太平洋的探索

<image>

太平洋的探索是指人类对太平洋了解的过程。截至公元1200 年，几乎所有的太平洋岛屿都有波利尼西亚人涉足，随后又有船只在东南亚沿海和西太平洋海域行驶。此外中世纪时，就有穆斯林商人通过航海来到中国南部和马来群岛。1512年，欧洲人首次来到太平洋，当时葡萄牙人来到太平洋西部。不久西班牙人也来到美洲太平洋沿岸。

1513年，西班牙探险家瓦斯科·努涅斯·德·巴尔沃亚穿越巴拿马地峡并抵达太平洋沿岸。1521年，葡萄牙航海家斐迪南·麦哲伦率领的西班牙探险队首次横渡太平洋。1815年，马尼拉大帆船从墨西哥出发，横穿太平洋抵达菲律宾。来自墨西哥和秘鲁的其他探险队又抵达北太平洋和南太平洋的各个群岛。17、18世纪，荷兰共和国、英国、法国、俄罗斯等欧洲列强也向太平洋派遣探险队。

## 参考书目

- Camino, Mercedes Maroto. Producing the Pacific: Maps and narratives of Spanish exploration (1567-1606) (Rodopi, 2005).
- Daum, Andreas. "German Naturalists in the Pacific around 1800: Entanglement, Autonomy, and a Transnational Culture of Expertise". In Explorations and Entanglements: Germans in Pacific Worlds from the Early Modern Period to World War I, ed. Hartmut Berghoff, Frank Biess, and Ulrike Strasser. New York: Berghahn Books, 2019, 79–102.
- Delaney, John. Strait Through: Magellan to Cook & the Pacific, (Princeton University Library, 2010). Website devoted to the exploration of the Pacific Ocean Online
- Dodge, Ernest Stanley. Beyond the Capes; Pacific Exploration from Captain Cook to the Challenger, 1776–1877 (Little, Brown, 1971).
- Engstrand, Iris HW. "Seekers of the 'Northern Mystery': European Exploration of California and the Pacific." California History 76.2-3 (1997): 78-110 online .
- Felipe Fernández-Armesto, Pathfinders - A Global History of Exploration, (2006).
- Guest, Harriet. Empire, Barbarism, and Civilisation: Captain Cook, William Hodges and the Return to the Pacific (Cambridge UP, 2007).
- Hayes, Derek. Historical Atlas of the North Pacific Ocean: Maps of Discovery and Scientific Exploration, 1500–2000, (2001)
- Haycox, Stephen, et al. eds. Enlightenment and Exploration in the North Pacific, 1741–1805. (U of Washington Press, 1997) excerpt .
- Heawood, Edward. A History Of Geographical Discovery in the Seventeenth And Eighteenth Centuries (1912) online
- Howse, Derek, ed. Background to Discovery: Pacific Exploration from Dampier to Cook (U of California Press, 1990).
- Irwin, Geoffrey. The prehistoric exploration and colonisation of the Pacific (Cambridge UP, 1994).
- Lincoln, Margarette, ed. Science and exploration in the Pacific: European voyages to the southern oceans in the eighteenth century (Boydell & Brewer, 2001).
- Lloyd, Christopher. Pacific Horizons: The Exploration of the Pacific Before Captain Cook (Allen and Unwin, 1946). online, popular history
- Lloyd, Christopher. Atlas of maritime history (1975) online, popular
- Parry, J.H. The Age of Reconnaissance (1963) online
- Williams, Glyn. "'To Make Discoveries of Countries Hitherto Unknown' The Admiralty and Pacific Exploration in the Eighteenth Century." The Mariner's Mirror 82.1 (1996): 14–27.
- Withey, Lynne. Voyages of discovery: Captain Cook and the exploration of the Pacific (U of California Press, 1989).
- Davidson, James Wightman. "Problems of Pacific history." Journal of Pacific History 1#1 (1966): 5–21.
- Gulliver, Katrina. "Finding the Pacific world." Journal of World History 22#1 (2011): 83–100. online
- Munro, Doug. The Ivory Tower and Beyond: Participant Historians of the Pacific (Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2009).
- Routledge, David. "Pacific history as seen from the Pacific Islands." Pacific Studies 8#2 (1985): 81+ online
- Samson, Jane. "Pacific/Oceanic History" in
- Lamb, Jonathan, Vanessa Smith, and Nicholas Thomas, eds. Exploration and exchange: A South Seas anthology, 1680-1900 (U of Chicago Press, 2000).