Regicide - English Language Tutorials regicide: (plural: ‘regicides‘; for the right pronunciation of this word, please click here ) ‘Regicide’ is more commonly used to refer to the act of deliberately killing a king or a queen. a person who either kills a king or a queen or who is responsible for the death of a king or a queen, Julius Cesar (on the floor) and his regicides, those who stabbed him to death e.g. Each of the monarchs of the past was either killed or imprisoned by at least one of the other heirs to the throne, and immediately after the successful plot of killing the king/queen, the regicide would occupy the throne, and would rule the kingdom until another regicide plots for his/her own death! The regicides who stabbed Julius Caesar, the emperor of ancient Rome, to death were his own senators, including his very close associate, Brutus. In the modern day usage, politicians who deceive or disobey their high command orders and vote against thier own party decisions in parliament sessions are figuratively called ‘regicides’ because losing an issue to the Opposition is worse than being literally killed.

For an informative article that explains what a regicide is, please click here , for an article about the regicides of Charles I, please click here and for an interesting podcast that discusses regicide in detail, please click here .

Note: A “patricide” is a person who kills or has killed his/her own father; a ‘matricide’ is a person who kills or has killed his/her own mother; a ‘parricide or parenticide’ is a person who kills or has killed his/her own parents and any other close relatives; a “fratricide” is a person who kills or has killed his/her own brother; a ‘sororicide‘ is a person who kills or has killed his/her own sister; a “uxoricide” is a man who kills or has killed his wife; a “mariticide or viricide” is a woman who kills or has killed her husband; a “filicide or prolicide” is a person who kills or has killed his/her own children; an “infanticide” is a person who kills or has killed very young baby/infant; and a “homicide” is a person who kills another person, not necessarily his/her relative, and a ‘suicide‘ is a person who kills himself or herself and the act of killing oneself.

And all the ‘..cides’ are used not only to refer to the persons involved but also to refer to ‘the act of killing somebody’. Regicide R Regicide The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a monarch , or the person responsible for the killing of a monarch. In a narrower sense, in the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after alleged due process of law . The regicide of Mary Queen of Scots Before the Tudor period, English kings had been murdered while imprisoned (for example Edward II or Edward V) or killed in battle by their subjects (for example Richard III), but none of these deaths are usually referred to as regicide. The word regicide seems to have come into popular use among foreign Catholics when Pope Sixtus V renewed the solemn bull of excommunication against the crowned regicide Queen Elizabeth I, for executing Mary Queen of Scots in 1587 among other things. She had originally been excommunicated (Regnans in Excelsis) by Pope Pius V for converting England to Protestantism after the reign of Mary I of England (Bloody Mary).

The defeat of the Spanish Armada and the "Protestant wind" convinced most English people that God approved of Elizabeth's action. The regicide of Charles I of England After the First English Civil War, King Charles I was a prisoner of the Parliamentarians . They tried to negotiate a compromise with him, but he stuck steadfastly to his view that he was King by Divine Right and attempted in secret to raise an army to fight against them. When it became obvious to the leaders of the Parliamentarians that they could not negotiate a settlement with him and they could not trust him to refrain from raising an army against them, they reluctantly came to the conclusion that they would have to kill him. On 13 December 1648, the House of Commons broke off negotiations with the King. Two days later, the Council of Officers of the New Model Army voted that the King be moved from the Isle of Wight , where he was prisoner, to Windsor "in order to the bringing of him speedily to justice". In the middle of December, the King was moved from Windsor to London .

The House of Commons of the Rump Parliament passed a Bill setting up a High Court of Justice in order to try Charles I for high treason in the name of the people of England. From a Royalist and post-restoration perspective this Bill was not lawful, since the House of Lords refused to pass it and it failed to receive Royal Assent. However, the Parliamentary leaders and the Army pressed on with the trial anyway. At his trial in front of The High Court of Justice on Saturday 20 January 1649 in Westminster Hall, Charles asked "I would know by what power I am called hither. I would know by what authority, I mean lawful". In view of the historic issues involved, both sides based themselves on surprisingly technical legal grounds. Charles did not dispute that Parliament as a whole did have some judicial powers, but he maintained that the House of Commons on its own could not try anybody, and so he refused to plead. At that time under English law if a prisoner refused to plead then this was treated as a plea of guilty.

(This has since been changed; a refusal to plead now is interpreted as a not-guilty plea.) He was found guilty on Saturday 27 January 1649, and his death warrant was signed by 59 Commissioners. To show their agreement with the sentence of death, all of the Commissioners who were present rose to their feet. On the day of his execution, 30 January 1649, Charles dressed in two shirts so that he would not shiver from the cold, in case it was said that he was shivering from fear. His execution was delayed by several hours so that the House of Commons could pass an emergency bill to make it an offence to proclaim a new King, and to declare the representatives of the people, the House of Commons, as the source of all just power. Charles was then escorted through the Banqueting House in the Palace of Whitehall to a scaffold. He forgave those who had passed sentence on him and gave instructions to his enemies that they should learn to "know their duty to God, the King - that is, my successors - and the people".

He then gave a brief speech outlining his unchanged views of the relationship between the monarchy and the monarch's subjects, ending with the words "I am the martyr of the people". His head was severed from his body with one blow. One week later, the Rump, sitting in the House of Commons, passed a bill abolishing the monarchy. Ardent Royalists refused to accept it on the basis that there could never be a vacancy of the Crown. Others refused because, as the bill had not passed the House of Lords and did not have Royal Assent, it could not become an Act of Parliament. The Declaration of Breda 11 years later paved the way for the restoration of the monarchy in 1660. At the restoration, thirty-one of the fifty-nine Commissioners who had signed the death warrant were living. A general pardon was given by Charles II and Parliament to his opponents, but the regicides were excluded. A number fled the country. Some, such as Daniel Blagrave, fled to continental Europe, while others like John Dixwell, Edward Whalley, and William Goffe fled to New Haven, Connecticut. Those who were still available were put on trial.

Six regicides were found guilty and suffered the fate of being hanged, drawn and quartered: Thomas Harrison, John Jones, Adrian Scroope, John Carew, Thomas Scot, and Gregory Clement. The captain of the guard at the trial, Daniel Axtell who encouraged his men to barrack the King when he tried to speak in his own defence, an influential preacher Hugh Peters, and the leading prosecutor at the trial John Cook were executed in a similar manner. Colonel Francis Hacker who signed the order to the executioner of the king and commanded the guard around the scaffold and at the trial was hanged. Some regicides were pardoned, while a further nineteen served life imprisonment. The bodies of the regicides Cromwell , Bradshaw and Ireton which had been buried in Westminster Abbey were disinterred and hanged, drawn and quartered. In 1662, three more regicides John Okey, John Barkstead and Miles Corbet were also hanged, drawn and quartered. The officers of the court that tried Charles I, those who prosecuted him and those who signed his death warrant, have been known ever since the restoration as regicides.

The Parliamentary Archives in the Palace of Westminster, London, holds the original death warrant of Charles I. Other regicides Under the definition of a regicide in common usage in England, there have been two other such events since 1649: the execution of Louis XVI of France in 1793, after sentence of death by the National Convention and Maximilian I of Mexico in 1867 by a Mexican court-martial .

Since Pope Sixtus V's gave his broader definition of regicide and excluding monarchs killed in battle, other regicides include: 1589 Henry III of France by Jacques Clément 1610 Henry IV of France by François Ravaillac 1792 Gustav III of Sweden by Jacob Johan Anckarström 1801 Emperor Paul of Russia by Count Pahlen and his accomplices 1828 Shaka King of the Zulus by his half-brother and successor Dingane and accomplices 1881 Alexander II of Russia by Ignacy Hryniewiecki, a member of Narodnaya Volya (People's Will) 1895 Min of Joseon by three mercenary killers allegedly hired by Japanese minister to Korea Miura Goro 1896 Nasser al-Din Shah, Qajar king of Persia ( Iran ), by Mirza Reza Kermani. 1900 Umberto I of Italy by anarchist Gaetano Bresci. 1903 Alexander I of Serbia and his wife Queen Draga by a group of army officers.

1908 Carlos I of Portugal by Alfredo Costa and Manuel Buiça, both connected to the Carbonária (the Portuguese section of the Carbonari) 1913 George I of Greece by Alexandros Schinas 1918 Nicholas II of Russia and the Imperial Family executed by a Bolshevik firing squad under the command of Yakov Yurovsky. 1934 Alexander I of Yugoslavia by Bulgarian terrorist Vlado Chernozemski 1958 Faisal II of Iraq executed by firing squad under the command of Captain Abdus Sattar As Sab, a member of the coup d'état led by Colonel Abdul Karim Qassim. 1975 Faisal of Saudi Arabia by his nephew Faisal bin Musa'id (Assassin publicly beheaded) 2001 Birendra of Nepal by his son Crown Prince Dipendra in the massacre of the Nepalese royal family; Dipendra proceeded to commit suicide without having been crowned king. Regicides as murders Regicide has particular resonance within the concept of the Divine Right of Kings, whereby monarchs were presumed by decision of God to have a divinely anointed authority to rule.

As such, an attack on a king by one of his own subjects was taken to amount to a direct challenge to the monarch, to his Divine Right to Rule, and thus to God's will. Even after the disappearance of the Divine Right of Kings and the appearance of constitutional monarchies , the term continued and continues to be used to describe the murder of a king. In France , the judicial penalty for regicides (i.e. those who had murdered, or attempted to murder, the King) was especially hard, even in regard to the harsh judicial practices of pre- revolutionary France. As with many criminals, the regicide was tortured so as to make him tell the names of his accomplices. However, the method of execution itself was a form of torture. Here is a description of the death of Robert-François Damiens, who attempted to kill Louis XV: He was first tortured with red-hot pincers; his hand, holding the knife used in the attempted murder, was burnt using sulphur; molten wax, lead, and boiling oil were poured into his wounds. Horses were then harnessed to his arms and legs for his dismemberment.

Damiens' joints would not break; after some hours, representatives of the Parlement ordered the executioner and his aides to cut Damiens' joints. Damiens was then dismembered, to the applause of the crowd. His trunk, apparently still living, was then burnt at the stake. In common with earlier executions for regicides: the hand that attempted the murder is burnt the regicide is dismembered alive. Interestingly, in both the François Ravaillac and the Damiens cases, court papers refer to the offenders as a patricide , rather than as regicide, which lets one deduce that, through divine right, the king was also regarded as "Father of the country". (Wikipedia) What does regicide mean? One who kills a king. Origin: From regis, genitive singular of rex + -cida or -cidium, both from caedo Webster Dictionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Regicide(noun) one who kills or who murders a king; specifically (Eng.Hist.), one of the judges who condemned Charles I. to death Regicide(noun) the killing or the murder of a king Origin: [F. rgicide; L.

rex, regis, a king + caedere to kill. Cf. Homicide.] Freebase(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Regicide The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a monarch, or the person responsible for the killing of a monarch. In a narrower sense, in the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after a trial. More broadly, it can also refer to the killing of an emperor. Chambers 20th Century Dictionary(0.00 / 0 votes)Rate this definition: Regicide rej′i-sīd, n. the murderer of a king—applied esp. to the members of the High Court of Justice who sentenced Charles I. to death.—adj. Regicī′dal. [Fr.,—L. rex, regis, a king, cædĕre, to kill.] Numerology The numerical value of regicide in Chaldean Numerology is: 6 Pythagorean Numerology regicide - English-Spanish Dictionary - WordReference.com regicide nnoun: Refers to person, place, thing, quality, etc.

(killing of a king) regicidio nmnombre masculino: Sustantivo de género exclusivamente masculino ("televisor", "piso"). How Many Regicides? How many Regicides? "Regicide" is the killing of a king and "Regicides" are king killers. The capitalized plural term almost always refers to those charged with the death of King Charles I in 1649. In a search for "regicide", you'll also find references in France to the 1793 execution of King Louis XVI and, in Russia, to the 1918 execution of Tsar Nicholas II. But in France and Russia, the executions were part of successful revolutions and no one was brought to trial for the crime of regicide. So, when you search for "regicides", it's just about all about Charles I. You'll also find a lot of disagreement about the number of regicides. The charge against the regicides was "compassing and imagining the death of the king." No one was charged for acting as executioner and there is still doubt as to who actually swung the ax. The regicides were those who had a role in plotting the execution.

Here are the numbers of Regicides you might see and the reasons. "About 100" ... is the number of people excepted from the Act of Pardon of 6 June 1660. At the Restoration of the Monarchy, Charles II showed political adeptness by quickly resolving past conflicts. He gave a general pardon that excluded those excepted by Parliament. About 100 men who were closely involved with the execution of his father and the establishment of Oliver Cromwell as Lord Protector were excepted. Charles II, who was 18 when his father was executed in 1649, could easily have been more vengeful, but he focused more on reuniting the nation. Most of those excepted secured pardons or prison sentences. Mercy was usually given to those who turned themselves in rather than wait to be arrested. The 13 who were executed could be called scapegoats, but it's remarkable that only 13 of the conspirators were executed in this effort to bring closure to the Civil Wars and seal the Restoration of the Monarchy. 67 ...

is the number of judges or Parliamentary Commissioners who were present on Saturday, January 27, 1649 when the King was sentenced to death. Commissioners are members of a committee who are given authorization by Parliament to do something. In this case, it seems that all members of Parliament were authorized to sit in judgment on the King. Thus, Members of Parliament, Commissioners, and Judges seem to refer to the same people. Note that Parliament was the Rump Parliament, with no House of Lords and only those members of the House of Commons who were sympathetic to the Parliamentary Army and were allowed entry in Prides Purge. The number of Judges varied from day to day of the trial. 59 ...was the number of members of the "Rump" Parliament who signed the Death Warrant against King Charles I. Some were unwilling and Richard Ingoldsby won a pardon by claiming that Oliver Cromwell had held his hand to make him sign.

41 ...was the number of signers of the 1649 death warrant who were still alive at the Restoration in 1660. 29 ...was the number who went to trial as regicides in 1660. This included the signers of the death warrant plus a few more conspirators minus those who fled the country and minus those who cut deals with Charles II. 13 ...is the total number who where executed as regicides. 10 ...was the total number (judges and others) executed as of October, 1660. Three more (Okey, Barkstead, Corbet) were executed in 1662 after they were captured in Holland. 9 ... was the number of judges who were executed as regicides. These 9 judges also signed the death warrant. A few authors, such as Wedgwood, consider only these judges as regicides. Four others were too close to the Kings death to hope for mercy from his son... (Wedgwood, The Trial of Charles I). The four were preacher Hugh Peters, military men Daniel Axtell and Francis Hacker, and prosecuting lawyer, John Cook.

Most authors consider all those accused of compassing and imagining the death of the King as regicides. 6 ... was the number of judges who were executed as of October, 1660. 0 ... was the number of people who were accused of acting as executioner and executing the sentence of severing his head from his body. Regicide - Definition and synonyms of regicide in the English dictionary. Translation of regicide to 20 languages. regicide Meaning of regicide in the English dictionary DICTIONARY ETYMOLOGY OF THE WORD REGICIDE From Latin rēx king + -cide. Etymology is the study of the origin of words and their changes in structure and significance. PRONUNCIATION OF REGICIDE exclamation Regicide is a noun. A noun is a type of word the meaning of which determines reality. Nouns provide the names for all things: people, objects, sensations, feelings, etc. WHAT DOES REGICIDE MEAN IN ENGLISH? Regicide The broad definition of regicide is the deliberate killing of a monarch, or the person responsible for the killing of a monarch.

In a narrower sense, in the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after a trial. More broadly, it can also refer to the killing of an emperor or any other reigning sovereign. Read more Definition of regicide in the English dictionary The definition of regicide in the dictionary is the killing of a king. Other definition of regicide is a person who kills a king.

ENGLISH WORDS THAT BEGIN LIKE REGICIDE Synonyms and antonyms of regicide in the English dictionary of synonyms SYNONYMS WORDS RELATING TO «REGICIDE» regicide halo gameplay sentence swtor runescape band broad deliberate killing monarch person responsible narrower sense british tradition refers judicial execution king after trial regicide wiki fourth quest series where lathas sends player tirannwn kill brother tyras tyranny merriam webster crime queen someone kills full define death especially judges condemned charles england guide runehq continuing plague city takes beyond well voyage realm will employ once meaning pronunciation translations wiktionary from jump navigation search plural regicides urban monarchs those with limited vocabs killer vocabulary latin regis ancient french cide today applied edit page last year months spartan first place racks bounty increases warhammer chess Translation of «regicide» into 20 languages TRANSLATOR TRANSLATION OF REGICIDE Find out the translation of regicide to 20 languages with our English multilingual translator . The translations of regicide from English to other languages presented in this section have been obtained through automatic statistical translation; where the essential translation unit is the word «regicide» in English.

List of principal searches undertaken by users to access our English online dictionary and most widely used expressions with the word «regicide». FREQUENCY OF USE OF THE TERM «REGICIDE» OVER TIME The graph expresses the annual evolution of the frequency of use of the word «regicide» during the past 500 years. Its implementation is based on analysing how often the term «regicide» appears in digitalised printed sources in English between the year 1500 and the present day. Examples of use in the English literature, quotes and news about regicide EXAMPLES 10 ENGLISH BOOKS RELATING TO «REGICIDE» Discover the use of regicide in the following bibliographical selection. Books relating to regicide and brief extracts from same to provide context of its use in English literature. 1 Regicide and Revolution: Speeches at the Trial of Louis XVI New to this edition is an appendix containing "Revolutionary Justice," Ferenc Feher's classic rebuttal to Walzer's thesis, and Walzer's response, "The King's Trial and the Political Culture of the Revolution." Michael Walzer, 2013 9 Select Works: Four letters on the proposals for peace with ...

But if we look to him as our security against the consequences of a Regicide Peace, let us be assured, that a Regicide Peace and a Constitutional Ministry are terms that will not agree. With a Regicide Peace the King cannot long have a ... Edmund Burke, Edward John Payne, 1878 10 Select Works: Four letters on the proposals for peace with ... with the Letters on a Regicide Peace. Difficult as the comparison would in any case be, this condition of incompleteness and mutilation renders it more difficult than ever. But one thing will be abundantly clear to any one who reads the present ... Edmund Burke, Edward John Payne, 1926 10 NEWS ITEMS WHICH INCLUDE THE TERM «REGICIDE» Find out what the national and international press are talking about and how the term regicide is used in the context of the following news items. 1 Campaign Seeks to Rename Moscow Metro Station Honoring … Campaign Seeks to Rename Moscow Metro Station Honoring Regicide. By Daria Litvinova; Jul. 23 2015 21:12; Last edited 21:13. WikicommonsThe Russian ...

«The Moscow Times, Jul 15» 2 Fringe Review: Regicide There's lots of fresh new talent in Regicide, a smart sketch show directed by Second City veteran Kerry Griffin. The lively opening ensemble number informs us ... «NOW Magazine, Jul 15» 3 Warhammer 40000: Regicide adds new Space Marines and Ork Clan Warhammer 40,000: Regicide launched in Early Access on May 4. It's probably the coolest, bloodiest game of chess you'll ever play. The Elder Scrolls Online ... «VG247, Jun 15» 4 Regicide Relief Regicide Relief. June 25, 2015 10:27 am June 25, 2015 10:27 am. Comment. Email; Share; Tweet; Save; More. Update: Just to put this out there, and let my 60s ... «New York Times, Jun 15» 5 Warhammer 40K: Regicide Full Version Release Date, News and … There are two ways to play Regicide.

Classic mode is simply the standard chess game with some great and bloody animation. Regicide mode is the Classic ... «Crossmap, May 15» 6 'Warhammer 40000: Regicide' Early Access Hands-On Preview … Fortunately Hammerfall Publishing is here with Warhammer 40,000: Regicide, a game that recreates chess as a brutal fight between Space Marines and Orks. «Gamenguide, May 15» 7 'Warhammer 40000: Regicide' Gameplay Video Shows Off Unit … (Hammerfall Publishing) Curb stomp, yo. The endless march of Warhammer titles goes marching on, this time with another look at Warhammer 40,000 Regicide. «Gamenguide, May 15» 8 'Warhammer 40000: Regicide' Gameplay Footage: This Isn't Your … Australian developer Hammerfall Publishing has released a new gameplay video for their Early Access project, Warhammer 40,000: Regicide. The game might ...

«Gamenguide, Apr 15» 9 Warhammer 40000: Regicide gets first gameplay trailer We've seen a few trailers for the upcoming Warhammer 40,000: Regicide, the Orks-versus-Space Marines game of chess that's set to hit Early Access in May. «PC Gamer, Apr 15» 10 Chess with chainswords: How Regicide builds on a classic Matt talks Warhammer 40,000: Regicide with project lead Cathrin Machin and community manager Thomas Holdsworth from Aussie studio Hammerfall ... «Gameplanet, Apr 15» REFERENCE About: Regicide About: Regicide An Entity of Type : Thing , from Named Graph : , within Data Space : dbpedia.org The broad definition of regicide (Latin regis "of king" + cida "killer" or cidium "killing") is the deliberate killing of a monarch, or the person responsible for the killing of a person of royalty. In a narrower sense, in the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after a trial. More broadly, it can also refer to the killing of an emperor or any other reigning sovereign.

Property abstract The broad definition of regicide (Latin regis "of king" + cida "killer" or cidium "killing") is the deliberate killing of a monarch, or the person responsible for the killing of a person of royalty. In a narrower sense, in the British tradition, it refers to the judicial execution of a king after a trial. More broadly, it can also refer to the killing of an emperor or any other reigning sovereign. (en) Le régicide désigne en premier lieu l’assassinat d'un roi ou d'un souverain (prince régnant, empereur) ; ainsi que l'auteur de cet acte. Il désigne aussi l'exécution d'une sentence de mort portée par un tribunal ou une assemblée, à l'encontre du souverain déposé. Dans le cas de Louis XVI, ce terme a désigné l'exécution de la peine de mort prononcée contre lui par la Convention nationale ; ainsi que les Conventionnels qui ont voté la mort. Ce terme de régicide a été surtout employé au moment de la Restauration.

Les "conventionnels régicides" ont fait ultérieurement l'objet d'une loi d'indignité et de bannissement. Toutefois, le 24 juin 1795, le futur Louis XVIII, alors comte de Provence, à l'annonce de la mort de Louis XVII au Temple, envoya de Vérone un manifeste dans lequel il prévoyait en cas de retour au pouvoir le rétablissement des anciennes institutions politiques et religieuses ainsi que la « punition des régicides ». Le terme de "régicide" n'a pas été appliqué pour qualifier l'assassinat de chefs d'états tels que le président d'une république. Par exemple, les assassins de Sadi Carnot, de Paul Doumer ou de John Fitzgerald Kennedy n'ont pas été qualifiés de "régicides". Il ne s'applique pas non plus pour les homicides accidentels (comme la mort d'Henri II lors d'un tournoi), ni pour les morts causées au combat (comme la mort de Richard III d'Angleterre).

Thomas d'Aquin, suivant en cela Aristote, considère que l'assassinat d'un tyran peut être licite dans certaines circonstances, mais on parle alors de tyrannicide. (fr) Regicidio es el asesinato u homicidio de un monarca, su consorte, un príncipe heredero o un regente. Se puede encuadrar como un subtipo de magnicidio. El móvil de un regicidio suele estar asociado a motivos políticos y, en algunas legislaciones, puede incorporar penas más graves que el simple homicidio. (es) Als Königsmord (auch Regizid) bezeichnet man den Mord an einem König. Königsmörder sind Personen, die einen solchen begehen. Beispiele sind Macbeth, der am 14. August 1040 den schottischen König Duncan I.

tötete, Johan Jacob Anckarström (1792 Mord am schwedischen König Gustav III.) und der damalige nepalesische Kronprinz Dipendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev, dem 2001 der Mord an seinem Vater Birendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev zugeschrieben wurde. Speziell mit dem englischen Wort regicides wurden nach dem Sturz des Commonwealth des Lordprotektors Richard Cromwell und der Wiederherstellung der britischen Monarchie 1659 diejenigen 84 Angehörigen des Unterhauses, zumeist Puritaner, verfolgt, die als Richter 1649 für die Hinrichtung von Karl I. gestimmt hatten. Für die meisten wurde die Todesstrafe verhängt. Oliver Cromwell selbst wurde als einer der Hauptschuldigen exhumiert und nachträglich hingerichtet. Einige entzogen sich der Verhaftung durch Flucht. Sie wurden ins Ausland verfolgt und nach London entführt oder konnten unerkannt überleben.

In der Geschichte des (ostfränkisch-)deutschen Königstums ist die erste Tötung eines Königs – nicht auf dem Schlachtfeld – im Jahre 1208 zu verzeichnen, in Bamberg. Der römisch-deutsche König Philipp von Schwaben (* 1177) aus dem Geschlecht der Staufer, König seit 1198, wurde auf dem Höhepunkt seiner Macht am 21. Juni 1208 von Otto VIII. von Wittelsbach ermordet. Neben Albrecht I. von Habsburg († 1. Mai 1308) ist Philipp der einzige römisch-deutsche Herrscher, der einem Attentat zum Opfer fiel. Im übertragenen Sinne werden bisweilen auch Personen, die zum Sturz von Vorgesetzten beigetragen haben, als Königsmörder bezeichnet.

(de) Il regicidio (dal latino: rex, "re", e un derivato di caedere, "uccidere") è una variante dell'omicidio caratterizzata dalla soppressione della vita di un re. Esempi eclatanti di regicidio furono l'omicidio di Enrico IV di Francia, avvenuto a Parigi il 14 maggio 1610 per mano del cattolico François Ravaillac, e quello di Umberto I d'Italia, avvenuto a Monza il 29 luglio 1900 per mano dell'anarchico Gaetano Bresci. In Francia e in Inghilterra il regicidio (tentato o realizzato) era punito un tempo con lo squartamento, una forma di tortura ed esecuzione capitale particolarmente cruenta.

Il termine "regicidio" venne per la prima coniato al tempo della Restaurazione, per indicare il "crimine" commesso dai membri della Convenzione nazionale (i "Conventionels") rei di aver votato ed eseguito la condanna a morte di Luigi XVI di Francia. Nel diritto italiano, chi si macchiava di tale delitto era passibile della pena di morte mediante fucilazione; se il regicidio era fallito la pena era comunemente l'ergastolo (un'eccezione fu l'anarchico Giovanni Passannante, condannato a morte per tentato regicidio, anche se poi la pena fu commutata in carcere a vita). Nel periodo tra il 1889 e il fascismo l'ergastolo fu la pena anche per il regicidio consumato, per effetto dell'abolizione della pena di morte. All'avvento della Repubblica, il delitto di regicidio è stato sostituito con quello di attentato contro il Presidente della Repubblica.

(it) Regicídio é o assassinato de um rei, seu consorte, de um príncipe herdeiro ou de outras formas de regentes, como presidentes e primeiro-ministros. (pt) 王殺し（おうごろし、英: regicide）とは、政治的・宗教的理由によって自分が仕える王を殺害すること、あるいは殺した者をさす。英語、フランス語などの「」はラテン語の「王(REX)」と「殺害(CIDE)」の合成語が由来で、忠義に反する行為であるため道徳的な非難を込めてとも言う。 (ja) Koningsmoord of regicide (Latijn: rex (koning) en occidere (doden)) is de moord op een vorst of vorstin. Dit kan een politieke moord zijn, maar ook een rituele doding of een moord vanuit persoonlijke motieven. Het doden van een koning is altijd beschouwd als een bijzonder misdrijf.

Men doodde met de persoon immers ook het staatshoofd en een aanslag op de vorst was een breuk van de trouw die een onderdaan zijn koning verschuldigd was. De aanhangers van koningen beriepen zich wel op het droit divin dat de vorst een door God gegeven recht gaf om te regeren. Dit recht en de zalving van het lichaam van de koning bij de kroning maakte de koning een sacrosante, een onschendbare persoon. Tegenstanders van de koning beriepen zich soms op het principe van tirannicide of het recht van opstand. Kantorowicz wees er in The King's Two Bodies (1957) op dat in de Middeleeuwen de koning twee lichamen had, een politiek lichaam (body politic) en een natuurlijk lichaam (body natural). Door dit onderscheid te maken, kon Karel I in 1649 geëxecuteerd worden zonder dat het Britse koningschap in gevaar kwam.

In 1793 bleek dit niet mogelijk met de executie van Lodewijk XVI waarmee dan ook een einde kwam aan het Franse koningschap. In de Middeleeuwen werd een bijzondere straf uitgesproken over koningsmoordenaars: zij werden na zware martelingen gevierendeeld. In Frankrijk was de laatste die in dit kader gevierendeeld werd Robert François Damiens, de dader van een mislukte aanslag op Lodewijk XV. Hij werd in 1757 door het Parlement van Parijs tot deze straf veroordeeld. De straf was al in onbruik geraakt toen het Franse koninkrijk werd hersteld: de leden van de Conventie, die in 1792 tijdens de Franse Revolutie koning Lodewijk XVI ter dood hadden veroordeeld, kwamen er in 1816 met verbanning vanaf.

De kwalificatie van koningsmoord is in dit geval echter wel voor discussie vatbaar aangezien Lodewijk XVI als burger Louis Capet terechtstond. Andere voorbeelden zijn Agag (Amalekieten) in 1020 v.Chr., Arses (Perzische Rijk) in 336 v.Chr., Darius III (Perzische Rijk) in 330 v.Chr., Túpac Amaru (Inca's) in 1572, Hendrik III van Frankrijk in 1589, Hendrik IV van Frankrijk in 1610, Osman II (Ottomaanse Rijk) in 1622, Ibrahim I (Ottomaanse Rijk) in 1648, Gustaaf III van Zweden in 1792, Umberto I van Italië in 1900, Karel I van Portugal in 1908, George I van Griekenland in 1913 en Alexander I van Joegoslavië in 1934.

(nl) Цареубийство, или регицид (от лат. regis — «царя» и cidium — «убийство») — лишение жизни монарха. (ru) Królobójstwo – zabójstwo króla, władcy, osoby stojącej na czele jakiejś społeczności. W określonych okolicznościach było czynem legalnym ujętym w ramy ceremonii, mającym charakter sakralny (święty). (pl) What is a Regicide? (with pictures) What is a Regicide? Last Modified Date: 25 December 2016 Copyright Protected: These 10 facts about space will blow your mind The term “regicide” is used in two senses. In the first, it refers to killing or murdering a crowned monarch such as a king. In the second sense, the word is used to describe someone who kills a monarch or participates in a regicide.

History has seen a large number of regicides as part of the complex struggle for power in nations all over the world, and the practice is hardly extinct; in 2001, for example, the King of Nepal was killed by his own son. In England, most people use the term regicide to refer specifically to monarchs who have been killed after legal proceedings. The two most famous regicides are probably those of Mary, Queen of Scots, who was executed on the orders of Elizabeth I, and Charles I, who was executed by a team of conspirators during the English Civil War. Numerous other English monarchs have been killed in the course of battle or while imprisoned, but English historians generally do not term these deaths regicides. As one can imagine, the punishments for regicide vary depending on the circumstances of the regicide. In many cases, a regicide marks the beginning of a new government and era, in which case the regicides may actually become celebrated leaders. In other instances, the rebellion and unrest which led to the regicide is put down, and the participants are severely punished. In the English Civil War, the regicides of Charles I were punished retroactively, after the monarchy was restored.

Ad Some other famous cases of regicide include Tsar Nicholas II of Russia, who was killed along with his family in the Bolshevik Revolution, Shaka, King of the Zulus, and Henri IV of France. Other monarchs have died in suspicious circumstances which might be considered regicide, such as kings who have been accidentally killed on hunting expeditions and in the heat of battle. Regicide is also a theme in some myths; King Arthur, for example, was the victim of attempted regicide in many Arthurian legends. Since monarchs historically ruled by divine right in many cultures, regicide was a serious crime, because it challenged God in addition to the monarchy. The intimate relationship between monarchs and gods was an important part of the tradition of many cultures, from China to England, ensuring that monarchs ruled with the blessing of God. Because of this, attempted regicides were often severely punished historically, to remind restless citizens that the monarch held the powers of life and death over his or her people. Ad JessicaLynn Post 4 @ceilingcat - Yes, divinely ordained rulers does seem like a pretty silly idea now. But then again, I'm an American, so I'm pretty attached to democracy.

When I was reading this article I was reminded of the book Game of Thrones and the television series that was based upon it. In the story, a King is killed "by accident" on a hunting expedition. Of course, it later turns out to not have been an accident at all, but it ends up being quite hard to prove. It seems the author of the book to a cue from actual history! ceilingcat Post 3 It was awfully convenient for those monarchs that they supposedly had a "divine right" to rule. Most people in this day and age can't imagine having that kind of attitude, but people really did. They thought they were born into whatever station of life they were supposed to be, and there was no hope of ever advancing. Anyway, I can't imagine how anyone who thought this way ever got up the courage to commit regicide! I mean, if you think your kind was divinely ordained to rule, then killing him would be pretty serious. I think someone would have to really have strong convictions about something to consider this crime! I'm pretty sure that's why the regicide's discussed here weren't crimes of passion, but politically motivated.

jholcomb Post 2 @MrsWinslow - I'm a British history buff, myself. It's interesting not just what happened with Charles I, but what happened a couple of kings later when they decided *not* to contemplate regicide. James II, the last Stuart king, was deeply unpopular because of his Catholicism. There was at least one attempt at a rebellion to put his brother's illegitimate son, the Duke of Monmouth, on the throne. (It didn't go well for the Duke!) Most people were prepared to wait him out - he was no spring chicken, after all - but then he married and had a son. Then, the lords of England saw Catholic kings stretching into infinity, and they acted. Essentially, James II was deposed and his adult, Protestant daughter Mary and her husband William took the throne in a negotiated settlement. People were so pleased that no blood had been shed, they called it "the Glorious Revolution." This was in the 1680s if I remember right. Decades later, his grandson returned from France and tried to take the throne. This time, plenty of blood was shed; he raised an army and was defeated in battle.

Seems like when you want to get rid of a king, there's always fallout someway or another. Sir Walter Scott's novel Waverly is actually about the uprising led by Bonnie Prince Charlie; a young man gets involved in it, but his treason is laughed off as a mere romantic youthful peccadillo!

Question: Regicide refers to killing a?
Answer: King