埃拉澤（土耳其語：Elâzığ，土耳其語發音：[eˈlazɯː]）是土耳其東部的一座城市，為埃拉澤省的省會。埃拉澤市總人口 323,420 (2009 年)。整個城市位於一片高原之上，海拔 1067 公尺。

今日的埃拉澤的建立，是作為原來的歷史名城哈爾普特的延伸，因為哈爾普特位於山上，在冬季時交通非常不便。



名稱

在古代，在今日埃拉澤附近有一座古代亞美尼亞人所建立的城堡，是為哈爾普特城堡（亞美尼亞語：Խարբերդ），意思就是「石建的城堡」。這座城堡是亞美尼亞的首批君主所建立，距離埃拉澤的市中心約五公里，鄰近阿拉臘山。

1866 年，埃拉澤建市。1937 年，該城市改用今名。



歷史

在幾個世紀以前，埃拉澤周邊地區便有居民定居。



人口



經濟



地理及氣候

埃拉澤位於一個 48 公里長的小谷地之中，當地的土耳其人稱之為 Uluova，意思就是「大山谷」；而亞美尼亞人則稱之為 Vosgetashd，意思就是「金色的平原」。



著名人物


* Rupen Zartarian - (d. 1915) 亞美尼亞裔作家，是 Tlgadintsi 的學生。

* Mehmet Ağar — Former leader of the DYP

* Vedat Dalokay — Turkish architect and a former mayor of Ankara

* Reha Denemeç — Co-founder of the Justice and Development Party (AKP)

* Kenan Çoban — Turkish actor, known as abdulhey in "Valley of the Wolves"

* J. Michael Hagopian - Armenian-American documentary filmmaker

* Hamastegh - (d. 1966) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi

* Dursun Karataş— Founder and leader of the Revolutionary People's Liberation Party–Front (DHKP-C)

* Stephen P. Mugar - (d. 1982) Armenian-American businessman and entrepreneur

* Shahan Natalie — (d. 1983), Armenian writer and principal organizer of Operation Nemesis

* Catholicos Nerses IV — (d. 1173), Armenian church leader, theologian and writer

* Erkan Oğur — Turkish Musician

* Necati Şaşmaz — Star of the "Valley of the Wolves" TV series and the 2006 movie "Valley of the Wolves Iraq"

* Raci Şaşmaz — Scriptwriter and producer of the "Valley of the Wolves" and other movies and TV series

* Mümtaz Sevinç — Turkish actor

* Tlgadintsi (Hovhannes Haroutiunian) - (d. 1915) Armenian writer

* Vahan Totovents - (d. 1938) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi

* Namık Kemal Yolga — Turkish Diplomat and statesman

* Aşur Yusuf - (d.1915) Syriac Orthodox journalist and teacher at the Euphrates College



旅遊景點

埃拉澤市的名勝如下：


* 哈爾普特城堡（Խարբերդ；Harput Kalesi）及歷史城區（Şehri）

* 凱班水庫（Keban Baraj Gölü）：包括凱班水壩（Keban Baraj）及水力發電廠。

* 哈札爾湖（Hazar Gölü）

* 哈札爾巴巴滑雪中心（Hazarbaba Kayak Merkezi）

* 埃爾祖魯姆帕拉多肯滑雪中心

* 法拉特大學 / 幼法拉底大學（Fırat Üniversitesi；University of Euphrates）

* Buzluk Mağarası (Buzluk Cave)

* Çaydaçıra Halkoyunu

* Ağın Kaplıcası

* Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography

* 清真寺及陵墓
  
* Ulu Camii: Built by Artuklu Sultan Fahrettin Karaaslan in 1156. It is one of the oldest and important structures in Anatolia
  
* Sarahatun Camii (also known as Sarayhatun Cami): Built by Sara Hatun, mother of Ak Koyunlu Sultan Bahadır Han (also known as Uzun Hasan), in 1465 as a small mosque. It was renovated in 1585 and 1843.
  
* Kurşunlu Camii: Built between 1738 and 1739 in Harput during the Ottoman era.
  
* Alacalı Camii
  
* Ağa Camii：1559 年興建。
  
* 阿拉普巴巴清真寺及陵墓（Arap Baba Mescidi ve Türbesi）：Built during the reign of Seljuks Sultan Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev III (Son of Kılıçarslan IV) in 1279. The shrine contains a mummified body which is known as Arap Baba among commons.
  
* Fetih Ahmet Baba Türbesi (Shrine of Fetih Ahmed)
  
* Mansur Baba Türbesi



圖庫


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腳註

本條目出自公有領域：Chisholm, Hugh (編). 大英百科全書 (11th ed.). 劍橋大學出版社. 1911. 



參考資料



外部連結


* Municipality's official website （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

* Governor's official website（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

* Fırat University's official website

* Elâzığ Current Presentation Site （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

* Elâzığ Current Site

* Pictures of the city and many of nearby Harput （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）