the World Health Organization [1] . Evidence from metaanalyses on the impact of exercise on older adults has shown that exercise interventions have various positive effects on functional and physical performance [2] . In particular, exercise programs improve participants' physical fitness by increasing cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle strength, and balance [3] . Moreover, steady exercise enhances both physiological and psychological health [3] , improves older adults' quality of life, and influences the management of depressive symptoms [4] . However, despite the positive benefits of exercise, in the United States in 2012, approximately 54% of older adults between 65-75 years and 68% of adults >75 years did not exercise [5] . The situation is similar in Korea, where approximately 80% of adults ≥65 years of age do not regularly take part in medium-or high-intensity exercise [6] . Illnesses are the biggest barrier to regular exercise in older adults [7] , especially women, who are more susceptible to diseases Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the function, health status, and efficacy effects of a combined exercise program using an iPad among older women in Korea, a tech-savvy country. Methods: The study employed a pretest and posttest experimental design with a control group. The experimental group of subjects comprised 16 female older adults and the control group comprised 10 who were aged 65 years or older. The experimental group participated in a supervised groupbased exercise program and an individualized home-based exercise program that involved the use of an iPad. The combined group and home-based exercise program consisted of group exercise, which took place in a senior center for 30 minutes weekly, and a home-based iPad exercise program, which the subjects followed at least 3 times a week. The collected data were analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS ver. 9.3 TS Level 1M0) program, which utilized a chi-square test, a Fisher exact test, a t-test, and a repeated-measures ANOVA. Results: The results showed that cognitive status changed significantly over time, and there was an interaction between group and time. Further, self-efficacy for exercise and outcome expectations for exercise changed significantly over time. Conclusions: Exercise programs using iPad interventions may be useful for the management of cognitive functioning and the integration of functional physical abilities in older adults. Effects of a Combined Exercise Program Using an iPad for Older Adults
Lee et al REF provided older adults with a tablet which they used for doing home-based exercises 3 times a week during a period of 8 weeks, in conjunction with weekly group-based exercises.
Effects of a Combined Exercise Program Using an iPad for Older Adults
Healthcare Informatics Research
Healthcare Informatics Research
Medicine