乳桿菌屬（拉丁語：_Lactobacillus_）即為乳酸桿菌，是一種存在於人類體內的益生菌。乳桿菌因能夠將碳水化合物發酵成乳酸而得名，可用於製造液態優酪乳、固態奶酪、德國酸菜、啤酒、葡萄酒、泡菜、醃漬食品和其他發酵食品。益生菌能夠幫助消化，有助人體腸臟的健康，因此優酪乳被視為健康食品。



物種

本屬包括以下物種：


* 耐酸乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus acetotolerans Entani et al., 1986_

* _Lactobacillus acidifarinae Vancanneyt et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus acidipiscis Tanasupawat et al., 2000_

* 嗜酸乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus acidophilus''_ (Moro, 1900) Hansen & Mocquot, 1970，嗜酸桿菌

* 嗜酸產氣乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus acidophil-aerogenes_，嗜酸產氣桿菌，嗜酸產氣乳桿菌

* 嗜酸病原乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus acidophilus-pathogenes_

* 敏捷乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus agilis Weiss et al., 1982_

* 嗜醇乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus alcoholphilus_

* _Lactobacillus algidus Kato et al., 2000_

* _Lactobacillus alimentarius_

* _Lactobacillus amylolyticus Bohak et al., 1999_

* _Lactobacillus amylophilus Nakamura & Crowell, 1981_

* _Lactobacillus amylovorus Nakamura, 1981_

* _Lactobacillus animalis Dent & Williams, 1983_

* _Lactobacillus antri Roos et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus apinorum Olofsson et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus apis Killer et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus apodemi Osawa et al., 2006_

* _Lactobacillus aquaticus Mañes-Lázaro et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus aviarius Fujisawa et al., 1985_

* _Lactobacillus backii Tohno et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus bifermentans_

* _Lactobacillus bombi Killer et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus bombicola Praet et al., 2015_

* _Lactobacillus brantae Volokhov et al., 2012_

* 短乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus brevis_ (Orla-Jensen, 1919) Bergey et al., 1934

* _Lactobacillus buchneri_ (Henneberg, 1903) Bergey et al., 1923

* _Lactobacillus cacaonum De Bruyne et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus camelliae Tanasupawat et al., 2007_

* _Lactobacillus capillatus Chao et al., 2008_

* 乾酪乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus casei_ (Orla-Jensen, 1916) Hansen & Lessel, 1971

* _Lactobacillus caviae Killer et al., 2017_

* _Lactobacillus cerevisiae Koob et al., 2017_

* _Lactobacillus ceti Monteros, Goyache, Herraez, Tames, Cruz, Dominguez & Fernandez-Garayzabal, 2008_

* _Lactobacillus ceti Vela et al., 2008_

* _Lactobacillus coleohominis Nikolaitchouk et al., 2001_

* _Lactobacillus colini Zhang et al., 2017_

* _Lactobacillus collinoides Carr & Davies, 1972_

* _Lactobacillus composti Endo & Okada, 2007_

* _Lactobacillus concavus Tong & Dong, 2005_

* _Lactobacillus coryniformis Abo-Elnaga & Kandler, 1965_

* _Lactobacillus crispatus_ (Brygoo & Aladame, 1953) Moore & Holdeman, 1970

* _Lactobacillus crustorum Scheirlinck et al., 2007_

* _Lactobacillus curieae Lei et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus curvatus_ (Troili-Petersson, 1903) Abo-Elnaga & Kandler, 1965

* 德氏乳桿菌 (_L.delbrueckii_)
  
* 德氏乳桿菌保加利亞亞種 _Lactobacillus delbrueckii_ subsp. _bulgaricus_，保加利亞乳桿菌
  
* 德氏乳桿菌指名亞種 _Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii_
  
* _Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. lactis_

* _Lactobacillus dextrinicus_ (Coster & White, 1964) Haakensen et al., 2009

* _Lactobacillus diolivorans Krooneman et al., 2002_

* _Lactobacillus equi Morotomi et al., 2002_

* _Lactobacillus equicursoris Morita et al., 2010_

* _Lactobacillus equigenerosi Endo et al., 2008_

* _Lactobacillus fabifermentans De Bruyne et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus faecis Endo et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus farciminis_

* _Lactobacillus farraginis Endo & Okada, 2007_

* 發酵乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus fermentum_ Beijerinck, 1901

* _Lactobacillus floricola Kawasaki et al., 2011_

* _Lactobacillus florum Endo et al., 2010_

* _Lactobacillus formosensis Chang et al., 2015_

* _Lactobacillus fornicalis Dicks et al., 2000_

* _Lactobacillus fructivorans Charlton et al., 1934_

* _Lactobacillus frumenti Müller et al., 2000_

* _Lactobacillus fuchuensis Sakala et al., 2002_

* _Lactobacillus furfuricola Irisawa et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus futsaii Chao et al., 2012_

* _Lactobacillus gallinarum Fujisawa et al., 1992_

* 戈氏乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus gasseri_ Lauer & Kandler, 1980

* _Lactobacillus gastricus Roos et al., 2005_

* 加納乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus ghanensis Nielsen et al., 2007_

* _Lactobacillus gigeriorum Cousin et al., 2012_

* _Lactobacillus gorillae Tsuchida et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus graminis Beck et al., 1989_

* _Lactobacillus hammesii Valcheva et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus hamsteri Mitsuoka & Fujisawa, 1988_

* 哈爾濱乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus harbinensis Miyamoto et al., 2006_

* _Lactobacillus hayakitensis Morita et al., 2007_

* 黑龍江乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus heilongjiangensis Gu et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus helsingborgensis Olofsson et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus helveticus_ (Orla-Jensen, 1919) Bergey et al., 1925

* _Lactobacillus herbarum Mao et al., 2015_

* _Lactobacillus hilgardii Douglas & Cruess, 1936_

* _Lactobacillus hokkaidonensis Tohno et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus hominis Cousin et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus hordei Rouse et al., 2008_

* 惰性乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus iners_ Falsen et al., 1999

* _Lactobacillus ingluviei Baele et al., 2003_

* _Lactobacillus insicii Ehrmann et al., 2016_

* _Lactobacillus intestinalis_

* _Lactobacillus iwatensis Tohno et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus ixorae Techo et al., 2016_

* _Lactobacillus jensenii Gasser et al., 1970_

* 詹森乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus johnsonii Fujisawa et al., 1992_

* _Lactobacillus kalixensis Roos et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens Fujisawa et al., 1988_

* _Lactobacillus kefiri Kandler & Kunath, 1983_

* _Lactobacillus kimbladii_

* _Lactobacillus kimchicus Liang et al., 2011_

* _Lactobacillus kimchiensis Kim et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus kisonensis Watanabe et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus kitasatonis Mukai et al., 2003_

* 朝鮮乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus koreensis Bui et al., 2011_

* _Lactobacillus kullabergensis Olofsson et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus kunkeei Edwards et al., 1998_

* _Lactobacillus lindneri_

* _Lactobacillus malefermentans_

* _Lactobacillus mali Carr & Davies, 1970_

* _Lactobacillus manihotivorans Morlon-Guyot et al., 1998_

* _Lactobacillus mellifer Olofsson et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus mellis Olofsson et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus melliventris Olofsson et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus mindensis Ehrmann et al., 2003_

* _Lactobacillus mixtipabuli Tohno et al., 2015_

* _Lactobacillus modestisalitolerans Miyashita et al., 2015_

* _Lactobacillus mucosae Roos et al., 2000_

* 牡丹江乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus mudanjiangensis Gu et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus mulieris_

* _Lactobacillus murinus Hemme et al., 1982_

* _Lactobacillus nagelii Edwards et al., 2000_

* _Lactobacillus namurensis Scheirlinck et al., 2007_

* _Lactobacillus nantensis Valcheva et al., 2006_

* _Lactobacillus nasuensis Cai et al., 2012_

* 嫩江乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus nenjiangensis Gu et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus nodensis Kashiwagi et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus odoratitofui Chao et al., 2010_

* _Lactobacillus oeni Mañes-Lázaro et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus oligofermentans Koort et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus oris Farrow & Collins, 1988_

* _Lactobacillus oryzae Tohno et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus otakiensis Watanabe et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus ozensis Kawasaki et al., 2011_

* _Lactobacillus panis Wiese et al., 1996_

* _Lactobacillus panisapium_

* _Lactobacillus pantheris Liu & Dong, 2002_

* _Lactobacillus parabrevis Vancanneyt et al., 2006_

* _Lactobacillus parabuchneri Farrow et al., 1989_

* _Lactobacillus paracasei Collins et al., 1989_

* _Lactobacillus paracollinoides Suzuki et al., 2004_

* _Lactobacillus parafarraginis Endo & Okada, 2007_

* _Lactobacillus paragasseri_

* _Lactobacillus parakefiri Takizawa et al., 1994_

* _Lactobacillus paralimentarius Cai et al., 1999_

* _Lactobacillus paraplantarum Curk et al., 1996_

* _Lactobacillus pasteurii Cousin et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus paucivorans Ehrmann et al., 2010_

* _Lactobacillus pentosiphilus Tohno et al., 2017_

* _Lactobacillus pentosus_

* _Lactobacillus perolens Back et al., 2000_

* _Lactobacillus plajomi Miyashita et al., 2015_

* 植物乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus plantarum_ (Orla-Jensen, 1919) Bergey et al., 1923

* _Lactobacillus pobuzihii Chen et al., 2010_

* _Lactobacillus pontis Vogel et al., 1994_

* _Lactobacillus porci_

* _Lactobacillus porcinae Nguyen et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus psittaci Lawson et al., 2001_

* _Lactobacillus rapi Watanabe et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus rennini Chenoll et al., 2006_

* _Lactobacillus reuteri Kandler et al., 1982_

* 鼠李糖乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus rhamnosus_ (Hansen, 1968) Collins et al., 1989

* _Lactobacillus rodentium Killer et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus rogosae Holdeman & Moore, 1974_

* _Lactobacillus rossiae Corsetti et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus ruminis Sharpe et al., 1973_

* _Lactobacillus saerimneri Pedersen & Roos, 2004_

* _Lactobacillus sakei Katagiri et al., 1934_

* 唾液乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus salivarius Rogosa et al., 1953_

* 舊金山乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis_

* _Lactobacillus saniviri Oki et al., 2012_

* _Lactobacillus satsumensis Endo & Okada, 2005_

* _Lactobacillus secaliphilus Ehrmann et al., 2007_

* _Lactobacillus selangorensis_ (Leisner et al., 2000) Haakensen et al., 2011

* _Lactobacillus senioris Oki et al., 2012_

* _Lactobacillus senmaizukei Hiraga et al., 2008_

* _Lactobacillus sharpeae Weiss et al., 1982_

* 深圳乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus shenzhenensis Zou et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus sicerae Puertas et al., 2014_

* _Lactobacillus silagei Tohno et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus silagincola Tohno et al., 2017_

* _Lactobacillus siliginis Aslam et al., 2006_

* 相似乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus similis Kitahara et al., 2010_

* 松花江乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus songhuajiangensis Gu et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus spicheri Meroth et al., 2004_

* _Lactobacillus suantsaicola Lin et al., 2020_

* _Lactobacillus sucicola Irisawa & Okada, 2009_

* _Lactobacillus suebicus Kleynmans et al., 1989_

* _Lactobacillus sunkii Watanabe et al., 2009_

* 台灣乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus taiwanensis Wang et al., 2009_

* 泰國乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus thailandensis Tanasupawat et al., 2007_

* _Lactobacillus tucceti Chenoll et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus ultunensis Roos et al., 2005_

* _Lactobacillus uvarum Mañes-Lázaro et al., 2009_

* _Lactobacillus vaccinostercus Kozaki & Okada, 1983_

* _Lactobacillus vaginalis Embley et al., 1989_

* _Lactobacillus versmoldensis Kröckel et al., 2003_

* _Lactobacillus vespulae Hoang et al., 2015_

* _Lactobacillus vini Rodas et al., 2006_

* _Lactobacillus wasatchensis Oberg et al., 2016_

* 襄樊乳桿菌 _Lactobacillus xiangfangensis Gu et al., 2012_

* _Lactobacillus xujianguonis_

* _Lactobacillus yonginensis Yi et al., 2013_

* _Lactobacillus zeae_

* _Lactobacillus zymae Vancanneyt et al., 2005_



參見


* 益生菌

* 優酪乳

* 益力多

* 可爾必思



參考資料



外部連結


* Prakash, S. et al. 「The Gut Microbiota and Human Health with an Emphasis on the Use of Microencapsulated Bacterial Cells」, Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology (2011),（頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）

* 維基物種上的相關資訊：乳桿菌屬

* List of species of the genus Lactobacillus

* Interna （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館） tionally certified patented strains （頁面存檔備份，存於網際網路檔案館）