比特里斯·亚瑟

比特里斯·亚瑟（Beatrice Arthur，1922年5月13日－2009年4月25日）是一位美国女演员和歌手，职业生涯长达七十年。亚瑟在上世纪70年代的情景喜剧《一家子》（1971–72）和80年代的情景喜剧《黄金女郎》（1985–92）中出演角色。并因这些角色获得黄金时段艾美奖。也因为戏剧表演而获得托尼奖音乐剧类最佳女配角。

## 早年生活

1922年5月13日比特里斯·亚瑟在纽约市出生，名字是Bernice Frankel。亚瑟是犹太人。1933年，她随家人搬到剑桥，在那里她的父母经营一家女装服饰专门店。她曾就读于一所全女子寄宿学校，在那里她就活跃于戏剧制作。二战期间，她曾在美国海军陆战队服役。

## 个人生活

亚瑟结过两次婚。她的第一次婚姻是在她从军期间，她嫁给了编剧，电视和电影制片人和导演罗伯特·艾伦·亚瑟，他们于1950年离婚。不久后，她嫁给了导演吉恩·塞克斯，与他收养了两个儿子：Matthew（1961年出生），演员；Daniel（1964年出生），设计师。他们的婚姻维持到1980年。

亚瑟长期为妇女，老人，以及犹太人和LGBT社区民权进行倡导，她的慈善工作和个人的坦率直言使她成为同志偶像。

## 去世

2009年4月25日凌晨亚瑟在家中去世。她的家人承认死因是癌症，但拒绝透露具体是什么类型。她遗下两个儿子和两个孙女。她的遗体被火化。

亚瑟遗赠30万美元给纽约市的阿里福尼中心，该组织为无家可归的LGBT青少年提供住房。该中心在2012年10月被飓风桑迪摧毁。

## 电视作品

、Kraft Television Theatre (1951–1958)、Once Upon a Tune (1951)、Westinghouse Studio One (1951–1953, 1955-1958)、Max Liebman Presents: Kaleidoscope (1955)、Caesar's Hour (1954–1956)、Washington Square (1957)、The Steve Allen Show (1957)、The Seven Lively Arts (1958)、Tonight Starring Jack Parr (1958)、Omnibus (1958)、The Gift of the Magi (1958)、The George Gobel Show (1959)、That Kind of Woman (1959)、The Best of Anything (1960)、The Perry Como Show (1961)、The Garry Moore Show (1962)、The Sid Caesar Show (1963)、Lovers and Other Strangers (1970)、《一家子》 (1971 & 1972)、Maude (1972–1978)、The 45th Annual Academy Awards (1973)、The Merv Griffin Show (1974-1976-1985)、The 28th Annual Tony Awards (1974)、The Mike Douglas Show (1974 & 1980)、Mame with (Lucille Ball) (1974)、The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson (1974–1977, 1980, 1985, 1986, 1990)、Dinah Shore (1975, 1976, 1980)、Saturday Night Live (1976 & 1979)、Cos (1976)、The 31st Annual Tony Awards (1977)、The 29th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1977)、Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In (1977)、CBS: On the Air (1978)、The 30th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1978)、Star Wars Holiday Special (1978)、The Mary Tyler Moore Hour (1979)、The Beatrice Arthur Special (1980)、30 Years of TV Comedy’s Greatest Hits: To Laughter with Love (1980)、Soap (1980)、Bob Hope Special: Bob Hope-Hope, Women and Song (1980)、Omnibus (1981)、The 35th Annual Tony Awards (1981)、The 33rd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1981)、History of the World, Part I (1981)、Bob Hope’s Women I Love-Beautiful but Funny (1982)、Nights of 100 Stars (1982)、Broadway Plays Washington on Kennedy Center Tonight (1982)、Amanda's (1983)、The 9th Annual People's Choice Awards (1983)、The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast: Joan Collins (1984)、The 1st Academy TV Hall of Fame (1984)、a.k.a. Pablo (1984)、P.O.P. (1984)、The NBC All Star Hour (1985)、Entertainment Tonight (1985)、《黄金女郎》 (1985–1992)、The 37th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1985)、The 10th Circus of the Stars (1985)、The 40th Annual Tony Awards (1986)、All Star Party for Clint Eastwood (1986)、The 38th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1986)、NBC 60th Anniversary Celebration (1986)、The 43rd Annual Golden Globe Awards (1986)、Walt Disney World's 15th Birthday Celebration (1986)、Late Night with David Letterman (1986)、The 46th Annual Golden Apple Awards (1986)、The Kennedy Center Honors: A Celebration of the Performing Arts (1986)、The 39th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1987)、All Star Party for Joan Collins (1987)、Comic Relief '87 (1987)、All Star Gala at Ford's Theater (host) (1987)、The 1st Annual American Comedy Awards (1987)、The 44th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1987)、The 13th Annual People's Choice Awards (1987)、This is Your Life (1987)、Happy 100th Birthday Hollywood (1987)、The 41st Annual Tony Awards (1987)、Family Comedy Hour (1987)、The 9th Annual American Black Achievement Awards (1988)、The 45th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1988)、In Performance at the White House; A Salute to Broadway: Showstoppers (1988)、Irving Berlin's 100th Birthday Celebration (1988)、The 40th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1988)、Mickey’s 60th Birthday as Herself (1988)、The 13th Circus of the Stars (1988)、My First Love (1988)、The 46th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1989)、Empty Nest (1989)、The 3rd Annual American Comedy Awards (1989)、Bob Hope’s Birthday Spectacular in Paris (1989)、The Society of Singers Presents a Tribute to Ella Fitzgerald (1989)、The 41st Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1989)、Later with Bob Costas (1989)、The Arsenio Hall Show (1989)、The 49th Annual Golden Apple Awards (1989)、Live with Regis and Kathie Lee (1989)、The TV Academy Tribute to Angela Lansbury (1990)、The 21st BAFTA Awards (1990)、The 4th Annual American Comedy Awards (1990)、The Earth Day Special (1990) ｜

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、Aspel & Company (1990)、Night of 100 Stars III (1990)、The 42nd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1990)、Des O’Connor Tonight (1990)、A Conversation with Dinah (1990)、Live from the London Palladium: Happy Birthday, Happy New Year! (1990)、The 17th Annual People Choice Awards (1991)、The 48th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1991)、The 5th Annual American Comedy Awards (1991)、The 43rd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards (1991)、Funny Women of Television (1991)、Dame Edna's Hollywood (1991)、Evening at Pops (1992)、The Howard Stern Show (1992)、Guest Night (1992)、The 6th Annual American Comedy Awards (1992)、The Golden Palace (1992) 2 episodes、Verstehen Sie Spaß? (1992)、The 1992 Pacific Center HIV-AIDS Benefit (1992)、The 7th Annual American Comedy Awards (1993)、Out There (1993)、This Joint is Jumpin (1993)、The 47th Annual Tony Awards (1993)、Boulevard Bio (1993)、Sean's Show (1993)、Jerry Herman's Broadway at the Hollywood Bowl (1994)、The 8th Annual American Comedy Awards (1994)、Bob Hope’s Birthday Memories (1994)、She TV (1994)、The 9th Annual Genesis Awards (1995)、50 Years of Funny Females (1995)、This Morning (1995)、For Better of Worse (1996)、The 10th American Comedy Awards (1996)、The 50th Annual Tony Awards (1996)、Dave's World (1996 & 1997)、The Rosie O'Donnell Show (1997)、The RuPaul Show (1998)、Ellen: A Hollywood Tribute, Part 1 (1998)、CBS: The first 50 Years (1998)、NY TV: By the People Who Made It-Part I & II (1998)、The 53rd Annual Tony Awards (1999)、Beggars and Choosers (1999)、Emily of New Moon (1999)、The Martin Short Show (1999)、So Graham Norton (2000)、《左右做人难》(2000)、Intimate Portrait: Rue McClanahan (2000)、Enemies of Laughter (2000)、E! True Hollywood Story: The Golden Girls (2000)、E! True Hollywood Story: Good Times (2000)、E! True Hollywood Story: All in the Family (2000)、The 70s: The Decade That Changed Television (2000)、Intimate Portrait: Estelle Getty (2001)、Futurama as "Femputer" in the episode "Amazon Women in the Mood" (2001)、Today (2001)、The View (2002)、CBS News Sunday Morning (2002)、The Rosie O'Donnell Show (2002)、Good Morning America (2002)、The Daily Show (2002)、The Big O! True West Hollywood Story (2002)、TV Most Censored Moments (2002)、TV Tales: The Golden Girls (2002)、Open Mike with Mike Bullard (2002)、Because I Said So (2002)、Inside TV Land: Taboo TV (2002)、Great Women on Television Comedy (2003)、Intimate Portrait: Bea Arthur (2003)、TV Land Awards: A Celebration of Classic TV (2003)、Rove Live (2003)、Broadway: The Golden Age by the Legends Who Were There (2003)、Through The Keyhole (2003)、The Golden Girls: Their Greatest Moments (2003)、Today with Des and Mel (2003)、Richard & Judy (2003)、The Terry and Gaby Show (2003)、The 2nd Annual TV Land Awards: A Celebration of Classic TV (2004)、Great Performances (2004)、The Best of So Graham Norton (2004)、Inside TV Land: Primetime Politics (2004)、TV's Greatest Sidekicks (2004)、Inside TV Land: Tickled Pink (2005)、Comedy Central Roast of Pamela Anderson (2005)、TV Land Confidential (2005)、Curb Your Enthusiasm as Larry David's deceased mother on the Season 5 finale (2005)、Entertainment Tonight (2006)、Biography: Bea Arthur (2006)、The 100 Greatest TV Quotes & Catchphrases (2006)、The View (2007)、TV Land Confidential (2007)、Entertainment Tonight (2007)、Back to the Grind (2007)、Entertainment Weekly & TV Land Present: The 50 Greatest TV Icons (2007)、The 6th Annual TV Land Awards (2008)、Inside Edition as Herself (2008)、Entertainment Tonight (2008)、Entertainment Tonight (2009)、Broadway: Beyond The Golden Age (2014)

## 外部链接

- 比特里斯·亚瑟访问，emmytvlegends.org

## 基本资料

- 日语原文：比特里斯·亚瑟、Beatrice Arthur
- 出生：Bernice Frankel
- 出生日期：1922年5月13日
- 出生地：美国纽约市
- 逝世日期：2009年4月25日
- 逝世地：美国加利福尼亚州洛杉矶
- 死因：癌症
- 墓地：火葬
- 母校：黑石女子学院
- 职业：女演员，喜剧演员，歌手
- 配偶：罗伯特·艾伦·亚瑟、（1947年；离婚）、吉恩·塞克斯、（1950年–1980年；离婚）
- 子女：2子
- 活跃时期：1947年–2008年