2026年伊朗戰爭時間軸

雙方空襲地點 * 由美國、以色列攻擊* 由伊朗、真主黨、人民動員攻擊

2026年伊朗戰爭過程始於2026年2月28日美國聯同以色列空襲伊朗首都德黑蘭，殺害伊朗最高領袖阿里·哈梅內伊；此次軍事行動的美方代號為「史詩狂怒」（Operation Epic Fury），而以方代號則為「咆哮之獅」（מִבְצַע שְׁאָגַת הָאֲרִי；Operation Roaring Lion）。外交政策研究所稱此次是第三次波斯灣戰爭。目前仍在進行中。

## 2月27日

- 20:38 UTC – 美國總統唐納·川普下令執行「史詩狂怒」（Operation Epic Fury）。

## 2月28日

### 以美聯合空襲

- 06:35 UTC：CENTCOM 宣佈其「與盟軍部隊」已開始對伊朗發動空襲。美國軍艦發射了戰斧巡弋飛彈，而美國陸軍則使用了 HIMARS 發射器。此外也使用了未公開的遠程戰區外武器。美軍表示，已出動 B-2 匿蹤戰略轟炸機，以及 B-1 槍騎兵戰略轟炸機 和 B-52 同溫層堡壘戰略轟炸機，對伊朗境內加固的彈道飛彈設施進行了打擊。
- ~06:45 UTC – 以色列空軍開始了一波前所未有的斬首式打擊。最高領袖阿里·哈梅內伊與數名高層官員（當時正於其居住區內參加三場會議）以及其部分家庭成員在襲擊中身亡。美國海軍、美國空軍與美國海軍陸戰隊的行動重點主要集中在指揮與控制基礎設施、飛彈、無人機站點以及雷達設施等目標上。
- 國防部長伊斯雷爾·卡茨證實了以色列的襲擊行動。
- 以色列第12頻道援引未具名的以色列消息來源稱，以色列評估認為，有「越來越多的跡象」顯示哈梅內伊可能已在空襲中身亡，或「至少已受傷」。
- 最高領袖阿里·哈梅內伊（1939年4月19日－2026年2月28日）
- 國防部長阿齊茲·納西爾扎德（1964年－2026年2月28日）
- 伊朗伊斯蘭革命衛隊指揮官穆罕默德·帕克普爾（1961年－2026年2月28日）
- 伊朗武裝部隊參謀總長阿卜杜勒-拉希姆·穆薩維（1960年－2026年2月28日）
- 最高國家安全委員會秘書阿里·沙姆哈尼（1955年9月29日－2026年2月28日）
- 伊朗最高領袖軍事辦公室主任 （？－2026年2月28日）
- 法斯通訊社與CNN報導稱，伊朗境內其他多個城市亦發生爆炸，包括庫姆、克爾曼沙阿、伊斯法罕以及卡拉季。在德黑蘭，據報在大學街（University Street）、（Jomhouri）區域以及北部的（Seyed Khandan）區域發生了飛彈襲擊。
- 07:15 UTC:位於伊朗米納卜的沙賈雷·塔耶貝女子小學遭到飛彈襲擊。伊朗媒體報導稱有 180 人死亡。
- 低成本單向攻擊無人機（逆向工程自伊朗的沙赫德-136無人機）首次投入「天蠍座打擊特遣隊」（Task Force Scorpion Strike）進行實戰應用。此次攻擊還動用了約 200 架以色列戰機，創下以色列歷史上最大規模的戰鬥出擊架次。以及首次投入實戰、由 F-15 戰機發射的最新型空射彈道飛彈。
- 據報導，以色列警告居住在軍事工業與基礎設施附近的伊朗平民立即撤離，並聲明：「你們在這些區域的存在將使生命面臨危險。」"Your presence in these areas puts your life at risk."
- 伊拉克人民動員軍發言人表示，在巴格達南部的發生的空襲中，該組織有兩名戰士死亡，另有三人受傷。
- 據伊朗官媒報導，位於拉默爾德的一座體育館在女子訓練期間遭轟炸，造成至少 18 名平民死亡。
- 伊拉克人民動員發言人表示，在巴格達南部的朱爾夫塞赫爾遭到的空襲中，該組織有兩名戰士死亡，另有三人受傷。
- 伊斯蘭革命衛隊報告稱，港口城市布希爾也遭到了襲擊；然而，目前尚不清楚核反應爐是否受到任何損壞。聯合國核監督機構負責人拉斐爾·馬里亞諾·格羅西（Rafael Mariano Grossi）表示，目前尚未發現任何證據表明這些攻擊擊中了核設施。這些攻擊擊中了核設施。

### 伊朗方空襲

- 09:05 UTC：作為對美以空襲的報復，伊朗向以色列及數個波斯灣阿拉伯國家發射了彈道飛彈。
- 09:26 UTC：一枚飛彈擊中了位於巴林的美國海軍第五艦隊服務中心。
- 10:15 UTC：以色列境內證實遭到飛彈襲擊。
- 12:30 UTC：以色列國防軍（IDF）估計，伊朗已發射約 170 枚彈道飛彈。
- 巴林拉響空襲警報，警告伊朗將對境內的美國軍事基地發動攻擊；據阿拉伯媒體報導，在首都麥納麥觀察到爆炸與煙霧。
- 巴林隨後證實，一枚飛彈襲擊了美國第五艦隊的總部。
- 據報，位於科威特國際機場及阿拉伯聯合大公國阿布達比處發生爆炸。科威特遭受了飛彈與無人機襲擊。
- 伊斯蘭革命衛隊（IRGC）表示，伊朗已鎖定中東地區的四座美國基地進行攻擊：位於卡達的烏代德空軍基地；位於科威特的（該基地亦駐紮有義大利士兵）；以及位於阿拉伯聯合大公國的達夫拉空軍基地；還有位於巴林的美國海軍第五艦隊總部。
- 沙烏地阿拉伯證實，位於利雅德及東部省遭到了伊朗的攻擊。沙烏地阿拉伯聲稱已成功攔截針對這些區域的伊朗襲擊，並表示沙烏地王國將「採取一切必要措施」"take all necessary measures"進行自我防衛，「包括對侵略行為做出反擊的選項」"including the option of responding to aggression"。
- 阿拉伯聯合大公國（UAE）表示已成功攔截多枚伊朗飛彈，但有一名亞洲籍人士因墜落在住宅區的攔截彈碎片擊中而死亡。
- 卡達表示已成功攔截至少兩波飛彈攻擊，並聲明目前並未收到任何人員傷亡或財產損失的報告。
- 在伊拉克庫德斯坦地區，伊朗的空中攻擊鎖定了駐有美國軍事與平民人員的基礎設施，包括艾比爾國際機場以及；據當地媒體報導，大多數的飛彈與無人機均遭到攔截。
- 據報，海法與特拉維夫均遭到空襲。
- 特拉維夫的一處住宅區遭到攻擊，造成一名四十多歲的平民女性死亡，另有 27 人受傷。
- 約旦表示，其武裝部隊已擊落兩枚瞄準其領土的伊朗彈道飛彈。並表示已處理了 54 起墜落碎片報告，這些碎片造成了財產損失，但未造成人員傷亡。
- 杜拜的哈利法塔、杜拜碼頭及棕櫚群島附近的住宅區遭到空襲，導致起火燃燒。並造成四人受傷；多哈郊區的一棟住宅大樓也遭到擊中。
- 當地消息來源指出，伊朗使用了，這是伊朗及其代理人（包括哈瑪斯與真主黨）最常使用的武器之一。
- 阿拉伯聯合大公國（UAE）表示已攔截了伊朗飛彈的「新一波」攻勢，並稱「攔截產生的碎片」墜落在阿布達比與杜拜，導致阿拉伯塔受損。
- 科威特國際機場遭受攻擊，造成數名人員受傷，傷勢不明。據報道，巴林當晚一處居民區的塔樓遭到伊朗無人機襲擊。

### 其它發展

- 2 月 28 日美東時間凌晨 2 點 30 分，唐納·川普在真實社交（Truth Social）上發佈了一段八分鐘的影片聲明，稱美國對伊朗進行打擊的目的，實質上是為了進行政權更替。川普表示，伊朗的「威脅性活動」危及了美國及其盟友。他列舉了伊朗人質危機、對哈馬斯與真主黨等代理人的支持，以及伊朗涉嫌研發核武器的行為。他在衝突中斷言：
- 川普呼籲伊斯蘭革命衛隊（IRGC）成員「放下武器並獲得完全的，否則將面臨必然的死亡」。他懇請伊朗民眾發起政權更替：「當我們做完，（你）接管你的政府。歸你所有。這可能是你幾代人以來僅有的機會。」"When we are finished, take over your government. It will be yours to take. This will be probably your only chance for generations."
- 班傑明·納坦雅胡呼籲伊朗人民推翻其政府。
- 美國國防部長皮特·赫格塞斯駁斥了部分美國民主黨人提出的擔憂，並表示：
- 以色列也對伊朗的基礎設施、媒體及手機應用程式發動了協調一致的網路攻擊，並透過這些管道發送訊息，呼籲伊朗人民挺身反抗其政府。熱門的「BadeSaba」祈禱曆應用程式（擁有超過 500 萬次下載）在這次攻擊中遭到入侵。該程式於當天清晨被駭入，並向使用者發送了波斯語的推播通知，敦促軍事人員與公民投誠、放下武器，並加入反對派勢力。通知內容包括「援助已抵達」與「清算時刻已到」等訊息。
- Israel declares a , citing expectation of an Iranian attack. Sirens blared in Israel as the government warned its citizens to remain in protected areas. The Israeli Ministry of Health moved its hospital operations underground.
- According to , Israel warns Iranian civilians residing near military industries and infrastructure to evacuate immediately, stating "Your presence in these areas puts your life at risk."
- Israel called up 20,000 reservists in addition to the 50,000 already on duty.
- American officials confirm that the strikes were coordinated with the US. Trump warns that US lives may be lost.
- Following the missile and drone attacks on Kuwait, its foreign ministry summoned Mohammad Toutounchi, Iran's ambassador in Kuwait.

## 1 March

### U.S.-Israeli attacks in Iran

- Israel executed another wave of strikes against Iranian targets as part of its ongoing campaign, aiming at the centre of Tehran. The US Air Force launched B-2 bombers to strike Iranian ballistic missile facilities. CENTCOM declared that it was instructed to "dismantle the Iranian regime's security apparatus."
- Israel and the United States launched strikes against targets in Tehran, Sanandaj, and military and strategic locations including command centers and missile sites.
- The Israel Defense Forces says that it bombed an F-4 and an F-5 fighter jet preparing to take off from a runway, and the HQ-9B system around Tehran is inactivated.
- The USAF flies B-2 Bombers and to attack hardened ballistic missile facilities with 2,000 pound bombs. USN F/A-18s and USMC F-35s, aided by Tomahawk missiles were also employed along with Lucas drones. CENTCOM declared that it was instructed to "dismantle the Iranian regime's security apparatus."
- The is bombed and destroyed. Explosions are also reported near the Azadi Stadium, Azadi Square, and Milad Tower.
- The reports explosions near hospitals in Tehran, as well as near its Peace Building.
- The IDF declares it had levelled the "General Staff of the Internal Security forces", along with the .
- , an official in the ministry of intelligence, and , the head of the intelligence department of police, are both killed in strikes on Iran.
- Donald Trump tells Fox News that "...48 leaders are gone in one shot". The Wall Street Journal publishes a partial list; it includes high officials still presumed to be alive.
- At least 5 people are killed by strikes on residential areas in the Absardar region.

### Iranian attacks

Iran launches retaliatory missile and drone strikes against Israel, UAE, Qatar, Kuwait, Bahrain, Jordan, and Saudi Arabia.

- Iran claims to have shot down an American MQ-9 Reaper drone.
- Missiles from Iran are fired at Fifth Fleet headquarters in Bahrain.
- Witnesses see smoke from missile intercepts over Dubai and dark plumes rising from the Port of Jebel Ali, United Arab Emirates.
- An explosion occurs near the Erbil Airport following an attack by Iraqi militia drones.
- During drone operations in the Strait of Hormuz, the port of in Oman is reportedly hit by two drones, injuring one expatriate worker.
- Oman's Maritime Security Centre confirms that an oil tanker which was Palau-flagged, named Skylight, had been targeted 5nmi north of the port of Khasab, causing four injuries amongst the Indian-Iranian crew present on the vessel.
- The Marshall Islands-flagged tanker MKD VYOM is damaged after being struck off the coast of Oman, killing one crew member.
- As a result of the conflict and higher risk to ships, 150 freight ships, including many oil tankers, are stalled behind the strait.
- Riyadh is again hit by direct strikes.
- An Iranian missile breaches Israeli defences and hits a synagogue in Beit Shemesh, killing nine people, leaving 11 missing and injuring 51 others.
- An Iranian drone hits the Crowne Plaza Hotel in Manama, Bahrain, causing a fire.
- In Abu Dhabi a drone is intercepted near the Etihad Towers complex, near the Israeli embassy, and upon being intercepted its debris damaged the towers and caused minor injuries to a woman and her child.
- Iranian attacks kill one person and injure 32 in Kuwait.
- The IRGC claims that it struck Abraham Lincoln with four missiles, which is later denied by a US official.
- The French naval base Camp de la Paix in Abu Dhabi is reportedly struck by an Iranian missile or drone.
- Two Iranian drones target a warehouse at Al-Salam Naval Base in Abu Dhabi, causing a fire in two containers storing general materials.
- A Saudi oil refinery is closed after being targeted by Iranian drones. An analyst stated this "marks a significant escalation".
- UK military officials say an RAF Typhoon shot down an Iranian drone bound for Qatari airspace.
- Towards the end of the day, an Iranian ballistic missile hits an area of Jerusalem, causing property damage in the surrounding road, damaging a civilian vehicle and wounding six people.
- Debris from an unidentified missile falls in , Syria, causing some damage and injuries.

### Mediterranean Theater

- UK defence secretary John Healey says that Iran had fired two missiles towards British bases on Cyprus, but adds that he did not believe they were under attack. Defence Minister of Cyprus Vasilis Palmas denies that missiles were launched at Cyprus, and Prime Minister Keir Starmer affirms this.

### Other developments

- Iran's top security official, Ali Larijani, announces a temporary leadership council following the death of Ali Khamenei. He warns "secessionist groups" of severe consequences if they take action.
- Iran's parliament speaker, Mohammad Baqer Qalibaf, threatens Trump and Netanyahu, saying they had crossed a red line and would "pay for it."
- Donald Trump releases a statement on Truth Social saying "Iran just stated that they are going to hit very hard today, harder than they have ever been hit before. They better not do that, however, because if they do, we will hit them with a force that has never been seen before!"
- Crown Prince Salman of Saudi Arabia, with US backing, vows to employ military force against further Iranian incursions, calling Iranian strikes "cowardly" due to Saudi airspace being closed to US and Israeli attackers.
- To avert further Iranian strikes, the E3 (the UK, France, and Germany) resolve to back, if needed, "proportionate military defensive measures" against drones and ballistic missiles, signaling the potential for direct involvement. British Prime Minister Keir Starmer says that US can use British bases for "defensive" strikes on Iran. Starmer discloses that Ukrainian and other specialists would aid Gulf efforts to foil Iranian drone strikes.
- Trump announces that the US had accepted an Iranian proposal to further negotiations. Trump later says the US operations are to be completed within a four-week timetable in an interview with the Daily Mail. However, Ali Larijani subsequently ruled out talks.
- The EU announced the expansion of in response to increased requests for protection from commercial vessels.

### Timestamped events (UTC)

- Approx. 22:00 UTC: a series of loud blasts were recorded in Doha, and continued to be heard hours later.
- Approx. 02:30 UTC: An Amazon Web Services data center within the UAE is "impacted by objects that struck" it, resulting in "sparks and fire". Reuters reported that this resulted in a complete power cut and shutdown of the centre with the involvement of local fire department crews, leading to a temporary connectivity outage of the impacted.
- Approx. 15:30 UTC: Saudi Arabia claims that it had shot down missiles fired at Prince Sultan Airbase and King Khalid International Airport.
- Approx. 00:20 UTC: the Royal Air Force station at Akrotiri, Cyprus, is targeted by a suspected drone strike, setting off air raid sirens across Akrotiri and Dhekelia. Five drones are reportedly intercepted although one managed to hit the airfield, causing minor damage. The British military automated alert system stated that there was an "ongoing security threat", and the Ministry of Defence claimed that "the base has responded" to the attack. This was later confirmed by Cypriot authorities. The drones were launched before the UK allowed the US to use its military bases for operations against Iran.

## 2 March

### U.S.-Israeli attacks in Iran

- The reports 555 killed.
- Khamenei's wife, , reportedly died from her injuries on 2 March.
- Israel launches strikes on targets in Tehran and Sanandaj, as well as hitting military and strategic locations including command centers and missile sites.
- Satellite images taken by on 1 and 2 March were made public, which showed that Iran's Natanz Nuclear Facility in Isfahan, Iran, had sustained damage. Subsequently, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) confirmed that satellite imagery showed that entrance buildings at Natanz were damaged, but no radiological consequence was expected and no additional impact had been detected at the fuel enrichment plant itself.
- The Khatam-al-Anbia and Gandhi hospitals in Tehran are hit by strikes, as reported by Iran and verified by .
- The USAF hits military aircraft and drone launchers, including multiple F-14 Tomcats at airbases across Iran.
- The IDF says that it hit dozens of command sites and other targets at night in Tehran, including ten belonging to the Ministry of Intelligence and one belonging to the Quds Force.
- Later attacks hit the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting headquarters in Evin, Tehran.
- According to Al Arabiya Israeli special forces and Mossad operatives carried out a ground operation inside Iran; no details were included.

### Iranian attacks

Iran launches retaliatory strikes. CNN reports explosions in major cities of the Gulf region. Explosions are reported in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, and Doha.

- Smoke rises from the which is subsequently closed indefinitely.
- Two drones targeted the US near Baghdad International Airport, one of which reportedly struck the base. There were reports of explosions in Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq. A pro-Iran group called the "" stated they were behind these two attacks, and claimed they were in retaliation for Khamenei's assassination.
- An Iranian strike targets port in Bahrain causing a fire.
- Falling debris from an intercepted missile on a "foreign ship" in Salman industrial zone resulted in the death of a worker and serious injuries to two others.
- A refining facility is damaged in Aramco's Ras Tanura in Saudi Arabia, causing a contained fire. It was initially believed to be caused by a drone attack, but Saudi officials stated it was debris from an intercepted Iranian missile, and Iran denied it had targeting the facility.
- According to state run Kuwait News Agency, an oil refinery is hit by shrapnel.
- In Bahrain, the Ministry of Interior states that sirens had sounded across the country.
- UAE officials claim to have downed 148 Iranian drones, nine ballistic missiles, and half a dozen cruise missiles.
- All staff members at the US-Jordanian embassy are evacuated "due to a threat".
- In Cyprus, Paphos International Airport is evacuated upon the detection of a foreign unidentified object in the sky, and at the same time sirens sound once again at Akrotiri base upon the detection of a possible threat. Later on the Cypriot government confirmed that the objects were two drones which were intercepted without causing any damages. Following the incident, Greece announced that they would deploy frigates and F-16s to defend Cyprus from any further strikes by Iran. Later in the day IRGC general Sardar Jabbari comments that there was a US presence on the island of Cyprus and that Iran plans to strike the island "with such intensity that the Americans will be forced to leave".
- Iran carries out attacks targeting energy infrastructure in Qatar. Iranian drones struck Qatar's liquefied natural gas (LNG) facilities, halting production. In addition, missiles and drones were launched at sites in Qatar, including the Al Udeid Air Base and industrial facilities. Qatari forces said they intercepted many of these. US-flagged tanker Stena Imperative was hit by projectiles off Bahrain, causing a fire that was extinguished.
- The IRGC claimed a drone strike on the Honduras-flagged tanker Athe Nova in the Strait of Hormuz.
- 19 people are injured after an Iranian missile hit a neighborhood in Beersheba, Israel.
- The Islamic Resistance in Iraq claims responsibility for over 23 drone strikes on US assets in Erbil.
- The U.S. Central Command announces the death of six U.S. service members killed in action.

### Lebanon Theater

- Projectiles being launched from within Lebanon toward its territory in the early hours of 2 March, setting off sirens across Haifa and the Upper Galilee. The IDF says that it intercepted a rocket from Hezbollah, while others hit open areas. Israeli intel believes the attack was the result of an order from Tehran, and the IDF spokesperson issued an emergency statement stating that the attack is to be considered "an official declaration of war by Hezbollah", vowing to "neutralize" the threat. Hezbollah confirmed its responsibility, saying that it attacked an IDF base in Haifa in response to Khamenei's killing.
- In response to Hezbollah's attacks, the IDF proceeds with a series of strategic bombings on Beirut and the Beqaa Valley. Strikes also hit southern Lebanon. Israel warns Lebanese people who fled from their homes not to return, and multiple people said they do not know how they will access food or water after the sun comes down. The IDF later announced that it struck more than 70 targets in Dahieh and southern Lebanon. The IDF strikes three southern Lebanese towns, including , , and , and later issued an evacuation order in 50 adjacent communities. The IDF says it killed the head of Hezbollah's intelligence headquarters Hussein Makled in the strikes. In the night, it reported the killing of Abu Hamza Rami, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad commander in Lebanon, in Beirut.

### Other developments

- Qatar shoots down two Iranian Su-24 bombers, making it the first nation to shoot down manned Iranian aircraft in the conflict.
- Three US F-15 fighters crash in Kuwait. Iran claims to have shot them down, while later CentCom attributed it to friendly fire by Kuwait.
- Trump has not ruled out boots on the ground in Iran.
- A senior Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps official who is an advisor to the IRGC commander says he would set on fire any ship sailing through the Strait of Hormuz, adding that no oil will leave the area.
- Khamenei's wife is confirmed to have also died of injuries sustained in the strike.

## 3 March

The war dramatically expands; nine countries are now involved.

### U.S.-Israeli attacks in Iran

- According to CENTCOM commander Admiral , the United States "destroyed 17 Iranian ships, including the most operational Iranian submarine that now has a hole in its side."
- Israel continues to pursue strikes and operations in Lebanon and Iran in the early hours of the day.
- Also in the early hours of the day, sirens all over Bahrain started to be activated as the government called for residents to stay safe.
- The raises the number killed to 787.
- Isfahan and Kermanshah and Shiraz and IEI are bombed, along with other cities.
- IRIB Tehran HQ was bombed second day in row and switched to IP internet streaming TV. Old St., the historic imperial and the current seat of the Assembly of Experts is bombed.
- The IDF says that it destroyed a covert nuclear site in Iran.
- The U.S. sinks missile corvette , the lead ship of an Iranian class with the same name.
- Israel says it killed one of the commanders of the IRGC.
- The IDF announced that it had destroyed the Supreme National Security Council (SNSC) headquarters, along with command-and-control infrastructure and the president's office, noting that it targeted "the regime's most central and significant headquarters".
- Golestan Palace, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was hit by debris from an Israeli-US airstrike, causing some damage including to the Brilliant Hall and the . The officially asked UNESCO to evaluate the situation, and UNESCO issued a statement, noting that damaging UNESCO property is against international laws.
- The IDF says that it killed Daoud Alizadeh, the commander of the Quds Force's Lebanon branch, in Tehran.
- US–Israeli airstrikes level the Expediency Discernment Council building in Tehran.
- The IDF says it hit an alleged secret nuclear weapons development facility in Tehran that it identified as Min Zadai, and had destroyed 300 Iranian missile launchers since the war began.
- In southern Iran, Bushehr Airport is targeted in a precision strike that resulted in the total destruction of an Iran Air Airbus A319 (EP-IEP) parked on the tarmac. The Mehr News Agency reported significant structural damage to the airport terminal. The proximity of the strikes to the Bushehr Nuclear Power Plant (approx. 12km away) prompted the Russian agency Rosatom to suspend construction on new units and evacuate non-essential staff due to a loss of communication with Iranian officials.

### Iranian attacks

- Iran continued retaliating with strikes on Israel and the Gulf states.
- Iran launches massive drone strikes against Irbil, Iraq.
- Bahrain reports 74 successfully intercepted missiles and 92 drones since 28 February.
- The Israeli cities of Bnei Brak and Rosh HaAyin saw Iranian strikes causing a total of seven injuries amongst civilians. Hezbollah reported to have struck down an Israeli drone in Nabatieh.
- The UAE detects numerous missiles heading from Iran towards the UAE at around 3:30 a.m. local time (23:30 GMT).
- The is struck by two Iranian drones, causing a fire and prompting its closure.
- Israeli Police report that one person was injured after Iranian shrapnel fell in Tel Aviv.
- Amazon Web Services are targeted across the Gulf states causing significant damages in their facilities located in the UAE and Bahrain.
- There is an attack on Hamad International Airport which is stopped by Qatari forces.
- An Iranian attack on the UAE's causes debris to fall and start a fire.
- It is reported that the CIA headquarters in Riyadh was hit by a drone and later in the night the kingdom downed nine drones as soon as they entered Saudi airspace.
- The US Consulate in , Dubai is struck by multiple drones, resulting in a fire.

### Lebanon Theater

- Israel's Defense Minister authorizes a ground invasion of Lebanon, to seize strategic positions.
- Israel says it detained a dozen Hezbollah members following a rocket strike on Israel.
- World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus states that three paramedics were killed and six injured while working to help affected people in southern Lebanon.
- Hezbollah also launched drones and missiles at a trio of Israeli bases.

### Other developments

- IRGC threatens to target and hit every major city's economy in the region if attacks on it continue.
- President and Member of Provisional Leadership Council Masoud Pezeshkian states on IRIB TV that the country has not come to a halt and that they have transferred presidential power to governors of the provinces.
- Iran bans food exports.
- Russian foreign minister Sergey Lavrov states that Americans have no business attacking Iran.
- The Chinese Minister of Foreign Affairs called for end to the war, claimed that violence solves nothing, and stated that .
- The Iranian Minister of Road and Urban development called for PLA intervention against US military.
- Islamic Consultative Assembly stated they would attack any country who aids America and Israel.
- The Iranian military orders people to uninstall and disable foreign social media apps on their phones due to "Mossad presence". The regime reportedly plans to cut SMS service and internal phone land lines as well.
- The Chinese foreign minister orders Iran to cease attacks on LNG natural gas export terminals of Arab countries immediately.
- GCC Gulf Shield units are deployed to Bahrain according to Tasnim to quell Shia protests.
- State media reports that Ali Khamenei's son and possible heir Mojtaba Khamenei "miraculously survived missile strike" that ended his father's life.
- The Iranian Minister of Foreign Affairs called for "Americans to take America back" that the people of that country deserve government that's better.
- The Iranian Ministry of Intelligence threatens to treat Iranian citizens who do not comply and cooperate with the government as "Israeli soldiers".
- Iran announces that their IRGC troops were setting up checkpoints in cities nationwide.
- State media announced that Iran has stocked one month of wheat flour and essential food products.
- Iran has been 84 hours without internet connectivity.
- Iran International reports that Khamenei's son, Mojtaba Khamenei is elected as the Supreme Leader of Iran.
- U.S. announces intent to escort oil tankers through the Strait of Hormuz.
- Western diplomats and other sources told The Jerusalem Post that Qatar had struck Iran following Iranian attempts to directly strike Doha's airport and Qatar shooting down 2 Iranian Su-24 bombers; Channel 12 also reported Qatari strikes. Qatari Foreign Ministry spokesperson vigorously denied the accusation that Qatar had joined the "campaign targeting Iran".

## 4 March

### U.S.-Israeli attacks in Iran

- US Secretary of State Marco Rubio announces that the US-Israeli attacks in Iran are going to increase in their intensity.
- The joint strike targeted Azadi square in Tehran as well as military facilities, and the metro station. According to CENTCOM, the US military destroyed 19 Iranian ships, 1 submarine, and nearly 2,000 targets. Following Iran's statement about firing on ships passing through the Strait of Hormuz, Trump said the US will provide military escort to commercial, cargo, and tanker ships if needed. The insurance industry expressed scepticism about the short-term feasibility of the measure.
- Israeli strikes hit the Basij headquarters, as well as missile launch pads, defense systems and the supply and logistics directorate affiliated with the regime's ground forces.
- IAF strikes Iranian military complex in eastern Tehran.
- The IDF announced that an F-35I "Adir" shot down a Russian-made Iranian Yak-130 fighter jet over Tehran, marking the first time in history a stealth fighter has shot down a manned fighter jet in combat. It was also the first time the Israeli Air Force shot down an aircraft since 1985.
- A U.S. submarine sinks Iranian warship IRIS Dena off the coast of Galle, Sri Lanka, killing 87 of its crewmen. The Iranian frigate was returning from , which was held in Visakhapatnam, India. 32 of its crewmen were rescued by the Sri Lankan navy.
- After few hours, US secretary of defense Pete Hegseth confirmed that the US Navy had launched an attack on IRIS Dena.
- 13:15 UTC Iranian warship sunk by U.S.-Israeli airstrike in the port of Bandar Abbas. The warship was a Soleimani Class Corvette. It was the second Iranian warship sunk that day.
- The U.S. has launched multiple strikes on PMF forces in Iraq throughout the day
- 16:15 UTC Israel announced it had completed a major large scale airstrikes on a major military outpost housing soldiers from all branches of Iran's security apparatus.

### Iranian attacks

- A drone was downed in the proximity of Baghdad International Airport, whilst another wave of drones and missiles was intercepted in Erbil.
- IRGCN NEDSA Navy stated they blew up 10 commercial vessel & ships who attempted to travel through the Strait of Hormuz, one other vessel hit by bomb near Port Muscat city.
- launch and attack the , Dubai, UAE with ballistic missile. Drones attack Sulaymaniyah, .
- attack Kuwait and Erbil with large amount of drones. An 11-year-old girl was killed in Kuwait after being hit by shrapnel.
- At 11:45 UTC NATO air defences shoot down an Iranian missile over Hatay.
- 13:45 UTC Bahrain was attacked by Iranian missiles.
- The Al Udeid Air Base, which has been described as "the largest American base in the Middle East" is hit with no casualties, reported the Qatari Ministry of Defense.
- Aramco's Ras Tanura oil refining facility in Saudi Arabia is hit by a projectile.
- The pro-Iran militia claim that they struck a "vital US asset" in Jordan, but this has not been confirmed either by an independent news outlet or CENTCOM.

### Lebanon Theater

- 10:00 UTC Syrian forces block the Syrian - Lebanese border, claiming to do so to block Hezbollah from crossing the border and smuggling weapons in and out of Lebanon.
- 11:55 to 12:35 UTC Multiple rockets, missiles, and drones launched towards Israel from Lebanon to the north and Iran from the east.
- 12:35 UTC Israel launches retaliatory airstrikes at Hezbollah targets in southern Lebanon.
- Israeli ground forces move into Lebanon due to continuous Hezbollah attacks aimed at Israeli civilians across the border. This lead to the first land based clashes of the war.
- Hezbollah claimed that it clashed with Israeli forces attempting to advance in , as well as launching rocket barrages at a concentration of troops in Kiryat Shmona.
- Hezbollah claims that it struck an Israeli tank in the town of . Israel later said that two soldiers were injured by anti-tank fire in southern Lebanon.

### Events in the Gulf States

- Qatar declared it will cease energy production.

### Mediterranean Theater

- Greek F-16 fighters downed multiple Iranian near Cyprus. Larnaca International Airport is temporarily closed in response. Reports suggested a closure of Cypriot airspace, but it was later dismissed as false by the Cypriot government.
- A ballistic missile is intercepted by NATO forces in Turkey in Dörtyol, Hatay Province, with a statement following interception stating that Turkey reserved the right to defend its territory and that the ordnance had fallen in its territory. No casualties were reported by the statement. A senior U.S. military official said that it had been shot down by an SM-3 interceptor launched from Oscar Austin. An anonymous Turkish official stated that the missile was directed towards "Greek Cyprus".
- British prime minister Keir Starmer is criticised for the planned timeline of the response, with HMS Dragon due to set sail in a week.
- Non-essential American workers in Cyprus are asked to evacuate the country due to the risks of a possible Iranian incursion in the future. After, the US State Department stated to avoid travelling to Cyprus given the current crisis.
- In an emergency meeting in Rome, Giorgia Meloni and other Italian officials consider sending reinforcement to Cyprus following the deployment by other European nations (Greece, France, Germany and the United Kingdom), specifically considering the deployment of the destroyer as a possibility (with capability up to 350 kilometers).

### Other developments

- 2026 Internet blackout in Iran has surpassed ~+100 hours.
- Iranian regime claimed there is order still there and capital Tehran city is evacuated.
- Minister of Intelligence denied engaging in cease fire and peace talks negotiations according to New York Times.
- British prime minister Keir Starmer stated: the UK is acting to support open trade through the Strait of Hormuz.
- Iraq Shiite Ayatallah Marja Sistani called attacks on Iranian regime violation of international law.
- Tehran: Khamenei family burial/funeral canceled. Switched to Isfahan city.
- Iranian regime denied that deployed conscripted soldiers to Qeshm.
- IRGC telegram channel post name of Mojtaba Khamenei as regime experts Assembly appointed successor supreme leader.
- Islamic Consultative Assembly members and IRGC newsbulletin ordered Iranians to do their "duty to obey" regardless whomever is picked by them for Ali Khamenei succession.
- Khamenei senior supreme leader advisor Mohamed Mokhber denied regime requested negotiations with US.
- Iranian regime denied evacuation order of Marivan Kurdistan. They also denied attack on Mazandaran.
- U.S. Secretary of Defense released a statement stating that the top IRGC leaders have all been killed with their successors either dead or in hiding.
- U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff stated that the US will expand its air control deeper into Iran.
- Governor of Erbil, Iraq: Erbil has been attacked by over 100 drones and missiles. He stated that if Iraq won't take action to defend Erbil they will take action themselves.
- Iraq's national power grid goes down for unknown reasons.
- According to an unnamed official from the Coalition of Political Forces of Iranian Kurdistan, Iraqi-based Kurdish armed groups consisting of thousands of the Kurdistan Free Life Party (PJAK) troops had into Iranian territory, with operations beginning earlier on 2 March. American and Israeli officials reportedly confirmed the events. However, an unnamed PJAK official denied the claims of an ongoing offensive and cross-border troop movements, as did Aziz Ahmed, deputy chief of staff to Kurdistan Region's prime minister .
- Qatar arrests ten individuals for operating as a cell of the IRGC in Qatari territory, collecting data on military infrastructure, with some trained to use drones.

## 5 March

### U.S-Israeli attacks in Iran

- Iran's largest sports complex, the 12,000-seat indoor arena at Tehran's Azadi Stadium, was destroyed by an American-Israeli strike.
- Two Basij student leaders who were alleged to have been involved in the suppression of protests were killed in Israeli airstrikes.

### Iranian retaliation and Hezbollah strikes

- Saudi Arabia reported that in the early hours of the day they had intercepted over three cruise missiles outside the city of Al-Kharj.
- Ali Larijani stated that the armed forces were "fully in control of the situation" and stated they would show "no leniency" to separatists.
- Iran said it targeted Kurdish groups in Iraq and warned separatists amid the expanding conflict. Early on Thursday, Iran launched another round of missiles at Israel, setting off alerts in areas including Tel Aviv. No casualties were immediately reported. According to The Guardian, Iran targeted a US oil tanker in the Persian Gulf. In response, Israel launched a widespread wave of attacks in Tehran.
- Iranian drones entered Azerbaijani airspace. One drone hit the terminal of the and another fell near a school in the village of . This is the first Iranian attack on Azerbaijan in this conflict.
- Suspected debris from an intercepted missile lands in Petah Tikva, causing a fire in the area.
- Azerbaijan says that two drones from Iran struck Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan exclave. One drone struck the terminal building of , while another landed near a school building in the village of , according to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, damaging the airport and injuring two civilians. Azerbaijan summoned their Iranian ambassador, withdrew their diplomats from Iran, and promised a military response. Iran's foreign minister Abbas Araghchi denied that Iran had attacked Azerbaijan, and suggested that it was an Israeli false flag attack. Azer News reported that a Telegram channel affiliated with the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, "Sepah Pasdaran News Channel", claimed responsibility for the attack in Nakhchivan. Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev said that "Iran committed terror acts against Azerbaijan". Turkey likewise condemned the strikes in Azerbaijan.

### Other developments

- UK defence minister John Healey visits Cyprus. No missiles were sent toward the country, but alarms in British bases rang twice, causing widespread panic and self evacuations in the local population.
- Italy, the Netherlands and Spain confirm that they will be sending warships to defend Cyprus, including the frigate. If requested, Ireland stated they would be willing to protect Cyprus and join the European defense coalition that had mobilized around the island.
- Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky states that Ukraine has received an American request for assistance with Iranian . President Trump stated that he will accept Ukrainian assistance.

## 6 March

- According to reports US and Israel executed heavy airstrikes on Tehran, Kermanshah as well as Salmas, Maku and Saqqez in western Iran.
- Late on Friday, drones struck Iraqi airports and oil facilities; in Basra, a compound housing foreign oil-company workers, including Halliburton and KBR facilities, was hit and caught fire.
- President Masoud Pezeshkian issued an apology on state television for waves of Iranian attacks against neighbouring countries, stating that Iran had not attacked "friendly and neighboring countries".

### Iranian and Hezbollah strikes and renewed Gulf offensive

- Iran opens a new and wider campaign on Gulf states with attacks on Saudi Arabia (3 missiles had been intercepted at Prince Sultan Air Base), Kuwait (with drones and missiles), Qatar (where 13 missiles were intercepted), Bahrain (where a hotel and two residential buildings were targeted), and the UAE.
- The compounds and oil refineries structures of the US-based firm Halliburton located in Basra were hit by Iranian strikes late on Friday.

### Timestamped events (UTC)

- ~01:00: The first airliner evacuating British nationals from the Mideast (chartered by the UK government ) arrives, at London Stansted; it had departed Muscat, Oman.
- ~01:00: Four men, one an Iran national and three dual British-Iranian nationals, are arrested in Barnet and Watford, suburbs of London, on suspicion of acting on the behalf of a foreign espionage service. They are suspected of surveilling Jewish individuals and locations. There were also six arrests in Harrow.
- 17:28: Admiral , CENTCOM commander, posts on X "The Iranian terrorist regime has attacked 12 different countries..."(sic)
- 19:16: Iran campaign may take four to six weeks, White House press secretary Karoline Leavitt says.
- 21:31: A military spokesman of the IRGC tells that the Strait of Hormuz will remain open but ships linked to Israel or the US cannot pass the strait and will be targeted.

## 7 March

- UAE president Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan stated the country was in a "state of war" and that they were not an "easy target".

### U.S–Israeli attacks in Iran

- US and Israeli forces executed strikes on many targets in Tehran and Isfahan. The targets of these attacks were infrastructures of the "terror regime" according to sources.
- The Israeli military confirmed that several fuel storage facilities in Tehran were targeted.

### Iranian retaliation

- The IRGC said that it attacked the Malta-flagged oil tanker Prima with a drone after "ignoring repeated warnings from the IRGC Navy regarding the prohibition of traffic and the unsafe nature of the Strait of Hormuz".

## 8 March

- Israeli rescue services said that at least three people were injured by shrapnel belonging to Iranian missiles. The IRGC said that its missiles hit "military targets" in Tel Aviv and Beersheba as well as the in . An Iranian drone strike engulfed a Kuwait City tower belonging to the in flames.
- According to Iran International, Israeli American airstrikes hitting IRGC aerospace headquarters and 50 ammunition storage shelters were targeted. US officials stated the Iran is using heavy populated areas to conduct military operations.