Abstract mission and sleep scheduling mechanisms for periodically gathering sensor data at a base station in wireless sensor networks. In our proposed mechanisms, we use a conventional self-organizing communication mechanism based on phase-locking in a pulse-coupled oscillator model to propagate sensor data from the edge of the network to the base station in order of hop counts from the base station. In addition, we propose two mechanisms to avoid collisions among sensor nodes with the same hop count, a randomization-based mechanism and a desynchronizationbased mechanism based on anti-phase synchronization in the pulse-coupled oscillator model. Through simulation experiments, we show that our proposed mechanism significantly improves the data gathering ratio and energy-efficiency in comparison with the conventional mechanism. Index Terms phase-locking, anti-phase synchronization, pulse-coupled oscillator model Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have attracted attention from many researchers and developers, particularly for monitoring applications [2] , [3] . In typical monitoring applications, the WSN consists of a base station (BS) and many battery-powered sensor nodes, each with a generalpurpose processor with limited computational capability, a small amount of memory, and a wireless communication device. Sensor node data are gathered at the BS through wireless multi-hop networks at regular intervals. Highly energy-efficient control mechanisms are required to prolong the lifetime of battery-powered WSNs. In addition, WSN control mechanisms should be distributed and selforganizing, because many sensor nodes are randomly deployed and the network topology dynamically changes due to environmental noise, sensor node failures, and so on. There Fig. 1 . By applying PCO models to WSN controls, simple, distributed and self-organizing mechanisms under random and dynamic environments can be achieved. For example, in Ref. [15], the authors proposed a time division multiple access (TDMA)-based communication mechanism, called DESYNC, implementing anti-phase synchronization. In DESYNC, sensor nodes self-organize the assignment of equal-size time slots, regardless of their initial condition and the number of sensor nodes. However, DESYNC does not consider the hidden node problem, and communication among sensor nodes in multi-hop WSNs can fail due to collisions when two-hop neighbor sensor nodes simultaneously transmit packets to the same sensor node. In Ref. [19], a self-organizing communication mechanism based on phase-locking, called WAVE, was proposed. WAVE can organize two kinds of communication pattern in multi-hop WSNs, namely, diffusion and gathering. In WAVE, a sensor node self-configures its message transmission and sleep timings. For gathering, sensor nodes configure their transmission timing so that sensor nodes with the same hop count from the BS simultaneously wake up, receive messages from downstream sensor -In this paper, we propose self-organizing trans--wireless sensor networks, data gathering,
Energy efficiency is the significant focal point of developing any sensor nodes due to the deficient and non-battery-powered power asset REF .
Self-organizing Transmission Scheduling Considering Collision Avoidance for Data Gathering in Wireless Sensor Networks
JCM
JCM
Computer Science