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André Corvisier: A Dictionary of Military History and the Art of War, Wiley-Blackwell; Revised & Enlarged edition (September 28, 1994). ISBN 978-0631168485
Journal By Royal Society of Arts (Great Britain), No. 611, Volume 12, August 5, 1864
Patrick Marder: The Mitrailleuse, Military History Online
Brent Nosworthy: The Bloody Crucible of Courage: Fighting Methods and Combat Experience of the Civil War , Constable (July 28, 2005). ISBN 978-1845292201