水塔花屬

水塔花屬（學名：Billbergia）是鳳梨科下的一個屬，為無莖草本植物。該屬共有約60種，分布於熱帶美洲。

水塔花屬植物需要充足的陽光，但過強的陽光會造成葉色變黃，甚至造成日曬病，所以陽光太強時需要遮蔭。生長適溫大約攝氏20到28度，超過30度會使開花減少。冬天進入休眠期後，溫度低於10至15度時會造成花期後延，高於20度也會影響來年生長。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

Billbergia acreana｜H. Luther - Acre

Billbergia alfonsi-joannis｜Reitz - from Espírito Santo to Santa Catarina

Billbergia amandae｜W.Weber - 巴西，可能已滅絕

Billbergia ambigua｜(L.B.Sm. & Read) Betancur & N.R.Salinas - Antioquia

Billbergia amoena｜(Loddiges) Lindley - Brazil

Billbergia brachysiphon｜L.B. Smith - Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Billbergia bradeana｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo

巴西水塔花｜Billbergia brasiliensis｜L.B. Smith - Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia buchholtzii｜- Brazil, but probably extinct

Billbergia cardenasii｜L.B. Smith - 玻利維亞

Billbergia castelensis｜E. Pereira - Espírito Santo

Billbergia chlorantha｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo

- Billbergia × claudioi Leme - 巴西

Billbergia cylindrostachya｜- Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia dasilvae｜Leme - Rondônia

Billbergia decora｜Poeppig & Endlicher - Peru, Bolivia, Brazil

Billbergia distachya｜(Vellozo) - southern Brazil

Billbergia domingosmartinsis｜E.Gross - Espírito Santo

Billbergia elegans｜Martius ex Schultes f. - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia eloiseae｜L.B. Smith & R.W. Read - Colombia

Billbergia euphemiae｜- southeastern Brazil

台灣水塔花｜Billbergia formosa｜Ule - Peru

Billbergia horrida｜Regel - southeastern Brazil

Billbergia incarnata｜(Ruiz & Pavón) Schultes f. - Peru

Billbergia iridifolia｜(Nees & Martius) Lindley - southeastern Brazil

Billbergia issingiana｜T. Krömer & E. Gross - 玻利維亞

Billbergia jandebrabanderi｜R. Vásquez & Ibisch - Bolivia

Billbergia kautskyana｜E. Pereira - Espírito Santo

Billbergia kuhlmannii｜L.B. Smith - Brazil, Bolivia

Billbergia laxiflora｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo

Billbergia leptopoda｜L.B. Smith - Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia lietzei｜- Espírito Santo

Billbergia lymanii｜E. Pereira & Leme - southeastern Brazil

Billbergia macracantha｜E. Pereira - Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia macrocalyx｜Hooker - Bahia, Minas Gerais

Billbergia macrolepis｜L.B. Smith - Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, 委內瑞拉, Guyana

Billbergia magnifica｜- Brazil, Paraguay

Billbergia manarae｜Steyermark - 委內瑞拉

Billbergia meyeri｜- Brazil, Bolivia

Billbergia microlepis｜L.B. Smith - Bolivia

Billbergia minarum｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia morelii｜Brongniart - 巴西東部

Billbergia nana｜E. Pereira - Bahia, Espírito Santo

垂花水塔花｜Billbergia nutans｜H. Wendland ex Regel：見於巴西、阿根廷、烏拉圭及巴拉圭。

Billbergia oxysepala｜- Acre, Ecuador

Billbergia pallidiflora｜Liebmann - Mexico and Central America from Sinaloa to Nicaragua

Billbergia pohliana｜- Minas Gerais

Billbergia porteana｜Brongniart ex Beer - Brazil, Paraguay

紅筆鳳梨｜Billbergia pyramidalis｜(Sims) Lindley：巴西、委內瑞拉、法屬圭亞那、小安的列斯群島及古巴；亦已在模里西斯歸化。

Billbergia reichardtii｜- Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia robert-readii｜E. Gross & Rauh - Peru

Billbergia rosea｜hortus ex Beer - Trinidad, Venezuela

Billbergia rubicunda｜- Suriname

Billbergia rupestris｜L.B. Smith - Colombia, Acre

Billbergia sanderiana｜- southeastern Brazil

Billbergia seidelii｜L.B. Smith & Reitz - Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia stenopetala｜Harms - Ecuador, 秘魯

Billbergia tessmannii｜Harms - 秘魯

Billbergia tweedieana｜Baker - 巴西東南部

Billbergia velascana｜M. Cardenas - 玻利維亞

Billbergia violacea｜Beer - Guianas, Brazil

綠花水塔花｜Billbergia viridiflora｜H. Wendland - Belize, Guatemala, Tabasco

條紋水塔花｜Billbergia vittata｜Brongniart：見於巴西東部

Billbergia zebrina｜(Herbert) Lindley - Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay

## 基本資料

- 學名：Billbergia
- 說明：Billbergia