数式処理システム
記号的操作には、次のようなものがある。
K.O.Geddes, S.R.Czapar, G.Labahn: "Algorithms for Computer Algebra", Kluwer Academic Publ., (1992).
Evelyne Tournier(Ed): "Computer Algebra and Differential Equations",Cambridge University Press, London Mathematical Society Lecture Note Series,ISBN 9780521447577, (1994/03).
Tan Kiat Shi and Willi-Hans Steeb:"SymbolicC++: An Introduction to Computer Algebra Using Object-Oriented Programming",Springer-Verlag, ISBN 981-3083-55-7, (1998).
Edited by Michael J. Wester: "Computer algebra systems: a practical guide",John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-98353-5, (1999).
Robert P. Gilbert, Joji Kajiwara and Yongzhi S.