魯伯特·布魯克

魯伯特·喬納·布魯克（Rupert Chawner Brooke 1887年8月3日－1915年4月23日）是一名英格蘭詩人，以一戰時期寫作的十四行詩如《士兵》（The Soldier）知名。此外，他也以英俊的外貌知名，葉芝曾說他是「英格蘭最英俊的青年」。1985年11月11日，他在詩人角留名。

## 生平

他出生於英格蘭華威郡拉格比，曾就讀於拉格比公學，1907年10月就讀劍橋大學國王學院，成為劍橋使徒的一員。他和布盧姆茨伯里派成員關係很好，不過他自己則算是喬治時期詩人（Georgian poets）的一員。1913年3月，他成為劍橋大學國王學院Fellow。

他自1912年受自己的雙性戀傾向所困，導致他和凱薩琳·萊爾德·科克斯分手。隨後前往美國和加拿大散心，在《西敏公報》上出版過旅行日記。

他在1914年8月入伍，成為英國皇家海軍後備隊中尉，曾參與安特衛普圍城戰。他在《泰晤士報文學增刊》上發表兩篇十四行詩《死亡》（The Dead）和《士兵》（The Soldier）開始出名，在1915年2月28日隨地中海遠征軍出征，但罹患敗血病。他做了兩場手術，但最終在4月23日下午4:46於停靠在希臘斯基羅斯的法國醫院船「Duguay-Trouin」號上去世，葬於當地的一個橄欖園中，埋葬地由他的朋友威廉·丹尼斯·布朗選定。

## 參考文獻

- Brooke, Rupert, Letters From America with a Preface by Henry James (London: Sidgwick & Jackson, Ltd, 1916; repr. 1947).
- Dawson, Jill, The Great Lover (London: Sceptre, 1990). A historical novel about Brooke and his relationship with a Tahitian woman, Taatamata, in 1913–14 and with Nell Golightly a maid where he was living.
- Delany, Paul. "Fatal Glamour: the Life of Rupert Brooke." (Montreal: McGillQueens UP, 2015).
- Halliburton, Richard, The Glorious Adventure (New York and Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill, 1927). Traveller/travel writer Halliburton, in recreating Odysseus' adventures, visits the grave of Brooke on the Greek island of Skyros.
- Keith Hale, ed. Friends and Apostles: The Correspondence of Rupert Brooke-James Strachey, 1905–1914.
- Gerry Max, Horizon Chasers – The Lives and Adventures of Richard Halliburton and Paul Mooney (McFarland, c2007). References are made to the poet throughout. Quoted, p. 11.
- Gerry Max, "'When Youth Kept Open House' – Richard Halliburton and Thomas Wolfe", North Carolina Literary Review, 1996, Issue Number 5. Two early 20th century writers and their debt to the poet.
- Moran, Sean Farrell, "Patrick Pearse and the European Revolt Against Reason", The Journal of the History of Ideas,50,4,423-66
- Morley, Christopher, "Rupert Brooke" in Shandygaff – A number of most agreeable Inquirendoes upon Life & Letters, interspersed with Short Stories & Skits, the Whole Most Diverting to the Reader (New York: Garden City Publishing Company, 1918), pp. 58–71. An important early reminiscence and appraisal by famed essayist and novelist Morley.
- Sellers Leonard. The Hood Battalion - Royal Naval Division. Leo Cooper, Pen & Sword Books Ltd. 1995, Select Edition 2003 - Rupert Brooke was an officer of Hood Battalion, 2nd Brigade, Royal Naval Division.
- Arthur Stringer. Red Wine of Youth—A Biography of Rupert Brooke (New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1952). Partly based on extensive correspondence between American travel writer Richard Halliburton and the literary and salon figures who had known Brooke.
- Christopher Hassall. "Rupert Brooke: A Biography" (Faber and Faber 1964)
- Sir Geoffrey Keynes, ed. "The Letters of Rupert Brooke" (Faber and Faber 1968)
- Colin Wilson. "Poetry & Mysticism" (City Lights Books 1969). Contains a chapter about Rupert Brooke.
- John Lehmann. "Rupert Brooke: His Life and His Legend" (George Weidenfeld & Nicolson Ltd 1980)
- Paul Delany. "The Neo-Pagans: Friendship and Love in the Rupert Brooke Circle" (Macmillan 1987)
- Mike Read. "Forever England: The Life of Rupert Brooke" (Mainstream Publishing Company Ltd 1997)
- Timothy Rogers. "Rupert Brooke: A Reappraisal and Selection" (Routledge, 1971)
- Robert Scoble. The Corvo Cult: The History of an Obsession (Strange Attractor, 2014)
- Christian Soleil. "Rupert Brooke: Sous un ciel anglais" (Edifree, France, 2009)
- Christian Soleil. "Rupert Brooke: L'Ange foudroyé" (Monpetitediteur, France, 2011)

## 外部連結

- Rupert Brooke Society
- Rupert Brooke on Skyros
- Schroder Collection (Rupert Brooke), Cambridge University Digital Library , digitised correspondence etc. between Brooke, Edward Marsh, and William Denis Browne
- Rupert Brooke profile and poems on Poets.org
- Rupert Brooke on Poemist
- Bartleby.com – Collected Poems
- Rupert Brooke at the Commonwealth War Graves Commission database
- Rupert Brooke Correspondence and Writings at Dartmouth College Library

## 基本資料

- 日語原文：Rupert Brooke
- 出生：Rupert Chawner Brooke
- 出生日期：1887年8月3日
- 出生地：英格蘭華威郡拉格比
- 逝世日期：1915年4月23日
- 逝世地：希臘斯基羅斯
- 死因：敗血症
- 墓地：希臘斯基羅斯
- 學歷：拉格比公學、劍橋大學國王學院
- 雇主：Sidgwick & Jackson
- 職業：詩人
- 簽名：Author's signature in Collected poems of Rupert Brooke.png