Anatole France - Wikiquote Anatole France Jump to: navigation , search The law , in its majestic equality , forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal bread. Anatole France ( 16 April 1844 – 12 October 1924 ), born Jacques Anatole François Thibault, was a French poet, journalist, and novelist. Ironic and skeptical , he was considered in his day the ideal French man of letters. A member of the Académie française , he won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Literature in recognition of his literary achievements. He is widely believed to be the model for the narrator's literary idol "Bergotte" in Marcel Proust 's In Search of Lost Time . Contents Quotes[ edit ] If it were absolutely necessary to choose , I would rather be guilty of an immoral act than of a cruel one. To accomplish great things we must not only act, but also dream ; not only plan, but also believe . Innocence most often is a good fortune and not a virtue . You think you are dying for your country ; you die for the industrialists.

When a thing has been said and well said, have no scruple: take it and copy it. If fifty million people say a foolish thing, it is still a foolish thing. Il est dans la nature humaine de penser sagement et d'agir d'une façon absurde. It is human nature to think wisely and to act in an absurd fashion . Le livre de mon ami (1885): Le livre de Pierre, part I, ch. II: La dame en blanc Il est sage de ne mettre ni crainte, ni espérance dans l’avenir incertain. That man is prudent who neither hopes nor fears anything from the uncertain events of the future . L’Étui de nacre: Le Procurateur de Judée [Mother of Pearl: The Procurator of Judea] (1892) Le christianisme a beaucoup fait pour l’amour en en faisant un péché. Christianity has done a great deal for love by making it a sin . Le Jardin d'Épicure [The Garden of Epicurus] (1894) Variant translation: Religion has done love a great service by making it a sin. La souffrance!

quelle divine méconnu! Nous lui devons tout ce qu'il ya de bon en nous, tout ce qui donne du prix à la vie; nous lui devons la pitié, nous lui devons le courage, nous lui devons toutes les vertus. Suffering — how divine it is, how misunderstood! We owe to it all that is good in us, all that gives value to life ; we owe to it pity , we owe to it courage , we owe to it all the virtues . Le Jardin d'Épicure [The Garden of Epicurus ] (1894) En art comme en amour, l'instinct suffit. In art as in love , instinct is enough. Le Jardin d'Épicure [The Garden of Epicurus] (1894) S’il fallait absolument choisir, j’aimerais mieux faire une chose immorale qu’une chose cruelle. If it were absolutely necessary to choose , I would rather be guilty of an immoral act than of a cruel one. Le Lys Rouge [The Red Lily] (1894), ch.

1 La majestueuse égalité des lois, qui interdit au riche comme au pauvre de coucher sous les ponts, de mendier dans les rues et de voler du pain. In its majestic equality, the law forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets and steal loaves of bread. Le Lys Rouge [The Red Lily] (1894), ch. 7 Variant: How noble the law, in its majestic equality, that both the rich and poor are equally prohibited from peeing in the streets, sleeping under bridges, and stealing bread! Pour accomplir de grandes choses il ne suffit pas d'agir, il faut rêver; il ne suffit pas de calculer, il faut croire. To accomplish great things we must not only act, but also dream ; not only plan, but also believe . Variant: To accomplish great things, we must dream as well as act. Discours de réception, Séance De L'académie Française (introductory speech at a session of the French Academy), 24th December 1896, on Ferdinand de Lesseps ' work on the Suez Canal.

II n'y a que les pauvres gens qui payent comptant. Ce n'est pas par vertu; c'est parce qu'on ne leur fait pas crédit. It is only the poor who pay cash, and that not from virtue , but because they are refused credit . Pierre Nozière (1899), book I, ch. VI: Les deux tailleurs L'ignorance et l'erreur sont nécessaires à la vie comme le pain et l'eau. ], p. 56 On devient bon écrivain comme on devient bon menuisier: en rabotant ses phrases. You become a good writer just as you become a good joiner: by planing down your sentences. As quoted in Anatole France en pantoufles by Jean-Jacques Brousson (1924); published in English as Anatole France Himself: A Boswellian Record by His Secretary, Jean-Jacques Brousson (1925), trans. John Pollock, p. 85 Variant translation: You become a good writer just as you become a good carpenter: by planing down your sentences.

Si 50 millions de personnes disent une bêtise, c'est quand même une bêtise. If fifty million people say a foolish thing, it is still a foolish thing. As quoted in Listening and Speaking : A Guide to Effective Oral Communication (1954) by Ralph G. Nichols and Thomas R. Lewis, p. 74 Also misattributed to Bertrand Russell , by Laurence J. Peter , in The Peter Prescription : How To Make Things Go Right (1976), but he subsequently attributed to France in Peter's Quotations: Ideas for Our Time (1977). Derived variant: If forty million people say a foolish thing it does not become a wise one, but the wise man is foolish to give them the lie. W. Somerset Maugham , A Writer's Notebook (1949), entry for 1901 A people under the menace of war and of invasion is very easy to govern. It does not claim social reforms, it does not [ca???] over armaments or military equipment.

It pays without haggling, it ruins itself at it, and that is excellent for the syndicates, the financiers, and the heads of industry to whom patriotic terrors open an abundant source of gain. Translated for "The New Age" by Leonard J. Simons (1914-01-22). Anatole France on Education. Speech at the Inauguration of the Education Part of the Socialist "Maison de Peuple," at Brussels . The New Age (Volume 14, Number 12) 363. Modernist Journals Project. Retrieved on 2017-01-04. The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard (1881)[ edit ] He flattered himself on being a man without any prejudices ; and this pretension itself is a very great prejudice. The Revolt of the Angels (1914)[ edit ] Your army awaits you. Come, lead it on to victory . La Revolte des Anges, as translated by Mrs. Wilfrid Jackson - Full text online The sun is about to descend into the roseate waters of the Sacred River .

When you have eaten, you will slumber pleasantly in this garden , where the joys of the intellect and of the senses have reigned since the day when I drove hence the spirit of the old Demiurge . The archangel Michael took supreme command. He reassured their minds by his serenity . Archangel Michael, and you, Powers , Thrones, and Dominations, swear all of you to be faithful to your God . We have destroyed Ialdabaoth , our Tyrant , if in ourselves we have destroyed Ignorance and Fear . … Nectaire, you fought with me before the birth of the world . We were conquered because we failed to understand that Victory is a Spirit , and that it is in ourselves and in ourselves alone that we must attack and destroy Ialdabaoth. For the majority of people , though they do not know what to do with this life , long for another that shall have no end . Ch. XXI Zita told him of the black standards assembled in crowds in all the waste places of the globe; of the deliverance premeditated and prepared in the provinces of Heaven, where the first revolt had long ago been fomented. "Prince," she went on, "your army awaits you.

Come, lead it on to victory."" Friends ," replied the great archangel, "I was aware of the object of your visit. Baskets of fruit and honeycombs await you under the shade of this mighty tree. The sun is about to descend into the roseate waters of the Sacred River . When you have eaten, you will slumber pleasantly in this garden , where the joys of the intellect and of the senses have reigned since the day when I drove hence the spirit of the old Demiurge . To-morrow I will give you my answer." Ch. XXXV Night hung its blue over the garden. Satan fell asleep . He had a dream , and in that dream, soaring over the earth , he saw it covered with angelsin revolt, beautiful as gods whose eyes darted lightning . And from pole to pole one single cry, formed of a myriad cries, mounted towards him, filled with hope and love . And Satan said: "Let us go forth! Let us seek the ancient adversary in his high abode." And he led the countless host of angels over the celestial plains. And Satan was cognizant of what took place in the heavenly citadel.

When news of this second revolt came thither, the Father said to the Son: "The irreconcilable foe is rising once again. Let us take heed to ourselves, and in this, our time of danger , look to our defences, lest we lose our high abode." And the Son, consubstantial with the Father, replied: "We shall triumph under the sign that gave Constantine the victory." Ch. XXXV The archangel Michael took supreme command. He reassured their minds by his serenity . His countenance, wherein his soul was visible, expressed contempt for danger . By his orders, the chiefs of the thunderbolts, the Kerûbs, grown dull with the long interval of peace , paced with heavy steps the ramparts of the Holy Mountain, and, letting the gaze of their bovine eyes wander over the glittering clouds of their Lord, strove to place the divine batteries in position. After inspecting the defences, they swore to the Most High that all was in readiness. They took counsel together as to the plan they should follow. Michael was for the offensive. He, as a consummate soldier, said it was the supreme law . Attack, or be attacked, — there was no middle course.

"Moreover," he added, "the offensive attitude is particularly suitable to the ardour of the Thrones and Dominations." Beyond that, it was impossible to obtain a word from the valiant chief, and this silence seemed the mark of a genius sure of himself. Ch. XXXV Mutterings and murmurs, mingling with the rumours of glory , gave rise to fears of an indecisive battle, a precipitate retreat. Insolent voices gave out that a spirit of the lowest category, a guardian angel, the insignificant Arcade, had checked and routed the dazzling host of the three great archangels. Ch. XXXV With impassive gaze, Michael, prince of warriors, measured the extent of the disaster, and his keen intelligence penetrated its causes. The armies of the living God had taken the offensive, but by one of those fatalities in war which disconcert the plans of the greatest captains, the enemy had also taken the offensive, and the effect was evident. Ch. XXXV The garrison laid down their arms before Satan . Michael placed his flaming sword at the feet of the conquering archangel. "Take back your sword, Michael," said Satan. "It is Lucifer who yields it to you.

Bear it in defence of peace and law ." Then letting his gaze fall on the leaders of the celestial cohorts, he cried in a ringing voice: "Archangel Michael, and you, Powers , Thrones, and Dominations, swear all of you to be faithful to your God ." "We swear it," they replied with one voice. And Satan said: "Powers, Thrones, and Dominations, of all past wars , I wish but to remember the invincible courage that you displayed and the loyalty which you rendered to authority , for these assure me of the steadfastness of the fealty you have just sworn to me." Ch. XXXV The following day, on the ethereal plain, Satan commanded the black standards to be distributed to the troops, and the winged soldiers covered them with kisses and bedewed them with tears . And Satan had himself crowned God . Thronging round the glittering walls of Heavenly Jerusalem, apostles, pontiffs, virgins, martyrs, confessors, the whole company of the elect, who during the fierce battle had enjoyed delightful tranquillity , tasted infinite joy in the spectacle of the coronation.

The elect saw with ravishment the Most High precipitated into Hell , and Satan seated on the throne of the Lord. In conformity with the will of God which had cut them off from sorrow they sang in the ancient fashion the praises of their new Master. Ch. XXXV Satan, piercing space with his keen glance, contemplated the little globe of earth and water where of old he had planted the vine and formed the first tragic chorus. And he fixed his gaze on that Rome where the fallen God had founded his empire on fraud and lie . Nevertheless, at that moment a saint ruled over the Church . Satan saw him praying and weeping. And he said to him: "To thee I entrust my Spouse. Watch over her faithfully. In thee I confirm the right and power to decide matters of doctrine , to regulate the use of the sacraments, to make laws and to uphold purity of morals . And the faithful shall be under obligation to conform thereto. My Church is eternal , and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. Thou art infallible. Nothing is changed." And the successor of the apostles felt flooded with rapture.

He prostrated himself, and with his forehead touching the floor, replied: "O Lord, my God , I recognise Thy voice ! Thy breath has been wafted like balm to my heart . Blessed be Thy name . Thy will be done on Earth , as it is in Heaven . Lead us not into temptation , but deliver us from evil ." Ch. XXXV Satan found pleasure in praise and in the exercise of his grace ; he loved to hear his wisdom and his power belauded. He listened with joy to the canticles of the cherubim who celebrated his good deeds , and he took no pleasure in listening to Nectaire's flute, because it celebrated nature 's self , yielded to the insect and to the blade of grass their share of power and love , and counselled happiness and freedom . Satan, whose flesh had crept, in days gone by, at the idea that suffering prevailed in the world , now felt himself inaccessible to pity . He regarded suffering and death as the happy results of omnipotence and sovereign kindness . And the savour of the blood of victims rose upward towards him like sweet incense. He fell to condemning intelligence and to hating curiosity .

He himself refused to learn anything more, for fear that in acquiring fresh knowledge he might let it be seen that he had not known everything at the very outset. He took pleasure in mystery , and believing that he would seem less great by being understood , he affected to be unintelligible. Dense fumes of Theology filled his brain . One day, following the example of his predecessor, he conceived the notion of proclaiming himself one god in three persons . Seeing Arcade smile as this proclamation was made, he drove him from his presence. Istar and Zita had long since returned to earth . Thus centuries passed like seconds. Now, one day, from the altitude of his throne, he plunged his gaze into the depths of the pit and saw Ialdabaoth in the Gehenna where he himself had long lain enchained. Amid the ever lasting gloom Ialdabaoth still retained his lofty mien. Blackened and shattered, terrible and sublime, he glanced upwards at the palace of the King of Heaven with a look of proud disdain, then turned away his head. And the new god, as he looked upon his foe , beheld the light of intelligence and love pass across his sorrow-stricken countenance. And lo!

Ialdabaoth was now contemplating the Earth and, seeing it sunk in wickedness and suffering, he began to foster thoughts of kindliness in his heart . On a sudden he rose up, and beating the ether with his mighty arms, as though with oars, he hastened thither to instruct and to console mankind . Already his vast shadow shed upon the unhappy planet a shade soft as a night of love . And Satan awoke bathed in an icy sweat. Nectaire, Istar, Arcade, and Zita were standing round him. The finches were singing . "Comrades," said the great archangel, "no — we will not conquer the heavens. Enough to have the power . War engenders war, and victory defeat. " God , conquered, will become Satan ; Satan, conquering, will become God. May the fates spare me this terrible lot; I love the Hell which formed my genius . I love the Earth where I have done some good , if it be possible to do any good in this fearful world where beings live but by rapine.

Now, thanks to us, the god of old is dispossessed of his terrestrial empire, and every thinking being on this globe disdains him or knows him not. But what matter that men should be no longer submissive to Ialdabaoth if the spirit of Ialdabaoth is still in them; if they, like him, are jealous , violent , quarrelsome, and greedy , and the foes of the arts and of beauty ? What matter that they have rejected the ferocious Demiurge, if they do not hearken to the friendly demons who teach all truths ; to Dionysus , Apollo , and the Muses ? As to ourselves, celestial spirits, sublime demons, we have destroyed Ialdabaoth, our Tyrant , if in ourselves we have destroyed Ignorance and Fear ." And Satan, turning to the gardener , said: "Nectaire, you fought with me before the birth of the world . We were conquered because we failed to understand that Victory is a Spirit , and that it is in ourselves and in ourselves alone that we must attack and destroy Ialdabaoth." Ch. XXXV Apparently an invention by Maurice Sachs ; see discussion in Quotes about Proust .

Quotes about France[ edit ] As a literary figure he stands alone ; neither by his distinctly Parisian refinement of method, nor yet by any definite characteristic of style , can he be successfully attached to any special group of writers . ~ Lafcadio Hearn He had lost no opportunity of poking fun at the Church. He was everything that the clericals and revanchistes, the people who first preached that the Boche must never be allowed to recover and afterwards sucked the blacking off Hitler ’s boots, most detested. ~ George Orwell If by Realism we mean Truth , which alone gives value to any study of human nature , we have in Anatole France a very dainty realist: — if by Romanticism we understand that unconscious tendency of the artist to elevate truth itself beyond the range of the familiar, and into the emotional realm of aspiration, then Anatole France is at times a romantic. And, nevertheless, as a literary figure he stands alone; neither by his distinctly Parisian refinement of method, nor yet by any definite characteristic of style, can he be successfully attached to any special group of writers.

Lafcadio Hearn , in his introduction to his translation of The Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard (1918) When Anatole France died, twenty years ago, his reputation suffered one of those sudden slumps to which highbrow writers who have lived long enough to become popular are especially liable. In France , according to the charming French custom, vicious personal attacks were made upon him while he lay dying and when he was freshly dead. A particularly venomous one was written by Pierre Drieu la Rochelle , afterwards to become a collaborator of the Nazis . In England , also, it was discovered that Anatole France was no good. A few years later than this a young man attached to a weekly paper (I met him afterwards in Paris and found that he could not buy a tram ticket without assistance) solemnly assured me that Anatole France ‘wrote very bad French’. France was, it seemed, a vulgar, spurious and derivative writer whom everyone could now ‘see through’. Round about the same time, similar discoveries were being made about Bernard Shaw and Lytton Strachey : but curiously enough all three writers have remained very readable, while most of their detractors are forgotten.

How far the revulsion against Anatole France was genuinely literary I do not know. Certainly he had been overpraised, and one must at times get tired of a writer so mannered and so indefatigably pornographic. But it is unquestionable that he was attacked partly from political motives. He may or may not have been a great writer, but he was one of the symbolic figures in the politico-literary dogfight which has been raging for a hundred years or more. The clericals and reactionaries hated him in just the same way as they hated Zola . Anatole France had championed Dreyfus , which needed considerable courage , he had debunked Joan of Arc , he had written a comic history of France; above all, he had lost no opportunity of poking fun at the Church. He was everything that the clericals and revanchistes, the people who first preached that the Boche must never be allowed to recover and afterwards sucked the blacking off Hitler ’s boots, most detested. … He was willing to work for Socialism, even to deliver lectures on it in draughty halls, and he knew that it was both necessary and inevitable, but it is doubtful whether he subjectively wanted it.

The world, he once said, would get about as much relief from the coming of Socialism as a sick man gets from turning over in bed. In a crisis he was ready to identify himself with the working class, but the thought of a Utopian future depressed him, as can be seen from his book, La Pierre Blanche. … Temperamentally he was not a Socialist but a Radical. At this date that is probably the rarer animal of the two, and it is his Radicalism, his passion for liberty and intellectual honesty , that give their special colour to the four novels about Monsieur Bergeret. George Orwell , in "As I Please" in The Tribune (23 June 1944), reprinted in I Have Tried to Tell the Truth: 1943-1944 (2001) The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal bread. - Everything2.com The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich as well as the poor to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets, and to steal bread.

by gate Mon Nov 21 2005 at 20:43:08 One of the most famous quotes of Anatole France (the pen-name of Jacques Anatole Francois Thibault , 1844-1924), winner of the 1921 Nobel Prize for Literature and supporter of the French Communist Party (he was French). It is from the tragic love story The Red Lily ( Le Lys Rouge ), 1894 , chapter 7. As one person has put it, allowing the stealing of bread is hardly fair for the baker - and it wouldn't be much of a society, with everyone running around sleeping under bridges, begging, and stealing. However, faced with the limited options available to the poor, hungry, and unemployed, breaking existing law s may be only way to survive. It is the laws that need to be changed - laws that were written to protect the wealthy and the powerful, but defended by working class soldiers and police officers. While stealing bread doesn't make for a successful society, other currently illegal actions may be necessary in the formation of a just society. Strike s, for example, were once illegal.

However, through the tireless work of generations of workers, strikes are now part of the legal framework - though limited in many situations (for example, governments can force striking workers back to work in certain instances, under the same conditions they were striking against). If laws are supposed to provide for the greater good of the society, those laws, which when applied, work against it must be ignored and abolished. This is difficult, however, when the wealthy have a far greater influence on the politics of the country than everyone else. The Red Lily is apparently in the public domain . Its full text can be found at the following places: Category:Law | Blog Wiki | Fandom powered by Wikia Talk0 Law is a system of rules, usually enforced through a set of institutions. It shapes politics, economics and society in numerous ways. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading swaptions on a derivatives market. Property law defines rights and obligations related to transfer and title of personal and real property, for instance, in mortgaging or renting a home. Trust law applies to assets held for investment and financial security, such as pension funds. Tort law allows claims for compensation when someone or their property is injured or harmed.

If the harm is criminalized in a penal code, criminal law offers means by which the state prosecutes and punishes the perpetrator. Constitutional law provides a framework for creating laws, protecting people's human rights, and electing political representatives. Administrative law relates to the activities of administrative agencies of government. International law regulates affairs between sovereign nation-states in everything from trade to the environment to military action. "The rule of law", wrote the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle in 350 BC, "is better than the rule of any individual." Legal systems around the world elaborate legal rights and responsibilities in different ways. A basic distinction is made between civil law jurisdictions and systems using common law. Some countries persist in basing their law on religious texts. Scholars investigate the nature of law through many perspectives, including legal history and philosophy, or social sciences such as economics and sociology. The study of law raises important questions about equality, fairness and justice, which are not always simple.

"In its majestic equality", said the author Anatole France in 1894, "the law forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets and steal loaves of bread." The most important institutions for law are the judiciary, the legislature, the executive, its bureaucracy, the military and police, the legal profession and civil society. Kuehl Prop 32 Pinterest3 In 1894, in Le Lys Rouge, Anatole France wrote, “The law, in its majestic equality, forbids the rich and the poor alike to sleep under bridges, to beg in the streets and to steal bread.” Over time, this phrase, (probably along with “Let them eat cake”), has become the enduring expression of those things that sound like equality but, in ignoring differences in station, circumstance or means, become absurd, because, in reality, they would only be applied to one of the two groups allegedly being treated in equal fashion. Such is the case with Prop 32. This proposition would bar contributions of funds for “political purposes” (further defined below) only if those funds were collected throughpayroll deductions.

The measure is crafted to look as though it is limiting the ability of both unions and corporations to make campaign contributions to candidates or measures, but, in truth, it would place a far greater burden on unions, because they, and not corporations, aggregate their funds through payroll deductions. What Is The Current Law on Campaign Finance? Prop 32 is an amendment to California’s campaign finance and disclosure laws and has no effect on federal candidates or officials. In addition, some local governments have campaign finance and disclosure requirements for their local candidates, ballot measures, etc. Currently, the amount that individuals, groups and businesses may give to a state candidate or a committee that gives money directly to a state candidate is limited. For example, in 2012, an individual, group or business can give up to $3,900 to a candidate for a legislative office and the donor must be identified. In addition, “independent expenditures” (I.E.) can be used to support or oppose a candidate or ballot measure, so long as the committee doing the campaign does not coordinate with the candidate’s campaign. For example, an independent expenditure committee could urge you to vote for me or against me and I might not have any knowledge of what they’re doing.

Currently, there is no limit on the amount individuals, groups and businesses may give to an independent expenditure campaign but the amounts spent by the I.E. are reported. Finally, groups and businesses may communicate directly with their members, employees, or shareholders, asking them to support or oppose someone or some measure, without limits, and no reporting is required. All of these sorts of expenditures would be barred in Prop 32 only if the funds supporting them were collected by payroll deduction. Prop 32 Limits Political Expenditures From Payroll Deductions This is the provision in the proposal that creates the major inequality. Currently, employers are allowed or required to withhold money from an employee’s paycheck under limited circumstances, such as Social Security, income taxes, medical plans and charitable deductions authorized by the employee. In addition, about two and a half million California workers either pay dues or an amount called a “fair share” fee (paid by non-union members who are benefiting from a collective bargaining agreement) to unions. In many cases, employers automatically deduct these dues and fees from employees’ paychecks and pass them on to the union. A number of unions use a portion of these dues and fees for political contributions and independent expenditures or to communicate about political races with their members.

Non-members who pay fair share fees are allowed to opt out of this portion. For the most part, corporations and businesses do not deduct money from their employees’ payroll to pay for political expenditures, but, rather, donate to candidates through political action committees and other means out of their profit or other corporate funds. Prop 32 bans only the use of monies collected by payroll deduction, the primary way unions, but not others, aggregate political money, from being used for all “political purposes”, including direct contributions to candidates or measures, independent expenditure committees, member communications related to campaigns or other expenditures meant to influence voters. Prop 32 Bans Both Corporations and Unions From Making Direct Contributions In addition, under the Proposition, no matter how the funds were collected or aggregated, neither unions nor corporations will be able to make any political contributions directly to a candidate or to a committee that passes the money through to a candidate. Nothing in the proposition, however, affects the ability of any of these entities to affect elections through independent expenditures, providing the funds don’t come from payroll deductions.

And Also Bans Government Contractors from Giving to Those Who Contract F[d/c]inally, Prop 32 bars government contractors, including public sector labor unions, from contributing to elected officials who affect their contracts from the time the contract is being considered to the date the contract expires. Most likely, for public sector unions, this time period would be relatively perpetual. The measure does not seem to limit contributions to electeds by an entity negotiating for zoning waivers, or projects that might benefit the entity but not involve direct contractual payments. Sheila Kuehl W.E.B. Du Bois at WEBDuBois.org : Home Page research project on the IASC. — Robert W. Williams [ Bio ] Welcome W.E.B. Du Bois (1868-1963) is widely recognized as a significant figure: for his pursuit of social justice, for his literary imagination, and for his pioneering scholarly research. He is read with profit today in the academic fields of sociology, literature, and history, and in the trans-disciplinary realms of urban studies and gender studies. Nevertheless, Du Bois was, and remains still, a contentious figure. W.E.B. DuBois challenged the oppressive dimensions of the society in which he lived.

His increasingly radical stances on the political and economic issues of his day, as well as his emigration to Ghana, heightened his controversy in some circles. For many, time has not lessened the more provocative aspects of his life. In a world that can be improved to promote the highest ideals of knowledge, peace, and love, I would like to think that the progressive spirit of Du Bois lives on. . . . But where in the wide world? Perhaps. . . . Here, there -- and anywhere with a connection to the Web. On WEBDuBois.org, how is where. High-tech communications permits wider and speedier interactivity across the globe itself. It is an interconnectivity which challenges what we mean by the terms "global" and "local" even as it brings us in "virtually" closer proximity to one another. Yet all jubilation over high-tech aside, I am also aware that there is a digital divide which separates the electronically outfitted, jacked-in, and techno savvy from those less technologically equipped and trained. It is a divide that spotlights the unequal material relationships in which we as humans are implicated.

Such disparaties would probably alarm Du Bois, and might have provided him with further evidence of poverty amidst plenty (or maybe because of it). This site will showcase various aspects of Du Bois' life and thinking. On the Sources page I offer links to the freely available texts written by and about Du Bois. The online texts range from sociological and literary works to those of biography and political activism. On the About page, I list links to sources covering numerous aspects of his life and biography. On the Research page are links to the full texts of several hard-to-find-online essays by DuBois; they are housed on this site. I have annotated many of those DuBoisan texts with comments and external links to material available on the Internet. Also, and to assist you in locating items on this site, I have provided a Search feature and a Site map , which lists the various web pages herein. At a site focused on W.E.B. DuBois -- and indeed for that very reason -- I will end my welcoming message via a trenchantly sharp quotation from another writer.

Anatole France in The Red Lily (1894) wrote: The law, in its majestic equality, forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets or steal bread. Du Bois' spirit remains vital and cogent even today. —Robert W. Williams, Ph.D. [ Bio ] Pages : Updated legalstudies - trusteduguide legalstudies Home About Me List Of Courses Edu-Updates Edu-Tips Downloads Contacts Law is a system of rules usually enforced through a set of institutions. Law affects everyday life and society in a variety of ways. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading swaptions on a derivatives market. Property law defines rights and obligations related to transfer and title of personal and real property, for instance, in mortgaging or renting a home. Trust law applies to assets held for investment and financial security, such as pension funds. Tort law allows claims for compensation when someone or their property is injured or harmed. If the harm is criminalized in a penal code, criminal law offers means by which the state prosecutes and punishes the perpetrator. Constitutional law provides a framework for creating laws, protecting people's human rights, and electing political representatives.

Administrative law relates to the activities of administrative agencies of government. International law regulates affairs between sovereign nation-states in everything from trade to the environment to military action. "The rule of law", wrote the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle in 350 BC, "is better than the rule of any individual." Legal systems around the world elaborate legal rights and responsibilities in different ways. Laws and legal systems reflect the society and culture out of which they arise. A basic distinction is made between civil law jurisdictions and systems using common law. Some countries base their law on religious texts, while in others traditional customary law or Socialist legal theories are strong influences. Scholars investigate the nature of law through many perspectives, including legal history and philosophy, or social sciences such as economics and sociology. The study of law raises important questions about equality, fairness and justice, which are not always simple. "In its majestic equality", said the author Anatole France in 1894, "the law forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets and steal loaves of bread." The most important institutions for law are the judiciary, the legislature, the executive, its bureaucracy, the military and police, the legal profession and civil society.

Go through the following ads in detail to learn more about the related subject. In addition to the qualifications required to become a practicing lawyer, legal education also encompasses higher degrees such as doctorates, for more advanced academic study. In many countries other than the United States, law is an undergraduate degree. Graduates of such a program are eligible to become lawyers by passing the country's equivalent of a bar exam. In such countries, graduate programs in law enable students to embark on academic careers or become specialized in a particular area of law. Lawyers plead the cases of their clients in court. They represent their client’s opinions before the state and endeavor to negotiate a favorable verdict. At the apex are the judges and state judicial officers appointed by the government and at the lower end of the pyramidal structure are the lawyers. Lawyers may specialize in specific areas which define their choice of job. Civil lawyers learn civil law, criminal lawyers practice criminal law. Other specializations include corporate law, labour law, and constitutional law etc. Job description: Fresh lawyers can initially associate with a senior to learn the ethics and deceptions of the deal. After gaining in experience, he can either put up private practice or join legal department of public sector organizations. Alternately he can join the training sector.

For any queries & admission guidance to the above said or any other courses, please feel free to contact us. President Obama Defends Black Lives Matter - The Atlantic The Atlantic Obama Defends Black Lives Matter Kevin Lamarque / Reuters In my piece this morning on criminal justice reform, I noted that the Marshall Project would be hosting a related panel discussion today with President Obama, Los Angeles Police Chief Charlie Beck, and U.S. Attorney for the District of Colorado John Walsh. The entire hour-long discussion, moderated by Marshall Project editor-in-chief Bill Keller, can now be viewed on their website . I wanted to highlight a specific moment towards the end of the discussion where Obama addresses the racial dimension of criminal-justice reform. In it, he gives a lengthy defense of the Black Lives Matter movement and the phrase “black lives matter” itself, while also trying to balance the concerns and needs of law-enforcement officials. Obama takes a much more nuanced approach to the issue than I can fairly summarize in a few quotes, so I’ve typed up his full statement, seen below.

I also encourage you to watch his remarks in the video I linked to above (beginning at about 46:45) so you can see his tone and demeanor as he navigates this complex issue. I want to drive home one point and that is the relationship between race and the criminal-justice system because this is sometimes where politics intrudes. Black Lives Matter is a social media movement that has tried to gel around Ferguson and the Eric Garner case and some other cases that came up, and very rapidly it was posited as being in opposition to the police. And sometimes like any of these loose organizations, some people pop off and say dumb things. On the other hand, though, it started being lifted up as, “These folks are opposed to police, and they’re opposed to cops, and all lives matter,” so the notion was somehow saying black lives matter was reverse racism, or suggesting that other people's lives didn’t matter, police officers’ lives didn’t matter. Whenever we get bogged down in that kind of discussion, we know where that goes. I mean, that’s just down the old track. So let me just suggest this: I think everybody understands that all lives matter. Everybody wants strong, effective law enforcement.

Everybody wants their kids to be safe when they’re walking to school. Nobody wants to see police officers who are doing their job fairly hurt. Everybody understands that it’s a dangerous job. I think the reason the organizers used the phrase “black lives matter” was not because they were suggesting that nobody else’s lives mattered. Rather, what they were suggesting was there is a specific problem that is happening in African American communities that is not happening in other communities. And that is a legitimate issue that we’ve got to address. I forget which French writer said there was a law that passed that really was equal because rich and poor were forbidden from stealing loaves of bread and sleeping under the bridge. * So here’s—that’s not a good definition of equality. There is a specific concern as to whether African Americans are sometimes not treated in particular jurisdictions fairly or subject to excessive force more frequently.

I think it’s important for those who are concerned about that to back it up with data, not anecdote, to not paint with a broad brush, to understand that the overwhelming majority of law enforcement is doing the right thing and wants to do the right thing, to recognize that police officers have a really tough job, and we’re sending them into really tough neighborhoods that sometimes are really dangerous, and they’ve got to make split-second decisions, and so we shouldn’t be too sanctimonious about situations that can sometimes be ambiguous. But having said all that, we as a society, particularly given our history, have to take this seriously. And one of the ways of avoiding the politics of this and losing the moment is everybody just stepping back for a second and understanding that the African American community is not just making this up. It’s not just something being politicized. It’s real. And there’s a history behind it. And we have to take it seriously. And it’s incumbent then upon the activists to also take seriously the tough job that police have. And that’s one of the things that the post-Ferguson task force did. We had activists who were marching in Ferguson with police chiefs and law enforcement, sitting down and hearing this stuff out.

And just assuming good faith in other people, going to the issue of people being cynical, I think is important. I’ve rarely gotten something accomplished assuming the worst in other people. Usually it works better if I assume the best. I just wanted to make that point. * The writer to whom Obama refers is Anatole France, a celebrated 19th-century novelist and poet who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1921. In his 1894 novel Le Lys Rouge, which translates to The Red Lily in English, France wrote, “In its majestic equality, the law forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets, and steal loaves of bread.” More Notes From The Atlantic

Question: Who wrote, in 1894: "In its majestic equality, the law forbids rich and poor alike to sleep under bridges, beg in the streets and steal a loaf of bread"?
Answer: Anatole France