For linear descriptor systems of the form Ei = Ax + Bu, the different kinds of controllability are analyzed by graph-theoretic means. Starting from known algebraic criteria, digraph conditions for structural r-controllability, structural impulse controllability, and structural complete controllability are derived. A nontrivial electrical example system illustrates the application of the results. 0 1997 Elsevier Science Inc.
In REF , graphbased conditions for structural controllability of descriptor systems were introduced.
Digraph characterization of structural controllability for linear descriptor systems
Linear Algebra and its Applications
Mathematics