yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
A Preliminary Study: Towards Parallel Garbage Collection for NAND Flash-Based SSDs
Combined Noise and Clock CRLB Error Model for the Optimization of Node Location in Time Positioning Systems
R-PEKS: RBAC Enabled PEKS for Secure Access of Cloud Data
Space-Power Adaptive Interference Steering to Manage Interference in XIC
DeepFeat: Robust Large-Scale Multi-Features Outdoor Localization in LTE Networks Using Deep Learning
Security Performance Analysis of a NOMA-Assisted Underwater VLC System Under Imprecise Channel Estimations
Effect of Multi-Frequency Whole-Body Vibration on Muscle Activation, Metabolic Cost and Regional Tissue Oxygenation
Trajectory Classification Through Topological Data Analysis Perspectives
Automatic Diagnosis of Familial Exudative Vitreoretinopathy Using a Fusion Neural Network for Wide-Angle Retinal Images
On the (in)Security of the Control Plane of SDN Architecture: A Survey
Design and Experiments of Angular Motion Control for a Novel Unmanned Water-Powered Aerial Vehicle
Skin Conductance Response Artifact Reduction: Leveraging Accelerometer Noise Reference and Deep Breath Detection
Turning Danger into Safety: The Origin, Research Context and Theoretical Framework of Organizational Resilience
IEEE Access Special Section Editorial: Advanced Information Sensing and Learning Technologies for Data-Centric Smart Health Applications
Evaluation of Productivity and Wireless Channel Load for 3D Storage System in Smart Factory
Robust Estimators for Faster-Than-Nyquist Signaling
Human Daily Indoor Action (HDIA) Dataset: Privacy-Preserving Human Action Recognition Using Infrared Camera and Wearable Armband Sensors
Automatic Bone Age Assessment of Adolescents Based on Weakly-Supervised Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
WirelessNet: An Efficient Radio Access Network Model Based on Heterogeneous Graph Neural Networks
A Robust Kalman Filter for Heavy-Tailed Measurement Noise Based on Gamma Pearson VII Mixture Distribution
A Novel Cooperative Hunting Algorithm for Inhomogeneous Multiple Autonomous Underwater Vehicles
State-of-the-Art Assistive Powered Upper Limb Exoskeletons for Elderly
Intermediate Voltage Regulation for Total Harmonic Distortion Reduction of Two-Stage Inverters Under Model Predictive Control Scheme via Observers
Improved Modulated Model Predictive Control: Reducing Total Harmonic Distortion, Computational Burden, and Parameter Sensitivity
Depth Recovery With Large-Area Data Loss Guided by Polarization Cues for Time-of-Flight Imaging
Finite-Time Synchronization of Memristor-Based Fractional Order Cohen-Grossberg Neural Networks
Secure User Privacy in Population Physique Clustering and Prediction Based on Sport Questionnaires
Multiscale Modeling and Reconstruction of Joint Motion: Finite Element Optimization Based on Particle Swarm Algorithm
A Novel Approach to the Optimization of a Public Bus Schedule Using K-Means and a Genetic Algorithm
A Systematic Review on Driver Drowsiness Detection Using Eye Activity Measures
Hybrid Quantum-Classical Framework for Urban Traffic State Classification
FL-IDS: Federated Learning-Based Intrusion Detection System Using Edge Devices for Transportation IoT
Construction of Knowledge Graph of the Elevator Safety Accidents and Analysis of Key Risk Factors Based on KG-DEMATEL-ISM-MICMAC Method
Robust Bare-Bone CNN Applying for Tactical Mobile Edge Devices
ANFIS-Based Modelling and Optimal Operating Parameter Determination to Enhance Cocoa Beans Drying-Rate
Highly Accurate and Energy Efficient Convolutional Spiking Neural Network for Traffic Sign Recognition
Explaining Automations in IoT Settings
Towards Blockchain-Based Secure Storage and Trusted Data Sharing Scheme for IoT Environment
Compliant Bimanual Aerial Manipulation: Standard and Long Reach Configurations
Efficient Fingerprinting-Based Android Device Identification With Zero-Permission Identifiers
Manifold Regularization Graph Structure Auto-Encoder to Detect Loop Closure for Visual SLAM
Research on Vehicle Route Optimization for Half-Open Multi-Energy Urban Distribution Considering Order Priority
Distributed Operation Health Monitoring for Modular and Reconfigurable Robot With Consideration of Actuation Limitation
Discovering the Trading Pattern of Financial Market Participants: Comparison of Two Co-Clustering Methods
Parallel Dual-Branch Polyp Segmentation Network
Application of Minimax Optimization Mechanism in Chinese-English Machine Translation Quality Estimation
High Performance Decoupling Current Control by Linear Extended State Observer for Three-Phase Grid-Connected Inverter With an LCL Filter
Detection of Fetal ECG R Wave From Single-Lead Abdominal ECG Using a Combination of RR Time-Series Smoothing and Template-Matching Approach
Delay-Universal Channel Coding With Feedback
Early In-Hospital Mortality Prediction Based on xTimesNet and Time Series Interpretable Methods
Multi-Objective Optimization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Three-Dimensional Paths for Air Quality Monitoring and Environmental Sensing
Improved Exact Methods for Solving No-Wait Flowshop Scheduling Problems With Due Date Constraints
Fast and Accurate Temperature-Dependent Current Modeling of HBTs Using the Dimension Reduction Method
SHADOWFI: An Open-Source Framework for Fault Evaluation of Complex IC Designs Using Hyperscale Computing
A Framework for Analyzing, Designing, and Visualizing Spiking Neural Networks - Part II: Nonlinear Response Surfaces
Machine Learning Evaluation Metric Discrepancies Across Programming Languages and Their Components in Medical Imaging Domains: Need for Standardization
Screening of COVID-19 Suspected Subjects Using Multi-Crossover Genetic Algorithm Based Dense Convolutional Neural Network
Knowledge Transfer for On-Device Deep Reinforcement Learning in Resource Constrained Edge Computing Systems
Enhanced Stability of Cislunar-Based Small Satellite Constellations via Preferential-EKF
A Robust Prevention Method for Automated Manufacturing Systems With Unreliable Resources Using Petri Nets
A Fusion-Based Framework for Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks in Surveillance Applications
Effect of Beam Angle of the Transmitting Antenna on Radio Wave Coverage in the Region Containing Tunnel Entrance
Review of Virtual Reality Integration for Safer and Efficient Mining Operations
Vibrometry and Sound Reproduction of Acoustic Sources on Moving Platforms Using Millimeter Wave Pulse-Doppler Radar
GraphX-Net: A Graph Neural Network-Based Shapley Values for Predicting Breast Cancer Occurrence
Partial Discharge Development in Oil-Based Nanofluids: Inception, Propagation and Time Transition
Weighted Multiple Instance-Based Deep Correlation Filter for Video Tracking Processing
Request/Advertise-Based Content Forwarding in Vehicular Named Data Networking
How Can Credit Supervision Mechanism Improve Security Crowdsourcing Ecosystem Governance: An Evolutionary Game Theory Perspective
Deep Reinforcement Learning Under Signal Temporal Logic Constraints Using Lagrangian Relaxation
Demand Forecasting in Data-Scarce and Resource-Restricted Environments
Deep Learning Based Improved Classification System for Designing Tomato Harvesting Robot
Design and Synthesis of Ferrite Strip-Line Circulator Based on Enhanced Closed Form Solution and Power Handling Analysis
Resonance - An Intelligence Analysis Framework for Social Connection Inference via Mining Co-Occurrence Patterns Over Multiplex Trajectories
Anomaly Detection Over Multi-Relational Graphs Using Graph Structure Learning and Multi-Scale Meta-Path Graph Aggregation
A Non-Isolated Extendable Boost Topology With Continuous Input and Output Currents
Analysis of a Flux-Concentrated V-Type Biased-Flux Slot Motor
Deep Learning-Based Approach for Detecting Trajectory Modifications of Cassini-Huygens Spacecraft
Dual-Use Unimodular Sequence Design via Frequency Nulling Modulation
Coverage Control Algorithm-Based Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization and Node Sleeping in Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks
A Comprehensive Review of Compressed Image Restoration and Compression Artifact Reduction Techniques
Roughness Analysis of Sea Surface From Visible Images by Texture
An FSS-Backed Dual-Band Reflective Polarization Conversion Metasurface
Charting the Landscape of Online Cryptocurrency Manipulation
An Improved C-DEEPSO Algorithm for Optimal Active-Reactive Power Dispatch in Microgrids With Electric Vehicles
Explainable Predictive Maintenance of Rotating Machines Using LIME, SHAP, PDP, ICE
Interval Type-2 Trapezoidal Fuzzy Decision- Making Method With Consistency-Improving Algorithm and DEA Model
Spectral Clustering Algorithm Based on Fast Search of Natural Neighbors
Research on Distributed Real-Time Formation Tracking Control of High-Order Multi-UAV System
Clustering Algorithm Improvement in SAR Target Detection
Using Hybrid Algorithm to Estimate and Predicate Based on Software Reliability Model
Practical Near-Data-Processing Architecture for Large-Scale Distributed Graph Neural Network
Research on the Application of Multi-Layer Tree-Structured Belief Rule Base System in Aviation Engine Performance Evaluation
Experimental Study of the Stability of a Low-Cost C-Band Active Reflector Using Sentinel-1 Imagery
Unit Commitment With Analytical Under-Frequency Load-Shedding Constraints for Island Power Systems
Cepsogram: A Novel Fault Characteristics Extracting Strategy of Rolling Bearings Based on Cepstrum and Spectral Negentropy
Towards the Task-Level Optimal Orchestration Mechanism in Multi-Device Multi-Task Architecture for Mission-Critical IoT Applications
An Accurate Time-Based MPPT Circuit With Two-Period Tracking Algorithm and Convergence Range Averaging Technique for IoT Applications
Sparse Non-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing for Secure Transmission Over Broadcast Channels
Tuning the Evaporation Parameter in ACO MANET Routing Using a Satisfaction-Form Game-Theoretic Approach
UAV-Assisted SWIPT in Internet of Things With Power Splitting: Trajectory Design and Power Allocation
IoT Network Design Using Open-Source LoRa Coverage Emulator
Computed and Measured Core Temperature of Patients With Heatstroke Transported From Their Homes via Ambulance
A Novel Series-Connected Asymmetric Hybrid Modular Multilevel Converter for HVDC Tapping Application
Matrix Coding-Based Quantum Image Steganography Algorithm
DOA Estimation Using Single or Dual Reception Channels Based on Cyclostationarity
Adaptive Separation Thresholds for Self-Separation of Unmanned Aircraft System in Dynamic Airspace
Effect of Copper and Iron Particles on the Dielectric Strength of R410A Gas as an Alternative of SF 6 in GIS
SenseQ: Context-Aware Video Quality Adaptation for Optimal Mobile Video Streaming in Dynamic Environments
The Video Authentication and Camera Identification Database: A New Database for Video Forensics
LAMDA Control Approaches Applied to Trajectory Tracking for Mobile Robots
Deep Learning Based Systems Developed for Fall Detection: A Review
ConStruct-LDM: Conditional Latent Diffusion Model for Structured Design
A Digital-Twin-Assisted Fault Diagnosis Using Deep Transfer Learning
Margin-Based Supervised Contrastive Learning for Robust Malware Detection
Active Voltage Quadrupler Rectifier-Based Ultra-High Boost Ratio Multidirectional Energy Router in 800 V DC Microgrids
SAM Translator: Self-Paced Learning And Mixture-of-Experts for Cross-Lingual Text-to-Speech Translation
Label Augmentation to Improve Generalization of Deep Learning Semantic Segmentation of Laparoscopic Images
Enhanced Design of a Hand Exoskeleton: Balancing Force Transmission and Actuation With Evolutionary Algorithms
A Time-Delay Overlapping Modulation-Based High Spectral Efficiency and Secure DCSK System
Multi-Parameter-Setting Based on Data Original Distribution for DENCLUE Optimization
Feasibility Study of V2X Communications in Initial 5G NR Deployments
Optimizing Inertia Estimation in Virtual Synchronous Generators With MMC-Based Proportional Integral and Model Predictive Control Strategies
A Collaborative Optimization Strategy for Energy Reduction in Ironmaking Digital Twin
Model Calibration Method for Soft Sensors Using Adaptive Gaussian Process Regression
Indoor Radio Map Construction via Ray Tracing With RGB-D Sensor-Based 3D Reconstruction: Concept and Experiments in WLAN Systems
Real-Time Parameter Control for Trajectory Generation Using Reinforcement Learning With Zero-Shot Sim-to-Real Transfer
Coyote Optimization Based on a Fuzzy Logic Algorithm for Energy-Efficiency in Wireless Sensor Networks
Piano Automatic Computer Composition by Deep Learning and Blockchain Technology
A Broadband Ultra-Thin Polarization Rotator Using Periodically Loaded Parallel Strip-Lines
Automated ECG Classification Using Dual Heartbeat Coupling Based on Convolutional Neural Network
A Bitrate-Scalable Variational Recurrent Mel-Spectrogram Coder for Real-Time Resynthesis-Based Speech Coding
A Review on Dual-Arm Manipulation in Agriculture
Efficient Training Techniques for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning in Combat Tasks
GAE-Based Document Embedding Method for Clustering
AI-Empowered Recommender System for Renewable Energy Harvesting in Smart Grid System
Identification of a Nonlinear Wheel/Rail Adhesion Model for Heavy-Duty Locomotives
Prognostics and Health Management of Rotating Machinery via Quantum Machine Learning
BeyondLife: An Open-Source Digital Will Solution for Posthumous Data Management
A Robust Signal Processing Framework for CSI-Based Bangla Sign Language Recognition via Doppler-Based Subcarrier Selection, Complex ICA, and Energy-Based Fusion
Research on Intelligent Analysis System for Enterprise Financial and Management Decision-Making Based on Multidimensional Behavioral Data
Depression Detection in Social Media: A Comprehensive Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Techniques
Amputee Gait Phase Recognition Using Multiple GMM-HMM
GCLR: GNN-Based Cross Layer Optimization for Multipath TCP by Routing
ML-Powered Handwriting Analysis for Early Detection of Alzheimer's Disease
Radio Frequency Fingerprint Identification Based on Deep Complex Residual Network
SpaceCAM: A 16 nm FinFET Low-Power Soft-Error Tolerant TCAM Design for Space Communication Applications
Graph Neural Network for Air Quality Prediction: A Case Study in Madrid
Compressed Holistic ConvNet Representations for Detecting Loop Closures in Dynamic Environments
T-DYNMOGA-Q w : Detecting Community From Dynamic Residue Interaction Energy Network and Its Application in Analyzing Lipase Thermostability
Secure Privacy-Preserving Association Rule Mining With Single Cloud Server
Joint Federated Learning Using Deep Segmentation and the Gaussian Mixture Model for Breast Cancer Tumors
A Novel Control Strategy for an Energy Saving Hydraulic System With Near-Zero Overflowing Energy-Loss
An Evolutionary Game Coordinated Control Approach to Division of Labor in Multi-Agent Systems
Dynamic Clustering Scheme for Evolving Data Streams Based on Improved STRAP
Explainable Models for Predicting Academic Pathways for High School Students in Saudi Arabia
A Unified Design Theory for Class-E Resonant DC-DC Converter Topologies
Enhancing Team Performance Prediction Using Deep Learning on Multimodal Sensor Data
A Hierarchical Approach to Resource Allocation in Extensible Multi-Layer LEO-MSS
An Improved Ambiguity Resolution of Three Carriers in Precise Point Positioning
A Hybrid Intelligent Model for the Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics of Wind Turbines Gearbox
A Survey of Data Stream-Based Intrusion Detection Systems
A Novel Low Voltage Ride Through Control Method for Current Source Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Inverters
Enhancing Maritime Data Integration for Platform Services With Sequence-to-Sequence Models and Statistical Refinement
Modeling 5G-NR User Blocking Probability in Conditional Handover-Enabled Heterogeneous Networks
A Neighbor-Guided Memory-Based Neural Network for Session-Aware Recommendation
Adaptive Congestion Control Mechanism to Enhance TCP Performance in Cooperative IoV
Lies Kill, Facts Save: Detecting COVID-19 Misinformation in Twitter
A Conflict-Aware Channel Assignment in Multi-Radio Multi-Channel Wireless Mesh Networks
Sparse Autoregressive Modeling via the Least Absolute LP-Norm Penalized Solution
Unsupervised Domain Adaptation for Low-Dose Computed Tomography Denoising
Successive Point-of-Interest Recommendation With Local Differential Privacy
On Usage of Artificial Intelligence for Predicting Neonatal Diseases, Conditions, and Mortality: A Bibliometric Review
Toward Automated Feature Extraction for Deep Learning Classification of Electrocardiogram Signals
Microseismic Source Location Estimation Using Reverse Double-Difference Time Imaging
On Modeling Link Flooding Attacks and Defenses
Investigation of Combined Electrical Modalities for Fault Diagnosis on a Wound-Rotor Induction Generator
Quantifying Spatial-Related Inertia Value for High Share of Wind Power Integration
HEVC Video Encryption With High Capacity Message Embedding by Altering Picture Reference Indices and Motion Vectors
A Foldable Tightly Coupled Crossed Rings Antenna Array of Ultrawide Bandwidth and Dual Polarization
Compact High Gain Leaky-Wave Antennas Based on Substrate Integrated Waveguide TE 220 Mode
Smart City Wireless Connectivity Considerations and Cost Analysis: Lessons Learnt From Smart Water Case Studies
A Multilingual Handwriting Learning System for Visually Impaired People
Collaborative and Quantitative Prediction for Reinforcement and Penetration Depth of Weld Bead Based on Molten Pool Image and Deep Residual Network
RTEAM: Risk-Based Trust Evaluation Advanced Model for VANETs
Balancing Quality of Experience and Traffic Volume in Adaptive Bitrate Streaming
Reaching Law Based Discrete Time Sliding Mode Inventory Management Strategy
Student Engagement Recognition: Comprehensive Analysis Through EEG and Verification by Image Traits Using Deep Learning Techniques
Predicting Traffic Conditions Using Knowledge-Growing Bayes Classifier
A Self-Regulating Method for IGBT Turn-Off Peak Voltage Control With Turn-Off Characteristics Improvement
Statistical Energy Information and Analysis of Pakistan Economic Corridor Based on Strengths, Availabilities, and Future Roadmap
Exploring Motion Information in Homography Calculation for Football Matches With Moving Cameras
Learning-Aided Deep Path Prediction for Sphere Decoding in Large MIMO Systems
A Generalized High Gain Multilevel Inverter for Small Scale Solar Photovoltaic Applications
Estimation of Essential Battery State Parameters for Battery Management Systems (BMS) in Electric Vehicles Using Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) and Time Series Analysis Combined With Extended Kalman Filter
Partial Interference Suppression in Massive MIMO Systems: Taxonomy and Experimental Analysis
Physical Layer Key Generation Scheme Through Scrambling the Correlated Eavesdropping Channel
Learning Sparse Representation With Variational Auto-Encoder for Anomaly Detection
Big Data and Machine Learning With Hyperspectral Information in Agriculture
Denoising UWB Radar Data for Human Activity Recognition Using Convolutional Autoencoders
PRISM-Med: Parameter-Efficient Robust Interdomain Specialty Model for Medical Language Tasks
Robust MPC-Based Fault-Tolerant Control for Trajectory Tracking of Surface Vessel
A Novel Bio-Inspired Hybrid Algorithm (NBIHA) for Efficient Resource Management in Fog Computing
Cellular Data Analytics for Detection and Discrimination of Body Movements
Comparison of AC Flashover Performance of Snow-Accreted Insulators Under Natural and Artificial Simulation Environments
An Effective Bicubic Convolution Interpolation-Based Iterative Luma Optimization for Enhancing Quality in Chroma Subsampling
A New Leakage-Based Precoding Scheme in IoT Oriented Cognitive MIMO-OFDM Systems
A Cooperative Lane Change Model for Connected and Automated Vehicles
DCBRTS: A Classification-Summarization Approach for Evolving Tweet Streams in Multiobjective Optimization Framework
Advancing AIoMT-Enabled Healthcare System-of-Systems Using Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning
Efficient Surrogate Model Assisted Estimation of Distribution Algorithm for Expensive Optimization
An Implementation Framework to Attain 6R-Based Sustainable Lean Implementation - A Case Study
Hyperledger Fabric-Based Lightweight Group Management (H-LGM) for IoT Devices
Complexity and Multistability in the Centrifugal Flywheel Governor System With Stochastic Noise
Consistency in Positive Reciprocal Matrices: An Improvement in Measurement Methods
Deep Learning Models for Time Series Forecasting: A Review
Energy Efficient Real-Time Tasks Scheduling on High-Performance Edge-Computing Systems Using Genetic Algorithm
The Effect of Narrow-Band Transmission on Recognition of Paralinguistic Information From Human Vocalizations
OXSeg: Multidimensional Attention UNet-Based Lip Segmentation Using Semi-Supervised Lip Contours
CRC-Aided Logarithmic Stack Decoding of Polar Codes for Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communication in 3GPP New Radio
A Comprehensive Study of Digital Image Steganographic Techniques
An Assorted Design for Joint Monitoring of Process Parameters: An Efficient Approach for Fuel Consumption
Internet of Things and Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture Applications: A Survey
Experimental Investigation on the Alleged Gender-Differences in Pedestrian Dynamics: A Study Reveals No Gender Differences in Pedestrian Movement Behavior
Performance Analysis of NOMA With Fixed Gain Relaying Over Nakagami-m Fading Channels
Channel Models for Performance Evaluation of Wireless Systems in Railway Environments
Distributed Interval Optimization Over Time-Varying Networks: A Numerical Programming Perspective
Flexible Resource Block Allocation to Multiple Slices for Radio Access Network Slicing Using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Establishment of a Wideband Radar Scattering Center Model of a Plasma Sheath
Safety Appraisal of GNSS-Based Localization Systems Used in Train Spacing Control
Desalination Plant Performance Prediction Model Using Grey Wolf Optimizer Based ANN Approach
MedTrans: Intelligent Computing for Medical Diagnosis Using Multiscale Cross-Attention Vision Transformer
TSM: Topological Scene Map for Representation in Indoor Environment Understanding
Responsibility Identification for Harmonic Oscillation Issues in the Parallel Grid-Connected Inverters System
The Data Supplement Method of Azimuthal EM LWD Based on Deep Learning
Bioinspired Image Processing Enabled Facial Emotion Recognition Using Equilibrium Optimizer With a Hybrid Deep Learning Model
Template Matching for 3D Objects in Large Point Clouds Using DBMS
A Probabilistic Model Predictive Control Approach for PV-Diesel Hybrid Systems in Ghana's Health Sector Using Seamless State Prediction Methods
A Localization Based on Unscented Kalman Filter and Particle Filter Localization Algorithms
Non-Repudiable Provable Data Possession Scheme With Designated Verifier in Cloud Storage Systems
Enhancing Software Effort Estimation With Self-Organizing Migration Algorithm: A Comparative Analysis of COCOMO Models
No Reference 3D Mesh Quality Assessment Learned From Quality Scores on 2D Projections
Blockchain-Enabled Federated Learning With Mechanism Design
Combination of Images and Point Clouds in a Generative Adversarial Network for Upsampling Crack Point Clouds
A Stochastic Attention CNN Model for Rumor Stance Classification
Differential Game Model of Distributed Energy Sharing in Industrial Clusters Based on the Cap-and-Trade Mechanism
Dynamic User Grouping-Based NOMA Over Rayleigh Fading Channels
Severity Assessment of Social Anxiety Disorder Using Deep Learning Models on Brain Effective Connectivity
Ride-Sharing Matching Under Travel Time Uncertainty Through Data-Driven Robust Optimization
In-Vessel Resonant Communications
Construction of Human Motivational Profiles by Observation for Risk Analysis
Developing Novel Robust Loss Functions-Based Classification Layers for DLLSTM Neural Networks
A Whole-Body Musculoskeletal Model of the Mouse
Deepfake Detection on Social Media: Leveraging Deep Learning and FastText Embeddings for Identifying Machine-Generated Tweets
Toward Determinism in 5G Transport: Adaptive Scheduling Strategies for Time-Aware Shaper Under Mobility
Rule-Based Control of Battery External Heating for Electric Vehicle During Driving at Low Temperatures
Centralized Trust-Based In-Band Control for SDN Control Channel