To handle the fast-growing demand for high data rate applications, the capacity of cellular networks should be reinforced. However, the available radio resources in cellular networks are scarce, and their formulation is expensive. The state-of-the art solution to this problem is a new local networking technology known as the device-to-device (D2D) communication. D2D communications have great capability in achieving outstanding performance by reusing the existing uplink cellular channel resources. In D2D communication, two devices in close proximity can communicate directly without traversing data traffic through the evolved-NodeB (eNB). This results in a reduced traffic load to the eNB, reduced end-to-end delay, and improved spectral efficiency and system performance. However, enabling D2D communication in an LTE-Advanced (LTE-A) cellular network causes severe interference to traditional cellular users and D2D pairs. To maintain the quality of service (QoS) of the cellular users and D2D pairs and reduce the interference, we propose a distance-based resource allocation and power control scheme using fractional frequency reuse (FFR) technique. We calculate the system outage probability, total throughput and spectrum efficiency for both cellular users and D2D pairs in terms of their signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Our simulation results show that the proposed scheme reduces interference significantly and improves system performance compared to the random resource allocation (RRA) and resource allocation (RA) without sectorization scheme. Keywords device-to-device communication; fractional frequency reuse; outage probability; throughput; spectral efficiency Device-to-device (D2D) communication underlaying long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) cellular networks is proposed as an up-and-coming technology for next-generation cellular networks (5G). The first standardized exertion related to D2D communication has been proposed in LTE Release 12, in which devices in close proximity to each other can communicate directly bypassing the evolved-nodeB (eNB), thus providing new commercial and public safety proximity services. To date, D2D communication has gained significant attention over traditional cellular communication owing to its ability to fulfil the ever increasing user demand for higher data rate, reduced mobile data traffic, reduced end-to-end delays, higher system spectrum efficiency and lower power consumption. Integrating D2D communications with traditional cellular networks can resolve the problem of available spectrum discovery and avoidance of collision between D2D pairs and cellular users [1] . In a D2D communication underlaying a cellular network, D2D pairs reuse the licensed cellular band to improve system spectrum efficiency, which leads to imminent interference between cellular users and D2D pairs, and also among the D2D pairs. To mitigate the interference
In REF , a resource management method was discussed for an underlay D2D communications in cellular networks using an FFR scheme.
Non-Orthogonal Resource Sharing Optimization for D2D Communication in LTE-A Cellular Networks: A Fractional Frequency Reuse-Based Approach
Electronics
Engineering