伊斯蘭國呼羅珊省

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伊斯蘭國呼羅珊省（ISKP或ISIS-K）是薩拉菲聖戰組織伊斯蘭國（IS）的一個地區分支，活躍於中亞和南亞，主要在阿富汗、巴基斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和烏茲別克斯坦活動。ISIS-K 試圖破壞歷史上的呼羅珊地區的穩定並取代現有政府，其目標是建立一個嚴格按照伊斯蘭教法統治的哈里發國，並計劃將其擴張到該地區以外。

「伊斯蘭國呼羅珊分支」（ISIS-K）在阿富汗和巴基斯坦發動了多起針對平民的襲擊，主要目標是什葉派穆斯林、政治人物和政府雇員。2017年8月，「伊斯蘭國呼羅珊分支」襲擊了阿富汗北部幾個什葉派哈扎拉族聚居的村莊，導致薩爾普勒省境內大量哈扎拉族男女老幼遭到屠殺。其中一些最引人注目的襲擊包括：2021年喀布爾機場襲擊事件，造成 13 名美國軍人和至少 169 名阿富汗人在美軍撤離阿富汗期間喪生；2018 年 7 月在巴基斯坦選舉集會上發生的兩起自殺式炸彈襲擊事件，造成至少 131 人死亡；2016 年 7 月在喀布爾市中心發生的兩起炸彈襲擊事件，造成 97 名什葉派哈扎拉族抗議者死亡；以及 2023 年 7 月在巴基斯坦哈爾舉行的伊斯蘭教士聯盟（法茲勒派）集會上發生的自殺式炸彈襲擊事件，造成 63 人死亡。

雖然ISIS-K的大部分襲擊發生在阿富汗東部和巴基斯坦開伯爾-普赫圖赫瓦省，但該組織已將活動範圍擴大到傳統活動區域之外。2022年4月，ISIS-K從阿富汗境內向其北部鄰國烏茲別克斯坦發射火箭彈，同年5月又向塔吉克斯坦發射火箭彈。2024年1月，兩名ISIS-K襲擊者在伊朗克爾曼發動自殺式炸彈襲擊，當時正值悼念美國暗殺聖城旅指揮官卡西姆·蘇萊曼尼的遊行隊伍，造成94人死亡。2024年3月，四名塔吉克籍ISIS-K槍手使用步槍和燃燒彈襲擊了俄羅斯克拉斯諾戈爾斯克的一家音樂廳，造成145人死亡，這是該組織首次在阿富汗鄰國以外發動襲擊。2024年6月，美國官員在洛杉磯、紐約和費城逮捕了八名塔吉克斯坦男子，據報導，他們參與了在美國境內的ISIS-K陰謀，並與中歐一個正在被監控的更大的ISIS-K小組有聯繫。據稱，這八人均非法越過美墨邊境進入美國。

ISIS-K 最初是由來自阿富汗和巴基斯坦的武裝分子從與蓋達組織結盟的團體派遣到敘利亞內戰中，這些人最終加入了ISIS 哈里發國，並帶著指示和資金返回家鄉，為伊斯蘭國在呼羅珊地區的分支招募戰士。該組織的傳統權力中心始於並一直位於阿富汗東部與巴基斯坦接壤的地區，其成員包括持不同政見者和對塔利班不滿的前戰士以及來自南亞和東南亞的人員。

## 名稱

由於伊斯蘭國組織內部名稱紛繁複雜且不斷變化，ISIS-K 也使用了多種名稱。該組織曾使用過多種名稱，例如伊拉克和敘利亞伊斯蘭國 (ISIS)、伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯蘭國 (ISIL)、伊拉克和沙姆伊斯蘭國(ISIS)，後來又簡稱為伊斯蘭國 (IS)。「呼羅珊省」一詞在組織名稱後的縮寫形式不一，有時是「K」，有時是「KP」。因此，該組織常用的英文縮寫包括 ISIS-K、ISIL-K、IS-K、ISIS-KP、ISIL-KP、IS-KP、ISISK、ISK 和 ISKP。

在口語中，尤其是在西南亞和中南亞地區，該組織通常用「伊斯蘭國」的阿拉伯語縮寫「Daesh」或「Dāʿish」（داعش）來指代，其全稱為「ad- Da wlah al- I slamīyah fī l-ʻ I rāq wa ash- Shām」。在講阿拉伯語的伊拉克和敘利亞，這個名稱被認為是貶義的，因為它與「Daes」（دَعَسَ，字面意思是「踐踏」、「碾壓」）和「Dāhis」（دَاحِس，字面意思是「製造紛爭的人」）這兩個詞相似。「Daesh」這個名稱也用於ISIS-K的活動區域，包括波斯語、達里語、普什圖語、俾路支語和烏爾都語使用者中。儘管「達伊沙」（Daesh）一詞帶有貶義，但在與西方研究人員和記者的訪談中，ISIS-K成員和領導人都使用該詞來描述該組織。

「Wilayah」一詞，意為「省」，源自阿拉伯語，指由瓦利（總督）領導的行政區劃，是歷史上伊斯蘭哈里發政權的主要行政區劃。伊斯蘭國使用「Wilayat」一詞來指代其各個區域分支，例如伊斯蘭國西非省（ISWAP）。

「呼羅珊」一詞指的是大呼羅珊地區，這是伊朗高原東部的一個歷史區域，位於西亞和中亞之間。呼羅珊最初是波斯薩珊王朝統治下的一個地區，後在倭馬亞王朝時期得到擴張。如今，呼羅珊地區包括伊朗東北部、阿富汗大部分地區以及中亞南部部分地區。大呼羅珊地區不應與現代伊朗境內名稱相似的北呼羅珊省、南呼羅珊省和拉扎維呼羅珊省混淆。

ISIS-K 的首任瓦利哈菲茲·賽義德·汗在 2016 年接受伊斯蘭國雜誌《達比克》第 13 期採訪時，描述了呼羅珊地區及其重要性：呼羅珊省對伊斯蘭教和穆斯林意義重大。它及其周邊地區曾一度處於穆斯林的統治之下。後來，世俗主義者和拉菲迪派（什葉派）叛教者征服了其中的一些地區，而崇拜牛的印度教徒和無神論的中國人則征服了其他鄰近地區，例如克什米爾和突厥斯坦的部分地區。因此，蒙真主許可，呼羅珊省是重新征服所有這些地區的門戶，直到它們再次由真主的律法統治，從而擴展蒙福的哈里發國的疆域。哈菲茲· 賽義德·汗

## 歷史

### 背景

在2015年ISIS-K正式成立之前，南亞和中亞地區活躍著許多伊斯蘭聖戰極端組織，它們試圖以更加原教旨主義的伊斯蘭政權取代現有政府。這些組織與伊朗、土庫曼斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、巴基斯坦和中國政府作戰，其中大多數都得到了蓋達組織的支持。蓋達組織自1988年以來一直在阿富汗和巴基斯坦設有行動基地。2001年9月11日蓋達組織襲擊美國後，美國與塔利班的談判破裂，隨後美國推翻了阿富汗塔利班政權，並對試圖奪回阿富汗的蓋達組織和塔利班武裝分子發動了軍事行動。這場叛亂衝突成為呼羅珊地區聖戰主義的中心，該地區幾乎所有聖戰組織都不同程度地參與其中。

2003年晚些時候，美國推翻了伊拉克復興黨政權及其領導人薩達姆·海珊。由約旦薩拉菲派聖戰分子阿布·穆薩卜·扎卡維領導的「認主獨一與聖戰組織」（Jamat al-Tawhid wa al- Jihad）迅速因其對什葉派清真寺、平民、伊拉克政府、美國軍隊和外國軍隊的血腥襲擊而臭名昭著。2004年，扎卡維宣誓效忠奧薩馬·賓·拉登，該組織成為艾曼·扎瓦希里反美行動的一部分，並更名為伊拉克蓋達組織（AQI）。2007年美軍增兵伊拉克後，蓋達組織伊拉克分支（AQI）實力有所削弱，直到2011年，該組織在阿布·貝克爾·巴格達迪的領導下重新崛起，並蔓延至剛剛爆發的敘利亞內戰。伊拉克和敘利亞伊斯蘭國（後更名為「伊斯蘭國」）占領了伊拉克和敘利亞的多個城市，包括拉卡、費盧傑、摩蘇爾、提克里特、拉馬迪和阿勒頗，並於2014年宣布建立伊斯蘭哈里發國，巴格達迪為哈里發。

到2010年，塔利班的抵抗力量在派系鬥爭的壓力下日漸衰弱，其與北約部隊談判的嘗試也使其在許多聖戰組織中失去了信譽。相比之下，2011年3月敘利亞內戰的爆發將聖戰分子的注意力從阿富汗聖戰轉移到了黎凡特地區。隨著眾多聖戰組織湧入敘利亞參與衝突，蓋達組織在阿富汗和巴基斯坦的分支機構開始遊說派遣武裝人員加入敘利亞聖戰，此舉旨在向世界表明蓋達組織仍然積極參與全球聖戰，尤其是在捐助國對阿富汗聖戰的興趣逐漸減弱，轉而關注敘利亞境內日益猖獗的「伊斯蘭國」行動之際。雖然與蓋達組織有關聯的阿富汗和巴基斯坦聖戰分子早在 2003 年就前往黎凡特參戰，但大多數團體人數很少，並且很快融入了各種 ISIS 部隊。

### 形成

2012年7月14日，巴基斯坦塔利班（TTP）一位重要領導人哈菲茲·賽義德·汗同意迅速為蓋達組織招募143名阿富汗和巴基斯坦志願戰士，並將他們派往敘利亞加入努斯拉陣線。同樣，由於塔利班奎達舒拉和領導委員會（拉赫巴里舒拉）拒絕向敘利亞派遣戰士，塔利班白沙瓦舒拉和半自治的米蘭舒拉（即哈卡尼網絡）促成了西拉傑丁·哈卡尼與「伊斯蘭國」領導人阿布·貝克爾·巴格達迪之間的一項協議，以每月800美元的薪水（是塔利班戰士薪水的四倍）向敘利亞衝突派遣阿富汗和巴基斯坦聖戰分子。最重要的是，這些聖戰組織以有組織的團體形式作戰，最終將被帶回阿富汗和巴基斯坦，這與之前那些被同化到敘利亞當地聖戰組織中的團體截然不同。蓋達組織在印度次大陸和塔利班部分成員的部署迅速對敘利亞衝突產生了顯著影響。從2012年到2014年，加入「伊斯蘭國」的阿富汗人和巴基斯坦人數量大幅增長，僅巴基斯坦塔利班就部署了至少1000名志願者。

為了感謝阿富汗和巴基斯坦各組織提供的志願戰士，ISIS敘利亞軍事委員會向賽義德·汗首批派遣的十名巴基斯坦塔利班和巴基斯坦塔利班志願組織領導人提供了100萬美元，讓他們返回阿富汗和巴基斯坦後為該組織招募成員。從2013年11月開始，這些領導人開始接觸包括阿富汗塔利班、巴基斯坦塔利班運動、烏茲別克斯坦伊斯蘭運動、虔誠軍、章格維軍等在內的各個武裝組織的成員，邀請他們加入。這十名指揮官後來成為ISIS-K的早期高級人物，其中包括謝赫·穆赫辛和薩阿德·埃馬拉蒂，他們分別成為ISIS-K在庫納爾省和洛加爾省的首任埃米爾。為了支持日益壯大的運動，哈卡尼網絡和白沙瓦舒拉在瓦濟里斯坦和庫納爾設立了兩個訓練營，教授武裝分子戰鬥技能、審查其身份，並提供基礎阿拉伯語課程。訓練結束後，這些武裝分子會途經伊朗和土耳其前往敘利亞，他們大多偽裝成經濟移民，或搭乘商業航班前往敘利亞，為更高級別的領導人服務。當時，指揮官們發現很容易動員武裝分子加入敘利亞的戰鬥，因為大多數人認為他們之前的組織最終會與阿富汗或巴基斯坦政府簽署和平協議，而且敘利亞的資金比該地區搖搖欲墜的塔利班捐助者更有吸引力。一位ISIS-K高級成員在2015年6月指出：「許多阿拉伯國家支持達伊沙：沙烏地阿拉伯、卡達、阿聯等等。他們還控制著大量的自然資源，比如油井。」從 2013 年年中開始，這些組織的領導人開始宣誓效忠伊斯蘭國的哈里發阿布·貝克爾·巴格達迪，但目前尚不清楚武裝分子的原組織如何看待這些新宣誓的效忠，或者其他人是否選擇繼續效忠蓋達組織的努斯拉陣線。

早在2014年初，甚至在伊斯蘭國正式脫離蓋達組織並在伊拉克和敘利亞宣布建立哈里發國之前，巴格達迪（伊斯蘭國哈里發）、阿布·穆斯利姆·圖爾克馬尼（副埃米爾）和阿布·奧馬爾·希沙尼（拉卡高級指揮官）就已大力倡導其志願者在阿富汗和巴基斯坦建立新的分支（省），並將伊朗和中亞地區作為未來的目標。2014年4月3日，希沙尼任命來自巴格蘭省的阿富汗人卡里·瓦利·拉赫曼為伊斯蘭國駐阿富汗和巴基斯坦特別代表，拉赫曼自2013年以來一直在敘利亞作戰。

儘管伊斯蘭國已同意在呼羅珊地區設立分支機構，並指定了一名特別代表，但來自呼羅珊地區（主要來自阿富汗、巴基斯坦和烏茲別克斯坦）的志願者團體仍然各自為政，分散各地。直到2014年，這些團體才開始組建規模更大的組織，並圍繞幾位關鍵指揮官凝聚起來。這些團體包括呼羅珊哈里發運動（TKK）、阿富汗哈里發運動和穆斯林·多斯特的團體、阿齊祖拉·哈卡尼的團體以及巴基斯坦哈里發運動（TKP），其中前三個團體位於阿富汗，而TKP位於巴基斯坦。

2015年1月，三個分別從阿富汗塔利班、哈卡尼網絡和巴基斯坦塔利班招募成員的組織合併為更大的「伊斯蘭國-呼羅珊省」（ISIS-K），由哈菲茲·賽義德·汗擔任總督。ISIS-K中央發言人阿布·穆罕默德·阿德南於2015年1月26日正式宣布了這一合併。對ISIS-K領導人的採訪表明，從那天起，這些原本各自獨立的組織的成員都開始自稱為「達伊沙」、「達伊沙-呼羅珊」或「伊斯蘭哈里發」，並強烈反對繼續暗示他們是不同的組織。一名曾隸屬於「伊斯蘭國呼羅珊分支」（ISIS-K）的成員，前「阿富汗哈里發」成員說道：「我的老闆是來自巴基斯坦奧拉克扎伊部落的毛拉·阿卜杜勒·哈迪姆。我不知道我的老闆是誰，我們也不需要知道。我只知道我的老闆是誰，以及『伊斯蘭哈里發』的領導人是誰，那就是『信士的統帥』阿布·貝克爾·巴格達迪。『伊斯蘭國』不像塔利班，人人都知道他們的組織架構。」

### 擴張

儘管ISIS-K於2015年1月正式成立，是由呼羅珊哈里發運動（TKK）、阿富汗哈里發運動、穆斯林·多斯特的組織、阿齊祖拉·哈卡尼的組織以及巴基斯坦哈里發運動（TKP）合併而成，但該組織的擴張吸引了其他各種武裝組織，其中許多來自阿富汗的周邊地區。值得一提的是，這些組織包括奧馬爾·加齊集團、沙馬利哈里發運動、甘肅會組織、俾路支哈里發運動、伊斯蘭軍、毛拉·巴赫特瓦爾的組織、沙姆薩圖組織，以及巴基斯坦和阿富汗東部的激進學生團體。除了吸納一些規模較小的武裝組織外，新成立的「伊斯蘭國呼羅珊分支」（ISIS-K）還與該地區其他遜尼派聖戰運動結成了重要的聯盟，其中包括烏茲別克斯坦伊斯蘭運動（IMU）、土庫曼斯坦伊斯蘭運動（IMT）、東突厥斯坦維吾爾伊斯蘭黨（ETIP）、安薩魯拉組織、塔吉克斯坦伊斯蘭運動、塔吉克斯坦伊斯蘭聖戰復興黨（IJRPT）、古勒卜丁伊斯蘭黨，以及包括巴基斯坦真主軍和伊朗真主軍在內的俾路支武裝組織，這些組織都被ISIS-K聯合起來。這些組織與ISIS-K一樣，都對什葉派穆斯林抱有強烈的敵意，並渴望用一個強大的伊斯蘭國家取代該地區現有的世俗民主制度。在ISIS-K成立之前，許多此類組織都依賴於蓋達組織的有限支持。而到了ISIS-K成立之時，蓋達組織已被認為過於專注於在阿富汗對抗北約部隊，而忽視了其他中亞聖戰運動。ISIS-K在中亞國家的影響力是許多海灣遜尼派穆斯林捐助者的重要驅動因素，他們為ISIS-K提供資金支持，以對抗俄羅斯在前蘇聯中亞國家的反伊斯蘭勢力。

2019年5月15日，伊斯蘭國在分別聲稱對俾路支省和克什米爾的襲擊事件負責後，宣布成立新的「巴基斯坦省」和「印度省」分支。這表明，雖然呼羅珊省仍然存在，但其自稱的地理範圍可能有所縮小。

據報導，截至 2020 年 5 月，ISIS-K 在阿富汗的領土控制範圍僅限於庫納爾省喬凱區的部分地區，具體包括查拉斯村、德瓦伊加爾山谷和舒拉茲山谷。

2020年7月26日，聯合國一份報告指出，儘管「伊斯蘭國」在阿富汗的前據點楠格哈爾省和庫納爾省遭受了進一步的嚴重挫敗，但現在就排除其構成威脅還為時過早。儘管「伊斯蘭國」在阿富汗的勢力範圍正在萎縮，但它仍有可能在包括喀布爾在內的阿富汗各地發動高調襲擊。

## 恐怖攻擊記錄列表

聲稱和據稱的恐襲

日期｜恐怖攻擊｜地點｜備註｜死亡人數｜受傷人數

2015年4月18日｜2015年賈拉拉巴德自殺式炸彈襲擊｜阿富汗賈拉拉巴德｜一名自殺式炸彈襲擊者在賈拉拉巴德的一家銀行外引爆。｜33｜100

2015年5月13日｜2015年喀拉蚩巴士槍擊案｜巴基斯坦喀拉蚩｜8 名槍手在喀拉蚩襲擊了一輛公共汽車。Claim disputed.｜45+｜Dozens

2016年1月13日｜阿富汗賈拉拉巴德｜屬於伊斯蘭國的三名襲擊者對巴基斯坦駐阿富汗領事館發動了襲擊。這次襲擊導致阿富汗安全部隊的 7 名成員死亡。｜7｜0

2016年6月20日｜喀布爾加拿大大使館警衛襲擊｜阿富汗喀布爾｜一名自殺式炸彈襲擊者襲擊了加拿大大使館保安的車隊。事後伊斯蘭國和塔利班均聲稱對此負責。｜15+ or 16 (+1)｜9

2016年7月23日｜2016年7月喀布爾爆炸襲擊｜阿富汗喀布爾｜兩名自殺式炸彈襲擊者在哈扎拉少數民族的抗議中引爆，這是喀布爾自 2001 年以來最致命的襲擊事件｜80+｜260

2016 年 8 月 8 日｜2016年8月奎達襲擊｜巴基斯坦奎達｜多名襲擊者在律師聚集的政府醫院進行自殺式爆炸和槍擊。(Also claimed by )｜94｜130+

2016 年 10 月 24 日｜巴基斯坦恰爾薩達｜一名情報人員被槍殺。伊斯蘭國後來在Amaq上發表的一份聲明中聲稱發生了這次襲擊。｜1｜0

2016 年 10 月 24 日｜2016年奎達警察培訓學院襲擊｜巴基斯坦奎達｜三名武裝人員在奎達警察培訓學院的警察學員熟睡時對他們進行了大規模射擊。一名襲擊者在行動中喪生，另外兩人自爆，造成 61 名學員死亡。(Also claimed by Lashkar-e-Jhangvi)｜61｜160+

2016 年 10 月 26 日｜阿富汗古爾省｜武裝分子在阿富汗古爾省綁架了至少 30 名平民，造成至少 30 名平民死亡。｜30｜0

2016 年 10 月 26 日｜阿富汗賈拉拉巴德｜一名伊斯蘭國自殺炸彈手炸死了一些阿富汗部落長老。｜4–15｜25

2016 年 11 月 4 日｜阿富汗古爾省｜伊斯蘭國在古爾省處決了 31 名平民。｜31｜0

2016 年 11 月 5 日｜阿富汗古爾省｜伊斯蘭國在古爾省綁架了至少6名平民。｜0｜6人 被綁架

2016 年 11 月 12 日｜2016年胡茲達爾自殺式炸彈襲擊｜巴基斯坦胡茲達爾｜巴基斯坦俾路支省拉斯貝拉區哈布鎮擁擠的沙阿諾拉尼(Shah Noorani) 神殿發生自殺式炸彈襲擊，造成至少 55 人死亡，其中包括婦女和兒童。｜55 (+1)｜102+

2016 年 11 月 16 日｜阿富汗喀布爾｜一名自殺式炸彈襲擊者在國防部附近與阿富汗國家安全部隊成員的車隊中引爆了自己。｜6 (+1)｜15

2016 年 11 月 21 日｜阿富汗喀布爾｜喀布爾什葉派清真寺「Baqir-ul-Olum」發生自殺式爆炸。｜30 (+1)｜15

2016 年 11 月 25 日｜阿富汗賈拉拉巴德｜多枚炸彈在賈拉拉巴德市爆炸。｜6｜27

2016 年 12 月 10 日｜巴基斯坦白沙瓦｜伊斯蘭國聲稱對在巴基斯坦西北部城市白沙瓦殺害一名反恐警察並打傷他的兒子負責。｜1｜1

2017 年 2 月 7 日｜阿富汗喀布爾｜阿富汗喀布爾最高法院發生自殺式爆炸。ISIL claimed responsibility.｜22｜41

2017 年 2 月 8 日｜, 阿富汗｜伊斯蘭國在阿富汗庫什特帕區殺害了紅十字國際委員會的6名當地僱員。襲擊者還帶走了另外兩名工人。｜6｜2被綁架

2017年2月16日｜, 巴基斯坦｜巴基斯坦南部一座神殿發生自殺式爆炸。｜88｜250

2017年3月8日｜喀布爾, 阿富汗｜一群身著白色醫院長袍的槍手襲擊了Sardar Daud Khan醫院。｜49｜63

2017年4月12日｜喀布爾, 阿富汗｜一名自殺式炸彈襲擊者在喀布爾政府辦公室附近進行襲擊。伊斯蘭國聲稱對這次襲擊負責。｜5 (+1)｜10

2017年5月3日｜喀布爾, 阿富汗｜一名自殺式炸彈襲擊者在喀布爾美國大使館附近的一個北約車隊旁邊引爆炸彈｜8 (+1)｜28

2017年5月17日｜賈拉拉巴德, 阿富汗｜Four civilians and two police officers were killed when ISIL militants stormed a TV station in Jalalabad. Two militants blew themselves up and the other two have taken hostages. They were later killed by the police.｜6 (+4)｜17

2017年6月1日｜賈拉拉巴德, 阿富汗｜一輛汽車炸彈在賈拉拉巴德外的機場引爆｜1｜5

2017年6月30日｜, Afghanistan｜Seven civilians were killed and five others wounded when a bomb planted by ISIL militants blew up in the Achin district of Nangarhar province.｜7｜5

25 July 2017｜Sar-e Pol city, Afghanistan｜Militants affiliated with ISIL have beheaded a man allegedly over sorcery in the capital of the northern province of Sar-e-Pol.｜1｜0

31 July 2017｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜ISIL militants committed an attack on the Iraqi Embassy in the Afghan capital Kabul. One terrorist blew himself up and another three entered the embassy. Two Afghan guards were killed and three others injured in the attack.｜2 (+4)｜3

1 August 2017｜Herat, Afghanistan｜Two suicide bombers attacked a Shia mosque in Herat. One of the bombers shot at worshipers with a rifle before detonating himself.｜33 (+2)｜66

30 August 2017｜Jalalabad, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives in front of the house of an Afghan MP in Jalalabad. The explosion killed two guards and injured another one. A second attacker was killed before he could detonate himself.｜2 (+2)｜1

20 October 2017｜, Afghanistan｜A suicide bombing in a Sunni mosque of Ghor Province. The main target of the attack was a local commander from the anti-Taliban Jamiat party.｜33 (+1)｜10

20 October 2017｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber attacked inside a Shia mosque in Kabul.｜56 (+1)｜55

31 October 2017｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜An ISIL suicide bomber blew himself up in Kabul.｜14 (+1)｜13

7 November 2017｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜A TV building was attacked in downtown Kabul by three militants. An employee and a security guard were killed. At least one militant blew himself up while the others were killed during a gunfight with security forces. ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜2 (+3)｜20

16 November 2017｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜At least 19 people including eight police officers and ten civilians were killed in a bomb explosion outside a restaurant in Kabul.｜19｜10

18 December 2017｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜Gunmen attacked a training center of the National Directorate of Security in Kabul, injuring two policemen. All three attackers were gunned downed.｜0 (+3)｜2

25 December 2017｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomb attack near the compound of Afghanistan's intelligence agency in Kabul.｜10 (+1)｜5

28 December 2017｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber stormed a Shi『ite cultural center and news agency in the Afghan capital, killing and wounding some including a number of students attending a conference. Two other bombs were detonated in the zone.｜50 (+1)｜80

4 January 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bombing targeted a mobile police checkpoint in Kabul.｜20｜30

7 January 2018｜庫納爾省, Afghanistan｜Insurgents stormed a security checkpoint in Afghanistan's eastern Kunar province.｜3｜8

24 January 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A complex attack began with a suicide car bomb outside the Save The Children offices in the city of Jalalabad followed by gunmen entering the compound and fighting Afghan special forces.｜6｜27

29 January 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜11 Afghan soldiers were killed and 16 others were injured when five ISIL militants attacked an army post in Kabul. Four attackers were later killed by the security forces and another was arrested.｜11 (+4)｜16

24 February 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide blast in the Shash Darak area of Kabul.｜3 (+1)｜6

7 March 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber killed three people including the local head of the Ministry of Hajj and Religious Affairs.｜3 (+1)｜16

9 March 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber set off explosives in a crowd of Shiite Muslims near a mosque complex in Kabul.｜10 (+1)｜22

19 March 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A motorcycle bombing in Jalalabad in the Afghan province of Nangarhar.｜4｜11

21 March 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bombing near a Shiite shrine in Kabul occurred as Afghans celebrated the Persian New Year.｜33 (+1)｜65

25 March 2018｜赫拉特, Afghanistan｜Two suicide bombers attacked a Shiite mosque in Herat, killing three including the two bombers.｜1 (+2)｜9

30 March 2018｜Watapur District, Afghanistan｜A member of the provincial council of Kunar and a religious scholar were killed in a suicide bombing in the Watapur district of Kunar province. A security guard was also wounded in the attack.｜2 (+1)｜1

17 April 2018｜Darzab District, Afghanistan｜ISIL fighters beheaded a 12-year-old boy in Darzab district in the northern Afghan province of Jowzjan.｜1｜0

22 April 2018｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomb attack at a voter registration centre in the Afghan capital Kabul. The casualties were all civilians most of whom had been waiting outside the office to apply for their IDs to register to vote in the upcoming elections.｜69 (+1)｜120

22 April 2018｜Chaparhar District, Afghanistan｜ISIL militants beheaded three brothers in Chaparhar district in Nangarhar province in Afghanistan.｜3｜0

29 April 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜At least seven people including children and policemen were injured in a bomb attack near a voter registration center in Jalalabad, the capital of the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar.｜0｜7

30 April 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜Two suicide bombings in the Afghan capital Kabul.｜29 (+2)｜50

4 June 2018｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives targeting a gathering of Afghanistan's top clerics in Kabul. Afterwards, a magnetic bomb attached to a police car exploded and as a result three people were wounded.｜14(+1)｜22

11 June 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives at an Afghan ministry in Kabul.｜17(+1)｜40

16 June 2018｜Rodat District, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber attacked a gathering of Taliban and Afghan armed forces in the Rodat district of the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar.｜36(+1)｜65

17 June 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives near the governor's compound in Afghanistan's eastern city of Jalalabad.｜25(+1)｜50

30 June 2018｜Khogyani District, Afghanistan｜ISIL militants beheaded at least three people working as attendants for a local school in the Khogyani district of the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar. The school building was also set on fire.｜3｜0

1 July 2018｜July 2018 Jalalabad suicide bombing｜Jalalabad, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives in the center of the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad, killing at least 20 people including several members of the Sikh minority.｜20(+1)｜20

5 July 2018｜Khogyani District, Afghanistan｜Three Taliban militants including one commander were killed and four civilians injured in a bomb blast in the Khogyani district of the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar.｜0 (+3)｜4

9 July 2018｜Chaparhar District, Afghanistan｜At least nine civilians including two children were injured in a bomb explosion in the Chaparhar district of the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar.｜0｜9

9 July 2018｜Khogyani District, Afghanistan｜A Taliban insurgent and a civilian were killed in the Khogyani district of the Afghan province of Nangarhar.｜1(+1)｜0

10 July 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives near a petrol pump, killing two officials working for Afghanistan's intelligence agency and 10 civilians including children, and sparking a fire that burned eight cars in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad. Five other people were taken to hospital.｜12 (+1)｜5

11 July 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A militant attack on the building of the provincial education department in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad. One suicide bomber detonated his explosives while two more were shot dead by the security forces in a gunfight lasting several hours.｜12(+3)｜9

13 July 2018｜7·13巴基斯坦炸彈襲擊事件｜馬斯吞縣, Pakistan｜At least 131 people were killed and more than 300 others injured in a suicide bombing at election rally.｜131｜300+

15 July 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber blew himself up near a government ministry in Kabul.｜8(+1)｜17

17 July 2018｜Sayyad District, Afghanistan｜27 including some Taliban militants were killed in a suicide bombing that targeted a funeral for a deceased person in the Sayyad district of the northern Afghan province of Sar-e Pol.｜27 (+1)｜23

20 July 2018｜Bagrami District, Afghanistan｜A child was injured when a suicide bomber blew himself up before reaching his target in the Bagrami district of Kabul province, Afghanistan.｜0(+1)｜1

22 July 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜At least 23 people including an AFP driver were killed in a suicide bombing near Kabul International Airport as scores of people were leaving the airport after welcoming home Afghan Vice President Abdul Rashid Dostum from exile.｜23 (+1)｜107

22 July 2018｜Surkh-Rōd District, Afghanistan｜A gunman opened fire in a mosque in the Surkh-Rōd district in the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar, killing four people and injuring three others, including the mosque's religious leader.｜4｜3

25 July 2018｜奎達, Pakistan｜At least 31 people including five policemen and two children were killed after a suicide bomber blew himself up outside a polling station in the Pakistani city of Quetta.｜31 (+1)｜40

28 July 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜Two security guards and a driver were killed after a suicide bomber detonated his explosives and another attacker stormed into a training center for midwives in Jalalabad, the capital of the Afghan province of Nangarhar. The second attacker was shot in an hour-long battle with the security forces.｜3(+2)｜8

30 July 2018｜Rodat District, Afghanistan｜A local tribal elder and three of his family members were killed in a suicide car bomb attack in the Rodat district of the eastern Afghan province of Nangarhar. The son of the tribal leader also underwent some injuries in the attack.｜4(+1)｜1

31 July 2018｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber blew up a car near the entrance to the Department of Refugees and Returnees in the Afghan city of Jalalabad and then two armed men stormed the building. The attackers took several hostages during the attack. Security killed both gunmen after about six hours.｜14(+3)｜26

3 August 2018｜Gardez, Afghanistan｜Two militants dressed in burqas entered a Shiite mosque in the town of Gardez in the province of Paktia and opened fire. Both attackers later blew themselves up.｜48(+2)｜70

5 August 2018｜Jalalabad, Afghanistan｜Three officers of the Afghan National Army were killed and three others injured when a suicide bomber detonated his explosives in front of an army checkpoint in the eastern Afghan city of Jalalabad.｜3(+1)｜3

15 August 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bombing in an educative academy of Kabul.｜48｜67

5 September 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜Suicide blasts targeted a Kabul Wrestling club and emergency teams, two journalists were among the dead, and ISIL claimed responsibility for the bombing.｜26(+2)｜91

9 September 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber on a motorbike blew himself up near a group of people commemorating the death anniversary of a resistance leader in Kabul on Sunday, killing at least seven people and injuring an additional 25, officials said, ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜7(+1)｜25

26 September 2018｜喀拉特, Pakistan｜Two Pakistani soldiers were killed in the Kalat area of Manghochar Balochistan when they clashed with ISIL militants in a compound, all 3 ISIL militants were killed.｜2 (+3)｜6

2 October 2018｜Kama District, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated at an election rally in the Kama district of the Nangarhar Province, ISIL claimed responsibility through Amaq.｜14 (+1)｜40

4 October 2018｜楠格哈爾省, Afghanistan｜A bomb blast at an office of the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID), ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜2｜9

10 October 2018｜Momand Dara District, Afghanistan｜ISIL publicly executed three civilians in a desert court in the Momand Dara District of Nangarhar Province.｜3｜0

29 October 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber targeting an Independent Election Commission (IEC) in Kabul detonated, ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜2 (+1)｜7

31 October 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber targeting a bus carrying employees of Afghanistan's biggest prison in Kabul detonated, ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜7 (+1)｜5

12 November 2018｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber detonated his explosives near Pashtunistan Square, in Kabul city center among a crowd of Hazaras who were protesting violence against them, ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜6 (+1)｜20

23 November 2018｜2018年奧拉克茲爆炸案｜Kalaya, Pakistan｜A suicide bomber detonated in a market in the Shi'ite dominated region of , Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, northern Pakistan, ISIL claimed responsibility.｜34 (+1)｜56

23 November 2018｜霍斯特省, Afghanistan｜A suicide bombing left 27 Afghan National Army personnel dead in a mosque at an army base in the Khost Province, Afghanistan, the Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack.｜27 (+1)｜57

15 January 2019｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A car driver was killed in Kabul's PD9 when a magnetic bomb exploded while attached to the car. ISIL claimed responsibility and said that the person killed was an Afghan intelligence officer.｜1｜0

5 February 2019｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A policeman was shot and killed by multiple gunmen in a targeted killing in the city of Jalalabad. The gunmen took the man's weapon away and ISIL took responsibility for the attack.｜1｜0

13 February 2019｜Alingar District, Afghanistan｜Two Taliban members were killed in an attack by ISIS Khurasan members in Laghman's Alingar District.｜2｜0

6 March 2019｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜A suicide bomber attacked a building company near the 賈拉拉巴德機場, later four gunmen attacked the area. All five attackers were killed in the attack. 伊斯蘭國 claimed responsibility for the attack.｜16 (+5)｜10

7 March 2019｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜Shelling at a gathering commemorating the death anniversary of Shia leader 阿布杜勒·阿里·馬扎里. 伊斯蘭國 has claimed responsibility for the attack. One of the attackers was arrested.｜3｜22

12 April 2019｜奎達, Pakistan｜A suicide blast took place in a potato stall in Shia-dominated Hazarganji vegetable market.｜22｜48+

20 April 2019｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜An explosion followed by gunfire targeted the Afghan Ministry of Information, killing 10 (7 civilians, 3 security personnel). The four attackers were all eventually killed.｜10｜5

17 August 2019｜2019年8月17日喀布爾爆炸襲擊｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide blast took place in the men's reception area of a wedding hall in Kabul, in a Shia neighbourhood, packed with people celebrating a marriage.｜80｜160+

6 November 2019｜, Tajikistan｜Around 20 ISIS militants from Afghanistan conducted an attack on a border post in Tajikistan after crossing into Tajikistan from Afghanistan. The attack resulted in the death of a Tajik border guard and a police officer. In the ensuing firefight, 15 ISIS militants were killed and five were arrested.｜17 (incl. 15 militants)

6 March 2020｜6 March 2020 Kabul shooting｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜Two gunmen fired from a building that was under construction. It happened during a ceremony to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the murder by the Taliban of Afghan Shia leader 阿布杜勒·阿里·馬扎里. The ceremony was attended by Afghan politician 阿卜杜拉·阿卜杜拉 who escaped unharmed. The two gunmen were killed later the same day. ISIL claimed responsibility for the attack.｜32｜81

25 March 2020｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜A suicide blast and an armed assault took place at a Sikh shrine in Kabul, Afghanistan. During the attack, there were 200 worshippers inside the shrine, among them also Indian citizens. Attackers held hostages inside which caused a 6 hours lasting shootout. The attack resulted in 25 Sikh worshippers killed. After the attack, Afghan and NATO soldiers helped with the clearance operation.｜25｜8+

12 May 2020｜May 2020 Afghanistan attacks｜Kuz Kunar District, Nangarhar, Afghanistan｜A suicide bombing took place in Kuz Kunar District, Nangarhar Province at the funeral of Shaikh Akram, a police commander who died of a heart attack a day before.｜32｜133+

12 May 2020｜May 2020 Afghanistan attackss｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜16 mothers and eight children and babies are killed after Islamic State militants targeted the maternity unit of a hospital in the predominately 什葉派哈扎拉人 neighborhood of Dashte Barchi Kabul, moving through the 55-bed maternity unit. The three gunmen were later killed during a battle with security forces. The mothers were specifically the main target of the attack according to authorities.｜24 (+3)｜16

3 August 2020｜賈拉拉巴德, Nangarhar, Afghanistan｜An attack was launched by ISKP-affiliated gunmen in Jalalabad prison, in which 200 ISKP-affiliated prisoners managed to escape. Three gunmen also died.｜29 (+3)｜50+

25 October 2020｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜An Islamic State suicide bomber struck near an education centre in the Afghan capital Kabul on Saturday.｜18 (+3)｜57

10 December 2020｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜TV and radio presenter Malalai Maiwand and her driver were killed in a shooting attack on their vehicle in the regional capital Jalalabad. The Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack.｜2｜0

2 January 2021｜Machh, 巴基斯坦｜11 Hazara coal miners are kidnapped near their mine and then killed by Islamic State militants in Machh, Pakistan.｜11｜0

2 March 2021｜阿富汗賈拉拉巴德｜Three female media workers are shot dead in Jalalabad.｜3｜1

8 May 2021｜2021年5月8日喀布爾爆炸案｜阿富汗喀布爾｜A car bombing followed by two more improvised explosive device (IED) blasts occurred in front of Sayed al-Shuhada school in Dashte Barchi, a predominantly Shia Hazara area in western Kabul, Afghanistan. The majority of the casualties were girls between 11 and 15 years old. The attack took place in a neighborhood that has been attacked by militants belonging to ISIL over the years. The Taliban blamed the attack on IS–KP.｜90｜220

10 May 2021｜Pul-e-Matak, Afghanistan｜A bus was hit by an IED, leaving 2 civilians dead. IS–K claimed the attack, stating that the Shia's on the bus were the target.｜2｜9

13 May 2021｜Sardawra, Afghanistan｜Two civilians including a child were killed after a remote-controlled explosive was detonated. IS–K later claimed responsibility.｜2｜14

14 May 2021｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜12 people were killed including an Imam whilst worshipping in a mosque when an IED exploded within the mosque. ISIS later claimed responsibility.｜12｜15

2 June 2021｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜Two bombs were detonated targeting two different buses in Kabul. Both buses were transporting passengers of the Hazara ethnic group. ISIS later claimed the attack via Telegram.｜10｜12

8 June 2021｜Baghlan, Afghanistan｜ISIS–K claimed responsibility for attacking de-mining workers in Baghlan Province (north of the Afghan capital Kabul), 10 de-miners were shot dead.｜10｜16

12 June 2021｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜ISIS–K claimed responsibility for planting sticky bombs onto two vans carrying Shi'ites in a part of Kabul, creating two car bombs.｜7｜4+

26 June 2021｜古勒姆特區, Pakistan｜ISIS–K along with TTP claimed responsibility for the kidnapping of 16 Telecom Workers, 10 of the workers were later released but one man was beheaded and the militants demanded a ransom for the last 5. They were released after ransom was provided to the group.｜1｜0

13 July 2021｜古勒姆特區, Pakistan｜In a joint operation with TTP, ISIS–KP carried out a ambush in 古勒姆特區, a of 15 Pakistan Army soldiers who were carrying out a relief operation for recently kidnapped telecom workers, were killed in the attack.｜15｜0

20 July 2021｜喀布爾, Afghanistan｜ISIS–K took responsibility for three rocket attacks which landed outside Afghan government presidential palace. Afghan president, Ashraf Ghani and other government and security officials were taking part in prayer at the time of the attack. No casualties were reported in the attack.｜0｜0

27 July 2021｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜ISKP claimed responsibility for the assassination of a NDS operative.｜1｜0

28 July 2021｜昆都士, Afghanistan｜ISKP operatives abducted an Afghan police officer and released a video of them executing him with a pistol in the Kunduz area.｜1｜0

29 July 2021｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜ISKP claimed responsibility for assassinating an employee of the Pakistani embassy in Jalalabad.｜1｜0

1 August 2021｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜ISKP claimed responsibility for the assassination of a rival 塔利班 operative in Jalalabad.｜1｜0

2 August 2021｜赫拉特, Afghanistan｜ISKP claimed responsibility for detonating an explosive device targeting a bus full of Shias in the city of Herat.｜3｜10

9 August 2021｜賈拉拉巴德, Afghanistan｜ISKP claimed responsibility for assassinating a former officer of the Afghan army in Jalalabad.｜1｜0

2021年8月26日｜2021年喀布爾機場襲擊｜阿富汗喀布爾哈米德·卡爾扎伊國際機場｜An ISKP suicide bomber blew himself up at the Kabul airport, killing 162 Afghan civilians and 13 US military personnel. The killed Americans were identified as 10 US Marines, two soldiers, and one US Navy Medic. Three of the killed Afghans were British citizens. More than 200 other people were wounded, including several Taliban members and 18 Americans.｜175｜200+

18 September 2021｜賈拉拉巴德 and 喀布爾｜A series of bomb attacks in Jalalabad and Kabul city killed 7 people, including 2 Taliban fighters, and injured 30 others. ISIS took responsibility for the series of bomb attacks and claimed that it killed or wounded more than 35 Taliban fighters in those bomb attacks.｜7｜30

22 September 2021｜阿富汗賈拉拉巴德｜Two Taliban fighters and a civilian were killed in an attack by gunmen affiliated with Islamic State on a security checkpoint in Jalalabad City, according to eyewitness and security officials.｜3｜0

3 October 2021｜阿富汗喀布爾｜An explosion at the entrance to the Eidgah Mosque in Kabul left at least five people dead, where a memorial service was held for the mother of Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid. ISKP later claimed responsibility, saying it targeted and killed several Taliban operatives.｜5｜7

6 October 2021｜阿富汗霍斯特｜ISKP claimed responsibility for a grenade attack on a religious school in the city of Khost, killing at least 7 people including at least one Taliban fighter.｜7｜15+

8 October 2021｜2021年昆都士清真寺爆炸案｜阿富汗昆都士｜On October 8, an 維吾爾族 Islamic State militant, by the name of Muhammad al-Uyghuri killed 55-100 people and injured dozens more after launching a suicide bombing on a 什葉派 mosque in the city of 昆都士.｜55｜100+

15 October 2021｜2021年坎大哈清真寺爆炸案｜阿富汗坎大哈｜A suicide bombing occurred at the Imam Bargah mosque, a Shia mosque during Friday prayers in Kandahar, Afghanistan, killing at least 65 people and wounding more than 70 others. The Islamic State – Khorasan Province claimed responsibility for the attack via their 阿馬克新聞社.｜65｜70+

2 November 2021｜阿富汗喀布爾｜On 2 November 2021, bombers and gunmen attacked Daoud Khan Military Hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan. Militants attacked the hospital at its entrance gate by explosion and caused another explosion nearby, then continued the attack using guns. The Taliban said that they killed four attackers and arrested another.｜25｜50+

13 November 2021｜阿富汗喀布爾｜At least 2 killed and at least 5 injured in IED explosion which struck a bus in traveling on the main avenue in Kabul Dashti Barchi neighborhood.｜2｜5

17 November 2021｜阿富汗喀布爾｜Twin blasts in western Kabul's Dasht-e Barchi neighborhood killed one and wounded six others.｜1｜6

24 November 2021｜拉瓦爾品第｜On 24 November 2021, IS delineates "Khorasan Province" from "Pakistan Province" in attack claims, one involving targeted killing in Rawalpindi.｜1｜0

23 December 2021｜阿富汗喀布爾｜A car bomb exploded near the gate outside the main passport department office in Kabul. Islamic State later claims responsibility for the attack.｜0｜0

4 March 2022｜2022年白沙瓦清真寺襲擊｜白沙瓦｜On 4 March 2022, an Islamic State suicide bomber blew himself up at a Shiite mosque in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, killing at least 63 people.｜63 (+1)｜196

8 March 2022｜錫比縣｜On 8 March 2022, a suicide bomber detonated a suicide vest killing six Pakistani paramilitary men and injuring 22 more.｜6 (+1)｜22

21 April 2022｜阿富汗馬扎里沙里夫｜A bomb exploded at a Shiite mosque in Mazar-i-Sharif during Friday prayers, killing 31 people and wounding 87.｜31｜87

3 August 2022｜阿富汗喀布爾｜Two Taliban police officers were killed and four were wounded during a gunbattle with Islamic State gunmen at a hideout in Kabul. Three Islamic State militants were also killed.｜2 (+3)｜4

5 August 2022｜阿富汗喀布爾｜On 5 August 2022, eight people were killed and 18 others were injured when a bomb hidden in a cart exploded near a Shiite mosque in Kabul. The Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attack.｜8｜18

30 September 2022｜September 2022 Kabul school bombing｜阿富汗喀布爾｜a suicide bomber blew himself up at the Kaaj education center in Dashte Barchi, a Hazara neighborhood in Kabul, Afghanistan, killing at least 52 people.｜52+｜110

12 December 2022｜喀布爾桂園酒店槍擊案｜Kabul, Afghanistan｜3 IS militants set off explosives and set fire to the Longan Hotel in Kabul due to its ties to the Chinese government. 6 people were killed, including the attackers, and another 18 were injured, including foreign and Afghan civilians and Taliban soldiers.｜3 (+3)｜18

阿富汗｜1 January 2023｜2023 Kabul airport bombing｜阿富汗喀布爾｜An attacker detonated a bomb outside the entrance to the military portion of Kabul International Airport.｜20 (claimed)｜30 (claimed)

阿富汗｜11 January 2023｜Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Afghanistan bombing｜阿富汗喀布爾｜A suicide bomber detonated outside the Taliban foreign ministry office in Kabul, reportedly during the visit of a Chinese delegation.｜20+

巴基斯坦｜30 July 2023｜2023年卡爾鎮爆炸案｜Khar, Bajaur｜An ISIS-K suicide bomber detonated an explosive at a rally in Khar.｜55+｜200+

巴基斯坦｜4 September 2023｜巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K assassinated an alleged Pakistani spy using a pistol｜1｜0

巴基斯坦｜7 September 2023｜巴焦爾特區｜An ISIS-K attacker detonated an explosive on a motorcycle carrying to Taliban killing both.｜2 (claimed)｜0

阿富汗｜25 September 2023｜庫納爾省Suki｜ISIS-K assassinated a Talib using rifles｜1｜0

巴基斯坦｜29 September 2023｜2023年巴基斯坦默斯東爆炸案｜俾路支省｜A suspected ISIS-K suicide bomber detonated an explosive during an Eid Milad-ul-Nabi procession. ISIS-K did not claim responsibility｜60｜50–70

巴基斯坦｜29 September 2023｜開伯爾-普什圖省漢古縣｜One vehicle of explosives detonated at the entrance to a packed mosque, a suicide bomber detonated inside the mosque, other attackers shot at police｜5｜12

阿富汗｜3 October 2023｜Mazar Valley, 庫納爾省｜ISIS-K assassinated a Talib using a rifle｜1｜0

阿富汗｜9 October 2023｜Suki, Kunar｜ISIS-K assassinated an alleged spy of the Afghan government using a pistol｜1｜0

阿富汗｜13 October 2023｜2023 Pul-i-Khumri bombing｜, 巴格蘭省｜An ISIS-K suicide bomber detonated a suicide vest in the Hazarat Shia Imam Zaman Mosque in Pul-e-Khumri, capital of Baghlan Province.｜7+｜15

巴基斯坦｜24 October 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜An attacker assassinated a reported Pakistani intelligence officer in a market using a pistol｜1 (claimed)｜0

阿富汗｜26 October 2023｜阿富汗喀布爾Dasht-e-Barji｜An ISIS-K attacker detonated a suitcase bomb in a Shia gathering in Kabul City｜30 (claimed)

巴基斯坦｜27 October 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K assassinated a leader of the Jamaat-ud-Dawa (affiliate of Lashkar-e-Taiba) with a pistol｜1｜0

巴基斯坦｜29 October 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K assassinated a Talib using a pistol｜1｜0

巴基斯坦｜5 November 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K assassinated a Pakistani spy using a pistol｜1 (claimed)｜0

阿富汗｜7 November 2023｜阿富汗喀布爾｜ISIS-K detonated an explosive planted in a Shia-filled bus in Kabul City｜30 (claimed)

阿富汗｜10 November 2023｜Narnak, 庫納爾省｜ISIS-K assassinated a Talib using an explosive｜1 (claimed)｜0

巴基斯坦｜11 November 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K detonated a suicide vest assassinating an alleged Pakistani intelligence officer｜1 (claimed)｜0

巴基斯坦｜12 November 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K assassinated a 塔利班成員 with a pistol｜1 (claimed)｜0

巴基斯坦｜21 December 2023｜ISIS-K bombed a vehicle killing a vehicle claiming to kill a Pakistani intelligence officer｜1 (claimed)｜0

巴基斯坦｜21 December 2023｜, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K detonated two explosives in Douma Dula claiming to have killed four Pakistani spies｜4 (claimed)｜0

阿富汗｜2 January 2024｜Suki, 庫納爾省｜ISIS-K killed a supposed spy of the Afghan government using a pistol.｜1｜0

伊朗｜3 January 2024｜2024 Kerman bombings｜克爾曼｜Two explosives were detonated during a commemorative ceremony marking the assassination of Qasem Soleimani at his tomb in eastern Kerman, Iran.｜94｜284

阿富汗｜6 January 2024｜Dasht-e-Partish, 喀布爾省｜An explosive placed inside a bus crowded with Shia Muslims detonated west of Kabul killing or injuring up to 20 Shia｜20 (claimed)

巴基斯坦｜7 January 2024｜An explosive was detonated on a Pakistani police vehicle, ISIS claims to have destroyed the vehicle, killed 5, and wounded 25 others｜5 (claimed)｜25 (claimed)

阿富汗｜9 January 2024｜阿富汗喀布爾｜ISIS–K attackers detonated a vehicle-born improvised explosive device on a vehicle carrying employees of the maximum security prison.｜10 (claimed)｜0

巴基斯坦｜12 January 2024｜Ali Zai, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K wounded a supposed Pakistani spy using a bomb.｜0｜1

阿富汗｜19 January 2024｜Suki, 庫納爾省｜ISIS-K beheaded a supposed spy from the Afghan government.｜1｜0

巴基斯坦｜31 January 2024｜Siddiqabad, 巴焦爾特區｜An independent candidate of the 巴基斯坦正義運動 (PTI) political party was assassinated shortly before the 2024年巴基斯坦大選｜1｜3

巴基斯坦｜7 February 2024｜2024 Balochistan bombings｜皮辛縣 and 基拉賽福拉縣, 俾路支省｜Twin bombings occurred at two political offices in Balochistan province a day before the Pakistani general election.｜30｜28+

巴基斯坦｜27 February 2024｜Mamond, 巴焦爾特區｜ISIS-K killed two alleged Pakistani intelligence spies with a pistol｜2｜0

巴基斯坦｜5 March 2024｜, 開伯爾特區｜ISIS-K assassinated a member of the Afghan Taliban with a pistol｜1｜0

阿富汗｜21 March 2024｜Police District 1, 坎大哈｜An ISIS-K suicide bomber detonated outside the Kabul Bank in Kandahar City. ISIS-K claimed the attack and published the attacker's alias, Muawiya Panjshiri｜3｜12

俄羅斯｜2024年3月22號｜2024年俄羅斯莫斯科番紅花城市大廳恐怖襲擊｜俄羅斯莫斯科州克拉斯諾戈爾斯克｜這可能是該組織在西南亞以外發動的首次襲擊，至少有四名槍手使用步槍和燃燒彈襲擊了克拉斯諾戈爾斯克的音樂廳和購物中心，造成62人死亡. ISIS 聲稱對襲擊事件負責，但尚未將襲擊歸咎於 伊斯蘭國呼羅珊省.｜145｜551

- 2021年喀布爾機場襲擊事件（有美軍軍人傷亡）
- 2024年3月的俄羅斯莫斯科番紅花城市大廳恐怖襲擊
- 2026年1月喀布爾中餐館爆炸案

## 媒體

ISIS–K 是極其活躍的宣傳品製作方，僅次於位於伊拉克和敘利亞的伊斯蘭國核心組織。ISIS–K 通過阿爾－阿宰姆媒體基金會（al-Azaim Media Foundation；مؤسسة العزائم）發布並傳播各類材料。由於該組織尚未明確宣稱或否認其隸屬關係，關於阿爾－阿宰姆是否為 ISIS–K 的正式組成部分，專家看法並不一致。值得注意的是，阿爾－阿宰姆基金會時常會在伊斯蘭國最主要的宣稱平台——阿馬克通訊社——之前發布襲擊宣稱。幾乎全部 ISIS–K 的宣傳都由阿爾－阿宰姆發布；該機構在 2021 年 8 月公開現身，當時美軍撤離、塔利班在喀布爾上台。在塔利班接管之前，ISIS–K 的宣傳由多個組織製作與分發，包括負責影片聲明的 Khalid Media 以及負責音訊與文本聲明的 Black Flags；直到 2021 年，它們被整合進阿爾－阿宰姆。阿爾－阿宰姆的內容經常由該地區的同情者與支持者撰寫並投稿，其中約 70% 最初以 普什圖語 發布；同時也有許多支持者將阿爾－阿宰姆及伊斯蘭國其他出版物譯為普什圖語、達里語、烏爾都語、塔吉克語、孟加拉語、印地語、俄語，有時還包括 阿拉伯語、泰米爾語、馬拉雅拉姆語與維吾爾語。阿爾－阿宰姆主要通過 Telegram、X（原 Twitter）、Rocket.Chat 等平台傳播內容。2022 年，在塔利班總情報局（GDI）對 ISIS–K 目標展開突襲期間，GDI 滲透了若干 ISIS–K 渠道，曾一度擾亂其內容分發。

## 媒體

除書籍、專著、影片與書信外，阿爾－阿宰姆基金會最為人所知的是定期發布通訊與雜誌，其中最著名的包括普什圖語的 「Khorasan Ghag」（字面意為「呼羅珊之聲」）雜誌、英文的呼羅珊之聲雜誌，以及烏爾都語的 「Yalghar」（字面意為「進攻」）。儘管這些通訊與雜誌會討論當代事件，但其宣傳的主體內容仍主要是貶損塔利班作為宗教領袖、政治領導者與安全保障者的合法性。

## 外部連結

- Frontline: ISIS in Afghanistan (November 2015), documentary by PBS

## 基本資料

- 日語原文：呼羅珊省
- 原文名：ولاية خراسان
- 原文名：ar
- 戰役、戰爭：阿富汗衝突和巴基斯坦西北部戰爭
- 持續時間：2015年1月26日 – 至今
- 意識形態：瓦哈比主義、薩拉菲主義、聖戰主義
- 領導人：沙哈卜·穆哈吉爾、（呼羅珊省埃米爾）
- 面積：阿富汗、塔吉克斯坦、巴基斯坦、烏茲別克斯坦、伊朗
- 屬於：伊拉克和黎凡特伊斯蘭國
- 競爭者：阿富汗、伊朗、塔吉克斯坦、美國、印度、俄羅斯
- 參戰：阿富汗戰爭 (2001年)