巴拉庫馬蘭

巴拉庫馬蘭（பாலகுமாரன்，1946年7月5日－2018年5月15日）是一位印度泰米爾作家，著有200多部小說、100篇短篇故事，並為23部電影撰寫過台詞劇本。巴拉庫馬蘭同時為、和等泰米爾期刊撰稿。巴拉庫馬蘭作為泰米爾電影的對白作家，他創作的著名作品包括、和。

## 生平

巴拉庫馬蘭於1946年7月5日出生於坦賈武爾縣蒂魯卡圖帕利附近的帕扎馬爾內里村莊，後來與卡瑪拉和桑塔結婚，育有兩名子女——戈里和文卡塔拉曼（又名蘇里亞）。巴拉庫馬蘭是印度神秘主義者約吉·拉姆蘇拉特庫馬爾的弟子。

巴拉庫馬蘭幼年深受母親的啟發。他的母親是一位精通梵文的泰米爾學者，每當他情緒低落時，母親都會用桑格姆文學和其他古代文學的詩句來激勵他。這使他對泰米爾文學產生濃厚的興趣，並對其充滿熱情。儘管由於學習成績（尤其是數學）平庸，他與父親的關係不佳，但在母親的支持下，仍然對文學保持著濃厚的興趣。在衛斯理高中完成學業後，他加入了金奈的TAFE拖拉機公司。但是，出於對文學的渴望，他辭去拖拉機公司的工作，首先開始創作詩歌，並逐漸轉向短篇故事和長篇小說。他曾在凱拉薩姆·巴拉錢德團隊的三部電影中擔任助理導演，還與克里希納斯瓦米·巴加亞拉吉合作拍攝一些電影。後來，他在巴加亞拉吉的監督下執導電影。

2018年5月15日，巴拉庫馬蘭因長期患病，在一家私立醫院中過世，享年71歲。

## 文學風格

Balakumaran's works majorly revolved around woman with great empathy. In his stories, women were not merely gendered cardboard cutouts but fully sentient individuals, with bodies, dreams, desires, yearnings and frustrations. This "legitimisation" of female existence earned him succeeding generations of devoted women readers who resonated with the female characters in his fiction. In an interview, he said that during his initial days in Chennai he spent his life amidst such people. This prompted him to develop a liking for them. Balakumaran had the habit of experiencing characters by himself when writing a book. For instance, In 'Udayar' novel, he had traveled many places where Raja Raja Cholan visited in order to bring closeness towards the novel. Also, he traveled in trucks to longer distance for his 'Irumbu Kuthirai' (Iron horse) novel. In an interview given to The Times of India, he said that after reading Kalki Krishnamurthy's novel Ponniyin Selvan he wondered why it was needed to write a fictional account of the Cholas when there was enough to write about the facts there. "The Raja Raja Chola of Kalki was a different person. He hadn't become the king yet. The Thanjai temple wasn't even in the picture. I went to the Thanjavur district and visited Pallipadai, dedicated to Panchavan Madevi. She was an anukkiyar, a category that is apart from the queens and concubines. She was a friend of Raja Raja Chola I. If you look at the paintings there, each face is unique. Whoever did it, has worked on it with real faces. I did a lot of research for my novel Gangaikonda Chozhan also. But I felt I did that work, visiting those places as a tourist. Udaiyar, a six-part novel, gave me satisfaction as a writer."

## 創作作品

### 小說

- Udayar
- Mercury Pookkal
- Irumbhu Kudhiraigal
- Krishna Arjunan
- Thayumanavan
- Agalya
- Kai Veesamma Kai Veesu
- Endrendrum Anbudan
- Udayar (novel)
- Shenbagathottam
- Pani Vizhum Malar Vanam
- Kadal neelam
- Naan Enna Solli Vittaen
- Kadarpaalam
- Pey Karumbu (on Pattinathaar Swamigal)
- Simmasanam (on Kumara Guruparar Swamigal)
- Thangakkai (on Seshadiri Swamigal of Thiruvannamalai)
- Guru (on Bhagawan Sri Yogi Ram Suratkumar of Thiruvannamalai)
- Nigumbalai
- Kadalora Kuruvigal
- Karaiyora Mudhalaigal
- Payanigal Kavanikkavum
- Thunai
- Meettadha Veenai
- Vetrilai Kodi
- Manja Kaani
- Karnanin Kathai
- Shakthi
- KatruKondal Kutramillai
- En Manathu Thamaraippoo
- Kalyana Murungai
- Peria Puranak Kathaigal
- Kannaadi Koburangal
- Kadigai
- Ramayanam
- Ammavum 10 Katturaigalum
- Manam Uruguthey
- Appam Vadai Thayirsatham
- Ithuthaan Vayathu Kathalikka
- Snegamulla Singam
- Yeno Theriavillai
- kathal Aragam
- Neli Mothiram
- Ean Mathil Tamarai Poo
- Kathalperuman (On Arunagirinathar)
- Vilvamaram
- Marakal
- idharkuth Thane Aasaippattaay Balakumara
- Thalaiyanai Pookkal
- En Kanmani Thamarai (On Abirami Bhattar)
- Thozhan
- Gangai Konda Cholan
- Avani
- Idhu Pothum
- Mahabharatham
- 333 Ammaiyappan Theru
- Kanne Vanna Pasungiliye
- Brindhavanam (On Shri Ragavendra Swamigal)

### 電影

巴拉庫馬蘭對電影的貢獻主要體現在劇本創作和對白寫作方面，精心設計對白的技巧在科萊塢備受矚目，他在和中撰寫的對白，至今仍廣受歡迎且被廣泛使用。巴拉庫馬蘭認為設計電影對白，是一種將他從中下階層提升到中上階層的手段。

巴拉庫馬蘭的一些小說作品的名字，在泰米爾電影中被用作電影標題，例如：、等，這些都是他備受矚目的例子。1988年，他執導克里希納斯瓦米·巴加亞拉吉主演的電影。

巴拉庫馬蘭參與製作的電影包括：

- (1987)
- (1991)
- Shenbagathottam (1991)
- (1993)
- (1994)
- Kizhakku Malai (1995)
- (1995)
- (1995)
- (1996)
- Ullaasam (1997)
- (1998)
- (1998)
- (2000)
- (2000)
- (2001)
- (2001)
- (2003)
- (2004)
- (2004)
- (2004)
- (2006)
- (2006)

## 獲獎

- 文學獎項
- 《Irumbu Kudhiraigal》獲得拉賈安納馬萊·切蒂亞爾爵士信託獎（Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiyar Trust Awards）
- 《Mercury Pookal》獲得文學思想獎（Illakkiya Sindhanai Awards）
- 《Kadarpalam》獲得國家獎（二等獎）（短篇小說集）
- 《Sugajeevanam》獲得國家獎（一級獎）（短篇小說集）
- 電影獎項
- 《Guna》獲得電影快車獎（Cinema Express Award）
- 《Kaadalan》獲得泰米爾納德邦電影獎最佳對話作家
- 其他
- 榮獲「Sindhanai Chemmal」稱號（來自Lions Club Madras）
- 泰米爾納德邦政府頒發卡拉伊馬馬尼獎（Kalaimaamani Award）

## 基本資料

- 原文名：பாலகுமாரன்、Balakumaran
- 出生日期：1946年7月5日
- 出生地：印度泰米爾納德邦坦賈武爾蒂魯卡圖帕利帕扎馬爾內里
- 逝世日期：2018年5月15日
- 逝世地：印度泰米爾納德邦金奈
- 職業：對白作家、小說家
- 國籍：印度
- 配偶：卡瑪拉、尚塔
- 子女：戈里、蘇里亞