約翰尼斯艾伯特蒙尼克赫爾佐格（ ，），是南非政治家、內閣部長和改組國民黨的創始人與黨魁，也是前任南非總理巴里赫爾佐格之子。 1954 年至 1958 年，艾伯特赫爾佐格任衛生部長，1958 年至 1968 年任郵政和電信部長。任電信部長期間，赫爾佐格因拒絕將電視引入南非而聞名。 1969 年，在他因其反動和排他的布林民族主義觀點而被驅逐出國民黨後，赫爾佐格另立改組國民黨。改組國民黨反對亨德里克弗倫施維沃爾德的繼任者巴爾薩澤約翰內斯沃斯特的領導下的國民黨偏離其創始準則之舉。 生平 艾伯特赫爾佐格為著名布林將軍、後來的南非總理巴里赫爾佐格和他的妻子米妮（生於尼特林）之子，1899 年 7 月 4 日艾伯特出生在他父母位於布隆方丹戈達德街 19 號的家中。他於 1899 年 8 月 31 日在 Moederkerk 接受洗禮。艾伯特有兩個弟弟，Charles Dirk Neethling（生於 1904 年）和 James Barry Munnik（生於 1905 年）。 第二次布林戰爭爆發時，赫爾佐格只有三個月大。最初，他和母親住在布隆方丹的家；但四個月後，搬到了 Jagersfontein 小村的姨姨家。 After the town was taken by British troops and their house blown up by dynamite the family was hoarded onto cattle trucks and taken to the concentration camp at Port Elizabeth The Hertzog inmates in the camp included baby Albert his mother Mynie his paternal grandmother and a number of Alberts aunts and cousins They lived in a thin shack of eight square meters Alberts sevenyearold cousin Charles died of measles only twelve days after arrival Albert himself nearly succumbed to the disease and was sent to relatives in Stellenbosch for care and treatment He stayed in Stellenbosch in the house of his paternal grandfather Charl Neethling until the end of the war Mynie Neethling was visited by Lord Kitchener personally in the Port Elizabeth camp where he offered her dismissal should she try and persuade her husband to lay down his arms She refused and was subsequently sent via ship to the Merebank camp at Durban Merebank was notorious as one of the camps with the highest fatality rates After her internment Mynie Hertzog was prone to illness for the rest of her life As toddler Albert attended an English Catholic preprimary school where he heard and learnt his first English That move seemed baffling to some because the Calvinist and Boer patriot General Hertzog was a staunch proponent of Afrikaans language rights especially in education In 1910 after the birth of the Union of South Africa General Hertzog was appointed in a dual portfolio as Minister of Justice and Minister of Native Affairs The family therefore moved to Pretoria and occupied a house west of the Union Buildings His father sent Albert to the Arcadia Skool but Albert was disappointed that it had a headmistress and though in the city was no different to a farm school Although only eleven years old he left on the afternoon of his first day and enrolled at Pretoria Boys High School After the schism between General Hertzog and Prime Minister Louis Botha which led to Hertzogs dismissal from the cabinet the family moved back to Bloemfontein where Albert attended Grey College He matriculated in 1916 having studied Dutch English Latin Mathematics and Physical Science 政治生涯 早年 1929 年赫爾佐格回到南非後，定居比勒陀利亞，任大律師。同時，也是比勒陀利亞大學兼職講師。 任議員（1948 年 1958 年） 1948 年的選舉國民黨勝選後，由丹尼爾馬蘭博士領導的國民黨上臺執政，赫爾佐格當選為東德蘭士瓦省埃爾梅洛議員。他在丹尼爾馬蘭和約翰內斯格哈杜斯斯揣敦總理的任期內擔任眾議院議員。 內閣部長（1958 年 1968 年） 1958 年亨德里克維沃爾德博士當選總理後，赫爾佐格被任命為內閣部長，負責郵政和電信以及衛生的工作；1958 年 10 月 23 日，就職。 國民黨內部鬥爭 The terms verlig enlightened and verkramp cramped entered the Afrikaans and later English vernacular during the late 1960s They were first used in a speech by prof Willem de Klerk son of Jan de Klerk and brother of future State President of South Africa FW de Klerk on 6 October 1966 exactly a month after the assassination of Dr Hendrik Verwoerd In his speech De Klerk distinguished between verligte verkrampte and positiewe positive Afrikaners That threefold division would soon be simplified in the colloquial language to a simpler dichotomy between simply verlig and verkramp What De Klerk called positive Afrikaners would then refer to what generally became known as verligte Afrikaners He described positive Afrikaners verligtes thus as purpose conscious Afrikaners And purpose means to recognize the enduring and the changing The closedness and the openness The tradition and the progression The purpose conscious Afrikaner recognizes and appreciates the tradition and yet he is the man of today and with a vision on tomorrow until eternity The Afrikaner heritage is the AfrikanerChristendom with the Calvinistic bedrock which recognizes the authority of the Bible as revelation and guide But also he is open to further study of Scripture and he seeks the new roads to expand his religious heritage At the same time the Afrikaner culture is young and virile and is still busy to form itself on many levels without having to cut ties with the past The Book teaches clearly that exaggerated nationalism idolatry of the People as well as cosmopolitism contrast with the stipulations of God Just as ungodly is the nationalized religion which is the same as idolatry of the People De Klerk labeled the verkrampte Afrikaner as follows His fundamental axiom is adherence to the extant to the old ideas and customs and content is the test for being Afrikaner He wants to lead us to rigidity wants to exclude us from a new world is a negativist Also he is ruled by the need to criticize He is creative in his ability to sow distrust hardened in the handling of onesided slogans to generate witch hunts everywhere accomplished in the technique of quibbling He is without consideration and mercy unwilling to converse fanatic and extremist to enforce his opinion on a matter He wants to forcefully push our youth into onesidedness haughty stubborn selfpreservation The verligverkrampstrife came to the fore after the assassination of Hendrik Verwoerd Differences that had existed for a number of years began to manifest publicly especially in the early days of new premier John Vorsters term 改組國民黨黨魁（1969 年 1977 年） 艾伯特赫爾佐格博士領導的改組國民黨於眾議院的選舉結果 選舉年 佔總票數的 總得票率 贏得的議席 排名 1970 年 53 763 357 0 34 1974 年 39 568 36 0 45 退休 赫爾佐格決定在 1977 年退休，並在同年 5 月 27 日發表了他的告別演講。1977 年 5 月 28 日，他正式退休，並由 Jaap Marais 接任改組國民黨黨魁。退休後，赫爾佐格可以將更多精力投入到他的商業經營與他的園藝等愛好中。 In a press interview in 1979 he opined as follows In my view our political landscape is developing in the direction of a large new conservative party which will consist of different people who are still currently trying to tread their own path It can be a party consisting of the Treurnicht people in the NP the Connie Mulder people the HNP and definitely also conservative English speakers This proved to be prophetic as in 1982 a massive split occurred within the ruling National Party and the Conservative Party came into being with Andries Treurnicht as leader 死亡、葬禮和遺產 Hertzog died on 5 November 1982 during an emergency operation for a burst aorta His funeral was held on 11 November 1982 in the NG Kerk in Waterkloof and the service led by prof Adriaan Pont He was then laid to rest in the family cemetery on the farm Waterval in the district of Witbank next to his wife Katie and close to his parents 私生活 出版著作 參考資料 Category 阿非利卡人 Category 斯泰倫博斯大學校友 Category 牛津大學新學院校友 Category 萊頓大學校友 Category 南非國民黨黨員 Category 荷蘭裔南非人 Category 德國裔南非人