Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick Born: 1428 Son of: Richard, earl of Salisbury and Alice Montacute Married to: Anne de Beauchamp, Lady (1434) Children: Ann Neville (wife of Richard III), Isabel Neville Referred to as "The Kingmaker", Richard Neville attempted to wield power through the weaknesses of both Yorkists and Lancastrians kings. He and his father (earl of Salisbury) partnered with the duke of York in his attempt to claim the crown. After helping Edward IV to gain the crown, he turned against Edward and joined forces with Edward's brother George, duke of Clarence in 1469. When that gambit failed he switched sides and allied with Margaret of Anjou to put Henry VI back on the throne. Richard was killed at the battle of Barnet by the forces of Edward IV. Richard Neville Earl of Warwick, The Kingmaker - Philippa Gregory Philippa Gregory Established historian & writer. International No 1 best seller. Signup to Philippa's latest news and get updates of her upcoming releases. Name...

Richard Neville Earl of Warwick, The Kingmaker 1428 - 1471 The Nevilles were an ancient, noble family from Durham in the north of England. Richard Neville married Anne Beauchamp and through her secured the earldom of Salisbury and a substantial fortune. Luckier still Anne’s brother Henry died and so did his daughter, meaning Richard found himself Earl of Warwick. Warwick emerged in the 1450s at the centre of English politics. Originally a supporter of King Henry VI , a territorial dispute with the Duke of Somerset led him to collaborate with Richard Duke of York in opposing the king. York was killed, but his son Edward , with Warwick’s assistance, went on to take the crown of England. Edward’s decision to marry Elizabeth Woodville , and keep it a secret from Warwick for five months, changed their relationship forever. Warwick turned his allegiances to Edward’s brother George Duke of Clarence , marrying his eldest daughter Isabel to him. When the plot failed, Warwick instead supported Henry VI back on to the throne, and married his youngest daughter Anne to his son Edward of Lancaster . They triumphed until the Battle of Barnet when Edward IV won, killing Warwick.

Edward IV went on to kill Edward of Lancaster at Tewkesbury, securing victory for the Yorks. Richard Neville, 16th earl of Warwick | English noble | Britannica.com Richard Neville, 16th earl of Warwick English noble Alternative Titles: Richard Neville, 16th earl of Warwick, 6th earl of Salisbury, Richard Neville, 1st Earl of Warwick, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, The Kingmaker Richard Neville, 16th earl of Warwick English noble John Neville, earl of Northumberland Richard Neville, 16th earl of Warwick, also called 6th earl of Salisbury, byname the Kingmaker (born November 22, 1428—died April 14, 1471, Barnet, Hertfordshire , England ), English nobleman called, since the 16th century, “the Kingmaker,” in reference to his role as arbiter of royal power during the first half of the Wars of the Roses (1455–85) between the houses of Lancaster and York .

He obtained the crown for the Yorkist king Edward IV in 1461 and later restored to power (1470–71) the deposed Lancastrian monarch Henry VI . Richard Neville, 16th earl of Warwick, 6th earl of Salisbury. Photos.com/Jupiterimages The son of Richard Neville , 5th earl of Salisbury (died 1460), he became, through marriage, earl of Warwick in 1449 and thereby acquired vast estates throughout England. In 1453 Warwick and his father allied with Richard, duke of York , who was struggling to wrest power from the Lancastrian Edmund Beaufort, duke of Somerset , chief minister to the ineffectual king Henry VI . The two sides eventually took up arms, and, at the Battle of St. Albans , Hertfordshire, in May 1455, Warwick’s flank attack won a swift victory for the Yorkists. As his reward Warwick was appointed captain of Calais , an English possession on the coast of France. From Calais he crossed to England in 1460 and defeated and captured Henry VI at Northampton (July 10).

York and Parliament agreed to let Henry keep his crown, probably through the influence of Warwick, who preferred to have a weak king. The situation soon changed, however. York and Warwick’s father, the earl of Salisbury, were killed in battle in December 1460, and on February 17, 1461, the Lancastrians routed Warwick at St. Albans and regained possession of the king. Retreating, Warwick joined forces with York’s son Edward. They entered London unopposed, and on March 4, 1461, Edward proclaimed himself king as Edward IV . Later that month Warwick and Edward won a decisive victory over the Lancastrians in the Battle of Towton , in Yorkshire . Although Warwick wielded the real power for the first three years of Edward’s reign, gradually the king began to assert his independence. Warwick hoped to marry Edward to a French noblewoman—thereby gaining France as an ally—but Edward spoiled this scheme by secretly wedding Elizabeth Woodville in May 1464. Tensions between the two men mounted as Edward provided his wife’s relatives with high state offices.

Britannica Stories RBH biography: Richard 'The Kingmaker' Neville, Earl of Warwick (1428-1471) Earl of Salisbury Died: 14th April 1471 at the Battle of Barnet, Hertfordshire Commonly known as the 'Kingmaker,' Richard Neville was the eldest son of his namesake, Richard Neville , 5th Earl of Salisbury, by Alice daughter and heiress of Thomas Montacute , 4th Earl of Salisbury. He is said to have been born at the maternal family manor of Bisham in Berkshire on 22nd November 1428. Richard�s Earldom of Warwick came from his marriage, at the age of six, to the sister of the last of the Beauchamp family who held that title and was, at that time, the richest and most powerful Earldom in England. His greatest castles were Warwick (Warks), Cardiff (Glams), Abergavenny (Monmouths) and Barnard (Durham), but he also favoured Caversham (Oxon) and others. The Earl of Salisbury�s sister was married to the Royal claimant, the Duke of York .

Her brother and nephew therefore became the greatest supporters of the Yorkist cause against Margaret of Anjou and the Beauforts, who swayed the mind of the unworldly Henry VI . In this capacity, the Earl of Warwick won for the Yorkists the first battle of the civil wars, at St. Albans, in 1455. After this victory, poor Henry was obliged to make his enemy 'Captain of Calais', a position which gave Richard command of the only real standing force in the English dominions. It also gave him command of a considerable fleet with which, in 1458-9, he did good service against Spanish fleets in the Channel. In the same year, Warwick joined his uncle, the Duke of York, in the West of England, was defeated with him by the Lancastrians at Ludford and fled back to Calais by way of Guernsey. Thence in 1460 to Ireland and then again to Calais. In the summer of that year, he was back in Eng�land and helped to win, for the Yorkists, the Battle of Northampton.

While York and Warwick's father, Salisbury, went northwards to meet the forces which Queen Margaret had raised in Scotland and Yorkshire, Warwick remained in London in charge of Henry, whom he still professed to regard as King. His father's death at the Battle of Wakefield left Warwick head of the Neville family and added to his castles the great Yorkshire strongholds of Middleham and Sheriff Hutton. While York's death - though it left the nominal headship of the party to his son, the young Earl of March - gave Warwick undisputed command of the policy of that party. In February 1461, the Earl marched out, with poor Henry in his train, to meet the great Lancastrian army at St. Albans. He was beaten by it and fled to join March, who in the West had won the Battle of Mortimer's Cross. Edward IV, as March now claimed to be, entered London as a victor, with Warwick as his 'Kingmaker' by his side. It was not, however, Warwick but Edward himself whose generalship was responsible for the final Yorkist victory at Towton on Palm Sunday 1461.

Edward rewarded his great subject with the wardenships of the Cinque Ports and of the Scottish Marches and the office of Chamberlain; and Warwick's riches must have been enormous. Warwick seems to have had some skill in diplomacy and, for the first few years of the reign, Edward left most things in his hands. But he was anxious that the King should marry either one of his own daughters or a French princess chosen by himself. Wherefore Edward's marriage with Elizabeth Woodville and, still more, the favours which he showered on her relations, soon roused the jealousy of the Earl. By the year 1468, he seems to have determined to upset Edward's throne by some means or another. However, as too deep a stream of blood which he himself had spilt seemed to run between him and the Lancastrians, he turned to Edward's second brother, the Duke of Clarence. He married the young duke to his eldest daughter and raised an insurrection which he allowed Clarence to think would ultimately put him upon the throne.

Edward, a lazy man, was caught napping and allowed Warwick to take him prisoner; but then Warwick altogether belied his reputation for craft and reconciled himself to Edward, who, as soon as he was free, drove him from the Kingdom. There was now but one thing for the Earl to do. He must throw himself at the feet of the haughty Queen Margaret, whom he had slandered and vilified in every possible way, and by her agency raise the flag of King Henry. Louis XI of France, Warwick's steady friend, was able to mediate this astonishing alliance. The Nevilles rose for Warwick and the Western Lancastrians for Henry. Edward was driven from his Kingdom to the Burgundian Court, where his sister was queen, and the Kingmaker landed in England in October 1470. He thus 'remade,' as he had previously unmade, Henry VI as King of England; but Queen Margaret delayed her return. The restored government was profoundly unpopular in London and Clarence, nominally Warwick's ally, became discontented when Warwick married his other daughter to Prince Edward of Lancaster. This situation enabled King Edward to return in March 1471.

He caught Warwick in a trap at Barnet, slew him and then advanced to meet and destroy the true Lancastrian army at Tewkesbury. He was laid to rest in his mother�s family mausoleum of Bisham Priory (Berks). The manor house at Bisham was lost to the family, although the Earl's grandaughter, Margaret , Countess of Salisbury, did recover it for a while in the early 1500s. Warwick, in spite of his great reputation, was merely a selfish baron of the worst type of the bastard-feudal age of the fifteenth century. His enormous riches bought him a following, which he was able to reward from the goods and lands of his enemies. Edited from CRL Fletcher's 'Historical Portraits' (1909) � Nash Ford Publishing 2001. All Rights Reserved.

Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, 'The Kingmaker' (1428-1471) [Wars of the Roses; Nevil, Nevill, Earl of Salisbury] Search RICHARD NEVILLE, EARL OF WARWICK, called "the king-maker," was the eldest son of Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury , by Alice, only daughter and heiress of Thomas, the last Montacute Earl of Salisbury . He was born on the 22nd of November 1428, and whilst still a boy betrothed to Anne, daughter of Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick . When her brother's daughter died in 1449, Anne, as only sister of the whole blood, brought her husband the title and chief share of the Warwick estates. Richard Neville thus became the premier earl, and both in power and position excelled his father. Richard, Duke of York , was his uncle, so when York became Protector in 1453, and Salisbury was made Chancellor, it was natural that Warwick should be one of the council. After the King's [ Henry VI ] recovery in 1455 Warwick and his father took up arms in York's support.

Their victory at St Albans on the 22nd of May was due to the fierce energy with which Warwick assaulted and broke the Lancastrian centre. He was rewarded with the important office of captain of Calais; to his position there he owed his strength during the next five years. Even when York was displaced at home, Warwick retained his post, and in 1457 was also made admiral. He was present in February 1458 at the professed reconciliation of the two parties at St Paul's, London. During the previous year he had done some good fighting on the march of Calais by land, and kept the sea with vigour; now on his return he distinguished himself in a great fight with Spanish ships off Calais on the 28th of May, and in the autumn by capturing a German salt-fleet on its way to Lubeck. These exploits brought him a prestige and popularity that were distasteful to the home government. Moreover, England was at war neither with Castile nor with the Hanse. Warwick's action may possibly have formed part of some Yorkist design for frustrating the foreign policy of their rivals. At all events there was pretext enough for recalling him to make his defence.

Whilst he was at the court at Westminster a brawl occurred between his retainers and some of the royal household. Warwick himself escaped with difficulty, and went back to Calais, alleging that his life had been deliberately attempted. When in the following year a renewal of the war was imminent, Warwick crossed over to England with his trained soldiers from Calais under Sir Andrew Trollope . But at Ludlow, on the 12th of October, Trollope and his men deserted, and left the Yorkists helpless [cf. Rout of Ludford ]. Warwick, with his father, his cousin the young Edward of York , and only three followers, made his way to Barnstaple. There they hired a little fishing vessel. The master pleaded that he did not know the Channel, but Warwick resourcefully took command and himself steered a successful course to Calais. He arrived just in time to anticipate the Duke of Somerset , whom the Lancastrians had sent to supersede him. During the winter Warwick held Calais against Somerset, and sent out a fleet which seized Sandwich and captured Lord Rivers . In the spring he went to Ireland to concert plans with Richard of York.

On his return voyage he encountered a superior Lancastrian fleet in the Channel. But Exeter , the rival commander, could not trust his crews and dared not fight. Bear and Ragged Staff — Badges of Richard Neville From Calais Warwick, Salisbury and Edward of York crossed to Sandwich on the 26th of June. A few days later they entered London, whence Warwick at once marched north. On the 10th of July he routed the Lancastrians at Northampton , and took the King prisoner. For the order to spare the commons and slay the lords, Warwick was responsible, as also for some later executions at London. Yet when Richard of York was disposed to claim the crown, it was, according to Waurin, Warwick who decided the discussion in favour of a compromise, perhaps from loyalty to Henry, or perhaps from the wish not to change a weak sovereign for a strong. Warwick was in charge of London at the time when Richard and Salisbury were defeated and slain at Wakefield . The Lancastrians won a second victory at St Albans on the 17th of February 1461, possibly through lack of generalship on Warwick's part.

But in his plans to retrieve the disaster Warwick showed skill and decision. He met Edward of York in Oxfordshire, brought him in triumph to London, had him proclaimed king [as Edward IV ], and within a month of his defeat at St Albans was marching north in pursuit of the Lancastrians. The good generalship which won the victory of Towton may have been due to Edward rather than to Warwick, but the new king was of the creation of the powerful earl, who now had his reward. For four years the government was centred undisputedly in the hands of Warwick and his friends. The energy of his brother John, Lord Montagu , frustrated the various attempts of the Lancastrians in the north. In another sphere Warwick himself was determining the lines of English policy on the basis of an alliance with France. The power of the Nevilles seemed to be completed by the promotion of George , the third brother, to be Archbishop of York. The first check came with the announcement in September 1464 of the king's secret marriage to Elizabeth Woodville . This was particularly distasteful to Warwick, who had but just pledged Edward to a French match. For the time, however, there was no open breach.

The trouble began in 1466, when Edward first made Rivers , the Queen's father, treasurer, and afterwards threw obstacles in the way of an intended marriage between Warwick's daughter Isabel and George of Clarence , the King's own next brother. Still in May 1467 Warwick went again with the king's assent to conclude a treaty with France. He returned to find that in his absence Edward, under Woodville's influence, had committed himself definitely to the Burgundian alliance. Warwick retired in dudgeon to his estates, and began to plot in secret for his revenge. In the summer of 1469 he went over to Calais, where Isabel and Clarence were married without the king's knowledge. Meantime he had stirred up the rebellion of Robin of Redesdale in Yorkshire; and when Edward was drawn north, Warwick invaded England in arms. The King, outmarched and outnumbered, had to yield himself prisoner, whilst Rivers and his son John were executed. Warwick was apparently content with the overthrow of the Woodvilles, and believed that he had secured Edward's submission.

In March 1470, a rebellion in Lincolnshire gave Edward an opportunity to gather an army of his own. When the King alleged that he had found proof of Warwick's complicity, the earl, taken by surprise, fled with Clarence to France. There, through the instrumentality of Louis XI , he was with some difficulty reconciled to Margaret of Anjou , and agreed to marry his second daughter to her son. In September Warwick and Clarence, with the Lancastrian lords, landed at Dartmouth. Edward in his turn had to fly overseas, and for six months Warwick ruled England as Lieutenant for Henry VI , who was restored from his prison in the Tower to a nominal throne. But the Lancastrian restoration was unwelcome to Clarence, who began to intrigue with his brother. When in March 1471 Edward landed at Ravenspur, Clarence found an opportunity to join him. Warwick was completely outgeneralled, and at Barnet on the 14th of April was defeated and slain.

Warwick has been made famous by Lytton as "The Last of the Barons." The title suits him as a great feudal lord, who was a good fighter but a poor general, who had more sympathy with the old order than with the new culture. But he was more than this. He had some of the qualities of a strong ruler, and the power to command popularity. He was a skilled diplomatist and an adroit politician. These qualities, with his position as the head of a great family, the chief representative of Beauchamp, Despenser, Montacute and Neville, made him during ten years "the king-maker." Warwick's only children were his two daughters. Anne, the younger, was married after his death to Richard of Gloucester, the future Richard III . Excerpted from: Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Ed. Vol XVIII. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1910. 340.

Other Local Resources: Robert Neville, Earl of Warwick Earl of Warwick Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick "Kingmaker" Born: November 22, 1428 Barnet, Hertfordshire, England (Age 42) Warwick in History Little is known of the early life of Richard Neville (eldest son to Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury) outside of his betrothal to Anne Beauchamp, daughter to Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick. This match was to ultimately provide Neville with the title that he is most known for styling. Although the Nevilles remained loyal supporters to the House of Lancaster (led by King Henry VI) throughout the 1440s, things slowly began to change when Neville inherited the earldom of Warwick in 1449. With no male Beauchamp heirs, the earldom was to awarded Neville's wife Anne. However, Anne had three half-sisters to compete with, two of whom were married to highly powerful men within the court of Henry VI: John Talbot, Earl of Shrewsbury and Edmund Beaufort, Duke of Somerset.

Talbot was killed defending the last English possessions in France in 1453 but Somerset proved to be a much more difficult problem. Somerset was a close relation to the king and it is most likely his presence at court that prevented Warwick from attaining any real influence. For this reason it is no surprise that the Nevilles threw their support behind Richard Plantagenet, Duke of York, and his faction, the Yorkists. York and the Nevilles were united behind their hatred for Somerset, both of whom believed he was a bad influence on the king and was responsible for the English losses in France. Tensions between the houses of Lancaster and York spilled on to the battlefield in 1455 at St. Albans. By the day's end Somerset was dead and Henry VI had been captured. In addition, Warwick was able to increase his own local power in the north seeing that the leading members of the Percy and Clifford families (the rivals for power with the Nevilles in England's north) were also killed during the battle. Soon after the battle, Warwick was appointed to the highly important position of captain of Calais, the lone remaining English possession in France, where he would gradually build up a power base during the following years.

By 1459, however, conflicts between the house of Lancaster and York were, once again, boiling over, and Queen Margaret wanted nothing more than for the Yorkists to be done away with. With their backs against the wall, the Yorkists attempted to rebel against the crown, but found very little support and were forced to scatter themselves between Ireland and Calais (which had be taken out from Warwick's control by this point). The Yorkists returned to England the following year with a stronger following and were able to, once again, capture Henry VI after a Yorkist victory at Northampton. At the Parliament that year, York forced the king to name him his heir (the duke did have a valid claim to the throne through his mother). The move did not sit well with Queen Margaret, who sent an army to accost the Yorkists by the year's end. At Wakefield, York was killed along with his son, the Earl of Rutland, and Warwick's father Salisbury, was captured and lynched. The battle was a huge setback for the Yorkists and Warwick was forced to throw his support behind York's eldest son Edward, Earl of March. As Margaret's forces approached London, they were denied entry into the city.

This move allowed the Yorkist army to chase away their enemies and have young March crowned as King Edward IV. Warwick then proceeded to cut off the Lancastrian army, which he was able to accomplish at Towton. In a particularly gruesome battle, the Yorkists won a decisive victory and the Lancastrians were forced to flee to various scattered locations. With Edward now on the throne, Warwick was now at the zenith of his power and most certainly earned the nickname of "Kingmaker." During the first several years of Edward IV's reign, Warwick was, by far, the most powerful and influential man in England. Not only had he become extremely wealthy from all of the Beauchamp lands he had inherited, but, as a man who had been crucial to putting the king on his throne, he was rewarded with a countless number of important positions (including Warden of the Cinque Ports, chamberlain of England and, for a second time, captain of Calais) that assured he would be a force to be reckoned with. Additionally, Warwick had built up a large power base in Calais and a number of his northern lands and was able to muster armies and stir up the commons at a moment's notice.

This extreme power that Warwick possessed would only sit well with Edward IV, a man who was no one's subject, for so long. The first riff in the relationship between king and kingmaker came in 1464 after Edward had secretly married Elizabeth Woodville, a mere common woman, after Warwick had already arrange a marriage between the king and Bona of Savoy, sister-in-law of the French King Louis XI. Tensions would continue to mount when the two differed greatly on policies on who to support in the rivalry of King Louis XI and the Duke of Burgundy. The final straw seems to have come with when Warwick realized his power was gradually being dissembled and the king's in-laws, the Woodvilles, were becoming increasingly influential, being given a slew of important positions and being married off to wealthy heirs and heiresses. It is for all these reasons that Warwick decided to rebel against King Edward in 1469. Warwick joined forces with the king's brother George, Duke of Clarence (who were united by their hatred of the Woodvilles and the fact that the king would not allow Clarence to wed Warwick's daughter) and did battle with the royal forces at Edgcote.

The battle was a success: Earl Rivers, the head of the Woodville family, was killed, and the king himself, who was caught completely off guard, was captured and imprisoned. Unfortunately, Warwick soon realized that he could not govern the kingdom without the king, and was forced to release him. In turn, Warwick and Clarence were chased out of England and fleed to France under the care of Louis XI. As Warwick's power was slowly being taken away in England, he found it to his advantage to form an alliance with Queen Margaret and the Lancastrians, agreeing to wed his other daughter Anne, to Margaret's son, Prince Edward, to seal the deal. Warwick then returned to England with a large army of French and Lancastrian soldiers and, with the help of his brother, the Marquis of Montague, caught Edward IV off guard, once again, and forced him to flee to the Netherlands, where he would remain for the next six months. With Edward gone, Warwick was free to release Henry VI from the tower (where he had been since his capture in 1465) and place him back on England's throne. Warwick had once again shown that he was the maker, and breaker, of kings.

For the next several months, Warwick was King of England in all but name over the seemingly useless and uninterested Henry VI. When he felt his power was secure enough, Warwick sent for Queen Margaret and Prince Edward to return from France. Unfortunately, Edward IV was also on his way back and would land before the queen and prince. Warwick acted as swiftly as possible but Henry VI was captured and the earl's forces were forced to do battle with those of King Edward on a foggy day at Barnet. To make matters worse, Clarence had deserted Warwick to return to his brother. The fog created much confusion and added more chaos to an already brutal battle, which saw the armies of Montague, Warwick's brother, and the Earl of Oxford, a fellow Lancastrian, accidentally attack each other. Montague was killed, Oxford captured and Warwick himself was killed at some point during the Lancastrian retreat. Although Warwick had achieved an enormous amount of success during his political career, he was ultimately brought down by his own ambition and the realization that one could only make and break kings for so long, before he himself is broken. Warwick's accomplishments, however, were not without merit and he continues to sport the nickname "kingmaker" to this very day.

Warwick in Shakespeare Appears in: Henry VI, Part 1?; Henry VI, Part 2; Henry VI, Part 3 The appearance of the Earl of Warwick in 1 Henry VI creates a fair amount of confusion. Warwick the "Kingmaker" did not succeed to the earldom until 1449 and his father-in-law, Richard Beauchamp, did not die until 1439. An example of historical inconsistency can be seen in the event of the burning of Joan of Arc, which happens late in the play and in 1431 historically. The younger Warwick was a youth of two at the time and the Beauchamp earl still had another eight years to live. Additionally, Warwick is seen in the courtyard scene picking a white rose to symbolize his allegiance to the house of York. The Beauchamp earl, a loyal Lancastrian would have done no such thing. Even into 2 Henry VI the two are confused when Warwick is upset for the losses of Maine and Anjou in France, which he credits himself with conquering. The younger Warwick did not participate at all in these battles.

It is safe to say that Shakespeare simply creates a composite figure between the two men, as he also did with the Dukes of Somerset and the two Edmund Mortimers. Nonetheless, it is clear by the end of 2 Henry VI that Warwick the "kingmaker" is subject at hand as he fights with the Yorkists at the Battle of St. Albans. In 3 Henry VI, Warwick aids in putting Edward IV on the throne but joins with the Lancastrians when he is informed the king has married a common woman over his choice of the French king's sister-in-law. In reality, Warwick did not rebel against Edward IV until five years after the marriage. It was not a direct result of rebellion. Warwick captures King Edward and places him in the custody of his brother, from whom he ultimately escapes, and places Henry VI back on the throne. When Edward IV returns, however, Warwick does battle against him at Barnet where both he and his brother Montague are killed. All in all, Warwick is portrayed as an ambitious lord who is ultimately taken down by his own greedy actions. The parting speech he gives before his death, however, almost certainly will force one to treat him with a grain of sympathy.

References Pollard, A. J. ‘Neville, Richard, sixteenth earl of Warwick and sixth earl of Salisbury [called the Kingmaker] (1428–1471)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004; online edn, Jan 2008 [ accessed 16 March 2010] Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick - theislandwiki Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick From theislandwiki Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, Lord of the Isles 1449-1459, 1461-1471 Inheritance Neville is far better known as Warick the Kingmaker for his involvement in the rise and fall of English kings during the War of the Roses. He came to be Lord of the Channel Islands through sheer fluke, having assumed the title while married to Anne de Beauchamp, surviving sister of of Henry de Beauchamp, who was destined to become Lord of the Isles, but died before the previous incumbent, Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester .

When Henry died his titles passed to his two-year-old daughter Anne, and she assumed the Lordship, or Ladyship of the Isles, only to die two years later. After arguments about succession, Henry's titles passed to his aunt, Anne, and thence to her husband Richard. It is doubtful that he ever had much time to contemplate his responsibilities in the islands while he was manoeuvring to replace one English monarch with another during one of the most turbulent periods in the country's history. Channel Islands Ten days after the death of Anne de Beauchamp, heiress of Warwick, her uncle Richard Neville was made Count of Warwick (23 July 1449) and on 14 June 1450 he received the various titles which had previously been attached to this position, presumably including the Lordship of the Channel Islands. Guernsey records of 7 May 1459 refer to Monsieru de Warwick, Seigneur des Iles.

The following year Warwick's titles were confiscanted by Henry VI:"Jam infra paucum tempus placuit nobis dictam Insulum nostram de Gersey cum omnibus aliis Insulis ad tunc Racardo nuper comiti Warrewicci pertinentem in manum nostram resumers" but he appears to have got them back in 1461 and remained in overall control of the Channel Islands for another ten years. Family The son of Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, Warwick was the wealthiest and most powerful English peer of his age, with political connections that went beyond the country's borders. One of the main protagonists in the Wars of the Roses, he was instrumental in the deposition of two kings. Through fortunes of marriage and inheritance, he emerged in the 1450s at the centre of English politics. Originally a supporter of Henry VI, a territorial dispute with the Duke of Somerset led him to collaborate with Richard, Duke of York, opposing the king. From this conflict he gained the strategically valuable post of Captain of Calais, a position that benefited him greatly in the years to come.

The political conflict later turned into full-scale rebellion, and both York and Warwick's father, Salisbury, fell in battle. York's son, however, later triumphed with Warwick's assistance, and was crowned Edward IV. Edward initially ruled with Warwick's support, but the two later fell out over foreign policy and the king's choice of partner in marriage. After a failed plot to crown Edward's brother, George Duke of Clarence, Warwick instead restored Henry VI to the throne. The triumph was short-lived however: on 14 April 1471 Warwick was defeated by Edward at the Battle of Barnet, and killed. Warwick had no sons. The eldest of his two daughters, Isabella Plantagenet, married George, Duke of Clarence. His youngest daughter Anne – after a short-lived marriage to King Henry's son Edward – married King Edward's younger brother Richard, Duke of Gloucester, who later became Richard III. Warwick's historical legacy has been a matter of much dispute. Historical opinion has alternated between seeing him as self-centred and rash, and regarding him as a victim of the whims of an ungrateful king.

It is generally agreed, however, that in his own time he enjoyed great popularity in all layers of society, and that he was skilled at appealing to popular sentiments for political support. Becoming Warwick The Nevilles were an ancient family who came to prominence in the 14th century wars against the Scots. In 1397 Ralph Nevil had been created [[Earl of Westmorland. Ralph's son Richard Neville, the later Earl of Warwick's father, was a younger son by a second marriage, and therefore not heir to the earldom. Richard was born on 22 November 1428. Little is known of his childhood. At the age of six he was betrothed to Anne Beauchamp, daughter of Richard de Beauchamp and his wife Isabel Despenser. This made him heir not only to the earldom of Salisbury, but also to a substantial part of the Montague, Beauchamp, and Despenser inheritance. Circumstances were, however, to increase his fortune even further. Beauchamp's son Henry, who was married to Richard's sister Cecille, died in 1446.

When Henry's daughter Anne died in 1449, Richard also found himself jure uxoris Earl of Warwick. Richard's succession to the estates did not go undisputed, however. A protracted battle over parts of the inheritance ensued, particularly with Edmund Beaufort, 1st Duke of Somerset, who was married to a daughter from Richard Beauchamp's first marriage. The dispute was about land, not about the Warwick title, as Henry's half-sisters were excluded from the succession. By 1445 Richard had been knighted, probably at Queen Margaret's coronation on 22 April that year. He appears to have entered into the service of Henry VI by 1449, when mention is made of his services in a grant. He performed military service in the north with his father, and might have taken part in the war against Scotland in 1448–9. When Richard Duke of York unsuccessfully rose up against the king in 1452, both Warwick and his father rallied to the side of the king.

Richard "Kingmaker" Neville (1428 - 1471) - Find A Grave Memorial Barnet Greater London, England Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick and 6th Earl of Salisbury and 8th and 5th Baron Montacute. He was known as Warwick the Kingmaker, administrator, and military commander. He was the son of Richard Neville , 5th Earl of Salisbury. Warwick was the wealthiest and most powerful English peer of his age, with political connections that went beyond the country's borders. One of the main protagonists in the Wars of the Roses, he was instrumental in the deposition of two kings, a fact which later earned him his epithet of "Kingmaker". He was originally a supporter of King Henry VI, a territorial dispute with the Duke of Somerset led him to collaborate with Richard, Duke of York, opposing the king. From this conflict he gained the valuable post of Captain of Calais, a position that benefited him greatly in the years to come. The political conflict later turned into full-scale rebellion, and both York and Warwick's father, Salisbury, fell in battle. York's son, however, later triumphed with Warwick's assistance, and was crowned King Edward IV .

Edward initially ruled with Warwick's support, but the two later fell out over foreign policy and the king's choice of partner in marriage. After a failed plot to crown Edward's brother, George, Duke of Clarence, Warwick instead restored Henry VI to the throne. The triumph was short-lived however: on April 14, 1471 Warwick was defeated by Edward at the Battle of Barnet, and killed. Warwick's body along with the body of his brother Montagu, who had also died at Barnet, was displayed in London's St Paul's Cathedral to quell any rumors of their survival. Then they were handed over to Archbishop Neville, to be buried in the family vault at Bisham. On May 4 of the same year, Edward IV defeated the remaining Lancastrian forces of Queen Margaret and Prince Edward at the Battle of Tewkesbury, where the prince was killed. Soon afterwards, it was reported that King Henry VI had also died in the Tower. With the direct Lancastrian line exterminated, Edward could reign safely until his death in 1483.

Richard married Anne de Beauchamp, daughter of Richard de Beauchamp, 13th Earl of Warick and Isabel le Despenser. They were the parents of Isabel and Anne Neville. Their eldest daughter, Isabel , married George , Duke of Clarence, the younger brother of King Edward IV of England. Their younger daughter, Anne , was married to Edward of Westminster , the only son of King Henry VI . Edward of Westminster was killed in the Battle of Tewkesbury. Anne re-married to Richard , Duke of Gloucester, later King Richard III of England. Although their mother was still living, the husbands of the two Neville sisters fought over her inheritance, with Richard eventually coming out on top. However, the son of the Duke of Clarence inherited the earldom of Warwick from Neville.

Question: Richard Neville (Warwick the Kingmaker) died at which battle of 1471?
Answer: Barnet