yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
An Improved VME Technique via Heap Based Optimization Algorithm and AWIT Method for PLI and MA Noise Elimination in ECG
New Constructions for Near-Optimal Sets of Frequency-Hopping Sequences via the Gaussian Periods in Finite Fields
Robust Adaptive Beamforming Using Noise Reduction Preprocessing-Based Fully Automatic Diagonal Loading and Steering Vector Estimation
Improving Cardiovascular Disease Prediction With Deep Learning and Correlation-Aware SMOTE
Deep Learning-Based Channel Estimation for Massive-MIMO With Mixed-Resolution ADCs and Low-Resolution Information Utilization
X-SPIDE: An eXplainable Machine Learning Pipeline for Detecting Smart Ponzi Contracts in Ethereum
An Adaptive Collection Scheme-Based Matrix Completion for Data Gathering in Energy-Harvesting Wireless Sensor Networks
A Survey on Mobile Learning for Adult Learners: State-of-the-Art, Taxonomy, and Challenges
Synthetic Blood Smears Generation Using Locality Sensitive Hashing and Deep Neural Networks
Staff Hiring and Reassignment Based on Resource-Constrained Project Scheduling
EchoBERT: A Transformer-Based Approach for Behavior Detection in Echograms
Energy Optimized Virtual Network Embedding With Location Constraint in the Enterprise Network
Fractional-Order PID Controller Design for Time-Delay Systems Based on Modified Bode's Ideal Transfer Function
Long-Term, Multivariate Time Series Generation With the Capture of Intervariate Correlations and Variatewise Characteristics
A Dynamic Knowledge Diagnosis Approach Integrating Cognitive Features
Advancements on Grid Compliance in Wind Power: Component & Subsystem Testing, Software-/Hardware-in-the-Loop, and Digital Twins
Refining the Measurement of Topic Similarities Through Bibliographic Coupling and LDA
Traveling-Wave Series-Fed Patch Array Antenna Using Novel Reflection-Canceling Elements for Flexible Beam
Accelerated Life Test for Reliability Evaluation of Pneumatic Cylinders
Trajectory Generation of a Quadrotor Transporting a Bulky Payload in the Cluttered Environments
Discrete Modeling and Period-Adding Bifurcation of DC-DC Converter Feeding Constant Power Load
Energy-Efficient Dynamic Vehicle Routing for Waste Collection by Q-Learning-Based Hyperheuristic Particle Swarm Optimization
Effective Voting-Based Ensemble Learning for Segregated Load Forecasting With Low Sampling Data
Driving-Charging Integrated Controller for Electric Vehicles
Evolutionary Characteristics of Magnetic Field for the Permanent Magnet In-Wheel Motor Under Time-Dependent Demagnetization
Microstrip-Line Sensor for the Estimation of the Fluid Level Inside a Closed Metal Pipe
Time-Effective Dust Deposition Analysis of PV Modules Based on Finite Element Simulation for Candidate Site Determination
Devanagari Character Recognition: A Comprehensive Literature Review
An Empirical Study on the Influence of Internet Attention on the Performance of Individual Stocks in the Securities Market Under the Environment of Big Data
The Partner Selection Modes for Knowledge-Based Innovation Networks: A Multiagent Simulation
Fast in-Band Position-Aided Beam Selection in Millimeter-Wave MIMO
Deep Learning-Based Multimodal Abnormal Gait Classification Using a 3D Skeleton and Plantar Foot Pressure
Fabric Defect Detection Based on Membership Degree of Regions
Pricing Strategy of Multi-Energy Provider Considering Integrated Demand Response
O-RAN-Enabled Adaptive Relaying for Robust V2X Communication in Urban NLOS Scenarios
On the Uplink Achievable Rate for Massive MIMO With 1-Bit ADC and Superimposed Pilots
AgTech: Volatility Prediction for Agricultural Commodity Exchange Trading Applied Deep Learning
Dead Band Zone Model Predictive Control of Cut Tobacco Drying Process
An IEC 62443-Based Framework for Secure-by-Design Energy Communities
Investigation and Analysis of Novel Skewing in a 140 kW Traction Motor of Railway Cars That Accommodate Limited Inverter Switching Frequency and Totally Enclosed Cooling System
People Identification in Private Car Using 3D LiDAR With Generative Image Inpainting and YOLOv5
Real-Time Seismic Waveforms Estimation of the 2019 MW = 6.4 and Mw = 7.1 California Earthquakes With High-Rate Multi-GNSS Observations
Advancements in PV Array Reconfiguration Techniques: Review Article
Joint Distribution Center Location Problem for Restaurant Industry Based on Improved K-Means Algorithm With Penalty
Single Image Super Resolution Model Using Learnable Weight Factor in Residual Skip Connection
Natural Heterogeneity Prevents Synchronization of Fridges With Deterministic Frequency Control
Renal Biopsy Pathological Tissue Segmentation: A Comprehensive Review and Experimental Analysis
Multiband Reconfigurable Antennas for 5G Wireless and CubeSat Applications: A Review
Feature Selection of Input Variables for Intelligence Joint Moment Prediction Based on Binary Particle Swarm Optimization
Advanced Techniques for Designing Wideband and Highly Selective Bandpass Filters Through Cascaded Modules
A High-Efficiency High Power Driver Circuit for Joint Illumination and Communication System With Phase Shift Pre-Emphasis Technology
In Vitro Study of Neurochemical Changes Following Low-Intensity Magnetic Stimulation
Automatic Identification of Narratives: Evaluation Framework, Annotation Methodology, and Dataset Creation
Dissipative Consensus Tracking of Fuzzy Multi-Agent Systems Via Adaptive Protocol
Close-Contact Detection Using a Single Camera for Sports Considering Occlusion
Uncovering the Cloak: A Systematic Review of Techniques Used to Conceal Phishing Websites
Sequential Training of Neural Networks With Gradient Boosting
Optimal Leg Linkage Design for Horizontal Propel of a Walking Robot Using Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm
Deep Learning for Fault Diagnosis in Power Transmission Lines: Current Trends, Limitations, and Future Directions
Knee Joint Torque Estimation in Femoral Prosthesis Users Using MMG and Low-Frequency Acceleration
A Benefit Conflict Resolution Approach for Production Planning Energy Optimization of Group Manufacturing
Spatio-Temporal Crime HotSpot Detection and Prediction: A Systematic Literature Review
Power System Stability With High Penetration of Renewable Energy Sources: Challenges, Assessment, and Mitigation Strategies
A Framework for Enhancing the Operational Phase of Traffic Management Plans
RESTORE: Low-Energy Drone-Assisted NLoS-FSO Emergency Communications
Leveraging Knowledge-Based Features With Multilevel Attention Mechanisms for Short Arabic Text Classification
AUPOD: End-to-End Automatic Poster Design by Self-Supervision
Individual Pitch Control of Wind Turbines Based on SVM Load Estimation and LIDAR Measurement
Learning Gain Self-Regulation Iterative Learning Control for Suppressing Singular System Measurement Noise
Proactive Edge Caching in Vehicular Networks: An Online Bandit Learning Approach
Hole-Filling of RealSense Depth Images Using a Color Edge Map
Asymmetric Loss Functions and Deep Densely-Connected Networks for Highly-Imbalanced Medical Image Segmentation: Application to Multiple Sclerosis Lesion Detection
Toward Automatic Streetside Building Identification With an Integrated YOLO Model for Building Detection and a Vision Transformer for Identification
Switched-LC Hybrid Converters for Versatile Power Supply With DC and Multiple AC Outputs
A Cancer Diagnosis Method Combining miRNA-lncRNA Interaction Pairs and Class Weight Competition
Improved Slime Mould Algorithm Using Logical Chaos Perturbation and Reference Point Non-Dominated Sorting for Multi-Objective Optimization
Design of a New Monopulse Horn Antenna by Orbital Angular Momentum Generation
Joint Multiclass Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation for Autonomous Driving
An Approximate Bufferless Network-on-Chip
Assessment of Virtual Reality as a Pedagogical Tool Using ARCS and TAM in a Latin American Context
Robustness of Interval-Valued Intuitionistic Fuzzy Reasoning Quintuple Implication Method
Context-Aware Implicit Authentication of Smartphone Users Based on Multi-Sensor Behavior
Efficient Multiview Nonlinear Correspondence With Variational GP Mixtures
Research on Detection Method of Transmission Line Strand Breakage Based on Improved YOLOv8 Network Model
Parallel Multidimensional Lookahead Sorting Algorithm
Real Time Intelligent Detection of PQ Disturbances With Variational Mode Energy Features and Hybrid Optimized Light GBM Classifier
Event-Based Asynchronous Resilient Control for Markov Jump CPSs Against Cyber-Attacks and Actuator Failures
Ground Motion Prediction Equations for Malaysia Due to Subduction Zone Earthquakes in Sumatran Region
Tm 3+ -Doped Harmonic Dissipative Soliton Mode-Locked Fiber Laser at 1.93 µm Based on Tungsten Disulfide in Anomalous Dispersion Regime
ECG Heartbeat Classification Using CNN Autoencoder Feature Extraction and Attention-Augmented BiLSTM Classifier
Multi-Branch Feature Alignment Network for Misaligned and Occluded Person Re-Identification
Study on a Cylindrical Sensor Network for Intelligent Health Monitoring and Prognosis
A Survey on Natural Image Matting With Closed-Form Solutions
Microwave Sensing of Water Quality
Association Between Pain in Knee Osteoarthritis and Mechanical Properties of Soft Tissue Around Knee Joint
A Generative Human-Robot Motion Retargeting Approach Using a Single RGBD Sensor
Extended Beam Approximation for High-Frequency Wave Propagation
New Energy Wide Area Complementary Planning Method for Multi-Energy Power System
Human Body Shadowing Properties of the Sub-6GHz Electromagnetic-Wave Mainstream Frequency Band
Analyzing Tweeting Patterns and Public Engagement on Twitter During the Recognition Period of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study of Two U.S. States
FedXHDP: A Federated XGBoost Framework With Hierarchical Differential Privacy for Horizontally Partitioned Data
Energy Recovery and Energy Harvesting in Electric and Fuel Cell Vehicles, a Review of Recent Advances
Secure Cloud Storage Based on RLWE Problem
Hybrid ADRC and PI Controller Design for Three-Phase Inverter With Nonlinear Loads
A Highly Integrated Radio Frequency Receiver RF CMOS Module for Core Body Temperature Thermometer
Health Assessment for a Sensor Network With Data Loss Based on Belief Rule Base
Toward Effective Response to Natural Disasters: A Data Science Approach
Quantum-Aided Multi-User Transmission in Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Systems
Nonlinear Cooperative Sensing Under Constrained Communication
Prediction of Peak Pressure by Blast Wave Propagation Between Buildings Using a Conditional 3D Convolutional Neural Network
High-Gain, Circularly-Polarized THz Antenna With Proper Modeling of Structures With Thin Metallic Walls
Toward an Effective Community Energy Management by Using a Cluster Storage
Routing Optimization for Healthcare Waste Collection With Temporary Storing Risks and Sequential Uncertain Service Requests
Impact of Generative Modeling for Fundus Image Augmentation With Improved and Degraded Quality in the Classification of Glaucoma
Correlation-Concealing Adversarial Noise Injection for Improved Disentanglement in Label-Based Image Translation
Wearables and the Internet of Things (IoT), Applications, Opportunities, and Challenges: A Survey
ASMC and ARSMC Cascaded Controller Design for QUAVs With Time-Varying Load and Unknown Disturbances
RSSI Improved for LoRa Wireless Communication, Field-Tested in the Wide-Open Area
Explainable Deep Learning System for Advanced Silicon and Silicon Carbide Electrical Wafer Defect Map Assessment
Unified Power Allocation for Receive Spatial Modulation Based on Approximate Optimization
Toward Explainable AI in Satellite Imagery: A ResNet-50-Based Study on EuroSAT Classification
5G/6G Architecture Evolution for XR and Metaverse: Feasibility Study, Security, and Privacy Challenges for Smart Culture Applications
Dynamic Resource Allocation With RAN Slicing and Scheduling for uRLLC and eMBB Hybrid Services
A Comprehensive Evaluation of Byzantine Attacks and Defenses Under Data Heterogeneity
Inferring Anchor Links Based on Social Network Structure
ASIC Design for Real-Time One-Shot Correction of Optical Aberrations and Perspective Distortion in Microdisplay Systems
A Phasor Estimation Algorithm Based on Iterative Filtering to Remove the Decaying Direct Current Component
Novel Method for Designing Waveform With Good Correlation Properties Based on High-Order Norm Unified Representation
Long-Term Wind Power Forecasting Using Tree-Based Learning Algorithms
Fast Polar Decoding With Successive Cancellation List Creeper Algorithm
Drone Assisted Network Coded Cooperation With Energy Harvesting: Strengthening the Lifespan of the Wireless Networks
Recent Development of Grid-Connected Microgrid Scheduling Controllers for Sustainable Energy: A Bibliometric Analysis and Future Directions
A Full-Image Full-Resolution End-to-End-Trainable CNN Framework for Image Forgery Detection
Torque Ripple Suppression of Switched Reluctance Motor Based on Fuzzy Indirect Instant Torque Control
Cellular Network-Supported Machine Learning Techniques for Autonomous UAV Trajectory Planning
A Voxelized Transformer-Based Neural Network for 3D Reconstruction From Multi-Energy SEM Backscattered Electrons
Efficient IDS for IoT Networks Using Host-Based Data Aggregation and Multi-Entropy Analysis
A Blockchain Smart Contract Based on Light- Weighted Quantum Blind Signature
Retention Characteristics Dependent on High-κ Gate-Insulator Stack in Hf-ZnO Synaptic Thin-Film Transistors
An Efficient Optimal CapsNet Model-Based Computer-Aided Diagnosis for Gastrointestinal Cancer Classification
Dynamical Complexity in a Class of Novel Discrete-Time Predator-Prey Interaction With Cannibalism
The Improved RRT Integrated With the Artificial Potential Field Path Planning Algorithm
Development of Energy-Based Brittleness Index for Sandstone Subjected to Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Impact Loads
Experimental Investigation of Free Space Optical Channel Performance in the Arctic Weather
Stereo Laryngoscopic Impact Site Prediction for Droplet-Based Stimulation of the Laryngeal Adductor Reflex
Transformation to Advanced Mechatronics Systems Within New Industrial Revolution: A Novel Framework in Automation of Everything (AoE)
Texture Attention Network for Diabetic Retinopathy Classification
On the Joint Usage of Target Wake Time and 802.11ba Wake-Up Radio
Spectrum Allocation With Asymmetric Monopoly Model for Multibeam-Based Cognitive Satellite Networks
Optimal Job Role Allocation for Compliance With NCA-ECC Controls Using the Saudi Cybersecurity Workforce Framework
Design and Characteristic Analysis of a New Dual-Stator Bearingless Switched Reluctance Motor
A Mathematical Model and Two-Stage Heuristic for the Container Stowage Planning Problem With Stability Parameters
A Dynamic Rectified Linear Activation Units
Denoised Maximum Likelihood Estimation of Chest Wall Displacement from the IR-UWB Spectrum
Multidimensional OAM-Based Secure High-Speed Wireless Communications
CMOS-Based Single-Cycle in-Memory XOR/XNOR
Complex Short Circuit Ratio to Evaluate Grid Robustness for Inverter Integration
Optimal Defense Strategies Against Ransomware With Quantum Acceleration
Multi-Relay Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Network With Cache-Enabled Users
Assessing Footwear Comfort by Electroencephalography Analysis
Provable Data Integrity of Cloud Storage Service With Enhanced Security in the Internet of Things
Hybrid GA and Improved CNN Algorithm for Power Plant Transformer Condition Monitoring Model
Discrete Near-Optimal Wave Disturbances Rejection Control for Offshore Platforms With Delays in Measurement and Actuator
High-Voltage Stations for Electric Vehicle Fast-Charging: Trends, Standards, Charging Modes and Comparison of Unity Power-Factor Rectifiers
Evaluation of Kaiser Function-Based Linear Array Performance in Suppressing SLL and Its Experimental Approach
Exclusive Region Design for Spatial Grid-Based Spectrum Database: A Stochastic Geometry Approach
RUL Prediction of Lithium-Ion Battery Based on Improved DGWO-ELM Method in a Random Discharge Rates Environment
FMSNet: A Multi-Stream CNN for Multi-Stereo Image Classification by Feature Map Sharing
A Real-Time Bridge Crack Detection Method Based on an Improved Inception-Resnet-v2 Structure
Parameter Optimization Design and Experiment of Root-Cutting Device of Self-Propelled Chinese Cabbage Harvester
A Granular Computing Method for Economic Dispatch Problems With Valve-Point Effects
Distributed Output-Feedback Tracking Control for a Class of Nonlinear Multi-Agent Systems With Polynomial Growth
Construction of Digital Twin System for Cold Chain Logistics Stereo Warehouse
Reputation-Based Approach Toward Web Content Credibility Analysis
Low-Complexity Selective Mapping Methods for Multicarrier Faster-Than-Nyquist Signaling
The Missing Link in Network Intrusion Detection: Taking AI/ML Research Efforts to Users
Dark Web: E-Commerce Information Extraction Based on Name Entity Recognition Using Bidirectional-LSTM
Improved Deadbeat Predictive Current Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Using a Novel Stator Current and Disturbance Observer
Optimal Kinodynamic Trajectory Planner for Mobile Robots in an Unknown Environment Using Bézier Contours
Design and Implementation of Open LoRa for IoT
Force and Moment Compensation Method Based on Three Degree-of-Freedom Stiffness-Damping Identification for Manipulator Docking Hardware-In-The-Loop Simulation System
Robust Controller Design for Non-Minimum Phase UAV System and System Analysis
Imitating Contributed Players Promotes Cooperation in the Prisoner's Dilemma Game
Software-Defined Next-Generation Satellite Networks: Architecture, Challenges, and Solutions
Meta-Learning for Indian Languages: Performance Analysis and Improvements With Linguistic Similarity Measures
Integration of Twin Models in UVM Verification IPs for Space Telecommunication Systems
Ultrasound Image Segmentation Method for Thyroid Nodules Using ASPP Fusion Features
Active Frequency Selective Surface With Wide Reconfigurable Passband
A Case Study of Transactional Workload Running in Virtual Machines: The Performance Evaluation of a Flight Seats Availability Service
Real-Time Team Performance and Workload Prediction From Voice Communications
WebProfiler: User Interaction Prediction Framework for Web Applications
Modeling of Mixing Uniformity for Food With Special Medicinal Purposes Based on Chinese Herbal Medicine
A Probabilistic Algorithm for Predictive Control With Full-Complexity Models in Non-Residential Buildings
Detecting Regimes of Economic Growth With Fuzzy Concept-Based Models
Specific Heat Capacity Extraction of Soybean Oil/MXene Nanofluids Using Optimized Long Short-Term Memory
Optimal Design of Sparse Array for Ultrasonic Total Focusing Method by Binary Particle Swarm Optimization
Alleviating I/O Interference in Virtualized Systems With VM-Aware Persistency Control
Low-Latency Adaptive Ordered Statistic Decoding of Polar Codes
Prediction of Lumen Depreciation and Color Shift for Phosphor-Converted White Light-Emitting Diodes Based on A Spectral Power Distribution Analysis Method
Statistical Multiplexing Gain Analysis of Processing Resources in Centralized Radio Access Networks
An Introduction to Dew Computing: Definition, Concept and Implications
QueryMintAI: Multipurpose Multimodal Large Language Models for Personal Data
Inverse Gaussian Degradation Modeling and Reliability Assessment Considering Unobservable Heterogeneity
Hierarchical Model Predictive Control for Optimization of Vehicle Speed and Battery Thermal Using Vehicle Connectivity
A Survey of Post-Hoc XAI Methods From a Visualization Perspective: Challenges and Opportunities
Multi-Task Convolutional Neural Network for Image Aesthetic Assessment
Decoupled Longitudinal and Lateral Vehicle Control Based Autonomous Lane Change System Adaptable to Driving Surroundings
A Dual-Axis Wide-Beam Microstrip Patch Antenna Using Linear Parasitic Line Elements
SC-Fano Decoding of Polar Codes
WeExt: A Framework of Extending Deterministic Knowledge Graph Embedding Models for Embedding Weighted Knowledge Graphs
Video Quality Prediction: An Exploratory Study With Valence and Arousal Signals
Metadata and Review-Based Hybrid Apparel Recommendation System Using Cascaded Large Language Models
Know You Neighbor: Fast Static Prediction of Test Flakiness
Exploring Deep Clustering Methods in Vibro-Acoustic Sensing for Enhancing Biological Tissue Characterization
Research on Losses and Heat Dissipation of Saturable Reactor Used in Converter Valve
Selective Timewarp Based on Embedded Motion Vectors for Interactive Cloud Virtual Reality
Receiver Design to Employ Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transmission with Joint CFO and Channel Estimation
Insights and Strategies for an Autonomous Vehicle With a Sensor Fusion Innovation: A Fictional Outlook
Simultaneous Basis and Information Reconciliation in Quantum Key Distribution
General Three-Population Multi-Strategy Evolutionary Games for Long-Term On-Grid Bidding of Generation-Side Electricity Market
Intelligent Fusion of Deep Features for Improved Waste Classification
A Statistical Robust Glaucoma Detection Framework Combining Retinex, CNN, and DOE Using Fundus Images
Multi-Stage Real-Time Identification for Data Stream Events With Drift Feature Based on DTW
EST-YOLOv5s: SAR Image Aircraft Target Detection Model Based on Improved YOLOv5s
The Security Network Coding System With Physical Layer Key Generation in Two-Way Relay Networks
A New Hybrid MFO-WO Algorithm and Its Application to Design of FOPID/PID Controller for IoT Applications
An Asymmetric Switched-Capacitor Multicell Inverter With Low Number of DC Source and Voltage Stress for Renewable Energy Sources
Smart Mobile Features for Hajj: From Pilgrim Challenges to Feasible Solutions
Topological Forest
EC-Crypto: Highly Efficient Area-Delay Optimized Elliptic Curve Cryptography Processor
5G Cellular and Fixed Satellite Service Spectrum Coexistence in C-Band
Adaptive Binary Bat and Markov Clustering Algorithms for Optimal Text Feature Selection in News Events Detection Model
A Chaos-Based Image Encryption Technique Utilizing Hilbert Curves and H-Fractals
Integrated Autonomous Relative Navigation Method Based on Vision and IMU Data Fusion
An Innovative Multi-Layer Gamification Framework for Improved STEM Learning Experience
A Survey of Big Data Analytics for Smart Forestry
Active Learning for Uneven Noisy Labeled Data in Mention-Level Relation Extraction
Remaining Useful Life Prediction for a Machine With Multiple Dependent Features Based on Bayesian Dynamic Linear Model and Copulas
Semi-Automatic Building Layout Generation for Virtual Environments
Deep Learning With Tensor Factorization Layers for Sequential Fault Diagnosis and Industrial Process Monitoring
Online Caching and Cooperative Forwarding in Information Centric Networking
A Hybrid Transforms-Based Robust Video Zero-Watermarking Algorithm for Resisting High Efficiency Video Coding Compression
An Energy-Aware Task Offloading and Load Balancing for Latency-Sensitive IoT Applications in the Fog-Cloud Continuum
3D Hand Gestures Segmentation and Optimized Classification Using Deep Learning
A Novel Weighted Cross Total Variation Method for Hyperspectral Image Mixed Denoising
Learning a Planning Domain Model From Natural Language Process Manuals
Joint 3D UAV Placement and Resource Allocation in Software-Defined Cellular Networks With Wireless Backhaul
Automatic Concrete Crack Identification Based on Lightweight Embedded U-Net
The Biomechanical Analysis on the Tennis Batting Angle Selection Under Deep Learning
Developing a Transactive Charging Control Framework for EV Parking Lots Equipped With Battery and Photovoltaic Panels: A MILP Approach
Protecting Android Devices From Malware Attacks: A State-of-the-Art Report of Concepts, Modern Learning Models and Challenges
Iterative PID Control Design Approach for Maximizing Proportional Gain
Ingress of Threshold Voltage-Triggered Hardware Trojan in the Modern FPGA Fabric-Detection Methodology and Mitigation
Built-In Self-Test of Millimeter-Wave Integrated Front-End Circuits: How Far Have We Come?
Explainable Machine-Learning Models for COVID-19 Prognosis Prediction Using Clinical, Laboratory and Radiomic Features
A Contrastive Study of Machine Learning on Funding Evaluation Prediction
An ANN-Based Synthesis Method for Nonuniform Linear Arrays Including Mutual Coupling Effects