巴拉库马兰

巴拉库马兰（பாலகுமாரன்，1946年7月5日－2018年5月15日）是一位印度泰米尔作家，著有200多部小说、100篇短篇故事，并为23部电影撰写过台词剧本。巴拉库马兰同时为、和等泰米尔期刊撰稿。巴拉库马兰作为泰米尔电影的对白作家，他创作的著名作品包括、和。

## 生平

巴拉库马兰于1946年7月5日出生于坦贾武尔县蒂鲁卡图帕利附近的帕扎马尔内里村庄，后来与卡玛拉和桑塔结婚，育有两名子女——戈里和文卡塔拉曼（又名苏里亚）。巴拉库马兰是印度神秘主义者约吉·拉姆苏拉特库马尔的弟子。

巴拉库马兰幼年深受母亲的启发。他的母亲是一位精通梵文的泰米尔学者，每当他情绪低落时，母亲都会用桑格姆文学和其他古代文学的诗句来激励他。这使他对泰米尔文学产生浓厚的兴趣，并对其充满热情。尽管由于学习成绩（尤其是数学）平庸，他与父亲的关系不佳，但在母亲的支持下，仍然对文学保持着浓厚的兴趣。在卫斯理高中完成学业后，他加入了金奈的TAFE拖拉机公司。但是，出于对文学的渴望，他辞去拖拉机公司的工作，首先开始创作诗歌，并逐渐转向短篇故事和长篇小说。他曾在凯拉萨姆·巴拉钱德团队的三部电影中担任助理导演，还与克里希纳斯瓦米·巴加亚拉吉合作拍摄一些电影。后来，他在巴加亚拉吉的监督下执导电影。

2018年5月15日，巴拉库马兰因长期患病，在一家私立医院中过世，享年71岁。

## 文学风格

Balakumaran's works majorly revolved around woman with great empathy. In his stories, women were not merely gendered cardboard cutouts but fully sentient individuals, with bodies, dreams, desires, yearnings and frustrations. This "legitimisation" of female existence earned him succeeding generations of devoted women readers who resonated with the female characters in his fiction. In an interview, he said that during his initial days in Chennai he spent his life amidst such people. This prompted him to develop a liking for them. Balakumaran had the habit of experiencing characters by himself when writing a book. For instance, In 'Udayar' novel, he had traveled many places where Raja Raja Cholan visited in order to bring closeness towards the novel. Also, he traveled in trucks to longer distance for his 'Irumbu Kuthirai' (Iron horse) novel. In an interview given to The Times of India, he said that after reading Kalki Krishnamurthy's novel Ponniyin Selvan he wondered why it was needed to write a fictional account of the Cholas when there was enough to write about the facts there. "The Raja Raja Chola of Kalki was a different person. He hadn't become the king yet. The Thanjai temple wasn't even in the picture. I went to the Thanjavur district and visited Pallipadai, dedicated to Panchavan Madevi. She was an anukkiyar, a category that is apart from the queens and concubines. She was a friend of Raja Raja Chola I. If you look at the paintings there, each face is unique. Whoever did it, has worked on it with real faces. I did a lot of research for my novel Gangaikonda Chozhan also. But I felt I did that work, visiting those places as a tourist. Udaiyar, a six-part novel, gave me satisfaction as a writer."

## 创作作品

### 小说

- Udayar
- Mercury Pookkal
- Irumbhu Kudhiraigal
- Krishna Arjunan
- Thayumanavan
- Agalya
- Kai Veesamma Kai Veesu
- Endrendrum Anbudan
- Udayar (novel)
- Shenbagathottam
- Pani Vizhum Malar Vanam
- Kadal neelam
- Naan Enna Solli Vittaen
- Kadarpaalam
- Pey Karumbu (on Pattinathaar Swamigal)
- Simmasanam (on Kumara Guruparar Swamigal)
- Thangakkai (on Seshadiri Swamigal of Thiruvannamalai)
- Guru (on Bhagawan Sri Yogi Ram Suratkumar of Thiruvannamalai)
- Nigumbalai
- Kadalora Kuruvigal
- Karaiyora Mudhalaigal
- Payanigal Kavanikkavum
- Thunai
- Meettadha Veenai
- Vetrilai Kodi
- Manja Kaani
- Karnanin Kathai
- Shakthi
- KatruKondal Kutramillai
- En Manathu Thamaraippoo
- Kalyana Murungai
- Peria Puranak Kathaigal
- Kannaadi Koburangal
- Kadigai
- Ramayanam
- Ammavum 10 Katturaigalum
- Manam Uruguthey
- Appam Vadai Thayirsatham
- Ithuthaan Vayathu Kathalikka
- Snegamulla Singam
- Yeno Theriavillai
- kathal Aragam
- Neli Mothiram
- Ean Mathil Tamarai Poo
- Kathalperuman (On Arunagirinathar)
- Vilvamaram
- Marakal
- idharkuth Thane Aasaippattaay Balakumara
- Thalaiyanai Pookkal
- En Kanmani Thamarai (On Abirami Bhattar)
- Thozhan
- Gangai Konda Cholan
- Avani
- Idhu Pothum
- Mahabharatham
- 333 Ammaiyappan Theru
- Kanne Vanna Pasungiliye
- Brindhavanam (On Shri Ragavendra Swamigal)

### 电影

巴拉库马兰对电影的贡献主要体现在剧本创作和对白写作方面，精心设计对白的技巧在科莱坞备受瞩目，他在和中撰写的对白，至今仍广受欢迎且被广泛使用。巴拉库马兰认为设计电影对白，是一种将他从中下阶层提升到中上阶层的手段。

巴拉库马兰的一些小说作品的名字，在泰米尔电影中被用作电影标题，例如：、等，这些都是他备受瞩目的例子。1988年，他执导克里希纳斯瓦米·巴加亚拉吉主演的电影。

巴拉库马兰参与制作的电影包括：

- (1987)
- (1991)
- Shenbagathottam (1991)
- (1993)
- (1994)
- Kizhakku Malai (1995)
- (1995)
- (1995)
- (1996)
- Ullaasam (1997)
- (1998)
- (1998)
- (2000)
- (2000)
- (2001)
- (2001)
- (2003)
- (2004)
- (2004)
- (2004)
- (2006)
- (2006)

## 获奖

- 文学奖项
- 《Irumbu Kudhiraigal》获得拉贾安纳马莱·切蒂亚尔爵士信托奖（Raja Sir Annamalai Chettiyar Trust Awards）
- 《Mercury Pookal》获得文学思想奖（Illakkiya Sindhanai Awards）
- 《Kadarpalam》获得国家奖（二等奖）（短篇小说集）
- 《Sugajeevanam》获得国家奖（一级奖）（短篇小说集）
- 电影奖项
- 《Guna》获得电影快车奖（Cinema Express Award）
- 《Kaadalan》获得泰米尔纳德邦电影奖最佳对话作家
- 其他
- 荣获“Sindhanai Chemmal”称号（来自Lions Club Madras）
- 泰米尔纳德邦政府颁发卡拉伊马马尼奖（Kalaimaamani Award）

## 基本资料

- 原文名：பாலகுமாரன்、Balakumaran
- 出生日期：1946年7月5日
- 出生地：印度泰米尔纳德邦坦贾武尔蒂鲁卡图帕利帕扎马尔内里
- 逝世日期：2018年5月15日
- 逝世地：印度泰米尔纳德邦金奈
- 职业：对白作家、小说家
- 国籍：印度
- 配偶：卡玛拉、尚塔
- 子女：戈里、苏里亚