We study two distinct, but overlapping, networks that operate at the same time, space, and frequency. The first network consists of n randomly distributed primary users, which form either an ad hoc network, or an infrastructuresupported ad hoc network with l additional base stations. The second network consists of m randomly distributed, ad hoc secondary users or cognitive users. The primary users have priority access to the spectrum and do not need to change their communication protocol in the presence of secondary users. The secondary users, however, need to adjust their protocol based on knowledge about the locations of the primary nodes to bring little loss to the primary network's throughput. By introducing preservation regions around primary receivers and avoidance regions around primary base stations, we propose two modified multihop routing protocols for the cognitive users. Base on percolation theory, we show that when the secondary network is denser than the primary network, both networks can simultaneously achieve the same throughput scaling law as a stand-alone network. Furthermore, the primary network throughput is subject to only a vanishingly fractional loss. Specifically, for the ad hoc and the infrastructure-supported primary models, the primary network achieves sum throughputs of order n 1/2 and max{n 1/2 , l}, respectively. For both primary network models, for any δ > 0, the secondary network can achieve sum throughput of order m 1/2−δ with an arbitrarily small fraction of outage. Thus, almost all secondary source-destination pairs can communicate at a rate of order m −1/2−δ .
In REF , by introducing preservation regions around primary receivers, a modified multihop routing protocol is proposed for the cognitive users.
Cognitive Networks Achieve Throughput Scaling of a Homogeneous Network
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 5103-5115, Aug. 2011
Computer Science Mathematics