ファクトチェック (検証行為)
公表前にファクトチェックを行うことで、提訴や名誉棄損といった重大かつ高額コストを伴うリスクを回避することができる。ただし、ファクトチェック実施者の主な役割は情報の不備を発見することであり、マスコミ不祥事に関与する者を擁護することではない。
Silverman, Craig (23 October 2007). Regret The Error: How Media Mistakes Pollute The Press And Imperil Free Speech. Penguin Canada. ISBN 9780143186991
Amazeen, Michelle (2015) "Monkey Cage: Sometimes political fact-checking works. Sometimes it doesn’t. Here’s what can make the difference.," The Washington Post (online), 3 June 2015, see, accessed 27 July 2015.
Davis, Katy (2012) "Study: Fact-checkers disagree on who lies most," The Center for Media and Public Affairs (CMPA), George Mason University (online, press release), 22 October 2012 see,
Lewis-Kraus, Gideon (2012) "RIFF: The fact-checker versus the fabulist," The New York Times Magazine (online), 21 February 2012 (print edition, 26 February 2012, p.