亞歷山大·阿加西茲勳章

亞歷山大·阿加西茲勳章（Alexander Agassiz Medal）由美國國家科學院每三年頒發一次，以表彰受獎者在海洋學領域的傑出貢獻。它由約翰·默里爵士於1911年創立，以紀念他的朋友亞歷山大·阿加西茲。

## 受獎者

來源：美國國家科學院

年度｜得主｜得獎原因｜備註

1913年｜約翰·霍傑特Johan Hjort

1918年｜阿爾貝一世Albert I, Prince of Monaco｜"For his original contributions to the science of oceanography."「因他對海洋學的獨創性貢獻」

1920年｜查爾斯·西格斯比Charles D. Sigsbee

1924年｜奧托·佩特森Otto S. Pettersson｜"For his studies on the chemistry and physics of the sea."「因他對海洋化學和海洋物理學的研究」

1926年｜威廉·比耶克尼斯Wilhelm Bjerknes｜"For his outstanding contributions to dynamic oceanography."「因他對動態海洋學的傑出貢獻」

1927年｜馬克斯·偉伯Max Weber｜"For his distinguished research in the field of oceanography."「因他他在海洋學領域的傑出研究」

1928年｜沃恩·華費特·艾克曼Vagn Walfrid Ekman｜"For his work in physical oceanography."「因他在物理海洋學方面的工作」

1929年｜約翰·斯坦利·加德納J. Stanley Gardiner｜"For his contributions to oceanography."「因他對海洋學的貢獻」

1930年｜恩斯特·施密特Ernst Johannes Schmidt｜"For his conduct of numerous oceanographic expeditions, his investigations of the life of eels, and the investigations of numerous problems connected with fishes, among which may be mentioned his work on fish genetics and geographic variation."「因他進行的眾多海洋探險，對鰻魚生活的調查以及對與魚類有關的眾多問題的調查，其中可以提及他在魚類遺傳學和地理變異方面的工作」

1931年｜亨利·布萊恩特·比奇洛Henry B. Bigelow

1932年｜阿爾伯特·迪芬Albert Defant｜"For his studies on atmospheric and oceanic circulation and his notable contributions to theoretical oceanography."「感謝他對大氣和海洋環流的研究，以及他對理論海洋學的傑出貢獻」

1933年｜比昂·海蘭德·漢森Bjørn Helland-Hansen｜"For his studies in physical oceanography and especially for his contributions to knowledge of the dynamic circulation of the ocean."「因為他在海洋物理學方面的研究，尤其是他對海洋動態循環知識的貢獻」

1934年｜Haakon H. Gran｜"For his contributions to knowledge of the factors controlling organic production in the sea."「感謝他對海洋中控制有機物生產的因素的知識上的貢獻」

1935年｜T·偉蘭·沃恩T. Wayland Vaughan｜"For his investigations of corals, foraminifer, and submarine deposits, and for his leadership in developing oceanographic activities on the Pacific coast of America."

1936年｜馬丁·克努森Martin Knudsen

1937年｜埃德加·艾倫Edgar J. Allen

1938年｜哈拉爾德·斯維德魯普Harald U. Sverdrup

1939年｜弗蘭克·拉特雷·利利Frank R. Lillie

1942年｜哥倫布·伊瑟林二世Columbus Iselin II｜"For his studies of the Gulf stream system, for his leadership in the development of a general program of the physical oceanography of the North Atlantic, and for his distinctive direction of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution both in times of peace and war."

1946年｜約瑟夫·普羅德曼Joseph Proudman｜"For his distinguished studies of the tides of the world."

1947年｜菲利克斯·維寧·梅內斯Felix A. Vening Meinesz｜"For his contributions to oceanography, particularly by his invention of an apparatus for the determination of gravity at sea, by making many measurements of gravity over each of the great oceans, and by the utilization of these observations in interpreting the physical properties and behavior of the Earth's crust."

1948年｜湯瑪斯·湯普森Thomas G. Thompson｜"For his leadership in investigations of the complex chemistry of the ocean, with special attention to the waters of the north-east Pacific, Puget Sound, and San Juan Archipelago, and the Bering and Chukchi Seas."

1951年｜哈里·馬爾默Harry A. Marmer｜"For his distinguished contributions in tidal surveys. His projects have made available to oceanographers accurate, long-period records for large areas where previously very little observational data were available. The program and work which he has originated ultimately will produce reliable conclusions on present-day tectonic processes and the rate of change in the quantity of water in the ocean."

1952年｜H·W·哈維H. W. Harvey

1954年｜莫里斯·尤因Maurice Ewing

1955年｜阿爾弗雷德·C·雷德菲爾德Alfred C. Redfield

1959年｜馬丁·W·詹森Martin W. Johnson｜"For his outstanding leadership in biological and general oceanography. Among Dr. Johnson's contributions are explanations for two newly discovered acoustic phenomena in the sea. These explanations brought biologist and physicists together in a common interest, and introduced underwater acoustics as a prime tool for marine ecology."

1960年｜安東·布魯恩Anton F. Bruun｜"For his leadership in the study of the biology of the deep ocean."

1962年｜喬治·E·R·丹森George E. R. Deacon｜"For his investigations of the hydrography of the southern ocean."

1963年｜Roger R. Revelle｜"For his contributions to the understanding of oceanic processes and the geology of the sea floor, and through his research, to the advancement of scientific oceanography throughout the world."

1965年｜愛德華·布勒德爵士Sir Edward Bullard｜"For his significant investigations of the earth from its surface to its core."「因他從地表到地核對地球進行了重要的研究」

1966年｜卡爾·H·埃卡特Carl H. Eckart｜"For his significant contributions to physical oceanography."「感謝他對物理海洋學的重大貢獻」

1969年｜弗雷德里克·C·富格斯特Frederick C. Fuglister｜"For his stimulating and successful observations of the Gulf Stream and its vortices."

1972年｜上田聖矢Seiya Uyeda｜"For his contributions to the tectonic and thermal history of the earth and, most notably, the Sea of Japan."

1973年｜約翰·斯蒂爾John H. Steele

1976年｜沃爾特·芒克Walter H. Munk｜"For his outstanding experimental and theoretical research on the spectrum of motion in the oceans and the earth."

1979年｜亨利·梅爾遜·斯托梅爾Henry M. Stommel｜"For his work at sea, in the laboratory, and by analyses through which he made major advances in understanding of ocean circulation and distribution of water masses."

1986年｜華萊士·布洛克Wallace Smith Broecker｜"For his work on chemical exchange among the oceans, atmosphere, and solid Earth, making great contributions to understanding the role of the oceans in the Earth's carbon cycle and its climate."

1989年｜塞薩爾·埃米利亞尼Cesare Emiliani｜"For masterful achievements using isotopic palaeotemperatures to establish the climatic history of the Pleistocene and for suggesting their relation to the Milankovitch orbital cycles."

1992年｜約瑟夫·里德Joseph L. Reid｜"For his exploration and observation of the circulation of the world ocean, assembly of its many interacting parts with a lifetime of care, dedication, and insight."

1995年｜維克多·V·奎奎爾Victor Vacquier｜"For his discovery of the flux-gate magnetometer, and for the marine magnetic anomaly surveys that led to the acceptance of the theory of sea-floor spreading."

1998年｜沃爾特·C·皮特曼Walter C. Pitman, III｜"For his fundamental contribution to the plate tectonic revolution through insightful analysis of marine magnetic anomalies and for his studies of the causes and effects of sea-level changes."

2001年｜查爾斯·希普利·考克斯Charles Shipley Cox｜"For his pioneering studies, both theoretical and instrumental, of oceanic waves, microstructure and mixing, and of electromagnetic fields in the ocean and in the seafloor."

2004年｜Klaus Wyrtki｜"For fundamental contributions to the understanding of the oceanic general circulation of abyssal and thermocline waters and for providing the intellectual underpinning for our understanding of ENSO (El Niño)."

2007年｜詹姆斯·雷德威爾James R. Ledwell｜"For innovative and insightful tracer experiments using sulfur hexafluoride to understand vertical diffusivity and turbulent mixing in the open ocean."

2010年｜沙利·W·西斯霍姆Sallie W. Chisholm｜"For pioneering studies of the dominant photosynthetic organisms in the sea and for integrating her results into a new understanding of the global ocean."

2013年｜大衛·卡爾David Karl｜"For leadership in establishing multi-disciplinary ocean-observing systems, for detection of decadal regime shifts in pelagic ecosystems, and for paradigm-shifting insights on biogeochemical cycles in the ocean."

2018年｜迪恩·羅米奇Dean Roemmich｜"For his ground-breaking contributions to research on the circulation and climate variability in the oceans, for research on the global heat and salt budgets of the oceans and for his leadership in the creation of the global ocean climate observatory, Argo."

## 註

除非另有標記，以上資訊據美國國家科學院官方網站上的亞歷山大·阿加西茲勳章網頁提供。