The Turkish flag - All About Turkey Home > Tourist Info > The Turkish flag The Turkish flag The fundamentals of the Turkish Flag were laid down by Turkish Flag Law No. 2994 of May 29, 1936. Turkish Flag Regulation No. 2/7175 dated July 28, 1937, and Supplementary Regulation No. 11604/2 dated July 29, 1939, were enacted to describe how the flag law would be implemented. The Turkish Flag Law No. 2893 dated September 22, 1983, and Published in the Official Gazette on September 24, 1983, was promulgated six months after its publication. According to Article 9 of Law No. 2893, a statute including the fundamentals of the implementation was also published.

The measurements of the Turkish Flag : G = Width A = Distance between the centre of the outer crescent and the seam of the white band 1/2 G B = Diameter of the outer circle of the crescent 1/2 G C = Distance between the centers of the inner and outer circles of the crescent 0.0625 G D = Diameter of the inner circle of the crescent 0.4 G E = Distance between the inner circle of the crescent and the circle around the star 1/3 G F = Diameter of the circle around the star 1/4 G L = Length 1 � G M = Width of the seam band 1/30 G Color Red: Pantone 186 c / CMYK (%) C 0 - M9 0 - Y 80 - K 5 Current law on the Turkish flag Law #2893, adopted September 22, 1983, published in the Official Gazette September 24, 1983 No 18171, Series 5 Volume 22, p.

599 Purpose Article 1 - The purpose of this Law is to identify the principles and procedures about shape, construction and protection of the Turkish flag. Shape and Construction of the Flag Article 2 - The Turkish flag shall be a red flag with a white moon - star which is in the shape and proportions shown in the attached table. The standards, the fabric and material of the making of the flag and special flags (symbolic flags, special signs, pennant, ship's pennant and official flag) are shown in the charter. Hoisting and Lowering the Flag Article 3 - Flag shall be hoisted on public associations and foundations and their abroad representatives, sea vehicles of public foundations, real and judicial persons. It shall be hoisted on vehicles of the authorities in and out of the country. Hoisting and lowering of the flag shall be done with ceremony. Making of the ceremony in appropriate way shall be under the responsibility of the authorized chief in that place. The Turkish flag shall be hoisted on national holidays and general holidays , starting from holiday start and ending in the sunset of the end of the holiday. (A recent modification of the law changed this rule. The flag shall now be hoisted on the official buildings all the time.).

Permanent hoisting of the flag, the closed places in which the flag shall be placed, the places where the flag shall be used as background, the way of hoisting the flag in private places, the schedules and subjects about hoisting of the flag on the vessels of the Turkish Armed Forces and Turkish merchant ships are shown in the charter. Flying the flag at half staff Article 4 - The Turkish flag shall be flown at half staff as a sign of mourning on November10. (Note: November 10 is the anniversary of the death of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in 1938, the founder of the modern Republic of Turkey ). The other instances and time of flying the flag at half staff shall be announced by the Prime Minister . Saluting the flag Article 5 - The flag shall be saluted when hanging and lowering or during transfer of power ceremony. Places that can be covered with flag Article 6 - The coffins of former Presidents, martyrs and other civilians or soldiers who are identified in the charter; the statues of Atatürk in opening ceremonies and the desks in official oath ceremonies can be covered with the Turkish flag. In addition, the ways and places of usage of the flag according to national customs and traditions are shown in the charter.

Prohibitions Article 7 - The Turkish flag shall not be used as torn, unraveled, patched, with holes in it, dirty, faded, wrinkled or in a situation that will bruise its spiritual value. Except for official oath ceremonies it shall not be used on desks and podiums as a cover for any purpose. It shall not be put on places where people sit or stand. The shape of the flag shall not be made to these places and similar things. It shall not be worn as a dress or uniform. Any political party , organization, society, club, association or foundation other than the public associations and those foundations that are determined in the charter shall not use the flag on their emblems, pennants, symbols or similar things that will form base or background on either side. The Turkish Flag shall not be insulted or shown disrespect by speech, writing, action or any other means. The flag shall not be torn, burned, thrown or used without care. Any action that is against this law and the charter shall be prevented and relevant investigation shall be performed. Sanctions Article 8 - Making, selling and using flags that is against this law and the charter is forbidden.

The flags that are done against this prohibition shall be collected by the local authority. People who behave against the rules of this law shall be penalized according to Article 526 of Turkish Penal Code if their crime does not require a heavier punishment. Charter Article 9 - The matters that are said to be prescribed in the charter and other principles concerning the application of the present law shall be shown in the charter that will be prepared within six months after publication of the present law. Abrogated Law Article 10 - The Law on Turkish Flag dated May 29,1936 (#2994) shall be abrogated. Validity Article 11 - This article shall become valid after six months of its publication. Enforcement Article 12 - The articles of the present law shall be enforced by the Council of Ministers. Meaning of the flag It's very difficult to explain the real meaning of a flag; there are legends, actual stories, and outright misinformation about the reason of certain colors or designs were put on national flags. Also individuals may have their own interpretation of their own national flag. Religious symbolism can also be expressed via color, such as the crescent moon which is a traditional Islamic symbol.

Historical facts: Red has been prominent in Turkish flags for 700 years. The star and crescent are Muslim symbols, but also have a long pre-Islamic past in Asia Minor. The basic form of the national flag was apparently established in 1793 under Ottoman Sultan Selim III, when the green flags used by the navy were changed to red and a white crescent and multi-pointed star were added. The five-pointed star dates from approximately 1844. Except for the issuance of design specifications, no change was made when the Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey and the Caliphate (religious authority) was terminated by Ataturk . Many traditions explain the star and crescent symbol. It is known that Diana ( Artemis ) was the patron goddess of Byzantium and that her symbol was a moon. In 330, the Emperor Constantine rededicated the city - which he called Constantinople (today's Istanbul ) - to the Virgin Mary , whose star symbol was superimposed over the crescent. In 1453 Constantinople ( Istanbul ) was captured by the Ottoman Turks and renamed Istanbul , but its new rulers may have adopted the existing emblem for their own use.

Legends: A reflection of the moon occulting a star, appearing in pools of blood after the battle of Kosovo in 1448, the battle during which the Ottomans defeated the Christian forces and established the Ottoman Empire in Eastern Europe until the end of the 19th century, led to the adoption of the Turkish flag by Sultan Murad II according to one legend. Others refer to a dream of the first Ottoman Sultan in which a crescent and star appeared from his chest and expanded, presaging the dynasty's seizure of Constantinople ( Istanbul ). There are also other legends explaining the flag. All About Turkey © Burak Sansal 1996–2016, a certified professional tour guide in Turkey. Contact Burak at info@allaboutturkey.com for all kinds of regular and/or private travel services throughout the country. Turkey Flag, Turkish Flag The Turkish Flag comprises of a red background on which there is the motif of the crescent moon and a star. The star in the flag of Turkey is said to represent the Morning Star as mentioned in the Holy Koran. The white crescent and the star are symbols of Islam. This motif is placed slightly on the left side of the red background in the Turkey Flag .

Official Name: Turkiye Cumhuriyeti Capital: Ankara Location: Includes the south eastern part of the Balkan peninsula and asia Minor. The Sea of Marmara and the Straits of Bosporus and Dardanellers. Area: 780, 580 sq. km. Official Languages: Turkish National Flag: A white crescent and star on red. National Anthem: Istiklal Marsi March of Independence (1921) Fact about Turkey flag Turkey Flag - World Flags 101 - Turkeyan Flags Proportions: 2:3 Turkish Flag Description: The flag of Turkey consists of a red base with a white crescent moon and a five-point star towards the left side of the flag. Advertiser Links [ what's this? ] Turkish Flag Meaning: Red is a traditional Islamic color and was the color used by the Ottoman Empire, who formerly ruled Turkey, but the empire collapsed in 1918. The crescent and star are ancient symbols of Islam and are considered to be signs of good luck. The color red is a prominent color in Turkish history and even though the crescent and star are symbols of Islam they have been used in Asia Minor even before the advent of Islam.

Turkish Flag History: The Turkish flag has been in use since 1844 but wasn't officially adopted until June 5, 1936. Originally the flag was a crescent on a green base, but this was changed in 1793 when Sultan Selim III changed the background to red. The star was then added in 1844. Like most of the older flags in the world, there are many legends that describe the history and creation of the Turkish flag and the facts are sometimes hard to substantiate. Interesting Turkish Flag Facts: The Flag of Turkey is called 'Ay Yildiz' in Turkish which means 'moon star' in English. Another nickname for the Turkish flag is 'al sancak', which translates roughly into 'red banner'. World FlagsAlphabetical list of all world flags. T 64 countries have religious symbols on their national flags | Pew Research Center 64 countries have religious symbols on their national flags By Angelina E. Theodorou A third of the world’s 196 countries currently have national flags that include religious symbols, according to a new Pew Research analysis.

Of the 64 countries in this category, about half have Christian symbols (48%) and about a third include Islamic religious symbols (33%), with imagery on flags from the world’s two largest religious groups appearing across several regions. Christian symbols are found on 31 national flags from Europe, Asia and the Pacific and the Americas. The United Kingdom’s “Union Jack,” for example, includes the crosses of St. George, St. Patrick and St. Andrew. Some Commonwealth countries continue to incorporate the Union Jack as a part of their own flags, including Fiji, Tuvalu, Australia and New Zealand. Spain, Greece, Norway and the Dominican Republic are among the other countries with Christian national symbols. Islamic symbols are found on the flags of 21 countries in sub-Saharan Africa, the Asia-Pacific region and the Middle East and North Africa. In Bahrain, the national flag features five white triangles, symbolizing the Five Pillars of Islam . Algeria, Turkey, Brunei and Uzbekistan are some of the many countries that include an Islamic star and crescent on their national flag. Although Singapore has a crescent and stars on its flag, they do not have religious significance.

The crescent moon “represents a young nation on the ascendant, and the five stars depict Singapore’s ideals of democracy, peace, progress, justice and equality,” according to the Singapore government . Buddhist or Hindu religious symbols appear on five national flags; in three of those cases, the symbols apply to both religions. The Cambodian flag depicts Angkor Wat, a temple historically associated with both Hinduism and Buddhism, while in Nepal, the flag features both Buddhist and Hindu symbols to represent the two predominant religious groups in the country. And in India, the blue chakra at the center of the flag holds symbolic meaning for both Hindus and Buddhists. Israel is the lone country with Jewish symbols on its national flag , including the Star of David and a white and blue striped background representative of a traditional Jewish prayer shawl. Six countries have symbols associated with various other religions on their flags. The Japanese flag, for example, includes a hinomaru, or rising sun – representative of Shinto spiritual roots within the former Japanese empire. In Uruguay and Argentina, both national flags include shining golden suns believed to be representative of the Incan sun god Inti.

And the Aztec god Huitzilopochtli can be seen on the Mexican flag as an eagle perched atop a cactus with a snake in its beak – a legendary image that was believed to have appeared to the Aztec people, instructing them to build the ancient city of Tenochtitlan. Although the U.S. flag does not include any religious symbols, several states have religious imagery on their flags. For instance, the state flag of New Mexico includes a red sun with its rays extending outward, representing the spiritual history of the Zia Pueblo. Some U.S. states, including Alabama and Florida , continue to feature adaptations of the St. Andrew’s cross. Flags with stars - Wikimedia Commons Flags with stars Jump to: navigation , search English: This is a gallery of flags arranged with one or more stars as a feature of their design.

(For flags depicting actual stars in the sky, see gallery of astronomical flags .) Contents flag of the United States of America | Britannica.com Flag of the United States of America Written By: See Article History Alternative Titles: Old Glory, Star-Spangled Banner, Stars and Stripes national flag consisting of white stars (50 since July 4, 1960) on a blue canton with a field of 13 alternating stripes, 7 red and 6 white. The 50 stars stand for the 50 states of the union, and the 13 stripes stand for the original 13 states. The flag’s width-to-length ratio is 10 to 19. Related Topics Betsy Ross After the American Revolution began, the first unofficial national flag—known as the Continental Colours (or, incorrectly, as the Grand Union Flag or the Cambridge Flag)—was hoisted at Prospect Hill in Charlestown (now in Somerville, Mass.) on Jan. 1, 1776; it was raised, it appears, at the behest of Gen. George Washington , whose headquarters were nearby.

The flag had 13 horizontal stripes (probably of red and white or of red, white, and blue) and, in the canton, the first version of the British Union Flag ( Union Jack ). It was used at forts and on naval vessels. Another popular early flag, that of the Sons of Liberty , had the 13 stripes only. The various 18th-century “Don’t Tread on Me” flags had only local significance, but in the 20th century such designs were popularized by political protesters. The first official national flag, formally approved by the Continental Congress on June 14, 1777, was the Stars and Stripes. The blue canton was to contain 13 stars, but the layout of the stars was left undefined, and several patterns are known. The designer of the flag, Congressman Francis Hopkinson , may have had a ring of stars in mind to symbolize (in the words of the flag law) “a new constellation.” Today that pattern is popularly known as the “ Betsy Ross flag,” although the claims of her descendants that she made the first Stars and Stripes and that she used the ring pattern are unsubstantiated.

Rows of stars (4-5-4 or 3-2-3-2-3) were common, but other variations also existed. The new Stars and Stripes formed part of the military colours carried on Sept. 11, 1777, at the Battle of the Brandywine , perhaps its first such use. Similar Topics flag of the Confederate States of America The Stars and Stripes changed on May 1, 1795, when two more stars and two more stripes were added to reflect the admission to the union of Vermont (1791) and Kentucky (1792).

(One such flag was the 1,260-square-foot [117-square-metre] “Star-Spangled Banner,” made by Mary Pickersgill, that Francis Scott Key saw at Fort McHenry in September 1814, inspiring his patriotic poem .) In 1818, after five more states had been admitted, Congress enacted legislation pertaining to a new flag, requiring that henceforth the number of stripes should remain 13, the number of stars should always match the number of states, and any new star should be added on the July 4 following a state’s admission. This has been the system ever since. In all, from 1777 to 1960 (after the admission of Hawaii in 1959) there were 27 versions of the flag—25 involving changes in the stars only. An executive order of Oct. 29, 1912, standardized the proportions and relative sizes of the elements of the flag; in 1934 the exact shades of colour were standardized. There is no official assignment of meaning or symbolism to the colours of the flag.

However, Charles Thomson , secretary of the Continental Congress, in describing the proposed Great Seal, suggested the following symbolism: “White signifies purity and innocence, Red, hardiness & valour, and Blue…signifies vigilence, perseverence [sic] & justice.” As with many other national flags, the Stars and Stripes has long been a focus of patriotic sentiment . Millions of children have traditionally recited the Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag at the start of each school day, and the lyrics of the national anthem are also concerned with the flag. Some veterans’ groups have pressured legislators to adopt laws or a constitutional amendment prohibiting flag desecration, but such legislation has been opposed on the grounds that it would infringe on the constitutionally guaranteed freedom of expression. Britannica Stories Ringling Bros. Folds Its Tent During the American Civil War , the Confederate States of America began to use its first flag, the Stars and Bars, on March 5, 1861. Soon after, the first Confederate Battle Flag was also flown. The design of the Stars and Bars varied over the following two years. On May 1, 1863, the Confederacy adopted its first official national flag, often called the Stainless Banner.

A modification of that design was adopted on March 4, 1865, about a month before the end of the war. In the latter part of the 20th century, many groups in the South challenged the practice of flying the Confederate Battle Flag on public buildings, including some state capitols. Proponents of the tradition argued that the flag recalled Southern heritage and wartime sacrifice, whereas opponents saw it as a symbol of racism and slavery, inappropriate for official display. The “Southern Cross” version of the Confederate Battle Flag. The Stainless Banner, first official national flag of the Confederate States of America. Turkey This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website Turkey National flag of Turkey - Image by António Martins, 9 December 2007 Flag in use since 1844 and officially adopted 5 June 1936, coat of arms adopted in 1927. Proportions: 2:3. Description: Red flag with a white crescent and star. Use: on land as the national, civil and war flag, on sea as the national, civil and war ensign, and as the naval jack.

Colour approximate specifications (Album des Pavillons [pay00] ) : Red: Pantone 186 c / CMYK (%) 0-90-80-5 Risk of confusion with: Tunisia . On this page: Turkey: Index of all pages Meaning of the Turkish flag Meaning of flags is a difficult topic, especially when flags are very ancient. There is usually sparse historical evidence and a lot of legends. Moreover, individuals may have their own interpretation of their national flag. Concerning Turkey, the following interpretations are given in the authoritative books by W. Smith ( [smi75c] & [smi80] ): Historical facts. Red has been prominent in Turkish flags for 700 years. The star and crescent * are Muslim symbols, but also have a long pre-Islamic past in Asia Minor. The basic form of the national flag was apparently established in 1793 under Sultan Selim III, when the green flags used by the navy were changed to red and a white crescent and multipointed star were added. The five-pointed star dates from approximately 1844.

Except for the issuance of design specifications, no change was made when the Ottoman Empire became the Republic of Turkey and the Caliphate (religious authority) was terminated. Many traditions explain the star and crescent symbol. It is known that Diana was the patron goddess of Byzantium and that her symbol was a moon. In 330, the Emperor Constantine rededicated the city - which he called Constantinople - to the Virgin Mary, whose star symbol was superimposed over the crescent. In 1453 Constantinople was captured by the Ottoman Turks and renamed Istanbul , but its new rulers may have adopted the existing emblem for their own use. Legends. A reflection of the moon occulting a star, appearing in pools of blood after the battle of Kosovo in 1448 **, led to the adoption of the Turkish flag by Sultan Murad II according to one legend. Others refer to a dream of the first Ottoman Emperor in which a crescent and star appeared from his chest and expanded, presaging the dynasty's seizure of Constantinople. At least three other legends explain the flag.

Ivan Sache, 20 January 1999 * In the ancient times the crescent symbolised Artemis and the star was not a star but actually it was the sun, symbol of Apollo. You can find some Roman coins with this composition. Turhan Turgut, 6 June 2008 ** There was a "Second Kosovo War", which is as popular as the first one from the perspective of Ottoman history, and the year 1448 refers to this war. This war continued for only two days (17-19 October 1448) and it was in the time of Sultan Murat II, unlike the first war (which was during the rule of Sultan Murat I). The resources refer the second war as a bloody war, which supports the legend of the origin of Turkish flag. Onur Özgün, 2 April 2005 Nicknames of the flag Turkish people call their national flag ay yildiz (moon star). Resat Erel, 20 June 1999 Ayyildiz is also the name of a Turkish town at approx. 36.80 latitude, 37.73 longitude.

Don White, 2 August 2004 Another nickname for the flag is al sancak, which translates into "red banner". Besides, sancak has its unique meaning in Turkish and cannot be directly translated into English, but the nearest to that is the "banner". Cem Kenan Magripli, 28 January 2004 I think "red banner" is a good translation for al sancak. I think this nickname for the Turkish flag comes from the words of the Turkish national anthem Istiklal Marsi. The poet of national anthem, Mehmet Akif Ersoy, used this metaphor for the flag. Coming to the translation, sancak is defined as "banner", "flag" or "standard" in Turkish-English dictionaries that I have looked up. The Turkish definition of sancak is "flag carried by military unit, usually having writings, fringe and pole". Today, I think it corresponds to "banner", however its meaning when it was first used could be different and can mean any flag. The very same word was used in Ottoman times for an administrative unit (see also Sandžak in Serbia and Montenegro).

but is does not correspond to any administrative division in Turkey any more. Onur Özgün, 28 January 2004 As I understood, the administrative unit was named sancak after it being ruled by a ruler who had right and duty to maintain a military unit that carried his flag, that is a (territorial) sancak would provide one unit with a flag. Željko Heimer, 29 July 2004 Construction sheet for the Turkish flag Construction sheet for the flag of Turkey - Image by Željko Heimer, 2 March 1999 The construction sheet is given in a book on Turkish flags [kur92] . The book is in Turkish, 170 pages, with some 30 colour plates of historical and current flags and some black and white photos. It might be that the construction is taken from the flag Law which is quoted in full in the book. The above image is based on the construction sheet in the book, adapted slightly to make it better looking as a digital image. The base unit is the flag width and other dimensions are expressed through it.

The center of the circle forming the crescent is half flag width from the hoist, with diameter of the same (i.e. radius 1/4 as indicated on the image). The inner circle forming the crescent has a radius of 1/5 and is offset towards the fly 0.0625 (1/16) [the book actually give number 0.625 here, but that must be printing error as it would make no sense!]. The two circles intersect, forming the "indentation" of the crescent to be 1/3. The five-pointed star is inscribed in a circle with diameter 1/4, tangential to the line connecting the intersections of the two circles. The construction sheet also gives the width of the white heading on hoist (not shown on the image) as 1/30 of the flag width. Željko Heimer, 2 March 1999 In a book on Turkish flags [vht94] issued by the VDCN (March 1994) is the same construction sheet. In the accompanying table, the white heading on hoist is given as "Width of the seam band".

Mark Sensen, 8 March 1999 The very same construction sheet already appeared in the Flaggenbuch (1939-1941) [neu92] Ivan Sache, 1 October 1999 The protocol manual for the London 2012 Olympics (Flags and Anthems Manual London 2012 [loc12] ) provides recommendations for national flag designs. Each NOC was sent an image of the flag, including the PMS shades, for their approval by LOCOG. Once this was obtained, LOCOG produced a 60 x 90 cm version of the flag for further approval. So, while these specs may not be the official, government, version of each flag, they are certainly what the NOC believed the flag to be. For Turkey, PMS 186 red. The vertical flag is simply the horizontal version turned 90 degrees clockwise. Ian Sumner, 10 October 2012 The flag in the Turkish national anthem The Turkish national anthem, the Independence March (İstiklâl Marşı) was adopted on 12 March 1921.

Following a competition and the submission of 724 proposals, the Grand National Assembly unanimuously adopted the Independence March written by Mehmet Akif Ersoy (1863-1936). Until 1930, the anthem was performed with the music written by Ali Rşfat Çağatay in 1924. Since then, the anthem is performed with the music written by Osman Zeki Üngör, and only the two first stanzas (which mentions the flag), out of ten, are sung. Korkma, sönmez bu şafaklarda yüzen al sancak; Sönmeden yurdumun üstünde tüten en son ocak. O benim milletimin yıldızıdır parlayacak; O benimdir, o benim milletimindir ancak. Çatma, kurban olayım çehreni ey nazlı hilal! Kahraman ırkıma bir gül! ne bu şiddet bu celal? Sana olmaz dökülen kanlarımız sonra helal, Hakkıdır, Hakk'a tapan, milletimin istiklal! Never fear!

For the crimson flag that proudly waves in these dawns, shall never fade, Before the last fiery hearth that is ablaze within my nation burns out. For it is the star of my nation, and it will forever shine; It is mine; and solely belongs to my valiant nation. Frown not, I beseech you, oh thou coy crescent, But smile upon my heroic race! Why the anger, why the rage?* Our blood which we shed for you will not be worthy otherwise; For freedom is the absolute right of my God-worshipping nation *There is a literary element being employed here that may not be immediately noticeable. The Turkish flag is comprised of a white crescent and star superimposed on a crimson background. The poet is creating an imagery of a crescent and comparing it to the frowning eyebrows of a sulky face. To be specific, the flag (under threat from invading nations against whom victory seems initially impossibly difficult to achieve, hence "coy") is being treated as a coy maiden with a sulky face (resentment of the invasion) who is playing hard-to-get.

Ivan Sache, 27 September 2006 Vertical hoisting of the Turkish flag Vertical hoisting of the Turkish flag - Images by António Martins & Ivan Sache, 15 August 2010 Left, usual hoisting, Turkey; Right, unusual hoisting, Barcelona, 2010 Most images from Turkey, if not all, of the national flag hoisted vertically show the flag with the crescent and star rotated, that is, pointing down. This use, official or not, does not seem to have been known by the officials of the European Athletics Championships, held from 27 July to 1 August 2010 in Barcelona. During the medal ceremonies, the Turkish flag in use had the crescent and star not rotated, that is pointing to the fly of the flag. See for instance the TV footage of the medal ceremony for the womens' 110 m hurdles - flag raising starts at 2:20.

Ivan Sache, 15 August 2010 United States of America This page is part of © FOTW Flags Of The World website United States of America Patriotic Symbols In 1960, a star was added, representing Hawaii , bringing the total number of stars to 50. There are thirteen stripes representing the thirteen original colonies. According to President Dwight Eisenhower's Executive Order (#10834, published 25 August, 1959) the 50-Star flag would become the "official flag of the United States on July 4, 1960." Nick Artimovich, 21 February 1996 What Shade of Red/White/Blue The official specification for federal procurements of U.S. flags is set by the General Services Administration. At the Defense Technology Information Center website is GSA "Federal Specification, Flag, National, United States of America and Flag, Union Jack," DD-F-416F, dated March 31, 2005. It specifies the colors by reference to "Standard Color Cards of America" maintained by the Color Association of the United States, Inc.

This is a color system designed for textile use - appropriate, since flags are made of cloth! The specifications are: Cable No. 70180 Old Glory Red Cable No. 70001 White Cable No. 70075 Old Glory Blue Various sources give different Pantone equivalencies for these colors. The most plausibly authoritative are those provided on miscellaneous American Embassy websites, including American Embassy London. It gives the red as PMS 193 and the blue as PMS 282. On the other hand, Texas state law says the Texas state flag has the same colors as the U.S. flag, and that they are red PMS193 and blue PMS281. It should be noted that flags produced other than for the executive branch of the government are not bound by any of this. Joe McMillan, 25 September 2001 In the mid or late 1950s, (if I'm not mistaken), the US government intentionally "darkened" the shade of red used in American flags. Before this, the color of red used in US flags was sometimes referred to as "Chinese" red.

Well, with anti-communist sentiment being rather high at the time, it simply wouldn't do to have Chinese red stripes on the American flag and thus the change. To most folks who even pay attention it's a very subtle thing. Clay Moss, 31 January 2007 It's hard to know what the colors of actual old flags originally were, because there were no specifications in many cases and the examples we have will have faded. There was a change in the color specification at some point in the mid-20th century, at least with regard to the blue. It was changed from "national flag blue" to "Old Glory blue." There are still some official US flags that use "national flag blue"--the color of infantry regiments, I think, and the flag of the Secretary of State. "Old Glory blue" is just a little darker. But within the standard palette used on FOTW, both of them would be B+++ (RGB 0:0:102); there's not enough of a difference between them to justify using a lighter shade for NF blue.

Don't recall what the former shade of red was called (Clay says Chinese red, but I think that's more of a characterization than an official name), but I would guess that the present "Old Glory red" came into use at the same time as "Old Glory blue." Joe McMillan, 31 January 2007 US Ensign The ensign of the United States is the same as the national flag - the Stars and Stripes. As far as I have ever been able to determine, there are no laws, regulations, orders, etc., regulating the methods of displaying the ensign on US merchant ships, other than those prescribed by the same Flag Code that pertain on land--which has the standing of a recommended code of best practices without any penal provisions. Merchant vessels' display of the US flag is governed largely by custom, not by regulation or law. Joe McMillan, 3 July 2005 Burundi Flag, Flag of Burundi Quiz on national flags Burundi Flag The national flag of the Republic of Burundi was adopted on March 28, 1967. The Flag is crafted with a white 'X' sized cross that separates the flag into four segments.

Flag of Burundi Disclaimer Close Disclaimer : All efforts have been made to make this image accurate. However Compare Infobase Limited, its directors and employees do not own any responsibility for the correctness or authenticity of the same. Tanzania Flag The official flag of Burundi comprises a white saltire which divides the field into alternating red and green segments. In the center of the saltire is a white disk, on which there are three red solid six-pointed stars outlined in green. These stars are positioned in a triangular arrangement and refer to the National motto of Burundi which is "Unity, Work, and Progress". The stars also represent the three ethnic groups in the country - the Hutu, Tutsi and the Twa. The white color epitomizes peace, green stands for optimism amd hope, and red stands for the bloodshed of the soldiers in the struggle for independence. The ratio of the flag is 3:5.

Official Name: Republic of Burundi Proportion: 3:5 Adopted on: March 28, 1967 Location: Central Africa bordered by Rwanda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo Capital City: Bujumbura Major Cities: Bubanza, Bujumbura Mairie, Karuzi Area: 10,745 square miles Currency: Burundi franc (FBu) (BIF) Official Languages: French, Kirundi | National Review July 4, 2014 4:00 AM From the August 3, 1998, issue of NR New York, July 7 — What is the temperature of U.S. patriotism? Everybody, it seems, was asking that question over the weekend. The curiosity is conventional. How good are we in comparison to our fathers; how good were they in comparison with their grandfathers? Even so, observations are offered. 1. The bountiful television coverage of events in Boston and Washington do in fact give rise to something a little different from simple patriotic fervor. In Washington there were the great fireworks but also the exuberant National Symphony Orchestra.

And then what is indispensable to the civic impact of music and fireworks are the monuments. Great Washington, Noble Lincoln, the Genius Jefferson, and of course the mythogenic White House. The cameras didn’t rest on it long enough to provoke studied thought to what its contemporary inhabitant has done to dilute confidence in the country, but the application of Gresham’s Law is resisted, and the mind travels to its better residents rather than its poorer. Still, especially after viewing the marvels of the Boston scene, with firework displays surely never exceeded anywhere, one is forced to ask: Are we being given upscale signs and sounds that serve as phony fermenters of a synthetic patriotism? One analyst spoke of a grandmother who on the Fourth of July simply pulled out and displayed for family reverence an American flag her uncle had brought back as a soldier from World War I. That was her celebration, and all that was needed. 2. It is certainly not simple, and two commentators (Michael Beschloss and Sam Nunn) acknowledged that the wellsprings of patriotism are diminished. For one thing we haven’t had a great war, which is usually a harnessing national experience. For another, the last war we fought was divisive, not unifying.

But then, too, there is the relativism that has got into the bloodstream, choking up what once was universally accepted as appropriate tribute to American “exceptionalism.” What is the difference between George Washington and Ho Chi Minh? they used to ask in the fever swamps of the ‘60s. And President Clinton in China, as we celebrated, was saying things on the order of: Who says there is a better leader for China than Jiang Zemin? 3. Senator Nunn spoke of the “erosion” of patriotism, though he thought it more vibrant among the American people than among its leaders. The former will need to ignite the latter, instead of the other way around, as for instance Teddy Roosevelt would have done. Nunn went on (this was on the “NewsHour With Jim Lehrer”) to cite the disfiguring contemporary data in America, “crime, divorce, abortion, drugs.” At a public forum in which the British were being berated for the excesses of the soccer hooligans, the speaker was reminded that we live in a glass house of some vastness. There is, per capita, 900 percent more murders in the United States than in Great Britain. How is national pride engendered?

John Stuart Mill, the great bard of the universal franchise, wrote as if offhandedly that of course he would not give the vote to anyone who would use it merely in his own personal interest. The proud democrat votes for the commonweal; for what is best not individually for the tobacco grower or the steel manufacturer or the schoolteachers’ unions—but for policies that increase liberty and prosperity universally. It is for the vision of what will genuinely help the commonweal that we aspire, and our hope is to generate a high ratio of disinterested voters to special-interest voters. It is, then, critical to focus on great historical distinctions. Headway in that direction was made by an analyst a few years ago with a happy choice of metaphors. He spoke of “hard” American prestige and “soft” American prestige. The first comes from our possession of the hydrogen bomb and our moon-landing feats of technology. The second, from American manners: American philanthropy and charity. Few countries have cared so much about the poor, mostly within our own borders, but also beyond our borders, as the Marshall Plan attests. It happened to the Roman society that its shortcomings finally overwhelmed the state, and that a great society became merely a historical sanctuary.

Burke said it definitively, that a society, to be loved, must be lovely. The consensus, on the Fourth of July, seemed to be that the American people still think it that, but that some probationary signs are flying. — William F. Buckley Jr. was the founder and editor-in-chief of National Review. This column appeared in the August 3, 1998 issue of National Review.

Question: How many stars are on the national flag of Turkey?
Answer: One