Transport (字體)

Transport 是首個設計用於英國交通標誌的無襯線體字體。它由和從1957至1963設計，作為交通局Anderson和委員會設計師的工作。

## 歷史

Before its introduction, British road signs used the capitals-only Llewellyn-Smith alphabet that was introduced following the Maybury Report of 1933 and revised in 1955–57. Older signs, known as s, tended to use a variety of 無襯線體 alphabets as supplied by their manufacturers. For the kinds of roads on which either of these alphabets was likely to be seen, legibility was not a pressing issue, but the planning and building of Britain's first 高速公路 in the 1950s was a catalyst for change.

The Ministry of Transport appointed an Advisory Committee on Traffic Signs for Motorways under the chairmanship of Sir Colin Anderson in 1957 and Jock Kinneir and his assistant Margaret Calvert were appointed as 平面設計ers to it. All aspects of signing were investigated and tested, initially on the 普雷斯頓 (蘭開夏郡) bypass (1958, now part of the M6高速公路 (英國)), before their introduction on the (倫敦–約克郡) M1高速公路 (英國) a year later. The committee looked at examples from other European countries as well as the USA but Kinneir and Calvert found them somewhat harsh and unsatisfactory. Instead, they developed a more rounded typeface with distinctive tails to 'a', 't', and 'l', and bar-less 分數, all of which helped legibility.

The department, seeing the successful early results of this work then appointed another committee, under the chairmanship of Sir Walter Worboys and again using Kinneir and Calvert as designers, to look at Traffic Signs for All-Purpose Roads. Work for this also resulted in the introduction of the pictogram signs based on those recommended by the 國際駕駛執照.

## 特徵

Two forms of the typeface exist: Transport Medium and Transport Heavy. Both have the same basic form, but Transport Heavy is , to allow easier readability of black letters on white backgrounds, such as those used on non-primary roads, while Transport Medium is lighter, and is used for white letters on dark backgrounds, such as the green primary-route signs.

The Transport fonts are the only ones allowed on UK road signs (except for motorway signs, where route numbers appear in their own separate typeface known as ).

Only a limited number of symbols are available in Transport, mainly those commonly used in road signs, such as 撇號s, the £ and certain 分數s such as ½ and ⅓. The original Transport fonts contained no 附加符號s, but since the publication of the 2016 includes 重音符s for use on .

## 英國以外的道路交通標誌

Although developed for road signage in the United Kingdom, the typeface has seen use in the British government website and some government letters. It has also been used for road signage in many other countries around the world; in addition to the 王室屬地, 英國海外領土 and some limited residual usage in 大英國協, the typeface is also used in Hong Kong, Iceland, Ireland, Greece (on non-motorway roads), Portugal, and in much of the Middle East, often with adaptations to include diacritics and other letters not used in English.

- Transport was expanded with the Greek alphabet to be used in Greece. In Greece and other such countries where non-拉丁字母 文字 (such as the 波斯字母系統) are used, Transport is often used for Latin 字母轉寫s.
- use 全部大寫 Transport Heavy for English names. Irish names are set in mixed-case Transport Heavy 偽斜體 with modifications to certain letters - a is changed to a Ɑ, i (which was formerly ) has a curve on the bottom, and A, M and N are tall copies of their lowercase forms.
- Denmark uses a modification with added spacing and changes to the J and numerals, known as Dansk Vejtavleskrift.

In Indonesia, electronic 資訊可變標誌 have used Transport since April 2014.

### 在道路交通標誌使用Transport的國家

- 孟加拉
- 希臘 (包含希臘字母)
- 香港
- 冰島
- 印度
- 印尼 (僅在資訊可變標誌上使用)
- 伊朗
- 愛爾蘭
- 義大利 (粗體版本為 Alfabeto Normale，另有字寬壓縮版本，名為 Alfabeto Stretto)
- 科威特
- 馬來西亞
- 馬爾他
- 尼泊爾
- 紐西蘭（僅用於停車場標示）
- 阿曼
- 葡萄牙
- 卡達
- 新加坡（僅用於停車場標示）
- 西班牙 (其粗體版本稱為 Carretera Convencional)
- 阿拉伯聯合大公國

## 設計

The original Transport family, with its two weights, has been digitised by .

### New Transport

It is an updated and expanded version of the original typeface, been developed by Henrik Kubel of A2/SW/HK Limited and Margaret Calvert during 2012.

The original release includes six different weights (Thin, Light, Regular, Medium, Bold, Black) with complementary 偽斜體 stylings. It also has other features including 不齊線數字 and 小型大寫字母. Semibold weight was added between 2 August 2018 and 2 September 2018.

#### GDS Transport

It is a custom version of New Transport designed by New Transport designers, for use in the UK Government Digital Service web site (Gov.uk) in 2012, where it has been selected as the sole font for all text.

### Transport New

An updated though unofficial family based upon Transport was first released by independent foundry K-Type in 2008. The family includes Light, Medium and Heavy weights along with true italics which were added in 2015.

### 其他

Jörg Hemker designed two typefaces that are inspired from the Transport typeface: FF Nort and FF Nort Headline. Both typefaces support Greek and Cyrillic.

## 圖庫

- A Scottish sign using the typeface on the 斯凱島, with place names given in both 蘇格蘭蓋爾語 and English, and distances shown in 英里s.
- Example of the use of the typeface in road signs in Portugal
- Irish road sign using special character forms for A, a, i, and capitals M and N, for Irish text
- Use of Alfabeto Normale, as well as Alfabeto Stretto (top and bottom signs), in Italy
- The typeface is in use on Icelandic road signs. This example shows the locations of villages and farms in a rural area of the country.
- Use of the typeface within the Omani 飛地 of 馬德哈, within the 阿拉伯聯合大公國. The 拉丁語字母 text has been translated from the 阿拉伯語, which is also shown.
- Another example of the typeface in use in the Middle East, this time in Kuwait.
- Use of the Transport font in 喀拉拉邦, India in both 馬拉雅拉姆語 and English
- The Transport font is used in several ex-British colonies, such as this one in 卡蓋拉區, Tanzania
- Latest street direction sign with Transport typeface in 旺角, Hong Kong
- Gantry road sign with Transport typeface used in 馬來西亞
- Use of the typeface in Greece

## 參見

- Motorway (字體) — 用於高速公路的公路編號的字體，同樣由Kinneir & Calvert設計。
- Rail Alphabet — 用於英國鐵路的類似字體，同樣由Kinneir & Calvert設計。
- Johnston — 倫敦地鐵字體，由Edward Johnston設計。
- 聯邦高速公路字體 — 另一款廣泛使用於全球的道路交通標誌字體，由美國聯邦高速公路管理局(FHWA)研發。
- DIN 1451 — 德國道路交通標誌標準字體，部分國家亦有使用。

## 外部連結

- Traffic signs working drawings: TSRGD 2016 schedule 17
- World Transportation Organization The world transportation organization (The Non-Profit Advisory Organization)

### New Transport

- New Transport – sale, history and .pdf specimen
- A2-TYPE page

## 基本資料

- 日語原文：Transport
- 分類：哥特、Mixed、Signage
- 創造日期：1957-1963
- 域：