J結合
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E. L. Hahn and D. E. Maxwell (1951). “Chemical Shift and Field Independent Frequency Modulation of the Spin Echo Envelope”. Physical Review 84 (6): 1246. Bibcode: 1951PhRv...84.1246H. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.84.1246.
N. F. Ramsey and E. M. Purcell (1952). “Interactions between Nuclear Spins in Molecules”. Physical Review 85 (1): 143. Bibcode: 1952PhRv...85..143R. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.85.143.