医学缩写词列表

以下为医学领域中常使用的一些缩写词列表。

## A

- A1C, hemoglobin A1c – 糖化血红蛋白
- ABG, arterial blood gas – 动脉血气分析
- ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme – 血管紧张素转换酶
- ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone – 促肾上腺皮质激素
- ADC, antibody-drug conjugate – Q1069596
- AFVSS, Afebrile – vital signs stable – 无发热，生命体征稳定
- ADH, antidiuretic hormone – 抗利尿激素
- AED, automated external defibrillator – 自动体外除颤器
- AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome – 获得性免疫缺陷综合征
- ALP, alkaline phosphatase – 碱性磷酸酶
- ALT, alanine aminotransferase – 丙氨酸氨基转移酶
- ASA, acetylsalicylic acid – 乙酰水杨酸
- AST, aspartate aminotransferase – 天冬氨酸氨基转移酶
- ATP, adenosine triphosphate – 三磷酸腺苷

## B

- BCG, bacille Calmette-Guérin – 卡介苗
- "bd, bid" – 2 times a day – 每日两次
- BIBA, brought in by ambulance – 由救护车送来
- "BIBP, BIBPD" – brought in by police – 由警察送来
- BLS, basic life support – 基本救命术
- BMI, Body Mass Index – 身体质量指数
- BMR, basal metabolic rate – 基础代谢率
- BP, blood pressure – 血压
- BPAD, bipolar affective disorder – 双相情感障碍
- BPD, borderline personality disorder – 边缘型人格障碍
- BSA, body surface area – 体表面积
- BR, bedside rounds – 床边查房
- BUN, blood urea nitrogen – 血尿素氮

## C

- C, Celsius; centigrade; complement – 摄氏度；百米；补体
- Ca, calcium – 钙
- "CAMP, cAMP" – cyclic adenosine monophosphate – 环腺苷酸
- CBC, complete blood count – 全血细胞计数
- CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention – 美国疾病控制与预防中心
- cGy, centigray – 厘格
- Ci, curie – 居里 (单位)
- CK, creatine kinase – 肌酸激酶
- Cl, chloride; chlorine – 氯化物；氯
- cm, centimeter(s)/centimetre(s) – 厘米
- CNS, central nervous system – 中枢神经系统
- CO2, carbon dioxide – 二氧化碳
- COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease – 慢性阻塞性肺疾病
- CPK, creatine phosphokinase – 肌酸激酶
- CPK-MB, creatine phosphokinase muscle bandisoenzyme – 肌酸磷酸激酶肌型同工酶
- CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation – 心肺复苏
- CSF, cerebrospinal fluid – 脑脊液
- CT, computed tomography – 计算机断层扫描
- Cu, cubic – 立方

## D

- D & C, dilation and curettage – 扩张与刮宫术
- dL, deciliter(s)/decilitre(s) – 分升（dl）
- DNA, deoxyribonucleic acid – 脱氧核糖核酸
- DTP, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis(toxoids/vaccine) – 白喉-破伤风-百日咳（类毒素/疫苗）
- D/W, dextrose in water – 葡萄糖水溶液

## E

- ECF, extracellular fluid – 细胞外液
- ECG, electrocardiogram – 心电图
- EEG, electroencephalogram – 脑电图
- EGD, esophagogastroduodenoscopy – 上消化道内视镜
- ENT, ear nose and throat – 耳鼻喉科
- ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography – 内镜逆行胰胆管造影
- ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate – 红细胞沉降率

## F

- F, Fahrenheit – 华氏
- FDA, U.S. Food and Drug Administration – 美国食品药品监督管理局
- Ft, foot; feet – 脚；双脚
- FUO, fever of unknown origin – 原因不明发热

## G

- G, g – gram(s) – 克
- GFR, glomerular filtration rate – 肾小球滤过率
- GI, gastrointestinal – 消化道
- GVHD, graft-versus-host disease – 移植物抗宿主病
- G6PD, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase – 葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶
- GU, genitourinary – 泌尿生殖
- Gy, gray – 灰

## H

- H, h, hr, hour(s) – 小时
- Hb, hemoglobin – 血红蛋白
- HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c – 糖化血红蛋白
- hCG, Human chorionic gonadotropin – 人绒毛膜促性腺激素
- HCl, hydrochloric acid; hydrochloride – 盐酸；盐酸盐
- HCO3, bicarbonate – 碳酸氢盐
- Hct, hematocrit – 血细胞比容
- HDL, high-density lipoprotein – 高密度脂蛋白
- Hg, mercury – 汞
- HIPAA, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act – 健康保险便利和责任法案
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus – 人类免疫缺陷病毒
- HLA, human leukocyte antigen – 人类白细胞抗原
- HMG-CoA, hydroxymethyl glutaryl coenzyme A – 羟甲基谷氨酰辅酶A
- hs, at bedtime – 睡前
- Hz, hertz – 赫兹

## I

- ICF, intracellular fluid – 细胞内液
- ICU, intensive care unit – 重症监护室
- IgA, etc. immunoglobulin A – 免疫球蛋白A
- IL, interleukin – 白细胞介素
- IM, intramuscular(ly) – 肌肉注射
- INR, international normalized ratio – 国际标准化比值
- IPPB, intermittent positive pressure breathing – 间歇正压通气
- IU, international unit – 国际单位
- IV, intravenous(ly) – 静脉注射
- IVU, intravenous urography – 静脉尿路造影

## K

- K, potassium – 钾
- kcal, kilocalorie(s) – 千卡
- kg, kilogram(s) – 千克

## L

- L, liter(s)/litre(s) – 升
- lb, pound(s) – 磅
- LDH, lactic dehydrogenase – 乳酸脱氢酶
- LDL, low-density lipoprotein – 低密度脂蛋白
- LDLc, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol – 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇

## M

- M, molar – 摩尔 (单位)
- m, meter(s)/metre(s) – 米
- mane, in the morning – 早上
- mc, micro- – 微
- MCH, mean corpuscular hemoglobin – 平均红细胞血红蛋白含量
- MCHC, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration – 平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度
- mCi, millicurie – 毫居里
- MCV, mean corpuscular volume – 平均红细胞体积
- mEq, Milliequivalent – 毫当量
- midi, midday – 中午
- Mg, magnesium – 镁
- mg, milligram(s) – 毫克
- MI, myocardial infarction – 心肌梗死
- MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration – 最小抑菌浓度
- min(s), minute(s) – 分钟
- mIU, milli-international unit – 毫国际单位
- "mL, ml" – milliliter(s)/millilitre(s) – 毫升
- mm, millimeter(s)/millimetre(s) – 毫米
- mmol, millimole(s) – 毫摩尔
- mo, month – 月
- mol, wt molecular weight – 分子量
- mOsm, milliosmole(s) – 毫摩尔
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging – 磁共振成像

## N

- N, nitrogen; normal – 氮；正常
- Na, sodium – 钠
- NaCl, sodium chloride – 氯化钠
- NAEON, no adverse events overnight– 夜间无不良事件
- ng, nanogram – 纳克
- nm, nanometer – 纳米
- nmol, nanomole – 纳摩尔
- nocte, at night – 夜间
- Npo, nothing by mouth/nil by mouth – 禁食/禁饮
- NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug – 非甾体抗炎药

## O

- O2, oxygen – 氧
- OTC, over-the-counter – 非处方药
- oz, ounce(s) – 盎司

## P

- P, phosphorus; pressure – 磷；压力
- PAco2, alveolar carbon dioxide partial pressure – 肺泡二氧化碳分压
- Paco2, arterial carbon dioxide partial pressure – 动脉二氧化碳分压
- PAo2, alveolar oxygen partial pressure – 肺泡氧分压
- Pao2, arterial oxygen partial pressure – 动脉氧分压
- PAS, periodic acid-Schiff – PAS染色法
- Pco2, carbon dioxide partial pressure – 二氧化碳分压
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction – 聚合酶链反应
- PET, positron emission tomography – 正电子发射断层扫描
- pg, picogram(s) – 皮克
- pH, hydrogen ion concentration – 氢离子浓度
- PMN, polymorphonuclear leukocyte – 粒细胞
- po, orally – 口服
- Po2, oxygen partial pressure – 氧分压
- PPD, purified protein derivative – 结核菌素试验
- ppm, parts per million – 百万分之一
- prn, as needed – 按需
- PT, prothrombin time; physical therapy – 凝血酶原时间; 物理治疗
- PTT, partial thromboplastin time – 部分凝血活酶时间

## Q

- q, every – 每次
- qid, 4 times a day – 每天4次

## R

- RA, rheumatoid arthritis – 类风湿性关节炎
- RBC, red blood cell – 红细胞
- RNA, ribonucleic acid – 核糖核酸

## S

- Sao2, arterial oxygen saturation – 动脉氧饱和度
- SBE, subacute bacterial endocarditis – 亚急性细菌性心内膜炎
- sc, subcutaneous(ly) – 皮下注射
- s/e, side-effect(s) – 副作用
- SI, International System of Units – 国际单位制
- SIDS, sudden infant death syndrome – 婴儿猝死综合征
- SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus – 系统性红斑狼疮
- soln, solution – 溶液
- sp, species – 物种
- spp, species – 物种
- sp gr, specific gravity – 比重
- sq, square – 平方
- SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor – 选择性血清素再摄取抑制剂
- STS, serologic test(s) for syphilis – 梅毒血清学检测

## T

- T&A, tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy – 扁桃体切除术和腺样体切除术
- TB, tuberculosis – 结核病
- tds, 3 times a day – 每天3次
- TIBC, total iron-binding capacity – 总铁结合能力
- tid, 3 times a day – 每天3次
- TPN, total parenteral nutrition – 全静脉营养

## U

- URI, upper respiratory infection – 上呼吸道感染
- URTI, upper respiratory tract infection – 上呼吸道感染
- UTI, urinary tract infection – 尿路感染

## W

- WBC, white blood cell – 白细胞
- WHO, World Health Organization – 世界卫生组织
- WR, ward round – 病房查房
- wt, weight – 体重

## !$@

- μ, micro-; micron – 微-；微米
- μCi, microcurie – 微居里
- μg, microgram(s) – 微克
- μL, microliter(s)/microlitre(s) – 微升/微升
- μm, micrometer(s)/micrometre(s) – 微米/微米