大セルジューク朝
In the last period, the Turkic elements in Iran (derived from Oguz, with lesser admixture of Uygur, Qipchaq, Qaluq and other Turks brought to Iran during the Chinggisid era, as well as Turkicized Mongols) were joined now by Anatolian Turks migrating back to Iran. This marked the final stage of Turkicization. Although there is some evidence for the presence of Qipchaqs among the Turkic tribes coming to this region, there is little doubt that the critical mass which brought about this linguistic shift was provided by the same Oguz-Turkmen tribes that had come to Anatolia. The Azeris of today are an overwhelmingly sedentary, detribalized people. Anthropologically, they are little distinguished from the Iranian neighbors." John Perry: "We should distinguish two complementary ways in which the advent of the Turks affected the language map of Iran.
1153年、オグズは謀反を起こしサンジャルを捕えた。3年後に脱走できたが、1年後に死亡した。ザンギー朝やアルトゥク朝のようなアタベクは、名目上に限って言えばセルジューク朝のスルタンの支配を受けたが、一般的には独立してシリアを支配した。アフマド・サンジャルが1157年に死ぬと、大セルジューク朝は分裂し、事実上アタベクを独立させた。
ホラーサーンとトランスオクシアナのホラーサーン・セルジューク朝。首都:メルブ
ケルマーン・セルジューク朝
ルーム・セルジューク朝(またはトルコのセルジューク族)。首都:イズニク(ニカイア)、後にコンヤ
イランのサルグル朝のアタベク
イラクとアゼルバイジャンのイルデニズ朝のアタベク(アゼルバイジャンのアタベク)。首都:ナヒチェヴァン(1136年-1175年)、ハマダーン(1176年-1186年)、タブリーズ(1187年-1225年)
シリアのブーリー朝のアタベク。首都:ダマスカス
ジャズィーラ(北メソポタミア)のザンギーのアタベク。首都:モースル
テュルクマーン・ベグリク:小アジアのダニシュメンド朝、アルトゥク朝、サルトゥーク朝(英語版)、メンギュジェク家(英語版)
79 Jonathan Dewald, Europe 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World, Charles Scribner's Sons, 2004, p. 24: "Turcoman armies coming from the East had driven the Byzantines out of much of Asia Minor and established the Persianized sultanate of the Seljuks." Grousset, Rene, The Empire of the Steppes, (Rutgers University Press, 1991), 161, 164; "renewed the Balls of ur dad attempt to found a great Turko-Persian empire in eastern Iran." "It is to be noted that the Seljuks, those Turkomans who became sultans of Persia, did not Turkify Persia-no doubt because they did not wish to do so. On the contrary, it was they who voluntarily became Persians and who, in the manner of the great old Sassanid kings, strove to protect the Iranian populations from the plundering of Ghuzz bands and save Iranian culture from the Turkoman menace." Wendy M.
セルジューク族の最初の先祖は、950年にイスラム教に改宗したジャンド近くのホラズムに移住したハザール軍に仕えたと一般に言われるベグ(セルジューク(英語版))であった。
Some of these rulers, like the great 'Ala' al-Dln Kai-Qubad I himself, who married Byzantine princesses and thus strengthened relations with their neighbors to the west, lived for many years in Byzantium and became very familiar with the customs and ceremonial at the Byzantine court. Still, this close contact with the ancient Greco-Roman and Christian traditions only resulted in their adoption of a policy of tolerance toward art, aesthetic life, painting, music, independent thought—in short, toward those things that were frowned upon by the narrow and piously ascetic views {of their subjects}.