English Breweries - Metapedia English Breweries Jump to: navigation , search English breweries have a long reputation of making some of the best ale beer throughout the world. Here is a list of some breweries and their products. Contents Adnams Brewery Adnams Adnams was first started in 1872 in Southwold, Suffolk, England when George and Ernest Adnams bought the old Sole Bay Brewery. The company was incorporated in 1890, has remained independent since then, producing a range of beers for distribution mainly in East Anglia. At the beginning of 2004, Adnams purchased land in neighbouring town of Reydon to expand their business with a new distribution centre, which was nominated for the 2007 RICS East of England Award for Sustainability. The earliest recorded brewing on the site of Adnams was in 1396 by Johanna de Corby. The present brewery was taken over by George and Ernest Adnams in 1857 and turned into a public company in 1891.

The Adnams family was joined by the Loftus family in 1901, and Adnams still has three members of the family working within the company, with John Adnams as president, Simon Loftus as chairman and Jonathan Adnams as joint managing director. Adnams remains committed to brewing cask ale and non themed pubs. Real Ale is available in 96 of its 98 pubs and it also supplies some 750 other outlets direct. New fermenting vessels were due to be installed in 2001 to cope with demand. The company produces cask ale and pasteurised bottled beers. Annual production is around 70,000 barrels. Casks of Adnams ale used to be delivered to the pubs of Southwold by horse and dray until September 2006 when the distribution center was moved to a new location three miles outside the town. Adnams' most recent advertising campaign has the slogan: "Beer from the Coast". Adnams is also a major regional wine merchant and pub company. The company founded a charity, The Adnams Charity, in 1990 to celebrate its centenary as a public company.

A percentage of the company's annual profits is used to support worthwhile causes within a 25 mile radius of Southwold. Beers Adnams produce three regular cask ales and six seasonal ales: The Bitter - 3.7% session bitter, a regular beer. Explorer - 4.3% best bitter. Introduced in 2004 as a summer seasonal; became a regular beer from February 2006. Oyster Stout - 4.3% winter stout. Regatta - 4.3% golden ale. Broadside - 4.7% premium bitter, a regular beer. Barley Mow - 5.0% amber ale, rich and full-bodied. May Day - 5.0% golden ale. Tally Ho - 7.0% barley wine, available during the winter months. Old Ale - available from October 2006, "a cold weather beer" (alcohol content not yet known). Plus three pasteurised bottled beers: The Bitter (formerly Suffolk Strong Ale) - 4.5% bottled version of the retired cask Extra.

Explorer - 5.5% bottled ale which, like the cask Explorer, is a blend of English and American styles. Broadside - 6.3% bottled strong ale. Bass Bass is the name of a former brewery and the brand name for several English beers originally brewed in Burton upon Trent at Bass Brewery and still brewed in Burton by Coors. Bass is most particularly associated with their pale ale. The distinctive Red Triangle logo for Bass Pale Ale was Britain's first registered trademark. Bass The Bass & Co Brewery was established by William Bass in 1777 and was one of the first breweries in Burton upon Trent. Early in the company's history, Bass was exporting bottled beer around the world with the Baltic trade being supplied through the port of Hull. Growing demand led to the building of a second brewery in Burton upon Trent in 1799 by Michael Bass, the founder's son, who entered into partnership with John Ratcliff. The water produced from boreholes in the locality became popular with brewers, with 30 different breweries operating in the mid 19th centuries.

Michael's son, another Michael succeeded on the death of his father in 1827, renewed the Ratcliff partnership and brought in John Gretton, creating the company of 'Bass, Ratcliff and Gretton' as it traded in the 19th century. The opening of the railway through Burton in 1839 led to Burton becoming pre-eminent as a brewing town. In the mid 1870's Bass, Ratclif and Gretton accounted for one third of Burton's output. The company became a public limited company in 1888, following the death of Michael in 1884, who was succeeded by his son, another Michael, later Lord Burton. Both Michael Bass and Lord Burton were considerable philanthropists with extensive charitable donations to the towns of Burton and Derby. Early in the 20th century in a declining market many Burton breweries closed down. The numbers fell from 20 in 1900 to 8 in 1928. Bass took over the breweries of Worthington, Walkers and Thomas Salt.

By the end of the 20th century, following decades of closures and consolidation, Bass was left with one of the two large breweries remaining in the town. It also had substantial holdings in hotels, now owned by InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG). Over the years of its ascendancy, Bass maintained its dominance in the UK market by the acquisition of other brewers such as Birmingham-based Mitchells & Butlers (1961), London brewer Charringtons (1967), Sheffield brewer William Stones Ltd (1968) and Lincolnshire based Hewitt Brothers Limited (1969) (with the overall company being known as Bass, Mitchells and Butlers or Bass Charrington at various times). The Mitchells and Butlers name lives on as the company that retained the licensed retail outlet business when it was separated from the Six Continents PLC company (the successor to Bass PLC) in 2003. Rudyard Kipling was featured in a magazine advertisement for Bass in 1991. Black Sheep Brewery The Black Sheep Brewery is a brewery in Masham, Yorkshire . Masham is also the home of the Theakston brewery.

The Black Sheep brewery was established by Paul Theakston in 1992. Theakston brewery itself had first been taken over by Matthew Brown following disagreements between members of the family and other shareholders. Matthew Brown was in turn taken over by Scottish and Newcastle in 1987. At this point Paul Theakston left and purchased the former Lightfoot's brewery site from an animal feed company. Black Sheep Paul wanted to use the Lightfoot name to bring back an old brewing tradition; however it was discovered that this name had been trademarked by Scottish and Newcastle. The associations of Masham with sheep led Paul to come up with the name "Sheep Brewery" which later became "Black Sheep" at his wife's suggestion. The brewery produces a range of well-hopped bitters, to distinguish itself from Theakston's range of fruity and yeasty beers. The brewery quickly became successful after formation, and now produces over 50,000 barrels a year. Many pubs in Yorkshire Dales display the Black Sheep logo, even if they do not sell the beer; the brewery manufactures pub signage free of charge including their own logo on each sign.

The brewery re-launched their Emmerdale Ale as a lower-alcohol beer (formerly 5%) on 27th January 2006 at The Crown in Manfield for the Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA). The launch party saw Chris Chittell (Eric Pollard from the Emmerdale TV series) pull the first pint of the new brew. The night also marked the rebranding of Black Sheep's Special Ale (in cask form) as Black Sheep Ale, the name that it has been sold as in bottles since 1992, bringing both into line. Beers Emmerdale, 4.2% Riggwelter, 5.7% According to the website, "...Riggwelter takes its name from the local Yorkshire Dales dialect – when a sheep is on its back and can’t get up without help, local dialect says it is riggwelted. This dialect word comes from the old Viking words: ‘rigg’ meaning back and ‘velte’ to overturn.".

Riggwelter is also popular in Sweden, being in the top 20 of bottled ales sold in that country Black Sheep Ale (formerly Special Ale in cask form), 4.4% Holy Grail, 4.7% The official Ale of the Monty Python franchise Emmerdale, 4.2% Riggwelter, 5.7% Golden Sheep, 4.7% (produced specially for Tesco as part of their "Finest" range) Yorkshire Square Ale, 5.0%, named after a particular fermentation system originated over 200 years ago using double decked vessels called "squares" made of slate or stone. The brewery still brews some beers in 100 year old slate squares. This beer is available in Morrisons stores. Boddingtons Boddingtons is an English beer, originally from Manchester , United Kingdom that has been brewed for more than 200 years. The bitter is now sold in over 30 countries worldwide, and can be drunk on tap around the world in countries as diverse as New Zealand , China , and the United States .

Boddingtons The Strangeways Brewery was founded by two grain merchants, Thomas Caister and Thomas Fry, in 1778. The location of the brewery, just outside the city center, was chosen to avoid a grain tax levied by local mills that belonged to Manchester Grammar School. Henry Boddington joined the brewery in 1832 as a traveller, and eventually rose up to become a partner in the company. In 1853 he borrowed money to become the sole owner of the enterprise. Boddingtons remained a family company until 1989, when the last Family chairman Mr Ewart Boddington sold the Strangeways brewery and the Boddingtons beer brand to Whitbread for £50.7 million. In May 2000, the Whitbread Beer Company was acquired by Interbrew. Brewed in Manchester since 1778, Boddingtons contains 3.8% and 4.1% alcohol-by-volume in cask.In September 2004, InBev announced plans to close the Strangeways brewery and move production out of Manchester, Lancashire, to Magor in South Wales and Glasgow .

However, the brewing of Boddingtons cask ale was moved to Hydes Brewery in Moss Side, Manchester. Copper Dragon Copper Dragon Copper Dragon Brewery is a brewery located in Skipton, North Yorkshire . They started brewing in 2002 and currently produce five different cask beers, four of which are also available bottled: Best Bitter Bitter 3.8%(cask) Challenger I.P.A. India Pale Ale 4.4%(cask), 4.8%(bottled) Golden Pippin Blonde 3.9%(cask), 4.2%(bottled) Scotts 1816 Bitter 4.1%(cask), 4.4%(bottled) Black Gold Mild 3.7%(cask and bottled) Fuller, Smith and Turner Fuller, Smith and Turner is the full name of the brewery company better known simply as Fuller's. They brew a range of cask ales at the Griffin Brewery in Chiswick, West London. As well as the range of beers, Fuller's brewery is famous for having the oldest wisteria plant in the UK, planted in the early 19th century.

Fuller's bought Gales Brewery, a Hampshire brewer in 2005. This increased the number of tied houses owned by Fuller's by 111, but caused some concern, particularly from Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA), at the closure of Gale's Horndean brewery and possible loss of brands. The deal itself was worth £91.8 million. Fuller's London Pride Fuller's has a number of regular brands: Fuller's ESB (Extra Special Bitter) is a strong bitter. ESB has won CAMRA's Best Strong Ale award on seven separate occasions, more times than any other beer. The beer was rebranded from its old black and red livery, to the current blue and gold in late 2004 in an attempt to shake off its reputation as a very strong beer. Fuller's London Pride, the company’s flagship brand, is a mahogany coloured best bitter. The beer is best known in England in its 4.1% cask conditioned form, but is also sold worldwide in 4.7% pasteurized bottles. Fuller's Golden Pride is a barley wine.

At 8.3%, it is the strongest beer in the Fuller's range, and one of the strongest beers widely available in the UK. It is sold in pasteurized 50cl bottles in most Fuller's tied houses, and some UK supermarkets. Fuller's Organic Honey Dew is a golden ale brewed with entirely organic ingredients. As well as malt and hops, it is also brewed with honey, giving it a slightly sweet taste. It is widely available in the UK in pasteurized 50 cl bottles, and is available in keg form all year round in many Fuller's tied houses. Fuller's 1845 is a strong Bottle-conditioned beer. It was first brewed in 1995 to celebrate Fuller's 150th anniversary. 1845 is also available in Fuller's tied houses as a seasonal cask ale. Fuller's Chiswick Bitter is a 3.5% cask conditioned ordinary or session bitter and sold in most Fuller's tied houses. Fuller's London Porter. London Porter is available in pasteurized 50 cl bottles and in Fuller's tied houses as a seasonal cask ale.

Fuller's IPA is a premium bitter produced mostly for export to the United States but also sold seasonally in the United Kingdom in Fuller's tied houses as a cask ale and in 500ml bottles. Fuller's Vintage Ale is a vintage bottle conditioned ale. Each year’s brew is roughly based on Golden Pride, but with minor changes in the recipe. It is generally released around Christmas, and has been made since 1997. Fuller's Hock is a dark mild available in Fuller's tied houses as a seasonal cask ale. Fuller's Discovery is a blonde ale first brewed in 2005, and sold cask conditioned year round and in 50cl pasteurized bottles. Fuller’s Summer Ale is a seasonal blonde ale sold during the summer months both in casks and in 50cl pasteurized bottles. Fuller's Jack Frost is a seasonal ale sold flavoured with blackberries. It is available as a seasonal cask conditioned ale, and in pasteurized 50 cl bottles in the winter. It was introduced in 2000.

Fuller's Red Fox is a ruby coloured seasonal ale introduced in 1999, and flavoured with toasted oats. It is available as a seasonal cask conditioned ale. Fuller's Pale Ale is a pasturized pale ale available in 275ml bottles in most Fullers tied houses. Fuller's Old Winter Ale is a dark seasonal ale sold during winter in 50cl bottles. Fuller's Mr Harry is a deep-amber coloured bitter. Fuller's also brew a range of beers under the George Gales brand: Gales' HSB (Horndean Special Bitter) is a cask conditioned 4.8% premium strength bitter. Gales' Butser is a 3.4% cask conditioned bitter named after the dominant hill in the downs close to the former Gales' brewery at Horndean. Gales' Festival Mild is a 4.8% cask conditioned premium strength mild ale, first brewed as a special for a 1990 beer festival with the aim of helping to revive mild ales . Healthy sales quickly saw it become a regular Gales brand.

Gales' Prize Old Ale is a 9% bottle conditioned beer, sold in a corked bottle. Gales' Swing Low is a 4.1 % bitter brewed seasonally around England rugby tournaments Gales' Trafalgar is a 4.3% seasonal ale brewed to celebrate the 200th Trafalgar Day Gales' Seafarers is a 4.5% ale where a donation from every sale is given to the "King George Fund for Sailors" Gales' Winter Brew is a 4.2 winter ale with which is very similar to Prize Old Ale Greene King Greene King is a British brewery established in 1799 in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk. It has grown to become the largest British owned brewery in the UK by a series of takeovers which have been the cause of some controversy. The brewery is owned by Greene King PLC, a catering company based and operating in England. It is listed on the London stock exchange, and is a component of the FTSE 250 share index. Greene King's Westgate brewery is situated in Bury St Edmunds, Suffolk, UK.

It was established in 1799 by Benjamin Greene, the great-grandfather of the famous writer Graham Greene and his brothers Hugh (television executive) and Raymond (Everest mountaineer and physician). There is a visitor center next door to the brewery, and tours can be arranged. The company also owns pubs and hotels including the Hungry Horse pub chain. Greene King dominates the pub scene in many parts of East Anglia, with a large number of both urban and rural establishments. It also has a stand named after it at Ipswich Town's football ground, Portman Road. The company has won awards for its pubs in recent years and Greene King IPA won the Gold award at the 2004 Campaign for Real Ale (CAMRA) Great British Beer Festival in the Bitter category and runner up in the Champion Beer Of Britain category. Greene King Historically Greene King has grown both organically and via merger and acquisition. Key acquisitions in recent years include , Morland (1999) inc Ruddles, Ridley's (2005), Belhaven (2005) & Hardys and Hansons plc (2006).

Of these, only the Belhaven Brewery remains open, with the surviving brews of the other three now being produced at Bury St Edmunds. In August 2007 Greene King announced it had acquired the 35 strong Loch Fyne fish restaurant chain. Beers Abbot Ale - A strong Ale availabe on cask nationally and in bottles from most Supermarkets and off-licences. It is perhaps Greene King's most popular beer. IPA - A cask bitter served in pubs and cans available from supermarkets and off-licences nationally. Ruddles County - A 4.3% bitter available on cask nationally and pasteurized in bottles in most British supermarkets. Ruddles Best Bitter - A traditional 3.7% session bitter with national distribution. Ruddles Orchard - This 4.2% cask bitter consists of Ruddles County with the addition of apple concentrate. Also available pasteurized in bottles. Old Speckled Hen" is a popular bitter, available both as a cask ale and pasteurised in bottles.

First brewed in 1979 by Morland Brewery in Abingdon, Oxfordshire to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the MG car company setting up in Abingdon, and named after the brewery's own MG car - the paint splattered Owld' Speckled 'Un. Brewed since 1999 by Greene King. Greene King have retained the unique strain of yeast first used in 1896. In August 2006, Greene King announced that the ABV of draught Old Speckled Hen (cask and keg) would be reduced from 5.2% to 4.5%, though the bottled version would remain at 5.2% Hen's Tooth - A 6.5% bottle conditioned beer. Tanners Jack - ABV 4.4% - Regularly seen across the country as a guest beer, often found in Weatherspoons. Also available in 500ml bottle. Morland Original - ABV 4.0% - Not seen as much as it once was but often pops up in the old Morland heartlands. Also available in 500ml bottle.

Old Bob - Still popular in Essex despite the beer's new journey from Bury St Edmunds; it is 5.1% and available both on cask and bottled. Ridley's IPA - A beer on the verge of extinction, this 3.5% session bitter is now only seen in former Ridley's "tied houses" (i.e. those that were owned by the Ridley's brewery before the Greene King takeover). It is not known how much longer this beer will be available. Olde Trip - A 4.3% Premium Ale. As of September 2007 this was for sale in the Brewery Museum in 500ml bottles. Jennings Brewery Jennings Brewery was established as a family concern in 1828 in the village of Lorton, between Keswick and Cockermouth in the Lake District , England. The brewery was started by John Jennings Snr, son of William Jennings (a maltster). Jennings brewed exclusively in Lorton until 1874 when its present home, the Castle Brewery in Cockermouth, was purchased. The Lorton brewery closed some five years later.

Jennings Brewery brew a range of ales using lakeland water drawn from the brewery's own well, malted Maris Otter barley from Norfolk and Goldings, Fuggles and Challenger hops from Kent, Herefordshire and Worcestershire. The malt used by Jennings brewery is screened and crushed rather than ground into a flour to keep the husks as whole as possible. The hops used are flaked rather than the increasingly popular hop pellets available nowadays. Snecklifter Brand In May 2005 Jennings Brewery was purchased by the national brewer, Wolverhampton & Dudley Breweries, renamed Marston's PLC in January 2007. The purchase was opposed by the Campaign for Real Ale, which feared W&DB would close the Cockermouth brewery. These fears seem to have been unfounded, however, as in June 2005 W&DB announced it would invest £250,000 to expand fermenting and cask racking capacity in Cockermouth. Following the takeover by W&DB, the brewery's distribution centre in Workington was closed and its tied estate of 127 pubs absorbed by the W&DB pub company.

Due to the takeover and subsequent name change, Marston's Pedigree is becoming more common in Jennings pubs. Jennings beers are available across the north of England and are increasingly seen in W&DB pubs in the midlands as well as being sold in free trade outlets throughout the country. Cumberland Ale (4.0% ABV) - Cumberland Ale (or a pint of sausage) has been brewed for over 100 years. The brewery's biggest selling ale. Bitter (3.5% ABV) - The original beer from the Jennings brewery in Cockermouth and the brewery's biggest seller in west Cumbria. Sneck Lifter (5.1% ABV) - Launched in 1990 as a winter beer and moved into all year round in 1995. "Sneck" is a northern word for door latch. A sneck lifter is a man's last sixpence, allowing him to lift the pub's door latch and purchase a pint, whereupon he hopes to make enough friends that they may offer to buy him further rounds. Dark Mild (3.1% ABV) - Due to the decline of milds this is becoming a rare find.

Cocker Hoop (4.6% ABV) - Launched in 1995 as "September Ale". Cock-a-hoop is the old custom of removing the cork from a barrel and resting it on the hoop of the cask before drinking from that barrel. It's name was changed to Cocker Hoop as a reminder of the breweries location on the banks of the River Cocker. Crag Rat (4.3% ABV Mar-Apr) - Launched in May 2001. Named for slang for rock climbers. Has been found available out of season. Golden Host (4.3% ABV Mar-Apr) Tom Fool (4.0% ABV) - Thomas Skelton of Muncaster Castle in the Lake District was known for his pranks or "Tomfoolery". Part of his will reads: "And when I’m bury’d then my friends may drink, but each man pay for his self, yt’s best I thinke!" Fish King (4.3% ABV) - Launched in 2005 when it was brewed as a celebration of the Lake District Osprey Project.

Red Breast (4.5% ABV Oct-Jan) World's Biggest Liar (4.3% ABV) Mountain Man (4.3% ABV) Bitter Smooth (3.5% ABV) - Launched in 1996 Cumberland Cream (4.0% ABV) Laal Cockle Warmer (6.5%% ABV) - Winter seasonal ale from 1995 after former winter ale, Sneck Lifter went to all year round. "La'al" is the Cumbrian word for little and, due to the strength of this ale, it may sometimes be drunk in half pints. Cockle Warmer was last brewed in December 2005 and is unlikely to be brewed again until 2008 at the earliest. John Smith's John Smith's is a brewery founded in 1847 by John Smith at Tadcaster in North Yorkshire, England when he bought an older brewery. The brewery is currently owned by Scottish & Newcastle. The company brews Websters Yorkshire Bitter and John Smith's Bitter / Extra Smooth, among other brands.John Smith's was originally brewed at the Old Brewery Tadcaster.

However in 1884 William Smith, the brother of John, built a new, bigger brewery nextdoor. Due to John's will the Old Brewery passed to Samuel, his nephew, who founded Samuel Smith's there. John Smith's Despite a take over by Courage in the 1970s and its subsequent take over by Scottish & Newcastle, the Tadcaster brewery is still where John Smith's beers are brewed, mainly due to its excellent site. Although one of the main reasons why the brewery was built: the hard well water of Tadcaster (ideal for brewing) is no longer important due to technological advances, Tadcaster remains ideal as it is only a small town (population around 6,000), therefore there is plenty of land for expansion (the brewery has expanded significantly since 1884) and it is well situated near to the cities of Leeds and York ( Jorvik } and the M1 motorway. The brewery brews roughly 3 million barrels of beer per year. Beers It is best known for John Smith's Yorkshire Bitter, which is the leading brand of bitter in the United Kingdom.

It owes this success partly due to its recent marketing campaign starring popular comedian Peter Kay and developed by the Scottish & Newcastle marketing team who are also responsible for Foster's Lager advertising. John Smith's Bitter is so successful it is in the top 10 beers of Britain competing with usually far more popular lagers. The overwhelming majority of sales of John Smith's is of the Extra Smooth pasteurized and filtered version, served from pressurized kegs, rather than the more traditional version served by pubs from casks. Therefore most John Smith's Bitter produced is not in fact real ale, although a cask version is commonly consumed in Yorkshire pubs and across the UK. Marston's John Marston founded his brewery in 1834, and it moved to its present site in Burton upon Trent, Staffordshire , England after Marston's company merged with Thompson's in 1898. In 1999, Wolverhampton & Dudley Breweries purchased Marston, Thompson & Evershed PLC of Burton upon Trent (including Marston's Brewery). Marston's Brewery took over production – under licence from Interbrew – of Draught Bass in 2005, succeeding Coors.

Also in 1999 the company purchased the Mansfield Brewery Company of Mansfield. Later, in 2005, the Jennings Brewery of Cockermouth was also purchased and most recently in July 2007 Hampshire based Ringwood Brewery, which was established in 1978. Ringwoods beer portfolio includes Best Bitter, Fortyniner, and Old Thumper. Marston's Marston's Brewery makes use of water from the famous Burton Well, reputedly discovered by Benedictine Monks in the thirteenth century. Marston's is also the only remaining brewer to use Burton Union Sets; a system whereby fermentation barrels and troughs are linked together by a complex system of copper and brass pipework. The basic principle is one of preventing excessive beer and yeast loss through foaming, but the consequence is that the beer is both in contact with more wood and in contact with more beer (fermenting in a bigger volume). This results in a vastly more consistent flavour; and very little chance of a whole batch being ruined. All other large-scale brewers have abandoned this method in favour of stainless steel vats, which while they assure (through volume) a consistent flavour, do not permit the use of traditional yeast varieties.

They also make selective use of the unusual double dropping process which introduces complex flavors due to a period of accelerated yeast growth. Beers Pedigree Marston's flagship beer is Pedigree, a bitter. Typically Marston's uses the standard combination of Maris Otter barley and Fuggles and Goldings hops. Burton Bitter Oyster Stout - Introduced in 1994 as a 4.5% standard stout marketed to accompany oysters. Newcastle Newcastle Brown Ale is a brand of dark brown ale. It has been brewed in Newcastle upon Tyne , England, since April 1927 by Newcastle Breweries (now a part of Scottish and Newcastle). In August 2005, Scottish and Newcastle closed the Tyne Brewery. The last Brown Ale was brewed at Tyne in April; production was moved across the river to the Federation Brewery in Dunston, Gateshead, where it is brewed by Newcastle Federation Breweries Ltd. Newcastle Brown Ale had been granted Protected Geographical Indication status by the EU. Since Scottish and Newcastle moved production outside of the city, the future of its PGI status is uncertain.

As of December 2006, an application to cancel its PGI status is being considered. In Newcastle, the beer is often called 'Dog' (or simply 'Broon'). The 'Dog' name comes from the euphemism "I'm going to walk the dog" or "I'm going to see a man about a dog" - meaning "I'm going to the pub" - and was further popularized by a 1980s advertising campaign. In southern parts of the country it is often referred to as "Newkie Brown". Newcastle Brown Ale is traditionally sold in pint (more recently 550ml) bottles, and consumed from a 12oz 'Wellington' glass. This allows the drinker to regularly top-up the beer and thereby maintain a frothy 'head'. Newcastle Brown Ale Newcastle Brown Ale was originally created by Colonel J. Porter in 1925, the recipe, however, was adapted over a period of three years to create the flavor that is distinct to the beer today. When first exhibited, Newcastle Brown Ale swept the board at the prestigious 1928 International Brewery Awards. The gold medals from these awards are still featured on the label.

The blue star logo was introduced to the Newcastle Brown Ale bottle in 1928, the year after the beer was launched. The five points of the star represent the five founding breweries of Newcastle, the site of Britain's first commercial breweries. One of these, John Barras, is now commemorated in the pub chain of the same name. In 2000, the beer was renamed "Newcastle Brown" with the "Ale" being removed from the front label. This change, only in the UK, was due to market research claiming that the term "ale" was outdated and costing the company sales in the youth drinking markets. The older name was reinstated with no fanfare in 2004, when it was realized that the change had made no difference to sales. In 2006, a special "Shearer" edition with a black and white label was made in honour of the retiring Newcastle United striker Alan Shearer. The beer was largely unavailable in South East England and the Midlands until a successful promotional campaign in the late 1980s, but is now one of the country's leading bottled ales.

The beer has been available in keg in these areas since late 2003 (although it was available in keg in the Newcastle area before that) and can also be purchased in cans. Widely distributed around the world, at times, over half of the brewery's output is directed overseas to the U.S. In the United States the beer is available in bottles and in keg. The beer is also available in British-themed pubs as a draught beer in Australia and New Zealand , Canada where it is brewed by Foster's Group as part of the reciprocal deal, pursuant to which Foster's Lager is brewed by Scottish & Newcastle in the UK. It is also available in the British Pub in Ashgabat, Turkmenistan . The UK brewed bottled version is widely available in Australian liquor outlets as part of their international range. Timothy Taylors Timothy Taylors Timothy Taylor Brewery started brewing beer in 1858. Originally based in Cook Lane, Keighley , England they moved to larger premises in 1863 at Knowle Spring where they remain to this day.

Timothy Taylor currently have 28 of their own tied pubs in Bingley , Burnley , Colne, Cononley, Fence near Colne, Haworth , Halifax , Heptonstall, Huddersfield, Keighley, Leeds , Malsis near Cross Hills, Oakworth, Oxenhope, Ripon, Skipton , Thornton and Wadsworth near Hebden Bridge Beers The best known Ale is Landlord, now available in bottle all over the UK, including the major supermarkets. It is the most travelled of the Taylor's ales, and can often be found as a guest ale in many parts of Britain. In Taylor's houses may be found many more Taylor's ales, such as Golden Best, Dark Mild, Best Bitter, Ram Tam, and Porter. In the past Taylor's produced another bottled ale called Northerner, bearing the advertising slogan, For Men of the North.

External Links southwold - 必应 Sign in Southwold Coordinates: 52°19′37″N 1°40′48″E / 52.327°N 1.680°E Southwold is a small town on the North Sea coast, in the Waveney district of the English county of Suffolk. It is located at the mouth of the River Blyth within the Suffolk Coast and Heaths Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. The town is around 11 miles (18 km) south of Lowestoft, 29 miles (47 km) north-east of Ipswich and 97 miles (156 km) north-east of London. It is within the parliamentary constituency of Suffolk Coastal. Southwold History Southwold was mentioned in Domesday Book (1086) as a fishing port, and after the "capricious River Blyth withdrew from Dunwich in 1328, bringing trade to Southwold in the 15th century", it received its town charter from Henry VII in 1489.

Over the following centuries, however, a shingle bar built up across the harbour mouth, preventing the town from becoming a major Early Modern port: "The shingle at Southwold Harbour, the mouth of the Blyth, is ever shifting," William Whittaker observed in 1887. Southwold was the home of a number of Puritan emigrants to the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1630s, notably a party of 18 assembled under Rev. Young, which travelled in the Mary Ann in 1637. Richard Ibrook, born in Southwold and a former bailiff of the town, emigrated to Hingham, Massachusetts, along with Rev. Peter Hobart, son of Edmund Hobart of Hingham, Norfolk. Rev. Hobart had been an assistant vicar of St Edmund's Church, Southwold after graduating from Magdalene College, Cambridge. Hobart married in America Rebecca Ibrook, daughter of his fellow Puritan Richard Ibrook. The migrants to Hingham were led by Robert Peck, vicar of St Andrew's Church in Hingham and a native of Beccles.

In 1659 a fire devastated most of the town and damaged St Edmund's Church, whose original structure dated from the 12th century. The fire created a number of open spaces within the town which were never rebuilt. Today this "series of varied and very delightful village greens" and the restriction of expansion because of the surrounding marshes, have preserved its genteel appearance. On the green just above the beach, descriptively named Gun Hill, the six 18-pounder cannon commemorate the Battle of Sole Bay, fought in 1672 between English and French fleets on one side and the Dutch (under Michiel de Ruyter) on the other. The battle was bloody but indecisive and many bodies were washed ashore. Southwold Museum has a collection of mementos of the event. It has occasionally been said that these cannon were captured from the Scots at Culloden and given to the town by the Duke of Cumberland, who had landed at Southwold in October 1745 having been recalled from Europe to deal with the Jacobite threat, but they are much larger than those used by Charles Edward Stuart's army in that campaign.

During World War I, it was widely thought that these cannon were one reason why this part of the coast was bombarded by the German Fleet as a "fortified coast". In World War II the cannon were prudently removed, reputedly buried for safety, and returned to their former position after hostilities.[citation needed] Southwold Economy Although once home to a number of different industries, Southwold's economy nowadays is mainly based on services,and particularly hotels, holiday accommodation, catering, and tourism. With the surrounding areas largely given over to agriculture, the town is an important commercial centre for the area, with a number of independent shops, cafés and restaurants; and a market on Mondays and Thursdays. However, there has been a marked trend in recent years for retailing chains, including food and beverages, clothing and stationery shops, to take over formerly independent retail premises. Adnams Brewery is located in Southwold, and is the town's largest single employer. Although the fishing fleet and the industry generally is much diminished, Southwold Harbour remains one of the main fishing ports on the Suffolk coastline.

In 2012, additional facilities for the fleet were constructed there, as part of the repair and reinstatement of the Harbour's North Wall. Railway The narrow-gauge Southwold Railway connected the town to Halesworth and ran from 24 September 1879 to 11 April 1929. In 2007 the Southwold Railway Society submitted plans to build a new line between the parish of Easton Bavents and Henham Park, to link the town to the nearest mainline service at Halesworth. However, these plans were criticised for having no relation to the original route of the railway and for environmental and other reasons. In July 2007 the plans were rejected by both Waveney and Suffolk Coastal District Councils. In December 2008 the Society introduced a new proposal for a Railway Park, including railway track and a museum, on a site at present occupied by a car-breaker's yard, next to the local sewage works.

That proposal has been superseded by another, in which a short section of railway, together with other attractions and facilities, would be constructed in the village of Wenhaston, a few miles inland from Southwold and once a stop on the Southwold Railway. The plan has not met with universal approval. Lighthouse Main article: Southwold lighthouse Southwold lighthouse was commissioned in 1890 and automated and electrified in 1938. It stands as a prominent landmark in the centre of the town and is a Grade II listed building. It is 31 metres (102 ft) metres tall, standing 37 metres (121 ft) metres above sea level. It is built of brick and painted white and has 113 steps around a spiral staircase. The lighthouse replaced three local lighthouses that were under serious threat from coastal erosion. It suffered a fire in its original oil fired lamp just six days after commissioning but survived and today operates a rotating 150 watt lamp with a range of 24 nautical miles (44 km; 28 mi). Guided visits are run by the Southwold Millennium Foundation.

Southwold St Edmund's Church Main article: St Edmund's Church, Southwold The parish church of Southwold is dedicated to St Edmund. It is considered to be one of Suffolk's finest. The church lies under one continuous roof. It was built over about 60 years from the 1430s to the 1490s, and replaced a smaller 13th-century church that was destroyed by fire. The earlier church dated from the time when Southwold was a small fishing hamlet adjacent to the larger Reydon. By the 15th century Southwold was an important town in its own right, and the church was rebuilt to match its power and wealth. Southwold Harbour Southwold Harbour lies south of the town on the River Blyth. Vehicular access is via York Road and Carnsey Road to the west, and Ferry Road to the east. The harbour extends nearly a mile upstream from the river mouth, and is mainly used by fishing boats, yachts and small pleasure boats. The clubhouse of Southwold Sailing Club is on the north side of the harbour.

The quay and area in front of the Harbour Inn is called "Blackshore", although this name is often, but incorrectly, used to refer to the whole harbour. At the seaward end of the harbour is Southwold Lifeboat Station operated by the RNLI. The former Cromer lifeboat shed houses the Alfred Corry Museum. This features the former Southwold lifeboat "Alfred Corry", which was in service from 1893 to 1918. In a project carried out by volunteers over several years, the boat has undergone an extensive, and now-complete, restoration to her original state. The river can be crossed on foot or bicycle by a public footbridge upstream from The Harbour Inn, which gives access to the village of Walberswick. This bridge, known as the Bailey Bridge, is based on the footings of the original iron Southwold Railway swing bridge. It replaced that bridge, which contained a central swinging section to allow the passage of wherries and other shipping, and which was largely demolished at the start of World War II as a part of precautions against German invasion.

Towards the mouth of the River Blyth, a rowing boat ferry service runs between the Walberswick and Southwold banks. The ferry has been operated by the same family since the 1920s, when it was a chain ferry that could take cars. The chain ferry ceased working in 1941, but some small vestiges remain at the Walberswick slipway. Television The fictional Southwold Estate, seat of the equally fictional Earls of Southwold, is the country estate of the family of Lady Marjorie Bellamy in the ITV British drama Upstairs, Downstairs. The town and its vicinity has been used as the setting for numerous films and television programmes, including Iris about the life of Iris Murdoch starring Judi Dench; Drowning by Numbers by Peter Greenaway; Kavanagh QC starring John Thaw; 'East of Ipswich' by Michael Palin; Little Britain with Matt Lucas and David Walliams; and a 1969 version of David Copperfield. The BBC children's series Grandpa In My Pocket is filmed in Southwold, Walberswick and Aldeburgh. Only exteriors of buildings were filmed - no acting was done there.

ITV drama, A Mother's Son, was recently filmed on location in Southwold. It was broadcast on ITV1 in September 2012. Novels Julie Myerson, setting her 2003 murder novel Something Might Happen in an unnamed Southwold, calls it "a sleepy, slightly self-satisfied seaside town". The town isn't named, but Myerson stated that setting a murder in the car park did make her feel as if she "was soiling something really good". She holidayed in the town as a child and remarked in an interview that while everything else in her life had changed, her mother and Southwold had remained the same. She still owns a second home in the town.

Other books set in Southwold include Esther Freud's novel Sea House (2004), with Southwold as Steerborough.[citation needed] Southwold native Neil Bell in Bredon and Sons (1933, about boat-building people) and Forgive us our Trespasses (1947, based on a true story of twin boys lost at sea) renames the town Senwich.[citation needed] The Bookshop by Penelope Fitzgerald (1978) drew on her experiences working in a Southwold bookshop in the 1950s. An earlier book thought to be set in Southwold is Beside the Guns (1902) by the Christian author Mary Elizabeth Shipley.[citation needed] The writer W.G. Sebald describes Southwold in The Rings of Saturn (Die Ringe des Saturn, 1995, tr. Michael Hulse), an account of a walk through East Anglia. George Orwell The writer George Orwell (then known as Eric Blair) spent time as a teenager and in his thirties in Southwold, living at his parents' home.

A plaque can be seen next door to what is now the fish and chip shop at the far end of the High Street. From January to June 1922 he attended a cramming establishment in Southwold to prepare for his Indian Police Service exams and his career in Burma. In 1929 after eighteen months in Paris he returned to the family home at Southwold and spent most of the next five years based at Southwold. He tutored a disabled child and a family of three boys during this time and wrote reviews and developed Burmese Days. During this period he spent nearly eighteen months teaching in West London until he had a serious bout of pneumonia. His mother then insisted that he stay at home instead of carrying on teaching and he spent the time writing A Clergyman's Daughter. The novel is partly set in a fictionalised East Anglian town called "Knype Hill". His final visit to Southwold was in 1939.[citation needed] ^ "Town population 2011". Retrieved 20 September 2015. ^ Norman Scarfe, Suffolk in the Middle Ages: Studies in Places and Place-Names, 2004:161 ^ W.

Whitaker, The Geology of Southwold, and of the Suffolk coast from Dunwich to Covehithe: (Explanation of sheet 49 N.) 1887: "Coast deposits" pp 45ff; the coastal spits and bars are discussed in J. Steers, "The East Anglian Coast", The Geographical Journal 69.1, January 1927. ^ Roger Thompson, Mobility and Migration: East Anglian Founders of New England, 1629-1640 2009:188, et passim. ^ Mr. Richard Ibrooke, Suffolk Deeds, William Blake Trask, Frank Eliot Bradish, Charles A. Drew, A. Grace, Rockwell and Churchill Press, Boston, 1908. Books.google.com. Retrieved 2013-02-23. ^ "Peck, Robert (PK598R2)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge. ^ Scarfe 2004:125. ^ "Southwold and Reydon ward population 2011".

Retrieved 20 September 2015. ^ "Organisation warns Southwold's unique character could be lost". Lowestoft Journal. 27 April 2012. ^ Mitchell, V.; Smith, K. (1984). Branch Line to Southwold. Middleton Press. ISBN0-906520-15-0. ^ "The Project to Re-instate the Southwold Railway". Southwoldrailway.co.uk. 2007-07-05. Retrieved 2013-02-23. ^ "Southwold railway - last hopes dashed". EADT online. 5 July 2007. Retrieved 20 July 2006. ^ "Tentative Approval for Southwold Railway". Norwich Advertiser. 18 December 2008. ^ "Wenhaston villagers hope to derail Southwold Railway Trust plans". Lowestoft Journal. 25 May 2012. ^ a b Southwold, Trinity House. Retrieved 2012-10-29.

^ The Lighthouse, Southwold, British Listed Building. Retrieved 2012-10-29. ^ a b See inside a lighthouse, Trinity House. Retrieved 2012-10-29. ^ Application note 32064 - Southwold Conversion, Pelangi. Retrieved 2013-01-04. ^ Discovering Southwold, BBC Suffolk. Retrieved 2012-10-29. ^ The sea - Southwold's lighthouse, Southwold museum. Retrieved 2012-10-29. ^ a b Suffolk brewer Adnams starts distillery, BBC news website, 2010-11-12. Retrieved 2013-01-02. ^ a b c Point 7 - The Brewery, BBC Suffolk. Retrieved 2013-01-02. ^ a b Our history, Adnams. Retrieved 2013-01-02.

^ Adnams claims national title, Eastern Daily Press, 2010-10-07. Retrieved 2013-01-02. ^ The SMYR Handbook, Southwold Model Yacht Regattas. Retrieved 2012-10-30. ^ "Simon Jenkin's top Suffolk churches". Suffolkchurches.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-02-23. ^ Harbour Marine Services Guide Archived April 24, 2013 at the Wayback Machine ^ "David Copperfield". Old City. 2004-11-08. Retrieved 2013-02-23. ^ BBC press release Retrieved 26 April 2012 ^ Random House Archived May 14, 2008 at the Wayback Machine ^ The Independent 24 August 2008, review of her published correspondence: Retrieved 31 May 2012. ^ "Telegraph news 01/08/2005". Telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 2013-02-23.

Question: Adnams Brewery is based in which English county?
Answer: Suffolk