yusuke1997/dblp-id-title huggingface dataset:
Fed-Tra: Improving Accuracy of Deep Learning Model on Non-iid in Federated Learning
Hierarchical Eventual Leader Election for Dynamic Systems
Dynamic Resource Tuning for Flexible Core Chip Multiprocessors
Comparative Analysis of OpenACC Compilers
Wasserstein Graph Auto-Encoder
FedQL: Q-Learning Guided Aggregation for Federated Learning
Parallel Training GBRT Based on KMeans Histogram Approximation for Big Data
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 23rd International Conference, ICA3PP 2023, Tianjin, China, October 20-22, 2023, Proceedings, Part II
Transformer-Based Rating-Aware Sequential Recommendation
Accurate Network Flow Measurement with Deterministic Admission Policy
A Simple and Effective Long Duration Contact-Based Utility Metric for Mobile Opportunistic Networking
Generalized Approach to Scalability Analysis of Parallel Applications
Fuzzy-Grey Prediction Based Dynamic Failure Detector for Distributed Systems
Application-Assisted Dynamic Attestation for JVM-Based Cloud
An Improved Algorithm for Alhusaini's Algorithm in Heterogeneous Distributed Systems
Online Multiple Object Tracking Algorithm Based on Heat Map Propagation
Wireless Sensor Network Internal Attacker Identification with Multiple Evidence by Dempster-Shafer Theory
Mining High-Value Patents Leveraging Massive Patent Data
A Greedy Heuristic Based Beacons Selection for Localization
An Approach to Rapid Worker Discovery in Software Crowdsourcing
A Improved PageRank Algorithm Based on Page Link Weight
VERTAF/Multi-Core: A SysML-Based Application Framework for Multi-Core Embedded Software Development
Fault Tolerance in the Biswapped Network
Towards Requester-Provider Bilateral Utility Maximization and Collision Resistance in Blockchain-Based Microgrid Energy Trading
A Hybrid Kernel Pruning Approach for Efficient and Accurate CNNs
Solving Burgers' Equation Using Multithreading and GPU
POWER: A Parallel-Optimization-Based Framework Towards Edge Intelligent Image Recognition and a Case Study
Parallel Pattern Matching with Swaps on a Linear Array
Finestra: Multi-aggregator Swarm Learning for Gradient Leakage Defense
Statistical Analysis of CCM.M-K1 International Comparison Based on Monte Carlo Method
A Privacy Preserving Matchmaking Scheme for Multiple Mobile Social Networks
A Study of Performance Scalability by Parallelizing Loop Iterations on Multi-core SMPs
A GPU Based Fast Community Detection Implementation for Social Network
Optimizing Self-training Sample Selection for Euphemism Detection in Special Scenarios
Most Memory Efficient Distributed Super Points Detection on Core Networks
Efficient Remote Memory Paging for Disaggregated Memory Systems
Workload Type-Aware Scheduling on big.LITTLE Platforms
Scalable Aggregation Service for Satellite Remote Sensing Data
Completely Independent Spanning Trees in the Line Graphs of Torus Networks
A Secure Cross-Account Audit Scheme for Cross-Chain Transactions
A Divide-and-Conquer Strategy and PVM Computation Environment for the Matrix Multiplication
Identifying Repeated Interleavings to Improve the Efficiency of Concurrency Bug Detection
Penguin Search Aware Proactive Application Placement
Minimizing Resource Expenditure While Maximizing Destructiveness for Node Capture Attacks
A Smartphone Location Independent Activity Recognition Method Based on the Angle Feature
Privacy-Enhanced Dynamic Symmetric Searchable Encryption with Efficient Searches Under Sparse Keywords
A Survivability Model for Cluster System
Optimal Linear Programming Solutions for Multiprocessor Scheduling with Communication Delays
Resource Management for GPT-Based Model Deployed on Clouds: Challenges, Solutions, and Future Directions
Learning Knowledge Graph Embeddings by Multi-Attention Mechanism for Link Prediction
A New Data Replication Scheme for PVFS2
PEM4RFID: Privacy Enhancement Model for RFID Systems
HpQC: A New Efficient Quantum Computing Simulator
Deep Reinforcement Learning Based Load Balancing for Heterogeneous Traffic in Datacenter Networks
InterestFence: Countering Interest Flooding Attacks by Using Hash-Based Security Labels
Budget Constrained Resource Allocation for Non-deterministic Workflows on an IaaS Cloud
An Illegal Indirect Access Prevention Method in Transparent Computing System
A Two-Phase Differential Synchronization Algorithm for Remote Files
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 23rd International Conference, ICA3PP 2023, Tianjin, China, October 20-22, 2023, Proceedings, Part V
Multi-level PWB and PWC for Reducing TLB Miss Overheads on GPUs
Efficiency of GPUs for Relational Database Engine Processing
A Dominant Input Stream for LUD Incremental Computing on a Contention Network
Performance Analysis of Interconnection Networks Under Bursty and Batch Arrival Traffic
Reliability-Aware Distributed Computing Scheduling Policy
Maximize Throughput Scheduling and Cost-Fairness Optimization for Multiple DAGs with Deadline Constraint
Digital Currency Investment Strategy Framework Based on Ranking
HCBE: Achieving Fine-Grained Access Control in Cloud-Based PHR Systems
Privacy-Preserving Swarm Learning Based on Homomorphic Encryption
Security Analysis of Poisoning Attacks Against Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning
A Parallel Method for All-Pair SimRank Similarity Computation
Vectorized Algorithms for Quadtree Construction and Descent
Blockchain Consensus Mechanisms and Their Applications in IoT: A Literature Survey
A New Metric for On-Line Scheduling and Placement in Reconfigurable Computing Systems
Accelerating Pattern Matching with CPU-GPU Collaborative Computing
Multiple-Round Aggregation of Abstract Semantics for Secure Heterogeneous Federated Learning
A Parallel Model for Heterogeneous Cluster
Deep Q-Learning for Navigation of Robotic Arm for Tokamak Inspection
Path Optimization Method Under UAV Charging Scheduling Network
An Efficient Cluster-Based Data Sharing Algorithm for Bidirectional Road Scenario in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks
A KPIs-Based Reliability Measuring Method for Service System
Two-Stage Evolutionary Algorithm Using Clustering for Multimodal Multi-objective Optimization with Imbalance Convergence and Diversity
Energy Efficient Priority-Based Task Scheduling for Computation Offloading in Fog Computing
An Effective Correlation-Aware VM Placement Scheme for SLA Violation Reduction in Data Centers
The Role of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Sustainable Urban Development: A Systematic Survey
Resource Utilization Based Dynamic Pricing Approach on Cloud Computing Application
Deduplication and Approximate Analytics for Encrypted IoT Data in Fog-Assisted Cloud Storage
LNBFSM: A Food Safety Management System Using Blockchain and Lightning Network
Efficient Sorting and Join on NVM-Based Hybrid Memory
Clustering and Change Detection in Multiple Streaming Time Series
Demand-Based Scheduling Priorities for Performance Optimisation of Stream Programs on Parallel Platforms
Balanced Multi-process Parallel Algorithm for Chemical Compound Inference with Given Path Frequencies
APs Deployment Optimization for Indoor Fingerprint Positioning with Adaptive Particle Swarm Algorithm
UAV 3D Mobility Model Oriented to Dynamic and Uncertain Environment
Efficient Respiration Rate Estimation Based on MIMO mmWave Radar
FleetChain: A Secure Scalable and Responsive Blockchain Achieving Optimal Sharding
Motion Trajectory Sequence-Based Map Matching Assisted Indoor Autonomous Mobile Robot Positioning
Dealing with Reliable Event-Based Communications by Means of Layered Multicast
Differential Evolution with Proximity-Based Replacement Strategy and Elite Archive Mechanism for Global Optimization
A GPU-Based Simulation of Tsunami Propagation and Inundation
Economy-Oriented Deadline Scheduling Policy for Render System Using IaaS Cloud
A Verifiable Decentralized Data Modification Mechanism Supporting Accountability for Securing Industrial IoT
A Comparative Study at the Logical Level of Centralised and Distributed Recovery in Clusters
MSA 2 : An Efficient Sparsity-Aware Accelerator for Matrix Multiplication with Multi-core Systolic Arrays
Semidistributed Virtual Network Mapping Algorithms Based on Minimum Node Stress Priority
Coding-Based Cooperative Caching in Data Broadcast Environments
Optimal Schedule of Mobile Edge Computing Under Imperfect CSI
An Uncertainty-Aware Auction Mechanism for Federated Learning
An Output-Oriented Approach of Test Data Generation Based on Genetic Algorithm
A Novel 3D Intelligent Cluster Method for Malicious Traffic Fine-Grained Classification
HPSO: Prefetching Based Scheduling to Improve Data Locality for MapReduce Clusters
A Data Reuse Method for Fast Search Motion Estimation
When Software Defined Networks Meet Fault Tolerance: A Survey
Measuring Trust in Big Data
A Distributed Formal Model for the Analysis and Verification of Arbitration Protocols on MPSoCs Architecture
A Protocol for Discovering Content Adaptation Services
Parallel Domain Decomposition Methods for High-Order Finite Element Solutions of the Helmholtz Problem
Ultragloves: Lowcost Finger-Level Interaction System for VR-Applications Based on Ultrasonic Movement Tracking
Log Anomaly Detection Based on Semantic Features and Topic Features
Experimental Evaluation of a Failure Detection Service Based on a Gossip Strategy
ELVMC: A Predictive Energy-Aware Algorithm for Virtual Machine Consolidation in Cloud Computing
A Lazy EDF Interrupt Scheduling Algorithm for Multiprocessor in Parallel Computing Environment
Differentially Private Location Protection with Continuous Time Stamps for VANETs
A General Approach to Predict the Performance Order of TSP Family Problems
Leveraging Behavior Diversity to Detect Spammers in Online Social Networks
Locality of Computation for Stencil Optimization
FIDs Classifier for Artificial Intelligence and Its Application
A Fair Thread-Aware Memory Scheduling Algorithm for Chip Multiprocessor
FRAIM: A Feature Importance-Aware Incentive Mechanism for Vertical Federated Learning
Exploiting the Table of Energy and Power Leverages
Beyond Data Parallelism: Identifying Parallel Tasks in Sequential Programs
Study on Life Cycle Model of Dynamic Composed Web Services
A Lightweight Asynchronous I/O System for Non-volatile Memory
Exploiting Multi-grain Parallelism for Efficient Selective Sweep Detection
An Implementation of Parallel 2-D FFT Using Intel AVX Instructions on Multi-core Processors
A Secure and Fine-Grained Query Results Verification Scheme for Private Search Over Encrypted Cloud Data
Layer-Based Scheduling of Parallel Tasks for Heterogeneous Cluster Platforms
A Fast Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol Based on Time-Sensitive Token for Mobile Edge Computing
A Multi-task Oriented Selection Strategy for Efficient Cooperation of Collocated Mobile Devices
Differential Privacy in Federated Dynamic Gradient Clipping Based on Gradient Norm
CTA: A Critical Task Aware Scheduling Mechanism for Dataflow Architecture
The Thread Migration Mechanism of DSM-PEPE
Traffic Sign Recognition Based on Parameter-Free Detector and Multi-modal Representation
Performance Evaluation of Spark, Ray and MPI: A Case Study on Long Read Alignment Algorithm
A Novel Kernel Clustering Method for SVM Training Sample Reduction
DAFEE: A Scalable Distributed Automatic Feature Engineering Algorithm for Relational Datasets
Porting and Optimizing VASP on the SW26010
Method for Computational Grids Resources Allocate Based on Auction and Utility Analyses
DFECTS: A Deep Fuzzy Ensemble Clusterer for Time Series
ID-Based Anonymous Multi-receiver Key Encapsulation Mechanism with Sender Authentication
Securing RFID Systems from SQLIA
Routing Protocol Based on Mission-Oriented Opportunistic Networks
Performance Evaluation of the Three-Dimensional Finite-Difference Time-Domain(FDTD) Method on Fermi Architecture GPUs
DPG-FairFL: A Dual-Phase GAN-Based Defense Framework Against Image-Based Fairness Data Poisoning Attacks in Federated Learning
Data-Free Encoder Stealing Attack in Self-supervised Learning
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 12th International Conference, ICA3PP 2012, Fukuoka, Japan, September 4-7, 2012, Proceedings, Part I
Task Offloading in Edge-Clouds with Budget Constraint
Location Aware Workflow Migration Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning in Mobile Edge Computing
Quantitatively Investigating Multihop Localization Errors in Regular 2-D Sensor Networks
Improving Speculation Accuracy with Inter-thread Fetching Value Prediction
A Sharable Storage Service for Distributed Computing Systems in Combination of Remote and Local Storage
Cloud Computing Threats and Provider Security Assessment
Indoor Positioning and Prediction in Smart Elderly Care: Model, System and Applications
Verifying CTL with Unfoldings of Petri Nets
Misbehavior Detection in VANET Based on Federated Learning and Blockchain
MAP-SIM: A Performance Model for Shared-Memory Heterogeneous Systems with Mapping Awareness
A Bitstream Relocation Technique to Improve Flexibility of Partial Reconfiguration
Design and Implementation of Network Hard Disk
High Performance Task Scheduling Algorithm for Heterogeneous Computing System
Improving iForest for Hydrological Time Series Anomaly Detection
Improving the Memory Efficiency of In-Memory MapReduce Based HPC Systems
An Energy-Efficient Aggregation and Collection Algorithm for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Network
Risk-Aware Optimization of Distribution-Based Resilient Task Assignment in Edge Computing
RD-PCA: A Traffic Condition Data Imputation Method Based on Robust Distance
Detecting Evil-Twin Attack with the Crowd Sensing of Landmark in Physical Layer
K Asynchronous Federated Learning with Cosine Similarity Based Aggregation on Non-IID Data
Sequenced Quantization RNN Offloading for Dependency Task in Mobile Edge Computing
Scheduling Stochastic Tasks with Precedence Constrain on Cluster Systems with Heterogenous Communication Architecture
A Multi-level Monitoring Framework for Stream-Based Coordination Programs
Designed Slide Mode Controller for Ship Autopilot with Steering Gear Saturation
Persistent Sketch: A Memory-Efficient and Robust Algorithm for Finding Top-k Persistent Flows
A Compact Secret Image Sharing Scheme Based on Flexible Secret Matrix Sharing Scheme
Tunneling-based Multi-path Routing Mechanism in Packet-Switched Non-Geostationary Satellite Networks
A DSCP-Based Method of QoS Class Mapping between WLAN and EPS Network
A Non-blocking Multithreaded Architecture with Support for Speculative Threads
The Applicability and Security Analysis of IPv6 Tunnel Transition Mechanisms
Noncooperative Optimization of Multi-user Request Strategy in Cloud Service Composition Reservation
A MapReduce Reinforced Distributed Sequential Pattern Mining Algorithm
A Streaming Execution Method for Multi-services in Mobile Cloud Computing
A Low Communication Overhead and Load Balanced Parallel ATPG with Improved Static Fault Partition Method
Towards a Secure Communication of Data in IoT Networks: A Technical Research Report
Interference-Aware Program Scheduling for Multicore Processors
CRFs for Digital Signature and NIZK Proof System in Web Services
A Modeling and Verification Method of Modbus TCP/IP Protocol
Towards Efficient Distributed SPARQL Queries on Linked Data
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 14th International Conference, ICA3PP 2014, Dalian, China, August 24-27, 2014. Proceedings, Part II
Examining the Feasibility of Reconfigurable Models for Molecular Dynamics Simulation
Exploring a Distributed Iterative Reconstructor Based on Split Bregman Using PETSc
Character of Graph Analysis Workloads and Recommended Solutions on Future Parallel Systems
Adapting Market-Oriented Scheduling Policies for Cloud Computing
The Research and Implementation of a Distributed Crawler System Based on Apache Flink
Application of Support Vector Machine in the Decision-Making of Maneuvering
Toward a Framework for Cloud Security
Secure Multi-receiver Communications: Models, Proofs, and Implementation
A Software Transactional Memory Service for Grids
SLA-Based Resource Provisioning for Heterogeneous Workloads in a Virtualized Cloud Datacenter
A Constructive Method for Data Reduction and Imbalanced Sampling
A Linguistic-Based Method for Automatically Extracting Spatial Relations from Large Non-Structured Data
Hybridization of One- and Two-Point Bandits Convex Optimization in Non-stationary Environments
PEbfs: Implement High-Performance Breadth-First Search on PEZY-SC3s
GradMFL: Gradient Memory-Based Federated Learning for Hierarchical Knowledge Transferring Over Non-IID Data
SpotMPI: A Framework for Auction-Based HPC Computing Using Amazon Spot Instances
Digital Image Watermarking for Malicious Attack
A DRDoS Detection and Defense Method Based on Deep Forest in the Big Data Environment
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 23rd International Conference, ICA3PP 2023, Tianjin, China, October 20-22, 2023, Proceedings, Part IV
An Escrow-Free Hierarchical Identity-Based Signature Model for Cloud Storage
Exploring Object-Level Parallelism on Chip Multi-processors
EdgeSP: Scalable Multi-device Parallel DNN Inference on Heterogeneous Edge Clusters
A Joint Optimization Scheme in Heterogeneous UAV-Assisted MEC
OTFX: An In-memory Event Tracing Extension to the Open Trace Format 2
Network-Aware Grouping in Distributed Stream Processing Systems
AzureITS: A New Cloud Computing Intelligent Transportation System
Joint Optimization of Request Scheduling and Container Prewarming in Serverless Computing
Towards NoC Protection of HT-Greyhole Attack
Impromptu Rendezvous Based Multi-threaded Algorithm for Shortest Lagrangian Path Problem on Road Networks
Computation Offloading Based on Deep Reinforcement Learning for UAV-MEC Network
Distributed Mining of Constrained Frequent Sets from Uncertain Data
Fault-Tolerant Node-to-Set Disjoint-Path Routing in Hypercubes
PDB: A Reliability-Driven Data Reconstruction Strategy Based on Popular Data Backup for RAID4 SSD Arrays
Running Serverless Function on Resource Fragments in Data Center
iPLAR: Towards Interactive Programming with Parallel Linear Algebra in R
Global Reliability Evaluation for Cloud Storage Systems with Proactive Fault Tolerance
Performance of OpenMP Benchmarks on Multicore Processors
Automatic Assessment Model for Sailing in Narrow Channel
An Encoder-Based Framework for Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning
MulAV: Multilevel and Explainable Detection of Android Malware with Data Fusion
Towards Transferable Adversarial Examples Using Meta Learning
MoSa: A Modeling and Sentiment Analysis System for Mobile Application Big Data
Accurate Acoustic Based Gesture Classification with Zero Start-Up Cost
MRFS: A Distributed Files System with Geo-replicated Metadata
Sparse Representation for Device-Free Human Detection and Localization with COTS RFID
Network-Aware Optimization of MPDATA on Homogeneous Multi-core Clusters with Heterogeneous Network
Unified Virtual Memory Support for Deep CNN Accelerator on SoC FPGA
AutoFlow: Hotspot-Aware, Dynamic Load Balancing for Distributed Stream Processing
HostoSink: A Collaborative Scheduling in Heterogeneous Environment
A Grouping-Based Multi-task Scheduling Strategy with Deadline Constraint on Heterogeneous Edge Computing
Simulation Platform for X-Ray Computed Tomography Based on Low-Power Systems
Android Malware Detection Using Category-Based Permission Vectors
Smart City Environmental Perception from Ambient Cellular Signals
HBL-Sketch: A New Three-Tier Sketch for Accurate Network Measurement
Practical IDS on In-vehicle Network Against Diversified Attack Models
Lightweight Outsourced Privacy-Preserving Heart Failure Prediction Based on GRU
Quality Control of Massive Data for Crowdsourcing in Location-Based Services
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 24th International Conference, ICA3PP 2024, Macau, China, October 29-31, 2024, Proceedings, Part I
Multi-user Service Migration for Mobile Edge Computing Empowered Connected and Autonomous Vehicles
Understanding the SIMD Efficiency of Graph Traversal on GPU
A Portable Infrastructure Supporting Global Scheduling of Embedded Real-Time Applications on Asymmetric MPSoCs
Intelligent Collaborative Control of Multi-source Heterogeneous Data Streams for Low-Power IoT: A Flow Machine Learning Approach
SPACE: Sparsity Propagation Based DCNN Training Accelerator on Edge
Accurate Identification of Internet Video Traffic Using Byte Code Distribution Features
High-Performance Matrix Multiply on a Massively Multithreaded Fiteng1000 Processor
An Efficient Computation Offloading Strategy in Wireless Powered Mobile-Edge Computing Networks
NCPSO: A Solution of the Controller Placement Problem in Software Defined Networks
Who is Being Impersonated? Deepfake Audio Detection and Impersonated Identification via Extraction of Id-Specific Features
Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing - 19th International Conference, ICA3PP 2019, Melbourne, VIC, Australia, December 9-11, 2019, Proceedings, Part I
Online Resource Coalition Reorganization for Efficient Scheduling on the Intercloud
An Efficient Retrieval Method for Astronomical Catalog Time Series Data
Multi-initial-Center Federated Learning with Data Distribution Similarity-Aware Constraint
Effective DDoS Attacks Detection Using Generalized Entropy Metric
A Vulnerability Assessment Method for Network System Based on Cooperative Game Theory
Dynamically Maintaining Duplicate-Insensitive and Time-Decayed Sum Using Time-Decaying Bloom Filter
Finding Synchronization-Free Parallelism Represented with Trees of Dependent Operations
Federated Learning-Based Intrusion Detection on Non-IID Data
A Energy Efficient Scheduling Base on Dynamic Voltage and Frequency Scaling for Multi-core Embedded Real-Time System
COUSTIC: Combinatorial Double Auction for Crowd Sensing Task Assignment in Device-to-Device Clouds
A Novel Blind Watermarking Using Hybrid Embedding Technique
EH-Code: An Extended MDS Code to Improve Single Write Performance of Disk Arrays for Correcting Triple Disk Failures
New Escrow-Free Scheme for Hierarchical Identity-Based Encryption
Extending a Multicore Multithread Simulator to Model Power-Aware Hard Real-Time Systems
SW-TRRM: Parallel Optimization Research of the Random Ray Method Based on Sunway Bluelight II Supercomputer
Cooperation-Based Trust Model and Its Application in Network Security Management
An Improved Remote Data Possession Checking Protocol in Cloud Storage
A Proactive Fault Tolerance Scheme for Large Scale Storage Systems
Outsourced Privacy Preserving SVM with Multiple Keys
A Scheme to Manage Encrypted Data Storage with Deduplication in Cloud
Roda: A Flexible Framework for Real-Time On-demand Data Aggregation
Scalable Distributed Architecture for Media Transcoding
Hierarchical Reinforcement Learning-Based Mobility-Aware Content Caching and Delivery Policy for Vehicle Networks
A Secure and Targeted Mobile Coupon Delivery Scheme Using Blockchain
PowerDis: Fine-Grained Power Monitoring Through Power Disaggregation Model
Strark-H: A Strategy for Spatial Data Storage to Improve Query Efficiency Based on Spark
GPU-Accelerated Algorithm for Fast Computation of Biomolecular Isotopic Envelopes
Real-EVE: Real-Time Edge-Assist Video Enhancement for Joint Denoising and Super-Resolution
Optimization of Ship Scheduling Based on One-Way Fairway
Reputation-Based Trustworthy Supply Chain Management Using Smart Contract
Semantic Access Control for Corporate Mobile Devices
Joint Optimization Scheme of Multi-service Replication and Request Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing
Network-Aware Re-Scheduling: Towards Improving Network Performance of Virtual Machines in a Data Center
Parallel Belief Propagation Optimized by Coloring on GPUs
Why is Your Trojan NOT Responding? A Quantitative Analysis of Failures in Backdoor Attacks of Neural Networks
An Optimization Strategy of Energy Consumption for Data Transmission Based on Optimal Stopping Theory in Mobile Networks
An Efficient Algorithm for the Shortest Path Problem with Forbidden Paths
A Cancelable Multi-Biometric Template Generation Algorithm Based on Bloom Filter
Soft Actor-Critic-Based DAG Tasks Offloading in Multi-access Edge Computing with Inter-user Cooperation
Secure Bisimulation for Interactive Systems
Crop Classification Methods Based on Siamese CBMM-CNN Architectures Using Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Data