Mount Elbrus: Facts About Europe’s Highest Mountain Credit: Tatiana Morozova | Shutterstock Mount Elbrus isn’t technically a mountain — it is an inactive volcano located in the western Caucasus mountain range, near the Georgian border in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay–Cherkessia, Russia. With an elevation of 18,510 feet (5,642 meters), it is part of the Caucasus Range that straddles Asia and Europe, although most geographers place it in Europe. This makes it the tallest mountain in Europe and one of the Seven Summits, the highest mountains in each of the continents and elite climbers aspire to summit all of them. Mount Elbrus’ prominence —a measure of how distinct a mountainis from nearby peaks — is 15,554 feet (4,741 m), making it the 10th most prominent mountain in the world. The east summit is slightly lower at 18,442 feet (5,621 m). Meaning of the name "Mingi-Tau" is the name given Elbrus by the Balkars, the Turkic people of the Caucasus region.

This translates to "resembling a thousand mountains," as a homage to the mountain’s size. Before the Balkars, the mountain was known as Sobilus, which is Latin for "pine cone" This is a variation of strobilos, meaning "a twisted object," which is an apt description of the mountain's summit. The mountain also has a mythological history. In Greek mythology. Zeus chained Prometheus to the mountain as punishment for stealing fire from Zeus and sharing it with mankind. The name also has Persian origins, a derivation of Harā Bərəzaitī, a mountain in Persian mythology. Elbrus’ climate The climate is most conducive to climbing in July and August, when the weather is at its most stable. Even in the summer, nighttime temperatures average 18 F (minus 8 C). Temperatures above the snowline can fall as low as minus 22 F (minus 30 C) during the day during the winter. Winter is coldest in the western part. It lasts from October to April above 6,562 feet (2,000 m). While the mountain is inland, it is positioned between the Caspian Sea and the Black Sea.

These two large bodies of water have an impact on wind and precipitation. Climbing Elbrus Elbrus has a unique cable car system, which was built on the south side of the mountain from 1959 to 1976. The cable car reaches 12,500 feet (3,658 m). From there, most climbers take the Standard Route up the south side to the summit. While the lack of crevasses can lull climbers into a false sense of safety, the Standard Route is challenging due to the snow, high winds and a high elevation. About 15 to 30 climbers die each year, which is a fairly high ratio of climbers to climber deaths when compared to other mountains. Another unique feature of Elbrus is the system of huts for resting, including the Barrel Huts, which are located at 13,600 feet (3,962 m). There is also a snow-cat to take climbers up to 15,750 feet (48,000 m). Mount Elbrus has 22 glaciers that feed three rivers — Baksan, Malka and Kuban.

The mountain is covered with snow year-round. While it can be a dangerous climb, it is considered among the easiest of the Seven Summits. The typical climbing season is May to September. The harsh winter conditions keep all but the most experienced climbers off the mountain. It takes most climbers less than a week to summit, which is short compared to the other Seven Summits. Another high point in Europe Mount Elbrus gets the title of highest in Europe. Another, perhaps better known, peak is Mont Blanc. It is the highest mountain in the Alps and the European Union. Its elevation is 15,781 feet (4,810 m) above sea level. Key points in Elbrus history 1829: Kabardinian Killar Khashirov, a guide for a Russian army scientific expedition, was the first to reach the east summit, which is the lower of the two summits. 1874: The higher west summit was ascended by Akhia Sottaiev, a Balkarian guide, who was working for a group that was led by Brit Florence Crauford Grove and included Englishmen Frederick Gardner and Horace Walker, and Swiss climber Peter Knubel.

1932: The first hut, called "Prijut 11," was built at of 13,650 feet (4,160 m). 1942: During World War II, German forces had occupied all the territories north of the Baksan Valley and were gradually taking the mountain valleys in the Western Caucasus. Eventually a German Alpine division commandeered Priut 11. They retreated by early1943 and by mid-February Elbrus was back under Soviet control. 1956: A group of 400 climbers ascended the mountain to commemorate the 400th anniversary of Kabardino-Balkaria, the regional Soviet Republic. 1991: The outhouse at the Pruitt Hut — before it burned down a few years later — was named the world’s worst outhouse by Outside Magazine. While it gets a lot of use from climbers who drink a lot of water and take altitude medication, it doesn’t smell because it is completely frozen. 1997: Russian adventurer Alexander Abramov led an expedition that drove a modified Land Rover to the summit, making it the highest mountain climbed by a vehicle.

1998: A group of climbers started a fire while cooking and burned down Priut 11. Editor's Recommendations Climbing to the Highest Mountain in Europe - Elbrus (EL-01) Home Holiday Planner Adventure and Discovery Climbing to the Highest Mountain in Europe - Elbrus (EL-01) Climbing to the Highest Mountain in Europe - Elbrus (EL-01) from £1,095 Book now Inquire Compare tours Climbing to the Highest Mountain in Europe - Elbrus (EL-01) We invite you to join our tour to climb the legendary Mount Elbrus (5,642m) - one of the World’s Seven Summits and an essential ascent for those who can meet the challenge and reach the roof of Europe! Travelling amongst the four- and five thousand metre peaks you can’t miss the highest one of all. You’ll be stunned by the view of the double-capped Elbrus, towering in its majestic grandeur over lower ranges of snowy mountains, and inviting you to scale it. The breathtaking scenery of the Caucasian mountains and this ultimate climbing challenge will make this trekking trip unforgettable for anyone looking for some holiday adrenaline!

Climbing Mount Elbrus by the classic route from the South, which is the most popular, is a splendid, long, high-altitude ascent over a moderate incline, that requires good acclimatisation but has no technical difficulties. Moscow Arrival Transfer to the Hotel Arrival in Moscow. Our driver will meet you in the arrival sector with a Go Russia sign board. Transfer to the hotel. Day 2 Moscow - Elbrus Departure to Elbrus. Transfer to Terskol Village Transfer to the airport to take a short flight to Mineralnye Vody where you will be met by our representative. On the way from the airport we pass local cities and villages and in approximately 4 hours, arrive in the valley of the Baksan River. Here we can already see the snow-capped summits. Check-in at the hotel. Day 3 Elbrus Acclimatisation Hike to Cheget Peak (3,050m) A day to acclimatise.

After breakfast we hike up to the Cheget peak (3,050m) for approximately 5 hours, stopping to relax at the “Ai” café (2,750m), from where you will enjoy a panoramic view of the Baksan valley and the twin summits of Mt. Elbrus. The route is not technically difficult, and the degree of the slope is approx. 15-25°. Return to the hotel. Day 4 Elbrus Acclimatisation Hike up to the Former Refuge “Prijut 11” (4,200m) Breakfast. Check out from the hotel. Drive to the cable-car station "Azau" and then up to the "MIR"/Garibashi station (3,750 m) by two lift trams. Begin an acclimatisation hike to 4,200m. Up to the former refuge “Prijut 11”. Overnight at Barrels hut (Bochki). Day 5 Elbrus Acclimatisation Hike up to the Pastukhova Rocks (4,700m) Breakfast.

Acclimatisation hike higher up to the Pastukhova rocks (4,700m). The route is not too steep with the last part being the steepest at 20 to 25 degrees, but it is tough going at this high altitude. Be prepared for hard walking. Overnight stay at Bochki camp. Day 6 Rest day. Training on the Glacier. Overnight at the Bochki Camp Rest day. Overnight at the Bochki camp. Day 7 Elbrus Summit Attempt. Celebration Dinner at the Bochki Camp Today we attempt to reach the main target of our trip – the summit of Mt.Elbrus. We will wake up very early, at 3 a.m., to start our climbing. Using the headtorches we make our way to the Pastukhova rocks where we stop for a short rest and have some drinks. From Pastukhova rocks the slope is not more than 20-25 degrees, but the high altitude starts to affect your stamina.

Over 5,000 m the route turns to the left and we start traverse the slope in the direction of the small flat “saddle” plateau, which we will reach in 2-3 hours. A final big effort is needed to reach the top, which we can do by going either to the East or West Summit. East Summit (5,624 m) - it is an easier option because the icy slope from the saddle is not so steep (maximum 30 degree). The route leads to the top without any technical difficulties. However this route takes some time. West Summit (5,642 m) - this is a more difficult choice because a steep clear ice slope (30-35 degrees) leads to the summit plateau. We will need to use crampons, ropes and in some cases ice-screws here. But after hard work we will arrive at the long (approx. 1 km) flat top plateau, leading us directly to the peak. Return to the Bochki camp and prepare for a celebration dinner for the winners in the evening. You will also receive your certificate confirming you’ve been on the top of Mt. Elbrus once you are down in the valley.

Overnight stay at Bochki camp. Day 8 Descend down to Terskol and overnight at the hotel. Day 9 Elbrus Hike in Baksan Valley Relaxation day. After breakfast we go trekking in Baksan valley which offers magnificent views of Mt.Elbrus. Return to the hotel. Free time. Day 10 Elbrus - Moscow Transfer to the Airport Mineralnyje Vody. Departure to Moscow Breakfast in the hotel. Free time. In the afternoon transfer to the airport Mineralnyje Vody for your flight back to Moscow. Tour Dates & Prices Book Now When you choose to travel with Go Russia, you are assured of the highest standards of service for every element of your holiday including accommodation. In Moscow we use a central 4* hotel, in Elbrus area - a 3* hotel and on the way up to the summit of Elbrus it is easier to stay overnight in the huts. So we use the well-known Bochki camp situated at the end of the last chair lift. Please view hotels details below. You can also arrive earlier in Moscow or extend your tour after return from Elbrus. Please view prices for extending your stay in Russia.

Hotel Katerina City Moscow 4* Katerina City is located in the picturesque district of the Russian capital, on the bank of the Moscow River, just two metro stations to the Red Square. A wide range of facilities makes the guests' stay comfortable and pleasant and modern European architecture and fresh interiors in a Scandinavian style combined with the home-like atmosphere make this hotel a perfect holiday retreat. The hotel rooms feature elegant and modern design, comfortable furniture and superb amenities. Your accommodation also includes free drinking water and tea / coffee making facilities. Sauna and fitness centre are free of charge: 07:00 – 23:00. Learn more Barrels Hut Camp (Bochki Camp) Elbrus The camp is placed on Garabashi hill on the slopes of Elbrus at approximately 3,800 m. There are 10 large comfortable barrels here (in Russian – “Bochki”) with wooden shelves inside for approx. 6-8 people and some space at the entry for equipment. There is also a canteen with kitchen facilities in the separate hut. There are no showers, toilets are located in a separate hut. Bochki camp became the main accommodation place for climbers.

Learn more Please read notes at the bottom of the table to learn more about the meaning of each pricing section. Choose your travel package book now Note on pricing: All prices are per person, in British Pounds. All included services are listed in the tour dossier and the right-hand side column, section пїЅIncludedпїЅ. Price пїЅIncluding flightпїЅ is subject to airfare availability and will be reconfirmed upon your booking. We advise not to delay with booking your tour as airfares may go up. Price пїЅExcluding flightпїЅ does not cover airfare, you are free to book your own flights. Single supplement goes towards single room (cabin for cruises) accommodation. Solo supplement is payable in the unlikely event when you are the only person on the tour. It will be refunded if other people join the same tour. We thrive on feedback! Every client receives a questionnaire asking about their experience with Go Russia, from the initial enquiry to total holiday satisfaction. We learn and improve all the time as a result of our customersпїЅ feedback. We are very happy to have served thousands of happy customers who travelled with us. Please browse our guestbook below.

I have completed the feedback form and thank you for your excellent service пїЅ we had a fantastic time and all members of our team reached the summit of Mt Elbrus and returned safely. — GUIDES PROFILES SECURITY Please be aware that Foreign and Commonwealth Office in the UK advises against all but essential travel to the Elbrus area. For more details please visit the FCO website: . Elbrus being one of the seven summits is a very popular mountain and attracts different climbers from all over the world. To the best of our knowledge no foreign tourists climbing the mountain have been a victim of terrorist attacks in that particular region. CLIMBING CONDITIONS Elbrus is a volcanic massif to the north of the Caucasus Main Ridge. The best time for climbing Elbrus is from May through to August, with the best month normally being July. Normally the ascent begins from the Baksan Valley and is led on the south slope of Mount Elbrus. The standard route we use: Bochki camp – Pastukhov rocks – saddle – West summit does not require any advanced mountaineering experience and it is generally accepted that Mt. Elbrus climb on the normal route is non-technical and suitable for beginners.

There are other routes to the summit which are considered more technically challenging. For guiding this climb we always use experienced top-skilled Russian mountaineers. Systematic acclimatisation is essential prior to making the ascent. The climb itself may take between 6-10 hours; the descent another 4-6 hours. The main obstacles are high altitude, fog, wind and the cold. This is a fine ascent which is more a test of stamina rather than a technical task, although high altitude and unpredictable weather make for a challenging and adventurous trip. Although the climb is not technically difficult but requires crampons and an ice axe. It is a very achievable challenge which requires proper cold weather clothing and basic mountaineering skills which you can develop during the trip. And our guides explain use of the ice axe on your free acclimatisation day on the Bochki camp or any other day depending on weather conditions and other factors on a trip. Any necessary climbing skills will be taught during this trip so mountaineering experience is not required. IMPORTANT: climbers are expected to be in good physical condition. PERSONAL SAFETY Your safety is very important to us.

As stated in our booking conditions your booking is accepted on the understanding that (1) you realise and accept the risks and hazards potentially involved in adventure holidays and that (2) you are mentally and physically capable of undertaking your chosen trip. You must tell us if you have an existing medical condition or disability that might affect your travel arrangements before your booking. If you suffer from hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, brain disease - you will not be allowed to participate in this tour. During the tour you must fully abide by the authority and decisions of our employees, tour leaders, and suppliers. The decision of these people as to the conduct, itinerary and objectives of the tour is final and if, in their opinion your behaviour or physical condition is detrimental to the safety, welfare and well-being of the group as a whole (which are the paramount considerations), or they consider that your general well-being will be put at risk by continuing with the trip, you may be asked to leave the tour without the right to any refund for unused services. Upon your arrival in Elbrus area you will have a safety briefing at your hotel with your guide and other group members.

The guide will explain your day-to-day itinerary, time schedule, how to prepare for the ascent, safety rules and also check your personal equipment. At this stage you will be required to sign the paperwork that you have read and understood “The Safety Rules” which you must follow during your tour and you consider yourself to be in a good physical condition and capable of taking part in the ascent. Download “The Safety Rules Declaration”. HEALTH ISSUES Lack of oxygen at high altitudes (over 2500m.) affects most people to some extent. The effect may be mild or severe and occurs because the air pressure is reduced and the heart and lungs must work harder to oxygenate the body. While mild AMS (Acute Mountain Sickness) does not interfere with normal activity, the persistent and worsening symptoms can lead to the severe AMS and even to two very serious conditions such as High Altitude Pulmonary Edema and Cerebral Edema which could be fatal. Unfortunately youth, good fitness and previous experience at high elevations do not necessarily mean that you will be less likely to have problems with altitude. The symptoms of AMS include: Headache, Dizziness and nausea , Loss of appetite, Disturbed sleep, Shortness of breath.

The best medicine is prevention and there are some things that climbers can do to to minimize their risks of illness and improve their performance: The mountaineer’s dictum “Climb high, sleep low” is the best method to prevent AMS; Stay properly hydrated (drink at least 4-6 liters of liquids per day). Urine output schould be copious and clear to pale yellow; Eat a high calorie diet while at altitude; Take it easy and don’t push yourself when you get at altitude;- A slow and steady pace will carry you much higher and easier; Avoid tobacco, alcohol and any depressant drugs. If the symptoms increse go down! These are guidelines only! For more detailed and professional information regarding the AMS please refer to the following links: SPECIAL EQUIPMENT REQUIRED Climbing equipment Double plastic boots Crampons: step-ins or strap-on (10-12 point), check that the boots fit beforehand. Point protectors are also useful for storage and adjusting tool Ice axe: general mountaineering – normally 65cm. – preferable to have rubber end protectors Harness with carabineers Gaiters Clothing The key to clothing is the layering system. Layers can be added or discarded with temperature fluctuations.

The first layer is a form of synthetic underwear that draws moisture away from the skin and dries quickly. This is followed by two or more insulating layers, also preferably of synthetic pile and a windproof outer layer. This system applies not only to the torso but also to extremities. Hiking boots Socks: liners - medium weight and heavy, at least few pairs of each Lightweight long underwear, top and bottom “Expedition-weight” long underwear, top and bottom Pile jacket Goggles - EUR 4 Thermal bottles - EUR 2 Snow cat / rat rack - approx. 500 EUR per one drive for a group of 2-10 persons. From barrels hut to the Pastukhov Rocks. Note: Please consult us about climbing gear and renting possibilities. Please note that Go Russia does not guarantee rental prices! While we aim to provide the most updated and accurate information on all services including rental possibilities it is not always possible due to various reasons. All hire companies are privately owned and operate their business independently. We do apologise for this, but this is not what we can control or influence. ACCOMMODATION We generally use local 3* hotels.

In the Elbrus area we stay in one of the best local hotels in twin rooms with showers (en-suite). On the way up to the summit of Elbrus it is easier to stay overnight in the huts. So we use the well-known Bochki camp situated at the end of the last chair lift. The camp is placed on Garabashi hill on the slopes of Elbrus at approx. 3,800 m. There are 10 large comfortable barrels here (in Russian – “Bochki”) with wooden shelves inside for approx. 6-8 people and some space at the entry for equipment. View bochki camp photos. There is also a canteen with kitchen facilities in the separate hut. There are no showers, toilets in a separate hut. They are quite comfortable and became the main accommodation place for climbers. TRAVEL INSURANCE It is a condition of joining our climbing tours that you have adequate travel insurance for the complete duration of your trip to cover at least medical expenses, injury, death and cost of repatriation.

For all our customers traveling to Elbrus we will arrange insurance through one of the leading Russian providers “ T.I.T Insurance ” covering medical expenses for the sum up to USD30,000, as the British insurers are reluctant to deal with the area due to FCO advice. The cost of this insurance is included in the package price of the tour. Please ensure that any travel insurance arranged through the Company is what you require and you should arrange supplementary insurance if need to be. Please view the insurance policy terms and conditions . Insurance cover Please note your insurance cover is valid only for the dates you are in Elbrus area where you receive your insurance policy and sign the insurance contract. The insurance policy includes two parts: Mountaineering insurance covering days 4 – 8 of the tour when the group is travelling in the mountains, the insurance covers medical and transportation costs. Standard travel insurance covering days 2 – 3 and days 9 – 10 of the tour when the group is not doing any climbing activities in the mountains, the insurance covers medical and transportation costs. We include in the tour price insurance policies for all travellers not older than 65 years.

If you are 65 or older there will be premium surcharges for arranging the insurance cover, please contact us for more details. Please note you are covered for medical, transportation and repatriation expenses but not for search and rescue services. All rescue operations in the mountains are performed by the Ministry of Emergencies of the Russian Federation. For more details of what is covered please view the insurance terms and conditions , article 11. Operational issues Upon your arrival in Elbrus area your insurance policy will be completed and you will need to sign it to validate your cover. GUIDES PROFILES Europe’s highest mountain – Mount Elbrus | Xtremesport Europe’s highest mountain – Mount Elbrus Land , Locations , Mountain Climbing | 2009 | 9 December by lolajones | 0 Comments Mount Elbrus is the highest peak in Europe, and one of the Seven Summits. It’s located just in Russia, though it is only a few miles from the border of Georgia. Though Elbrus is the highest summit in Europe, it is one of the technically easiest of the higher peaks on the continent.

The mountain is in the Caucasus Mountains, which is one of the most rugged mountain ranges in the world. Elbrus may not be that rugged of a mountain, but that is not the case with all the surrounding peaks! The standard route up Elbrus is long and strenuous but not technically difficult. The biggest danger is the weather which can be particularly nasty on this mountain. Besides the standard route, there are many much more difficult routes on the mountain, though they are very seldom climbed, and little information is available. Mount Elbrus above – at 5,642 metres or 18,510 feet is Europe’s highest mountain, not considered to be a serious challenge for experienced mountaineers. Elbrus is an extinct volcano, having it’s last eruption around 50 AD, and it’s crater (300-400 metres in diameter) is now filled with ice and snow. The mountain still retains it’s gently sloping, conical shape.

The mountain has two main summits; the Western summit at 5,642.7 metres (18,513 feet) elevation and the Eastern summit at 5,621 metres (18,442 feet) elevation. The saddle between the two summits is at ,5416 merers (17,769 feet) elevation. The first ascent of the West Peak of Elbrus occured on July 1874. The climbers were F. Crauford Grove, F. Gardiner, H. Walker, A. Sottajev, and P. Knubel. The first ascent of the East Peak was in 1829 by Killar Hashirov. Routes The majority of climbers use the standard route via the south face and Azau valley.

This route starts at either the Barrels Hut at 3,900 metres (12,795 feet) or Azau Valley at 2,350 metres (7,700 feet), climbs up to the Diesel Hut at 4,157 metres (13,638 feet), climbs up past the Pashtuhova Rocks at 4670 metres (15,321 feet), up to the Saddle between the peaks at 5,416 metres (17,769 feet), and to the West summit at 5,642.7 metres (18,513 feet). The route is pretty straight forward (Russian Grade 2B) in good weather and is usually marked with wands. There are no real crevasses provided you don’t wander of the standard route. The climb can still be a trial in bad weather, so go well prepared. Total elevation gain from the Barrels hut is 1,743 metres (5,718 feet), and the climb usually takes 6-9 hours up.

Descent usually takes 3-6 hours although as can be seen in the video some people descend the mountain in rather a quicker fashion. The biggest danger on Elbrus is the weather. Sudden storms and extremely cold weather are very common. Although the standard route is free from crevasses, this is not the case if you wander off route. During storms, several climbers have become disorientated, wandered off route and were never seen again. There are many frostbite and hypothermia injuries and deaths on the mountain every year. The normal climbing season for Elbrus is from mid-May to mid-September. The very easiest time (and the most crowded) to climb the mountain is said to be mid-July through mid-August, followed by early July and late August. September is OK too, but the weather is usually colder and the routes can become icy. In May and June, the snow is usually softer than is in July or August, and the weather is usually colder.

As with all the mountains we have discussed in this series on the Seven Sisters acclimatisation is essential – Mount Elbrus is a moderately high mountain, so acclimatization is very important, especially since most people will be arriving from Moscow at a very low elevation. Altitude sickness is very common on Elbrus. Preferably, at least a week should be spent at altitudes of 2,500-4,500 metres (8200-14,800 feet) to acclimatize before making the final ascent. Do not underestimate the red tape involved in getting the go ahead to climb Elbrus – let us just say that it is significant – here is a resume of what is required – good luck is all we will add: 1. Russian visa. 2. Voucher with Elbrus region mentioned. 3. OVIR registration. 4. Elbrus Area Preserve permission. 5. Immigration card. The video below from JustGoRussia shows you in graphic form what conditions you can expect. Well what about it – climb Europe’s highest mountain and then ski or snowboard down – something to talk about and rather extreme we suggest.

Related What is the highest mountain in Europe? | Reference.com What is the highest mountain in Europe? A: Quick Answer The highest mountain in Europe is Mount Elbrus, located in Russia near the border with Georgia. There are two main peaks of Mount Elbrus at 18,442 feet and 18,510 feet. Both peaks are the tops of dormant volcanoes. Full Answer Due to its massive size, climbing Mount Elbrus is a long task. However, if climbing by the standard route, it is one of the easiest of the peaks on the continent to climb. Many climbers and skiers still die every year as they take unconventional routes. The mountain is a part of the Caucasus Mountain range, and it has the highest peak in the mountain range. Mount Elbrus Overview - Peakware.com Mineral'nye Vody, Russia Thanks to Johan for contributing to these details. ( View history ) Mount Elbrus is the highest peak in the Caucasus, and the highest peak in Europe. It is located several miles north of the main crest of the Central Caucasus, in the Russian Republics of Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, north of Georgia.

Its origin is volcanic, and though it has long been extinct, it still retains its gently sloping, conical shape, with twin cones rising on its summit. The west summit at 5,642 meters (18,510 ft) is slightly higher than the east at 5,621 metres (18,442 ft). The summit is capped in ice year round, and 22 glaciers sprawl from its slopes. All told, the mountain and its vast glaciers cover 56 square miles. The summit provides spectacular views of the entire Caucasus. Mount Elbrus the highest mountain in Europe. The western Caucasus mountain Mount Elbrus, the highest mountain in Europe Mount Elbrus or Happiness Mountain is a dormant volcano located in the western Caucasus mountain range, in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay�Cherkessia, Russia, near the border of Georgia. Mt. Elbrus's peak is the highest in the Caucasus, in Russia.

Elbrus stands 20 km (12 mi) north of the main range of the Greater Caucasus and 65 km (40 mi) south-southwest of the Russian town of Kislovodsk. Its permanent icecap feeds 22 glaciers, which in turn give rise to the Baksan, Kuban, and Malka Rivers. Elbrus sits on a moving tectonic area, and has been linked to a fault. A supply of magma lies deep beneath the dormant volcano. The volcano is currently considered inactive, as no eruptions have ever been recorded. Still Elbrus was active in the Holocene. According to the Global Volcanism Program the last eruption took place between 0 and 100 AD. Evidence of recent volcanism includes several lava flows on the mountain, which look fresh, and roughly 260 square kilometres (100 sq mi) of volcanic debris. The longest flow extends 24 kilometres (15 mi) down the northeast summit, indicative of a large eruption. There are still more various signs of activity still present on the volcano, including solfataric activity and hot springs.

The western summit has a well preserved volcanic crater about 250 m in diameter. Elbrus is the largest center of modern glaciation. Both peaks are covered with a solid firn cover, from which disperse 23 of the glacier. 17 of them powerful, the first category. Seven large glaciers flow down to the North and belong to the basin of the river Malka. Ice - like material, and under the influence of the natural slope of the mountain and its mass flows. Average speed of movement of glaciers is about 0.5 meters per day. The total area of perpetual snow and ice on mount Elbrus reaches 135 square kilometers. The power of the ice reaches in some places 400 m. For comparison it should be noted, that the total area of glaciation of the Caucasus - 2000 sq. km. Legend about the Elbrus. In the old days, when in place of the Caucasus mountain range stretched fertile plains, there lived the legendary sledge-heroes. Leader they had a mighty prince Elbrus. He had a son, a fearless horseman and warrior Beshtau.

Blithely proceeded life Beshtau in raids on foreign nations, and among the merry feasts with friends. He understood the language of animals, and always in the campaigns of the valleys and forests, he was accompanied by a clever, quiet snake, tough Camel Bull athlete, a fierce lion. But one day he saw a beautiful woman Beshtau Mashuk in the nearby village, and flared between passionate love. He came to his father and asked permission for the wedding. For three days and nights walking on her sled. But everything became darker and darker Elbrus, which has crept into the heart belated sizzling love for young Mashuk. And he thought of black business, called his son and told him to go to a distant raid emegenov ferocious tribe, people eaters. Dared not disobey his father Beshtau, gathered his young dzhigits and went to distant lands. For a long time he did not return, and Elbrus spread the rumor about the death of Beshtau Mashuk and forced to become his wife. He put on her massive gold ring on his finger, imprisoned in the hut.

But not killed Beshtau, and with rich production late in the evening with his friends returned to his native village. First met his snake, lion, camel and Bull, told him of the treachery of his father. Beshtau crept to the hut, where the Mashuk, saw her crying and sadness. And they decided to flee to distant lands. The dead of night, accompanied by true friends, they went to the north, where the stretched dense forests. On the road dropped Mashuka hateful engagement ring Elbrus. The next morning found no Mashuk Elbrus, gathered his men and rushed in pursuit of the fugitives. And it is here where the mountains rise up now, volcanoes erupted battle between fathers and children. Bravely fought young horsemen, helped them to Lion, Snake, Camel and Bull. But power was on the side of the mature men. Friends died Beshtau and converged alone father and son. He raised his sword and cut Beshtau Elbrus head in two. But gathered all his strength hero, hit an iron helmet from his head and cut Beshtau son into five parts.

Dropped dead of a brave, bent over him crying Mashuk, grabbed his belt favorite dagger and plunged into his heart, and then tossed it aside. Shook the earth from such a monstrous battle, petrified with horror old sledges, become snow-capped mountains of the Caucasus led by bimodal Elbrus. And here in the north, there were mountains, volcanoes, where there continues to beat a young, hot blooded young dzhigits. Around Beshtau are his faithful companions lion, camel, bull, snakes, mountain apart is the dagger, on the way to the mountains towering Mount Ring. Fell at the feet of the beloved Mashuka, darkens failure fatal wound in her chest, where healing keys knocked her blood. Elbrus climbing routes. The Normal Route is the easiest, safest and fastest on account of the cable car and chairlift system which operates from about 9am till 3pm. Starting for the summit at about 2am from the Diesel Hut should allow just enough time to get back down to the chairlift if movement is efficient. Note in bad weather the chairlift section may be closed, also note the chairlift ride is 15 minutes long and can be very cold.

The majority of groups take the cable car system from Azau roadhead to Mir Station from where either a 1 hour walk or a chairlift takes them to Garabashi - "The Barrels". Above it may be possible to hire a snow cat to go to the Diesel Hut (site of the burnt Priut Hut) or higher to Pastukhova Rocks. Walking this takes 90 minutes to the hut and almost 2 hours more to the rocks. The walk to the Saddle takes another 3 to 4 hours and from there to the summit, a further 90 minutes should be allowed for. There are no major difficulties on the route, however after strong winds icy sections may be exposed and a fall could result in a slide. Particular care should be taken on the traversing ascent from the Saddle. The Saddle hut is a ruin that offers no shelter. There are few crevasses of any size or danger if you stick to the route but only 50m off the route you could be in dangerous terrain. Details and diagrams:[1] Sample Itinerary Climb Europe's highest mountain, Mt. Elbrus (18,481' / 5642m) !!!

20% off !!!! Climb Europe's highest mountain, Mt. Elbrus (18,481' / 5642m) !!! 20% off !!!! Hello Climbers, My name is Nikolai Savin. I have guided on Mt.Elbrus about 60 times. I live in Moscow and have been the owner and leader of an adventure company Alptour to climb Mt. Elbrus for 17 years. We organize climbing Mt. Elbrus through Moscow and St. Petersburg (visa support, arranging the logistics, hotels, permits, guiding, food, etc.) for groups from different countries . We have been working with the American companies Mountain Experience (OR), Adventures International (OR), Ascend Adventures, Ultimate Expeditions (OR), Mountain Dreams, Camp 5 Expeditions, and Mountain Travel (CA) and private groups since 1990. We would like to find climbers, guides, adventure companies or mountain clubs which like to work and climb Mt. Elbrus with us.

Please see N Egfried Miller (Austria) -E.Miller@lks.at ...Nicolai was recommeded to us from friends.Nicolai is absolutly honest, a very friendly man, he organized the trip in perfect way, how we talked about in Email. We thank Nicolai for the wonderful trip, at the end he showed us his hometown Moskau - very, very good - it is his city! Never visit Moskau without Nicolai. If we come again to Russia - we make it just with Nicolai, and really just with him. In Austria it is not easy to find a man so friendly and honest as Nikolai. Thank you very much. James Wilde (USA) < jameswilde@web.de ...and flexibility which Nikolai provided made for a very comfortable trip when we were off the mountain. As well, his English is excellent and enjoys explaining mountaineering techniques, the history of the area, and the geology of the mountains surrounding. He has over 30 years of mountaineering experience and has climbed Elbrus over 50 times. I can recommend him highly as a guide in the Russian Mountains.... Jerome DaSilva - Canada.

jeromejdasilva@yahoo.com ... and Nikolai was very experienced with the treatment (descent, descent. descent). He took me back down to the valley for a night, and afterwards we were able to make it to the summit with no problems. I cannot say enough good things about Nikolai. He is a very strong climber and guide with a wealth of climbing experience. He is also very cautious and conscientious. His English is great and he made excellent arrangements for us in terms of drivers and accommodations.... Andrew Nathan Van Fossen (USA) avanfoss@chicagogsb.edu I wanted to thank you for putting together my trip to Russia and for getting me to the top of Elbrus. I had such a great time in your country; you did a great job of setting me up in Moscow and St. Petersburg. And as for the climb, I couldn't have done it without you. Thanks for being patient with me as I slowly worked my way to the top. Have a good climb. Leader and giude, Nikolai Savin.

phone: +7 916 613 7741 elbrus2007@yahoo.com RUSSIA: CLIMB MT. ELBRUS. Europe's highest mountain, Mt. Elbrus (18,481' / 5642 m), is located in the heart of the Caucasus Mountains in Russia. It is one of the famous "Seven Summits".....the highest peaks on each of the seven continents. Little known outside of Eastern Europe, the peaks, glaciers, and valleys of the Caucasus are as beautiful as the Swiss Alps. CLIMBING LEVEL - Advanced Beginner. ...We will take a cable car and hike to a mountain lodge and then, after acclimatization days, climb Mount Elbrus at 18,510 feet (5,642 m). Though gently angled, the ascent is a long trek up a snow field requiring fitness, perseverance, and the use of crampons and an ice ax (or ski poles). Best time to climb Mt.Elbrus is May, June, July, August, and September (normal program is around 12 days). Our land cost includes: * Visa support and invitation to Russia.

* Hotel reservation and accommodation in Moscow or St. Petersburg and in Elbrus region. * Air tickets to Min. Vody and back. * Meeting in Moscow with an English speaking guide in Sheremetievo II Airport. * Transfers in cities: * Sightseeing in Moscow and St. Petersburg. * Sheremetievo II on the way back home. * Transfer in the Caucasus region: Min. Vody - Terskol - Min. Vody. * Accommodation in Elbrus region. * Ski-lift in Mt. Elbrus and Mt. Cheget. * The permit for Elbrus climbing and Elbrus Nation Park * Three times a day meals in Caucasus, including in the high altitude zone during climbing. * Meal preparation in the Refuge. * Mountain high qualification guides - depending on group quantity. ). And any other help in Moscow, in Russia, and CIS. Mt Elbrus Elbrus - the Highest Mountain in Europe Elbrus - the Highest Mountain in Europe Navigation Links Elbrus Video If someone asks you what the highest and most beautiful mountains are in Europe, your immediate answer will probably be “the Alps”.

However, the highest and most unique in mineral resources, relief, flora and fauna are the mountains of the Big Caucasus. This mountain range includes five peaks of over 5,000 meters above sea level, the most famous of which, the majestic Elbrus, is a “must” for all mountain lovers and professional mountaineers. Just the fact that this mountain is the highest in Europe and is one of the world-famous “Seven Summit” peaks makes some people excited to see it and, finally, to conquer it. The mountain belongs, however, to a small number of mountains in the world which also attract people by their unique beauty. The ascent to Elbrus requires only basic mountaineering skills, although high altitude and unpredictable weather make the climbing more serious and challenging than it may seem. The local name of Elbrus is Mengi Tau, which means “The Mountain of a thousand mountains.” This name is justified, as the glaciated giant slopes are built of thickened lava flows and both peaks of Elbrus are more than 1,000 m higher than the rest of the Caucasus Chain. The translation of the name Elbrus from Arabic means “white mountain,” as it is always covered with snow.

The official date of the first ascent of Elbrus is still being argued: the Russians believe it was 1829, when the Caucasian Killar Khashirov, a local guide for a Russian expedition, reached the top. The first foreigners reached the Eastern Summit (5,621m) in 1868 and the highest Western Peak (5,642m) in 1874. Today, Elbrus and the whole Caucasus mountain range are being rediscovered by Europeans and Americans who seek what the first conquerors found: dramatic new experiences, unforgettable mountain beauty, and closeness to the purity of nature. Surprisingly, this wonderful land of high snowy peaks surrounded by old virgin forests, peaceful lakes and wild rivers is not lost in the remote vastness of Russia. The Caucasus chain is located in the south of European Russia, stretching for more than a thousand kilometers from the Black Sea in the west to the Caspian Sea in the east. Historically, the political situation in the Caucasus was always changing. For centuries, Caucasian tribes were invaded by others like the Sarmats and the Huns. As a result, some Caucasian peoples moved deeper and deeper into the mountains.

During the Tsarist era, the Russians tried to influence the Caucasian region and often kept their army stationed in the Caucasus. But, in comparison to the Chechens who have been fighting against Russian dominance for centuries, the political situation in the territory of Elbrus (currently the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic) has always been stable. Kabardian diplomats always maintained good relations with Russia. It was the Kabardians who joined Russia of their own free will in 1557, as the first Caucasian tribe. Today, the politicians in the region are still concerned with keeping good relations with Russia. The political situation in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic is quiet and tourists visiting the Elbrus region find no signs of political instability. CLIMATE AND WEATHER OF ELBRUS The climate of the region is determined by the massive mountain chain and closeness to the Black Sea. The weather is changeable: it can be sunny one day and rainy the next (with snowfall at high altitudes). However in general Caucasian weather is much more stable than, for example that of the Alps.

Rapid deterioration with blizzards and temperature falls of 10 to 15 degrees C within hours, typical for Western Alps, are highly unusual for the Caucasus. As a high mountain, Elbrus however is subject to quick changes of weather. Even in July it may be bitterly cold and windy at 3.00am, the time when the ascent usually starts. This means you have to be well prepared and equipped for it, especially with the right footwear. Russian city-breaks, tours to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Golden Ring and the Russian North - Kizhi & Solovestky Islands. Start your Russian discovery with our carefully designed city-break packages. We have a variety of tours to suite various interests ranging from general knowledge and culture to specific areas as World War II and Soviet history. Just click on the month below when you want to travel, or " Find your perfect tour ".

Europe Landforms and Land Statistics - Europe Landforms, Land Statistics Print this map Alps: Located in south-central Europe, they extend for almost 700 miles from the coastline of southern France (near Monaco) into Switzerland , northern Italy and Austria, then southeast through Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina as the (Dinaric Alps). Ending in Albania on the rugged coastline of the Adriatic Sea. Known for stunning scenery, glaciers, lakes and valleys and the best skiing conditions on the planet, they're the source of many rivers and tributaries including the Danube, Po, Rhine and Rhone . The highest point is Mont Blanc at 15,771 ft. (4,807 m) Apennines: The source of almost all rivers in Italy including the Arno, Tiber, and Volturno , the Apennines Mountains (Ital. Appennino) 830 miles (1,350 km) in length, form the backbone of the country, and run the entire length of the Italian Peninsula, ending on the island of Sicily. The highest point is Mt. Corno at 9,560 ft. (2,914 m).

Atlantic Highlands: Formed million of years ago during the Caledonian mountain-building periods as western lands were (forced) or pushed against the Scandinavian Shield. Significant mountain ranges here include the Kjolen in Norway and Sweden, and the Pennines that stretch through the central United Kingdom. Balkan Mountains These mountains extend from Yugoslavia across Bulgaria. Additional ranges run through Albania, Greece and Macedonia. Its most famous mountain is Mt. Olympus, the highest and most awe-inspiring peak in all of Greece. In ancient times it was the mythical home of Zeus, and was declared the first national park in Greece in 1939. It stands at 9,568 ft. (2,918 m). Carpathian Mountains This mountain system located in eastern Europe is the source of the Dniester, Tisza and Vistula Rivers . They form the natural border between Slovakia and southern Poland, and then extend southward through Ukraine and into Romania. There are major subdivisions, and the highest point is Mt. Gerlachovkain in northern Slovakia, standing at 8,711 ft. (2,655 m).

Caucasus Mountains Stretching from the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea, these volcanic mountains have many peaks above 15,000 ft. (4,572 m). The highest point (and the highest point in Europe) is located here; Mt. Elbrus at 18,506 ft. (5,642 m). Great Hungarian Plain Located in southeastern Europe, and surrounded by mountains, the land features several small forests and large patches of grassland. It averages only 100 meters above sea level and often suffers from dry conditions, thus relying on winter snow run-off from the Alps and Carpathian Mountains. Kjolen Mountains This jagged mountain system runs along the border of eastern Norway and western Sweden. The highest point is Mt. Kebnekaise, standing at 6,965 ft. (2,123 m). Massif Central This mountainous plateau of southeastern France is the source of the Allier, Creuse and Loire . It's about 32,189 sq. miles (85, 001 sq.

km) in size, and the highest point is Puy de Sancy at 6,186 ft. (1,885 m). Mesata The central plateau, or Mesata, covers nearly half of the entire country of Spain. This high plateau averages about 2,300 ft. (700 m) in the north, and 2,000 ft. (600 m) in the south. It's surrounded by a series of mountain ranges including the Cantabrian, Sierra De Gata and Sierra Guadarrama in the north and central, and the Sierra Morena and Sierra Nevada in the south. These mountains separate the Meseta from the Costa Verde, the Ebro valley, the Mediterranean and the valleys of Andalucia. North European Plain The fertile North European Plain slopes to the north-northeast from the Alps, extending to the Baltic Sea, and on into Denmark and southern Finland, Norway and Sweden. It continues east for almost 2,500 miles (4000 km), on into the Russian Federation. The land is largely flat with smaller areas of hills, including the Central Russian Uplands. Farming is prevalent and agricultural communities dot the landscape.

Pyrenees These mountains form the natural border between France and Spain and extend for about 270 miles from the Bay of Biscay to the Mediterranean Sea . The highest point is Pico de Aneto at 11,168 ft. (3,404 m) Scandinavian Shield An ancient area of rocky earth peppered with granite rock that was literally ground down by receding glacial ice sheets. It's a rolling area of land covered with thousands of lakes (mostly small), linked by rivers. Ural Mountains The Urals are 1,640 miles (2,640 km) in length and extend from the northern-edge of the Russian Federation down through Kazakhstan. They form a natural border between Asia and Europe. The highest point is Mt. Narodnaya at 6,214 ft. (1,894 m).

Question: Mt Elbrus, Europe's highest, is in which country?
Answer: RUSSIA