies, he was forced to flee and escaped the captivity of prince Edward. After this Montfort was left on the defensive side, forced to engage in a battle against the royalist at Evesham. The Royalist forces were twice as large as his own, the battle was a bloody massacre which Monfort himself was killed and his body was mutilated. After the battle the royalist restored authority and the scattered resistance only remained until the Dictum of Kenilworth which was signed in the years of 1267. BBC - Hereford - Battle of Evesham, 4 August 1265 Battle of Evesham, 4 August 1265 The Leicester Tower, built in 1842 as a monument to Simon de Montfort. Simon de Montfort and his army were soundly beaten, by an army led by the future King Edward I, at the Battle of Evesham in 1265. His troops were massacred and he was killed and dismembered.

Unusually for a rebel who lost both the battle and his life, Simon de Montfort is now hailed as a democrat, and the man who set up what some historians call the first true Parliament. He invited each county to send two representatives, insisting that they were elected. Despite his grisly end, there are now three separate memorials to Simon de Montfort in Evesham, including an impressive tower and an obelisk, near the site of the battle. His fame in international - his profile features in a relief in the Chamber of the United States House of Representatives. Battle of Evesham - timeline Battle of Evesham: the timeline Battle of Evesham - the people Get behind the characters involved in the battle: Simon de Montfort, who married into royalty and then overthrew a king; Prince Edward, the royal 'hard-man' who went on to become the 'hammer of the Scots'; Henry II, the king who reigned for a very long time, but didn't make a very good job of it.

Battle of Evesham - photo gallery Images of the battlefield and the memorials: BBC - History - British History in depth: Nations Gallery Print this page Kenilworth Castle Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester, (1208-65), was appointed Governor of Kenilworth Castle in 1244, by Henry III. De Montfort is often described as the 'founder of democracy in England'. Although this may be an exaggeration, de Montfort clearly fell foul of Edward I after leading a popular, baronial movement for reform, and for his role in founding the first Parliament of 1265. Simon De Montfort was killed in the Battle of Evesham, 1265, and his body dismembered. Supporters of Simon de Montfort held Kenilworth for a year after the Battle of Evesham. Kenilworth has a fine Norman keep and John of Gaunt's Hall. Edward II was imprisoned here before being taken to his death in Berkeley Castle. Kenilworth castle is now the largest ruin in England.

Question: In which battle of 1265 was Simon de Montfort killed?
Answer: Evesham