未伝播地流行
Crosby, Alfred W. (1976), “Virgin Soil Epidemics as a Factor in the Aboriginal Depopulation in America”, The William and Mary Quarterly (Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture) 33 (2): pp. 289–299, JSTOR 1922166, https://www.jstor.org/stable/1922166?seq=1
Jones, David (2003). “Virgin Soils Revisited”. The William and Mary Quarterly 60 (4): The William and Mary Quarterly. doi:10.2307/3491697.