溪蟹科

溪蟹科（学名：Potamidae）是短尾下目(螃蟹)溪蟹总科之下一个由淡水蟹组成的科级分类单元。本科包括超过650个物种，分属接近100个属。按其第八片胸腹片(Thoracic sternite)的不同，我们大致可以分为两个亚科：

## 分类

印度北部及缅甸的水域同时有两个亚科的蟹种存在。

### 溪蟹亚科

溪蟹亚科（Potaminae Ortmann, 1896）物种分布于从环地中海(包括南欧、近东、中东到北非)、也门索科特拉岛往东到印度北部及缅甸，包括以下各属：

棘刺溪蟹属｜Acanthopotamon｜Kemp, 1918

阿氏溪蟹属｜Alcomon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 冠腕阿氏溪蟹 Alcomon lophocarpus (Kemp, 1913)
- 密毛阿氏溪蟹 Alcomon superciliosum (Kemp, 1913)

喜山溪蟹属｜Himalayapotamon｜Pretzmann, 1966

叶刺溪蟹属｜Lobothelphusa｜Bouvier, 1917

拟刺溪蟹属｜Paratelphusula｜Alcock, 1909

- 缅甸副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula burmensis (Bott, 1966)
- 达亚娜副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula dayana (Wood-Mason, 1871)
- 隆背副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula gibbosa (Ng & Kosuge, 1997)，隆背拟刺溪蟹，球状副小泉蟹
- 勃固副小泉蟹 Paratelphusula peguensis (Rathbun, 1905)

溪蟹属｜Potamon｜Savigny, 1816

极乐岛蟹属｜Socotra｜Cumberlidge & Wranik, 2002

- 假圆轴极乐岛蟹 Socotra pseudocardisoma Cumberlidge & Wranik, 2002

索科特拉溪蟹属｜Socotrapotamon｜Apel & Brandis, 2000

- Socotrapotamon nojidense Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon nojidensis Apel & Brandis, 2000
- Socotrapotamon socotrense (Hilgendorf, 1883)

### 近溪蟹亚科

近溪蟹亚科（Potamiscinae Bott, 1970）主要在东亚及东南亚地区，包括：

Acartiapotamon｜Dai, 1999

Allopotamon｜Ng, 1988

阿神蟹属｜Amamiku｜Naruse, Segawa & Shokita, 2004

非拟溪蟹属｜Aparapotamon｜Dai & Chen, 1985

Apotamonautes｜Dai & Xing, 1993

紧腹溪蟹属｜Artopotamon｜Dai & Chen, 1985

Arquatopotamon｜Chu, Zhou & Sun, 2017

Aspermon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Badistemon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Balssipotamon｜Dang & Ho, 2008

Beccumon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Bottapotamon｜Türkay & Dai, 1997

明溪蟹属｜Candidiopotamon｜Bott, 1967

Capitamon｜Pati, Mitra & Ng, 2024

- Capitamon capitatum
- Capitamon clarki
- Capitamon manipurense
- Capitamon meitei
- Capitamon mizoramense

Carpomon｜Tan & Ng, 1998

Cerberusa｜Holthuis, 1979

中国溪蟹属｜Chinapotamon｜Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994

Cryptopotamon｜Ng & Dudgeon, 1992

戴溪蟹属｜Daipotamon｜Ng & Trontelj, 1996

- Daipotamon minos Ng & Trontelj, 1996

Dalatomon｜Dang & Ho, 2007

德曼蟹属｜Demanietta｜Bott, 1966

Doimon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Donopotamon｜Dang & Ho, 2005

- Donopotamon haii Dang & Hô, 2005

Dromothelphusa｜Naiyanetr, 1992

- Dromothelphusa longipes (A. Milne-Edwards, 1869)

Eosamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Erebusa｜Yeo & Ng, 1999

Esanpotamon｜Naiyanetr & Ng, 1997

Flabellamon｜Ng, 1996

泽蟹属｜Geothelphusa｜Stimpson, 1858

海南溪蟹属｜Hainanpotamon｜Dai, 1995

Heterochelamon｜Türkay & Dai, 1997

华南溪蟹属｜Huananpotamon｜Dai & Ng, 1994

Ibanum｜Ng, 1995

- Ibanum aethes Ng, 1995
- Ibanum bicristatum (De Man, 1899)
- Ibanum pilimanus Ng & Grinang, 2004

印支溪蟹属｜Indochinamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Inlethelphusa｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Insulamon｜Ng & Takeda, 1992

Iomon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

石溪蟹属｜Isolapotamon｜Bott, 1968

柔佛蟹属｜Johora｜Bott, 1966

Kanpotamon｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993

Kukrimon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- Kukrimon cucphuongensis (Dang, 1975)

Lacunipotamon｜Dai et al., 1975

Laevimon｜Yeo & Ng, 2005

Larnaudia｜Bott, 1966

Latopotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

龙溪蟹属｜Longpotamon｜Shih, Huang & Ng, 2016

Lophopotamon｜Dai, 1999

Malayopotamon｜Bott, 1968

中溪蟹属｜Mediapotamon｜Türkay & Dai, 1997

Megacephalomon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

Mindoron｜Ng & Takeda, 1992

闽溪蟹属｜Minpotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

Minutomon｜Huang & Mao, 2014

南海溪蟹属｜Nanhaipotamon｜Bott, 1968

Neilupotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

Nemoron｜Ng, 1996

- Nemoron nomas Ng, 1996

Neolarnaudia｜Türkay & Naiyanetr, 1986

新内溪蟹属｜Neotiwaripotamon｜Dai & Naiyanetr, 1994

Ovitamon｜Ng & Takeda, 1992

Parapotamonoides｜Dai, 1990

Parapotamon｜De Man, 1907

拟川蟹属｜Pararanguna｜Dai & G. X. Chen, 1985

小巧溪蟹属｜Parvuspotamon｜Dai & Bo, 1994

菲氏溪蟹属｜Phaibulamon｜Ng, 1992

- 纤足菲氏溪蟹 Phaibulamon stilipes Ng, 1992

披毛溪蟹属｜Pilosamon｜Ng, 1996

- 吉氏披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon guinotae Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2010
- 老挝披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon laosense (Rathbun, 1904)
- 沼泽披毛溪蟹 Pilosamon palustre (Rathbun, 1904)

平甲溪蟹属｜Planumon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 交趾平甲溪蟹 Planumon cochinchinense (De Man, 1898)

Planumon cochinchinense｜(De Man, 1898)

近溪蟹属｜Potamiscus｜Alcock, 1909

蒲登溪蟹属｜Pudaengon｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1995

泰语溪蟹属｜Pupamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

黔溪蟹属｜Qianpotamon｜Dai, 1995

- 武陵黔溪蟹 Qianpotamon wulingense Dai, 1995

正方溪蟹属｜Quadramon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 阿波正方溪蟹 Quadramon aborense (Kemp, 1913)
- 骨山正方溪蟹 Quadramon mooleyitense (Rathbun, 1904)
- 遗忘正方溪蟹 Quadramon obliteratum (Kemp, 1913)

莱氏溪蟹属｜Rathbunamon｜Ng, 1996

- 朱门雷莱氏溪蟹 Rathbunamon chumomrayense Do, Dang, Cao & Hoang, 2016
- 孔莱氏溪蟹 Rathbunamon lacunifer (Rathbun, 1904)

琉球蟹属｜Ryukyum｜Ng & Shokita, 1995

- 八重山琉球蟹 Ryukyum yaeyamense (Minei, 1973)

Setosamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- Setosamon sakon Tan, Mendoza & Yeo, 2022
- Setosamon somchaii (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)
- Setosamon ubon (Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993)

掸邦蟹属｜Shanphusa｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

- 棕掸邦蟹 Shanphusa browneana (Kemp, 1918)
- 短足掸邦蟹 Shanphusa curtobates (Kemp, 1918)
- 玉满乡掸邦蟹 Shanphusa ywarngan Ng & Whitten, 2017

华石蟹属｜Sinolapotamon｜Tai & Sung, 1975

华溪蟹属｜Sinopotamon｜Bott, 1967

柱溪蟹属｜Stelomon｜Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2000

- Stelomon erawanense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 北碧柱溪蟹 Stelomon kanchanaburiense (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 霜点柱溪蟹 Stelomon pruinosum (Alcock, 1909)
- 探洛柱溪蟹 Stelomon tharnlod Yeo & Naiyanetr, 2000
- Stelomon turgidulimanus (Alcock, 1910)

斯氏蟹属｜Stoliczia｜Bott, 1966

来兴溪蟹属｜Takpotamon｜Brandis, 2002

- 伽氏来兴溪蟹 Takpotamon galyaniae (Naiyanetr, 2001)
- 美索来兴溪蟹 Takpotamon maesotense (Naiyanetr, 1992)

Tayninhon｜Dang, Tien & Tu, 2025

- Tayninhon nuibaden Dang, Tien & Tu, 2025

小石溪蟹属｜Tenuilapotamon｜Dai et al., 1984

- 弓肢小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon inflexum Dai & Li, 1984
- 若水小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon joshuiense (Dai, Song, He, Cao, Xu & Zhong, 1975)
- 宽腹小石溪蟹 Tenuilapotamon latilum (Chen, 1980)

小溪蟹属｜Tenuipotamon｜Dai, 1990

- 白水小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon baishuiense Chen, 1993
- 华宁小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon huaningense Dai & Bo, 1994
- 盘溪小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon panxiense Chen, 1993
- 紫小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon purpura Dai, 1990
- 通海小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon tonghaiense Chen, 1993
- 新平小溪蟹 Tenuipotamon xinpingense Chen, 1993

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 * [[玉溪小溪蟹]] ''Tenuipotamon yuxiense'' Chen, 1993
```

平滑溪蟹属｜Teretamon｜Yeo & Ng, 2007

地溪蟹属｜Terrapotamon｜Ng, 1986

- 阿氏地溪蟹 Terrapotamon abbotti (Rathbun, 1898)
- 艾波地溪蟹 Terrapotamon aipooae
- 长指地溪蟹 Terrapotamon longitarsus Lheknim & Ng, 2016
- Terrapotamon palian Ng & Naiyanetr, 1998
- 菲氏地溪蟹 Terrapotamon phaibuli Leelawathanagoon, Lheknim & Ng, 2010
- 童哇地溪蟹 Terrapotamon thungwa Promdam, Yeesin & Ng, 2017

泰蟹属｜Thaiphusa｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993，泰泉蟹属

- 尖竹汶泰蟹 Thaiphusa chantaburiensis (Chuensri, 1973)，庄他武里泰蟹
- 皇后泰蟹 Thaiphusa sirikit (Naiyanetr, 1992)
- 丹那沙林泰蟹 Thaiphusa tenasserimensis (De Man, 1898)

泰溪蟹属｜Thaipotamon｜Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993

- 公主泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon chulabhorn Naiyanetr, 1993
- 丹氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon dansai Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 霍氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon holthuisi Naiyanetr & Yeo, 2010
- 隆告泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon lomkao Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993
- 暹罗泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon siamense (A.Milne-Edwards, 1869)
- 斯氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon smitinandi (Naiyanetr & Türkay, 1984)
- 瓦氏泰溪蟹 Thaipotamon varoonphornae Ng & Naiyanetr, 1993

内溪蟹属｜Tiwaripotamon｜Bott, 1970

香肠溪蟹属｜Tomaculamon｜Yeo & Ng, 1997

- 侏儒香肠溪蟹 Tomaculamon pygmaeus Yeo & Ng, 1997
- 束腰香肠溪蟹 Tomaculamon stenixys Yeo & Ng, 1997

毛肢溪蟹属｜Trichopotamon｜Dai & Chen, 1985

- 大理毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon daliense Dai & Chen, 1985
- 锡金毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon sikkimense (Rathbun, 1905)
- 祥云毛肢溪蟹 Trichopotamon xiangyunense Naruse, Yeo & Zhou, 2008

浅胸溪蟹属｜Vadosapotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

- 沈氏浅胸溪蟹 Vadosapotamon sheni (Dai & Chen, 1990)

越南溪蟹属｜Vietopotamon｜Dang & Ho, 2002

- 阿雷越南溪蟹 Vietopotamon aluoiense Đăng & Hồ, 2002
- 普銮越南溪蟹 Vietopotamon phuluangense (Bott, 1970)

绒毛溪蟹属｜Villopotamon｜Đăng & Hồ, 2003

- Villopotamon guangdongense Dai & Tuerkay, 1997
- 囊泡虫绒毛溪蟹 Villopotamon klossianum (Kemp, 1923)
- 圆形绒毛溪蟹 Villopotamon sphaeridium (Kemp, 1923)
- 邰氏绒毛溪蟹 Villopotamon thaii Đăng & Hồ, 2003

Xestomon｜Ng, 2021

- Xestomon tacu Ng, 2021

亚热溪蟹属｜Yarepotamon｜Dai & Türkay, 1997

粤北溪蟹属｜Yuebeipotamon｜Huang, Shih & Mao, 2016

- 灰岩粤北溪蟹 Yuebeipotamon calciatile Huang, Shih & Mao, 2016

粤西溪蟹属｜Yuexipotamon｜Huang & Mao, 2014，为Yarepotamon Dai & Türkay, 1997的异名

## 基本资料

- 说明：Potamon fluviatile
- 学名：Potamidae
- 命名者：Ortmann, 1896
- subdivision_ranks：亚科
- 栽培群成员：见内文