披耶阿努曼拉查東

披耶阿努曼拉查東（พระยาอนุมานราชธน，Phraya Anuman Ratchathon；1888年12月14日－1969年7月12日），泰國學者，語言學家、人類學家、民族學家，是泰國文化研究界的名人。為華裔，本名李光榮，泰語名榮·沙天哥色（ยง เสฐียรโกเศศ）。其代表作是多卷本《泰國的傳統文化與民俗》。

## 生平

李光榮自幼家貧，他自學成才，對暹羅傳統的民俗、口述傳說、社會規範、價值觀念展開調查研究。他翻譯西方文學作品，譯作有福爾摩斯偵探記、卡爾·阿道夫·蓋勒魯普的《卡瑪尼特朝聖記》等。

其研究得到暹羅社會認可，成為暹羅的文化名人。1924年獲封爵，爵名為披耶阿努曼拉查東，進入政府機關就職，曾任藝術廳長。晚年出任暹羅協會主席。

## 後世紀念

1988年，李光榮誕辰100周年時，聯合國教科文組織舉辦了相關紀念活動。

今日泰國有以李光榮筆名沙天哥色和其摯友拉卡巴滴命名的基金會和圖書館。

## 作品

披耶阿努曼拉查東是首位對暹羅民俗展開嚴肅研究的暹羅學者，其研究涵蓋泰國語言學、史學、文學、民俗學、社會學等諸領域，為後世的本國文化研究奠定重要基礎。以下列舉其著作的譯本：

- Essays on Thai Folklore, Editions Duang Kamol,
- Popular Buddhism in Siam and other Essays on Thai Studies, Thai Inter-religious Commission on Development and Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation, Bangkok 1986
- Thet Maha Chat, Promotion and Public Relations Sub-Division, Fine Arts Department, Bangkok 1990
- Life and Ritual in Old Siam: Three Studies of Thai Life and Customs, New Haven, HRAF Press, 1961
- Five papers on Thai custom, Southeast Asia Program, Dept. of Far Eastern Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 1958
- Some traditions of the Thai and other translations of Phya Anuman Rajadhon's articles on Thai customs, Thai Inter-Religious Commission for Development & Sathirakoses-Nagapradipa Foundation, Suksit Siam, Bangkok 1987
- The Nature and Development of the Thai language, Thai Culture, New series; no. 10, Thailand; Fine Arts Dept., Bangkok 1961
- Thai Literature in Relation to the Diffusion of Her Cultures, Thailand Culture New Series; no. 9, Thailand; Fine Arts Dept., Bangkok 1969
- Thai Language, National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1954
- Chao Thi and some traditions of Thai, National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1956
- "Phra Cedi", Journal of the Siam Society, Bangkok, 1952
- Thai Literature and Swasdi Raksa, Thailand Culture Series; no. 3, National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1956
- Introducing Cultural Thailand in Outline, Thailand Culture Series; no. 1, Thailand; Fine Arts Dept., Bangkok 2006,
- "The Story of Thai Marriage Custom", Thailand Culture Series, no. 13, National Culture Institute, Bangkok, 1954.
- Loy Krathong and Songkran Festivals, The National Culture Institute, Bangkok 1953

### 學術著作

暹羅協會期刊（Journal of the Siam Society，JSS）

- JSS Vol. 38.2c (1951). "The Loi Krathong"
- JSS Vol.40.1d (1952) "Phra Cedi"
- JSS Vol. 40.2f (1952). "The Ceremony of Tham Khwan of a Month Old Child"
- JSS Vol. 41.2c (1954). "The Phi"
- JSS Vol. 42.1d (1954). "The Water Throwing"
- JSS Vol. 42.1e (1954). "Bathing ceremony"
- JSS Vol.42.1f (1954). "Amusements during Songkran festival"
- JSS Vol. 42.2b (1955). "The end of Buddhist Lent"
- JSS Vol. 43.1e (1955). "A Note on Divination By Ahom Deodhais"
- JSS Vol. 43.1f (1955). "Me Posop, the Rice Mother"
- JSS Vol. 45.2e (1957). "The Golden Meru"
- JSS Vol. 48.2c (1960). "Fertility Rites in Thailand"
- JSS Vol. 49.1e (1961). "Some Siamese Superstitions About Trees and Plants"
- JSS Vol. 49.2f (1961). "Thai Traditional Salutation"
- JSS Vol. 50.2d (1962). "The Khwan and its Ceremonies"
- JSS Vol. 52.2d (1964). "Thai Charms and Amulets"
- JSS Vol. 53.1h (1965). "Data on Conditioned Poison"
- JSS Vol. 53.2b (1965). "A Study on Thai Folk Tale"
- JSS Vol. 55.2b (1967). "Notes on the Thread-Square in Thailand"
- JSS Vol. 58.1i (1970). "Obituary Phy Anuman Rajadhon"
- JSS Vol. 76.0v (1988). "Phya Anuman Rajadhon (Obituary by Somchai Anuman Rajadhon)"

## 外部連結

- Public Relations Division, . (n.d.) Phraya Anuman Rajadhon. Bangkok: Silpakorn University.
- Somsi Sukumonlanan. (2006). My Father: Phraya Anuman Rajadhon. Bangkok: Sathiankoset–Nakhaprathip Foundation.
- A collection of works by Phraya Anuman Rajadhon (e-books)
- Phya Anuman Rajadhon – Googlebooks
- A Comparative Study of Family Institution between Professor Phaya Anuman Rajadhon's Literary Works and Contemporary Novels
- PIPL – Anuman Rajadhon
- Department of Literature Faculty of Humanities, Kasetsart University
- Custom of Cutting the Topknot, Thailand
- Thai Ghosts

## 基本資料

- 名字：披耶
- 日語原文：阿努曼拉查東、李光榮
- 出生：榮·沙天哥色
- 出生日期：1888年12月14日
- 出生地：暹羅曼谷
- 逝世日期：1969年7月12日
- 逝世地：暹羅曼谷
- 職業：語言學家、人類學家、民族學家
- 母校：易三倉學院、朱拉隆功大學名譽博士
- 坐標：yes
- 筆名：沙天哥色（เสฐียรโกเศศ）
- 主題：暹羅（泰國）民俗研究
- 代表作：《泰國的傳統文化與民俗》