斑蛾科

斑蛾科（學名：Zygaenidae）是斑蛾總科昆蟲之下的一科，並分為4個亞科。全世界目前至少有超過200個屬及1,000多個物種已被命名。

## 特徵及生態

斑蛾科的成蟲多數為晝行性，飛行速度較慢，常可見飛舞於寄生植物周圍採食花蜜。

成蟲的外觀通常以灰色或黑色為底色，而頭胸部或腹部之間至後翅帶有鮮豔的色彩或金屬光澤，藉以警告天敵；常由幼蟲寄主植物中獲得醣苷，將有毒性的氫氰酸（HCN）儲存於體內藉以防止天敵的捕食。在缺乏提供氫氯酸植物的環境下，部分種類的斑蛾也能自行於體內合成並產生氫氰酸，且部分幼蟲能夠將其儲存於體內，緊急時排出體外以用於防衛天敵。其它物種間，也被觀察到對斑蛾進行擬態以達自衛的現象。成蟲具有發展完全的口器，以吸食花蜜為食。一般觸角為櫛狀，而雄性的觸角多呈羽毛狀。

靜止時，前翅常向後併攏，覆蓋住大部分後翅及腹部。

## 下級分類

本科包括以下屬：

Achelura｜Kirby, 1892

Acoloithus｜Clemens, 1860

Adscita｜Retzius, 1783

Aethioprocris｜Alberti, 1954

透翅錦斑蛾屬｜Agalope｜Walker, 1854

Aglaope｜Latreille, 1809

Agrumenia｜Hübner, 1819

Allobremeria｜Alberti, 1954

Allocaprima｜Hering, 1922

Allocyclosia｜Hering, 1922

Alloprocris｜Hering, 1925

Alteramenelikia｜Alberti, 1971

Amesia｜Duncan, 1841

Anarbudas｜Jordan, 1907

Ankasocris｜Viette, 1965

Aphantocephala｜Felder, 1861

Arachotia｜Moore, 1879

Araeocera｜Hampson, 1893

Arbudas｜Moore, 1879

Artona｜Walker, 1854

Astyloneura｜Gaede, 1914

Atelesia｜Jordan, 1930

Australartona｜Tarmann, 2004

Barbaroscia｜Hering, 1922

Boradia｜Moore, 1879

Boradiopsis｜Hering, 1922

Cadphises｜Moore, 1866

Callizygaena｜Felder, 1874

旭錦斑蛾屬｜Campylotes｜Westwood, 1840

Caprima｜Walker, 1865

Chalconycles｜Jordan, 1907

Chalcophaedra｜Jordan, 1907

Chalcosia｜Hübner, 1819

Chalcosiopsis｜Swinhoe, 1894

Charmona｜Dalman, 1820

Chilioprocris｜Jordan, 1913

Chrysartona｜Swinhoe, 1892

燦斑蛾屬｜Clelea｜Walker, 1854

Clematoessa｜Jordan, 1915

Cleoda｜Tremewan

Corma｜Walker, 1865

Cryptophysophilus｜Hering, 1922

Cyanidia｜Jordan, 1925

Cyclosia｜Hübner, 1820

Dendrocera｜Hampson, 1893

Doclea｜Walker, 1865

Docleomorpha｜Hering, 1922

Docleopsis｜Jordan, 1907

Dubernardia｜Alberti, 1954

Efetovia｜Mollet, 2001

Elcysma｜Butler, 1881

Ephemeroidea｜Hampson, 1893

Epiorna｜Alberti, 1954

Epizygaena｜Jordan, 1908

Erasmia｜Hope, 1841

Erasmiphlebohecta｜Strand, 1917

Erythroclelea｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

柄脈錦斑蛾屬｜Eterusia｜Hope, 1841

Euclimacia｜Jordan, 1913

Eucorma｜Jordan, 1907

Eucormopsis｜Jordan, 1907

Eumorphiopais｜Hering, 1922

Eusphalera｜Jordan, 1907

Euxanthopyge｜Hering, 1922

Formozygaena｜Inoue, 1987

Funeralia｜Alberti, 1954

Fuscartona

Gaedea｜Hering, 1924

Gonioprocris｜Jordan, 1913

Gynatoceras｜Rambur, 1866

Gynautocera｜Guérin-Méneville, 1831

Hadrionella｜Jordan, 1925

Hampsonia｜Swinhoe, 1894

Harrisina｜Packard, 1864

Harrisinia

Harrisinopsis｜Jordan, 1913

Harrisinula｜Hering, 1925

Hemiscia｜Jordan, 1907

Herpa｜Walker, 1854

Herpidia｜Bryk, 1936

Herpolasia｜Rothschild & Jordan, 1905

Hestiochora｜Meyrick, 1886

Heteropan｜Walker, 1854

Heteropanula｜Tarmann, 1992

Heterusinula｜Bryk, 1936

Histia｜Hübner, 1820

Hoerwertneria｜Tarmann, 1984

Homophylotis｜Turner, 1904

Hysteroscene｜Hering, 1925

鹿斑蛾屬｜Illiberis｜Walker, 1854

Inope｜Staudinger, 1887

Inouela｜Efetov, 1999

Ischnusia｜Jordan, 1928

Isocrambia｜Jordan, 1907

Jordanita｜Verity, 1946

Keilia｜Efetov, 2001

Kubia｜Matsumura, 1927

Lamontia｜Kaye, 1923

Leptozygaena｜Jordan, 1907

Levuana｜Bethune-Baker, 1906

Lophosoma｜Swinhoe, 1892

Madaprocris｜Viette, 1978

Malamblia｜Jordan, 1907

Malthaca｜Clemens, 1860

Mesembrynus｜Hübner, 1819

Metanycles｜Butler, 1876

Milleria｜Hering, 1922

Milleria｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1859

Milleriana｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1856

Mimascaptesyle｜Hering, 1922

Molletia｜Efetov, 2001

Monalita｜Tremewan, 1973

Morionia｜Jordan, 1910

Myrtartona｜Tarmann, 2004

Neoalbertia｜Tarmann, 1984

Neobalataea｜Alberti, 1954

新錦斑蛾屬｜Neochalcosia｜Yen & Yang, 1997

Neofelderia｜Tarmann, 1984

Neoilliberis｜Tarmann, 1984

Neoprocris｜Jordan, 1915

Neurosymploca｜Wallengren, 1858

Onceropyga｜Turner, 1906

Opisoplatia｜Jordan, 1907

Orna｜Kirby, 1892

Palmartona｜Tarmann, 2004

Panherpina｜Bryk, 1936

Papuaphlebohecta｜Yen, 2005

Parasyntomis｜Distant, 1897

Pernambis｜Schaus, 1920

Phacusa｜Walker, 1854

Philopator｜Moore, 1866

Phlebohecta｜Hampson, 1893

Piarosoma｜Hampson, 1893

Pidorus｜Walker, 1854

Platyzygaena｜Swinhoe, 1892

Pollanista｜Strand, 1915

Pollanisus｜Walker, 1854

Pompelon｜Walker, 1854

Praezygaena｜Alberti, 1954

Praviela｜Alberti, 1954

Procotes｜Butler, 1876

Procris｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1864

Procrisimilis｜Tarmann, 1984

Procrita｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1999

Procriterna｜Efetov & Tarmann, 2004

Prosopandrophila｜Hering, 1922

Psaphis｜Walker, 1854

Pseudarbudas｜Tarmann, 1992

Pseudoamuria｜Tarmann, 2004

Pseudoinope｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1999

Pseudonyctemera｜Snellen, 1903

Pseudopidorus｜Yen & Yang, 1997

Pseudoprocris｜Druce, 1884

Pseudoscaptesyle｜Hering, 1922

Pycnoctena｜Felder, 1874

Retina｜Walker, 1854

Rhagades｜Wallengren, 1863

Rhodopsona｜Jordan, 1907

Rjabovia｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

Roccia｜Alberti, 1954

Saliunca｜Walker, 1865

Saliuncella｜Jordan, 1907

Sciodoclea｜Jordan, 1907

Seryda｜Walker, 1856

Setiodes｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1866

Sinica｜Rebel, 1915

黃點黑斑蛾屬｜Soritia｜Walker, 1854

Sthenoprocris｜Hampson, 1920

Stylura｜Burmeister, 1878

Syringura｜Holland, 1893

Tarmannita｜Efetov, 2000

Tascia｜Walker, 1856

Tasema｜Walker, 1856

Tetraclonia｜Jordan, 1913

Thaumastophleps｜Jordan, 1907

Theresimima｜Strand, 1917

Thibetana｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

Thyrassia｜Butler, 1876

Tremewania｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1999

Triacanthia｜Romieux, 1937

Triprocris｜Grote, 1873

Trypanophora｜Kollar, 1844

Turneriprocris｜Bryk, 1936

Urodopsis｜Jordan, 1913

Vogleria｜Weyenbergh, 1876

Watermenia｜Owada & Horie, 2002

Wiegelia｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

Xenoprocris｜Romieux, 1937

Zikanella｜Hering, 1932

Zygaena｜Fabricius, 1775

Zygaenites｜Burgeff, 1951

Zygaenoprocris｜Hampson, 1900

## 常見物種

### 螢斑蛾亞科 （Chalcosiinae）

前翅形狀較為寬廣，體型中大。觸角前端呈扇狀者居多。

- 紅帶鉗尾斑蛾 Achelura sanguifasciata
- 山龍眼螢斑蛾 Erasmia pulchella hobsoni
- 重陽木螢斑蛾 Histia flabellicornis
- 蓬萊螢斑蛾Milleria formosana contradicta
- 玉帶斑蛾Pidorus atratus

### 小斑蛾亞科 （Procridinae）

體型較短小，靜止時兩翅多併攏呈屋簷狀。

- 海南禾斑蛾 Artona hainana
- 蓬萊藍紋斑蛾Clelea formosana
- 透翅碩班蛾 Hysteroscene hyalina

### 斑蛾亞科 （Zygaeninae）

前翅較為狹長；觸角多為細長狀或棍棒狀。多數分布於歐洲、北非等地（除中華毛斑蛾外）

- 中華毛斑蛾Pryeria sinica
- 六星燈蛾Zygaena filipendulae
- Zygaena Fausta