yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
O-ADPI: Online Adaptive Deep-Packet Inspector Using Mahalanobis Distance Map for Web Service Attacks Classification
Bandwidth, Power and Trajectory Optimization for UAV Base Station Networks With Backhaul and User QoS Constraints
A Prototype for Mexican Sign Language Recognition and Synthesis in Support of a Primary Care Physician
Finite-Time Control of Multirotor UAVs Under Disturbances
Industry 4.0: A Special Section in IEEE Access
Deep Learning-Based Traffic Light Detection in a Custom Embedded Hardware Platform for ADAS Applications
Doppler Frequency Shift Based Source Localization in Presence of Sensor Location Errors
The Evolutions of Reflectarray Antennas for Small Satellites: Navigating to Design, Fabrication, and Performance Techniques
Discrimination of the Diastolic Murmurs in Coronary Heart Disease and in Valvular Disease
Separation of Virtual Machine I/O in Cloud Systems
Privilege Escalation Attack Detection and Mitigation in Cloud Using Machine Learning
Transmit Beamspace-Based Unitary Parallel Factor Method for DOD and DOA Estimation in Bistatic MIMO Radar
A Deep Hierarchical Network for Packet-Level Malicious Traffic Detection
Forward Scatter Shadow Ratio: Concept and Its Application in Shadow Profile Retrieval
Reduced-Reference Stereoscopic Image Quality Assessment Using Natural Scene Statistics and Structural Degradation
Joint Crypto-Stego Scheme for Enhanced Image Protection With Nearest-Centroid Clustering
A Novel Efficient DLUBE Model Constructed by Error Interval Coefficients for Clustered Wind Power Prediction
Exploring Multimodal Perception in Large Language Models Through Perceptual Strength Ratings
A New Job Shop Scheduling Method for Remanufacturing Systems Using Extended Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Deep Learning Approach to Generate a Synthetic Cognitive Psychology Behavioral Dataset
LFM Signal Analysis Based on Improved Lv Distribution
A Centralized Task Allocation Algorithm for a Multi-Robot Inspection Mission With Sensing Specifications
Fault and Error Tolerance in Neural Networks: A Review
EMSGD: An Improved Learning Algorithm of Neural Networks With Imbalanced Data
Generalized Centered Binomial Distribution for Bimodal Lattice Signatures
A Novel Transfer Learning Approach for Detection of Pomegranates Growth Stages
SMOTified-GAN for Class Imbalanced Pattern Classification Problems
Area-Efficient Variable-Gain Delta-Sigma Modulator Achieving 11.5-dB Dynamic Range Improvement by Sharing Capacitors in the First-Stage Integrator
A Comprehensive Data Description for LoRaWAN Path Loss Measurements in an Indoor Office Setting: Effects of Environmental Factors
Advanced Mobility Robustness Optimization Models in Future Mobile Networks Based on Machine Learning Solutions
Mispronunciation Detection and Diagnosis for Young Arabic Learners Using Transfer Learning
Near Real-Time Three Axis Head Pose Estimation Without Training
Steganography in RGB Images Using Adjacent Mean
Path Planning of Inspection Robot Based on Improved Intelligent Water Drop Algorithm
MLE-Loss Driven Robust Hand Pose Estimation
Temporal and Spatial Evolution of Passenger Flow in an Urban Rail Transit Network During Station Closure
A Bibliometric Analysis of Corona Pandemic in Social Sciences: A Review of Influential Aspects and Conceptual Structure
Cognitive Control: Theory and Application
Efficiency Improvement in Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer by Placing a Magnetic Sheet Under the Power Transmitting Coil
A-ECN Minimizing Queue Length for Datacenter Networks
Design for Visitor Authentication Based on Face Recognition Technology Using CCTV
Developing an Ethical Regulatory Framework for Artificial Intelligence: Integrating Systematic Review, Thematic Analysis, and Multidisciplinary Theories
Time-Frequency Map-Based Abnormal Signal Detection
Industrial Artificial Intelligence in Industry 4.0 - Systematic Review, Challenges and Outlook
Program State Sensitive Parallel Fuzzing for Real World Software
Effects of Second-Order Matched Stochastic Resonance for Weak Signal Detection
An Insight Into Test Case Optimization: Ideas and Trends With Future Perspectives
Benchmarking Underwater Image Enhancement and Restoration, and Beyond
Containment Control of Fractional-Order Networked Systems With Time-Varying Communication Delays: A Positive System Viewpoint
Learning With Fewer Images via Image Clustering: Application to Intravascular OCT Image Segmentation
Research on Uneven Clustering APTEEN in CWSN Based on Ant Colony Algorithm
Equivalence of Additive and Multiplicative Coupling in Spiking Neural Networks
Improved Decarbonization Planning Through Climate Resiliency Modeling
Wireless Body Area Network Mobility-Aware Task Offloading Scheme
Toward AI-Mediated Avatar-Based Telecommunication: Investigating Visual Impression of Switching Between User- and AI-Controlled Avatars in Video Chat
A Metamodel for the Rubus Component Model: Extensions for Timing and Model Transformation From EAST-ADL
Human-Centered Automatic Tracking System for Underactuated Hovercraft Based on Adaptive Chattering-Free Full-Order Terminal Sliding Mode Control
Spectrum Concentration in Deep Residual Learning: A Free Probability Approach
Multi-Pair Two-Way Massive MIMO AF Full-Duplex Relaying With Imperfect CSI Over Ricean Fading Channels
Hyper-Progressive Single Shot Detector (HPSSD) Algorithm for Door Panel Type-B Detection
Test Suite Reduction via Evolutionary Clustering
Recursive Filter With Exponential Kernel for Nonstationary Systems
Audio-Visual Overlapped Speech Detection for Spontaneous Distant Speech
Assessing the Energy Consumption of Proactive Mobile Edge Caching in Wireless Networks
EffUNet++: A Novel Architecture for Brain Tumor Segmentation Using FLAIR MRI Images
Overcoming Data Scarcity in Wind Power Forecasting: A Deep Learning Approach With Bidirectional Generative Adversarial Network and Neighborhood Search PSO Algorithm
Texture Representation Through Overlapped Multi-Oriented Tri-Scale Local Binary Pattern
Balanced Binary Tree Schemes for Computing Zernike Radial Polynomials
LTE for Public Safety Networks: Synchronization in the Presence of Jamming
Utilizing rPPG Signal Synchronization and Deep Learning Techniques for Deepfake Video Detection
A Comprehensive Survey on TinyML
Research on the Residual Vibration Suppression of a Controllable Mechanism Robot
State-of-the-Art Review of Emerging Trends in Renewable Energy Generation Technologies
Toward Reaching a Consensus on the Concept of Power System Resilience: Definitions, Assessment Frameworks, and Metrics
An Efficient Multi-Scale Feature Compression With QP-Adaptive Feature Channel Truncation for Video Coding for Machines
Third Ventricle Width Measurements Based on YOLO and Localized Intensity Features
Radiation Field Inside the Homogeneous Moon Excited by a Vertical Magnetic Dipole
A Mindset-Based Evolution of Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) Acceptance Into the National Airspace System (NAS)
Sim3Tanks: A Benchmark Model Simulator for Process Control and Monitoring
LeL-GNN: Learnable Edge Sampling and Line Based Graph Neural Network for Link Prediction
Deep Neural Networks for Determining Subgap States of Oxide Thin-Film Transistors
Soft Rough q-Rung Orthopair m-Polar Fuzzy Sets and q-Rung Orthopair m-Polar Fuzzy Soft Rough Sets and Their Applications
Knowledge Spillovers of Medical Big Data Under Hierarchical Medical System and Patients' Medical Treatment Decisions
Switching Linear Parameter-Varying Controller Design With H∞ Performance Based on Youla Parameterization
Linking Electrocardiogram and Echocardiogram: Comparing Classical Machine Learning and Deep Learning Neural Networks for the Detection of Regional Wall Motion Abnormalities
FML-Swin: An Improved Swin Transformer Segmentor for Remote Sensing Images
A New Convolutional Neural Network Architecture for Automatic Detection of Brain Tumors in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Images
Nine-Level Inverter Based on Resonant Switched-Capacitor and NPP/NPC Unit
SPOC: Model Metrics and Inference Scalability
A Model Predictive Control-Based Energy Management Scheme for Hybrid Storage System in Islanded Microgrids
Tunnel Crack Segmentation Algorithm Based on Feature Enhancement
Network Intrusion Detection Based on PSO-Xgboost Model
Privacy and Transparency in Blockchain-Based Smart Grid Operations
Acoustic Emission Location Method for Quasi-Cylindrical Structure With Complex Hole
Energy-Aware Mobile Edge Computation Offloading for IoT Over Heterogenous Networks
DC-DC Linearized Converter Model for Faster Simulation of Lightweight Urban Electric Vehicles
HAMF: A Novel Hierarchical Attention-Based Multi-Modal Fusion Model for Parkinson's Disease Classification and Severity Prediction
A Market Assessment of Distributed Battery Energy Storage to Facilitate Higher Renewable Penetration in an Isolated Power System
Multivariate Seawater Quality Prediction Based on PCA-RVM Supported by Edge Computing Towards Smart Ocean
Improved Renyi Entropy Benchmark for Performance Assessment of Common Cascade Control System
A Method for Cleaning Power Grid Operation Data Based on Spatiotemporal Correlation Constraints
Privacy-Safe Action Recognition via Cross-Modality Distillation
Fault Diagnosis of the Rotating Rectifier Diode Over a TSSM Based on the Armature Current Calculation and Similarity Measurement
Predicting Trust Dynamics With Dynamic SEM in Human-AI Collaboration
Analysis and Experiment of 5-DOF Decoupled Spherical Vernier-Gimballing Magnetically Suspended Flywheel (VGMSFW)
HSIFoodIngr-64: A Dataset for Hyperspectral Food-Related Studies and a Benchmark Method on Food Ingredient Retrieval
A Multimodal Systematic Review of Drivers' Fatigue Detection Methodologies, Datasets, and Models
Understanding the Determinants of Blockchain Adoption in the Engineering-Construction Industry: Multi-Stakeholders' Analyses
Adaptive Dynamic Surface Control for Servo System Driven by Twin Motors With Unknown Actuator Failures
Sparse Imaging-Based Clutter Suppression and Refocusing of MTs in Passive Bistatic SAR
Hybrid Beamforming Design on Riemannian Manifolds for Wideband MIMO Systems
Evolution of Power Saving Technologies for 5G New Radio
An NN-Aided Near-and-Far-Field Classifier via Channel Hankelization in XL-MIMO Systems
Behavior Driven Development: A Systematic Literature Review
Machine Learning-Based Spectrum Efficiency Hybrid Precoding With Lens Array and Low-Resolution ADCs
MR Damper Modeling Performance Comparison Including Hysteresis and Damper Optimization
Optimized Real-Time MUSIC Algorithm With CPU-GPU Architecture
Content-Attribute Disentanglement for Generalized Zero-Shot Learning
Analysis and Reduction of DC Winding Induced Voltage Pulsation in Five-Phase Non-Overlapped Stator Wound Field Flux Switching Machine
Tilting Path Optimization of Tilt Quad Rotor in Conversion Process Based on Ant Colony Optimization Algorithm
AI-Enhanced Robotic Process Automation: A Review of Intelligent Automation Innovations
Efficient Multiple Kernel k-Means Clustering With Late Fusion
Exploiting Blockchain Data to Detect Smart Ponzi Schemes on Ethereum
Multi-Center Brain Imaging Classification Using a Novel 3D CNN Approach
Reinforcement Learning-Driven Hybrid Precopy/Postcopy VM Migration for Energy-Efficient Data Centers
Fusion ConvLSTM-Net: Using Spatiotemporal Features to Increase Residential Load Forecast Horizon
Kalman Filtering With Linear State Equality Constraints: A Method Based on Separating Variables
Input Feature Selection Method Based on Feature Set Equivalence and Mutual Information Gain Maximization
Embedded AI for Wheat Yellow Rust Infection Type Classification
Highly Precise Birefringence Demodulation to Overcome the Sensing Limitation From the Free Spectral Range on the Fiber Lyot Filter
Design of AM Self-Capacitive Transparent Touch Panel Based on a-IGZO Thin-Film Transistors
Cost Analysis of 5G Fronthaul Networks Through Functional Splits at the PHY Layer in a Capacity and Cost Limited Scenario
Measurement and Characterization of Acoustic Noise in Water Pipeline Channels
Machine Learning-Based Life Expectancy Prediction in Developed and Developing Regions
An Integrated Theoretical Model for Assessing Digital Literacy's Impact on Academic Performance: A Case Study Using PLS-SEM
Gray-Scale Image Encryption Using DNA Operations
A Novel Deep Arrhythmia-Diagnosis Network for Atrial Fibrillation Classification Using Electrocardiogram Signals
Learning Deep Features for DNA Methylation Data Analysis
An Enhanced Gain-Bandwidth Class-AB Miller op-amp With 23, 800 MHz·pF/mW FOM, 11-16 Current Efficiency and Wide Range of Resistive and Capacitive Loads Driving Capability
Detecting Data Inconsistency Based on Workflow Nets With Tables
Adaptive Fuzzy Dynamic Surface Control for Multi-Machine Power System Based on Composite Learning Method and Disturbance Observer
RIS-Aided mmWave Network Planning Toward Connectivity Enhancement and Minimal Electromagnetic Field Exposure
Approaches for the Prediction of Lead Times in an Engineer to Order Environment - A Systematic Review
Fuzzy-Based Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Stabilization Control for Under-Actuated Rotary Inverted Pendulum Systems
Using ResNet Transfer Deep Learning Methods in Person Identification According to Physical Actions
Detection of Factors Affecting State Transition Based on Non-Homogeneous Markov Chain Model
A Sliding-Mode Set-Point Position Controller for Hydraulic Excavators
A Multi-Octave Power Amplifier Based on Mixed Continuous Modes
Managing Food Safety With Pricing, Contracts and Coordination in Supply Chains
I3MS: Intelligent Multi-Sensor Multi-Baseline Mapping System
Heating Power of Millimeter-Sized Implanted Coils for Tumor Ablation: Numerical-Analytic Analysis and Optimization
Ozone Generation Reaction Rate Estimation From Needle-Plate Partial Discharges Using Experimental Data and a Finite Element Model
Dual-Function Enhancer for Near-Infrared Photopolymerization: Kinetic Modeling for Improved Efficacy by Suppressed Oxygen Inhibition
A Unified Framework for Predicting KPIs of On-Demand Transport Services
Image Super-Resolution via Adaptive Regularization Term of Compressed Sensing
A 450 mV Tunable Low-Frequency OTA-C Third-Order Elliptic Low-Pass Filter for Bio-Signal Applications
Tuning of Discrete Complex Proportional Integral Current Controller for Grid-Connected Converters Based on Critical Damping
SqueezeNet and Fusion Network-Based Accurate Fast Fully Convolutional Network for Hand Detection and Gesture Recognition
In-Loop Adaptive Filters to Improve the Power Quality of Switched Reluctance Generator in WECS
Integrating Indoor Localization Technologies for Enhanced Smart Education: Challenges, Innovations, and Applications
A New Approach for Nonlinear Transformation of Means and Covariances in Direct Statistical Analysis of Nonlinear Systems
EEG Activities During Program Comprehension: An Exploration of Cognition
Multi-Flash Light Field Photography
Cellular Neural Network Encryption Scheme for Time Synchronization and CPAs Resistance in OFDM-PON
Twin Support Vector Regression Model Based on Heteroscedastic Gaussian Noise and Its Application
Generating A-Star Algorithm Admissible Heuristics Using a Dynamic Dataloader on Neural Networks, Enhanced With Genetic Algorithms, on a Distributed Architecture
Group-Teaching: Learning Robust CNNs From Extremely Noisy Labels
Geodesic Affinity Propagation Clustering Based on Angle-Based Outlier Factor
An Improved Empirical Wavelet Transform for Noisy and Non-Stationary Signal Processing
Multiple-Input Deep Convolutional Neural Network Model for Short-Term Photovoltaic Power Forecasting
Multidimensional Extra Evidence Mining for Image Sentiment Analysis
Sub-Nyquist Sampling and Recovery of Pulse Streams With the Real Parts of Fourier Coefficients
Large Displacement Optical Flow Estimation Based on Robust Interpolation of Sparse Correspondences
Radio Propagation Models Based on Machine Learning Using Geometric Parameters for a Mixed City-River Path
A Study on Threat Analysis and Risk Assessment Based on the "Asset Container" Method and CWSS
SLiTRANet: An EEG-Based Automated Diagnosis Framework for Major Depressive Disorder Monitoring Using a Novel LGCN and Transformer-Based Hybrid Deep Learning Approach
Data-Enhanced Stacked Autoencoders for Insufficient Fault Classification of Machinery and its Understanding via Visualization
Data Augmentation Using BiWGAN, Feature Extraction and Classification by Hybrid 2DCNN and BiLSTM to Detect Non-Technical Losses in Smart Grids
Principle Guidelines for Safe Power Supply Systems Development
Link Prediction in Industrial Knowledge Graphs: A Case Study on Football Manufacturing
Agentic AI: A Comprehensive Survey of Technologies, Applications, and Societal Implications
Application of Deep Learning Algorithm in Clinical Analysis of Patients With Serum Electrolyte Disturbance
MAHGA: Multi-Aspect Heterogeneous Graph Analysis for Harmful Speech Detection on Social Networks
A Gaussian Process Based Method for Data- Efficient Remaining Useful Life Estimation
Trustworthy Blockchain Oracles: Review, Comparison, and Open Research Challenges
Survival Study on Blockchain Based 6G-Enabled Mobile Edge Computation for IoT Automation
Beyond Sensors: IntelliSignal's Map-Integrated Intelligence in Traffic Flow Optimization
Certain Bounds Related to Multi-Parameterized k-Fractional Integral Inequalities and Their Applications
Optimizing MEC Networks for Healthcare Applications in 5G Communications With the Authenticity of Users' Priorities
A Novel Framework to Automatically Generate Executable Web Services From BPMN Models
Sustainable Plant Layout Design for End of Life Vehicle Recycling and Disassembly Industry Based on SLP Method, a Typical Case in China
Research on Image Smoothing Diffusion Model With Gradient and Curvature Features
Energy-Aware Selective Inference Task Offloading for Real-Time Edge Computing Applications
Generation of Antifractals via Hybrid Picard-Mann Iteration
Secrecy Energy Efficiency in Wireless Powered Heterogeneous Networks: A Distributed ADMM Approach
Design and Implementation of Network-Aware VNF Migration Mechanism
Bipartite Consensus of Fuzzy Multiagent Systems on Multilayer Coopetition Networks Using Output Measurements and Its Application to Image Communication
A Stage-Specific Gene Expression Framework for Promoting Genetic Algorithm
SegRep: Mask-Supervised Learning for Segment Representation in Pathology Images
LLM-Driven APT Detection for 6G Wireless Networks: A Systematic Review and Taxonomy
LinCos-Softmax: Learning Angle-Discriminative Face Representations With Linearity-Enhanced Cosine Logits
Deep Learning and Blockchain-Empowered Security Framework for Intelligent 5G-Enabled IoT
Metro Scheduling to Minimize Travel Time and Operating Cost Considering Spatial and Temporal Constraints on Passenger Boarding
Experimental Investigations on Photovoltaic Interface Neutral Point Clamped Multilevel Inverter-Based Shunt Active Power Filter to Enhance Grid Power Quality
Implicit Life Event Discovery From Call Transcripts Using Temporal Input Transformation Network
Group-Aware Delay-Constrained Video Transmission Over Multihomed Device-to-Device Networks
An Analysis of the Emotional Evolution of Large-Scale Internet Public Opinion Events Based on the BERT-LDA Hybrid Model
Control and Stabilization of Centimeter Scale Glow Discharge in Ambient Air Using Pulse-Width Modulation
Edge Computing and Its Convergence With Blockchain in 5G and Beyond: Security, Challenges, and Opportunities
Multi-Mode SpMV Accelerator for Transprecision PageRank With Real-World Graphs
Function-Level Bottleneck Analysis of Private Proof-of-Authority Ethereum Blockchain
BLER and Throughput Analysis of Power Beacon-Based Energy Harvesting UAV-Assisted NOMA Relay Systems for Short-Packet Communications
Systematic and Unified Stochastic Tool to Determine the Multidimensional Joint Statistics of Arbitrary Partial Products of Ordered Random Variables
Class-Incremental Learning Based on Big Dataset Pre-Trained Models
An Online Simulated Annealing-Based Task Offloading Strategy for a Mobile Edge Architecture
Reliable Go Game Images Recognition Under Strong Light Attack
Trustworthy Integrated Circuits: From Safety to Security and Beyond
Heterogeneous Energy Harvesting Techniques for Smart Home IoT Acceleration
Demonstration of Adaptive Image Transmission That Meets Various Application Requirements in 10G-EPON
Chung-Ang Auditory Database of Korean Emotional Speech: A Validated Set of Vocal Expressions With Different Intensities
Feedback Stabilization for Discrete-Time Singularly Perturbed Systems via Limited Information With Data Packet Dropout
Fast Planning and Tracking of Complex Autonomous Parking Maneuvers With Optimal Control and Pseudo-Neural Networks
Deep Learning Based Design Methodology for Electric Machines: Data Acquisition, Training and Optimization
Application of Supervised Principal Motion Analysis to Evaluate Subjectively Easy Sit-to-Stand Motion of Healthy People
Analysis of Line-of-Sight Angle Characteristics for Intercepting a Non-Maneuvering Target With Impact Angle Constraints
AZIM: Arabic-Centric Zero-Shot Inference for Multilingual Topic Modeling With Enhanced Performance on Summarized Text
Decision-Aid Framework for Face Authentication Detection Using ResNext50 and BiLSTM to Enhance Media Integrity
An Effective Predictive Maintenance Framework for Conveyor Motors Using Dual Time-Series Imaging and Convolutional Neural Network in an Industry 4.0 Environment
A Novel Comparative Approach: Logistic Regression Enhanced by Bat Optimization Versus Logistic Regression Enhanced by Deep Belief Network for Remote Homologous Protein Detection
A New Observer for Nonlinear Systems With Application to Power Systems
Effect of Model, Observer and Their Interaction on State and Disturbance Estimation in Artificial Pancreas: An In-Silico Study
Online Offloading Scheduling and Resource Allocation Algorithms for Vehicular Edge Computing System
An Adaptive Variable-Weight Combination Forecasting Method for Energy Product Sales Based on Meta-Learning
Enhancing QoE Prediction for Video Streaming Using a Hybrid CNN-LSTM Model
Generation of Novelty Ground Truth Image Using Image Classification and Semantic Segmentation for Copy-Move Forgery Detection
3D Face Reconstruction Based on a Single Image: A Review
Tensor-Based Light Field Compressed Sensing and Epipolar Plane Images Reconstruction via Deep Learning
Analysis of Rotation Magnetized Direction Permanent Magnet Thrust Bearing for Maximum Characteristics Using a Complete Generalized Optimization Procedure and a Computational Framework
New Results on Joint Classification of Vertical Structure of Ocean Properties at a Global Scale
iFLEX: A Fully Open-Source, High-Density Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)-Based Hardware Co-Processor for Vector Similarity Searching
A Design Method for Analog Predistortion Linearizers With Independently Tunable Gain and Phase Conversions
A Completion Time-Based Flow Scheduling for Inter-Data Center Traffic Optimization
Remote Driving Control With Real-Time Video Streaming Over Wireless Networks: Design and Evaluation
Overcoming Challenges for Improved Patient-Centric Care: A Scoping Review of Platform Ecosystems in Healthcare
Stability Assessment of Voltage Control Strategies for Smart Transformer-Fed Distribution Grid
Application of Internet of Things Technology and Convolutional Neural Network Model in Bridge Crack Detection
Green Supplier Selection Based on DEA Model in Interval-Valued Pythagorean Fuzzy Environment
The Neuromarketing: Bridging Neuroscience and Marketing for Enhanced Consumer Engagement
Semantic Hazard Labelling and Risk Assessment Mapping During Robot Exploration
A Three-Level Recursive Differential Grouping Method for Large-Scale Continuous Optimization
Sparsity-Based Joint NBI and Impulse Noise Mitigation in Hybrid PLC-Wireless Transmissions
A Decision Method for Online Purchases Considering Dynamic Information Preference Based on Sentiment Orientation Classification and Discrete DIFWA Operators
Fast, Interpretable, and Deterministic Time Series Classification With a Bag-of-Receptive-Fields
Signal Bandwidth Estimation for Jamming Detection: Skip Connection and LARS Augmented Mask R-CNN
Identifying Uncertainty Distributions and Confidence Regions of Power Plant Parameters