钐的同位素

钐（原子量：150.36(2)）在自然界中存在5种稳定同位素（144Sm、149Sm、150Sm、152Sm、154Sm）和2种长寿命放射性同位素（半衰期1.0611年的147Sm和半衰期715年的148Sm），其中152Sm的丰度最高，达26.74%。146Sm的半衰期也很长，但不足以在今天大量存在，现为绝种核素。它可用于太阳系的测年。2012年一篇把146Sm的半衰期从10.3(5)7年更新到6.8(7)7年的论文已于2023年撤稿。它是不确定是不是原生核素的核素中半衰期最长的。

除了以上8种同位素以外，钐最长寿的放射性同位素是半衰期94.6年的151Sm以及半衰期340天的145Sm。剩下的同位素原子量介于129至168，半衰期都短于两天。

## 图表

129Sm

128.95464(54)#

550(100) ms

5/2+#

130Sm

129.94892(43)#

1# s

β+

130Pm

0+

β+

131Pm

β+, p （不常见）

130Nd

β+

132Pm

β+, p

131Nd

β+

133Pm

β+, p

132Nd

134Sm

133.93397(21)#

10(1) s

β+

134Pm

0+

β+ (99.98%)

135Pm

β+, p (.02%)

134Nd

2.4(9) s

β+

135Pm

(3/2+,5/2+)

136Sm

135.928276(13)

47(2) s

β+

136Pm

0+

15(1) µs

(8-)

137Sm

136.92697(5)

45(1) s

β+

137Pm

(9/2-)

20# s

β+

137Pm

1/2+#

138Sm

137.923244(13)

3.1(2) min

β+

138Pm

0+

139Sm

138.922297(12)

2.57(10) min

β+

139Pm

1/2+

IT (93.7%)

139Sm

β+ (6.3%)

139Pm

140Sm

139.918995(13)

14.82(12) min

β+

140Pm

0+

141Sm

140.918476(9)

10.2(2) min

β+

141Pm

1/2+

β+ (99.69%)

141Pm

IT (.31%)

141Sm

142Sm

141.915198(6)

72.49(5) min

β+

142Pm

0+

143Sm

142.914628(4)

8.75(8) min

β+

143Pm

3/2+

IT (99.76%)

143Sm

β+ (.24%)

143Pm

30(3) ms

23/2(-)

144Sm

143.911999(3)

观测上稳定

0+

0.0307(7)

880(25) ns

6+

145Sm

144.913410(3)

340(3) d

EC

145Pm

7/2-

990(170) ns0.96(+19-15) µs

(49/2+)

146Sm

145.913041(4)

9.20(26)7 a

α

142Nd

0+

痕量

147Sm

146.9148979(26)

1.06(2)×1011 a

α

143Nd

7/2-

0.1499(18)

148Sm

147.9148227(26)

7(3)×1015 a

α

144Nd

0+

0.1124(10)

149Sm

148.9171847(26)

观测上稳定

7/2-

0.1382(7)

150Sm

149.9172755(26)

观测上稳定

0+

0.0738(1)

151Sm

150.9199324(26)

88.8(24) a

β-

151Eu

5/2-

1.4(1) µs

(11/2)-

152Sm

151.9197324(27)

观测上稳定

0+

0.2675(16)

153Sm

152.9220974(27)

46.284(4) h

β-

153Eu

3/2+

10.6(3) ms

IT

153Sm

11/2-

154Sm

153.9222093(27)

观测上稳定

0+

0.2275(29)

155Sm

154.9246402(28)

22.3(2) min

β-

155Eu

3/2-

156Sm

155.925528(10)

9.4(2) h

β-

156Eu

0+

185(7) ns

5-

157Sm

156.92836(5)

8.03(7) min

β-

157Eu

(3/2-)

158Sm

157.92999(8)

5.30(3) min

β-

158Eu

0+

159Sm

158.93321(11)

11.37(15) s

β-

159Eu

5/2-

160Sm

159.93514(21)#

9.6(3) s

β-

160Eu

0+

161Sm

160.93883(32)#

4.8(8) s

β-

161Eu

7/2+#

162Sm

161.94122(54)#

2.4(5) s

β-

162Eu

0+

163Sm

162.94536(75)#

1# s

β-

163Eu

1/2-#

164Sm

163.94828(86)#

500# ms

β-

164Eu

0+

165Sm

164.95298(97)#

200# ms

β-

165Eu

5/2-#

## 参考文献

- Isotope masses from Ame2003 Atomic Mass Evaluation by G. Audi, A.H. Wapstra, C. Thibault, J. Blachot and O. Bersillon in Nuclear Physics A729 (2003).
- Isotopic compositions and standard atomic masses from Atomic weights of the elements. Review 2000 (IUPAC Technical Report) . Pure Appl. Chem. Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 683-800, (2003) and Atomic Weights Revised (2005) .
- Half-life, spin, and isomer data selected from these sources. Editing notes on this article's talk page.
- Audi, Bersillon, Blachot, Wapstra. The Nubase2003 evaluation of nuclear and decay properties , Nuc. Phys. A 729, pp. 3-128 (2003).
- National Nuclear Data Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory. Information extracted from the NuDat 2.1 database (retrieved Sept. 2005).
- David R. Lide (ed.), Norman E. Holden in CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 85th Edition, online version. CRC Press. Boca Raton, Florida (2005). Section 11, Table of the Isotopes.

## 基本资料

- infobox_name：samarium
- 货币符号：Sm
- 日语原文：钐
- standard atomic weight：150.36(2)