King George II Was The Last Monarch To Lead His Men Into Battle | Historic Royal Palaces George II made Kensington Palace the centre of his court life George II fell out with both his father and his son He was the last monarch to lead his troops into battle in 1743 at the Battle of Dettingen George II at the palaces As Prince of Wales, George felt that he was unfairly treated by his father – not given enough money and not entrusted with the regency when his father returned to Hanover. Relations between father and son were so sour that George and his wife Caroline were thrown out of court by George I and even, for a time, kept from their own children. In retaliation, they set up their own rival court filled with opposition politicians. History was doomed to repeat itself. After George became King in 1727 (Handel’s Zadok the Priest was composed for his Coronation), George and Caroline’s glamorous son, Prince Frederick, arrived in England and in turn became embroiled in a battle of wills with his parents; he was eventually banished from court in 1737.

In the first ten years of George II’s reign, Kensington Palace was the glittering centre of court life where politicians, intellectuals and fashionable people vied for favour. George and Caroline used Hampton Court Palace regularly after their accession in 1727, especially during the summer when the palace would be alive with the flirtations, scheming and bickering of courtiers. George II had many mistresses, most notably Henrietta Howard, one of his queen’s closest ladies-in-waiting who were known as Women of the Bedchamber. However, George was devoted to his wife and was devastated by her death in 1737. She had promoted writers, poets and philosophers and court life under her auspices was glamorous and engaging. After Caroline’s death, the bright and fashionable crowd was gradually replaced by a homely, ageing court residing in Kensington Palace which was by now half shut up and George increasingly focussed on his obsessive love of all things military. Earlier in his reign, George proved himself a good leader in battle and was the last British king to lead his troops into battle. Despite Kensington’s decline, it remained one of George’s favourite palaces right up until his death in 1760.

George II's grandson, George III , was the next monarch after Prince Frederick died in 1751 without ever repairing his relationship with his father. George II, German School, (c.1735 - 40) Royal Collection Trust © Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II 2014 George II on horseback (Battle of Dettingen) © National Army Museum / The Bridgeman Art Library You may also be interested in... Read: The British Warship That Nearly Sparked A War With America At Dettingen, in what is now Germany's Bavaria, the British king astride his horse personally led his soldiers onto the field of battle - the last time such an event occurred. Perhaps more importantly George's 'Pragmatic Army' won the encounter and defeated the French. If he had lost in all likelihood the British monarch would have become the prisoner of France's Louis XV. Success came in part from the likes of The Royal Scots Fusiliers , whose commander Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Andrew Agnew of Lochnaw ordered his regiment not to fire until they could see the whites of the enemy's eyes.

After the battle when chided by George II for letting a French cavalry charge get through his ranks Sir Andrew remarked: "Ay, please Your Majesty, but they didna' gang back again." Though George II's actions in the battle were admired, the war became unpopular with the British public, who felt that the king wasn't putting British interests first. German-born George Augustus, coincidentally also the last British monarch born outside the United Kingdom, reigned until 1760 - when aged 76 he died of a ruptured heart while sat on the toilet. David Morier (1705?-70) - The Battle of Dettingen, 1743 References Description This painting was first recorded by George Vertue at Hampton Court in 1750 and described as a 'Review of His Majesty's Forces at Hanover'. More recently it has been identified as depicting the Battle of Dettingen of 1743, the last occasion during which a reigning British monarch lead forces into battle.

The King on horseback with officers, including the Duke of Cumberland, are seen on an eminence overlooking a plain on which the cavalry and infantry are drawn up; those nearest the royal party are probably the 1st Foot Guards. The distant town is critical to the identification of the subject. The artist of this painting is clearly a military specialist and contemporary of Morier; it is does not seem however to be by his hand. Provenance Presmably acquired by George II People involved The Battle of Dettingen 1743 Museums The last battle at which a British King was present, King George II: a victory for the Pragmatic Army led, nominally, by King George II King George II with the Duke of Cumberland at the Battle of Dettingen on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: picture by John Wootton: click here to buy this picture The previous battle in the British Battles series is the Battle of Malplaquet The next battle of the War of the Austrian Succession is the Battle of Fontenoy War: War of the Austrian Succession or King George’s War (the name in North America).

Battle of Dettingen on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: picture by John Mackenzie Date of the Battle of Dettingen: 16th June 1743 (old style) (new style: 27th June 1743) Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: picture by Henri Dupray: click here to buy this picture Duc de Noailles French Commander at the Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession Place of the Battle of Dettingen: Dettingen was fought in South West Germany on the North bank of the Main river some 70 miles East of Frankfurt and 3 miles West of Aschaffenburg. Combatants at the Battle of Dettingen: The Pragmatic Army comprising British, Hanoverians and Austrians against a French Army.

Generals at the Battle of Dettingen: George II, King of England and Elector of Hanover, Earl of Stair, Marshall Konigseck, Duc D’Ahremburg, General Ilton (Hanover). The French were commanded by the Duc de Noailles and the force that crossed the Main was commanded by the Comte de Grammont. Size of the Armies at the Battle of Dettingen: 70,000 French and 50,000 British and allied troops.

Winner of the Battle of Dettingen: Pragmatic Army British Regiments at the Battle of Dettingen: The following modern British Regiments hold Dettingen as a battle honour: Third Troop of Horse Guards: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: Mackenzie after Representation of Cloathing 1742 The Life Guards, the Blues and Royals, the Queen’s Dragoon Guards, the Royal Dragoon Guards, the Royal Scots Dragoon Guards, the Queen’s Royal Hussars, the Grenadier Guards, the Coldstream Guards, the Scots Guards, the Princess of Wales’s Royal Regiment, the King’s Regiment, the Devon and Dorset Regiment, the Royal Anglian Regiment, the Light Infantry, the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, the Royal Highland Fusiliers, the Royal Welch Fusiliers and the Duke of Wellington’s Regiment.

The following British regiments fought at the battle: 3rd and 4th Troops of Horse Guards, 2nd Troop of Horse Grenadier Guards, Royal Regiment of Horse, King’s Horse, 7th Horse, Royal Dragoons, Royal Scots Greys, King’s Dragoons, 4th, 6th and 7th Dragoons, 1st, 2nd and 3rd Foot Guards, 3rd, 4th, 11th, 12th, 13th, 20th, 21st, 23rd, 31st, 32nd, 33rd and 37th Foot. Map of the Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: map by John Fawkes Account of the Battle of Dettingen: The Battle of Dettingen is a significant victory for the British Army, being the only time in modern history that a British Force has been led into battle by a reigning monarch, King George II.

Ligonier’s 8th Horse at the Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: click here to buy this picture Although ostensibly fighting to preserve Flanders from the predations of Louis XV’s French armies, the British army’s presence on the Continent from 1742 was as much to preserve the independence of Hanover, King George II being Elector of Hanover. The British force constituted part of what was known as the “Pragmatic Army”, comprising British, Austrian and Hanoverian troops. Earl of Stair British Commander at the Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession In early 1743 the Pragmatic Allies were at a loss how to use their army against the French. Finally, late in the campaigning season and at King George II’s insistence, the Pragmatic Army march south to Frankfurt am Main and occupied the area to the west of Mainz on the River Main.

King George II intended that the army’s presence should influence the election of the new Archbishop of Mainz, an elector in the Holy Roman Empire and therefore of importance in the affairs of Hanover. The Pragmatic Army marched from Flanders during May 1743 and encamped near Aschaffenburg, around the village of Klein Ostheim. A large French Army under the Duc de Noailles occupied the south bank of the River Main to the west. The Pragmatic generals were the Earl of Stair, in nominal overall command, the Duke D’Ahrenburg and Marshall Neipperg commanding the Austrians and General Ilton commanding the Hanoverian contingent. King George II at the Battle of Dettingen on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: picture by David Morier: click here to buy this picture On 8th June 1743, King George II, the King of England, joined the army, amid a flurry of celebrations and salutes.

He brought with him a considerable retinue, conveyed by a long column of carriages and some 600 horses that paralysed the local roads for days, and his younger and favourite son, William Augustus, Duke of Cumberland, a major general in the British Army. Over the next few days George attended church services and functions in Mainz in anticipation of the election of the new archbishop. The situation of the Pragmatic Army deteriorated dramatically when the French cut the route along the Rhine and Main Rivers by which the army received supplies from its Flanders base. There had been no proper supply of bread for a week, when finally on 16th June 1743 King George II ordered the retreat to begin; west along the road to Hanau and Frankfurt and then north to Flanders. The Pragmatic Army’s route lay along the north bank of the Main River. Within three miles, King George II’s army would pass through the village of Dettingen, where the road crossed several marshy brooks flowing into the Main. As the Pragmatic Army marched towards Dettingen, advanced parties reported that the French occupied the village, blocking the road.

During the night, the French, commanded by the Duc de Grammont, had crossed the river, using bridges of boats across the Main and held the village and the marshy ground between Dettingen and the hills in strength. Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: The River Main is on the left: the French army can be seen crossing the bridges and swimming the river: Segligenstadt is on the extreme left with Hanau in the left middle distance. Klein Ostheim lies in the left foreground. Dettingen lies in the left lower middle above Klein Ostheim. On the right are the Spessart Hills. The Pragmatic Army marches from the right foreground to the middle background towards the French Army marching to meet them. Clouds of smoke mark the point of conflict. The presence of the French took the Pragmatic Army by surprise. It is a surprise that such a large force could have been in ignorance of the presence of the enemy on its own side of the river within five miles of its camp.

Garde Française: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession Preparing to give battle, the British, Austrian and Hanoverian troops formed line; the Main River on the left and the wooded Spessart Hills on the right. The Pragmatic Army took from 9am to midday to form up. This length of time must have been due to the lack of co-ordinated training between the regiments and national contingents and the difficulty of moving from a column of march with a considerable quantity of baggage into battle line. No doubt there was great anxiety at the predicament in which the Pragmatic Army found itself. The Duc de Noailles’ plan was, while the Duc de Grammont held the line of Dettingen and the streams preventing the Pragmatic allies from continuing their march, to hurry a section of his army along the south bank of the Main and cross at Aschaffenburg in the Pragmatic Army’s rear. The Pragmatic Allies would be caught between the two French forces and perhaps forced to surrender; King George II becoming a French prisoner.

Horse Grenadier of the Maison du Roi: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession As the British regiments formed to face the French in Dettingen, they watched Noailles’ troops on the far bank marching east towards Aschaffenburg. After a hurried consultation the Pragmatic commanders dispatched the British and Hanoverian Foot Guards in haste back towards Aschaffenburg. The French batteries on the south bank of the Main River began the battle, opening fire across the river as the marching French troops cleared their front. The bombardment was directed at the British cavalry moving along the North bank. The French fire seems to have inflicted few casualties. It is said that de Grammont’s clear orders were to stay in Dettingen and force the Pragmatic Army to attack him. If this is so he disobeyed. As the British, Hanoverian and Austrian regiments completed their line the French advanced out of Dettingen to the attack. There is little reliable information on the form of the battle or on the formation adopted by the Pragmatic troops. It would appear that British regiments were in the front line, but in what order is not clear.

At an early stage, French cavalry, the Maison du Roi, charged the British cavalry by the river. The French were driven back, apparently with significant loss. Dragoon Thomas Brown of Bland’s King’s Own Royal Dragoons: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: click here to buy this picture The French assault bore all the hallmarks of extreme confusion, possibly a spontaneous and undisciplined advance that De Grammont did not order. The cavalry charge was followed by a French infantry attack on the Pragmatic line of foot, the French appearing to come out of Dettingen pell-mell and in some disorder. The French foot were repelled and, panic stricken, hurried back through Dettingen, re-crossing the Main by the bridges of boats. One of the bridges collapsed and many French troops are reputed to have been drowned.

Bland’s King’s Own Royal Dragoons: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: picture by Harry Payne Royal Welch Fuziliers: Battle of Dettingen No attempt seems to have been made to follow up the repulse of De Grammont’s force. In due course the Pragmatic Army resumed its march and continued its way to Hanau, passing within a half mile or so of the chaos at the French bridges of boats. The British Army had not been in a major continental war for twenty-five years. There were few officers or soldiers with significant fighting experience, other than some older officers who had fought with Marlborough, such as the Earl of Stair and, curiously, King George II himself who had fought with distinction leading the Hanoverian contingent at the Battle of Oudenarde in 1708 . Contemporary authorities show the lack of military training systems in the British Army, particularly for the mounted regiments. There are clear references in the authorities to British cavalry regiments (particularly the King’s Horse and the Blues) bolting through the British infantry line during the battle, primarily due to inadequate horsemanship.

Contemporary map of the Battle of Dettingen on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession by Andreas Reinhard (II) of Frankfurt am Main from the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. The map is orientated with north to the bottom. The extensive French batteries to the south of the River Main are shown. Casualties at the Battle of Dettingen: British: 15 officers, 250 soldiers and 327 horses killed. 38 officers, 520 soldiers and 155 horses wounded. It is hard to reconcile the low British casualties with the bombardment by 50 French guns across the river into the British flank, a couple of hundred metres away at most, at the beginning of the battle. It may be that the guns were masked for longer by the passing French troops than the descriptions of the battle indicate. Hanover: 177 killed and 376 wounded. Austria: 315 killed and 663 wounded.

French casualties: 8,000 (not a reliable figure but the best available) Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: click here to buy this picture Follow-up to the Battle of Dettingen: Royal Regiment of Horse (Blues): Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: Mackenzie after Representation of Cloathing 1742 Once the battle was over, the Pragmatic Army continued its retreat to Hanau and in due course returned to its bases in Flanders. The British casualties were left on the battlefield for the French to look after. Regimental anecdotes and traditions from the Battle of Dettingen: At the beginning of the battle it seemed that the French threat was to Aschaffenburg. The Hanoverian General Ilton dispatched the Hanoverian and British Foot Guards to the rear of the army. To their indignation these regiments took no part in the battle, for which they blamed Ilton. There was no love lost between the British and the Hanoverians.

General Ilton protested that his action in sending them to the rear had ‘preserved’ them. The officers of the Foot Guards labeled Ilton the ‘Confectioner’. Royal Scotch Fuziliers: Battle of Dettingen The absence of the British Foot Guards from the fighting was a cause of much ribaldry among the British Line Regiments. There was an incident during the First World War when a battalion of the East Surrey Regiment (31st Foot the ‘Young Buffs) made slighting remarks at a Grenadier Guards battalion of their failure to take part in the fighting at the Battle of Dettingen. One of the principal French regiments of foot in the attack from Dettingen was the Garde Française. This regiment is reputed to have been particularly quick to re-cross the Main, many of its soldiers being thrown into the river by the bridge’s collapse. The regiment thereby acquired the nickname of “Les Canards du Main”. Hence the French word ‘canard’ meaning an insult. (see the comments of Sir Charles Hay to the Garde Française at the Battle of Fontenoy).

Cornet Richardson rescuing the standard of the 7th Horse: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession During the attack by the French Maison du Roi, Cornet Richardson of Ligonier’s Horse (7th Dragoon Guards) rescued his regiment’s standard. Dragoon Thomas Brown of Bland’s King’s Own Royal Dragoons: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession Dragoon Thomas Brown rescued the guidon of Bland’s Dragoons (3rd Hussars) and was knighted by King George II. Another cavalryman who distinguished himself at the Battle of Dettingen was George Daraugh of Sir Robert Rich’s Dragoons. Lieutenant Colonel Sir Andrew Agnew of Lochaw warned his Royal Scots Fusiliers not to fire until they could ‘see the whites of their e’en’. King George II is said to have called the 31st Foot the “Buffs” during the battle.

It was pointed out to him that they were not in fact the “Buffs”, although they wore buff facings like the 3rd Foot, but were a more recently raised regiment. The King is reputed to have called out, “Well done the Young Buffs.” The Horse Guards are said to have played ‘Britons strike home’ as they charged. The Duke of Cumberland was wounded by a bullet in the leg during the battle. He was troubled by this injury for the rest of his life. His close friend the Earl of Albemarle was also wounded (see Braddock III ). Dragoon George Daraugh of Sir Robert Rich’s Dragoons: Battle of Dettingen 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession King George II’s horse bolted during the battle. The King is said to have sheltered under an oak and to have presented an oak leaf to the soldiers who looked after him. The Cheshire Regiment (22nd Regiment of Foot) claims this honour. However they were in garrison in Gibraltar at the time. King George II was not the only one who had trouble controlling his horse.

The Royal Regiment of Horse (the Blues) and the King’s Horse are reputed to have bolted through the Royal Scots Fusiliers. Among those who took part in the Battle of Dettingen were: George August Elliott, the defender of Gibraltar during the 7 year siege in the Bourbon War of 1777, becoming Lord Heathfield, Lieutenant James Wolfe, appointed in 1759 Major General in America and capturer of the City of Quebec, Lieutenant Jeffrey Amherst, appointed in 1759 to command in America and conqueror of French Canada. The Battle of Dettingen is of considerable importance in British history almost solely because of the presence of the Sovereign, King George II. Handel wrote a Te Deum and an anthem in celebration of the victory.

Horse Guards at the Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: picture by Harry Payne 31st Foot: Battle of Dettingen fought on 16th June 1743 in the War of the Austrian Succession: Mackenzie after Representation of Cloathing 1742 King George II is said to have revived the title of ‘Knight Banneret’ to honour British soldiers for distinguished conduct at the Battle of Dettingen. Among those said to have been so honoured were Cornet Richardson of the 7th Horse and Dragoon Thomas Brown of Bland’s King’s Own Dragoons. Lieutenant-General John Ligonier was made a Knight of the Bath by King George II on the field after the Battle of Dettingen. The contemporary plan of the Battle of Dettingen (see above) from the archives of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam is a significant document in establishing the circumstances and chain of events in the battle. It shows for example that the French camp was immediately across the Main River from the camp of the Pragmatic Army. It also shows the extensive French batteries on the south side of the River Main.

References for the Battle of Dettingen: William Augustus Duke of Cumberland by Evan Charteris Field Marshall Lord Ligonier by Rex Whitworth Fortescue’s History of the British Army Volume II Fontenoy by Francis Henry Skrine William Augustus Duke of Cumberland by Rex Whitworth Dettingen 1743 by Michael Orr The previous battle in the British Battles series is the Battle of Malplaquet The next battle of the War of the Austrian Succession is the Battle of Fontenoy King George II | Britroyals Born: October 30, 1683 at Herrenhausen, Hanover Parents: George I and Sophia Dorothea Relation to Elizabeth II: 5th great-grandfather House of: Hanover Ascended to the throne: June 11, 1727 aged 43 years Crowned: October 11, 1727 at Westminster Abbey Married: Caroline, daughter of Margrave of Brandenburg Children: Four sons and five daughters Died: October 25, 1760 at Kensington Palace, aged 76 years, 11 months, and 25 days Buried at: Westminster Reigned for: 33 years,

 4 months, and 15 days Succeeded by: his grandson George III George II was born in Hanover the son of George I and Sophia of Celle.

He married Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1705 an attractive and intelligent women, and they had 9 children. In 1708 he took part in the Battle of Oudenarde in Belgium against the French. His father became King George I of England in 1714 and he became Prince of Wales. However his father�s treatment of his mother whom he had imprisoned left son George with a hatred of his father and they regularly quarrelled. He was even put under arrest by his father who excluded him from public ceremonies. When his father died in 1727 he became King George II and set about changing his father�s policies. Walpole was expected to be dismissed but survived on the intervention of Queen Caroline. The death of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI in 1740 led to the European War of Austrian Succession in which the British and Dutch supported Marie Theresa�s claim to the Austrian throne against the Prussians and French. George II personally led his troops at the Battle of Dettingen in 1743, becoming the last British monarch to lead his troops into battle.

The Jacobite Rebellion of 1745, in which Charles Edward Stuart (�Bonnie Prince Charlie�) landed in Scotland and marched with a Highland army into England, was defeated at Culloden in 1746 and Scottish opposition brutally suppressed by George�s second son Prince William, Duke of Cumberland. Like his father he quarrelled with his eldest son Frederick, Prince of Wales, over his marriage but Frederick died suddenly in 1751. The final years of his reign saw George retiring from active politics; however it was a period in which British dominance overseas grew. William Pitt became Prime Minister during the Seven years war against France which spread to India and North America. Robert Clive secured the Indian continent for Britain at the Battle of Plassey, and General Wolfe captured Quebec in Canada. George II died in 1760 of an aneurysm while seated on his water closet. He was succeeded by his grandson also called George. King George II's Signature Quotes: �No I shall have mistresses� � King George II (to his wife Caroline on her death bed when she suggested that he remarry) �Mad, is he?

Then I hope he will bite some of my other generals� � King George II (about General Wolfe) �I hate all Boets and Bainters� � King George II on the arts (he spoke with a strong German accent). He did however have a soft spot for music particularly George Frederick Handel who wrote Zadok the Priest for his coronation and Music for Royal Fireworks to celebrate the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Timeline for King George II Year George II (1683 - 1760) - Find A Grave Memorial Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea Greater London, England British Monarch. Born George Augustus Guelph in what was at the time the Electorate of Hanover, he was the only son of George Louis, Prince of Brunswick-Luneburg (later King George I) and Sophia of Celle. He married Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach on August 27, 1705, and upon the death of his father George I, he acceeded to the throne of Great Britain in 1727, and was crowned on October 11. George II had three great passions in life - the military, music, and his wife.

Although often unsure of himself politically, he was a brave man who holds the distinction of being the last British monarch to personally lead his troops into battle (against the French at the Battle of Dettingen, Bavaria in 1743 during the War of the Austrian Succession). In 1745 and 1746, his royal troops suppressed the last Jacobite uprising led by Prince Charles Edward Stuart. Britain was expanding as a colonial power, and clashed with France in India, America (the French and Indian Wars) and Europe (the Seven Years War). During the latter years of his reign, George II no longer took an active part in politics and war, but the foundations of the Industrial Revolution were laid, the population was rising rapidly, and in 1752 Great Britain officially abandoned the Julian Calendar for the Gregorian. King George II died of an aortic dissection at the age of 77. He was succeeded by his grandson, George III.

(bio by: Kristen Conrad) 1743 by Country: 1743 in Austria, 1743 in England, 1743 in France, 1743 in Great Britain, Battle of Dettingen, 1743 English Cricket Sea: Amazon.it: LLC Books: Libri in altre lingue click to open popover Descrizione prodotto Chapters: 1743 in Austria, 1743 in England, 1743 in France, 1743 in Great Britain, Battle of Dettingen, 1743 English Cricket Season, Treaty of Worms, 1743 in Ireland, 1743 in Canada. Source: Wikipedia. Pages: 28. Not illustrated. Free updates online. Purchase includes a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Excerpt: The Battle of Dettingen (German: ) took place on 27 June 1743 at Dettingen in Bavaria during the War of the Austrian Succession.

It was the last time that a British monarch, George II, personally led his troops into battle. The British forces, in alliance with those of Hanover and Hesse, defeated a French army under the duc de Noailles although France and Britain had not yet declared war. The allied army was known as the Pragmatic Army because it was a confederation of states that supported the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713 agreements to recognize Maria-Theresa as Archduchess of Austria. The British force of 16,000 men under John Dalrymple, 2nd Earl of Stair had landed at Ostend in the Austrian Netherlands on 10 July 1742. Here it formed the Pragmatic Army, some 44,000 strong at the start of the campaign, also containing 16,000 Hanoverians with the balance made up of Austrians, Hessians and Dutch.The army remained here inactive until January 1743, when King George II ordered Dalrymple to march into Germany, leaving the Hessians and some Austrian troops to protect the Netherlands.

The internal divisions in the Dutch Republic delayed their army of 20,000 so that it came too late to participate in the campaign. The Austrian commander, the Duke of Arenberg, proposed to follow the Neckar and march towards Bavaria, but King George feared a Prussian attack on Hanover and decided to march along the north bank of the Main, keeping all options open. On 17 June the army set up camp between Kleinostheim and Aschaffenburg. King George II, accompanie...More: http: //booksllc.net/?id=125201 Non Ã¨ necessario possedere un dispositivo Kindle. Scarica una delle app Kindle gratuite per iniziare a leggere i libri Kindle sul tuo smartphone, tablet e computer. Apple British Royal Progenitors: Tenth Generation Tenth Generation 105. GEORGE II Augustus Guelph10 HANOVER ( GEORGE I Louis Guelph11 , Ernest Augustus12 Duke of BRUNSWICK-LUNEBURG ) (40) was born in Herrenhausen, Hanover, Germany 30 OCT 1683. Individual flags: KingGrBr.

GEORGE died 25 OCT 1760 in Kensington Pal., London, England, at 76 years of age. (41) RESEARCH NOTES: Died of a heart attack brought on by exertions due to constipation. His body was interred in Westminster Abbey. He married Caroline of ANSPACH in Herrenhausen, 22 AUG 1705. Caroline was born in Anspach, Germany 1 MAR 1682. Caroline was the daughter of John Frederick and Eleonore Erdmuthe Louise. Caroline died 20 NOV 1737 in St.James' Palace, London, England, at 55 years of age. Her body was interred in Westminster Abbey. The last British monarch to personally lead his troops into battle (at the Battle of Dettingen, 15 JUN 1743). GEORGE II Augustus Guelph HANOVER and Caroline of ANSPACH had the following children: + 93 i. Frederick Louis9 HANOVER, Prince of Wales was born 20 JAN 1707. 106 ii.

Anne HANOVER, Princess Royal was born in Herrenhousen 2 NOV 1709. Anne died 12 JAN 1759 in The Hague, at 49 years of age. She married William IV Prince of ORANGE in French Chapel, St. James' Palace, 25 MAR 1734. 107 iii. Amelia Sophia Eleanor HANOVER was born in Herrenhousen 10 JUL 1711. Amelia died 31 OCT 1768 in Cavendish Square, London, at 57 years of age. 108 iv. Caroline Elizabeth HANOVER was born in Herrenhausen 10 JUN 1713. Caroline died 28 DEC 1757 in St. James' Palace, at 44 years of age. 109 v. unknown HANOVER was born 9 NOV 1716. 110 vi. George William HANOVER was born in St. James' Palace 2 NOV 1717.

George died 6 FEB 1718 in Kensington Palace, at less than one year of age. 111 vii. William Augustus HANOVER, Duke of CUMBERLAND (42) was born in Leicester House 15 APR 1721. William died 31 OCT 1765 in London, at 44 years of age. Known as "Butcher Cumberland" after Culloden, 1746. 112 viii. Mary HANOVER was born in Leicester House 22 FEB 1723. Mary died 14 JAN 1772 in Hanau, at 48 years of age. She married Frederick II Landgrave of HESSE-CASSEL in Cassel, 28 JUN 1740. 113 ix. Louisa HANOVER was born in Leicester House, London 7 DEC 1724. Louisa died 8 DEC 1751 in Christiansborg, at 27 years of age. She married FREDERICK V of Denmark.

(Additional notes for FREDERICK V of Denmark (43) ) Handel Dettingen Te Deum | gramophone.co.uk Home » Reviews » Handel Dettingen Te Deum Handel Dettingen Te Deum Nobody makes as joyous a noise as Handel, as the Cambridge Choir shows View record and artist details Record and Artist Details Te Deum in D, 'Dettingen' George Frideric Handel Composer (16) Concertos for Organ and Strings, A, HWV296 (1739) George Frideric Handel Composer Coronation Anthems, Zadok the Priest, HWV258 George Frideric Handel Composer Te Deum in D, 'Dettingen' (16) Concertos for Organ and Strings, A, HWV296 (1739) Coronation Anthems, Zadok the Priest, HWV258 Buy from Amazon Handel reportedly remarked that what the English really liked was music that “hit them on the drum of the ear”.

He certainly gave them that in the festive Dettingen Te Deum, hastily composed to celebrate George II’s victory against the French in 1743 – the last time a British monarch personally led his troops into battle. Hugely popular in Handel’s lifetime, the Te Deum has been sniffily treated by modern scholars, suspicious of its militaristic trumpeting and drumming. Yet in a performance as expert and committed as this the pealing D major choruses, built from minimal means (and pilfering liberally from a Te Deum by Urio), have an elemental boldness and grandeur of effect of which Handel invariably possessed the secret. The composer was also careful to leaven ceremonial splendour with lyrical, reflective episodes such as the gently lilting “When thou lookest” and the imploring “Vouchsafe, O Lord”. Surprisingly, the final chorus is a graceful triple-time dance (shades here of “And the glory of the Lord” in Messiah) that, as David Vickers suggests in his informative note, conveys a mood of gratitude and warmth rather than bellicose triumphalism. Stephen Layton obviously believes strongly in a work that today ranks almost as neglected Handel.

Under his fervent, energetic direction, Trinity College Choir (topped by a notably pure soprano line) strike a nice balance between choral-scholarly refinement and earthy, swashbuckling directness in the swaggering D major choruses. The Academy of Ancient Music match them in style and panache, with superb trumpet solos from David Blackadder. Layton and his responsive forces also beautifully catch the quiet, introspective gravity of numbers like the chorus “We believe that thou shalt come to be our judge” and “Vouchsafe, O Lord”, sung with hushed intensity by Neal Davies. Choral-orchestral balance is ideally judged in the atmospheric acoustic of Trinity College Chapel. Complementing the inspiriting performance of the Te Deum – one to make you upgrade the work’s status – is a properly overwhelming account of Zadok the Priest, resplendent without ponderousness, and a delightfully deft one (on a silvery-toned, six-stop chamber organ) of the A major concerto that Handel quickly recycled as the Concerto grosso Op 6 No 11.

Question: At Dettingen in 1743 who was the last British monarch to lead his troops into battle?
Answer: George II