yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
Autonomous Vision-Based Primary Distribution Systems Porcelain Insulators Inspection Using UAVs
Fine-Grained Face Annotation Using Deep Multi-Task CNN
Evaluation of a 10 nm Particle Number Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS)
A New Denoising Method for Belt Conveyor Roller Fault Signals
Special Issue "Fibre Optic Sensors for Structural and Geotechnical Monitoring"
Design of a Remote, Multi-Range Conductivity Sensor
Modeling, Fabrication and Integration of Wearable Smart Sensors in a Monitoring Platform for Diabetic Patients
Real-Time Energy Efficient Hand Pose Estimation: A Case Study
DVDR-SRGAN: Differential Value Dense Residual Super-Resolution Generative Adversarial Network
Wavelet Analysis for Wind Fields Estimation
Biomarker Metabolites Discriminate between Physiological States of Field, Cave and White-nose Syndrome Diseased Bats
Enhancing Security and Privacy in Healthcare Systems Using a Lightweight RFID Protocol
The Sensor-Based Biomechanical Risk Assessment at the Base of the Need for Revising of Standards for Human Ergonomics
A Privacy-Preserving, Two-Party, Secure Computation Mechanism for Consensus-Based Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading in the Smart Grid
Deep Learning-Based Analysis of Face Images as a Screening Tool for Genetic Syndromes
Transformer Discharge Carbon-Trace Detection Based on Improved MSRCR Image-Enhancement Algorithm and YOLOv8 Model
Evaluation of a Respiration Rate Sensor for Recording Tidal Volume in Calves under Field Conditions
Natural Fibre-Reinforced Polymer Composites (NFRP) Fabricated from Lignocellulosic Fibres for Future Sustainable Architectural Applications, Case Studies: Segmented-Shell Construction, Acoustic Panels, and Furniture
Knowledge-Based Decision Support in Healthcare via Near Field Communication
An Irregular Graph Based Network Code for Low-Latency Content Distribution
Data Fusion of Two Hyperspectral Imaging Systems with Complementary Spectral Sensing Ranges for Blueberry Bruising Detection
A Projector-Based Augmented Reality Navigation System for Computer-Assisted Surgery
Intrusion Detection in Internet of Things Systems: A Review on Design Approaches Leveraging Multi-Access Edge Computing, Machine Learning, and Datasets
Ratiometric Temperature Sensing Using Highly Coupled Seven-Core Fibers
Critical Examination of Distance-Gain-Size (DGS) Diagrams of Ultrasonic NDE with Sound Field Calculations
A Device-Free Indoor Localization Method Using CSI with Wi-Fi Signals
Electrochemical Aptasensors Based on Hybrid Metal-Organic Frameworks
An Efficient Recommendation Filter Model on Smart Home Big Data Analytics for Enhanced Living Environments
Soft Wearable Robots: Development Status and Technical Challenges
Enhanced Autonomous Vehicle Positioning Using a Loosely Coupled INS/GNSS-Based Invariant-EKF Integration
Magnetic Noise Prediction and Evaluation in Tunneling Magnetoresistance Sensors
A Blockchain Protocol for Real-Time Application Migration on the Edge
Coupling of PZT Thin Films with Bimetallic Strip Heat Engines for Thermal Energy Harvesting
A High Performance Piezoelectric Sensor for Dynamic Force Monitoring of Landslide
Investigating Transfer Learning in Noisy Environments: A Study of Predecessor and Successor Features in Spatial Learning Using a T-Maze
Mobile Detection and Alarming Systems for Hazardous Gases and Volatile Chemicals in Laboratories and Industrial Locations
Effect of Commercial Off-The-Shelf MAPS on γ-Ray Ionizing Radiation Response to Different Integration Times and Gains
EEG-Based Emotion Classification Using Stacking Ensemble Approach
Mobile Edge Computing Task Offloading Strategy Based on Parking Cooperation in the Internet of Vehicles
Correlates of Person-Specific Rates of Change in Sensor-Derived Physical Activity Metrics of Daily Living in the Rush Memory and Aging Project
Step Length Measurements Using the Received Signal Strength Indicator
Development of Lectin Modified Fluorescent Magnetic Particles for Highly Sensitive Detection of Glycoconjugates
An Automatic Surface Defect Inspection System for Automobiles Using Machine Vision Methods
Five Years of Designing Wireless Sensor Networks in the Doñana Biological Reserve (Spain): An Applications Approach
Commercial and Custom Quartz Tuning Forks for Quartz Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy: Stability under Humidity Variation
Potential of Dual and Multi Energy XRT and CT Analyses on Iron Formations
Development of Cloud-Based UAV Monitoring and Management System
Classification of EEG Using Adaptive SVM Classifier with CSP and Online Recursive Independent Component Analysis
Test-Retest Reliability of Task Performance for Golf Swings of Medium- to High-Handicap Players
Embedded Fiber Sensors to Monitor Temperature and Strain of Polymeric Parts Fabricated by Additive Manufacturing and Reinforced with NiTi Wires
Lossless Compression of Human Movement IMU Signals
Covert Timing Channel Analysis Either as Cyber Attacks or Confidential Applications
A Novel Reduced Graphene Oxide Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for Potentiometric Determination of Trihexyphenidyl Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical and Biological Matrices
Posture Monitoring and Correction Exercises for Workers in Hostile Environments Utilizing Non-Invasive Sensors: Algorithm Development and Validation
The Spectral X-ray Imaging Data Acquisition (SpeXIDAQ) Framework
Development of a Wide Area 3D Scanning System with a Rotating Line Laser
A Deep-Learning-Driven Light-Weight Phishing Detection Sensor
A Semi-Supervised Approach for Improving Generalization in Non-Intrusive Load Monitoring
Leveraging Edge Computing for Video Data Streaming in UAV-Based Emergency Response Systems
Digital Image Sensor-Based Assessment of the Status of Oat ( Avena sativa L. ) Crops after Frost Damage
Multiparametric Monitoring System of Mt. Melbourne Volcano (Victoria Land, Antarctica)
FBG-Based Temperature Sensors for Liquid Identification and Liquid Level Estimation via Random Forest
Hand Pose Recognition Using Parallel Multi Stream CNN
Smartphone-Based Ecological Momentary Assessment for Collecting Pain and Function Data for Those with Low Back Pain
A Novel Strategy for Improving the Aeromagnetic Compensation Performance of Helicopters
An Open-Source Platform for Human Pose Estimation and Tracking Using a Heterogeneous Multi-Sensor System
Wearable-Based Stair Climb Power Estimation and Activity Classification
Optimizing Sensitivity in a Fluid-Structure Interaction-Based Microfluidic Viscometer: A Multiphysics Simulation Study
Square-Root Unscented Information Filter and Its Application in SINS/DVL Integrated Navigation
Hazardous Object Detection by Using Kinect Sensor in a Handle-Type Electric Wheelchair
Evaluating Link Lifetime Prediction to Support Computational Offloading Decision in VANETs
SNR Prediction with ANN for UAV Applications in IoT Networks Based on Measurements
Observation Model for Indoor Positioning
An Algorithm for Online Stochastic Error Modeling of Inertial Sensors in Urban Cities
Real-Time Fault Classification for Plasma Processes
W-MAC: A Workload-Aware MAC Protocol for Heterogeneous Convergecast in Wireless Sensor Networks
Characterizing Cold Days and Spells and Their Relationship with Cold-Related Mortality in Bangladesh
Computer Vision-Based Microcalcification Detection in Digital Mammograms Using Fully Connected Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network
To Reconstruct or Discard: A Comparison of Additive and Subtractive Charge Sharing Correction Algorithms at High and Low X-ray Fluxes
A Novel Gravity Compensation Method for High Precision Free-INS Based on "Extreme Learning Machine"
Using GPS Collars and Sensors to Investigate the Grazing Behavior and Energy Balance of Goats Browsing in a Mediterranean Forest Rangeland
Algorithms Based on CWT and Classifiers to Control Cardiac Alterations and Stress Using an ECG and a SCR
Novel Method for NTC Thermistor Production by Aerosol Co-Deposition and Combined Sintering
A Methodology for Choosing Time Synchronization Strategies for Wireless IoT Networks
A Weigh-in-Motion Characterization Algorithm for Smart Pavements Based on Conductive Cementitious Materials
An Analysis Method for Capacitive Micromachined Ultrasound Transducer (CMUT) Energy Conversion during Large Signal Operation
Detection of Interfacial Debonding in a Rubber-Steel-Layered Structure Using Active Sensing Enabled by Embedded Piezoceramic Transducers
A Novel Cipher-Based Data Encryption with Galois Field Theory
Stable and Fast-Response Capacitive Humidity Sensors Based on a ZnO Nanopowder/PVP-RGO Multilayer
Broadband Eddy Current Measurement of the Sheet Resistance of GaN Semiconductors
A Synthetic Bandwidth Method for High-Resolution SAR Based on PGA in the Range Dimension
Conditional Artificial Potential Field-Based Autonomous Vehicle Safety Control with Interference of Lane Changing in Mixed Traffic Scenario
Lagrange Programming Neural Network for TOA-Based Localization with Clock Asynchronization and Sensor Location Uncertainties
Modeling Product Manufacturing Reliability with Quality Variations Centered on the Multilayered Coupling Operational Characteristics of Intelligent Manufacturing Systems
Hyperparameter Optimization with Genetic Algorithms and XGBoost: A Step Forward in Smart Grid Fraud Detection
Scale Effect of Land Cover Classification from Multi-Resolution Satellite Remote Sensing Data
The Use of IMMUs in a Water Environment: Instrument Validation and Application of 3D Multi-Body Kinematic Analysis in Medicine and Sport
MS Location Estimation Based on the Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
Special Issue "Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Techniques and Applications"
Health Monitoring and Evaluation of Long-Span Bridges Based on Sensing and Data Analysis: A Survey
A Model to Support Fluid Transitions between Environments for Mobile Augmented Reality Applications
Optical Micro-Wire Flow-Velocity Sensor
CNN-LSTM vs. LSTM-CNN to Predict Power Flow Direction: A Case Study of the High-Voltage Subnet of Northeast Germany
Simulation of the Spectrum Response for the THz Atmosphere Limb Sounder (TALIS)
Discrimination of Temperature and Strain in Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis Using a Multicore Optical Fiber
Sensing Urban Patterns with Antenna Mappings: The Case of Santiago, Chile
Moving Object Detection under a Moving Camera via Background Orientation Reconstruction
Functional Evaluation of a Force Sensor-Controlled Upper-Limb Power-Assisted Exoskeleton with High Backdrivability
Investigation of a Sparse Autoencoder-Based Feature Transfer Learning Framework for Hydrogen Monitoring Using Microfluidic Olfaction Detectors
Comparison Study between RMS and Edge Detection Image Processing Algorithms for a Pulsed Laser UWPI (Ultrasonic Wave Propagation Imaging)-Based NDT Technique
Are We Ready to Build a System for Assisting Blind People in Tactile Exploration of Bas-Reliefs?
A Collocation Method for Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Delay Integro-Differential Equations for Wireless Sensor Network and Internet of Things
A Rapid Method to Regenerate Piezoelectric Microcantilever Sensors (PEMS)
Tracking Multiple Marine Ships via Multiple Sensors with Unknown Backgrounds
Blockchain-Based Smart Home Networks Security Empowered with Fused Machine Learning
Smart Cementitious Sensors with Nano-, Micro-, and Hybrid-Modified Reinforcement: Mechanical and Electrical Properties
I-DWRL: Improved Dual Wireless Radio Localization Using Magnetometer
Strategies for Generating Footsteps of Biped Robots in Narrow Sight
Regularized Denoising Masked Visual Pretraining for Robust Embodied PointGoal Navigation
Sea Surface Temperature Analysis for Fengyun-3C Data Using Oriented Elliptic Correlation Scales
PeTroShare: Blockchain-Managed, Logistics-Aware, Privacy-Friendly, Comparative, and Efficient Petroleum Transportation
Bandwidth-Controllable Third-Order Band Pass Filter Using Substrate-Integrated Full- and Semi-Circular Cavities
Advancements in Microfabricated Gas Sensors and Microanalytical Tools for the Sensitive and Selective Detection of Odors
Development of Low-Contact-Impedance Dry Electrodes for Electroencephalogram Signal Acquisition
Antenna Combining for Interference Limited MIMO Cellular Networks
In Situ Roughness Measurements for the Solar Cell Industry Using an Atomic Force Microscope
Blind Turbo Equalization of Short CPM Bursts for UAV-Aided Internet of Things
Perspectives in Wearable Systems in the Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) Field
Non-Contact Sensor for Long-Term Continuous Vital Signs Monitoring: A Review on Intelligent Phased-Array Doppler Sensor Design
A Visual-Inertial Pressure Fusion-Based Underwater Simultaneous Localization and Mapping System
An Effective Multifactor Authentication Mechanism Based on Combiners of Hash Function over Internet of Things
e-CoVig: A Novel mHealth System for Remote Monitoring of Symptoms in COVID-19
Predicting the Arousal and Valence Values of Emotional States Using Learned, Predesigned, and Deep Visual Features
A Wireless Indoor Environmental Quality Logger Processing the Indoor Global Comfort Index
Road Sign Recognition with Fuzzy Adaptive Pre-Processing Models
Water Color Identification System for Monitoring Aquaculture Farms
Modeling and Analysis of an Energy-Efficient Mobility Management Scheme in IP-Based Wireless Networks
Surface-Integrated Electric Field Sensor for the Detection of High-Voltage Power Lines
Mini Inside-Out Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Sensor Design for Soil Moisture Measurements
Tactile Interaction Sensor with Millimeter Sensing Acuity
Mechanic-Electric-Thermal Directly Coupling Simulation Method of Lamb Wave under Temperature Effect
Feature Papers in Optical Sensors 2022
Time-Lag Aware Latent Variable Model for Prediction of Important Scenes Using Baseball Videos and Tweets
On-Ground Vineyard Reconstruction Using a LiDAR-Based Automated System
Infrared Small Target Detection Using Regional Feature Difference of Patch Image
Novel Methodology to Recover Road Surface Height Maps from Illuminated Scene through Convolutional Neural Networks
Securing IoT-Based RFID Systems: A Robust Authentication Protocol Using Symmetric Cryptography
Three-Dimensional Path Planning Based on Six-Direction Search Scheme
A Stackelberg Security Game for Adversarial Outbreak Detection in the Internet of Things
Reduce Calibration Time in Motor Imagery Using Spatially Regularized Symmetric Positives-Definite Matrices Based Classification
Recent Advances in Enhancement Strategies for Electrochemical ELISA-Based Immunoassays for Cancer Biomarker Detection
Assessment of the Spatial Distribution of Moisture Content in Granular Material Using Electrical Impedance Tomography
Non-Contact Surface Roughness Measurement by Implementation of a Spatial Light Modulator
Optical Sensor for Characterizing the Phase Transition in Salted Solutions
Multi-Target State Extraction for the SMC-PHD Filter
Evaluation of the Vibration Signal during Milling Vertical Thin-Walled Structures from Aerospace Materials
SPS and DPS: Two New Grid-Based Source Location Privacy Protection Schemes in Wireless Sensor Networks
Amplitude Dependence of Resonance Frequency and its Consequences for Scanning Probe Microscopy
Spectrophotometric Online Detection of Drinking Water Disinfectant: A Machine Learning Approach
A Novel Monopulse Angle Estimation Method for Wideband LFM Radars
Exploring the Feasibility of Bidirectional Control of Beta Oscillatory Power in Healthy Controls as a Potential Intervention for Parkinson's Disease Movement Impairment
A Framework for Malicious Traffic Detection in IoT Healthcare Environment
Design and Implementation of Real-Time Vehicular Camera for Driver Assistance and Traffic Congestion Estimation
Theoretical and Experimental Study on Wide Range Optical Fiber Turbine Flow Sensor
New DoS Defense Method Based on Strong Designated Verifier Signatures
Quantile Coarsening Analysis of High-Volume Wearable Activity Data in a Longitudinal Observational Study
A Rapid Localization Method Based on Super Resolution Magnetic Array Information for Unknown Number Magnetic Sources
Relationship between Body Posture Assessed by Dynamic Baropodometry and Dental Occlusion in Patients with and without Dental Pathology
A Microfluidic Approach for Inducing Cell Rotation by Means of Hydrodynamic Forces
An Improved Spectral Subtraction Method for Eliminating Additive Noise in Condition Monitoring System Using Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors
Room-Temperature Ammonia Sensor Based on ZnO Nanorods Deposited on ST-Cut Quartz Surface Acoustic Wave Devices
Q-Meter: Quality Monitoring System for Telecommunication Services Based on Sentiment Analysis Using Deep Learning
Robust Iterative Distributed Minimum Total MSE Algorithm for Secure Communications in the Internet of Things Using Relays
Spectroscopic and Chromatographic Characterization of Wastewater Organic Matter from a Biological Treatment Plant
Distributed Pedestrian Detection Alerts Based on Data Fusion with Accurate Localization
Development of a Six-Degree-of-Freedom Analog 3D Tactile Probe Based on Non-Contact 2D Sensors
A Novel Multi-Task Learning Model with PSAE Network for Simultaneous Estimation of Surface Quality and Tool Wear in Milling of Nickel-Based Superalloy Haynes 230
Observing the Forest Canopy with a New Ultra-Violet Compact Airborne Lidar
Investigation on the Sampling Frequency and Channel Number for Force Myography Based Hand Gesture Recognition
Epileptic Seizures Detection in EEG Signals Using Fusion Handcrafted and Deep Learning Features
Upgraded Kalman Filtering of Cutting Forces in Milling
Farm Vehicle Following Distance Estimation Using Deep Learning and Monocular Camera Images
Improved Diver Communication System by Combining Optical and Electromagnetic Trackers
Chromism-Integrated Sensors and Devices for Visual Indicators
Hydrodynamic Tweezers: Trapping and Transportation in Microscale Using Vortex Induced by Oscillation of a Single Piezoelectric Actuator
Data Enhancement via Low-Rank Matrix Reconstruction in Pulsed Thermography for Carbon-Fibre-Reinforced Polymers
Determination of the NO x Loading of an Automotive Lean NO x Trap by Directly Monitoring the Electrical Properties of the Catalyst Material Itself
Optimization of Operational Parameters of Plant Protection UAV
Prediction of Overall Energy Consumption of Data Centers in Different Locations
An Experimental Urban Case Study with Various Data Sources and a Model for Traffic Estimation
Rapid High-Resolution Mosaic Acquisition for Photoacoustic Remote Sensing
Single-Bit, Self-Powered Digital Counter Using a Wiegand Sensor for Rotary Applications
Distributed Fiber Optic Shape Sensing of Concrete Structures
Development of Washable Silver Printed Textile Electrodes for Long-Term ECG Monitoring
An Electrochemical DNA Microbiosensor Based on Succinimide-Modified Acrylic Microspheres
Dynamic Response of Elastomer-Based Liquid-Filled Variable Focus Lens
In Situ Measurement of the Junction Temperature of Light Emitting Diodes Using a Flexible Micro Temperature Sensor
Security Privacy and Policy for Cryptographic Based Electronic Medical Information System
Improving Odometric Model Performance Based on LSTM Networks
Real-Time Phase-Sensitive OTDR Based on Data Matrix Matching Method
An Effective 3D Shape Descriptor for Object Recognition with RGB-D Sensors
Fabrication of Vertical MEMS Actuator with Hollow Square Electrode for SPR Sensing Applications
Molecular Diode Studies Based on a Highly Sensitive Molecular Measurement Technique
Optimization of an Inductive Displacement Transducer
Development of an Automated Minimum Foot Clearance Measurement System: Proof of Principle
Numerical Simulation of Optical Sensing by the Far Field Pattern Radiated by Periodic Grating Strips Over Silica Buffer on the Silicon Wire Waveguide
Realtime Tracking of Passengers on the London Underground Transport by Matching Smartphone Accelerometer Footprints
Fault-Tolerant Trust-Based Task Scheduling Algorithm Using Harris Hawks Optimization in Cloud Computing
Gamification and Hazard Communication in Virtual Reality: A Qualitative Study
Validation of Walking Speed Estimation from Trunk Mounted Accelerometers for a Range of Walking Speeds
Water Sink Model for Robot Motion Planning
Use of Low-Cost Acquisition Systems with an Embedded Linux Device for Volcanic Monitoring
Ultra-Fast Displaying Spectral Domain Optical Doppler Tomography System Using a Graphics Processing Unit
Monitoring Inattention in Construction Workers Caused by Physical Fatigue Using Electrocardiograph (ECG) and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) Sensors
Combining a Multi-Agent System and Communication Middleware for Smart Home Control: A Universal Control Platform Architecture
Detecting Unknown Attacks in Wireless Sensor Networks That Contain Mobile Nodes
Study on Pyroelectric Harvesters with Various Geometry
Enhancing the Resistive Switching Properties of Transparent HfO2-Based Memristor Devices for Reliable Gasistor Applications
On the Applications of EMG Sensors and Signals
Conductive Photo-Activated Porphyrin-ZnO Nanostructured Gas Sensor Array
Intensity Variation Normalization for Finger Vein Recognition Using Guided Filter Based Singe Scale Retinex
Physiotherapy Exercise Classification with Single-Camera Pose Detection and Machine Learning
Deep-Neural-Network-Based Modelling of Longitudinal-Lateral Dynamics to Predict the Vehicle States for Autonomous Driving
An Area-Efficient and Highly Linear Reconfigurable Continuous-Time Filter for Biomedical Sensor Applications
A SFTD Algorithm for Optimizing the Performance of the Readout Strategy of Residence Time Difference Fluxgate
From Pixels to Precision: A Survey of Monocular Visual Odometry in Digital Twin Applications
A Low Power Consumption Algorithm for Efficient Energy Consumption in ZigBee Motes
Peak Detection Algorithm for Vital Sign Detection Using Doppler Radar Sensors
Intelligent Force-Measurement System Use in Shock Tunnel
Development of Low-Cost IoT System for Monitoring Piezometric Level and Temperature of Groundwater
Trustworthy High-Performance Multiplayer Games with Trust-but-Verify Protocol Sensor Validation
Reversible Oxygen Sensing Based on Multi-Emission Fluorescence Quenching
Experimental Study of Bridge Expansion Joint Damage Based on Natural Frequency
Analysis of Effects of Surface Roughness on Sensing Performance of Surface Plasmon Resonance Detection for Refractive Index Sensing Application
A Multi-Flow Production Line for Sorting of Eggs Using Image Processing
Cascaded-Microrings Biosensors Fabricated on a Polymer Platform
Instantaneous Best Integer Equivariant Position Estimation Using Google Pixel 4 Smartphones for Single- and Dual-Frequency, Multi-GNSS Short-Baseline RTK
A Comprehensive Exploration of Fidelity Quantification in Computer-Generated Images
Dynamic Characterisation of Fibre-Optic Temperature Sensors for Physiological Monitoring
MDS-Net: Multi-Scale Depth Stratification 3D Object Detection from Monocular Images
Mechanism of Electrochemical Delamination of Two-Dimensional Materials from Their Native Substrates by Bubbling
Reconstruction of Cylindrical Surfaces Using Digital Image Correlation
Resolution Enhanced Array ECT Probe for Small Defects Inspection
High-Resolution Crack Localization Approach Based on Diffraction Wave
Application of Edge Computing in Structural Health Monitoring of Simply Supported PCI Girder Bridges
An Application of Analytic Wavelet Transform and Convolutional Neural Network for Radar Intrapulse Modulation Recognition
Data Description Technique-Based Islanding Classification for Single-Phase Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System
Efficient Path Planing for Articulated Vehicles in Cluttered Environments
Nonlinear Propagation and Filamentation on 100 Meter Air Path of Femtosecond Beam Partitioned by Wire Mesh
Indoor Magnetic Signature Based Localization Algorithm without Person-Dependent Parameter Calibration
Feature Subset Selection for Malware Detection in Smart IoT Platforms
Digital Mirror Device Application in Reduction of Wave-front Phase Errors
A Quartz Crystal Microbalance Immunosensor for Stem Cell Selection and Extraction
Detection of Dental Apical Lesions Using CNNs on Periapical Radiograph
Masked Face Emotion Recognition Based on Facial Landmarks and Deep Learning Approaches for Visually Impaired People
Pulsed Optically Pumped Magnetometers: Addressing Dead Time and Bandwidth for the Unshielded Magnetorelaxometry of Magnetic Nanoparticles