Types of Eczema: Atopic Dermatitis, Seborrheic Dermatitis, and More Eczema is a common problem that causes the skin to become inflamed. People often also call it dermatitis . Eczema comes in many forms. But the different types of eczema tend to cause these symptoms: Itching . The itching can be intense. The damage to the skin during eczema is often due to scratching. Scaling. The surface of the skin can flake off, giving the skin a rough, scaly appearance. Redness. The affected skin may bleed and appear blotchy. Fluid-filled blisters . These can ooze and form crusts. Cracking. Severely affected skin may develop painful, deep cracks, also called fissures. Depending on the cause, eczema may flare up and cause severe symptoms. But it can also become a chronic problem with less intense symptoms. Here's a look at the types of eczema and their treatments. Atopic Dermatitis The hands are especially vulnerable to developing contact dermatitis. People can develop contact dermatitis even if they don't have atopic dermatitis.

Treatments for irritant contact dermatitis include: Moisturizers for the skin Steroid medications Treatments for contact dermatitis from allergic triggers also include steroid drugs. These are rubbed on the skin or taken as a pill. For either type of contact dermatitis, antibiotics may be necessary. Avoiding future contact with the irritant or allergy trigger is also important. Wearing gloves can help protect the skin on the hands, which are often affected. Dyshidrotic Dermatitis This type of eczema affects the hands and feet. The cause is unknown. The first symptom may be severe itching. Blisters may then appear, which give way a few weeks later to scaly patches. Sometimes deep cracks can appear on the hands or fingers. This type of eczema may become chronic and painful. Treatments include: Steroid drugs that are rubbed onto the skin or taken by mouth Psoralen combined with ultraviolet A therapy Nummular Dermatitis This type of eczema more often affects men than women. Men usually don't get their first outbreak before their mid-50s. Women tend to get it in their teen years or early adulthood. Nummular dermatitis causes coin-shaped red marks.

The marks appear most often on the: Legs Inside and behind the ear People may scratch affected areas during the day without realizing it. They may also scratch while asleep. Usually, neurodermatitis causes a skin outbreak that doesn't get any bigger. But the irritated skin can grow thick and deeply wrinkled. Infections may also develop in the irritated areas. The main treatment for this type of eczema is to stop scratching it. In the meantime, steroid medicines that are rubbed onto the skin can help treat symptoms. When neurodermatitis affects the scalp, it can be harder to treat. In these cases, it may require the steroid medication prednisone , which is taken by mouth . Seborrheic Dermatitis This type of eczema is better known as dandruff . In infants, it affects the scalp. In adults, it also often affects these areas: Eyebrows Groin Center of chest Seborrheic dermatitis causes skin to fall off in flakes. The condition may be due to an overgrowth of a type of yeast that normally lives in these areas, as well as an overgrowth and rapid shedding of cells on the scalp.

It may be especially hard to treat in people whose immune systems aren't working properly, including people with AIDS . Treatments vary between infants and people with the condition later in life. The treatments include: Shampoo containing salicylic acid , selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, or coal tar Antifungal treatments or steroid lotions that are rubbed onto affected areas Steroid lotions Stasis Dermatitis This type of eczema can develop in people when the veins in their lower legs don't properly return blood to their heart . Stasis dermatitis can arise quickly, causing weeping and crusting of the skin. Over time, this type of eczema can cause the skin to develop brown stains. Treatments include: Seborrheic dermatitis - Mayo Clinic Seborrheic dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis on the face Seborrheic (seb-o-REE-ik) dermatitis is a common skin condition that mainly affects your scalp. It causes scaly patches, red skin and stubborn dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis can also affect oily areas of the body, such as the face, upper chest and back.

Seborrheic dermatitis doesn't affect your overall health, but it can be uncomfortable and cause embarrassment. It isn't contagious, and it's not a sign of poor personal hygiene. Seborrheic dermatitis is usually a long-term condition. You may need many repeated treatments before the symptoms go away. And they may return later. You may be able to manage flare-ups by recognizing seborrheic dermatitis symptoms and using a combination of self-care steps and medications. Seborrheic dermatitis is also called dandruff, seborrheic eczema and seborrheic psoriasis. For infants, it's known as cradle cap. References Papadakis MA, ed., et al. Current Medical Diagnosis & Treatment 2014. 53rd ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2014. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Goldsmith LA, et al., eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 8th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014.

Rakel D. Integrative Medicine. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2012. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Sasseville D, et al. Seborrheic dermatitis in adolescents and adults. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Sasseville D, et al. Cradle cap and seborrheic dermatitis in infants. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Ferri FF. Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2014: 5 Books in 1. Philadelphia, Pa.: Mosby Elsevier; 2014. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Lebwohl MG, et al. Treatment of Skin Disease: Comprehensive Therapeutic Strategies. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders Elsevier; 2014. Accessed Jan. 20, 2014. Pizzorno JE, et al. Textbook of Natural Medicine. 4th ed. St. Louis, Mo.: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2013. Accessed Jan.

20, 2014. Ramos-e-Silva M, et al. Red face revisited: Endogenous dermatitis in the form of atopic dermatitis and seborrheic dermatitis. Clinics in Dermatology. 2014;32:109. Efficacious and safe management of moderate to severe seborrheic dermatitis using clobetasol propionate shampoo 0.05% combined with ketonazole shampoo 2%. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2012;66(suppl 1):AB50. Kim GK, et al. Topical pimecrolimus 1% cream in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis. Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology. 2013;6:29. AskMayoExpert. Seborrheic dermatitis (adult and pediatric). Rochester, Minn.: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; 2013. Public health advisory: Elidel (pimecrolimus) cream and Protopic (tacrolimus) cream. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Accessed Jan.

22, 2014. Gibson LE (expert opinion). Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn. Feb. 6, 2014. Goldsmith LA, et al., eds. Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. 8th ed. New York, N.Y.: The McGraw-Hill Companies; 2012. Accessed Feb. 6, 2014. Dessinioti C, et al. Seborrheic dermatitis: Etiology, risk factors and treatments: Facts and controversies. Clinics in Dermatology. 2013;31:343. Products and Services Dermatitis | definition of dermatitis by Medical dictionary Dermatitis | definition of dermatitis by Medical dictionary Dermatitis is a general term used to describe inflammation of the skin. Description Most types of dermatitis are characterized by an itchy pink or red rash. Contact dermatitis is an allergic reaction to something that irritates the skin and is manifested by one or more lines of red, swollen, blistered skin that may itch or seep. It usually appears within 48 hours after touching or brushing against a substance to which the skin is sensitive.

The condition is more common in adults than in children. Contact dermatitis can occur on any part of the body, but it usually affects the hands, feet, and groin. Contact dermatitis usually does not spread from one person to another, nor does it spread beyond the area exposed to the irritant unless affected skin comes into contact with another part of the body. However, in the case of some irritants, such as poison ivy, contact dermatitis can be passed to another person or to another part of the body. Stasis dermatitis is characterized by scaly, greasy looking skin on the lower legs and around the ankles. Stasis dermatitis is most apt to affect the inner side of the calf. Nummular dermatitis, which is also called nummular eczematous dermatitis or nummular eczema, generally affects the hands, arms, legs, and buttocks of men and women older than 55 years of age. This stubborn inflamed rash forms circular, sometimes itchy, patches and is characterized by flares and periods of inactivity. Atopic dermatitis is characterized by itching , scaling, swelling, and sometimes blistering.

In early childhood it is called infantile eczema and is characterized by redness, oozing, and crusting. It is usually found on the face, inside the elbows, and behind the knees. Seborrheic dermatitis may be dry or moist and is characterized by greasy scales and yellowish crusts on the scalp, eyelids, face, external surfaces of the ears, underarms, breasts, and groin. In infants it is called "cradle cap." Causes and symptoms Allergic reactions are genetically determined, and different substances cause contact dermatitis to develop in different people. A reaction to resin produced by poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac is the most common source of symptoms. It is, in fact, the most common allergy in this country, affecting one of every two people in the United States. Flowers, herbs, and vegetables can also affect the skin of some people. Burns and sunburn increase the risk of dermatitis developing, and chemical irritants that can cause the condition include: chlorine glues used on artificial nails perfumes topical medications Contact dermatitis can develop when the first contact occurs or after years of use or exposure.

Stasis dermatitis, a consequence of poor circulation, occurs when leg veins can no longer return blood to the heart as efficiently as they once did. When that happens, fluid collects in the lower legs and causes them to swell. Stasis dermatitis can also result in a rash that can break down into sores known as stasis ulcers. The cause of nummular dermatitis is not known, but it usually occurs in cold weather and is most common in people who have dry skin. Hot weather and stress can aggravate this condition, as can the following: wool clothing bathing more than once a day Atopic dermatitis can be caused by allergies, asthma , or stress, and there seems to be a genetic predisposition for atopic conditions. It is sometimes caused by an allergy to nickel in jewelry. Seborrheic dermatitis (for which there may also be a genetic predisposition) is usually caused by overproduction of the oil glands. In adults it can be associated with diabetes mellitus or gold allergy. In infants and adults it may be caused by a biotin deficiency. Diagnosis The diagnosis of dermatitis is made on the basis of how the rash looks and its location.

The doctor may scrape off a small piece of affected skin for microscopic examination or direct the patient to discontinue use of any potential irritant that has recently come into contact with the affected area. Two weeks after the rash disappears, the patient may resume use of the substances, one at a time, until the condition recurs. Eliminating the substance most recently added should eliminate the irritation. If the origin of the irritation has still not been identified, a dermatologist may perform one or more patch tests. This involves dabbing a small amount of a suspected irritant onto skin on the patient's back. If no irritation develops within a few days, another patch test is performed. The process continues until the patient experiences an allergic reaction at the spot where the irritant was applied. Treatment Treating contact dermatitis begins with eliminating or avoiding the source of irritation. Prescription or over-the-counter corticosteroid creams can lessen inflammation and relieve irritation. Creams, lotions, or ointments not specifically formulated for dermatitis can intensify the irritation. Oral antihistamines are sometimes recommended to alleviate itching, and antibiotics are prescribed if the rash becomes infected.

Medications taken by mouth to relieve symptoms of dermatitis can make skin red and scaly and cause hair loss. Patients who have a history of dermatitis should remove their rings before washing their hands. They should use bath oils or glycerine-based soaps and bathe in lukewarm saltwater. Patting rather than rubbing the skin after bathing and thoroughly massaging lubricating lotion or nonprescription cortisone creams into still-damp skin can soothe red, irritated nummular dermatitis. Highly concentrated cortisone preparations should not be applied to the face, armpits, groin, or rectal area. Periodic medical monitoring is necessary to detect side effects in patients who use such preparations on rashes covering large areas of the body. Coal-tar salves can help relieve symptoms of nummular dermatitis that have not responded to other treatments, but these ointments have an unpleasant odor and stain clothing. Patients who have stasis dermatitis should elevate their legs as often as possible and sleep with a pillow between the lower legs. Tar or zinc paste may also be used to treat stasis dermatitis.

Because these compounds must remain in contact with the rash for as long as two weeks, the paste and bandages must be applied by a nurse or a doctor. Coal-tar shampoos may be used for seborrheic dermatitis that occurs on the scalp. Sun exposure after the use of these shampoos should be avoided because the risk of sunburn of the scalp is increased. Alternative treatment Some herbal therapies can be useful for skin conditions. Among the herbs most often recommended are: Burdock root (Arctium lappa) Evening primrose oil (Oenothera biennis) Nettles (Urtica dioica) Contact dermatitis can be treated botanically and homeopathically. Grindelia (Grindelia spp.) and sassafras (Sassafras albidum) can help when applied topically. Determining the source of the problem and eliminating it is essential. Oatmeal baths are very helpful in relieving the itch. Bentonite clay packs or any mud pack draws the fluid out and helps dry up the lesions. Cortisone creams are not recommended. Stasis dermatitis should be treated by a trained practitioner.

This condition responds well to topical herbal therapies, however, the cause must also be addressed. Selenium-based shampoos, topical applications of flax oil and/or olive oil, and biotin supplementation are among the therapies recommended for seborrheic dermatitis. Prognosis Dermatitis is often chronic, but symptoms can generally be controlled. Prevention Contact dermatitis can be prevented by avoiding the source of irritation. If the irritant cannot be avoided completely, the patient should wear gloves and other protective clothing whenever exposure is likely to occur. Immediately washing the exposed area with soap and water can stem allergic reactions to poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac, but because soaps can dry the skin, patients susceptible to dermatitis should use them only on the face, feet, genitals, and underarms. Clothing should be loose fitting and 100% cotton. New clothing should be washed in dye-free, unscented detergent before being worn. Injury to the lower leg can cause stasis dermatitis to ulcerate (form open sores). If stasis ulcers develop, a doctor should be notified immediately. Yoga and other relaxation techniques may help prevent atopic dermatitis caused by stress .

Avoidance of sweating may aid in preventing seborrheic dermatitis. A patient who has dermatitis should also notify a doctor if any of the following occurs: fever develops skin oozes or other signs of infection appear symptoms do not begin to subside after seven days' treatment he/she comes into contact with someone who has a wart, cold sore, or other viral skin infection Resources "Allergic Contact Dermatitis." The Skin Site. April 10, 1998 (January 11, 2006). Key terms Allergic reaction — An inappropriate or exaggerated genetically determined reaction to a chemical that occurs only on the second or subsequent exposures to the offending agent, after the first contact has sensitized the body. Corticosteriod — A group of synthetic hormones that are used to prevent or reduce inflammation. Toxic effects may result from rapid withdrawal after prolonged use or from continued use of large doses. Patch test — A skin test that is done to identify allergens. A suspected substance is applied to the skin. After 24-48 hours, if the area is red and swollen, the test is positive for that substance. If no reaction occurs, another substance is applied.

This is continued until the patient experiences an allergic reaction where the irritant was applied to the skin. Rash — A spotted, pink or red skin eruption that may be accompanied by itching and is caused by disease, contact with an allergen, food ingestion, or drug reaction. Ulcer — An open sore on the skin, resulting from tissue destruction, that is usually accompanied by redness, pain, or infection. der·ma·ti·tis der·ma·tit·i·des (der'mă-tī'tis, -tit'i-dēz), dermatitis /der·ma·ti·tis/ (der″mah-ti´tis) pl. dermati´tides inflammation of the skin. actinic dermatitis dermatitis due to exposure to actinic radiation, such as that from the sun, ultraviolet waves, or x- or gamma radiation. allergic dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis contact dermatitis due to allergic sensitization. ammonia dermatitis diaper dermatitis attributed to skin irritation, due to the ammonia decomposition products of urine.

atopic dermatitis a chronic inflammatory, pruritic, eczematous skin disorder in individuals with a hereditary predisposition to cutaneous pruritus; often accompanied by allergic rhinitis, hay fever, and asthma. berlock dermatitis , berloque dermatitis dermatitis of the neck, face, or chest, with patches or streaks, caused by exposure to perfume or other toilet articles containing bergamot oil and then to sunlight. cercarial dermatitis swimmers' itch . contact dermatitis acute or chronic dermatitis caused by substances contacting the skin; it may involve allergic or nonallergic mechanisms. dermatitis exfoliati´va neonato´rum staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome . exfoliative dermatitis virtually universal erythema, desquamation, scaling, and itching of the skin, with loss of hair. dermatitis herpetifor´mis pruritic chronic dermatitis with successive groups of symmetrical, erythematous, papular, vesicular, eczematous, or bullous lesions, usually associated with asymptomatic gluten-sensitive enteropathy.

infectious eczematous dermatitis a pustular eczematoid eruption arising from a primary lesion that is the source of an infectious exudate. insect dermatitis a transient skin eruption caused by the toxin-containing irritant hairs of insects such as certain moths and their caterpillars. irritant dermatitis a nonallergic type of contact dermatitis due to exposure to a substance that damages the skin. livedoid dermatitis local pain, swelling, livedoid changes, and increased temperature; due to temporary or prolonged local ischemia from vasculitis or from accidental arterial obliteration during intragluteal administration of medications. meadow dermatitis , meadow-grass dermatitis phytophotodermatitis with eruption of vesicles and bullae in streaks or other configurations, caused by exposure to sunlight after contact with meadow grass. photoallergic contact dermatitis , photocontact dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis caused by the action of sunlight on skin sensitized by contact with substances such as halogenated salicylanilides, sandalwood oil, or hexachlorophene.

phototoxic dermatitis erythema followed by hyperpigmentation of sun-exposed areas of the skin, due to exposure to agents containing photosensitizing substances, such as coal tar and psoralen-containing perfumes, drugs, or plants, and then to sunlight. poison ivy dermatitis , poison oak dermatitis, poison sumac dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis due to exposure to plants of the genus Rhus , which contain urushiol, a skin-sensitizing agent. schistosome dermatitis swimmer's itch . seborrheic dermatitis , dermatitis seborrhe´ica chronic pruritic dermatitis with erythema, scaling, and yellow crust on areas such as the scalp, with exfoliation of excessive dandruff. stasis dermatitis chronic eczematous dermatitis due to venous insufficiency, initially on the inner aspect of the lower leg above the internal malleolus, sometimes spreading over the lower leg, marked by edema, pigmentation, and often ulceration. swimmers' dermatitis see under itch . [dur′mətī′tis] Etymology: Gk, derma + itis, inflammation an inflammatory condition of the skin.

Various cutaneous eruptions occur and may be unique to a particular allergen, disease, or infection. The condition may be chronic or acute; treatment is specific to the cause. Some kinds of dermatitis are actinic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, rhus dermatitis, and seborrheic dermatitis . dermatitis Inflammation of the skin. See Allergic contact dermatitis , Atopic dermatitis , Caterpillar dermatitis, 'Club Med, ' Contact dermatitis, Diaper dermatitis, Estrogen dermatitis , Herpetic dermatitis, Hot tub dermatitis, Neurodermatitis , Seborrheic dermatitis , Stasis dermatitis . der·ma·ti·tis (der?ma-tit'is ) (-tit'i-dez?) plural.dermatitidesplural.dermatitises [ dermato- + -itis] An inflammatory rash marked by itching and redness.

See: eczema Etiology Dermatitis has many causes, , including contact with skin irritants (such as the oil that causes poison ivy or oak); venous stasis, with edema and vesicle formation near the ankles; habitual scratching, as is found in neurodermatitis; dry skin, as in winter itch; and ultraviolet light, as in photosensitivity reactions. Treatment When a source of dermatitis is identifiable (such as in contact dermatitis due to a detergent or topical cosmetic), the best treatment is to avoid the irritating substance and to cleanse the affected area immediately with mild soap and water. Once skin inflammation is established, topical corticosteroid ointments or systemic steroids (during extreme exacerbations), topical immunomodulator agents (in patients above age 2), weak tar preparations and ultraviolet B light therapy (to increase the thickness of the stratum corneum) and antihistamines may be used, with antibiotics reserved for secondary infections. Dermatologists may prescribe occlusive dressings intermittently to help clear lichenified skin. Patient care The patient should avoid known skin irritants. Tepid baths, cool compresses, and astringents sometimes help relieve inflammation and itch.

Moisturizing creams or lotions following bathing help to retain skin moisture, but perfumed products should be avoided. Drug therapy is administered and evaluated for desired effects and adverse reactions. The patient is taught to apply topical medications and is educated about their most common side effects. Scratching is discouraged and the fingernails kept short to limit excoriation. The patient should be made aware that drowsiness may occur with antihistamine use and that driving or operating mechanical equipment should be avoided until the extent of this effect is known. Health care professionals should be careful not to show any negative feelings when touching lesions during assessment or treatment but should follow standard precautions. Skin changes alter body image, and the patient will need assistance in accepting and coping with what he or she may view as disfigurement. Children and adolescents may require and benefit from counseling to help them deal with emotional components of their condition. ACTINIC DERMATITIS actinic dermatitis A chronic red or eczematous rash, usually on the face or exposed skin surfaces, that typically results from exposure and sensitization to ultraviolet rays. Adults over age 50 may be affected.

See: illustration Synonym: photosensitivity dermatitis allergic contact dermatitis ATOPIC DERMATITIS atopic dermatitis Chronic dermatitis of unknown cause found in patients with a history of allergy. The disease usually begins after the first 2 months of life, and those affected may experience exacerbations and remissions throughout childhood and adulthood. In many cases, there is a family history of allergy or atopy: if both parents have atopic dermatitis, the chances are nearly 80% that their children will have it, as well. Atopic dermatitis is typically found in flexural creases of the body, e.g., the antecubital and popliteal fossae. The skin lesions consist of reddened, cracked, and thickened skin that can become exudative and crusty from scratching. Scarring or secondary infection may occur. Most patients have an elevated level of immunoglobulin E in their serum. See: illustration Treatment The patient should avoid soaps and ointments. Bathing is kept to a minimum, but bath oils may help to prevent drying of the skin. Clothing should be soft textured and should not contain wool. Fingernails should be kept short to decrease damage from scratching.

Antihistamines may help reduce itching at night. Heavy exercise should be avoided because it induces perspiration. A nonlipid softening lotion followed by a corticosteroid in a propylene glycol base may effectively treat acute exacerbations; when large areas of the body are involved, oral steroids may be needed. Because of the adverse effects associated with corticosteroids, topical immunosuppressants such as tacrolimus that decrease T cell activity have been developed. Antistaphylococcal antibiotics may be needed to control secondary infection, introduced when scratching causes microfissures in the skin. illustration berloque dermatitis , berlock dermatitis A type of phytophotodermatitis with postinflammatory hyperpigmentation at the site of application of perfumes or colognes containing oil of bergamot. CONTACT DERMATITIS: Allergic reaction to topical anesthetic contact dermatitis Dermatitis due to contact with allergens or an irritating substance. Allergic contact dermatitis is caused by a T-cell–mediated hypersensitivity reaction to natural or synthetic environmental allergens. These combine with skin proteins, altering the normal autoantigens so that new, foreign antigens are created.

Nonallergic contact dermatitis, also known as irritative contact dermatitis, is usually caused by exposure to a detergent, soap, or other skin irritant. Synonym: allergic contact dermatitis dermatitis venenata (1) See: illustration Symptoms Skin changes, which appear 4 to 48 hr after exposure, depending on the degree of sensitivity to the allergen, consist of erythema, local edema, and blisters. The blisters may weep in severe cases. Most patients complain of intense itching. Signs and symptoms of the disease usually last 10 to 14 days. Re-exposure to the cause will trigger a relapse. Treatment Tepid baths, cool compresses, topical astringents (such as solutions of aluminum acetate), antihistamines, and corticosteroids all provide some relief. illustration contagious pustular dermatitis A cutaneous disease of sheep and goats transmitted to humans by direct contact. The lesion on humans is usually solitary and on the hands, arms, or face. This maculopapular area may progress to a pustule up to 3 cm in diameter and may last 3 to 6 weeks.

The etiological agent is Parapoxvirus, , a genus of poxvirus. Actinic dermatitis. poison ivy dermatitis Dermatitis resulting from irritation or sensitization of the skin by urushiol, the toxic resin of plants of the genus Toxicodendron (Rhus). There is no absolute immunity; susceptibility varies greatly, even in the same individual. Those sensitive to poison ivy may also react to contact with other plants, such as the mango rind and cashew oil. These plants contain chemicals that cross-react with the sap present in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac. Symptoms Some time elapses between skin contact with the poison and first appearance of symptoms, varying from a few hours to several days and depending on the sensitivity of the patient and the condition of the skin. Moderate itching or a burning sensation is soon followed by small blisters; later manifestations vary. Blisters usually rupture and are followed by oozing of serum and subsequent crusting. Prevention Some barrier creams have been used to prevent poison ivy dermatitis. They are sprayed on the skin prior to anticipated contact with the plant.

Treatment In mild dermatitis, antihistamines and a lotion to relieve itching are usually sufficient. In severe dermatitis, cool, wet dressings or compresses, potassium permanganate baths, and topical corticosteroids are often effective. In some instances intramuscular or oral corticosteroid therapy is used. If plant leaves are burned and the smoke inhaled, or if plant leaves are ingested, the patient should be directed to an emergency care center. Demulcents, fluids, morphine, and a high-protein, low-fat diet may be prescribed. Patient care Prevention is important in those with known sensitivity and in those with no previous contact with or reaction to the plant. Instruction of the patient focuses on helping the patient to recognize the plant, to avoid contact with it, and to wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants in wooded areas. If contact occurs, the patient should wash with soap and water immediately to remove the toxic oil. Contaminated clothing and pets also should be promptly and thoroughly washed because contact with such items may cause poison dermatitis in other members of the household. illustration Swimmer's itch.

dermatitis seborrheica An acute or subacute dermatitis of unknown cause, beginning on the scalp and/or face and in skin folds (any area where sebaceous glands are active) and characterized by rounded, irregular, or circinate lesions covered with yellow or brown-gray greasy scales. Synonym: pityriasis capitis ; seborrhea corporis ; seborrhea sicca Symptoms The scalp may be dry with abundant grayish branny scales, or oozing and crusted (eczema capitis). The rash may spread to the forehead and postauricular regions. The forehead shows scaly and infiltrated lesions with dark red bases and localized loss of hair. The eyebrows and eyelashes may have dry, dirty white scales. Inflamed skin and scales may be present on the nasolabial folds or the vermilion border of the lips. On the sternal region, the lesions are greasy to the touch. Eruptions may also appear in interscapular, axillary, and genitocrural regions. Cold winter weather may worsen the condition. Treatment When the condition is limited to the scalp, frequent shampooing and use of mild keratolytic agents are indicated.

Selenium-containing shampoos are helpful. Generalized seborrheic dermatitis requires careful attention, including scrupulous skin hygiene, frequent washing and shampooing with selenium sulfide suspension to remove scales, keeping the skin as dry as possible, and using dusting powders. Fluorinated corticosteroids may be applied topically to hairless areas, and systemic cortisone preparations may be required. The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis; it should be ruled out and neurologic conditions recognized as possible predisposing factors. Patient care The health care provider explains to the patient that the condition has remissions and exacerbations and that hormone imbalances, nutritional status, infection, and emotional stress influence its course. The patient is taught to apply prescribed corticosteroids to the body and face. Fluorinated corticosteroids should be used with caution near the eyelids, on the face, and in the groin. To avoid developing a secondary Candida yeast infection in body creases or folds, the patient is advised to cleanse these areas carefully, to dry gently but thoroughly, and to ensure that the skin is well aerated.

He or she is taught to treat seborrheic scalp conditions (dandruff) with proper and frequent shampooing, alternating two or three different types of shampoo to prevent the development of resistance to a particular product. External irritants and excessive heat and perspiration should be avoided. Rubbing and scratching the skin are discouraged because they prolong exacerbations and increase the risk for secondary infection and excoriation, esp. since scaly, pruritic lesions present in skin areas with high bacteria counts. Oral antibiotics (such as tetracycline) may be prescribed (as for acne vulgaris) in small doses over a prolonged period to reduce bacterial colonization. The patient is advised to take tetracycline at least 1 hr before or 2 hr after meals, since the drug is poorly absorbed with food. The patient also is taught about the adverse effects of the drug (photosensitivity, birth defects, nausea, vomiting, and candidal vaginitis) and their management. Adherence to the treatment regimen is stressed to achieve optimal results. Psychological support or counseling is provided as necessary to deal with related body image concerns.

STASIS DERMATITIS stasis dermatitis Eczema of the legs with edema, pigmentation, and sometimes chronic inflammation. It is usually due to impaired return of blood from the legs. Compression stockings help the rash to resolve gradually. See: illustration illustration This condition may be due to one of several fungi, including Hormodendrum pedrosoi or Phialophora verrucosa. dermatitis Inflammation of the skin from any cause. Dermatitis is not a specific disease, but any one of a large range of inflammatory disorders featuring redness, blister formation, swelling, weeping, crusting and itching. dermatitis an inflammation of the skin. dermatitis inflammation of dermis or skin (see eczema ) dermatitis, n inflammatory skin condition. Severity, duration, and treatment depend on the type (i.e., contact dermatitis and actinic dermatitis). Dermatitis. eczema An inflammatory disease of the skin characterized by a rash of red spots, rough scaling, dryness and soreness of the skin sometimes leading to the formation of blisters. It often gives rise to itching or to a burning sensation.

It may occur on the skin of the face where parts of spectacles rest. Frames should be cleaned regularly to avoid causing skin irritation. Syn. contact dermatitis. der·ma·ti·tis Seborrheic Dermatitis and Cradle Cap | Cleveland Clinic Share Facebook Twitter Linkedin Email Print What is seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is a skin condition that causes white-to-yellow greasy scales to form on the scalp, ears, and face. If it occurs on the scalp in babies, it is called "cradle cap." If it appears on the scalp in adults, it is known as dandruff. Seborrheic dermatitis can cause various areas of the skin to be flaky or itchy. It usually affects the scalp, but can also affect other parts of the body. Common sites include the sides of the nose, eyebrows, ears, eyelids, and chest. It can also occur in the navel (belly button) and in the creases of the arms, legs, or groin. What are the symptoms of seborrheic dermatitis?

Seborrhea of the scalp causes dandruff, which appears as loose, white flakes of skin that may itch. Seborrhea on other areas of the body can produce patches of skin that are red and scaly. Cradle cap in infants appears as crusty yellow or brown scales on the scalp. This scaling can also be found on the eyelids, around the nose, and in the groin, and may itch. Scratching may cause additional inflammation in the area and may cause breaks in the skin, which can lead to mild infections or bleeding. Who gets seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis occurs most often in infants younger than three months old and in adults between the ages of 30 and 60. It is more common in men than in women. What are the causes of seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis can have many different causes. Hormones may play a role. A yeast called Malassezia, which is normally present on the skin, may overgrow and cause skin problems.

Other factors that can cause seborrheic dermatitis include: Family history (other members of your family have it) Stress Infrequent shampoos or skin cleaning Using alcohol-based lotions Other skin disorders Certain conditions such as Parkinson's disease, epilepsy, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, stroke, and head injury can cause seborrheic dermatitis. How is seborrheic dermatitis diagnosed? For most patients, seborrheic dermatitis is diagnosed based on the appearance of the affected skin and where it appears on the body. There is usually no need for blood, urine, or allergy tests. If the condition does not respond to treatment, a skin biopsy or other test may be performed to rule out another disease. How is seborrheic dermatitis treated? Treatment depends on your age and the area of the body that is affected. In adolescents and adults, seborrheic dermatitis may clear up on its own. Dandruff can be treated with an over-the-counter dandruff shampoo that contains tar, salicylic acid, selenium sulfide, zinc pyrithione, or ketoconazole. The scalp and hair should be washed at least every other day.

Steroid lotions may be used to treat other affected skin areas. In babies, cradle cap usually clears up without treatment when the child is between 8 and 12 months old. It may be treated with daily cleansing, using a mild baby shampoo. Massage or brush the scalp with a soft brush several times a day and after each shampoo. Be careful not to cause a break in the skin, which can lead to infection. If the problem continues, or the baby seems uncomfortable and scratches the scalp, contact your pediatrician or dermatologist. He or she may prescribe a prescription shampoo or lotion. Other areas of affected skin may be treated with a gentle steroid lotion. What is the prognosis (outlook) for patients who have seborrheic dermatitis? In infants, cradle cap usually disappears on its own when the child is between 8 and 12 months old. In adolescents and adults, dandruff can be a lifelong condition that can be controlled with treatment. The condition improves quickly with regular treatment. See your healthcare provider if your condition doesn't respond to self-treatment, or if the affected area becomes red or painful, forms crusts, or drains fluid or pus. References American Academy of Dermatology.

Seborrheic dermatitis Accessed 11/9/2016. National Eczema Association. Seborrheic dermatitis Accessed 11/9/2016. © Copyright 1995-2016 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation. All rights reserved. This information is provided by the Cleveland Clinic and is not intended to replace the medical advice of your doctor or health care provider. Please consult your health care provider for advice about a specific medical condition. This document was last reviewed on: 11/9/2016…#14403

Question: What is the more common eight letter name of the common human condition known as Seborrheic Dermatitus ?
Answer: DANDRUFF