Queen Victoria: Biography on Undiscovered Scotland Note About Image Copyright Victoria lived from 24 May 1819 to 22 January 1901 and was Queen of the United Kingdom from 20 June 1837 until her death. She was also made Empress of India on 1 May 1876. The last monarch of the House of Hanover, she ruled for 63 years and 7 months, the longest period of rule of any British monarch: and she lent her name to one of the most distinctive periods of British history, the Victorian era. The wider picture in Scotland at the time is set out in our Historical Timeline. Victoria was the only child of the Duke of Kent and Strathearn, who in turn was the fourth son of King George III and Queen Charlotte. George III's eldest son, the Prince of Wales, only had one child, and when she died in 1817, the remaining unmarried sons of George III set out to do their duty and ensure the future of the dynasty.

Though 50 years old, the Duke of Kent and Strathearn married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, and their only child, Princess Victoria of Kent, was born in Kensington Palace, London, on 24 May 1819. Victoria was less than a year old when her grandfather George III died, and her uncle George IV succeeded to the throne. And she was eleven when George IV died, to be succeeded by the 64 year-old William IV. William had no legitimate children, and Victoria suddenly found herself to be heir to the throne. In response, Parliament passed the Regency Act 1830, stipulating that Victoria's mother, the Duchess of Kent and Strathearn, would act as Regent if Victoria succeeded to the throne before she was 18. On 20 June 1837, just a month after Victoria's 18th birthday, William IV died from heart failure and Victoria became Queen of the United Kingdom. Tradition prevented a female inheriting William's other title of King of Hanover, so this went to another of her uncles.

On 10 February 1840, Queen Victoria married her first cousin, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha: his father was her mother's brother. They had first met when Victoria had been 16. William IV had opposed the idea of marriage between the two, but of course no longer had a say after 1837. Many feel that Albert entered into the marriage more for status and duty than love: but whatever his reasons, theirs proved a very happy and successful marriage with Albert, entitled Prince Consort, becoming Victoria's most important adviser as well as her husband. Victoria and Albert had nine children together, the first being Princess Victoria, who was born on 21 November 1840. Early in Victoria's pregnancy she was subjected to an assassination attempt when Edward Oxford tried to shoot her while she was riding in a carriage with Albert. The would-be assassin's bullets missed. This set something of a trend for the rest of Victoria's reign. There were two further assassination attempts in 1842; others in 1849 and 1850, and a final attempt in 1872. All involved handguns.

Early in her reign Victoria fell in love with Ireland, spending her holidays there: and her affections were returned by the Irish people. However, the potato blight that first struck in 1845 caused widespread famine, which was made much worse by the delayed response of the British Government: which took three years to repeal the Corn Laws that prevented the import of cheap grain into Ireland. Over a period of four years, a million Irish died of starvation and another million emigrated. Queen Victoria personally donated £5,000 towards famine relief in Ireland: though this has to be set alongside the £14,000 raised by Irish soldiers serving in India, and $710 and a quantity of grain donated by the Choctaw Indians. Victoria made an official visit to Ireland in 1849, but was unable to repair the damage that had been done to the reputation of the government. The famine was to mark the start of a steep decline in Irish regard for the Union. Partly because of this, the Dublin Corporation refused to congratulate Victoria's son, the Prince of Wales, on his marriage in 1863 and, in 1864, on the birth of his son.

In response to what she saw as Dublin's snub, Victoria refused to visit Ireland, and in particular rejected advice to establish a royal residence there. Many feel the stance she took contributed considerably to the process that would lead to Irish independence in 1922. Scotland, which had only been visited twice by reigning monarchs in the previous two centuries, fared rather better from Victoria's attention. In 1848 Victoria and Albert took out a long term lease on Balmoral Castle, in Deeside, which they purchased in 1852 for £31,500 and later significantly extended. They then spent part of each Summer in Balmoral, something made possible by the coming of the railways to Britain. Prince Albert died on 14 December 1861. Victoria was devastated and entered a semi-permanent state of mourning that meant she wore black for the remainder of her life. She became a near-recluse, becoming known as the "Widow of Windsor".

Victoria's only relief from her mourning for Albert was offered by the company of one of her personal servants, John Brown, a Scot who tended the Queen's pony at Balmoral and subsequently becam a personal servant wherever she was living. John Brown died in 1883, but even during his lifetime there were raised eyebrows about the closeness of his relationship with the Queen, and some even referred to Victoria, behind her back, as "Mrs Brown" (which became the title of a recent film about the relationship). Indeed there were later rumours that the two had actually married in secret, rumours that came to the fore again when in late 2006 it was reported that a late senior member of the Royal Family had said that documents confirming a marriage had many years earlier turned up in the Royal archives at Windsor, and been destroyed. The Royal Titles Act 1876 made Queen Victoria Empress of India, a title invented to ensure that she would not seem to be outranked by her eldest daughter, also Victoria, who was married to the heir of the newly proclaimed German Empire. Victoria celebrated her Golden Jubilee in 1887 and her Diamond Jubilee in 1897.

She died from a cerebral hemorrhage on 22 January 1901 at Osborne House on the Isle of Wight. She was succeeded by King Edward VII who, taking his dynastic title from his father's side, became the first monarch of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha. Victoria - On This Day On This Day Full Name: Victoria [Alexandrina Victoria] Nationality: English Profession: Queen of the United Kingdom Why Famous: Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20th June 1837 until her death in 1901. She inherited the throne at the age of 18 and became a national icon. Her reign of 63 years and seven months, which is longer than that of any other British monarch and the longest of any female monarch in history, is known as the Victorian era. It was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.

Died: January 22 , 1901 (aged 81) Articles on Victoria March 27, 1878 Married Life 1840-02-10 British Queen Victoria (20) marries her cousin Albert (20) of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, later the Prince Consort at St James' Palace Historical Events in the Life of Victoria 1837-06-20 Queen Victoria at 18 ascends British throne following death of uncle King William IV.

She ruled for 63 years ending in 1901 1837-07-13 Queen Victoria is 1st monarch to live in present Buckingham Palace 1838-06-28 Coronation of Queen Victoria in Westminster Abbey, London 1842-05-30 John Francis attempts to assassinate Queen Victoria 1843-04-06 William Wordsworth is appointed British Poet Laureate by Queen Victoria 1857-06-26 The first 62 recipients are awarded the Victoria Cross for valour in the Crimean war by Queen Victoria 1857-12-31 Queen Victoria chooses Ottawa as new capital of Canada 1858-01-25 Mendelssohn's "Wedding March" first played, at wedding of Queen Victoria's daughter Princess Victoria, to crown prince of Prussia 1858-08-16 Britain's Queen Victoria telegraphs US President James Buchanan 1861-05-13 Queen Victoria announces Britain's position of neutrality 1867-04-23 Queen Victoria & Napoleon III turn down plans for a

 channel tunnel 1867-05-20 Royal Albert Hall of Arts & Sciences foundation laid by Queen Victoria 1871-03-29 Royal Albert Hall opened by Queen Victoria in London 1877-01-01 England's Queen Victoria proclaimed empress of India 1882-03-02 Queen Victoria narrowly escapes assassination when Roderick Maclean shoots at her while boarding a train in Windsor.

1882-05-06 Epping Forest, England, dedicated by Queen Victoria 1882-08-14 Queen Victoria recieves Zulu chief Cetewayo 1886-09-06 Queen Victoria establishes Distinguished Service Order (DSO) 1887-06-21 Britain celebrates golden jubilee of Queen Victoria 1888-09-06 Queen Victoria grants William Mackinnon's Imperial British East Africa Company political & commercial rights 1889-10-29 Queen Victoria grants Cecil Rhodes rights to Zambezia 1896-09-22 Queen Victoria surpasses her grandfather King George III as the longest reigning monarch in British history. 1899-04-18 The St. Andrew's Ambulance Association is granted a Royal Charter by Queen Victoria.

1899-04-24 Transvaal British Uitlanders ask Queen Victoria for aid 1901-01-22 After 63 years Britain stops sale of Queen Victoria postage stamps series & begins King Edward VII series 1901-02-02 Queen Victoria's funeral takes place in St.

George's Chapel 2015-09-09 Queen Elizabeth II becomes Great Britain's longest-reigning monarch at 63 years and seven months, beating the previous record set by her great-great-grandmother, Queen Victoria Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819-1901) - Victoria - Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819-1901) - Victoria - 1841-08-23 Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819-1901) Victoria - dated 23 Aug 1841 Etching on India laid paper | RCIN 605973 Queen Victoria, Queen of the United Kingdom (1819-1901) Victoria - dated 23 Aug 1841 References Description Etching of Victoria, Princess Royal and Empress of Germany as princess. Whole length as an infant with frilled cap and gown, with nurse. Vignette with English inscription below. A second state of RCIN 816163 and another impression of RCIN 816165.

An etching showing the infant Victoria, Princess Royal, sitting in her nurse's lap and being fed with a bottle. After RCIN 980024.d and the same subject as in ASE 40. She is shown facing left in profile and is wearing a frilled bonnet. Inscribed below: Victoria – Inscribed lower left: VR del 23 /8 1841. Queen Victoria's first etching was made on 28 August 1840, under the guidance of Sir George Hayter who was working on his oil painting of the marriage of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert (RCIN 407165) at the time. Hayter was responsible for the acid-biting of all of the early plates but was soon replaced in this task by Queen Victoria's dresser, Marianne Skerrett. The London dealers and publishers Colnaghi & Co were also used for some of the more complicated plates.

A printing press was set up at Buckingham Palace in 1840 by the firm of Holdgate but some of the royal couple's plates were also printed by a Mr Brown of Castle-Street, Windsor, in the autumn of that year Queen Victoria's first child Victoria, Princess Royal was born on 21 November 1840. The nursery life of the growing brood of royal children offered the young queen a wealth of inspiration for her own painting, drawing and etching. Scott-Elliott no. 42 h2g2 - Queen Victoria: 1840 - 1861 - the Victoria and Albert Years - Edited Entry Princess Victoria first met her cousin and future husband, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, when she was 16 years old. They met again when she was 19 and a queen. Betraying her innermost feelings, she described him thus: Excessively handsome , such beautiful eyes ... my heart is quite going! As he was of lower social standing than herself, it was Queen Victoria who did the proposing. Albert accepted; his family had engineered the match. The couple enjoyed each other's company and seemed happy together.

Jane Bidney of Beer in Devon was commissioned to hand-make 1 the lace trimming for the wedding dress. The work took six months to complete and cost £1,000. On 10 February, 1840, Queen Victoria married her charming prince at the Chapel Royal in St James' Palace. First Assassination Attempt While the Queen was expecting her first baby, the Royal couple were driving through London in her carriage when two bullets were fired at it. Though shaken, the Queen was uninjured. The would-be assassin, Edward Oxford, 18, was tried for high treason, declared insane and sent to Broadmoor Hospital. Given the option of release if he emigrated, he bought a one-way-passage ticket to Australia . Penny Black Also in 1840, the first postage stamps were issued. The black-and-white stamps bore a portrait of Queen Victoria's head in profile and cost a penny , giving rise to their nickname 'Penny Black'. Prior to this, all mail items had to be paid for upon delivery, so it was to be hoped that one didn't have too many admirers.

Sex The Queen greatly enjoyed the sexual freedom her marriage brought her, although she resented the natural conclusion: pregnancy. She hated being pregnant and consulted doctors in an effort to find out how not to conceive . What she didn't know - and her medical people couldn't bring themselves to tell her - was that condoms were widely available. Made from a sheep's bladder and tied on with ribbon, they were known as 'armour' due to the fact that they were protection from venereal diseases for upper-class men. So to recommend them for the Queen would have been out of the question. Children The royal couple went on to have nine children : Victoria, Albert Edward (who became Edward VII 2 ), Alice, Alfred, Helena, Louise, Arthur, Leopold and Beatrice. The fact that the 5-feet-tall Queen was able to deliver nine healthy babies is testament to her strength and tenacity. In those days - even with the best medical attention - women were lucky to survive childbirth and the child mortality rate was high.

Prince Albert as a father was a strict disciplinarian, and in Queen Victoria's eyes he could do no wrong, as she stated in a letter to her oldest son Albert Edward: None of you can ever be proud enough of being the child of such a father who has not his equal in this world - so great, so good, so faultless. Ireland and a Million Dead Queen Victoria fell in love with Ireland early in her reign. She took holidays there, and her affections were returned by the Irish people. However, the potato blight of 1845 caused widespread famine , and the late response of the British Government made matters worse. They took three years to repeal the Corn Law which prevented the import of cheap grain into Ireland. A million Irish people died of starvation or hunger-related diseases over a period of four years, and another two million destitutes had to leave their homes for pastures new. Although Queen Victoria personally donated £5,000 towards famine relief, this was far outshone by the £14,000 raised by Irish soldiers serving in India, and even the Choctaw Indians donated a quantity of grain and $710 cash.

The tragedy had taken place within the United Kingdom, while other parts of the Kingdom were the richest in the world. A later official royal visit failed to repair the damage to the relationship between the Queen (the British figurehead) and the people of the fair Emerald Isle. The Influence of Albert Queen Victoria loved Christmas all her life, recording gifts received in her childhood meticulously and descriptively in her journal. When she married Prince Albert, many German Christmas traditions were adopted into Royal family life. Prince Albert decorated the private family Christmas tree with strings of dried fruit, bonbons, wax dolls and painted unshelled walnuts. This practice is generally acknowledged as being the start of the commercial overdose consumers suffer from today - as early as September in some shops. I must now seek in the children an echo of what Ernest [his brother] and I were in the old time, of what we felt and thought; and their delight in the Christmas tree is not less than ours used to be. - Prince Albert The tradition of hanging mistletoe around Christmas began in the Victorian era, as a way around the social restrictions of the time. No unmarried girl could spend time alone with a young man; if they were courting then they would be chaperoned.

At Christmas, under the mistletoe, a lover could taste their sweetheart's lips, perhaps for the first time. Osborne House Despite having Buckingham Palace, Windsor Castle and the Brighton Pavilion to live in, Queen Victoria did not consider any of them suitable as a family home. So, in 1845 she bought the original Osborne House on the Isle of Wight and an estate of 342 acres from Lady Isabella Blachford. This, though, was too small, and so Thomas Cubitt was contracted to build a new Osborne House on the site, to Prince Albert's design. The estate offered the Royal Family a much-needed retreat and they were able to spend time together as a family. The children each had their own vegetable patch that they would tend themselves and be responsible for. The Queen wrote about her children in her journal in 1846: 'a good, moral, religious but not bigoted or narrow-minded education is what I pray for'. Balmoral In 1848 the Queen and her husband leased Balmoral Castle, in Deeside, Scotland, and later purchased it for £31,500, further increasing the Royal Family's property portfolio.

After a significant expansion and restoration, including the installation of flushing toilets, they took a holiday there each summer, thanks to the advent of railways in Britain. The Great Exhibition of 1851 Prince Albert was interested in the arts, science, trade and industry, and he organised a project on a scale which had never been attempted before. The Great Exhibition was a commemoration of the great advances of the British industrial age and the expansion of the empire. It was a huge success, attended by dignitaries from all over the world. The profits from the Great Exhibition helped to establish the South Kensington museums complex in London. The Victoria and Albert Museum Opened in 1852 as the South Kensington Museum, it was renamed in May 1899 to honour Queen Victoria and Prince Albert. The 'V&A' is the world's greatest museum of art and design. It has a National Art Library which due to its range and depth is a major public reference database. Today there are over 20,000 works in the V&A collections, covering a wide range of objects including ceramics, fashion , furniture, glass, metalwork, paintings, photographs, prints, sculpture and textiles.

The museum has so many items that they have to be rotated as there just isn't enough space to display them all at once. The £31m British Galleries at the V&A, which were opened in 2001 by Prince Charles , trace British culture from Tudor times to the Victorian era. On display is a writing desk which once belonged to Henry VIII . The galleries were part-funded with a grant of £16m from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The V&A Museum of Childhood in Bethnal Green houses one of the world's largest and oldest collections of toys ; dating from as far back as the 16th Century, it includes some of the first jigsaw puzzles ever made. Also among the treasures are rocking horses, dolls, teddy bears , puppets, toy soldiers, train sets, model cars and board games . Public Health Two thousand years ago, Roman governments had provided public baths, toilets and clean water for the people to prevent them succumbing to disease. In the 19th Century, one of the biggest killers was cholera, a disease caught from drinking polluted water .

There were major cholera epidemics, and a Dr John Snow researched an outbreak in the Broad Street area of London, tracing it to a certain well . People didn't believe him when he tried to inform them that the well water was causing the sickness, so he removed the pump handle, preventing its further use. The rate of outbreaks lowered in that area and Dr Snow's peers began to take notice of his findings. Gradually public facilities improved (although nothing like on the Roman scale). Dr Snow became a celebrity, and he was rewarded with a post on the team of royal surgeons. On 7 April, 1853, Dr Snow administered chloroform to Queen Victoria prior to the birth of Prince Leopold. Some of her medical advisers had tried to dissuade Her Majesty from partaking of the pain relief, but she had declared: It is we who are having the baby; and we will have chloroform! The Victorians were very religious: childbirth was seen as a natural process and to intervene with medical aid was considered sacrilegious.

However, Queen Victoria was, in their eyes, ordained by God , so if she was having chloroform during childbirth, this effectively sanctioned its use and it became prevalent (for those who could afford it.) The Crimean War Queen Victoria Facts & Worksheets | KidsKonnect Worksheets / People /Queen Victoria Facts & Worksheets Queen Victoria Facts & Worksheets Download This Worksheet This download is exclusively for KidsKonnect Premium members! To download this worksheet, click the button below to signup (it only takes a minute) and you'll be brought right back to this page to start the download! This worksheet has a free sample available. Download the sample here » Download This Sample This sample is exclusively for KidsKonnect Basic members! To download this worksheet, click the button below to signup for free (it only takes a minute) and you'll be brought right back to this page to start the download! Already a member? Log in to download. Queen Victoria was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 until 1901. She was on the throne longer than any other king or queen in the history of the United Kingdom. She was born in London to a German princess and English prince in 1819.

She became queen at the age of 18, on the death of her uncle, William IV. See the fact file below for more information and Queen Victoria facts. Queen Victoria is the longest reigning monarch in UK history. Her reign spanned sixty four years, from 1837 to 1901. She was only 18 when she took the throne to become queen. She had a lot to learn as queen and early on she believed she could whatever she wanted simply because she was queen. She quickly learned that this was not the case. Victoria was born on May 24, 1819 and married her first cousin, Prince Albert in 1840. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert had 9 children together and they all went on to married into European royal families. Victoria was often referred to as the “grandmother of Europe”. Her reign of 63 years and seven months is known as the Victorian era. This was a time of great discovery in industrial, cultural, political, and scientific fields. From Victorian inventions to Victorian houses and more. Victoria once took chloroform to ease the pain of child birth.

Despite having 9 children, she was never happy with the pain of childbirth, and taking chloroform also showed other mothers-to-be that they could give birth pain-free. Queen Victoria was the first English Monarch to live at Buckingham Palace, London. Her coronation was held on June 28, 1838. Queen Victoria was also a prolific writer, and wrote at least 2,500 words a day. Some of her diaries were accidentally destroyed but many of the 122 volumes still exist today. Victoria had ‘no smoking’ signs placed in nearly every room in Buckingham palace. She disliked smoking and also didn’t like the recently invented telephone. She was a talented artist and enjoyed looking at art. She would often present Prince Albert with paintings of nude or nearly nude women on birthdays and anniversaries. Despite her reputation for being serious, Queen Victoria did have a fun side. She enjoyed to laugh at a good job and would often go to see the opera. She also enjoyed to dance and play piano. Prince Albert died in December, 1861 and his death left Queen Victoria devastated. After his death, Victoria only ever wore black and was in a permanent state of mourning.

Victoria survived at least seven assassination attempts during her reign. Many of the assassins were declared as being insane and were sent to a mental asylum. Queen Victoria could speak many languages. She was known to be fluent in both Urdu and Hindustani. She also declared Ottawa in Canada to be the capital of the province, despite never visiting Canada herself. The Victoria Cross medal for bravery was named after the Queen. It was introduced in 1856 during the Crimean war. To this day, it is the highest award for bravery in Britain, Canada and Australia. Queen Victoria treated all of her staff well. However, she did not like the British Prime Minister Ewart Gladstone. She would stand during their meetings so that he had to as well – even though he was an old man in his 80s. Queen Victoria appeared on The Penny Black, the first adhesive postage stamp. The stamp was designed by William Mulready and was released in Britain on May 1, 1840. Hundreds of streets, squares and pubs in the UK are named after Queen Victoria. There are also many statues to her around the UK. Victoria train station in London is named after her, as well as the Victoria and Albert Museum.

Victoria Falls in Africa is named after Queen Victoria. The waterfall was discovered by Scottish missionary and explorer David Livingstone on November 16, 1855. He named his discovery in honour of the Queen. Many other places around the world are named after Queen Victoria. These include the largest lake in Africa, Lake Victoria, the capital of the Seychelles Islands, and several cities and states in Canada and Australia. Queen Victoria Photos Albert, Victoria and their nine children, 1857. Left to right: Alice, Arthur, Albert, Edward, Leopold, Louise, Victoria with Beatrice, Alfred, Victoria and Helena. Victoria wearing her small diamond crown. Queen Victoria profile on the Penny Black stamp, 1840. Queen Victoria Worksheets This bundle includes 11 ready-to-use Queen Victoria worksheets that are perfect for students to learn about Queen Victoria who was the Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 1837 until 1901. She was on the throne longer than any other king or queen in the history of the United Kingdom.

The Victoria Cross Medal Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom Wednesday, 27 June 2012 Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom Queen Regnant of the United Kingdom Her Royal Highness Princess Alexandrina Victoria of Kent was born on May 24th 1819 to the parents Prince Edward the Duke of Kent and Strathearn and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. Her paternal grandparents were King George III and Queen Charlotte of the United Kingdom (Queen Charlotte did not live to see Victoria). Although her first name was Alexandrina, she was commonly known as Victoria and used the name Victoria when she became Queen. Victoria already had an elder half brother (Carl the 3rd Prince of Leinigen) and sister (Princess Feodora of Leinigen) from her mother's previous marriage to the late Emich Carl the 2nd Prince of Leinigen. Victoria's childhood was strictly controlled by her mother, which was called the "Kensington System".

At the time of her birth, Victoria was fifth in line to the succession of the throne, behind her uncles Prince George the Prince Regent (later George IV), Prince Frederick the Duke of York, Prince William (later William IV) and her father, Prince Edward. Victoria's uncle George the Prince Regent, acted as a Regent of the country from 1811-1820 while Victoria's grandfather King George III's mental heath was declining. In 1820 King George III died and the Prince Regent, George was now King George IV. King George IV had one daughter, Princess Charlotte of Wales, through his unhappy marriage with Princess Caroline the Duchess of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel. Princess Charlotte was supposed to succeed George IV as Queen of the United Kingdom when he died, but Princess Charlotte died in 1817 while giving birth to a stillborn son. Prince Frederick the Duke of York, who was now second in line to the throne had died in 1827 and his marriage was childless and the next heir to the throne was George IV's third brother, Prince William.

Prince William had 10 illegitimate children with Dorothea Bland and they could not inherit the throne since their father and mother were not married. In 1818, Prince William married Princess Adelaide of Saxe-Meiningen. The marriage produced many miscarriages and two daughters, both of them which died at the age of under one. After King George IV died in 1830, Prince William became King William IV. The young Princess Victoria was now the heir to the throne, as her father Prince Edward died in 1820 a few short days before her grandfather King George III. In case King William died before Victoria turned 18, her mother Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld would have become Regent. In 1837, just after a month after Victoria's 18th birthday, King William IV died. Victoria was now Queen of the United Kingdom. On February 10th 1840, Queen Victoria married her first cousin with whom she was deeply in love with, Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in St. James Palace, London.

Their marriage was a success and on November 21st 1840, Queen Victoria gave birth to her first child, Princess Victoria Adelaide Mary Louisa. The new born daughter was heiress presumptive to the throne of the United Kingdom from 1840-1841. Princess Victoria was given the title of Princess Royal in 1841, a title which is given to the eldest or only daughter of a sovereign of the United Kingdom. There can be only one Princess Royal at a time and this title was last held by Princess Victoria's paternal great aunt, Charlotte the Princess Royal, Queen of Wurttemberg who died in 1828. The title was vacant for 12 years before Queen Victoria gave the title to Princess Victoria at the young age of almost 2 months. On November 9th 1841 Queen Victoria gave birth to her first son and second child, Albert Edward the Prince of Wales (the future King Edward VII). On April 25th 1843 Queen Victoria gave birth to her third child and second daughter, The Princess Alice Maud Mary.

On August 6th 1844 The Prince Alfred Ernest Albert was born to Queen Victoria as her second son and fourth child. The Princess Helena Augusta Victoria was born on May 25th 1846 as Queen Victoria's third daughter and fifth child. The Princess Louise Caroline Alberta was born on March 18th 1848 as Queen Victoria's fourth daughter and sixth child. The Prince Arthur William Patrick Albert was born on May 1st 1850 as Queen Victoria's seventh child and third son. The Prince Leopold George Duncan Albert was born on April 7th 1853 as Queen Victoria's eighth child and fourth son. Finally, the last child out of nine and last daughter of five to Queen Victoria and Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was born on April 14th 1857 as The Princess Beatrice Mary Feodore. Queen Victoria hated babies, being pregnant, thought breast feeding was a disgust, and thought new born babies were ugly. Yet, she had nine children. Queen Victoria made Prince Albert her Prince Consort of the United Kingdom in 1857.

In December of 1861, Albert died after years of sickness and Queen Victoria was devastated by the news and went into a intense stage of mourning that continued throughout the rest of her life. Victoria had rarely took on Royal Engagements or Appearances in the following years. She also wore black until the day she died. Queen Victoria's mother, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld had died in March of 1861 as well. Victoria was devastated that she had lost her beloved Consort, Albert and her mother, Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld after she found out her mother deeply loved Victoria, even though she was harsh at raising her. In January of 1858, Prince Albert and Queen Victoria's eldest child, Victoria the Princess Royal, married Prince William Frederick of Prussia, who was second in line to the German and Prussian throne. In 1961, after Prince William Frederick's father became King of Prussia and Emperor of Germany, Prince William Frederick became the Crown Prince of Prussia and therefore Princess Victoria became the Crown Princess.

In 1859, Princess Victoria gave birth to Queen Victoria and Prince Albert's first grandchild, Frederick William Victor Albert of Prussia, who later became King William II of Prussia and Emperor of Germany until the monarchy was abolished after the First World War in 1918. In 1860, Princess Victoria gave birth to her second child, Princess Viktoria Elisabeth Auguste Charlotte of Prussia (Princess Charlotte of Prussia). In 1862, Prince Albert Wilhem Heinrich of Prussia (Prince Henry) was born to Princess Victoria as her third child. In 1864, Prince Franz Friedrich Sigismund of Prussia (Prince Sigismund) was born as Princess Victoria's fourth child. Prince Sigismund only lived one and a half years. In 1866, Princess Friederike Amalia Wilhelmine Viktoria of Prussia (Princess Viktoria) was born as Princess Victoria's fifth child. Prince Joachim Friedrich Ernst Waldemar of Prussia (Prince Waldemar) was born as Princess Victoria's sixth child. Prince Waldemar lived to the age of only eleven.

Princess Sophie Dorothea Ulrike Alice of Prussia was born in 1870 as Princess Victoria's seventh child; she was popularly known as Queen Sophia of the Hellenes after her marriage. Princess Margarete Beatrice Feodoraof Prussia (Princess Margaret) was born in 1872 as Princess Victoria's eighth and last child. The Princess Royal became the German Empress and Queen Consort of Prussia in 1888 for 99 days before the death of her husband. Princess Victoria died in 1901 just months after her mother, Queen Victoria at the age of 60 of breast cancer. Prince Albert Edward, the Prince of Wales, Queen Victoria and Prince Albert's second child and first son married Princess Alexandra of Denmark in March of 1963. Princess Alexandra became the Princess of Wales. The marriage produced six children, five of which survived childhood. In 1864, Prince Albert Victor Christian Edward of Wales was born to the Prince and Princess of Wales as their first child.

Prince Albert Victor was supposed to succeed his father to the throne after he died, but that was cut short when Prince Albert Victor died in 1892. Prince George Frederick Ernest Albert of Wales was born in 1865 as the Prince and Princess of Wales's second child. Prince George eventually succeeded his father as King George V in 1910. Princess Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar of Wales, the Princess Royal was born in 1867 as the Prince and Princess of Wales's third child and first daughter. In 1868, Princess Victoria Alexandra Olga Mary of Wales was born as the Prince and Princess of Wales's fourth child and second daughter. Princess Maud Charlotte Mary Victoria of Wales was born in 1869 as the Prince and Princess of Wales's fifth child and third daughter. After Princess Maud's marriage, she became Queen Consort Maud of Norway. In 1871, the Prince and Princess of Wales had their last child, Prince Alexander John of Wales, who was born prematurely. Prince Alexander died the next day on April 7.

In 1901 after Queen Victoria died, the old Prince Albert Edward, the Prince of Wales became King Edward VII of the United Kingdom. After a short reign, King Edward died in 1910 and his second son, who was at the time the eldest, became King George V. In the picture below, is King Edward VII and Queen Consort Alexandra of the United Kingdom with their surviving five children. King Edward and Queen Alexandra had been Prince and Princess of Wales for longer than any of their predecessors. In 1862, Queen Victoria's third child and second daughter married Prince Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine. The couple had seven children. Princess Victoria Alberta Elisabeth Mathilde Marie of Hesse and by Rhine was born in 1863 as Princess Alice's first child. Princess Elisabeth Alexandra Louise Alice of Hesse and by Rhine was born in 1864 as Princess Alice's second child. Princess Irene Luise Maria Anna of Hesse and by Rhine was born in 1866 as Princess Alice's third child.

Prince Ernest Louis Charles Albert William of Hesse and by Rhine (later Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine) was born in 1868 as Princess Alice's fourth child. Prince Friedrich Wilhelm August Victor Leopold Ludwig of Hesse and by Rhine was born in 1870 as Princess Alice's fifth child. He survived until the age of two. Princess Alice Victoria Helena Louise Beatrice of Hesse and by Rhine (Empress Consort Alexandra Feodorovna Romanova of Russia) was born in 1872 as Princess Alice's sixth child. Princess Marie Viktoria Feodore Leopoldine of Hesse and by Rhine was born in 1874 as Princess Alice's seventh and last child. Princess Marie died at the age of four of diphtheria. Her mother, Princess Alice, died from the same disease a couple weeks later in 1878. Prince Alfred the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, Duke of Edinburgh and the Earl of Ulster and Kent, the fourth child of Queen Victoria and Prince Albert, married Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia in 1874. The marriage produced five children.

The first born was Prince Alfred Alexander William Ernest Albert of Edinburgh, the Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1874. Princess Marie Alexandra Victoria of Edinburgh was born in 1875. She was known as Queen Marie of Romania after her marriage. Princess Alexandra Louise Olga Victoria of Edinburgh was born in 1878. The last child of the Duke of Edinburgh and the Grand Duchess was Princess Beatrice Leopoldine Victoria of Edinburgh in 1884. In 1893, Prince Alfred was created the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha, after being the Duke of Edinburgh for over 29 years. In 1900, Prince Alfred the Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha died. Queen Victoria and Prince Albert's fifth child, Princess Helena, who became Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein after marriage, married Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein with whom she had six children.

Prince Christian Victor of Schleswig-Holstein was born in 1867, Prince Albert John Charles Frederick Arthur George of Schleswig-Holstein who later became the Duke of Schleswig-Holstein was born in 1869. Princess Helena and Prince Christian's first daughter and third child, Princess Victoria Louise Sophia Augusta Amelia Helena (known popularly as Princess Victoria) of Schleswig-Holstein was born in 1870, along with her sister Princess Franziska Josepha Louise Augusta Marie Christina Helena (known popularly as Princess Marie Louise) of Schleswig-Holstein in 1872. The Schleswig-Holstein's last two children were sons. Prince Frederick Harold was born in 1876, and died eight days after birth. An un-named stillborn son was born in 1877. Princess Helena died in 1923. Princess Louise, sixth child of Queen Victoria married John Campbell the Duke of Argyll and Marquess of Lorne. Princess Louise became Duchess of Argyll and Marchioness of Lorne by marriage when she married John in 1871.

The couple never had any children. Princess Louise did become Viceregal consort of Canada when the Duke of Argyll and Marquess of Lorne became the Governor General of Canada in 1878. The Country of Canada had a province named after the Viceregal Consort in 1905, as her full name was Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, the province was named Alberta. There was also a lake in the province named Lake Louise, a village named Caroline, and a mount named Mount Alberta for Princess Louise. Princess Louise passed away in 1939, and is now buried in Frogmore, Windsor. Prince Arthur the Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, seventh child of Queen Victoria, married Princess Louise Margaret of Prussia in 1879. The couple bore three children, Princess Margaret Victoria Charlotte Augusta Norah of Connaught in 1882, who was known as the Crown Princess of Sweden by marriage. She did not live to reign as Queen Consort of Sweden with her husband. The second child of Princess Arthur and Princess Louise Margaret was Prince Arthur Frederick Patrick Albert of Connaught who was born in 1883.

The couple's last child was Princess Victoria Patricia Helena Elizabeth of Connaught was born in 1886. Prince Arthur served as the 10th Governor General of Canada. The Duke of Connaught and Strathearn died in 1942. Prince Leopold the Duke of Albany, Queen Victoria's eighth child married Princess Helene-Friederike of Waldeck and Pyrmont in 1882. The marriage produced two children. The first of the two children was Princess Alice Mary Victoria Augusta Pauline of Albany was born in 1883. The second child was a son, Prince Leopold Charles Edward George Albert of Albany, who was born in July of 1884, which Prince Leopold did not live to see, as he had haemophilia and died at the age of 30 in March of 1884. Queen Victoria's last child, Princess Beatrice, married Prince Henry of Battenberg in 1885. The couple bore four children. The first to be born was Prince Alexander Albert of Battenberg in 1886.

The second was Princess Victoria Eugenie Julia Ena of Battenberg in 1887, who became the Queen of Spain by marriage. The third child was Prince Leopold Arthur Louis of Battenberg in 1889, followed by the fourth and last child, Prince Maurice Victor Donald in 1891. Princess Beatrice died in 1944 at the age of 87. In 1876, Queen Victoria was created Empress of India. Her Majesty celebrated her Golden Jubilee in 1887 and her Diamond Jubilee in 1897. No other Monarch of the United Kingdom has lived or reigned to celebrate their Diamond Jubilee, except for Queen Elizabeth II, who is celebrating her's this year of 2012. Queen Victoria had surpassed her grandfather, King George III as the longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom. Victoria still holds this title today, but if her great-great granddaughter, Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is still reigning by 2015, she will have surpassed Queen Victoria as the longest reigning monarch of the United Kingdom. Queen Elizabeth II is already the eldest reigning monarch in the history of Great Britain.

(Queen Elizabeth is the great-granddaughter of King Edward VII, eldest son of Queen Victoria, through his second son who became King George V, which was through his second son, who later became King George VI after his brother, King Edward VIII abdicated.) In 1901, after 63 years on the throne as Queen Regnant of the United Kingdom, Queen Victoria passed away at the age of 81. Queen Victoria had a notorious reign, a golden age for the United Kingdom, which was named as the Victorian Era. Her legacy still lives on today, as she is still widely popular. Queen Victoria was nicknamed as the Grandmother of Europe, as her children and grandchildren married into other Royal and noble families across Europe. She truly was one of the greatest monarchs of the United Kingdom and will never be forgotten. Today, Queen Victoria lies beside her husband Albert, at Frogmore, Berkshire, England. GOD SAVE THE QUEEN (I do not own anything here!) Posted by

Question: In 1840 Queen Victoria in the United Kingdom married her cousin. What was his name?
Answer: Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha