アデノ随伴ウイルス
AAVの感染サイクルにはいくつかの段階があり、細胞感染から感染性粒子の産生まである
細胞膜への付着
エンドサイトーシス(形質膜陥入)
エンドソームによる輸送
後期エンドソーム(エンドサイトーシスで形成されるリソソームへの運搬小胞)後期又はリソソームからの脱出(escape)
核へのトランスロケーション(転位)
AAVゲノムの複製型である二本鎖DNAの形成
rep 遺伝子の発現
ゲノムの複製
cap 遺伝子の発現、子孫(後代)一本鎖DNA粒子の合成
完全なウイルス粒子の組立て、及び
感染細胞からの放出
これらの段階の一部は、様々な細胞の種類で異なることがあり、明確でかなり限定的なAAVのネイティブトロピズム(native tropism)に寄与する。ウイルスの複製は、細胞がどの細胞周期にあるかによって、1種類の細胞でも異なる可能性がある。[71]
Some of these steps may look different in various types of cells, which, in part, contributes to the defined and quite limited native tropism of AAV.
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↑ Xie Q, Bu W, Bhatia S, et al. (August 2002). “The atomic structure of adeno-associated virus (AAV-2), a vector for human gene therapy”. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99 (16): 10405–10.