棘山蟻屬

棘山蟻屬（Polyrhachis）又稱多刺蟻屬，為山蟻亞科下的屬，主要分布於舊世界。共 701 個現生物種及 1 個化石物種。該屬還未被完整地整理過，因此包含很多習性迥異的物種，如織葉的雙齒多刺蟻（Polyrhachis dives）、游泳的、土棲的擬梅氏多刺蟻（如Polyrhachis proxima）、樹棲的雙色多刺蟻（如Polyrhachis bicolor）。

## 形態描述

工蟻體長通常在5-10毫米左右。具有複眼，無單眼。觸角 12 節。觸角著生處緊鄰頭楯後緣。有些物種中軀生有一個以上的棘刺，位於前胸背板、中胸背板或前伸腹節上。腹柄節生有棘或齒。第一腹垂節背板發達，從背面觀其長度長於其他腹垂節背板總和。腹垂節尖端有開口可用於釋放蟻酸，開口周圍沒有毛。

## 生態

棘山蟻築巢習性多樣，地棲、土棲、樹棲都有。有些物種會利用幼蟲吐的絲來築巢，這種行為類似織葉蟻。

棘山蟻沒有螫針，但他們有酸孔可以釋放蟻酸，攻擊時會先用大顎咬住敵人再釋放蟻酸。棘山蟻沒有後胸側板腺，它們可能是用蟻酸來抵抗微生物，當無法使用蟻酸時，棘山蟻比較會受到微生物感染。有些物種行社會性寄生，如Polyrachis lemalidens，Polyrachis lemalidens 棲息於朝鮮半島、中國和東北亞，於 9 月底至 12 月底婚飛，具體時間依氣候而異。婚飛後蟻后會脫掉翅膀並尋找宿主，宿主通常為日本巨山蟻，但在朝鮮半島主要宿主為，韓國的螞蟻飼養者說 Polyrachis lemalidens 也會接受日本山蟻和 作為宿主。找到宿主後，Polyrachis lemalidens 會攻擊小工蟻並「複製」費洛蒙，重複好幾次後，Polyrachis lemalidens 會潛入宿主的巢穴並進入蟻后所在的巢腔，它會咬住蟻后的後頸並吸取蟻后的血體液，還有「複製」費洛蒙，最後咬斷宿主蟻后的脖子，整個過程需時 2 - 4 天，有時候可持續超過兩個禮拜。Polyrachis lemalidens 寄生的過程和其他行社會寄生的物種大同小異。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

Polyrhachis abbreviata Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) abdita Polyrhachis abdominalis

Polyrhachis abnormis｜Donisthorpe, 1948

Polyrhachis abrupta｜Mayr, 1867

Polyrhachis aciculatus

Polyrhachis aculeata｜Mayr, 1879

Polyrhachis aedipus｜Forel, 1893

Polyrhachis aenescens｜Stitz, 1910

Polyrhachis aerope｜Wheeler, 1922

Polyrhachis affinis

Polyrhachis agesilas｜Forel, 1913

Polyrhachis albertisi｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis alexandri｜Karavaiev, 1906

Polyrhachis alexisi｜Forel, 1916

Polyrhachis alluaudi｜Emery, 1892

Polyrhachis alphea｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis alphena｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis amana｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis ammon｜(Fabricius, 1775)

Polyrhachis ammonoeides｜Roger, 1863

安德森多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis anderseni

Polyrhachis andrei｜Emery, 1921

Polyrhachis andromache｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis angusta｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis annae｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis annosus｜Wappler et al., 2009

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) annulata

Polyrhachis antennata｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis antinorii

Polyrhachis antoniae｜Stitz, 1911

Polyrhachis appendiculata｜Emery, 1893

Polyrhachis arachne｜Emery, 1896

Polyrhachis arcuata｜(Le Guillou, 1842)

Polyrhachis arcuspinosa

Polyrhachis argenteosignata｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis argenteus｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis argentosa｜Forel, 1902

阿瑪多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis armata｜(Le Guillou, 1842)

Polyrhachis arnoldi｜Forel, 1914

Polyrhachis asomaningi｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis aspasia｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis (Myrma) atalanta

Polyrhachis atossa｜Forel, 1913

Polyrhachis atropos｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis atrovirens｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis aurea｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis aureovestita｜Donisthorpe, 1937

Polyrhachis aurichalceus

Polyrhachis auriformis｜Donisthorpe, 1943

Polyrhachis aurita｜Emery, 1911

澳洲多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis australis｜Mayr, 1870

巴卡多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis bakana｜Xu, 1998

Polyrhachis bakeri｜Viehmeyer, 1916

Polyrhachis bamaga｜Kohout, 1990

Polyrhachis banghaasi｜Viehmeyer, 1922

Polyrhachis barretti｜Clark, 1928

Polyrhachis basirufa｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis batesi｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis beauforti｜Emery, 1911

Polyrhachis beccarii｜Mayr, 1872

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) bedeloweryi

Polyrhachis bedoti｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis bellicosa｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis (Myrma) bequaerti

雙色多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis bicolor｜Smith, 1858

雙鉤多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis bihamata｜(Drury, 1773)

Polyrhachis binghamii｜Forel, 1893

Polyrhachis biroi｜Forel, 1907

Polyrhachis bispinosus Polyrhachis boltoni

Polyrhachis bouvieri｜Santschi, 1928

Polyrhachis braxa｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) breviata

短胸多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis brevicorpa｜Xu, 2002

Polyrhachis brevinoda Polyrhachis brevipilosa

Polyrhachis bubala｜Stitz, 1925

Polyrhachis bubastes｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis bugnioni｜Forel, 1908

Polyrhachis burmanensis｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis busiris

Polyrhachis caeciliae｜Forel, 1912

Polyrhachis cafrorum｜Forel

Polyrhachis calabarica｜For.

Polyrhachis calliope｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis calypso｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis campbelli

Polyrhachis carbonaria｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis carinata｜(Fabricius, 1804)

Polyrhachis castaneiventris｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis caulomma｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis cedarensis｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis cephalotes｜Emery, 1893

Polyrhachis ceramensis｜Mayr, 1883

Polyrhachis chalybea｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis chaonia

Polyrhachis charaxa｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis chartifex｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis cheesmanae｜Donisthorpe, 1937

Polyrhachis cingula｜Donisthorpe, 1947

Polyrhachis circumdata｜Viehmeyer, 1913

Polyrhachis clarkei｜Donisthorpe, 1949

Polyrhachis cleopatra｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis cleophanes｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis clio｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis clotho｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis clypeatus｜Mayr

Polyrhachis coerulescens｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis compressicornis｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis concava｜Andre, 1889

Polyrhachis confusa｜Wong & Guénard, 2021

Polyrhachis conops｜Forel, 1901

Polyrhachis consimilis｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis constricta｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis constructor｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis contemta｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis continua｜Emery, 1887

凸頰多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis convexa｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis cornata

方肩多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis cornihumera｜Xu, 2002

Polyrhachis cornuta｜Stitz, 1910

Polyrhachis coronata｜Santschi, 1928

Polyrhachis craddocki｜Bingham, 1903

Polyrhachis crassispinosa｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis crawleyi｜Forel, 1916

Polyrhachis creusa｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis croceiventris｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis cryptoceroides｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis cubaensis｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis cupreata｜Emery, 1895

Polyrhachis curta｜Emery, 1890

Polyrhachis cuspidatus Polyrhachis cyaneus

青腹多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis cyaniventris｜Smith, 1858

駝背多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis cyphonota｜Xu, 1998

Polyrhachis cyrtomyrmoides｜Donisthorpe, 1947

Polyrhachis cyrus｜Forel, 1901

Polyrhachis daemeli｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis dahlii｜Forel, 1901

Polyrhachis danum

Polyrhachis daphne｜Wheeler, 1919

Polyrhachis davydovi｜Karavaiev, 1927

德比利多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis debilis｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis decellei｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis decemdentata｜Andre, 1889

Polyrhachis decemdentate

Polyrhachis decipiens｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis decora Polyrhachis defensus

Polyrhachis delicata｜Crawley, 1915

德曼多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis demangei｜Santschi, 1910

Polyrhachis democles

Polyrhachis dentata｜Donisthorpe, 1947

Polyrhachis denticulata｜Karavaiev, 1927

齒肩多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis dentihumera｜Xu, 2002

Polyrhachis derecyna｜Smith, 1871

Polyrhachis diana｜Wheeler, 1909

Polyrhachis diaphanta｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis diotima｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis distincta｜Karavaiev, 1927

雙齒多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis dives｜Smith, 1857 舊名：擬黑多刺蟻

Polyrhachis doddi｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis dohrni｜Forel, 1901

Polyrhachis dolichocephala｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis dolomedes｜Smith, 1863

背皺多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis dorsorugosa｜Forel, 1913

Polyrhachis doudou Polyrhachis dubia

Polyrhachis durbanensis｜Forel, 1914

Polyrhachis durvillei｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis edwardi｜Donisthorpe, 1948

Polyrhachis elii｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis emeryana｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis emmae｜Santschi, 1920

Polyrhachis epinotalis｜Santschi

Polyrhachis equina｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis erato｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis eremita｜Kohout, 1990

Polyrhachis erosispina｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis esarata｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis escherichi｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis etheli｜Chapman, 1963

Polyrhachis eudora｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis euryala｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis eurynota｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis eurytus

Polyrhachis euterpe｜Forel, 1902

直刺多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis euthiacaena｜Zhou et Zheng, 1997

Polyrhachis exarata｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis exasperatus

Polyrhachis excellens｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis excisa｜Mayr, 1867

Polyrhachis excitata｜Viehmeyer, 1913

Polyrhachis exercita｜(Walker, 1859)

Polyrhachis exotica｜Kohout, 1987

Polyrhachis fellowesi｜Wong & Guénard, 2021

Polyrhachis femorata｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis fervens｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis fissa｜Mayr, 1902

Polyrhachis flavibasis｜Clark, 1930

Polyrhachis flavicornis｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis flavoflagellata｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis follicula｜Menozzi, 1926

Polyrhachis foreli｜Kohout, 1989

Polyrhachis fornicata｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis fortis｜Emery, 1893

Polyrhachis frauenfeldi｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis fruhstorferi｜Emery, 1898

Polyrhachis fulgens｜Viehmeyer, 1912

叉多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis furcata｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis furcula｜Emery, 1911

Polyrhachis fuscipes｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis gab｜Forel, 1879

Polyrhachis gagates｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis gamaii｜Santschi, 1917

Polyrhachis geminata｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) gentilis

Polyrhachis geometrica｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis gerstaeckeri｜Forel

Polyrhachis gestroi｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis gibba｜Emery, 1901

Polyrhachis gibbula

Polyrhachis glabrinota｜Clark, 1930

Polyrhachis glykera｜Forel, 1912

Polyrhachis gracilior｜Forel, 1893

大多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis grandis｜Donisthorpe, 1949

Polyrhachis gravis｜Clark, 1930

Polyrhachis greensladei｜Kohout, 1990

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) gressitti

Polyrhachis gribodoi｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis guerini｜Roger, 1863

哈氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis halidayi｜Emery, 1889

Polyrhachis halmaheirae

Polyrhachis hastata｜(Latreille, 1802)

Polyrhachis hauxwelli｜Bingham, 1903

Polyrhachis hector｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis heinlethii｜Forel, 1895

Polyrhachis hemiopticoides｜Mukerjee, 1930

Polyrhachis hera｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis hermione｜Emery, 1895

Polyrhachis hexacantha｜(Erichson, 1842)

錫蘭多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis hippomanes｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis hirsuta｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis hirta｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis hodgsoni｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis hookeri｜Lowne, 1865

Polyrhachis horacei｜Hung, 1967

Polyrhachis horni｜Emery, 1901

Polyrhachis hostilis｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis hunggeuk｜Wong & Guénard, 2021

Polyrhachis hungi｜Bolton, 1974

Polyrhachis ignota｜Kohout, 1987

梅氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis illaudata｜Walker, 1859

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) impressa

Polyrhachis inclusa｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis inconspicua｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis indificans｜(Jerdon, 1851)

Polyrhachis inermis｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis insularis｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis inusitata｜Kohout, 1989

Polyrhachis io｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis isacantha｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis ithona｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis jacksoniana｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis jacobsoni｜Forel, 1909

Polyrhachis jerdonii｜Forel, 1892

江華多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis jianghuaensis｜Wang & Wu, 1991

Polyrhachis jurii｜Karavaiev, 1935

Polyrhachis kaipi｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis karawaiewi｜Santschi, 1928

Polyrhachis keratifera｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis (Hedomyrma) kershawi

Polyrhachis khepra｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis kohli｜Forel

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) kokoda

Polyrhachis labella｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis laboriosa｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis lachesis｜Forel, 1897

Polyrhachis laciniata｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis lacteipennis｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis laevigata｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis laevissima｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis lama｜Kohout, 1994

赤胸多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis lamellidens｜Smith, 1874

Polyrhachis laminata｜Mayr, 1867

Polyrhachis lanuginosa｜Santschi, 1910

Polyrhachis lata｜Emery, 1895

Polyrhachis latharis｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis latifrons

Polyrhachis latinota｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis latispina｜Emery, 1925

側多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis latona｜Wheeler, 1909

Polyrhachis latreillei｜(Guérin-Méneville, 1838)

Polyrhachis lauta｜Santschi, 1910

Polyrhachis leae｜Forel, 1913

Polyrhachis leonidas｜Forel, 1901

Polyrhachis leopoldi｜Santschi, 1932

Polyrhachis lepida

Polyrhachis lestoni｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis levior｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis lilianae｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis limbata｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis limitis｜Santschi, 1939

Polyrhachis linae｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis lombokensis｜Emery, 1898

Polyrhachis longipes｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis longipilosa

Polyrhachis longiseta

Polyrhachis loriai｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis loweryi｜Kohout, 1990

Polyrhachis lownei｜Forel, 1895

Polyrhachis lucens｜Donisthorpe, 1947

光亮多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis lucidula｜Emery, 1893

Polyrhachis luctuosa｜Emery, 1921

Polyrhachis lugens｜Mayr, 1867

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) lumi Polyrhachis luteipes

Polyrhachis lycidas｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis lydiae｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) maai

Polyrhachis machaon｜Santschi, 1920

Polyrhachis mackayi｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis macropa｜Wheeler, 1916

Polyrhachis maculata｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis magnifica｜Menozzi, 1926

Polyrhachis malaensis｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis malignus Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) mamba

Polyrhachis marginata｜Smith, 1859

梅氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis mayri｜Roger, 1859

Polyrhachis medusa｜Forel, 1897

Polyrhachis (Myrma) medusae

Polyrhachis melpomene｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis menelas｜Forel, 1904

Polyrhachis menozzii｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis merops

哀愁棘山蟻｜Polyrhachis mesota｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis metella｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis micans｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis militaris｜(Fabricius, 1782)

Polyrhachis mindanaensis｜Emery, 1923

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) minima

Polyrhachis mitrata｜Menozzi, 1932

Polyrhachis mjobergi｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis mkomaziae｜Taylor & McGavin, 2020

Polyrhachis modesta｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis moeschi｜Forel, 1912

邁氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis moesta｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis mondoi｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis monista｜Santschi, 1910

Polyrhachis montana｜Hung, 1970

Polyrhachis monteithi

山棲多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) monticola

Polyrhachis mucronata｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis muelleri｜Forel, 1893

牆多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis murina｜Emery, 1893

Polyrhachis mutatus Polyrhachis mutiliae

Polyrhachis mystica｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis neptunus｜Smith, 1865

Polyrhachis nidificans Polyrhachis niger

Polyrhachis nigra｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis nigrescens｜Karavaiev, 1927

黑頭多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis nigriceps｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis nigriseta

Polyrhachis nigrita｜Mayr, 1895

Polyrhachis nigropilosa｜Mayr, 1872

Polyrhachis nitens｜Donisthorpe, 1943

Polyrhachis nitida｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis noesaensis

Polyrhachis nofra｜Bolton, 1975

Polyrhachis nudata｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis numeria｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis obesior

Polyrhachis obscura｜Forel, 1895

Polyrhachis (Cyrtomyrma) obsidiana｜Karawajew, 1927

Polyrhachis obtusa｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis ochracea｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis oedacantha｜Wheeler, 1919

Polyrhachis olena｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis olybria｜Forel, 1912

Polyrhachis omissa

Polyrhachis omyrmex｜(Donisthorpe, 1938)

Polyrhachis opalescens｜Clark, 1930

Polyrhachis ops｜Forel, 1907

圓肩多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis orbihumera｜Xu, 2002

Polyrhachis ornata｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) orokana

Polyrhachis orpheus｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis orsylla｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis osae｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis osiris｜Bolton, 1975

Polyrhachis otleti｜Forel, 1916

Polyrhachis pallescens｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis pallipes｜Donisthorpe, 1948

Polyrhachis pandarus

Polyrhachis parabiotica｜Chapman, 1963

擬弓刺蟻｜Polyrhachis paracamponota｜Wang & Wu, 1991

Polyrhachis paromala｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) parva

Polyrhachis patiens｜Santschi, 1920

Polyrhachis paxilla｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis peetersi｜Wong & Guénard, 2021

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) pelecta

Polyrhachis pellita｜Menozzi, 1922

Polyrhachis penelope｜Forel, 1895

Polyrhachis peregrina｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis personata｜Wheeler, 1919

Polyrhachis phalerata｜Menozzi, 1926

Polyrhachis phidias｜Forel, 1910

Polyrhachis philippinensis｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis phipsoni

Polyrhachis phryne｜Forel, 1907

Polyrhachis phyllophilus

Polyrhachis piliventris｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis pilosa｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis pirata｜Sorger & Zettel, 2009

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) planata

Polyrhachis plato｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis platynota｜Stitz, 1933

Polyrhachis platyomma｜Emery, 1921

Polyrhachis polymnia｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis porcata｜Emery, 1921

Polyrhachis pressa｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis prometheus｜Santschi, 1920

擬梅氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis proxima｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis pruinosa｜Mayr, 1872

擬三尖叉多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis pseudothrinax｜Hung, 1967

半眼多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis pubescens｜Mayr, 1879

Polyrhachis punctata｜Karavaiev, 1927

刻點多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis punctillata｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis punctiventris｜Mayr, 1876

城堡多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis pyrgops｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis pyrrhus｜Forel, 1910

Polyrhachis queenslandica｜Emery, 1895

Polyrhachis ralumensis｜Forel, 1901

四刺蟻｜Polyrhachis rastellata｜(Latreille, 1802)

結多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis ratellata｜(Latreille,1802)

Polyrhachis reclinata｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis regesa｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis regularis｜Mayr, 1867

Polyrhachis relucens｜(Latreille, 1802)

Polyrhachis rere｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis restituta｜Viehmeyer, 1913

Polyrhachis retrorsa｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) retusa

Polyrhachis revoili｜Andre, 1887

Polyrhachis rhea｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis ridleyi｜Forel, 1912

Polyrhachis rixosa｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) roberti Polyrhachis robsoni Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) roomi

Polyrhachis rossi｜Donisthorpe, 1948

圓頂多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis rotoccipita｜Xu, 2002

Polyrhachis rotumana｜Wilson & Taylor, 1967

Polyrhachis rotundiceps｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis rowlandi｜Forel, 1910

紅腹多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis rubigastrica｜Wu & Wang, 1991

Polyrhachis rubiginosa｜(Le Guillou, 1842)

Polyrhachis ruficornis｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis rufifemur｜Forel, 1907

Polyrhachis rufipalpis｜Santschi, 1910

紅足多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis rufipes｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis rufofemorata｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis rugifrons｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis rugulosus

Polyrhachis rupicapra｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis rustica｜Kohout, 1990

Polyrhachis saevissima｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis saigonensis｜Forel, 1886

Polyrhachis salomo｜Forel, 1910

Polyrhachis santschii｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis sappho｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis scabra｜Kohout, 1987

Polyrhachis scapulata｜Santschi, 1932

暢多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis schang｜Forel, 1879

Polyrhachis schenckii｜Forel, 1886

Polyrhachis schenkii

Polyrhachis schistacea｜(Gerstaecker, 1859)

Polyrhachis schizospina｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis schlueteri｜Forel, 1886

Polyrhachis schoopae｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis schwiedlandi｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis scissa｜(Roger, 1862)

Polyrhachis sculpta｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis sculpturata｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis scutulata｜Smith, 1859

Polyrhachis semiaurata｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis semiobscura｜Donisthorpe, 1944

Polyrhachis semipolita｜Andre, 1896

Polyrhachis senilis｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis sericata｜(Guerin-Meneville, 1831)

Polyrhachis sericeopubescens｜Donisthorpe, 1941

Polyrhachis serratus

Polyrhachis sexspinosa｜(Latreille, 1802)

始興多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis shixingensis｜Wu et Wang, 1995

Polyrhachis sidnica｜Mayr, 1866

Polyrhachis similis｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis simillima｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis simplex｜Mayr

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) simulans

Polyrhachis smithi｜Emery, 1901

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) snellingi

Polyrhachis sokolova｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis solivaga｜Menozzi, 1926

Polyrhachis solmsi｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis sophocles｜Forel, 1908

Polyrhachis sparaxes｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis spec｜Hector

Polyrhachis spec｜Pandarus

Polyrhachis spengeli｜Forel, 1912

Polyrhachis spinicola｜Forel, 1894

Polyrhachis spinicollis

Polyrhachis spinigera｜Mayr

Polyrhachis spitteleri｜Forel, 1916

Polyrhachis splendens｜Santschi, 1932

Polyrhachis stigmatifera｜Kohout, 1990

條紋多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis striata｜Mayr, 1862

Polyrhachis striatorugosus

Polyrhachis strictifrons｜Emery, 1898

Polyrhachis stylifera｜Karavaiev, 1935

Polyrhachis subaenescens｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis subcyanea｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis subfossa｜Viehmeyer, 1913

Polyrhachis subfossoides｜Karavaiev, 1927

Polyrhachis submarginata

亞毛多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis subpilosa｜Emery, 1895

Polyrhachis subtridens｜Emery, 1900

Polyrhachis sulcata｜Andre, 1895

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) sulcifera

Polyrhachis sumatrensis｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis sylvicola｜(Jerdon, 1851)

Polyrhachis tambourinensis｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis taylori｜Kohout, 1988

Polyrhachis templi｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis ternatae｜Karavaiev, 1933

Polyrhachis terpsichore｜Forel, 1893

Polyrhachis textor｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis thailandica

Polyrhachis thais｜Forel, 1910

湯普森多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis thompsoni｜Bingham, 1903

三尖叉多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis thrinax｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis thusnelda｜Forel, 1902

光脛多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis tibialis｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis townsvillei｜Donisthorpe, 1938

Polyrhachis tragos｜Stitz, 1925

Polyrhachis transiens｜Bolton, 1973

Polyrhachis trapezoidea｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis triaena｜Wheeler, 1919

Polyrhachis tricuspis｜Andre, 1887

Polyrhachis trina｜Donisthorpe, 1944

Polyrhachis trispinosa｜Smith, 1861

Polyrhachis tristis｜Mayr, 1867

Polyrhachis trophima｜Smith, 1863

舟山多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis tschu｜Forel, 1879

Polyrhachis tubericeps｜Forel, 1893

Polyrhachis tubifera｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis tubifex｜Karavaiev, 1926

Polyrhachis turneri｜Forel, 1895

暴棘山蟻｜Polyrhachis tyrannica｜Fr. Smith, 1858，暴多刺蟻，也拼作Polyrhachis tyrannicus

Polyrhachis ugiensis｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis ulysses｜Forel, 1910

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) umboi

Polyrhachis unicuspis｜Emery, 1898

Polyrhachis urania｜Forel, 1902

Polyrhachis valerus Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) variegata

Polyrhachis venus｜Forel, 1893

Polyrhachis vermiculosa｜Mayr, 1876

Polyrhachis verticalis｜Santschi, 1928

Polyrhachis vestita｜Smith, 1860

Polyrhachis vibidia

鼎突多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis vicina｜Roger, 1863

Polyrhachis viehmeyeri｜Emery, 1921

大眼多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis vigilans｜Smith, 1858

Polyrhachis vigilans｜Viehmeyer, 1912

Polyrhachis villipes｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis villosa｜Emery, 1897

Polyrhachis vindex｜Smith, 1857

Polyrhachis violaceonigra｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis viscosa｜Smith, 1858

維氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis vitalisi｜Santschi, 1920

Polyrhachis volkarti｜Forel, 1916

Polyrhachis wagneri｜Viehmeyer, 1914

Polyrhachis wallacei｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) wamuki Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) wardi

Polyrhachis weissi｜Santschi, 1910

Polyrhachis wellmani｜Forel, 1909

Polyrhachis wheeleri｜Mann, 1919

Polyrhachis wilmsi｜Forel

Polyrhachis (Aulacomyrma) wilsoni

渥氏多刺蟻｜Polyrhachis wolfi｜Forel, 1912 渥氏棘山蟻

Polyrhachis wroughtonii｜Forel, 1894

Polyrhachis xanthippe｜Forel, 1911

Polyrhachis xiphias｜Smith, 1863

Polyrhachis yarrabahensis｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis yerburyi｜Forel, 1893

Polyrhachis yorkana｜Forel, 1915

Polyrhachis ypsilon｜Emery, 1887

Polyrhachis zimmerae｜Clark, 1941

Polyrhachis zopyra｜Smith, 1861

## 基本資料

- diversity：702 種
- diversity_link：Species
- type_species_authority：(Drury, 1773)
- 模式種：雙鉤多刺蟻 Formica bihamata、（首異名：Polyrhachis bihamata）
- 命名者：Smith, 1857
- 異名：Cephalomyrma Karavaiev, 1935、Dolichorhachis Mann, 1919、Evelyna Donisthorpe, 1937、Florencea Donisthorpe, 1937、Irenea Donisthorpe, 1938、Johnia Karavaiev, 1927、Morleyidris Donisthorpe, 1944
- subdivision_ranks：亞屬
- 栽培群成員：多刺蟻溝槽亞屬 Aulacomyrma Emery, 1921、多刺蟻弓背亞屬 Campomyrma Wheeler, W.M., 1911、多刺蟻山居亞屬 Chariomyrma Forel, 1915、多刺蟻駝背亞屬 Cyrtomyrma Forel, 1915、多刺蟻神聖亞屬 Hagiomyrma Wheeler, W.M., 1911、多刺蟻棲居亞屬 Hedomyrma Forel, 1915、多刺蟻偏盲亞屬 Hemioptica Roger, 1862、多刺蟻毛刺亞屬 Hirtomyrma Kohout, 2010、刺蟻亞屬 Myrma Billberg, 1820、多刺蟻奇異亞屬 Myrmatopa Forel, 1915、多刺蟻六刺亞屬 Myrmhopla Forel, 1915、多刺蟻三叉亞屬 Myrmothrinax Forel, 1915、多刺蟻指名亞屬 Polyrhachis Smith, F., 1857