yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
Vehicle Rollover Propensity Detection Based on a Mass-Center-Position Metric: A Continuous and Completed Method
On the Security of Cognitive Radio Networks
Outage Performance of NOMA-Based Multi-User Satellite Communication System Under Polarization Conversion
Joint mmWave Beamforming and Resource Allocation in NOMA-MEC Network for Internet of Things
Performance Comparison of Downlink Capacity Improvement Schemes: Orthogonal Code-Hopping Multiplexing Versus Multiple Scrambling Codes
Performance analysis of DS-SS PN code acquisition systems using soft-decision techniques in a Rayleigh-fading channel
Path Tracking Control of a Motorcycle Based on System Identification
Mobility management and signaling traffic analysis for multi-tier wireless mobile networks
A Fixed-Time Formation-Containment Control Scheme for Multi-Agent Systems With Motion Planning: Applications to Quadcopter UAVs
Iterative Beamformer Design for Multi-Node MIMO Two-Way Relay Networks Using Duality
Software-Defined Radio Equipped With Rapid Modulation Recognition
Hierarchical Communication Network for Electric Vehicles Aggregation and Control
CoMS: Collaborative DNN Model Selection for Heterogeneous Edge Computing Systems
Compressed Spectrum Sensing of Sparse Wideband Signals Based on Deep Learning
Design and Analysis of Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation With Pseudorandom Sequence
Channel Characterization for Intra-Wagon Communication at 60 and 300 GHz Bands
Joint Beamforming for Integrated Mmwave Satellite-Terrestrial Self-Backhauled Networks
Secure Communication Using Interference Cancellation Against Multiple Jammers
Energy-Efficient Transmission Design in Non-orthogonal Multiple Access
Compact Broadband Dual-Band Filtenna With High Selectivity for Vehicle Application
Antenna Reliability Ordering Technique for Unequal Error Protection in Jointly Detected MIMO Systems
Reducing the Fuel Consumption of an Hybrid Electric Vehicle With the Use of Model Predictive Control-Case Study
Device-Free Localization With Multidimensional Wireless Link Information
A Deep-NN Beamforming Approach for Dual Function Radar-Communication THz UAV
An adaptive asynchronous CDMA multiuser detector for frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channels
Comparison of Submarine Drive Topologies Using Multiobjective Genetic Algorithms
Approximate Sum Rate for Integer-Forcing Receiver With Imperfect Channel Estimation
MIMO Radar Transmit-Receive Design for Moving Target Detection in Signal-Dependent Clutter
Effective Adaptive Iteration Algorithm for Frequency Tracking and Channel Estimation in OFDM Systems
On the Downlink Performance of RSMA-Based UAV Communications
Power Allocation Over Fading Cognitive MIMO Channels: An Ergodic Capacity Perspective
Decentralized Baseband Processing With Gaussian Message Passing Detection for Uplink Massive MU-MIMO Systems
Dual-Layered MIMO Transmission for Increased Bandwidth Efficiency
Path-Independent Device-Free Gait Recognition Using mmWave Signals
System-Level Analysis and Optimization of Cellular Networks With Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer: Stochastic Geometry Modeling
Automatic Modulation Classification Using CNN-LSTM Based Dual-Stream Structure
Transmit Antenna Selected V-BLAST Systems With Power Allocation
Reducing the Peak-to-Average Power Ratio of OFDM Signals Through Precoding
A Partial Compress-and-Forward Strategy for Relay-Assisted Wireless Networks Based on Rateless Coding
Trajectory Design and Power Control for Multi-UAV Assisted Wireless Networks: A Machine Learning Approach
Noncoherent Synchronization of UWB-IR Multiple-Antenna Multipath Channels
Channel Assignment With Access Contention Resolution for Cognitive Radio Networks
A New Sparse Channel Estimation and Tracking Method for Time-Varying OFDM Systems
Dynamic Traffic Signal Timing Optimization Strategy Incorporating Various Vehicle Fuel Consumption Characteristics
Handover Performance of Priority Schemes in Cellular Networks
Multichannel Sharing and Joint Detection for Cell-Edge Users in Downlink Multicell OFDMA Systems
Green Beamforming Design for Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems: A Practical Approach Using Beam-Matching Error Metrics
Device-to-Device Communications Enabled Multicast Scheduling for mmWave Small Cells Using Multi-Level Codebooks
Boundary Helps: Reliable Route Selection With Directional Antennas in Cognitive Radio Networks
Design and Optimization for Energy-Efficient Cooperative MIMO Transmission in Ad Hoc Networks
Towards Mobile Data Centres: Provision of End-to-End 10 and 40 Gbit/s Ethernet Train Backbones on International Rolling Stock
A Battery-Aware Scheme for Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks
Offline and Online Scheduling Algorithms for Energy Harvesting RSUs in VANETs
SPRCA: Distributed Multisource Information Propagation in Multichannel VANETs
On the error floor of MSK signal transmission over a multipath channel with small time dispersion
IMRSG: Incentive Mechanism Based on Rubinstein-Starr Game for Mobile CrowdSensing
Successive Interference Cancellation Schemes for Time-Reversal Space-Time Block Codes
A Switched Reluctance Motor Torque Ripple Reduction Strategy With Deadbeat Current Control and Active Thermal Management
Channel Estimation With Systematic Polar Codes
A Blockchain-Based Method to Defend Against Massive SSDF Attacks in Cognitive Internet of Vehicles
Trajectory Tracking-Based Lane Changing in Connected Vehicles With Unreliable Communication
Combating the Control Signal Spoofing Attack in UAV Systems
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided AirComp: Multi-Timescale Design and Performance Analysis
Modeling and Performance Analysis of Multihop Cooperative Wireless Networks
A fault-tolerant control architecture for induction motor drives in automotive applications
On the Joint Impact of Hardware Impairments and Imperfect CSI on Successive Decoding
Energy-Efficient Service Placement Based on Equivalent Bandwidth in Cell Zooming Enabled Mobile Edge Cloud Networks
A Distributed Multi-Vehicle Coordination Algorithm for Navigation in Tight Environments
Minimizing Energy Consumption in MU-MIMO via Antenna Muting by Neural Networks With Asymmetric Loss
Closed-Form Expressions for I/O Relation in Zak-OTFS With Different Delay-Doppler Filters
Groupwise Neighbor Examination for Tabu Search Detection in Large MIMO Systems
Beamspace-Domain Analysis of Single-RF Front-End MIMO Systems
Distributed Learning-Based Spectrum Allocation with Noisy Observations in Cognitive Radio Networks
Skeleton-Based Positioning and Reference Point Deployment for Hybrid Wireless Localization
Soft-Output Successive Cancellation Stack Polar Decoder
DroneNetX: Network Reconstruction Through Connectivity Probing and Relay Deployment by Multiple UAVs in Ad Hoc Networks
Differential Modulation and Relay Selection With Detect-and-Forward Cooperative Relaying
A Load-Balanced Re-Embedding Scheme for Wireless Network Virtualization
Towards High Energy Efficiency for Cell-Free Massive MIMO: A Low-Complexity Approach
Uplink Interference Coordination Management With Power Control for D2D Underlaying Cellular Networks: Modeling, Algorithms, and Analysis
Wireless Powered Cooperative Jamming for Secure OFDM System
Cache-Aided Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access for 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks
STdi4DMPC: Distributed Model Predictive Control for Connected and Automated Truck Platoon With Mixed Traffic Flow Based on Spatiotemporal Trajectory Prediction
Modeling and Analysis of Coverage Degree and Target Detection for Autonomous Underwater Vehicle-Based System
Semi-autonomous adaptive cruise control systems
Active Steering Actuator Fault Detection for an Automatically-Steered Electric Ground Vehicle
EM-Based Maximum-Likelihood Channel Estimation in Multicarrier Systems With Phase Distortion
Joint Beamforming and Antenna Subarray Formation for Nonregenerative MIMO Relay Networks
User Fairness Aware Power Allocation for NOMA-Assisted Video Transmission With Adaptive Quality Adjustment
Multihop V2I Communications: A Feasibility Study, Modeling, and Performance Analysis
Intelligent Reflecting Surface-Assisted Proactive Eavesdropping Over Suspicious Broadcasting Communication With Statistical CSI
GDOP Analysis for Positioning System Design
Data-Driven Lyapunov-Based Model Predictive Control for Improved Trajectory Tracking in Multi-Wheel-Independent-Drive Electric Vehicle
Socially Aware Caching Strategy in Device-to-Device Communication Networks
Impact of an Interfering Node on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Communications
A cross-layer scheduling algorithm with QoS support in wireless networks
Mobility Load Balancing Method for Self-Organizing Wireless Networks Inspired by Synchronization and Matching With Preferences
Optimizing Resource Allocation and Request Routing for AI-Generated Content (AIGC) Services in Mobile Edge Networks With Cell Coupling
A Time-Varying Virtual Resistance Control for Ultracapacitor Based DC-DC Converters
Deep Learning-Assisted Jamming Mitigation With Movable Antenna Array
Edge Position Detection of On-line Charged Vehicles With Segmental Wireless Power Supply
Energy Efficient Resource Allocation for Underlaying Multi-D2D Enabled Multiple-Antennas Communications
A Novel Efficient Initial Access Method for 5G Millimeter Wave Communications Using Genetic Algorithm
Multi-Beam Transmission and Dual-Band Cooperation for Control/Data Plane Decoupled WLANs
Bounding the performance of dynamic channel allocation with QoS provisioning for distributed admission control in wireless networks
Hierarchical Resource Allocation in Multi-Service Wireless Networks With Wireless Network Virtualization
Digital Twin Empowered Heterogeneous Network Selection in Vehicular Networks With Knowledge Transfer
Sum Rate Maximization via STAR-RIS Element Allocation in OFDM Systems
UAV Communications for Sustainable Federated Learning
Deep Reinforcement Learning-Based Adaptive Computation Offloading for MEC in Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks
A Broad Beamforming Approach for High-Mobility Communications
Economics of Semantic Communication System: An Auction Approach
Fast-Swap Charging: An Improved Operation Mode For Catenary-Free Light Rail Networks
RIS-Assisted UAV for Fresh Data Collection in 3D Urban Environments: A Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach
Adaptive Nonlinear Equalizer Using a Mixture of Gaussian-Based Online Density Estimator
On Interference Alignment With Imperfect CSI: Characterizations of Outage Probability, Ergodic Rate and SER
3-D-Skeleton-Based Head Detection and Tracking Using Range Images
On-Demand RIS-Assisted Free Space Optical Access System for 6G Networks
Fast Code Design for Overloaded Code-Division Multiplexing Systems
A Study of the Correlation Between Horizontal and Vertical Polarizations of Impulsive Noise in UHF
Adaptive and Fair Deployment Approach to Balance Offload Traffic in Multi-UAV Cellular Networks
A New Upper Bound on the Achievable Rate of Relay Channel With MIP-QF Strategy
Underwater Localization of AUVs in Motion Using Two-Way Travel Time Measurements With Unknown Sound Velocity
Cross-Layer Routing and Dynamic Spectrum Allocation in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Networks
Online Precoding for Energy Harvesting Transmitter With Finite-Alphabet Inputs and Statistical CSI
Distributed versus centralized multiuser detection with antenna arrays in frequency-selective multipath channels
Energy-Efficient Joint Resource Allocation and Power Control for D2D Communications
Interference Management for In-Band Full-Duplex Vehicular Access Networks
Fuel-Efficient Gear Shift and Power Split Strategy for Parallel HEVs Based on Heuristic Dynamic Programming and Neural Networks
TD3 Algorithm-Based SWIPT With UAV-RIS Assistance for MIMO Communication
Estimation of Synchromesh Frictional Torque and Output Torque in a Clutchless Automated Manual Transmission of a Parallel Hybrid Electric Vehicle
Game-Theoretic Shared Control Strategy for Cooperative Collision Avoidance Under Extreme Conditions
Mobility Management Strategy Based on User Mobility Patterns in Wireless Networks
Scheduling Impact on the Performance of Relay-Enhanced LTE-A Networks
Near-Optimal Allocation Algorithms for Location-Dependent Tasks in Crowdsensing
Coding-Based Slotted ALOHA for Broadcasting Multislot Messages With Delivery Deadline
QoS-Aware Cooperative Computation Offloading for Robot Swarms in Cloud Robotics
MPC-Based Integrated Control of Trajectory Tracking and Handling Stability for Intelligent Driving Vehicle Driven by Four Hub Motor
A Comparison of Multiple Control Strategies for Vehicle Run-Off-Road and Return
Offloading Deep Learning Powered Vision Tasks From UAV to 5G Edge Server With Denoising
Overflow control for cellular mobility database
Efficient reflection and transmission dyad multiplication for 3D geometrical optics
Quantized Communications in Target Enclosing of Autonomous Surface Vehicles With Prescribed Performance Control: Theory and Experiment
Real-Time Optimization of Gear Shift Trajectories Using Quadratic Programming for Electric Vehicles With Dual Clutch Transmission
Data-Aided Noise Reduction for Long-Range Fading Prediction in Adaptive Modulation Systems
Variable Measurement Interval for Channel-Adaptive Random Access
Bilinear Pairing-Based Hybrid Signcryption for Secure Heterogeneous Vehicular Communications
Joint CS Measurement Through Coherent MAC: Exploiting Joint Sparsity of Multiple Phenomena
Advanced Vehicle State Monitoring: Evaluating Moving Horizon Estimators and Unscented Kalman Filter
Selection of Areas for Effective GNSS Spoofing Attacks to a Vehicle-Mounted MSF System Based on Scenario Classification Models
Proportional-Fair Multi-User Scalable Layered Wireless Video Streaming Powered by Energy Harvesting
Clipping Noise Recovery of OTFS Signals Using Reliability-Based Compressed Sensing
Extrapolation of MIMO Mobile-to-Mobile Wireless Channels Using Parametric-Model-Based Prediction
Uplink Multiple-User V-BLAST Optimal Detection Ordering With Service Differentiation
LTE-Assisted Multi-Link MIMO Channel Characterization for High-Speed Train Communication Systems
Approximate Gram-Matrix Interpolation for Wideband Massive MU-MIMO Systems
Multiple Attention Mechanism for Camera-Radar Fusion Object Detection
Trajectory and Transmit Power Optimization for IRS-Assisted UAV Communication Under Malicious Jamming
Power and Bit Allocation in On-Body Channels Using MIMO Antenna Arrays
Characterizing Radio Wave Propagation in Urban Street Canyon With Vehicular Blockage at 28 GHz
Interactive Mobile Augmented Reality System for Image and Hand Motion Tracking
Distributed Maneuvering Vehicle Tracking Algorithm Using Ultra-Wideband in Convoluted Indoor Environments
Characterizing BEV Powertrain Energy Consumption, Efficiency, and Range During Official and Drive Cycles From Gothenburg, Sweden
Energy-Efficiency-Based Optimal Relay Selection Scheme With a BER Constraint in Cooperative Cognitive Radio Networks
Network Utility Maximization Based on an Incentive Mechanism for Truthful Reporting of Local Information
Convergence and Performance of Distributed Power Control Algorithms for Cooperative Relaying in Cellular Uplink Networks
Battery State-of-Power Peak Current Calculation and Verification Using an Asymmetric Parameter Equivalent Circuit Model
Generalized MGF of Inverse Gaussian Distribution With Applications to Wireless Communications
A Generalized Model for the Spatial Characteristics of the Cellular Mobile Channel
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Aided Millimeter Wave Communication Using Subarray-Connected Structure
A Reconfigurable Integrated Control for Narrow Tilting Vehicles
Electromagnetic Exposure Safety Assessment of Medical Implants in the Human Body for EV-WPT Considering Uncertainty
Non-Data-Aided Joint Multi-DFO Estimation for High-Mobility OFDM Communication Systems
Centralized and Decentralized Channel Estimation in FDD Multi-User Massive MIMO Systems
Dynamic Secure Multi-Access Scheme for Interaction in Internet of Vehicles
On the Capacity Region of MANET: Scheduling and Routing Strategy
Asymptotic BER Analysis of a SIMO Multiuser Diversity System
Energy-Efficient Optimization in User-Centric Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems for URLLC With Finite Blocklength Communications
Improving Wireless Security for Bidirectional Communication Scenarios
Stochastic Geometry-Based Trajectory Design for Multi-Purpose UAVs: Package and Data Delivery
Multisource Coordination Energy Management Strategy Based on SOC Consensus for a PEMFC-Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Tramway
Cooperative Medium Access Control Based on Spectrum Leasing
Cooperative Spectrum Sensing in Heterogeneous Cognitive Radio Networks Based on Normalized Energy Detection
Combined Robust Beamforming With Uplink RSMA for Multibeam Satellite Systems
REM-S-Railway Energy Management in Real Rail Operation
Reinforcement Learning Based Environment-Aware V2I Anti-Jamming Communications
Throughput Maximization for Result Multicasting by Admitting Delay-Aware Tasks in MEC Networks for High-Speed Railways
Performance Analysis of Relay-Based Two-Way D2D Communications With Network Coding
Energy-Efficient Secure Short-Packet Transmission in NOMA-Assisted mMTC Networks With Relaying
An Autonomous Vehicle for Video Surveillance of Indoor Environments
Practical Hybrid Beamforming With Finite-Resolution Phase Shifters for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Based Multi-User Communications
Finite-SNR Diversity-Multiplexing Tradeoff With Accurate Performance Analysis for Fully Correlated Rayleigh MIMO Channels
An Improved Deadbeat Control Method for Single-Phase PWM Rectifiers in Charging System for EVs
Iterative Learning Cascade Trajectory Tracking Control for Quadrotor-UAVs With Finite-Frequency Disturbances
Sensor Fault Detection and Isolation Using a Support Vector Machine for Vehicle Suspension Systems
Vehicle Detection and Classification Using Distributed Fiber Optic Acoustic Sensing
Matched filter bound for multichannel diversity over frequency-selective Rayleigh-fading mobile channels
Heuristic Dynamic Programming Based Online Energy Management Strategy for Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Train-to-Edge Cooperative Intelligence for Obstacle Intrusion Detection in Rail Transit
Distributed Online Anomaly Detection for Virtualized Network Slicing Environment
New Formula for Conversion Efficiency of RF EH and Its Wireless Applications
Bias and CRB Analysis of LoS-Based and RSS-Based Ranging Methods
Solutions to performance problems in VoIP over a 802.11 wireless LAN
Reverse link erlang capacity of multiclass CDMA cellular system considering nonideal antenna sectorization
Two-Way Protocol for Downlink Channel State Information Reporting in FDD Networks
LSTM-Based SQL Injection Detection Method for Intelligent Transportation System
ISC-CPPA: Improverd-Security Certificateless Conditional Privacy-Preserving Authentication Scheme With Revocation
Stable Autonomous Robotic Wheelchair Navigation in the Environment With Slope Way
Development of Artificial Intelligence to Classify Quality of Transmission Shift Control Using Deep Convolutional Neural Networks
Joint DOD and DOA Estimation for Bistatic MIMO Radar in Unknown Correlated Noise
Hard-Decision Fusion With Arbitrary Numbers of Bits for Different Samples
Learning From Trajectories: How Heterogeneous CACC Platoons Affect the Traffic Flow in Highway Merging Area
On Secrecy Rate and Optimal Power Allocation of the Full-Duplex Amplify-and-Forward Relay Wire-Tap Channel
The $\alpha$-$\mathcal {F}$ Composite Fading Distribution: Statistical Characterization and Applications
DAGA: Detecting Attacks to In-Vehicle Networks via N-Gram Analysis
Decentralized Coordinated Precoding Design in Cell-Free Massive MIMO Systems for URLLC
Mechanism Design for Wireless Powered Spatial Crowdsourcing Networks
Joint Optimization of BS Clustering and Power Control for NOMA-Enabled CoMP Transmission in Dense Cellular Networks
Secure Internet of Vehicles (IoV) With Decentralized Consensus Blockchain Mechanism
Impact of Max-Min Power Control, Channel Estimation and User Grouping Strategies on Uplink Massive MIMO-NOMA Systems
Robust Secure Beamforming for Integrated Sensing and Communication Systems With the Active RIS
Distributed Variational Filtering for Simultaneous Sensor Localization and Target Tracking in Wireless Sensor Networks
Robust Sum-Rate Maximization for Underlay Device-to-Device Communications on Multiple Channels
A Semi Range-Based Iterative Localization Algorithm for Cognitive Radio Networks
Path Planning Optimization Based Interference Awareness for Mobile Robots in mmWave Multi Cell Networks
Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Unified NOMA Framework
Power-efficient multispot-diffuse multiple-input-multiple-output approach to broad-band optical wireless communications
Max-Min Fairness for Uplink Rate-Splitting Multiple Access With Finite Blocklength
MIMO Full-Duplex Relaying in the Presence of Co-Channel Interference
Complex gain and fixed-point digital predistorters for CDMA power amplifiers
Latency Optimization for Wireless Federated Learning in Multihop Networks
A Unified All-Earth Navigation Scheme for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles
LPI Radar Waveform Design With Desired Cyclic Spectrum and Pulse Compression Properties
Risk-Driven Multipath Collaborative Transmission Enhancement for Next-Generation Reliable IoV
An Efficient Federated Learning Framework for Training Semantic Communication Systems
Randomized Switched Antenna Array FMCW Radar for Automotive Applications
Hybrid NOMA/OMA Broadcasting-and-Buffer-State-Based Relay Selection
Optimal Energy Efficiency for Relay Selection via Power Allocation in L2 Halo-Orbital Cislunar Communication Network
A Method of BER Estimation for OTFS MP Receiver
On the Equivalence of Two Optimal Power-Allocation Schemes for A-TWRC
Power Minimization for Wireless Power Transfer Systems With Cooperative Zero-Energy Double-RIS
Transmit Diversity and Relay Selection Algorithms for Multirelay Cooperative MIMO Systems
A Study on the Second Order Statistics of Nakagami-Hoyt Mobile Fading Channels
Power Allocation and Group Assignment for Reducing Network Coding Noise in Multi-Unicast Wireless Systems
Coalition Game Based User Association for mmWave Mobile Relay Systems in Rail Traffic Scenarios
UAV-Assisted Wireless Networks: Mobility and Service Oriented Power Allocation and Trajectory Design
On the Performance, Complexity, and Fairness of Suboptimal Resource Allocation for Multiuser MIMO-OFDMA Systems
Statistical Analysis and Modeling of User Micromobility for THz Cellular Communications
Soft-Output-Sparse-Aware (SOSA) Detector for Coded MU-MIMO Systems
Multi-User Computation Offloading in Dynamic Environment for LEO Constellation Networks
Pseudo-Lattice Treatment for Subspace Aligned Interference Signals
Efficient Generation of Spatially and Frequency Correlated Random Values for Cognitive Radio Network Simulators
Subcarrier-Index Modulated Multicarrier Space-Time Shift Keying: Achievable Rate, Performance, and Design Guidelines
Adaptive Channel Coding and Power Control for Practical FSO Communication Systems Under Channel Estimation Error
Delay-Aware Priority Access Classification for Massive Machine-Type Communication
Active Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface-Aided User-Centric Networks
MPFSLP: Masqueraded Probabilistic Flooding for Source-Location Privacy in VANETs
SL-PPCP: Secure and Low-Cost Privacy-Preserving Communication Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks
Fault Diagnosis and Fault-Tolerant Control of an Electric Vehicle Overactuated
Diversity Analysis of Relay Assignment in Cooperative Networks Based on Sum-Rate Criterion
Integrated Model Predictive Control of High-Speed Railway Running Gears With Driven Independently Rotating Wheels
Reduced Complexity Precoding for One-Bit Signaling
SiamTADT: A Task-Aware Drone Tracker for Aerial Autonomous Vehicles
Ergodic Secrecy Capacity Analysis for RIS-Aided Wireless Powered Communication System Under Different Phase Shifting
Multi-Objective Sparsity Maximum Mode De-Composition: A New Method for Rotating Machine Fault Diagnosis on High-Speed Train Axle Box
Multicarrier Spectral Shaping for Non-White Interference Channels: Application to Aeronautical Communications in the L-Band
Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning for Vehicular Resource Allocation: A Comparison Study of Different Agent Cooperation Levels