WATERGATE ANONYMOUS SOURCE WATERGATE ANONYMOUS SOURCE ï¿½DEEP THROATï¿½ COMES FORWARD June 1, 2005 The mystery man who helped the Washington Post unravel the Watergate scandal that forced President Nixon to resign in 1974 has come forward. Mark Felt, a 91-year-old retiree, was the number two at the FBI when men paid for by President Nixon's reelection committee broke into the Democratic National Headquarters at the Watergate complex in Washington, DC. He gave secret information to reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein that encouraged them to follow the trail from a seemingly insignificant burglary to a cover-up organized by the Nixon administration. The Post's articles eventually led Congress to investigate the White House and proceed with hearings that would have led to impeachment. Woodward first referred to the anonymous source as "my friend," but a Post editor renamed the source in honor of a pornographic film of that name that was then a national sensation. Felt's grandson Nick Jones, a 23-year-old law student, explained that his grandfather was ill and had finally agreed to come forward.

"As he recently told my mother, 'I guess people used to think Deep Throat was a criminal, but now they think he's a hero.' " The Watergate scandal began with a simple burglary on June 17, 1972. Five men were arrested in the act of breaking into the headquarters of the Democratic National Committee in Washington's Watergate hotel and office building. A few days later the burglars were connected to E. Howard Hunt, a former White House aide, and to G. Gordon Liddy, a lawyer for the Committee for the Reelection of President Nixon. Despite the ties to his campaign, the president repeatedly denied any involvement in the affair. That November President Nixon won reelection to the White House by a landslide, but the story of Watergate would not go away. Throughout the summer of 1973, Congress held dramatic televised hearings that slowly drew out the truth.

1 Republican Howard Baker of Tennessee crystallized the issue with one simple question: ï¿½What did the president know, and when did he know it?ï¿½ Through the hearings and stories that appeared in the Washington Post and other newspapers, it became increasingly clear that President Nixon and his aides had broken one law after another to try and cover up their involvement. They paid "hush" money to keep it quiet. They tried to use the CIA to block the FBI's investigation. They invoked "national security" and "executive privilege" to shield themselves from the investigation. And they lied under oath to Congress. Then in July, came a critical break and a shocking disclosure. President Nixon had installed recording devices in the Oval Office so that historians could study his presidency. Congress said the White House had to turn over the tapes, but President Nixon refused, citing executive privilege. A constitutional confrontation had begun. For the first time in history, a committee of Congress took the President to court. After a bitter struggle for the tapes, the Supreme Court ordered the president to surrender all the tapes. On August 5th, newly released transcripts of the secret Oval Office tape recordings proved beyond a doubt the president, himself, had conspired in the cover-up.

Three days later, Richard Nixon resigned. A month later, President Gerald Ford pardoned the disgraced Richard Nixon for all offenses against the United States, but many of the president's closest aides went to jail. Possible motivations? Although some Washington insiders are skeptical that Felt is the only person who leaked confidential information, he did have access to some 1,500 FBI interview files, and knew all the agents who were involved in the investigation of the Watergate affair. But the question remains: why did he talk to Woodward? In 1992, journalist James Mann cited Felt as a suspect in an article for The Atlantic Monthly, in which he theorized that Deep Throat's motive was to defend the institutional power and integrity of the FBI. Felt spent more than 30 years at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and was devoted to its legendary director, J. Edgar Hoover. When Hoover died in May 1972, President Nixon went outside the agency for a new chief. Hoover had spent decades telling presidents what to do. Suddenly, veterans like Felt were being told what to do by the Nixon White House, and did not like it, according to Mann.

John O'Connor friend of the Felt family, who wrote the Vanity Fair article said Felt was a whistleblower who thought what President Nixon had done was wrong. ï¿½He sees this as a way to honor all the people below him who served in the Bureau and were incorruptible through a very, very tough time in our nation's history,ï¿½ he said. 2 In their book, "All The President's Men," Woodward and Bernstein painted Deep Throat as a colorful character, "an incurable gossip, careful to label rumor for what it was, but fascinated by it." They added: "He could be rowdy, drink too much, overreach. He was not good at concealing his feelings, hardly ideal for a man in his position.

Of late, he had expressed fear for the future of the executive branch, which he was in a unique position to observe." --Compiled by Leah Clapman for NewsHour Extra ï¿½ 2005 MacNeil/Lehrer Productions 3 Watergate scandal source 'Deep Throat' dies at 95 - World - CBC News Watergate scandal source 'Deep Throat' dies at 95 Posted: Dec 19, 2008 5:29 AM ET Last Updated: Dec 19, 2008 5:26 AM ET Related Stories Deep Throat cashes in In this Jan. 20, 1958, picture, Salt Lake FBI chief Mark Felt shows off his pistol skills. ((Deseret Morning News/Howard Moore/Associated Press)) The man who revealed himself as "Deep Throat" 30 years after he tipped off reporters to the Watergate scandal that toppled President Richard Nixon has died. W. Mark Felt died Thursday in Santa Rosa, Calif., after suffering from congestive heart failure for several months, said family friend John D.

O'Connor, who wrote the 2005 Vanity Fair article uncovering Felt's secret. Felt was 95. Felt, who served as the FBI's deputy associate director at the time of the Watergate scandal, served as the anonymous source used by the Washington Post in its coverage of Watergate that eventually led to the resignation of Nixon in 1974. Felt had insisted that his alter ego be kept secret when he leaked damaging information about Nixon and his aides to Post reporter Bob Woodward. Felt became a mysterious central figure in the one of the most gripping political dramas of the 20th century. It was a secret he kept until 2005, when his family persuaded him to reveal himself as Deep Throat. Carl Bernstein, who along with Woodward, broke many of the Watergate stories in the Post, confirmed Felt's claims. Woodward and Bernstein had said they would only identify their source when he died. Joan Felt and her father Mark Felt appear in front of their home in this May 31, 2005, file photo, in Santa Rosa, Calif. ((Ben Margot/Associated Press)) Felt had long been suspected of being the source.

He was first identified as Deep Throat in 1992 by author Ronald Kessler in an Atlantic Monthly article. Nicknamed after a porn movie popular at the time, Deep Throat's role in Watergate was divulged in Woodward and Bernstein's book All the President's Men. A 1976 film of the same name won an Academy Award for its screenplay. Felt was born in Twin Falls, Idaho, and worked for an Idaho senator during graduate school. After law school at George Washington University he spent a year at the Federal Trade Commission. Felt joined the FBI in 1942 and worked as a Nazi hunter during the Second World War. He left the FBI in 1973. Felt is survived by two children, Joan Felt and Mark Felt Jr., and four grandchildren. His wife, Audrey Felt, died in 1984. With files from the Associated Press Watergate Scandal - History Dictionary Watergate is a building in Washington DC where the Democratic National Committee had their headquarters. See photo above. In a Nutshell — What Happened? In 1972, five men were arrested for breaking into the Watergate building, for theft and wiretapping.

From left: James McCord, Jr., Virgilio Gonzalez, Frank Sturgis, Eugenio Martinez, and Bernard Barker Investigations finally found out that the break-in was ordered. Additionally, various other crimes were exposed, such as political espionage and corruption. In the end, Nixon resigned and Gerald Ford became the next president. Nixon Resigns in Tears ï¿½ 1974 Online Photograph. Encyclopï¿½dia Britannica. Here is President Ford's Pardon Speech for which he received a lot of criticism. For more about Nixon's end of it, and for a Watergate Timeline, go here: Who Were the Plumbers? "Plumbers" was the name for a White House Special Investigations Unit established in 1971. The Unit was under the direction of Egil "Bud" Krogh. According to the Jimmy Carter Library, "The unit was to investigate the leaks of top-secret government documents, particularly the Pentagon Papers, to the press. The president considered this task critical to national security.

Nixon said he wanted the unit headed up by a "real son of a bitch." He got the studious, zealous, and loyal-to-a-fault Bud Krogh instead." In newspaper accounts, on December 7, 1972, Kathleen Chenow, a White House secretary, confirms the existence of a "Plumbers Unit" in the White House as an internal investigative unit. She stated that its members were David R. Young, G. Gordon Liddy, E. (Everette) Howard Hunt, and Egil Krogh. She states that the unit was investigating leaks to the news media. On December 8, 1972, in Chicago, Illinois, a United Airlines jet crashes killing Dorothy Hunt, the wife of E. Howard Hunt. FBI agents at the scene recover $10,000 in one hundred dollar bills found in the pocket book of Mrs. Hunt. What gave? According to the FBI Watergate Summary, John D. Ehrlichman, the Chief Counsel to the President and later Assistant to the President for Domestic Affairs, established the in-house investigative unit officially titled "The White House Special Investigations Unit," later to be known as the "Plumbers Unit".

Ehrlichman is alleged to have approved the office burglary of Dr. Fielding, the psychiatrist to Daniel Ellsberg, which took place on September 3-4, 1971. Ehrlichman resigned on April 30, 1973, at the same time that the President fired John Dean and also accepted the resignation of H.R. Haldeman. Who Was Deep Throat? Deep Throat was the alias for W. Mark Felt, an FBI agent. He leaked information to Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein. Deep Throat's identity wasn't revealed until the year 2005 when Vanity Fair magazine dropped the bomb in their July issue. W. Mark Felt was on Larry King Live in 2006, talking for the first time publicly about Watergate. Felt died on December 18, 2008, at the age of 95. This from Associated Press: Joan Felt and and her father Mark Felt look towards the media gathered in front of their home on May 31, 2005, in Santa Rosa, Calif.

Mark Felt, 91, was second-in-command at the FBI in the early 1970s. Felt claims he was 'Deep Throat,' the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about President Nixon's Watergate cover-up to The Washington Post, his family said. (AP Photo/Ben Margot) The Watergate Scandal was made into a movie in All the President's Men with Dustin Hoffman as Carl Bernstein and Robert Redford as Bob Woodward. Richard G. Kleindienst, who was Nixon's attorney general for less than a year in the Watergate era and who pleaded guilty, died on February 4, 2000, of lung cancer, at his home in Prescott, Arizona. He was 76. According to the Gerald R. Ford Museum, the character of Jim Phelps in the television series Mission Impossible played by Peter Graves was based on Everette Howard Hunt, Jr. E. Howard Hunt was a CIA operative who took part in the 1954 coup in Guatemala and the 1961 Bay of Pigs invasion of Cuba. Hunt also wrote spy novels. Peter Graves is Jim Phelps, a tribute to E. Howard Hunt, Jr.

Photo by Gene Trindl, ï¿½1978 Gene Trindl, Image courtesy mptvimages.com More Papers The National Archives in Washington released a batch of over 10,000 pages of documents from the Nixon presidency. What are we looking at? Mark Felt, aka Deep Throat, gets excellent recommendations from various individuals and people are urging President Nixon to make him the new FBI director. But Nixon skips Felt and appoints L. Patrick Gray instead. Gray resigns a year later because of allegations he had destroyed Watergate documents. This from Reuters: Nixon's secret Watergate testimony ordered released More than 36 years later, the secret grand jury testimony of President Richard Nixon in the Watergate scandal was ordered released on Friday by a federal judge because of its significance in American history. [...] Nixon's grand jury transcript will not be released immediately because the government will have the opportunity to appeal. A Justice Department spokesman said government lawyers were reviewing the ruling. Reuters article . November 10, 2011 Update — Thanks to the historian Stanley Kutler, University of Wisconsin, who sued to obtain a closer look at the Nixon / Watergate mess, the National Archives has released more documents for us.

Included are transcripts of President Nixon's grand jury testimony of June 23-24, 1975, and associated material. You can read everything online. What's of special interest? Famous head scratcher was the 18-1/2 minute gap on tapes of Nixon's White House conversations. The conversation was between Nixon and his chief of staff, H.R. Haldeman, after the break-in. Did it include incriminating information about the break-in at Democratic National Headquarters by his campaign operatives? And did Nixon's assistant, Rose Mary Woods, erase the conversation when she was transcribing the tapes? The content of the conversation has never been revealed. Nixon swore it was an accident that tapes had been erased. "Rose had thought it was four minutes ... and now the counsel have found that it is eighteen and a half minutes, and I practically blew my stack," Nixon told the grand jury. Yet, some portions of the grand jury testimony are still classified to safeguard national security or the privacy of people who are still alive. W. Mark Felt Revealed as Deep Throat Question: Who was Deep Throat in the Watergate Scandal?

Answer: Deep Throat, the code name used by the source who helped Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein exposed the cover-up surrounding the 1972 break in of Democratic National Committee at the Watergate hotel and office complex. This event lead to the eventual resignation (the first ever resignation) of President Richard Nixon. The source that lead Woodward and Bernstein to the scandal was a top FBI official named Mark Felt. Felt’s identity remained Washington’s greatest mystery for over 30 years until May 31, 2005. The 91-year-old former agent who arranged secret meetings with Woodward at an underground garage at great risk to his career, revealed in a Vanity Fair article he was indeed 'Deep Throat.' Felt was the bureau’s second- and third-ranking FBI official during Nixon’s time in office. It was a period when the Bureau was engaged in turf wars with the administration and Felt was concerned the Nixon camp was pressuring the Justice Department and other agencies to achieve their own agenda.

continue reading below our video Profile of Deep Throat Frustrated by administration stonewalling of the FBI’s investigation into the Watergate break in and angry over White House demands regarding the Bureau’s investigation, Felt decided to go to Bernstein. According to the Nixon tapes (the secret recordings of meetings held in the Oval Office) the President was highly suspicious of Felt and wanted to “fire the whole goddamn Bureau.” The “Deep Throat” pseudonym was a resonant, almost comical name, inspired by a 1972 pornographic movie of the same name that set box office records. I was Deep Throat, says top FBI man | US news | The Guardian Watergate I was Deep Throat, says top FBI man Former FBI official Mark Felt, who outed himself as Deep Throat, the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about Watergate.

Photograph: AP Wednesday 1 June 2005 06.14 EDT First published on Wednesday 1 June 2005 06.14 EDT Close This article is 11 years old One of the most enduring mysteries of the 20th century was finally solved yesterday with the unmasking of Deep Throat, the legendary source who leaked the secrets of the Watergate scandal and helped bring down President Richard Nixon. The mystery man is Mark Felt , who was number two at the FBI at the time of the scandal. He ended 33 years of silence with the words: "I'm the guy they used to call Deep Throat", telling Vanity Fair magazine he was the government source for the Washington Post reporters, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, who broke the Watergate story. After hesitating for several hours, the Washington Post confirmed Mr Felt's identity on its website last night. Mr Woodward said the FBI veteran had helped the newspaper's investigation of corruption in the Nixon administration because of "tense relations" between the bureau and the White House at the time.

Meeting Mr Woodward in an underground garage and other secluded locations, Mr Felt guided the Washington Post reporters along a trail from a little-noticed burglary of Democratic party offices in Washington's Watergate complex in June 1972 to uncover a scandal of extraordinary government corruption which led to the fall of President Richard Nixon two years later. According to the Vanity Fair article, Mr Felt had initially been reluctant to make his role public, but had been convinced to do so by his family. Mr Felt, now 91 and in poor health, appeared at the door of his home in Santa Rosa California, yesterday, to wave to reporters. His grandson, Nick Jones, said: "The family believes my grandfather, Mark Felt Sr, is a great American hero who went well above and beyond the call of duty at much risk to himself to save his country from a horrible injustice." Ben Bradlee, the Washington Post editor at the time of Watergate, said he was initially told that Deep Throat had a senior position in the FBI and only learnt his name in 1974, within a few weeks of President Nixon's resignation.

However, he felt he knew enough to gamble the newspaper's reputation by printing such controversial stories "The number two guy at the FBI - that was a pretty good source," Mr Bradlee said last night. "I knew the paper was on the right track." Trying to guess Deep Throat's identity had been a Washington parlour game for years, and Mr Felt was frequently mentioned as having both the necessary access to information and a motive. He had been passed over for leadership of the FBI in 1972 when J Edgar Hoover died, and feared the bureau would fall under the political sway of the Nixon White House. Leonard Garment, President Nixon's former White House lawyer, told the Guardian last night that he was not surprised by the news. "I was close but no cigar," Mr Garment said, arguing that Mr Felt's role was part of a wider struggle for power between the FBI and the White House. Asked what he thought of Mr Felt's role as government mole, Mr Garment was ambivalent. "That's too hard to get into a few sentences," he said. "It all depends on where you stand. What you think about sources depends on how you feel about what they're leaking and on where one's loyalty lies.

Everyone has reasons for leaking. And Mark Felt had his reasons." The Woodward and Bernstein book on the Watergate saga, All the President's Men, and the subsequent film of the same title made Deep Throat and his mantra "Follow the money" legends in US politics and journalism. To arrange meetings with Deep Throat, Mr Woodward would stick a red flag in a flower pot on the balcony of his flat. Mr Felt would respond by marking the morning edition of the New York Times delivered to the journalist's home with a drawing of a clock face on page 20, giving him the time of the rendezvous. The Vanity Fair article which broke the story yesterday was written by John O'Connor, who stumbled on the story by chance. He was an acquaintance of Mr Felt's grandson and the family contacted him when they convinced the elderly FBI official that the time had come to break his silence. Until recently, Mr O'Connor wrote, Mr Felt was torn over the ethics of what he had done.

"Felt, having long harboured the ambivalent emotions of pride and self-reproach, has lived for more than 30 years in a prison of his own making, a prison built upon his strong moral principles and his unwavering loyalty to country and cause," he said. "But now, buoyed by his family's revelations and support, he need feel imprisoned no longer." The Watergate Story - The Washington Post TIMELINE 1968 November 5 - Richard Milhous Nixon, the 55-year-old former vice president who lost the presidency for the Republicans in 1960, reclaims it by defeating Hubert Humphrey in one of the closest elections in U.S. history. Post Story 1969 January 21 - Nixon is inaugurated as the 37th president of the United States. Post Story 1970 July 23 - Nixon approves a plan for greatly expanding domestic intelligence-gathering by the FBI, CIA and other agencies. He has second thoughts a few days later and rescinds his approval. 1971 June 13 - The New York Times begins publishing the Pentagon Papers - the Defense Department's secret history of the Vietnam War.

The Washington Post will begin publishing the papers later that same week. September 3 - The White House "plumbers" unit - named for their orders to plug leaks in the administration - burglarizes a psychiatrist's office to find files on Daniel Ellsberg, the former defense analyst who leaked the Pentagon Papers. 1972 June 17 - Five men, one of whom says he used to work for the CIA, are arrested at 2:30 a.m. trying to bug the offices of the Democratic National Committee at the Watergate hotel and office complex. Post Story June 19 - A GOP security aide is among the Watergate burglars, The Washington Post reports. Former attorney general John Mitchell, head of the Nixon reelection campaign, denies any link to the operation. Post Story August 1 - A $25,000 cashier's check, apparently earmarked for the Nixon campaign, wound up in the bank account of a Watergate burglar, The Washington Post reports. Post Story September 29 - John Mitchell, while serving as attorney general, controlled a secret Republican fund used to finance widespread intelligence-gathering operations against the Democrats, The Post reports.

Post Story October 10 - FBI agents establish that the Watergate break-in stems from a massive campaign of political spying and sabotage conducted on behalf of the Nixon reelection effort, The Post reports. Post Story November 7 - Nixon is reelected in one of the largest landslides in American political history, taking more than 60 percent of the vote and crushing the Democratic nominee, Sen. George McGovern of South Dakota. Post Story 1973 January 30 - Former Nixon aides G. Gordon Liddy and James W. McCord Jr. are convicted of conspiracy, burglary and wiretapping in the Watergate incident. Five other men plead guilty, but mysteries remain. Post Story April 30 - Nixon's top White House staffers, H.R. Haldeman and John Ehrlichman, and Attorney General Richard Kleindienst resign over the scandal. White House counsel John Dean is fired. Post Story May 18 - The Senate Watergate Committee begins its nationally televised hearings. Attorney General-designate Elliot Richardson taps former solicitor general Archibald Cox as the Justice Department's special prosecutor for Watergate.

Post Story | Post Analysis June 3 - John Dean has told Watergate investigators that he discussed the Watergate cover-up with President Nixon at least 35 times, The Post reports. Post Story June 13 - Watergate prosecutors find a memo addressed to John Ehrlichman describing in detail the plans to burglarize the office of Pentagon Papers defendant Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist, The Post reports. Post Story July 13 - Alexander Butterfield, former presidential appointments secretary, reveals in congressional testimony that since 1971 Nixon had recorded all conversations and telephone calls in his offices. Post Story July 18 - Nixon reportedly orders the White House taping system disconnected. July 23 - Nixon refuses to turn over the presidential tape recordings to the Senate Watergate Committee or the special prosecutor. Post Story October 20 - Saturday Night Massacre: Nixon fires Archibald Cox and abolishes the office of the special prosecutor. Attorney General Richardson and Deputy Attorney General William D. Ruckelshaus resign. Pressure for impeachment mounts in Congress. Post Story November 17 - Nixon declares, "I'm not a crook," maintaining his innocence in the Watergate case.

Post Story December 7 - The White House can't explain an 18 ½-minute gap in one of the subpoenaed tapes. Chief of Staff Alexander Haig says one theory is that "some sinister force" erased the segment. Post Story 1974 April 30 - The White House releases more than 1,200 pages of edited transcripts of the Nixon tapes to the House Judiciary Committee, but the committee insists that the tapes themselves must be turned over. Post Story July 24 - The Supreme Court rules unanimously that Nixon must turn over the tape recordings of 64 White House conversations, rejecting the president's claims of executive privilege. Post Story July 27 - House Judiciary Committee passes the first of three articles of impeachment, charging obstruction of justice. August 8 - Richard Nixon becomes the first U.S. president to resign. Vice President Gerald R. Ford assumes the country's highest office. He will later pardon Nixon of all charges related to the Watergate case. Post Story 2002 June 13 - Stanley L. Greigg, 71, the former Democratic National Committee official who filed the original criminal complaint against the Watergate burglars, dies in Salem, Va.

Post Story June 25 - One week after the 30th anniversary of the Watergate break-in, an alternative theory of what prompted the most famous burglary in American political history returns to U.S. District Court. Post Story 2003 February 10 - Ronald Ziegler, 63, who as President Richard M. Nixon's press secretary at first described the Watergate break-in as a "third-rate burglary," a symbol of his often-testy relations with reporters, dies after a heart attack. He once was suspected of being "Deep Throat." April 8 - In one of the largest such purchases in American history, the University of Texas at Austin buys the Watergate papers of Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein for $5 million, the university announced. Post Story July 16 - Chesterfield Smith, 85, a prominent Florida lawyer who, as president of the American Bar Association in 1973, became a critic of President Richard Nixon's efforts to avoid the stains of the Watergate scandal, dies in a hospital in Coral Gables, Fla., after a heart attack.

Post Story July 27 - Thirty years after the Senate select committee hearings on Watergate riveted the nation and doomed the Nixon presidency, a key figure in the scandal says he has a fresh and explosive revelation: Richard M. Nixon personally ordered the burglary of Democratic headquarters at the Watergate complex. August 24 - John J. Rhodes, 86, an Arizona Republican who as minority leader of the House of Representatives played a critical role in the events leading to the 1974 resignation of President Richard M. Nixon, dies of cancer at his home in Mesa, Ariz. Post Story October 31 - Thomas F. McBride, 74, an associate prosecutor in the Watergate investigation and former inspector general of the Agriculture and Labor departments, dies of a cerebral hemorrhage while walking his dog in a park near his home in Portland, Ore. November 13 - Congressional negotiators agree to undo part of a Watergate-era law that prevented former president Richard M. Nixon from taking his tapes and papers with him, but say the records would still have to be processed here before being released to establish the presidential library that Nixon and his family always wanted.

Post Story December 11 - National Archives and Records Administration releases 240 more hours of tape of the 37th president. Post Story 2004 April 9 - Helen M. Smith, 84, who worked at the White House as press secretary and trusted aide to first lady Pat Nixon during the turbulent Watergate years, dies of vascular disease at her home in Washington. Post Story May 27 - Transcripts of telephone conversations released show President Richard M. Nixon jokingly threatened to drop a nuclear bomb on Capitol Hill in March 1974 as Congress was moving to impeach him over the Watergate scandal. Post Story May 29 - Archibald Cox, 92, the Harvard law professor and special prosecutor whose refusal to accept White House limits on his investigation of the Watergate break-in and coverup helped bring about the 1974 resignation of President Richard M. Nixon, dies at his home in Brooksville, Maine. Post Story May 29 - Samuel Dash, 79, the chief counsel of the Senate Watergate Committee whose televised interrogation into the secret audiotaping system at the White House ultimately led to President Richard M.

Nixon's resignation, dies of multiple organ failure May 29 at Washington Hospital Center. Post Story July 29 - Frederick Cheney LaRue, 75, the shadowy Nixon White House aide and "bagman" who delivered more than $300,000 in payoffs to Watergate conspirators, dies of coronary artery disease in a Biloxi, Miss., motel room, where he lived. Post Story 2005 January 22 - Rose Mary Woods, 87, the Nixon White House secretary whose improbable stretch was supposed to account for part of an 18 ½-minute gap in a crucial Watergate tape, dies at a nursing home in Alliance, Ohio, where she lived. Post Story February 4 - Thousands of pages of notes, memos, transcripts and other materials collectively known as the Woodward and Bernstein Watergate Papers opens to the public at the University of Texas, minus the most fascinating detail connected to the demise of the Nixon administration: the identity of Deep Throat.

Post Story February 5 - James Joseph Bierbower, 81, a well-known Washington lawyer who represented Nixon campaign aide Jeb Stuart Magruder during the Watergate trials and EPA official Rita Lavelle during a Superfund inquiry, dies at Charlotte Hall Nursing Home in St. Mary's County. Post Story February 18 - Robert R. Merhige Jr., a judge who who wrote the decision that threw out the appeals of Watergate figures G. Gordon Liddy, Bernard Barker and Eugenio Martinez after they were convicted of breaking into the office of Daniel Ellsberg's psychiatrist dies. Post Story May 31 - The Washington Post confirms that W. Mark Felt, a former number-two official at the FBI, was Deep Throat, after Vanity Fair magazine identified the 91-year-old Felt, now a retiree in California, as the long-anonymous Watergate source. Post Story July 6 - L. Patrick Gray, the acting director of the FBI who passed its investigative reports on the Watergate scandal to the White House, and who was left to "twist slowly, slowly in the wind" by President Richard M.

Nixon, died July 6 at his home in Atlantic Beach, Fla., at age 88 Post Story 2006 May 16 - Martin F. Dardis, who connected the Watergate burglars to President Nixon's Committee to Reelect the President, died of vascular disease May 16 at a nursing home in Palm City, Fla., at age 83 Post Story July 17 - Robert C. Mardian, the attorney for President Richard Nixon's Committee to Re-Elect the President whose conviction of conspiracy to obstruct justice in the Watergate scandal was overturned on appeal, dies at age 82 at his home in San Clemente, Calif. Post Story 2007 January 27 - E. Howard Hunt, the former CIA agent who organized the Watergate break-in and other "dirty tricks" that ultimately brought down the Nixon presidency, dies of complications from pneumonia at a hospital in Miami at age 88. Post Story 2008 April 25 - DeVan L. Shumway, the spokesman for the Committee to Re-Elect the President who staunchly defended the Nixon administration throughout the Watergate scandal, dies in Baltimore of lung disease at age 77.

Post Story Watergate Scandal - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com Google Watergate: The Break-In The origins of the Watergate break-in lay in the hostile politics of the 1960s. By 1972, when Republican President Richard Nixon (1913-1994) was running for reelection, the United States was embroiled in the Vietnam War (1955-1975) and deeply divided internally. In such a harsh political climate, a forceful presidential campaign seemed essential to the president and some of his key advisers. Their aggressive tactics included what turned out to be illegal espionage. In May 1972, as evidence would later show, members of Nixon’s Committee to Re-Elect the President (known derisively as CREEP) broke into the Democratic National Committee’s Watergate headquarters, stole copies of top-secret documents and bugged the office’s phones. Did You Know? Young Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein deserve a good deal of the credit for uncovering the details of the Watergate scandal.

Their reporting won them a Pulitzer Prize and was the basis for their best-selling book “All the President’s Men.” Much of their information came from an anonymous whistleblower they called Deep Throat, who in 2005 was revealed to be W. Mark Felt, a former associate director of the FBI. The wiretaps failed to work properly, however, so on June 17 the group returned to the Watergate building. As the prowlers were preparing to break into the office with a new microphone, a security guard noticed that they had taped the building’s locks. The guard called the police, who arrived just in time to catch the spies red-handed. It was not immediately clear that the burglars were connected to the president, though suspicions were raised when detectives found copies of the reelection committee’s White House phone number among the burglars’ belongings. In August, Nixon gave a speech in which he swore that his White House staff was not involved in the break-in. Most voters believed him, and in November the president was reelected in a landslide. Watergate: The Cover-Up It later came to light that Nixon was not being truthful.

A few days after the break-in, for instance, he arranged to provide hundreds of thousands of dollars in “hush money” to the burglars. Then, he and his aides hatched a plan to instruct the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to impede the FBI’s investigation of the crime. This was a more serious crime than the break-in: It was an abuse of presidential power and a deliberate obstruction of justice. Meanwhile, seven conspirators were indicted on charges related to the Watergate affair. At the urging of Nixon’s aides, five pleaded guilty and avoided trial; the other two were convicted in January 1973. By that time, a growing handful of people—including Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, trial judge John J. Sirica and members of a Senate investigating committee—had begun to suspect that there was a larger scheme afoot. At the same time, some of the conspirators began to crack under the pressure of the cover-up. Some of Nixon’s aides, including White House counsel John Dean, testified before a grand jury about the president’s crimes; they also testified that Nixon had secretly taped every conversation that took place in the Oval Office.

If prosecutors could get their hands on those tapes, they would have proof of the president’s guilt. Nixon struggled to protect the tapes during the summer and fall of 1973. His lawyers argued that the president’s executive privilege allowed him to keep the tapes to himself, but Sirica, the Senate committee and an independent special prosecutor named Archibald Cox were all determined to obtain them. When Cox refused to stop demanding the tapes, Nixon ordered that he be fired, leading several Justice Department officials to resign in protest. (These events, which took place on October 20, 1973, are known as the Saturday Night Massacre.) Eventually, Nixon agreed to surrender some—but not all—of the tapes. Early in 1974, the cover-up began to fall apart. On March 1, a grand jury appointed by a new special prosecutor indicted seven of Nixon’s former aides on various charges related to the Watergate affair. The jury, unsure if they could indict a sitting president, called Nixon an “unindicted co-conspirator.” In July, the Supreme Court ordered Nixon to turn over the tapes.

While the president dragged his feet, the House of Representatives voted to impeach him for obstruction of justice, abuse of power, criminal cover-up and several violations of the Constitution. Finally, on August 5, Nixon released the tapes, which provided undeniable evidence of his complicity in the Watergate crimes. In the face of certain impeachment by the Senate, the president resigned on August 8. Six weeks after the new president Gerald Ford (1913-2006) was sworn in, he pardoned Nixon for any crimes he had committed while in office. Some of Nixon’s aides were not so lucky: They were convicted of very serious offenses and sent to federal prison. Nixon himself never admitted to any criminal wrongdoing, though he did acknowledge using poor judgment. His abuse of presidential power had a negative effect on American political life, creating an atmosphere of cynicism and distrust. While many Americans had been deeply dismayed by the outcomes of the Vietnam War, Watergate added further disappointment in a national climate already soured by the difficulties and losses of the past decade.

Tags Watergate "Deep Throat" Mark Felt Dies Watergate "Deep Throat" Mark Felt Dies 2008-12-19 21:09:36 Xinhua/Agencies Former FBI official W. Mark Felt waves to reporters in Santa Rosa, California. An article written in Vanity Fair magazine reveals that Felt was 'Deep Throat', the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about Richard Nixon's Watergate cover-up to the Washington Post. [File Photo: Xinhua/Reuters] W. Mark Felt, the former FBI second-in-command who became known as "Deep Throat," -- the nickname for the anonymous source who tipped off reporters to the Watergate scandal that toppled Richard Nixon锟斤拷s presidency -- has died. He was 95. Felt died Thursday of congestive heart failure at his home in Santa Rosa, California, according to his daughter, Joan Felt. Felt, a former associate director at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, secretly guided Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein as they pursued stories stemming from the 1972 break-in at the Democratic Party National Committee headquarters.

President Nixon ultimately resigned in 1974 as a consequence of the White House role in the scandal and in the cover-up that followed. Felt insisted on remaining completely anonymous, or on "deep background." A Washington Post editor dubbed him "Deep Throat," a bit of wordplay based on the title of a pornographic movie of the time. The identity of Felt remained a secret until May 2005, when Woodward and Bernstein confirmed revelations published in an article in the July issue of Vanity Fair. I'm the guy they used to call Deep Throat," Felt told the Vanity Fair for article, creating a whirlwind of media attention. As early as October 1972, Nixon himself voiced suspicion that Felt may be leaking information to the press and Attorney General Richard Kleindienst had pressured FBI Acting Director L. Patrick Gray to fire his deputy. Felt denied his role repeatedly and stayed at the FBI until his retirement in June 1973. Watergate "Deep Throat" Mark Felt dies_English_Xinhua Photo Gallery>>> BEIJING, Dec. 19 (Xinhuanet) -- W.

Mark Felt, the former FBI second-in-command who became known as "Deep Throat," -- the nickname for the anonymous source who tipped off reporters to the Watergate scandal that toppled Richard Nixon锟斤拷s presidency -- has died. He was 95. Felt died Thursday of congestive heart failure at his home in Santa Rosa, California, according to his daughter, Joan Felt. Felt, a former associate director at the Federal Bureau of Investigation, secretly guided Washington Post reporters Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein as they pursued stories stemming from the 1972 break-in at the Democratic Party National Committee headquarters. President Nixon ultimately resigned in 1974 as a consequence of the White House role in the scandal and in the cover-up that followed. Felt insisted on remaining completely anonymous, or on "deep background." A Washington Post editor dubbed him "Deep Throat," a bit of wordplay based on the title of a pornographic movie of the time. The identity of Felt remained a secret until May 2005, when Woodward and Bernstein confirmed revelations published in an article in the July issue of Vanity Fair.

"I'm the guy they used to call Deep Throat," Felt told the Vanity Fair for article, creating a whirlwind of media attention. As early as October 1972, Nixon himself voiced suspicion that Felt may be leaking information to the press and Attorney General Richard Kleindienst had pressured FBI Acting Director L. Patrick Gray to fire his deputy. Felt denied his role repeatedly and stayed at the FBI until his retirement in June 1973. (Agencies) "Deep Throat" in Watergate scandal unveiled WASHINGTON, May 31 (Xinhuanet) -- Finally, the best-kept secret in American journalism is out 锟斤拷 the identity of "Deep Throat," the man who helped unravel the Watergate scandal. The Washington Post confirmed Tuesday that W. Mark Felt, a 91-year-old retiree and once the No. 2 man at the FBI, was the legendary "Deep Throat" source in its coverage of the Watergate scandal that eventually led to the resignation of former president Richard Nixon.

Full story Ex-FBI official claims to be "Deep Throat" WASHINGTON, May 31 (Xinhuanet) -- Finally, the best-kept secret in American journalism is out 锟斤拷 the identity of "Deep Throat," the man who helped unravel the Watergate scandal. The Washington Post confirmed Tuesday that W. Mark Felt, a 91-year-old retiree and once the No. 2 man at the FBI, was the legendary "Deep Throat" source in its coverage of the Watergate scandal that eventually led to the resignation of former president Richard Nixon. Full story "Deep Throat" signs movie deal with Tom Hanks to tell Watergate story BEIJING, June 17 -- Former FBI agent Mark Felt, 91, who last month revealed he was Deep Throat, the key secret source in the Watergate scandal, has signed book and film deals for around one million dollars and Tom Hanks will produce the movie, his publisher said on Thursday.

Peter Osnos, publisher of PublicAffairs, said the book was provisionally titled "A G-Man's Life: The FBI, Being 'Deep Throat' and the Struggle for Honor in Washington." Full story Editor: Wang Yan The history: Washington Post, Watergate, and the fall of Richard Nixon - The Globe and Mail World Reporters Bob Woodward, right, and Carl Bernstein, whose reporting of the Watergate case won a Pulitzer Prize, sit in the newsroom of the Washington Post, May 7, 1973. W. Mark Felt, a former FBI official claims he was "Deep Throat," the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about President Nixon's Watergate coverup to The Washington Post, Vanity Fair reported Tuesday May 31, 2005. (AP) Reporters Bob Woodward, right, and Carl Bernstein, whose reporting of the Watergate case won a Pulitzer Prize, sit in the newsroom of the Washington Post, May 7, 1973. W.

Mark Felt, a former FBI official claims he was "Deep Throat," the long-anonymous source who leaked secrets about President Nixon's Watergate coverup to The Washington Post, Vanity Fair reported Tuesday May 31, 2005. (AP)

Question: What was the nickname of the anonymous source who leaked the Watergate scandal?
Answer: Deep Throat