芽孢杆菌科

芽孢杆菌科（学名：Bacillaceae）是芽孢杆菌目的一科革兰氏阳性、异养、棒状细菌，可能产生内生孢子。该菌科的学名源自拉丁语bacillus，意思是“小棍子、魔杖”。该科的能运动成员的特征是具有周生鞭毛。一些芽孢杆菌科是好氧，而另一些是兼性或严格的厌氧菌。大多数芽孢杆菌科不具有致病性，但某些芽孢杆菌属种已知可导致人类患病。

## 下属分类

本科包括以下属：

Aciduricibacillus｜Liu et al. 2024

- Aciduricibacillus chroicocephali Liu et al. 2024

好氧芽胞杆菌属｜Aeribacillus｜Miñana-Galbis et al. 2010

Aliibacillus｜Xu et al. 2019

碱芽胞杆菌属｜Alkalibacillus｜Jeon et al. 2005

Alkalicoccobacillus｜Joshi et al. 2022

- Alkalicoccobacillus gibsonii (Nielsen et al. 1995) Kim et al. 2023
- Alkalicoccobacillus murimartini (Borchert et al. 2007) Joshi et al. 2022
- Alkalicoccobacillus plakortidis (Borchert et al. 2007) Kim et al. 2023，为Shouchella oshimensis (Yumoto et al. 2005) Joshi et al. 2022的异名
- Alkalicoccobacillus porphyridii Kim et al. 2023

Alkalicoccus｜Zhao et al. 2017

- Alkalicoccus chagannorensis (Carrasco et al. 2007) Gupta et al. 2020
- Alkalicoccus daliensis (Zhai et al. 2012) Gupta et al. 2020
- Alkalicoccus halolimnae Zhao et al. 2017
- Alkalicoccus luteus (Subhash et al. 2014) Gupta et al. 2020
- Alkalicoccus saliphilus (Romano et al. 2005) Zhao et al. 2017
- Alkalicoccus urumqiensis (Zhang et al. 2016) Gupta et al. 2020

碱卤芽孢杆菌属｜Alkalihalobacillus｜Patel and Gupta 2020

Alkalihalobacterium｜Joshi et al. 2022

- Alkalihalobacterium alkalinitrilicum (Sorokin et al. 2009) Joshi et al. 2022
- Alkalihalobacterium bogoriense (Vargas et al. 2005) Joshi et al. 2022
- Alkalihalobacterium chitinilyticum Thite et al. 2023
- Alkalihalobacterium elongatum Joshi et al. 2022

Alkalihalophilus｜Joshi et al. 2022

- Alkalihalophilus lindianensis (Dou et al. 2016) Joshi et al. 2022
- Alkalihalophilus marmarensis (Denizci et al. 2010) Joshi et al. 2022
- Alkalihalophilus pseudofirmus (Nielsen et al. 1995) Joshi et al. 2022

Alkalilactibacillus｜Schmidt et al. 2016

别样芽胞杆菌属｜Allobacillus｜Sheu et al. 2011

交替芽胞杆菌属｜Alteribacillus｜Didari et al. 2012

Alteribacter｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Alteribacter aurantiacus (Borsodi et al. 2008) Gupta et al. 2020
- Alteribacter keqinensis Liu et al. 2022
- Alteribacter lacisalsi (Dong et al. 2021) Narsing Rao et al. 2022
- Alteribacter natronophilus (Menes et al. 2020) Gupta et al. 2020
- Alteribacter populi (Liu et al. 2018) Gupta et al. 2020
- Alteribacter salitolerans Wang et al. 2021

兼性芽胞杆菌属｜Amphibacillus｜Niimura et al. 1990

厌氧芽胞杆菌属｜Anaerobacillus｜Zavarzina et al. 2010

无氧芽胞杆菌属｜Anoxybacillus｜Pikuta et al. 2000

水芽胞杆菌属｜Aquibacillus｜Amoozegar et al. 2014

居盐水芽胞杆菌属｜Aquisalibacillus｜Márquez et al. 2008

金色杆菌属｜Aureibacillus｜Liu et al. 2015

芽孢杆菌属｜Bacillus｜Cohn 1872

热碱芽胞杆菌属｜Caldalkalibacillus｜Xue et al. 2006

热芽胞杆菌属｜Caldibacillus｜Coorevits et al. 2012

Calditerricola｜Moriya et al. 2011

Calidifontibacillus｜Adiguzel et al. 2020

- Calidifontibacillus azotoformans (Pichinoty et al. 1983 ex Pichinoty et al. 1976) Adiguzel et al. 2020，为Schinkia azotoformans (Pichinoty et al. 1983 ex Pichinoty et al. 1976) Gupta et al. 2020的异名
- Calidifontibacillus erzurumensis Adiguzel et al. 2020
- Calidifontibacillus oryziterrae (Bao et al. 2017) Adiguzel et al. 2020，为Schinkia oryziterrae (Bao et al. 2017) Gupta et al. 2020的异名

Camelliibacillus｜Lin et al. 2018

- Camelliibacillus cellulosilyticus Lin et al. 2018

樱桃样芽胞杆菌属｜Cerasibacillus｜Nakamura et al. 2004

堆肥芽胞杆菌属｜Compostibacillus｜Yu et al. 2015

Cytobacillus｜Patel and Gupta, 2020

- Cytobacillus ciccensis (Liu et al. 2017) Gupta et al. 2020
- Cytobacillus citreus Liu et al. 2023
- Cytobacillus dafuensis (Zheng et al. 2023) Liu et al. 2023，为Bacillus dafuensis Zheng et al. 2023的异名
- Cytobacillus depressus (Wei et al. 2016) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus eiseniae (Hong et al. 2012) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus firmus (Bredemann and Werner 1933) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus formosensis (Lin et al. 2015) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus gottheilii (Seiler et al. 2013) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus horneckiae (Vaishampayan et al. 2010) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus kochii (Seiler et al. 2012) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus luteolus (Shi et al. 2011) Gupta et al. 2020
- Cytobacillus massiliigabonensis (Sarr et al. 2021) Liu et al. 2023，为Bacillus massiliigabonensis Sarr et al. 2021的异名
- Cytobacillus oceanisediminis (Zhang et al. 2010) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus praedii (Liu et al. 2017) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus pseudoceanisediminis Tarasov et al. 2023
- Cytobacillus purgationiresistens (Vaz-Moreira et al. 2012) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus solani (Liu et al. 2015) Patel and Gupta 2020
- Cytobacillus spongiae Gao et al. 2023
- Cytobacillus stercorigallinarum Gilroy et al. 2021
- Cytobacillus suaedae Xu et al. 2022

Desertibacillus｜Bhatt et al. 2017

房间芽胞杆菌属｜Domibacillus｜Seiler et al. 2013

Ectobacillus｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Ectobacillus aegiceratis Chen et al. 2021
- Ectobacillus antri (Rao et al. 2019) Gupta et al. 2020
- Ectobacillus funiculus (Ajithkumar et al. 2002) Gupta et al. 2020
- Ectobacillus panaciterrae (Ten et al. 2006) Gupta et al. 2020
- Ectobacillus polymachus (Nguyen and Kim 2015) Gupta et al. 2020
- Ectobacillus ponti Deng et al. 2023

Evansella｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Evansella alkalicola (Zhai et al. 2022) Narsing Rao et al. 2022
- Evansella caseinilytica (Vishnuvardhan Reddy et al. 2015) Gupta et al. 2020，也拼作：Evansella caseinilyticus
- Evansella cellulosilytica (Nogi et al. 2005) Gupta et al. 2020，也拼作：Evansella cellulosilyticus
- Evansella clarkii (Nielsen et al. 1995) Gupta et al. 2020
- Evansella halocellulosilytica Liu et al. 2023
- Evansella polygoni (Aino et al. 2008) Gupta et al. 2020
- Evansella shivajii (Kumar et al. 2018) Narsing Rao et al. 2021
- Evansella tamaricis (Zhang et al. 2018) Narsing Rao et al. 2022
- Evansella vedderi (Agnew et al. 1996) Gupta et al. 2020

假芽胞杆菌属｜Falsibacillus｜Zhou et al. 2009

Ferdinandcohnia｜Gupta et al. 2020

Fermentibacillus｜Hirota et al. 2016

- Fermentibacillus polygoni Hirota et al., 2016+

Fervidibacillus｜Yang et al. 2023

- Fervidibacillus albus Yang et al. 2023
- Fervidibacillus halotolerans Yang et al. 2023

虚构芽胞杆菌属｜Fictibacillus｜Glaeser et al. 2013

线芽胞杆菌属｜Filobacillus｜Schlesner et al. 2001

地芽胞杆菌属｜Geobacillus｜Nazina et al. 2001

Geomicrobium｜Echigo et al. 2010

Gottfriedia｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Gottfriedia acidiceleris (Peak et al. 2007) Gupta et al. 2020，也拼作：Gottfriedia acidiceler
- Gottfriedia endophytica Chhetri et al. 2023，也拼作：Gottfriedia endophyticus
- Gottfriedia luciferensis (Logan et al. 2002) Gupta et al. 2020
- Gottfriedia solisilvae (Pan et al. 2017) Gupta et al. 2020

纤细芽胞杆菌属｜Gracilibacillus｜Wainø et al. 1999

喜盐碱芽胞杆菌属｜Halalkalibacillus｜Echigo et al. 2007

盐碱芽胞杆菌属｜Halalkalibacter｜Joshi et al. 2022

喜盐芽胞杆菌属｜Halobacillus｜Spring et al. 1996

盐乳芽胞杆菌属｜Halolactibacillus｜Ishikawa et al. 2005

Heyndrickxia｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Heyndrickxia acidicola (Albert et al. 2005) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia acidiproducens (Jung et al. 2009) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia camelliae (Niu et al. 2018) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia coagulans (Hammer 1915) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia faecalis (Kieu et al. 2023) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia ginsengihumi (Ten et al. 2007) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia oleronia (Kuhnigk et al. 1996) Gupta et al. 2020
- Heyndrickxia shackletonii (Logan et al. 2004) Narsing Rao et al. 2023
- Heyndrickxia sporothermodurans (Pettersson et al. 1996) Gupta et al. 2020
- Heyndrickxia vini (Ma et al. 2017) Gupta et al. 2020

解氢芽胞杆菌属｜Hydrogenibacillus｜Kämpfer et al. 2013

吉林芽胞杆菌属｜Jilinibacillus｜Liu et al. 2015

- 土壤吉林芽胞杆菌 Jilinibacillus soli Liu et al. 2015

Lederbergia｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Lederbergia citrea Han et al. 2023
- Lederbergia citri Liu et al. 2023
- Lederbergia citrisecunda Liu et al. 2023
- Lederbergia citrisecundus Liu et al. 2022
- Lederbergia galactosidilytica (Heyndrickx et al. 2004) Gupta et al. 2020，也拼作：Lederbergia galactosidilyticus
- Lederbergia graminis (Bibi et al. 2011) Gupta et al. 2020
- Lederbergia lenta (Gibson 1935) Gupta et al. 2020，也拼作：Lederbergia lentus
- Lederbergia panacisoli (Choi and Cha 2014) Gupta et al. 2020
- Lederbergia ruris (Heyndrickx et al. 2005) Gupta et al. 2020
- Lederbergia wuyishanensis (Liu et al. 2015) Gupta et al. 2020

慢生芽胞杆菌属｜Lentibacillus｜Yoon et al. 2002

Litchfieldia｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Litchfieldia alkalitelluris (Lee et al. 2008) Gupta et al. 2020
- Litchfieldia salsa (Amoozegar et al. 2013) Gupta et al. 2020，也拼作：Litchfieldia salsus

Lottiidibacillus｜Liu et al. 2020

赖氨酸芽胞杆菌属｜Lysinibacillus

Margalitia｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Margalitia camelliae (Niu et al. 2018) Gupta et al. 2020，为Heyndrickxia camelliae (Niu et al. 2018) Narsing Rao et al. 2023的异名
- Margalitia shackletonii (Logan et al. 2004) Gupta et al. 2020，为Heyndrickxia shackletonii (Logan et al. 2004) Narsing Rao et al. 2023的异名

Mangrovibacillus｜Sefrji et al. 2023

- Mangrovibacillus cuniculi Sefrji et al. 2023

海球菌属｜Marinococcus｜Hao et al. 1985

Melghiribacillus｜Addou et al. 2015

Mesobacillus｜Patel and Gupta 2020

副芽胞杆菌属｜Metabacillus｜Patel and Gupta 2020

Microaerobacter｜Khelifi et al. 2011

高钠芽胞杆菌属｜Natribacillus｜Echigo et al. 2012

嗜碱芽胞杆菌属｜Natronobacillus｜Sorokin et al. 2009

新芽孢杆菌属｜Neobacillus｜Patel and Gupta 2020

尼尔菌属｜Niallia｜Gupta et al. 2020

大洋芽胞杆菌属｜Oceanobacillus｜Lu et al. 2002

Oikeobacillus｜Narsing Rao et al. 2023

- Oikeobacillus pervagus (Kosowski et al. 2014) Narsing Rao et al. 2023

鸟氨酸芽胞杆菌属｜Ornithinibacillus｜Mayr et al. 2006

Parageobacillus｜Aliyu et al. 2019

海境劳胞杆菌属｜Paraliobacillus｜Ishikawa et al. 2003

Paralkalibacillus｜Hirota et al. 2017

少盐芽胞杆菌属｜Paucisalibacillus｜Nunes et al. 2006

Pelagibacillus｜Kim et al. 2007

- Pelagibacillus goriensis Kim et al. 2007

Pelagirhabdus｜Sultanpuram et al. 2016

喜微温菌属｜Peribacillus｜Patel and Gupta 2020

鱼芽胞杆菌属｜Piscibacillus｜Tanasupawat et al. 2007

Polygonibacillus｜Hirota et al. 2016

海芽胞杆菌属｜Pontibacillus｜Lim et al. 2005

Pradoshia｜Saha et al. 2019

普里斯特氏菌属｜Priestia｜Gupta et al. 2020

Pseudalkalibacillus｜Joshi et al. 2022

- Pseudalkalibacillus algicola (Ivanova et al. 2004) Joshi et al. 2021
- Pseudalkalibacillus berkeleyi (Nedashkovskaya et al. 2012) Joshi et al. 2022
- Pseudalkalibacillus caeni (Mo et al. 2020) Joshi et al. 2022
- Pseudalkalibacillus decolorationis (Heyrman et al. 2003) Joshi et al. 2022
- Pseudalkalibacillus hemicentroti (Chen et al. 2011) Joshi et al. 2021
- Pseudalkalibacillus hwajinpoensis (Yoon et al. 2004) Joshi et al. 2022
- Pseudalkalibacillus macyae (Santini et al. 2004) Joshi et al. 2021
- Pseudalkalibacillus salsuginis Gao et al. 2022
- Pseudalkalibacillus sedimenti Liu et al. 2023
- Pseudalkalibacillus spartinae Liu et al. 2023

假纤细芽胞杆菌属｜Pseudogracilibacillus｜Glaeser et al. 2014

嗜冷芽胞杆菌属｜Psychrobacillus

Pueribacillus｜Wang et al. 2018

- Pueribacillus theae Wang et al. 2018

Radiobacillus｜Li et al. 2020

- Radiobacillus deserti Li et al. 2020
- Radiobacillus kanasensis Zhang et al. 2023

Robertmurraya｜Gupta et al. 2020Name

- Robertmurraya andreesenii (Kosowski et al. 2014) Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya beringensis (Yu et al. 2012) Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya crescens (Shivani et al. 2015) Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya dakarensis Gupta 2023
- Robertmurraya korlensis (Zhang et al. 2009) Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya kyonggiensis Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya massiliosenegalensis (Ramasamy et al. 2016) Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya siralis (Pettersson et al. 2000) Gupta et al. 2020
- Robertmurraya yapensis (Xu et al. 2020) Gupta 2023

Rossellomorea｜Gupta et al. 2020

糖球菌属｜Saccharococcus｜Nystrand 1984

Salibacillus｜Wainø et al. 1999

Salibacterium｜Reddy et al. 2015

Salimicrobium｜Yoon et al. 2007

盐渍芽胞杆菌属｜Salinibacillus｜Ren and Zhou 2005

Salipaludibacillus｜Sultanpuram and Mothe 2016

- Salipaludibacillus agaradhaerens (Nielsen et al. 1995) Sultanpuram and Mothe 2016
- Salipaludibacillus aurantiacus Sultanpuram and Mothe 2016
- Salipaludibacillus daqingensis Guo et al. 2023
- Salipaludibacillus halalkaliphilus Amoozegar et al. 2018
- Salipaludibacillus keqinensis Wang et al. 2021
- Salipaludibacillus neizhouensis (Chen et al. 2009) Sultanpuram and Mothe 2016

Salirhabdus｜Albuquerque et al. 2007

Salisediminibacterium｜Jiang et al. 2012

居盐土芽胞杆菌属｜Saliterribacillus｜Amoozegar et al. 2013

栖盐水芽胞杆菌属｜Salsuginibacillus｜Carrasco et al. 2007

Schinkia｜Gupta et al. 2020

沉积物芽胞杆菌属｜Sediminibacillus｜Carrasco et al. 2008

Shouchella｜Joshi et al. 2022

- Shouchella alkalilacus (Singh et al. 2018) Joshi et al. 2021
- Shouchella clausii (Nielsen et al. 1995) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella gibsonii (Nielsen et al. 1995) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella hunanensis (Patel and Gupta 2020) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella lehensis (Ghosh et al. 2007) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella lonarensis (Reddy et al. 2015) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella miscanthi (Shin et al. 2020) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella oshimensis (Yumoto et al. 2005) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella patagoniensis (Olivera et al. 2005) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella plakortidis (Borchert et al. 2007) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella rhizosphaerae (Madhaiyan et al. 2013) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella shacheensis (Lei et al. 2014) Joshi et al. 2022
- Shouchella tritolerans Xie et al. 2023
- Shouchella xiaoxiensis (Chen et al. 2011) Joshi et al. 2022

Siminovitchia｜Gupta et al. 2020

中华芽胞杆菌属｜Sinibacillus｜Yang and Zhou 2014

Sinobaca｜Li et al. 2008

- Sinobaca qinghaiensis (Li et al. 2006) Li et al. 2008

Sinococcus｜Li et al. 2006

- Sinococcus qinghaiensis Li et al. 2006

易弯盐芽胞杆菌属｜Streptohalobacillus｜Wang et al. 2011

Sutcliffiella｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Sutcliffiella catenulata (Sultanpuram et al. 2018) Gupta et al. 2020
- Sutcliffiella cohnii (Spanka and Fritze 1993) Gupta et al. 2020
- Sutcliffiella deserti Bai et al. 2022
- Sutcliffiella halmapala (Nielsen et al. 1995) Gupta et al. 2020
- 堀越氏芽孢杆菌 Sutcliffiella horikoshii (Nielsen et al. 1995) Gupta et al. 2020
- Sutcliffiella rhizosphaerae Kämpfer et al. 2022
- Sutcliffiella tianshenii (Jiang et al. 2014) de Miranda et al. 2023
- Sutcliffiella zhanjiangensis (Chen et al. 2012) Gupta et al. 2020

Swionibacillus｜Li et al. 2017

- Swionibacillus sediminis Li et al. 2017

细纤芽胞杆菌属｜Tenuibacillus｜Ren and Zhou 2005

微温芽胞杆菌属｜Tepidibacillus｜Slobodkina et al. 2014

土地芽胞杆菌属｜Terribacillus｜An et al. 2007

Terrihalobacillus｜Galisteo et al. 2023

- Terrihalobacillus insolitus Galisteo et al. 2023

Terrilactibacillus｜Prasirtsak et al. 2016

- Terrilactibacillus laevilacticus Prasirtsak et al., 2016
- Terrilactibacillus tamarindi Kingkaew et al. 2020

德斯科科芽胞杆菌属｜Texcoconibacillus｜Ruiz-Romero et al. 2013

深海芽胞杆菌属｜Thalassobacillus｜García et al. 2005

Thalassorhabdus｜Sultanpuram and Mothe 2018

- Thalassorhabdus alkalitolerans Sultanpuram and Mothe 2018

高温长型芽胞杆菌｜Thermolongibacillus｜Cihan et al. 2014

枝芽胞杆菌属｜Virgibacillus｜Heyndrickx et al. 1998

绿芽胞杆菌属｜Viridibacillus｜Albert et al. 2007

火山芽胞杆菌属｜Vulcanibacillus｜L'Haridon et al. 2006

Weizmannia｜Gupta et al. 2020

- Weizmannia acidilactici Tolieng et al. 2023
- Weizmannia acidiproducens (Jung et al. 2009) Gupta et al. 2020
- Weizmannia agrestimuris Afrizal et al. 2024
- Weizmannia coagulans (Hammer 1915) Gupta et al. 2020
- Weizmannia faecalis Kieu et al. 2023
- Weizmannia ginsengihumi (Ten et al. 2007) Gupta et al. 2020

## 基本资料

- 说明：枯草芽孢杆菌，革兰氏染色
- 学名：Bacillaceae
- 命名者：Garrity et al. 2001
- 模式属：芽孢杆菌属、Bacillus
- type_genus_authority：Cohn, 1872
- subdivision_ranks：属
- 栽培群成员：见下文
- 异名："Bacillidae" Enderlein 1917 non Cavalier-Smith 2020、"Bacilleae" de Toni & Trevisan 1889、"Bacillinae" Pribram 1929、"Bacilloideae" Pribram 1929、"Eisenbergioideae" corrig. Enderlein 1917、"Eubacillinae" corrig. Trevisan 1889、"Schaudinnidae" Enderlein 1917