剑水蚤属

剑水蚤属（学名：Cyclops）是剑水蚤科下的一个属，其物种亦是最常见的淡水桡脚类生物，包括有超过400个不同物种，当中在大中华地区有发现的有三种。

连同其他体型同样微小的非桡脚类甲壳亚门物种，特别是枝角目，常被泛称为“水蚤”。

## 语源

本属的学名Cyclops源自希腊神话的独眼巨人，因为两者同样有一只大眼睛。剑水蚤属的大眼睛的颜色或红或黑。

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## 生物学防治

及 这两个细小鱼类的属都以剑水蚤属物种为食。在印度的卡纳塔克邦利用了这两种鱼的食性来去除可能感染了麦地那龙线虫幼虫的水蚤，从而消除透过受污染食水而引起的麦地那龙线虫病。

## 物种

本属过往曾包括有多个亚属，但这些亚属目前均已独立出来成为各个属，但在部分文献（例如：《中国动物志》）仍然可能使用旧的分类。

现时本属包括的物种计有：

Cyclops abnobensis｜Brehm, 1958

Cyclops abyssicola｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops abyssorum｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops acanthoides｜Douwe, 1914

Cyclops adolescens｜Herrick, 1882

Cyclops aequoreus｜Fischer, 1860

近亲剑水蚤｜Cyclops affinis｜G. O. Sars, 1863

非洲剑水蚤｜Cyclops africanus｜Bourne, 1893

Cyclops agilis｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops agiloides｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops alajensis｜Ulyanin, 1874

Cyclops albicans｜G. W. Smith, 1909

白剑水蚤｜Cyclops albidus｜Jurine, 1820

Cyclops alius｜Kiefer, 1935

Cyclops alpestris｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops alticola｜Kiefer, 1935

Cyclops americanus｜Marsh, 1893

Cyclops amoenus｜Mann, 1940

Cyclops anceps｜(Richard, 1897)

Cyclops angustus｜S. Grassel, 1999

Cyclops ankyrae｜Mann, 1940

Cyclops anninae｜Menzel, 1926

Cyclops annulatus｜Wierzejski, 1893

Cyclops annulicornis｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops anophthalmus｜Joseph, 1882

Cyclops argulus｜(Fabricius, 1793)

Cyclops armatus｜Tilesius, 1815

Cyclops arnaudi｜G. O. Sars, 1908

Cyclops aspericornis｜Daday, 1906

Cyclops ater｜Herrick, 1882

Cyclops attenuatus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops aurantius｜Fischer, 1860

澳洲剑水蚤｜Cyclops australis｜King, 1855

Cyclops baicalensis｜Vassilieva, 1950

Cyclops bathybius｜Daday, 1896

二色剑水蚤｜Cyclops bicolor｜G. O. Sars, 1863

二刺剑水蚤｜Cyclops bicuspidatus｜Claus, 1857，二棘剑水蚤

Cyclops bisetosus｜Rehberg, 1880

Cyclops bissextilis｜Willey, 1925

Cyclops bistriatus｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops bodamicus｜Vosseler, 1886

Cyclops bodanus｜Kiefer, 1954

Cyclops bogoriensis｜Menzel, 1926

Cyclops bohater｜Kozminski, 1933

Cyclops bohemicus｜Srámek-Husek, 1938

Cyclops bopsini｜Studer, 1878

Cyclops brachypus｜(Kiefer, 1955)

Cyclops bracteatus｜(O. F. Müller, 1776)

Cyclops brasiliensis｜Dana, 1849

Cyclops brehmi｜(Kiefer, 1927)

短尾剑水蚤｜Cyclops brevicaudatus｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops brevicornis｜Baird, 1835

Cyclops brevicornis｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops brevipes｜Brady, 1910

Cyclops brevisetosus｜Daday, 1885

短棘剑水蚤｜Cyclops brevispinosus｜Herrick, 1884

Cyclops brucei｜T. Scott, 1899

Cyclops buxtoni｜Gurney, 1921

Cyclops cabanensis｜Russki, 1889

Cyclops caeruleus｜O. F. Müller, 1776

Cyclops canadensis｜Einsle, 1988

Cyclops canthocarpoides｜Fischer, 1851

Cyclops capillatus｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops capilliferus｜S. A. Forbes, 1893

Cyclops carolinianus｜Yeatman, 1944

Cyclops caspicus｜Lindberg, 1942

Cyclops castor｜Desmarest, 1825

Cyclops caudatus｜(G. O. Sars, 1927)

Cyclops cavernarum｜Ulrich, 1902

Cyclops ceibaensis｜Marsh, 1919

Cyclops cerberus｜Chappuis, 1934

Cyclops charon｜Kiefer, 1931

Cyclops chelifer｜O. F. Müller, 1776

Cyclops chiltoni｜G. M. Thomson, 1883

Cyclops christianensis｜Boeck, 1872

Cyclops ciliatus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops clandestinus｜Yeatman, 1964

Cyclops claudiopolitanus｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops clausii｜Lubbock, 1863

Cyclops clausii｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops claviger｜O. F. Müller, 1785

Cyclops coecus｜Pratz, 1866

Cyclops coeruleus｜O. F. Müller, 1785

Cyclops colchidanus｜Borutsky, 1930

Cyclops columbianus｜Grassel, 1956

Cyclops communis｜Lindberg, 1938

Cyclops compactus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops coronatus｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops crassicaudis｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops crassicaudoides｜Kiefer, 1928

Cyclops crassicornis｜O. F. Müller, 1785

Cyclops crinitus｜Graeter, 1910

Cyclops croaticus｜Krmpotic, 1924

Cyclops cunningtoni｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops curticaudus｜Dana, 1847

Cyclops curticornis｜O. F. Müller, 1785

Cyclops cyprinaceus｜(Shaw, 1789)

Cyclops davidi｜Chappuis, 1922

Cyclops delachauxi｜Kiefer, 1925

Cyclops delphinus｜(O. F. Müller, 1785)

Cyclops demetiensis｜Scourfield, 1932

Cyclops dengizicus｜Lepeshkin, 1900

Cyclops dentatimanus｜Marsh, 1913

Cyclops dentatus｜Rehberg, 1880

Cyclops dentatus｜Koch, 1844

Cyclops denticulatus｜Nicolet, 1849

Cyclops depressus｜Baird, 1837

Cyclops diaphanus｜Fischer, 1853

Cyclops diminuta｜Lindberg, 1937

Cyclops dimorphus｜Kiefer, 1934

Cyclops distans｜Kiefer, 1956

Cyclops distinctus｜Richard, 1887

Cyclops diversus｜(Kiefer, 1935)

Cyclops divulsus｜Lindberg, 1956

Cyclops donnaldsoni｜Chappuis, 1929

Cyclops dubitabilis｜Kiefer, 1934

Cyclops dubius｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops dulvertonensis｜G. W. Smith, 1909

Cyclops dumasti｜Joly, 1883

Cyclops dybowskii｜Landé, 1890

Cyclops eboracensis｜Brady, 1902

Cyclops echinatus｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops ecornis｜Tilesius, 1819

Cyclops edax｜S. A. Forbes, 1890

Cyclops elegans｜Herrick, 1884

Cyclops elgonensis｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops elongatus｜Claus, 1863

Cyclops emini｜Mrázek, 1898

Cyclops entzii｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops euacanthus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops ewarti｜Brady, 1888

Cyclops exiguus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops exilis｜Coker, 1934

Cyclops exsulis｜Gauthier, 1951

Cyclops falsus｜Kiefer, 1929

Cyclops fasciacornis｜Cragin, 1883

Cyclops fedtschenkoi｜Ulyanin, 1875

Cyclops feuerborni｜Kiefer, 1933

Cyclops fimbriatus｜Fischer, 1853

Cyclops finmarchicus｜O. F. Müller, 1776

Cyclops fischeri｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops flexipes｜Kokubo, 1912

Cyclops fluviatilis｜Herrick, 1882

Cyclops foliaceus｜(Linnaeus, 1758)

Cyclops forbesi｜Herrick, 1895

Cyclops formosanus｜Harada, 1931

Cyclops fragilis｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops franciscoloi｜Brian, 1951

Cyclops frivaldszkyi｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops furcatus｜Baird, 1837

叉足剑水蚤｜Cyclops furcifer｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops furi｜Kozhova & Pavlov, 1986

Cyclops fuscus｜Jurine, 1820

Cyclops gauthieri｜Green, 1963

Cyclops gemellus｜(Gurney, 1928)

Cyclops geoffroyi｜Samouelle, 1819

Cyclops gibbus｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops gibsoni｜Brady, 1904

Cyclops gigas｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops glacialis｜Brady, 1910

Cyclops gnatho｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops gracilicornis｜Landé, 1891

Cyclops gracilis｜Lilljeborg, 1853

Cyclops graeteri｜Chappuis, 1927

Cyclops grandis｜Kiefer, 1935

Cyclops grandispinifer｜Lindberg, 1940

Cyclops gredleri｜Heller, 1871

Cyclops gyrinus｜S. A. Forbes, 1890

Cyclops hadjebensis｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops halepensis｜Chappuis, 1922

Cyclops hamatus｜Sovinsky, 1888

Cyclops harpacticoides｜Shmankevich, 1875

Cyclops haueri｜Kiefer, 1931

Cyclops heberti｜Einsle, 1996

Cyclops helgolandicus｜Rehberg, 1880

Cyclops helleri｜Brady, 1878

Cyclops horvathii｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops hungaricus｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops hutchinsoni｜Kiefer, 1936

Cyclops hypogeus｜Kiefer, 1930

Cyclops ignaeus｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops igneus｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops incertus｜Wolf, 1905

Cyclops indolusitanicus｜Lindberg, 1938

Cyclops inermis｜Tilesius, 1812

Cyclops infernus｜Kiefer, 1930

Cyclops ingens｜Herrick, 1882

Cyclops inopinatus｜(G. O. Sars, 1927)

Cyclops inopinus｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops insectus｜S. A. Forbes, 1882

Cyclops insignis｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops intermedius｜Sovinsky, 1888

Cyclops isodactylus｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops jashnovi｜Streletskaya, 1990

Cyclops javanus｜Kiefer, 1930

Cyclops jeanneli｜Chappuis, 1929

Cyclops johnstoni｜Baird, 1834

Cyclops josephi｜Moniez, 1887

Cyclops juri｜Parveen, Mahoon & Saleem, 1990

Cyclops karamani｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops karvei｜Kiefer & Moorthy, 1935

Cyclops kaufmanni｜Ulyanin, 1875

Cyclops kentanensis｜Harada, 1931

Cyclops kieferi｜Chappuis, 1925

Cyclops kievensis｜Sovinsky, 1887

Cyclops kikuchii｜Smirnov, 1932

Cyclops kolensis｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops korostyschevi｜Sovinsky, 1888

Cyclops kozminskii｜Lindberg, 1942

Cyclops krillei｜Studer, 1878

Cyclops lacinulatus｜O. F. Müller, 1776

Cyclops lacunae｜Lowndes, 1926

Cyclops lacustris｜G. O. Sars, 1863

拉达克剑水蚤｜Cyclops ladakanus｜Kiefer, 1936

Cyclops laevimargo｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops landei｜Mahoon & Zia, 1985

Cyclops languidoides｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops languidulus｜Willey, 1925

Cyclops languidus｜(G. O. Sars, 1863)

Cyclops lascivus｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops laticauda｜Templeton, 1836

Cyclops latipes｜Lowndes, 1927

Cyclops latissimus｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops laurenticus｜Lindberg, 1956

Cyclops learii｜Ulrich, 1902

Cyclops leewenhoekii｜Hoek, 1878

Cyclops leptopus｜Kiefer, 1927

Cyclops leuckarti｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops lilljeborgi｜G. O. Sars, 1918

Cyclops linjanticus｜Kiefer, 1928

Cyclops littoralis｜Brady, 1872

Cyclops lobulosus｜Ekman, 1905

Cyclops longicaudatus｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops longispina｜Templeton, 1836

Cyclops longistylis｜Brady, 1907

Cyclops lubbocki｜Brady, 1869

Cyclops lucidulus｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops maarensis｜Vosseler, 1889

Cyclops macleayi｜Dana, 1847

Cyclops macruroides｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops macrurus｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops macuroides｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops madagascariensis｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops magniceps｜Lilljeborg, 1853

Cyclops magnoctavus｜Cragin, 1883

大剑水蚤｜Cyclops magnus｜(Marsh, 1920)

Cyclops malayicus｜Kiefer, 1930

Cyclops margaretae｜Lindberg, 1938

Cyclops margoi｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops marinus｜Prestandrea, 1833

Cyclops matritensis｜Velasquez, 1941

Cyclops mendocinus｜Wierzejski, 1893

Cyclops menzeli｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops meridianus｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops michaelseni｜Mrázek, 1901

Cyclops micropus｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops miles｜Nicolet, 1849

Cyclops miniatus｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops minimus｜Kiefer, 1933

Cyclops minnilus｜S. A. Forbes, 1893

Cyclops minuticornis｜O. F. Müller, 1785

Cyclops minutissimus｜Kiefer, 1933

Cyclops minutus｜Claus, 1863

Cyclops minutus｜O. F. Müller, 1776

Cyclops modestus｜Herrick, 1883

Cyclops moghulensis｜Lindberg, 1939

Cyclops monacanthus｜Kiefer, 1928

Cyclops monardi｜Perret, 1925

Cyclops mongoliensis｜Einsle, 1992

Cyclops mulleri｜Ferussac, 1806

Cyclops muscicola｜Menzel, 1926

Cyclops muscicolus｜Lastochkin, 1927

Cyclops nanus｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops naviculus｜Say, 1818

Cyclops navus｜Herrick, 1882

Cyclops nearcticus｜Kiefer, 1934

Cyclops necessarius｜Kiefer, 1926

Cyclops neglectus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops neumani｜Pesta, 1927

Cyclops neymanae｜Streletskaya, 1990

Cyclops niceae｜Mann, 1940

Cyclops nigeriae｜Brady, 1910

Cyclops nigricauda｜Norman, 1869

Cyclops nivalis｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops novaezealandiae｜G. M. Thomson, 1879

Cyclops nubicus｜Chappuis, 1922

Cyclops obesicornis｜Templeton, 1836

Cyclops obsoletus｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops ochridanus｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops odessanus｜Shmankevich, 1875

长刺剑水蚤｜Cyclops oithonoides｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops oligarthrus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops operculatus｜Chappuis, 1917

东方剑水蚤｜Cyclops orientalis｜Ulyanin, 1875

Cyclops ornatus｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops ovalis｜Brady, 1872

Cyclops pachycomus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops pallidus｜Norman, 1869

Cyclops paludicola｜Herbst, 1959

Cyclops palustris｜Sovinsky, 1888

Cyclops panamensis｜Marsh, 1913

Cyclops papuanus｜Daday, 1901

Cyclops paradyi｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops paraplesius｜Kiefer, 1929

Cyclops parcus｜Herrick, 1882

Cyclops pauper｜Fric, 1871

Cyclops pectinatus｜Herrick, 1883

Cyclops pectinifer｜Cragin, 1883

Cyclops pelagicus｜(Rose, 1929)

Cyclops pennatus｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops pentagonus｜Vosseler, 1886

Cyclops perarmatus｜Cragin, 1883

Cyclops phaleratus｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops phaleroides｜Labbé, 1927

Cyclops philippinensis｜Marsh, 1932

Cyclops phreaticus｜Chappuis, 1928

Cyclops pictus｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops pilosus｜Kiefer, 1934

Cyclops piscinus｜(Linnaeus, 1761)

Cyclops planus｜Gurney, 1909

Cyclops plumosus｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops poggenpolii｜Sovinsky, 1888

Cyclops poppei｜Rehberg, 1880

Cyclops potamius｜Burckhardt, 1913

葱绿剑水蚤｜Cyclops prasinus｜Fischer, 1860

Cyclops prealpinus｜Kiefer, 1939

Cyclops procerus｜Herbst, 1955

Cyclops productus｜(O. F. Müller, 1785)

Cyclops prolatus｜Kiefer, 1935

Cyclops pubescens｜Dana, 1847

Cyclops purpureus｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops pusillus｜Brady, 1904

Cyclops puteanus｜Frey, 1869

Cyclops pygmaeus｜Rehberg, 1880

Cyclops quadricornis｜(Linnaeus, 1758)

Cyclops quinquepartitus｜Marsh, 1913

Cyclops racovitzai｜Chappuis, 1923

Cyclops rarispinus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops reductus｜Chappuis, 1925

Cyclops restrictus｜Lindberg, 1948

Cyclops ricae｜Monchenko, 1977

Cyclops richardi｜Lindberg, 1942

Cyclops robustus｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops roseus｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops rostratus｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops roumaniae｜Cosmovici, 1900

Cyclops royi｜Lindberg, 1940

Cyclops rubellus｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops rubens｜O. F. Müller, 1785

Cyclops salinus｜Brady, 1903

Cyclops salmoneus｜(J. C. Fabricius, 1792)

Cyclops saltatonius｜(O. F. Müller, 1776)

Cyclops sanfilippoi｜Brian, 1951

Cyclops sanguineus｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops schmeili｜Poppe & Mrázek, 1895

Cyclops scourfieldi｜Brady, 1891

Cyclops scutifer｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops semiserratus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops sensitivus｜Graeter & Chappuis, 1914

Cyclops serratus｜Pratz, 1866

Cyclops serrulatoides｜Labbé, 1927

Cyclops serrulatus｜Fischer, 1851

Cyclops setiger｜Frey, 1869

Cyclops setosus｜Haldeman, 1842

Cyclops sevani｜Meshkova, 1947

Cyclops shatalovi｜Streletskaya, 1990

标志剑水蚤｜Cyclops signatus｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops silesicus｜Schäfer, 1934

Cyclops silvestrii｜Brian, 1927

长腹剑水蚤｜Cyclops similis｜Templeton, 1836

Cyclops simillimus｜Brady, 1907

简剑水蚤｜Cyclops simplex｜Poggenpol, 1874

Cyclops skopljensis｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops smirnovi｜Rylov, 1948

Cyclops soli｜Kokubo, 1912

Cyclops spartinus｜Ruber, 1966

分离剑水蚤｜Cyclops speratus｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops spinifer｜Daday, 1902

Cyclops spinulosus｜Claus, 1893

Cyclops stagnalis｜Einsle, 1996

Cyclops staheli｜Chappuis, 1917

Cyclops staphylinus｜Desmarest, 1825

英勇剑水蚤｜Cyclops strenuus｜Fischer, 1851

Cyclops stroemii｜Baird, 1834

Cyclops stuhlmanni｜Mrázek, 1895

Cyclops stygius｜Chappuis, 1924

Cyclops subaequalis｜Kiefer, 1928

Cyclops subterraneus｜Pratz, 1866

Cyclops subtropicus｜Lindberg, 1937

Cyclops sumatranus｜Kiefer, 1933

Cyclops sydneyensis｜Schmeil, 1898

Cyclops sylvestrii｜Brian, 1927

Cyclops taipehensis｜Harada, 1930

Cyclops tanganicae｜(Gurney, 1928)

Cyclops tatricus｜Kozminski, 1927

Cyclops tenellus｜G. O. Sars, 1909

Cyclops tenuicaudis｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops tenuicornis｜Claus, 1857

Cyclops tenuipes｜(Philippi, 1843)

Cyclops tenuis｜Marsh, 1910

Cyclops tenuisaccus｜G. O. Sars, 1927

Cyclops tenuissimus｜Herrick, 1883

Cyclops teras｜Graeter, 1907

Cyclops thomasi｜S. A. Forbes, 1882

Cyclops thorace｜(Ström, 1770)

Cyclops transilvanicus｜Daday, 1885

Cyclops tricolor｜Lindberg, 1937

Cyclops trisetosus｜Herbst, 1957

Cyclops triumvirorum｜Kiefer, 1935

Cyclops troglodytes｜Chappuis, 1923

Cyclops troglophilus｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops tropicus｜Kiefer, 1932

Cyclops trouchanowi｜Sovinsky, 1888

Cyclops uljanini｜Sovinsky, 1887

Cyclops uniangulatus｜Cragin, 1883

Cyclops unisetiger｜Graeter, 1899

Cyclops uruguayensis｜Kiefer, 1935

Cyclops varicans｜G. O. Sars, 1863

Cyclops varicoides｜Brady, 1908

变色剑水蚤｜Cyclops varius｜Lilljeborg, 1901

Cyclops venustoides｜Coker, 1934

Cyclops venustus｜Norman & T. Scott, 1906

春季剑水蚤｜Cyclops vernalis｜Fischer, 1853

近邻剑水蚤｜Cyclops vicinus｜Ulyanin, 1875

近邻剑水蚤｜Cyclops vicinus vicinus

叶片剑水蚤｜Cyclops vicinus lobosus

Cyclops viduus｜Kiefer, 1933

文森特剑水蚤｜Cyclops vincentianus｜Brian, 1927

Cyclops vinceus｜Shmankevich, 1875

Cyclops virescens｜Brady, 1910

绿剑水蚤｜Cyclops viridis｜(Jurine, 1820)

Cyclops viridosignatus｜E. F. Byrnes, 1909

Cyclops vitiensis｜Dana, 1847

Cyclops vulgaris｜Koch, 1838

Cyclops wigrensis｜Streletskaya, 1988

Cyclops zschokkei｜Graeter, 1910

## 流行文化

- 在卡通片海绵宝宝的故事有一个反派角色“皮老板”，就是以本属物种为蓝本，有两条触角和一只大眼睛。

## 外部链接

- Illustration, description - Cyclops

## 基本资料

- 学名：Cyclops
- 命名者：1785
- 异名：Monoculus Linnaeus, 1758、Nauplius Müller, 1785