古柯屬（學名：_Erythroxylum_）是古柯科下的一個屬，為灌木或小喬木植物。該屬共有古柯等 250 種，分布於熱帶、亞熱帶地區，部分種可製毒。



物種

本屬包括以下物種：


* _Erythroxylon areolatum_ Linnaeus, 1759

* _Erythroxylum acrobeles_ Gentner

* _Erythroxylum acuminatum_ Ruiz & Pav.

* _Erythroxylum acutifolium_ Steud. ex O.E.Schulz, 1907

* _Erythroxylum acutum_ Gentner

* _Erythroxylum aerolatum_ L.

* _Erythroxylum affine_ A.St.-Hil.

* _Erythroxylum alaternifolium_ A.Rich.

* _Erythroxylum amazonicum_ Peyr.

* _Erythroxylum ambiguum_ Peyr.

* _Erythroxylum americanum Fisch. ex Steud._

* _Erythroxylum amplifolium Baill._

* _Erythroxylum amplum Benth._

* _Erythroxylum andrei Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum angelicae Loiola_

* _Erythroxylum anguifugum C.Mart._

* _Erythroxylum annamense Tardieu_

* _Erythroxylum apiculatum Diogo_

* _Erythroxylum areolatum Billb. ex Beurl._

* _Erythroxylum areolatum L._

* _Erythroxylum argentinum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum armatum Oviedo & Borhidi_

* _Erythroxylum arrajodoi O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum arrojadoi O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum australe F.Muell._

* _Erythroxylum ayrtonianum Loiola & M.F.Sales_

* _Erythroxylum banaoense Oviedo_

* _Erythroxylum bangii Rusby_

* _Erythroxylum baracoense Borhidi_

* _Erythroxylum barbatum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum bequaertii Standl._

* _Erythroxylum betulaceum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum bezerrae Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum bicolor O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum boinense H.Perrier_

* _Erythroxylum boivinianum Baill._

* _Erythroxylum bradeanum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum brennae D' Arcy & Schanen_

* _Erythroxylum brevipes DC._

* _Erythroxylum buxifolium Lam._

* _Erythroxylum buxus Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum caatingae Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum calothamnus Lign. & Fig._

* _Erythroxylum calyptratum Komada & Tagane_

* _Erythroxylum cambodianum L.Pierre ex O.E.Schulz, 1907_

* _Erythroxylum cambodianum Pierre_

* _Erythroxylum campestre A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum campinense Amaral_

* _Erythroxylum capitatum Baker_

* _Erythroxylum carajasense (Plowman) Costa-Lima_

* _Erythroxylum cassinoides Planch. & Linden ex Triana & Planch._

* _Erythroxylum cataractarum Spruce ex Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum catharinense Amaral_

* _Erythroxylum catuaba A.J.Silva ex Raym.-Hamet_

* _Erythroxylum chilpe E.Machado, 1972_

* _Erythroxylum cincinnatum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum citrifolium A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum clarense Borhidi_

* 藥古柯 _Erythroxylum coca Lam._

* _Erythroxylum coelophlebium Mart._

* _Erythroxylum coffeifolium Baill._

* _Erythroxylum cogolloi Jara_

* _Erythroxylum columbinum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum compressum Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum concinnatum Pritz._

* _Erythroxylum confusum Britton_

* _Erythroxylum cordato-ovatum Huber_

* _Erythroxylum coriaceum Britton & P.Wilson_

* _Erythroxylum corymbosum Boivin ex Baill._

* _Erythroxylum couveleense Guillaumin_

* _Erythroxylum cryptanthum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum cumanense Kunth_

* _Erythroxylum cuneatum (Miq.) Kurz_

* _Erythroxylum cuneifolioides E.W.Berry_

* _Erythroxylum cuneifolium (Mart.) O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum cuspidifolium Mart._

* _Erythroxylum cyclophyllum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum cymosum Lign. & Bey_

* _Erythroxylum daphnites Mart._

* _Erythroxylum davidii D' Arcy & Schanen_

* _Erythroxylum deciduum A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum dekindtii (Engl.) O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum delagoense Schinz_

* _Erythroxylum densiflorum Bong. ex O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum densum Rusby_

* _Erythroxylum dillonii Plowman ex Jara_

* _Erythroxylum discolor Bojer_

* _Erythroxylum distortum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum divaricatum Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum domingense Oviedo_

* _Erythroxylum dumosum Alain_

* _Erythroxylum ecarinatum Hochr._

* _Erythroxylum echinodendron Ekman_

* _Erythroxylum echinodendron Ekman ex Urb._

* _Erythroxylum elegans Baill._

* _Erythroxylum ellipticum R.Br. ex Benth._

* _Erythroxylum emarginatum Thonn._

* _Erythroxylum engleri O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum falletenianum A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum ferrugineum Cav._

* _Erythroxylum fimbriatum Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum firmum Baker_

* _Erythroxylum fischeri Engl._

* _Erythroxylum flaccidum Salzm. ex Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum flavicans Borhidi_

* _Erythroxylum fluminense Bong. ex O.E.Schulz, 1907_

* _Erythroxylum foetidum Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum frangulifolium A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum gaudichaudii Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum gentryi Jara_

* _Erythroxylum gerrardii Baker_

* _Erythroxylum glaucoclados Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum glaucum O.E.Schulz._

* _Erythroxylum glazioui O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum glaziovii O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum gonoclados (Mart.) O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum gonocladum (Mart.) O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum gracile O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum gracilipes Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum grandifolium Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum grisebachii Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum guanchezii Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum guatemalense Lundell_

* _Erythroxylum hamigerum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum haughtii Gentner_

* _Erythroxylum havanense Jacq._

* _Erythroxylum hondense Kunth_

* _Erythroxylum horridum Borhidi & Oviedo_

* _Erythroxylum hypericifolium Lam._

* _Erythroxylum hypoleucum Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum impressum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum incrassatum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum itan Costa-Lima & E.C.O.Chagas_

* _Erythroxylum jaimei Jara_

* _Erythroxylum jamaicense Fawc. & Rendle_

* _Erythroxylum kanga Costa-Lima & E.C.O.Chagas_

* _Erythroxylum kapplerianum Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum kassneri (Engl.) E.Phillips_

* _Erythroxylum kochummenii Ng_

* _Erythroxylum laetevirens O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum lanceolatum (Wight) Walp._

* _Erythroxylum lanceum Bojer_

* _Erythroxylum lancifolium Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum laurel Baill._

* _Erythroxylum laurifolium Lam._

* _Erythroxylum leal-costae Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum leandrianum Payens_

* _Erythroxylum lenticellosum Huber_

* _Erythroxylum leptoneurum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum ligustrinum DC._

* _Erythroxylum lindemanii Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum lineolatum DC._

* _Erythroxylum loefgrenii Diogo_

* _Erythroxylum lofgrenii Diogo_

* _Erythroxylum longifolium Cav._

* _Erythroxylum longipes O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum longisetulosum Loiola & M.F.Sales_

* _Erythroxylum loretense Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum lygoides O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum macrocalyx Mart._

* _Erythroxylum macrocarpum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum macrochaetum Miq._

* _Erythroxylum macrophyllum Cav._

* _Erythroxylum magnoliifolium A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum mamacoca C.Mart._

* _Erythroxylum mamacova Mart._

* _Erythroxylum mangorense H.Perrier_

* _Erythroxylum mannii Oliv._

* _Erythroxylum maracasense Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum marginatum Lign. & Fig._

* _Erythroxylum martii Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum mattos-silvae Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum membranaceum Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum mexicanum Kunth_

* _Erythroxylum microphyllum A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum mikanii Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum minutifolium Griseb._

* _Erythroxylum mocquerysii A.DC._

* _Erythroxylum mogotense Oviedo_

* _Erythroxylum monogynum Roxb._

* _Erythroxylum moonii Hochr._

* _Erythroxylum mucronatum Benth._

* _Erythroxylum myrsinites Mart._

* _Erythroxylum nelson-rosae Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum niquelandense M.J.Silva & Loiola_

* _Erythroxylum nitidulum Baker_

* _Erythroxylum nitidum Spreng._

* _Erythroxylum niziae Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro_

* _Erythroxylum nobile O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum nordestinum Costa-Lima, Loiola & M.Alves_

* _Erythroxylum nossibeense Baill._

* 古柯 _Erythroxylum novocaledonicum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum novogranatense (Morris) Hieron._

* _Erythroxylum nummularia Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum obovatum M.Gómez, 1890_

* _Erythroxylum obtusifolium (Wight) Hook.fil._

* _Erythroxylum occultum Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum ochranthum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum opacum Rusby_

* _Erythroxylum oreophilum (O.E.Schulz ex Pilg.) Steyerm. & Maguire_

* _Erythroxylum orinocense Klotzsch_

* _Erythroxylum ovalifolium Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum oxycarpum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum oxypetalum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum pachyneurum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum pacificum D.R.Simpson_

* _Erythroxylum panamense Turcz._

* _Erythroxylum paraguariense (Chodat & Hassl.) O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum parishii (Hook.f.)_

* _Erythroxylum parvillei Baillon_

* _Erythroxylum parvistipulatum Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum passerinum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum patentissimum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum pauciflorum Rusby_

* _Erythroxylum pauferrense Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum pedicellare (Griseb.) O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum pelleterianum A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum perrotianum A.Chev._

* _Erythroxylum pervillei Baill._

* _Erythroxylum petrae-caballi Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey._

* _Erythroxylum pictum E.Mey. ex Harv. & Sond._

* _Erythroxylum platyclados Bojer_

* _Erythroxylum platycladum Bojer_

* _Erythroxylum plowmanianum Cogollo & Pipoly_

* _Erythroxylum plowmanii Amaral_

* _Erythroxylum polygonoides Mart._

* _Erythroxylum popayanense Kunth_

* _Erythroxylum pringlei Rose_

* _Erythroxylum pruinosum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum pulchrum A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum pungens O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum pyan Costa-Lima_

* _Erythroxylum pyrifolium Baker_

* _Erythroxylum raimondii O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum reticulatum Northr._

* _Erythroxylum revolutum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum rhodappendiculatum Costa-Lima_

* _Erythroxylum rignyanum Baill._

* _Erythroxylum rimosum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum riparium T.Araújo & Amorim_

* _Erythroxylum riverae Jara & J.D.García-Gonz._

* _Erythroxylum roigii Britton & P.Wilson_

* _Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch_

* _Erythroxylum roraimae Klotzsch ex O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum rosuliferum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum rotundifolium Lunan_

* _Erythroxylum rufum Cav._

* _Erythroxylum ruizii Peyr._

* _Erythroxylum ruryi Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum santosii Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum sarawakanum_ R.C.K.Chung

* _Erythroxylum schliebenii_ O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum schomburgkii_ Peyr.

* _Erythroxylum schunkei_ Plowman

* _Erythroxylum sechellarum_ O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum setosum_ Jara & F.Ávila

* _Erythroxylum seyrigii_ H.Perrier

* _Erythroxylum shatona_ J.F.Macbr.

* _Erythroxylum sideroxyloides_ Lam.

* _Erythroxylum simonis_ Plowman

* 東方古柯 _Erythroxylum sinense_ Wu

* _Erythroxylum sobraleanum_ Loiola & L.S.Cordeiro

* _Erythroxylum socotranum_ Thulin

* _Erythroxylum sphaeranthum_ H.Perrier

* _Erythroxylum splendidum_ Plowman

* _Erythroxylum spruceanum_ Peyr.

* _Erythroxylum squamatum_ Sw.

* _Erythroxylum stenopetalum_ Costa-Lima

* _Erythroxylum steyermarkii_ Plowman

* _Erythroxylum stipulosum_ Plowman

* _Erythroxylum striiflorum_ H.Perrier

* _Erythroxylum striolatum_ O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum strobilaceum_ Peyr.

* _Erythroxylum suberosum_ A.St.-Hil.

* _Erythroxylum subglaucescens_ Mart. ex Peyr.

* _Erythroxylum subglaucescens_ Peyr. ex O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum subracemosum Turcz._

* _Erythroxylum subrotundum A.St.-Hil._

* _Erythroxylum substriatum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum surinamense Miq._

* _Erythroxylum tapacuranum Costa-Lima_

* _Erythroxylum tenue Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum tianguanum Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum timothei Loiola & M.F.Sales_

* _Erythroxylum tortuosum Mart._

* _Erythroxylum tucuruiense Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum ulei O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum umbrosum Costa-Lima & M.Alves_

* _Erythroxylum umbu Costa-Lima_

* _Erythroxylum undulatum Plowman_

* _Erythroxylum urbanii O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum vaccinifolium Mart._

* _Erythroxylum vaginatum O.E.Schulz_

* _Erythroxylum vasquezii_ Plowman

* _Erythroxylum vernicosum_ O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum wallichii_ O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum williamsii_ Standl. ex Plowman

* _Erythroxylum xerophilum_ H.Perrier

* _Erythroxylum zambesiacum_ N.Robson

* _Erythroxylum zeylanicum_ O.E.Schulz

* _Erythroxylum_ × _peyritschii_ O.E.Schulz



參考文獻