芽孢桿菌屬

芽孢桿菌屬（學名：Bacillus）是芽孢桿菌科的一屬細菌，屬於革蘭氏陽性菌，包括模式生物枯草芽孢桿菌和著名的致病菌炭疽桿菌等。此屬細菌中有專性需氧菌或兼性厭氧菌，他們遍佈於各種環境，有些獨立存在亦有些會寄生於其他生物。在不適合生存的情況下，此屬細菌可以轉化為內生孢子以進入休眠狀態，此休眠狀態可以持續很久。

在芽孢桿菌屬中，其中枯草桿菌可以作為科學研究用的模式生物，還有可致病的炭疽桿菌和蠟樣芽孢桿菌。

## 發展史

根據，此為芽孢桿菌屬的系統發育。

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

Bacillus abyssalis｜You et al., 2013，異名

老鼠簕芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus acanthi｜Ma et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus acidiceler｜Peak et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus acidicola｜Albert et al., 2005

Bacillus acidinfaciens｜Sun et al., 2019，異名

Bacillus acidiproducens｜Jung et al., 2009，異名

Bacillus aciditolerans｜Ding et al., 2019，異名

Bacillus acidocaldarius｜Darland and Brock 1971，異名

Bacillus acidoterrestris｜Deinhard et al., 1988，異名

Bacillus agaradhaerens｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus agri｜(ex Laubach and Rice 1916) Nakamura 1993，異名

Bacillus aidingensis｜Xue et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus akibai｜Nogi et al., 2005，異名

白色芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus albus｜Liu et al., 2017

Bacillus alcalophilus｜Vedder 1934，異名

Bacillus algicola｜Ivanova et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus alginolyticus｜Nakamura 1987，異名

Bacillus alkalicellulosilyticus｜Liu et al. 2022

Bacillus alkalicola｜Zhai et al. 2022

Bacillus alkalidiazotrophicus｜Sorokin et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus alkalilacus｜Singh et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus alkalinitrilicus｜Sorokin et al., 2009，異名

Bacillus alkalisediminis｜Borsodi et al., 2011，異名

Bacillus alkalitelluris｜Lee et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus alkalitolerans｜Liu et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus altitudinis｜Shivaji et al., 2006

Bacillus alveayuensis｜Bae et al., 2005

Bacillus alvei｜Cheshire and Cheyne 1885，異名

解澱粉芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus amyloliquefaciens｜(ex Fukumoto 1943) Priest et al., 1987

Bacillus amylolyticus｜(ex Choukévitch 1911) Nakamura 1984，異名

Bacillus andreesenii｜Kosowski et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus aneurinilyticus｜corrig. (ex Kimura and Aoyama 1952) Shida et al., 1994，異名

Bacillus aneurinolyticus｜(ex Kimura and Aoyama 1952) Shida et al., 1994，拼寫錯誤

炭疽芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus anthracis｜Cohn, 1872，也稱炭疽桿菌

Bacillus antri｜Rao et al., 2019，異名

Bacillus aquiflavi｜Xie et al., 2020

海水芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus aquimaris｜Yoon et al., 2003，異名

Bacillus arachidis｜Chen et al., 2023

Bacillus arenosi｜Heyrman et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus arseniciselenatis｜Switzer Blum et al., 2001，也拼作Bacillus arsenicoselenatis

Bacillus arsenicus｜Shivaji et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus arvi｜Heyrman et al., 2005，異名

阿耶波多氏芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus aryabhattai｜Shivaji et al., 2009，異名

朝日芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus asahii｜Yumoto et al., 2004，異名

萎縮芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus atrophaeus｜Nakamura 1989

Bacillus aurantiacus｜Borsodi et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus australimaris｜Liu et al., 2016

Bacillus axarquiensis｜Ruiz-García et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus azotofixans｜Seldin et al., 1984，異名

Bacillus azotoformans｜(ex Pichinoty et al., 1976) Pichinoty et al., 1983，異名

Bacillus badius｜Batchelor 1919

Bacillus barbaricus｜Täubel et al., 2003，異名

巴塞爾芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus basilensis｜Muigg et al. 2024

巴達維亞芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus bataviensis｜Heyrman et al., 2004，為Neobacillus bataviensis (Heyrman et al. 2004) Patel and Gupta 2020異名

北京芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus beijingensis｜Qiu et al., 2009，為Bhargavaea beijingensis (Qiu et al. 2009) Verma et al. 2012的異名

Bacillus benzoevorans｜Pichinoty et al., 1987

白令海芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus beringensis｜Yu et al., 2012

Bacillus berkeleyi｜Nedashkovskaya et al., 2012，異名

Bacillus beveridgei｜Baesman et al., 2010，異名

兵馬俑芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus bingmayongensis｜Liu et al. 2014

Bacillus bogoriensis｜Vargas et al., 2005，為Alkalihalobacterium bogoriense (Vargas et al. 2005) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

Bacillus boroniphilus｜Ahmed et al., 2007，為Mesobacillus boroniphilus (Ahmed et al. 2007) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus borstelensis｜(ex Porter 1940) Shida et al., 1995，為Brevibacillus borstelensis (Shida et al. 1995 ex Porter 1940) Shida et al. 1996的異名

Bacillus brevis｜Migula 1900，為Brevibacillus brevis (Migula 1900) Shida et al. 1996的異名

Bacillus butanolivorans｜Kuisiene et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus cabrialesii｜de Los Santos Villalobos et al., 2019

Bacillus caeni｜Mo et al., 2020，為Pseudalkalibacillus caeni (Mo et al. 2020) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

Bacillus camelliae｜Niu et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus campisalis｜Kumar et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus canaveralius｜Newcombe et al., 2009

Bacillus capparidis｜Wang et al., 2017

Bacillus carboniphilus｜Fujita et al., 1996

Bacillus caseinilyticus｜Vishnuvardhan Reddy et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus catenulatus｜Sultanpuram et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus cavernae｜Feng et al., 2016，異名

Bacillus cecembensis｜Reddy et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus cellulosilyticus｜Nogi et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus centrosporus｜(ex Ford 1916) Nakamura 1993，異名

蠟樣芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus cereus｜Frankland and Frankland 1887

Bacillus chagannorensis｜Carrasco et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus chitinolyticus｜Kuroshima et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus chondroitinus｜Nakamura 1987，異名

Bacillus choshinensis｜Takagi et al., 1993，異名

韓中芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus chungangensis｜Cho et al., 2010

Bacillus cibi｜Yoon et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus ciccensis｜Liu et al., 2017，異名

環狀芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus circulans｜Jordan 1890，異名

Bacillus clarkii｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus clausii｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

芽孢乳酸菌｜Bacillus coagulans｜Hammer 1915，異名

Bacillus coahuilensis｜Cerritos et al., 2008

科氏芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus cohnii｜Spanka and Fritze 1993，異名

Bacillus composti｜Yang et al., 2013，為Siminovitchia composti (Yang et al. 2013) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus crassostreae｜Chen et al., 2015，為Metabacillus crassostreae (Chen et al. 2015) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus crescens｜Shivani et al., 2015，為Robertmurraya crescens (Shivani et al. 2015) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus cucumis｜Kämpfer et al., 2016，異名

Bacillus curdlanolyticus｜Kanzawa et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus cycloheptanicus｜Deinhard et al., 1988，異名

Bacillus cytotoxicus｜Guinebretière et al., 2013

Bacillus dafuensis｜Zheng et al., 2023

達里湖芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus daliensis｜Zhai et al., 2012，為Alkalicoccus daliensis(Zhai et al. 2012) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

大慶芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus daqingensis｜Wang et al. 2023

Bacillus decisifrondis｜Zhang et al., 2007

Bacillus decolorationis｜Heyrman et al., 2003，為Pseudalkalibacillus decolorationis (Heyrman et al. 2003) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

Bacillus depressus｜Wei et al., 2016，為Cytobacillus depressus (Wei et al. 2016) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus deserti｜Zhang et al., 2012，異名

Bacillus dielmoensis｜Lo et al. 2021，拼寫錯誤

Bacillus dielmonensis｜corrig. Lo et al. 2021，異名

Bacillus dipsosauri｜Lawson et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus drentensis｜Heyrman et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus ectoiniformans｜Zhu et al., 2016

Bacillus edaphicus｜Shelobolina et al., 1998，異名

Bacillus ehimensis｜Kuroshima et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus eiseniae｜Hong et al., 2012，異名

Bacillus encimensis｜Dastager et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus enclensis｜Dastager et al., 2014

Bacillus endolithicus｜Parag et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus endophyticus｜Reva et al., 2002，異名

Bacillus endoradicis｜Zhang et al., 2012，異名

Bacillus endozanthoxylicus｜Ma et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus farraginis｜Scheldeman et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus fastidiosus｜den Dooren de Jong 1929，異名

Bacillus fengqiuensis｜Zhao et al., 2014

Bacillus fermenti｜Hirota et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus filamentosus｜Sonalkar et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus firmus｜Bredemann and Werner 1933，異名

Bacillus flexus｜(ex Batchelor 1919) Priest et al., 1989，異名

Bacillus foraminis｜Tiago et al., 2006，異名

Bacillus fordii｜Scheldeman et al., 2004，異名

台灣芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus formosensis｜Lin et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus formosus｜(ex Porter 1940) Shida et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus fortis｜Scheldeman et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus fumarioli｜Logan et al., 2000，異名

蘑菇芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus fungorum｜Liu et al., 2020

Bacillus funiculus｜Ajithkumar et al., 2002，異名

Bacillus fusiformis｜(ex Meyer and Gottheil 1901) Priest et al., 1989，異名

Bacillus gaemokensis｜Jung et al. 2021

Bacillus galactophilus｜Takagi et al., 1993，為Brevibacillus agri (Nakamura 1993 ex Laubach and Rice 1916) Shida et al. 1996的異名

Bacillus galactosidilyticus｜Heyndrickx et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus galliciensis｜Balcázar et al., 2010，為Metabacillus galliciensis (Balcázar et al. 2010) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus gelatini｜De Clerck et al., 2004，為Fictibacillus gelatini (De Clerck et al. 2004) Glaeser et al. 2013的異名

Bacillus gibsonii｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus ginsengi｜Qiu et al., 2009，異名

人參芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus ginsengihumi｜Ten et al., 2007，異名

人參土芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus ginsengisoli｜Nguyen et al., 2013，異名

Bacillus glennii｜Seuylemezian et al., 2020，異名

Bacillus globisporus｜Larkin and Stokes 1967，異名

Bacillus glucanolyticus｜Alexander and Priest 1989，異名

Bacillus glycinifermentans｜Kim et al., 2015

戈壁芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus gobiensis｜Liu et al., 2016

Bacillus gordonae｜Pichinoty et al., 1987，異名

Bacillus gossypii｜Kämpfer et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus gottheilii｜Seiler et al., 2013，異名

Bacillus graminis｜Bibi et al., 2011，異名

Bacillus halmapalus｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

喜鹽噬糖芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus haloalkaliphilus｜Fritze 1996，異名

Bacillus halochares｜Pappa et al., 2010，異名

嗜鹽脫氮芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus halodenitrificans｜Denariaz et al., 1989，異名

Bacillus halodurans｜(ex Boyer et al., 1973) Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus halophilus｜Ventosa et al., 1990，異名

Bacillus halosaccharovorans｜Mehrshad et al., 2013，異名

Bacillus halotolerans｜(Delaporte and Sasson 1967) Tindall 2017

Bacillus harenae

Bacillus haynesii｜Dunlap et al., 2017

Bacillus hemicellulosilyticus｜Nogi et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus hemicentroti｜Chen et al., 2011，異名

Bacillus herbersteinensis｜Wieser et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus hisashii｜Nishida et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus hominis｜Tohya et al. 2021

Bacillus horikoshii｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus horneckiae｜Vaishampayan et al., 2010，異名

Bacillus horti｜Yumoto et al., 1998

惠州芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus huizhouensis｜Li et al., 2014，異名

土芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus humi｜Heyrman et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus hwajinpoensis｜Yoon et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus idriensis｜Ko et al., 2006，異名

Bacillus inaquosorum｜(Rooney et al., 2009) Dunlap et al., 2020

印度芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus indicus｜Suresh et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus infantis｜Ko et al., 2006

Bacillus infernus｜Boone et al., 1995

Bacillus insolitus｜Larkin and Stokes 1967，異名

Bacillus invictae｜Branquinho et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus iocasae｜Wang et al., 2017，異名

伊朗芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus iranensis｜Bagheri et al., 2012，異名

Bacillus isabeliae｜Albuquerque et al., 2008

Bacillus isronensis｜Shivaji et al., 2009，異名

Bacillus jeddahensis｜Bittar et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus jeotgali｜Yoon et al., 2001，異名

Bacillus kaustophilus｜(ex Prickett 1928) Priest et al., 1989，異名

Bacillus kexueae｜Sun et al., 2018

Bacillus kiskunsagensis｜Borsodi et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus kobensis｜Kanzawa et al., 1995，異名

科赫芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus kochii｜Seiler et al., 2012，異名

小木偶形芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus kokeshiiformis｜Poudel et al., 2014，異名

朝鮮芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus koreensis｜Lim et al., 2006，韓國芽孢杆

庫爾勒芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus korlensis｜Zhang et al., 2009，異名

膠凍樣芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus kribbensis｜Lim et al., 2007，異名

克魯氏芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus krulwichiae｜Yumoto et al., 2003，異名

Bacillus lacisalsi｜Dong et al. 2021，異名

Bacillus lacus｜Singh et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus laevolacticus｜(ex Nakayama and Yanoshi 1967) Andersch et al., 1994，異名

Bacillus larvae｜White 1906，異名

Bacillus laterosporus｜Laubach 1916，異名

Bacillus lautus｜(ex Batchelor 1919) Nakamura 1984，異名

Bacillus lehensis｜Ghosh et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus lentimorbus｜Dutky 1940，異名

Bacillus lentus｜Gibson 1935，異名

地衣芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus licheniformis｜(Weigmann 1898) Chester 1901

Bacillus ligniniphilus｜Zhu et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus lindianensis｜Dou et al., 2016，異名

Bacillus litoralis｜Yoon and Oh 2005，異名

海淀沉積物芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus litorisediminis｜Tang et al. 2023

Bacillus locisalis｜Márquez et al., 2011，為Salisediminibacterium locisalis (Márquez et al. 2011) Sultanpuram et al. 2015的異名

Bacillus loiseleuriae｜Liu et al., 2016，為Peribacillus loiseleuriae (Liu et al. 2016) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus lonarensis｜Reddy et al., 2015，為Shouchella lonarensis (Reddy et al. 2015) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

Bacillus luciferensis｜Logan et al., 2002，為Gottfriedia luciferensis (Logan et al. 2002) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus luteolus｜Shi et al., 2011，為Cytobacillus luteolus (Shi et al. 2011) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus luteus｜Subhash et al., 2014，為Alkalicoccus luteus (Subhash et al. 2014) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

泥芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus luti｜Liu et al., 2017

Bacillus lycopersici｜Lin et al., 2015，為Caldibacillus lycopersici (Lin et al. 2015) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

澳門芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus macauensis｜Zhang et al., 2006，異名

Bacillus macerans｜Schardinger 1905，異名

Bacillus macquariensis｜Marshall and Ohye 1966，異名

Bacillus macyae｜Santini et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus malacitensis｜Ruiz-García et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus malikii｜Abbas et al., 2016，異名

Bacillus mangrovi｜Gupta et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus manliponensis｜Jung et al. 2021

Bacillus mannanilyticus｜Nogi et al., 2005，為Caldalkalibacillus mannanilyticus (Nogi et al. 2005) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus manusensis｜Sun et al., 2018

Bacillus marinisedimentorum｜Guo et al., 2018

Bacillus marinus｜(Rüger and Richter 1979) Rüger 1983，為Jeotgalibacillus marinus (Rüger and Richter 1979) Yoon et al. 2010的異名

Bacillus marisflavi｜Yoon et al., 2003，為Rossellomorea marisflavi (Yoon et al. 2003) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

海洋芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus marismortui｜Arahal et al., 1999，異名

Bacillus maritimus｜Pal et al., 2017，為Mesobacillus maritimus (Pal et al. 2017) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus marmarensis｜Denizci et al., 2010，為Alkalihalophilus marmarensis (Denizci et al. 2010) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

摩洛哥芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus maroccanus｜Delaporte and Sasson 1967

馬賽芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus massiliensis｜Glazunova et al., 2006，為Ureibacillus massiliensis (Glazunova et al. 2006) Gupta and Patel 2020的異名

Bacillus massiliigabonensis｜corrig. Sarr et al. 2021，也拼作：Bacillus massiliogabonensis

Bacillus massiliigorillae｜corrig. Keita et al. 2023，也拼作：Bacillus massiliogorillae

Bacillus massiliosenegalensis｜Ramasamy et al., 2016，異名

巨大芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus megaterium｜de Bary 1884，為Priestia megaterium (de Bary 1884) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus mesonae｜Liu et al., 2014，為Neobacillus mesonae (Liu et al. 2014) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus mesophilus｜Zhou et al., 2017

Bacillus methanolicus｜Arfman et al., 1992

Bacillus methylotrophicus｜Madhaiyan et al., 2010，為Bacillus velezensis Ruiz-García et al. 2005的異名

Bacillus migulanus｜Takagi et al., 1993，為Aneurinibacillus migulanus (Takagi et al. 1993) Shida et al. 1996的異名

Bacillus miscanthi｜Shin et al., 2020，為Shouchella miscanthi (Shin et al. 2020) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

運動芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus mobilis｜Liu et al., 2017

莫哈韋芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus mojavensis｜Roberts et al., 1994

Bacillus mucilaginosus｜Avakyan et al., 1998，異名

Bacillus muralis｜Heyrman et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus murimartini｜Borchert et al., 2007，異名

蕈狀芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus mycoides｜Flügge 1886

Bacillus naganoensis｜Tomimura et al., 1990，異名

Bacillus nakamurai｜Dunlap et al., 2016

南海芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus nanhaiensis｜Chen et al., 2011，異名

Bacillus nanhaiisediminis｜Zhang et al., 2011，異名

Bacillus natronophilus｜Menes et al., 2020，異名

Bacillus ndiopicus｜Lo et al., 2017

Bacillus nealsonii｜Venkateswaran et al., 2003，異名

Bacillus neidei｜Nakamura et al., 2002，異名

Bacillus neizhouensis｜Chen et al., 2009，異名

Bacillus niabensis｜Kwon et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus niacini｜Nagel and Andreesen 1991，異名

硝酸鹽還原芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus nitratireducens｜Liu et al., 2017

諾里奇芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus norwichensis｜Pallen, 2024，種名指是英國英格蘭東部城市諾里奇（Norwich）

Bacillus notoginsengisoli｜Zhang et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus novalis｜Heyrman et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus oceani｜Song et al., 2016，異名

Bacillus oceanisediminis｜Zhang et al., 2010，異名

Bacillus odysseyi｜La Duc et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus okhensis｜Nowlan et al., 2006，異名

Bacillus okuhidensis｜Li et al., 2002，異名

Bacillus oleivorans｜Azmatunnisa et al., 2015

Bacillus oleronius｜Kuhnigk et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus onubensis｜Dominguez-Moñino et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus oryzaecorticis｜Hong et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus oryzisoli｜Zhang et al., 2016，異名

Bacillus oryziterrae｜Bao et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus oshimensis｜Yumoto et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus pabuli｜(ex Schieblich 1923) Nakamura 1984，異名

太平洋芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus pacificus｜Liu et al., 2017

巴基斯坦芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus pakistanensis｜Roohi et al., 2014

Bacillus pallidus｜Zhou et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus pallidus｜Scholz et al., 1988，異名

Bacillus panacisoli｜Choi and Cha 2014，異名

Bacillus panaciterrae｜Ten et al., 2006，異名

Bacillus pantothenticus｜Proom and Knight 1950，異名

Bacillus parabrevis｜Takagi et al., 1993，異名

Bacillus paraflexus｜Chandna et al., 2013，異名

副地衣芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus paralicheniformis｜Dunlap et al., 2015

Bacillus paramobilis｜Tohya et al. 2021

副蕈狀芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus paramycoides｜Liu et al., 2017

副炭疽芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus paranthracis｜Liu et al., 2017

Bacillus pasinlerensis｜Baltaci et al., 2020，異名

Bacillus pasteurii｜(Miquel 1889) Chester 1898，異名

巴塔哥尼亞芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus patagoniensis｜Olivera et al., 2005，為Shouchella patagoniensis (Olivera et al. 2005) Joshi et al. 2022的異名

Bacillus peoriae｜Montefusco et al., 1993，異名

Bacillus persepolensis｜Amoozegar et al., 2009，異名

Bacillus persicus｜Didari et al., 2013，為Mesobacillus persicus (Didari et al. 2013) Patel and Gupta 2020的異名

Bacillus pervagus｜Kosowski et al., 2014

耐壓芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus piezotolerans｜Yu et al., 2019，為Neobacillus piezotolerans (Yu et al. 2019) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus pinisoli｜Huang et al. 2023

Bacillus piscicola｜Daroonpunt et al., 2016

Bacillus plakortidis｜Borchert et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus pocheonensis｜Ten et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus polygoni｜Aino et al., 2008，異名

Bacillus polymachus｜Nguyen and Kim 2015，異名

Bacillus polymyxa｜(Prazmowski 1880) Macé 1889，異名

Bacillus popilliae｜Dutky 1940，異名

Bacillus populi｜Liu et al., 2018，異名

Bacillus praedii｜Liu et al., 2017，異名

解蛋白芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus proteolyticus｜Liu et al., 2017

Bacillus pseudalcaliphilus｜corrig. Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus pseudalcalophilus｜Nielsen et al., 1995，拼寫錯誤

Bacillus pseudofirmus｜Nielsen et al., 1995，異名

Bacillus pseudomycoides｜Nakamura 1998

Bacillus psychrodurans｜Abd El-Rahman et al., 2002，異名

Bacillus psychrophilus｜(ex Larkin and Stokes 1967) Nakamura 1984，異名

Bacillus psychrosaccharolyticus｜(ex Larkin and Stokes 1967) Priest et al., 1989，異名

Bacillus psychrotolerans｜Abd El-Rahman et al., 2002，為'Psychrobacillus psychrotolerans (Abd El-Rahman et al. 2002) Krishnamurthi et al. 2011的異名

Bacillus pulvifaciens｜(ex Katznelson 1950) Nakamura 1984，異名

短小芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus pumilus｜Meyer and Gottheil， 1901

Bacillus purgationiresistans｜Vaz-Moreira et al., 2012，拼寫錯誤

抗淨化芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus purgationiresistens｜Vaz-Moreira et al., 2012，異名

Bacillus pycnus｜Nakamura et al., 2002，為Rummeliibacillus pycnus (Nakamura et al. 2002) Vaishampayan et al. 2009的異名

青島芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus qingdaonensis｜Wang et al., 2007，異名

慶笙芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus qingshengii｜Xi et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus reuszeri｜Shida et al., 1995，為Brevibacillus reuszeri (Shida et al. 1995) Shida et al. 1996的異名

Bacillus rhizoplanae｜Kämpfer et al. 2022

Bacillus rhizosphaerae｜Madhaiyan et al., 2013，為慶笙普里斯特氏菌 （Priestia qingshengii (Xi et al. 2014) Gupta et al. 2020）的異名

Bacillus rigiliprofundi｜Sylvan et al., 2015，異名

Bacillus rigui｜Baik et al., 2010，異名

Bacillus ruris｜Heyndrickx et al., 2005，異名

Bacillus safensis｜Satomi et al., 2006

Bacillus saganii｜Seuylemezian et al., 2020，異名

Bacillus salacetis｜Daroonpunt et al., 2019

Bacillus salarius｜Lim et al., 2006，為Salibacterium salarium (Lim et al. 2006) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus salexigens｜Garabito et al., 1997，為Virgibacillus salexigens (Garabito et al. 1997) Heyrman et al. 2003的異名

Bacillus salidurans｜Son et al., 2019，為Ferdinandcohnia salidurans (Son et al. 2019) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus salinus｜Kang et al., 2020

Bacillus saliphilus｜Romano et al., 2005，為Alkalicoccus saliphilus (Romano et al. 2005) Zhao et al. 2017的異名

Bacillus salis｜Seck et al. 2023

Bacillus salitolerans｜Zhang et al., 2015

Bacillus salsus｜Amoozegar et al., 2013，為Litchfieldia salsa (Amoozegar et al. 2013) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus sanguinis｜Tohya et al. 2021

Bacillus schlegelii｜Schenk and Aragno 1981，異名

沉積物芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus sediminis｜Yu et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus selenatarsenatis｜Yamamura et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus selenitireducens｜Switzer Blum et al., 2001，異名

Bacillus seohaeanensis｜Lee et al., 2006

Bacillus shacheensis｜Lei et al., 2014，異名

Bacillus shackletonii｜Logan et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus shivajii｜Kumar et al., 2018

暹羅芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus siamensis｜Sumpavapol et al., 2010

Bacillus silvestris｜Rheims et al., 1999，異名

Bacillus simplex｜(ex Meyer and Gottheil 1901) Priest et al., 1989，異名

Bacillus sinesaloumensis｜Sarr et al. 2021

Bacillus siralis｜Pettersson et al., 2000，異名

Bacillus smithii｜Nakamura et al., 1988

Bacillus solani｜Liu et al., 2015，異名

土壤芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus soli｜Heyrman et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus solimangrovi｜Lee et al., 2014

Bacillus solisalsi｜Liu et al., 2009，異名

Bacillus solisilvae｜Pan et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus songklensis｜Kang et al., 2013

Bacillus sonorensis｜Palmisano et al., 2001

球形芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus sphaericus｜Meyer and Neide 1904，異名

Bacillus spizizenii｜(Nakamura et al., 1999) Dunlap et al., 2020

海綿芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus spongiae｜Lee et al., 2019

Bacillus sporothermodurans｜Pettersson et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus stamsii｜Müller et al., 2016，異名

嗜熱脂肪芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus stearothermophilus｜Donk 1920，異名

Bacillus stercoris｜(Adelskov and Patel 2017) Dunlap et al., 2020

Bacillus suaedae｜Lei et al. 2022

Bacillus suaedae｜Xu et al. 2022，異名

Bacillus suaedaesalsae｜Xu et al. 2022

Bacillus subterraneus｜Kanso et al., 2002，異名

枯草芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus subtilis｜(Ehrenberg 1835) Cohn 1872

Bacillus swezeyi｜Dunlap et al., 2017

Bacillus taeanensis｜Lim et al., 2006

台灣芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus taiwanensis｜Liu et al., 2015，為Priestia taiwanensis (Liu et al. 2015) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus tamaricis｜Zhang et al., 2018，為Evansella tamaricis (Zhang et al. 2018) Narsing Rao et al. 2022的異名

Bacillus taxi｜Tuo et al., 2020，為Niallia taxi (Tuo et al. 2020) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus tepidiphilus｜Narsing Rao et al. 2021，為Peribacillus tepidiphilus (Narsing Rao et al. 2021) Narsing Rao et al. 2023的異名

特基拉芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus tequilensis｜Gatson et al., 2006

Bacillus terrae｜Díez-Méndez et al., 2017，為Siminovitchia terrae (Díez-Méndez et al. 2017) Gupta et al. 2020的異名

Bacillus thermantarcticus｜Nicolaus et al., 2002，異名

Bacillus thermoaerophilus｜Meier-Stauffer et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus thermoamylovorans｜Combet-Blanc et al., 1995

Bacillus thermoantarcticus｜Nicolaus et al., 2002，拼寫錯誤

Bacillus thermocatenulatus｜Golovacheva et al., 1991，異名

Bacillus thermocloacae｜Demharter and Hensel 1989

Bacillus thermocloaceae｜Demharter and Hensel 1989，拼寫錯誤

Bacillus thermocopriae｜Han et al., 2013，異名

Bacillus thermodenitrificans｜(ex Klaushofer and Hollaus 1970) Manachini et al., 2000，異名

Bacillus thermoglucosidasius｜Suzuki 1984，異名

Bacillus thermolactis｜Coorevits et al., 2011，異名

Bacillus thermoleovorans｜Zarilla and Perry 1988，異名

Bacillus thermophilus｜Yang et al., 2013，異名

Bacillus thermoruber｜(ex Guicciardi et al., 1968) Manachini et al., 1985，異名

Bacillus thermosphaericus｜Andersson et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus thermotolerans｜Yang et al., 2013

Bacillus thiaminolyticus｜(ex Kuno 1951) Nakamura 1990，異名

Bacillus thioparans｜corrig. Pérez-Ibarra et al., 2007，異名

Bacillus thioparus｜Pérez-Ibarra et al., 2007，拼寫錯誤

蘇雲金芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus thuringiensis｜Berliner 1915

Bacillus tianshenii｜Jiang et al., 2014

Bacillus toyonensis｜Jiménez et al., 2014

熱帶芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus tropicus｜Liu et al., 2017

Bacillus trypoxylicola｜Aizawa et al., 2010，異名

Bacillus tusciae｜Bonjour and Aragno 1985，異名

Bacillus urbisdiaboli｜Liu et al., 2019，異名

烏魯木齊芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus urumqiensis｜Zhang et al., 2016

Bacillus validus｜(ex Bredemann and Heigener 1935) Nakamura 1984，異名

Bacillus vallismortis｜Roberts et al., 1996

Bacillus vedderi｜Agnew et al., 1996，異名

Bacillus velezensis｜Ruiz-García et al., 2005

越南芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus vietnamensis｜Noguchi et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus vini｜Ma et al., 2017，異名

Bacillus vireti｜Heyrman et al., 2004，異名

Bacillus vulcani｜Caccamo et al., 2000，異名

Bacillus wakoensis｜Nogi et al., 2005，異名

魏登施泰芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus weihenstephanensis｜Lechner et al., 1998，異名

Bacillus wiedmannii｜Miller et al., 2016

五大連池芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus wudalianchiensis｜Liu et al., 2017

武夷山芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus wuyishanensis｜Liu et al., 2015，異名

廈門芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus xiamenensis｜Lai et al., 2014

Bacillus xiaoxiensis｜Chen et al., 2011，異名

霞浦海溝芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus xiapuensis｜Liu et al., 2019

雅浦海溝芽胞桿菌｜Bacillus yapensis｜Xu et al. 2020

Bacillus zeae｜Kämpfer et al., 2017，異名

漳州芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus zhangzhouensis｜Liu et al., 2016

湛江芽孢桿菌｜Bacillus zhanjiangensis｜Chen et al., 2012，異名

## 外部連結

- Bacillus genomes and related information at PATRIC, a Bioinformatics Resource Center funded by NIAID

## 基本資料

- 說明：枯草芽孢桿菌，革蘭氏染色
- 學名：Bacillus
- 命名者：Cohn 1872
- 模式種：枯草芽孢桿菌、Bacillus subtilis
- type_species_authority：(Ehrenberg 1835) Cohn 1872
- subdivision_ranks：種
- 栽培群成員：見下文
- 異名："Pseudobacillus" Verma et al. 2019、"Quasibacillus" Verma et al. 2017、"Maribacillus" Liu et al. 2019