Hanoverians - Timeline of the Kings and Queens of England of the United Kingdom Born: 30 October 1683 at Herrenhausen, Hanover Parents: George I and Sophia Dorothea Ascended to the throne: June 11, 1727 aged 43 years Crowned: 11 October 1727 at Westminster Abbey Married: Caroline, daughter of Margrave of Brandenburg Children: Four sons and five daughters Died: 25 October 1760 at Kensington Palace Buried at: Westminster Abbey Succeeded by: his grandson George III King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1727, George preferred Germany to England, but learned to speak English, unlike his father. Interesting Fact: The last British monarch to lead troops into battle at the Battle of Dettingen against the French in 1743. 1735, George II gave Sir Rober Walpole a gift of 10 Downing Street, now the permanent London residence of the British prime minister .

1739 - Dick Turpin, highwayman, hanged at York King George III 1760 - 1820 George III, the longest-serving Hanoverian monarch, died after occupying the throne for 60 years. His eldest son served as prince regent from 1811 to 1820 when his father was declared insane. Grandson of George II Succeeded by: his son George IV King of Great Britain and Ireland from 1760. George III was the first Hanoverian monarch to be born in England. He was born on 4 June 1738 in London and was the son of Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, and grandson of George II. He was the first monarch since Queen Anne to put British interests well before those of Hanover. George III ruled for 50 years and fathered 15 children. He suffered from recurrent fits of madness and after 1810, his son acted as regent. During his reign: Britain lost its American colonies but emerged as a leading power in Europe. Australia was colonised.

His reign was the age of some of the greatest names in English literature - Jane Austen, Byron, Shelley, Keats and Wordsworth. It was also the time of great statesmen like Pitt and Fox and great captains like Wellington and Nelson . 1769 - Captain James Cook’s first voyage to explore the Pacific. In 1773 the 'Boston Tea Party' was the first sign of the troubles that were to come in America. The American Colonies proclaimed their independence on July 4th 1776. 1775 - James Watt develops the steam engine. The 1790s saw the French Revolution. The wars with France continued until Napoleon's defeat at Waterloo in 1815. In 1801, under the Act of Union Great Britain and Ireland were united into a single nation - the United Kingdom. George was thus the first king of the new nation. 1813 - Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice is published.

King George IV 1820 - 1830 George IV was deeply unpopular for his extravagant lifestyle and scandalous private life, but he was an enthusiastic supporter of the arts and his residences, particularly Carlton House and Brighton Pavilion, set new standards of taste. Age 58-67 Eldest son of George III Parents: George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Born: St James's Palace, London, on 12 August 1762 Ascended to the throne: 29 January 1820 aged 57 years Crowned: 19 July 1821 at Westminster Abbey Married: Mrs Fitzherbert (English), then Caroline, daughter of Duke of Brunswick Children: One daughter,and at least two illegitimate children Died: 26 June 1830 at Windsor Castle, aged 67 years Buried at: Windsor Succeeded by: his brother William IV George became prince regent in 1811, while his father was very ill, and king in 1820. Built Brighton Pavilion. He died on 26 June 1830.

His only child, Princess Charlotte had died in childbirth in 1817, so the crown passed to George's brother who became William IV. King William IV 1830 - 1837 During his youth, William had served in the Royal Navy so he was nicknamed 'the sailor king' Age 64-71. Third son of George III. Born: 21 August 1765 at Buckingham House (now Palace) Parents: George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz Ascended to the throne: June 26, 1830 aged 64 years Crowned: 8 September 1831 at Westminster Abbey Married: Adelaide, daughter of Dukeof Saxe-Meinigen Children: Four none of whom survived infancy, plus several illegitimate by Dorothy Jordan Died: 20 June 1837 at Windsor Castle Buried at: Windsor Succeeded by: his niece Victoria William IV was king of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1830. He became known as the "Sailor King" after joining the navy from just 13 years old.

His reign saw the passing of the Reform Act of 1832. During his reign England abolished slavery in the colonies in 1833. William died on 20 June 1837, without surviving children. His niece Victoria succeeded him. 1834 - Fire destroys the Palace of Westminster. 1834 - Poor Law Act is passed, creating workhouses for the poor.

1836 - Births, marriages and deaths must be registered by law 1836 - Dickens publishes Oliver Twist, drawing attention to Britain’s poor Queen Victoria 1837 - 1901 Born: 24 May 1819 at Kensington Palace Parents: Edward, Duke of Kent (son of George III) and Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld Ascended to the throne: June 20, 1837 aged 18 years Crowned: 28 June 1838 at Westminster Abbey Married: Albert, son of Duke of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha Children: Four sons including Edward VII, and five daughters Died: 22 January 1901 at Osbourne, Isle of Wight, aged 81 years, 7 months, and 29 days Buried at: Frogmore, Windsor Succeeded by: her son Edward VII Victoria was the daughter of Edward, duke of Kent (fourth son of George III) and a niece of George IV and William lV. She married Albert of Saxe - Coburg Gotha. Ruled during the industrial revolution.

The British Empire became powerful, rich and confident. When Victoria died in 1901, after the longest reign in English history, the British Empire and British world power had reached their highest point. She had 9 children, 40 grand-children and 37 great-grandchildren, scattered all over Europe. Longest reigning British monarch: abdication time? - netivist Source: Composite by G_marius based on a PolizeiBerlin' image After setting a record for the longest reigning monarch in the history of the UK, many wonder whether it is time for Queen Elizabeth II to abdicate. Vote and explain your stance towards the British Monarchy Elisabeth II is a much loved Queen. However not all British people are supportive of the monarchy, and even among monarchists some claim that the Queen should step aside and pass the throne either to her son Charles, Prince of Wales, or to her grandson William, Prince of Cambridge . Longest reigning British monarchs Length is not always an indicator of quality of a reign. However, few would argue that the current English Queen has not demonstrated important leadership skills and capacity to adapt to a fast changing world.

Since 2015, Queen Elisabeth II leads in the table of longest ruling British monarchs: Elisabeth II (United Kingdom), since 6 February 1952 Victoria (United Kingdom) from 20 June 1837 to 22 January 1901 (died aged 81) George III (United Kingdom) from 25 October 1760 to 29 January 1820 (died aged 81) James VI, King of Scotland from 24 July 1567 to 27 March 1625, King of England and Ireland from 24 March 1603 to 27 March 1625 (died aged 58) Henry III (England) from 19 October 1216 to 16 November 1272 (died aged 65) Edward III (England) from 25 January 1327 to 21 June 1377 (died aged 64) William I, or William the Lion (Scotland) from 9 December 1165 to 4 December 1

214 (died as king aged 71) Llywelyn the Great (Wales) Prince of Gwynedd from 1195 to 11 April 1240 and Prince of Powys Wenwynwyn 1216 to 11 April 1240 (died aged 67) Elisabeth I (England and Ireland) from 17 November 1558 to 24 March 1603 (died aged 69) David II (Scotland) from 7 June 1329 to 22 February 1371 (died aged 46).

All the monarchs in this list died ruling their kingdom. None of them abdicated or were ousted from power. Can this be an indication of Elisabeth II's intentions not to abdicate? Longest reigning queens and kings in history Queen Elisabeth may be the longest reigning British monarch but not she is not the longest serving ruler if we take into consideration other countries. In fact, if you include Dukes, Counts and Princes ruling over sovereign territories Queen Elisabeth II would only rank 48th in the world. Here we have shorltlisted the ten longest ruling monarchs of big countries: Louis XIV, a.k.a. Le Roi-Soleil, King of France from 14 May 1643 to 1 September 1715 (died aged 76) Bhumibol Adulyadej, a.k.a. Rama IX, King of Thailad since 9 June 1946 Frederick III the Peaceful, Holy Roman Emperor, King of Germany and Prince of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola.

He ruled from 2 February 1440 to 19 August 1493 (died aged 77) Franz Joseph I was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia from 2 December 1848 to 21 November 1916 (died aged 86) Constantine VII was Byzantine Emperor from 962 to 11 November 1028 (although until 1025 he shared the throne with other emperors including his older brother Basil II, Nikephoros II and John I Tzimiskes (died aged 68) Basil II was Byzantine Emperor from 962 to 15 December 1025 (died aged 67) Ferdinand I, a.k.a.

Re Nasone, was the King of Naples from 6 October 1759 to 23 January 1799, King of Sicily from 6 October 1759 to 12 December 1816, and King of the Two Sicilies from 12 December 1916 to 4 January 1825 (died aged 73). Elisabeth II, Queen of the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand since 6 February 1952 Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 to 22 January 1901 (died aged 81) James I the Conqueror, King of Aragon from 12 September 1213 to 27 July 1276 (died aged 68) We have not included monarchs of territories controlled by a colonial power, small countries, principalities, counties, duchies etc.

Among the sovereigns of these smaller territories it is important to mention Sobhuza II, King of Swaziland, who reigned for 82 years (1899 to 1982), Bernard VII, Lord of Lippe for 81 years; and William IV, Princely count of Henneberg-Schleusingen for 78 years. Queen Elizabeth II abdication? Queen Elizabeth II is officially the longest reigning monarch in 1,000 years of British history . On Wednesday 9 September 2015, Elizabeth II surpassed Queen Victoria’s (24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) record of 63 years and 216 days on the throne. Born on 21 April 1926, Elizabeth II became queen on 6 February 1952. Now, being 90 years old, many consider her well past normal retirement age and wonder whether it is time to abdicate, as other European monarchs have done recently.

In January 2013,Queen Beatrix of the Netherlands, then 75, initiated a trend of royal abdications, using the 200th anniversary of the current Dutch crown to pass the throne on to her son, Willem-Alexander. A few months later Belgium’s Albert II, then 78, also abdicated, and enabling his son Philippe to become king. On 2 June 2014, at 76, it was the turn to King Juan Carlos I of Spain to give up the throne, allegedly because of poor health, in favour of his son, Felipe VI. Monarchs are not the only heads of state that have recently resigned due to their age. In 2013, Joseph Ratzinger, then Pope Benedict XVI, surprised the whole world when he resigned as Supreme Pontiff of the Catholic Church . What do you think, should Queen Elizabeth emulate other European monarchs and abdicate? Is time for Prince Charles to sit on the throne? What would be better for the monarchy and for the future of the UK ? BBC - History - George II z George II © George was elector of Hanover and second Hanoverian king of Great Britain and Ireland.

George was born in Hanover, Germany on 10 November 1683, the only son of the elector of Hanover. In 1705 he married Princess Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach, and they had nine children. In 1714, George's father succeeded to the British throne, and created George prince of Wales. The relationship between father and son was already poor and the prince's London residence, Leicester House, became a rival court and focus for a dissident Whig group which included Robert Walpole. He encouraged a reconciliation between father and son. This led to Walpole's inclusion in George I's administration, whereupon he lost the prince's favour. Only Caroline's intervention kept Walpole in office when the prince succeeded to the throne in 1727. He cemented his position by securing George a Civil List (allowance) from parliament of £800,000, considerably more than previous monarchs had received. Walpole also won acknowledgement of George's legitimacy from many influential Tories who supported the exiled Stuart pretender to the English throne. As a result, no senior politician deserted George's cause during the Jacobite Rebellion of 1745.

Charles Edward Stuart, the 'Young Pretender' landed in Scotland but, after some initial success, was defeated at the Battle of Culloden in 1746. George seemed destined to imitate his father, quarrelling with his son Frederick Louis, Prince of Wales, who in turn became a leader of an anti-administration faction. War broke out with Spain in 1739. In 1742 Walpole, who had dominated government since 1721, resigned. George quickly found another mentor in John Carteret who, with George, brought England into the War of the Austrian Succession (1740-1748), prompting accusations that he was subordinating English interests to those of George's German possessions. In 1743, George led his troops into battle against the French at Dettingen, the last British king to fight in battle. During the last decade of his life George took little interest in politics. Britain's involvement in the Seven Years' War (1756 - 1763) was largely overseen by William Pitt the Elder.

This period also saw the expansion of British influence in India and Canada with the military successes of Robert Clive and James Wolfe respectively. George died on 25 October 1760. Frederick had died in 1751, leaving George's grandson to inherit the throne. King George III Role in The American Revolutionary War Summary World History King George III & The American Revolution King George III, or George William Frederick, was born on June 4, 1738. He was the king of Great Britain and Ireland from October 25, 1760 to January 1, 1801 when Great Britain and Ireland finally united. He was then The King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland till the day he died on January 29, 1820. King George III lived and reigned longer than any British monarch that ruled before him. His reign was overwhelming, with a string of military battles that involved faraway lands such as the Americas, Asia, and Africa, as well as with nearby places in Europe, particularly France. In his early reign, France was defeated by Great Britain in the Seven Years War and the country became the prime European force in India and North America.

However, the American Revolutionary war overthrew George III’s reign in many colonies. It eventually led to George III losing the Americas, from which his moniker “The King who Lost America” was derived. In the subsequent wars against Napoleonic and revolutionary France that started on 1793, Great Britain was eventually able to conclude Napoleon’s defeat in 1815, at the Battle of Waterloo. Early Life and Marriage George was born at the Norfolk House in London. His grandfather was King George II and his father was the Prince of Wales during that time, Frederick. His mother was Augusta of Sax-Gotha. Although he was two months premature, he grew up as a healthy boy. His family moved to Leicester Square where he and Prince Edward, his younger brother and Duke of York and Albany, were educated by private mentors. According to family letters, George was able to write and read both German and English. When he was eight, he was already able to comment on that time’s political events. He was the first monarch of Great Britain who systematically studied science including astronomy, physics and chemistry. He also studied other subjects such as mathematics, music, history, geography, Latin, French, commerce, constitutional law and agriculture.

He also had other accomplishments in fencing, riding and dancing. Becoming the Prince of Wales When Frederick, Prince of Wales unexpectedly died from an injury in the lungs in 1751, George became the apparent heir to King George II’s throne. He became the Duke of Edinburgh and inherited some of his father’s titles. George II’s interest in his grandson increased and eventually led to making George the Prince of Wales. As a monarch, George was not able to marry according to his passion. When he was love-struck with the Duke of Richmond’s sister, Lady Sarah Lennox, he thought of marriage. However, Lord Bute, his mother’s confidant, opposed the match. King George II attempted to marry his grandson to Sophie Caroline Marie, Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel but George himself, together with his mother, resisted the match. On October 1760, King George II died, and George succeeded the throne at the age of 22. This event intensified the quest for a fitting wife. In 1761, George, the new king, married Charlotte, Princess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz.

One remarkable thing about George III is that he never had a mistress, an act that is contrary to what his father and grandfathers did. George III and The American War of Independence Simply known as the Revolutionary War, the American War of Independence started in 1775 and ended in 1783. It started as a war between the New United States of America against the Kingdom of Great Britain. It gradually developed into a war between Great Britain on one side, and other nations including Spain, Netherlands, France and the United States on the other. It led to American victory but the results for other countries were varied. The American War of Independence began from the American Enlightenment that resulted in political and civil American Revolution. This was when Americans perceived that their rights were denied by not allowing American representation in the Parliament. Another issue was that the Parliament constantly levied direct taxes, without the Americans’ consent, on the colonies. By 1744, the Americans began forming self-governing provinces, getting out of British rule in each colony. In April 1775, armed conflict between American militia men and British regulars broke out at the Battles of Lexington and Concord. The Americans petitioned to the King to intervene with the Parliament.

However, George ignored the pleas and instead labeled the rebel leaders traitors. What ensued was a year of fighting. In 1776, the colonies declared their independence and made a list of their grievances to the King. At the same time, the American revolutionaries were asking support from the populace. George was always accused of trying to keep his nation at war with the American revolutionaries. He did not heed counsel from his advisors. According to George Trevelyan, a Victorian author, George had a strong determination not to acknowledge the American independence. He wanted to punish their contumacy by indefinitely prolonging a war which he promised to would be ongoing for eternity. George wanted to keep the rebels poor, anxious and harassed until the day comes when their disappointment and discontent were transformed into remorse and penitence. Early in 1778, France signed an alliance treaty with the United States of America which further escalated the conflict. Later on, the Dutch Republic and Spain joined France. Realizing that Britain was on its own without a single ally, top British officials Lord Weymouth and Lord Gower resigned. Lord North, the Prime Minister of Britain during that time, asked permission to resign but remained in the office by George’s insistence.

The opposition to the costly war got stronger which resulted to the Gordon Riots in 1780. Late in 1781, Lord Cornwallis surrendered. When the news reached London, Lord North’s support from the parliament declined. He resigned the following year. George III drafted a renunciation notice that was not delivered and accepted defeat in North America. In 1783, the Treaties of Paris were ratified. Finally, Great Britain acknowledged the independence of the states and gave Florida back to Spain. In 1785, John Adams was designated as the American Minister to London. King George III told him that although he was the last to consent the separation, now that it was made, he would be the first to meet an independent power, the United States that is, and its friendship. 17 responses to “King George III & The American Revolution” George III - British History - HISTORY.com Google George III: Birth and Education The Georgian era (1714-1830) spanned the combined reigns of the five British monarchs from the Electorate of Hanover, a member state of the Holy Roman Empire. George III was the first Hanoverian king born in England rather than Germany.

His parents were Frederick, prince of Wales, and Augusta of Saxe-Gotha. Did You Know? The planet Uranus was originally named "Georgium sidus," the Georgian Star, after King George III of England, who had funded the 40-foot telescope William Herschel used in its discovery. On his father’s death in 1751, the 12-year-old George became prince of Wales. He was cared for in relative isolation by his mother and tutored by the Scottish nobleman Lord Bute. George III: Early Reign George III became king of Great Britain and Ireland in 1760 following his grandfather George II’s death. In his accession speech to Parliament, the 22-year-old monarch played down his Hanoverian connections. “Born and educated in this country,” he said, “I glory in the name of Britain.” A year after his coronation, George was married to Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the daughter of a German duke. It was a political union—the two met for the first time on their wedding day—but a fruitful one, producing 15 children.

George III worked for an expedited end to the Seven Years’ War (1756-63), taking a position that forced his influential war minister William Pitt the Elder (who wanted to broaden the conflict) to resign in 1761. The next year George appointed Lord Bute as his prime minister, the first in a quick succession of five ineffective ministers. In 1764 Prime Minister George Grenville introduced the Stamp Act as a way of raising revenue in British America. The act was fervently opposed in America, especially by the pamphleteers whose paper would be taxed. Parliament would repeal the act two years later, but mistrust persisted in the colonies. George III: The American Revolution In 1770 Lord North became prime minister, beginning a 12-year period of parliamentary stability. In 1773 he passed an act taxing tea in the colonies. The Americans complained of taxation without representation (and staged the Boston Tea Party ), but North held firm with George’s backing. The American Revolution began on April 19, 1775, with the Battles of Lexington and Concord .

The next year, the Declaration of Independence laid out the Americans’ case for freedom, portraying George III as an inflexible tyrant who had squandered his right to govern the colonies. In reality the situation was more complex: Parliamentary ministers, not the crown, were responsible for colonial policies, though George still had means of direct and indirect influence. The king was reluctant to come to terms with his army’s defeat at Yorktown in 1781. He drafted an abdication speech but in the end decided to defer to Parliament’s peace negotiations. The 1783 Treaty of Paris recognized the United States and ceded Florida to Spain. George III: Later Rule and Mental Illness At the end of 1783, Lord North’s coalition was forced out by William Pitt the Younger, who would be prime minister for more than 17 years. In 1778 George lapsed into a months-long period of violent insanity. He was restrained with a straitjacket and suffered various treatments as crisis of rule unfolded around him. He recovered the next year and reigned for the next 12 as a newly beloved monarch and symbol of stability in the era of France’s revolutionary chaos.

George’s support of England’s role in the French Revolutionary Wars of the late 1790s offered early resistance against the Napoleonic juggernaut. George suffered a second major bout of insanity in 1804 and recovered, but in 1810 he slipped into his final illness. A year later his son, the future George IV, became prince regent, giving him effective rule for the War of 1812 and Napoleon’s final defeat at Waterloo in 1815. George III died blind, deaf and mad on January 29, 1820. His illnesses may have been caused by porphyria, an inherited metabolic disorder, though a 2005 analysis of hair samples suggested arsenic poisoning (from medicines and cosmetics) as a possible cause. Tags George II | Today In Georgia History Winner of two 2013 Emmy Awards from the Southeast Chapter of the National Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Today in Georgia History is a joint collaboration of the Georgia Historical Society & Georgia Public Broadcasting. October 25 October 25, 1760 - Georgia colony Our state still bears his name, but King George II never set foot here.

He was born in Germany and when he succeeded his father, George I, in 1727, he became the second of Britain’s Hanoverian German kings. George II signed the charter creating the colony of Georgia in 1732. James Oglethorpe persuaded the king that England needed a buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida, so Georgia became the first new British colony in North America in more than 50 years. In 1743, George also earned the distinction of being the last British monarch to lead troops into battle when he fought against the French in the War of Austrian Succession. But he also battled fiercely with his son and heir, Frederick, who allied himself openly with George’s political enemies. When Frederick died prematurely, George did not attend his funeral. The king was succeeded instead by his grandson, George III, who would become America’s last king when Georgia’s namesake died on October 25, 1760, Today in Georgia history.

King George II | Britroyals Born: October 30, 1683 at Herrenhausen, Hanover Parents: George I and Sophia Dorothea Relation to Elizabeth II: 5th great-grandfather House of: Hanover Ascended to the throne: June 11, 1727 aged 43 years Crowned: October 11, 1727 at Westminster Abbey Married: Caroline, daughter of Margrave of Brandenburg Children: Four sons and five daughters Died: October 25, 1760 at Kensington Palace, aged 76 years, 11 months, and 25 days Buried at: Westminster Reigned for: 33 years, 4 months, and 15 days Succeeded by: his grandson George III George II was born in Hanover the son of George I and Sophia of Celle. He married Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach in 1705 an attractive and intelligent women, and they had 9 children. In 1708 he took part in the Battle of Oudenarde in Belgium against the French.

His father became King George I of England in 1714 and he became Prince of Wales. However his father�s treatment of his mother whom he had imprisoned left son George with a hatred of his father and they regularly quarrelled. He was even put under arrest by his father who excluded him from public ceremonies. When his father died in 1727 he became King George II and set about changing his father�s policies. Walpole was expected to be dismissed but survived on the intervention of Queen Caroline. The death of Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI in 1740 led to the European War of Austrian Succession in which the British and Dutch supported Marie Theresa�s claim to the Austrian throne against the Prussians and French. George II personally led his troops at the Battle of Dettingen in 1743, becoming the last British monarch to lead his troops into battle. The Jacobite Rebellion of 1745, in which Charles Edward Stuart (�Bonnie Prince Charlie�) landed in Scotland and marched with a Highland army into England, was defeated at Culloden in 1746 and Scottish opposition brutally suppressed by George�s second son Prince William, Duke of Cumberland.

Like his father he quarrelled with his eldest son Frederick, Prince of Wales, over his marriage but Frederick died suddenly in 1751. The final years of his reign saw George retiring from active politics; however it was a period in which British dominance overseas grew. William Pitt became Prime Minister during the Seven years war against France which spread to India and North America. Robert Clive secured the Indian continent for Britain at the Battle of Plassey, and General Wolfe captured Quebec in Canada. George II died in 1760 of an aneurysm while seated on his water closet. He was succeeded by his grandson also called George. King George II's Signature Quotes: �No I shall have mistresses� � King George II (to his wife Caroline on her death bed when she suggested that he remarry) �Mad, is he? Then I hope he will bite some of my other generals� � King George II (about General Wolfe) �I hate all Boets and Bainters� � King George II on the arts (he spoke with a strong German accent).

He did however have a soft spot for music particularly George Frederick Handel who wrote Zadok the Priest for his coronation and Music for Royal Fireworks to celebrate the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle. Timeline for King George II Year British Monarchy Family History British Monarchy Family History Use This Website To Find Family History Facts About The British Monarchy AT A GLANCE BRITISH MONARCHY FACTS Since William the Conqueror came to the throne in 1066 as the country's first Norman monarch, England / Britain has seen forty one monarchs - six queens and thirty five kings - from nine royal houses or dynasties. The longest reigning royal dynasty was the Plantagenet Dynasty and the shortest dynasty was that of the Royal House of Saxe Coburg & Gotha, although the house does in fact still exist but it's title was changed from it's original German name to that of the more English sounding, House of Windsor, due to the two countries war history. The longest reigning monarch Queen Elisabth II who reigned for over sixty three years and the shortest reigning monarch was Queen Jane who reigned for only nine days.

The longest reigning king was George III who reigned for over sixty years and the shortest reigning King was Edward V who was murdered after just three months on the throne. The youngest monarch to take the throne was Henry VI at the age of just nine months and the oldest monarch to take to the throne was Edward VII at the age of 59. Of these forty four monarchs three were never crowned, King Edward V and Queen Jane who never lived to see their coronations and King Edward VIII who abdicated. King Henry III was crowned twice and three monarchs, Queen Anne, King Charles II and King James II had their coronation on the same date, the 23rd of February, otherwise known as St George's Day. Six British monarchs have died of natural causes or old age, one monarch died an accidental death and one abdicated. Two monarchs were killed in battle and two were murdered, three were executed and three were deposed, with the others all dying from a verified medical condition. Since 1748 any British monarch who was not born during the Summer months has been able to celebrate two birthdays every year.

Official celebrations to mark the monarch's birthday, known as the Trooping of the Colour pictured below, are then held on a Saturday during the months of May or June when there is a far greater likelihood of good weather for this well attended, outdoor parade. (Image courtesy of Jon, wikimedia Commons). TIMELINES OF THE BRITISH MONARCHY Found below are the timelines of all forty four English / British monarchs from the year 1066 to the present day. Each monarch's name can be found under their respective royal house or dynasty. THE NORMAN DYNASTY 1066 - 1154 Four monarchs over eighty eight years. William - 1027 - 1087 ( William The Bastard, so named because of his status at birth and William The Conqueror, so named because of his conquest of the English). Born in Normandy sometime in 1028 William oversaw a twenty one year reign from 1066 until 1087 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey in London on the 25th of December 1066.

He died from injuries sustained after a fall from his horse on the 9th of September 1087 and was interred at the Abbaye aux Hommes in Caen in France. William II - 1087 - 1100 ( Rufus, so named because of his red hair which resembled the colour of fox fur). Born in Normandy sometime in 1056 William oversaw a thirteen year reign from 1087 until 1100 after a coronation at Canterbury Cathedral on the 26th of September 1087. He died from a verified hunting accident in the New Forest in Hampshire on the 2nd of August 1100 and was buried in Winchester Cathedral in Hampshire. Henry I - 1068 - 1135 (Beauclerk, so named because he was the first Norman King to speak fluent English). Born in Selby in Yorkshire sometime in 1068 Henry oversaw a thirty five year reign from 1100 until 1135 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 5th of August 1100.

He died from an over indulgence of lamprey (a type of eel) on the 2nd of December 1135 and was interred in Reading Abbey in Berkshire. Stephen - 1096 - 1154 Born in Normandy sometime in 1096 Stephen oversaw a nineteen year reign from 1135 until 1154 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 22nd of December 1135. He died of natural causes on the 25th of October 1154 and was interred in Faversham Abbey in Kent. 1154 - 1399 Eight monarchs over 245 years. Henry II - 1133 - 1189 Born in Le Mans, France on the 5th of March 1133 Henry oversaw a thirty five year reign from 1154 until 1189 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 19th of December 1154.

He died of natural causes on the 6th of July 1189 and was interred at Fontevraud Abbey in Chinon in France. Richard I 1157 - 1199 ( Lionheart, so named because of his prowess on the battlefield). Born in Oxfordshire on the 8th of September 1157 Richard oversaw a ten year reign from 1189 until 1199 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 3rd of May 1189. He died whilst recuperating from a crossbow injury to his shoulder in Chalus, France on the 6th of April 1199 and was buried at Fontevraus Abbey in Chinon, France. John - 1167 - 1216 Born in Oxfordshire on the 24th of December 1186 John oversaw a seventeen year reign from 1199 until 1216 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 27th of May 1199.

He died from a bout of dysentery on the 18th of October 1216 and was later interred at Worcester Cathedral in Worcestershire. Henry III 1207 - 1272 Born in Hampshire on the 1st of October 1207 Henry oversaw a fifty six year reign from 1216 - 1272 and was crowned twice, once at a simple affair at Gloucester Cathedral on the 28th of October 1216 and again, by order of Pope Honorius III, at Westminster Abbey on the 17th of May 1220 . He died from natural causes whilst travelling through Carlisle on his way to Scotland on the 16th of November 1272 and was interred in Westminster Abbey. Edward I 1239 - 1307 (Longshanks, so named because of his great height of well over six feet, a rare phenomena in that day and age).

Born in London on the 17th 0f June 1239 Edward oversaw a thirty five year reign from 1272 until 1307 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 19th of August 1274. He died from natural causes on the 7th of July 1307 and was interred in Westminster Abbey. Edward II 1284 - 1327 Born in Caernarfon in Wales on the 25th of April 1284 Edward oversaw a twenty year reign from 1307 until 1327 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 25th of February 1308. He had supposedly been tortured to death by his wife Isabella of France and her lover Roger Mortimer for his homosexual tendencies whilst being kept prisoner at Berkley Castle, Gloucestershire and died there on the 22nd of September 1327. He was later interred at Gloucester Cathedral in Gloucestershire.

Edward III 1312 - 1377 Born in Windsor on the 13th of November 1312 Edward oversaw a fifty year reign from 1327 until 1377 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 1st of February 1327. He died from natural causes on the 21st of June 1377 and was interred in Westminster Cathedral. Richard II 1367 - 1400 Born in Bordeux, France on the 6th of January 1367 Richard oversaw a twenty two year reign from 1377 until 1399 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 16th of July 1377. He died of natural causes on the 14th of February 1400 and was interred in Westminster Abbey. THE ROYAL HOUSE OF LANCASTER 1399 - 1471 Three monarchs over fifty two years.

Henry IV 1367 - 1413 Born in Lincolnshire on the 13th of April 1367 Henry oversaw a fourteen year reign from 1399 until 1413 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 13th of October 1399. He died during an epileptic seizure on the 20th of March 1413 and was later interred in Canterbury Cathedral in Kent. Henry V 1387 - 1422 Born in Monmouth, Wales on the 16th of September 1386 Henry oversaw a nine year reign from 1413 until 1422 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 9th of April 1413. He died from a bout of dysentery on the 31st of August 1422 and was interred in Westminster Abbey.

Henry VI 1421 - 1471 Born in Windsor on the 6th of December 1421 Henry oversaw a thirty nine year reign from 1422 until 1471 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 6th of November 1429 but was deposed on the 11th of April 1471 due to his inability to stamp authority. He died, probably murdered, whilst in prison on the 22nd of May 1471 and was buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle, Berkshire. THE ROYAL HOUSE OF YORK 1471 - 1485 Three monarchs over twenty four years. Edward IV 1442 - 1483 Born in Rouen in France on the 29th of April 1442 Edward oversaw a twenty two year reign from 1471 until 1483 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 28th of June 1461.

He died from complications of pneumonia on the 21st of May 1471 and was later buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle, Berkshire. Edward V 1470 - 1483 (Prince In The Tower, so named because of his incarceration and subsequent murder in the Tower of London). Born in London on the 2nd of November 1470 Edward reigned for just three months and was never crowned. He was apparently murdered along with his younger brother, the Duke of York, at the Tower of London on the 3rd of September 1483. The bodies of neither of the brothers have ever been found. Richard III 1452 - 1485 Born in Northamptonshire on the 2nd of October 1452 Richard oversaw a two year reign from 1483 until 1485 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 6th of July 1483. He died on the battlefield at Bosworth Field in Leicestershire on the 22nd of August 1485.

His place of burial was unknown for 527 years until his remains were unearthed at the site of the former Greyfriars Church in Leicester on the 24th of August 2012. King Richard's remains were formally interred in Leicester Cathedral in March, 2015. 1485 - 1603 Six monarchs over 118 years. Henry VII 1457 - 1509 Born in Pembrokeshire in Wales on the 28th of January 1457 Henry oversaw a twenty four year reign from 1485 until 1509 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 30th of October 1485. He died from tuberculosis on the 21st of April 1509 and was interred in Westminster Abbey. Henry VIII 1491 - 1542 Born in London on the 28th of June 1491 Henry oversaw a thirty eight year reign from 1509 until 1547 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 24th of June 1509.

He died from complications of Type II Diabetes on the 13th of February 1542 and was later buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle, Berkshire. Edward VI 1537 - 1553 Born in London on the 12th of October 1537 Edward oversaw a six year reign from 1547 until 1553 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 20th of February 1547. He died from congenital syphilis, probably contracted from his father, on the 6th of July 1553 and was interred in Westminster Abbey. Jane 1535 - 1554 Born in Leicestershire sometime during the Winter of 1536 / 37 Jane reigned for only nine days in May 1553 and was never crowned. She was executed, along with her husband Guildford Dudley, at the Tower of London on the 12th of February 1554. She was later buried in the tower's Chapel of St Peter ad Vincula.

Mary I 1516 - 1558 ( Bloody Mary, so named because of the deaths of thousands of protestants during her reign). Born in London on the 18th of February 1516 Mary oversaw a five year reign from 1553 until 1558 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 1st of October 1553. She died from natural causes on the 7th of January 1558 and was later interred in Westminster Abbey. Elisabeth I 1553 - 1603 ( The Virgin Queen, so named because she never married). Born in London on the 7th of September 1533 Elisabeth oversaw a forty five year reign from 1558 until 1603 after a coronation on the 15th of January 1559. She died on the twenty fourth of March 1603 from ill health brought on from years of depression. She was interred in Westminster Abbey. 1603 - 1714 Six monarchs over eighty nine years.

James I 1566 - 1625 Born in Edinburgh on the 19th of June 1566 James oversaw a twenty two year reign from 1603 until 1625 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 29th of July 1567. He died from the effects of a stroke on the 27th of March 1625 and was later interred in Westminster Abbey. Charles I 1600 - 1649 Born in Dunfermline, Scotland on the 19th of November 1600 Charles oversaw a twenty four year reign from 1625 until 1649 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 2nd of February 1626. He was executed at the Mansion House in London on the 30th of January 1649 for treason, due to his many conflicts with parliament. He was buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle, Berkshire.

Charles II 1630 - 1685 Born in London on the 29th of May 1630 Charles officially oversaw a thirty six year reign after his rule began from the time his father was executed in 1649 (With his first coronation taking place at Scone Castle in Scotland on the 1st of January 1651). After eight years in exile Charles went on to reign for another twenty five years after the Restoration of the Monarchy in 1660 and received a second coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 23rd of April 1661. Charles died from a stroke brought on by a fit of temper on the 6th of February 1685 and was later interred in Westminster Abbey. James II 1633 - 1701 Born in London on the 14th of October 1633 James oversaw a three year reign from 1685 until 1688 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 23rd of April 1685 but was deposed by parliament on the 23rd of December 1688.

James spent the rest of his life living in exile in France where he died on the 16th of September 1701. He was buried at the Church of the English Benedictines in Paris, France. William III (1650 - 1702) & Mary (1662 - 1694) William was born in The Hague, in the Netherlands on the 14th of November 1650 and oversaw a thirteen year reign from 1689 - 1702 along with his wife Mary. Mary was born in London on the 30th of April 1662 and ruled, along side her husband, for five years after a double coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 11th of April 1689. Mary died from smallpox on the 28th of December 1694 and William died from pulmonary fever on the 8th of March 1702. Both William and Mary were buried in Westminster Abbey.

Anne - 1665 - 1714 Born in London on the 6th of February 1665 Anne oversaw a twelve year reign from 1702 until 1714 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 23rd of April 1702. She died from complications brought on by several years of ill health due to obesity on the 1st of August 1714 and was later interred in Westminster Abbey. THE ROYAL HOUSE OF HANOVER 1714 - 1901 Six monarchs over 186 years. George I 1660 - 1727 Born in Hanover, Germany on the 28th of May 1660 George oversaw a thirteen year reign from 1714 until 1727 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 20th of October 1714. He died from the effects of a stroke whilst travelling in his native Germany on the 11th of June 1727 and was later interred in the Chapel at Herrenhausen in Hanover, Germany.

George II 1683 - 1760 Born in Hanover, Germany on the 30th of October 1683 George oversaw a thirty three year reign from 1727 until 1760 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 11th of October 1727. He died after a severe bout of diarrohea on the 25th of October 1760 and was later interred in Westminster Abbey. George III 1738 - 1820 Born in London on the 4th of June 1738 George oversaw a sixty year reign from 1760 until 1820 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 22nd of September 1761. He died from natural causes on the 29th of January 1820 and was buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle.

George IV 1762 - 1830 Born in London on the 12th of August 1762 George oversaw a ten year reign from 1820 until 1830 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 19th of July 1821. He died from obesity related problems on the 26th of June 1830 and was later buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle. William IV 1765 - 1837 Born in London on the 21st of August 1765 William oversaw a seven year reign from 1830 until 1837 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 8th of September 1831. He died from porphyria on the 20th of June 1837 and was buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle.

Victoria - 1819 - 1901 Born in London on the 24th of May 1819 Victoria oversaw a sixty three year reign from 1837 until 1901 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 28th of June 1838. She died from the effects of a stroke on the 22nd of January 1901 and was later interred at the Frogmore Mausoleum in Windsor Great Park in Berkshire. THE ROYAL HOUSE OF SAXE COBURG & GOTHA 1901 - 1910 One monarch over nine years. Edward VII 1841 - 1910 ( Bertie, so named as it was a shortened version of his official birth name of Albert). Born in London on the 9th of November 1841 Edward oversaw a nine year reign from 1901 until 1910 after a coronation at Westminster Abbey on the 9th of August 1902.

He died after a bout of bronchitis on the 6th of May 1910 and was later buried at St George's Chapel in Windsor Castle, Berkshire. THE ROYAL HOUSE OF WINDSOR 1910 - Present

Question: Which British monarch died in October 1760?
Answer: King George II