银耳属

银耳属（学名：Tremella），是银耳科的一属真菌。最近的一项研究将银耳属的物种分为不同的进化分支。只有10种原银耳属物种留在银耳属中，包括模式种金黄银耳 (Tremella mesenterica)，分在银耳分支（Tremella clade）中。在这个进化分支中没有在其生命周期主要为酵母形式的物种。

## 下属物种

根据Catalogue of Life，曾经列入银耳属的物种有：

Tremella acaciae｜L.S. Olive

Tremella anaptychiae｜J.C. Zamora & Diederich

Tremella arachispora｜P. Roberts

Tremella armeniaca｜Bandoni & J. Carranza

Tremella aspera｜Coker

金色银耳｜Tremella aurantia｜Schwein.，黄银耳

黄白银耳｜Tremella aurantialba｜Bandoni & M. Zang，金耳

Tremella aurantiolutea｜Lowy

南方银耳｜Tremella australis｜F. Wu et al.

澳洲银耳｜Tremella australiensis｜Lloyd

Tremella bambusina｜Sacc.

Tremella basidiomaticola｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

Tremella boninensis｜(Kobayasi) S. Ito & S. Imai

波纳银耳｜Tremella boraborensis｜L.S. Olive

巴西银耳｜Tremella brasiliensis｜(Möller) Lloyd

Tremella bryonectriae｜Döbbeler

Tremella callunicola｜P. Roberts

Tremella caloceraticola｜Hauerslev

Tremella caloplacae｜(Zahlbr.) Diederich

Tremella candelariellae｜Diederich & Etayo

肉白银耳｜Tremella carneoalba｜Coker

茎生银耳｜Tremella caulicola｜Kobayasi

Tremella celata｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella cephalodiicola｜Diederich

脑形银耳｜Tremella cerebriformis｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella cetrariellae｜Millanes, Diederich, M. Westb., Pippola & Wedin

Tremella cetrariicola｜Diederich & Coppins

Tremella cheejenii｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

Tremella christiansenii｜Diederich

朱砂色银耳｜Tremella cinnabarina

Tremella cladoniae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

棒梗银耳｜Tremella clavisterigma｜Lowy

合生银耳｜Tremella coalescens｜L.S. Olive

Tremella coccocarpiae｜Diederich

Tremella coffeicola｜(Berk.) P. Roberts

Tremella colpomaticola｜Hauerslev

Tremella coppinsii｜Diederich & G. Marson

Tremella crystallina｜E.H.L. Krause

Tremella dactylobasidia｜J.C. Zamora

Tremella dendrographae｜Diederich & Tehler

Tremella diaporthicola｜Ginns & M.N.L. Lefebvre

Tremella diederichiana｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella diploschistina｜Millanes, M. Westb., Wedin & Diederich

Tremella dirinariae｜Diederich, Millanes & Wedin

Tremella discicola｜Van de Put

Tremella dumontii｜Lowy

Tremella durissima｜Lowy

痢疾银耳｜Tremella dysenterica

展生银耳｜Tremella effusa｜Y.B. Peng

脑状银耳｜Tremella encephala｜Willd. 1801

Tremella endosporogena｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella episphaerica｜Rick

砖红色银耳｜Tremella erythrina｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

扁枝银耳｜Tremella everniae｜Diederich

Tremella exigua｜Desm.

大锁银耳｜Tremella fibulifera｜Möller

火红银耳｜Tremella flammea｜Kobayasi，火红色银耳

金黄银耳｜Tremella flava｜Chee J. Chen，黄色银耳

茶色银耳｜Tremella foliacea｜Pers. (异名：Tremella fimbriata Pers.)

叶状银耳｜Tremella frondosa｜Fr.，叶银耳

银耳｜Tremella fuciformis｜Berk. 1856

琥珀银耳｜Tremella fuscosuccinea｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella giraffa｜Chee J. Chen

球孢银耳｜Tremella globispora｜D.A. Reid

广西银耳｜Tremella guangxiensis｜F. Wu et al.

Tremella grandibasidia｜L.S. Olive

Tremella graphidastrae｜Diederich

Tremella graphidis｜Diederich, Millanes, Wedin & Common

Tremella griseola｜Malysheva

Tremella guangxiensis

Tremella guttiformis｜(Berk. & Broome) Bandoni

Tremella haematommatis｜Diederich

海南银耳｜Tremella hainanensis｜Y.B. Peng

Tremella harrisii｜Diederich

Tremella hemifoliacea｜Lloyd

Tremella huuskonenii｜Diederich, Myllys, Goward & H. Lindgr.

Tremella hymenophaga｜M. Dueñas

Tremella hypocenomycis｜Diederich

Tremella hypogymniae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

角状银耳｜Tremella iduensis｜Kobayasi

Tremella incrustans｜Kobayasi

Tremella indecorata｜Sommerf.

硬银耳｜Tremella indurata

Tremella invasa｜(Hauerslev) Hauerslev

Tremella japonica｜(Lloyd) Lloyd

Tremella karstenii｜Hauerslev

金耳｜Tremella laciniata｜Bull.，条裂银耳

宽孢银耳｜Tremella latispora｜F. Wu et al.

Tremella laurisilvae｜Kout

Tremella leptogii｜Diederich

Tremella lethariae｜Diederich

Tremella lichenicola｜Diederich

Tremella lilacea Bandoni｜& J. Carranza

Tremella lloydiae-candidae｜Wojewoda

Tremella lobariacearum｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

长担银耳｜Tremella longibasidia｜Y.B. Peng

Tremella macrobasidiata｜J.C. Zamora, Pérez-Ort. & V.J. Rico

Tremella macroceratis Diederich｜& Hafellner

莽山银耳｜Tremella mangensis｜Y.B. Peng

Tremella mayorgae｜Lowy

Tremella mayrhoferi｜J.C. Zamora, Millanes, Etayo & Wedin

勐仑银耳｜Tremella menglunensis｜Y.B. Peng

金耳｜Tremella mesenterella｜Bandoni & Ginns，肠膜状银耳

金黄银耳｜Tremella mesenterica｜Retz. (异名：Tremella lutescens Pers.)，黄金银耳

小孢银耳｜Tremella microcarpa｜Diederich

Tremella monospora｜Diederich

Tremella montis-wilhelmii｜Diederich

椹形银耳｜Tremella moriformis｜Berk. 1812

Tremella nashii｜Diederich

Tremella neofibulifera｜Kobayasi

Tremella nephromatis｜Diederich

Tremella nieblae｜Diederich & van den Boom

Tremella nigrifacta｜Bandoni & J. Carranza

刺银耳｜Tremella nipponica

Tremella normandinae｜Diederich

Tremella obscura｜(L.S. Olive) M.P. Christ.

隐叉银耳｜Tremella occultifuroidea｜Chee J. Chen & Oberw.

Tremella pallida｜Overh.

Tremella papuana｜Diederich

Tremella parmeliarum｜Diederich

Tremella parmeliellae｜Diederich & Sérus.

Tremella penetrans｜(Hauerslev) Jülich

Tremella pertusariae｜Diederich

Tremella phaeographidis｜Diederich, Coppins & Bandoni

Tremella phaeographinae｜Diederich & Aptroot

Tremella phaeophysciae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

Tremella protoparmeliae｜Diederich & Coppins

Tremella psoroglaenae｜Diederich

Tremella psoromicola｜Diederich

垫状银耳｜Tremella pulvinalis｜Kobayasi

Tremella pyrenophila｜Traverso & Migliardi

Tremella pyrenulae｜Diederich, Millanes, Wedin & Common

Tremella ramalinae｜Diederich

珊瑚状银耳｜Tremella ramarioides｜M. Zang

扁平银耳｜Tremella resupinata｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella rhizocarpicola｜Diederich, Millanes & Wedin

Tremella rhytidhysterii｜J.L. Bezerra & Kimbr.

Tremella rinodinae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

Tremella riobrancensis｜Lowy

Tremella roseolutescens｜Bandoni & J. Carranza

蔷薇色银耳｜Tremella roseotincta｜Lloyd，玫色银耳

Tremella rubromaculata｜Lowy

棕红银耳｜Tremella rufobrunnea｜L.S. Olive

Tremella sakanensis｜Henn.

Tremella salmonea｜X.Z. Liu & F.Y. Bai

橙银耳｜Tremella samoensis｜Lloyd，萨摩亚银耳

血红银耳｜Tremella sanguinea｜Y.B. Peng，血耳，血银耳

Tremella santessonii｜Diederich

Tremella sarniensis｜P. Roberts

Tremella silvae-dravedae｜Hauerslev

Tremella spicata｜Bourdot & Galzin

Tremella spicifera｜Van Ryck., Van de Put & P. Roberts

Tremella steidleri｜(Bres.) Bourdot & Galzin

Tremella stevensiana｜Diederich

Tremella stictae｜Diederich

Tremella subalpina｜Malysheva

Tremella subanomala｜Coker

Tremella subencephala｜Bandoni & Ginns

Tremella subfibulifera｜Alvarenga, F.Wu, L.F.Fan & Y.C.Dai, 2021

Tremella subrubiginosa｜Lowy

沟纹银耳｜Tremella sulcariae｜Diederich & M.S. Christ.

台湾银耳｜Tremella taiwanensis｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella tawa｜McNabb

Tremella telleriae｜M. Dueñas

热带银耳｜Tremella tropica｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella tuckerae｜Diederich

Tremella umbilicariae｜Diederich & Millanes

Tremella variae｜Pérez-Ort., Millanes, V.J. Rico & J.C. Zamora

Tremella vasifera｜Chee J. Chen

Tremella verrucosa｜L.

Tremella versicolor｜Berk. & Broome

Tremella vescicaria｜Speg.

Tremella vesiculosa｜McNabb

Tremella vinosa｜Massee

Tremella vinosotincta｜Rick

Tremella volcanaqua｜Lowy

金水木耳｜Tremella wirthii｜Diederich，赖特银耳

Tremella yokohamensis｜(Alshahni, Satoh & Makimura) Yurkov

## 基本资料

- 学名：Tremella
- 命名者：Pers.
- 说明：金黄银耳的凝胶状子实体
- 模式种：金黄银耳、Tremella mesenterica
- type species authority：(Schaeff.) Retz.
- 异名：Hormomyces Bonord. (anamorph)、Encephalium Link、Epidochium Fr.、Gyraria Nees、Naematelia Fr.、Nakaiomyces Kobayasi、Phaeotremella Rea