石磺科

石磺科（学名：Onchidiidae）是一种体型细小、会呼吸空气的海蛞蝓与陆地蛞蝓，缩柄眼目之下的一个科。除了五个属以外，其余各属均没有螺壳的有肺类 腹足纲软体动物。本科是石磺总科（Onchidioidea）之下唯一一个科，而且之下也没有再细分为亚科。

## 特征

卵圆形身体，长4－5厘米，无壳；体外被有灰褐色革质外套膜，眼睛位于触角顶端，或眼多排列于背上；鳃成树枝状，突出体的后部；肛门旁有呼吸孔与肺相通，出水则打开，入水则闭合。

## 分布

主要分布于中国大陆、台湾，常栖息在潮间带礁岩区。

## 下级分类

本科包括以下属：

Alionchis｜Goulding & Dayrat, 2018

- Alionchis jailoloensis Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Alionchis meriakrii (Stantschinsky, 1907)

Hoffmannola｜Strand, 1932

Laspionchis｜Dayrat & Goulding, 2019

- Laspionchis boucheti Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Laspionchis bourkei Dayrat & Goulding, 2019

Marmaronchis｜Dayrat & Goulding, 2018

- Marmaronchis marmoratus (Lesson, 1831)
- Marmaronchis vaigiensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1825)

Melayonchis｜Dayrat & Goulding, 2017

- Melayonchis aileenae Dayrat & Goulding, 2017
- Melayonchis annae Dayrat, 2017
- Melayonchis eberlyi Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Melayonchis eloisae Dayrat, 2017
- Melayonchis siongkiati Dayrat & Goulding, 2017
- Melayonchis tillieri Dayrat, 2019

Onchidella｜J.E. Gray, 1850

- Onchidella accrensis (Plate, 1893)
- Onchidella armadilla (Mörch, 1863)
- Onchidella binneyi Stearns, 1894
- Onchidella borealis Dall, 1872
- Onchidella brattstroemi Ev.Marcus, 1978
- Onchidella carpenteri (W.G.Binney, 1860)
- Onchidella celtica (Audouin & Milne-Edwards, 1832)
- Onchidella celtica (Cuvier, 1817)
- Onchidella celtica (Forbes & Hanley, 1852)
- Onchidella evelinae Er.Marcus & J.B.Burch, 1965
- Onchidella floridana (Dall, 1885)
- Onchidella (Hoffmannola) hansi (Ev. Marcus and Er. Marcus, 1967)
- Onchidella incisa (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
- Onchidella indolens (Couthouy, 1852)
- Onchidella kurodai (Iw.Taki, 1935)
- Onchidella maculata (Plate, 1893)
- Onchidella marginata (Couthouy, 1852)
- Onchidella miusha Ev.Marcus, 1978
- Onchidella monodi (Gabe, Prenant & Sourie, 1951)
- Onchidella nigricans (Quoy & Gaimard, 1832)
- Onchidella oniscioides (Blainville, 1816)
- Onchidella orientalis (Iw.Taki, 1935)
- Onchidella pachyderma (Plate, 1893)
- Onchidella patelloide
- Onchidella philippei Ev.Marcus, 1979
- Onchidella reticulata (C.Semper, 1880)
- Onchidella souriei (Gabe & Prenant, 1955)
- Onchidella steindachneri (C.Semper, 1882)
- Onchidella wah Ev.Marcus, 1978
- Oncidiella tabularis Tapparone Canefri, 1883

Onchidina｜C. Semper, 1882

- Onchidina australis (C.Semper, 1880)
- Onchidina guineensis (Labbé, 1934)

石磺属｜Onchidium｜Buchannan, 1800

Paromoionchis｜Dayrat & Goulding, 2019

- Paromoionchis boholensis Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis daemelii (C.Semper, 1880)
- Paromoionchis goslineri Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis penangensis Dayrat & Goulding, 2019
- Paromoionchis tumidus (C.Semper, 1880)

Peronia｜J. Fleming, 1822

Peronia｜J. Fleming, 1822

Peronina｜Plate, 1893

- Peronina tenera (Stoliczka, 1869)
- Peronina zulfigari Goulding & Dayrat, 2018

Platevindex｜H. B. Baker, 1938

- Platevindex amboinae (Plate, 1893)
- Platevindex applanatus (Simroth, 1920)
- Platevindex aptei Goulding & Dayrat, 2021
- Platevindex burnupi (Collinge, 1902)
- Platevindex cinereus (Odhner, 1917)
- Platevindex coriaceus (C.Semper, 1882)
- Platevindex latus (Plate, 1893)
- Platevindex luteus (C.Semper, 1882)
- Platevindex martensi (Plate, 1893)
- Platevindex mortoni Britton, 1984
- Platevindex tigrinus (Stoliczka, 1869)

Semperoncis｜Starobogatov, 1976

- Semperoncis glaber (C.Semper, 1880)
- Semperoncis huberti (Labbé, 1934)
- Semperoncis montanus (Plate, 1893)
- Semperoncis ponsonbyi (Collinge, 1901)

Wallaconchis｜Goulding & Dayrat, 2018

- Wallaconchis achleitneri Goulding, 2018
- Wallaconchis ater (Lesson, 1831)
- Wallaconchis buetschlii (Stantschinsky, 1907)
- Wallaconchis comendadori Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Wallaconchis fungiformis (Stantschinsky, 1907)
- Wallaconchis gracilis (Stantschinsky, 1907)
- Wallaconchis graniferus (C.Semper, 1880)
- Wallaconchis melanesiensis Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Wallaconchis nangkauriensis (Plate, 1893)
- Wallaconchis ovalis (C.Semper, 1880)
- Wallaconchis simrothi (Plate, 1893)
- Wallaconchis sinanui Goulding & Dayrat, 2018
- Wallaconchis uncinus Goulding & Dayrat, 2018

## 基本资料

- 日语原文：石磺科、Onchidiidae
- 学名：Onchidiidae
- 命名者：Rafinesque, 1815
- subdivision_ranks：属
- 栽培群成员：见内文
- 异名：Hoffmannolidae Starobogatov, 1976、Onchidinidae Starobogatov, 1976、Onchidellidae Labbé, 1934、Peroniidae Keferstein, 1865、Peroninidae Starobogatov, 1976、Platevindecidae Starobogatov, 1976、Quoyellidae Starobogatov, 1976、Scaphidae Labbé, 1934