Postmortem rigidity - definition of postmortem rigidity by The Free Dictionary Postmortem rigidity - definition of postmortem rigidity by The Free Dictionary [Latin : rigor, stiffness + mortis, genitive of mors, death.] rigor mortis (ˈrɪɡə ˈmɔːtɪs) n (Pathology) pathol the stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity of a dead body, caused by depletion of ATP in the tissues. It begins two to four hours after death and lasts up to about four days, after which the muscles and joints relax [C19: Latin, literally: rigidity of death] rig•or mor•tis (ˈrɪg ər ˈmɔr tɪs; esp. Brit. ˈraɪ gɔr) n. the stiffening of the body after death. [1830–40; < Latin: literally, stiffness of death] rig·or mor·tis (rĭg′ər môr′tĭs) Stiffening of the muscles after death. It occurs because the energy needed to interrupt the contraction of muscle fibers is no longer being produced.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: Rigimortis - definition of Rigimortis by The Free Dictionary Rigimortis - definition of Rigimortis by The Free Dictionary [Latin : rigor, stiffness + mortis, genitive of mors, death.] rigor mortis (ˈrɪɡə ˈmɔːtɪs) n (Pathology) pathol the stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity of a dead body, caused by depletion of ATP in the tissues. It begins two to four hours after death and lasts up to about four days, after which the muscles and joints relax [C19: Latin, literally: rigidity of death] rig•or mor•tis (ˈrɪg ər ˈmɔr tɪs; esp. Brit. ˈraɪ gɔr) n. the stiffening of the body after death. [1830–40; < Latin: literally, stiffness of death] rig·or mor·tis (rĭg′ər môr′tĭs) Stiffening of the muscles after death. It occurs because the energy needed to interrupt the contraction of muscle fibers is no longer being produced.

ThesaurusAntonymsRelated WordsSynonymsLegend: Rigor mortis | Define Rigor mortis at Dictionary.com rigor mortis [rig-er mawr-tis, or, esp. British, rahy-gawr] /ˈrɪg ər ˈmɔr tɪs, or, esp. British, ˈraɪ gɔr/ Spell the stiffening of the body after death. Origin of rigor mortis 1830-40; < Latin: literally, stiffness of death Dictionary.com Unabridged Examples from the Web for rigor mortis Expand Contemporary Examples I bedded down for this debate, Scotch in hand, expecting to be bored five ways to rigor mortis. Lord Randolph Churchill Winston Spencer Churchill rigor mortis is generally slight, and, according to Lind and to von Opitz, decomposition takes place rapidly. British Dictionary definitions for rigor mortis Expand noun 1. (pathol) the stiffness of joints and muscular rigidity of a dead body, caused by depletion of ATP in the tissues.

It begins two to four hours after death and lasts up to about four days, after which the muscles and joints relax Word Origin C19: Latin, literally: rigidity of death Collins English Dictionary - Complete & Unabridged 2012 Digital Edition © William Collins Sons & Co. Ltd. 1979, 1986 © HarperCollins Publishers 1998, 2000, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2012 Word Origin and History for rigor mortis Expand "stiffening of the body caused by contraction of muscles after death," 1837, from Latin rigor "stiffness" (see rigor ) + mortis, genitive of mors "death" (see mortal ). Online Etymology Dictionary, © 2010 Douglas Harper rigor mortis rigor mor·tis (môr'tĭs) n. Muscular stiffening following death. Also called postmortem rigidity.

The American Heritage® Stedman's Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2002, 2001, 1995 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. rigor mortis (rĭg'ər môr'tĭs) Muscular stiffening following death, resulting from the unavailability of energy needed to interrupt contraction of the muscle fibers. The American Heritage® Science Dictionary Copyright © 2002. Published by Houghton Mifflin. All rights reserved. Expand rigor mortis [(rig-uhr mawr-tis)] Stiffening of the muscles of the body that occurs after death. Rigor mortis is Latin for “stiffness of death.” Note: Figuratively, rigor mortis refers to an absence of flexibility or vitality: “By the time the school finally closed, rigor mortis had set in in nearly every department.” The American Heritage® New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, Third Edition Copyright © 2005 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Published by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Appendix:List of Latin phrases (P–Z) - Wiktionary Appendix:List of Latin phrases (P–Z) Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary Appendix:List of Latin phrases (F–O) Appendix:List of Latin phrases (P–Z) This appendix lists direct English translations of Latin phrases. Some of the phrases are themselves translations of Greek phrases, as Greek rhetoric and literature reached its peak centuries before that of Ancient Rome: Contents pace "with peace" Loosely, "be at peace", "with due deference to", "by leave of" or "no offense to". Used to politely acknowledge someone who disagrees with the speaker or writer. pace tua Also "contracts must be honored". Indicates the binding power of treaties. panem et circenses "bread and circuses" From Juvenal, Satire X , line 81. Originally described all that was needed for emperors to placate the Roman mob. Today used to describe any entertainment used to distract public attention from more important matters. parens patriae "parent of the nation" A public policy requiring courts to protect the best interests of any child involved in a lawsuit. See also Pater Patriae.

pari passu Thus, "moving together", "simultaneously", etc. parva sub ingenti "the small under the huge" Implies that the weak are under the protection of the strong, rather than that they are inferior. Motto of Prince Edward Island . passim "here and there" Less literally, "throughout" or "frequently". Said of a word that occurs several times in a cited texts. Also used in proof reading , where it refers to a change that is to be repeated everywhere needed. pater familias "father of the family" Or "master of the house". The eldest male in a family, who held patria potestas ("paternal power"). In Roman law , a father had enormous power over his children, wife, and slaves, though these rights dwindled over time. Derived from the phrase pater familias, an Old Latin expression preserving the archaic -as ending. A euphemism for the British Empire . Adapted from Pax Romana. pax Dei Used in the Peace and Truce of God movement in 10th-Century France.

Pax Deorum "Peace of the Gods" Like the vast majority of inhabitants of the ancient world, the Romans practiced pagan rituals, believing it important to achieve a state of Pax Deorum (The Peace of the Gods) instead of Ira Deorum (The Wrath of the Gods). pax et bonum "peace and the good" Motto of St. Francis of Assisi and, consequently, of his monastery in Assisi , in the Umbria region of Italy . Translated in Italian as pace e bene. pax et lux Pax Sinica "Chinese Peace" A euphemism for periods of peace in East Asia during times of strong Chinese imperialism . Adapted from Pax Romana. pax vobiscum "peace [be] with you" A common farewell. The " you " is plural ("you all"), so the phrase must be used when speaking to more than one person; pax tecum is the form used when speaking to only one person.

pecunia non olet "the money doesn't smell" According to Suetonius , when Emperor Vespasian was challenged by his son Titus for taxing the public lavatories , the emperor held up a coin before his son and asked whether it smelled or simply said non olet ("it doesn't smell"). From this, the phrase was expanded to pecunia non olet, or rarely aes non olet ("copper doesn't smell"). "if you can use money, money is your slave; if you can't, money is your master" Written on a old Latin tablet in downtown Verona (Italy). pendent opera interrupta From the Aeneid of Virgil , Book IV. per "By, through, by means of" See specific phrases below. per ardua ad astra "through adversity to the stars" Motto of the British Royal Air Force , the Royal Australian Air Force , the Royal Canadian Air Force , and the Royal New Zealand Air Force . The phrase was derived from H. Rider Haggard 's famous novel The People of the Mist, and was selected and approved as a motto for the Royal Flying Corps on March 15 , 1913 .

In 1929, the Royal Australian Air Force decided to adopt it as well. per aspera ad astra "through hardships to the stars" From Seneca the Younger . Motto of NASA and the South African Air Force . A common variant, ad astra per aspera ("to the stars through hardships"), is the state motto of Kansas . Ad Astra ("To the Stars") is the title of a magazine published by the National Space Society . De Profundus Ad Astra ("From the depths to the stars.") is the motto of the LASFS . per capsulam (per pro) "through the agency" Also rendered per procurationem. Used to indicate that a person is signing a document on behalf of another person. Correctly placed before the name of the person signing, but often placed before the name of the person on whose behalf the document is signed, sometimes through incorrect translation of the alternative abbreviation per pro. as "for and on behalf of". per quod "by reason of which" In a UK legal context: "by reason of which" (as opposed to per se which requires no reasoning). In American jurisprudence often refers to a spouse's claim for loss of consortium.

per rectum pia mater "pious mother" Or "tender mother". Translated into Latin from Arabic. The delicate innermost of the three membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord. pinxit "one painted" Thus, "he painted this" or "she painted this". Formerly used on works of art, next to the artist's name. pluralis majestatis "plural of majesty" The first-person plural pronoun when used by an important personage to refer to himself or herself; also known as the "royal we". pollice verso "with a turned thumb" Used by Roman crowds to pass judgment on a defeated gladiator. It is uncertain whether the thumb was turned up , down , or concealed inside one's hand. Also the name of a famous painting depicting gladiators by Jean-Léon Gérôme . pons asinorum "bridge of asses" Any obstacle that stupid people find hard to cross. Originally used of Euclid 's Fifth Proposition in geometry . Pontifex Maximus "Greatest High Priest" Or "Supreme Pontiff". Originally an epithet of the Roman Emperors , and later a traditional epithet of the pope .

The pontifices were the most important priestly college of the ancient Roman religion ; their name is usually thought to derive from pons facere ("to make a bridge"), which in turn is usually linked to their religious authority over the bridges of Rome, especially the Pons Sublicius . posse comitatus "to be able to attend" Thus, to be able to be made into part of a retinue or force. In common law, posse comitatus is a sheriff's right to compel people to assist law enforcement in unusual situations. post aut propter "after it or by means of it" Causality between two phenomena is not established (cf. post hoc, ergo propter hoc). post cibum Usually rendered postmortem. Not to be confused with post meridiem. post prandial "after the time before midday" Refers to the time after any meal. Usually rendered postprandial. post scriptum (p.s.) "after what has been written" A postscript . Used to mark additions to a letter, after the signature.

Can be extended to post post scriptum (p.p.s.) post tenebras lux "after darkness, light" A motto of the Protestant Reformation inscribed on the Reformation Wall in Geneva, Switzerland . A former motto of Chile , replaced by the current one, Por la Razón o la Fuerza (Spanish: "By Right or Might"). Another obsolete motto is aut concilio aut ense. prima facie "at first sight" Used to designate evidence in a trial which is suggestive, but not conclusive, of something (e.g., a person's guilt). prima luce " prime mover " Or "first moving one". A common theological term, such as in the cosmological argument , based on the assumption that God was the first entity to "move" or "cause" anything. Aristotle was one of the first philosophers to discuss the "uncaused cause", a hypothetical originator—and violator of— causality . primum non nocere "first, to not harm" A medical precept.

Often falsely attributed to the Hippocratic Oath , though its true source is probably a paraphrase from Hippocrates ' Epidemics, where he wrote, "Declare the past, diagnose the present, foretell the future; practice these acts. As to diseases, make a habit of two things: to help, or at least to do no harm." A title of the Roman Emperors (cf. princeps ). principia probant non probantur "principles prove; they are not proved" Fundamental principles require no proof; they are assumed a priori. prior tempore potior iure "earlier in time, stronger in law" A legal principle that older laws take precedent over newer ones. Another name for this principle is lex posterior. pro bono "for the good" The full phrase is pro bono publico ("for the public good"). Said of work undertaken voluntarily at no expense, such as public services . Often used of a lawyer 's work that is not charged for. pro Brasilia fiant eximia quem di diligunt adulescens moritur "he whom the gods love dies young" Other translations of diligunt include "prize especially" or "esteem".

From Plautus , Bacchides, IV, 7, 18. In this comic play, a sarcastic servant says this to his aging master. The rest of the sentence reads: dum valet sentit sapit ("while he is healthy, perceptive and wise"). questio quid iuris From the Summoner's section of Chaucer 's General Prologue to the Canterbury Tales , line 648. qui bono Common nonsensical Dog Latin misrendering of the Latin phrase cui bono ("who benefits?"). qui pro quo literally qui instead of quo ( medieval Latin ) Unused in English, but common in other modern languages (for instance Italian and Polish). Used as a noun , indicates a misunderstanding. Trivia: The expression "quid pro quo" is not used in Italian. An exchange of favours is indicated by "do ut des", another Latin expression meaning "I give in order that you give". qui tacet consentire videtur "he who is silent is taken to agree" Thus, silence gives consent. Sometimes accompanied by the proviso "ubi loqui debuit ac potuit", that is, "when he ought to have spoken and was able to".

qui transtulit sustinet "he who transplanted still sustains" Or "he who brought us across still supports us", meaning God . State motto of Connecticut . Originally written as sustinet qui transtulit in 1639. quia suam uxorem etiam suspiciore vacare vellet "because he should wish even his wife to be free from suspicion" Attributed to Julius Caesar by Plutarch , Caesar 10. Translated loosely as "because even the wife of Caesar may not be suspected". At the feast of Bona Dea , a sacred festival for females only, which was being held at the Domus Publica, the home of the Pontifex Maximus , Caesar, and hosted by his second wife, Pompeia , the notorious rhetorian Clodius arrived in disguise. Caught by the outraged noblewomen, Clodius fled before they could kill him on the spot for sacrilege. In the ensuing trial, allegations arose that Pompeia and Clodius were having an affair, and while Caesar asserted that this was not the case and no substantial evidence arose suggesting otherwise, he nevertheless divorced, with this quotation as explanation.

quid est veritas In the Vulgate translation of John 18:38, Pilate 's question to Jesus . quid novi ex Africa "What of the new out of Africa?" Less literally, "What's new from Africa?" Derived from an Aristotle quotation. quid pro quo "what for what" Also translated "this for that" or "a thing for a thing". Signifies a favor exchanged for a favor.' Trivia: The expression "quid pro quo" is not used in Italian. An exchange of favours is indicated by "do ut des", another Latin expression meaning "I give in order that you give". quid nunc "What now?" Commonly shortened to quidnunc. As a noun, a quidnunc is a busybody or a gossip. Patrick Campbell worked for The Irish Times under the pseudonym "Quidnunc". quidquid Latine dictum sit altum viditur "whatever has been said in Latin seems deep" Or "anything said in Latin sounds profound". A recent ironic Latin phrase to poke fun at people who seem to use Latin phrases and quotations only to make themselves sound more important or "educated".

Similar to the less common omnia dicta fortiora si dicta latina. quis custodiet ipsos custodes? "Who will guard the guards themselves?" From Juvenal 's On Women , originally referring to the practice of having eunuchs guard women and beginning with the word sed ("but"). Usually translated less literally, as "Who watches the watchmen?" This translation is a common epigraph , such as of the Tower Commission and Alan Moore 's Watchmen comic book series. quis ut Deus "Who [is] as God?" Usually translated "Who is like unto God?" Questions who would have the audacity to compare himself to a Supreme Being. quo errat demonstrator A pun on quod erat demonstrandum. quo fata ferunt quo usque tandem "For how much longer?" From Cicero 's Ad Catilinam speech to the Roman Senate regarding the conspiracy of Catiline : quo usque tandem abutere Catilina patientia nostra ("For how much longer, Catiline, will you abuse our patience?").

quo vadis "Where are you going?" According to John 13:36, Saint Peter asked Jesus Domine, quo vadis ("Lord, where are you going?") on the Appian Way in Rome . The King James Version has the translation "Lord, whither goest thou?" quod erat demonstrandum ( Q.E.D. ) "which was to be demonstrated" The abbreviation is often written at the bottom of a mathematical proof . Sometimes translated loosely into English as "The Five Ws", W.W.W.W.W. , which stands for "Which Was What We Wanted". quod erat faciendum (Q.E.F) "which was to be done" Or "which was to be constructed". Used by Euclid in his Elements when there was nothing to prove, but there was something be constructed, for example a triangle with the same size as a given line. quod est quod gratis asseritur, gratis negatur "what is asserted without reason may be denied without reason" If no grounds have been given for an assertion, there is no need to provide grounds for contradicting it.

quod licet Iovi non licet bovi "what is permitted to Jupiter is not permitted to an ox" If an important person does something, it does not necessarily mean that everyone can do it (cf. double standard ). Iovi (also commonly rendered Jovi) is the dative form of Iuppiter ("Jupiter" or "Jove"), the chief god of the Romans. quod me nutrit me destruit "what nourishes me destroys me" Thought to have originated with Elizabethan playwright Christopher Marlowe . Generally interpreted to mean that that which motivates or drives a person can consume him or her from within. This phrase has become a popular slogan or motto for pro-ana websites, anorexics and bulimics . In this case the phrase is literally describing food. quod natura non dat Salmantica non praestat "what nature does not give, Salamanca does not provide" Refers to the Spanish University of Salamanca , meaning that education cannot substitute the lack of brains. quod vide (q.v.) "which see" Used after a term or phrase that should be looked up elsewhere in the current document or book.

For more than one term or phrase, the plural is quae vide (qq.v.) ratione soli "by account of the ground" Or "according to the soil". Assigning property rights to a thing based on its presence on a landowner's property. re "in the matter of" More literally, "by the thing". From the ablative of res ("thing" or "circumstance"). Often used in e-mail replies. It is a common misconception that the "Re:" in e-mail replies stands for reply, response, or regarding, or is simply the prefix meaning "again". The use of Latin re, in the sense of "about, concerning", is English usage. Whether to leave it in Latin or to translate it may depend on the usage of the target language, but the Internet norm is to leave it in Latin. rebus sic stantibus "with matters standing thus" The doctrine that treaty obligations hold only as long as the fundamental conditions and expectations that existed at the time of their creation hold. reductio ad absurdum "leading back to the absurd" A common debate technique, and a method of proof in mathematics and philosophy, that proves the thesis by showing that its opposite is absurd or logically untenable.

In general usage outside mathematics and philosophy, a reductio ad absurdum is a tactic in which the logic of an argument is challenged by reducing the concept to its most absurd extreme. Translated from Aristotle 's "ἡ εις άτοπον απαγωγη" (hi eis atopon apagogi, "reduction to the impossible"). reductio ad infinitum "leading back to the infinite" An argument that creates an infinite series of causes that does not seem to have a beginning. As a fallacy, it rests upon Aristotle's notion that all things must have a cause, but that all series of causes must have a sufficient cause, that is, an unmoved mover. An argument which does not seem to have such a beginning becomes difficult to imagine. regnat populus "the people rule" State motto of Arkansas , adopted in 1907. Originally rendered in 1864 in the plural, regnant populi ("the peoples rule"), but subsequently changed to the singular.

Regnum Mariae Patrona Hungariae res gestae "things done" (1) A phrase used in law representing the belief that certain statements are made naturally, spontaneously and without deliberation during the course of an event, they leave little room for misunderstanding/misinterpretation upon hearing by someone else ( i.e. by the witness who will later repeat the statement to the court) and thus the courts believe that such statements carry a high degree of credibility. (2) In history, a Latin biography res ipsa loquitur "the thing speaks for itself" A phrase from the common law of torts meaning that negligence can be inferred from the fact that such an accident happened, without proof of exactly how. A mock Latin clause sometimes added on to the end of this phrase is sed quid in infernos dicit ("but what the hell does it say?"), which serves as a reminder that one must still interpret the significance of events that "speak for themselves". res judicata "judged thing" A matter which has been decided by a court. Often refers to the legal concept that once a matter has been finally decided by the courts, it cannot be litigated again (cf. non bis in idem and double jeopardy ).

respice finem "look back at the end" i.e., "have regard for the end" or "consider the end". Generally a memento mori , a warning to remember one's death. respiciendum est iudicanti ne quid aut durius aut remissius constituatur quam causa deposcit nec enim aut severitatis aut clementiae gloria affectanda est "the judge must see that no order be made or judgment given or sentence passed either more harshly or more mildly than the case requires; he must not seek renown, either as a severe or as a tender-hearted judge" A maxim on the conduct of judges. respondeat superior "let the superior respond" Regarded as a legal maxim in agency law, referring to the legal liability of the principal with respect to an employee. Whereas a hired independent contract acting tortiously may not cause the principal to be legally liable, a hired employee acting tortiously will cause the principal (the employer) to be legally liable, even if the employer did nothing wrong. res nullius "nobody's thing" Goods without an owner.

Used for things or beings which belong to nobody and are up for grabs, e.g., uninhabited and uncolonized lands, wandering wild animals, etc. (cf. terra nullius, "no man's land"). rex regum fidelum et "king even of faithful kings" rigor mortis "stiffness of death" The rigidity of corpses when chemical reactions cause the limbs to stiffen about 3–4 hours after death. Other signs of death include drop in body temperature ( algor mortis , "cold of death") and discoloration ( livor mortis , "bluish color of death"). Romanes eunt domus "Romanes go the house" An intentionally garbled Latin phrase from Monty Python's Life of Brian .

Its translation is roughly, as said by a centurion in the movie, "'People called Romanes they go the house'", but its intended meaning is "Romans, go home!" When Brian is caught vandalizing the palace walls with this phrase, rather than punish him, the centurion corrects his Latin grammar , explaining that Romanus is a second declension noun and has its plural in -i rather than -es, that ire ("to go") must be in the imperative mood to denote a command, and that domus takes the accusative case without a preposition as the object. The final result of this lesson is the correct Latin phrase Romani ite domum . rosa rubicundior lilio candidior omnibus formosior semper in te glorior "redder than the rose, whiter than the lilies, fairer than all things, I do ever glory in thee" rus in urbe "Farm in the city" Generally used to refer to a haven of peace and quiet within an urban setting, often a garden, but can refer to interior decoration.

salus populi suprema lex esto "the welfare of the people is to be the highest law" From Cicero 's De Legibus, book III, part III, sub. VIII. Quoted by John Locke in his Second Treatise, On Civil Government, to describe the proper organization of government. Also the state motto of Missouri and of Harrow. salva veritate Salvator Mundi "Savior of the World" Christian epithet, usually referring to Jesus . The title of paintings by Albrecht Dürer and Leonardo da Vinci . salvo errore et omissione "save for error and omission" Appears on statements of "account currents". salvo honoris titulo "save for title of honor" Sancta Sedes More literally, "Sacred Seat". Refers to the Papacy or the Holy See . Sancta Simplicitas sapere aude "dare to be wise" From Horace 's Epistularum liber primus , Epistle II, line 40. Popularized by its use in Kant 's What is Enlightenment? to define the Enlightenment .

Frequently used in mottos, such as for the University of Otago , University of New Brunswick , Phystech , Manchester Grammar School , town of Oldham , and the University of New Zealand before its dissolution. Sapientia et Doctrina Motto of Fordham University , New York. sapienti sat "enough for the wise" From Plautus . Indicates that something can be understood without any need for explanation, as long as the listener has enough wisdom or common sense. Often extended to dictum sapienti sat est ("enough has been said for the wise", commonly translated as "a word to the wise is enough"). semper fidelis "always faithful" Motto of Exeter and several other cities; more recently has become the motto of United States Marine Corps and the Swiss Grenadiers . Also the motto of the Rot-Weiss Oberhausen and Plymouth Argyle football clubs. The US Marines often abbreviate it to Semper Fi. semper paratus Motto of the United States Coast Guard and the United States Cavalry 's 12th Regiment.

semper reformanda "always reforming" A shortened form of a motto of the Protestant Reformation , Ecclesia reformata semper reformanda est secundu Verbum Dei ("the reformed Church must be always reforming according to the Word of God"), which refers to the Protestant position that the church must continually re-examine itself, reconsider its doctrines , and be prepared to accept change, in order to conform more closely to orthodox Christian belief as revealed in the Bible . The shortened form, semper reformanda, literally means "always about to be reformed", but the usual translation is taken from the full sentence where it is used in a passive periphrastic construction to mean "always reforming." semper ubi sub ubi "always where under where" A common English- New Latin translation joke . The phrase is nonsensical in Latin, but the English translation is a pun on "always wear underwear". Senatus Populusque Romanus "The Senate and the People of Rome" The official name of the Roman Republic . " SPQR " was carried on battle standards by the Roman legions . In addition to being an ancient Roman motto, it remains the motto of the modern city of Rome .

sensu stricto Less literally, "in the strict sense". Servo Permaneo Bovis Provestri "Save the Last Bullet for Yourself" Meaning "After giving it everything you've got against the enemy,save the last effort to save yourself". sesquipedalia verba "words a foot and a half long" From Horace 's Ars Poetica , "proicit ampullas et sesquipedalia verba" ("he throws down his high-flown language and his foot-and-a-half-long words"). A self-referential jab at long words and needlessly elaborate language in general. si peccasse negamus fallimur et nulla est in nobis veritas "if we refuse to make a mistake, we are deceived, and there's no truth in us" From Christopher Marlowe 's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus , where the phrase is translated "if we say that we have no sin, we deceive ourselves, and there's no truth in us". si quaeris peninsulam amoenam circumspice "if you seek a delightful peninsula, look around" State motto of Michigan , adopted in 1835.

Said to have been based on the tribute to architect Christopher Wren in St Paul's Cathedral , London , which reads si monumentum requiris circumspice ("if you seek a memorial, look around"). Si tacuisses, philosophus mansisses "If you had kept your silence, you would have stayed a philosopher" This quote is often attributed to the Latin philosopher Boethius of the late fifth and early sixth centuries. It translates literally as, "If you had been silent, you would have remained a philosopher." The phrase illustrates a common use of the subjunctive verb mood. Among other functions it expresses actions contrary to fact. Sir Humphrey Appleby translated it to the PM as: "If you'd kept your mouth shut we might have thought you were clever". si vales valeo (SVV) "if you are well, I am well" A common beginning for ancient Roman letters. Also extended to si vales bene est ego valeo ("if you are well, that is good; I am well"), abbreviated to SVBEEV . The practice fell out of fashion and into obscurity with the decline in Latin literacy.

si vis pacem para bellum "if you want peace, prepare for war" From Vegetius , Epitoma rei militaris. Origin of the name parabellum for some ammunition and firearms, such as the luger parabellum. sic "thus" Or "just so". States that the preceding quoted material appears exactly that way in the source, despite any errors of spelling, grammar, usage, or fact that may be present. Used only for previous quoted text; ita or similar must be used to mean "thus" when referring to something about to be stated. sic et non More simply, "yes and no". sic gorgiamus allos subjectatos nunc "we gladly feast on those who would subdue us" sic semper tyrannis "thus always to tyrants" State motto of Virginia , adopted in 1776. Attributed to Brutus at the time of Julius Caesar 's assassination, and to John Wilkes Booth at the time of Abraham Lincoln 's assassination; whether it was actually said at either of these events is disputed. sic transit gloria mundi "thus passes the glory of the world" From the Bible . A reminder that all things are fleeting.

During Papal Coronations , a monk reminds the pope of his mortality by saying this phrase, preceded by pater sancte ("holy father") while holding before his eyes a burning paper illustrating the passing nature of earthly glories. This is similar to the tradition of a slave in Roman triumphs whispering "memento mori". sic utere tuo ut alienum non laedas "use [what is] yours so as not to harm [what is] of others" Or "use your property in such a way that you do not damage others'". A legal maxim related to property ownership laws, often shortened to simply sic utere ("use it thus"). sic vita est "thus is life" Or "such is life". Indicates that a circumstance, whether good or bad, is an inherent aspect of living. signetur sine qua non "without which not" Used to denote something that is an essential part of the whole. See also condicio sine qua non. sine scientia ars nihil est "without knowledge, skill is nothing" Motto of The International Diving Society. sit venia verbo "may there be forgiveness for the word" Similar to the English idiom "pardon my French".

sola fide "by faith alone" The material principle of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas , referring to the Protestant claim that the Bible teaches that men are saved by faith even without works. sola gratia "by grace alone" A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas , referring to the Protestant claim that salvation is an unearned gift (cf. ex gratia), not a direct result of merit . Sola lingua bona est lingua mortua "the only good language is a dead language" sola scriptura "by scripture alone" The formal principle of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas , referring to the Protestant idea that the Bible alone is the ultimate authority, not the pope or tradition . soli Deo gloria (S.D.G.) "glory to God alone" A motto of the Protestant Reformation and one of the five solas , referring to the idea that God is the creator of all good things and deserves all the praise for them. Johann Sebastian Bach often signed his manuscripts with the abbreviation S.D.G.

to invoke this phrase, as well as with AMDG "hope is the anchor of [my] life" Motto of the Doran family. spiritus mundi "spirit of the world" From The Second Coming (poem) by William Butler Yeats . Refers to Yeats' belief that each human mind is linked to a single vast intelligence, and that this intelligence causes certain universal symbols to appear in individual minds. The idea is similar to Carl Jung 's concept of the collective unconscious . spiritus ubi vult spirat "the spirit spreads wherever it wants" From El espiritu donde quiera se infunde by Fernando Porturas ( ). Refers to The Gospel of Saint John, where he mentions how Jesus told Nicodemus "The wind blows wherever it wants, and even though you can hear its noise, you don't know where it comes from or where it goes. The same thing happens to whomever has been born of the Spirit". It is the motto of Cayetano Heredia University . splendor sine occasu Loosely "splendour without diminishment" or "magnificence without ruin". Motto of British Columbia .

stamus contra malo "we stand against by evil" The motto of the Jungle Patrol in The Phantom . The phrase actually violates Latin grammar because of a mistranslation from English, as the preposition contra takes the accusative case . The correct Latin rendering of "we stand against evil" would be "stamus contra malum". stante pede Less literally, "in the strict sense". stupor mundi "the wonder of the world" The title by which Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor , was known. More literally translated "the bewilderment of the world", or, in its original, pre- Medieval sense, "the stupidity of the world". sua sponte Motto of the U.S. Army Rangers . Also a legal term . Sub Cruce Lumen "The Light Under the Cross" Motto of the University of Adelaide , Australia. Refers to the figurative "light of learning" and the Southern Cross constellation, Crux . sub judice "under a judge" sub poena "under penalty" Commonly rendered subpoena. Said of a request, usually by a court, that must be complied with on pain of punishment.

Examples include subpoena duces tecum ("take with you under penalty"), a court summons to appear and produce tangible evidence, and subpoena ad testificandum ("under penalty to testify"), a summons to appear and give oral testimony. sub rosa "under the rose" "In secret", "privately", "confidentially" or "covertly". In the Middle Ages , a rose was suspended from the ceiling of a council chamber to indicate that what was said in the "under the rose" was not to be repeated outside. This practice originates in Greek mythology, where Aphrodite gave a rose to her son Eros , and he, in turn, gave it to Harpocrates , the god of silence, to ensure that his mother's indiscretions—or those of the gods in general, in other accounts—were kept under wraps. sub specie aeternitatis "under the sight of eternity" Thus, "from eternity's point of view". From Spinoza , Ethics. sub verbo; sub voce Literally "highest good". Also summum malum ("the supreme evil"). sunt lacrimae rerum "there are tears for things" From Virgil , Aeneid .

Followed by et mentem mortalia tangunt ("and mortal things touch my mind"). Aeneas cries as he sees Carthaginian temple murals depicting the deaths of the Trojan War . See also hinc illae lacrimae. sunt omnes unum suo jure "in one's own right" Used in the context of titles of nobility , for instance where a wife may hold a title in her own right rather than through her marriage. suo moto "upon one's own initiative" Also rendered suo motu. Usually used when a court of law, upon its own initiative, (i.e., no petition has been filed) proceeds against a person or authority that it deems has committed an illegal act. It is used chiefly in South Asia . supero omnia A declaration that one succeeds above all others. surgam terra nova "new land" Also latin name of Newfoundland (island portion of Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador , capital- St. John's ), also root of French name of same, Terre-Neuve terra nullius "land of none" That is, no man's land . A neutral or uninhabited area, or a land not under the sovereignty of any recognized political entity.

terras irradient "let them illuminate the lands" Or "let them give light to the world". An allusion to Isaiah 6.3: plena est omnis terra gloria eius ("the whole earth is full of his glory"). Sometimes mistranslated as "they will illuminate the lands" based on mistaking irradiare for a future indicative third- conjugation verb, whereas it is actually a present subjunctive first-conjugation verb. Motto of Amherst College ; the college's original mission was to educate young men to serve God. tertium non datur "a third is not given" A logical axiom that a claim is either true or false, with no third option. tertium quid "a third something" 1. Something that cannot be classified into either of two groups considered exhaustive; an intermediate thing or factor. 2. A third person or thing of indeterminate character. timeo Danaos et dona ferentes "I fear Greeks, even bearing gifts" Danaos being a term for the Greeks . In Virgil 's Aeneid , II, 49, the phrase is said by Laocoön when warning his fellow Trojans against accepting the Trojan Horse .

The full original quote is quidquid id est timeo Danaos et dona ferentis, quidquid id est meaning "whatever it is" and ferentis being an archaic form of ferentes. Commonly mistranslated "Beware of Greeks bearing gifts". timidi mater non flet "A coward's mother does not weep" A Latin proverb . Occasionally appears on loading screens in the game Rome: Total War . timor mortis conturbat me "the fear of death confounds me" A Latin refrain originating in the response to the seventh lesson in the Office of the Dead . In the Middle Ages , this service was read each day by clerics . As a refrain, it appears also in other poems and can frequently be found inscribed on tombs. translatio imperii "transfer of rule" Used to express the belief in the transfer of imperial authority from the Roman Empire of antiquity to the Medieval Holy Roman Empire . Treuga Dei "Truce of God" A decree by the medieval Church that all feuds should be cancelled during the Sabbath —effectively from Wednesday or Thursday night until Monday. See also Peace and Truce of God .

tu autem "you indeed" Also "even you" or "yes, you", in response to a person's belief that he will never die. A memento mori epitaph . tu autem domine miserere nobis "But Thou, O Lord, have mercy upon us" Phrase said at the end of biblical readings in the liturgy of the medieval church. tu fui ego eris "I was you; you will be me" Thus, "what you are, I was; what I am, you will be.". A memento mori gravestone inscription to remind the reader that death is unavoidable (cf. sum quod eris). tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito "you should not give in to evils, but proceed ever more boldly against them" From Virgil , Aeneid , 6, 95. tu quoque "you too" The logical fallacy of attempting to defend one's position merely by pointing out the same weakness in one's opponent.

If a politician is criticized for advocating an inadequately-funded plan, and replies that his or her opponent's plan is equally inadequately funded, this is a 'tu quoque' argument: undermining the counterproposal on the same basis does not make the original plan any more satisfactory. Tu quoque may also refer to a "hypocrisy" argument, a form of ad hominem where a claim is dismissed as untrue on the basis that the claimant has contradicted his own advice. While contradiction may make the claimant's argument unsound, it does necessarily not make his claims untrue. It comes from the supposed last words of Julius Caesaer (" Et tu, Brute? ") tuebor "where [it is] well, there [is] the fatherland" Or "where I prosper, there is my country". Patriotic motto. ubi caritas et amor Deus ibi est "where there is charity and love, God is there" ubi mel ibi apes "where [there is] honey, there [are] bees" ubi dubium ibi libertas "where [there is] doubt, there [is] freedom" Anonymous proverb.

"Where [there is] a right, there [is] a remedy" ubi non accusator ibi non iudex "where [there is] no accuser, there [is] no judge" Thus, there can be no judgement or case if no one charges a defendant with a crime. The phrase is sometimes parodied as "where there are no police, there is no speed limit". ubi re vera "when, in a true thing" Or "whereas, in reality..." Also rendered ubi revera ("when, in fact" or "when, actually"). ubi solitudinem faciunt pacem appellant "when they make a wasteland, they call it peace" ubi sunt "where are they?" Nostalgic theme of poems yearning for days gone by. From the line ubi sunt qui ante nos fuerunt ("Where are they, those who have gone before us?"). una salus victis nullam sperare salutem "the only safety for the conquered is to hope for no safety" Less literally, "the only safe bet for the vanquished is to expect no safety".

Preceded by moriamur et in media arma ruamus ("let us die even as we rush into the midst of battle") in Virgil 's Aeneid , book 2, lines 353–354. Used in Tom Clancy 's novel Without Remorse , where character Clark translates it as "the one hope of the doomed is not to hope for safety". ultimo mense Urbi et Orbi "To the City and the Circle [of the lands]" Meaning "To Rome and the World". A standard opening of Roman proclamations. Also a traditional blessing by the pope . Urbs in Horto Motto of the City of Chicago . Usus magister est optimus ut biberent quoniam esse nollent "so that they might drink, since they refused to eat" Also rendered with quando ("when") in place of quoniam. From a story by Suetonius (Vit. Tib., 2.2) and Cicero (De Natura Deorum, 2.3).

The phrase was said by Roman admiral Publius Claudius Pulcher right before the battle of Drepana , as he threw overboard the sacred chickens which had refused to eat the grain offered them—an unwelcome omen of bad luck. Thus, the sense is, "if they do not perform as expected, they must suffer the consequences". ut incepit fidelis sic permanet "as she began loyal, so she persists" Thus, the state remains as loyal as ever. Motto of Ontario . ut desint vires tamen est laudanda voluntas "though the power be lacking, the will is to be praised all the same" From Ovid , Epistulae ex Ponto (III, 4, 79). ut infra A vade-mecum or vademecum is an item one carries around, especially a handbook. vade retro Satana "Go back, Satan !" An exhortation for Satan to begone, often used in response to temptation . From a popular Medieval Catholic exorcism formula, based on a rebuke by Jesus to Peter in the Vulgate , Mark 8:33: vade retro me Satana ("step back from me, Satan!").

The older phrase vade retro ("go back!") can be found in Terence 's Formio I, 4, 203. vae victis "Woe to the conquered!" Attributed by Livy to Brennus , the chief of the Gauls , while he demanded more gold from the citizens of the recently-sacked Rome in 390 BC. vanitas vanitatum omnia vanitas "vanity of vanities; everything [is] vanity" More simply, "vanity, vanity, everything vanity". From the Vulgate , Ecclesiastes , 1:2. vaticinium ex eventu "prophecy from the event" A prophecy made to look as though it was written before the events it describes, while in fact being written afterwards. vel non "or not" Summary of alternatives, ie. "this action turns upon whether the claimant was the deceased's grandson vel non." velocius quam asparagi coquantur "more rapidly than asparagus will be cooked" Or simply "faster than cooking asparagus". Ascribed to Augustus by Suetonius (The Lives of the Twelve Caesars, Book 2 (Augustus), para. 87).

Can refer to anything done very quickly. A very common variant is celerius quam asparagi cocuntur ("more swiftly than asparagus is cooked"). veni, vidi, vici "I came, I saw, I conquered" The text message sent by Julius Caesar to the Roman Senate to describe his battle against King Pharnaces II near Zela in 47 BC. Sometimes used by magicians as a catch phrase similar to abracadabra in completing a performance. "I came, I saw, I went" vera causa "true cause" verba ita sunt intelligenda ut res magis valeat quam pereat "words are to be understood such that the subject matter may be more effective than wasted" A legal maxim. "words fly away, writings remain" verbatim et litteratim "word by word and letter by letter" Verbi divini minister "servant of the divine Word" A priest (cf. Verbum Dei). Verbum Dei vi veri universum vivus vici "by the power of truth, I, a living man, have conquered the universe" From Christopher Marlowe 's The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus .

Note that v was originally the consonantal u , and was written the same before the two forms became distinct, and also after in many cases, when u and v were both capitalized as V: thus, Vniversum. Also, universum is sometimes quoted with the form ueniversum (or Veniversum), which is presumably a combination of universum and oeniversum, two classically-attested spellings). Recently quoted in the film, V for Vendetta, by the main character, V. via Thus, "by way of" or "by means of". I'll contact you via e-mail. via media "middle road" The Anglican Communion has claimed to be a via media between the errors of the Roman Catholic Church and the extremes of Protestantism . Can also refer to the radical middle political stance. via, veritas, vitae The motto of the University of Glasgow . vice versa "with position turned" Thus, "the other way around", "conversely", etc. Historically, vice is more properly pronounced as two syllables, but the one-syllable pronunciation is extremely common. victoria aut mors See aut vincere aut mori.

victoria concordia crescit The official club motto of Arsenal FC. victrix causa diis placuit sed victa Catoni "the victorious cause pleased the gods, but the conquered cause pleased Cato " Lucanus , Pharsalia 1, 128. Dedication on the south side of the Confederate Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery . vide infra Vive ut vivas "live so that you may live" The phrase essentially means that one should live life to the fullest and without fear of a possible future consequence. vocatus atque non vocatus Deus aderit "called and not called, God will be present", or "called and even not called, God approaches" Attributed to the Oracle at Delphi . Used by Carl Jung as a personal motto adorning his home and grave. volenti non fit injuria "to one willing, no harm is done" or "to he who consents, no harm is done used in tort law to delineate the principle that one cannot be held liable for injuries inflicted on an individual who has given his consent to the action that gave rise to the injury. votum separatum An independent, minority voice.

vox clamantis in deserto "the voice of one shouting in the desert" (or, traditionally, "the voice of one crying in the wilderness") From Isaiah 40, and quoted by John the Baptist in the Gospels . Usually the "voice" is assumed to be shouting in vain, unheeded by the surrounding wilderness. However, in this phrase's use as the motto of Dartmouth College , it is taken to denote an isolated beacon of education and culture in the "wilderness" of New Hampshire . vox nihili vox populi "voice of the people" Sometimes extended to vox populi vox Dei ("the voice of the people [is] the voice of God").

In its original context, the extended version means the opposite of what it's frequently taken to mean: the source is usually given as the monk Alcuin , who advised Charlemagne that nec audiendi qui solent dicere vox populi vox Dei quum tumultuositas vulgi semper insaniae proxima sit, meaning "And those people should not be listened to who keep saying, 'The voice of the people [is] the voice of God,' since the riotousness of the crowd is always very close to madness." (Works, Letter 164)

Question: What medical Latin term, literally means 'stiffness of death'?
Answer: Rigor Mortis