食果啄木鳥屬，是啄木鳥科的一個屬。該屬包括 24 個種，其中大多數具有顯眼的黑白條紋，夾雜紅色與黃色。 分類 1832 年，威廉斯溫森首次引入食果啄木鳥屬以歸納紅頭啄木鳥（學名：Melanerpes erythrocephalus）。 斯文森的論文扉頁寫明的日期是 1831 年，但該書在次年才正式出版食果啄木鳥屬屬於食果啄木鳥族，後者還包括吸汁啄木鳥屬的北美吸汁啄木鳥和古巴綠啄木鳥屬。 特徵 食果啄木鳥屬中的鳥類體格介於小和中等之間，僅分佈於新大陸。其中部分物種是西印度群島的特有種。one subspecies the Grand Bahama West Indian woodpecker M superciliaris bahamensis became extinct in the 1950s The majority of the species are from Central and South America Most species are boldly marked in black and white with some areas of red and yellow The beaks are long and pointed and sometimes curved The sexes differ in many species both in colour and in size Some species such as the acorn woodpecker and the yellowtufted woodpecker are sociable foraging in groups communicating vocally and nesting communally These have complex breeding systems including some nonbreeding adult helpers assisting in rearing the young Like other woodpeckers insects form a large part of the diet being caught on the wing in some species but fruit is also eaten in large quantities and some species consume 樹液 They all nest in holes that they excavate in trees and the redcrowned woodpecker and the Hoffmanns woodpecker are unusual in that they sometimes enter their holes backwards 物種 該屬其中包括了 25 個種類 照片 中文譯名 學名 主要分佈 白啄木 Melanerpes candidus Suriname French Guiana Brazil Bolivia Paraguay Uruguay and Argentina 劉易氏啄木 Melanerpes lewis western and central United States 瓜德魯普啄木 Melanerpes herminieri Guadeloupe archipelago 120px Puerto Rican woodpecker Melanerpes portoricensis Puerto Rico 紅頭啄木鳥 Melanerpes erythrocephalus southern Canada and the eastcentral United States Acorn woodpecker Melanerpes formicivorus Oregon California and the southwestern United States south through Central America to Colombia Yellowtufted woodpecker Melanerpes cruentatus Bolivia Brazil Colombia Ecuador French Guiana Guyana Peru Suriname and Venezuela Yellowfronted woodpecker Melanerpes flavifrons Brazil Paraguay and far northeastern Argentina 120px Goldennaped woodpecker Melanerpes chrysauchen Costa Rica and western Panama Beautiful woodpecker Melanerpes pulcher Colombia Blackcheeked woodpecker Melanerpes pucherani southeastern Mexico south to western Ecuador 白額啄木鳥 Melanerpes cactorum Bolivia Paraguay and Argentina 120px Hispaniolan woodpecker Melanerpes striatus Hispaniola Haiti and the Dominican Republic Jamaican woodpecker Melanerpes radiolatus Jamaica Goldencheeked woodpecker Melanerpes chrysogenys Mexico Greybreasted woodpecker Melanerpes hypopolius southwestern Mexico Yucatan woodpecker Melanerpes pygmaeus Belize and Mexico Redcrowned woodpecker Melanerpes rubricapillus Costa Rica Panama Colombia Venezuela the Guianas and Tobago Gila woodpecker Melanerpes uropygialis southwestern United States and western Mexico Hoffmanns woodpecker Melanerpes hoffmannii southern Honduras south to Costa Rica 金額啄木鳥 Melanerpes aurifrons Texas and Oklahoma in the United States through Mexico Belize Guatemala El Salvador Honduras and northern Nicaragua Velasquezs woodpecker Melanerpes santacruzi southern Mexico and parts of Central America 120px 紅腹啄木鳥 Melanerpes carolinus eastern United States 大紅腹啄木鳥 Melanerpes superciliaris Bahamas the Cayman Islands and Cuba Melanerpes shawi extinct Late Pleistocene 註釋 參考文獻 外部連結 動物多樣性網 S