How is the world divided in '1984'? - Quora Quora This is the world map as per 1984: Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia are three totalitarian superstates, which are perpetually at war. Little known fact: Orwell got the idea for Nineteen Eighty-Four after the Tehran Conference, at which Roosevelt, Stalin and Churchill discussed how the world would be divided up upon the defeat of the Axis Powers. 195 Views Get your ego out of the way. It's almost always in the way. Put others before yourself. Move towards what you love rather than away from what you fear. Make kindness a priority. Learn more. For example, if you need to make a choice between two jobs pick the one where you will learn the most. Difficult things are underrated. Difficult is awesome and satisfying. Yes, you can. Yes it's hard. Yay for ... Updated Oct 3 He’s been as good a president as the Republicans allowed him to be. If he had had a Democratic Congress he could have been brilliant, another FDR or Johnson. Considering the train wreck he inherited, yes, he has been a very good president.

But most of his efforts have been to put the train back on the track rather than take it forward into the future. Written Apr 6, 2016 I once saw an obstetrician (who by the way was very skilled and caring BTW) deliver a difficult forceps delivery. There was a LOT of fluid, the baby flew out, head having been freed, landed upon the docs vary wet plastic apron, and shot towards the floor like she was on flume ride. The paediatrician- who was standing by to collect the babe- fortunately was an essential rugby player, an... A Map of George Orwell's "1984" | Big Think A Map of George Orwell's "1984" Over a year ago In George Orwell’s dystopian novel ‘1984’, the world is ruled by three superstates: • Oceania covers the entire continents of America and Oceania and the British Isles, the main location for the novel, in which they are referred to as ‘Airstrip One’. • Eurasia covers Europe and (more or less) the entire Soviet Union. • Eastasia covers Japan, Korea, China and northern India.

Unfortunately, there’s not much ‘super’ to these states except their size. All three are totalitarian dictatorships. Oceania’s ideology is Ingsoc (English Socialism), Eurasia’s Neo-Bolshevism and Eastasia’s is the Obliteration of the Self (one imagines some kind of buddhist-inspired fascism. If one can). These ideologies are very similar, but the people are not informed of this. The three states are in a perpetual state of warfare – sometimes two against one, sometimes all three against each other. These wars are fought in the disputed territories, running from North Africa over the Middle East and southern India to Southeast Asia. And yet… And yet the war might just not even be real at all. It’s clear that the Oceanic media are one-sided and fabricate ‘facts’. A dissident book central to ‘1984’ suggests the two other powers may actually be a fabrication of the government of Oceania, which would make it the world government.

Or, on the other side of the scale of thinkable alternatives: Airstrip One is not an outpost of a greater empire, but the sole territory under the command of Ingsoc, which fabricates eternal global war to keep its people permanently mobilised, scrutinised and on rations. This map taken from Wikipedia’s ’1984′ page . Strange Maps #66 Orwell's Nightmare | The Socialist Party of Great Britain George Orwell “If you want a picture of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face . . . Forever.” Surely no date has ever been awaited with such foreboding as 1984. The reason is George Orwell's novel of the same name which paints a nightmarish picture of a world divided into three huge superstates: Eastasia, Eurasia, and Oceania.

It is a world characterised by dreary squalor, permanent warfare, spying telescreens, the "thought police", and Big Brother: “The ideal set up by the Party was something huge, terrible and glittering – a world of steel and concrete, of monstrous machines and terrifying weapons – a nation of warriors and fanatics, marching forward in perfect unity, all thinking the same thoughts and shouting the same slogans, perpetually working, fighting, triumphing, persecuting – three hundred million people all with the same face.” In Oceania all hopes of social change, revolutionary or otherwise, have been systematically eliminated by the all-powerful totalitarian state. History has come to a stop. George Orwell was born Eric Blair in Mothari, India, in 1903. He was educated at Eton and held a variety of jobs including an Imperial policeman in Burma, a private tutor, a school teacher, and a bookshop assistant, He is best remembered however as a writer and social commentator who presented, analysed and advocated political ideas.

In 1947 in a short essay called Why I Write, Orwell spelled out his aims and motives as a writer: “What I have most wanted to do throughout the past ten years is to make political writing an art. My starting point is always a feeling of partisanship, a sense of injustice.” Not a bad starting point, but what were the political ideas Orwell advocated? They are difficult to pin down with any precision as Orwell did not wish to be compromised by commitment to a doctrine or programme – a subject he wrote about in the essay, Writers and Leviathan. His "socialism" was in fact little more than a moral stance, a call for "justice" and "liberty" and for a more humane and decent world. He attempted to live up to these convictions and in the Spanish Civil War enlisted in the POUM (Workers' Party of Marxist-Unification), a popular militia fighting at the Front. Eventually, political expediency led to the POUM being denounced by the Communist Party as a "fascist fifth column". Persecution and executions followed, forcing Orwell and his wife to escape into France.

It was these experiences (vividly recaptured in the autobiographical Homage to Catalonia) that led to both Orwell's anti-Communist Party attitude and his distrust of "intellectuals". Orwell's writing life lasted less than twenty years. His book output was relatively small although it was bolstered by his numerous essays and journalism. In January 1950, aged 46, he died from tuberculosis from which he had suffered for some time. Since his death his growing reputation as a writer stemmed largely from his last two novels, Animal Farm and 1984 – both satires on totalitarianism. In a recently published book (George Orwell: The Road to 1984), P. Lewis says “One of the many paradoxes about him is that thirty years after his death, his work is more alive than in his lifetime . . . He is increasingly read, becomes more influential and remains perfectly relevant.” The novel 1984 is an extremely influential book.

It has appeared in more than sixty languages, its sales are in the millions, it has been put on the curricula of schools and colleges and was turned into a film and a television play (the latter, in 1954, caused one of the BBC's biggest controversies). The book's appeal stems from its dramatic treatment of important ideas; 1984 has influenced the way in which people think about society and the future. It has introduced into everyday speech a number of words and concepts: even people who have never read the book are familiar with "Big Brother", "Doublethink" and "Newspeak". One of the main themes in 1984 is the use of language to corrupt and distort thought. History is written in the Ministry of Truth, facts inconvenient to the regime are pushed down the memory hole, and Newspeak is the official language rendering certain modes of thought impossible. All of this is epitomised in the three slogans of the Party: "War is Peace", "Freedom is Slavery", “Ignorance is Strength". Today, the very term "Orwellian" has become an adjective to describe any institution or event which evokes oppression and organised lying. You may wonder why it is not used more often.

Since its publication in 1948 the novel 1984 has generated diverse theories to explain why Orwell should have written such a book. According to one view, 1984 is a deliberate and powerful attack on "socialism". Isaac Deutscher (the biographer of Trotsky) referred to the novel as an "ideological weapon in the coldwar". While the novel has been used with great enthusiasm by the opponents of socialism, there is good evidence to show that even by Orwell's confused notions this was not his intention. When controversy surrounding the novel began he stated explicitly: “My novel Nineteen Eighty Four is not intended as an attack on socialism, or on the Labour Party (of which I am a supporter), but as a show up of the perversions to which a centralised economy is liable, and which have already been partly realised in Communism and Fascism . . . . I believe also that totalitarian ideas have taken root in the minds of intellectuals everywhere, and I have tried to draw these ideas out to their logical consequences” (Letter to F. A. Henson, l6 June 1949. CEJL, Vol 4, p.

564.) What were these totalitarian ideas which Orwell was attacking? Firstly, they were the ideas of the "intellectuals", especially those on the left wing, who were prepared to distort history and obscure the truth in order to further their own ends: “The truth is, of course, that the countless English intellectuals who kiss the arse of Stalin are not different from the minority who give their allegiance to Hitler or Mussolini . . . All of them are worshipping power and successful cruelty. It is important to notice that the cult of power tends to be mixed up with a love of cruelty and wickedness for their own sakes.” (Raffles and Miss Blandish, 1944. CEJL, Vol 3, p.258.) Secondly, they were the tendencies Orwell saw around him in 1948 – in particular the growth of central state power. Fascist Germany had been defeated but there was state-capitalist Russia, and a nationalising post-war Labour government in Britain. Others have attempted a psychoanalytical explanation of the novel, believing it to be the cry of a disillusioned and dying man. An examination of Orwell's earlier writings shows quite clearly that this is not the case.

1984 is the fruition of a number of ideas and preoccupations which Orwell had been developing for a number of years. As his friend R. Rees says, ". . . he succeeds in packing into 1984 nearly all the ideas of his previous books". It is interesting to see how Llew Gardner of the Daily Worker (18 December, 1954) managed to combine both of these theories to attack Orwell (obviously unhappy to see the ugly face of Russian "communism" so accurately portrayed: “When he wrote 1984, the anti-socialist work that shocked the nation on television, George Orwell was sick in body and mind, a fast dying man.” This must have a familiar ring to it, especially for the numerous Russian dissidents who are sent to hospitals for "psychiatric treatment". Most ridiculous of all is the use of 1984 as a yardstick to measure future developments. For example, in September 1974, the Daily Telegraph magazine produced a special issue devoted to the novel. It had in bold print on the cover: "George Orwell predicted complete oppression by 1984, and a soul-less society, without love or freedom".

A recent article in New Scientist by C. L. Boltz ("1984: A Passed Future") criticises Orwell for, among other things, not foreseeing the growth of feminism and the revolt of the young. This type of explanation not only misses the point of 1984 but attempts to turn Orwell into something he never claimed to be – a prophet. On the contrary, he said: “I do not believe that the kind of society I describe will arrive, but I believe (allowing, of course, for the fact that the book is a satire) that something resembling it could arrive.” (Letter to F. A. Henson.) Certain important criticisms must be made of 1984 arising from Orwell's limited understanding of the nature of class and power in society. For example, what are we to make of his vision of the "proles"? Can the class struggle be subdued so that nobody ever protests about the appalling conditions in Oceania? Most serious of all, can we really be expected to accept the central argument of the book that "power", as an end in itself, is the motive force of the whole social system?

Every study of Orwell sooner or later discusses his obsession with his own social background and upbringing. In The Road to Wigan Pier he describes himself as a member of the "lower upper middle class". Commentators talk of the “transformation" of Blair into Orwell as the rejection of his upbringing and the search for a new social identity. This may explain Orwell's attachment to what he considered "the working class". Yet Orwell never understood what class meant. Class is an economic condition, an objective social relationship, derived from an individual's relation to the ownership and control of wealth production. There are only two classes in capitalist society, those who possess but do not produce (capitalists) and those who produce but do not possess (workers). There is no choice in the matter; there are no alternatives. If you work for a wage or salary you are a member of the working class. It follows from the existence of a class-divided society that the two classes pursue antagonistic interests: there is a continuous class struggle. Yet although production continues in the class-divided society of Oceania with the "proles" doing all the necessary work social unrest, the other side of the coin, has disappeared.

Orwell never explains why there are no more strikes, no more stoppages, no more disputes. Finally, it is because of Orwell's inability to explain class that he is unable to detect the real material force behind capitalist society – the relentless pursuit of profit. Despite this criticism 1984 remains an important and stimulating book. And as for Orwell? We can apply the epigraph he uses for one of his own characters, George Bowling, in Coming Up for Air: “He's dead, but he won't lie down.” Explain the war between Oceania, Eurasia, and Eastasia in 1984. Who is Oceania actually battling? Is there even a war? | eNotes Explain the war between Oceania, Eurasia, and Eastasia in 1984. Who is Oceania actually battling? Is there even a war? kcoleman2016 | High School Teacher | (Level 1) Associate Educator Posted on September 20, 2015 at 4:03 PM Oceania is always at war.

The government preaches that "War is Peace" because when the nation of Oceania is at war, the people of Oceania are all linked together through strong nationalism. If they are at war with someone else, they will be at peace with each other. It is a disturbing and confusing idea, but if you look at the United States during World War II, you'll find a similar state of nationalism (a good term here would be jingoism - look it up!). However, what matters less to the government is who they are at war with, as long as they are indeed at war in some capacity. At the beginning of the book, Oceania is, and has always been, at war with Eurasia, and Eastasia is an ally. However, in Book 2, the government announces that Oceania is, and always has been, at war with Eastasia, and that Eurasia is an ally. In short: Oceania has always been at war, and they don't care who they are fighting. At the beginning, it's Eurasia, then it changes the Eastasia, and the government claims there has been no change.

like 1 dislike 0 February 9, 2016 at 9:01 AM In 1984, the world is divided into three states: Oceania, Eastasia, and Eurasia. Oceania is constantly at war with one of these states while at peace with the other. For the majority of the book, Oceania is at war with Eastasia and is allied with Eurasia. Winston, however, clearly remembers a time when Eurasia was the enemy, but the party have rewritten the official history and nobody is prepared to contradict this (Part 1, Chapter 3). So the party continues to vilify Eastasia by encouraging public hatred of the country and by executing its war criminals. Suddenly, in the middle of Hate Week, an event designed to encourage hatred of Eastasia, Oceania switches its enemy. This happens without any warning and, all of a sudden, Oceania is at war with Eurasia and the war with Eastasia never existed. This happens in Part 2, Chapter 9, and brings the realisation to Winston that the entire history of the last five years will need to be rewritten.

But, as Julia notes in Part 1, Chapter 5, the enemy is not really significant: "It's always one bloody war after another, and one knows the news is all lies anyway." In other words, it's not the enemy who matters but rather the fact that Oceania is constantly at war. Whether the war is even happening is another non-issue: again, it is the fact that the party maintains a constant state of war that is truly significant. As Goldstein comments in his book in Part 2, Chapter 9, by keeping the people in this constant state, the party is able to perpetuate an unequal distribution of wealth. It is this unequal distribution which keeps the citizens of Oceania controlled and conquered. Sources: Marxism in 1984 Essay - 542 Words 1984 Essay ...Winston Smith is a low-positioning part of the decision Party in London, in the country of Oceania. All over the place Winston goes, even his home, the Party watches him through telescreens; all around he looks he sees the substance of the Party's apparently omniscient pioneer, a figure referred to just as Big Brother.

The Party controls everything in Oceania, even the individuals' history and dialect. Presently, the Party is driving the usage of a concocted dialect called Newspeak, which... 795 Words | 3 Pages 1984 Essay ...1984 Essays “In 1984, discuss the ending of the novel. Explain precisely how and why the ending appropriately or inappropriately concludes the work.” The ending of 1984 is not pleasant. The sense that love conquers all, or that good triumphs over evil is wanting in Orwell’s conclusion as he harshly tortures the main character, Winston, in to physical and physiological submission. Winston’s sense of self is brutally ripped from him... 2392 Words | 7 Pages Essay about Marxism 1984 by George Orwell ...Marxism In the Novel 1984 Throughout time, rulers and controlling governments have used the ideas of Marxism to take and maintain control over the working class. Even today ideas such as classism and commodification are used in countries such as North Korea and Syria to help governments rule over their citizens.

In George Orwell’s 1984 the ideas of Marxism are used to oppress proletariats. The Party tricks the citizens... 1405 Words | 4 Pages 1984 Essay ...the right to tell others how they should live and certainly no one has the right to regulate if you’re actually doing as they’ve told you. But this is exactly what was predicted to be in the future by George Orwell in the well-known classic novel 1984. His book described a sordid futuristic world in which every aspect of life is being monitored by the supremacy of The Party, regulating its citizens of everything from sexual partners to the things they are allowed to think. In... 1374 Words | 4 Pages 1984 Essay ...﻿1984: WAR IS PEACE; FREEDOM IS SLAVERY; IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH Introduction "Political language is designed to make lies sound truthful and murder respectable, and to give an appearance of solidity to pure wind.”, George Orwell. Orwell’s dystopian novel, Nineteen Eighty-Four, projects the distress of a tyranny.

Plato presented a developmentally regime in descending order of virtue where Democracy is in the fourth place and Tyranny is the last . Democracy can be defined as a... 876 Words | 3 Pages Essay about 1984 ...﻿ Sample Essay on 1984 George Orwell’s novel “1984” is truly a masterpiece that continues influencing many people around the world and has a deserved title of best-seller. The novel presents a nightmare vision of the repressive state control in Oceania. Although written in the middle of the last century, this story is nevertheless relevant today to the politics of state as it has never been before. This book teaches us not only the important lessons of the... 1784 Words | 5 Pages Essay on 1984 ...Prediction, Foreshadowing, and Conclusion In the novel 1984 by George Orwell, many hints of foreshadowing are given. One of which happens in the very beginning of the book when George Orwell states, “It was partly the unusual geography of the room that had suggested to him the thing that he was now about to do.

But it had been suggested by the book that he had just taken out of the drawer” (6). Earlier in the chapter, the book described with a red back. The color red symbolizes... 2108 Words | 6 Pages 1984 Essay ...common they serve as locating devices for each and every one of us. Privacy has vanished. In George Orwell’s novel, 1984, Big Brother was a character of fiction. Yet he was able to oversee everything and virtually controlled the daily lives of millions of people. Now, as we advance technologically, the thought of Big Brother watching over us isn’t so far-fetched. Technology in 1984 plays a major role, in a way that could be compared to today. Technology is used as... 514 Words | 1 Pages Continuous War in 1984 | <a href="">We've moved. Join us at YouthVoices.live</a> Continuous War in 1984 Booktalk In George Orwell's dystopian novel, 1984, the world was divided into three separate regions; Oceania, Eastasia, and Eurasia.

The main character, Winston, noticed that his native Oceania was constantly at war, whether it was with Eastasia or Eurasia. In fact, one of the three slogans for Oceania was "WAR IS PEACE." This contradictory statement is later explained in the novel as a demented way of saying that war spreads fear, resulting in total blind loyalty and obedience to the government. In contemporary times, one may notice that America, among other nations, has been involved in continuous war as well. Examples like the Cold War demonstrate how the threat of violence and devastation can keep one's nation on the edge of their seats. Bomb shelters were built and all cooperation was towards the government, especially in times like the Cuban Missile Crisis. War is a powerful thing because it makes people forget about all trivial disagreements and disputes and instead direct all loyalty towards the greater good. I'm a student at Judge Memorial Catholic High School, Salt Lake City, Utah. Hi, I'm Rachel Henkels. Currently, I am reading the Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald. The question I am exploring is, "...

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(varies by publisher) Summary In 1949, on the heels of another literary classic, Animal Farm , George Orwell wrote 1984, his now legendary and terrifying glimpse into the future. His vision of an omni-present and ultra-repressive State is rooted in the ominous world events of Orwell's own time and is given shape and substance by his astute play on our own fears. As the novel opens, we learn that in year 1984, the world has been divided into three states: Oceania, Eastasia and Eurasia, all of which, it is said, are almost continually in battle with one another. This world structure has come about following a nuclear war which took place sometime in the 1950's. In the state of Oceania, a revolution has resulted in the rise of an all-seeing figurehead known only as Big Brother, and a secretive group of individuals referred to as The Party. Under this regime, basic freedoms of expression—even thought—are strictly forbidden. History and memory are actively erased and rewritten so as to support the omnipotence and infallibility of The Party and its pronouncements.

To this end, the State even employs its own language, Newspeak, and its own thought process, Doublethink. It's against this background that we are introduced to Winston Smith, a low-level Party member (not to be confused with the elite group which surrounds Big Brother) who works in the Ministry of Truth. His job here, paradoxically, is to destroy and rewrite news articles and State facts and figures so as to align them with the most current views of The Party. A resident of Airstrip One—formerly London, England—Smith lives in a world devoid of even the simplest liberties. In this repressive society, where thoughts themselves can be ascertained and monitored, Winston finds himself alone and in quiet "revolution" against Big Brother. Boldly, he even goes as far as to write his own thoughts down on paper— a crime worthy of abduction by the Thought Police. Early in the novel, Winston meets Julia, another worker at the Ministry of Truth, whom he has been watching from afar. Secretly, the two begin a love affair. This liaison inspires Winston to indulge his ever-growing obsession with revolution, and he and Julia begin to discuss, however implausible, ideas for the overthrow of The Party.

Winston's eventual (and inevitable) capture at the hands of the Thought Police leads to his purification and re-education by inner Party members Orwell's strict attention to detail and realistic description of a world thirty-five years ahead of his own add validity to 1984, and make its larger conclusions all the more frightening. Even today, the novel remains a bleak and shadowy forewarning of what might someday occur. (From Penguin Classics—cover image, top-right.) The world of 1984 Map of the three states after the war (from These three new powers in the 1950s started an atomic war: the hydrogen bombs exploded everywhere in the world in an all-against-all war, in which, each new state tried to conquer the territories of the others. This war caused the nuclear holocaust and it destroyed all the cities of the world and negatively changed the different types of equilibrium in nature. It caused the extiction of many vegetable and animal kingdoms, and the death of millions of human beings. The three new states understood that, because of the wide territory and the military and thecnology power, in this war no one of the states could defeat the others alone.

Therefore since the 1970s they continuously had changed their alliances in which two states were against the other in a dynamic war. From this we arrive to 1984 when the novel is set. State: Oceania In 1984 Oceania is the strongest state among the three and it is allied with Eurasia against Eastasia, but , during the development of the story narrated in the novel, the alliance will change in Oceania and Estasia against Eurasia and in the end Oceania will conquer old Africa. The war is fought essentially in the contended territory but some missile attacks arrive in the cities ï¿½but it is hinted that the Oceanian government itself launches these weapons in order to convince the people [ï¿½] that they are under constant attackï¿½ (from ) , because this society is based on a terror regime, a dictatorship where war and fear are the most important foundations.

City: London The atmospheres of this world are realized wery well in the homonym film ï¿½1984ï¿½ where we can see the nulear winter: a grey sky that obscure both sun and stars, the dust is everywhere and it is impossible to remove and all the things and people have a grey colour because of the dust. In the city there is an alternation of destroyed districts and districts that have been rebuilt where the symbols of this new idology are everywhere. They are the maxims of Ingsoc, they are written on the walls of the ministries like slogans. Their contradictory meaning is their power and in this society based on war and total control, they are fundamental because ï¿½the world is in a state of constant war, no one is free, and everyone is ignorantï¿½. And ï¿½Through their constant repetition, the terms become meaningless, and the slogans become axiomatic. This type of misuse of language, and the deliberate self-deception with which the citizens are encouraged to accept it, is called doublethink.ï¿½ (from ).

Doublethink is a mental consequence of this dictatorship in which history is constantly changed, the truth doesnï¿½t exist, all is rewrritten order to deceive the citizens and to make them blindly believe that this ideology hhas always existed, this state ha always existed, the enemy has always been the same, all the technologies have been invented by the Party. In a few words: nothing has never changed, it has always been the same and it will be the same. This ï¿½official truthï¿½, together with the memory of the real past, has created the doublethink. ï¿½The Party is never wrongï¿½ (George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½) The Party is the supreme politcal power, it is the only politcal party and it has got a role and a power similar to the communist party in the USSR. The quotation is the consequence of the control of history and of the news: the supremacy and the omniscience of the Party are based on them. The directives of the Party are never wrong and are always in front of the citizensï¿½ eyes.

The reason is that if the policy of the Party could be considered wrong by someone, its power could be crashed. An example of the possible control of the news could be this: the Party proclaims that the army of Oceania will surely win a particular battle, but the army loses this battle, therefore an istitutional organ, Ministry of Truth, will change the proclaim in all the books, newspaper, films, etcï¿½, in a proclaim of defeat. The Party is divided in three social classes. They are: 1. The Inner Party that makes policy decisions and runs the government, which is referred to as simply The Party. 2. The Outer Party that works in the state jobs and is the working class of the society. Members are allowed no vices other than cigarettes and Victory Gin. The Outer Party is also under the most scrutiny, being constantly monitored by two-way telescreens and other implements of surveillance. 3. The Proles that are the lower class, the rabble the Inner Party keeps happy and sedate with beer, gambling, sports, casual sex and prolefeed ("rubbishy texts"). The proles are named for the proletariat, the term Marx used for the working class.ï¿½ (from ).

The Inner Party is the true Party and it has got the power to rule the country. Its members are over the law - they are the law - they know the real truth and they are out of the total control of the Party because they control the others. The supreme power of the Party is created by changing history and through the total control of the citizensï¿½ life by using the telescreens. All the actions of the Party and the life of the citizens are studied to give an exact consequence, because the loss of control is the phobia of the Partyï¿½s members. This control is also mental, it convinces the citizens to believe in it blindly without knowing the truth and so losing every sense of reality. ï¿½Two puls two [ï¿½], sometimes they are five. Sometimes they are threeï¿½ (George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½). The Party works also for eliminating the individuality, only the community exists and the community works for the Party, for improving its power. The Party tries to eliminate the personality, the creativity, anything that can give spleasure, anything that can create rebels.

It tries it with the elimination of Oldspeak and the introduction of Newspeak. Newspeak is the new language based on the impoverishment of the dictionary and the elimination of the old words. It causes the loss of the passions, feelings, concepts like liberty, love, freedom, democracy, etcï¿½. The Party doesnï¿½t want human beings, it wants machines, because the machines donï¿½t make any questions and donï¿½t try to have the answers. Like all the dictatorships, also the Party has a military police: the ThoughtPolice. It has the purpose to eliminate -ï¿½vahaporizeï¿½ (George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½)- both the odinary criminals and, for example, the people who think: ï¿½The Party is wrongï¿½. The ThoughtPolice is everywhere and supervises the citizens using the telescreens. Where they find a person that has a behaviour different from the behaviour dictated by the Party, or has thoughts different from the ï¿½ortodoxyï¿½ (George Orwell, 1984), they eliminate him and all the documents concerning him.

This person has never existed. One of the worst aspect is that the ThoughtPolice teach the children how to find this kind of criminals -ï¿½Toughtcriminalsï¿½ ( George Orwell, 1984)-, and most times the children denounce their parents as criminals. The criminals are imposed phisical tortures -like electroshock- and psychical tortures -ï¿½What is in the room 101?[ï¿½]Everyone knows what is in room 101[ï¿½]that is the wors thing in the world[ï¿½]itï¿½s various from individual to individualï¿½ (George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½). Before they are killed, they are persuaded and convinced to love the society and the Party and become good citizens. For improving its power, the Party has created an inner enemy, the Brotherhood, that makes terrorist attack against the citizens and its leader is an ex-member of the Party that was an enemy spy. The members of the Outer Party are the citizens of Oceania, the ordinary people.

They are under the control of the Party.ï¿½The life of an Outer Party member is dictated from his birth to his deathï¿½ ( The whole Outer Party works from the Inner Party in the differnts ministries of Oceania. For this its members know a part of the ï¿½real truthï¿½ and for this the big part of them become criminals and are then ï¿½vaphorizedï¿½ by the ThoughtPolice. These are the Ministries: The Ministry of Peace ï¿½ Newspeak: Minipax. Concerns itself with conducting and perpetuating Oceania's peace through wars. The Ministry of Plenty ï¿½ Newspeak: Miniplenty. Responsible for rationing and controlling food and goods. The Ministry of Truth ï¿½ Newspeak: Minitrue. The propaganda arm of Oceania's regime. Minitrue controls political literature, the Party organisation, and the telescreens. Winston Smith works for Minitrue, "rectifying" historical records and newspaper articles to make them conform to IngSoc's most recent pronouncements, thus making everything that the Party says true.

The Ministry of Love ï¿½ Newspeak: Miniluv. The agency responsible for the identification, monitoring, arrest, and torture of dissidents, real or imagined. Responsible for making every Party member love the Party.ï¿½ (from ). The Proles in 1984 are the members of modern marxist poletariat. However in a socialist society, where there should be no classes , there should be no proletariat as well, and then the Party changed the name in proles. The proles are about 90% of Oceaniaï¿½s population and they are used to work in the industries and in the farms. They are out of the law of the Party. ï¿½Proles and animals are freeï¿½ (George Orwell, 1984). They live in the destroyed districts, far from the rest of the society. The Party keeps them ignorant and poor by using alcohol, prostitution, false lotteries, etc. Among them there are some agents of the ThoughtPolice with the purpose to eliminate the few learned people that could become new rebels.

ï¿½BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOUï¿½ (George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½) Big Brother isnï¿½t a real person, he is an abstract shade created by the Party. He is the maximum expression of power and control of the Party. He exists not in human form, but in form of a strange material god: the telescreens are His eyes and His ears, the Party is His voice and His brain; the ThoughtPolice is His will and Oceania is His body. It is not the Party that is never wrong, but Big Brother is never wrong. All exist because the Big Brother has created all. It is not the ThoughtPolice that control the citizens but Big Brother controls the citizens and their sons. His face is eveywhere printed on the posters, in films, in photos. As we can see in the photo from the film ï¿½1984ï¿½, Big Brotherï¿½s face is the face of Joseph Stalin and Orwell severely criticized the soviet dictator by representing him like the maximum tyrant in a world where there is no privacy, freedom, individual will.

ï¿½Doesnï¿½t Big Brother exist ?ï¿½. ï¿½Of courseï¿½( George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½) answers the Party, because He is the Party. ï¿½Will Big Brother ever die ?ï¿½ ï¿½Of course notï¿½( George Orwell, ï¿½Nineteen eighty-fourï¿½). He will live forever, the Party will exist forever. The Big Brother carries us to the issue of the control. It happens by using the telescreens. They are a sort of TV built in the walls: they trasmit films, news, shows according to the directions of the Party, and at the same time they shoot the citizens that are in their range. The blind angles without control are few because the telescreens are everywhere and where they arenï¿½t any, there are the microphones. The people have inexpressive faces because any expression can be cosidered an act of rebellion. The only free place is the mind, but the Party is working to eliminate also this freedom. I said that the control is also mental and it is.

The Party uses the Newspeak and social events like ï¿½Two Minutes of Hateï¿½ and the ï¿½Anti-sex Junior Leagueï¿½ for controlling the mind of the people and for eliminating their feelings. Is this dark world possible ? It may be, but not in this form. It is impossible to realize this kind of control of all the aspects of society and culture, but it should be a tragic objectice, like it was in the past, in all the tirranies. The thirst of power that some human beings have got is as infinite as the two things mentioned by Albert Einstein in one of his famous sentences:ï¿½Only two things are infinite, the universe and human stupidity, and I'm not sure about the former.ï¿½ By Simone

Question: In which novel is the world divided into Oceania, Eurasia and Eastasia?
Answer: 1984