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301.
↑ Hybrid urbanism: on the identity discourse and the built environment By Nezar AlSayyad
↑ Kilwa Kisiwani. Medieval Trade Center of Eastern Africa, By K. Kris Hirst
↑ Vijay Prashad, Everybody Was Kung Fu Fighting: Afro-Asian Connections and the Myth of Cultural Purity (Beacon Press: 2002), p. 8.
↑ David Westerlund, Ingvar Svanberg, Islam Outside the Arab World (Palgrave Macmillan: 1999), p. 11.
1 2 Roland Oliver, Africa in the Iron Age: c.500 BC-1400 AD (Cambridge University Press: 1975), p. 192.
↑ 『新唐書』南蛮伝下「室利佛逝,一曰尸利佛逝。...咸亨至開元間,数遣使者朝...又献侏儒、僧祇女各二及歌舞。