Abstract: Micro-phasor measurement unit (µPMU) is under fast development and becoming more and more important for application in future distribution networks. It is unrealistic and unaffordable to place all buses with µPMUs because of the high costs, leading to the necessity of determining optimal placement with minimal numbers of µPMUs in the distribution system. An optimal µPMU placement (OPP) based on the information entropy evaluation and node selection strategy (IENS) using greedy algorithm is presented in this paper. The uncertainties of distributed generations (DGs) and pseudo measurements are taken into consideration, and the two-point estimation method (2PEM) is utilized for solving stochastic state estimation problems. The set of buses selected by improved IENS, which can minimize the uncertainties of network and obtain system observability is considered as the optimal deployment of µPMUs. The proposed method utilizes the measurements of smart meters and pseudo measurements of load powers in the distribution systems to reduce the number of µPMUs and enhance the observability of the network. The results of the simulations prove the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm with the comparison of traditional topological methods for the OPP problem. The improved IENS method can obtain the optimal complete and incomplete µPMU placement in the distribution systems.
In REF , information theory was used to formulate the PMU placement in terms of mutual information, which was then optimized by means of a greedy algorithm in order to reduce the number of PMU units while guaranteeing complete system observability.
Optimal Micro-PMU Placement Using Mutual Information Theory in Distribution Networks
Energies
Engineering