薊屬

薊屬（學名：Cirsium），屬於菊科，是多年生植物，至少150種，分布於北溫帶。其中較多見的為大薊，是蘇格蘭國花。學名Cirsium來源於希臘語「kirsos」。

薊屬被某些鱗翅目物種的幼蟲用作食用植物-參見以薊屬為食的鱗翅目的列表。種子對美國金翅雀等小雀科很有吸引力。

大多數物種通常根據農業利益被視為雜草。翼薊（又名歐洲薊）在美國的9個州被列為有害野草。為了美觀和/或支持授粉者，例如蝴蝶，特別是在花園和野花種植中種植了某些物種。

## 醫學用途

- 止血
- 消腫

## 下屬物種

本屬包括以下物種：

Cirsium acarna｜- Soldier Thistle

Cirsium acaule｜- Stemless Thistle, Dwarf Thistle

Cirsium altissimum｜- Roadside Thistle, Tall Thistle

Cirsium amblylepis｜- Mt. Tamalpais Thistle

Cirsium andersonii｜- Anderson's Thistle, Rose Thistle

Cirsium andrewsii｜- Franciscan Thistle

Cirsium araneans｜- Jeweled Thistle

Cirsium arcuum｜- Powderpuff Thistle

Cirsium aridum｜- Desert Thistle

Cirsium arizonicum｜- Arizona Thistle

Cirsium arvense｜- Creeping Thistle, Field Thistle, Canada Thistle

- Cirsium arvense var. argenteum
- Cirsium arvense var. integrifolium
- Cirsium arvense var. mite
- Cirsium arvense var. vestitum

Cirsium barnebyi｜- Barneby's Thistle

Cirsium brachycephalum

Cirsium brevifolium｜- Palouse Thistle

Cirsium brevistylum｜- Clustered Thistle

Cirsium calcareum｜- Cainville Thistle

Cirsium californicum｜- California Thistle

Cirsium callilepis｜- Fringebract Thistle

Cirsium campylon｜- Mount Hamilton Thistle

Cirsium canescens｜- Platte Thistle, Prairie Thistle

Cirsium canovirens｜- Graygreen Thistle

Cirsium canum｜- Queen Anne's Thistle

Cirsium carolinianum｜- Carolina Thistle, Soft Thistle

Cirsium caulescens Cirsium centaureae

Cirsium chellyense｜- Queen Thistle

Cirsium chuskaense｜- Monarch Thistle

Cirsium ciliolatum｜- Ashland Thistle

Cirsium clavatum｜- Lake Thistle

Cirsium clokeyi｜- Charleston Mountain Thistle, Whitespine Thistle

Cirsium congdonii｜- Rosette Thistle

Cirsium costaricense

Cirsium coulteri｜- Coulter’s Thistle

Cirsium crassicaule｜- Slough Thistle

Cirsium cymosum｜- Peregrine Thistle

Cirsium diacanthum

Cirsium discolor｜- Field Thistle, Pasture Thistle

Cirsium dissectum｜- Meadow Thistle

Cirsium douglasii

Cirsium drummondii｜- Dwarf Thistle

Cirsium durangense

Cirsium eatonii｜- Eaton's Thistle

Cirsium edule｜- Edible Thistle

Cirsium engelmannii｜- Engelmann Thistle, Engelmann's Thistle

Cirsium eriophorum｜- Woolly Thistle

Cirsium erisithales｜- Yellow Melancholy Thistle

Cirsium esculentum

Cirsium flodmanii｜- Flodman Thistle, Flodman's Thistle

Cirsium foliosum｜- Drummond's Thistle, Elk Thistle, Leafy Thistle, Meadow Thistle

Cirsium fontinale｜- Fountain Thistle

Cirsium gilense｜- Gila Thistle

Cirsium grahamii｜- Graham's Thistle

Cirsium griseum｜- Gray Thistle

Cirsium hallii｜- Hall's Thistle

Cirsium helenioides｜- Melancholy Thistle, Common Melancholy Thistle

Cirsium heterophyllum｜- Melancholy Thistle

Cirsium hillii｜- Hill's Thistle

Cirsium hookerianum｜- White Thistle

Cirsium horridulum｜- Yellow Thistle

Cirsium humboldtense｜- Humboldt County Thistle

Cirsium hydrophilum｜- Suisun Thistle

Cirsium hypoleucum

Cirsium inornatum｜- Cloudcroft Thistle

南國小薊｜Cirsium japonicum

Cirsium kamtschaticum｜- Kamchatka Thistle

玉山薊｜Cirsium kawakamii｜- Yushan Thistle

Cirsium lanatum｜- Hairy Thistle

Cirsium laterifolium｜- Porcupine Thistle

Cirsium lecontei｜- Le Conte's Thistle

Cirsium leo Cirsium libanoticum

Cirsium loncholepis｜- LaGraciosa Thistle

Cirsium longistylum｜- Longstyle Thistle

Cirsium maritimum

Cirsium mendocinum｜- Mendocino Thistle

Cirsium mexicanum｜- Mexican Thistle

Cirsium modestum｜- Lacy Thistle

Cirsium mohavense｜- Mojave Thistle

Cirsium murdockii｜- Murdock's Thistle

Cirsium muticum｜- Swamp Thistle

Cirsium navajoense｜- Navajo Thistle

Cirsium neomexicanum｜- Lavender Thistle, New Mexico Thistle

Cirsium nipponicum

Cirsium nuttallii｜- Nuttall's Thistle

Cirsium occidentale｜-Cobweb Thistle

Cirsium ochrocentrum｜- Yellowspine Thistle

Cirsium oleraceum｜- Cabbage thistle

Cirsium olivescens｜- Summer Thistle

Cirsium oreophilum｜- Crow Thistle

Cirsium osterhoutii｜- Osterhout's Thistle

Cirsium ownbeyi｜- Ownbey's Thistle

Cirsium pallidum｜- Pale Thistle

沼生垂頭薊｜Cirsium paludigenum｜Y. F. Lu, Z. H. Chen et X. F. Jin

Cirsium palustre｜- Marsh thistle, European Swamp Thistle

Cirsium parryi｜- Parry's Thistle

Cirsium pastoris｜- Snowy Thistle

Cirsium peckii｜- Steen Mountain Thistle

Cirsium pendulum

Cirsium perplexans｜- Rocky Mountain Thistle

Cirsium pitcheri｜- Pitcher's Thistle, Sand Dune Thistle

Cirsium praeteriens｜- Palo Alto Thistle, Lost Thistle

Cirsium proteanum｜- Red Thistle

Cirsium pulcherrimum｜- Wyoming Thistle

Cirsium pumilum｜- Pasture Thistle

Cirsium pyrenaicum

Cirsium quercetorum｜- Alameda County Thistle

Cirsium remotifolium｜- Fewleaf Thistle

- Cirsium remotifolium var. remotifolium - Fewleaf Thistle

Cirsium repandum｜- Sandhill Thistle

Cirsium rhaphilepis

Cirsium rhothophilum｜- Surf Thistle

Cirsium rivulare

Cirsium rothrockii｜- Rothrock's Thistle

Cirsium rusbyi｜- Rusby's Thistle

Cirsium rydbergii｜- Rydberg's Thistle

Cirsium scabrum｜- Rough Thistle

Cirsium scapanolepis｜- Mountain Slope Thistle

Cirsium scariosum｜- Meadow Thistle

Cirsium scopulorum｜- Mountain Thistle

Cirsium segetum Cirsium serrulatum Cirsium spinosissimum

Cirsium subniveum｜- Gray Thistle, Jackson Hole Thistle

臺灣薊｜Cirsium taiwanense｜Y.H.Tseng & Chih Y.Chang

Cirsium tanakae

Cirsium tatakaense｜Y.H.Tseng & C.Y.Chang

Cirsium texanum｜Buckley, 1862 - Texas Thistle

Cirsium tioganum｜(Congdon) Petr., 1917 - Stemless Thistle

Cirsium tuberosum｜(L.) All., 1785 - Tuberous Thistle. 類似於Cirsium dissectum (Meadow Thistle).

Cirsium tukuhnikivatzicum｜Ackerf.

Cirsium turneri｜- Cliff Thistle

Cirsium undulatum｜- Gray Thistle, Wavy-leaf Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle

- Cirsium undulatum var. tracyi - Tracy's Thistle, Wavyleaf Thistle
- Cirsium undulatum var. undulatum - Wavyleaf Thistle

Cirsium validus｜- Graceful Thistle

Cirsium vernale｜- Spring Thistle

Cirsium vinaceum｜- Sacramento Mountain Thistle, Sacramento Mountains Thistle

Cirsium virginense｜- Virgin Thistle

Cirsium virginianum｜- Virginia Thistle

翼薊｜Cirsium vulgare｜- Bull Thistle, Spear Thistle, Common Thistle, Fuller's Thistle (異名：C. lanceolatum )

Cirsium wheeleri｜- Wheeler's Thistle

Cirsium wrightii｜- Wright's Thistle

Cirsium yezoense｜(Maxim.) Makino

浙江垂頭薊｜Cirsium zhejiangense｜Z. H．Chen et X. Jin

雜交種：

Cirsium × canalense｜- Canal Thistle

Cirsium × crassum｜- Thistle

Cirsium × erosum｜- Glory Thistle

Cirsium × iowense｜- Iowa Thistle

Cirsium × vancouverense｜- Vancouver Thistle

## 基本資料

- 說明：翼薊 Cirsium vulgare
- 學名：Cirsium
- 命名者：Mill., 1754
- subdivision_ranks：種
- 栽培群成員：約200種，參見本文。