The Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs Home The Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs The Ancient Egyptian Pharaohs Ancient Egyptian pharaohs were considered to be both divine deities as well as mortal rulers. Throughout the 30+ dynasties in ancient Egyptian history, it is speculated that some 170 or more rulers reigned over the great land of Egypt during a three thousand year time span. The throne of Egypt was primarily intended to be succeeded from father to son, however in many cases this line of kingship was interrupted by murder, mayhem and mysterious disappearances. Pharaohs were the god kings of ancient Egypt who ruled between 3150 B.C. and 30 B.C. (when Rome conquered Egypt). Each time a new family took control of the throne, a new kingdom began in the history of this fascinating nation. While rulers often intermarried with daughters, granddaughters, sisters and brothers to keep the throne within the family the throne still managed to shift hands multiple times; creating a dynamic and complex pharonic history. © Xuan Che - Pharaoh's Bust Definition: the word pharaoh refers to the title of the ancient Egyptian kings.

The title “pharaoh” means the “great house” and refers to the royal palace. Thirty-one Dynasties ruled from the Early Dynastic Period to the Ptolemaic Period. Scholars also include a Dynasty 0 but any kings from this period are not well represented in the archaeological record. Some Dynasties ruled at the same time in different areas of Egypt during the intermediate periods. 10 Famous Pharaohs Below is a top 10 of the most famous Egyptian pharaohs: Tutankhamun (aka King Tut) restored the capital to Thebes after the death of Akhenaten and restored the worship of the old gods. Later pharaoh's erased his name from some king lists so scholars found his tomb's goods intact in the 1920s. Cleopatra VII was the last pharaoh of Egypt who tried to hold off the Romans under Augustus. She ruled beside three pharaohs including her young son and was the lover of Marc Antony. Ramses II ruled during the New Kingdom for either 66 years. He built all over Egypt and many of his statues and temples are still standing today.

He is probably the most prolific of the ancient Egyptian pharaohs, siring over 100 children with more than a dozen wives. Ramses III was the last king of the New Kingdom and is considered the last great pharaoh. He was murdered by one of his wives. Hatshepsut ruled during the New Kingdom for around 20 years. She organized military campaigns and sent out trade expeditions to bring exotic goods to Egypt. Akhenaten ruled during the New Kingdom for less than 20 years. Scholars call him the hieratic pharaoh because he forbade the worship of the old gods. He built Amarna as the center for the worship of his god, Aten. Khufu also known as Cheops, ruled during the Old Kingdom and built the Great Pyramid. Djoser ruled during the Old Kingdom and built the first true stone pyramid, the Step Pyramid. Thutmose III was the 6th pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. He ruled Egypt for 45 years and created the largest empire ever in Egypt. Thutmose was buried in the Valley of the Kings.

Amenhotep III was the son of Thutmose IV and was the 9th pharaoh of the 18th dynasty. He ruled during the peak of ancient Egypt's power. Click here for a list of the 25 most famous pharaohs of ancient Egypt © Mary Harrsch - King Tut's Sarcophagus Symbols of Kingship Below is a list of some of the symbols used by the pharaoh to show his/her kingship. Images of the pharaoh show him/her wearing a crown or headdress with the uraeus (cobra) over the forehead. S/he also had a bull’s tail coming from his/her belt to show personal power and wore a false beard which was a sign of divinity. White Crown - the crown of Upper Egypt symbolized control over this region. The Pharaoh wore it on occasions that concerned only Upper Egypt. It resembles a tall white mitre or a white bowling pin without a bottom. Red Crown - the crown of Lower Egypt that symbolized control over this region. Pharaoh wore it on occasions that concerned only Lower Egypt. The bottom of this crown is circular with a tall thin part sticking up at the back and has a long curl attached to its base.

© Tjflex2 - The Golden Mask of Psusennes I Double Crown - the combined crown of Upper and Lower Egypt which symbolized the pharaoh’s control over them. This crown combined the Red and White Crowns, with the White Crown inside the Red Crown. Blue Crown - a headdress made of blue cloth or leather and decorated with discs of bronze or gold. Pharaoh wore it in battle and during some ceremonies. Atef Crown - a white crown decorated with ostrich feathers and topped by a small sun disc. Pharaoh wore it while performing religious rituals. Nemes Headdress - a blue and gold stripped head-cloth falling down both sides of the head, the front of each shoulder and the back. This headdress is part of some pharaoh’s death masks and sarcophagi (coffins) and King Tut wears it in his death mask. Crook - a blue and gold stripped staff with a hook on one end. Pharaoh holds it in statues and on sarcophagi, with the flail, crossed over his/her chest. Flail - came from a manual threshing device that had a long handle with a free-swinging stick that farmers used to beat wheat.

Cartouche - loop of rope with a knot on one end that contained some of the pharaoh’s names in hieroglyphic inscriptions. It symbolized “that which the sun encircles” and meant that the pharaoh ruled everything the sun encircled. Discover more about cartouches... Serekh - written sign for kingship resembling a palace and containing one of the pharaoh’s names. Life of the Pharaoh © Tiffany Silva - Sarcophagus of Tutankhamun The crown prince began training to become the pharaoh as a young child through a series of lessons. Many of these lessons focused on building physical strength because the pharaoh often fought at the head of his army. Princes went to the royal stables where they learned how to ride and break wild horses. They also ran long foot races to build endurance and went on hunting and fishing expeditions. Inheritance of the throne usually passed from a father to his eldest son but there were exceptions. Sometimes, a brother would become the next pharaoh after the previous king’s dead if there was no son to inherit. If the only heir was a woman, her husband could become the next pharaoh. Sometimes, a high official became pharaoh after the previous king's death.

Some records state that some crown princes, who out lived their father, did not become pharaoh but the reason for this is not known. Coronation A new pharaoh always attended the burial of his/her predecessor and the coronation of a new pharaoh began on the first day of a new season. During many dynasties a new pharaoh's coronation began after the death of his/her predecessor. In some dynasties the old pharaoh presided over his/her successor’s coronation before his/her death. The coronation was not a single event but a collection of ceremonies and festivals that could last an entire year. For this reason, the coronation year was not counted as part of the years a king reigned. The first year of a reign began after the coronation ended. © doris_pemler - Baptism of the Pharaoh, part of the coronation rituals List of Coronation Ceremonies and Festivals Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt: a ceremony that was the symbolic reunification of the Two Lands of Egypt. © Peter Roan - Ancient Egyptian Ritual Figure Appearance of the king: a ceremony held after assuming the throne and repeated every two years thereafter.

It had three steps: Pharaoh appeared wearing the White Crown as king of Upper Egypt. Pharaoh appeared wearing the Red Crown as king of Lower Egypt. Pharaoh appeared wearing the Double Crown as king of Upper and Lower Egypt. Sed Festival: meant to restore the pharaoh’s vital life force but the details of its events are not well documented. It was first held during the coronation and the pharaoh repeated it during the thirtieth year of his/her reign. After this point, the pharaoh held it every three years but some preformed it more often. Sokar Festival: a celebration involving the construction of a sacred boat that the pharaoh pulled to the Nile or a sacred lake. After its celebration during the coronation year, this festival took place every six years. Sokar was a god of the underworld and a guardian of royal cemeteries. Names and Duties of Pharaoh After becoming pharaoh, the king received four new names besides his/her birth name. The first name was the Horus name which scribes wrote inside a serekh. The Nebty name showed the pharaoh had the protection of the patron goddesses of the Two Lands and the pharaoh’s rule of both lands.

The Golden Horus name emphasized the pharaoh’s divinity. Scribes wrote the final two names inside cartouches. The Prenomen was the pharaoh’s coronation name and the one people knew him/her by in antiquity. The Nomen was the pharaoh’s given name and it is the name scholars use today with a numeral added if necessary. As an example, here are the five names of Ramesses II: © Roberto Venturini - Ramses II statue Horus name: Kanakht Merymaat Prenomen: Usermaatre-Setepenre Nomen: Ramesses (meryamun) As king, the pharaoh had many duties that were civic and religious. The people saw him/her as the living Horus and the son of Ra . They believed only pharaoh could sacrifice to the gods but this belief lessened over time. Only the pharaoh could appoint the priests to serve the gods in his/her place. The people believed that s/he became Osiris after death and would continue to help his/her people in the afterlife. Pharaoh was the commander-in-chief of the army and the highest judge in the land.

The people saw the pharaoh as essential for keeping their lives in balance and keeping harmony in Egypt. As the living embodiment of Ma’at, the pharaoh ensured that order and justice existed in Egypt. Burial of Pharaoh Mummification and burial held an important place in Egyptian life. The Egyptians believed the body's preservation guaranteed the soul’s survival in the afterlife. The pharaoh began building his/her tomb soon after assuming the throne. The locations and types of tombs built changed over time and when the country’s capital moved. Tombs contained decorations of the pharaoh’s journey in the afterlife and texts from the Book of the Dead . © Mary Harrsch - Decorated Sarcophagus The earliest pharaonic tombs are the mastaba tombs made of mud-brick. Scholars found these tombs in some of the oldest cemeteries near the ancient capitals (see capital list below). Mastabas, like all ancient Egyptian cemeteries, were on the Nile’s west bank, which was the realm of the dead. Pyramids were elaborations of the mastaba design made of stone. The first was the Step Pyramid of Djoser which Imhotep designed.

Architects planned the pyramids and included a mortuary temple and other royal tombs in the complex. The Great Pyramid of Khufu at Giza is the greatest example of this type of tomb. © DragonWoman - Pyramid Complex at Giza Later pharaohs saw that grave-robbers broke into the earlier tombs so they made secret rock-cut tombs. The area where they built these tombs is now called the Valley of the Kings. Some tombs contained several chambers and more than one ruler. Pharaohs received elaborate burials containing a wide variety of goods. At first, priests buried pharaohs with items like clothes, furniture, games and jewelry. During the Nineteenth Dynasty, priests began burying them with items made for the afterlife. An example of this are the clay shabti figurines made to serve the pharaoh. Priests placed food, oil and dishes in the tombs to nourish the king in the afterlife. Five Important Capitals Memphis - the capital of Egypt during the Old Kingdom built at the mouth of the Nile Delta. This city was an important trade center and the pyramids of Giza are part of its necropolis (city of the dead).

Thebes - the capital of Egypt during the Middle and New Kingdoms and the location of the religious centers of Luxor and Karnak . The Theban Necropolis includes a series of mortuary temples and the Valleys of the Kings and Queens. Alexandria - the capital of Egypt during the Ptolemaic period that Alexander the Great founded. Its rulers built the Great Lighthouse at Pharos and the Great Library. Akhetaten (Amarna)- the capital of Egypt during the reign of Akhenaten and abandoned after his death. Pi-Ramesses - the capital of Egypt built by Ramesses II in the far north that held 300,000 people and covered 6.9 square miles. After the Nile branch it was on silted up and the Nile formed a new branch, the people abandoned this city. Quick Facts and FAQ Pharaohs were the god kings of ancient Egypt. Who was the first pharaoh of Egypt? Narmer or Menes was the first pharaoh of Egypt. The people believed the pharaoh’s existence was vital for a happy health. What pharaoh ruled the longest? Pepi II ruled Egypt the longest for about 90 years!

At first, only pharaohs or their representatives could make sacrifices. Who was the most famous pharaoh? Tutankhamun is the most famous pharaoh today but Ramesses II was more famous in ancient times. RELATED ARTICLES Ancient Egyptian History for Kids: Pharaohs History >> Ancient Egypt The Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt were the supreme leaders of the land. They were like kings or emperors. They ruled both upper and lower Egypt and were both the political and religious leader. The Pharaoh was often thought of as one of the gods. Akhenaten wearing the Egyptian Blue Crown of War by Jon Bodsworth The name Pharaoh comes from a word meaning "great house" describing a palace or kingdom. The Pharaoh's wife, or Queen of Egypt, was also considered a powerful ruler. She was called "the Great Royal Wife". Sometimes women became the rulers and were called Pharaoh, but it was generally men. The son of the current Pharaoh would inherit the title and would often go through training, so he could be a good leader. Historians divide up the timeline of Ancient Egyptian history by the dynasties of the Pharaohs. A dynasty was when one family maintained power, handing down the throne to an heir.

There are generally considered to be 31 dynasties over the 3000 years of Ancient Egyptian history. There were many great Pharaohs throughout the history of Ancient Egypt. Here are some of the more famous ones: Akhenaten - Akhenaten was famous for saying there was only one god, the sun god. He ruled with his wife, Nefertiti, and they closed many of the temples to other gods. He was the father of the famous King Tut. Tutankhamun - Often called King Tut today, Tutankhamun is largely famous today because much of his tomb remained intact and we have one of the greatest Egyptian treasures from his rule. He became Pharaoh at the age of 9. He tried to bring back the gods that his father had banished. Golden funeral mask of Tutankhamun by Jon Bodsworth Hatshepsut - A lady Pharaoh, Hatshepsut was originally regent for her son, but she took on the power of Pharaoh. She also dressed like the Pharaoh to reinforce her power including the crown and ceremonial beard. Many consider her to be not only the greatest woman Pharaoh, but one of the greatest Pharaohs in the history of Egypt.

Amenhotep III - Amenhotep III ruled for 39 years of great prosperity. He brought Egypt to its peak of power. During his rule the country was at peace and he was able to enlarge many cities and construct temples. Ramses II - Often called Ramses the Great, he ruled Egypt for 67 years. He is famous today because he built more statues and monuments than any other Pharaoh. Cleopatra VII - Cleopatra VII is often considered the last Pharaoh of Egypt. She maintained power by making alliances with famous Romans such as Julius Caesar and Mark Antony. Cleopatra by Louis le Grand Fun Facts about Pharaohs Pepy II became Pharaoh at the age of 6. He would rule Egypt for 94 years. The Pharaohs wore a crown that had an image of the cobra goddess. Only the Pharaoh was allowed to wear the cobra goddess. It was said that she would protect them by spitting flames at their enemies. Pharaohs built great tombs for themselves so they could live well in the afterlife. The first Pharaoh was a king named Menes who united both upper and lower Egypt into a single country.

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We will send you an email so you can reset your password. If you have problems, please Contact Us. Email Great Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt Course No. 3588 Should I Buy Audio or Video ? Audio or Video? You should buy audio if you would enjoy the convenience of experiencing this course while driving, exercising, etc. While the video does contain visual elements, the professor presents the material in an engaging and clear manner, so the visuals are not necessary to understand the concepts. Additionally, the audio audience may refer to the accompanying course guidebook for names, works, and examples that are cited throughout the course. You should buy video if you prefer learning visually and wish to take advantage of the visual elements featured in this course. The video version is well illustrated and features more than 230 illustrations, maps, and photographs. Many of these photographs bring you up close with Egyptian mummies, the Narmer Palette, the Temple of Karnak, the tomb of King Tut, and more. Maps reveal how ancient Egypt's great pharaohs expanded their empires. And historical illustrations and sculptures bring to life icons including Akhenaten, Ramses the Great, and Cleopatra.

There are on-screen spellings and definitions to help reinforce material for visual learners. Audio Streaming Included Free Questions & Answers Course Overview No great civilization continues to speak to us like that of ancient Egypt. But what is it about this ancient civilization that still captures our imaginations? What made Egypt special, allowing it to grow, in Professor Bob Brier's words, "from a scattering of villages across the Nile to the greatest power the world had ever seen"? Professor Brier has designed this course to focus on the fascinating leaders of ancient Egypt. The information in this course is also covered in our more extensive course, The History of Ancient Egypt. "My thesis in Great Pharaohs of Ancient Egypt is that what made Egypt great were the people—individuals who did great things," says Professor Brier. "By recounting the lives and accomplishments of the great ones of Egypt, we will present a history of Egypt spreading over 30 centuries. By the time we come to the last ruler of Egypt, Cleopatra, we will have peered into almost every aspect of ancient Egyptian life, seen what made Egypt great, and what finally brought about its downfall.

"My hope is that by the end of the course you will have a sense that you personally know the men and women who made Egypt the greatest nation of the ancient world." A Great Teacher and Egyptologist Professor Brier is an Egyptologist and specialist in mummies who knows the ancient Egyptians—literally—from the inside out. In fact, in 1994, Dr. Brier became the first person in 2,000 years to mummify a human cadaver in the ancient Egyptian style. This research was the subject of a National Geographic television special, Mr. Mummy. Relaxed, matter-of-fact, and wryly humorous, he weaves into the stories of the great pharaohs the daily realities of Egyptian life. You learn, for example, that the origin of eye makeup was not due to vanity. Instead, makeup was ground on small, personal palettes and worn by every Egyptian for the same reasons modern athletes wear black eyeliner under their eyes: to absorb the sun's glare. A Palette Launches 3,000 Years of Imagery It is a quite different palette—that of Narmer, the king who unified Egypt—that marks our real introduction to Egypt's great rulers.

Considered the first historical document, the "Narmer Palette" reveals images of traditions Narmer created that would endure for 3,000 years, including the double crown of Egypt and the "smiting pose" in which all pharaohs ever after would be shown. Just as scholars look to the Narmer Palette as their earliest message from Egypt, it is the pyramids that perhaps serve that role for the rest of us. The pharaoh Sneferu, seeking a suitable way to house his own burial chamber, taught Egypt how to perfect the pyramid, a structure whose origins lay in the need to protect desert graves from exposure by the wind. Professor Brier makes it clear, however, that pyramids were far from Sneferu's only achievements. A Female Pharaoh Lost to History One of Egypt's greatest rulers, the female pharaoh Hatshepsut, raised magnificent obelisks at the Temple of Karnak and built what Professor Brier calls "perhaps the most beautiful temple in all of Egypt," Deir el-Bahri. The inscriptions on the temple's walls are the first known depictions of sub-Saharan Africa; Hatshepsut was so powerful a king she was able to send a trading expedition there.

Ironically, most of the evidence of Hatshepsut's existence was systematically erased after her death; Egyptians simply did not want to acknowledge that a woman had been king. Professor Brier continues with the tale of one of Egypt's most controversial pharaohs, Akhenaten, who tried to alter the three stabilizing principles of Egyptian society—the religious, military, and artistic traditions of the most conservative nation on earth—and almost destroyed Egypt in the process. Akhenaten's story left a legacy the ancients would attempt to erase. Ironically, this forgotten pharaoah would be the father of the most famous pharaoh in modern times: the boy-king Tutankhamen. Tutankhamen: Murdered by His Successor? The discovery of Tutankhamen's tomb by Howard Carter in 1922 is the most scrutinized episode in the history of Egyptology, and Professor Brier leads a fascinating exploration into the world of Egyptian tombs. For those who love a good mystery, Professor Brier introduces his own theory that Tutankhamen was actually murdered by Aye, the vizier of Egypt, as part of a successful plot to gain the crown for himself.

The next major subject in the series is Ramses II, or Ramses the Great. His 67-year reign was the longest of all the pharaohs, but the last two-thirds of that reign began with a treaty with Egypt's ancient Hittite enemy and bear little resemblance to his early years of war, conquest, and monument-building. Ramses has been reputed to be the pharaoh of the biblical exodus. And though there is no archaeological evidence to support the story, Professor Brier offers some tantalizing connections to what we know of Ramses's actual life. Nubia Tries to Restore Egypt's Greatness After the death of Ramses, Egypt entered a long decline. As Egypt weakened, Nubian neighbors to the south, in what is now Sudan, grew strong. They eventually moved north taking control and trying to rebuild—primarily through the efforts of five great Nubian kings—the great Egyptian traditions they had seen crumble away. Rather than conquer Egypt, they restored it. They celebrated Egyptian religious festivals and even took over some Egyptian burial practices.

The first of these kings, a ruler named Piye, even built a pyramid, though it had been 1,000 years since the last Egyptian pyramid had risen from the desert. From the Nubians, Professor Brier takes you into the Greek era of Egyptian history, beginning with the career of Alexander the Great. He discusses the three great events that marked his sojourn in Egypt: the declaration by the oracle at Siwa that Alexander's father was "the Sun"; his crowning as Pharaoh that the oracle's pronouncement made possible; and his creation of the city of Alexandria, which Alexander mapped out by dropping a trail of grain to show where the streets should go. The Reign of the Ptolomies The death of Alexander gave rise to the reign of a series of Ptolemies—15 rulers in all—beginning with Ptolemy I. Running Egypt like a business, the early Ptolemies had some notable achievements, including Ptolemy I's building of Alexandria's Pharos Lighthouse and its extraordinary library. The Ptolemies were unable to sustain their brilliant beginning.

The last Ptolemy was Cleopatra, the enigmatic Grecian ruler who learned Egypt's language and tried to resurrect both the nation's religion and greatness. Her valiant attempts to save Egypt, with the aid of Julius Caesar, and afterwards with Marc Antony, were doomed. Egypt, no longer a nation, would become a Roman province. Hide Full Description 1 King Narmer—The Unification of Egypt This lecture discusses how Narmer, Egypt's first king, unified Upper and Lower Egypt and how the world's first nation came to dominate the Near East for thousands of years. x 2 Sneferu—The Pyramid Builder The founder of Egypt's "Fabulous Fourth" Dynasty oversaw the beginning of true pyramid construction, Egypt's rise to international power, and the establishment of artistic standards that would last for millennia. x 3 Hatshepsut—Female Pharaoh This lecture examines the life of one of the greatest individuals in Egyptian history, and discusses why her name was systematically erased from Egyptian records.

x 4 Akhenaten—Heretic Pharaoh The reign of Egypt's most enigmatic and controversial ruler illustrates the consequences of attempting to alter all three of Egypt's fundamental societal pillars: religion, the military, and the role of pharaoh. x 5 Tutankhamen—The Lost Pharaoh This lecture details the fascinating events—including the first car wreck in Britain—that led to the discovery of the tomb of Tutankhamen. x 6 Tutankhamen—A Murder Theory Professor Bob Brier presents his own research suggesting that Tutankhamen was murdered, showing what can be learned from the autopsy of a mummy. x 7 Ramses the Great—The Early Years Ramses II ruled for 67 years and was one of Egypt's greatest pharaohs, warriors, and builders. x 8 Ramses the Great—The Twilight Years The last 40 years of Ramses's reign differed markedly from his glorious beginning. This lecture examines the changes in his personality, as well as the assertion that he was the pharaoh of the biblical exodus.

x 9 The Great Nubians—Egypt Restored In the twilight of Egypt's history, the once-dominated land of Nubia fought its way north to defend Egypt from invaders. Under the new rule of five great kings, the Nubians restored much of Egypt's glory. x 10 Alexander the Great—Anatomy of a Legend The rule of Alexander began 300 years of Greek control of Egypt. This lecture examines the three major stages of Alexander's career: young general, pharaoh, and legend. x 11 The First Ptolemies—Greek Greatness This lecture examines the beginning of the end for ancient Egyptian civilization, beginning with the rule of the first Ptolemies, who ran Egypt "like a business" and whose great achievements were purely Greek conceptions. x 12 Cleopatra—The Last Pharaoh Although she was at one time probably the most famous woman in the world, Cleopatra remains an enigma. We reconstruct her history: before Caesar, after Caesar, and with Marc Antony. x Lecture Titles Clone Content from Your Professor tab What's Included Reviews Rated 4.6 out of 5 by 119 reviewers.

Rated 4 out of 5 by bodywise Good but limited I have been listening to TGC tapes every day for years. This course was only fair. It only concentrates on the Pharaohs as the title suggests. There is precious little else discussed. Like tidbits about each. Egyptian history is so vast. It could be covered so much more thoroughly. That was what I was seeking. I particularly wanted to know more about civilian life, governmental structure and medicine in Egyptian history. Other courses on China and Roman history accomplish this. December 8, 2016 Rated 5 out of 5 by Learningsfun Loved It! This course was excellent. I am going to have to order the course that goes into more detail. This course was quite short and it was not able to cover informationa about very many Pharaohs. The kings that it did cover though were well thought out and the professor was able to move from one king to the next which he was presenting without any difficulty. This was presented very well and I am sure that I will be listening to it again.

November 17, 2016 Rated 5 out of 5 by mahduk Great Introductory Course To elaborate a little on my review title, let me say that if you know next to nothing about any of the Pharaohs then this is the place to start. I,personally, knew little more than names of some of the Pharaohs covered in this course. For the money, there is a wealth of great starting material to help you decide if you want to dig further or move on to something else. The professor himself helps make this course enjoyable by sheer force of his enthusiasm for the subject. That goes a long way in my estimation toward making the subject just as interesting for the listener. I highly recommend this course. It's often available at a very reasonable price during their sales so there's really no excuse to not get it. October 29, 2016 Rated 5 out of 5 by PSHANS Fantastc lecturer The professor delivers an outstanding performance: his delivery is so engaging that my five year old has listened to this entire series of lectures twice in the car. Considering that this is advertised as a college-level course, this speaks volumes to the skill of the lecturer.

His excitement for the subject matter really shines through, it’s by far the best course I have listened to from this company, and I wish the Professor had more courses available from The Great Courses than he does. October 15, 2016 2017-01-17 ANCIENT EGYPT PEOPLE SECRETS RACE REVEALED ISAIAH 19:25 - YouTube ANCIENT EGYPT PEOPLE SECRETS RACE REVEALED ISAIAH 19:25 Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Nov 13, 2010 Egypt was ruled by black pharaohs for nearly 100 years, but their role as leaders of the ancient civilization has been largely kept in the dark because of racism, according to this month's National Geographic magazine.

we black hebrew israelites IUIC (ISRAEL UNITED IN CHRIST CHURCH) nathanyel7 zabach greatmillstone ISUPK seti polight debate hamite african africa sarasuten seti egyptology kemet merica the Great Prison Camp for the Nation of Israel. This is the first documentary on this site,and not the last. My goal is to make as many documentaries as possible, on the subjects of the Bible,the nation of Israel,and on current events that relate to the Bible. GMSDOCUTUBE Brother Polight & The Slickness Of ISUPK Hebrew Israelites BLACKNEWS102· Scholars and historians have repeatedly failed to acknowledge the impact made by the group of kings who traveled from deep in Africa and conquered Egypt in 728 B.C., National Geographic says. The Nubian kings, who came from an area of Africa that is mostly present-day Sudan, became the country's 25th dynasty and reunited Egypt, which had been torn apart by warlords.

The magazine claims the true impact of these rulers has never been widely accepted because European powers colonized the region in the 19th century and the role of the "darker skinned" conquerors was seen as irrelevant. "For decades, historians flip-flopped: Either the black pharaohs were actually 'white,' or they were bumblers, their civilization a derivative off-shoot of true Egyptian culture," writes Robert Draper in National Geographic. "The neglect of Nubian history reflected the bigoted world view of the times." The story of the Nubians proves that African civilization was thriving in the ancient world, and intermingling and intermarriage with Egyptians was also reasonably common, the article says. Some studies also have found that Egyptian pharaoh King Tutankhamun's grandmother, the 18th-dynasty Queen Tye, may have had Nubian heritage.

SELF HATE AFRICAN ARMY BLACK YOUTH POWER SARASUTENSETI CARTEL DR BEN JOCHANNAN JOHN HENRIK CLARKE KHALLID MUHAMMAD INTWY Madblackman Hip Hop Rap Kemet African Army RAHORMAKHET NU EDUTAINMENT Ogo Oyinbo ,SARA SUTEN SETI ,BLACKPOWERCARTEL Sarasutenseti Ashra Kewsi AISHA, isis iraq, gaza, israel, truce, i24news,RT news, CNN, sarasutenseti, general Category Ancient Egyptian Kings Queens Check Out Ancient Egyptian Kings & Queens Ancient Egyptian Kings & Queens – A complete dynasty lists from the old kingdom to the last Pharaoh of Egypt and detailed stories of some of the most famous rulers. List of Egyptian Dynasties Egyptian Pharaohs Crowns, Headdresses and Regalia When the king sat on his throne wearing all of his symbols of office—the crowns, scepters, and other ceremonial items—the spirit of the great god Horus spoke through him. These symbols of authority included a crook and a flail.

The crook was a short stick curved at the top, much like a shepherd’s crook. The flail was a long handle with three strings of beads. Crowns and headdresses were mostly made of organic materials and have not survived but we know what they looked like from many pictures and statues. The best known crown is from Tutankhamun’s golden death mask. The White Crown represented Upper Egypt, and the Red Crown, Lower Egypt (around the Nile Delta). Sometimes these crowns were worn together and called the Double Crown, and were the symbol of a united Egypt. There was also a third crown worn by the kings of the New Kingdom, called the Blue Crown or war helmet. This was called the Nemes crown (shown above) and was made of striped cloth. It was tied around the head, covered the neck and shoulders, and was knotted into a tail at the back. The brow was decorated with the “uraeus,” a cobra and vulture. Officials called “viziers” helped the king govern. The viziers acted as mayors, tax collectors, and judges. Other high officials who served the king included a treasurer and an army commander.

Ancient Egyptian Anecdotes The Bloodlines of the Illuminati - From Pharaohs to NWO - YouTube The Bloodlines of the Illuminati - From Pharaohs to NWO Want to watch this again later? Sign in to add this video to a playlist. Need to report the video? Sign in to report inappropriate content. The interactive transcript could not be loaded. Loading... Rating is available when the video has been rented. This feature is not available right now. Please try again later. Uploaded on Mar 7, 2011 - for this video, news and more exciting commentary. This video details the Illuminati bloodlines that are currently in control of the world and how those who rule today have ties dating right back to the ancient nations of Egypt and Sumer. These ancient bloodlines long ago made a deal with the fallen angels of the bible who have been posing as the "gods" and other reptilian like creatures of various cultures throughout history. These fallen angelic spirit beings known as "demons" in the bible, along with their fallen leader Lucifer or Satan, have been possessing and controlling these leaders throughout history.

The leaders make sure that they stay in charge through intermarriage so that no outsiders gain access to their wealth, power or secrets. These Pharonic leaders did not disappear when Egypt was destroyed as a nation, they, along with the now exiled Children of Israel or the so called "lost ten tribes of Israel" migrated north and west of Jerusalem as we're told both in the bible and in some minor secular accounts. The northern ten tribes were allowed to go into captivity in 721BC by the Assyrians because they continually committed spiritual adultery by "whoring"and worshiping other "gods" of wood and stone as the pagan nations around them worshiped. It was prophesied that they would lose their national identity and abide "many days without a king". Thus when they were released from captivity after several hundred years of not keeping the sabbath and having no king, they lost the knowledge of their true national identity. They considered themselves to be Assyrian (gentile) and had no knowledge of their true identity as the 10 northern tribes of Israel.

Thus the world now looks up them as the "lost 10 tribes of Israel" The southern nation of Judah which consisted of the tribes of Judah (The Jews), Benjamin and most of the Levitical priesthood lasted longer and were taken captive by Babylon in 600BC for the same reasons of sabbath breaking and idolatry. But they were allowed to return back to Jerusalem in 500BC and had learned their lesson and thus instituted strict sabbath keeping rules from them on up until today. This is one reason why Christ was constantly at odds with them for making the sabbath too strict and adding regulations that God never intended. As the northern 10 tribes moved away from Assyria they went into central and then northwestern Europe, finally settling in the Isles northwest of Jerusalem, which is where all biblical directions are giving from, the descendants of the Pharaohs also followed them and went in these same directions and settled in the same place, the British Isles. The British Isles are the only isles in that direction and this is why Satan had his Pharonic bloodlines also migrate in this same direction, in essence, stalking the descendants of Israel.

For just as Ramses tried to get them back into slavery after initially freeing them, his descendants have sought to enslave their descendants ever since and have done so today in many ways. Once God divorced Israel and His protection was no longer given, He in essence allowed them to once again go back into slavery under this Satan worshiping pharonic bloodline due to their constant sabbath breaking and idolatry. List of Rulers of Ancient Egypt and Nubia | Lists of Rulers | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art The Metropolitan Museum of Art List of Rulers of Ancient Egypt and Nubia See works of art 30.8.234 52.127.4 Our knowledge of the succession of Egyptian kings is based on kinglists kept by the ancient Egyptians themselves. The most famous are the Palermo Stone, which covers the period from the earliest dynasties to the middle of Dynasty 5; the Abydos Kinglist, which Seti I had carved on his temple at Abydos; and the Turin Canon, a papyrus that covers the period from the earliest dynasties to the reign of Ramesses II. All are incomplete or fragmentary.

We also rely on the History of Egypt written by Manetho in the third century B.C. A priest in the temple at Heliopolis, Manetho had access to many original sources and it was he who divided the kings into the thirty dynasties we use today. It is to this structure of dynasties and listed kings that we now attempt to link an absolute chronology of dates in terms of our own calendrical system. The process is made difficult by the fragmentary condition of the kinglists and by differences in the calendrical years used at various times. Some astronomical observations from the ancient Egyptians have survived, allowing us to calculate absolute dates within a margin of error. Synchronisms with the other civilizations of the ancient world are also of limited use.

Question: Pharaohs were leaders of which ancient nation?
Answer: Egypt