Abstract-We investigate massive multiple-input-multipleoutput (MIMO) uplink systems with 1-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) on each receiver antenna. Receivers that rely on 1-bit ADC do not need energy-consuming interfaces such as automatic gain control (AGC). This decreases both ADC building and operational costs. Our design is based on maximal ratio combining (MRC), zero-forcing (ZF), and least squares (LS) detection, taking into account the effects of the 1-bit ADC on channel estimation. Through numerical results, we show good performance of the system in terms of mutual information and symbol error rate (SER). Furthermore, we provide an analytical approach to calculate the mutual information and SER of the MRC receiver. The analytical approach reduces complexity in the sense that a symbol and channel noise vectors Monte Carlo simulation is avoided. Index Terms-Massive MIMO, large-scale antenna systems, analog-to-digital converter, 1-bit ADC.
Massive MIMO with one-bit ADCs was first introduced in REF where the maximum ratio combination (MRC) and the zero forcing (ZF) detectors were exploited.
Massive MIMO with 1-bit ADC
ArXiv
ArXiv
Mathematics Computer Science