Although Tor has state-of-the art anticensorship measures, users in heavily censored environments will not be able to connect to Tor if they cannot configure their connections. We perform the first usability evaluation of Tor Launcher, the graphical user interface (GUI) that Tor Browser uses to configure connections to Tor. Our study shows that 79% (363 of 458) of user attempts to connect to Tor in simulated censored environments failed. We found that users were often frustrated during the process and tried options at random. In this paper, we measure potential usability issues, discuss design constraints unique to Tor, and provide recommendations based on what we learned to help more users connect to Tor while reducing the time they take to do so. Tor Browser incorporated the changes proposed by this study.
Lee et al. REF studied the usability of Tor Launcher, the graphical configuration tool that allows users to configure Tor Browser, and found that 79% of users' connection attempts in a simulated censored environment failed, but that various design improvements could reduce these difficulties.
A Usability Evaluation of Tor Launcher
Proceedings on Privacy Enhancing Technologies
Computer Science