含笑属

含笑属（学名：Michelia）是木兰科下的一个属，为灌木或乔木植物。该属共有约50余种，分布于亚洲热带、亚热带及温带。属名Michelia为纪念意大利植物学家Pietro Antonio Micheli（1679-1737）而命名。

## 下属物种

本属包括以下物种：

Michelia aenea｜Dandy.，原产地为中国和越南，视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by J. Li (1997)的异名

白兰｜Michelia × alba｜DC. (syn. M. longifolia Blume). White Champaca或White Sandalwood是由黄玉兰（Michelia champaca L.）和山含笑（Michelia montana Blume）自然杂交得到

狭叶含笑｜Michelia angustioblonga｜Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu

苦梓含笑｜Michelia balansae｜(A. DC.) Dandy (基本异名：Magnolia balansae A. DC.)

合果木｜Michelia baillonii｜(Pierre) Finet & Gagnep. (基本异名：Magnolia baillonii Pierre)

Michelia braianensis｜Gagnep.

灰岩含笑｜Michelia calcicola｜C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia ingrata Chen & Yang by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

美毛含笑｜Michelia caloptila｜Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (dubious taxon, according to Chen & Nooteboom (1993))

平伐含笑｜Michelia cavaleriei｜Finet & Gagnep.

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黄玉兰｜Michelia champaca｜L. Champak. 原产地为印度、爪哇岛和菲律宾，小乔木或灌木，高及蓬径3－6米，叶革质，翠绿色，达16厘米长；花芬芳，橙黄色或乳白色，春季开花，可提取精油用于制作香水

乐昌含笑｜Michelia chapensis｜Dandy

乌心石｜Michelia compressa｜(Maxim.) Sarg. (基本异名：Magnolia compressa Maxim.)，台湾含笑

西畴含笑｜Michelia coriacea｜Chang & Chen

紫花含笑｜Michelia crassipes｜Y.-W. Law

南亚含笑｜Michelia doltsopa｜Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Large shrubs and trees, growing to 30 meters. Native to the eastern Himalayas and Meghalaya subtropical forests. Varies in form from bushy to narrow and upright. Leathery dark-green leaves, 6 to 17 cm in length. Clusters of creamy white flowers in winter. Growing in popularity as a street tree in coastal California.

雅致含笑｜Michelia elegans｜Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia cavaleriei Finet & Gagnep. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

Michelia elliptilimba｜Chen & Noot. (视为Michelia sphaerantha C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue by J. Li (1997)的异名)

含笑花｜Michelia figo｜(Lour.) Spreng. (基本异名：Liriodendron figo Lour.) Banana Shrub. A slow growing shrub or small tree that can grow up to 5 meters high and nearly as wide. Densely covered with small glossy green leaves. Bears clusters of large, white, sometimes purple-streaked, flowers with a potent, sweet banana scent. Port Wine is a variety that bears rose to maroon flowers.

素黄含笑｜Michelia flaviflora｜Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu

多花含笑｜Michelia floribunda｜Finet & Gagnep.

金叶含笑｜Michelia foveolata｜Merr. ex Dandy

福建含笑｜Michelia fujianensis｜Q.F. Zheng

亮叶含笑｜Michelia fulgens｜Dandy (视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy by Gagnepain (1939))的异名)

棕毛含笑｜Michelia fulva｜Chang & Chen

Michelia fuscata｜(Andrews) Blume ex Wall. (基本异名：Magnolia fuscata Andrews; 视为Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Baillon (1866))

香子含笑｜Michelia gioi｜(A. Chev.) Sima & H. Yu

广东含笑｜Michelia guangdongensis｜Y. H. Yan, Q. W. Zeng & F. W.Xing

广西含笑｜Michelia guangxiensis｜Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou

香子含笑｜Michelia hedyosperma｜Y.-W. Law (视为Michelia hypolampra Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

Michelia hypolampra｜Dandy

Michelia ingrata｜Chen & Yang

鼠刺含笑｜Michelia iteophylla｜C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (Michelia formosana (Kaneh.) Masam. & Suzuki because the type is the same; M. formosana in its turn is 视为Michelia compressa (Maxim.) Sarg. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

西藏含笑｜Michelia kisopa｜Buch.-Ham. ex DC. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests

Michelia koordersiana｜Noot.

壮丽含笑｜Michelia lacei｜W.W. Sm.

溜叶含笑｜Michelia laevifolia｜Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia yunnanensis Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep. by Xia & Deng (2002)的异名)

Michelia lanuginosa｜Wall. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests

长柄含笑｜Michelia leveilleana｜Dandy

长柄含笑｜Michelia longipetiolata｜C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia leveilleana Dandy by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

长蕊含笑｜Michelia longistamina｜Y.-W. Law (视为Michelia martinii (H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

长柱含笑｜Michelia longistyla｜Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu (视为Michelia foveolata Merr. ex Dandy; by Chen & Nooteboom (1993))

醉香含笑｜Michelia macclurei｜Dandy

黄心夜合｜Michelia martinii｜(H. Lév.) Finet & Gagnep. ex H. Lév. (基本异名：Magnolia martinii H. Lév.)

屏边含笑｜Michelia masticata｜Dandy

深山含笑｜Michelia maudiae｜Dunn

白花含笑｜Michelia mediocris｜Dandy

Michelia microtricha｜(视为Michelia floribunda Finet & Gagnep. by J. Li (1997)的异名)

山含笑｜Michelia montana｜Blume

Michelia nilagirica｜Zenker. 产自印度南部。

西畴含笑｜Michelia nitida｜B. L. Chen

观光木｜Michelia odora｜(W.Y. Chun) Noot. & Chen (基本异名：Tsoongiodendron odorum W.Y. Chun)

马关含笑｜Michelia opipara｜Chang et B. L. Chen

厚果含笑｜Michelia pachycarpa｜Y.-W. Law & R.-Z. Zhou

阔瓣含笑｜Michelia platypetala｜Hand.-Mazz. (视为Magnolia maudiae (Dunn) Figlar (异名：Michelia maudiae Dunn) by Sima (2001)的变种)

多脉含笑｜Michelia polyneura｜C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu

Michelia punduana｜Hook.f. & Thomson. Native to Meghalaya subtropical forests

Michelia rajaniana｜Craib

Michelia salicifolia｜A. Agostini

Michelia scortechinii｜(King) Dandy (基本异名：Manglietia scortechinii King)

台山含笑｜Michelia taishanensis｜Y. H. Tong, X. E. Ye, X. H. Ye &Yu Q. Chen

峨眉含笑｜Michelia wilsonii｜Finet & Gagnep. (异名M. sinensis Hemsl. & E.H. Wilson; based on the same type but published a few weeks later)

石碌含笑｜Michelia shiluensis｜W.Y. Chun & Y.-F. Wu

野含笑｜Michelia skinneriana｜Dunn (视为含笑花 Michelia figo (Lour.) Spreng. by Chen & Nooteboom (1993)的异名)

球花含笑｜Michelia sphaerantha｜C.Y. Wu ex Z.S. Yue

Michelia subulifera｜Dandy

川含笑｜Michelia szechuanica｜Dandy (被Sima和Figlar (2001)视为Magnolia ernestii Figlar (异名：Michelia wilsonii Finet & Gagnep.)的亚种)

绒叶含笑｜Michelia velutina｜DC.

黄花含笑｜Michelia xanthantha｜C.Y. Wu ex Y.-W. Law & Y.-F. Wu

云南含笑｜Michelia yunnanensis｜Franch. ex Finet & Gapnep.

## 文化意义

在中亚热带地区的佛教寺庙中常种植含笑属树种用作花供。

## 基本资料

- 学名：Michelia
- 说明：白兰 Michelia × alba
- 命名者：L., 1753
- subdivision_ranks：物种
- 栽培群成员：约50种，见内文