鹿松露屬

鹿松露屬（學名：Elaphomyces）也稱大團囊菌屬，是子囊菌門散囊菌綱散囊菌目鹿松露科的一個屬。多數物種為外生菌根的共生真菌，與共生植物形成外生菌根。鹿松露與松露是不同的，鹿松露屬於子囊菌門下的散囊菌綱，其子囊果在地下平均5cm深度，屬於地下真菌（hypogeous fungus），常年生長。松露則屬於盤菌綱，雖然營養菌絲在地下，但其子囊果在地面之上，因此只能季節性生長。目前發現約50個鹿松露物種。

在溫帶和亞北極森林生態系統中，鹿松露屬是最重要的外生菌根真菌屬之一。它們是環境中砷污染修復植物，某些鹿松露的砷積累效能達到12–660 mg / kg（以乾重計），而且有機砷的組成很不尋常，主要為甲基砷酸和三甲基砷氧化物。

鹿松露不能為人類食用，但是野豬或其它小哺乳動物的最愛。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

- Elaphomyces aculeatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces adamizans Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- Elaphomyces americanus Castellano
- Elaphomyces anthracinus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces appalachiensis Linder
- Elaphomyces asahimontanus Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces asperulus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces atropurpureus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces aurantius Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces austrogranulatus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces barrioi A.Paz, Lavoise & Molia
- Elaphomyces bartlettii Castellano & R.B.Stephens
- Elaphomyces bollardii Beever, Castellano & Trappe
- Elaphomyces borealis Jeppson & E.Larss., 2021
- Elaphomyces bucholtzii Saitta, A.Paz, E.Otsing & Tedersoo
- Elaphomyces carbonaceus Corner & Hawker
- Elaphomyces chlorocarpus Castellano, Trappe & T.Lebel
- Elaphomyces cibulae Castellano, Trappe & D.Mitchell
- Elaphomyces citrinopapillatus A.Molia, A.Paz & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces citrinus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces compleximurus Castellano, T.W.Henkel & S.L.Mill.
- Elaphomyces cooloolanus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces coralloideus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces cyanosporus Tul. & C.Tul.
- Elaphomyces darjeelingensis K.S.Thind & B.M.Sharma
- Elaphomyces decipiens Vittad.
- Elaphomyces digitatus Castellano, T.W.Henkel & S.L.Mill.
- Elaphomyces favosus Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- Elaphomyces fici Tilak & Rokde
- Elaphomyces foetidus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces fragilisporus S.Imai
- 粒狀大團囊菌 Elaphomyces granulatus Fr., 1829
- Elaphomyces guangdongensis B.C.Zhang
- Elaphomyces iuppitercellus Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- 日本大團囊菌 Elaphomyces japonicus Lloyd
- Elaphomyces labyrinthinus Castellano & T.W.Henkel
- Elaphomyces laetiluteus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces leonis Juste, Faust.García, J.M.Vidal & A.Paz
- Elaphomyces leucocarpus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces leucosporus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces leveillei Tul. & C.Tul.
- Elaphomyces loebiae Castellano & T.F.Elliott
- Elaphomyces luteicrustus Beever, Castellano & Trappe
- Elaphomyces macrosporus Castellano & T.F.Elliott
- Elaphomyces maculatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces mitchelliae Castellano & T.F.Elliott
- Elaphomyces miyabeanus S.Imai
- Elaphomyces morettii Vittad.
- Elaphomyces muricatus Fr.
- Elaphomyces mutabilis Vittad.
- Elaphomyces nemoreus Jeppson, A.Molia & E.Larsson
- Elaphomyces neoasperulus Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces nikkoensis S.Imai
- Elaphomyces nopporensis S.Imai
- Elaphomyces nothofagi Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces officinalis Nees
- Elaphomyces oreoides Castellano
- Elaphomyces papillatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces pedicellaris Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces persoonii Vittad.
- Elaphomyces porcatosporus B.C.Zhang
- Elaphomyces pusillus A.Molia & S.Sivertsen
- Elaphomyces putridus Beever, Castellano & Trappe
- Elaphomyces queenslandicus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces quercicola Ławryn., A.Paz & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces remickii Castellano & R.B.Stephens
- Elaphomyces reticulosporus B.C.Zhang
- Elaphomyces roseolus Setkos, Kaounas, A.Paz, Lavoise & Fern.Rodr.
- Elaphomyces roseoviolaceus A.Molia & E.Larsson
- Elaphomyces rugosisporus Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces septatus Vittad.
- Elaphomyces shimizuensis Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces singaporensis Corner & Hawker
- Elaphomyces spinoreticulatus B.C.Zhang & Minter
- Elaphomyces spirosporus A.Paz & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces subvariegatus S.Imai
- Elaphomyces subviscidus (Zeller) Trappe & Guzmán
- Elaphomyces suejoyceae Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces sulphureopallidus Vaček
- Elaphomyces symeae Castellano, Trappe & T.Lebel
- Elaphomyces timgrovei Castellano, Trappe & Vernes
- Elaphomyces titibuensis Kobayasi
- Elaphomyces tropicalis Sukarno & Listiyowati
- Elaphomyces tuberculatus A-S.Xu
- Elaphomyces verrucosus C.W.Dodge
- Elaphomyces verruculosus Castellano
- Elaphomyces violaceoniger A.Paz, Faust.García & Lavoise
- Elaphomyces virgatosporus Hollós
- Elaphomyces viridiseptus Trappe & Kimbr.

## 基本資料

- 學名：Elaphomyces
- 命名者：Nees (1820)
- subdivision_ranks：種
- 栽培群成員：25 見正文
- 異名：Ascoscleroderma M.Clémencet, 1932、Ceratogaster Corda、Ceraunium Wallr.、Hypogaeum Persoon, 1797、Lycoperdastrum Haller ex Kuntze, 1891、Phymatium Chevallier, 1826