毛黴屬（學名：_Mucor_）是一個包含大約有十多個品種的黴菌屬，普遍可在泥土、植物的表面、腐爛的蔬果或消化系統中找到它，它可以製作豆腐乳。



描述

黴菌是一種真菌，它的菌落的顏色一般呈現白色、米黃色到灰色，生長快速，在適合的培植介質中可以生長至數厘米高。當菌落成熟，由於孢子的發展，使菌落的顏色變成灰或褐色。



繁殖

部分品種（_Mucor mucedo_）無性繁殖。當孢子囊柄（sporangiophore）直立及發育成熟，孢子囊柄頂端脹大形成球狀孢子囊（sporangium），內裝單核單倍體孢子（sporangiospore）。孢子囊頂端的囊軸向孢子囊伸出，囊壁隨之爆開並釋出孢子。

有性繁殖時，部分短小菌絲形成配子囊（gametangia），當兩合適之配子囊接合，便形成球狀、具厚壁的接合孢子囊（zygosporangium）。接合孢子囊內藏一個接合孢子（zygospore）。接合孢子囊內進行核配（karyogamy）和減數分裂，可能可抵禦外在的惡劣環境。毛黴屬包括同宗配合（雌雄同株）和異宗配合（雌雄異株）的種。



下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：


* _Mucor abundans Povah_

* _Mucor adventitius Oudem._

* _Mucor albus Schrank_

* _Mucor aligarensis B.S.Mehrotra & B.R.Mehrotra_

* _Mucor amethysteus Berk._

* _Mucor amethystinus L.Wagner & G.Walther_

* _Mucor amphibiorum Schipper_

* _Mucor ardhlaengiktus B.S.Mehrotra & B.M.Mehrotra_

* _Mucor aseptatophorus V.G.Hurdeal, E.Gentekaki, K.D.Hyde & H.B.Lee, 2021_

* _Mucor atramentarius L.Wagner & G.Walther_

* _Mucor azygosporus R.K.Benj._

* _Mucor bacilliformis Hesselt._

* _Mucor bainieri B.S.Mehrotra & Baijal_

* _Mucor bondarzevii S.A.Kulik_

* _Mucor caatinguensis A.L.Santiago, C.A.F.de Souza & D.X.Lima_

* _Mucor caninus Pers._

* _Mucor chiangraiensis V.G.Hurdeal, E.Gentekaki, K.D.Hyde & H.B.Lee, 2021_

* _Mucor circinatus D.X.Lima, G.Walther & A.L.Santiago_

* _Mucor circinelloides Tiegh._

* _Mucor clavatus Link_

* _Mucor corticola Hagem_

* _Mucor ctenidius (Durrell & M.Fleming) Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor delicatus L.S.Loh & Kuthub._

* _Mucor durus Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor ellipsoideus E.Álvarez, Cano, Stchigel, Deanna A.Sutton & Guarro_

* _Mucor endophyticus (R.Y.Zheng & H.Jiang) J.Pawłowska & Walther_

* _Mucor erectus Bainier_

* _Mucor eugeniae L.S.Loh & Nawawi_

* _Mucor eugenieae L.S.Loh & Nawawi_

* _Mucor exponens (Burgeff) Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor falcatus Schipper_

* _Mucor fimetarius Link_

* _Mucor flavus Bainier_

* _Mucor fluvii Hyang B.Lee, S.H.Lee & T.T.T.Nguyen_

* _Mucor fragilis (Tode) Traverso_

* _Mucor fragilis Bainier_

* _Mucor fuscus (Berk. & M.A.Curtis) Berl. & De Toni_

* _Mucor fuscus Bainier_

* _Mucor fusiformis Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor genevensis Lendn._

* _Mucor geophilus Oudem._

* _Mucor gigasporus G.Q.Chen & R.Y.Zheng_

* _Mucor griseocyanus Hagem_

* _Mucor guilliermondii Nadson & Filippov_

* _Mucor hachijyoensis Ts.Watan._

* _Mucor heterogamus Vuill._

* _Mucor hiemalis Wehmer_

* _Mucor hygrophilus Oudem._

* _Mucor inaequisporus Dade_

* _Mucor indicus Lendn._

* _Mucor irregularis Stchigel, Cano, Guarro & E.Álvarez_

* _Mucor japonicus (Komin.) Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor koreanus Hyang B.Lee, S.J.Jeon & T.T.Nguyen_

* _Mucor lahorensis J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta_

* _Mucor lanceolatus Hermet_

* _Mucor lausannensis Lendn._

* _Mucor laxorrhizus Y.Ling_

* _Mucor lilianae Voglmayr & Clémençon_

* _Mucor limbiflorus (Tode) Sacc. & Traverso_

* _Mucor lusitanicus Bruderl._

* _Mucor luteus Linnem. ex Wrzosek_

* _Mucor megalocarpus Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor meguroensis Ts.Watan._

* _Mucor merdicola C.A.F.de Souza & A.L.Santiago_

* _Mucor microsporus Naumov_

* _Mucor microsporus Wamyslowski_

* _Mucor minimus (Tode) Link_

* _Mucor minutus (Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra) Schipper_

* _Mucor moelleri (Vuill.) Lendn._

* _Mucor mousanensis Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra_

* 大毛霉 _Mucor mucedo_ Fresen.

* _Mucor mucedo Lend.Ex Fries_

* _Mucor multiplex (R.Y.Zheng) Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor nanus Schipper & Samson_

* _Mucor nidicola A.A.Madden, Stchigel, Guarro, Deanna A.Sutton & Starks_

* _Mucor nucuum (Corda) Berl. & De Toni_

* _Mucor odoratus Treschew_

* _Mucor oosporus Link_

* _Mucor orantomantidis Hyang B.Lee, P.M.Kirk & T.T.T._

* _Mucor orodatus Treschew_

* _Mucor pakistanicus J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta_

* _Mucor parviseptatus Walther & de Hoog_

* _Mucor parvispora Knonse_

* _Mucor pernambucoensis C.L.Lima, D.X.Lima & A.L.Santiago_

* _Mucor piriformis A.Fisch._

* _Mucor piriformis Fisher_

* _Mucor plasmaticus Tiegh._

* _Mucor plumbeus Bonord._

* _Mucor prayagensis B.S.Mehrotra & Nand ex Schipper_

* _Mucor pseudocircinelloides L.Wagner & G.Walther_

* _Mucor pseudolusitanicus L.Wagner & G.Walther_

* _Mucor psychrophilus Milko_

* _Mucor punjabensis J.H.Mirza, S.M.Khan, S.Begum & Shagufta_

* _Mucor racemosus Bull., 1791_

* _Mucor racemosus Fresen._

* _Mucor ramosissimus Samouts._

* _Mucor ravidus L.S.Loh & Nawawi_

* _Mucor renisporus K.Jacobs & Botha_

* _Mucor rudolphii Voglmayr & Clémençon_

* _Mucor saprophilus Novot._

* _Mucor sarawakensis L.S.Loh & Nawawi_

* _Mucor saturninus Hagem_

* _Mucor silvaticus Hagem_

* _Mucor sinensis Milko & Beliakova_

* _Mucor souzae C.A.de Souza, D.X.Lima & A.L.Santiago_

* _Mucor speciosus Oudem._

* _Mucor stercorarius Hyang B.Lee, P.M.Kirk & T.T.T.Nguyen_

* _Mucor stercoreus (Tode) Link_

* _Mucor stilbum (Tode) Sacc. & Traverso_

* _Mucor strictus Hagem_

* _Mucor subtilissimus Oudem._

* _Mucor succosus Berk._

* _Mucor suhagiensis M.D.Mehrotra_

* _Mucor sympodialis L.S.Loh & Kuthub._

* _Mucor tanatus L.S.Loh & Nawawi_

* _Mucor tenellus (Tode) Pers._

* _Mucor tenuis Link_

* _Mucor thermohyalospora Subrahm._

* _Mucor troglophilus Zalar_

* _Mucor ucrainicus Milko_

* _Mucor variicolumellatus L.Wagner & G.Walther_

* _Mucor variosporus Schipper_

* _Mucor verticillatus L.S.Loh & Kuthub._

* _Mucor viridescens Linnaeus, 1771_

* _Mucor zonatus Milko_

* _Mucor zychae Baijal & B.S.Mehrotra_



其他

因為大部分毛黴屬無法在溫暖環境中生長（接近攝氏 37 度），它們多不會感染人類和溫血動物。耐熱品種（_Mucor indicus_）可致壞死性且能快速傳播的接合菌病。



外部連結


* Mucor （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） at Zygomycetes.org

* _Mucor_ species （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） from Index Fungorum

* _Mucor_ page （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） from Index Fungorum