Back American Culture Series II (ACSII), 1493-1875: The 5,600 titles in this microfilm collection represent what are considered to be fundamental research materials in inter-disciplinary American Studies curricula. A subset of the collection, American Culture Series I, is also available with 250 titles. The collection was selected and compiled in the mid-1950s by the Committee on Microfilm Bibliography of the American Studies Association, and filmed by UMI. It includes information on American education, religion, pacifism, feminism, the city, the history of science, and many other subjects of importance to American historiography. Selected articles have been digitized for inclusion in Study Units. American Periodicals Series Online, 1741-1900: This is a collection of eighteenth and nineteenth-century American magazines and journals that has been digitised and made available online by ProQuest. Originally published on microfiche, the online version is completely searchable and contains the digitised images of the original pages from the periodicals.

The collection spans two hundred years of American history and includes over 1,100 journals and magazines which began publication between 1741 and 1900. American Periodicals Series Online offers a wealth of material for those interested in history, politics, the arts and sciences, folklore and Americana, and follows the country through pivotal events in its history, from its transition from colony to independent nation, through to the beginning of the Second World War. The titles included in the collection cover an enormous range, and featured are some well-known publications such as Benjamin Franklin's General Magazine, Vanity Fair, and ground-breaking journals like The Dial, Puck and McClure's. Over 270 articles have been selected for Study Units, and include accounts of historical events ranging from the Mormon migration to Utah to the Mexican Revolution. BBC Home Service Nine O'Clock News 1939-1945: The BBC radio nightly news bulletin was an institution in Britain during the Second World War, providing the nation with accurate and comprehensive reports of events and developments in Europe and on the home front.

This microfiche collection spans the entire duration of the Second World War, containing 600,000 pages of newsreaders typescripts for the perusal of researchers. These typescripts are the only surviving records of the broadcasts, and are invaluable documents to historians of this period. The BBC Home Service Nine O'Clock News is published on microfiche by ProQuest, and a selection of 155 articles from this collection has been exclusively digitized for inclusion in History Study Center. Articles featured in Study Units include Winston Churchill's reviews of the war situation, news of President Roosevelt's death, and coverage of the Nuremberg trials. Black Abolitionist Papers, 1830-1865: This collection brings together the important writings, speeches and correspondence of black abolitionists and outlines the integral role played by African-Americans in the anti-slavery crusade. It encompasses approximately 15,000 documents of nearly 300 black abolitionists in the United States, Canada, England, Scotland, Ireland, France and Germany. A small selection of these have been digitized from the microfilm for use in History Study Center.

The Black Abolitionist Papers project was conceived, compiled, and edited by George E. Carter (University of Wisconsin - LaCrosse) and C. Peter Ripley (Florida State University). Bridgeman Art Library: With images from over 8,000 collections and 29,000 artists, the Bridgeman Art Library is the world's leading source of fine art for image users. It was founded in 1972 and works with museums, art galleries and artists to make art available for reproduction. The collection includes images of architecture and anthropological artefacts as well as fine art. A selection of images is included in History Study Center and these images can be found in the searchable Picture Library as well as in Study Units. British and Irish Biographies, 1840-1940: This is a microfiche collection of 272 biographical dictionaries published by ProQuest, covering one of the most heavily researched eras of British history. It is comprised of 1,200 volumes of Victorian and early twentieth-century biographies, including entries from specialist, professional and regional dictionaries, as well as more general works.

Many of the titles featured were originally published in small editions and very few libraries hold more than a small selection of the hundreds of titles included in the collection, making it an indispensable collection for scholars of the period. Biographies from 6 of the dictionaries have been digitized exclusively for History Study Center, with nearly 100 biographies taken from the following titles; Celebrities of the Century, Men and Women of the Day (1890-1893), Men of Mark (1876-1882), Men of the Reign (1885), People of the Period, Royal Society Obituaries Notice (1940-1941), and Women of the Day. The biographies are featured on Study Unit pages, and include historical figures such as Napoleon Bonaparte and Florence Nightingale. British Periodicals: This online collection traces the development and growth of the periodical press in Britain from its origins in the seventeenth century through to the Victorian 'age of periodicals' and beyond.

On completion this unique digital archive will consist of almost 500 periodical runs published from the 1680s to the 1930s, comprising six million keyword-searchable pages and forming an unrivalled record of more than two centuries of British history and culture. Selected articles have been included in Study Units. British Trials, 1660-1900: This is a microfiche collection of thousands of detailed, non-official accounts of criminal and civil trials spanning three centuries, published by ProQuest. These first-hand accounts have been brought together from the holdings of several major libraries into a cohesive collection in this microfiche set. The accounts were originally published as pamphlets or books, which were sold to the interested public. They offered readers more information than the formal written records of trials - which usually provided little more than an outline of the events in court - and frequently contain verbatim accounts of the court proceedings making them excellent sources for historical study. Many of the trials covered were about serious criminal offences, such as murder and cruelty, but political and civil trials are also included.

This collection provides coverage from the seventeenth to the nineteenth century, and contains over 2,400 entries, making it an immensely valuable source for those researching social, economic and legal history during these periods. Almost 100 of these trial accounts have been exclusively digitized for History Study Center, with the inclusion of defendants as diverse as a Georgian highwayman and Queen Caroline of Brunswick. Digital National Security Archive: ProQuest. created this online archive in collaboration with the National Security Archive, the world's largest non-governmental library of declassified documents. Founded in 1985 by scholars and journalists, the National Security Archive is a research institution, library and archive of international affairs and has the reputation of being the most prolific and successful user of declassified documents that come under the US Freedom of Information Act. The Digital National Security Archive is a database containing the most comprehensive collection available of declassified primary source documents pertaining to US military and foreign policy from 1945 to 2002, taken from the holdings of the National Security Archive. It contains over 55,000 full text documents, split into more than 20 collections that cover major world events and America's involvement in them.

The collections include The Berlin Crisis. 1958-1962, The Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, Iran: The Making of U.S. Policy and Presidential Directives on National Security from Truman to Clinton. All of the collections include a diverse range of documentation, including presidential directives, confidential letters, White House communications and diplomatic dispatches. A selection of these documents has been chosen from across the collections for inclusion in Study Units. Early English Books Online: This is a library of classic early English works, covering the first three centuries of printed works in English, from 1475 to 1700. Published by ProQuest, as the first project of its Digital Vault initiative, Early English Books Online is comprised of the full text of over 96,000 titles, which are completely searchable. The titles have been compiled from three definitive sources, The Short Title Catalogue I and II (Pollard & Redgrave, 1475-1640 and Wing, 1641-1700), The Thomason Tracts, a compendium of broadsides of the English Civil War, and the Early English Books Tract Supplements.

The full text is available in the form of scanned page images allowing researchers to view the books in their original form. This incredibly rich resource is valuable to researchers and students of a number of disciplines, including History, English Literature, Linguistics, and the Fine Arts, and the collection includes prayer books, pamphlets, almanacs and calendars, as well as a huge range of well known novels, plays, and texts. Many renowned authors are featured, including Malory, Spenser, Erasmus, Boyle, Galileo and Newton, and works include Thomas More's Utopia, Foxe's Acts and Monuments, and Hooke's Micrographia. Around 450 extracts from books and pamphlets are included in History Study Center, from royal declarations to remedies for the plague. Documents on British Policy Overseas: Documents on British Policy Overseas is a fully searchable collection of primary source documents from Britain's Foreign and Commonwealth Office, shedding light on diplomatic history throughout the twentieth century.

It is based on three distinct print series which form a record of British peacetime diplomacy since the end of the nineteenth century: British Documents on the Origins of the War 1898-1914, Documents on British Foreign Policy 1918-1939 and Documents on British Policy Overseas. Documents are selected and edited by the official historians of the FCO, with many documents specifically declassified for inclusion. The Documents on British Policy Overseas online database is produced in collaboration between ProQuest and the Foreign and Commonwealth Office. A small selection of documents has been included in History Study Center. English Historical Documents: This 10 volume collection published in print by Routledge is the authoritative work of primary source material for English and British history. It is an impressive and unparalleled collection of documents covering nearly 1,500 years of English history, spanning the years 500 to 1914. This collection was compiled to make a wide selection of fundamental historical sources available to students, researchers and academics, and the sources are often accompanied by editorial commentary that has been written to make them as accessible as possible.

English Historical Documents contains a considerable range of documents, with treaties, personal letters, declarations, newspaper articles, and charters amongst many other types of source. The editors working on History Study Centerhave selected key documents from across the 10 volumes for inclusion in the Study Unit pages, and these have been exclusively digitized for History Study Center. Amongst the key sources included are the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, the Domesday Book and Magna Carta. Founding Fathers: More than 8,000 pages of letters and other documents from the most important figures in early U.S. history are brought together in this microfiche collection. It is drawn from materials at the renowned Morristown (New Jersey) National Historical Park and the Dawes Library at Marietta College (Ohio). All signers of the Declaration of Independence are represented, as well as other important figures. A selection of documents from the likes of George Washington and Benjamin Franklin have been digitised and included in Study Units. The Gerritsen Collection of Aletta H. Jacobs : This collection is the greatest single source for the study of women's history in the world, covering four centuries and providing over 2 million pages of primary source material.

Aletta Jacobs, a Dutch physician and feminist, started collecting sources on women's issues in the late nineteenth century, along with her husband C.V. Gerritsen. When their successors completed the collection it comprised of 4,700 publications from the US, the UK, Canada, New Zealand and Europe, with 265 journal titles and over 4,400 monographs. Of these 52 per cent are English language titles, 21 per cent are written in German, 16 per cent in French and the remaining 11 per cent are in 12 different languages. The material covers all aspects of the female experience in history from 1543-1945, with feminist, anti-feminist and purely objective sources available for researchers and students to study. The Gerritsen Collection of Aletta H. Jacobs is available as an online archive from ProQuest, but is now also available as an online archive, which is fully searchable and offers the full text of all of the documents. Over 200 extracts taken from the books, pamphlets and periodicals in The Gerritsen Collection of Aletta H. Jacobs are available in History Study Center.

Hansard's Parliamentary Debates: In 1803 the British Parliament relaxed its stance on admitting newspapers to hear parliamentary proceedings, and William Cobbett began reporting political debates as part of his Political Register. This role was taken over by Thomas Curzon Hansard in 1812, and from 1829 the reports of parliamentary debates and speeches become known as Hansard. After 1909 the debates were published by the government, and virtually everything said in both the House of Lords and the House of Commons was recorded. The earlier reports were not strictly verbatim, as they omitted errors, repetitions and redundancies, but they provide researchers with an amazingly rich resource for the study of nineteenth-century British history. As a complete collection Hansard provides the full text of speeches and debates on key historical issues over two centuries, with relevance to political, social and economic history. For History Study Center 160 speeches have been digitized from the original print volumes, spanning from the early nineteenth-century to the late twentieth-century, and covering issues such as the transportation of convicts to Australia, the Zulu war and Home Rule in Ireland.

Harper's Magazine: Harper's is America's oldest continuously published monthly magazine and is well known for its literary importance, with content including reports, essays, criticism, fiction, poetry, humour and argument. Founded in June 1850 by the New York publishers Harper & Brothers, Harper's Magazine soon became one of the United States best-known current affairs magazines. Its coverage of important cultural, business, political and scientific events makes it an ideal source for historical research. It is also rich in literary content, containing works by Herman Melville, Henry James, Mark Twain, and Gabriel Garcia Marquez amongst others. Other notable contributors include Winston Churchill and Woodrow Wilson. Harper's Magazine is available online from ProQuest as part of Periodicals Archive Online. A variety of articles from Harper's Magazine are available in Study Units, including biographies of presidents and editorials on American society. House of Commons Parliamentary Papers: This resource is an invaluable record of British society, politics, government, and international affairs over the last two centuries. All sessional papers from 1801 to the present - around 9.5 million pages and 184,000 papers - have been digitised by ProQuest.

The British parliament publishes and distributes a wide range of important documents concerning matters such as new legislation, emerging national and international issues and the general running of government. These documents include proposed legislation, regular government reports and special investigative reports, and the full text is reproduced in this collection, providing researchers with easy access to the records. Over 250 papers have been selected from this collection for inclusion in History Study Center. These documents cover many significant historical events, including the 1807 Bill to abolish slavery in the British colonies and the establishment of the principles of equal pay in 1969. The Hulton Archive: This archive is a renowned images collection owned by Getty Images, and with over 40 million images is one of the largest collections of photographs and illustrative material in the world. The collection is based in London and in New York, and was created when Getty Images acquired two leading historical stock houses, Hulton Deutsch (in 1996) and Archive Photos (in 2000).

The main collections in Hulton Deutsch's archive are the pictures from the groundbreaking news weekly Picture Post, the photojournalism magazine which influenced the style and content of news periodicals world wide, and the Keystone collection, which is an amalgamation of four separate press agencies. Archive Photos was founded in 1990 with the specific aim of creating a new source for old photographs, and it brought together two photographic agencies, Pictorial Parade and Frederick Lewis Stock photos. The collection grew significantly over the years, with additions from The New York Times and Metronome amongst others. In total there are over 230,000 images available in the Hulton Archive, ranging from illustrations and engravings from the fourteenth century, to photographs from recent years. Thousands of these images are used in History Study Center, in Study Units and in the searchable Picture Library, providing users with a rich range of historical visual material. INTELECOM History Video Collection: INTELECOM Intelligent Telecommunications, a non-profit corporation operated by a joint power authority of 31 California community colleges, is a leading producer of curriculum-based media for online, distance and classroom learning.

The INTELECOM History Video Collection included in History Study Center includes hundreds of clips originally from the curriculum-based documentary series Framework For Democracy and An Unfinished Nation. They provide an introduction to major topics in American history with contributions from leading historians and former politicians. Library and Archives Canada: Library and Archives Canada collects and preserves Canada's documentary heritage, and makes it accessible to all Canadians. This heritage includes publications, archival records, sound and audio-visual materials, photographs, artworks, and electronic documents such as websites. Selected images from the Archives have been included in History Study Center. Literature Online: This resource is a fully searchable library of over 350,000 works of English and American poetry, drama and prose. It is the leading online resource for English and American literature, and covers over 13 centuries of English writing, from the eighth to the twenty-first century. It contains some 4,000 works of English and American drama, 800 works of prose, more than 280,000 poems and over 70 current literary journals in full text, along with thousands of critical articles, essays, biographies, bibliographies and encyclopedic entries.

Literature Online includes a number of literary collections published by ProQuest, including American Poetry, Eighteenth Century Fiction and English Drama. In addition to these discrete databases of primary texts Literature Online also provides a wealth of critical material and reference resources. History Study Center features over 200 texts from Literature Online in its Study Unit pages, providing literary evidence on topics as diverse as the Home Rule movement in Canada, Victorian factory conditions, and the Interregnum, and featuring renowned authors including Charles Dickens, John Dryden and George Eliot. Magnum Photos: In 1947, four photographers - Robert Capa, Henri Cartier-Bresson, George Rodger, and David "Chim" Seymour - founded the photographic agency Magnum Photos. It was set up as a cooperative in which photographers, rather than magazines, would be in control - they would have the flexibility to cover subjects of their own choice and would retain copyright in their images. Today, the Magnum offices maintain an archive of over a million photos dating back to the 1930s, of which more than 200,000 are searchable in an online database.

Selected images have been licensed for inclusion in History Study Center, and appear in the Picture Library and in Study Units. Other History Study Center images: A small number of additional images have been included in History Study Center with the permission of the photographers. Palmer's Full Text Online, 1790-1905: This resource published by ProQuest is the online version of The Times®, providing coverage of this renowned newspaper from its founding as the Daily Universal Register in the eighteenth-century until the beginning of the twentieth-century. Palmer's Full Text Online is comprised of Samuel Palmer's famous index to the newspaper, which covers the years 1790-1905, and the full text of the newspaper in the form of facsimile page images, which is available between 1800 and 1870. Over a million articles reporting on events in British and world history are available in full text, providing researchers with unparalleled access to one of the most important primary sources for the nineteenth century.

History Study Center currently features over 800 articles taken from Palmer's Full Text Online, including a review of Darwin's Origin of Species from 1859, accounts of Sir Robert Peel's farewell speech, and a strident editorial on Victorian child labor. Pamphlets in American History: Revolutionary War: This microfiche collection includes 404 pamphlet titles and was originally filmed by the Microfilming Corporation of America. Presented are opinions on Colonial rights and Great Britain's rights, accounts of battles, opinions, and debates on the Declaration of Independence, as well as material on every issue surrounding the Revolutionary era. Selected titles have been digitised and included in Study Units. The Papers of Aaron Burr, 1756-1836: This collection was filmed by the Microfilming Collection of America and co-sponsored by the New York Historical Society and the National Historical Publications and Records Commission. There are more than 45,000 pages (correspondence, books, journals and legal papers) tracing Burr's career as he climbed to national prominence and then fled the country in exile. Certain documents have been digitised for the History Study Center including material related to Burr's trial for treason.

The Papers of Daniel Webster, 1798-1852: As a politician, lawyer, writer and orator, Daniel Webster's contributions to the development of American life were substantial. The 16,000 items in the Papers of Daniel Webster date from 1798 to 1852, and comprise the most comprehensive collection of Webster materials ever assembled. The papers feature personal and political correspondence, poems, essays and orations he wrote while at Dartmouth College, drafts of editorials for the National Intelligencer, legal papers, and Congressional and diplomatic documents. The microfilm collection was filmed by UMI. Selected documents have been digitized for use in History Study Center. Periodicals Archive Online: Periodicals Archive Online is an online archive, published by ProQuest, of hundreds of scholarly journals in the arts, humanities and social sciences. It includes every article from the first issue up to 1995. This full text collection makes it easy for students and researchers to locate articles relevant to their study in 37 different subject areas.

Included in Study Units are over 3,000 articles taken from over 70 journals, including important scholarship from the backfiles of titles such as the Journal of Modern History, English Historical Review, Journal of Women's History, and Historian; A Journal of History, as well as contemporary comment from titles such as Foreign Affairs and Current History. Presidential Documents: This title, published by Routledge, is a comprehensive collection of over 120 documents dealing with more than 200 years of the American presidency. The collection contains key and lesser-known speeches, proclamations, letters and other decisive papers that have shaped the course of American history, and each document is accompanied by an introduction which provides background information and an explanation of the impact of the source on American history. The documents have been selected and edited by Professors J. F. Watts and Fred L. Israel, and range from indispensable speeches such as Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, and the inaugural addresses of George Washington and Franklin Roosevelt, to less well-known documents from the presidencies of individuals like James Garfield and Chester Arthur.

Forty presidencies are covered in this collection, from George Washington's to Bill Clinton's, and it offers a wealth of information on American political history. All of the documents in this collection are available in History Study Center. Presidential Election Campaign Documents, 1868-1900: This collection offers an insight into the major political issues from the post-Civil War period of American history. Covering the nine presidential elections from 1868 to 1900, the collection contains the campaign books of the two principal parties plus copies of nearly all the pamphlets and speeches published by their national committees. Also provided are numerous reports and biographical information on these election campaigns. The materials come from the collection of presidential campaign pamphlets of the Dartmouth College Library. Selected documents have been digitised for use in Study Units. ProQuest: ProQuest Research Library is one of the most comprehensive digital databases in the world, providing an online collection of indexes, abstracts and the full text of a wide range of magazines, newspapers and journals. There are several hundred history and humanities journals available in this collection, and History Study Center features articles from around 300 relevant journals.

There are around 3,500 full text articles included in Study Units, taken from key titles such as the Journal of Contemporary History, Journal of Global History and Civil War History. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Atlanta Constitution: The Atlanta Constitution was first published on 16 June 1868, during the Reconstruction era. Issues from 1868-1929 are available online through ProQuest Historical Newspapers and selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Boston Globe: Eben Jordan and five other Boston businessmen founded the Boston Globe as a daily morning newspaper in 1872. Issues from 1872-1923 are available online through ProQuest Historical Newspapers and selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The Chicago Defender: Robert Sengstacke Abbott founded The Chicago Defender in May 1905 and by the outbreak of the First World War it had become the most widely-read black newspaper in the country, with more than two thirds of its readership based outside Chicago.

When Abbott died in 1940, his nephew John Sengstacke became editor and publisher of the Defender, which began publishing on a daily basis in 1956. Issues from 1905-75 are available online through ProQuest Historical Newspapers and selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Chicago Tribune: The Chicago Tribune was founded in 1847 and has earned a reputation for hard-hitting investigation and public service journalism. As part of the ProQuest Historical Newspapers program, every page of every issue from 1849 to 1985 is available online. Selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Hartford Courant: The Hartford Courant is America's oldest newspaper in continuous publication and predates American independence, beginning as a weekly paper in 1764. It had the largest circulation of any colonial newspaper during the Revolutionary War and began publishing a daily edition in 1836.

All issues from 1764-1984 are available online through ProQuest Historical Newspapers and selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Los Angeles Times: First published on 4 December 1881 (as the Los Angeles Daily Times), by the 1940s the Los Angeles Times had become the leading newspaper in Los Angeles. It is now the largest metropolitan newspaper in the United States. ProQuest Historical Newspapers includes every issue of the Los Angeles Times from its inception in 1881 to 1985, with full page images and article images in PDF format. Selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers New York Times: This resource provides online access to The New York Times, the newspaper viewed as the 'official' newspaper of the United States because of its presence in American life for over 150 years.

Founded in 1851, it was known as The New York Daily Times for the first 6 years of publication, changing its name to The New York Times in 1857. As part of the ProQuest Historical Newspapers collection the complete historical back file of The New York Times, from 1851 to 1999, has been digitized, making the page images of every page of every issue available for students and researchers to use. Over 25 million articles can be searched, and because this collection reproduces the page images from the original newspapers, the 3.4 million pages available also include editorials, obituaries, birth and marriage announcements, photographs, drawings and advertisements. Material has been selected for inclusion in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers, and featured are articles on the Rosenberg case, Mafia activity and the Women's Rights Movement. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The Christian Science Monitor: The Christian Science Monitor was founded by Mary Baker Eddy in 1908 and is renowned for its coverage of international news.

The ProQuest Historical Newspapers program provides online access to full page images from the Christian Science Monitor from 1908 to 1990. The database includes more than 800,000 pages of articles in PDF format dating back to the very first issue. Selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers The Guardian and The Observer: The Guardian (1821-2003) and The Observer (1791-2003) offers full page and article images with searchable full text back to the first issue. The collection includes digital reproductions providing access to every page from every available issue. The Guardian was first published in response to the Peterloo Massacre. Originally known as the Manchester Guardian, it was a Saturday-only paper until the newspaper stamp duty was repealed in 1855. The Observer, the world's oldest Sunday paper, was first published in 1791. Selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Wall Street Journal: Charles H. Dow, Edward D.

Jones and their associate Charles M. Bergstresser founded The Wall Street Journal in 1889, and it is now recognised as the world's leading financial newspaper, with the largest paid circulation of any U.S. papers. As part of the ProQuest Historical Newspapers collection the complete historical back file of The Wall Street Journal, from 1889 until 1985, has been digitised. Researchers can search online through over 5 million articles, and because this collection reproduces the page images from the original newspapers, the 1.4 million pages available also include editorials, obituaries, birth and marriage announcements, photographs, drawings and advertisements. It is a fantastic primary source for those studying the history of the United States during the twentieth- century, and over 120 articles are featured in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers, including accounts of President Nixon's resignation, opposition to Apartheid in South Africa, and the movement for Chicano civil rights. ProQuest Historical Newspapers Washington Post: This full-image archive provides the full historical run of The Washington Post, spanning every administration from Hayes through Reagan.

Researchers in American history, culture, and government will get access to complete coverage from 1877-1988. As part of the ProQuest Historical Newspapers program, the database delivers every page of every issue from cover to cover, with full-page and article images in downloadable PDF. Selected articles have been included in Study Units and Chadwyck-Healey Selections from Historical Newspapers, including coverage of the Russian Revolution and the Watergate scandal. The Warren Commission Hearings and Report on the Assassination of President Kennedy: During the course of its massive investigation into the assassination of John F. Kennedy, the Warren Commission took testimony from 552 witnesses, used more than 2,300 investigative reports from the FBI, and incorporated 800 reports from the Secret Service into their findings. The 27 volumes of the hearings and reports were originally published in 1964-65 by the Government Printing Office. Now out of print, the Warren Commission Report continues to be in great demand as a research source. The microform edition was filmed by the Microfilming Corporation of America and key materials have been digitised and included in History Study Center.

Slavery & Anti-Slavery Pamphlets from the Libraries of Salmon P. Chase & John P. Hale: Salmon P. Chase (1808-73), member of the Lincoln Cabinet and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, and John P. Hale (1806-73), a distinguished lawyer and Senator from New Hampshire, were both active in the anti-slavery movement. Between them they accumulated a rich legacy of abolitionist materials which has been filmed by UMI and made available to researchers on microform. The 166 pamphlets, speeches, reports, legal opinions and convention proceedings, most printed in the 1840s and 1850s, examine the historical, legal, social and religious aspects of the slavery issue. As well as abolitionist writings the opposing viewpoint is also represented in this material. A selection of items from the collection were digitised and incorporated into Study Units. Slavery: Catalyst for Conflict: This remarkable microfiche collection brings together essential literature on the institution of slavery as it became the emotional fuel for sweeping social, political and economic change in the United States.

There are more than 5,900 documents in the collection including biographies, campaign literature, correspondence, legal decisions, sermons, broadsides, debates, eyewitness accounts, speeches, newspapers, and periodicals. Materials were filmed by the Microfilming Corporation of America and the majority were drawn from the holdings of The State Historical Society of Wisconsin, the New York Historical Society Library, the New York Public Library, and the Long Island Historical Society. A selection of documents was digitised for inclusion in History Study Center. Western Americana: This microfiche collection includes 1,012 titles on the settlement of the American West. It spans the eighteenth to the early twentieth centuries, and includes federal and state documents, directories, guidebooks, state and regional histories, memoirs, reminiscences and travel accounts, and conventional primary and secondary histories of the west. The collection was originally filmed by UMI and compiled by Clark C. Spence and four other prominent historians, who sought to present researchers with firsthand accounts by the ordinary men and women who built the west.

A selection of titles has been digitized for inclusion in Study Units, including the recollections of travellers who spent time among the Native American tribes, and accounts of the early histories of some western states. The WPA Film Library: This is one of the world's largest archival collections of the moving-image, with over 60,000 hours of vintage and contemporary film footage. The library was founded in 1987, and joined the MPI Media Group in 1989, and since this time WPA holdings have expanded to include a vast amount of high quality video and film footage. With deep holdings in history, popular culture, music, geography and news, including the full 3,500 hours of the British Pathe News Collection available on digital masters, this collection contains a massive amount of historical images from across the entire span of the twentieth century. All of the masters have been struck from the original film materials, not second generation duplicates and prints, meaning that the images are of the best possible quality. Video clips from this archive are currently featured in a number of Study Units covering twentieth century history, including scenes from World War II, speeches by Martin Luther King, and footage of colonial Africa.

Magna Carta an introduction - The British Library Magna Carta: an introduction Theme: Medieval origins What is Magna Carta. Why was it created? What does it say, and why has it become one of the most celebrated documents in history? Narrated by Monty Python’s Terry Jones, this animation takes you back in time to medieval England in 1215 under the reign of Bad King John. Why was the charter originally created? And what does it actually say? What is Magna Carta? Magna Carta, meaning ‘The Great Charter’, is one of the most famous documents in the world. Originally issued by King John of England (r.1199-1216) as a practical solution to the political crisis he faced in 1215, Magna Carta established for the first time the principle that everybody, including the king, was subject to the law. Although nearly a third of the text was deleted or substantially rewritten within ten years, and almost all the clauses have been repealed in modern times, Magna Carta remains a cornerstone of the British constitution. Most of the 63 clauses granted by King John dealt with specific grievances relating to his rule.

However, buried within them were a number of fundamental values that both challenged the autocracy of the king and proved highly adaptable in future centuries. Most famously, the 39th clause gave all ‘free men’ the right to justice and a fair trial. Some of Magna Carta’s core principles are echoed in the United States Bill of Rights (1791) and in many other constitutional documents around the world, as well as in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and the European Convention on Human Rights (1950). Magna Carta 1215 One of the four surviving copies of the 1215 Magna Carta containing the famous clause ‘to no one will we sell, to no one deny or delay right or justice’. Free from known copyright restrictions Why does Magna Carta matter today? In 1215 Magna Carta was a peace treaty between the King and the rebel barons. In that respect it was a failure, but it provided a new framework for the relationship between the King and his subjects.

The 1225 version of Magna Carta, freely issued by Henry III (r.1216-72) in return for a tax granted to him by the whole kingdom, took this idea further and became the definitive version of the text. Three clauses of the 1225 Magna Carta remain on the statute book today. Although most of the clauses of Magna Carta have now been repealed, the many divergent uses that have been made of it since the Middle Ages have shaped its meaning in the modern era, and it has become a potent, international rallying cry against the arbitrary use of power. Magna Carta, 1225 The 1225 version of Magna Carta, freely issued by Henry III in return for a tax granted to him by the whole kingdom, became the definitive version of the text. Free from known copyright restrictions What does Magna Carta say? Although Magna Carta contained 63 clauses when it was first granted, only three of those clauses remain part of English law.

One defends the liberties and rights of the English Church, another confirms the liberties and customs of London and other towns, but the third is the most famous: No free man shall be seized or imprisoned, or stripped of his rights or possessions, or outlawed or exiled, or deprived of his standing in any other way, nor will we proceed with force against him, or send others to do so, except by the lawful judgement of his equals or by the law of the land. To no one will we sell, to no one deny or delay right or justice. This clause gave all free men the right to justice and a fair trial. However, ‘free men’ comprised only a small proportion of the population in medieval England. The majority of the people were unfree peasants known as ‘villeins’, who could seek justice only through the courts of their own lords. Buried deep in Magna Carta, this clause was given no particular prominence in 1215, but its intrinsic adaptability has allowed succeeding generations to reinterpret it for their own purposes.

In the 14th century Parliament saw it as guaranteeing trial by jury; in the 17th century Sir Edward Coke (1552-1634) interpreted it as a declaration of individual liberty in his conflict with the early Stuart kings; and it has echoes in the American Bill of Rights (1791) and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). Much of the remainder of Magna Carta dealt with specific grievances regarding the ownership of land, the regulation of the justice system, and medieval taxes with no modern equivalent (such as ‘scutage’ and ‘socage’). It demanded the removal of fish weirs from the Thames, the Medway and throughout England; the dismissal of several royal servants; the standardisation of various weights and measures; and so on. Magna Carta stated that no taxes could be demanded without the ‘general consent of the realm’, meaning the leading barons and churchmen. It re-established privileges which had been lost, and it linked fines to the severity of the offence so as not to threaten an individual’s livelihood. It also confirmed that a widow could not be forced to remarry against her wishes. Why was Magna Carta created?

In 1214, a mercenary army raised by King John was defeated by the French at the Battle of Bouvines in northern France. This army had been paid largely by the tax known as ‘scutage’ , a payment made to the Crown in place of providing knights for military service, and the focus of much baronial discontent. King John’s reign was also marked by his strained relationship with the Church . John had rejected the election of Stephen Langton (1150-1228) as Archbishop of Canterbury, and in 1208 the Pope issued a decree (known as an ‘Interdict’), prohibiting people in England from receiving the sacraments or being buried in consecrated ground. King John was excommunicated by Pope Innocent III (1161-1216) in 1209, and the Interdict remained in place until John surrendered his kingdom to the overlordship of the Pope in 1213. In 1213, a party of rebel barons met with Archbishop Stephen Langton and the papal legate (a representative of the Pope) to air their grievances against the King.

They also urged that John should agree to confirm the coronation charter issued by his ancestor, King Henry I, in 1100, which had promised ‘to abolish all the evil customs by which the kingdom of England has been unjustly oppressed’. In early 1215, the dispute escalated when King John refused to meet the barons’ demands. In May many barons renounced their oaths of allegiance to him, choosing Robert fitz Walter (1162-1235) as their leader. Their capture of the city of London that same month was a turning point in their campaign. Once London was in the barons’ hands, John had no option but to negotiate with them. The two sides met at Runnymede, on the River Thames near Windsor in the south of England, in June 1215. The demands of the barons were recorded in the document known as the Articles of the Barons . Following further discussions with the barons and clerics led by Archbishop Langton, King John granted the Charter of Liberties, subsequently known as Magna Carta , at Runnymede on 15 June 1215.

On 19 June the rebel barons made their formal peace with King John and renewed their oaths of allegiance to him. The King’s clerks set about drawing up copies of the agreement for distribution throughout the kingdom. It is not certain how many copies of the 1215 Magna Carta were originally issued, but four copies still survive: one in Lincoln Cathedral; one in Salisbury Cathedral; and two at the British Library. Like other medieval royal charters, Magna Carta was authenticated with the Great Seal, not by the signature of the king. The Articles of the Barons The concessions made by John to his barons were outlined in a document known as the 'Articles of the Barons', to which the King's great seal was attached. Meanwhile the royal chancery produced a formal royal grant, based on the agreements reached at Runnymede, which became known as Magna Carta. The Times & The Sunday Times Protesters mass ahead of Trump’s presidency America split as almost 1m attend inauguration Donald Trump flew to Washington yesterday to take the oath of office in a city braced for the biggest demonstrations against a new US president since the Vietnam war.

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“Seven times a day I praise you.” – Psalm 118(119):164 The Lord has commanded us to pray without ceasing, and this is what the Hours help us do. Morning Prayer – at the start of the day's work and the coming of the light. Daytime Prayer – at mid-morning , noon and in the afternoon , to unite us with the one for whom and through whom we are working. Evening Prayer – at the end of the day's work, to offer up what we have done. Night Prayer – last thing at night, to commend our souls to God. And finally, there is the magnificent Office of Readings , at whatever time of day is best for us to reflect on the mystery of salvation, with the help of Scripture and the writings of the Fathers of the Church. “The purpose of the Divine Office is to sanctify the day and all human activity.” – Apostolic Constitution, Canticum Laudis. The Liturgy of the Hours is the richest single prayer resource of the Christian Church, with prayers, psalms and readings for each of the Hours, changing each day and through the seasons. But such riches come at a price.

With more than a thousand different Hours every year, the books are thick and using them is complex. So complex that it is rare to find anyone reciting the Hours apart from the clergy and religious. Which is not as it should be. This treasure is too marvellous to be the exclusive possession of our servants: “The Office is... the prayer not only of the clergy but of the whole People of God.” – Apostolic Constitution, Canticum Laudis. Read it here and now Follow the links on this page. There is one link for each Hour. They'll be on the left if your screen is wide, or at the top of page if it's narrow. Bookmark them and they will always be within reach. As well as the Liturgy of the Hours, the readings at Mass are available. So is the Order of Mass . Limited translations: For copyright reasons the web pages can’t use the Grail psalms in the Liturgy of the Hours, or (if you are in the USA) the NAB bible for the readings and psalms at Mass. Limited dates: You can only see yesterday, today, and the week ahead.

Apps and programs Instead of using the web site, you can use a Universalis app on your iPhone / iPad, iPod Touch, Amazon Fire, or Android device, and also on Windows and the Mac. Here are the advantages: More and better translations Unlimited dates: as far into the past and future as you care to go. No need for an Internet connection Layout optimized for your computer or device, often with a choice of font styles and sizes. The Mass Today page, which combines the Order of Mass with the prayers and readings for the day, so that the whole Mass is in one place. Some priests even recite Mass from this page. Many extra features Mac e-books If you have a Nook or a Kindle or another e-book reader, they can't use apps. But you can still get Universalis e-books, which are almost as good as an app. A Universalis e-book covers a fixed period (a month, a half-year, or a year) and has one chapter for each Hour in each day. Find out more Daily email service If you like, our servers can send you your chosen Hours every day, either all at once or in separate emails.

Free services Catholic Calendar If you want just the liturgical calendar, with notes on the saints and feasts, every one of the Universalis apps and programs has a free version that gives you just that. RSS feeds If you read blogs with a feed reader, you can get some Universalis content in the same way. Read about it here . Twitter feed We’re now providing a Twitter feed of the saint of the day. The feed is called @CatholicFeasts and it posts once a day. Here is some more information . Facebook page Our Facebook page also posts the saint of each day. If you Like it, you will see the saint of day in your news feed. Services for webmasters If you have your own web site, you can incorporate a Universalis banner to show the saint or feast of the day. There are other free services for webmasters as well. Read about them here .

Question: Originally known as the Daily Universal Register, how is it known today?
Answer: THE TIMES