牛皮葉屬

牛皮葉屬（學名：Sticta）為地卷菌科的一個地衣屬。該屬分佈廣泛，特別是在熱帶地區，包括約 114 種。這些地衣具有多葉的外觀，顏色為棕色或黑色。以藍菌作為光生物素的牛皮葉屬物種可以固定大氣中的氮，並且由於其相對豐富和高周轉率，它們對雨林生態系統做出了顯著的貢獻。

## 物種

本屬包括以下物種：

Sticta acyphellata｜Moncada & Lücking (2020) – 夏威夷

Sticta afromontana｜Kaasalainen & Rikkinen 2023

Sticta alpinotropica｜Aptroot (2008)

Sticta amboroensis｜Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking 2022

Sticta antoniana｜Moncada & Lücking (2020) – 夏威夷

Sticta aongstroemii｜Dal Forno, Moncada & Lücking (2018)

Sticta arachnofuliginosa｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta arbuscula｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta arbusculotomentosa｜Moncada & Betanc. (2015)

Sticta arenosella｜Di Meglio & Goward 2023

大西洋牛皮葉｜Sticta atlantica｜Magain & Sérus. (2015) – 歐洲

Sticta atroandensis｜Moncada & Lücking (2013)

Sticta baileyi｜D.J.Galloway (1998) – 澳大利亞

Sticta bicellulata｜Ossowska, Kukwa, B. Moncada & Lücking 2022

Sticta borinquensis｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta brevior｜Moncada & Lücking (2013)

Sticta brevipes｜(Müll.Arg.) Zahlbr. (1925)

Sticta caliginosa｜D.J.Galloway (1983)

Sticta camarae｜Müll.Arg. (1882)

Sticta canariensis｜(Bory) Bory ex Delise (1822)

Sticta caperata｜(Nyl.) Nyl. (1863)

Sticta carolinensis｜T.McDonald (2003)

Sticta ciliata｜Taylor (1836) – Neotropics; Africa; Macaronesia; 西歐

Sticta corymbosa｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

杯點牛皮葉｜Sticta cyphellulata｜(Müll.Arg.) Hue (1901)

Sticta dendroides｜(Nyl.) Moncada, Lücking & de Lange (2018)

Sticta densiphyllidiata｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta deyana｜Lendemer & Goffinet (2015)

Sticta diversa｜(Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1925)

雙緣牛皮葉｜Sticta duplolimbata｜(Hue) Vain. (1913)

Sticta emmanueliana｜Moncada, Lücking & Lumbsch (2020) – 夏威夷

蕨狀牛皮葉｜Sticta filix｜(Sw.) Nyl. (1867)

扇形牛皮葉｜Sticta flabelliformis

Sticta flavireagens｜(Gyeln.) Diederich & Ertz (2020)

Sticta flavocyphellata｜D.J.Galloway (1998) – 澳大利亞

Sticta flynnii｜Moncada & Lücking (2020) – 夏威夷

台灣牛皮葉｜Sticta formosana

Sticta fragilinata｜T.McDonald (2003)

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Sticta fuliginoides｜Magain & Sérus. (2015) – Continental Europe; Canary Islands; eastern North America; Colombia

黑牛皮葉｜Sticta fuliginosa｜(Dicks.) Ach. (1803) – widespread

Sticta fuscotomentosa｜Moncada, Coca & Lücking (2015)

Sticta gallowayana｜Moncada & Lucking (2015)

Sticta globulifuliginosa｜Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)

柄扇牛皮葉｜Sticta gracilis

Sticta guilartensis｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta harrisii｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta hawaiiensis｜Moncada & Lücking (2020) – 夏威夷

亨利牛皮葉｜Sticta henryana

Sticta hirsutifuliginosa｜Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)

Sticta howei｜D.J.Galloway (1998) – 澳大利亞

Sticta humboldtii｜Hook. (1822)

Sticta hypopsiloides｜Nyl. (1861)

Sticta indica｜D.D.Awasthi & Upreti (2010)

Sticta isidiokunthii｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta jaguirreana｜Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)

Sticta laciniosa｜D.J.Galloway (1994)

Sticta latifrons｜A.Rich. (1832)

Sticta leucoblephara｜(Müll.Arg.) D.J.Galloway (2004)

粉緣牛皮葉｜Sticta limbata｜(Sm.) Ach. (1803)

Sticta lobarioides｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

Sticta lumbschiana｜Moncada & Lücking (2013)

Sticta macrocyphellata｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

Sticta macrofuliginosa｜Moncada & Lücking (2015)

Sticta macrothallina｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

Sticta maculofuliginosa｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta marginifera｜Mont. (1842)

Sticta martinii｜D.J.Galloway (1983)

墨西哥牛皮葉｜Sticta mexicana｜D.J.Galloway (2004)

Sticta microcyphellata｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta minutula｜Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)

假黃牛皮葉｜Sticta mougeotiana

Sticta myrioloba｜(Müll.Arg.) D.J.Galloway (1998) – 澳大利亞

Sticta nashii｜D.J.Galloway (2004)

南洋牛皮葉｜Sticta neocaledonica

Sticta neopulmonarioides｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

平滑牛皮葉｜Sticta nylanderiana

Sticta papillata｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta parahumboldtii｜Moncada & Lücking (2013)

Sticta parvilobata｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta pedunculata｜Kremp. (1874)

Sticta phyllidiifuliginosa｜Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)

Sticta phyllidiokunthii｜Moncada & Lücking (2013)

寬葉牛皮葉｜Sticta platyphylloides

Sticta plumbeociliata｜Moncada, A.Suárez & Lücking (2015)

Sticta pseudohumboldtii｜Moncada & Lücking (2013)

Sticta pseudolobaria｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

Sticta pulmonarioides｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

墊狀牛皮葉｜Sticta pulvinata

Sticta riparia｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta rhizinata｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta rubropruinosa｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta rutilans｜(Stirt.) Zahlbr. (1925)

Sticta sayeri｜Müll.Arg. (1888)

Sticta silverstonei｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

深波牛皮葉｜Sticta sinuosa｜Pers. (1827)

Sticta smithii｜Moncada & Lücking (2020) – 夏威夷

Sticta stipitata｜C.Knight (1891)

Sticta subfilicinella｜Moncada, Coca & Lücking (2015)

Sticta sublimbata｜(J.Steiner) Swinscow & Krog (1983)

鑲邊牛皮葉｜Sticta submarginifera

Sticta subtomentella｜(C.Knight ex Shirley) Zahlbr. (1925)

Sticta swartzii｜D.J.Galloway (1994)

Sticta sylvatica｜(Huds.) Ach. (1803) – continental Europe; Andes (Colombia)

Sticta tainorum｜Merc.-Díaz & Lücking (2020) – 波多黎各

Sticta tatamana｜Moncada & Coca (2013)

Sticta tesselata｜Øvstedal (2010)

Sticta torii｜Ant. Simon & Goward (2018)

Sticta tunjensis｜Moncada & Lücking (2012)

Sticta variabilis｜Ach. (1810)

Sticta venosa｜Lücking, Moncada & Robayo (2011)

Sticta viviana｜Alej. Suárez & Lücking (2013)

Sticta waikamoi｜Moncada & Lücking (2020) – 夏威夷

緣裂牛皮葉｜Sticta weigelii

Sticta xanthotropa｜(Kremp.) D.J.Galloway (2004)

## 基本資料

- 學名：Sticta
- 命名者：(Schreb.) Ach., 1803
- 說明：Sticta carolinensis
- 模式種：Sticta sylvatica
- type_species_authority：(Huds.) Ach., 1803
- subdivision_ranks：種
- 栽培群成員：見正文
- 異名：Diclasmia Trevisan, 1869、Dysticta Clements, 1909、Dystictina Clements, 1909、Stictina Nyl.