水塔花属

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水塔花属（学名：Billbergia）是凤梨科下的一个属，为无茎草本植物。该属共有约60种，分布于热带美洲。

水塔花属植物需要充足的阳光，但过强的阳光会造成叶色变黄，甚至造成日晒病，所以阳光太强时需要遮荫。生长适温大约摄氏20到28度，超过30度会使开花减少。冬天进入休眠期后，温度低于10至15度时会造成花期后延，高于20度也会影响来年生长。

## 下属物种

本属包括以下物种：

Billbergia acreana｜H. Luther - Acre

Billbergia alfonsi-joannis｜Reitz - from Espírito Santo to Santa Catarina

Billbergia amandae｜W.Weber - 巴西，可能已灭绝

Billbergia ambigua｜(L.B.Sm. & Read) Betancur & N.R.Salinas - Antioquia

Billbergia amoena｜(Loddiges) Lindley - Brazil

Billbergia brachysiphon｜L.B. Smith - Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador

Billbergia bradeana｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo

巴西水塔花｜Billbergia brasiliensis｜L.B. Smith - Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia buchholtzii｜- Brazil, but probably extinct

Billbergia cardenasii｜L.B. Smith - 玻利维亚

Billbergia castelensis｜E. Pereira - Espírito Santo

Billbergia chlorantha｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo

- Billbergia × claudioi Leme - 巴西

Billbergia cylindrostachya｜- Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia dasilvae｜Leme - Rondônia

Billbergia decora｜Poeppig & Endlicher - Peru, Bolivia, Brazil

Billbergia distachya｜(Vellozo) - southern Brazil

Billbergia domingosmartinsis｜E.Gross - Espírito Santo

Billbergia elegans｜Martius ex Schultes f. - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia eloiseae｜L.B. Smith & R.W. Read - Colombia

Billbergia euphemiae｜- southeastern Brazil

台湾水塔花｜Billbergia formosa｜Ule - Peru

Billbergia horrida｜Regel - southeastern Brazil

Billbergia incarnata｜(Ruiz & Pavón) Schultes f. - Peru

Billbergia iridifolia｜(Nees & Martius) Lindley - southeastern Brazil

Billbergia issingiana｜T. Krömer & E. Gross - 玻利维亚

Billbergia jandebrabanderi｜R. Vásquez & Ibisch - Bolivia

Billbergia kautskyana｜E. Pereira - Espírito Santo

Billbergia kuhlmannii｜L.B. Smith - Brazil, Bolivia

Billbergia laxiflora｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo

Billbergia leptopoda｜L.B. Smith - Bahia, Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia lietzei｜- Espírito Santo

Billbergia lymanii｜E. Pereira & Leme - southeastern Brazil

Billbergia macracantha｜E. Pereira - Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia macrocalyx｜Hooker - Bahia, Minas Gerais

Billbergia macrolepis｜L.B. Smith - Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, 委内瑞拉, Guyana

Billbergia magnifica｜- Brazil, Paraguay

Billbergia manarae｜Steyermark - 委内瑞拉

Billbergia meyeri｜- Brazil, Bolivia

Billbergia microlepis｜L.B. Smith - Bolivia

Billbergia minarum｜L.B. Smith - Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia morelii｜Brongniart - 巴西东部

Billbergia nana｜E. Pereira - Bahia, Espírito Santo

垂花水塔花｜Billbergia nutans｜H. Wendland ex Regel：见于巴西、阿根廷、乌拉圭及巴拉圭。

Billbergia oxysepala｜- Acre, Ecuador

Billbergia pallidiflora｜Liebmann - Mexico and Central America from Sinaloa to Nicaragua

Billbergia pohliana｜- Minas Gerais

Billbergia porteana｜Brongniart ex Beer - Brazil, Paraguay

红笔凤梨｜Billbergia pyramidalis｜(Sims) Lindley：巴西、委内瑞拉、法属圭亚那、小安的列斯群岛及古巴；亦已在毛里求斯归化。

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Billbergia reichardtii｜- Espírito Santo, Minas Gerais

Billbergia robert-readii｜E. Gross & Rauh - Peru

Billbergia rosea｜hortus ex Beer - Trinidad, Venezuela

Billbergia rubicunda｜- Suriname

Billbergia rupestris｜L.B. Smith - Colombia, Acre

Billbergia sanderiana｜- southeastern Brazil

Billbergia seidelii｜L.B. Smith & Reitz - Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro

Billbergia stenopetala｜Harms - Ecuador, 秘鲁

Billbergia tessmannii｜Harms - 秘鲁

Billbergia tweedieana｜Baker - 巴西东南部

Billbergia velascana｜M. Cardenas - 玻利维亚

Billbergia violacea｜Beer - Guianas, Brazil

绿花水塔花｜Billbergia viridiflora｜H. Wendland - Belize, Guatemala, Tabasco

条纹水塔花｜Billbergia vittata｜Brongniart：见于巴西东部

Billbergia zebrina｜(Herbert) Lindley - Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Paraguay

## 基本资料

- 学名：Billbergia
- 说明：Billbergia