前期旧石器時代
↑ マレーシアの科学者「東南アジア最古の」石器発見
↑ “. Location of Acheulian handaxes industries (Mode 2) and... - study of Early and Lower Palaeolithic lithic industries. The most ancient European prehistoric sites, dated from 1.8 to 1.1 Ma, have been discovered in a variety of contexts: fl uvio- lacustrine (Dmanisi, Georgia; Orce, Spain), littoral (Monte Poggiolo, Italy)”. researchgate. 2016年12月28日閲覧。
↑ “World’s oldest Homo sapiens fossils found in Morocco” (英語). Science | AAAS. (2017年6月6日). http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/06/world-s-oldest-homo-sapiens-fossils-found-morocco 2018年5月4日閲覧。
1 2 Harmand, Sonia (21 May 2015). “3.3-million-year-old stone tools from Lomekwi 3, West Turkana, Kenya”. Nature 521 (7552): 310–315. doi:10.1038/nature14464. PMID 25993961.
↑ “Early Stone Age Tools”. What does it mean to be human?. Smithsonian Institution (2014年9月29日). 2014年9月30日閲覧。
↑ Barham, Lawrence; Mitchell, Peter (2008). The First Africans: African Archaeology from the Earliest Toolmakers to Most Recent Foragers. New York: Cambridge. pp. 16. ISBN 978-0-521-61265-4
↑ “Lower Paleolithic”. Dictionary com. 2016年12月30日閲覧。
↑ Derek Bickerton, Adam's Tongue: How Humans Made Language, How Language Made Humans, New York: Hill and Wang 2009.