盐肤木属

盐肤木属（学名：Rhus）也称盐麸木属，是漆树科中的一个属，包括有250余种，广泛分布在全球亚热带和温带地区。本属植物皆为小乔木或灌木，最高可达1-10米，一般叶为奇数羽状复叶，单也有些品种为单叶或三叉叶；花小，绿色、白色或红色，圆锥花序密生，花序可达5-30厘米长，花瓣5；果实为小核果，橙色或黄白色。

盐肤木属有的品种核果可以做烹饪或烟草的调味品，或用于制作饮料。盐肤木（Rhus chinensis）的虫瘿俗称“五倍子”，是一种化工原料和药用的原料。漆树原来也位于该属。

盐肤木属有的品种干燥的木材在紫外线照射下可以发荧光，木材细致，为细木工的原料。

根据近期的分子研究，盐肤木属中的大部分物种已被拆分至Actinocheita、Baronia、黄栌属（Cotinus）、Malosma、Searsia、漆属（Toxicodendron）。

属名Rhus源于希腊语rhous，即“盐肤木”。

## 主要品种

非洲：、Rhus acocksii Moffett、Rhus albomarginata Sond.、Rhus angustifolia L.、Rhus batophylla Codd、Rhus baurii Schonl.、Rhus bolusii Sond. ex Engl.、Rhus burchellii Sond. ex Engl.、Rhus carnosula Schonl、Rhus chirindensis Bak.f.、Rhus ciliata Licht. ex Schult.、Rhus crenata Thunb.、Rhus cuneifolia L.、Rhus dentata Thunb.、Rhus discolorE.Mey. ex Sond.、Rhus dissecta Thunb.、Rhus divaricata Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus dracomontana Moffett、Rhus dregeana Sond.、Rhus dura Schonl.、Rhus engleri Britt.、Rhus erosa Thunb.、Rhus fastigiata Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus gerrardii (Harv. ex Engl.) Diels.、Rhus glauca Thunb.、Rhus gracillima Engl.、Rhus grandidens Harv. ex Engl.、Rhus gueinzii Sond.、Rhus harveyi Moffett、Rhus horrida Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus incisa L.f.、Rhus kirkii Oliv.、Rhus keetii Schönl.、Rhus krebsiana Presl ex Engl.、Rhus laevigata L.、Rhus lancea L.f. (syn. Searsia lancea)、Rhus leptodictya Diels.、Rhus longispina Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus lucens Hutch.、Rhus lucida L.、Rhus macowanii Schönl.、Rhus magalismontana Sond.、Rhus maricoana Moffett、Rhus marlothii Engl.、Rhus microcarpa Schonl.、Rhus montana Diels、Rhus natalensis Bernh. ex Krauss、Rhus nebulosa Schonl.、Rhus pallens Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus pendulina Jacq.、Rhus pentheri Zahlbr.、Rhus pondoensis Schönl.、Rhus populifolia E.Mey. ex Sond.、Rhus problematodes Merxm. & Roessl.、Rhus pterota Presl、Rhus pygmaea Moffett、Rhus pyroides Burch.、Rhus quartiniana A. Rich.、Rhus refracta Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus rehmanniana Engl.｜、Rhus rigida Mill.、Rhus rimosa Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus rogersii Schonl.、Rhus rosmarinifolia Vahl、Rhus rudatisii Engl.、Rhus scytophylla Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus sekhukhuniensis Moffett、Rhus stenophylla Eckl. & Zeyh.、Rhus tenuinervis Engl.、Rhus tomentosa L.、Rhus transvaalensis Engl.、Rhus tridactyla Burch.、Rhus tumulicola S.Moore、Rhus undulata Jacq.、Rhus volkii Suesseng.、Rhus wilmsii Diels.、Rhus zeyheri Sond. ;亚洲：、盐肤木 Rhus chinensis Mill. 滨盐肤木 Rhus chinensis var. roxburghii (DC.) Rehd.、白背麸杨 Rhus hypoleuca Champ. ex Benth.、盐麸子 Rhus javanica L. = 鸦胆子 Brucea javanica (Linn.) Merr.、旁遮普麸杨 Rhus punjabensis Stewart 红麸杨 Rhus punjabensis var. sinica (Diels) Rehd. et Wils. ** 毛叶麸杨 Rhus punjabensis var. pilosa Engl.、Rhus verniciflua (syn. Toxicodendron vernicifluum, 漆树)、Rhus succedanea (syn. Toxicodendron succedaneum，野漆) ;大洋州：、Rhus taitensis Guillemin ;地中海区域：、Rhus coriaria (Tanner's sumac)、Rhus pentaphylla、Rhus tripartita ;北美洲：、Rhus aromatica (fragrant sumac)、Rhus copallina (winged or shining sumac)、Rhus glabra (smooth sumac)、Rhus lanceolata (prairie sumac)、Rhus michauxii (Michaux's sumac)、Rhus typhina (staghorn sumac)、Rhus toxicodendron (syn. Toxicodendron radicans, poison ivy)、Rhus vernix (syn. Toxicodendron vernix, poison sumac)、Rhus choriophylla (Mearn's sumac), Arizona, New Mexico、Rhus laurina (syn. Malosma laurina, laurel sumac).、Rhus integrifolia (lemonade sumac)、Rhus glabra (smooth sumac)、Rhus microphylla (desert sumac, littleleaf sumac)、Rhus ovata (sugar sumac)、Rhus trilobata (skunkbush sumac)、Rhus virens (evergreen sumac) ;中美洲：、Rhus muelleri (Müller's sumac); northeast Mexico ;太平洋区域：、Rhus sandwicensis A. Gray (Neleau); Hawaii, endemic.

## 参考文献

- RO Moffett. A Revision of Southern African Rhus species FSA (Flora of South Africa) vol 19 (3) Fascicle 1.
- Schmidt, E., Lotter, M., & McCleland, W. (2002). Trees and Shrubs of Mpumalanga and Kruger National Park. Jacana. ISBN 1-919777-30-X.

## 基本资料

- 说明：火炬漆树 （Rhus typhina）
- 学名：Rhus
- genus_authority：L.
- 模式种：Rhus coriaria
- type_species_authority：L.
- subdivision_ranks：种
- 栽培群成员：参见正文