Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication may provide high spectral efficiency through the deployment of a very large number of antenna elements at the base stations. The gains from massive MIMO communication come from the use of multi-user MIMO on the uplink and downlink, but with a large excess of antennas at the base station compared to the number of served users. Initial work on massive MIMO did not fully address several practical issues associated with its deployment. This paper considers the impact of channel aging on the performance of massive MIMO systems. The effects of channel variation are characterized as a function of different system parameters assuming a simple model for the channel time variations at the transmitter. Channel prediction is proposed to overcome channel aging effects. The analytical results on aging show how capacity is lost due to time variation in the channel. Numerical results in a multicell network show that massive MIMO works even with some channel variation and that channel prediction could partially overcome channel aging effects. Index Terms: Channel aging, channel prediction, large-scale antenna systems, massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO), outdated channel state information (CSI).
In REF , the asymptotic analysis on the impact of channel aging on both the uplink and the downlink achievable rates was provided, and a finite-impulse-response Wiener predictor was proposed to overcome channel aging effects.
Effects of channel aging in massive MIMO systems
Journal of Communications and Networks
Journal of Communications and Networks
Mathematics Computer Science