埃拉澤

zh-cn:埃拉澤;zh-hk:埃拉澤;zh-tw:愛拉齊;

埃拉澤（Elâzığ）是土耳其東部的一座城市，為埃拉澤省的省會。埃拉澤市總人口323,420 (2009年)。整個城市位於一片高原之上，海拔1067公尺。

今日的埃拉澤的建立，是作為原來的歷史名城哈爾普特的延伸，因為哈爾普特位於山上，在冬季時交通非常不便。

## 名稱

在古代，在今日埃拉澤附近有一座古代亞美尼亞人所建立的城堡，是為哈爾普特城堡（Խարբերդ），意思就是「石建的城堡」。這座城堡是亞美尼亞的首批君主所建立，距離埃拉澤的市中心約五公里，鄰近阿勒山。

1866年，埃拉澤建市。1937年，該城市改用今名。

## 歷史

在幾個世紀以前，埃拉澤周邊地區便有居民定居。

## 人口

年份｜人口

1914｜10,000 - 12,000

1927｜20,052

1940｜25,465

1945｜23,695

1950｜29,317

1955｜41,667

1960｜60,289

1965｜78,605

1970｜107,364

1975｜131,415

2008｜389,774

## 地理及氣候

埃拉澤位於一個48公里長的小谷地之中，當地的土耳其人稱之為Uluova，意思就是「大山谷」；而亞美尼亞人則稱之為Vosgetashd，意思就是「金色的平原」。

## 著名人物

- Rupen Zartarian - (d. 1915) 亞美尼亞裔作家，是Tlgadintsi的學生。
- Mehmet Ağar — Former leader of the DYP
- Vedat Dalokay — Turkish architect and a former mayor of Ankara
- Reha Denemeç — Co-founder of the Justice and Development Party (AKP)
- Kenan Çoban — Turkish actor, known as abdulhey in "Valley of the Wolves"
- J. Michael Hagopian - Armenian-American documentary filmmaker
- Hamastegh - (d. 1966) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi
- Dursun Karataş— Founder and leader of the Revolutionary People's Liberation Party–Front (DHKP-C)
- Stephen P. Mugar - (d. 1982) Armenian-American businessman and entrepreneur
- Shahan Natalie — (d. 1983), Armenian writer and principal organizer of Operation Nemesis
- Catholicos Nerses IV — (d. 1173), Armenian church leader, theologian and writer
- Erkan Oğur — Turkish Musician
- Necati Şaşmaz — Star of the "Valley of the Wolves" TV series and the 2006 movie "Valley of the Wolves Iraq"
- Raci Şaşmaz — Scriptwriter and producer of the "Valley of the Wolves" and other movies and TV series
- Mümtaz Sevinç — Turkish actor
- Tlgadintsi (Hovhannes Haroutiunian) - (d. 1915) Armenian writer
- Vahan Totovents - (d. 1938) Armenian writer, student of Tlgadintzi
- Namık Kemal Yolga — Turkish Diplomat and statesman
- Aşur Yusuf - (d.1915) Syriac Orthodox journalist and teacher at the Euphrates College

## 旅遊景點

埃拉澤市的名勝如下：

- 哈爾普特城堡（Խարբերդ；Harput Kalesi）及歷史城區（Şehri）
- 凱班水庫（Keban Baraj Gölü）：包括凱班水壩（Keban Baraj）及水力發電廠。
- 哈札爾湖（Hazar Gölü）
- 哈札爾巴巴滑雪中心（Hazarbaba Kayak Merkezi）
- 埃爾祖魯姆帕拉多肯滑雪中心
- 法拉特大學/幼法拉底大學（Fırat Üniversitesi；University of Euphrates）
- Buzluk Mağarası (Buzluk Cave)
- Çaydaçıra Halkoyunu
- Ağın Kaplıcası
- Museum of Archaeology and Ethnography
- 清真寺及陵墓
- Ulu Camii: Built by Artuklu Sultan Fahrettin Karaaslan in 1156. It is one of the oldest and important structures in Anatolia
- Sarahatun Camii (also known as Sarayhatun Cami): Built by Sara Hatun, mother of Ak Koyunlu Sultan Bahadır Han (also known as Uzun Hasan), in 1465 as a small mosque. It was renovated in 1585 and 1843.
- Kurşunlu Camii: Built between 1738 and 1739 in Harput during the Ottoman era.
- Alacalı Camii
- Ağa Camii：1559年興建。
- 阿拉普巴巴清真寺及陵墓（Arap Baba Mescidi ve Türbesi）：Built during the reign of Seljuks Sultan Gıyaseddin Keyhüsrev III (Son of Kılıçarslan IV) in 1279. The shrine contains a mummified body which is known as Arap Baba among commons.
- Fetih Ahmet Baba Türbesi (Shrine of Fetih Ahmed)
- Mansur Baba Türbesi

## 圖庫

<image>

- 哈札爾巴巴滑雪中心

<image>

- 卡拉考昌市鎮一景

<image>

- 埃拉澤市鎮一景

## 外部連結

- Municipality's official website
- Governor's official website
- Fırat University's official website
- Elâzığ Current Presentation Site
- Elâzığ Current Site
- Pictures of the city and many of nearby Harput

## 基本資料

- 原文名：Elâzığ
- 國家：土耳其
- 時區：EET
- 時區：+2
- 位置：埃拉澤在土耳其的位置
- 夏時制：EEST
- 夏時制：+3
- 說明：Elazığ, looking N-NE
- 地方：東安那托利亞
- 省份：埃拉澤省
- 人口：541258
- 坐標：38
- 坐標：41
- 坐標：N
- 坐標：39
- 坐標：13
- 坐標：E
- 海拔：1067
- 郵政編碼：23000
- 電話區號：0424
- 別名：23
- blank_name：車牌
- 市長：Süleyman Selmanoğlu (正義與發展黨)
- 網站： http://www.elazig.bel.tr/