斑蛾科

斑蛾科（学名：Zygaenidae）是斑蛾总科昆虫之下的一科，并分为4个亚科。全世界目前至少有超过200个属及1,000多个物种已被命名。

## 特征及生态

斑蛾科的成虫多数为昼行性，飞行速度较慢，常可见飞舞于寄生植物周围采食花蜜。

成虫的外观通常以灰色或黑色为底色，而头胸部或腹部之间至后翅带有鲜艳的色彩或金属光泽，藉以警告天敌；常由幼虫寄主植物中获得糖苷，将有毒性的氢氰酸（HCN）储存于体内藉以防止天敌的捕食。在缺乏提供氢氯酸植物的环境下，部分种类的斑蛾也能自行于体内合成并产生氢氰酸，且部分幼虫能够将其储存于体内，紧急时排出体外以用于防卫天敌。其它物种间，也被观察到对斑蛾进行拟态以达自卫的现象。成虫具有发展完全的口器，以吸食花蜜为食。一般触角为栉状，而雄性的触角多呈羽毛状。

静止时，前翅常向后并拢，覆盖住大部分后翅及腹部。

<image>

## 下级分类

本科包括以下属：

Achelura｜Kirby, 1892

Acoloithus｜Clemens, 1860

Adscita｜Retzius, 1783

Aethioprocris｜Alberti, 1954

透翅锦斑蛾属｜Agalope｜Walker, 1854

Aglaope｜Latreille, 1809

Agrumenia｜Hübner, 1819

Allobremeria｜Alberti, 1954

Allocaprima｜Hering, 1922

Allocyclosia｜Hering, 1922

Alloprocris｜Hering, 1925

Alteramenelikia｜Alberti, 1971

Amesia｜Duncan, 1841

Anarbudas｜Jordan, 1907

Ankasocris｜Viette, 1965

Aphantocephala｜Felder, 1861

Arachotia｜Moore, 1879

Araeocera｜Hampson, 1893

Arbudas｜Moore, 1879

Artona｜Walker, 1854

Astyloneura｜Gaede, 1914

Atelesia｜Jordan, 1930

Australartona｜Tarmann, 2004

Barbaroscia｜Hering, 1922

Boradia｜Moore, 1879

Boradiopsis｜Hering, 1922

Cadphises｜Moore, 1866

Callizygaena｜Felder, 1874

旭锦斑蛾属｜Campylotes｜Westwood, 1840

Caprima｜Walker, 1865

Chalconycles｜Jordan, 1907

Chalcophaedra｜Jordan, 1907

Chalcosia｜Hübner, 1819

Chalcosiopsis｜Swinhoe, 1894

Charmona｜Dalman, 1820

Chilioprocris｜Jordan, 1913

Chrysartona｜Swinhoe, 1892

灿斑蛾属｜Clelea｜Walker, 1854

Clematoessa｜Jordan, 1915

Cleoda｜Tremewan

Corma｜Walker, 1865

Cryptophysophilus｜Hering, 1922

Cyanidia｜Jordan, 1925

Cyclosia｜Hübner, 1820

Dendrocera｜Hampson, 1893

Doclea｜Walker, 1865

Docleomorpha｜Hering, 1922

Docleopsis｜Jordan, 1907

Dubernardia｜Alberti, 1954

Efetovia｜Mollet, 2001

Elcysma｜Butler, 1881

Ephemeroidea｜Hampson, 1893

Epiorna｜Alberti, 1954

Epizygaena｜Jordan, 1908

Erasmia｜Hope, 1841

Erasmiphlebohecta｜Strand, 1917

Erythroclelea｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

柄脉锦斑蛾属｜Eterusia｜Hope, 1841

Euclimacia｜Jordan, 1913

Eucorma｜Jordan, 1907

Eucormopsis｜Jordan, 1907

Eumorphiopais｜Hering, 1922

Eusphalera｜Jordan, 1907

Euxanthopyge｜Hering, 1922

Formozygaena｜Inoue, 1987

Funeralia｜Alberti, 1954

Fuscartona

Gaedea｜Hering, 1924

Gonioprocris｜Jordan, 1913

Gynatoceras｜Rambur, 1866

Gynautocera｜Guérin-Méneville, 1831

Hadrionella｜Jordan, 1925

Hampsonia｜Swinhoe, 1894

Harrisina｜Packard, 1864

Harrisinia

Harrisinopsis｜Jordan, 1913

Harrisinula｜Hering, 1925

Hemiscia｜Jordan, 1907

Herpa｜Walker, 1854

Herpidia｜Bryk, 1936

Herpolasia｜Rothschild & Jordan, 1905

Hestiochora｜Meyrick, 1886

Heteropan｜Walker, 1854

Heteropanula｜Tarmann, 1992

Heterusinula｜Bryk, 1936

Histia｜Hübner, 1820

Hoerwertneria｜Tarmann, 1984

Homophylotis｜Turner, 1904

Hysteroscene｜Hering, 1925

鹿斑蛾属｜Illiberis｜Walker, 1854

Inope｜Staudinger, 1887

Inouela｜Efetov, 1999

Ischnusia｜Jordan, 1928

Isocrambia｜Jordan, 1907

Jordanita｜Verity, 1946

Keilia｜Efetov, 2001

Kubia｜Matsumura, 1927

Lamontia｜Kaye, 1923

Leptozygaena｜Jordan, 1907

Levuana｜Bethune-Baker, 1906

Lophosoma｜Swinhoe, 1892

Madaprocris｜Viette, 1978

Malamblia｜Jordan, 1907

Malthaca｜Clemens, 1860

Mesembrynus｜Hübner, 1819

Metanycles｜Butler, 1876

Milleria｜Hering, 1922

Milleria｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1859

Milleriana｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1856

Mimascaptesyle｜Hering, 1922

Molletia｜Efetov, 2001

Monalita｜Tremewan, 1973

Morionia｜Jordan, 1910

Myrtartona｜Tarmann, 2004

Neoalbertia｜Tarmann, 1984

Neobalataea｜Alberti, 1954

新锦斑蛾属｜Neochalcosia｜Yen & Yang, 1997

Neofelderia｜Tarmann, 1984

Neoilliberis｜Tarmann, 1984

Neoprocris｜Jordan, 1915

Neurosymploca｜Wallengren, 1858

Onceropyga｜Turner, 1906

Opisoplatia｜Jordan, 1907

Orna｜Kirby, 1892

Palmartona｜Tarmann, 2004

Panherpina｜Bryk, 1936

Papuaphlebohecta｜Yen, 2005

Parasyntomis｜Distant, 1897

Pernambis｜Schaus, 1920

Phacusa｜Walker, 1854

Philopator｜Moore, 1866

Phlebohecta｜Hampson, 1893

Piarosoma｜Hampson, 1893

Pidorus｜Walker, 1854

Platyzygaena｜Swinhoe, 1892

Pollanista｜Strand, 1915

Pollanisus｜Walker, 1854

Pompelon｜Walker, 1854

Praezygaena｜Alberti, 1954

Praviela｜Alberti, 1954

Procotes｜Butler, 1876

Procris｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1864

Procrisimilis｜Tarmann, 1984

Procrita｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1999

Procriterna｜Efetov & Tarmann, 2004

Prosopandrophila｜Hering, 1922

Psaphis｜Walker, 1854

Pseudarbudas｜Tarmann, 1992

Pseudoamuria｜Tarmann, 2004

Pseudoinope｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1999

Pseudonyctemera｜Snellen, 1903

Pseudopidorus｜Yen & Yang, 1997

Pseudoprocris｜Druce, 1884

Pseudoscaptesyle｜Hering, 1922

Pycnoctena｜Felder, 1874

Retina｜Walker, 1854

Rhagades｜Wallengren, 1863

Rhodopsona｜Jordan, 1907

Rjabovia｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

Roccia｜Alberti, 1954

Saliunca｜Walker, 1865

Saliuncella｜Jordan, 1907

Sciodoclea｜Jordan, 1907

Seryda｜Walker, 1856

Setiodes｜Herrich-Schäffer, 1866

Sinica｜Rebel, 1915

黄点黑斑蛾属｜Soritia｜Walker, 1854

Sthenoprocris｜Hampson, 1920

Stylura｜Burmeister, 1878

Syringura｜Holland, 1893

Tarmannita｜Efetov, 2000

Tascia｜Walker, 1856

Tasema｜Walker, 1856

Tetraclonia｜Jordan, 1913

Thaumastophleps｜Jordan, 1907

Theresimima｜Strand, 1917

Thibetana｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

Thyrassia｜Butler, 1876

Tremewania｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1999

Triacanthia｜Romieux, 1937

Triprocris｜Grote, 1873

Trypanophora｜Kollar, 1844

Turneriprocris｜Bryk, 1936

Urodopsis｜Jordan, 1913

Vogleria｜Weyenbergh, 1876

Watermenia｜Owada & Horie, 2002

Wiegelia｜Efetov & Tarmann, 1995

Xenoprocris｜Romieux, 1937

Zikanella｜Hering, 1932

Zygaena｜Fabricius, 1775

Zygaenites｜Burgeff, 1951

Zygaenoprocris｜Hampson, 1900

## 常见物种

### 萤斑蛾亚科 （Chalcosiinae）

前翅形状较为宽广，体型中大。触角前端呈扇状者居多。

<image>

- 红带钳尾斑蛾 Achelura sanguifasciata

<image>

- 山龙眼萤斑蛾 Erasmia pulchella hobsoni

<image>

- 重阳木萤斑蛾 Histia flabellicornis

<image>

- 蓬莱萤斑蛾Milleria formosana contradicta

<image>

- 玉带斑蛾Pidorus atratus

### 小斑蛾亚科 （Procridinae）

体型较短小，静止时两翅多并拢呈屋檐状。

<image>

- 海南禾斑蛾 Artona hainana

<image>

- 蓬莱蓝纹斑蛾Clelea formosana

<image>

- 透翅硕班蛾 Hysteroscene hyalina

### 斑蛾亚科 （Zygaeninae）

前翅较为狭长；触角多为细长状或棍棒状。多数分布于欧洲、北非等地（除中华毛斑蛾外）

<image>

- 中华毛斑蛾Pryeria sinica

<image>

- 六星灯蛾Zygaena filipendulae

<image>

- Zygaena Fausta