yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
Enhancing Manufacturing-as-a-Service Supply Chain Transparency With Master-Slave Multi-Chain and SQS-PBFT
Obscuring Transaction Information in Decentralized P2P Wireless Networks
Scene-Awareness Based Single Image Dehazing Technique via Automatic Estimation of Sky Area
Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Image Classification: An Explainable AI Approach
On the Improvement Attack Upon Some Variants of RSA Cryptosystem via the Continued Fractions Method
An Enhanced Hybrid Glowworm Swarm Optimization Algorithm for Traffic-Aware Vehicular Networks
Bibliometric Analysis of the Blockchain Scientific Evolution: 2014-2020
Secure Healthcare Data Aggregation and Transmission in IoT - A Survey
Analysing Convergence, Consistency, and Trajectory of Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Location Aware and Node Ranking Value-Assisted Embedding Algorithm for One-Stage Embedding in Multiple Distributed Virtual Network Embedding
Risk-Based Traded Demand Response Between Consumers' Aggregator and Retailer Using Downside Risk Constraints Technique
Partial Discharge Localization in 3-D With a Multi-DNN Model Based on a Virtual Measurement Method
Data-Driven Relay Selection for Physical-Layer Security: A Decision Tree Approach
Recent Challenges and Opportunities in Video Summarization With Machine Learning Algorithms
A Secure and Robust Machine Learning Model for Intrusion Detection in Internet of Vehicles
Automated Red Palm Weevil Detection Using Gorilla Troops Optimizer With Deep Learning Model
A Novel Physical Layer Encryption Algorithm Based on Statistical Characteristics of Time-Selective Channels
Boundary Control of a Vibrating String Subject to Input Saturation and Output Constraint
How Learner Support Services Affect Student Engagement in Online Learning Environments
A Deep Inside Quantum Technology Industry Trends and Future Implications
Information Mandala: Statistical Distance Matrix With Clustering
Polarity Effect of Flowing Air Discharge
Achieving Privacy-Preserving Subset Aggregation in Fog-Enhanced IoT
Millimeter Wave Real-Time Tracking and Imaging of Moving Objects Based on Virtual MIMO Array and State Vector Prediction
Local Discriminative Embedding Broad Learning System With Graph Convolutional for Hyperspectral Image Classification
Power Budgeting of LEO Satellites: An Electrical Power System Design for 5G Missions
Proof of Inherent Intelligence Consensus Mechanism Empowering Blockchain-Enabled Transactive Energy
A Memory Term Reduction Approach for Digital Pre-Distortion Using the Attention Mechanism
Exploring Multi-Reader Buffers and Channel Placement During Dataflow Network Mapping to Heterogeneous Many-Core Systems
X-Ray Luminescence and X-Ray Fluorescence Computed Tomography: New Molecular Imaging Modalities
H ∞ Control of Networked Control System With Data Packet Dropout via Observer-Based Controller
Balloon Pin-Array Gripper: Modeling of Holding Force Generation Mechanism and Parametric Grasping Analysis
Real-Time Online Tracking via a Convolution-Based Complementary Model
Structural Analysis of Multi-Domain Dynamic Systems Modeled via Bond Graphs
A Method to Improve the Security of Information Diffusion in Complex Networks - Node Trust-Value Management Mechanism
Electrical Parameter Estimation Method for Surface-Mounted Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors Considering Voltage Source Inverter Nonlinearity
The Obfuscated Network Steganography
Speeding Up LAT: Generating a Linear Approximation Table Using a Bitsliced Implementation
Comparative Evaluation of Efficiency and Reliability of Single-Phase Five-Level NPC Inverters for Photovoltaic Systems
Fast Approach for Analysis Windows Computation of Multiwindow Discrete Gabor Transform
A Stereo SLAM System With Dense Mapping
Research on Point Cloud Registration and Stitching Fusion Algorithm Based on GCN-PRFNet
A Novel Cancelable FaceHashing Technique Based on Non-Invertible Transformation With Encryption and Decryption Template
Optimal Battery Charging Schedule for a Battery Swapping Station of an Electric Bus With a PV Integration Considering Energy Costs and Peak-to-Average Ratio
Optimization of Wearable Biosensor Data for Stress Classification Using Machine Learning and Explainable AI
LLTQ+: A Hardware-Friendly Quantization Framework for Modern YOLO Architectures
A Real-Time Simulation for P2P Energy Trading Using a Distributed Algorithm
Digital Twins and Enabling Technology Applications in Mining: Research Trends, Opportunities, and Challenges
IoU-Related Arbitrary Shape Text Scoring Detector
Wide Color Gamut Autostereoscopic 2D-3D Switchable Display Based on Dynamic Subpixel Arrangement
A Fully-Unsupervised Possibilistic C-Means Clustering Algorithm
Multimodal Phishing Detection on Social Networking Sites: A Systematic Review
Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting for Underground Sensor Nodes: Possibilities and Challenges
Design and Analysis of a Novel Gravity-Compensating Vertical Linear Motor
Analysis of Specified Capacity in Power Banks
A Novel Second Order Repetitive Control That Facilitates Stability Analysis and its Application to Magnetically Suspended Rotors
A Survey of Visual SLAM Methods
Detection and Localization of False Data Injection Attacks in Smart Grid Based on Joint Maximum a Posteriori-Maximum Likelihood
Modeling and Control of Dish-Stirling Solar Thermal Integrated With PMDC Generator Optimized by Meta-Heuristic Approach
HAFC: Handover Authentication Scheme Based on Fog Computing for 5G-Assisted Vehicular Blockchain Networks
Dimension Reduction Techniques for Machine Learning-Based AC Microgrid Fault Diagnosis: A Systematic Review
FFSwinNet: CNN-Transformer Combined Network With FFT for Shale Core SEM Image Segmentation
Analysis of Single-Event Transient in Tunneling-Based Ternary CMOS With Gate-All-Around Structure
An Adaptive Generalized S-Transform Algorithm for Seismic Signal Analysis
Design and Application of a Laconic Heart Sound Neural Network
A Comprehensive Approach to Intrusion Detection in IoT Environments Using Hybrid Feature Selection and Multi-Stage Classification Techniques
Research on Emergency Collision Avoidance System of Man-Machine Cooperative Driving Vehicles Based on Additional Yaw Moment Control
Sharing to Learn and Learning to Share; Fitting Together Meta, Multi-Task, and Transfer Learning: A Meta Review
Protein Subcellular Localization Prediction by Concatenation of Convolutional Blocks for Deep Features Extraction From Microscopic Images
Advertisements on Knowledge Payment Platforms: A Game Theoretic Analysis of Pricing Strategies
Emotion-Specific Facial Activation Maps Based on Infrared Thermal Image Sequences
Enhancing Global and Local Context Modeling in Time Series Through Multi-Step Transformer-Diffusion Interaction
An Improved Ant Colony Algorithm for Optimized Band Selection of Hyperspectral Remotely Sensed Imagery
Nearest-Neighbor Dual-Path Contrastive Learning for Lumbar Disc Herniation MRI Image Classification
Symbol Level Precoding With Low Resolution DACs for Constant Envelope OFDM MU-MIMO Systems
Soft Computing Techniques for Surface Roughness Prediction in Hard Turning: A Literature Review
Joint Design of Improved Spectrum and Energy Efficiency With Backscatter NOMA for IoT
Designing Future Wireless Networks (FWN)s With Net Zero (NZ) and Zero Touch (ZT) Perspective
A Flexible Communication Protocol With Guaranteed Determinism for Distributed, Safety-Critical Real-Time Systems
Learning Nonlinear Feature Mapping via Constrained Non-Convex Optimization for Unsupervised Salient Object Detection
A Multi-Criteria Comparison of Large Language Model Powered Assistants in Pre-Research Studies for the Academia
Neuro-Based Adaptive PID Controller for Marine Satellite Tracking Systems
CNN-CLFFA: Support Mobile Edge Computing in Transportation Cyber Physical System
An Improved Point-to-Plane Registration Method for Terrestrial Laser Scanning Data
Age-Related Differences in Complexity During Handgrip Control Using Multiscale Entropy
Advancements in Landmine Detection: Deep Learning-Based Analysis With Thermal Drones
A mHEMT Power-Reconfigurable Distributed Amplifier Using a Gain Cell Switching Technique
Real-Time Joint Angular-Acceleration Planning for Vision-Based Kinematically Redundant Manipulator in Dynamic Environment
BLS-MT-ZKP: A Novel Approach to Selective Disclosure of Claims From Digital Credentials
Orchestration of MEC Computation Jobs and Energy Consumption Challenges in 5G and Beyond
Cooperative Control of Multi-Agent Systems Under Communication Delays and Packet Loss Scenarios
ML-GAT: A Multilevel Graph Attention Model for Stock Prediction
A High-Gain Leaky-Wave Antenna Using Resonant Cavity Structure With Unidirectional Frequency Scanning Capability for 5G Applications
A Wideband Broadside Coupled Yagi Antenna and Arrays System for Ku Band Applications
Kinematic Calibration and Compensation of Industrial Robots Based on Extended Joint Space
A High-Gain Transmitarray for Generating Dual-Mode OAM Beams
A Key Skeleton Points Guided Classroom Action Recognition Method Based on Multimodal Symmetry Fusion
A Survey of Measures for Network Motifs
EffiDenseGenOp: Ensemble Transfer Learning With Hyperparameter Tuning Using Genetic Algorithm Optimization for PCOS Detection From Ultrasound Sonography Images
Optimal Control Method for Robot-Tracking Based on Control-Lyapunov-Function
Improved RRT Algorithms to Solve Path Planning of Multi-Glider in Time-Varying Ocean Currents
Breast Mass Detection With Faster R-CNN: On the Feasibility of Learning From Noisy Annotations
A Novel Computational Intelligence-Based Parameter Extraction of UAV-Integrated Photovoltaic System
Addressing Uncertainty in Online Alarm Flood Classification Using Conformal Prediction
A Hybrid Optimization Approach to Enhance Source Location Privacy for IoT Healthcare
A Bi-Objective Capacitated Location-Routing Problem for Multiple Perishable Commodities
Two-Stage Decision Model of Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain Based on Option Contract
User Intent-Based Music Generation Model Combining Actor-Critic Approach With MusicVAE
Particle-Swarm-Optimization-Based 2D Output Feedback Robust Constraint Model Predictive Control for Batch Processes
A Comparison of Multi-Label Text Classification Models in Research Articles Labeled With Sustainable Development Goals
An Improved Minor Component Analysis Algorithm Based on Convergence Analysis of 5G Multi-Dimensional Signals
EEG-SKDNet: A Self-Knowledge Distillation Model With Scaled Weights for Emotion Recognition From EEG Signals
Load Distribution Optimization of Multi-Source District Heating System Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process
A Novel Online Dynamic Temporal Context Neural Network Framework for the Prediction of Road Traffic Flow
Classification of Stroke Severity Using Clinically Relevant Symmetric Gait Features Based on Recursive Feature Elimination With Cross-Validation
Interaction Framework and Method of Electric Vehicles Aggregator and Distribution Transformer Area Based on Federated Learning
YOLOMuskmelon: Quest for Fruit Detection Speed and Accuracy Using Deep Learning
A Novel Temporal Dynamic Wavelength Bandwidth Allocation Based on Long-Short-Term-Memory in NG-EPON
Microanalysis Using Acoustically Actuated Droplets Pinned Onto a Thread
Facial Age Estimation Using a Multi-Task Network Combining Classification and Regression
A High-Precision Dual-Frequency Magnetic Induction Through-the-Earth Positioning Method
A Taxonomy and Review of Remote Attestation Schemes in Embedded Systems
A Novel Case Base Reasoning and Frequent Pattern Based Decision Support System for Mitigating Software Risk Factors
Decision Support System for Classification Medullary Thyroid Cancer
Outside Box and Contactless Palm Vein Recognition Based on a Wavelet Denoising ResNet
Training Robust Deep Neural Networks on Noisy Labels Using Adaptive Sample Selection With Disagreement
Economic Circuit Theory: Electrical Network Theory for Dynamical Economic Systems
A Novel Labeling Method for Radar Pulse Data With Complex Modulations and Parametric Overlaps
SCA-Net: A Spatial and Channel Attention Network for Medical Image Segmentation
Deep Label Feature Fusion Hashing for Cross-Modal Retrieval
A Multivariate Analysis Framework for Vehicle Detection From Loop Data Under Heterogeneous and Less Lane Disciplined Traffic
Constrained Restless Bandits for Dynamic Scheduling in Cyber-Physical Systems
CaaS: Caching as a Service for 5G Networks
Bi2Bi Communication: Toward Encouragement of Sustainable Smart Mobility
Detection of Valvular Heart Diseases From PCG Signals Using Machine and Deep Learning Models: A Review
Adaptive Hierarchical Classification for Human Activity Recognition Using Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) Time-Series Data
Noise Reduction in ECG Signals Using Fully Convolutional Denoising Autoencoders
Artificial Intelligence in Data Science: Evaluating Forecasting Models for Solar Energy in the Amazon Basin
A Comprehensive Survey of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) in Cybersecurity Intrusion Detection
Semi-GAN: An Improved GAN-Based Missing Data Imputation Method for the Semiconductor Industry
Rolling Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Improved GAN and 2-D Representation of Acoustic Emission Signals
IA-KNNR: A Novel Imbalance-Aware Approach for Handling Multi-Label Class Imbalance Problem
Predicting Pipe Failures: A Machine Learning Approach to Asset Management in District Heating
Enhancing Real-Time Simulation of the Complexity Natural Gas Pipeline Network Through MLP-Newton Algorithm for High Precision and Reliability
A Novel Joint Extraction Model for Entity Relations Using Interactive Encoding and Visual Attention
Speech Emotion Recognition by Combining a Unified First-Order Attention Network With Data Balance
Enhancing Stock Market Prediction: A Robust LSTM-DNN Model Analysis on 26 Real-Life Datasets
A Feature Selection and Enhanced Reuse Framework for Detection and Classification of Dental Diseases in Panoramic Dental X-Rays Images
Bipartite Consensus on Coopetition Networks With Time-Varying Delays
STAug: Copy-Paste Based Image Augmentation Technique Using Salient Target
WIRD: An Efficiency Migration Scheme in Hybrid DRAM and PCM Main Memory for Image Processing Applications
Fault Grading Techniques of Software Test Libraries for Safety-Critical Applications
5G mm-Wave Technology: Innovative Design of Integrating mm-Wave Wideband Antenna With a Compact CP Microwave Antenna for Diverse Applications
A Reinforcement Learning Approach to Dynamic Scheduling in a Product-Mix Flexibility Environment
Solution and Analysis of Scattering Field of Power Transmission Lines Based on Characteristic Mode Theory
Antenna Selection for Full-Duplex Distributed Antenna Systems
A Dual-Band Metasurface Reflector Using Ring Resonator With Interdigital Capacitor
Cograph Regularized Collective Nonnegative Matrix Factorization for Multilabel Image Annotation
Training an Approximate Logic Dendritic Neuron Model Using Social Learning Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm
Respiratory Rate Estimation Using Dual-IMU Signals and Deep Learning: A Spectrogram-Based Framework Toward Feasible Wearable Deployment
Hybrid Imaging System for Simultaneous Spiral MR and X-ray (MRX) Scans
Stepper Motor Position Control Using PD and MPC Algorithms Embedded in Programmable Logic Controller
Perceiving Artistic Expression: A Formal Exploration of Performance Art Salsa
Batch Hard Contrastive Loss and Its Application to Cross-View Gait Recognition
Joint Optimization Method of Trajectory of UAV Swarm and MIMO Radar Radiation Power Based on Posterior Fisher Information Matrix
Calibration Procedure of Camera With Multifocus Zoom Lens for Three-Dimensional Scanning System
Fusion Diffusion Mamba for Missing Data Reconstruction
Deep Transformer Based Video Inpainting Using Fast Fourier Tokenization
FARM: A Fairness-Aware Recommendation Method for High Visibility and Low Visibility Mobile APPs
Application Ontology for Multi-Agent and Web-Services' Co-Simulation in Power and Energy Systems
Hybrid Vision Based Reach-to-Grasp Task Planning Method for Trans-Humeral Prostheses
Cross Layer Power Allocation by Graph Neural Networks in Heterogeneous D2D Video Communications
Path Following for a Class of Underactuated Systems Using Global Parameterization
A Statistical Comparative Study on Image Reconstruction and Clustering With Novel VAE Cost Function
State of Charge Dependent Constitutive Model of the Jellyroll of Cylindrical Lithium-Ion Cells
Approximate Dynamic Inversion for Nonaffine Nonlinear Systems With High-Order Mismatched Disturbances and Actuator Saturation
Practical Real-Time Implementation of a Disturbance Rejection Control Scheme for a Twin-Rotor Helicopter System Using Intelligent Active Force Control
Profit Maximization for EVSEs-Based Renewable Energy Sources in Smart Cities With Different Arrival Rate Scenarios
Construction Algorithm for Adaptive Morphological Structuring Elements Based on the Neighborhood Gray Difference Changing Vector Field and Relative Density
Data-Driven Analysis for Calculated Time Over in Air Traffic Flow Management
Creating an API Ecosystem for Assistive Technologies Oriented to Cognitive Disabilities
Recommendation System Based on Deep Sentiment Analysis and Matrix Factorization
Effect of Additional Transmitting Coils on Transfer Distance in Multiple-Transmitter Wireless Power Transfer System
Robot Formation Control Based on Internet of Things Technology Platform
Text Analytics and Mixed Feature Extraction in Ovarian Cancer Clinical and Genetic Data
A Generalization of Lindstedt-Poincaré Perturbation Method to Strongly Mixed-Parity Nonlinear Oscillators
ExTENDS: Efficient Data Placement and Management for Next Generation PCM-Based Storage Systems
Real-Time Simulator of a Six Degree-of-Freedom Hydraulic Manipulator for Pipe-Cutting Applications
Transmission Control in NB-IoT With Model-Based Reinforcement Learning
Redesigning MAC Superframes for Adaptive Priority Handling in IEEE 802.15.7-Based Optical Wireless Sensor Networks
Image Restoration for Low-Dose CT via Transfer Learning and Residual Network
Learning-Based JND-Directed HDR Video Preprocessing for Perceptually Lossless Compression With HEVC
Dynamic Load Balancing for Enhanced Network Performance in IoT-Enabled Smart Healthcare With Fog Computing
Load Distribution-Based Research on a Cascading Failure Model of Network Public Opinion Dissemination
A Reliable IoT Edge Computing Trust Management Mechanism for Smart Cities
Data-Efficient Reinforcement Learning for Variable Impedance Control
Improving Predictability of User-Affecting Metrics to Support Anomaly Detection in Cloud Services
Combining Adaptive Hierarchical Depth Motion Maps With Skeletal Joints for Human Action Recognition
Perspectives on the Gap Between the Software Industry and the Software Engineering Education
Tracking of Maneuvering Star-Convex Extended Target Using Modified Adaptive Extended Kalman Filter
Improved Control of Capacitor Voltage Balancing in Modular Multilevel Converter Submodules
Plant Identification in a Combined-Imbalanced Leaf Dataset
Adversarial Attention-Based Variational Graph Autoencoder
Feedback-Driven Pattern Matching in Time Series Data
Five Decades of Hierarchical Modulation and Its Benefits in Relay-Aided Networking
Multi-Step-Ahead Wind Speed Forecast System: Hybrid Multivariate Decomposition and Feature Selection-Based Gated Additive Tree Ensemble Model
Privacy-Preserving Data Mining: Methods, Metrics, and Applications
Fabrication, Mechanical Modeling, and Experiments of a 3D-Motion Soft Actuator for Flexible Sensing
VG-DropDNet a Robust Architecture for Blood Vessels Segmentation on Retinal Image
Intelligent Prediction of Human Lower Extremity Joint Moment: An Artificial Neural Network Approach
High-Responsivity Unitraveling Carrier-Type Photodetector Using Avalanche InAlAs as a Collector at a High-Frequency Range
Discriminant Manifold Learning via Sparse Coding for Robust Feature Extraction
Protein-Protein Interaction Prediction via Graph Signal Processing
Visual Positioning Algorithm Based on Multi-Level Features
ResTreeNet: A Height-Aware LiDAR Tree Classification Model With Explainable AI for Forestry Applications
Sensor Scheduling and Resource Allocation in Distributed MIMO Radar for Joint Target Tracking and Detection
Arabic Scene Text Recognition in the Deep Learning Era: Analysis on a Novel Dataset
Merger of Network Graph Indicators to Estimate Resilience in Latin American Cities
Battery Energy Storage Models for Optimal Control
Corrections to "Design and Analysis of a Five-Phase Fault-Tolerant Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor for Aerospace Starter-Generator System"
Vision-Based Control of Robotic Arm Mounted on Unmanned Surface Vehicle for Rocket Recovery
Super-Resolution of 3D Brain MRI With Filter Learning Using Tensor Feature Clustering
A Path Planning and Navigation Control System Design for Driverless Electric Bus
3D Head Motion Detection Using Millimeter-Wave Doppler Radar
Study on Surface Rainwater and Arc Characteristics of High-Voltage Bushing With Booster Sheds Under Heavy Rainfall
Localizing Noncooperative Receiver Through Full-Duplex Amplify-and-Forward Relay
Model Predictive Control for EV Aggregators Participating in System Frequency Regulation Market
InnoHAR: A Deep Neural Network for Complex Human Activity Recognition
Open Capacity Enhancement Model of Medium Voltage Distribution Network With Mobile Energy Storage System
Could Petrol Stations Play a Key Role in Transportation Electrification? A GIS-Based Coverage Maximization of Fast EV Chargers in Urban Environment
On Monitoring of the Shape Parameter of the Inverse Gaussian Distribution via Memoryless Chart Under Bayesian Setup
A Dynamic Triple-Image Encryption Scheme Based on Chaos, S-Box and Image Compressing
Corrections to "A Mutual Authentication Scheme for Secure Fog Computing Service Handover in Vehicular Network Environment"
Optimal Multimodal Travelway Design for an Urban Street Network
YOLOv8-AM: YOLOv8 Based on Effective Attention Mechanisms for Pediatric Wrist Fracture Detection
Performance Investigation of DFT-Spread OFDM Signal for Short Reach Communication Systems Beyond NG-PON2
Reduction of the Instrument Model Error in Aperture Synthesis Radiometers
Enhancing Observability in Distribution Grids: A Novel Approach to Mitigate Cyberattack Risks in Smart Grid Environments
ShieldRNN: A Distributed Flow-Based DDoS Detection Solution for IoT Using Sequence Majority Voting
Infinite Impulse Response Filter Bank Based Graphic Equalizer Design via Functional Inequality Constrained Optimization and Genetic Algorithm
Integrated-Circuit Enabled Adaptive Metasurface Absorber With Independent Tuning of Orthogonal Polarization Planes
Microgrid Control, Storage, and Communication Strategies to Enhance Resiliency for Survival of Critical Load
HI-FFT: Heterogeneous Parallel In-Place Algorithm for Large-Scale 2D-FFT
Enhanced Multi-Objective Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization for Machining of Delrin
Security and Privacy in the Industrial Internet of Things: Current Standards and Future Challenges
Study on the Qualitative Cohesion in Bitcoin Market Price Prediction
Optimal Control of Colored Timed Petri Nets Under Generalized Mutual Exclusion Temporal Constraints
Multi-Clusters Adaptive Brain Storm Optimization Algorithm for QoS-Aware Service Composition
Boosting Cervical Cancer Prediction Leveraging a Hybrid FT-Transformer Model
Fast Near-Interface Traps in 4H-SiC MOS Capacitors Measured by an Integrated-Charge Method
Critical Offset Optimizations for Overlapping-Based Time-Triggered Windows in Time-Sensitive Network
Optimal Deployment of Antenna for Field Coverage in Coal Mine Tunnels
Face Hallucination via Gradient Constrained Sparse Representation
Inertial Kinetic Energy Harvesters for Wearables: The Benefits of Energy Harvesting at the Foot
XGBoost-Based Algorithm Interpretation and Application on Post-Fault Transient Stability Status Prediction of Power System
Smart Furniture as a Component of a Smart City - Definition Based on Key Technologies Specification
Adaptive Iterative Learning Control of Switched Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems With Unmodeled Dynamics
Partial Reachability Graph Analysis of Petri Nets for Flexible Manufacturing Systems
Review on Clustering, Coverage and Connectivity in Underwater Wireless Sensor Networks: A Communication Techniques Perspective