The Eiffel Tower V. Ryan ï¿½ 2001 - 2009 THE EIFFEL TOWER PDF FILE - CLICK HERE FOR PRINTABLE WORKSHEET The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous structures in the world. It was named after Alexandre Eiffel whose team of engineers designed it. It cost ï¿½260,000 to build in 1889 with most of the money being provided by Eiffel himself and the French state. The Eiffel Tower rises to a height of 985 feet and for over forty years it was the highest structure in the world. The top may be reached by using lifts and stairs with the first platform being 189 feet, the second being 380 feet and the third at 906 feet above the ground. The structure is largely composed of triangulated sections and this allowed the engineers to build the tower so high. It was originally looked upon as a temporary structure, built for the 1889 Worlds Fair. The Worlds Fair coincided with the centenary of the French Revolution. For forty years it was the tallest man-made structure in the world.

The Eiffel Tower was the entrance arch to the Worlds Fair and it was one of a number of designs entered as part of a competition. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel's company won the competition and so the the Tower became known as the Eiffel Tower. However, it was Morris Koechlin, an employee of Eiffel that designed the thousand foot structure. Alexandre Eiffel Morris Koechlin Koechlin was a junior employees of the Eiffel Construction Business which specialised in the designing and building of bridges and viaducts al over the world. one of his first jobs was to design the framework for the Statues of Liberty. His first design for the tower was rejected by Alexandre Gustave Eiffel as it was very plain and lacked 'class' and it was only after adding more graceful, ornate features that Eiffel decided to enter it for the competition. Eiffel also stated that he would finance the project to 80% of the cost of construction. The original idea was for the tower to be dismantled after a twenty year period. However, it was so well built and engineered that it was decided to leave it in position.

The various parts (of which there were thousands) were so well engineered that not even one had to be returned to workshops for alteration. After the first year of opening so much money had be raised from people visiting the tower that the cost of construction was covered and Eiffel became rich. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel conducted experiments on the tower such as using it as a giant pendulum, a pressure gauge, an instrument for measuring air resistance and atmospheric pressure. In 1898 it was discovered that the tower could also be used a magnificent radio tower. Consequently the Eiffel Tower was saved. What was the event that the Eiffel Tower was built for ? How many years was the Eiffel Tower the highest in the world ? What was the name of the engineer in charge of the project ? What was the background of the engineer who came up with the first design ? How was the original design improved before it was entered into the competition ? Why did the tower last longer than twenty years ? Was the Tower popular with the public ? Why was the towerï¿½s future secured ? Can you name any other large structures ? If so write some facts and try to draw a diagram of each.

Eiffel Tower > ENGINEERING.com Eiffel Tower The Engineer posted on October 13, 2006 | | 143666 views It has been called a technological masterpiece in building-construction history. Built in commemoration of the French Revolution, the Eiffel Tower is one of the world's premier tourist attractions. It has been compared to the Great Pyramid of Giza and St. Peter's Basilica in Rome. Nothing remotely like it has ever been constructed. The tower is located on the Left Bank of the Seine River, at the northwestern extreme of the Parc du Champ de Mars, a park in front of the École Militaire that used to be a military parade ground. To truly appreciate this marvelous structure, let's discuss its history. The tower was built for the Paris World's Fair in 1889. When the French Government was organizing this event, a competition was held for designs for a suitable monument. Over 100 designs were submitted, and the World's Fair Committee selected the conception of a 984 foot (300 meter) open-lattice wrought iron tower. This design was the creation of Alexendre-Gustave Eiffel.

He was a renown French civil engineer who specialized in metal construction. His previous works included an iron bridge at Bordeaux, the 540 foot (162 meter) Garabit viaduct, the moveable dome at the observatory in Nice, and the framework of the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbor. Eiffel startled the world with the construction of the tower. In contrast to such older monuments, Eiffel's tower was completed in a matter of months with a small labor force. Eiffel made use of advanced knowledge of the behavior of metal arch and metal truss form under loading, including wind forces. His results started a revolution in civil engineering and architectural design. With the completion of the tower, Eiffel earned the nickname, "magician of iron." The tower was almost torn down on several occasions and despite long and continuous protests, the tower vindicated itself aesthetically. With the advent of radio and television, the Eiffel Tower gained even greater importance as a transmission tower. For many years, it was the tallest man-made structure on earth. This tower's dimensions are remarkable.

The current height of the tower is 1069 feet (320.75 meters), which is about the equivalent of a 105-story building. It is still the tallest structure in Paris by a very wide margin. Its size is very deceiving since there are no other structures close to it. The levels accessible to the public are at heights of 189 feet (57.63 meters), or 19 stories; 380 feet (115.73 meters), or 38 stories; and 896 feet (273 meters), or 89 stories. From the summit, you can see as far away as Chartres (to the southwest) on a clear day. The base of the tower covers a square area of 328 feet (100 meters) on a side. You can stand in the center of the area at the base and look directly up at the floor of the second level, 38 stories above. The tower is built of puddled iron (very pure structural iron), and weights 7300 metric tons. It is extremely light. The tower actually weighs less than the air that surrounds it!

If a scale model of the tower one foot (30 cm) high were constructed, it would weigh only as much as a nickel (seven grams)! The four pillars supporting the tower are aligned to the points of the compass. You can use the tower as a reference to find you way in Paris. Another unique feature is the tower's base. The four semi-circular arches required elevators to ascend on a curve. The glass-cage machines were designed by the Otis Elevator Company of the United States. These elevators provide visitors a fantastic view as they ride to the top of the tower. This tower moves in the wind. On days with high, gusting winds, the wind can reach speeds in excess of 100 mph (160 kph) at the summit of the tower. Visitors can feel the tower swaying gently at the summit. Under such wind conditions, the tower is usually closed to the public, although there is always an engineer present at the summit to monitor telecommunications equipment. The magnitude of the sway in the tower, under worst-case conditions, is about six inches (15 cm).

There is no danger of the tower being damaged by wind-induced movement since it is designed to withstand movements easily five times beyond those produced by the highest winds ever recorded. Today, the movements are monitored by a laser alignment system. The tower also leans very slightly in bright sunlight, as one side is heated by the sun and expands slightly. A Bit of History The Eiffel Tower was built for the International Exhibition of Paris of 1889 commemorating the centenary of the French Revolution. The Prince of Wales, later King Edward VII of England, opened the tower. Of the 700 proposals submitted in a design competition, Gustave Eiffel's was unanimously chosen. However it was not accepted by all at first, and a petition of 300 names - including those of Maupassant, Emile Zola, Charles Garnier (architect of the Opéra Garnier), and Dumas the Younger - protested its construction. At 300 metres (320.75m including antenna), and 7000 tons, it was the world's tallest building until 1930. Other statistics include: 2.5 million rivets.

300 steel workers, and 2 years (1887-1889) to construct it. Sway of at most 12 cm in high winds. Height varies up to 15 cm depending on temperature. 15,000 iron pieces (excluding rivets). 40 tons of paint. 1652 steps to the top. It was almost torn down in 1909, but was saved because of its antenna - used for telegraphy at that time. Beginning in 1910 it became part of the International Time Service. French radio (since 1918), and French television (since 1957) have also made use of its stature. During its lifetime, the Eiffel Tower has also witnessed a few strange scenes, including being scaled by a mountaineer in 1954, and parachuted off of in 1984 by two Englishmen. In 1923 a journalist rode a bicycle down from the first level. Some accounts say he rode down the stairs, other accounts suggest the exterior of one of the tower's four legs which slope outward.

However, if its birth was difficult, it is now completely accepted and must be listed as one of the symbols of Paris itself. Ecole-Militaire seen through the base of the tower. Notes The tower has three platforms. A restaurant (extremely expensive; reservations absolutely necessary), the Jules Verne is on the second platform. The top platform has a bar, souvenir shop, and the (recently restored) office of Gustave Eiffel. From its platforms - especially the topmost - the view upon Paris is superb. It is generally agreed that one hour before sunset, the panorama is at its best. Eiffel and Aviation After the debacle of the Panama Canal with Ferdinand De Lessups, Gustave Eiffel began to experiment with enterprises to prove the usefulness of his tower. He had begun to develop a passionate interest in that which, at the turn of the century, was considered avant-garde science: meteorology, radiotelegraphy and aerodynamics. In 1889, M. Eiffel began to fit the peak of the tower as an observation station to measure the speed of wind.

He also encouraged several scientific experiments including Foucault's giant pendulum, a mercury barometer and the first experiment of radio transmission. In 1898, Eugene Ducretet at the Pantheon, received signals from the tower. After M. Eiffel had experimented in the field of meterology, he begun to look at the effects of wind and air resistance, the science that would later be termed aerodynamics, which has become a large part of both military and commerical aviation as well as rocket technology. Gustave Eiffel imagined an automatic device sliding along a cable that was stretched between the ground and the second floor of the Eiffel Tower. The limited capacity of the available measuring instruments, led M. Eiffel to a more sophisticated knowledge in aviation and, eventually, to wind tunnel experiments. He built a wind tunnel on the Champ de Mars, which was in use from 1909-1911. The tunnel was sufficient for lab experiments bit inadequate for the study of airplanes. However, with the help of several other engineers, Leon Rith, Lapresle, and Eiffel made over 5,000 tests in this lab.

Almost all the pioneers of aviation tested in this wind tunnel. In 1911, a better wind tunnel which is still in use was built and between 1912-1914, Eiffel began experiments with military equipment for WWI fighter planes. In 1917, the Eiffel Laboratory designed a very advanced monoplane chaser of which two prototypes were built in Breguet. One crashed due to pilot error. M. Eiffel was a contemporary of Samuel Langeley, the president of the Smithstonian Institute, for whom the NASA field center Langely Research Center was named. Much of Eiffel's work had gone on to help expand the science of aerodynamics. NASA used many propeller and wind tunnel experiments in their trainer planes for astronauts. Sources: Betrand Lemoine: Gustave Eiffel, Constructor Impimerie Alenconnaise 2 rue Edouard-Belin, 1988 Joseph Harriss, The Tallest Tower: Eiffel & The Belle Epoque Regnery Gateway (Washington, 1975).

Aviation Economics course: SUNY Farmingdale, taught by Professor Lavorata, 1994. Safety during the Construction of the Eiffel Tower From "The Tallest Tower" by Joseph Harriss: "Eiffel's execution had been marked by a deftness unique in the annals of great engineering projects. His clockwork precision had enabled him not only to meet his deadline, but to build the vertiguous structure with the loss of only one life, that of a worker who fell from the first platform while apparently showing off for his girlfriend after the bell had sounded ending the working day." Eiffel, Alexandre Gustave 1832-1923, French engineer. A noted constructor of bridges and viaducts, he also designed the Eiffel Tower and the internal structure of the Statue of Liberty. He was initially charged with corruption in the 1888 scandal of Ferdinand de Lesseps's failed Panama Canal project. Lesseps (1805-1894), the successful promoter and construction supervisor for the Suez Canal (1859-69), later assumed presidency of the French company building the Panama Canal starting in 1881.

Eiffel was hired to provide engineering services for the project. Seven year later the project was forced into bankruptcy amid charges of corruption. Lesseps was sentenced to prison for misappropriation of funds, but the sentence was not carried out. Eiffel was cleared of all wrongdoing by a French appeals court in 1893. Nonetheless, he withdrew from commercial life and spent the rest of his years studying aerodynamics. Recommended For You A History of the World's Tallest Structures Reddit You may be surprised that the title of the world’s tallest structure does not change hands that often. In fact, only 19 man-made structures have ever held the title throughout our history. An astounding fact when you realise how many tall structures have been constructed over the last five thousand years. Today, I would like to walk you through the tallest structures in world history: From the pyramids of Egypt right through to the amazing Burj Khalifa in Dubai.

Pyramid of Djoser (2648 BC to 2610 BC) Location: Saqqara, Egypt Construction Period: 2667 BC to 2648 BC (19 Years) Height: 62 m (203 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 38 years Also known as the Stepped Pyramid of Saqqara, the pyramid of Djoser was was built for the burial of Pharaoh Djoser in 27th century BC. Nowadays, it is better known as the first pyramid built by the Egyptians. 6 tombs of decreasing size were placed on top of each other (known as mastabas), which is why the top of the complex is known as a step-pyramid. Underneath the pyramid there is around 6 km of tunnels and chambers (please visit for a complete walkthrough of the Djoser complex). The pyramid of Djoser was the tallest structure in the world for 38 years.

Meidum Pyramid (2610 BC to 2605 BC) Location: Egypt Height: 93.5 m (307 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 5 Years Built by the pharaohs Huni and Sneferu , Meidum was a step-pyramid that was constructed on sand, not rock. This is one of the main reasons why the pyramid collapsed during construction . The heavy outer layers slid away, which is why the pyramid today resembles a cube. It was the tallest structure in the world for only 5 years, being succeeded by another pyramid built by the pharaoh Sneferu. Bent Pyramid (2605 BC to 2600 BC) Location: Egypt Height: 101.1 m (332 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 5 Years The second pyramid built by Sneferu, the bent pyramid got its name due to its 54 degrees inclination at the bottom and 43 degrees inclination at the top. Scientists believe that the inclination at the top was changed as a result of the meidum pyramid collapsing.

Check out guardians.net/egypt/cyberjourney/dahshur/bentpyramid/bent_pyramid_interior.htm for a look inside the bent pyramid complex. Like Meidum, the bent pyramid was at the top of the world for 5 years. Red Pyramid of Sneferu (2600 BC to 2560 BC) Location: Dahshur, Egypt Construction Period: 2617 BC to 2600 BC Height: 105 m (345 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 40 Years Also known as the North Pyramid, the red pyramid was the third constructed by the pharaoh Sneferu ( apparently on his 30th year of reign ). It was built at 43 degrees to make the pyramid more stable and is therefore regarded as the first true pyramid. It only features one internal structure . This was the last pyramid constructed by the pharaoh Sneferu. Interestingly, the pyramid was not always red . The outer layer of the pyramid was built with white Tura limestone, however those blocks were removed during the Middle Ages for buildings in Cairo, revealing the red sandstone underneath.

The pyramid was the tallest structure in the world for 40 years. Great Pyramid of Giza (2560 BC to 1311 AD) Location: Egypt Construction Period: 2560 BC to 2540 BC (20 Years) Height: 146.5 m (481 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 3,871 Years One of The Seven Wonders of the World, the great pyramid of Giza was the tallest structure in the world for nearly four thousand years. It is also referred to as the Pyramid of Khufu and the Pyramid of Cheops, after the pharaoh who constructed it. Image Credit When people think about the pyramids in Egypt, they are think about the great pyramid of Giza. It truly is a masterpiece. It is estimated that 2.3 million blocks were used to build the pyramid, weighing a whopping 5.9 million tonnes. Apparently, the four sides have an average error of only 58 millimetres in length. Til this day, we do not have conclusive proof on how the pyramid was built, though there are many different theories .

Due to erosion, the pyramid now stands 138.8 metres (455 ft) tall; approximately 8 metres less than it did when it was constructed. Lincoln Cathedral (1311 to 1549) Location: Lincoln, England Construction Period: 1092 to 1311 (219 Years) Height: 160 m (525 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 238 Years The Cathedral Church of the Blessed Virgin Mary of Lincoln, more commonly referred to as Lincoln Cathedral , is a medieval cathedral that took over 200 years to build. The Cathedral is steeped in history. In addition to being the home of the Bishop of Lincoln, it used to be the home of one of the original copies of Magna Carta . Had its central spire not collapsed in 1549, it would have been the tallest structure in the world for 573 years until the Washington Monument was built in 1884. Still, the title of the tallest structure in the world would remain within the religious world until that date. St.

Olaf’s Church (1549 to 1625) Location: Tallinn, Estonia Construction Period: 1438 to 1519 (81 Years) Height: 159 m (522 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 76 Years Dedicated to King Olaf II of Norway, St. Olaf’s Church was only one metre shorter than Lincoln Cathedral, however 30 years after being completed it was catapulted to the top of the world due to the collapse of Lincoln Cathedral’s central spire. Unfortunately, St. Olaf’s has had a lot of problems too. It has apparently been burned down three times in it’s history. It lost its tallest title when its spire was hit by lightning in 1625. Today the church stands 123.7 metres (406 ft) tall and has belonged to the Baptist church since 1950. St. Mary’s Church (1625 to 1647) Location: Stralsund, Germany Height: 151 m (495 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 2 to 2 Years When the spire of St.

Olaf’s was destroyed by lightning in 1625, St. Mary’s Church in Stralsund, Germany, was crowned the tallest structure in the world. The church was built 47 years before St. Olaf’s in Estonia, and had been standing for 147 years when it was unexpectedly crowned the tallest structure in the world. Unfortunately, the beautifully gothic St. Mary’s was knocked off the top stop in the same way. In 1495 its steeple tower was blown down during a storm and was subsequently rebuilt taller. It too was later struck by lightning in 1647 and was completely destroyed. Today the Cathedral stands at 104 metres (341 ft) tall. Strasbourg Cathedral (1647 to 1874) Location: Strasbourg, France Construction Period: 1015 to 1439 (424 Years) Height: 142 m (469 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 227 Years Also known as Cathedral of Our Lady of Strasbourg, Strasbourg Cathedral is a gothic style Catholic Cathedral that was completed in 1439.

208 years after it was completed, the Cathedral was crowned the tallest structure in the world due to two circumstances: St. Mary’s Church in Stralsund, Germany, losing its steeple tower, and The Great Pyramid of Giza eroding several metres below its former height. It was the third religious building in a row to be crowned the tallest structure by default due to the previous structure being destroyed. This had the bizarre effect of each of the tallest structures between 1549 and 1874 being smaller than the last tallest structure. Even more bizarre, because of the erosion of The Great Pyramid of Giza, Strasbourg Cathedral has the unique title of being the smallest “tallest structure” from 2560 BC to the present day (4573 years!!). It remained the tallest structure in the world for 227 years. St.

Nikolai (1874 to 1876) Location: Hamburg, Germany Construction Period: 1846 to 1874 (28 Years) Height: 147 m (483 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 2 Years The title of tallest structure remained in Strasbourg for over 200 years. It would then change hands 5 times in just 15 years. The Gothic Revival Church of St. Nicholas was 147 metres tall (482 ft) when it was completed in 1874; 5 metres higher than Strasbourg Cathedral. It was the tallest structure in the world for 2 years. Unfortunately, the church was mostly destroyed during the bombing of Hamburg on 28 July 1943. Most of it was destroyed 8 years later, however the front of the church, which includes the spire, remains.

Cathédrale Notre Dame (1876 to 1880) Location: Rouen, France Construction Period: 1202 to 1876 (674 Years) Height: 151 m (495 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 4 Years Cathédrale Notre Dame is a breathtaking Cathedral that was close to 700 years in the making. It contains a tomb of the famous English King, Richard the Lionheart (Richard I of England). Like St. Nikolai in Germany, Notre Dame was bombed during the second world war, however it was thankfully not destroyed. It was 4 metres higher than St. Nikolai, which was enough for it to lay claim as the tallest structure in the world. A title it would hold for 4 years. Cologne Cathedral (1880 to 1884) Location: Cologne, Germany Construction Period: 1248 to 1880 (632 Years) Height: 157.4 m (516 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 4 Years Cologne Cathedral is a beautiful Cathedral that took over 600 years to construct.

It is home to the famous Shrine of the Three Kings and Gero Cross . It was also bombed during the second world war but was luckily not destroyed. Today it is Germany’s most visited landmark. Its high spires helped it become the tallest structure in the world for 4 years, though it is the last religious structure in this prestigious list. Washington Monument (1884 to 1889) Location: Washington D.C., United States Construction Period: 1848 to 1854, 1877 to 1884 (36 Years from Start to Finish) Height: 169 m (555 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 5 Years Named after George Washington, the first president of the United States, the Washington Monument is one of the most famous landmarks in the USA. Construction was halted for over 20 years due to lack of funding, however funding was later secured and it was completed within 7 years. It is made of marble, granite and bluestone gneiss. It was the tallest structure in the world for 5 years.

Despite losing that title a long time ago, it continues to hold other records such as the world’s tallest stone structure and the world’s tallest obelisk. Eiffel Tower (1889 to 1930) Location: Paris, France Construction Period: 1887 to 1889 (2 Years) Height: 300.65 m (986 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 41 Years Completed in 1889 for the 1189 Paris World Fair, the Eiffel Tower is as famous now as it was back then.

It is one of the most famous landmarks in the world, however when it was being built it was criticised as being “useless and monstrous”: We, writers, painters, sculptors, architects and passionate devotees of the hitherto untouched beauty of Paris, protest with all our strength, with all our indignation in the name of slighted French taste, against the erection…of this useless and monstrous Eiffel Tower … To bring our arguments home, imagine for a moment a giddy, ridiculous tower dominating Paris like a gigantic black smokestack, crushing under its barbaric bulk Notre Dame, the Tour Saint-Jacques, the Louvre, the Dome of les Invalides, the Arc de Triomphe, all of our humiliated monuments will disappear in this ghastly dream. And for twenty years … we shall see stretching like a blot of ink the hateful shadow of the hateful column of bolted sheet metal. Despite these criticisms, the Eiffel Tower went on to win the hearts of everyone in Paris, and today it remains the most visited monument in the world. Image Credit The tower was slightly over 300 metres when it was constructed in 1889.

It was the tallest structure in the world for 41 years until the Chrysler Building was completed in 1930. Interestingly, an antenna was added to the top of the tower in 1957 that extended its height to 324 metres (1,063 ft). This means that today the Eiffel Tower is 5 metres higher than the building that stole its tallest structure title; which is justice in a way, as the Chrysler Building added its high spire of 38 metres specifically to take the crown as the world’s tallest structure. Chrysler Building (1930 to 1931) Location: New York, United States Construction Period: 1928 to 1930 (2 Years) Height: 319 m (1,046 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 1 Year The Chrysler Building held the title of the world’s tallest structure for the least amount of time in history: Only 11 months. It was surpassed the following year by the more famous Empire State Building. It is a shame that the Chrysler Building is not as famous as it is arguably much more beautiful.

Its art deco style still stands out today due to its stylish crown, which lights up at night. No workers died during the construction of the building, despite it being built at a rate of four floors every week. Today, it remains the tallest brick building in the world and the fourth largest building in New York (a position it shares with the 2007 New York Times Building). Empire State Building (1931 to 1967) Location: New York, United States Construction Period: 1930 to 1931 Height: 381 m (1,250 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 36 Years Many argue that the Chrysler Building is more stylish, however it is difficult to argue that the Empire State Building is more iconic. Since King Kong climbed to the top, it has been famous all around the world. It is still the most recognisable skyscraper in the world. Image Credit The Empire State Building was the tallest structure in the world for 36 years and the tallest building in the world for 41 years (when the World Trade Centre towers were completed in Lower Manhattan in 1972).

It was also the first skyscraper to have more than 100 floors. The building was delivered under budget and was completed in only 15 months, 3 months less than it had been scheduled for completion. The quoted height of the building of 381 metres is the height to the top of the roof. When you include the antenna at the top, its height increases to 443 metres (1,454 ft). Ostankino Tower (1967 to 1976) Location: Moscow, Russia Construction Period: 1963 to 1967 (4 Years) Height: 540.1 m (1,772 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 9 Years Completed in 1967, the Ostankino Tower in Moscow, Russia, is a television and radio tower that held the title of the tallest structure in the world for 9 years. It lost the title to CN Tower, however it remained the second tallest structure for over 30 years. To this day Ostankino Tower is the tallest structure in Europe and the sixth tallest structure in the world.

CN Tower (1976 to 2007) Location: Toronto, Canada Construction Period: 1973 to 1976 (3 Years) Height: 553.33 m (1,815.4 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 32 Years CN Tower is an impressive concrete tower that was built for communications in Toronto, Canada. It is one of the most recognised structures in Canada, with millions of people visiting it every year. It was the tallest structure in the world for over 3 decades. It is only 13 metres higher than Ostankino Tower. There were plans twenty years ago to add a 21 metre high antenna to the top of the Ostankino Tower. This would have taken the tallest structure title away from CN Tower at the time, however the antenna was never built. As such, CN Tower remained the tallest structure in the world until 2007 (though technically it held the title until 2010, as that is when the Burj Khalifa officially opened).

Burj Khalifa (2007 to Present) Location: Dubai, United Arab Emirates Construction Period: 2004 to 2009 (5 Years) Height: 829.8 m (2,722 ft) Tallest Structure Crown: 6 Years and Counting The Burj Khalifa topped out in January 2009 and officially opened on 4 January 2010, however it surpassed the height of CN Tower during 2007. It was previously known as The Burj Dubai but its name changed to honour UAE President Khalifa bin Zayed Al Nahyan. The building is nothing short of a masterpiece. It has 163 floors plus 46 maintenance levels. It has broken several world records for its height. It even has records such as the world’s highest nightclub, highest restaurant and highest elevator installation. Burj Khalifa did not break the tallest structure in the world record: It smashed it! It is just over 50% higher than CN Tower. No other structure today even comes close. The World’s Tallest Structures For thousands of years, the worlds tallest structures belonged to the pharaohs.

Then, for nearly 600 years, all of the tallest structures in the world belonged to Christianity. After a short run at the top by Washington Monument, all of tallest structures in the world have been towers and skyscrapers. Today, the tallest structure has returned to the middle east. There are dozens of tall structures being developed over the next 5 years, however there is none in development that are even close to the height of the Burj Khalifa. The 718 metre high India Tower in Mumbai is the closest, however that project is on hold (and rumoured to be cancelled). China currently has five skyscrapers in development between 2015 and 2017 that will be between 580 and 660 metres; however even when those are completed, the Burj Khalifa will be the tallest in the world by a long way. I can’t help but think that China will build a record breaking structure one day, and when they do, I expect a taller building to be constructed in Dubai, or another city in the Middle East. Mark my words, you are going to see a structure break the 1 kilometre milestone within the next 10 years.

I have no doubt of that. I hope you have enjoyed this review of the world’s tallest structures. If you enjoyed this post, make sure you are subscribed to updates, as over the next few weeks I will be publishing more interesting articles about buildings and skyscrapers. Which of the tallest structures have you visited? Please leave a comment and let me know 🙂 Kevin The Eiffel Tower - Historical Monument | Join us on a tour of the best tourist areas in the World The Eiffel Tower 4:48:00 AM EUROPE The Eiffel Tower The Eiffel Tower (French: Tour Eiffel ,Arabic: برج ايفل ) is a wrought iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel , whose company designed and built the tower. Constructed in 1889 as the entrance to the World's Fair, it was initially criticized by some of France's leading artists and intellectuals for its design, but it has become a global cultural icon of France and one of the most recognisable structures in the world.

The Eiffel Tower is the most visited paid monument in the world; 6.91 million people ascended it in 2015. The tower is 324 metres (1,063 foot) tall, about the same height as an 81-storey building, and the tallest structure in Paris. Its base is square, measuring 125 metres (410 foot) on each side. During its construction, the Eiffel Tower surpassed the Washington Monument to become the tallest man-made structure in the world, a title it held for 41 years until the Chrysler Building in New York City was finished in 1930. Due to the addition of a broadcasting aerial at the top of the tower in 1957, it is now taller than the Chrysler Building by 5.2 metres (17 foot). Excluding transmitters, the Eiffel Tower is the second-tallest structure in France after the Millau Viaduct .

Design and construction Construction work began on January 26, 1887, and lasted for 26 months with the participation of approximately 50 engineers and 300 workers; where they were in the first five months building the foundations while building the XXI tower took the following months, ending all business on March 31, 1889. The tower opened officially in the May 6, 1889. The period of 1887-1889 was the construction standard which, given the tools available in that era and compared with the extent of precision and magnitude that characterized this building. The tower consists of 18,038 pieces of iron and 2.5 million total nail and weighs 10 tons, which is based on four pillars made up with each other base dimensions of 125 * 125 meters of any area of ​​15,625 m² Technical specification TECHNOLOGY BLOG: STRUCTURES. THE EIFFEL TOWER This is the Technology blog for bilingual students at IES Parque Lineal (Albacete). 17 ene. 2011 STRUCTURES.

THE EIFFEL TOWER The Eiffel Tower is one of the most famous structures in the world. It was named after Alexandre Eiffel whose team of engineers designed it. It cost £260,000 to build in 1889 with most of the money being provided by Eiffel himself and the French state. The Eiffel Tower rises to a height of 985 feet and for over forty years it was the highest structure in the world. The top may be reached by using lifts and stairs with the first platform being 57,6 metres (189 feet), the second being 116 metres (380 feet) and the third at 276 metres (906 feet) above the ground. The structure is largely composed of triangulated sections and this allowed the engineers to build the tower so high. It was originally looked upon as a temporary structure, built for the 1889 Worlds Fair. The Worlds Fair coincided with the centenary of the French Revolution. For forty years it was the tallest man-made structure in the world.

The Eiffel Tower was the entrance arch to the Worlds Fair and it was one of a number of designs entered as part of a competition. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel's company won the competition and so the the Tower became known as the Eiffel Tower. However, it was Morris Koechlin, an employee of Eiffel that designed the thousand foot structure. Koechlin was a junior employees of the Eiffel Construction Business which specialised in the designing and building of bridges and viaducts al over the world. one of his first jobs was to design the framework for the Statues of Liberty. His first design for the tower was rejected by Alexandre Gustave Eiffel as it was very plain and lacked 'class' and it was only after adding more graceful, ornate features that Eiffel decided to enter it for the competition. Eiffel also stated that he would finance the project to 80% of the cost of construction. The original idea was for the tower to be dismantled after a twenty year period. However, it was so well built and engineered that it was decided to leave it in position.

The various parts (of which there were thousands) were so well engineered that not even one had to be returned to workshops for alteration. After the first year of opening so much money had be raised from people visiting the tower that the cost of construction was covered and Eiffel became rich. Alexandre Gustave Eiffel conducted experiments on the tower such as using it as a giant pendulum, a pressure gauge, an instrument for measuring air resistance and atmospheric pressure. In 1898 it was discovered that the tower could also be used a magnificent radio tower. Consequently the Eiffel Tower was saved. .

Question: What tower, built for the World's Fair, became the tallest man-made structure?
Answer: Eiffel Tower