河口螺属

河口螺属（学名：Iravadia），又名埃列螺属或金环螺属，是一类体型非常细小，而且很可能是两栖的陆生蜗牛的属，有鳃和螺厣的半陆生腹足纲软体动物，是河口螺科物种里的微小贝。

这些微细的蜗牛栖息于潮湿的环境，例如：腐烂的植被，而且距离海洋的边沿很近。它们能够忍受当涨潮时被涌上岸的咸水洗刷。Vaught (1989)把本属物种列为淡水物种。

## 分布

本属物种分布于日本沿海、香港、台湾、澳洲、印度、新西兰、阿拉伯、法国等地区。

## 分类学

威廉·托马斯·布兰福德于1867年建立本属，当时属于麂眼螺科。

## 物种

本属物种计有：

- 细纹河口螺
- Iravadia angulata (Laseron, 1956)
- Iravadia aristaei (Melvill, 1912)
- Iravadia atemeles (Melvill, 1912)
- 柏衲埃列螺 Iravadia bombayana (Stoliczka, 1868)
- Iravadia capitata (Laseron, 1956)
- Iravadia carpentariensis (Hedley, 1912)
- Iravadia cochinchinensis (Bavay & Dautzenberg, 1910)
- Iravadia delicata (Philippi, 1849)
- Iravadia densilabrum (Melvill, 1912)
- † Iravadia dolini Lozouet, 2003
- Iravadia elongata (Hornung & Mermod, 1928)
- Iravadia expansilabrum Ponder, 1984
- Iravadia gemmata Ponder, 1984
- Iravadia goliath (Laseron, 1956)
- Iravadia ictriella (Melvill, 1910)
- Iravadia inflata (Ponder, 1967)
- 锦绣埃列螺 Iravadia ornata Blanford, 1867：模式种
- Iravadia padangensis (Thiele, 1925)
- Iravadia pilbara Golding, 2014
- Iravadia profundior Ponder, 1984
- 方格河口螺 Iravadia quadrasi (O. Boettger, 1893)
- Iravadia quadrina (Laseron, 1956)
- Iravadia rohdei (Brandt, 1968)
- Iravadia sublaevis (Laseron, 1956)
- Iravadia subquadrata (Laseron, 1950)
- Iravadia tenuilirata (Boettger, 1893)
- Iravadia yendoi (Yokoyama, 1927)

异名：

- Iravadia annandalei Preston, 1916: synonym of Iravadia ornata Blanford, 1867
- 澳洲金环螺 Iravadia australis Hedley, 1900：今作Pellamora australis (Hedley, 1901)，属皮拉螺属。
- Iravadia bella (A. Adams, 1853): synonym of Iravadia delicata (Philippi, 1849)
- Iravadia elegantula (A. Adams, 1861): synonym of Fluviocingula elegantula (A. Adams, 1861)
- Iravadia ennurensis Preston, 1916: synonym of Iravadia ornata Blanford, 1867
- Iravadia funerea Preston, 1916: synonym of Iravadia ornata Blanford, 1867
- Iravadia mahimensis (Melvill, 1893): synonym of Pseudomerelina mahimensis (Melvill, 1893)
- 环纹河口螺 Iravadia reflecta Laseron, 1956：今作Pellamora reflecta (Laseron, 1956)，属皮拉螺属。
- Iravadia nipponica (Kuroda & Habe, 1954): synonym of Fluviocingula nipponica Kuroda & Habe, 1954
- Iravadia princeps Preston, 1915: synonym of Iravadia ornata Blanford, 1867
- Iravadia resima (Laseron, 1956): synonym of Fluviocingula resima (Laseron, 1956)
- Iravadia reticulata Brandt, 1968: synonym of Iravadia quadrasi (O. Boettger, 1893)
- Iravadia sakaguchii (Kuroda & Habe, 1954): synonym of Wakauraia sakaguchii (Kuroda & Habe, 1954)
- Iravadia trochlearis (Gould, 1861): synonym of Stosicia annulata (Dunker, 1859)
- Iravadia tuberculata Brandt, 1974: synonym of Iravadia mahimensis (Melvill, 1893)

## 外部链接

- Ponder W. F. (1984) A review of the genera of the Iravadiidae (Gastropoda: Rissoacea) with an assessment of the relationships of the Family. Malacologia 25(1): 21-71

## 基本资料

- 学名：Iravadia
- 命名者：Blanford, 1867
- 模式种：Iravadia ornata Blanford, 1867
- 异名：Dipsotoma Laseron, 1956、Fairbankia Stoliczka, 1868、Iraqirissoa Dance & Eames, 1966、Iravadia (Fairbankia) Stoliczka, 1868、Iravadia (Fluviocingula) Kuroda & Habe, 1954、Iravadia (Iravadia) Blanford, 1867、Iravadia (Pseudomerelina) Ponder, 1984、Iravadia (Pseudonoba) Boettger, 1902、Lucidinella Laseron, 1956、Paronoba Laseron, 1950、Pseudonoba O. Boettger, 1902、Sinusicola Kuroda & Habe, 1950 (unavailable name: established without description)