费舍尔·安妮

费舍尔·安妮（Fischer Annie，1914年7月5日－1995年4月10日），匈牙利钢琴家。

## 生平

费舍尔出生于布达佩斯，就读于同城的弗朗茨·李斯特音乐学院，师从多赫南伊·埃尔诺。1933年她在出生地赢得弗朗茨·李斯特国际钢琴大赛。尤其是她的职业生涯，她主要在欧洲和澳大利亚演奏，极少出现在美国，终其一生只有两次横穿大西洋举行音乐会。

## 作品

### 录音

安妮·费舍尔的录音由一些主流的唱片公司出版发行，包括BBC Records，Doremi，EMI Classics，Hungaroton，Orfeo，Palexa，Q Disc，Urania和ICA Classics等。

1950年代费舍尔同奥托·克伦佩勒和沃尔夫冈·萨瓦利希录制了重要的录音，但是感觉到任何艺术体现，缺乏听众时必然被不自然限制，如此艺术体现从来没有“完成了的”。她保留至今的包括许多现场音乐会录音，已经通过CD和DVD发行（包括演绎贝多芬的“皇帝”协奏曲，可从YouTube获取，和Antal Doráti指挥的贝多芬第三协奏曲）。她最伟大的遗产是录制了贝多芬钢琴奏鸣曲全集。她从1977年开始为此工作了15年。因为自我苛求完美无瑕，她不允许在她的有生之年出版发行这套录音，直到去世，这套录音才以CD形式公开发行，并且广受赞誉。

以下是她主要的录音作品：

贝多芬

- Concerto No. 1 in C major, Op. 15 (1)
- Concerto No. 3 in C minor, Op. 37 (3)
- Concerto No. 5 in E flat major, Op. 73 "Emperor" (1)
- Sonata No. 1 in F minor, Op. 2, No. 1 (2)
- Sonata No. 10 in G major, Op. 14, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 11 in B flat major, Op. 22 (2)
- Sonata No. 12 in A flat major, Op. 26 "Funeral March" (1)
- Sonata No. 13 in E flat major, Op. 27, No. 1 "Quasi una fantasia" (2)
- Sonata No. 14 in C sharp minor, Op. 27, No. 2 "Moonlight" (4)
- Sonata No. 15 in D major, Op. 28 "Pastoral" (2)
- Sonata No. 16 in G major, Op. 31, No. 1 (3)
- Sonata No. 17 in D minor, Op. 31, No. 2 "Tempest" (2)
- Sonata No. 18 in E flat major, Op. 31, No. 3 (2)
- Sonata No. 19 in G minor, Op. 49, No. 1 (2)
- Sonata No. 2 in A major, Op. 2, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 20 in G major, Op. 49, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 21 in C major, Op. 53 "Waldstein" (2)
- Sonata No. 22 in F major, Op. 54 (2)
- Sonata No. 23 in F minor, Op. 57 "Appassionata" (2)
- Sonata No. 24 in F sharp major, Op. 78 (2)
- Sonata No. 25 in G major, Op. 79 (2)
- Sonata No. 26 in E flat major, Op. 81a "Les Adieux" (2)
- Sonata No. 27 in E minor, Op. 90 (2)
- Sonata No. 28 in A major, Op. 101 (2)
- Sonata No. 29 in B flat major, Op. 106 "Hammerklavier" (2)
- Sonata No. 3 in C major, Op. 2, No. 3 (2)
- Sonata No. 30 in E major, Op. 109 (2)
- Sonata No. 31 in A flat major, Op. 110 (2)
- Sonata No. 32 in C minor, Op. 111 (3)
- Sonata No. 4 in E flat major, Op. 7 (2)
- Sonata No. 5 in C minor, Op. 10, No. 1 (2)
- Sonata No. 6 in F major, Op. 10, No. 2 (2)
- Sonata No. 7 in D major, Op. 10, No. 3 (3)
- Sonata No. 8 in C minor, Op. 13 "Pathétique" (3)
- Sonata No. 9 in E major, Op. 14, No. 1 (2)
- Variations (32) in C minor on an Original Theme, WoO 80 (1)
- Variations and Fugue in E? major on an Original Theme 'Eroica', Op. 35

莫扎特

- Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K 466. (1)
- Concerto No. 20 in D minor, K 466: 2nd movement, Romanze. (4)
- Concerto No. 21 in C major, K 467 (3)
- Concerto No. 21 in C major, K 467: 2nd movement, Andante (3)
- Concerto No. 22 in E flat major, K 482 (5)
- Concerto No. 22 in E flat major, K 482: 2nd movement, Andante (1)
- Concerto No. 23 in A major, K 488: 2nd movement, Adagio (1)
- Concerto No. 24 in C minor, K 491 (1)
- Concerto No. 27 in B flat major, K. 595 (1)
- Prelude and Fugue in C major, K 394 (383a) (1)
- Rondo for Piano and Orchestra in D major, K 382 (1)
- Sonata No. 12 in F major, K 332 (300k) (1)
- Sonata No. 14 in C minor, K 457 (1)

舒曼

- Carnaval, Op. 9 (2)
- Concerto in A minor, Op. 54 (2)
- Kinderszenen, Op. 15 (2)
- Kreisleriana, Op. 16 (2)
- Fantasia in C major, Op. 17 (1)

巴托克

- Concerto No. 3, Sz 119 (3)
- Hungarian Peasant Songs (15) for Piano, Sz 71 (1)

李斯特

- Concert Etudes (3), S 144: No. 3 in D flat major, Un sospiro (1)
- Concerto No. 1 in E flat major, S 124 (2)
- Grandes Etudes (6) de Paganini, S 141: No. 6 in A minor, Quasi Presto (1)
- Sonata in B minor, S 178 (1)

舒伯特

- Impromptus (4), D 935/Op. 142: No. 1 in F minor (1)
- Impromptus (4), D 935/Op. 142: No. 2 in A flat major (1)
- Impromptus (4), D 935/Op. 142: No. 4 in F minor (1)
- Sonata in A major, D 959 (1)
- Sonata in B flat major, D 960 (2)

肖邦

- Concerto No. 1 in E minor, B 53/Op. 11 (1)
- Scherzo No. 3 in C sharp minor, B 125/Op. 39 (1)

巴赫

- Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 in D major, BWV 1050

勃拉姆斯

- Sonata No. 3 in F minor, Op. 5

多赫南伊

- Rhapsodies (4), Op. 11: No. 2 in F sharp minor

海顿

- Sonata for Keyboard in F minor, H 17 No. 6

柯达伊

- Dances of Marosszék

门德尔松

- Rondo capriccioso in E major, Op. 14

## 评价

她的演奏因“独特的强烈程度”和“风格轻松自如的乐句”（David Hurwitz），以及高超的技巧和精神深度，而闻名于世。她大受同行赞扬，如奥托·克伦佩勒、斯维亚托斯拉夫·里赫特。里赫特写到“安妮·费舍尔伟大的艺术家，充满了崇高的精神和深厚的真情”。意大利钢琴家毛利齐奥·波里尼赞道“孩子般的自然，直接和神奇”他从她的演奏中获得。她的艺术体现在莫扎特、贝多芬、勃拉姆斯、舒伯特和舒曼，以及匈牙利作曲家如巴托克·贝拉，接连不断获得钢琴家和评论家最高的赞扬。

## 个人生活

她嫁给了名声显赫的评论家音乐学者托特·阿拉达尔（Tóth Aladár）。他们同葬于布达佩斯。

费舍尔是犹太人，二战期间匈牙利加入轴心国后，1940年和丈夫逃到瑞典。战争结束后，1946年一同返回布达佩斯。她于1995年在那里去世。

## 外部链接

- Annie Fischer Legendary Pianist (生平介绍，录音目录，演出目录 以及 罕见照片)

## 基本资料

- 日语原文：费舍尔·安妮、Fischer Annie
- 出生日期：1914年7月5日
- 出生地：奥匈帝国布达佩斯
- 逝世日期：1995年4月10日
- 逝世地：匈牙利布达佩斯
- 母校：布达佩斯音乐学院
- 类型：古典音乐
- 职业：指挥家
- 配偶：托特·阿拉达尔（Tóth Aladár）
- 获奖：弗朗茨·李斯特国际钢琴大赛（1933年）