Motivated by the demand for energy-efficient communication solutions in the next generation cellular network, a mixed receiver architecture for massive multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems is proposed, which differs from previous works in that herein one-bit analog-to-digital converters (ADCs) partially replace the conventionally assumed high-resolution ADCs. The information-theoretic tool of generalized mutual information (GMI) is exploited to analyze the achievable data rates of the proposed system architecture and an array of analytical results of engineering interest are obtained. For deterministic single input multiple output (SIMO) channels, a closed-form expression of the GMI is derived, based on which the linear combiner is optimized. The analysis is then extended to ergodic fading channels, for which both lower and upper bounds of the GMI are obtained. Impacts of dithering and imperfect channel state information (CSI) are also investigated, and it is shown that dithering can remarkably improve the system performance while imperfect CSI only introduces a marginal rate loss. Finally, the analytical framework is applied to the multi-user access scenario, and the corresponding numerical results demonstrate that the mixed system architecture with a relatively small number of high-resolution ADCs is able to achieve a large fraction of the channel capacity without output quantization. Analog-to-digital converter, dithering, generalized mutual information, massive MIMO, mixed architecture, multi-user access.
In order to alleviate aforementioned concerns, a mixed-ADC architecture for massive MIMO systems has been recently proposed in REF , where a small number of high-resolution ADCs are employed, while the other RF chains are composed of one-bit ADCs.
Mixed-ADC Massive MIMO
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Computer Science Mathematics