Free US Cities Stock Footage: Golden Gate Bridge- Stock footage for Free Home / US Cities/Locations / Free US Cities Stock Footage: Golden Gate Bridge Free US Cities Stock Footage: Golden Gate Bridge Administrator November 18, 2014 US Cities/Locations Comments Off on Free US Cities Stock Footage: Golden Gate Bridge 742 Views Free US Cities Stock Footage: Golden Gate Bridge Download a free US Cities stock footage clip of the Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco. This clip highlights the famous Golden Gate bridge that links San Francisco to Marin County over the Pacific Ocean. This free bridges video clip is shot from a well-known vantage point providing you with a postcard-like view of the bright red bridge. This video clip is available in high definition format.

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× Visiting the Golden Gate Bridge - Bay City Guide - San Francisco Visitors Guide, Tours, Maps, Events, Coupons Fog Rolling into the Gate Details The Golden Gate Bridge (Highway 101 North) provides a vital link for locals between San Francisco and Marin County and is possibly the prettiest morning commute in the world. For over 10 million visitors each year, walking on the bridge is the highlight of their trip to San Francisco. History Named after the Golden Gate Strait that it spans; the Golden Gate Bridge marks the entrance to the San Francisco Bay from the Pacific Ocean. Joseph B. Strauss was Chief Engineer on the bridge. At a cost of $35 million, the 1.2-mile bridge took more than four years to build. Eleven men lost their lives during construction (a memorial plaque at the southern entrance to the west sidewalk commemorates the men who were killed). A net suspended under the bridge during construction, from end to end, saved the lives of 19 men who became known as the "Half-Way-to-Hell Club".

Before its completion in 1937, the bridge was considered "unbuildable" because of foggy weather, high winds and strong ocean currents sweeping through a deep rugged canyon below. Often shrouded in thick fog, the bridge sways 27 feet to withstand winds of up to 100 miles per hour. Weather conditions have closed the bridge on only three occasions. Paint The color of the bridge, known as "International Orange", was chosen because it blends well with the bridge's natural surroundings and provides enhanced visibility to passing ships. The PMS code for International Orange is 173, the CMYK colors are Cyan = 0%, Magenta = 96%, Yellow = 100%, Black (K) = 6% It’s a popular misconception that the bridge is painted “end-to-end” each year. In 1965, due to advancing corrosion, a program to remove the original lead-based paint from the bridge began. The bridge requires routine maintenance on an ongoing basis by a staff of 28 painters and 13 ironworkers. Materials US-manufactured steel was used to build the bridge and shipped through the Panama Canal to San Francisco.

The two great cables contain enough strands of steel wire (80,000 miles) to encircle the equator three times. The concrete poured into its piers and anchorages would pave a five-foot wide sidewalk from New York to San Francisco. Toll / Visiting Pedestrians and bicyclists are allowed across the bridge on pathways with sweeping views of the City, Alcatraz and the Marin Headlands. The bridge toll for vehicles is $6 collected electronically at the toll plaza when entering San Francisco (no cash payment). Electronic options include FasTrack® and pay-by-plate (toll invoice). A toll invoice is mailed to the registered owner of the vehicle. Vantage points from the San Francisco side include the Toll Plaza and Visitors Center (before crossing the bridge) and Fort Point (under the bridge). The first exit on the Marin side of the bridge, Vista Point, provides outstanding views of the San Francisco skyline. The best way to see the bridge is to walk across it which takes about an hour round trip. When walking the bridge dress warmly whatever time of year. Did You Know?

Length & Height Total Length including Approaches: 1.7 miles, 8,981 ft, 2,737 m Length of Suspension Span including main span and side span: 1.22 miles, 6,450 ft, 1966 m Width of Bridge: 90 ft., 27 m Total Weight of Bridge, anchorages north and south approaches:887,000 tons / 804,700,000 kg Height of towers above water:746 ft, 227 m Height of towers above roadway: 500 ft, 152 m Cables & Rivets Diameter of cables over wrapping:36.375 in, .92 m Length of one cable: 7,650 ft, 2.332 m Total length of wire used: 80,000 mi, 129,000 km Number of wires in each cable: 61 Rivets in each tower: 600,000 Cost Original cost to build the bridge:$35 million; Cost to construct a new bridge in 201

3 dollars: $5.6 Billion Vehicle Crossings Number of vehicles that have crossed the bridge (from opening in 1937 through January 2014): 2,025,883,491 Source: Golden Gate Bridge, Highway and Transportation District, goldengatebridge.org $42GuideYou $8Save Golden Gate Bridge US Hwy.

101 N San Francisco, CA Bridge - MapQuest See a problem? Let us know! The Golden Gate Bridge is undoubtedly one of the first things that come to mind when people think of San Francisco . With its unique orange color and distinct towers, the Golden Gate Bridge is quite possibly the most famous bridge in the world, and draws more than 10 million visitors on an annual basis. On a clear day, the bridge offers breathtaking views of the San Francisco Bay and surrounding areas. If you are visiting the Bay Area for the first time, you absolutely must go see the bridge to soak in the experience. Parking and public transportation at the Golden Gate Bridge Unless you plan to just drive across and keep going, it's best to take public transportation to the bridge as parking is extremely limited, like most places in San Francisco. Golden Gate Transit, San Francisco Muni, and PresidiGo Shuttle all offer a variety of bus options to get to the bridge. Best and worst time to go to the Golden Gate Bridge Fog is a staple of San Francisco and the bridge, but it often burns off at midday, so it's best to go then if you want a clear view.

The fog is usually less prevalent in the months of May, June, September, and October. Admission to the Golden Gate Bridge Tolls are collected in only one direction, headed southbound into San Francisco. Tolls are calculated based on the number of axles on a vehicle. For example, standard vehicles with two axles (and motorcycles) pay $7. For three axles the price jumps to $21 and increases by $7 for every additional axle. Pedestrians and cyclists can cross the bridge for free. Pedestrians are only allowed on the east sidewalk (the side facing San Francisco). Must see/do at the Golden Gate Bridge The Bridge Pavilion, open daily from 9 a.m. 6 p.m., welcomes visitors to the bridge and has information services, exhibits, and a variety of merchandise. The Bridge Café, also open from 9 .a.m. to 6 p.m., features local food and beverages. If you want to tour the bridge, San Francisco City Guides offers free walking tours of the bridge on Thursdays and Sundays. There are also a number of outdoor exhibits located just outside of the pavilion.

Other places to visit near the Golden Gate Bridge If you don't want to venture too far, the historical Fort Point military fortification is located at the southern side of the Golden Gate and is sure to enhance your bridge experience. Alamo Square , home to the famous "Painted Ladies" Victorian houses, is a short drive away from the bridge, and Alamo Square Park has a fantastic view of downtown San Francisco. Feel like stimulating your brain? The California Academy of Sciences in Golden Gate Park , which has many fun things to do in its own right, hosts an array of fascinating exhibits and activities for the whole family. Insider tip for visitors to the Golden Gate Bridge It might be confusing to get to the bridge and see there's no toll takers, but that's because tolls are collected electronically on the Golden Gate Bridge. There are a variety of options to pay, but some of them require a registered account, which may not be ideal for tourists and infrequent visitors. Most people who cross the bridge simply wait for a toll invoice to be mailed to the owner of the vehicle, which is usually sent out four days after crossing the bridge. Please visit the FAQ on the Golden Gate bridge website for more details on paying tolls.

Author's bio: Dennis Biles is a freelance journalist who was born and raised in the Bay Area. Golden Gate Bridge | Red and White Fleet Cruises California Twilight Cruise® Cruise along the illuminated skyline of San Francisco with its modern skyscrapers and historic landmarks, past the infamous island of Alcatraz, under the impressive San Francisco Bay Bridge and the legendary Golden Gate, while sharing drinks with friends and family. Many of San Francisco’s famous structures and landmarks have special holiday lights from November to January making the views even more spectacular. Some sights on our twilight cruises include the San Francisco Ferry Building, Coit Tower, Treasure & Yerba Buena Islands, and AT&T Park. You’ll instantly understand why so many people throughout the years have made San Francisco their home. If you’re visiting from out of town, you may just want to stay an extra night or two for added opportunities to sightsee! Advance bookings are highly recommended. This cruise operates from November 6th through March 26th. If booking after March, please purchase tickets on our California Sunset Cruise. See the entire San Francisco skyline from the water while sailing under both the Golden Gate Bridge and the Bay Bridge.

30 Minutes longer than our Golden Gate Bay Cruise, on our Bridge 2 Bridge Cruise you will: Sail under the Golden Gate Bridge Have prime views of Alcatraz Island Cruise past the Ferry Building Sail under the Bay Bridge Spot At&T Park (home of the San Francisco Giants) Our award winning audio tour (offered in 16 languages) will tell you about the city’s rich cultural history as you cruise past the area’s most famous landmarks. 1 – 4 Daily Departures. Length of the cruise: 90 minutes Fourth of July Fireworks Cruise Departing from Pier 43 ½, join the Red and White Fleet for a brief sail along San Francisco’s illuminated skyline in the early evening. With views of Alcatraz and the Golden Gate in the distance, our vessel will be positioned near the location of the fireworks to ensure great views for all guests aboard. While onboard, drinks and snacks can be purchased from the bar. This tour typically last for about 2 1/2 hours and returns to Pier 43 1/2 once the fireworks have finished. Both the 7:45pm and 8:15pm departures offer the same experience. Advance bookings are highly recommended.

THIS CRUISE WILL SELL OUT! Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco, California Explore the Detailed Map of San Francisco and California Map The Golden Gate Bridge has been listed as one of the Seven Wonders of the Modern World for its feat of engineering. Many doubted that the strong winds, thick fog, and rough waters would allow for its construction, calling it the bridge that couldn’t be built. Connecting San Francisco to Marin County, the bridge extends about 1.7 miles (2.7 kilometers). It spans the Golden Gate Strait, which was named by explorer and Army Captain John C. Fremont because it reminded him of the Golden Horn, a harbor in Istanbul. Significance of the Golden Gate Bridge The bridge was not named for its color, nor was it ever meant to be gold, despite common misconception. I can’t count how many times I heard people wonder wryly “Why is it called the Golden Gate Bridge if it’s not even gold?” It’s more of a vermilion (red-orange). And despite the oft-repeated factoid that the bridge is painted end to end annually, the official website explains that it’s not; the paint is touched up regularly, as needed.

The color, International Orange, was chosen in part for its visibility for ships when the fog blankets the bay – it can be seen from various places around the city like the trails at Lands End or around the corner from Lombard’s winding block. If the Navy had it their way, the bridge would have been painted with yellow and black stripes for optimal visibility. That sounds hideous, so let’s say thanks that it didn’t happen that way. The other reasons for the color choice were that the paint protects the steel from corrosion and rust caused by the salty ocean air (though the paint base has switched from lead to zinc to protect it), and its warm color contrasts the sky and the sea. Joseph Strauss in front of the Golden Gate Bridge The credit for the Golden Gate Bridge design usually goes to Joseph Strauss, who has been immortalized in a statue at the base of the bridge, but a team of designers, engineers, and architects contributed much of the design. The team included Leon Moisseiff Charles Alton Ellis, and Irving Morrow, who was responsible for the Art Deco style and the bridge’s color. Structure of the bridge Construction of the bridge began in 1933 after years of delay, costing $35 million and eleven lives.

The bridge opened about 4.5 years later on May 27, 1937 (and to vehicle traffic on May 28). It was the longest suspension bridge in the world from when it opened until 1964. Today, well over 2 billion vehicles have crossed the bridge over its history (2,025,883,491 as of January 2014). The Golden Gate Bridge is located at the convergence of Highways 101 and 1. It’s unusual in that its six lanes can reverse directions to accommodate the flow of traffic during rush hour. The Golden Gate was the first bridge in the world to begin charging tolls only for one direction of traffic, though many other bridges now follow that method, including all bridges around the Bay Area (all tolls are charged on trips toward San Francisco). As of March 2013, there is no stopping to pay tolls on the Golden Gate Bridge, as it has moved to an all electric system (That’s worth repeating: Do not stop at the toll plaza).

Drivers can pay the tolls via FasTrak by buying the transponder at one of the designated retailers, setting up an online account, and mounting the tag in the windshield. This is the only method that allows discounted carpool rate of $4, with three or more passengers and crossing through the toll readers in the designated carpool lane during rush hour. Other options include prepaying for the trip via a License Plate account online or simply driving through and waiting for a toll invoice to be mailed to the vehicle’s registration address. License Plate accounts and toll invoices both charge $7 per trip, while FasTrak costs $6 (prices listed are for vehicles with two axles). Rental car companies usually offer an option for toll payment program, but it’s wise to check with them before making a rental reservation and before crossing any of the bridges. Drive across the Golden Gate in your convertible to complete your reenactment of the Full House intro, blasting the theme song (or singing it if you didn’t come prepared – I know you know how it goes). That’s also a great way (for passengers) to get photos and videos from a different perspective.

In addition to driving across the bridge, a pedestrian walkway traverses the eastern edge of the bridge. Bike paths are located on either side – though cyclists on the eastern side were sometimes told that they could not ride their bikes there, despite the bicycle symbol painted on the sidewalk. Bike rentals are available from the Sports Basement not far from the bridge in the Presidio. Approaching the bridge from the San Francisco side, there are a few lots along the Presidio where visitors can pay to park before walking out onto the bridge. Stop by the visitor’s center and gift shop at the new Bridge Pavilion, learn a bit about the bridge’s history and construction with their new interactive exhibits that demonstrate how the suspension cables work, grab some coffee to keep you warm from the Bridge Cafe (and maybe a snack for some energy for the walk ahead), and stop by the restrooms. Bring a jacket (and maybe a scarf) no matter how warm it might be in the rest of the city, or even the parking lot. Out over the water, the winds pick up and temperatures drop.

While clear days offer great conditions for photos, the bridge is ethereal when wrapped in fog, which often creeps along its base around sunset and burns off in the late morning. Facts and history aside, it really is a beautiful bridge (although those facts and history make it all the more impressive). Despite the countless photos and articles depicting the Golden Gate Bridge, it’s impossible to capture the way it makes you feel to stand in veneration at its base. It’s imposing, even sublime. On the bridge, it’s noisy and shaky, swaying slightly in the wind and rumbling with the traffic whizzing past, just feet away from pedestrians; it’s alive with frenetic activity. Walking across, you can stop to watch the ships pass beneath, the helicopters circling above, the windsurfers and kite surfers maneuvering across the water. The first time I remember walking across the bridge it was part of a poignant graduation ceremony for the Girl Scouts in elementary school. They called it Bridging, using the symbolism of walking across the bridge to represent crossing from one stage of life to the next.

Crisis Counseling hotlines on the bridge Signs and call boxes for a suicide crisis hotline offer messages of hope that things will get better, and serve as somber reminders of the dark side of the bridge that’s sometimes mentioned in the news, but that no one likes to talk about. The bridge holds a certain morbid allure for many depressed and distraught individuals who have leapt the 220 feet to their deaths in the frigid waters of the Bay. It could be because of the bridge’s status as a world famous bridge or its symbolism. The number of suicides from the Golden Gate Bridge is confirmed to be over 1,000, making it at least the second most common place for suicides in the world. The phenomenon, including stories from survivors, has been discussed in articles, books, and documentaries, which I never could bring myself to watch, but that evoke feelings of fear and sadness in me when I see the signs. Though for years, police, bridge workers, and bystanders have worked to talk people down and stop them from jumping, the power of the bridge continues to draw people looking to end their lives. A barrier net has finally been approved for installation along the bridge.

The magnitude of the Golden Gate Bridge is clear, palpable from every angle. It feels more authentic than other attractions in San Francisco – it’s not commercialized and you’re not assaulted everywhere you look with salesmen hawking overpriced trinkets. It wasn’t painted this color in an attempt to draw visitors from around the world, but for practical reasons. It’s functional art. Some, like those who use the bridge as part of their daily commute, may say “It’s just a bridge!” And maybe it is. But it’s the Golden Gate Bridge and it’s a symbol of the city’s history of greatness, achieving the impossible, Westward Expansion, and a reminder of the early immigrants who entered the country through its gates. A tour bus crosses the Golden Gate Bridge It may not be the oldest, longest, tallest or any other factual superlative – but it might be the greatest bridge in the world. So walk it, jog it, bike it, drive it, photograph it from every vista point you can find, and bask in the presence of one of the most famous bridges in the world.

Golden Gate Bridge | bridge, San Francisco, California, United States | Britannica.com Golden Gate Bridge bridge, San Francisco, California, United States Written By: Empire State Building Golden Gate Bridge, suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate , in California , U.S. It links San Francisco with Marin county to the north. From its completion in 1937 to the completion of the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge in New York City in 1964, it had the longest main span in the world, and it remains incomparable in the magnificence of its setting. Its construction, under the supervision of Joseph B. Strauss , involved many difficulties: rapidly running tides, frequent storms and fogs (during one of which a cargo vessel collided with the access trestle, causing serious damage), and the problem of blasting rock under deep water to plant earthquake-proof foundations. The main span, 4,200 feet (1,280 metres) long, is suspended from two cables hung from towers 746 feet (227 metres) high; at midpoint the roadway is 265 feet (81 metres) above mean high water. Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco.

George Hall/Woodfin Camp and Associates The Golden Gate Bridge at night, San Francisco. Robert Glusic/Getty Images Fog enveloping the Golden Gate Bridge, which spans the entrance to San Francisco Bay in northern … © MedioImages/Getty Images Heliostats on the towers of the Golden Gate Bridge aiming sunbeams at the campus of the University … Displayed by permission of The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. (A Britannica Publishing Partner) Learn More in these related articles: suspension bridge bridge with overhead cables supporting its roadway. One of the oldest of engineering forms, suspension bridges were constructed by primitive peoples using vines for cables and mounting the roadway directly on the cables. A much stronger type was introduced in India about the 4th century ad that... San Francisco (California, United States) city and port, coextensive with San Francisco county, northern California, U.S., located on a peninsula between the Pacific Ocean and San Francisco Bay. It is a cultural and financial centre of the western United States and one of the country’s most cosmopolitan cities. Area 46 square miles... Verrazano-Narrows Bridge suspension bridge spanning New York Harbor from Brooklyn to Staten Island, built by Othmar H.

Ammann from 1959 to 1964. Its 4,260-foot (1,298-metre) main span was, until the completion of the Humber Bridge in 1981, the longest in the world. The double-decked, six-lane-wide roadway, 228 ft above... More about Golden Gate Bridge 5 References found in Britannica Articles Assorted References role of Ammann (in Othmar Herman Ammann ) feature of San Francisco Bay area (in San Francisco Bay ) External Links Golden Gate Bridge - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11) The Golden Gate Bridge is a famous landmark in northern California. The bridge links the city of San Francisco to its northern neighbor, Marin county. It spans the Golden Gate, which is the strait (narrow body of water) between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. Despite its name, the bridge is painted a reddish orange, not gold. The bright color, called "international orange," often can be seen through the fog that forms over the bay.

Golden Gate Bridge - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up) A famous landmark of northern California, the Golden Gate Bridge links the city of San Francisco to its northern neighbor, Marin county. The bridge spans the Golden Gate, which is the strait between San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean. Despite its name, the Golden Gate Bridge is painted a reddish orange, not gold. The bright color, called "international orange," often can be seen through the fog that forms over the bay. The bridge is renowned for the magnificence of its setting. Article History Corrections? Updates? Help us improve this article! Contact our editors with your feedback. MEDIA FOR: You have successfully emailed this. Error when sending the email. Try again later. Edit Mode Bridge, San Francisco, California, United States Tips for Editing Submit Tips For Editing We welcome suggested improvements to any of our articles. You can make it easier for us to review and, hopefully, publish your contribution by keeping a few points in mind. Encyclopædia Britannica articles are written in a neutral objective tone for a general audience. You may find it helpful to search within the site to see how similar or related subjects are covered.

Any text you add should be original, not copied from other sources. At the bottom of the article, feel free to list any sources that support your changes, so that we can fully understand their context. (Internet URLs are the best.) Your contribution may be further edited by our staff, and its publication is subject to our final approval. Unfortunately, our editorial approach may not be able to accommodate all contributions. Submit Thank You for Your Contribution! Our editors will review what you've submitted, and if it meets our criteria, we'll add it to the article. Please note that our editors may make some formatting changes or correct spelling or grammatical errors, and may also contact you if any clarifications are needed. Uh Oh There was a problem with your submission. Please try again later. Close Article Title: Golden Gate Bridge Website Name: Encyclopædia Britannica Date Published: August 25, 2015 URL: Access Date: January 18, 2017 Share Golden Gate Bridge, San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge 5 667 votes The Golden Gate Bridge is a technical masterpiece that can only be described in superlative terms.

When the bridge was completed in 1937 it was the world's longest and tallest suspension bridge. Golden Gate Bridge But above all this masterly example of engineering is a magnificent monument set against a beautiful backdrop. Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge started in 1933. The bridge, which was designed by engineer Joseph Strauss was built to connect San Francisco with Marin County across the 1600 meter (+5000ft) wide strait known as the Golden Gate which links the San Francisco Bay with the Pacific Ocean. Building the bridge The construction of what was to become the world's largest suspension bridge was a colossal task. At the time many people did not believe it was technically possible to span the Golden Gate. View from Marina district But despite the disbelief, opposition and the Great Depression, Joseph Strauss was able to find sufficient support and financial backing to go ahead with the project. It would take thousands of workers, four years and 35 million dollars to complete the structure. On May 27, 1937 the Golden Gate Bridge was inaugurated by 18.000 people who walked across the bridge. The next day the bridge officially opened to motorized traffic.

Today more than 120,000 cars cross the bridge each day. Facts and figures The dimensions of the bridge defied all imagination. The total length of the bridge is 8,981ft or 2,737 m. The main span between the two enormous towers is 4,200 ft or 1,280 meters long, making the Golden Gate Bridge the world's largest suspension bridge, View from Baker Beach a record that would stand until 1964 when the Verrazano-Narrows bridge in New York was completed. The two beautiful Art Deco towers are almost 820ft or 250 meters tall, of which more than 20 meters is below the sea level. The road, six lanes and 90 ft / 27m wide is an amazing 220 ft or 67 meters above the water level. It is supported by enormous cables, anchored in hundreds of bars locked into concrete blocks with a pulling power of 25 million kg. The two cables have a total length of 2,332 meters and a diameter of 90 centimeters.

They are woven from 27,572 threads of steel with a total length that equals three times the earth's circumference. A world famous landmark View from Lincoln Park Soon after its completion the Golden Gate Bridge already enjoyed worldwide fame, not only because the bridge was breaking records, but also thanks to the elegant Art Deco design of the two huge towers and the magnificent surroundings near the Pacific Ocean. The eye catching orange-red color of the bridge also helped its popularity. The color was suggested by engineer Irving Morrow, who thought the traditional gray color was too boring. The Golden Gate Bridge has now long lost its record of the longest bridge, but it is still one of the world's most famous structures. Crossing the bridge Even though there is a sidewalk on the Golden Gate Bridge, it's quite a challenge to cross the bridge. Not only is it almost 3km long, but it is a breathtaking 67 meter (220ft) above sea level. In extreme circumstances the bridge can sway almost 28ft (8 meter). This makes the bridge less sensible to external forces such as strong winds and earthquakes but it can make the crossing rather unpleasant. The views however are amazing.

An alternative to Bridge Tower crossing the bridge on foot is driving by car - but don't forget you'll have to pay toll - or you can take one of the busses that connect San Francisco with Marin County. There is a bus stop right at the start of the bridge. Getting to the bridge The Golden Gate Bridge is located at the Presidio Park and can easily be reached by bus or car. The most pleasant way to reach the bridge however is by walking either from the Marina District to the east or from Baker Beach to the west of the bridge. Both routes will lead you through a park, and especially the route along the east is very popular. The best views The Golden Gate Bridge is a spectacular sight which can be seen from many areas around San Francisco. Here are some locations from where you have great views on the bridge: South Vista Point. This is the most popular site, situated at the San Francisco end of the bridge. North Vista Point, located at the Marin County side of the bridge. Land's End. Panoramic View from the northern tip of Lincoln Park Baker Beach at the Presidio Park. Conzelman Road. At the Marin County side; great view from an inlet near the bridge.

The Golden Gate is at its most enchanting in the morning when the bridge is often shrouded in mist. But the bridge is also alluring at night when the lighting makes it seem as if the spires of the towers dissolve in the darkness. The Golden Gate Bridge | Museum of the City Select Page The Golden Gate Bridge The Golden Gate Bridge, named after the strait between the San Francisco Bay and the Pacific Ocean, is a suspension bridge in the state of California that connects San Francisco to Marin County. The bridge is an international tourist destination that attracts millions of visitors annually and is one of the most recognizable symbols of the San Francisco Bay Area and the United States. It is widely considered an architectural marvel of the 20th century and here we will look into its history, from concept to construction. Concept Before the Golden Gate Bridge was built, the only way to travel the distance to the other side was by ferry. It is thought that this ferry existed as early as 1820 but the service did not become regular until the 1840s when the boats began to be used to supply San Francisco with water from the springs in neighboring Sausalito.

Michael O’Shaughnessy In 1872 a railroad entrepreneur by the name of Charles Crocker had called for a bridge to cross the Golden Gate but it wasn’t until 1916 when structural engineer and newspaper editor James H. Wilkins caught the attention of city engineer Michael M. O’Shaughnessy. By 1919 city officials had asked O’Shaughnessy to explore the idea further and he began to consult with various engineers in order to explore the estimated cost of construction. While many speculated that it would cost at least $100 million, Joseph B. Strauss came forward and claimed it could be built for much less at $25-30 million. Statue of Joseph Strauss Special District and Opposition O’Shaughnessy felt that all counties affected by the building of the bridge should be able have their opinions heard and, in order to do this, thought it would be necessary to form a special district of the state to look after designing, financing, and constructing. Eventually the district was signed into law and it would be known as Golden Gate Bridge and Highway District. The final say to build was the responsibility of the U.S.

Department of War as they were the rightful owners of the land on both sides of the strait. 1n 1924 the counties of Marin and San Francisco submitted an application for a permit to continue with the project. The main concerns were whether or not financing the bridge was plausible and if it would hinder naval navigation. After favorable testimony of the project, the Secretary of War issued a provisional permit. Design Original Bridge Design Strauss didn’t submit his original design, a cantilever-suspension hybrid bridge, until 1921. It would be another year and a half before this design was released to the public. Around this time Charles A. Ellis was hired as Vice President of the Strauss Engineering Corporation and was in charge of supervising design and construction duties. Upon review by other consultants appointed by Ellis, the bridge’s design was deemed practical as far as engineering went but the press reported it to be ugly. One of these consultants, Leon S. Moisseiff, came forward in 1925 with concerns over the original design and proposed a full suspension bridge instead. Eventually this would become the final concept but Strauss was still campaigning for his design until around 1929.

Ellis was fired in 1931 and did not receive credit for his major contributions to the final design. Cross Section of a main suspension cable span Financing Due to lack of federal and state funds during the Great Depression, the Golden Gate Bridge had to be financed entirely from bond measures. A bond of $35 million was issued in 1930 with voters deciding to put up their homes, land, and businesses as collateral. This would cover the entirety of the construction costs and all bonds were paid off by 1971, all from the money raised from bridge tolls. Construction and Worker Safety The bridges construction spanned from 1933-1937, finishing ahead of schedule. The final color of the bridge, known as International Orange, wasn’t decided until construction had begun. The original choice of black or gray was trashed for the brighter orange color after the steel for the bridge arrived from Pennsylvania with a protective coat of red primer. It was more favorable because it better complimented the bridges surroundings and would be more visible under bad weather conditions. At the time it was estimated for any bridge project that there would be one death per every $1 million spent.

Strauss was keen on safety and innovated the use of hard hats by all workers, safety belts and a $130,000 net to save workers from the deadly fall into the water while building the roadway. This net was very effective until 10 men were killed after the net failed to hold after a scaffold had fallen onto it. On the other hand, 19 men were saved by the net thus becoming members of the self-proclaimed halfway to hell club. References Golden Gate Bridge and Sausalito Bus Tour - Hop On Hop Off Entertaining and professional tour guides narrating every tour. Hop On and Hop Off at Palace of Fine Arts, Golden Gate Bridge and Sausalito. Regular departures - Hop Off and walk the Golden Gate Bridge Spend a few hours in Sausalito with its San Francisco Bay views, restaurants and shopping Great value choice - perfect to use for a half day, or over 24 hours. Golden Gate + Sausalito Tour Description: Hopping on this tour will take you across the 1.7 mile span of the famous "Steel Harp" Golden Gate Bridge.

Not only will you have great photo opportunities of the San Francisco Bay and skyline from the open top bus while cruising across the bridge, you will have a chance to hop off and walk across the bridge. We stop at the North and South point of the Golden Gate Bridge to let you hop off and get up close and personal with San Franciscos' greatest landmark. A friendly and knowledgeable tour guide will astonish you with all the things you will learn about the Golden Gate Bridge. They will share with you the incredible history of the Golden Gate Bridge: Its conception, creation and its place as one of the most recognized landmarks in the world. More recently having been declared one of the Wonders of the Modern World, having been the worlds longest suspension bridge from its completion in 1937 until 1964 being replaced by New Yorks Verrazano Bridge. Golden Gate + Sausalito Tour Stop Highlights: Sausalito - One of the highlights of the San Francisco Bay area. This tour includes a stop there for you to enjoy its galleries, shopping, bay views and its many restaurants. You are able to stop here for just a few minutes, or spend a few hours and catch a later bus back to San Francisco.

The Golden Gate Bridge – A trip across this famous landmark includes stops on both sides and plenty of photo opportunities. The Presidio - Formerly a military post, the Presidio is a national park and recreational paradise featuring spectacular vistas, meandering trails, and historic and architectural treasures. Come for a hike, a walking tour, a picnic, to view an exhibit. Ghirardelli Square - Over 40 shops and restaurants, including the Ghirardelli Soda Fountain & Chocolate Shop, world famous for its ice cream sundaes. Palace of Fine Arts - The palace, built for the World Fair has been a favorite wedding location for couples throughout the San Francisco Bay area. Also a popular location for many festival celebrations, orchestras and events.

Question: The Golden Gate bridge is in which US city?
Answer: San Francisco