銀耳屬

銀耳屬（學名：Tremella），是銀耳科的一屬真菌。最近的一項研究將銀耳屬的物種分為不同的進化分支。只有10種原銀耳屬物種留在銀耳屬中，包括模式種金黃銀耳 (Tremella mesenterica)，分在銀耳分支（Tremella clade）中。在這個進化分支中沒有在其生命周期主要為酵母形式的物種。

## 下屬物種

根據Catalogue of Life，曾經列入銀耳屬的物種有：

Tremella acaciae｜L.S. Olive

Tremella anaptychiae｜J.C. Zamora & Diederich

Tremella arachispora｜P. Roberts

Tremella armeniaca｜Bandoni & J. Carranza

Tremella aspera｜Coker

金色銀耳｜Tremella aurantia｜Schwein.，黃銀耳

黃白銀耳｜Tremella aurantialba｜Bandoni & M. Zang，金耳

Tremella aurantiolutea｜Lowy

南方銀耳｜Tremella australis｜F. Wu et al.

澳洲銀耳｜Tremella australiensis｜Lloyd

Tremella bambusina｜Sacc.

Tremella basidiomaticola｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

Tremella boninensis｜(Kobayasi) S. Ito & S. Imai

波納銀耳｜Tremella boraborensis｜L.S. Olive

巴西銀耳｜Tremella brasiliensis｜(Möller) Lloyd

Tremella bryonectriae｜Döbbeler

Tremella callunicola｜P. Roberts

Tremella caloceraticola｜Hauerslev

Tremella caloplacae｜(Zahlbr.) Diederich

Tremella candelariellae｜Diederich & Etayo

肉白銀耳｜Tremella carneoalba｜Coker

莖生銀耳｜Tremella caulicola｜Kobayasi

Tremella celata｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella cephalodiicola｜Diederich

腦形銀耳｜Tremella cerebriformis｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella cetrariellae｜Millanes, Diederich, M. Westb., Pippola & Wedin

Tremella cetrariicola｜Diederich & Coppins

Tremella cheejenii｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

Tremella christiansenii｜Diederich

硃砂色銀耳｜Tremella cinnabarina

Tremella cladoniae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

棒梗銀耳｜Tremella clavisterigma｜Lowy

合生銀耳｜Tremella coalescens｜L.S. Olive

Tremella coccocarpiae｜Diederich

Tremella coffeicola｜(Berk.) P. Roberts

Tremella colpomaticola｜Hauerslev

Tremella coppinsii｜Diederich & G. Marson

Tremella crystallina｜E.H.L. Krause

Tremella dactylobasidia｜J.C. Zamora

Tremella dendrographae｜Diederich & Tehler

Tremella diaporthicola｜Ginns & M.N.L. Lefebvre

Tremella diederichiana｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella diploschistina｜Millanes, M. Westb., Wedin & Diederich

Tremella dirinariae｜Diederich, Millanes & Wedin

Tremella discicola｜Van de Put

Tremella dumontii｜Lowy

Tremella durissima｜Lowy

痢疾銀耳｜Tremella dysenterica

展生銀耳｜Tremella effusa｜Y.B. Peng

腦狀銀耳｜Tremella encephala｜Willd. 1801

Tremella endosporogena｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella episphaerica｜Rick

磚紅色銀耳｜Tremella erythrina｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

扁枝銀耳｜Tremella everniae｜Diederich

Tremella exigua｜Desm.

大鎖銀耳｜Tremella fibulifera｜Möller

火紅銀耳｜Tremella flammea｜Kobayasi，火紅色銀耳

金黃銀耳｜Tremella flava｜Chee J. Chen，黃色銀耳

茶色銀耳｜Tremella foliacea｜Pers. (異名：Tremella fimbriata Pers.)

葉狀銀耳｜Tremella frondosa｜Fr.，葉銀耳

銀耳｜Tremella fuciformis｜Berk. 1856

琥珀銀耳｜Tremella fuscosuccinea｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella giraffa｜Chee J. Chen

球孢銀耳｜Tremella globispora｜D.A. Reid

廣西銀耳｜Tremella guangxiensis｜F. Wu et al.

Tremella grandibasidia｜L.S. Olive

Tremella graphidastrae｜Diederich

Tremella graphidis｜Diederich, Millanes, Wedin & Common

Tremella griseola｜Malysheva

Tremella guangxiensis

Tremella guttiformis｜(Berk. & Broome) Bandoni

Tremella haematommatis｜Diederich

海南銀耳｜Tremella hainanensis｜Y.B. Peng

Tremella harrisii｜Diederich

Tremella hemifoliacea｜Lloyd

Tremella huuskonenii｜Diederich, Myllys, Goward & H. Lindgr.

Tremella hymenophaga｜M. Dueñas

Tremella hypocenomycis｜Diederich

Tremella hypogymniae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

角狀銀耳｜Tremella iduensis｜Kobayasi

Tremella incrustans｜Kobayasi

Tremella indecorata｜Sommerf.

硬銀耳｜Tremella indurata

Tremella invasa｜(Hauerslev) Hauerslev

Tremella japonica｜(Lloyd) Lloyd

Tremella karstenii｜Hauerslev

金耳｜Tremella laciniata｜Bull.，條裂銀耳

寬孢銀耳｜Tremella latispora｜F. Wu et al.

Tremella laurisilvae｜Kout

Tremella leptogii｜Diederich

Tremella lethariae｜Diederich

Tremella lichenicola｜Diederich

Tremella lilacea Bandoni｜& J. Carranza

Tremella lloydiae-candidae｜Wojewoda

Tremella lobariacearum｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

長擔銀耳｜Tremella longibasidia｜Y.B. Peng

Tremella macrobasidiata｜J.C. Zamora, Pérez-Ort. & V.J. Rico

Tremella macroceratis Diederich｜& Hafellner

莽山銀耳｜Tremella mangensis｜Y.B. Peng

Tremella mayorgae｜Lowy

Tremella mayrhoferi｜J.C. Zamora, Millanes, Etayo & Wedin

勐侖銀耳｜Tremella menglunensis｜Y.B. Peng

金耳｜Tremella mesenterella｜Bandoni & Ginns，腸膜狀銀耳

金黃銀耳｜Tremella mesenterica｜Retz. (異名：Tremella lutescens Pers.)，黃金銀耳

小孢銀耳｜Tremella microcarpa｜Diederich

Tremella monospora｜Diederich

Tremella montis-wilhelmii｜Diederich

椹形銀耳｜Tremella moriformis｜Berk. 1812

Tremella nashii｜Diederich

Tremella neofibulifera｜Kobayasi

Tremella nephromatis｜Diederich

Tremella nieblae｜Diederich & van den Boom

Tremella nigrifacta｜Bandoni & J. Carranza

刺銀耳｜Tremella nipponica

Tremella normandinae｜Diederich

Tremella obscura｜(L.S. Olive) M.P. Christ.

隱叉銀耳｜Tremella occultifuroidea｜Chee J. Chen & Oberw.

Tremella pallida｜Overh.

Tremella papuana｜Diederich

Tremella parmeliarum｜Diederich

Tremella parmeliellae｜Diederich & Sérus.

Tremella penetrans｜(Hauerslev) Jülich

Tremella pertusariae｜Diederich

Tremella phaeographidis｜Diederich, Coppins & Bandoni

Tremella phaeographinae｜Diederich & Aptroot

Tremella phaeophysciae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

Tremella protoparmeliae｜Diederich & Coppins

Tremella psoroglaenae｜Diederich

Tremella psoromicola｜Diederich

墊狀銀耳｜Tremella pulvinalis｜Kobayasi

Tremella pyrenophila｜Traverso & Migliardi

Tremella pyrenulae｜Diederich, Millanes, Wedin & Common

Tremella ramalinae｜Diederich

珊瑚狀銀耳｜Tremella ramarioides｜M. Zang

扁平銀耳｜Tremella resupinata｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella rhizocarpicola｜Diederich, Millanes & Wedin

Tremella rhytidhysterii｜J.L. Bezerra & Kimbr.

Tremella rinodinae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

Tremella riobrancensis｜Lowy

Tremella roseolutescens｜Bandoni & J. Carranza

薔薇色銀耳｜Tremella roseotincta｜Lloyd，玫色銀耳

Tremella rubromaculata｜Lowy

棕紅銀耳｜Tremella rufobrunnea｜L.S. Olive

Tremella sakanensis｜Henn.

Tremella salmonea｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

橙銀耳｜Tremella samoensis｜Lloyd，薩摩亞銀耳

血紅銀耳｜Tremella sanguinea｜Y.B. Peng，血耳，血銀耳

Tremella santessonii｜Diederich

Tremella sarniensis｜P. Roberts

Tremella silvae-dravedae｜Hauerslev

Tremella spicata｜Bourdot & Galzin

Tremella spicifera｜Van Ryck., Van de Put & P. Roberts

Tremella steidleri｜(Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin

Tremella stevensiana｜Diederich

Tremella stictae｜Diederich

Tremella subalpina｜Malysheva

Tremella subanomala｜Coker

Tremella subencephala｜Bandoni & Ginns

Tremella subfibulifera｜Alvarenga, F.Wu, L.F.Fan & Y.C.Dai, 2021

Tremella subrubiginosa｜Lowy

溝紋銀耳｜Tremella sulcariae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

台灣銀耳｜Tremella taiwanensis｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella tawa｜McNabb

Tremella telleriae｜M. Dueñas

熱帶銀耳｜Tremella tropica｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella tuckerae｜Diederich

Tremella umbilicariae｜Diederich & Millanes

Tremella variae｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella vasifera｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella verrucosa｜L.

Tremella versicolor｜Berk. & Broome

Tremella vescicaria｜Speg.

Tremella vesiculosa｜McNabb

Tremella vinosa｜Massee

Tremella vinosotincta｜Rick

Tremella volcanaqua｜Lowy

金水木耳｜Tremella wirthii｜Diederich，賴特銀耳

Tremella yokohamensis｜(Alshahni, Satoh & Makimura) Yurkov

## 基本資料

- 學名：Tremella
- 命名者：Pers.
- 說明：金黃銀耳的凝膠狀子實體
- 模式種：金黃銀耳、Tremella mesenterica
- type species authority：(Schaeff.) Retz.
- 異名：Hormomyces Bonord. (anamorph)、Encephalium Link、Epidochium Fr.、Gyraria Nees、Naematelia Fr.、Nakaiomyces Kobayasi、Phaeotremella Rea