ゴードン・グールド
↑ Schawlow, Arthur L.; Townes, Charles H. (December 1958). “Infrared and optical masers”. Physical Review 112 (6–15): 1940–1949. Bibcode: 1958PhRv..112.1940S. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.112.1940.
↑ Gould, R. Gordon (1959). “The LASER, Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation”. In Franken, P.A.; Sands R.H.. The Ann Arbor Conference on Optical Pumping, the University of Michigan, June 15 through June 18, 1959. pp. 128. OCLC 02460155
↑ Chu, Steven; Townes, Charles (2003). “Arthur Schawlow”. In Edward P. Lazear. Biographical Memoirs. vol. 83. National Academy of Sciences. pp. 202. ISBN 0-309-08699-X
↑ Taylor (2000), pp. 72–3.