碲的同位素

碲（原子量：127.60(3)）有39種同位素與17種同核異構體，原子量介於104至142。其中，有八種同位素（120Te、122Te、123Te、124Te、125Te、126Te、128Te、130Te）存在於自然界。128Te和130Te有放射性，但半衰期都極長，分別為2.2524年和7.9120年。碲最長壽的人造同位素則是半衰期19.31天的121Te，但諸如121mTe（半衰期164.7天）的同核異構體有更長的半衰期。

放射性同位素128Te和130Te是碲最常見的兩種同位素。碲與銦、錸一樣都是放射性同位素的豐度比穩定同位素的豐度大的例子。

有團隊報告稱已發現123Te的電子捕獲，但他們之後的測量結果否認了這點。123Te的半衰期至少為9.216年。

## 圖表

104Te

<18 ns

α

100Sn

0+

105Te

104.94364(54)#

620(70) ns

α

101Sn

5/2+#

106Te

105.93750(14)

70(20) µs70(+20-10) µs

α

102Sn

0+

α (70%)

103Sn

β+ (30%)

107Sb

β+ (51%)

108Sb

α (49%)

104Sn

β+, p (2.4%)

107Sn

β+, α (.065%)

104In

β+ (86.99%)

109Sb

β+, p (9.4%)

108Sn

α (7.9%)

105Sn

β+, α (.005%)

105In

β+ (99.99%)

110Sb

β+, p (.003%)

109Sn

β+

111Sb

β+, p （不常見）

110Sn

112Te

111.91701(18)

2.0(2) min

β+

112Sb

0+

113Te

112.91589(3)

1.7(2) min

β+

113Sb

(7/2+)

114Te

113.91209(3)

15.2(7) min

β+

114Sb

0+

115Te

114.91190(3)

5.8(2) min

β+

115Sb

7/2+

β+

115Sb

IT

115Te

7.5(2) µs

11/2-

116Te

115.90846(3)

2.49(4) h

β+

116Sb

0+

117Te

116.908645(14)

62(2) min

β+

117Sb

1/2+

103(3) ms

IT

117Te

(11/2-)

118Te

117.905828(16)

6.00(2) d

EC

118Sb

0+

119Te

118.906404(9)

16.05(5) h

β+

119Sb

1/2+

β+ (99.99%)

119Sb

IT (.008%)

119Te

120Te

119.90402(1)

觀測上穩定

0+

9(1)×10−4

121Te

120.904936(28)

19.16(5) d

β+

121Sb

1/2+

IT (88.6%)

121Te

β+ (11.4%)

121Sb

122Te

121.9030439(16)

Stable

0+

0.0255(12)

123Te

122.9042700(16)

觀測上穩定

1/2+

0.0089(3)

119.2(1) d

IT

123Te

11/2-

124Te

123.9028179(16)

Stable

0+

0.0474(14)

125Te

124.9044307(16)

Stable

1/2+

0.0707(15)

57.40(15) d

IT

125Te

11/2-

126Te

125.9033117(16)

Stable

0+

0.1884(25)

127Te

126.9052263(16)

9.35(7) h

β-

127I

3/2+

IT (97.6%)

127Te

β- (2.4%)

127I

128Te

127.9044631(19)

2.2(3)×1024 a

β-β-

128Xe

0+

0.3174(8)

370(30) ns

10+

129Te

128.9065982(19)

69.6(3) min

β-

129I

3/2+

33.6(1) d

11/2-

130Te

129.9062244(21)

790(100)×1018 a

β-β-

130Xe

0+

0.3408(62)

115(8) ns

(7)-

1.90(8) µs

(10+)

261(33) ns

131Te

130.9085239(21)

25.0(1) min

β-

131I

3/2+

β- (77.8%)

131I

IT (22.2%)

131Te

132Te

131.908553(7)

3.204(13) d

β-

132I

0+

133Te

132.910955(26)

12.5(3) min

β-

133I

(3/2+)

β- (82.5%)

133I

IT (17.5%)

133Te

134Te

133.911369(11)

41.8(8) min

β-

134I

0+

164.1(9) ns

6+

135Te

134.91645(10)

19.0(2) s

β-

135I

(7/2-)

510(20) ns

(19/2-)

β- (98.7%)

136I

β-, n (1.3%)

135I

β- (97.01%)

137I

β-, n (2.99%)

136I

β- (93.7%)

138I

β-, n (6.3%)

137I

β-

139I

β-, n

138I

β-

140I

β-, n

139I

β-

141I

β-, n

140I

142Te

141.94908(64)#

50 ms>300 ns#

β-

142I

0+

## 參考文獻

- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

## 基本資料

- infobox_name：tellurium
- 貨幣符號：Te
- 日語原文：碲
- standard atomic weight：127.60(3)