处方缩写词列表

处方缩写词列表是医学处方中常用的基于拉丁文术语的词头缩写。其中的大写、句点'.'的使用是可选的版式风格。

列表中不包含处方中常见的药品的缩写。

列表中红色条目是在美国不建议使用，褐色条目是其他组织不建议使用。

处方缩写词列表

缩写｜拉丁文｜中文｜英文｜注释

aa｜ana｜每，各｜of each

AAA｜ ｜用于治疗部位｜apply to affected area

a.c.｜ante cibum｜饭前｜before meals

a.d.｜auris dextra｜右耳｜right ear｜"a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.d."，即右眼

ad lib.｜ad libitum｜随意，任意量｜use as much as one desires; freely

admov.｜admove｜用于｜apply

agit｜agita｜stir/shake

alt. h.｜alternis horis｜每隔1小时；每2小时｜every other hour｜也写作a.h.

a.m.m.｜ad manu medicae｜at doctors hand

a.m.｜ante meridiem｜上午｜morning, before noon

amp｜ ｜安瓿｜ampule

amt｜ ｜数量｜amount

aq｜aqua｜水｜water

a.l., a.s.｜auris laeva, auris sinistra｜左耳｜left ear｜"a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.s."或"o.l."，即左眼

A.T.C.｜ ｜昼夜不停，24小时连续｜around the clock

a.u.｜auris utraque｜双耳｜both ears｜"a"形似"o"，因此该词可能被误读为"o.u."，即双眼

bis｜bis｜两次｜twice

b.d./b.i.d.｜bis in die｜每天两次｜twice daily

B.M.｜ ｜排便｜bowel movement

BNF｜ ｜英国国家药典｜ British National Formulary

bol.｜大剂量给药（通常是静脉注射）｜as a large single dose (usually intravenously)

B.S.｜ ｜血糖｜blood sugar

B.S.A｜ ｜体表面积｜body surface areas

b.t.｜就寝时间，临睡前｜bedtime｜可能与 "b.i.d"（一日两次）混淆

BUCC｜bucca｜颊内｜inside cheek

cap., caps.｜capsula｜胶囊｜capsule

c, c.｜cum｜与...（常写作c̄）｜with (usually written with a bar on top of the "c")

cib.｜cibus｜食物｜food

cc｜cum cibo｜与食物（也用作表示毫升）｜with food, (but also cubic centimetre)｜手写体形似"U"（小写），即单位。cc亦有立方厘米/毫升的意思；在这种情况下应使用"mL"或"milliliters"

cf｜ ｜与食物｜with food

comp.｜ ｜复方｜compound

cr., crm｜ ｜乳膏；霜剂｜cream

CST｜ ｜继续同样治疗｜Continue same treatment

D 或 d｜ ｜天，或者 剂｜days or doses｜存在歧义。建议处方中写明"days"（天）或者 "doses"（剂）

D5W｜ ｜5%葡萄糖溶液｜dextrose 5% solution (sometimes written as D5W)

D5NS｜ ｜含5%葡萄糖的生理盐水｜dextrose 5% in normal saline (0.9%)

D.A.W.｜ ｜按所写（医嘱）配药｜dispense as written (i.e., no generic substitution)

dc, D/C, disc｜ ｜中断 或 排出｜discontinue or discharge｜有歧义

dieb. alt.｜diebus alternis｜每隔一天；每2天｜every other day

dil.｜ ｜稀释的｜dilute

disp.｜ ｜配药｜dispersible or dispense

div.｜ ｜分次...（服用）｜divide

dL｜分升｜deciliter

d.t.d.｜dentur tales doses｜给予同剂量｜give of such doses

DTO｜ ｜去味鸦片酊剂｜deodorized tincture of opium｜很容易与“稀释的鸦片酊剂”混淆，后者的强度是去味鸦片酊剂的1/25；可能导致药物过量

D.W.｜ ｜蒸馏水｜distilled water

elix.｜ ｜酏剂｜elixir

e.m.p.｜ex modo prescripto｜按照指示，按处方处理｜as directed

emuls.｜emulsum｜乳剂｜emulsion

et｜et｜并且｜and

eod｜ ｜每隔一天｜every other day

ex aq｜ex aqua｜水中｜in water

fl., fld.｜ ｜液｜fluid

ft.｜fiat｜任其发生，顺其自然｜make; let it be made

g｜ ｜克｜gram

gr｜ ｜格令｜grain

gtt(s)｜gutta(e)｜滴｜drop(s)

H｜ ｜皮，皮下注射｜hypodermic

h, hr｜hora｜小时｜hour

h.s.｜hora somni｜就寝时｜at bedtime

h.s｜睡眠时 或 半强度｜hour sleep or half-strength｜存在歧义

ID｜ ｜皮肤的｜intradermal

IJ, inj｜injectio｜注射｜injection｜易讹作"IV"（静脉注射）

IM｜ ｜肌肉注射｜intramuscular (with respect to injections)

IN｜鼻内｜intranasal｜易讹作"IM"（肌肉注射）或"IV"（静脉注射）

IP｜ ｜腹膜内的｜intraperitoneal

IU｜国际单位制｜international unit｜易讹作"IV"（静脉注射），建议拼写出"international unit"

IV｜ ｜静脉治疗｜intravenous

IVP｜ ｜静脉推注｜intravenous push

IVPB｜ ｜intravenous piggyback

kg｜ ｜千克｜kilogram

L.A.S.｜ ｜label as such

LCD｜ ｜煤焦油｜coal tar solution

lin｜linimentum｜搽剂｜liniment

liq｜liquor｜溶液，液体｜solution

lot.｜ ｜洗剂｜lotion

MAE｜活动四肢｜Moves All Extremities

mane｜mane｜晨时｜in the morning

M.｜misce｜混合｜mix

m, min｜minimum｜最小值｜a minimum

mcg｜微克｜microgram｜建议替换为"μg"，因为该缩写可能与“mg”（毫克）混淆

m.d.u.｜more dicto utendus｜按照指示使用｜to be used as directed

mEq｜ ｜毫当量｜milliequivalent

mg｜ ｜毫克｜milligram

mg/dL｜毫克/分升｜milligrams per deciliter

MgSO4｜硫酸镁｜magnesium sulfate｜may be confused with "MSO4", spell out "magnesium sulfate"

mist.｜mistura｜混合｜mix

mitte｜mitte｜发送｜send

mL｜ ｜毫升｜millilitre

MS｜硫酸吗啡 或 硫酸镁｜morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate｜can mean either morphine sulfate or magnesium sulfate, spell out either

MSO4｜硫酸吗啡｜morphine sulfate｜may be confused with "硫酸镁", spell out "morphine sulfate"

nebul｜nebula｜喷雾｜a spray

N.M.T.｜ ｜不超过｜not more than

noct.｜nocte｜夜里｜at night

non rep.｜non repetatur｜不重复｜no repeats

NPO｜nil per os｜禁食 (医疗)，禁饮水｜nothing by mouth

NS｜ ｜生理盐水｜normal saline (0.9%)

1/2NS｜ ｜半浓度生理盐水｜half normal saline (0.45%)

N.T.E.｜ ｜不超过｜not to exceed

o_2｜ ｜双眼｜both eyes, sometimes written as o2

od｜omne in die｜每天｜every day/once daily (preferred to qd in the UK)

od｜oculus dexter｜右眼｜right eye｜"o"形似"a"，因此该词可能被误读为"a.d."，即右耳，confusion with omne in die

om｜omne mane｜每天上午（晨时）｜every morning

on｜omne nocte｜每夜｜every night

o.p.d.｜ ｜每天一次｜once per day

o.s.｜oculus sinister｜左眼｜left eye｜"o"形似"a"，因此该词可能被误读为"a.s."，即左耳

o.u.｜oculus uterque｜双眼｜both eyes｜"o"形似"a"，因此该词可能被误读为"a.u."，即双耳

oz｜ ｜盎司｜ounce

per｜per｜经；通过｜by or through

p.c.｜post cibum｜饭后｜after meals

pig./pigm.｜pigmentum｜涂剂｜paint

p.m.｜post meridiem｜下午与晚上｜evening or afternoon

p.o.｜per os｜经口，口服｜by mouth or orally

p.r.｜per rectum｜经直肠｜by rectum

PRN, prn｜pro re nata｜按需｜as needed

pulv.｜pulvis｜散剂｜powder

PV｜per vaginam｜经阴道｜via the vagina

q｜quaque｜每，各｜every, per

q.a.d.｜quaque alternis die｜每隔一天｜every other day

q.a.m.｜quaque die ante meridiem｜每天午前｜every day before noon

q.d.s.｜quater die sumendus｜每天四次｜four times a day｜can be mistaken for "qd" (every day)

q.p.m.｜quaque die post meridiem｜每天下午或每晚｜every day after noon or every evening

q.h.｜quaque hora｜每小时｜every hour

q.h.s.｜quaque hora somni｜每夜就寝时｜every night at bedtime

q.1 h, q.1°｜quaque 1 hora｜每小时（可用其它数字替换"1"）｜every 1 hour; (can replace "1" with other numbers)

q.d., q1d｜quaque die｜每天｜every day｜mistaken for "QOD" or "qds," spell out "every day" or "daily"

q.i.d.｜quater in die｜每天四次｜four times a day｜can be mistaken for "qd" or "qod," write out "four times a day"

q4PM｜下午4时｜at 4pm｜mistaken to mean every four hours

q.o.d.｜quaque ommi die｜每隔一天；每两天｜every other day｜mistaken for "QD," spell out "every other day"

qqh｜quater quaque hora｜每四小时｜every four hours

q.s.｜quantum sufficiat｜足够量｜a sufficient quantity

QWK｜每周｜every week

R｜ ｜直肠｜rectal

rep., rept.｜repetatur｜重复｜repeats

RL, R/L｜ ｜乳酸林格氏液｜Ringer's lactate

s｜sine｜没有...｜without (usually written with a bar on top of the "s")

s.a.｜secundum artem｜按常规｜according to the art (accepted practice); use your judgement

SC, subc, subcut, subq, SQ｜ ｜皮下｜subcutaneous｜"SC" can be mistaken for "SL," meaning sublingual; "SQ" can be mistaken for "5Q" meaning five every dose

s.i.d/SID｜semel in die｜每天一次｜once a day｜used exclusively in veterinary medicine

sig｜signa｜write on label

SL｜ ｜舌下｜sublingually, under the tongue

sol｜solutio｜溶液｜solution

s.o.s., si op. sit｜si opus sit｜需要时｜if there is a need

ss｜semis｜one half or sliding scale｜mistaken for "55" or "1/2"

SSI, SSRI｜sliding scale insulin or sliding scale regular insulin｜mistaken to mean "strong solution of iodine" or "selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor"

SNRI (antidepressant)｜5-羟色胺/去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂（抗抑郁）｜Serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor

SSRI (antidepressant)｜抗抑郁的选择性5-羟色胺再吸收抑制剂｜selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (a specific class of antidepressant)

stat｜statim｜立即｜immediately

SubQ｜皮下｜subcutaneously

supp｜suppositorium｜栓剂｜suppository

susp｜ ｜混悬剂｜suspension

syr｜syrupus｜糖浆剂｜syrup

tab｜tabella｜片剂｜tablet

tal., t｜talus｜such

tbsp｜ ｜汤匙｜tablespoon

troche｜trochiscus｜锭剂｜lozenge

t.d.s.｜ter die sumendum｜每天三次｜three times a day

t.i.d.｜ter in die｜每天三次｜three times a day

t.i.w.｜ ｜每周三次｜three times a week｜mistaken for twice a week

top.｜ ｜局部的｜topical

T.P.N.｜ ｜全肠外营养｜total parenteral nutrition

tr, tinc., tinct.｜ ｜酊剂｜tincture

tsp｜ ｜1茶匙（约5毫升）｜teaspoon

U｜度量单位｜unit｜mistaken for a "4", "0" or "cc", spell out "unit"

u.d., ut. dict.｜ut dictum｜作为指示｜as directed

ung.｜unguentum｜软膏｜ointment

U.S.P.｜ ｜美国药典｜United States Pharmacopoeia

vag｜ ｜阴道的｜vaginally

w｜ ｜与｜with

w/a｜ ｜醒时｜while awake

wf｜ ｜与食物｜with food (with meals)

w/o｜ ｜没有...｜without

X｜ ｜次数｜times

Y.O.｜ ｜年龄｜years old

μg｜微克｜microgram｜mistaken for "mg", meaning milligram

处方中使用的符号列表

符号｜拉丁文｜中文｜英文｜注释

@｜在｜at｜mistaken for "2"; spell out "at"

>｜大于｜greater than｜mistaken for a "7"

<｜小于｜less than｜mistaken for an "L"

℞｜recipe｜处方｜take, take this, or take thus

## 数值

使用罗马数字的医疗处方，其中的数值1、2、3要分别写作Ṫ、ṪṪ、ṪṪṪ，即大写字母T上面附加“点”。