Material recognition for real-world outdoor surfaces has become increasingly important for computer vision to support its operation "in the wild." Computational surface modeling that underlies material recognition has transitioned from reflectance modeling using in-lab controlled radiometric measurements to image-based representations based on internet-mined images of materials captured in the scene. We propose a middle-ground approach that takes advantage of both rich radiometric cues and flexible image capture. We develop a framework for differential angular imaging, where small angular variations in image capture provide an enhanced appearance representation and significant recognition improvement. We build a large-scale material database, Ground Terrain in Outdoor Scenes (GTOS), geared towards real use for autonomous agents. This publicly available database 1 consists of over 30,000 images covering 40 classes of outdoor ground terrain under varying weather and lighting conditions. We develop a novel approach for material recognition called a Differential Angular Imaging Network (DAIN) to fully leverage this large dataset. With this network architecture, we extract characteristics of materials encoded in the angular and spatial gradients of their appearance. Our results show that DAIN achieves recognition performance that surpasses single view or coarsely quantized multiview images. These results demonstrate the effectiveness of differential angular imaging as a means for flexible, in-place material recognition.
The Ground Terrain in Outdoor Scenes (GTOS) dataset has been used with angular differential imaging REF for material recognition based on angular gradients.
Differential Angular Imaging for Material Recognition
2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
Computer Science