Hepatic Hemangioma: Get the Facts on Symptoms What is the treatment for hepatic hemangioma? What is a hepatic hemangioma? Hepatic hemangiomas are thought to be present in as many as 7% of healthy people. Hemangiomas are four to six times more common in women than in men. Female hormones may promote the formation and growth of hemangiomas. Hemangiomas, although referred to as tumors, are not malignant and do not become cancerous. Hemangiomas are not unique to the liver and can occur almost anywhere in the body. What are the symptoms of a hepatic hemangioma? Hemangiomas usually are small, measuring only a quarter inch in diameter, but they can be several inches in diameter or even larger. The vast majority of hemangiomas of the liver never cause symptoms or health problems. Most hepatic hemangiomas are discovered incidentally at the time of testing for unrelated medical problems, most commonly with ultrasound imaging or CT ( computerized tomography ) scanning of the abdomen. Very large hemangiomas can cause symptoms, especially if they are positioned near other organs. Pain , nausea , or enlargement of the liver can occur.

Rarely, larger hemangiomas can rupture, causing severe pain and bleeding into the abdomen that may be severe or even life threatening. How is the diagnosis of a hepatic hemangioma made? Share Your Story When a hemangioma is suspected, the challenge for the health care professional, is to be sure that it is in fact a hemangioma and not another type of tumor , particularly a malignant one. With specialized tests, however, doctors can reassure patients that the tumor is with little doubt a hemangioma. Such special testing may include scintigraphy (using a tiny amount of a radioactive substance to identify the hemangioma), CT scanning, or MRI ( magnetic resonance imaging ). In general, a biopsy of suspected hemangiomas is avoided because of their benign nature and the potential risk of bleeding from the biopsy. What is the treatment for hepatic hemangioma? hemangioma Picture Image on MedicineNet.com NEXT Hemangioma: A benign tumor formed by a collection of excess blood vessels. A hemangioma may be visible through the skin as a birthmark , known colloquially as a 'strawberry mark.' Most hemangiomas that occur at birth disappear after a few months or years.

Image Source: Color Atlas of Pediatric Dermatology Samuel Weinberg, Neil S. Prose, Leonard Kristal Copyright 2008, 1998, 1990, 1975, by the McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Source: MedTerms ™ Medical Dictionary by MedicineNet, Inc. Featured Slideshows Capillary Hemangioma: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology Capillary Hemangioma Author: Stuart Seiff, MD, FACS; Chief Editor: Hampton Roy, Sr, MD more... Share Overview Background Capillary hemangiomas are one of the most common benign orbital tumors of infancy. They are benign endothelial cell neoplasms that are typically absent at birth and characteristically have rapid growth in infancy with spontaneous involution later in life. This is in contrast to another known group of childhood vascular anomalies, vascular malformations. Vascular malformations, such as lymphangiomas and arteriovenous malformations, are present at birth and are characterized by very slow growth with persistence into adult life.

[ 1 , 2 ] Next: Pathophysiology Capillary hemangiomas are believed to be hamartomatous proliferations of vascular endothelial cells. They are now thought to be of placental origin due to a unique microvascular phenotype shared by juvenile hemangiomas and human placenta. Periorbital capillary hemangiomas follow a similar course to hemangiomas on other parts of the body. They generally exhibit 2 phases of growth, a proliferative phase and an involutional phase. The proliferative phase of rapid growth typically occurs from 8-18 months. Pathologically, it is characterized by an increased number of endothelial and mast cells, the latter being a stimulus for vessel growth. Endothelial cell proliferation returns to normal following the proliferation phase. The involutional phase is characterized by slow regression of the hemangiomas. One half of all lesions will involute by age 5 years, and 75% will involute by age 7 years. During this phase, mast cell numbers decrease to normal and there is a decrease in endothelial and mast cell activity. These vascular spaces become lined with endothelial cells without muscular support.

[ 3 ] Previous References Haik BG, Karcioglu ZA, Gordon RA, et al. Capillary hemangioma (infantile periocular hemangioma). Surv Ophthalmol. 1994 Mar-Apr. 38(5):399-426. [Medline] . Rosca TI, Pop MI, Curca M, et al. Vascular tumors in the orbit--capillary and cavernous hemangiomas. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2006 Feb. 10(1):13-19. [Medline] . Kavanagh EC, Heran MK, Peleg A, et al. Imaging of the natural history of an orbital capillary hemangioma. Orbit. 2006 Mar. 25(1):69-72. [Medline] . Fernández-Vega Cueto L, Tresserra F, de la Paz MF. De novo growth of a capillary hemangioma of the conjunctiva. Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol. 2012 Dec 20. [Medline] . Hernandez JA, Chia A, Quah BL, Seah LL.

Periocular capillary hemangioma: management practices in recent years. Clin Ophthalmol. 2013. 7:1227-32. [Medline] . [Full Text] . Weiss AH, Kelly JP. Reappraisal of astigmatism induced by periocular capillary hemangioma and treatment with intralesional corticosteroid injection. Ophthalmology. 2008 Feb. 115(2):390-397.e1. [Medline] . Goggin M. Astigmatism and periocular hemangioma. Ophthalmology. 2008 Oct. 115(10):1854-5; author reply 1855. [Medline] . Wittenberg L, Ma P. Treatment of a von Hippel-Lindau retinal capillary hemangioma with photodynamic therapy. Can J Ophthalmol. 2008 Oct. 43(5):605-6. [Medline] . Assaf A, Nasr A, Johnson T. Corticosteroids in the management of adnexal hemangiomas in infancy and childhood. Ann Ophthalmol.

1992 Jan. 24(1):12-8. [Medline] . Boon LM, MacDonald DM, Mulliken JB. Complications of systemic corticosteroid therapy for problematic hemangioma. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1999 Nov. 104(6):1616-23. [Medline] . Cruz OA, Zarnegar SR, Myers SE. Treatment of periocular capillary hemangioma with topical clobetasol propionate. Ophthalmology. 1995 Dec. 102(12):2012-5. [Medline] . Elsas FJ, Lewis AR. Topical treatment of periocular capillary hemangioma. J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. 1994 May-Jun. 31(3):153-6. [Medline] . Kushner BJ. Intralesional corticosteroid injection for infantile adnexal hemangioma. Am J Ophthalmol. 1982 Apr. 93(4):496-506. [Medline] .

O'Keefe M, Lanigan B, Byrne SA. Capillary haemangioma of the eyelids and orbit: a clinical review of the safety and efficacy of intralesional steroid. Acta Ophthalmol Scand. 2003 Jun. 81(3):294-8. [Medline] . Friling R, Axer-Siegel R, Ben-Amitai D, et al. Intralesional and sub-Tenon's infusion of corticosteroids for treatment of refractory periorbital and orbital capillary haemangioma. Eye. 2008 Nov 7. [Medline] . Thoumazet F, Léauté-Labrèze C, Colin J, Mortemousque B. Efficacy of systemic propranolol for severe infantile haemangioma of the orbit and eyelid: a case study of eight patients. Br J Ophthalmol. 2012 Mar. 96(3):370-4. [Medline] . Aletaha M, Salour H, Bagheri A, Raffati N, Amouhashemi N.

Successful treatment of orbital hemangioma with propranolol in a 5-year-old girl. Orbit. 2012 Feb. 31(1):18-20. [Medline] . Shorr N, Seiff SR. Central retinal artery occlusion associated with periocular corticosteroid injection for juvenile hemangioma. Ophthalmic Surg. 1986 Apr. 17(4):229-31. [Medline] . Weiss AH. Adrenal suppression after corticosteroid injection of periocular hemangiomas. Am J Ophthalmol. 1989 May 15. 107(5):518-22. [Medline] . Deboer MD, Boston BA. Failure-to-thrive in an infant following injection of capillary hemangioma with triamcinolone acetonide. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2008 Apr. 47(3):296-9. [Medline] . Barlow CF, Priebe CJ, Mulliken JB, et al.

Spastic diplegia as a complication of interferon Alfa-2a treatment of hemangiomas of infancy. J Pediatr. 1998 Mar. 132(3 Pt 1):527-30. [Medline] . Al Dhaybi R, Superstein R, Milet A, Powell J, Dubois J, McCuaig C, et al. Treatment of periocular infantile hemangiomas with propranolol: case series of 18 children. Ophthalmology. 2011 Jun. 118(6):1184-8. [Medline] . Missoi TG, Lueder GT, Gilbertson K, Bayliss SJ. Oral propranolol for treatment of periocular infantile hemangiomas. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Jul. 129(7):899-903. [Medline] . Fridman G, Grieser E, Hill R, Khuddus N, Bersani T, Slonim C. Propranolol for the treatment of orbital infantile hemangiomas. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg.

2011 May-Jun. 27(3):190-4. [Medline] . Ni N, Guo S, Langer P. Current concepts in the management of periocular infantile (capillary) hemangioma. Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2011 Sep. 22 (5):419-25. [Medline] . Ni N, Langer P, Wagner R, Guo S. Topical timolol for periocular hemangioma: report of further study. Arch Ophthalmol. 2011 Mar. 129 (3):377-9. [Medline] . Guo S, Ni N. Topical treatment for capillary hemangioma of the eyelid using beta-blocker solution. Arch Ophthalmol. 2010 Feb. 128 (2):255-6. [Medline] . Xue K, Hildebrand GD. Deep periocular infantile capillary hemangiomas responding to topical application of timolol maleate, 0.5%, drops. JAMA Ophthalmol. 2013 Sep.

131 (9):1246-8. [Medline] . Deans RM, Harris GJ, Kivlin JD. Surgical dissection of capillary hemangiomas. An alternative to intralesional corticosteroids. Arch Ophthalmol. 1992 Dec. 110(12):1743-7. [Medline] . Slaughter K, Sullivan T, Boulton J, et al. Early surgical intervention as definitive treatment for ocular adnexal capillary haemangioma. Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2003 Oct. 31(5):418-23. [Medline] . Media Gallery Picture of Strawberry Hemangiomas Next The hemangioma is a common type of vascular birthmark. It is usually painless and harmless and its cause is not known. Color from the birthmark comes from the extensive development of blood vessels at the site. Strawberry hemangiomas (also called strawberry mark, nevus vascularis, capillary hemangioma, hemangioma simplex) may appear anywhere on the body, but are most common on the face, scalp, back, or chest.

They consist of small, closely packed blood vessels. They may be absent at birth, and develop at several weeks. They usually grow rapidly, remain a fixed size, and then subside. In most cases, strawberry hemangiomas disappear by the time a child is 9 years old. Some slight discoloration or puckering of the skin may remain at the site of the hemangioma. Read more about causes and treatments for red birthmarks . Arterial Vascular Malformations Including Hemangiomas and Lymphangiomas Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Medical Therapy, Surgical Therapy Arterial Vascular Malformations Including Hemangiomas and Lymphangiomas Treatment & Management Updated: Jun 10, 2016 Author: Robert A Schwartz, MD, MPH; Chief Editor: Mary C Mancini, MD, PhD, MMM more... Share Treatment Approach Considerations Vascular tumors and malformations are rather unsightly lesions that often occur in children. Parents of these children often (understandably) pressure physicians to deliver definitive medical or surgical treatment.

However, the acknowledgment of the natural involution of vascular tumors (hemangiomas) in the mid-20th century has changed the way in which these lesions are managed. The medical and surgical treatments of vascular tumors are discussed below, and the way in which the involutional phase fits into the treatment plan is explained. However, less consensus surrounds the management of vascular malformations (lymphangiomas), especially in patients with diffuse disease. In patients with vascular tumors, watchful waiting is now the accepted first step in the management of nonproblematic hemangiomas because 75% of these lesions involute, leaving a minimal residual scar. Medical treatment is the first-line approach to treating potentially destructive lesions and is discussed in detail below. The technique and timing for surgical resection of hemangiomas has been a topic of contentious debate. Because in most cases, these lesions involute without intervention, the surgeon must identify situations in which excision would produce a more cosmetically acceptable result than conservative treatment. The surgeon must also choose a technique that leads to the best possible outcome (see Surgical Therapy below). Depending on the location of the lesion, surgical resection may be the initial treatment of choice.

In the past, capillary malformations were managed by using various treatment modalities, including electrocautery and cryosurgery. However, these methods have fallen out of favor because of their poor efficacy and the degree of scarring that they cause. Today, most of these lesions are treated with an argon laser or a flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser (PDL). Most surgeons agree that surgical excision of lymphangiomas is the treatment of choice in patients with localized disease. Studies have been performed to correlate the depth of the excision with the rate of recurrence. In addition, new medical treatments are being developed with encouraging results. Management of diffuse lymphatic disease has historically been surgical, and, although techniques have improved over the years, treatment still involves multiple procedures with substantial morbidity. Future and controversies To develop more effective medical treatments for vascular tumors, studies are needed to clarify the pathogenic mechanism behind the formation of sporadic hemangiomas. Cases of autosomal dominant inheritance suggest a genetic predisposition to some hemangiomas. Identification of these genetic alterations may shed light on the pathogenesis behind sporadic cases.

Because some vascular malformations spontaneously regress, evidence suggests that conservative treatment or a period of watchful waiting may be beneficial in cases in which disease is not life-threatening. The efficacy of OK-432 has been well documented for the treatment of localized lymphangioma in Japan; studies are under way in the United States. [ 37 ] A better understanding of the pathogenesis behind lymphangioma is needed to develop newer and more efficacious medical treatments. Next: References Mulliken JB, Glowacki J. Hemangiomas and vascular malformations in infants and children: a classification based on endothelial characteristics. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1982 Mar. 69(3):412-22. [Medline] . Meine JG, Schwartz RA, Janniger CK. Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome. Cutis. 1997 Sep. 60(3):127-32. [Medline] . Kihiczak NI, Schwartz RA, Jozwiak S, et al. Sturge-Weber syndrome. Cutis. 2000 Mar. 65(3):133-6.

[Medline] . Sung HM, Chung HY, Lee SJ, Lee JM, Huh S, Lee JW, et al. Clinical Experience of the Klippel-Trenaunay Syndrome. Arch Plast Surg. 2015 Sep. 42 (5):552-8. [Medline] . Metry DW, Haggstrom AN, Drolet BA, et al. A prospective study of PHACE syndrome in infantile hemangiomas: Demographic features, clinical findings, and complications. Am J Med Genet A. 2006 Mar 30. [Medline] . Bielenberg DR, Bucana CD, Sanchez R, et al. Progressive growth of infantile cutaneous hemangiomas is directly correlated with hyperplasia and angiogenesis of adjacent epidermis and inversely correlated with expression of the endogenous angiogenesis inhibitor, IFN-beta. Int J Oncol. 1999 Mar. 14(3):401-8. [Medline] . Beck L Jr, D'Amore PA. Vascular development: cellular and molecular regulation. FASEB J. 1997 Apr.

11(5):365-73. [Medline] . Razon MJ, Kraling BM, Mulliken JB, Bischoff J. Increased apoptosis coincides with onset of involution in infantile hemangioma. Microcirculation. 1998. 5(2-3):189-95. [Medline] . Bischoff J. Progenitor cells in infantile hemangioma. J Craniofac Surg. 2009 Mar. 20 Suppl 1:695-7. [Medline] . Rydh M, Malm M, Jernbeck J, Dalsgaard CJ. Ectatic blood vessels in port-wine stains lack innervation: possible role in pathogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg. 1991 Mar. 87(3):419-22. [Medline] . Itakura E, Yamamoto H, Oda Y, Furue M, Tsuneyoshi M. VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 in a series of lymphangiomas: Is superficial lymphangioma a true lymphangioma?. Virchows Arch. 2009 Mar.

454(3):317-25. [Medline] . Wang L, Gao T, Wang G. Verrucous hemangioma: A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis of 74 cases. J Cutan Pathol. 2014 Sep 26. [Medline] . Blei F, Walter J, Orlow SJ, Marchuk DA. Familial segregation of hemangiomas and vascular malformations as an autosomal dominant trait. Arch Dermatol. 1998 Jun. 134(6):718-22. [Medline] . Reimer A, Fliesser M, Hoeger PH. Anatomical patterns of infantile hemangioma (IH) of the extremities (IHE). J Am Acad Dermatol. 2016 Apr 21. [Medline] . Hershkovitz D, Bergman R, Sprecher E. A novel mutation in RASA1 causes capillary malformation and limb enlargement. Arch Dermatol Res. 2008 Aug. 300(7):385-8. [Medline] .

Chang MB, Newman CC, Davis MD, Lehman JS. Acquired lymphangiectasia (lymphangioma circumscriptum) of the vulva: Clinicopathologic study of 11 patients from a single institution and 67 from the literature. Int J Dermatol. 2016 Mar 9. [Medline] . Holmdahl K. Cutaneous hemangiomas in premature and mature infants. Acta Paediatrica Scandinavica. 1955. 44:370. Amir J, Metzker A, Krikler R, Reisner SH. Strawberry hemangioma in preterm infants. Pediatr Dermatol. 1986 Sep. 3(4):331-2. [Medline] . Jacobs AH, Walton RG. The incidence of birthmarks in the neonate. Pediatrics. 1976 Aug. 58(2):218-22. [Medline] . Filston HC. Hemangiomas, cystic hygromas, and teratomas of the head and neck. Semin Pediatr Surg. 1994 Aug.

3(3):147-59. [Medline] . Orten SS, Waner M, Flock S, et al. Port-wine stains. An assessment of 5 years of treatment. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1996 Nov. 122(11):1174-9. [Medline] . Finn MC, Glowacki J, Mulliken JB. Congenital vascular lesions: clinical application of a new classification. J Pediatr Surg. 1983 Dec. 18(6):894-900. [Medline] . Hidano A, Nakajima S. Earliest features of the strawberry mark in the newborn. Br J Dermatol. 1972 Aug. 87(2):138-44. [Medline] . Santiago MB, Lima I, Feitosa AC, Braz Ade S, Miranda LG. Pseudoclubbing: is it different from clubbing?. Semin Arthritis Rheum. 2009 Jun. 38(6):452-7. [Medline] .

Berg JN, Walter JW, Thisanagayam U, et al. Evidence for loss of heterozygosity of 5q in sporadic haemangiomas: are somatic mutations involved in haemangioma formation?. J Clin Pathol. 2001 Mar. 54(3):249-52. [Medline] . [Full Text] . Walter JW, Blei F, Anderson JL, et al. Genetic mapping of a novel familial form of infantile hemangioma. Am J Med Genet. 1999 Jan 1. 82(1):77-83. [Medline] . Pugalagiri P, Muller S, Cox DP, Kessler HP, Wright JM, Cheng YS. Lymphangioma-like Kaposi sarcoma of the oral mucosa. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2013 Jul. 116(1):84-90. [Medline] . Massa AF, Menezes N, Baptista A, Moreira AI, Ferreira EO. Cutaneous Lymphangioma circumscriptum - dermoscopic features.

An Bras Dermatol. 2015 Mar-Apr. 90 (2):262-4. [Medline] . Oiso N, Kimura M, Kawara S, Kawada A. Clinical, dermoscopic, and histopathologic features in a case of infantile hemangioma without proliferation. Pediatr Dermatol. 2011 Jan-Feb. 28(1):66-8. [Medline] . Maguiness SM, Hoffman WY, McCalmont TH, Frieden IJ. Early white discoloration of infantile hemangioma: a sign of impending ulceration. Arch Dermatol. 2010 Nov. 146(11):1235-9. [Medline] . Redondo P, Aguado L, Martínez-Cuesta A. Diagnosis and management of extensive vascular malformations of the lower limb: part I. Clinical diagnosis. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Nov. 65(5):893-906; quiz 907-8. [Medline] . Redondo P, Aguado L, Martínez-Cuesta A.

Diagnosis and management of extensive vascular malformations of the lower limb: part II. Systemic repercussions [corrected], diagnosis, and treatment. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2011 Nov. 65(5):909-23; quiz 924. [Medline] . Yilmaz T, Cikla U, Kirst A, Baskaya MK. Glioblastoma multiforme in Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2015 Apr 17. 9:83. [Medline] . Arica DA, Arica IE, Yayli S, Cobanoglu U, Akay BN, Anadolu R, et al. Spitz nevus arising upon a congenital glomuvenous malformation. Pediatr Dermatol. 2012 Feb 3. [Medline] . Bisdorff A, Mulliken JB, Carrico J, Robertson RL, Burrows PE. Intracranial vascular anomalies in patients with periorbital lymphatic and lymphaticovenous malformations.

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2007 Feb. 28(2):335-41. [Medline] . Fadell MF 2nd, Jones BV, Adams DM. Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal follow-up of rapidly involuting congenital hemangioma (RICH). Pediatr Radiol. 2011 Feb 22. [Medline] . Greinwald JH Jr, Burke DK, Sato Y, et al. Treatment of lymphangiomas in children: an update of Picibanil (OK-432) sclerotherapy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Oct. 121(4):381-7. [Medline] . Limaye N, Boon LM, Vikkula M. From germline towards somatic mutations in the pathophysiology of vascular anomalies. Hum Mol Genet. 2009 Apr 15. 18:R65-74. [Medline] . Brown SH Jr, Neerhout RC, Fonkalsrud EW. Prednisone therapy in the management of large hemangiomas in infants and children.

Surgery. 1972 Feb. 71(2):168-73. [Medline] . Schwartz RA, Sidor MI, Musumeci ML, Lin RL, Micali G. Infantile haemangiomas: a challenge in paediatric dermatology. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2010 Jun. 24(6):631-8. [Medline] . Jadhav VM, Tolat SN. Dramatic response of propranolol in hemangioma: report of two cases. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2010 Nov-Dec. 76(6):691-4. [Medline] . Chik KK, Luk CK, Chan HB, Tan HY. Use of propranolol in infantile haemangioma among Chinese children. Hong Kong Med J. 2010 Oct. 16(5):341-6. [Medline] . Khunger N, Pahwa M. Dramatic response of a large hemifacial infantile hemangioma associated with PHACE syndrome to topical timolol lotion.

Br J Dermatol. 2010 Dec 15. [Medline] . Frommelt P, Juern A, Siegel D, Holland K, Seefeldt M, Yu J, et al. Adverse Events in Young and Preterm Infants Receiving Topical Timolol for Infantile Hemangioma. Pediatr Dermatol. 2016 May 31. [Medline] . Ezekowitz RA, Mulliken JB, Folkman J. Interferon alfa-2a therapy for life-threatening hemangiomas of infancy. N Engl J Med. 1992 May 28. 326(22):1456-63. [Medline] . DI Maio L, Baldi A, Dimaio V, Barzi A. Use of flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye laser in the treatment of superficial vascular malformations and ulcerated hemangiomas. In Vivo. 2011 Jan-Feb. 25(1):117-23. [Medline] . Morelli JG, Tan OT, Yohn JJ, Weston WL. Treatment of ulcerated hemangiomas infancy.

Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1994 Oct. 148(10):1104-5. [Medline] . Steiner F, FitzJohn T, Tan ST. Ethanol sclerotherapy for venous malformation. ANZ J Surg. 2014 Sep 2. [Medline] . Pires AM, Reinehr C, Boff F, Nazar FL. Intralesional bleomycin sclerotherapy of lymphangioma: partial response to treatment. Dermatol Surg. 2015 Jan. 41 (1):175-7. [Medline] . Park CO, Lee MJ, Chung KY. Treatment of unusual vascular lesions: usefulness of sclerotherapy in lymphangioma circumscriptum and acquired digital arteriovenous malformation. Dermatol Surg. 2005 Nov. 31(11 Pt 1):1451-3. [Medline] . Gottschling S, Schneider G, Meyer S, et al. Two infants with life-threatening diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis treated with cyclophosphamide. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2006 Feb.

46(2):239-42. [Medline] . Kennedy TL, Whitaker M, Pellitteri P, Wood WE. Cystic hygroma/lymphangioma: a rational approach to management. Laryngoscope. 2001 Nov. 111(11 Pt 1):1929-37. [Medline] . Mulliken JB, Rogers GF, Marler JJ. Circular excision of hemangioma and purse-string closure: the smallest possible scar. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2002 Apr 15. 109(5):1544-54; discussion 1555. [Medline] . Riechelmann H, Muehlfay G, Keck T, et al. Total, subtotal, and partial surgical removal of cervicofacial lymphangiomas. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Jun. 125(6):643-8. [Medline] . Shumaker PR, Dela Rosa KM, Krakowski A.

Treatment of Lymphangioma Circumscriptum Using Fractional Carbon Dioxide Laser Ablation. Pediatr Dermatol. 2013 Jun 12. [Medline] . Media Gallery Fully developed vascular tumor on trunk of infant. Large vascular tumor encompassing upper extremity and portions of trunk, clinically diagnosed. Lower extremity port-wine stain in patient with Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome. of 3 14 Most Bizarre Medical Conditions on Earth | First to Know 14 Most Bizarre Medical Conditions on Earth Tweet on Twitter WARNING: You may find the above images unsettling, but we believe it is important to help shed some light on these conditions and make people more aware. When most people think of a medical condition, they typically don’t imagine maggot infestations in someone’s mouth or people whose skin resembles the bark of trees. Some of us here in the office may suffer from the occasional acne breakout, restless leg syndrome or allergy attacks, but as annoying as these things may be, they don’t compare to any of the afflictions listed here. Just when you think you’ve heard and seen it all, there come along bizarre medical conditions like these.

Our bodies may be vessels of extraordinary evolution and biological complexity, but things don’t always go as planned. Sometimes, the human body begins to attack itself because of a genetic mutation or is attacked by other organisms. The rare and little-understood medical conditions these people suffer from baffle even the most renowned specialists, and for many of them, there is no known cure-all treatment. Today, modern science is working to help society better understand these disorders. Also, through exploration, we can begin to grasp the full potential of the human body. Despite living with such bizarre medical conditions, these people often display unusual tenacity and grace — something that is rare even among those not suffering from something as debilitating as progeria, a rare genetic condition that produces rapid aging in children. A brief description of the medical conditions listed above: Cutaneous horns – precancerous skin growth. Hypertrichosis aka “Werewolf Syndrome” – a blanket medical term that refers to excessive body hair. Noma – a severe disfiguring gangrene of the mouth and face that starts as a gingival ulcer and spreads rapidly through the tissues. Macrodactyly – defined as abnormally large fingers or toes from birth due to overgrowth of underlyingbone and soft tissue.

Polyostotic Fibrous Dysplasia – A disorder that features the replacement of multiple areas of bone by fibrous tissue, which may cause fractures and deformity of the legs, arms, and skull. Progeria – a rare genetic condition that produces rapid aging in children. Epidermodysplasia Verruciformis – an extremely rare autosomal recessive genetic hereditary skin disorder associated with a high risk of carcinoma of the skin. The people resemble bark of trees . Maggot Infestation – the image above is the mouth of a man who suffers from a Sarcophagid fly larvae infestation. Polymelia – the presence of accessory limbs attached to various body regions. Diprosopus – a congenital defect also known as craniofacial duplication. In the most extreme instances, the entire face is duplicated, hence the name diprosopus, which is Greek for two-faced. Haemangioma – a condition that causes abnormalities in the capillaries and veins in his face. Hidrocefalia – a buildup of fluid inside the skull that leads to brain swelling. Hydrocephalus means “water on the brain.” Neurofibromatosis – a genetic condition which causes uncontrollable growths along the nerves.

Do you know anyone who suffers from any of these bizarre medical conditions? Know of one that’s stranger than the ones we listed? Let us know in the comments. Consuming Human Flesh, Glass and 8 Other Bizarre Eating Habits Xylophagia is a condition where someone has the habit of eating wood. Trichophagia Trichophagia People with trichophagia compulsively eat hair. This hair eventually collects in the gastrointestinal tract causing symptoms such as indigestion and stomach pain, which often leads to a surgical procedure to remove the hair ball. Urophagia Urophagia Does drinking urine really promote good health? Urophagia is the consumption of urine – yours or someone else’s. It’s generally considered harmless since the urine of healthy individuals is sterile. For its advocates, it is a miraculous elixir that has replaced morning coffee as their first drink of the day; for others, it is considered bodily waste. Hyalophagia Hyalophagia How can someone physically eat glass? Hyalophagia is a pathological disorder, also considered a form of pica.

It goes without saying that hyalophagia is highly dangerous, as eating it may cut open the stomach, intestines, and throat as it passes through the system. Coprophagia Coprophagia Although extremely uncommon in humans, coprophagia (the practice of eating feces), is often only diagnosed when the act begins disturbing a person’s functioning. Anthropophagy Anthropophagy This one is probably better known as cannibalism. In the past, anthropophagy was practiced in the Amazon Basin, Europe, and was/is usually used in rituals associated with tribal warfare. Autosarcophagy Autosarcophagy There are some people who will engage in self-mutilation through autosarcophagy, or self-cannibalism. For example, there are individuals who eat their own skin. And we’re not referring to simply biting the skin on the sides of your fingernails, either. On January 13, 2007, a Danish artist, Marco Evaristti, hosted a dinner party and served meatballs made with the artist’s own fat, leftobers from a liposuction operation.

Necrophagia Necrophagia This is another one that isn’t very common: eating dead human flesh. But for those who engage in this practice, it is incredibly habitual. SHARE

Question: In the human body, and Infantile Haemangioma is better known by what name?
Answer: Strawberry mark