溪蟹科

溪蟹科（學名：Potamidae）是短尾下目(螃蟹)溪蟹總科之下一個由淡水蟹組成的科級分類單元。本科包括超過650個物種，分屬接近100個屬。按其第八片胸腹片(Thoracic sternite)的不同，我們大致可以分為兩個亞科：

## 分類

印度北部及緬甸的水域同時有兩個亞科的蟹種存在。

### 溪蟹亞科

溪蟹亞科（Potaminae Ortmann, 1896）物種分佈於從環地中海(包括南歐、近東、中東到北非)、葉門索科特拉島往東到印度北部及緬甸，包括以下各屬：

棘刺溪蟹屬｜Acanthopotamon｜Kemp, 1918

阿氏溪蟹屬｜Alcomon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 冠腕阿氏溪蟹 Alcomon lophocarpus (Kemp, 1913)
- 密毛阿氏溪蟹 Alcomon superciliosum (Kemp, 1913)

喜山溪蟹屬｜Himalayapotamon｜Pretzmann, 1966

葉刺溪蟹屬｜Lobothelphusa｜Bouvier, 1917

擬刺溪蟹屬｜Paratelphusula｜Alcock, 1909

- 緬甸副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula burmensis (Bott, 1966)
- 達亞娜副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula dayana (Wood-Mason, 1871)
- 隆背副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula gibbosa (Ng & Kosuge, 1997)，隆背擬刺溪蟹，球狀副小泉蟹
- 勃固副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula peguensis (Rathbun, 1905)

溪蟹屬｜Potamon｜Savigny, 1816

極樂島蟹屬｜Socotra｜Cumberlidge & Wranik, 2002

- 假圓軸極樂島蟹 Socotra pseudocardisoma Cumberlidge & Wranik, 2002

索科特拉溪蟹屬｜Socotrapotamon｜Apel & Brandis, 2000

- Socotrapotamon nojidense Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon nojidensis Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon socotrense (Hilgendorf, 1883)

### 近溪蟹亞科

近溪蟹亞科（Potamiscinae Bott, 1970）主要在東亞及東南亞地區，包括：

Acartiapotamon｜Dai, 1999

Allopotamon｜Ng, 1988

阿神蟹屬｜Amamiku｜Naruse, Segawa & Shokita, 2004

非擬溪蟹屬｜Aparapotamon｜Dai & Chen, 1985

Apotamonautes｜Dai & Xing, 1993

緊腹溪蟹屬｜Artopotamon｜Dai & Chen, 1985

Arquatopotamon｜Chu, Zhou & Sun, 2017

Aspermon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Badistemon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Balssipotamon｜Dang & Ho, 2008

Beccumon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Bottapotamon｜Türkay & Dai, 1997

明溪蟹屬｜Candidiopotamon｜Bott, 1967

Capitamon｜Pati, Mitra & Ng, 2024

- Capitamon capitatum
- Capitamon clarki
- Capitamon manipurense
- Capitamon meitei
- Capitamon mizoramense

Carpomon｜Tan & Ng, 1998

Cerberusa｜Holthuis, 1979

中國溪蟹屬｜Chinapotamon｜Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994

Cryptopotamon｜Ng & Dudgeon, 1992

戴溪蟹屬｜Daipotamon｜Ng & Trontelj, 1996

- Daipotamon minos Ng & Trontelj, 1996

Dalatomon｜Dang & Ho, 2007

德曼蟹屬｜Demanietta｜Bott, 1966

Doimon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Donopotamon｜Dang & Ho, 2005

- Donopotamon haii Dang & Hô, 2005

Dromothelphusa｜Naiyanetr, 1992

- Dromothelphusa longipes (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)

Eosamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Erebusa｜Yeo & Ng, 1999

Esanpotamon｜Naiyanetr & Ng, 1997

Flabellamon｜Ng, 1996

澤蟹屬｜Geothelphusa｜Stimpson, 1858

海南溪蟹屬｜Hainanpotamon｜Dai, 1995

Heterochelamon｜Türkay & Dai, 1997

華南溪蟹屬｜Huananpotamon｜Dai & Ng, 1994

Ibanum｜Ng, 1995

- Ibanum aethes Ng, 1995
- Ibanum bicristatum (De Man, 1899)
- Ibanum pilimanus Ng & Grinang, 2004

印支溪蟹屬｜Indochinamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Inlethelphusa｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Insulamon｜Ng & Takeda, 1992

Iomon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

石溪蟹屬｜Isolapotamon｜Bott, 1968

柔佛蟹屬｜Johora｜Bott, 1966

Kanpotamon｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993

Kukrimon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- Kukrimon cucphuongensis (Dang, 1975)

Lacunipotamon｜Dai et al., 1975

Laevimon｜Yeo & Ng, 2005

Larnaudia｜Bott, 1966

Latopotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

龍溪蟹屬｜Longpotamon｜Shih, Huang & Ng, 2016

Lophopotamon｜Dai, 1999

Malayopotamon｜Bott, 1968

中溪蟹屬｜Mediapotamon｜Türkay & Dai, 1997

Megacephalomon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Mindoron｜Ng & Takeda, 1992

閩溪蟹屬｜Minpotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

Minutomon｜Huang & Mao, 2014

南海溪蟹屬｜Nanhaipotamon｜Bott, 1968

Neilupotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

Nemoron｜Ng, 1996

- Nemoron nomas Ng, 1996

Neolarnaudia｜Türkay & Naiyanetr, 1986

新內溪蟹屬｜Neotiwaripotamon｜Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994

Ovitamon｜Ng & Takeda, 1992

Parapotamonoides｜Dai, 1990

Parapotamon｜De Man, 1907

擬川蟹屬｜Pararanguna｜Dai & G. X. Chen, 1985

小巧溪蟹屬｜Parvuspotamon｜Dai & Bo, 1994

菲氏溪蟹屬｜Phaibulamon｜Ng, 1992

- 纖足菲氏溪蟹 Phaibulamon stilipes Ng, 1992

披毛溪蟹屬｜Pilosamon｜Ng, 1996

- 吉氏披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon guinotae Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2010
- 寮國披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon laosense (Rathbun, 1904)
- 沼澤披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon palustre (Rathbun, 1904)

平甲溪蟹屬｜Planumon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 交趾平甲溪蟹 Planumon cochinchinense (De Man, 1898)

Planumon cochinchinense｜(De Man, 1898)

近溪蟹屬｜Potamiscus｜Alcock, 1909

蒲登溪蟹屬｜Pudaengon｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1995

泰語溪蟹屬｜Pupamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

黔溪蟹屬｜Qianpotamon｜Dai, 1995

- 武陵黔溪蟹 Qianpotamon wulingense Dai, 1995

正方溪蟹屬｜Quadramon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 阿波正方溪蟹 Quadramon aborense (Kemp, 1913)
- 骨山正方溪蟹 Quadramon mooleyitense (Rathbun, 1904)
- 遺忘正方溪蟹 Quadramon obliteratum (Kemp, 1913)

萊氏溪蟹屬｜Rathbunamon｜Ng, 1996

- 朱門雷萊氏溪蟹 Rathbunamon chumomrayense Do, Dang, Cao & Hoang, 2016
- 孔萊氏溪蟹 Rathbunamon lacunifer (Rathbun, 1904)

琉球蟹屬｜Ryukyum｜Ng & Shokita, 1995

- 八重山琉球蟹 Ryukyum yaeyamense (Minei, 1973)

Setosamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- Setosamon sakon Tan, Mendoza & Yeo, 2022
- Setosamon somchaii (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)
- Setosamon ubon (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)

撣邦蟹屬｜Shanphusa｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 棕撣邦蟹 Shanphusa browneana (Kemp, 1918)
- 短足撣邦蟹 Shanphusa curtobates (Kemp, 1918)
- 玉滿鄉撣邦蟹 Shanphusa ywarngan Ng & Whitten, 2017

華石蟹屬｜Sinolapotamon｜Tai & Sung, 1975

華溪蟹屬｜Sinopotamon｜Bott, 1967

柱溪蟹屬｜Stelomon｜Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2000

- Stelomon erawanense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 北碧柱溪蟹 Stelomon kanchanaburiense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 霜點柱溪蟹 Stelomon pruinosum (Alcock, 1909)
- 探洛柱溪蟹 Stelomon tharnlod Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2000
- Stelomon turgidulimanus (Alcock, 1910)

斯氏蟹屬｜Stoliczia｜Bott, 1966

來興溪蟹屬｜Takpotamon｜Brandis, 2002

- 伽氏來興溪蟹 Takpotamon galyaniae (Naiyanetr, 2001)
- 美索來興溪蟹 Takpotamon maesotense (Naiyanetr, 1992)

Tayninhon｜Dang, Tien & Tu, 2025

- Tayninhon nuibaden Dang, Tien & Tu, 2025

小石溪蟹屬｜Tenuilapotamon｜Dai et al., 1984

- 弓肢小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon inflexum Dai & Li, 1984
- 若水小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon joshuiense (Dai, Song, He, Cao, Xu & Zhong, 1975)
- 寬腹小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon latilum (Chen, 1980)

小溪蟹屬｜Tenuipotamon｜Dai, 1990

- 白水小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon baishuiense Chen, 1993
- 華寧小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon huaningense Dai & Bo, 1994
- 盤溪小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon panxiense Chen, 1993
- 紫小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon purpura Dai, 1990
- 通海小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon tonghaiense Chen, 1993
- 新平小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon xinpingense Chen, 1993

```
 * [[玉溪小溪蟹]] ''Tenuipotamon yuxiense'' Chen, 1993
```

平滑溪蟹屬｜Teretamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

地溪蟹屬｜Terrapotamon｜Ng, 1986

- 阿氏地溪蟹 Terrapotamon abbotti (Rathbun, 1898)
- 艾波地溪蟹 Terrapotamon aipooae
- 長指地溪蟹 Terrapotamon longitarsus Lheknim & Ng, 2016
- Terrapotamon palian Ng & Naiyanetr, 1998
- 菲氏地溪蟹 Terrapotamon phaibuli Leelawathanagoon, Lheknim & Ng, 2010
- 童哇地溪蟹 Terrapotamon thungwa Promdam, Yeesin & Ng, 2017

泰蟹屬｜Thaiphusa｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993，泰泉蟹屬

- 尖竹汶泰蟹 Thaiphusa chantaburiensis (Chuensri, 1973)，莊他武里泰蟹
- 皇后泰蟹 Thaiphusa sirikit (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 丹那沙林泰蟹 Thaiphusa tenasserimensis (De Man, 1898)

泰溪蟹屬｜Thaipotamon｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993

- 公主泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon chulabhorn Naiyanetr, 1993
- 丹氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon dansai Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 霍氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon holthuisi Naiyanetr & Yeo, 2010
- 隆告泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon lomkao Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 暹羅泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon siamense (A.Milne-Edwards, 1869)
- 斯氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon smitinandi (Naiyanetr & Türkay, 1984)
- 瓦氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon varoonphornae Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993

內溪蟹屬｜Tiwaripotamon｜Bott, 1970

香腸溪蟹屬｜Tomaculamon｜Yeo & Ng, 1997

- 侏儒香腸溪蟹 Tomaculamon pygmaeus Yeo & Ng, 1997
- 束腰香腸溪蟹 Tomaculamon stenixys Yeo & Ng, 1997

毛肢溪蟹屬｜Trichopotamon｜Dai & Chen, 1985

- 大理毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon daliense Dai & Chen, 1985
- 錫金毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon sikkimense (Rathbun, 1905)
- 祥雲毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon xiangyunense Naruse, Yeo & Zhou, 2008

淺胸溪蟹屬｜Vadosapotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

- 沈氏淺胸溪蟹 Vadosapotamon sheni (Dai & Chen, 1990)

越南溪蟹屬｜Vietopotamon｜Dang & Ho, 2002

- 阿雷越南溪蟹 Vietopotamon aluoiense Đăng & Hồ, 2002
- 普鑾越南溪蟹 Vietopotamon phuluangense (Bott, 1970)

絨毛溪蟹屬｜Villopotamon｜Đăng & Hồ, 2003

- Villopotamon guangdongense Dai & Tuerkay, 1997
- 囊泡蟲絨毛溪蟹 Villopotamon klossianum (Kemp, 1923)
- 圓形絨毛溪蟹 Villopotamon sphaeridium (Kemp, 1923)
- 邰氏絨毛溪蟹 Villopotamon thaii Đăng & Hồ, 2003

Xestomon｜Ng, 2021

- Xestomon tacu Ng, 2021

亞熱溪蟹屬｜Yarepotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

粵北溪蟹屬｜Yuebeipotamon｜Huang, Shih & Mao, 2016

- 灰岩粵北溪蟹 Yuebeipotamon calciatile Huang, Shih & Mao, 2016

粵西溪蟹屬｜Yuexipotamon｜Huang & Mao, 2014，為Yarepotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997的異名

## 基本資料

- 說明：Potamon fluviatile
- 學名：Potamidae
- 命名者：Ortmann, 1896
- subdivision_ranks：亞科
- 栽培群成員：見內文