螔螺属

螔螺属（学名：Limacina）是翼足目螔螺科之下的一个海洋腹足纲软体动物门属，即俗称“海蝴蝶”的一种。本属物种是腹足纲之下其中一个物种非常丰富的属。

本属的学名“Limacina”本身的意思其实就是“像蜗牛”

作为一种在海洋的浮游生物界生活的腹足纲物种，螔螺属透过拍动它们的一双拟足（亦作疣足，parapoida）来在水中畅泳，所以得来“海蝴蝶”的美名。

海蝴蝶是有壳翼足类支序（Thecosomata）的成员，与之相对的是属于裸壳翼足类支序（Gymnosomata）的海天使。这两个支序的成员合组成为翼足类。两者的分别在于有壳翼足类的成员的背上还留有一个或大或小的壳，但裸壳翼足类的壳已完全褪化。

## 物种

本属物种同时有化石种及生存种，分别如下：

- † Limacina atypica (Laws, 1944)
- (recent) Limacina bulimoides (d'Orbigny, 1836)- Bulimoid pteropod. Distribution: Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1.2 mm.
- † Limacina erasmiana Janssen, 2010
- † Limacina dilatata (Koenen, 1892)
- † Limacina ferax (Laws, 1944)
- † Limacina gormani (Curry, 1982)
- † Limacina guersi Janssen, 2010
- 螔螺 Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)：模式种。
- (recent) Limacina lesueurii (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Distribution: North America, Western Atlantic.
- † Limacina limata (Marwick, 1926)
- † Limacina pygmaea (Lamarck, 1805)
- (recent) Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- 后弯螔螺 Limacina retroversa (Fleming, 1823)：分布于北美洲的西大西洋及北冰洋，属于是亚寒带种。
- † Limacina sculptilis (Maxwell, 1992)
- † Limacina taylori (Curry, 1965)
- (recent) Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Trochiform pteropod. Distribution: North America, Western Atlantic, Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1 mm.
- † Limacina valvatina (Reuss, 1867)
- † Limacina? vegrandis Cahuzac & Janssen, 2010

下列物种皆为同种异名：

- (recent) Limacina antarctica Woodward, 1854::synonym of Limacina rangii f. antarctica Woodward, 1854: synonym of Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina balea Møller, 1841: synonym of Limacina retroversa (Fleming, 1823)
- Limacina contorta Sykes, 1905: synonym of Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina crossei Pelseneer, 1888: synonym of Limacina lesueurii (d'Orbigny, 1835)
- Limacina cucullata Gould, 1852: synonym of Limacina rangii f. antarctica Woodward, 1854: synonym of Limacina rangii (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina helicialis Lamarck, 1819: synonym of Limacina helicina (Phipps, 1774)
- (recent) Limacina helicoides Jeffreys, 1877 - synonym of Thielea helicoides (Jeffreys, 1877)
- (recent) Limacina inflata (d'Orbigny, 1836) - Planorbid pteropod. Distribution: circumglobal, Red Sea, Pacific. Length: 1 mm. Description: the shell is flatly twisted, resembling the shell of the cephalopod Nautilus. - synonym: Heliconoides inflata (d’Orbigny, 1836)
- Limacina naticoides Souleyet, 1852: synonym of Limacina trochiformis (d'Orbigny, 1834)
- Limacina pacifica Dall, 1871: synonym of Limacina helicina pacifica Dall, 1871
- Limacina scaphoidea Gould, 1852: synonym of Heliconoides inflatus (d'Orbigny, 1834)

## 参考文献

- Vaught, K.C. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne, FL (USA). ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp.
- Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213

## 基本资料

- 说明：在阿拉斯加的海里拍摄到的一只螔螺（Limacina helicina）
- 学名：Limacina
- 命名者：Bosc, 1817
- subdivision_ranks：种
- 栽培群成员：见内文
- 异名：Heterofusus Fleming, 1823、Limacina (Limacina) Bosc, 1817 · accepted, alternate representation、Lornia Marwick, 1926、Munthea van der Spoel, 1967 (unavailable name: no type species designated)、Scaea Philippi, 1844、Spiratella Blainville, 1817 (Objective synonym of Limacina)、Spirialis Eydoux & Souleyet, 1840
- 模式种：Clio helicina Phipps, 1774