Epiphany - Credo Reference Topic Page: Epiphany Definition: Epiphany from Philip's Encyclopedia Christian feast celebrated on January 6. It originated in the Eastern Church as an observance of the baptism of Jesus. In the West, it became associated with the manifestation of Christ to the Gentiles and more particularly it has come to celebrate the coming of the Magi (Three Wise Men). Summary Article: Epiphany from Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices Image from: The Adoration of the Magi, oil painting by... in Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Falling on January 6, Epiphany is a Christian feast that celebrates the revelation of God in human form in the person of Jesus Christ. In Greek, the word “epiphany” means “manifestation” and in Eastern Christian tradition the event is called “Theophany,” which means “manifestation of God.” In the Eastern tradition, it falls on January 19. Roman Catholics will often celebrate it on the Sunday closest to January 6. The Western observance commemorates the visitation of the biblical Magi to the child Jesus, stressing the appearance of Jesus to the Gentiles.

In many Hispanic and European churches, it is also known as Three Kings Day. Eastern Christians include the baptism of Jesus in their celebration, highlighting Christ’s revelation to the world as the Son of God. Marking the 12th day of Christmas, Epiphany brings to an end the Advent and Christmas seasons. The day begins an extended period of “Ordinary Time” in the Christian year that focuses on the mission of the church in the world to reveal Jesus as the Son of God. It is also a time of focusing on Christian unity and fellowship across ethnic and racial lines. Originating in Eastern Christian churches, the earliest reference to the feast is found in 361 CE in the writings of Ammianus Marcellinus (ca. 330-395 CE).

In a sermon delivered on December 25, 380, Gregory of Nazianzus (329-389 CE) referred to the day “the Theophany” and explained how in the coming weeks the church would be celebrating “the holy nativity of Christ.” On January 6 and 7, he preached two more sermons, declaring that the celebration of the birth of Christ and the visitation of the Magi had already taken place and now Christ’s baptism would be recognized. Originally, the day was part of the Christmas celebrations of the nativity, but by 534 CE, the Western church had separated it as a commemoration of the coming of the Magi. The Eastern church continued to celebrate January 6 as a composite feast for some time, but eventually reserved January 6 as a commemoration of the baptism of Jesus. The colors of Epiphany are usually the colors of Christmas, white and gold. Epiphany liturgies stress the universal mission of Jesus Christ and his church to all peoples throughout the whole world.

While Anglicans and Lutherans observe Epiphany, most Protestant churches ignore it and collapse into Christmas their discussion of the visit of the Magi and the related custom of giving gifts. In the last generation, with the spread of the acknowledgment of the liturgical year among some of the large Protestant groups (Methodists, Presbyterians), some notice of Epiphany has emerged. Epiphany is the reference for the popular Christmas song, “The Twelve Days of Christmas.” See also: Christmas; Eastern Orthodoxy; Liturgical Year; Roman Catholic Church. References Cullmann, Oscar. “The Origin of Christmas.” In The Early Church, edited by A. Higgins, 21-36. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1956. Martindale, Cyril Charles. “Epiphany.” In The Catholic Encyclopedia. Vol. 5. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1909. Merras, Merja. The Origins of the Celebration of the Christian Feast of Epiphany. Joensuu, Finland: Joensuu University Press, 1995. Talley, Thomas J. The Origins of the Liturgical Year.

Collegeville, MN: The Liturgical Press, 1991. Quast, Kevin MLA Quast, K., & Quast. (2010). Epiphany. In J. G. Melton, & M. Baumann (Eds.), Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO. Retrieved from Quast, Kevin, and Quast. "Epiphany." In Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, edited by J. Gordon Melton, and Martin Baumann. ABC-CLIO, 2010. Quast, K. and Quast. (2010). Epiphany. In J.G. Melton & M. Baumann (Eds.), Religions of the world: a comprehensive encyclopedia of beliefs and practices. [Online]. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. Available from: [Accessed 19 January 2017]. Quast, Kevin, and Quast. "Epiphany." Religions of the World: A Comprehensive Encyclopedia of Beliefs and Practices, edited by J.

Gordon Melton, and Martin Baumann, ABC-CLIO, 2010. Credo Reference, Accessed 19 Jan 2017. Images Annie's Epiphany Page Annie's Epiphany Page "Now when Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, there came wise men from the east to Jerusalem, Saying, Where is he that is born King of the Jews? for we have seen his star in the east, and are come to worship him." Epiphany in Greek means "manifestation". Encyclopedia.com defines EPIPHANY very simply: "Epiphany [Gr., (= (showing], a prime Christian feast, celebrated Jan. 6; also called Twelfth Day or Little Christmas. It commemorates the baptism of Jesus, the visit of the Wise Men to Bethlehem, and the miracle of Cana. Its eve is Twelfth Night." Epiphany is in the month of January January 5th is Twelfth Night. Evening before Epiphany. Marks end of the 12-day season of Christmas festivities. January 6th is Twelfth Day.

The 12th day after Christmas, when the three Wise Men visited Jesus. Observed as Christmas in Spain and as Befana Day in Italy. Also called Epiphany and Three Kings Day. January 7th is the Orthodox Christmas Day. January 9th is the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord celebrated by the Catholic Church Here is what The World Book Encyclopedia says about Epiphany: "Epiphany, pronounced ih PIHF uh nee, is a Christian festival. In Roman Catholic and Protestant churches, Epiphany commemorates the adoration of the infant Jesus by the Three Wise Men who had come from the East. In Eastern churches, it celebrates the baptism of Jesus. Epiphany comes from a Greek word that means to appear or to show oneself." Most Christians celebrate Epiphany on January 6, the 12th day after Christmas. Roman Catholics in the United States observe the festival on any Sunday from January 2 through January 8. During Epiphany in Western churches, Biblical texts are read in church that describe the various appearances of Jesus. The festival commemorates the visit of the wise men from the East to the infant Jesus.

Epiphany, a Christian holiday, observes the visit of the Magi to the baby Jesus, 12 days after Christmas. In Eastern churches, the major observance is the blessing of baptismal water. Some Eastern Christians observe this date as Christmas, and Epiphany on January 19th. From Funk & Wagnall's Encyclopedia "EPIPHANY (Gr. epiphaneia, "appearance"), feast celebrated on January 6 by the Anglican, Eastern, and Roman Catholic churches. The feast originated, and is still recognized in the Eastern Church, as the anniversary of the baptism of Christ. In the Western churches, Epiphany commemorates principally the revelation to the Gentiles of Jesus Christ as the Savior, as portrayed by the coming of the Three Wise Men (see Matt. 2:1-12 ). In both the Eastern and Western churches the feast secondarily commemorates the marriage at Cana (see John 2:1-11 ), at which Christ performed his first miracle. Epiphany, known to have been observed earlier than AD 194, is older than Christmas and has always been a festival of the highest rank.

The eve of Epiphany is called Twelfth Night, and the day itself is sometimes referred to as Twelfth Day. In England, the sovereign commemorates the day by offering gold, frankincense, and myrrh at the altar in the Chapel Royal, at Saint James's Palace.

In the Eastern church, at Epiphany, the holy water is blessed, a ritual customarily taking place on Holy Saturday (the day before Easter) in the Roman Catholic church." Definition of Epiphany from Compton's Encyclopedia: Epiphany (from Greek epiphaneia, "appearance"), Christian festival celebrated on January 6; one of the three principal and oldest festival days of Christianity (including Easter and Christmas); commemorates the first manifestation of Jesus to the Gentiles, represented by the Magi, and the manifestation of his divinity, as it occurred at his baptism in the Jordan River and at his first miracle at Cana in Galilee; festival originated in the Eastern Church; in the Western Church the festival primarily commemorates the visit by the Magi to the infant Jesus; in the East it primarily commemorates the baptism of Jesus From MSN Encarta Online: "Epiphany, feast celebrated on January 6 by the Anglican, Eastern, and Roman Catholic churches. The feast originated in the Eastern Church where it is still recognized as the anniversary of the baptism of Jesus Christ.

In the Western churches, Epiphany principally commemorates the revelation to the Gentiles of Jesus Christ as the Savior, as portrayed by the coming of the Three Wise Men." For more information about this visit: Annie's Wisemen Page What is the difference between the Western & Eastern Church? Ken Collins defines it this way: "Roughly speaking, the western Church consists of Protestants, Catholics, and Anglicans. The eastern Church consists of the Orthodox churches, the Oriental churches, and the eastern-rite churches affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church." The Christmas season ends on Epiphany, January 6. In Western Christian churches, Epiphany celebrates the coming of the Wise Men to the Christ child. Among Eastern Christians, this day celebrates Jesus' baptism. Epiphany falls on the 12th day after Christmas. The song "The Twelve Days of Christmas" refers to the 12 days between Christmas and Epiphany. Christmas & Epiphany Gift Giving Practices Around the World from The World Book Encyclopedia & Comptons Encyclopedia Gifts on Epiphany: In Argentina, Venezuela, Puerto Rico, and most areas of Mexico, the wise men leave the presents on the eve of Epiphany.

Gifts on Christmas: Children in some Latin-American countries, including Brazil, Colombia, and parts of Mexico, receive gifts on Christmas Day. Puerto Rico: Puerto Ricans now celebrate such American holidays as July 4 and Memorial Day. Traditionally Christmas was celebrated on Three Kings Day (Epiphany, January 6). Since shops and television programs announce the arrival of Santa Claus on December 25, however, both days are celebrated. Ethopia: In Ethiopia, members of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church hold religious services on Christmas, January 7. The major celebration takes place nearly two weeks later at Epiphany. Food for camels instead of cookies for Santa: Youngsters in many Spanish-speaking nations have a similar custom. However, they leave the food for the camels of the Wise Men and put the shoes outside a window on the eve of Epiphany. The Magi place small gifts in the shoes during the night. The custom of hanging stockings by the fireplace probably developed from those traditions. La Befana: According to legend, the Wise Men asked the kindly old witch to accompany them to see the infant Jesus. She refused, saying she was too busy and had to clean her house, and so she missed the wondrous sight.

Each year, La Befana goes from house to house, leaving gifts and looking for the Christ child. In Spain: In Spain, people dance and sing in the streets after midnight Mass on Christmas Eve. Most Spanish homes and churches display a miniature Nativity scene called a Nacimiento. During the evening of January 5, children put their shoes on a balcony or near a window. The next day is Epiphany, the last day of the Christmas season. It celebrates the visit of the Magi to the infant Jesus. According to legend, the Wise Men arrive during the night before Epiphany and fill the children's shoes with small gifts. Traditionally, in some countries, such as Italy and Spain, children do not receive gifts until January 5, the eve of Epiphany. In Spain, children leave their shoes outside filled with straw and barley for the magi's animals and hope that presents will be left by the wise man Balthazar. As in the rest of Spain, most of the people are Roman Catholic, and the major city festivals celebrate saints' days.

Twelve days after Christmas, on the feast of the Epiphany (the day the three wise men are said to have reached Bethlehem), a boat comes into the harbor bearing "three kings" who then parade through the streets. Italy: In Italy, La Befana brings presents on the eve of Epiphany. In Italy, most homes and churches have a presepio (Nativity scene). On Christmas Eve, the family prays while the mother places a figure of the Bambino (Christ child) in the manger. Many Italians serve eels for dinner on Christmas Eve. They also bake a Christmas bread called panettone, which contains raisins and candied fruit. Italian children receive gifts from La Befana, a kindly old witch, on the eve of Epiphany. Traditionally, in some countries, such as Italy and Spain, children do not receive gifts until January 5, the eve of Epiphany. According to Italian folklore, an old woman named Befana goes down chimneys and delivers presents to children on that night, just as the three wise men brought gifts to the infant Jesus.

Here is what the Compton's Encyclopedia says about the MAGI: Magi (plural of magus), from Persian magu, meaning magician; members of a priestly caste of ancient Medes and Persians; name is applied also to the wise men in the Bible (Matthew ii) who followed a star to Bethlehem; the Bible story does not name them nor give their number, but Christian tradition from about the 7th century names the three Melchior, Gaspar, and Balthazar; their bodies are said to have been brought to Constantinople by Empress Helen, mother of Constantine, thence taken to Milan, and finally to Cologne in 1162 by Frederick Barbarossa; since that time they have often been called the Three Kings of Cologne What does the Bible say about the Magi or Wise Men? I went to the Bible Study Tools site do do a search on " Magi " in the King James Bible and there were no verses listed. But I found 2 Study Tools entries.

One from Nave's Topical Bible entry for " Magi " and found this: The wise men from the east who visited Jesus as an infant Matthew 2:1-12 Smith's Bible Dictionary has a full page of information about the " Magi ". So then I tried "wise men" and found 44 verses . Smith's Bible Dictionary has a page about Wise men & Star of the wise men When is the REAL birthday of Jesus? Below is what the Compton's Encyclopedia says: "Because there was no knowledge about the date of Jesus' birth, a day had to be selected. The Eastern Orthodox and the Eastern Rite churches within the Roman Catholic church chose January 6. The day was named Epiphany, meaning "appearance," the day of Jesus' manifestation. The Western church, based in Rome, chose December 25. It is known from a notice in an ancient Roman almanac that Christmas was celebrated on December 25 in Rome as early as AD 336. In the latter half of the 4th century, the Eastern and Western churches adopted each other's festivals, thus establishing the modern Christian 12-day celebration from Christmas to Epiphany.

In some places the 12th day is called the festival of the three kings because it is believed that the three wise men, or magi, visited the infant Jesus on that day, bringing Him gifts." For more information about this visit: Annie's Christmas History Page Information about the Manger or Creche from Compton's Encyclopedia: Manger scenes. A custom that originated in Southern Europe is the manger scene, often referred to by its French name, creche. This is a small model of the stable where Jesus was born, containing figures of Mary, Joseph, the Infant, shepherds, farm animals, and the three wise men and their gifts. Sometimes the wise men figurines are put off to the side and moved a bit closer each day after Christmas until they arrive at the scene on Epiphany. The custom of recreating the Holy Night is said to have been started by St. Francis of Assisi. On a Christmas Eve in 1224 he is supposed to have set up a stable in a corner of a church in his native village with real persons and animals to represent those of the first Christmas. Did you know that the Three Wisemen were not at the manger with the shephards?

For more information about this visit: Annie's Wisemen Page EPIPHANY Miriam Webster Dictionary Listing for Epiphany: Main Entry: epiphï¿½aï¿½ny Pronunciation: i-'pi-f&-nE Function: noun Inflected Form(s): plural -nies Etymology: Middle English epiphanie, from Middle French, from Late Latin epiphania, from Late Greek, plural, probably alteration of Greek epiphaneia appearance, manifestation, from epiphainein to manifest, from epi- + phainein to show -- more at FANCY (N) Date: 14th century 1 capitalized : January 6 observed as a church festival in commemoration of the coming of the Magi as the first manifestation of Christ to the Gentiles or in the Eastern Church in commemoration of the baptism of Christ 2 : an appearance or manifestation especially of a divine being 3 a (1) : a usually sudden manifestation or perception of the essential nature or meaning of something (2) : an intuitive grasp of reality through something (as an event) usually simple and striking (3) : an illuminating discovery b : a revealing scene or moment.

Fine Arts Links Epiphany is also a Literary Device. Here is what The World Book Encyclopedia says about this use of the word: "Short-story writers have developed a number of literary techniques, including the surprise ending and epiphany. Most surprise endings involve an unexpected event or a revealing explanation. Such endings were the specialty of O. Henry, an American short-story writer of the late 1800's and early 1900's. He used surprise endings in "The Furnished Room" (1904), "The Gift of the Magi" (1905), and many other tales. Epiphany is a sudden comment, incident, or symbol that can be used at any point in a story to explain the meaning of a complex event. James Joyce, an Irish author of the early 1900's, created this technique. He included it in a collection of short stories called Dubliners (1914)." Epiphany Links: Epiphany Home Calendar Holidays Epiphany Epiphany Many Christians around the world annually celebrate Epiphany on January 6. It is a public holiday in many countries and marks two events in Jesus Christ’s life, according to the Christian Bible.

The first event was when the three wise men, or kings, visited infant Jesus. The second event was when St John the Baptist baptized Jesus. The three wise men's (or kings') visit to baby Jesus Christ is remembered on Epiphany. The three wise men's (or kings') visit to baby Jesus Christ is remembered on Epiphany. ©iStockphoto.com/kim258 Celebrate Epiphany January 6, which is 12 days after Christmas in the Gregorian calendar, marks not only the end of the Christmas holidays but also the start of the Carnival season, which climaxes with Mardi Gras. In some European countries, such as the Czech Republic and Slovakia, children dress as the three kings and visit houses. In their roles as the kings, or wise men, they sing about the Jesus’ birth and pay homage to the “king of kings”. They are rewarded with praise and cookies. Dia de los Reyes Magos is the Latin American celebration of Epiphany. In many Latin American countries, it is the three wise men and not Santa Claus who bring gifts for children. Children write letters to the wise men telling them how good they were and what gifts they want.

In France Le Jour des Rois (the Day of Kings), sometimes called the Fête des Rois, is celebrated with parties for children and adults. The galette des rois, or “cake of kings”, highlights these celebrations. This cake is round and flat, cut into the pantry, covered with a white napkin and carried into a dining room. Children in Spain fill their shoes with straw or grain for the three kings’ horses to eat and place them on balconies or by the front door on Epiphany Eve. The next day they find cookies, sweets or gifts in their place. The “three kings” make an entry in many cities in Spain on Epiphany Eve, accompanied by military bands and drummers in medieval dress. What's Open or Closed? Epiphany is a public holiday in countries such as Austria, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Poland, Ethiopia (but on different date that varies annually), parts of Germany, Greece, Italy, Slovakia, Spain, and Uruguay. It is not a public holiday in Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom and the United States (except the US Virgin Islands where it is a public holiday).

About Epiphany Epiphany is commonly known as Three Kings’ Day or the Feast of the Epiphany. It means “manifestation” or “showing forth”. It is also called Theophany (“manifestation of God”), especially by Eastern Christians. Epiphany refers not only to the day itself but to the church season that follows it – a season that has a varied length because it ends when Lent begins, and this depends on the date of Easter. It commemorates the first two occasions on which Jesus’ divinity, according to Christian belief, was manifested: when the three kings (also known as wise men or Magi) visited infant Jesus in Bethlehem, and when John the Baptist baptized him in the River Jordan. The Roman Catholic and Protestant churches emphasize the visit of the Magi when they celebrate the Epiphany. The Eastern Orthodox churches focus on Jesus’ baptism. Epiphany is one of the oldest Christian feasts. It was celebrated since the end of the second century, before the Christmas holiday was established. Like other Christian seasons, the church appropriated Epiphany from an old pagan festival.

As early as 1996 BCE, the Egyptians celebrated the winter solstice (which then occurred on January 6) with a tribute to Aeon, the Virgin. It is important to note that the holiday was established prior to the Gregorian calendar’s introduction. Symbols Various paintings, artworks and sketches show the three wise men and Jesus. Some paintings artworks show the three wise men on the way to Bethlehem or adoring baby Jesus. The kings are important because their visit illustrates that Jesus was the king of all kings who came for the Jews and the Gentiles. The star that guides the wise men to Christ also symbolizes Epiphany, as well as the three gifts they gave to Jesus: Gold (fit for a king). Frankincense (used to worship at a temple). Myrrh (used for embalming, as well as a salve for irritations such as diaper rash). Many Orthodox churches consider Jesus’ baptism to be the first step towards the crucifixion. The liturgical color for the Epiphany season is white. Quick Facts Epiphany is a Christian holiday celebrated globally on January 6 each year.

It commemorates two events recorded in the Bible: the three wise men’s visit to baby Jesus; and Jesus’ baptism. Epiphany 2017 Epiphany | Holiday & Observances | Britannica.com time Epiphany, ( Greek epiphaneia, "manifestation" ) also called Feast of the Epiphany, Theophany, or Three Kings’ Day, Christian holiday commemorating the first manifestation of Jesus Christ to the Gentiles, represented by the Magi , and the manifestation of his divinity, as it occurred at his baptism in the Jordan River and at his first miracle at Cana in Galilee. Epiphany is one of the three principal and oldest festival days of the Christian church (the other two are Easter and Christmas ). Roman Catholics , Lutherans , Anglicans , and other Western churches observe the feast on January 6, while some Eastern Orthodox churches celebrate Epiphany on January 19, since their Christmas Eve falls on January 6. Adoration of the Magi, oil on wood by Perugino, c. 1496–98; … Photos.com/Jupiterimages The festival originated in the Eastern church , where it at first included a commemoration of Christ’s birth .

In Rome , by 354 Christ’s birth was being celebrated on December 25, and later in the 4th century the church in Rome began celebrating Epiphany on January 6. In the Western church the festival primarily commemorates the visit by the Magi to the infant Jesus, which is seen as evidence that Christ, the Jewish Messiah , came also for the salvation of Gentiles. In the East it primarily commemorates the baptism of Jesus and celebrates the revelation that Christ was both fully God and fully man. Teoctist, patriarch of the Romanian Orthodox Church, conducting a worship service in celebration of … Bogdan Cristel—Reuters/Landov Epiphany - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up) The Christian holiday of Epiphany, celebrated on January 6, commemorates three events-the Magi, or Three Wise Men, arriving in Bethlehem to see the baby Jesus; St. John baptizing Jesus in the Jordan River; and Jesus performing his first miracle, changing water into wine at the marriage feast at Cana. The name Epiphany, which comes from the Greek epiphaneia (appearance), was chosen in recognition of these worldly manifestations of Jesus Christ and his divinity.

Western churches primarily focus on the Magi’s visit and often refer to the date as Three Kings’ Day, while Eastern churches tend to celebrate the baptism. Article History Spring (January - May) - Religious and Spiritual Observances Calendar - LibGuides at University of South Dakota Holiday with significant work restriction Gantan-sai is the annual New Year festival of the Shinto religion. General Practices: Practitioners pray for inner renewal, prosperity, and health, as well as visiting shrines and visiting friends and family. Recommended Accommodations: Avoid scheduling important academic deadlines, events and activities on this date (work holiday) · Jan. 1, 2017 · Jan. 1, 2018 Epiphany / Twelfth Night / Three Kings Day (Christian / Roman Catholic and Protestant) This date is also known as Befana Day; commemorates the revelation of God through Jesus Christ and marks the time the three wise men arrived in Bethlehem and presented gifts to the baby Jesus. General Practices: Prayer, festive meals, offerings, gifts · Jan.

6, 2017 Christmas (Eastern Orthodox Christian) Holiday with significant work restriction Christmas is an annual celebration commemorating the birth of Jesus of Nazareth, the Messiah whose message and self-sacrifice began the Christian religion. General Practices: Many celebrate this holiday by attending church services, holding celebratory meals, and visiting family. Date details: Eastern Orthodox Christmas is determined by the Julian calendar which regulates ceremonial cycle of the Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. Recommended Accommodations: Because this holiday typically falls during winter break, academic accommodations may not be required. However many Eastern Orthodox employees will probably request this day off. · Jan. 7, 2017 FEBRUARY Imbolc / Candlemas (Pagan, Wiccan, Druid) Also referred to as the Feast of Pan, Feast of Torches, Feast of Waxing Lights, and Oimele. Celebrates the coming of spring and recovery of the Earth Goddess after giving birth to the Sun God at Yule. For many traditions, a time for initiations, re-dedication and pledges for the coming year. One of the four "greater Sabbats." General Practices: Activities might include making candles, reading poetry and telling stories. · Feb.

1-2, 2017 · Feb. 1-2, 2018 Setsubum-sai (Shinto) Setsubum-sai marks the beginning of spring, and is known as the “bean-throwing festival. The faithful scatter roasted beans to bring good luck to the new season. · Feb. 3, 2017 Chinese New Year (Confucian, Taoist, Buddhist) Holiday with significant work restriction This is the most important of traditional Chinese holidays. General Practices: Families gather together to spend the evening preparing boiled dumplings and festive meals and giving of money to children in red envelopes. Date details: Corresponds to the New Moon in Aquarius, which can fall from late January to mid-February Recommended Accommodations: Avoid scheduling important academic deadlines, events, and activities on this date. Many Chinese employees will probably request this day off. · Jan. 28, 2017 · Feb. 16, 2018 Ash Wednesday (Christian / Roman Catholic and Protestant) This is the first day of Lent, the period of forty days before Easter in which many Christians sacrifice ordinary pleasures to reflect on Christ’s sacrifice.

General Practices: On this day, there are special church services, and the faithful wear a cross of ashes marked on foreheads. Most Christians abstain from meat on this day. Recommended Accommodations: Provide food accommodation as requested—prohibitions include animal products. · March 1, 2017 · Feb. 14, 2018 Magha Puja Day (Buddhist) Magha Puja Day commemorates an important event in the life of the Buddha, in which the four disciples traveled to join the Buddha. · March 12, 2017 MARCH Purim (Jewish) Purim commemorates the time when the Jews were living in Persia and were saved by the courage of a young Jewish woman called Esther. General Practices: Many Jews hold carnival-like celebrations on Purim, dressing in costumes, and read the Book of Esther. Triangular, fruit-filled pastries are eaten in opposition to the villain Haman, who wore a three-cornered hat. Recommended Accommodations: Purim is not subject to the restrictions on work that affect some other holidays; however, some sources indicate that Jews should not go about their ordinary business at Purim out of respect for the festival.

If planning an evening event, provide food accommodations if requested (kosher restrictions apply). · March 24, 2016 Palm Sunday (Christian / Roman Catholic and Protestant / Eastern Orthodox Christianity) A commemoration of Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem as crowds lined his path with palm fronds General Practices: Prayer, distribution of palm leaves commemorating Jesus’ entry into Jerusalem prior to his crucifixion. · April 9, 2017 · March 25, 2018 Ostara / Alban Eilir / Spring Equinox (Pagan, Wiccan, Druid) Also known as Eostre. Regarded as a time of fertility and conception. In some Wiccan traditions, it is marked as the time when the Goddess conceives the God's child, which will be born at the winter solstice. One of eight major annual sabbats or festivals. General Practices: Lighting fires to commemorate the return of light in the spring and to honor the God and Goddess. Coloring eggs as a way of honoring fertility is also practiced.

· March 20-22, 2017 · March 20-22, 2018 Naw Ruz (Baha’i) This is the Baha’i New Year, a traditional celebration in Iran adopted as a holy day associated with Baha’i. It is a celebration of spring and new life. General Practices: Festive music dancing, prayers, meetings, meals · March 21, 2017 · March 21, 2018 Holi (Hindu) Also known as the “Festival of Colors,” this holiday can be traced to Hindu scriptures commemorating good over evil. This date is also a celebration of the colorful spring and a farewell to the dull winter. General Practices: Hindus often sprinkle colored water and powder on others and celebrate with bonfires and lights, signifying victory of good over evil. Date details: Celebrated at the end of the winter season on the last full moon day of the lunar moon in late February or early March. · March 13, 2017 Maundy Thursday (Christian / Roman Catholic and Protestant) Thursday before Easter, commemorates the Last Supper of Jesus with the Apostles.

General Practices: Prayer, Communion (Eucharist), meals, and foot-washing ceremonies among some Christian denominations Date details: Always falls on the Thursday before Easter Sunday. · April 13, 2017 · March 29, 2018 Good Friday (Christian / Roman Catholic and Protestant) Friday before Easter, commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus Christ; among some sects of Christianity and in many countries marks a day of fasting. General Practices: Prayer, fasting, and noon or afternoon services in some Christian denominations. Date details: Always falls on the Friday before Easter Sunday. Recommended Accommodations: Provide food accommodation as requested—meat (fish is not considered meat) is prohibited during meals for some. · April 14, 2017 Easter (Christian / Roman Catholic and Protestant) Holiday with significant work restriction Annual commemoration of the resurrection of Jesus Christ General Practices: Celebratory meals, family gatherings, distribution of colored eggs, baskets and chocolate bunnies. It is a celebration of renewal. Date details: Easter Sunday is determined by the Gregorian calendar (Gregorian calendar regulates ceremonial cycle of the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches).

· April 16, 2017 APRIL Vaisakhi (Sikh) Vaisakhi is the Sikh new year festival and commemorates 1699, the year Sikhism was born. Vaisakhi is also a long-established harvest festival. General Practices: There are often parades, dancing, and singing throughout the day. These celebrations involve music, singing, and chanting of scriptures and hymns. · April 13, 2017 Pesach / Passover (Jewish) Holiday with significant work restriction Pesach is a week-long observance commemorating the freedom and exodus of the Israelites (Jewish slaves) from Egypt during the reign of the Pharaoh Ramses II (one of three pilgrimage festivals). General Practices: Family gatherings, ritualized meals called Seders, reading of the Haggadah, lighting of Yahrzeit memorial candle at sundown on the last night of Passover. Date details: Begins at sundown of preceding day.

Recommended Accommodations: Avoid scheduling important academic deadlines, events and activities on the first two and last two days of the holiday, provide food accommodation as requested (kosher restrictions apply—the use of leavening is prohibited so, for example, matzah is eaten in place of bread.) · April 11–18, 2017 · April 5–11, 2018 Holy Friday / Good Friday (Eastern Orthodox Christian) Friday before Easter, commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus Christ; among some sects of Christianity and in many countries marks a day of fasting. General Practices: Prayer, fasting, confession, and church services as well as the wrapping or dying of eggs (often red) in preparation for Easter Sunday. Date details: Orthodox Good Friday is determined by the Julian calendar which regulates ceremonial cycle of the Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. Recommended Accommodations: Avoid scheduling important academic deadlines, events and activities on the date. · April 29, 2017 MAY Beltane (Pagan, Wiccan, Druid) The fire festival that celebrates the coming of summer and the fertility of the coming year. One of the eight major annual sabbats or festivals.

General Practices: Jumping the balefire,dancing the MayPole. · May 1, 2017 Pascha / Easter (Eastern Orthodox Christian) Holiday with significant work restriction Annual commemoration of the resurrection of Jesus Christ General Practices: Celebratory meals, family gatherings, distribution of colored eggs and baskets of breads, meats, eggs, cheeses and other foods. It is a celebration of renewal. Date details: Easter Sunday is determined by the Julian calendar which regulates ceremonial cycle of the Eastern Orthodox Christian churches. · April 16, 2017 · April 8, 2018 Yom HaSho’ah (Jewish) Holocaust Remembrance Day; a day to remember the lives and names of Jewish victims and activists of the Holocaust. General Practices: Ceremonies or events to remember Holocaust victims who died during World War II; activities may include lighting memorial candles and reciting the Kaddish, which is a prayer for the departed. Date details: Begins at sundown on the preceding day. Recommended Accommodations: This is not a work holiday—academics and work are permitted. Provide food accommodation as requested (kosher restrictions apply).

· April 25, 2017 Holiday with significant work restriction Commemorates receipt of the Torah on Mount Sinai (two of three pilgrimage festivals) General Practices: Evening of devotional programs and studying the Torah, lighting of Yahrzeit memorial candle at sundown on the second night of Shavuot. Date details: Begins at sundown on the preceding day. Recommended Accommodations: Avoid scheduling important academic deadlines, events and activities on the first two and last two days of the holiday. Provide food accommodation as requested. (Kosher restrictions apply—although it is customary to eat dairy). · May 31–1, 2017 · May 20–21, 2018 Buddha Day / Visakha Puja (Buddhist) This holiday is traditionally known as Buddha’s birthday. It is the major Buddhist festival, commemorating the birth, enlightenment, and death of the Buddha. General Practices: Buddhists often decorate their homes and visit their local temples. Observers are encouraged to refrain from slaughtering and to avoid eating meat on this date. Recommended Accommodations: Provide food accommodation as requested, and offer vegetarian options when planning menus for events on this date.

· May 3, 2017 · May 22, 2018 Ascension of the Baha’ullah (Baha’i) Commemorates the death of the founder of the Baha’i faith; Baha’llah died on May 29, 1892. General Practices: Devotional programs and reading from the scriptures · May 29, 2017 Holidays: Epiphany Current location: Home page > Calendar > Holidays > Epiphany Epiphany Many Christians around the world annually celebrate Epiphany on January 6. It is a public holiday in many countries and marks two events in Jesus Christ’s life, according to the Christian Bible. The first event was when the three wise men, or kings, visited infant Jesus. The second event was when St John the Baptist baptized Jesus. The three wise men's (or kings') visit to baby Jesus Christ, illustrated above, is remembered on Epiphany. ©iStockphoto.com/Kenneth Wiedemann What do people do?

January 6, which is 12 days after Christmas in the Gregorian calendar, marks not only the end of the Christmas holidays but also the start of the Carnival season, which climaxes with Mardi Gras. In some European countries, such as the Czech Republic and Slovakia, children dress as the three kings and visit houses. In their roles as the kings, or wise men, they sing about the Jesus’ birth and pay homage to the “king of kings”. They are rewarded with praise and cookies. Dia de los Reyes Magos is the Latin American celebration of Epiphany. In many Latin American countries, it is the three wise men and not Santa Claus who bring gifts for children. Children write letters to the wise men telling them how good they were and what gifts they want. In France Le Jour des Rois (the Day of Kings), sometimes called the Fête des Rois, is celebrated with parties for children and adults. The gallete des rois, or “cake of kings”, highlights these celebrations. This cake is round and flat, cut into the pantry, covered with a white napkin and carried into a dining room.

Children in Spain fill their shoes with straw or grain for the three kings’ horses to eat and place them on balconies or by the front door on Epiphany Eve. The next day they find cookies, sweets or gifts in their place. The “three kings” make an entry in many cities in Spain on Epiphany Eve, accompanied by military bands and drummers in medieval dress. Public life Epiphany is a public holiday in countries such as Austria, Colombia, Croatia, Cyprus, Ethiopia (but on different date that varies annually), parts of Germany, Greece, Italy, Slovakia, Spain, and Uruguay. It is not a public holiday in Australia , Canada , the United Kingdom and the United States (except the US Virgin Islands where it is a public holiday). Background Epiphany is commonly known as Twelfth Night, Twelfth Day, Three Kings’ Day, or the Feast of Epiphany. It means “manifestation” or “showing forth”. It is also called Theophany (“manifestation of God”), especially by Eastern Christians.

Epiphany refers not only to the day itself but to the church season that follows it – a season that has a varied length because it ends when Lent begins, and this depends on the date of Easter. It commemorates the first two occasions on which Jesus’ divinity, according to Christian belief, was manifested: when the three kings (also known as wise men or Magi) visited infant Jesus in Bethlehem, and when John the Baptist baptized him in the River Jordan. The Roman Catholic and Protestant churches emphasize the visit of the Magi when they celebrate the Epiphany. The Eastern Orthodox churches focus on Jesus’ baptism. Epiphany is one of the oldest Christian feasts. It was celebrated since the end of the second century, before the Christmas holiday was established. Like other Christian seasons, the church appropriated Epiphany from an old pagan festival. As early as 1996 BCE, the Egyptians celebrated the winter solstice (which then occurred on January 6) with a tribute to Aeon, the Virgin. It is important to note that the holiday was established prior to the Gregorian calendar’s introduction. Symbols Various paintings, artworks and sketches show the three wise men and Jesus.

Some paintings artworks show the three wise men on the way to Bethlehem or adoring baby Jesus. The kings are important because their visit illustrates that Jesus was the king of all kings who came for the Jews and the Gentiles. The star that guides the wise men to Christ also symbolizes Epiphany, as well as the three gifts they gave to Jesus: Gold (fit for a king). Frankincense (used to worship at a temple). Myrrh (used for embalming, as well as a salve for irritations such as diaper rash). Many Orthodox churches consider Jesus’ baptism to be the first step towards the crucifixion. The liturgical color for the Epiphany season is white. Advertising Three Wise Men Christmas Carnivals » Three Wise Men Three Wise Men The Three Wise Men were the three men who came from the east in order to visit Lord Jesus in the manger. According to Isaiah the three men were named as Balthazar, Caspar (or Gaspar) and Melchior. They were of noble birth, educated, wealthy, and influential. These men were philosophers, counselors of the realm, and rich in knowledge about the ancient east.

The Feast of Epiphany, celebrated on sixth January, commemorates the visit of the three wise men. The Gospel of Matthew narrates the story of the Magi or the three wise men. It is said that they arrived at Bethlehem by observing a specific star in the night sky. This guiding star is known as the Star of Bethlehem. Incidentally, they first went to King Herod's palace and enquired about the birth of the young Messiah (Savior). The deceitful Herod at once became worried about being dethroned. He directed the three wise men to continue their journey and to inform him if they could trace the birth of such a young king. The Star of Bethlehem directed the Magi to the manger of baby Jesus. They offered their gifts and paid homage to their Lord. But the Magi didn't inform Herod as they had a received a divine warning about King Herod's evil intentions. The three gifts offered by the three wise men were gold, frankincense and myrrh. In the story about the visit of the Three Wise Men Lord Jesus is referred to as King to the Gentiles. Feast of Epiphany The Feast of Epiphany commemorates the visit of the three wise magi.

Also called the Adoration of the Magi, it is a prime Christian feast that is celebrated on Jan 6th, on the twelfth Day of Christmas. A grand feast is held on this day and people exchange gifts amongst one another on this grand occasion. Learn more about the three wise men from our site Christmas Carnivals. Epiphany in Australia Home Calendar Holidays Australia Epiphany Epiphany in Australia Epiphany is a Christian observance in countries such as Australia on January 6 each year. It commemorates the three wise men’s (or kings’) visit to Jesus after his birth, as told in the Christian bible. This feast is also known as the Feast of the Baptism of the Lord. Various artwork relating to Epiphany often show the three wise men (or kings). Various artwork relating to Epiphany often show the three wise men (or kings). ©iStockphoto.com/kim258 What Do People Do? Many churches, particularly Catholic churches, in Australia have special Epiphany services on or around January 6 each year. Many Epiphany church services focus on the three wise men’s (or kings’) visit to Jesus after his birth.

However, many churches also focus on the theme of Jesus’ baptism, in which Jesus’ public life begins with his baptism by John the Baptist. Some churches may have social gatherings, including morning teas, after an Epiphany church service. Epiphany falls within the Australian school summer vacation period so it is a time for many families to go on vacation either interstate, at a beachside, or overseas. Epiphany occurs in January, which is one of the hottest months of the year in Australia. Public Life Epiphany is not a nationwide public holiday in Australia. However, this observance falls in the school vacation period in Australia so schools throughout the country are closed on January 6. Background Epiphany commemorates the first two occasions on which Jesus’ divinity, according to Christian belief, was manifested: when the three kings visited infant Jesus in Bethlehem, and when John the Baptist baptized him in the River Jordan. The Roman Catholic and Protestant churches emphasize the visit of the Magi when they celebrate the Epiphany. The Eastern Orthodox churches focus on Jesus’ baptism. Symbols Various paintings, artworks and sketches show the three wise men and Jesus. Some paintings artworks show the three wise men on the way to Bethlehem or adoring baby Jesus.

The kings are important because their visit illustrates that Jesus was the king of all kings who came for the Jews and the Gentiles. The star that guides the wise men to Christ also symbolizes Epiphany, as well as the three gifts they gave to Jesus: Gold (fit for a king). Frankincense (used to worship at a temple). Myrrh (used for embalming, as well as a salve for irritations such as diaper rash). Many Orthodox churches consider Jesus’ baptism to be the first step towards the crucifixion. The liturgical color for the Epiphany season is white. Some churches and church-run children’s groups in Australia are named after the Feast of Epiphany.

Question: What Christian festival commemorates the coming of the Three Wise Men to Bethlehem?
Answer: Epiphany