亚历山大·阿加西兹勋章

亚历山大·阿加西兹勋章（Alexander Agassiz Medal）由美国国家科学院每三年颁发一次，以表彰受奖者在海洋学领域的杰出贡献。它由约翰·默里爵士于1911年创立，以纪念他的朋友亚历山大·阿加西兹。

## 受奖者

来源：美国国家科学院

年度｜得主｜得奖原因｜备注

1913年｜约翰·霍杰特Johan Hjort

1918年｜阿尔贝一世Albert I, Prince of Monaco｜"For his original contributions to the science of oceanography."“因他对海洋学的独创性贡献”

1920年｜查尔斯·西格斯比Charles D. Sigsbee

1924年｜奥托·佩特森Otto S. Pettersson｜"For his studies on the chemistry and physics of the sea."“因他对海洋化学和海洋物理学的研究”

1926年｜威廉·比耶克尼斯Wilhelm Bjerknes｜"For his outstanding contributions to dynamic oceanography."“因他对动态海洋学的杰出贡献”

1927年｜马克斯·伟伯Max Weber｜"For his distinguished research in the field of oceanography."“因他他在海洋学领域的杰出研究”

1928年｜沃恩·华费特·艾克曼Vagn Walfrid Ekman｜"For his work in physical oceanography."“因他在物理海洋学方面的工作”

1929年｜约翰·斯坦利·加德纳J. Stanley Gardiner｜"For his contributions to oceanography."“因他对海洋学的贡献”

1930年｜恩斯特·施密特Ernst Johannes Schmidt｜"For his conduct of numerous oceanographic expeditions, his investigations of the life of eels, and the investigations of numerous problems connected with fishes, among which may be mentioned his work on fish genetics and geographic variation."“因他进行的众多海洋探险，对鳗鱼生活的调查以及对与鱼类有关的众多问题的调查，其中可以提及他在鱼类遗传学和地理变异方面的工作”

1931年｜亨利·布莱恩特·比奇洛Henry B. Bigelow

1932年｜阿尔伯特·迪芬Albert Defant｜"For his studies on atmospheric and oceanic circulation and his notable contributions to theoretical oceanography."“感谢他对大气和海洋环流的研究，以及他对理论海洋学的杰出贡献”

1933年｜比昂·海兰德·汉森Bjørn Helland-Hansen｜"For his studies in physical oceanography and especially for his contributions to knowledge of the dynamic circulation of the ocean."“因为他在海洋物理学方面的研究，尤其是他对海洋动态循环知识的贡献”

1934年｜Haakon H. Gran｜"For his contributions to knowledge of the factors controlling organic production in the sea."“感谢他对海洋中控制有机物生产的因素的知识上的贡献”

1935年｜T·伟兰·沃恩T. Wayland Vaughan｜"For his investigations of corals, foraminifer, and submarine deposits, and for his leadership in developing oceanographic activities on the Pacific coast of America."

1936年｜马丁·克努森Martin Knudsen

1937年｜埃德加·艾伦Edgar J. Allen

1938年｜哈拉尔德·斯维德鲁普Harald U. Sverdrup

1939年｜弗兰克·拉特雷·利利Frank R. Lillie

1942年｜哥伦布·伊瑟林二世Columbus Iselin II｜"For his studies of the Gulf stream system, for his leadership in the development of a general program of the physical oceanography of the North Atlantic, and for his distinctive direction of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution both in times of peace and war."

1946年｜约瑟夫·普罗德曼Joseph Proudman｜"For his distinguished studies of the tides of the world."

1947年｜菲利克斯·维宁·梅内斯Felix A. Vening Meinesz｜"For his contributions to oceanography, particularly by his invention of an apparatus for the determination of gravity at sea, by making many measurements of gravity over each of the great oceans, and by the utilization of these observations in interpreting the physical properties and behavior of the Earth's crust."

1948年｜汤玛斯·汤普森Thomas G. Thompson｜"For his leadership in investigations of the complex chemistry of the ocean, with special attention to the waters of the north-east Pacific, Puget Sound, and San Juan Archipelago, and the Bering and Chukchi Seas."

1951年｜哈里·马尔默Harry A. Marmer｜"For his distinguished contributions in tidal surveys. His projects have made available to oceanographers accurate, long-period records for large areas where previously very little observational data were available. The program and work which he has originated ultimately will produce reliable conclusions on present-day tectonic processes and the rate of change in the quantity of water in the ocean."

1952年｜H·W·哈维H. W. Harvey

1954年｜莫里斯·尤因Maurice Ewing

1955年｜阿尔弗雷德·C·雷德菲尔德Alfred C. Redfield

1959年｜马丁·W·约翰逊Martin W. Johnson｜"For his outstanding leadership in biological and general oceanography. Among Dr. Johnson's contributions are explanations for two newly discovered acoustic phenomena in the sea. These explanations brought biologist and physicists together in a common interest, and introduced underwater acoustics as a prime tool for marine ecology."

1960年｜安东·布鲁恩Anton F. Bruun｜"For his leadership in the study of the biology of the deep ocean."

1962年｜乔治·E·R·丹森George E. R. Deacon｜"For his investigations of the hydrography of the southern ocean."

1963年｜Roger R. Revelle｜"For his contributions to the understanding of oceanic processes and the geology of the sea floor, and through his research, to the advancement of scientific oceanography throughout the world."

1965年｜爱德华·布勒德爵士Sir Edward Bullard｜"For his significant investigations of the earth from its surface to its core."“因他从地表到地核对地球进行了重要的研究”

1966年｜卡尔·H·埃卡特Carl H. Eckart｜"For his significant contributions to physical oceanography."“感谢他对物理海洋学的重大贡献”

1969年｜弗雷德里克·C·富格斯特Frederick C. Fuglister｜"For his stimulating and successful observations of the Gulf Stream and its vortices."

1972年｜上田圣矢Seiya Uyeda｜"For his contributions to the tectonic and thermal history of the earth and, most notably, the Sea of Japan."

1973年｜约翰·斯蒂尔John H. Steele

1976年｜沃尔特·芒克Walter H. Munk｜"For his outstanding experimental and theoretical research on the spectrum of motion in the oceans and the earth."

1979年｜亨利·梅尔逊·斯托梅尔Henry M. Stommel｜"For his work at sea, in the laboratory, and by analyses through which he made major advances in understanding of ocean circulation and distribution of water masses."

1986年｜华莱士·布洛克Wallace Smith Broecker｜"For his work on chemical exchange among the oceans, atmosphere, and solid Earth, making great contributions to understanding the role of the oceans in the Earth's carbon cycle and its climate."

1989年｜塞萨尔·埃米利亚尼Cesare Emiliani｜"For masterful achievements using isotopic palaeotemperatures to establish the climatic history of the Pleistocene and for suggesting their relation to the Milankovitch orbital cycles."

1992年｜约瑟夫·里德Joseph L. Reid｜"For his exploration and observation of the circulation of the world ocean, assembly of its many interacting parts with a lifetime of care, dedication, and insight."

1995年｜维克多·V·奎奎尔Victor Vacquier｜"For his discovery of the flux-gate magnetometer, and for the marine magnetic anomaly surveys that led to the acceptance of the theory of sea-floor spreading."

1998年｜沃尔特·C·皮特曼Walter C. Pitman, III｜"For his fundamental contribution to the plate tectonic revolution through insightful analysis of marine magnetic anomalies and for his studies of the causes and effects of sea-level changes."

2001年｜查尔斯·希普利·考克斯Charles Shipley Cox｜"For his pioneering studies, both theoretical and instrumental, of oceanic waves, microstructure and mixing, and of electromagnetic fields in the ocean and in the seafloor."

2004年｜Klaus Wyrtki｜"For fundamental contributions to the understanding of the oceanic general circulation of abyssal and thermocline waters and for providing the intellectual underpinning for our understanding of ENSO (El Niño)."

2007年｜詹姆斯·雷德威尔James R. Ledwell｜"For innovative and insightful tracer experiments using sulfur hexafluoride to understand vertical diffusivity and turbulent mixing in the open ocean."

2010年｜沙利·W·西斯霍姆Sallie W. Chisholm｜"For pioneering studies of the dominant photosynthetic organisms in the sea and for integrating her results into a new understanding of the global ocean."

2013年｜大卫·卡尔David Karl｜"For leadership in establishing multi-disciplinary ocean-observing systems, for detection of decadal regime shifts in pelagic ecosystems, and for paradigm-shifting insights on biogeochemical cycles in the ocean."

2018年｜迪恩·罗米奇Dean Roemmich｜"For his ground-breaking contributions to research on the circulation and climate variability in the oceans, for research on the global heat and salt budgets of the oceans and for his leadership in the creation of the global ocean climate observatory, Argo."

## 注

除非另有标记，以上资讯据美国国家科学院官方网站上的亚历山大·阿加西兹勋章网页提供。