カスパーゼ-9
1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC 554975. PMID 15725353. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC554975/.
“Role of HIV Vpr as a regulator of apoptosis and an effector on bystander cells”. Molecules and Cells 21 (1): 7–20. (February 2006). PMID 16511342.
“Reproducibility of response to a questionnaire on symptoms of masticatory dysfunction”. Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology 4 (5): 205–9. (September 1976). doi:10.1111/j.1600-0528.1976.tb00985.x. PMID 1067155.
“CPP32, a novel human apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme”. The Journal of Biological Chemistry 269 (49): 30761–4. (December 1994). doi:10.
活性化はカスパーゼ-9が二量体化した際に行われ、2つの異なる方法がある。
Apaf-1はカスパーゼ-9前駆体をオリゴマー化するため、カスパーゼ-9がApaf-1(アポトソーム)に結合することで自己活性化が行われる。
活性化されたカスパーゼはカスパーゼ-9を切断できるため、それによって二量体化が引き起こされる。
“Autoactivation of procaspase-9 by Apaf-1-mediated oligomerization”. Molecular Cell 1 (7): 949–57. (June 1998). doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(00)80095-7. PMID 9651578.
“A cloning method for caspase substrates that uses the yeast two-hybrid system: cloning of the antiapoptotic gene gelsolin”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (15): 8532–7. (July 1998). Bibcode: 1998PNAS...95.8532K. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.15.8532. PMC 21110. PMID 9671712. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC21110/.
“Regulation of cell death protease caspase-9 by phosphorylation”. Science 282 (5392): 1318–21. (November 1998). Bibcode: 1998Sci...282.1318C. doi:10.1126/science.282.5392.1318. PMID 9812896.