冬青

冬青属（学名：Ilex）是冬青科开花植物的唯一一属，本属约有400个物种，高度约2到25米，有些是乔木，有些是灌木。广泛分布于亚洲、欧洲、非洲北部、北美洲与南美洲。冬青的叶坚挺有光泽，浆果鲜红色，簇附枝上。有些冬青树品种也称为圣诞树。浆果有毒性，会引起呕吐、腹泻。用于提炼冬青油的种类并非冬青，而是杜鹃花科的白珠树（Gaultheria procumbens）。

## 特征

叶互生，革质。春季开花。中国冬青树原产于长江下游各省，常见于宁波、杭州、南京等地。在香港，常见的冬青有梅叶冬青、灰冬青、榕叶冬青、细花冬青、广东冬青、及大叶冬青（苦丁茶）等。

## 下属物种

本属包括以下物种：

Ilex abscondita｜Steyerm.

满树星｜Ilex aculeolata｜Nakai

Ilex acutangula｜Nees

Ilex acutidenticulata｜Steyerm.

Ilex aequitoriensis｜Loes.

Ilex aestivalis｜Buchanan et al.

Ilex affinis｜Gardner

Ilex affinis｜Lesquereux, 1871

Ilex aggregata｜(Ruiz & Pav.) Loes.

Ilex alteclerensis｜(Loudon) Dallim.

Ilex altiplana｜Steyerm.

Ilex amazonensis｜Edwin

Ilex ambigua｜(Michx.) Elliott

Ilex amboyensis｜Berry, 1909

Ilex amelanchier｜M.A.Curtis ex Chapm.

Ilex ampla｜I.M.Johnst.

Ilex amplifolia｜Rusby

Ilex amygdalina｜Reissek

Ilex andicola｜Loes.

棱枝冬青｜Ilex angulata｜Merr. & Chun

Ilex angustissima｜Reissek

Ilex annamensis｜Tardieu

Ilex anodonta｜Standl. & Steyerm.

鸟不宿｜Ilex anomala｜Hook. & Arn.

Ilex anonoides｜Loesner

Ilex antiquorum｜Doweld, 2022

Ilex antonii｜Elmer

Ilex apicidens｜N.E.Br.

Ilex apiculata｜Merr.

Ilex apiensis｜S.Andrews

欧洲冬青｜Ilex aquifolium｜L.，圣诞树

Ilex aracamuniana｜Steyerm.

Ilex archboldiana｜Merr. & Perry

Ilex archeri｜Edwin

Ilex ardisiaefrons｜Reissek, 1861

Ilex ardisiifrons｜Reissek

Ilex argentina｜Lillo

Ilex arimensis｜(Loes.) Britton ex R.O.Williams

阿里山冬青｜Ilex arisanensis｜Yamam.

Ilex armata｜Lesquereux, 1891

Ilex arnhemensis｜(F.Muell.) Loes.

Ilex asperula｜Mart.

Ilex asperula｜Mart. ex Reissek

称星树｜Ilex asprella｜(Hook. & Arn.) Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex atabapoensis｜T.R.Dudley

黑果冬青｜Ilex atrata｜W.W.Sm.

Ilex auricula｜S.Andrews

两广冬青｜Ilex austrosinensis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex azuensis｜Loes.

Ilex baasiana｜B.C.Stone & Kiew

Ilex bahiahondica｜(Loes.) P.A.González

Ilex barahonica｜Loes.

Ilex bartlettii｜Merr.

Ilex belizensis｜Lundell

Ilex berteroi｜Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex bessonii｜hort. ex Lavallée, 1877

双齿冬青｜Ilex bidens｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex bidoupensis｜Yahara & Tagane

刺叶冬青｜Ilex bioritsensis｜Hayata

Ilex biserrulata｜Loes.

Ilex blancheana｜Judd

Ilex blanchetii｜Loes.

Ilex bogorensis｜Loes.

Ilex boliviana｜Britton ex Rusby

Ilex borealis｜Heer, 1883

Ilex borneensis｜Loes.

短叶冬青｜Ilex brachyphylla｜(Hand.-Mazz.) S.Y.Hu

Ilex brachypliylla｜(Hand.-Mazz.) S.Y.Hu

Ilex brandegeeana｜Loes.

Ilex brasiliensis｜(Spreng.) Loes.

Ilex brassii｜Merr. & Perry

Ilex breddinii｜(Weyland) Doweld, 2022

Ilex brevicuspis｜Reissek

Ilex brevipedicellata｜Steyerm.

短梗冬青｜Ilex buergeri｜Miq.

Ilex bullata｜Cuatrec.

Ilex buxifolia｜Gardner

黄杨冬青｜Ilex buxoides｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex calcicola｜W.B.Liao & K.W.Xu

Ilex california｜Brandegee

Ilex calvertensis｜Berry, 1916

Ilex canariensis｜Poir.

Ilex canliflora｜H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li

Ilex cardonae｜Steyerm.

Ilex caroliniana｜Loes., 1891

Ilex casiquiarensis｜Loes.

卡氏冬青｜Ilex cassine｜L.

Ilex cassine｜Walter, 1788

Ilex cassine｜Willd., 1804

茎花冬青｜Ilex cauliflora｜H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li

Ilex celebensis｜Capit.

Ilex celebesiaca｜Loes.

华中枸骨｜Ilex centrochinensis｜S.Y.Hu, 1949

Ilex cerasifolia｜Reissek

矮杨梅冬青｜Ilex chamaebuxus｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex chamaedryfolia｜Reissek

Ilex championiae｜Loes.

凹叶冬青｜Ilex championii｜Loes.

沙坝冬青｜Ilex chapaensis｜Merr.

纸叶冬青｜Ilex chartacifolia｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex chengbuensis｜C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin

城口冬青｜Ilex chengkouensis｜C.J.Tseng

龙陵冬青｜Ilex cheniana｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex chevalieri｜Tardieu

Ilex chimantaensis｜T.R.Dudley

冬青｜Ilex chinensis｜Sims

滇缅冬青｜Ilex chingiana｜Hu & Tang

Ilex chiriquensis｜Standl.

Ilex christalensis｜Loes., 1923

Ilex chuguangii｜M.M.Lin

铁仔冬青｜Ilex chuniana｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex ciliolata｜Steyerm.

纤齿枸骨｜Ilex ciliospinosa｜Loes., 1911

灰冬青｜Ilex cinerea｜Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex cissoidea｜Loes.

Ilex clemensiae｜Heine

Ilex clementis｜Britton & P.Wilson

Ilex clethriflora｜S.Andrews

越南冬青｜Ilex cochinchinensis｜(Lour.) Loes.

Ilex cognata｜Reissek

黑海枸骨｜Ilex colchica｜Pojark.

Ilex collina｜Alexander

Ilex colombiana｜Cuatrec.

Ilex condensata｜Turcz.

Ilex condorensis｜Pierre

花冬青｜Ilex confertiflora｜Merr.

Ilex congesta｜Reissek

Ilex congonha｜Mart. ex Valeton, 1886

Ilex congonhina｜Loes., 1893

Ilex congonhinha｜Loes.

Ilex conocarpa｜Reissek

Ilex cookii｜Britton & P.Wilson

珊瑚冬青｜Ilex corallina｜Franch.

Ilex coriacea｜(Pursh) Chapm.

中国冬青｜Ilex cornuta｜Lindl. & Paxton

Ilex costaricensis｜Donn.Sm.

Ilex costata｜Edwin

Ilex cowanii｜Wurdack

Ilex crassifolia｜Hook.

Ilex crassifolioides｜Loes.

日本冬青｜Ilex crenata｜Thunb.，齿叶冬青

Ilex cristata｜Merr. & Perry

Ilex cubana｜Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex cuibensis｜Reissek

Ilex culminicola｜Steyerm.

铜光冬青｜Ilex cupreonitens｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex curranii｜Merr.

Ilex cuscoana｜Loes., 1908

Ilex cuthbertii｜Small

Ilex cuzcoana｜Loes.

Ilex cymosa｜Blume

弯尾冬青｜Ilex cyrtura｜Merr.

大别山冬青｜Ilex dabieshanensis｜K.Yao & M.B.Deng

Ilex dakotensis｜Lesquereux, 1891

Ilex danielis｜Killip & Cuatrec.

Ilex daphnogenea｜Reissek

毛枝冬青｜Ilex dasyclada｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

黄毛冬青｜Ilex dasyphylla｜Merr.

Ilex davidsei｜Steyerm.

落叶冬青｜Ilex decidua｜Walter

德宏冬青｜Ilex dehongensis｜S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

陷脉冬青｜Ilex delavayi｜Franch.

Ilex densifolia｜Miq.

细齿冬青｜Ilex denticulata｜Wall.

Ilex depressifructu｜Pruesapan & Welzen

滇贵冬青｜Ilex dianguiensis｜C.J.Tseng

双果冬青｜Ilex dicarpa｜Y.R.Li

Ilex dictyoneura｜Loes.

Ilex dimorphophylla｜Koidz.

Ilex dioica｜(Vahl) Griseb.

Ilex diospyroides｜Reissek

双核枸骨｜Ilex dipyrena｜Wall.

Ilex discolor｜Hemsl.

Ilex dissimilis｜Lesquereux, 1878

Ilex diuretica｜Mart. ex Reissek

Ilex divaricata｜Mart. ex Reissek

长柄冬青｜Ilex dolichopoda｜Merr. & Chun

Ilex duarteensis｜Loes.

Ilex dugesii｜Fernald

Ilex duidae｜Gleason

Ilex dumosa｜Reissek

龙里冬青｜Ilex dunniana｜H.Lév.

显脉冬青｜Ilex editicostata｜Hu & Tang

Ilex elliptica｜Kunth

厚叶冬青｜Ilex elmerrilliana｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex elongata｜Newberry, 1895

Ilex embelioides｜Hook.fil.

Ilex emmae｜D.M.Hicks

Ilex engleriana｜Loes.

Ilex englishii｜Lace

Ilex eoa｜Alain

Ilex eolignitica｜Berry, 1916

Ilex ericoides｜Loes.

平核冬青｜Ilex estriata｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex eugeniifolia｜Pierre

Ilex euryaeformis｜Reissek

柃叶冬青｜Ilex euryoides｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex excavata｜Pierre

高冬青｜Ilex excelsa｜(Wall.) Hook.fil.

Ilex falsani｜Saporta & Marion

Ilex fanshawei｜Edwin

Ilex farallonensis｜Cuatrec.

狭叶冬青｜Ilex fargesii｜Franch.

凤庆冬青｜Ilex fengqingensis｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

锈毛冬青｜Ilex ferruginea｜Hand.-Mazz.

硬叶冬青｜Ilex ficifolia｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

榕叶冬青｜Ilex ficoidea｜Hemsl.

Ilex floribunda｜Reissek ex Maxim.

Ilex florifera｜Fawc. & Rendle

Ilex florissantensis｜Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919

Ilex flosparva｜Cuatrec.

台湾冬青｜Ilex formosana｜Maxim.

滇西冬青｜Ilex forrestii｜H.F.Comber

薄叶冬青｜Ilex fragilis｜Hook.fil.

康定冬青｜Ilex franchetiana｜Loes.

Ilex friburgensis｜Loes.

Ilex fruticosa｜S.Andrews

Ilex fuertensiana｜(Loes.) T.R.Dudley

Ilex fuertesiana｜(Loes.) T.R.Dudley

福建冬青｜Ilex fukienensis｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex gabinetensis｜Cuatrec.

Ilex gabrielleana｜Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex gagnepainiana｜Tardieu

Ilex gale｜Triana & Planch.

Ilex gansuensis｜D.Y.Hong

Ilex gardneriana｜Wight

Ilex geniculata｜Maxim.

Ilex geophila｜Delamare Deboutteville, 1948

长叶枸骨｜Ilex georgei｜H.F.Comber

Ilex gibraltarica｜Gand.

景东冬青｜Ilex gingtungensis｜H.W.Li

Ilex glabella｜Steyerm.

Ilex glabra｜(L.) A.Gray

Ilex glaucophylla｜Steyerm.

Ilex glaziouviana｜Loes.

Ilex glaziouvii｜Warm.

Ilex glazioviana｜Loes.

Ilex glazioviana｜Loesner

Ilex gleasoniana｜Steyerm.

团花冬青｜Ilex glomerata｜King

伞花冬青｜Ilex godajam｜Colebr.

Ilex gongonha｜(Mart.) Mart.

海岛冬青｜Ilex goshiensis｜Hayata

Ilex gotardensis｜Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex goudotii｜Loes.

纤花冬青｜Ilex graciliflora｜Champ. ex Benth.，细花冬青

Ilex grandiflora｜Ridl.

Ilex grandifolia｜Lesquereux, 1883

Ilex grandis｜Reissek

Ilex gransabanensis｜Steyerm.

Ilex guaiquinimae｜Steyerm.

广南冬青｜Ilex guangnanensis｜Tseng & Y.R.Li

广西冬青｜Ilex guangxica｜Doweld, 2022

Ilex guaramacalensis｜Cuello & Aymard

Ilex guayusa｜Loes.

Ilex guerreroi｜Merr. ex Elmer

Ilex guianensis｜(Aubl.) Kuntze

贵州冬青｜Ilex guizhouensis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex gundlachiana｜Loes.

Ilex haberi｜(Lundell) W.J.Hahn

Ilex hahnii｜Doweld

海南冬青｜Ilex hainanensis｜Merr.

青茶香｜Ilex hanceana｜Maxim.

Ilex harmandiana｜Pierre

Ilex harrisii｜Loes.

Ilex havilandii｜Loes.

早田氏冬青｜Ilex hayataiana｜Loes.，以早田文藏的姓氏命名

Ilex hemiepiphytica｜W.J.Hahn

Ilex hexandra｜Bello

Ilex hicksii｜I.M.Turner

Ilex hippocrateoides｜Kunth

硬毛冬青｜Ilex hirsuta｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

Ilex hirsutilimba｜Tardieu

Ilex holstii｜Steyerm.

Ilex honbaensis｜Tardieu

Ilex hondurensis｜Standl.

Ilex hongiaoensis｜Tagane

贡山冬青｜Ilex hookeri｜King

Ilex huachamacariana｜Edwin

Ilex hualgayoca｜Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex huberi｜J.R.Grande

秀英冬青｜Ilex huiana｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng, 1981

Ilex hunanensis｜C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin

Ilex huoshanensis｜Y.H.He

细刺枸骨｜Ilex hylonoma｜Hu & Tang

Ilex hypaneura｜Loes.

Ilex hypoglauca｜(Miq.) Loes.

Ilex hyrcana｜Pojark.

Ilex hyreana｜Pojark.

Ilex ignicola｜Steyerm.

Ilex ijuensis｜S.Andrews

Ilex illustris｜Ridl.

Ilex impressa｜Ekman & Loes.

Ilex insignis｜Heer, 1869

Ilex integerrima｜(Vell.) Reissek

全缘冬青｜Ilex integra｜Thunb.

中型冬青｜Ilex intermedia｜Loes. ex Diels

Ilex inthanonensis｜Pruesapan, 2025

错枝冬青｜Ilex intricata｜Hook.fil.

Ilex inundata｜Poepp. ex Reissek

Ilex jacobsii｜S.Andrews

Ilex jamaicana｜Proctor

Ilex jauaensis｜Steyerm.

Ilex jelskii｜Zahlbr.

Ilex jenmanii｜Loes.

江门冬青｜Ilex jiangmenensis｜Lei Jiang & K.W.Xu

蕉岭冬青｜Ilex jiaolingensis｜C.J.Tseng & H.H.Liu

景东冬青｜Ilex jingdongensis｜H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li

景宁冬青｜Ilex jingningensis｜Z. H. Chen, W. Y. Xie et X. F. Jin

Ilex jingxiensis｜Y.F.Huang & M.X.Lai

缙云冬青｜Ilex jinyunensis｜Z.M.Tan

九万山冬青｜Ilex jiuwanshanensis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex julianii｜Edwin

Ilex juttana｜Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex karstenii｜Loes.

Ilex karuaiana｜Steyerm.

扣树｜Ilex kaushue｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex kelabitana｜S.Andrews

Ilex kelabitiana｜S.Andrews, 1998

Ilex kelsallii｜Ridl.

皱柄冬青｜Ilex kengii｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex keranjiensis｜S.Andrews

Ilex ketambensis｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex khasiana｜Purkay.

江西满树星｜Ilex kiangsiensis｜(S.Y.Hu) C.J.Tseng & B.W.Liu

Ilex kinabaluensis｜S.Andrews

Ilex kingiana｜Cockerell

Ilex knightiaefolia｜Lesquereux, 1883

Ilex knucklesensis｜Philcox

凸脉冬青｜Ilex kobuskiana｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex krugiana｜Loes. ex Urb.

苦丁茶冬青｜Ilex kudingcha

昆明冬青｜Ilex kunmingensis｜H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li

Ilex kunthiana｜Triana

草野氏冬青｜Ilex kusanoi｜Hayata

广东冬青｜Ilex kwangtungensis｜Merr.

Ilex laevigata｜(Pursh) A.Gray

Ilex lamprophylla｜Standl.

剑叶冬青｜Ilex lancilimba｜Merr.

Ilex larocerasus｜AiryShaw

Ilex lasseri｜Edwin

大叶冬青｜Ilex latifolia｜Thunb. ex A.Murray

阔叶冬青｜Ilex latifrons｜Chun

Ilex laureola｜Triana & Planch.

Ilex laurina｜Kunth

Ilex laurocensus｜AiryShaw

Ilex laurocerasus｜Airy Shaw

Ilex leonis｜Cockerell, 1906

Ilex leucoclada｜Makino

毛核冬青｜Ilex liana｜S.Y.Hu

保亭冬青｜Ilex liangii｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex liebmannii｜Standl.

Ilex liesneri｜Steyerm.

溪畔冬青｜Ilex lihuaensis｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex lihuaiensis｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex lilianeae｜Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex limae｜C.J.Tseng

汝昌冬青｜Ilex limii｜C.J.Tseng

木姜冬青｜Ilex litseifolia｜Hu & Tang

Ilex liukiuensis｜Loes.

Ilex loeseneri｜Tardieu

矮冬青｜Ilex lohfauensis｜Merr.

长尾冬青｜Ilex longecaudata｜H.F.Comber

Ilex longicaudata｜Comber

乔治亚冬青｜Ilex longipes｜Chapm. ex Trel.

Ilex longipetiolata｜Loes.

Ilex longipilosa｜Steyerm.

龙州冬青｜Ilex longzhouensis｜C.J.Tseng

忍冬叶冬青｜Ilex lonicerifolia｜Hayata

Ilex loranthoides｜Mart. ex Reissek

Ilex loretoica｜Loes.

鲁甸冬青｜Ilex ludianensis｜S.C.Huang ex Y.R.Li

Ilex lundii｜Warm.

Ilex maasiana｜Loizeau & Spichiger

Ilex macarenensis｜Cuatrec.

Ilex macbrideana｜Edwin, 1965

Ilex macfadyenii｜(Walp.) Rehder

楠叶冬青｜Ilex machilifolia｜H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li

长圆叶冬青｜Ilex maclurei｜Merr.

大果冬青｜Ilex macrocarpa｜Oliv.

大柄冬青｜Ilex macropoda｜Miq.

大柱头冬青｜Ilex macrostigma｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex maculata｜Lesquereux, 1883

Ilex magnifolia｜Cuatrec.

Ilex magnifructa｜Edwin

Ilex maguirei｜Wurdack

Ilex maigualidensis｜J.R.Grande

Ilex maingayi｜Hook.fil.

Ilex malabarica｜Bedd.

Ilex malaccensis｜Loes.

Ilex malaovensis｜Loes.

乳头冬青｜Ilex mamillata｜C. Y. Wu ex C. J. Tseng

Ilex mandonii｜Loes.

Ilex manitzii｜P.A.González

红河冬青｜Ilex manneiensis｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex marahuacae｜Steyerm.

Ilex marginata｜Edwin

麻栗坡冬青｜Ilex marlipoensis｜H.W.Li

Ilex martiniana｜D.Don ex Lamb.

Ilex masoni｜(Lesquereux, 1891)

Ilex matangicola｜Loes.

Ilex matanoana｜Makino

Ilex matudae｜Standl. ex Edwin

Ilex matudai｜Standl. ex Edwin

Ilex maxima｜W.J.Hahn

Ilex maximowicziana｜Loes.

墨脱冬青｜Ilex medogensis｜Y.R.Li

Ilex megaphylla｜S.Andrews

黑叶冬青｜Ilex melanophylla｜H.T.Chang

黑毛冬青｜Ilex melanotricha｜Merr.

谷木叶冬青｜Ilex memecylifolia｜Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex mertensii｜Maxim.

Ilex meserveae｜S.Y.Hy

Ilex mesilauensis｜S.Andrews

河滩冬青｜Ilex metabaptista｜Loes. ex Diels

Ilex micrantha｜Triana & Planch.

小果冬青｜Ilex micrococca｜Maxim.

Ilex microdonta｜Reissek

Ilex microphylla｜Hook.

Ilex microphylla｜Newb.

Ilex microphylla｜Spreng. ex DC., 1825

Ilex microphyllina｜Knowlton & Cockerell, 1919

小核冬青｜Ilex micropyrena｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex microsticta｜Loes.

Ilex microstricta｜Loes.

Ilex microthyrsa｜Loes. ex Elmer

Ilex microwrightioides｜Loes.

米谷冬青｜Ilex miguensis｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex mitis｜(L.) Radlk.

Ilex montana｜Torr. & A.Gray

Ilex montebellensis｜Lozada-Pérez

Ilex monticola｜A.Gray ex Dieck

Ilex mucronata｜(L.) M.Powell, Savol. & S.Andrews

Ilex mucronulata｜Cuatrec.

Ilex mucugensis｜Groppo

Ilex myricina｜Doweld, 2022

Ilex myricoides｜Kunth

Ilex myrtifolia｜Lam.

Ilex myrtillus｜Ridl.

南川冬青｜Ilex nanchuanensis｜Z.M.Tan

南宁冬青｜Ilex nanningensis｜Hand.-Mazz.

南平冬青｜Ilex nanpingensis｜G. S. He

Ilex nayana｜Cuatrec.

Ilex neblinensis｜Edwin

Ilex nemorosa｜Rizzini

Ilex neocaledonica｜Maxim.

Ilex neogracilis｜I.M.Turner

Ilex neomamillata｜I.M.Turner

Ilex neoreticulata｜I.M.Turner

Ilex nervosa｜Triana & Planch.

Ilex nervulosa｜(Loes.) S.Andrews

Ilex nigropunctata｜Miers

宁德冬青｜Ilex ningdeensis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex nipponica｜Makino

Ilex nitida｜(Vahl) Maxim.

亮叶冬青｜Ilex nitidissima｜C.J.Tseng

小圆叶冬青｜Ilex nothofagifolia｜Kingdon-Ward

Ilex nothophoeboides｜I.M.Turner

云中冬青｜Ilex nubicola｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

洼皮冬青｜Ilex nuculicava｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex nummularia｜Reissek

Ilex obcordata｜Sw.

长圆果冬青｜Ilex oblonga｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex obtusata｜(Turcz.) Triana & Planch.

粤桂冬青｜Ilex occulta｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex odorata｜Buch.-Ham. ex D.Don

疏齿冬青｜Ilex oligodonta｜Merr. & Chun

Ilex oligoneura｜Loes.

Ilex oliveriana｜Loes.

峨眉冬青｜Ilex omeiensis｜S.Y.Hu & Tang, 1946

美国冬青｜Ilex opaca｜Soland ex Aiton

Ilex oppositifolia｜Merr.

Ilex organensis｜Loes.

Ilex ovalifolia｜G.Mey.

Ilex ovalis｜(Ruiz & Pav.) Loes.

Ilex pachyphylla｜Merr.

Ilex palawanica｜Loes. ex Elmer

Ilex pallida｜Standl.

Ilex paltoria｜Kunth

Ilex paltorioides｜Reissek

Ilex papillosa｜Lesquereux, 1891

巴拉圭冬青｜Ilex paraguariensis｜A.St.-Hil.

Ilex paraguensis｜A.St.-Hil., 1822

Ilex paruensis｜Steyerm.

Ilex parvifructa｜Edwin

Ilex patens｜Ridl.

Ilex pauciflora｜Ridl.

Ilex paucinervia｜Merr.

Ilex paujiensis｜Steyerm.

Ilex pavonii｜Loes., 1901

具柄冬青｜Ilex pedunculosa｜Miq.

上思冬青｜Ilex peiradena｜S.Y.Hu

五棱苦丁茶｜Ilex pentagona｜S.K.Chen, Y.X.Feng & C.F.Liang

Ilex perado｜Sol. ex Aiton

巨叶冬青｜Ilex perlata｜C.Chen & S.C.Huang ex Y.R.Li

Ilex permicrophylla｜Merr.

Ilex pernervata｜Cuatrec.

猫儿刺｜Ilex pernyi｜Franch.

皱叶冬青｜Ilex perryana｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex petiolaris｜Benth.

Ilex phanganensis｜Pruesapan & Welzen

Ilex phillyreaefolia｜Reissek

Ilex phillyreifolia｜Reissek

Ilex phyllyreaefolia｜hort. ex Decne.

平和冬青｜Ilex pingheensis｜C.J.Tseng

平南冬青｜Ilex pingnanensis｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex poiensis｜S.Andrews

Ilex poilanei｜Tardieu

Ilex polita｜Steyerm.

多脉冬青｜Ilex polyneura｜(Hand.-Mazz.) S. Y. Hu

多核冬青｜Ilex polypyrena｜C.J.Tseng & B.W.Liu

Ilex praetermissa｜Kiew

Ilex promecophylla｜S.Andrews

Ilex prostrata｜Groppo

Ilex prunifolia｜Lesquereux, 1878

Ilex psammophila｜Mart. ex Reissek

Ilex pseudobuxus｜Reissek

Ilex pseudoebenacea｜Loes.

Ilex pseudoembelioides｜Loes.

假楠叶冬青｜Ilex pseudomachilifolia｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex pseudomacoucoa｜Loes., 1933

Ilex pseudoodorata｜Loes.

Ilex pseudostenophylla｜Lesquereux, 1883

Ilex pseudotheezans｜Loes.

Ilex pseudoumbelliformis｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex pseudovaccinium｜Reissek ex Maxim.

Ilex ptariana｜Steyerm.

毛冬青｜Ilex pubescens｜Hook. & Arn.

Ilex pubifructa｜Pruesapan, S.Andrews & D.A.Simpson

有毛冬青｜Ilex pubigera｜(C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li) S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

毛叶冬青｜Ilex pubilimba｜Merr. & Chun

点叶冬青｜Ilex punctatilimba｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

Ilex pustulosa｜Triana & Planch.

梨叶冬青｜Ilex pyrifolia｜C.J.Tseng

黔灵山冬青｜Ilex qianlingshanensis｜C.J.Tseng

庆元冬青｜Ilex qingyuanensis｜C.Z.Zheng

Ilex quercetorum｜I.M.Johnst.

Ilex quitensis｜(Willd. ex Schult.) Loes.

拉拉山冬青｜Ilex rarasanensis｜Sasaki

Ilex renae｜S.Andrews

网脉冬青｜Ilex reticulata｜C. J. Tseng

Ilex retusa｜Klotzsch

微凹冬青｜Ilex retusifolia｜S.Y.Hu

卷边冬青｜Ilex revoluta｜Stapf

Ilex rimbachii｜Standl.

粗枝冬青｜Ilex robusta｜C.J.Tseng

粗脉冬青｜Ilex robustinervosa｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

高山冬青｜Ilex rockii｜S.Y.Hu

铁冬青｜Ilex rotunda｜Thunb.

Ilex rubra｜S.Watson

Ilex rubrinervia｜Tardieu

Ilex rugosa｜F.Schmidt

Ilex rugulosa｜Huber

Ilex rugulosa｜Huber ex Ducke

Ilex rupicola｜Kunth

柳叶冬青｜Ilex salicina｜Hand.-Mazz.

Ilex sanqingshanensis｜W.B.Liao, Q.Fan & S.Shi

Ilex sapiiformis｜Reissek

Ilex sapotifolia｜Reissek

Ilex sarawaccensis｜Loes.

Ilex savannarum｜Wurdack

石生冬青｜Ilex saxicola｜C.J.Tseng & H.H.Liu

Ilex scabridula｜Merr. & Perry

Ilex schlechteri｜Loes.

Ilex schwackeana｜Loes.

Ilex sclerophylla｜Hook.fil.

Ilex sclerophylloides｜Loes.

Ilex scopulorum｜Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult., 1827

Ilex scopulorum｜Kunth

Ilex scudderi｜Lesquereux, 1891

Ilex scutiiformis｜Reissek

Ilex sebertii｜Pancher

Ilex sellowii｜Loes.

落霜红｜Ilex serrata｜Thunb.

Ilex servinii｜E.Carranza

Ilex sessiliflora｜Triana & Planch.

Ilex sessilifructa｜Edwin

Ilex severnensis｜Berry, 1911

神农架冬青｜Ilex shennongjiaensis｜T.R.Dudley & S.C.Sun

石枚冬青｜Ilex shimeica｜K.F.Kwok

Ilex shukunii｜Y.Yang & H.Peng

Ilex shweliensis｜H.F.Comber

Ilex sideroxyloides｜(Sw.) Griseb.

锡金冬青｜Ilex sikkimensis｜Kurz

中华冬青｜Ilex sinica｜(Loes.) S.Y.Hu

Ilex sipapoana｜Edwin

Ilex skutchii｜Edwin ex T.R.Dudley & W.J.Hahn

Ilex socorroensis｜Brandegee

Ilex soderstromii｜Edwin

Ilex solida｜Edwin

Ilex sorbitis｜Reissek, 1861

Ilex sphenophylla｜Heer, 1873

Ilex spicata｜Blume

Ilex spinulosa｜Cuatrec.

Ilex spruceana｜Reissek

Ilex stellata｜W.J.Hahn

Ilex stenocarpa｜Pojark.

Ilex stenura｜(Merr. & L.M.Perry) D.M.Hicks

华南冬青｜Ilex sterrophylla｜Merr. & Chun

黔桂冬青｜Ilex stewardii｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex steyermarkii｜Edwin

Ilex strangulata｜Lesquereux, 1875

粗毛冬青｜Ilex strigillosa｜T.R.Dudley

香冬青｜Ilex suaveolens｜(H.Lév.) Loes.

Ilex subcaudata｜Merr. ex Elmer

Ilex subcordata｜Reissek

薄革叶冬青｜Ilex subcoriacea｜Z.M.Tan

拟钝齿冬青｜Ilex subcrenata｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex subdenticulata｜Lesquereux, 1873

Ilex suber｜Loes.

拟榕叶冬青｜Ilex subficoidea｜S.Y.Hu

拟长尾冬青｜Ilex sublongecaudata｜C.J.Tseng & S.Liu ex Y.R.Li

微香冬青｜Ilex subodorata｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex subrotunda｜Doweld, 2019

Ilex subrotundifolia｜Steyerm.

异齿冬青｜Ilex subrugosa｜Loes.

Ilex subtriflora｜Griseb. ex Loes.

Ilex subtriflora｜Griseb., 1892

太平山冬青｜Ilex sugerokii｜Maxim.

遂昌冬青｜Ilex suichangensis｜C.Z.Zheng

Ilex sulcata｜Wall., 1831

苏门答腊冬青｜Ilex sumatrana｜Loes.

Ilex summa｜Steyerm.

Ilex suprema｜Cuatrec.

铃木冬青｜Ilex suzukii｜S.Y.Hu

合核冬青｜Ilex synpyrena｜C.J.Tseng

蒲桃叶冬青｜Ilex syzygiophylla｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

四川冬青｜Ilex szechwanensis｜Loes.

Ilex tadiandamolensis｜Kesh.Murthy, Yogan. & K.V.Nair

Ilex tahanensis｜Kiew

泰宁冬青｜Ilex tainingensis｜G. S. He

台湾冬青｜Ilex taiwanicola

Ilex tamii｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex tarapotina｜Loes.

Ilex tateana｜Steyerm.

Ilex taubertiana｜Loes.

Ilex tectonica｜W.J.Hahn

薄核冬青｜Ilex tenuis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex tepuiana｜Steyerm. ex Edwin

Ilex teratopis｜Loes.

Ilex teratopos｜Loes.

Ilex teratopsis｜Loes., 1901

Ilex ternatiflora｜(C.H.Wright) R.A.Howard

灰叶冬青｜Ilex tetramera｜(Rehder) C.J.Tseng

Ilex theezans｜Mart.

Ilex theizans｜Mart. ex Reissek

Ilex thyrsiflora｜Klotzsch

Ilex tiricae｜Edwin

Ilex tonii｜Lundell

Ilex tonkinensis｜Pierre

Ilex toroidea｜D.M.Hicks

Ilex trachyphylla｜Loes.

毛果冬青｜Ilex trichocarpa｜H.W.Li ex Y.R.Li

Ilex trichoclada｜Loes.

Ilex trichothyrsa｜Loes.

三花冬青｜Ilex triflora｜Blume

Ilex truxillensis｜Turcz.

细枝冬青｜Ilex tsangii｜S.Y.Hu

蒋英冬青｜Ilex tsiangiana｜C.J.Tseng，以植物学家蒋英的名字命名

紫果冬青｜Ilex tsoi｜Merr. & Chun

Ilex tsugitakayamensis｜Sasaki

罗浮冬青｜Ilex tutcheri｜Merr.

Ilex uaramae｜Edwin

Ilex uleana｜Loes.

Ilex umbellata｜Klotzsch ex Reissek

伞序冬青｜Ilex umbellulata｜(Wall.) Loes.

Ilex uniflora｜Benth.

乌来冬青｜Ilex uraiensis｜Yamam.

Ilex urbaniana｜Loes. ex Urb.

Ilex urceolatus｜C.B.Shang, K.S.Tang & D.Q.Du

Ilex vacciniifolia｜Klotzsch

Ilex vaccinoides｜Loes.

Ilex valenzuelana｜Alain

Ilex velutina｜Mart. ex Reissek

Ilex velutinulosa｜Cuatrec.

委内瑞拉冬青｜Ilex venezuelensis｜Steyerm.

细脉冬青｜Ilex venosa｜C.Y.Wu ex Y.R.Li

微脉冬青｜Ilex venulosa｜Hook.fil.

Ilex venusta｜H.Peng & W.B.Liao

湿生冬青｜Ilex verisimilis｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

Ilex versteeghii｜Merr. & Perry

加拿大冬青｜Ilex verticillata｜(L.) A.Gray

Ilex vesparum｜Steyerm.

Ilex victorinii｜Alain

Ilex vietnamensis｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex villosula｜Loes.

Ilex virgata｜Loes.

绿冬青｜Ilex viridis｜Champ. ex Benth.

Ilex vismiifolia｜Reissek

Ilex vitiensis｜A.Gray

Ilex vitis

Ilex vitis-idaea｜Loes.

Ilex vixmiaefolia｜Reissek

Ilex vixmifolia｜Reissek

Ilex volkensiana｜(Loes.) Kaneh. & Hatus.

代茶冬青｜Ilex vomitoria｜Sol. ex Aiton

Ilex vomitoriafolia｜Berry, 1916

Ilex vulcanicola｜Standl.

Ilex walkeri｜Wight & Gardner ex Thwaites

Ilex wallichii｜Hook.

假枝冬青｜Ilex wangiana｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex warburgii｜Loes.

滇缅冬青｜Ilex wardii｜Merr.

假香冬青｜Ilex wattii｜Loes.

Ilex weberlingii｜Loizeau & Spichiger

温州冬青｜Ilex wenchowensis｜S.Y.Hu

Ilex wenzelii｜Merr.

Ilex wightiana｜Wall.

Ilex williamsii｜Standl.

尾叶冬青｜Ilex wilsonii｜Loes.

Ilex wuana｜T.R.Dudley

武功山冬青｜Ilex wugonshanensis｜C.J.Tseng ex S.K.Chen & Y.X.Feng

征镒冬青｜Ilex wuiana｜T.R.Dudley，以吴征镒的姓氏命名

Ilex wurdackiana｜Steyerm.

Ilex wyomingiana｜Lesquereux, 1878

小金冬青｜Ilex xiaojinensis｜Y.Q.Wang & P.Y.Chen

西藏冬青｜Ilex xizangensis｜Y.R.Li

阳春冬青｜Ilex yangchunensis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex yanlingensis｜C.J.Qi & Q.Z.Lin

独龙冬青｜Ilex yuiana｜S.Y.Hu

云南冬青｜Ilex yunnanensis｜Franch.

Ilex yurumanguinis｜Cuatrec.

Ilex yutajensis｜Wurdack

Ilex zeylanica｜Maxim.

浙江冬青｜Ilex zhejiangensis｜C.J.Tseng

Ilex zippeliana｜T.R.Dudley

Ilex zygophylla｜Merr.

杂交种：

Ilex ×aquipernyi｜Gable ex Whittem.

Ilex ×attenuata｜Ashe

Ilex ×kiusiana｜Hatus.

Ilex ×makinoi｜Hara

Ilex ×owariensis｜Hatus. & M.Kobay.

Ilex ×wandoensis｜C.F.Mill. & M.Kim

## 基本资料

- 说明：欧洲冬青绘图
- 学名：Ilex
- 命名者：Tourn. ex L., 1753
- subdivision_ranks：种
- 栽培群成员：约400种，详见内文。