yz2022/T2P-DownstreamNLP huggingface dataset:
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Archivist of the United States is the chief official overseeing the operation of the National Archives and Records Administration. The Archivist not only maintains the official documentation of the passage of amendments to the U.S. Constitution by state legislatures, but has the authority to declare when the constitutional threshold for passage has been reached, and therefore when an act has become an amendment.

Question: What is the official that oversees the operation of NARA?
Answer: The Archivist

Question: What member of NARA has the ability to declare when the constitutional threshold of passage has ocurred?
Answer: The Archivist
Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

The design of the Institute's Mycenean lions medal and the motto ‘Usui civium, decori urbium' has been attributed to Thomas Leverton Donaldson, who had been honorary secretary until 1839. The RIBA Guide to its Archive and History (Angela Mace,1986) records that the first official version of this badge was used as a bookplate for the Institute's library and publications from 1835 to 1891, when it was redesigned by J.H.Metcalfe. It was again redesigned in 1931 by Eric Gill and in 1960 by Joan Hassall. The description in the 1837 by-laws was: "gules, two lions rampant guardant or, supporting a column marked with lines chevron, proper, all standing on a base of the same; a garter surrounding the whole with the inscription Institute of British Architects, anno salutis MDCCCXXXIV; above a mural crown proper, and beneath the motto Usui civium decori urbium ".

Question: What was Donaldson's role within the Royal Institute?
Answer: honorary secretary

Question: Who is responsible for the use of 'usui civium decori urbium'?
Answer: Thomas Leverton Donaldson

Question: What was the first Latin phrase used by the Royal Institute?
Answer: Usui civium decori urbium

Question: Who reworked the Royal Institute's medal desgin in 1931?
Answer: Eric Gill
Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

The library is based at two public sites: the Reading Room at the RIBA's headquarters, 66 Portland Place, London; and the RIBA Architecture Study Rooms in the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A. The Reading Room, designed by the building's architect George Grey Wornum and his wife Miriam, retains its original 1934 Art Deco interior with open bookshelves, original furniture and double-height central space. The study rooms, opened in 2004, were designed by Wright & Wright. The library is funded entirely by the RIBA but it is open to the public without charge. It operates a free education programme aimed at students, education groups and families, and an information service for RIBA members and the public through the RIBA Information Centre.

Question: Where is the Royal Institute Library's Reading Room located?
Answer: 66 Portland Place

Question: Where are RIBA's Study Rooms located?
Answer: the Henry Cole Wing of the V&A

Question: In what year did the Royal Institute's Reading Rooms open?
Answer: 2004

Question: What art style was used inthe design of the Reading Room?
Answer: Art Deco

Question: Who is meant to benefit from teaching provided by the RIBA library?
Answer: students, education groups and families
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The National Archives and Records Administration (NARA) is an independent agency of the United States government charged with preserving and documenting government and historical records and with increasing public access to those documents, which comprise the National Archives. NARA is officially responsible for maintaining and publishing the legally authentic and authoritative copies of acts of Congress, presidential proclamations and executive orders, and federal regulations. The NARA also transmits votes of the Electoral College to Congress.

Question: What independent agency preserves the original copy of executive orders?
Answer: National Archives and Records Administration
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Question: Most of NARA's holdings are available to sector?
Answer: public domain

Question: Federal government works are excluded from what legal protection?
Answer: copyright

Question: Some records at NARA are legally protected by what?
Answer: copyright
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification.

Question: What Executive order created the National Declassification Center?
Answer: Executive Order 13526

Question: What year was Executive Order 13526 created?
Answer: 2010
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Question: What executive order directs agencies to declassify documents before sending them to NARA?
Answer: Executive Order 13526
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research. This includes census records from 1790 to 1930, ships' passenger lists, and naturalization records.

Question: Besides census records and passenger lists, what NARA documents are particularly useful to genealogists?
Answer: naturalization records
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In 2010, Executive Order 13526 created the National Declassification Center to coordinate declassification practices across agencies, provide secure document services to other agencies, and review records in NARA custody for declassification.

Question: What was the aim of Executive Order 13526?
Answer: coordinate declassification practices
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Many of NARA's most requested records are frequently used for genealogy research. This includes census records from 1790 to 1930, ships' passenger lists, and naturalization records.

Question: For what time period does NARA have census records available for?
Answer: 1790 to 1930
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Most records at NARA are in the public domain, as works of the federal government are excluded from copyright protection. However, records from other sources may still be protected by copyright or donor agreements. Executive Order 13526 directs originating agencies to declassify documents if possible before shipment to NARA for long-term storage, but NARA also stores some classified documents until they can be declassified. Its Information Security Oversight Office monitors and sets policy for the U.S. government's security classification system.

Question: What office of NARA oversees the declassification of classified materials?
Answer: Information Security Oversight Office
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In March 2006, it was revealed by the Archivist of the United States in a public hearing that a memorandum of understanding between NARA and various government agencies existed to "reclassify", i.e., withdraw from public access, certain documents in the name of national security, and to do so in a manner such that researchers would not be likely to discover the process (the U.S. reclassification program). An audit indicated that more than one third withdrawn since 1999 did not contain sensitive information. The program was originally scheduled to end in 2007.

Question: When was the reclassification program originally intended to end?
Answer: 2007
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce. As a result, all filming, photographing, and videotaping by the public in the exhibition areas has been prohibited since February 25, 2010.

Question: Since when has all filming and photography in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom been banned?
Answer: February 25, 2010

Question: For how long has the National Archives prohibited flash photography?
Answer: over 30 years
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In March 2006, it was revealed by the Archivist of the United States in a public hearing that a memorandum of understanding between NARA and various government agencies existed to "reclassify", i.e., withdraw from public access, certain documents in the name of national security, and to do so in a manner such that researchers would not be likely to discover the process (the U.S. reclassification program). An audit indicated that more than one third withdrawn since 1999 did not contain sensitive information. The program was originally scheduled to end in 2007.

Question: How was the reclassification of documents in '06 revealed?
Answer: public hearing
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Once inside the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom, there are no lines to see the individual documents and visitors are allowed to walk from document to document as they wish. For over 30 years the National Archives have forbidden flash photography but the advent of cameras with automatic flashes have made the rules increasingly difficult to enforce. As a result, all filming, photographing, and videotaping by the public in the exhibition areas has been prohibited since February 25, 2010.

Question: What is an aspect of a visit to the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Answer: no lines

Question: What has made the no photography rule hard to enforce in the Rotunda for the Charters of Freedom?
Answer: advent of cameras with automatic flashes
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

NARA also maintains the Presidential Library system, a nationwide network of libraries for preserving and making available the documents of U.S. presidents since Herbert Hoover. The Presidential Libraries include:

Question: What agency maintains the Presidential Library system?
Answer: NARA

Question: What is the system that preserves the documents of US Presidents?
Answer: Presidential Library system

Question: Who is the earliest President that is represented in the archives of the Presidential Library system?
Answer: Herbert Hoover

Question: In what area of the US can one find the Presidential Library system libraries?
Answer: nationwide
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park). Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times has elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room.

Question: What does The Washington National Records Center primarily store?
Answer: federal records

Question: Where is The Washington National Records Center located?
Answer: Suitland, Maryland

Question: After staying at the WNRC, where are records transferred to?
Answer: the National Archives
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In addition, Federal Records Centers exist in each region that house materials owned by Federal agencies. Federal Records Centers are not open for public research. For example, the FRC in Lenexa, Kansas holds items from the treatment of John F. Kennedy after his fatal shooting in 1963.

Question: When was JFK shot?
Answer: 1963
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Originally, each branch and agency of the U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in records loss and destruction. Congress established the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record keeping, with the Archivist of the United States as chief administrator. The National Archives was incorporated with GSA in 1949; in 1985 it became an independent agency as NARA (National Archives and Records Administration).

Question: What year was the National Archives Establishment established in?
Answer: 1934
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park). Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times has elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room.

Question: What happens to temporary records at the WNRC if they are not retrieved by the end of the retention times?
Answer: destroyed
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

Question: When did the first Archivist start at the National Archives?
Answer: 1934
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Question: Where are archival descriptions of holdings under the custody of NARA stored?
Answer: Archival Research Catalog (ARC)

Question: Archival descriptions include traditional paper holdings, electron records, and what?
Answer: artifacts
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

Question: What branch of the US government established the National Archives?
Answer: Congress

Question: What commission merged the National Archives with GSA?
Answer: Hoover Commission
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The Washington National Records Center (WNRC), located in Suitland, Maryland is a large warehouse type facility which stores federal records which are still under the control of the creating agency. Federal government agencies pay a yearly fee for storage at the facility. In accordance with federal records schedules, documents at WNRC are transferred to the legal custody of the National Archives after a certain point (this usually involves a relocation of the records to College Park). Temporary records at WNRC are either retained for a fee or destroyed after retention times has elapsed. WNRC also offers research services and maintains a small research room.

Question: Beyond the storage of federal records, what service does the WNRC provide?
Answer: research
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

Question: The Archivist took on what role after the incorporation of the Nation Archives into GSA?
Answer: subordinate official
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Question: As of the end mid December of 2012, how many logical data records are stored at NARA?
Answer: 10 billion

Question: How many digital copies of previously digitized materials were there in December of 2012?
Answer: 922,000
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Originally, each branch and agency of the U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in records loss and destruction. Congress established the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record keeping, with the Archivist of the United States as chief administrator. The National Archives was incorporated with GSA in 1949; in 1985 it became an independent agency as NARA (National Archives and Records Administration).

Question: In what year did NARA become an independent agency?
Answer: 1985
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Archival descriptions of the permanent holdings of the federal government in the custody of NARA are stored in Archival Research Catalog (ARC). The archival descriptions include information on traditional paper holdings, electronic records, and artifacts. As of December 2012, the catalog consisted of about 10 billion logical data records describing 527,000 artifacts and encompassing 81% of NARA's records. There are also 922,000 digital copies of already digitized materials.

Question: The 10 billion logical data records are linked to how many artifacts?
Answer: 527,000
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In addition, Federal Records Centers exist in each region that house materials owned by Federal agencies. Federal Records Centers are not open for public research. For example, the FRC in Lenexa, Kansas holds items from the treatment of John F. Kennedy after his fatal shooting in 1963.

Question: Where are some of the items relevant to JFKs medical treatments housed?
Answer: Federal Records Centers

Question: Federal Records Centers are particularly unhelpful to what type of research?
Answer: public

Question: Which Federal Records Center houses materials relevant to JFKs assassination? 
Answer: FRC in Lenexa, Kansas
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

The first Archivist, R.D.W. Connor, began serving in 1934, when the National Archives was established by Congress. As a result of a first Hoover Commission recommendation, in 1949 the National Archives was placed within the newly formed General Services Administration (GSA). The Archivist served as a subordinate official to the GSA Administrator until the National Archives and Records Administration became an independent agency on April 1, 1985.

Question: Who was the first Archivist at the National Archives?
Answer: R.D.W. Connor
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Originally, each branch and agency of the U.S. government was responsible for maintaining its own documents, which often resulted in records loss and destruction. Congress established the National Archives Establishment in 1934 to centralize federal record keeping, with the Archivist of the United States as chief administrator. The National Archives was incorporated with GSA in 1949; in 1985 it became an independent agency as NARA (National Archives and Records Administration).

Question: In what year was The National Archives merged with GSA?
Answer: 1949
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

In an effort to make its holdings more widely available and more easily accessible, the National Archives began entering into public–private partnerships in 2006. A joint venture with Google will digitize and offer NARA video online. When announcing the agreement, Archivist Allen Weinstein said that this pilot program is

Question: In what year did the National Archives make strides towards making its holdings more widely available?
Answer: 2006

Question: What large internet company has partnered with NARA to digitize records?
Answer: Google

Question: What is Google helping NARA with?
Answer: digitize and offer NARA video online
Royal_Institute_of_British_Architects

RIBA runs many awards including the Stirling Prize for the best new building of the year, the Royal Gold Medal (first awarded in 1848), which honours a distinguished body of work, and the Stephen Lawrence Prize for projects with a construction budget of less than £500,000. The RIBA also awards the President's Medals for student work, which are regarded as the most prestigious awards in architectural education, and the RIBA President's Awards for Research. The RIBA European Award was inaugurated in 2005 for work in the European Union, outside the UK. The RIBA National Award and the RIBA International Award were established in 2007. Since 1966, the RIBA also judges regional awards which are presented locally in the UK regions (East, East Midlands, London, North East, North West, Northern Ireland, Scotland, South/South East, South West/Wessex, Wales, West Midlands and Yorkshire).

Question: What is the Royal Gold Medal awarded for?
Answer: a distinguished body of work

Question: What is the limit of how much can be spent on projects receiving the Stephen Lawrence Prize?
Answer: £500,000
National_Archives_and_Records_Administration

Because of space constraints, NARA opened a second facility, known informally as Archives II, in 1994 near the University of Maryland, College Park campus (8601 Adelphi Road, College Park, MD, 20740-6001). Largely because of this proximity, NARA and the University of Maryland engage in cooperative initiatives. The College Park campus includes an archaeological site that was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Question: What is the second facility of NARA named?
Answer: Archives II

Question: What college is Archives II closest to?
Answer: University of Maryland

Question: When was Archives II opened?
Answer: 1994

Question: What college does NARA have cooperatives initiatives with?
Answer: University of Maryland