草席钟螺属

草席钟螺属（学名：Monodonta），是原始腹足目钟螺科的一属。

拉马克于1801年将本属从林奈的钟螺属（Trochus）中分离出来，以草席钟螺（Monodonta labio）为模式种。

本属的学名直译就是“单齿螺”，而这名称也是来自中国大陆的文献最普遍使用的译名。然而，“单齿螺”这个译名有歧义：还有另一个螺的属也可译作“单齿螺”；但本属的台湾译名“草席钟螺属”并不会引起歧义，所以本条采取了这个译名。

## 特征

本属通常拥有厚重的圆锥状螺旋形硬壳，壳表面光滑或有螺旋凸纹，开口外缘内面有褶皱。瓷质的短轴柱坚固、呈膨大圆柱状、近基部或多或少带锯齿状，齿与基底边缘之间有方形槽沟纹。壳洞高位开口而宽阔。

## 分布

从印度洋中西部、中印半岛、马来群岛至大洋洲，包括菲律宾、日本、澳洲（北领地、昆士兰州、西澳大利亚州）等都有本属的分布。

## 物种

本属物种计有：

- Monodonta australis (Lamarck, 1816)
- Monodonta canalifera Lamarck, 1816
- 圆草席钟螺 Monodonta confusa Tapparone-Canefri, 1874
- Monodonta gibbula Thiele, 1925
- Monodonta glabrata Gould, 1861
- 草席钟螺 Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Monodonta lugubris Lamarck, 1822
- Monodonta nebulosa Forsskal in Niebuhr, 1775
- 黑草席钟螺 Monodonta neritoides (Philippi, 1849)
- 扭钟螺 Monodonta perplexa Pilsbry, 1889
- Monodonta turbinata
- Monodonta vermiculata (P. Fischer, 1874)
- Monodonta viridis Lamarck, 1816

曾列于本属名下的物种异名：

- Monodonta (Osilinus) Philippi, 1847 = Osilinus Philippi, 1847
- Monodonta adelaidae Philippi, 1849 = Chlorodiloma adelaidae (Philippi, 1849)
- Monodonta aegyptiaca Lamarck, 1822 = Rubritrochus declivis (Forskål, 1775)
- Monodonta alveolata A. Adams, 1853 = Herpetopoma instrictum (Gould, 1849)
- Monodonta angulifera A. Adams, 1853 = Perrinia angulifera (A. Adams, 1853)
- Monodonta belliaei Michaud, 1829 = Homalopoma sanguineum (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Monodonta berthelotii d'Orbigny, 1840 = Clanculus berthelotii (d'Orbigny, 1840)
- Monodonta bourcierei Crosse, 1863 = Herpetopoma instrictum (Gould, 1849)
- Monodonta carchedonius Lamarck, 1822 = Modulus carchedonius (Lamarck, 1822)
- Monodonta clathrata A. Adams, 1853 = Vaceuchelus clathratus (A. Adams, 1853)
- Monodonta colubrina (Gould, 1851) = Osilinus sauciatus (Koch, 1845)
- Monodonta conica Gray, 1827 = Thalotia conica (Gray, 1827)
- Monodonta constellata (Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863) = Trochus constellatus Souverbie in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1863
- Monodonta constricta Lamarck, 1822 = Austrocochlea constricta (Lamarck, 1822)
- Monodonta coronaria Lamarck, 1816 = Tectarius grandinatus (Gmelin, 1791)
- Monodonta couturii Payraudeau, B.-C., 1826 = Clanculus corallinus (Gmelin, J.F., 1791)
- Monodonta crinita Philippi, 1849 = Chlorodiloma crinita (Philippi, 1849)
- Monodonta dama (Philippi, 1848): synonym of Monodonta nebulosa Forsskal in Niebuhr, 1775
- Monodonta draparnaudii Payraudeau, 1826 = Phorcus articulatus (Lamarck, 1822)
- Monodonta fischeri Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1866 = Herpetopoma fischeri (Montrouzier in Souverbie & Montrouzier, 1866); synonym of Herpetopoma exasperatum (A. Adams, 1853)
- Monodonta foveolata A. Adams, 1853 = Vaceuchelus clathratus (A. Adams, 1853)
- Monodonta fragaroides Lamarck, 1822 = Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778)
- Monodonta fulgurata (Philippi, 1846): synonym of Oxystele fulgurata (Philippi, 1848)
- Monodonta glomus Philippi, 1844 = Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826)
- Monodonta immanis Fischer, 1880 = Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Monodonta jussieui Payraudeau, 1826 = Clanculus jussieui (Payraudeau, 1826)
- Monodonta kraussii Philippi, 1846 = Clanculus kraussii (Philippi, 1846)
- Monodonta lessoni Payraudeau, 1826 = Gibbula divaricata (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Monodonta limbata Philippi, 1844 = Danilia tinei (Calcara, 1839)
- Monodonta lineata (Da Costa, 1778) synonym of Osilinus lineatus (da Costa, 1778)
- Monodonta margaritaria Philippi, 1846 = Clanculus margaritarius (Philippi, 1846)
- Monodonta melaurchelonis Philippi = Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Monodonta mutabilis (Philippi, 1846) = Phorcus mutabilis (Philippi, 1846)
- Monodonta obscura (Wood, 1828): synonym of Priotrochus obscurus (W. Wood, 1828)
- Monodonta olivieri Payraudeau, 1826 = Phorcus turbinatus (Born, 1778)
- Monodonta punicea Philippi, 1846 = Clanculus puniceus (Philippi, 1846)
- Monodonta richardi Payraudeau, 1826(Payraudeau, 1826)
- Monodonta rubra A. Adams, 1851 = Herpetopoma rubrum (A. Adams, 1851)
- Monodonta sagittifera Lamarck = Oxystele impervia (Menke, 1843)
- Monodonta subrostrata Gray, 1835 = Diloma subrostrata (Gray, 1835)
- Monodonta tigrinus Odhner, 1923 = Oxystele tigrina (Anton, 1838)
- Monodonta tinei Calcara, 1839 = Danilia tinei (Calcara, 1839)
- Monodonta tridentata Potiez & Michaud, 1838 = Tegula tridentata (Potiez & Michaud, 1838)
- Monodonta tuberculata A. Adams, 1853 = Monodonta labio (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Monodonta ulvae Risso, 1826 = Phorcus articulatus (Lamarck, 1822)
- Monodonta vieilliotii Payraudeau, 1826 = Clanculus cruciatus (Linnaeus, 1758)

## 参考文献

- Lamarck, 1799, Mémoires de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris, 1: 74; Monodon Cuvier, 1817 is an incorrect subsequent spelling.
- Montfort, 1810, Conchyliologie systématique, 2: 194; Unjustified emendation of Monodonta
- Moore, R.C. (1964). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part 1. Kansas : University of Kansas Press and Geological Society of America. Vol.1
- Donald K.M., Kennedy M. & Spencer H.G. (2005) The phylogeny and taxonomy of austral monodontine topshells (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Trochidae), inferred from DNA sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 474-483.
- Williams S.T., Donald K.M., Spencer H.G. & Nakano T. (2010) Molecular systematics of the marine gastropod families Trochidae and Calliostomatidae (Mollusca: Superfamily Trochoidea). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54:783-809.

## 基本资料

- 说明：草席钟螺 Monodonta labio
- 学名：Monodonta
- 命名者：Lamarck, 1799
- 模式种：草席钟螺、Monodonta labio
- type_species_authority：(Linnaeus, 1758)
- subdivision_ranks：物种
- 栽培群成员：见内文
- 异名：Labio Oken, 1815、Monodontes Montfort, 1810、Neomonodonta Kuroda & Habe, 1971、Odontis Sowerby, 1825、Pimpellies Gistel, 1848、Trochidon Swainson, 1840