monsoon - National Geographic Society monsoon The rice paddies of Southeast Asia depend on the seasonal monsoon. Photograph by James P. Blair Monsoon Zone The Monsoon Zone is a belt of low-pressure air currents that circle the Earth at the Equator. The Monsoon Zone is also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The Monsoon Zone is usually warm and experiences mild winds. At sea, the Monsoon Zone is known as the Doldrums due to its lack of winds. Monsoon Cup The Monsoon Cup is an international yachting race held every year in the state of Terengganu, Malaysia. The race is held during monsoon season, making it a challenging race for sailors. A monsoon is a seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing, or strongest, winds of a region. Monsoons cause wet and dry seasons throughout much of the tropics . Monsoons are most often associated with the Indian Ocean. Monsoons always blow from cold to warm regions. The summer monsoon and the winter monsoon determine the climate for most of India and Southeast Asia. Summer Monsoon The summer monsoon is associated with heavy rainfall . It usually happens between April and September.

As winter ends, warm, moist air from the southwest Indian Ocean blows toward countries like India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and Myanmar. The summer monsoon brings a humid climate and torrential rainfall to these areas. India and Southeast Asia depend on the summer monsoon. Agriculture , for example, relies on the yearly rain. Many areas in these countries do not have large irrigation systems surrounding lakes, rivers, or snowmelt areas. Aquifer s, or supplies of underground water, are shallow. The summer monsoon fills well s and aquifers for the rest of the year. Rice and tea are some crop s that rely on the summer monsoon. Dairy farms, which help make India the largest milk producer in the world, also depend on the monsoon rains to keep cows healthy and well-fed. Industry in India and Southeast Asia also relies on the summer monsoon. A great deal of electricity in the region is produced by hydroelectric power plants, which are driven by water collected during the monsoons. Electricity powers hospitals, schools, and businesses that help the economies of these areas develop. When the summer monsoon is late or weak, the regions economy suffers.

Fewer people can grow their own food, and large agribusinesses do not have produce to sell. Governments must import food. Electricity becomes more expensive, sometimes limiting development to large businesses and wealthy individuals. The summer monsoon has been called Indias true finance minister . Heavy summer monsoons can cause great damage. Residents of such urban area s as Mumbai, India, are used to the streets flooding with almost half a meter (1.5 feet) of water every summer. However, when the summer monsoon is stronger than expected, floods can devastate the region. In cities like Mumbai, entire neighborhood s can be drown ed. In rural areas, mudslide s can bury villages and destroy crops. In 2005, a strong monsoon devastated western India. As the summer monsoon blew in from the southwest, it first hit the state of Gujarat. More than 100 people died. Then, the monsoon rains hit the state of Maharashtra. Flooding in Maharashtra killed more than 1,000 people. On July 26, 2005, the city of Mumbai, Maharashtra, received almost a meter (39.1 inches) of rain.

Winter Monsoon The Indian Oceans winter monsoon, which lasts from October to April, is less well-known than its rainy summer equivalent. The dry winter monsoon blows from the northeast. These winds start in the air above Mongolia and northwestern China. Winter monsoons are less powerful than summer monsoons in Southeast Asia, in part because the Himalaya Mountains prevent much of the wind and moisture of the monsoons from reaching the coast. The Himalayas also prevent much of the cool air from reaching places like southern India and Sri Lanka, keeping them warm all year. Winter monsoons are sometimes associated with drought s. Not all winter monsoons are dry, however. Unlike the western part of Southeast Asia, the eastern, Pacific coast of Southeast Asia experiences its rainy season in the winter. The winter monsoon brings moist air from the South China Sea to areas like Indonesia and Malaysia. Other Monsoons The Asian-Australian monsoon , which includes the Indian Ocean, stretches from northern Australia to Russias Pacific coast. This huge monsoon wind system then stretches into the Indian Ocean. Finally, it reaches its end on the Indian coast of Africa. Monsoon winds exist in other parts of the world, too.

The North American monsoon happens once a year, usually in the middle of summer. Warm, moist air from the Gulf of California blows northeast, while warm, moist air from the Gulf of Mexico blows northwest. These two winds meet over the Sierra Madre Occidental mountains in central Mexico. The monsoon brings moisture to the mountain ecosystem before continuing north to the U.S. states of Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. The North American monsoon can be a natural aid to firefighter s. Summer temperatures in Arizona regularly reach more than 100 degrees Fahrenheit, making wildfire s difficult to contain. The North American monsoon is also the primary water source for most desert ecosystems in the region. However, it can also confuse and interrupt daily life for people and businesses not used to dealing with heavy rain. Term the strategy of applying profit-making practices to the operation of farms and ranches. agriculture Noun Asian-Australian monsoon Noun weather system stretching from Australia to Africa, bringing rainy seasons and dry seasons to most of Southeast Asia. climate to keep under control, hold, or prevent escape. cow large, domesticated mammal used for milk and meat. crop having to do with the production of milk, cream, butter, or cheese.

damage harm that reduces usefulness or value. desert Noun areas of calm winds north of the Equator in the Pacific, Atlantic, and Indian Oceans. drought to die or suffocate in a liquid. dry arid or lacking in moisture. economy system of production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. ecosystem set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and flow of electric charge. Equator person responsible for a nation's economy. firefighter person who works to control and put out fires. flood air containing a large amount of water vapor. hydroelectric power usable energy generated by moving water converted to electricity. import to bring in a good or service from another area for trade. industry activity that produces goods and services. Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) Noun belt of low-pressure air currents that circle the Earth at the Equator. Also known as the Monsoon Zone. irrigation monsoon Noun seasonal change in the direction of the prevailing winds of a region. Monsoon usually refers to the winds of the Indian Ocean and South Asia, which often bring heavy rains. yachting competition held in Malaysia during the winter.

Monsoon Zone Noun belt of low-pressure air currents that circle the Earth at the Equator. Also known as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ). mountain landmass that forms as tectonic plates interact with each other. mudslide rapid, downhill flow of soil and water. Also called a mudflow. neighborhood Noun summer weather system bringing the rainy season to central Mexico and the Southwest United States. prevailing wind wind that blows from one direction. primary amount of precipitation that falls in a specific area during a specific time. rainy season time of year when most of the rain in a region falls. rice grass cultivated for its seeds. season summer monsoon Noun change in the direction of a prevailing wind, resulting in a region's rainy season or dry season. tea plant native to Asia cultivated for its leaves. torrential tropics Plural Noun region generally located between the Tropic of Cancer (23 1/2 degrees north of the Equator) and the Tropic of Capricorn (23 1/2 degrees south of the Equator). a hole drilled in the Earth to obtain a liquid or gaseous substance.

wildfire uncontrolled fire that happens in a rural or sparsely populated area. wind Noun movement of air (from a high pressure zone to a low pressure zone) caused by the uneven heating of the Earth by the sun. winter monsoon Noun change in the direction of a prevailing wind, resulting in a region's rainy season or dry season. yachting WINDS WINDS FIND OUT MORE Winds are moving currents of air, which can blow over a small local area or over a much larger region. Global winds help to moderate temperatures worldwide by carrying warm air away from the tropics and cold air from the poles. Winds bring changing weather conditions, such as clear, sunny skies or torrential MONSOON rain. Strong winds can bring storms and hurricanes. WHY DO WINDS BLOW? Winds are caused when the Sun heats air masses in different parts of the world unevenly. Air warmed by the Sun becomes less dense, or lighter, and rises. This creates an area of low pressure where there is less air pressing down on Earth. Because air always flows from a region of high pressure to one of low pressure, cooler air flows in to fill the space left by the rising air. This is a wind.

WHAT FORCES AFFECT THE WORLD’S WINDS? Regular wind patterns across Earth’s surface are affected by the planet’s spin. This is called the Coriolis effect. In the northern hemisphere, the Coriolis effect causes winds to swirl clockwise. In the southern hemisphere, it causes winds to spin counterclockwise. The speed and direction of the wind are also affected by air currents blowing over natural features, such as mountains. GLOBAL WINDS Three main belts, or bands, of prevailing winds blow on either side of the equator. In the Tropics, trade winds blow from the northeast or southeast toward the equator. In temperate zones, the prevailing winds are westerlies (blowing from the west). Cold easterly winds (from the east) blow in the polar regions. MONSOONS Monsoon winds are massive winds that bring heavy, seasonal rain to subtropical regions, such as southeast Asia and India, in summer. In winter, they bring dry, cooler weather. Monsoon winds are the strongest in Asia, but they also blow in West Africa, northern Australia, and parts of North and South America. WHY DO MONSOONS CHANGE DIRECTION?

Monsoon winds change course because of seasonal temperature differences between the land and the sea. Water absorbs heat more slowly than dry land but holds the heat for longer. This makes the sea cooler than the land during the summer, and warmer during the winter. The difference in temperature causes monsoon winds to blow onshore (from sea to land) in summer, and offshore (from land to sea) in winter. FIND OUT MORE Wind Names Evert Wesker, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ) Brisa, Briza 1. A northeast wind which blows on the coast of South America or an east wind which blows on Puerto Rico during the trade wind season. 2. The northeast monsoon in the Philippines. Brisote The northeast trade wind when it is blowing stronger than usual on Cuba. Brubu A name for a squall in the East Indies. Bull's Eye Squall A squall forming in fair weather, characteristic of the ocean off the coast of South Africa. It is named for the peculiar appearance of the small isolated cloud marking the top of the invisible vortex of the storm. Cape Doctor The strong southeast wind which blows on the South African coast. Also called the DOCTOR. Caver, Kaver A gentle breeze in the Hebrides.

Chinook A type of foehn wind. Refers to the warm downslope wind in the Rocky Mountains that may occur after an intense cold spell when the temperature could rise by 20 to 40 degrees Fahrenheit in a matter of minutes. Also known as the Snow Eater. (Weather Channel Glossary) Chubasco A violent squall with thunder and lightning, encountered during the rainy season along the west coast of Central America. Churada A severe rain squall in the Mariana Islands during the northeast monsoon. They occur from November to April or May, especially from January through March. Cierzo See MISTRAL. Contrastes Winds a short distance apart blowing from opposite quadrants, frequent in the spring and fall in the western Mediterranean. Cordonazo The "Lash of St. Francis." Name applied locally to southerly hurricane winds along the west coast of Mexico. It is associated with tropical cyclones in the southeastern North Pacific Ocean. These storms may occur from May to November, but ordinarily affect the coastal areas most severely near or after the Feast of St. Francis, October 4.

Coromell A night land breeze prevailing from November to May at La Paz, near the southern extremity of the Gulf of California. Cyclone A severe tropical storm (i.e., winds >64 knots) in the Indian Ocean and Bay of Bengal. See also Hurricane and Typhoon. The term is also applied to closed circulations in the mid latitudes and also popularly to small scale circulations such as tornadoes. Diablo Northern California version of Santa Ana winds. These winds occur below canyons in the East Bay hills (Diablo range) and in extreme cases can exceed 60 mph. They develop due to high pressure over Nevada and lower pressure along the central California coast. (NWS San Francisco Glossary) Doctor 1. A cooling sea breeze in the Tropics. 2. See HARMATTAN. 3. The strong SE wind which blows on the south African coast. Usually called CAPE DOCTOR. Elephanta A strong southerly or southeasterly wind which blows on the Malabar coast of India during the months of September and October and marks the end of the southwest monsoon. Etesian A refreshing northerly summer wind of the Mediterranean, especially over the Aegean Sea.

Euros The Greek name for the rainy, stormy southeast wind. (Glossary of Meteorology) Foehn A warm dry wind on the lee side of a mountain range, whose temperature is increased as the wind descends down the slope. It is created when air flows downhill from a high elevation, raising the temperature by adiabatic compression. Examples include the Chinook wind and the Santa Ana wind. Classified as a katabatic wind. (Weather Channel Glossary) Fremantle Doctor A cooling seabreeze in Western Australia,often made note of during hot summer-time cricket matches. (Ian Staples, Australia) Gregale A strong northeast wind of the central Mediterranean. Haboob A strong wind and sandstorm (or duststorm) in the northern and central Sudan, especially around Khartum, where the average number is about 24 per year. The name come from the Arabic word, "habb", meaning wind. (Bill Mork, California State Climatologist) Harmattan The dry, dusty trade wind blowing off the Sahara Desert across the Gulf of Guinea and the Cape Verde Islands. Sometimes called the DOCTOR, because of its supposed healthful properties.

Hurricane A severe tropical storm (i.e., winds >64 knots) in the Atlantic, Caribbean, Gulf of Mexico and Eastern Pacific. The word is believed to originate from the Caribbean Indian storm god "Huracan". See also Typhoon and Cyclone. Knik Wind A strong southeast wind in the vicinity of Palmer, Alaska, most frequent in the winter. Kona Storm A storm over the Hawaiian Islands, characterized by strong southerly or southwesterly winds and heavy rains. Leste A hot, dry, easterly wind of the Madeira and Canary Islands. Levanter A strong easterly wind of the Mediterranean, especially in the Strait of Gibraltar, attended by cloudy, foggy, and sometimes rainy weather especially in winter. Levantera A persistent east wind of the Adriatic, usually accompanied by cloudy weather. Levanto A hot southeasterly wind which blows over the Canary Islands. Leveche A warm wind in Spain, either a foehn or a hot southerly wind in advance of a low pressure area moving from the Sahara Desert. Called a SIROCCO in other parts of the Mediterranean area.

Maestro A northwesterly wind with fine weather which blows, especially in summer, in the Adriatic. It is most frequent on the western shore. This wind is also found on the coasts of Corsica and Sardinia. Maria A fictional wind popularized in "Paint Your Wagon" (Lerner and Lowe, 1951) and by the Kingston Trio (1959), whose name may have originated with the 1941 book "Storm" by George R. Stewart. (Jan Null, Golden Gate Weather Services) Matanuska Wind A strong, gusty, northeast wind which occasionally occurs during the winter in the vicinity of Palmer, Alaska. Mistral A cold, dry wind blowing from the north over the northwest coast of the Mediterranean Sea, particularly over the Gulf of Lions. Also called CIERZO. See also FALL WIND. Nashi, N'aschi A northeast wind which occurs in winter on the Iranian coast of the Persian Gulf, especially near the entrance to the gulf, and also on the Makran coast. It is probably associated with an outflow from the central Asiatic anticyclone which extends over the high land of Iran.

It is similar in character but less severe than the BORA. Norte A strong cold northeasterly wind which blows in Mexico and on the shores of the Gulf of Mexico. It results from an outbreak of cold air from the north. It is the Mexican extension of a norther. Nor'easter A northeast wind, particularly a strong wind or gale; an unusually strong storm preceded by northeast winds off the coast of New England. Also called Northeaster. (Glossary of Weather and Climate) Nor'wester This is a very warm wind which can blow for days on end in the province of Canterbury New Zealand. The effect is especially felt in the city of Christchurch. The wind comes in from the Tasman Sea, drys as it rises over the Southern Alps, heats as it decends, crosses the Canterbury Plains, then blows through Christchurch.. (Kerry Fitzpatrick) Norther A cold strong northerly wind in the Southern Plains of the United States, especially in Texas, which results in a drastic drop in air temperatures. Also called a Blue Norther. (Glossary of Weather and Climate) Ostria A warm southerly wind on the Bulgarian coast; considered a precursor of bad weather.

(Glossary of Meteorology) Pali A local name for strong winds which blow through the Pali Pass above Honolulu, HI. (Michael Polansky, San Francisco) Pampero A west or southwest wind in Southern Argentina. This wind (often violently) picks up during the passage of a cold front of an active low passing by. ( Evert Wesker, Amsterdam, The Netherlands ) Papagayo A violent northeasterly fall wind on the Pacific coast of Nicaragua and Guatemala. It consists of the cold air mass of a norte which has overridden the mountains of Central America. See also TEHUANTEPECER. Santa Ana A strong, hot, dry wind blowing out into San Pedro Channel from the southern California desert through Santa Ana Pass. Shamal A summer northwesterly wind blowing over Iraq and the Persian Gulf, often strong during the day, but decreasing at night. Sharki A southeasterly wind which sometimes blows in the Persian Gulf. Sirocco A warm wind of the Mediterranean area, either a foehn or a hot southerly wind in advance of a low pressure area moving from the Sahara or Arabian deserts. Called LEVECHE in Spain.

Squamish A strong and often violent wind occurring in many of the fjords of British Columbia. Squamishes occur in those fjords oriented in a northeast-southwest or east-west direction where cold polar air can be funneled westward. They are notable in Jervis, Toba, and Bute inlets and in Dean Channel and Portland Canal. Squamishes lose their strength when free of the confining fjords and are not noticeable 15 to 20 miles offshore. Suestado A storm with southeast gales, caused by intense cyclonic activity off the coasts of Argentina and Uruguay, which affects the southern part of the coast of Brazil in the winter. Sumatra A squall with violent thunder, lightning, and rain, which blows at night in the Malacca Straits, especially during the southwest monsoon. It is intensified by strong mountain breezes. Sundowner Warm downslope winds that periodically occur along a short segment of the Southern California coast in the vicinity of Santa Barbara. The name refers to their typical onset (on the populated coastal plain) in the late afternoon or early evening, though they can occur at any time of the day.

In extreme cases, wind speeds can be of gale force or higher, and temperatures over the coastal plain and even at the coast itself can rise significantly above 37.8 degrees C (100 degrees F). (Warren Blier, SOO, NWS San Francisco) Taku Wind A strong, gusty, east-northeast wind, occurring in the vicinity of Juneau, Alaska, between October and March. At the mouth of the Taku River, after which it is named, it sometimes attains hurricane force. Tehuantepecer A violent squally wind from north or north-northeast in the Gulf of Tehuantepec (south of southern Mexico) in winter. It originates in the Gulf of Mexico as a norther which crosses the isthmus and blows through the gap between the Mexican and Guatamalan mountains. It may be felt up to 100 miles out to sea. See also PAPAGAYO. Tramontana A northeasterly or northerly winter wind off the west coast of Italy. It is a fresh wind of the fine weather mistral type.

Typhoon A severe tropical storm (i.e., winds >64 knots) in the Western Pacific. The word is believed to originate from the Chinese word "ty-fung". See also Hurricane and Cyclone. Vardar A cold fall wind blowing from the northwest down the Vardar valley in Greece to the Gulf of Salonica. It occurs when atmospheric pressure over eastern Europe is higher than over the Aegean Sea, as is often the case in winter. Also called VARDARAC. Warm Braw A foehn wind in the Schouten Islands north of New Guinea. White Squall A sudden, strong gust of wind coming up without warning, noted by whitecaps or white, broken water; usually seen in whirlwind form in clear weather in the tropics. Williwaw A sudden blast of wind descending from a mountainous coast to the sea, in the Strait of Magellan or the Aleutian Islands. Willy-willy A tropical cyclone (with winds 33 knots or greater) in Australia, especially in the southwest. (Glossary of Weather and Climate) More recent common usage is for dust-devils. Zephyros The ancient Greek name for the west wind, which generally light and beneficial.

It has evolved into "zephyr" which denotes a soft gentle breeze. (Glossary of Meteorology) ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Glossary of Meteorology (Ralph Huschke, ed., American Meteorological Society, 1959) Glossary of Weather and Climate (Ira Geer, ed., American Meteorological Society, 1996) The most famous winds of the world The most famous winds of the world Some winds have standard behaviors. Planet Earth is inhabited by several regional winds which appear and blow with pattern rules. Air temperature, land temperature, water temperature, mountains and geographical locations play critical roles in the behavior of the famous winds of the world. Windsurfers, kitesurfers and also wave-powered water sports rely on special winds to get quality surf sessions. Consistency and power are important issues when it comes to wind and board sports. After learning what is wind and how wind is formed, it's important to know what are the best winds in your region for windsurfing, kitesurfing and even riding waves. With good anemometers , you can easily check the wind speed and air pressure.

Cloud types also tell us much about weather patterns, while the Beaufort Wind Force Scale relates wind speed to observed conditions at sea or on land. Famous winds have their working schedule, too. Some winds blow strong in the morning and fade out during the afternoon. Other winds have special requirements and will only appear in drastic temperature changes. So, what are the most famous winds of the world? Abrolhos: a violent squall blowing off the Southeastern coast of Brazil, between May and August. Alizé: also known as trade wind; blows in the tropics predominantly from the Northeast in the Northern Hemisphere and from the Southeast in the Southern Hemisphere. Bora: a gusty wind which blows in the Adriatic Sea, and affects Croatia, Greece, Russia and Turkey during wintertime. Brickfielder: a hot and dry wind that blows in the desert of Southern Australia, during the summer season. Calima: a dust wind originating in the Sahara, which blows through the Canary Islands, in winter. Cers: a quite violent dry and clear Northwest or North wind affecting the Southwest of France, near the Gulf of Lion.

Chinook: a Katabatic, dry and effective wind that melts snow in the Pacific Northwest of USA and Canada. Diablo: hot, dry and offshore wind blowing in the San Francisco Bay Area, during spring and fall. Etesian: strong, dry, north winds of the Aegean Sea which blow from about mid-May to mid-September, hitting Greece and Turkey. Föhn: a Katabatic, dry mountain wind that can raise the air temperature very quickly over the Alps into Central Europe. Halny: a type of Föhn wind that blows in Southern Poland and Slovakia; can destroy roofs and cause avalanches. Hamsin: a dry, hot and dusty local wind blowing in North Africa and the Arabian Peninsula, between March and May. Harmattan: a dry and dusty West African trade wind blowing south from the Sahara into the Gulf of Guinea, between November and March; it causes a haze in the sky. Helm: a strong north-easterly wind which blows in Cumbria, England. Levante: a warm, east to northeast wind that runs in the Alboran Channel and is funneled through the Strait of Gibraltar; strong Levante winds produce heavy swell.

Mistral: a strong, cold and usually dry regional wind that affects the Southeastern region of France and the entire Mediterranean Sea. Monsoon: a seasonal reversing wind that bring precipitation to South Asia. Pampero: a strong squall that occurs over the Pampas of Argentina and Uruguay, between October and January; brings a considerable drop in temperature, severe rain, thunderstorms and is followed by a cold, dry, gusty wind. Santa Ana: a hot, dry easterly or northeasterly wind and blows from the pass and river valley of Santa Ana, in Southern California; very common in Los Angeles and also known as Sundowner. Simoom: a suffocating, strong, dry, dust-laden local wind that blows in the Sahara, Palestine, Israel, Jordan, Syria and the deserts of Arabian Peninsula. Sirocco: a Mediterranean wind that comes from the Sahara and reaches hurricane speeds in North Africa and Southern Europe. Tramontana: a cold wind from the north or northeast tinged with frigid air from the Alps and northern Apennines, particularly to the west coast of Italy and Northern Corsica.

Vendaval: a strong, wet and moist south-west wind associated with cyclonic activity across the Iberian Peninsula; blows during the wet winter season, from November to April and comes with violent squalls and thunder. Zonda: a hot wind of the eastern slopes of the Andes, in central Argentina; starts during the afternoon, between May and November.

monsoon nedir, ne demek, monsoon anlamı - Sesli Sözlük {n} a periodical wind A periodic wind caused by the effects of differential heating, with the largest and most notorious being the Indian monsoon found in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia The word is thought to have originated from the Arabic word mausim meaning season See Webster et al (1998) [http: //paos colorado edu/~webster/mw/jgrpaper/jgrmonsoon1 html] A seasonal wind affecting a large area, formed when there are significant temperature differences between land masses and the sea {i} strong wind system from the Indian Ocean blowing northeast in the summer and southwest in the winter; annual season marked by strong winds and heavy rains Summer storm season in this region The storms usually come late in the day and last only an hour or two Lightening during these storms can be beautiful to observe from a safe vantage point Persistent seasonal winds which, during summer, bring copious amounts of moisture from the ocean and dump it on land Persistent, widespread, seasonal winds that seasonally reverse directions Usually summer winds from the ocean bring rain, while winter winds from the land are dry a periodic wind caused by the effects of differential heating, with

 the largest being the Indian monsoon found in the Indian Ocean and southern Asia rainy season in southern Asia when the southwestern monsoon blows, bringing heavy rains a seasonal wind in southern Asia; blows from the southwest (bringing rain) in summer and from the northeast in winter any wind that changes direction with the seasons rainy season in southern Asia when the southwestern monsoon blows, bringing heavy rains A wind blowing part of the year from one direction, alternating with a wind from the opposite direction; a term applied particularly to periodical winds of the Indian Ocean, which blow from the southwest from the latter part of May to the middle of September, and from the northeast from about the middle of October to the middle of December any wind that changes direction with the seasons A seasonal reversal of wind patterns caused by the different heating and cooling rates of the oceans and continents a seasonal wind in southern Asia; blows from the southwest (bringing rain) in summer and from the northeast in winter The seasonal weather pattern of South Asia The wet season is from June to October while the dry monsoon is between February and May In the typical area of the Indian subcontinent and southeast India it is the seasonal inflowing moist winds that bring rain A wind system that reverses its direction seasonally In the North American Monsoon system

, summer winds from the south bring moisture and rainfall to the Southwest United States A large-scale wind system which predominates or strongly influences the climate of large regions, and in which the direction of the wind flow reverses from winter to summer A regional scale wind system that predictably change direction with the passing of the seasons Monsoon winds blow from land to sea in the winter, and from sea to land in the summer Summer monsoons are often accompanied with precipitation A seasonal wind of persistent direction, characterized by a pronounced change in direction between seasons The monsoon is the season in Southern Asia when there is a lot of very heavy rain.

the end of the monsoon The seasonal shift of winds created by the great annual temperature variation that occurs over large land areas in contrast with associated ocean surfaces The monsoon is associated primarily with the moisture and copious rains that arrive with the southwest flow across southern India The name is derived from the word mausim, Arabic for season This pattern is most evident on the southern and eastern sides of Asia, although it does occur elsewhere, such as in the southwestern United States A seasonal wind in southeast Asia which in summer is southwesterly and brings in heavy rain;in winter it is cold, dry wind from the northeast Monsoon rains are sometimes referred to as the monsoons. In Bangladesh, the monsoons have started. Major wind system that seasonally reverses its direction (e.g., one that blows for six months from the northeast and six months from the southwest). The most prominent examples occur in Africa and southern Asia. The primary cause of monsoons is the difference between annual temperature trends over land and sea. Seasonal changes in temperature are large over land but small over oceans. A monsoon blows from cold toward warm regions: from sea toward land in summer and from land toward sea in winter.

Most summer monsoons produce copious amounts of rain; winter monsoons tend to cause drought A weather season characterized by very heavy rainfall that affects the regions that border the Indian Ocean, especially in the Arabian Sea The very heavy rainfall appears to result from a reversal of seasonal wind direction that blows from the southwest during one half of the year and from the northeast during the other A seasonal shift in the winds For Arizona, the monsoon results in westerly winds shifting to the south or southeast; this shift brings considerable moisture into the state from the Gulf of California and the Gulf of Mexico a seasonal wind that often brings rain a thermally driven wind arising from differential heating between a land mass and the adjacent ocean that reverses its direction seasonally pronounced seasonal variation of airflow in the lower troposphere in tropical and subtropical regions-for example the Indian monsoon Sometimes used for similar but weaker behavior in higher latitudes refers to a particular seasonal weather pattern in subtropical regions, especially when characterized by periods of heavy winds and rainfall Monsoons are caused by a pronounced seasonal change in wind direction Winds usually blow from land to sea in winter, while in the summer this reverses, bringing precipitation Monsoons are most typical in India and southern Asia A wind from the southwest or south that

 brings heavy rainfall to southern Asia in the summer season of wind originating from the Indian Ocean and southern Asia, these winds are usually accompanied by heavy rains a wind that blows northward from the Indian Ocean toward the Asian continent, carrying moisture-laden air with it İlgili Terimler What are the seasonal winds that play a large role in South Asia called?

| eNotes What are the seasonal winds that play a large role in South Asia called? pohnpei397 | College Teacher | (Level 3) Distinguished Educator Posted on May 17, 2010 at 8:43 AM I believe that the word you are looking for to complete this question is "monsoon." The monsoon is a season of winds and heavy rains that affects much of South Asia on an annual basis. The term monsoon is most usually connected with South Asia, and particularly with what used to be British India (which also includes what is now Pakistan and Bangladesh). This is how the word got into the English language. However, there are also monsoons in some other parts of the world. In South Asia, the Monsoon is a summer phenomenon that occurs from June to September. like 1 dislike 0 krishna-agrawala | College Teacher | (Level 3) Valedictorian Posted on July 2, 2010 at 4:06 PM Yes the right answer is "monsoon". I am giving below some additional information on monsoon. The name monsoon is derived from a local name for these winds, which means seasonal winds.

The monsoon blows over the northern part of the Indian Ocean, especially the Arabian Sea, and over most of the surrounding land areas. The monsoon blows from the southwest from April to October, and from the northeast from November to March. The southwesterly monsoon brings heavy rains to southern and southeastern Asia, including Bangladesh, Burma, India, and Thailand. Popularly the word monsoon is used only for these winds tha bring tain with them. like 0 dislike 0 Monsoonal | Define Monsoonal at Dictionary.com C16: from obsolete Dutch monssoen, from Portuguese monção, from Arabic mawsim season Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for monsoonal Expand monsoon n.

1580s, "trade wind of the Indian Ocean," from Dutch monssoen, from Portuguese monçao, from Arabic mawsim "time of year, appropriate season" (for a voyage, pilgrimage, etc.), from wasama "he marked." When it blows from the southwest (April through October) it brings heavy rain, hence "heavy episode of rainfall during the rainy season" (1747). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper (mŏn-s n') A system of winds that influences the climate of a large area and that reverses direction with the seasons. Monsoons are caused primarily by the much greater annual variation in temperature over large areas of land than over large areas of adjacent ocean water. This variation causes an excess of atmospheric pressure over the continents in the winter, and a deficit in the summer. The disparity causes strong winds to blow between the ocean and the land, bringing heavy seasonal rainfall. In southern Asia, a wind that is part of such a system and that blows from the southwest in the summer and usually brings heavy rains. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved.

Indian monsoon | meteorology | Britannica.com Indian monsoon Earth sciences Indian monsoon, the most prominent of the world’s monsoon systems, which primarily affects India and its surrounding water bodies. It blows from the northeast during cooler months and reverses direction to blow from the southwest during the warmest months of the year. This process brings large amounts of rainfall to the region during June and July. Monsoon clouds over Lucknow, India. Sunnyoraish Average date of onset of the summer monsoon across different regions of Asia. At the Equator the area near India is unique in that dominant or frequent westerly winds occur at the surface almost constantly throughout the year; the surface easterlies reach only to latitudes near 20° N in February, and even then they have a very strong northerly component. They soon retreat northward, and drastic changes take place in the upper-air circulation (see climate: Jet streams ). This is a time of transition between the end of one monsoon and the beginning of the next. Late in March the high-sun season reaches the Equator and moves farther north. With it go atmospheric instability, convectional (that is, rising and turbulent) clouds , and rain.

The westerly subtropical jet stream still controls the flow of air across northern India, and the surface winds are northeasterlies. Monsoon onset and early developments As the high-sun season (that is, the Northern Hemisphere summer) moves northward during April, India becomes particularly prone to rapid heating because the highlands to the north protect it from any incursions of cold air. There are three distinct areas of relative upper tropospheric warmth—namely, (1) above the southern Bay of Bengal , (2) above the Plateau of Tibet , and (3) across the trunks of the various peninsulas that are relatively dry during this time. These three areas combine to form a vast heat-source region. The relatively warm area above the southern Bay of Bengal occurs mostly at the 500–100- millibar level.

(This atmospheric pressure region typically occurs at elevations between 5,500 and 16,100 metres [18,000 and 53,000 feet] but may vary according to changes in heating and cooling.) It does not appear at a lower level and is probably caused by the release of condensation heat (associated with the change from water vapour to liquid water) at the top of towering cumulonimbus clouds along the advancing intertropical convergence . In contrast, a heat sink appears over the southern Indian Ocean as the relatively cloud-free air cools by emitting long-wavelength radiation. Monsoon winds at the surface blow from heat sink to heat source. As a result, by May the southwest monsoon is well-established over Sri Lanka , an island off the southeastern tip of the Indian peninsula. Map of climatic heat sources and heat sinks for Asian summer and winter monsoons. Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. North American monsoon Also in May, the dry surface of Tibet (above 4,000 metres [13,100 feet]) absorbs and radiates heat that is readily transmitted to the air immediately above.

At about 6,000 metres (19,700 feet) an anticyclonic cell arises, causing a strong easterly flow in the upper troposphere above northern India. The subtropical jet stream suddenly changes its course to the north of the anticyclonic ridge and the highlands, though it may occasionally reappear southward of them for very brief periods. This change of the upper tropospheric circulation above northern India from westerly jet to easterly flow coincides with a reversal of the vertical temperature and pressure gradients between 600 and 300 millibars. On many occasions the easterly wind aloft assumes jet force. It anticipates by a few days the “burst,” or onset, of the surface southwesterly monsoon some 1,500 km (900 miles) farther south, with a definite sequential relationship, although the exact cause is not known. Because of India’s inverted triangular shape, the land is heated progressively as the sun moves northward.

This accelerated spread of heating, combined with the general direction of heat being transported by winds, results in a greater initial monsoonal activity over the Arabian Sea (at late springtime), where a real frontal situation often occurs, than over the Bay of Bengal. The relative humidity of coastal districts in the Indian region rises above 70 percent, and some rain occurs. Above the heated land, the air below 1,500 metres (5,000 feet) becomes unstable, but it is held down by the overriding easterly flow. This does not prevent frequent thunderstorms from occurring in late May. Peak period EU Considers Rules For Robots During June the easterly jet becomes firmly established at 150 to 100 millibars, an atmospheric pressure region typically occurring at elevations between 13,700 and 16,100 metres (45,000 and 53,000 feet). It reaches its greatest speed at its normal position to the south of the anticyclonic ridge, at about 15° N from China through India.

In Arabia it decelerates and descends to the middle troposphere (3,000 metres [9,800 feet]). A stratospheric belt of very cold air, analogous to the one normally found above the intertropical convergence near the Equator, occurs above the anticyclonic ridge, across southern Asia at 30°–40° N and above the 500-millibar level (6,000 metres [19,700 feet]). These upper-air features that arise so far away from the Equator are associated with the surface monsoon and are absent when there is no monsoonal flow. The position of the easterly jet controls the location of monsoonal rains, which occur ahead and to the left of the strongest winds and also behind them and to the right. The surface flow, however, is a strong, southwesterly, humid, and unstable wind that brings humidities of more than 80 percent and heavy squally showers that are the “burst” of the monsoon. The overall pattern of the advance follows a frontal alignment , but local episodes may differ considerably. The amount of rain is variable from year to year and place to place.

Blowing in the Wind: Fact or Fiction? Most spectacular clouds and rain occur against the Western Ghats in India, where the early monsoonal airstream piles up against the steep slopes, then recedes, and piles up again to a greater height. Each time it pushes thicker clouds upward until wind and clouds roll over the barrier and, after a few brief spells of absorption by the dry inland air, cascade toward the interior. The windward slopes receive 2,000 to 5,000 mm (80 to 200 inches) of rain in the monsoon season. Connect with Britannica Facebook Twitter YouTube Instagram Pinterest Various factors, especially topography , combine to make up a complex regional pattern. Oceanic air flowing toward India below 6,000 metres (19,700 feet) is deflected in accordance with the Coriolis effect . The converging moist oncoming stream becomes unstable over the hot land and is subject to rapid convection . Towering cumulonimbus clouds rise thousands of metres, producing violent thunderstorms and releasing latent heat in the surrounding air. As a result, the upper tropospheric warm belt migrates northwestward from the ocean to the land.

The main body of air above 9,000 metres (29,500 feet) maintains a strong easterly flow. Later, in June and July, the monsoon is strong and well-established to a height of 6,000 metres (less in the far north), with occasional thickening to 9,000 metres. Weather conditions are cloudy, warm, and moist all over India. Rainfall varies between 400 and 500 mm (16 and 20 inches), but topography introduces some extraordinary differences.

On the southern slopes of the Khasi Hills at only 1,300 metres (4,300 feet), where the moist airstreams are lifted and overturned, the village of Cherrapunji in Meghalaya state receives an average rainfall of 2,730 mm (107 inches) in July, with record totals of 897 mm (35 inches) in 24 hours in July 1915, more than 9,000 mm (354 inches) in July 1861, and 16,305 mm (642 inches) in the monsoon season of 1899. Over the Ganges valley the monsoon, deflected by the Himalayan barrier, becomes a southeasterly airflow. By then the upper tropospheric belt of warmth from condensation has moved above northern India, with an oblique bias. The lowest pressures prevail at the surface. It is mainly in July and August that waves of low pressure appear in the body of monsoonal air. Fully developed depressions appear once or twice per month.

They travel from east to west more or less concurrently with high-level easterly waves and bursts of speed from the easterly jet, causing a local strengthening of the low-level monsoonal flow. The rainfall consequently increases and is much more evenly distributed than it was in June. Some of the deeper depressions become tropical cyclones before they reach the land, and these bring torrential rains and disastrous floods . A fertilizer plant at the port of Paradip, India, inundated by a storm surge after the Orissa … AP Editor Picks: Exploring 10 Types of Basketball Movies A totally different development arises when the easterly jet moves farther north than usual. The monsoonal wind rising over the southern slopes of the Himalayas brings heavy rains and local floods. The weather over the central and southern districts, however, becomes suddenly drier and remains so for as long as the abnormal shift lasts. The opposite shift is also possible, with midlatitude upper air flowing along the south face of the Himalayas and bringing drought to the northern districts. Such dry spells are known as “breaks” of the monsoon.

Those affecting the south of India are similar to those experienced on the Guinea Coast during extreme northward shifts of the wind belts (see West African monsoon ), whereas those affecting the north are due to an interaction of the middle and low latitudes. The southwest monsoon over the lower Indus plain is only 500 metres (about 1,600 feet) thick and does not hold enough moisture to bring rain. On the other hand, the upper tropospheric easterlies become stronger and constitute a true easterly jet stream. Western Pakistan , Iran , and Arabia remain dry (probably because of the divergence in this jet) and thus become the new source of surface heat. Monsoon withdrawal By August the intensity and duration of sunshine have decreased, temperatures begin to fall , and the surge of southwesterly air diminishes spasmodically almost to a standstill in the northwest. Cherrapunji still receives over 2,000 mm (79 inches) of rainfall at this time, however. In September, dry, cool, northerly air begins to circle the west side of the highlands and spread over northwestern India.

The easterly jet weakens, and the upper tropospheric easterlies move much farther south. Because the moist southwesterlies at lower levels are much weaker and variable, they are soon pushed back. The rainfall becomes extremely variable over most of the region, but showers are still frequent in the southeastern areas and over the Bay of Bengal. Average withdrawal date of the summer monsoon across South Asia. Trending Topics Lady Flora Hastings By early October, variable winds are very frequent everywhere. At the end of the month, the entire Indian region is covered by northerly air and the winter monsoon takes shape. The surface flow is deflected by the Coriolis force and becomes a northeasterly flow. This causes an October–December rainy season for the extreme southeast of the Deccan (including the Madras coast) and eastern Sri Lanka, which cannot be explained by topography alone because it extends well out over the sea. Tropical depressions and cyclones are important contributing factors. Most of India thus begins a sunny, dry, and dusty season.

The driest period comes in November in the Punjab ; December in central India, Bengal, and Assam; January in the northern Deccan; and February in the southern Deccan. Conversely, the western slopes of the Karakoram Range and Himalayas are then reached by the midlatitude frontal depressions that come from the Atlantic and the Mediterranean. The winter rains they receive, moderate as they are, place them clearly outside the monsoonal realm. Workers transplanting rice near Mangalore, Karnataka, India. Agriculture on the Indian subcontinent … Baldev/Shostal Associates Because crops and water supplies depend entirely on monsoonal rains, it became imperative that quantitative long-range weather forecasts be available. Embedded in the weather patterns of other parts of the world are clues to the summer conditions in South Asia. These clues often appear in the months leading up to monsoon onset. For a forecast to be released at the beginning of June, South American pressure and Indian upper-wind data for the month of April are examined. These data, though widely separated from one another, are positively correlated and may be used as predictors of June conditions.

Forecasts may be further refined in May by comparing rainfall patterns in both Zimbabwe and Java with the easterly winds above the city of Kolkata ( Calcutta ) in West Bengal state. In this situation the correlation between rainfall and easterly winds is negative.

Question: What is the name of the wind that brings heavy seasonal rain to Southern Asia
Answer: Monsoon