2. Sir Walter Raleigh's Cloak - 10 Historical Misconceptions | HowStuffWorks 2 Sir Walter Raleigh's Cloak The story goes that Sir Walter Raleigh laid his cloak over a mud puddle to keep Queen Elizabeth I from getting her feet wet. Raleigh did catch the queen's attention in 1581 when he urged England to conquer Ireland. The queen rewarded him with extensive landholdings in England and Ireland, knighted him in 1584, and named him captain of the queen's guard two years later. However, an illicit affair with one of the queen's maids of honor in 1592 did him in. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London and ultimately beheaded for treachery. The story of the cloak and the mud puddle probably originated with historian Thomas Fuller, who was known for embellishing facts. cloak spread across the puddle | WordReference Forums cloak spread across the puddle hatchoi Member Vietnamese I don't know what stories behinde this phrase "cloak spread across the puddle". I have to translate this piece into Vietnamese so would you mind explain this phrase to me?

As for the cloak spread across the puddle for the Queen, the story originated after Raleigh’s death with the historian Thomas Fuller. It only became famous as a result of Walter Scott’s 1821 Elizabethan romance, Kenilworth.. Thomas1 Senior Member polszczyzna warszawska I think that there must be some story about 'the cloak spread across the puddle for the Queen' which is ascribed to Raleigh by many people, or which he takes part in, and which was probably revealed by the historian Thomas Fuller. EDIT: here is what it means: Sir Walter Raleigh Never Laid His Cloak before the Feet of Queen Elizabeth. Seaman, courtier, explorer, poet, privateer, and soldier of fortune, Sir Walter Raleigh was unquestionably the hands-down favorite of Queen Elizabeth I, even though he was far from handsome, being endowed with a long face, a high forehead, and "pig eyes." However, that he once stepped forth from a crowd, gallantly doffed his cloak, and threw it over a mud puddle to protect the feet of the passing queen is pure fiction.

[...] The story of the cloak and the mud puddle probably originated with historian Thomas Fuller, known for his imaginative elaborations on historical fact. Later, Sir Walter Scott kept the myth alive in his 1821 Elizabethan romance, Kenilworth. "Hark ye, Master Raleigh, see thou fail not to wear thy muddy cloak," the queen exhorts Sir Walter, "in token of penitence, till our pleasure be further known." Sir Walter vows never to clean the cloak, and later the queen, delighted with his gallantry, invites him to visit the royal wardrobe keeper that he may be fitted for "a suit, and that of the newest cut." Behind Long-Loved Fables Are Great Stories! Behind Long-Loved Fables Are Great Stories! Indeed, behind long-loved fables of gallants and fairy tales, are great stories, but … are they true? Let’s take for example the fable about Sir Walter Raleigh, a very handsome gentleman, quick-witted gallant, who’s story is said to have laid down his cloak over a mud puddle when Elizabeth I, Queen of England passing by with her retinue stopped near him.

His kind gesture and courtesy did impressed the Queen which in turn gave him a much heartfelt smile of gratitude. Ain’t this not a romantic and fateful meeting of two great historic personalities? The story became very popular and much impressed the imaginary of people hearing about it, even though this great happening may have never happened! It has also been perpetuated by Sir Walter Scott in his novel Kenilworth (1821). Below is an extract of Chapter 15 where the author describes the scene. . (…) At this moment the gates opened, and ushers began to issue forth in array, preceded and flanked by the band of Gentlemen Pensioners. After this, amid a crowd of lords and ladies, yet so disposed around her that she could see and be seen on all sides, came Elizabeth herself, then in the prime of womanhood, and in the full glow of what in a Sovereign was called beauty, and who would in the lowest rank of life have been truly judged a noble figure, joined to a striking and commanding physiognomy. She leant on the arm of Lord Hunsdon, whose relation to her by her mother’s side often procured him such distinguished marks of Elizabeth’s intimacy.

The young cavalier we have so often mentioned had probably never yet approached so near the person of his Sovereign, and he pressed forward as far as the line of warders permitted, in order to avail himself of the present opportunity. His companion, on the contrary, cursing his imprudence, kept pulling him backwards, till Walter shook him off impatiently, and letting his rich cloak drop carelessly from one shoulder; a natural action, which served, however, to display to the best advantage his well-proportioned person. Unbonneting at the same time, he fixed his eager gaze on the Queen’s approach, with a mixture of respectful curiosity and modest yet ardent admiration, which suited so well with his fine features that the warders, struck with his rich attire and noble countenance, suffered him to approach the ground over which the Queen was to pass, somewhat closer than was permitted to ordinary spectators. Thus the adventurous youth stood full in Elizabeth’s eye—an eye never indifferent to the admiration which she deservedly excited among her subjects, or to the fair proportions of external form which chanced to distinguish any of her courtiers.

Accordingly, she fixed her keen glance on the youth, as she approached the place where he stood, with a look in which surprise at his boldness seemed to be unmingled with resentment, while a trifling accident happened which attracted her attention towards him yet more strongly. The night had been rainy, and just where the young gentleman stood a small quantity of mud interrupted the Queen’s passage. As she hesitated to pass on, the gallant, throwing his cloak from his shoulders, laid it on the miry spot, so as to ensure her stepping over it dry-shod. Elizabeth looked at the young man, who accompanied this act of devoted courtesy with a profound reverence, and a blush that overspread his whole countenance. The Queen was confused, and blushed in her turn, nodded her head, hastily passed on, and embarked in her barge without saying a word. “Come along, Sir Coxcomb,” said Blount; “your gay cloak will need the brush to-day, I wot.

Nay, if you had meant to make a footcloth of your mantle, better have kept Tracy’s old drab-debure, which despises all colours.” “This cloak,” said the youth, taking it up and folding it, “shall never be brushed while in my possession.” (…) Source: Kenilworth by Walter Scott. Chapter XV . … Googling about the fable on the Web brought up the trivia.library.com website on which it is said that the story probably originated with historian Thomas Fuller: ‘Sir Walter Raleigh Never Laid His Cloak Before Queen Elizabeth’ About the true story behind the myth that Sir Walter Raleigh laid his clock at the feet of Queen Elizabeth. GREAT HAPPENINGS THAT NEVER HAPPENED Seaman, courtier, explorer, poet, privateer, and soldier of fortune, Sir Walter Raleigh was unquestionably the hands-down favorite of Queen Elizabeth I, even though he was far from handsome, being endowed with a long face, a high forehead, and “pig eyes.” However, that he once stepped forth from a crowd, gallantly doffed his cloak, and threw it over a mud puddle to protect the feet of the passing queen is pure fiction.

Raleigh, who was born in Devonshire about 1552, first caught the queen’s attention in 1581, when, with great cogency and wit, he urged England to conquer Ireland. The queen rewarded Sir Walter with honors and wealth, granting him extensive landholdings and estates in England and Ireland and business monopolies in such varied enterprises as wine licenses and the export of textiles. He was knighted in 1584 and named captain of the queen’s guard two years later. But Sir Walter incurred Elizabeth’s displeasure in 1592 for an illicit love affair with one of her maids of honor. He was imprisoned in the Tower of London, later freed, and ultimately beheaded for treachery. The story of the cloak and the mud puddle probably originated with historian Thomas Fuller, known for his imaginative elaborations on historical fact. Later, Sir Walter Scott kept the myth alive in his 1821 Elizabethan romance, Kenilworth.

“Hark ye, Master Raleigh, see thou fail not to wear thy muddy cloak,” the queen exhorts Sir Walter, “in token of penitence, till our pleasure be further known.” Sir Walter vows never to clean the cloak, and later the queen, delighted with his gallantry, invites him to visit the royal wardrobe keeper that he may be fitted for “a suit, and that of the newest cut.” Source: trivia-library.com Nevertheless, I love tales and fables, be they true or untrue, as they open up a story to wonder and adventure, and are such inspiring. Enjoy! A Short Analysis of Yeats’s ‘He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’ | Interesting Literature A Short Analysis of Yeats’s ‘He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’ Posted by interestingliterature An introduction to the poem ‘He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’ by W. B. Yeats ‘He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’ is one of W. B. Yeats ‘s (1865-1939) most popular poems. It’s also one of his shortest – just eight lines in all.

Since we started to offer our own close analysis of short English poems that we believe repay closer attention, we’ve offered, among others, a short analysis of a Wilfred Owen poem, ‘Futility’ . Now, it’s Yeats’s turn. So first, here’s the poem. Had I the heavens’ embroidered cloths, Enwrought with golden and silver light, The blue and the dim and the dark cloths Of night and light and the half light, I would spread the cloths under your feet: But I, being poor, have only my dreams; I have spread my dreams under your feet; Tread softly because you tread on my dreams. Interestingly, when the poem was first published in Yeats’s third volume of poems, The Wind among the Reeds, in 1899, it appeared under the title ‘Aedh Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’, Aedh being the speaker of the poem – a pale, sensitive, Keatsian, Romantic figure of a poet.

This suggests that we are supposed to view the poem itself as slightly tongue-in-cheek, a somewhat over-the-top declaration (which casts Aedh as a sort of Sir Walter Raleigh of poetry, figuratively spreading his cloak of dreams beneath the female addressee, as Sir Walter was supposed to have laid his cloak over a puddle for Queen Elizabeth I). Even with the later change in title to ‘He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’, there is something in that title – with the use of the present tense and third-person pronoun suggesting something of the stage direction – that renders it slightly ironic. The message is straightforward, and a perennial one in poetry (and, indeed, song lyrics). The speaker, addressing his lover or would-be lover, says: if I were a rich man, I’d give you the world and all its treasures. If I were a god, I could take the heavenly sky and make a blanket out of it for you. (This is similar to the sentiment expressed by the speaker of T. E.

Hulme’s ‘The Embankment’ .) But I’m only a poor man, and obviously the idea of making the sky into a blanket is silly and out of the question, so all I have of any worth are my dreams. And dreams are delicate and vulnerable – hence ‘Tread softly’. This is a rather old idea, but what helps to make the poem striking and memorable is its use of repetition of key words: cloths (three times), dreams (three times), light (three times), spread (twice), tread (twice), under your feet (twice). (And, if we include the title, you might add an extra ‘cloths’ and count ‘heaven’ as one of the repeated words.) The rhyme of the poem supports this repetition: technically, there are no rhymes as such, merely the same words repeated at the end of lines: cloths, light, feet, dreams. This gives the words of the poem a simplicity but also a sense of familiarity, even banality: the poet is reduced to finding slightly different ways of saying the same thing.

But playing off this rhyme-that-is-not-rhyme at the end of the lines is the internal rhyme: ‘Of night and light and the half light‘, ‘I have spread my dreams under your feet; / Tread softly because you tread on my dreams’. Because this involves words which are themselves repeated, it shifts the expected rhyme (e.g. night and light at the end of the lines) to the middle of the lines, highlighting that things are not as the poet would wish them to be. Perhaps its brevity and simplicity is one reason why this Yeats poem is so loved; but our aim in this short analysis of the poem has been to bring home some of the subtler things at work in it. If you like ‘He Wishes for the Cloths of Heaven’, you might also like our analysis of ‘The Second Coming’ , as well as some of the other poems we’ve analysed, such as Hopkins’s ‘The Windhover’ and Edward Thomas’s ‘Adlestrop’ . We have more about Yeats’s beliefs here . The best edition of Yeats’s essential poetry (and some of his prose and dramatic works) is The Major Works including poems, plays, and critical prose (Oxford World’s Classics) .

It also has a very helpful introduction and copious notes. Or if you’re looking for your next poet to discover, check out our pick of Robert Burns’s best poems and the greatest Thomas Hardy poems . Our advice on how to write an English essay might also be of interest. Image: W. B. Yeats in 1911, by George Charles Beresford; Wikimedia Commons . Share this: Queen Elizabeth I | Uncyclopedia | Fandom powered by Wikia Jump to: navigation , search Fierce. Queen Elizabeth I (1533 - 1603) is considered by all reliable unbiased sources to be the greatest monarch to ever reign over England. During her time on the throne, Elizabeth made England an economic powerhouse and gave the monarchy much-needed stability. Her impact lasted for a generation. It would have lasted for much longer if it wasn't for a pompous man, Charles I, who came along in the 1600s and screwed it all up . Elizabeth's leadership, intelligence, murderous rage, and fashion sense are proof that only a woman can be trusted to run a country properly.

Contents [ show ] Early life Elizabeth Tudor was born in 1533, the daughter of King Henry VIII and his beautiful and honourable second wife, Anne Boleyn. Elizabeth's childhood should have been a perfect happily ever after life of privilege and power. Instead, her early days were an education in how all men are liars, perverts and cheats [1] . Henry VIII ruled over the entire kingdom of England. He was the head of his own church and stood as one of the most prominent figures in European politics. However, he, like most men, was ruled by his penis. As Anne was nursing her beautiful ginger baby, the king was nursing a boner and out shagging every lady in waiting in sight. All the love and affection he claimed to hold for Anne was a lie. His claims to love their female child were a lie. That time when he said he was popping down to the milkmaid's quarters to fetch some butter - that was a lie too. Their entire three years together was a lie. In 1536, Henry accused Anne of adultery, found her guilty of treason and sent her to the Tower to be beheaded. The marriage was over.

At two years old Elizabeth was left alone, motherless, neglected by her father, with only her army of governesses and servants to care for her [2] . Worse still, Elizabeth was pronounced illegitimate and stripped of the title of princess. You try telling a little girl that she's no longer a princess. Only a heartless man could do it. Life improved for Elizabeth in 1540 when Henry married his fifth wife, Katherine Howard. Katherine took a keen interest in her seven year old stepdaughter (who was also her cousin. Henry was disgusting). Katherine restored Elizabeth to the royal household. She could join family hunting trips, watch daddy sign death warrants and sit at the table for Henry's daily celebratory feast. With Katherine as Henry's queen, Elizabeth was made to feel part of a family for the first time since her dad killed her mum. Then Henry accused Katherine of adultery, found her guilty of treason and sent her to the Tower to be beheaded. Elizabeth learnt never to trust a man again [3] . Henry died soon after marrying for the sixth time. Elizabeth would then spend her teen years living with her fourth stepmother, Catherine Parr.

Unfortunately, there was also a man in the household, in the form of Catherine's pervy new husband, Thomas Seymour. Catherine Parr had always wanted to marry Seymour, but, because of sexism, she married Henry instead of her true love. She couldn't wait to marry Seymour once Henry died. Shame it wasn't really true love. Seymour had his eye on the teenage Elizabeth instead. [4] Despite Seymour's requests, Elizabeth refused to call him daddy. There were a lot of things Elizabeth refused to do for her stepfather. Seymour was a gigantic sleaze, and the experience of living with a predatory sex pest forced Elizabeth to build on her independent spirit and already healthy hatred of men. She also developed what would become a lifelong aversion to tickling. These qualities would combine to create one of history's strongest women and its greatest leader. Becoming queen Elizabeth shown at her coronation holding the sceptre and orb - the oppressive masculine cock and balls of state. While Elizabeth was fending off the advances of a 40 year old man, her little brother Edward was lording it on the throne. However, Edward did not have the strength for the role of king.

He was a sickly child, suffering from smallpox, measles, housemaid's armpit, the dreaded cringe and all kinds of flu [5] . Edward did milk it, though. He really didn't need to lay in bed all day. When Elizabeth had smallpox, she was walking around the house, ordering the servants to do the dusting, playing the lute , dancing the volta. All she had to do afterwards was put on a bit of make up to cover the scars and she looked even more fabulous than she did before. Smallpox is really nothing to make a fuss about. Edward's feigning of illness reached it's ridiculous, over-dramatic peak when he caught tuberculosis in 1553. He died on 6th July of that year. Edward was followed onto the throne by Elizabeth's sister Mary, who stands as an example of what can go wrong when a woman listens to a man. She listened to her father, she listened to her husband and, worst of all, she listened to her patriarchal medieval version of God . Mary embarked on five years of frenzied, unladylike, killing. Anyone who wasn't a Catholic was rounded up and burnt at the stake.

She also resorted to killing people by drowning them in a royal pool of wine. To commemorate this, later, Ernest Lafarge, a famous French wine-merchant, launched Bloody Mary as a premium drink for headstrong women. These methods were at least more civilised than beheading, but they still involved killing huge numbers of English women. Elizabeth was not a Catholic. She did not subjugate herself in front of the pope and throughout her life she refused to eat Jesus in wafer form. Despite her protestant beliefs, Elizabeth not only survived Mary's reign, but flourished. Her sizeable public popularity meant that Mary feared to plot against her. Moreover, Mary's alternatives in the line of succession were far from preferable. Through a combination of patience, virtue and not being French, Elizabeth emerged triumphant and was named heir to the throne. Mary died in 1558, finally putting Elizabeth into the position that she was born for. The English people now had a queen they could rely on, one who wouldn't impose a new religion on them on a randy whim, one who wouldn't abandon them due to ill health, one who wouldn't kill them all. The people were very happy.

As her coronation procession travelled through London, Elizabeth was greeted by the laughing, singing, joyous faces of little innocent children, unsullied by the realities of our chauvinist phallocentric society. For once, they had hope for a better tomorrow. Men Elizabeth never married. This was partly because of men's pathetic macho "I'm the boss" insecurities and partly because she didn't need a husband dawdling in the background, getting in the way during state business, only ever venturing an opinion in the hope that they'll stop being asked questions and then get to go home and maybe get laid. She didn't need a man to oversimplify everything and misunderstand the complexities of human society. And if she ever found a spider in the royal bathtub , she still didn't need a man; she could always call the army. Unfortunately, Elizabeth's frequent protestations against marriage didn't stop these horny pervs from trying it on with her. Philip II of Spain The king of Spain was the most high-profile of Elizabeth's suitors. As a fellow head of state he held none of the hang-ups others had about marrying his superior.

He could also sympathise with the stresses and strains that come with a hard day's work spent waving at commoners and signing death warrants. But there was something else Elizabeth and Philip had in common that was far more significant than their jobs. Philip had been married to Elizabeth's half-sister Mary . Some men have this weird sick thing for sisters, and while the Tudor girls weren't some kinky pair of twins , they clearly stimulated this sick desire in Philip. Luckily, Mary's little sister wasn't a scheming, conniving, little slut who takes pleasure in stealing other women's husbands, trampling all over the best years of their lives in the process [6] . Of course, Mary was dead by the time Philip made his advances, so it wasn't actually such a moral issue. Elizabeth still kept well clear, though. Lord Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, Baron of Denbigh. Prick. Lord Robert Dudley Robert Dudley was an English nobleman, whose family had held a great deal of power during the reign of child-king Edward VI. It could be argued that Dudley came closest to marrying Elizabeth, not least because she actually liked him. The pair met as teenagers at the Tower of London when they were both imprisoned there.

Young Robert was kept there with his family, who had supported the doomed attempt to get Lady Jane Grey on the throne. Elizabeth was kept there because of sexism. While living in the Tower, with none of the homely comforts to which they were accustomed, with their every move scrutinised by the queen's guards, with the threat of torture or execution constantly hanging over the both of them, love blossomed. That is as in emotional love, not the physical love that men only care about. However, it proved to be the sort of love found on reality television, where, once they escape to the outside world, the man goes and shags the first plastic-boobed glamour model he meets [7] . In this case, Dudley ran off and married Amy Robsart , the daughter of a Norfolk squire. But, once Elizabeth became queen, she had the last laugh. Soon after the coronation, Amy fell down a flight of stairs and broke her neck, the clumsy bitch. Dudley's love for Elizabeth was renewed and Elizabeth would thereafter use his devotion to get menial work done; employing Dudley as keeper of her horses and later in the highly-sought-after role of political minion.

The Spanish Armada A bunch of men playing in their boats with another bunch of men, impressing no one in the process. As a woman, Elizabeth knew that war solves nothing and that diplomacy and rational discussion is always the best solution to the problems that face the world. She presided over a peaceful period in her country's history, during which England only fought wars in France , Holland and one in Ireland . That was until she went to war with Spain. Having been rebuffed in his attempts to take England by marriage, in 1588 Philip II tried to take it by force. He collected a formidable group of warships, pretentiously called it the armada and pointed it at England. With her own force hastily assembled, Elizabeth rallied her brave sailors with a speech that would live long in the memories of historians and scriptwriters. “ ...I know I have the body of a weak and feeble woman; but I have the heart and stomach of a king. ” You go girlfriend! These inspirational words proved Elizabeth's qualities as a war leader: the truest test of a great monarch. Note the use of metaphor and imagery in this section of Elizabeth's remarkable address.

If it had been a man giving the speech, he'd probably just shout "Let's fucking do this!" and then perform some kind of ritualistic chest bump . That would not have been as good. Philip's fleet boasted 34 galleons. These were huge behemoths of ships, bigger than any warships that had come before them and far bigger than the English boats. Philip was clearly overcompensating for something. In practice, however, it proved that it is how you use your warships that count. Showing an all-to-predictable lack of forward planning, the Spanish sent their fleet out into a barrage of vicious storms on the eve of battle . Many ships were damaged, while others got lost and none of the stupid men onboard would ask for directions. The ships that were left were skilfully outmanoeuvred by Elizabeth's smaller, more mobile ships. Philip's mighty galleons blundered aimlessly through the battle and were unable to find the queen's flagship [8] . The Spanish force had no choice but to retreat, leaving England victorious and Elizabeth a heroine. Legacy Women can ride horses too.

The 45-year period that Elizabeth spent on the throne has come to be known as the Elizabethan era. Only Victoria, another queen, got an era named after her. It took four consecutive King Georges to merit a Georgian era, while they named James I's time as king after some bloke called Jacob . Edward VII only merited a period . Clearly, epoch-defining governance is strictly a female domain. A golden age for exploring The Elizabethan era featured a golden age for British explorers, inspired by an open-minded, adventurous queen who welcomed a broadening of her nation's horizons. For men, "trying new things" means something disgusting. For Elizabeth, however, "new things" meant America and the potato. She delivered these by humouring Sir Walter Raleigh, a talented sailor, but also a monumental show off and all-round arse. A man might have let a personal dislike of someone affect their judgement and enter into a pointless rivalry over who has the bigger penis. Elizabeth, however, recognised that she needed Raleigh's expertise if England were to capitalise on the riches of the new world. He was a cock, though.

Once, on a walk with the queen, Raleigh famously laid his cloak across a muddy puddle in a patronising attempt to save Elizabeth's shoes , as if they were all she cared about (they were the red Italian ones with an understated heel and those cute little strappy bits at the top). Elizabeth was forced to accept this gesture to protect the famed explorer's fragile ego. It did help that Raleigh had left his watch in his pocket. The result of the queen's diplomacy was an accidentally-on-purpose smashed timepiece and a controlling influence in the Americas for generations to come: not a bad result. Unfortunately, Elizabeth's appeasement of Raleigh extended to allowing him to name a state after her. Virginia was named after her moniker of "the virgin queen," a vile epithet which implied that her unmarried status was a challenge to all the men in the land. It was as if their great leader was some prize in a teen sex comedy. Elizabeth was a prize that no one was going to win. Instead Raleigh would have to settle for shagging Baron Burghley's mom . Despite the connotations of juvenile fuckery, having such a respectable and refined state christened after her is a remarkable honour. It's much better than Georgia.

A golden age for culture The Elizabethan era also coincided with a golden age for English literature, with William Shakespeare and Christopher Marlowe together producing the greatest plays ever written. There is a clear link between extraordinary literature and the presence of an intelligent, culturally literate female ruler. No one tops Elizabeth's record, with Shakespeare providing for her such timeless heroes as Juliet, Cordelia and Lady Macbeth. Elizabeth continues to inspire artists to this day with her unique blend of bravery, charisma and amazing dresses. For example, the series of Blackadder set in Elizabethan England is by far the best of the four [9] . Elizabeth is also the only person to have had two people win an Oscar for playing her. It should be noted that the bloke from the Godfather films doesn't count, because he was only based on a real person and because gangster films are stupid. Judi Dench and Cate Blanchett are better actors (not actresses!) than Pacino and Brando too, but they were overlooked for the role of Vito Corleone. Blanchett went on to secure a second Oscar nomination for playing Elizabeth, the only woman to do so for the same character.

One film is not enough for a queen who keeps on giving inspiration to independent women everywhere and will continue to do so for as long as there are men around to look stupid in comparison. See also Sir Walter Raleigh - DigitalBard Sir Walter Raleigh Jump to: navigation , search Sir Walter Raleigh lays down his cloak for Queen Elizabeth I. Sir Walter Raleigh - Known extensively for his chivalrous act of placing his cloak over a puddle in order to prevent Queen Elizabeth I from muddying her shoes. He was also a man of many talents, in his lifetime he became a poet, writer, soldier, courtier and explorer. Born in Devonshire, England in either 1552 or 1554, Raleigh was born to Walter Raleigh Sr. and Katherine Champernowne. His rise to popularity was once he returned from Ireland and became a courtier at Queen Elizabeth's court, very quickly he became a favorite of the Queen and was rewarded dearly by her. However, in 1591 he secretly married Elizabeth Throckmorton, a maid of honor at court. When Queen Elizabeth I heard of this, she was not pleased and had him imprisoned at the Tower of London.

After his release he chased his dream of finding the 'City of Gold' - Eldorado, however his attempts were unsuccessful. After Queen Elizabeth's passing, the next monarch was James I who did not like Raleigh and had him imprisoned again on the charge of plotting against the king. In 1616 he was released to lead another expedition to search for Eldorado, however he was unsuccessful again, and during that expedition he happened to have attacked a Spanish outpost, this resulted in him being imprisoned again and finally lead to his execution in 1618. Contents Early Life Sir Walter Raleigh. Very little is known about Sir Walter Raleigh's early life. There is dispute as to when he was actually born, some say it was in 1552 while others claim it was 1554. He was born, in the house of Hayes Barton, in the parish of East Budleigh, Devonshire, England, to Walter Raleigh Sr. and Katherine Champernowne. Katherine had been married earlier and from that marriage had three children, namely, Humphrey Gilbert, Adrian Gilbert and John Gilbert. And from her marriage to Walter Raleigh Sr. she gave birth to Carew Raleigh and Walter Raleigh.

Walter Raleigh maintained a great relationship with all of his brothers, however the most influential figure in his life would undoubtedly be his half-brother Sir Humphrey Gilbert . In 1568 or 1572 Raleigh went to study at the Oriel College, Oxford for a little while, and then being not even 20 years of age, he went to fight in France where the Catholics and Huguenots were engaged in a war, the Battle of Moncontour. After that Walter took up residence in the Middle Temple, however Walter, at his trial in 1603, stated that he never studied law. In 1578, Sir Humphrey Gilbert received letters patent from the Queen to sail in search of remote heathen and barbarous lands and territories not possessed by any Christian princes. Sir Humphrey was to sail as Admiral in the Anne Archer, while Raleigh captained the Falcon with Simon Fernandez as master. Raleigh eventually reached the Cape Verde Islands, after facing forty foot waves and storms that often blew the main mast level with the sea. Large numbers of the crew had died and the expedition was soon obliged to return to Plymouth.

It was 1579 and, at the age of only twenty-four, Walter already found himself in deep trouble with the Privy Council. Gilbert and Raleigh were both forbidden to sail again. Later Life Sir Walter Raleigh and Son. Sir Walter Raleigh getting executed. In 1581 Raleigh returned to England from Ireland he took up a position in Queen Elizabeth's court, he quickly became the Queen's favorite. His good looks, air of authority and eloquent manner of talk greatly attracted the Queen to him. As an important courtier he was granted (1583) a wine monopoly, was knighted (1585), and was given vast estates in Ireland. Made warden of the stanneries (the tin mines of Cornwall and Devon) in 1585, Raleigh exhibited a genuine talent for administration, but he had already alienated too many important people to achieve real political power. He was appointed captain of the queen's guard in 1587, an office significant because it required constant attendance on Elizabeth. Raleigh conceived and organized the colonizing expeditions to America that ended tragically with the “lost colony” expeditions on Roanoke Island, N.C.

He was later named a member of the commission for the defense against Spain, but it is doubtful that he participated in the naval operations against the Spanish Armada (1588). Probably because of his conflict with Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex , Elizabeth's new favorite, Raleigh left court in 1589. At Kilcolman Castle, Ireland, he became a close friend of Edmund Spenser, whose Faerie Queene, begun under the aegis of Sir Philip Sidney, was continued under Raleigh's patronage. After the queen's quarrel with Essex over the earl's marriage, Raleigh returned to prominence at court and was granted (1592) an estate at Sherborne. Later that year he set out on a privateering expedition, but he was recalled by Elizabeth and imprisoned in the Tower of London when she learned of his secret marriage to Elizabeth Throckmorton, a maid of honor at court. Late in 1592, Raleigh's expedition returned to England with a richly loaded Portuguese carrack. Disputes broke out over the division of the spoils, and Raleigh was released to quell the disturbance, thereby winning his freedom.

In 1595, Raleigh embarked on an expedition with the adventurer-scholar Laurence Kemys to find the fabled city of Eldorado. They penetrated 300 mi (480 km) up the Orinoco River into the interior of Guiana, bringing home specimens containing gold. Raleigh published his Discovery of Guiana the following year. In 1596 he commanded a squadron in the English expedition against Cádiz . Raleigh was made governor of Jersey in 1600, but his fortunes ebbed when he drifted apart from his former ally Robert Cecil (later earl of Salisbury) in the political tempest over Essex's treason and death. He met his downfall upon the accession (1603) of James I , who had been convinced by Raleigh's enemies that Raleigh was opposed to his succession. Many of Raleigh's offices and monopolies were taken away, and, on somewhat insufficient evidence, he was found guilty of intrigues with Spain against England and of participation in a plot to kill the king and enthrone Arabella Stuart. Saved from the block by a reprieve, Raleigh settled down in the Tower and devoted himself to literature and science.

There he began his incomplete History of the World. Raleigh was released in 1616 to make another voyage to the Orinoco in search of gold, but he was warned not to attack Spanish possessions or ships. The expedition failed, but Laurence Kemys captured a Spanish town. Raleigh returned to England, where the Spanish ambassador demanded his punishment. Failing in an attempt to escape to France, he was executed under the original sentence of treason passed many years before. New World Depiction of the Roanoke Colony. The aim of planting colonies in North America was an most ambitious project bequeathed to Raleigh by his half-brother, Sir Humphrey Gilbert. Sir Humphrey had tried, in 1578 and again in 1580, to set up such colonies with the services of the Portuguese pilot, Simon Fernandez. Fernandez had crossed the Atlantic and returned three months later with valuable information about the New England Coast Line. Following this, Walter helped pay for a second expedition in 1583, when Sir Humphrey set sail in the Bark Raleigh. He reached Newfoundland, but perished aboard the Squirrel near the Azores on his return.

From Durham House, Walter planned a expedition with Dr.John Dee and Thomas Harriot, one of the greatest mathematicians of the day. It sailed in May 1584 and arrived off Florida in July. They made a landing on Roanoke Island where they found a palisade village. The land was a paradise and the inhabitants friendly and, after some weeks, they persuaded two of the natives to return with them to England. They arrived safely from 'Virginia' in the September following. In 1587, Raleigh attempted another expedition, again establishing a settlement on Roanoke Island. This time, a more diverse group of settlers was sent, including some entire families, under the governance of John White. After a short while in America, White was recalled to England to find more supplies for the colony. He was unable to return the following year as planned, however, because the Queen had ordered that all vessels remain at port for potential use against the Spanish Armada . The threat of the Armada was only partially responsible for delaying White's return until 1590. After England's victory over the Spanish fleet in 1588, the ships were given permission to sail.

Unfortunately for the colonists at Roanoke, the small fleet made an excursion toward Cuba. They tried to capture the treasure-laden Spanish merchant ships reported to be proliferate in those waters at that time. White is said to have objected to this unplanned foray, but was helpless to dissuade the crews. They had been told of the enormous riches to be had by the experienced Portuguese pilot hired by Raleigh to navigate the voyage. It was not until 1590, 3 years later, that the supply vessel arrived at the colony, only to find that all colonists had disappeared. Eldorado 'City of Gold' Sir Walter Raleigh's Seal. Raleigh always had a deep desire to find Eldorado, 'The City of Gold'. When, in 1594, the reconnaissance mission to Guyana had seized Sarmiento de Gamboa, this Spanish aristocrat told Raleigh of the legend of Eldorado: the fantastic golden kingdom said to be hidden in remote South America.

The Caribbean waters were swarming with English privateers like Drake who had sacked San Domingo and Cartagena; but Sir Walter wanted to take a broader approach and establish a real English foothold on the American continent from which to make an effective challenge to Spanish power in the area. The fabled Eldorado would be an ideal base for such a grand design. His fleet sailed in 1595: four ships manned by three hundred soldiers and adventurers, including Lawrence Keymis, an Oxford mathematician who had abandoned a Balliol fellowship to join him. However he was never able to find the city and also his attack on the Spanish during this expedition ultimately resulted in his execution. Tobacco Raleigh was very fond of smoking Tobacco and it is said that it was he who made smoking tobacco popular in England and Ireland. He had many pipes, made especially for himself-silver pipes, sometimes set with gems. All over the kingdom people started imitating him. He also made use of a part of the 40,000 acres of the forfeited lands of the Desmonds, on the Blackwater in Ireland he had received in 1586 to cultivate tobacco. After his execution, a small tobacco box was found in his prison cell.

Engraved upon the box was a Latin inscription: Comes meus fuit illo miserrimo tempo (It was my companion at that most miserable time). Sir Walter Raleigh smoking his pipe. Poems Raleigh was extremely fond of writing poetry and was said to be one of the original founding members of the immortal 'Mermaid Tavern' group. He used to spend his evenings there whenever he was able to do so, talking, arguing, reading poetry and listening to others read. It is said that the great William Shakespeare was also a member of the Mermaid Tavern group. Some of Raleigh's notable works were The Nymph's Reply to the Shepherd, The Lie and What is our Life. William Shakespeare (sitting) along with Sir Walter Raleigh (standing to his left) at the Mermaid Tavern. References 1. Magnus, Philip. Maker of History - Sir Walter Raleigh. Hamen, Connecticut: Archon Books, 1968. Print. 2. Lacey, Robert. Sir Walter Raleigh. New York: Atheneum, 1974. Print. 3. Chidsey, Donald Barr. Sir Walter Raleigh, That Damned Upstart. New York: The John Day Company, 1931.

Print. 4. "History:Walter Raleigh (c.1552 - 1618)." BBC. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar 2012. < >. 5. Smith, Christopher. "Biography of Sir Walter Raleigh." Britannia Biographies. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Mar 2012. < >. Puddle jumpers | Page Six Puddle jumpers Modal Trigger Lorne Michaels WireImage Like the famous story of Sir Walter Raleigh laying his cloak over a puddle to prevent Queen Elizabeth from getting her feet wet, “Saturday Night Live” producer Lorne Michaels and other celebs needed help getting over a puddle of melted snow Saturday night. A spy at the Gansevoort Hotel reports, “Staff carried out a large piece of wood and placed it over the puddle. Lorne then got out of the car and walked over the plank on his way to the ‘SNL’ after-party at Asellina.” Another source said, “It wasn’t just for Lorne. There was a 2-foot-wide puddle, and hotel staff used the wood to cover it. All the cast and guests at the party used it.

It just happened that Lorne was one of the first people seen walking on it.” Share this: The Palace of Placentia (or Greenwich Palace) | Historic UK By Ben Johnson | Comments When one thinks of royal palaces, the first that come to mind are usually Buckingham, Windsor and Balmoral. However, with 2012 being the year when the Borough of Greenwich becomes the Royal Borough of Greenwich, we decided to take a look at the ancestor of these modern palaces; the Palace of Placentia. Although there has been a royal manor house in Greenwich since the reign of Edward Longshanks, the Palace of Placentia did not come into its own until it was granted to Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester in 1417. Humphrey was known as the 'son, brother and uncle of kings', as he was the son of King Henry IV, the brother of Henry V and the uncle of Henry VI. In 1433, Humphrey was given a grant of 200 acres of land around his Greenwich manor house to turn into a royal park (now Greenwich Park, the oldest of the royal parks).

Shortly after, he was given a further grant to completely redesign his manor house and to build a tower on the current site of the Royal Observatory (then called Greenwich Castle). Upon Humphrey's death in 1447, the newly built manor house was renamed The Palace of Placentia and transferred to the Crown's control. Although it did not immediately become the most popular palace of the Kings and Queen of England, it was close enough to the much more popular Eltham Palace to be used regularly. When King Henry VII assumed the throne of England from the House of York in 1485 , he immediately turned his sights to the Palace of Placentia and went on somewhat of a spending spree! He enlarged the palace and added a brick frontage, as well as finishing off the Tower in the Park. The Palace of Placentia during Tudor times Perhaps feeling a little bit of buyers remorse, King Henry VII spent a great deal of his time at Greenwich and it was here that his spouse, Elizabeth of York, gave birth to King Henry VIII . Henry VIII would go on to make the Palace of Placentia his primary royal palace, and often threw huge parties, banquets and jousting matches in its grounds.

The Christmas party that Henry threw in 1516 went down in legend, as this was the first masquerade party ever seen in England! As was written at the time: "The King this year kept the feast of Christmas at Greenwich, where was such an abundance of the viands served to all corners of any honest behaviour as hath been few times seen." Henry VII and Anne Boleyn at a ball in Greenwich Palace The following years saw the birth of Mary I and Elizabeth I at the Palace of Placentia. In fact, modern day visitors to Greenwich Park can still visit the tree where Queen Elizabeth 'oft partook of refreshements' in its hollowed trunk! It was also in the Palace's grounds that Sit Walter Raleigh was said to have thrown his cloak over a puddle so that Queen Elizabeth would not get her feet wet. With the increased popularity of the Palace of Placentia in Greenwich, the nearby Eltham Palace went out of favour with the royal family and fell into disrepair. Although both King James I and King Charles I continued to make the Palace their principle residence, the Parliamentary (Civil) War would soon bring an end to the favours of this old manor house.

Once Cromwell had taken control of the country, he tried to sell the Palace but to avail. Instead, he converted the entire building into a biscuit factory and then briefly a prisoner of war camp. By the time of the restoration in 1660, the Palace of Placentia had fallen into a state of disrepair. King Charles II subsequently ordered the old buildings to be demolished and in their place a 'most magnificent palace of freestone' to be built. Unfortunately only a part of this new palace was ever built (it now forms part of the University of Greenwich buildings), and by the reign of William and Mary the royal family had turned their attention to Kensington Palace and Hampton Court. The half finished Palace of Placentia shortly after the restoration. It would shortly be turned into the new Naval Hospital. The half-finished Palace of Placentia was subsequently merged into the new Naval Hospital, which later became the Royal Naval College and now the University of Greenwich and the Royal Naval Museum. Today the only part of the old Palace of Placentia that remains, is the 17th century Queen's House, which was commissioned by King James I and built by the renowned architect Inigo Jones as the first ever classical-styled building in Britain.

The Queens House Today. Photgraph © Bill Bertram 2006 Possessive (BoyxBoy) - [4] - Your What?! - Page 2 - Wattpad Possessive (BoyxBoy) Romance After Aidan Caverly witnesses a horrid crime take part, by an equally as horrid killer, his life is flipped upside down. Instead of being in fear of this, in fact, serial killer, he finds himself getting lured into his ways. The matter doesn't get a... # "If you don't get out you'll be late," he said, looking frustrated with me now. Why the hell aren't I moving? "Aiden, get out!" he growled. I flinched back but still refused to move. I looked out my side of the window and saw a few people crowding the front gates now, watching and waiting for me to get out of the car. I knew they were curious what I was doing with him but not curious enough to ask me personally. I looked to the right and saw a very angry looking Reagan standing there, with his equally as angry crew. Oh heck no, there's no way in Hell I am getting out of this car now.

With the stare down they were giving me I knew they would probably beat me to a pulp when Kieran was gone. I looked back over to Kieran, only to see he was looking over at where my previous gaze had lingered. If looks could kill... "C'mon, I'll walk you into the school," he said, getting out of the drivers seat. I unbuckled myself and before I got the chance to open the car door Kieran was already standing there, with it wide open for me. I hesitated but grabbed my school bag; exiting the car. I walked along side Kieran and we both entered the school, have the student body casting their gazes on the two of us. It's like they all knew something about him that I didn't, with the way they were looking at him. We were now standing at my locker and I looked around with unease. Kieran bend down so his lips were on my ear, I shivered at the contact. "Listen, if those fuckers decide to have a go at you just call me. You have my number, don't hesitate," he whispered then stood up straight again, leaving the school building.

He even gave some of the other students heated stares on his way out. My freaking hero. He just saved me from a potential, and possible future beatings, I say that deserves a round of applause. I could just kiss him! But I won't, mainly because I couldn't reach his face even if I had a bar stole under me and a pair of pumps on. He was just the tall. I would just have to make sure to thank him when he picked me up after school. Mrs. McMurphy was droning on and on about so American hero but I was only half listening. I was too eager to get out of this forsaken classroom and into the comforts of Kieran's presences. Sad, I know, but he had saved me today. Reagan was going to beat on me today, even after Kieran had left. I had actually thought he would beat the living out of me but he didn't, he actually did something even more unexpected. He just gave me a dark look and walked away. Reagan hadn't done anything to me, I had a peace full day at school and it was all because if Kieran. He was the reason for my peace of mind today and I was extremely grateful to him.

I just hoped he was not in the same mood he was in this morning when picking me up. That was a side of him I preferred not to see if him but I knew that was only wishful thinking. Kieran, I think, is easily tempered and there is no way of calming him when he was in one of those moods. This morning I had actually thought he would drag me out of his car if I didn't get out, but he did not do that. I was really happy about that actually. I did not want him to be ill mannered when I was with him. He was the only one, now, that I could actually tolerate. I glanced at the clock that was hanging on the wall, 10 more minutes and I would be freed from this Hell hole. Until tomorrow anyways. Then I would have to come back and endure another day of people's awkward stares, their constant gossiping - which was no doubt about me and Kieran -, and boring lessons that I would have to review by myself since this teachers were not making any sense about anything. Seriously, she needed to get her facts straight about half the stuff she was teaching.

She was actually spouting some load of bullshit about how Sir Walter Raleigh laid his cloak over a mud puddle to keep Queen Elizabeth the first from getting her feet wet and how it was to catch her attention. Raleigh did catch the queen's attention, though, in 1581 when he urged England to conquer Ireland. The queen rewarded him with extensive landholdings in England and Ireland, knighted him, and naming him captain of the queen's guard two years after that. Continue Reading the Next Part Add

Question: Who was said to have laid his cloak over a puddle for Queen Elizabeth I?
Answer: Sir Walter Raleigh