拜占庭歷是一套拜占庭（東羅馬）帝國與東正教會歷史上使用過的歷法，歷史上被稱作 自創世以來的羅馬年Pavel Kuzenkov How Old is The World The Byzantine Era and its Rivals Institute for World History Moscow Russia In Elizabeth Jeffreys Fiona K Haarer Judith Gilliland Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies London 2126 August 2006 Vol 3 Abstracts of Communications Ashgate Publishing Ltd 2006 pp 2324 或 創世年（古希臘語：Ἔτος Κτίσεως Κόσμου） 或 世界年（古希臘語：Ἔτος Κόσμου）。東正教的普世牧首轄區於約公元 691 年至 1728 年 Οικουμενικόν Πατριαρχείον ΘΗΕ τόμ 09 εκδ Μαρτίνος Αθ Αθήνα 1966 στ 778 Ecumenical Patriarchate Religious and Ethical Encyclopedia Vol 9 Athens 1966 p 778，拜占庭帝國官方於 988 年 1453 年，羅斯諸國於約 988 年 約 1700 年使用這套曆法，其他受拜占庭影響較大的國家，如塞爾維亞、保加利亞歷史上也曾使用這種曆法。 這套曆法與儒略曆基本相同，主要區別有兩點，一是以每年 9 月 1 日為新年第一天，紀年法則採用世界紀元，即以上帝創世的第一天為紀年之始。拜占庭宗教界以《舊約聖經》七十士譯本中的記載為基礎推算的上帝創世之年相當於公元前 5509 年，拜占庭歷的第一年為前 5509 年 9 月 1 日 前 5508 年 8 月 31 日。 來源 外部連結 Byzantine ways of reckoning time Calendar Era Late Antiquity and Middle Ages Christian era at SMSO Encyclopedia Saudi Medical Site Online Howlett J Biblical Chronology In The Catholic Encyclopedia New Advent New York Robert Appleton Company 1908 Chronology of the Biblical Patriarchs Church Calendar at Orthodoxwiki Hebrew calendar The Era of the Creation at Jewish Encyclopedia The Jewish Calendar by Karl Hagen medievalist 更多閱讀 一手來源 Decline and Fall of Byzantium To The Ottoman Turks An Annotated Translation by Harry J Magoulias Wayne State University Press 1975 The Chronography of George Synkellos a Byzantine Chronicle of Universal History from the Creation Transl Prof Dr William Adler Paul Tuffin Oxford Oxford University Press 2002 阿伯拉罕伊本埃茲拉，Abraham ben Meïr 10921167 Ibn Ezras Commentary on the Pentateuch Genesis Bereshit Vol1 Genesis Transl and annotated by H Norman Strickman Arthur M Silver Menorah Pub Co New York NY 1988 塞克斯圖斯尤利烏斯阿非利加努斯 Extant Writings III The Extant Fragments of the Five Books of the Chronography of Julius Africanus 尼基塔斯霍尼亞提斯 O City of Byzantium Annals of Niketas Choniates Transl by Harry J 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Haldon Robin Cormack The Oxford Handbook of Byzantine Studies Oxford University Press 2008 pp 3137 Dr Iaakov Karcz Implications of some early Jewish sources for estimates of earthquake hazard in the Holy Land Annals of Geophysics Vol 47 N 23 AprilJune 2004 Fr Patrick Henry Reardon Creation and the Patriarchal Histories Orthodox Christian Reflections on the Book of Genesis Conciliar Press 2008 Fr GENESIS CREATION and EARLY MAN The Orthodox Christian Vision St Herman of Alaska Brotherhood Platina California 2000 Frederick Deland Leete Christian Brotherhoods Kessinger Publishing 2003 Paul JamesGriffiths Creation days and Orthodox Jewish Tradition AnswersinGenesisorg March 2004 Paul Stephenson Translations from Byzantine Sources The Imperial Centuries c7001204 John SkylitzesSynopsis Historion The Year 6508 in the 13th Indiction the Byzantine dating system November 2006 Pavel Kuzenkov How old is the World The Byzantine era κατα Ρωμαίους and its rivals 21st International Congress of 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Byzantine Documents 1985 University of Amsterdam Foss Clive Three Apparent Early Examples of the Era of Creation Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik Bd 31 1978 pp 241246 Roger S Bagnall K A Worp The Chronological Systems of Byzantine Egypt Zutphen 1978 V Grumel La Chronologie Presses Universitaires France Paris 1958 Rev Philip Schaff 18191893 Ed Era SchaffHerzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge New Edition 13 Vols 190814 Vol 4 pp 163 Van der Essen L Chronicon Paschale In The Catholic Encyclopedia New Advent New York Robert Appleton Company 1908 Yiannis E Meimaris Chronological Systems in RomanByzantine Palestine and Arabia Athens 1992 19 世紀以及更早 John McClintock James Strong Cyclopedia of Biblical theological and ecclesiastical literature Supplement V2 Harper 1887 Prof Fr Arsenius John Baptist Vuibert An Ancient History From the Creation to the Fall of the Western Empire in AD 476 Baltimore Foley 1886 Ben Meir and the Origin of the Jewish Calendar in The Jewish Quarterly Review Vol 10 No 1 Oct 1897 pp 152161 Sir 托馬斯布朗 Pseudodoxia Epidemica Book VI Ch 1 Of sundry common opinions Cosmographical and Historical 1646 6th ed 1672 pp 321330 The Popular Encyclopedia being a general dictionary of arts sciences literature biography history and political economy Vol 3 Part 1 Glasgow Blackie and Son 1841 Thomas Spencer Baynes Chronology Era of the Creation of the World The Encyclopædia Britannica a dictionary of arts sciences and general literature 9th Ed Vol 5 A C Black 1833 pp 709754 Category 紀元 Category 儒略曆 Category 陽曆 Category 日曆 Category 七十士譯本 Category 東正教歷史