有向非巡回グラフ
↑ Banerjee, Utpal (1993), “Exercise 2(c)”, Loop Transformations for Restructuring Compilers: The Foundations, Springer, p. 19, Bibcode: 1993ltfr.book.....B, ISBN 978-0-7923-9318-4, https://books.google.com/books?id=Cog7zSSlqFwC&pg=PA19
↑ Bang-Jensen, Jørgen; Gutin, Gregory Z. (2008), “2.3 Transitive Digraphs, Transitive Closures and Reductions”, Digraphs: Theory, Algorithms and Applications, Springer Monographs in Mathematics, Springer, pp. 36–39, ISBN 978-1-84800-998-1, https://books.google.com/books?id=4UY-ucucWucC&pg=PA36
↑ Jungnickel, Dieter (2012), Graphs, Networks and Algorithms, Algorithms and Computation in Mathematics, 5, Springer, pp. 92–93, ISBN 978-3-642-32278-5, https://books.google.com/books?id=PrXxFHmchwcC&pg=PA92 .
1 Acyclic Digraphs”, Digraphs: Theory, Algorithms and Applications, Springer Monographs in Mathematics (2nd ed.), Springer-Verlag, pp. 32–34, ISBN 978-1-84800-997-4 .
↑ Christofides, Nicos (1975), Graph theory: an algorithmic approach, Academic Press, pp. 170–174
↑ Mitrani, I. (1982), Simulation Techniques for Discrete Event Systems, Cambridge Computer Science Texts, 14, Cambridge University Press, p. 27, ISBN 9780521282826, https://books.google.com/books?id=CF04AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA27
↑ Kozen, Dexter (1992), The Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Monographs in Computer Science, Springer, p. 9, ISBN 978-0-387-97687-7, https://books.google.com/books?id=L_AMnf9UF9QC&pg=PA9