戴克裡先迫害或稱作大迫害，是羅馬帝國最後一次和最嚴重的一次對基督徒的鎮壓。303 年羅馬帝國正處於四帝共治制，帝國東部主皇帝（奧古斯都）戴克裡先、帝國西部主皇帝馬克西米安、東部副皇帝（凱撒）伽列裡烏斯和西部副皇帝君士坦提烏斯一世頒布了一系列法令，廢除基督教的合法權益並要求他們遵守傳統的古羅馬宗教習俗。後來法令開始針對神職人員展開迫害，下令將這些民眾奉獻給羅馬眾神。 西部副皇帝及後來在 305 年成為西部主皇帝的君士坦提烏斯一世管治區的鎮壓比起其他 3 位皇帝較輕微 Potter David Stone The Roman Empire at Bay AD 180395 Routledge 2004 pg 338，東部正副皇帝仍然繼續執行所有的禁令直到在 313 年西部皇帝君士坦丁大帝和東部皇帝李錫尼頒布《米蘭敕令》後，標誌著過去的迫害正式結束。 參考文獻 引用 來源 古代文獻 Arnobius Adversus Nationes Against the Heathen ca 295300 Bryce Hamilton and Hugh Campbell trans Against the Heathen From AnteNicene Fathers Vol 6 Edited by Alexander Roberts James Donaldson and A Cleveland Coxe Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1886 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 9 2009 Dessau Hermann Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae Berlin Weidmann 18921916 Eusebius of Caesarea Historia Ecclesiastica Church History first seven books ca 300 eighth and ninth book ca 313 tenth book ca 315 epilogue ca 325 Books Eight and Nine Williamson GA trans The History of the Church from Christ to Constantine London Penguin 1989 ISBN 0140445358 Eusebius of Caesarea De Martyribus Palestinae On the Martyrs of Palestine McGiffert Arthur Cushman trans Martyrs of Palestine From Nicene and PostNicene Fathers Second Series Vol 1 Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1890 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 9 2009 Cureton William trans History of the Martyrs in Palestine by Eusebius of Caesarea Discovered in a Very Antient Syriac Manuscript London Williams Norgate 1861 Accessed September 28 2009 Eusebius of Caesarea Vita Constantini The Life of the Blessed Emperor Constantine ca 33639 Richardson Ernest Cushing trans Life of Constantine From Nicene and PostNicene Fathers Second Series Vol 1 Edited by Philip Schaff and Henry Wace Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1890 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 9 2009 Lactantius Divinae Institutiones The Divine Institutes ca 303311 Fletcher William trans The Divine Institutes From AnteNicene Fathers Vol 7 Edited by Alexander Roberts James Donaldson and A Cleveland Coxe Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1886 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 9 2009 Lactantius De Ira Dei On the Wrath of God ca 313 Fletcher William trans On the Anger of God From AnteNicene Fathers Vol 7 Edited by Alexander Roberts James Donaldson and A Cleveland Coxe Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1886 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 9 2009 Lactantius Liber De Mortibus Persecutorum Book on the Deaths of the Persecutors ca 31315 Fletcher William trans Of the Manner in Which the Persecutors Died From AnteNicene Fathers Vol 7 Edited by Alexander Roberts James Donaldson and A Cleveland Coxe Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1886 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 9 2009 Musurillo Herbert trans The Acts of the Christian Martyrs Oxford Clarendon Press 1972 Optatus Contra Parmenianum Donatistam Against the Donatists ca 366367 VassallPhillips OR trans The Work of St Optatus Against the Donatists London Longmans Green Co 1917 Quick links to the separate books and parts of Against the Donatists Transcribed at tertullianorg by Roger Pearse 2006 Accessed June 9 2009 Porphyry Fragments Brauunsberg David and Roger Pearse eds Porphyry Against the Christians Fragments in Selected Fathers of the Church 2006 Accessed June 9 2009 Tertullian Apologeticus Apology 197 Thelwall S trans Apology From AnteNicene Fathers Vol 3 Edited by Alexander Roberts James Donaldson and A Cleveland Coxe Buffalo NY Christian Literature Publishing Co 1885 Revised and edited for New Advent by Kevin Knight Accessed June 16 2009 Tilley Maureen A trans Donatist Martyr Stories The Church in Conflict in Roman North Africa Liverpool Liverpool University Press 1996 現代文獻 Barnes Timothy D Legislation Against the Christians Journal of Roman Studies 5812 1968 3250 Barnes Timothy D Sossianus Hierocles and the Antecedents of theGreat Persecution Journal of Roman Studies 80 1976 239252 Barnes Timothy D Constantine and Eusebius Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1981 ISBN 9780674165311 Barnes Timothy D The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1982 ISBN 0783722214 Barnes Timothy D Scholarship or Propaganda Poprphyry Against the Christians and its Historical Setting Bulletin of the Institute of Classical Studies 39 1994 5365 Barnes Timothy D Review Constantine and the Bishops The Politics of Intolerance Phoenix 5434 2000 381383 Barnes Timothy D Monotheists All Phoenix 5512 2001 142162 Baynes Norman H Two Notes on the Great Persecution The Classical Quarterly 1834 1924 189194 Beatrice Pier Franco Antistes Philosophiae Ein Christenfeindlicher Propagandist am Hofe Diokletians nach dem Zeugnis des Laktanz Aug 33 1993 147 In German Castelli Elizabeth A Martyrdom and Memory Early Christian Culture Making New York Columbia University Press 2004 Chadwick Henry The Church in Ancient Society From Galilee to Gregory the Great New York Oxford University Press 2001 Clarke Graeme ThirdCentury Christianity In The Cambridge Ancient History Volume XII The Crisis of Empire edited by Alan Bowman Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey 589671 New York Cambridge University Press 2005 ISBN 0521301998 Corcoran Simon The Empire of the Tetrarchs Imperial Pronouncements and Government AD 284324 Oxford Clarendon Press 1996 ISBN 0198149840 Corcoran Simon Before Constantine In The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Constantine edited by Noel Lenski 3558 New York Cambridge University Press 2006 Hardcover ISBN 0521818389 Paperback ISBN 0521521572 Curran John Pagan City and Christian Capital Rome in the Fourth Century Oxford Clarendon Press 2000 ISBN 0198152787 Davies PS The Origin and Purpose of the Persecution of AD 303 Journal of Theological Studies 401 1989 6694 Digeser Elizabeth DePalma The Making of a Christian Empire Lactantius and Rome Ithaca Cornell University Press 2000 ISBN 0801435943 Dodds ER Pagan and Christian in an Age of Anxiety Some Aspects of Religious Experience from Marcus Aurelius to Constantine New York Norton 1970 Drake HA Constantine and the Bishops The Politics of Intolerance Baltimore Johns Hopkins University Press 2000 ISBN 0801862183 Edwards Mark Christianity AD 70192 In The Cambridge Ancient History Volume XII The Crisis of Empire edited by Alan Bowman Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey 573588 New York Cambridge University Press 2005 ISBN 0521301998 Elliott T G The Christianity of Constantine the Great Scranton PA University of Scranton Press 1996 ISBN 0940866595 Fox see Lane Fox Robin Frend William HC Martyrdom and persecution in the early church a study of a conflict from the Maccabees to Donatus New York University Press 1967 Reissued in 2008 by James Clarke Company UK ISBN 0227172299 Frend WHC Prelude to the Great Persecution The Propaganda War Journal of Ecclesiastical History 381 1987 118 Frend WHC Persecutions Genesis and Legacy In The Cambridge History of Christianity Volume I Origins to Constantine edited by Margaret M Mitchell and Frances M Young 503523 New York Cambridge University Press 2006 ISBN 9780521812399 Gaddis Michael There Is No Crime for Those Who Have Christ Religious Violence in the Christian Roman Empire Berkeley Los Angeles and London University of California Press 2005 ISBN 0520241045 Gibbon Edward History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire Vol 1 edited by David Womersley London Penguin Classics 1995 ISBN 9780140433937 Helgeland John Christians and the Roman Army AD 173337 Church History 432 1974 149163 200 Hopkins Keith Christian Number and Its Implications Journal of Early Christian Studies 62 1998 185226 Jones AHM The Later Roman Empire 284602 A Social Economic and Administrative Survey Oxford Basil Blackwell 1964 Keresztes Paul From the Great Persecution To the Peace of Galerius Vigiliae Christianae 374 1983 379399 Knipfing JR The Edict of Galerius 311 AD reconsidered Revue Belge de Philologie et dHistoire 1 1922 693705 Lane Fox Robin Pagans and Christians New York Alfred A Knopf 1986 ISBN 0394554957 Leadbetter William From Constantine to Theodosius and Beyond In The Early Christian World ed Philip Francis Esler 258292 London Routledge 2004 ISBN 9780415164962 Liebeschuetz J H W G Continuity and Change in Roman Religion Oxford Oxford University Press 1979 ISBN 0198148224 Löhr Winrich Some Observations on KarlHeinz Schwartes Diokletians Christengesetz Vigiliae Christianae 561 2002 7595 MacMullen Ramsay Christianizing the Roman Empire New Haven Yale University Press ISBN 0300036426 Millar Fergus The Roman Near East 31 BCAD 337 Cambridge MA Harvard University Press 1993 Hardcover ISBN 0674778855 Paperback ISBN 0674778863 Mitchell Stephen Maximinus and the Christians in AD 312 A New Latin Inscription Journal of Roman Studies 78 1988 105124 Nicholson Oliver Flight from Persecution as Imitation of Christ Lactantius Divine Institutes IV 18 12 Journal of Theological Studies 401 1989 4865 Odahl Charles Matson Constantine and the Christian Empire New York Routledge 2004 Hardcover ISBN 0415174856 Paperback ISBN 0415386551 Potter David S The Roman Empire at Bay AD 180395 New York Routledge 2005 Hardcover ISBN 0415100577 Paperback ISBN 0415100585 Rees Roger Diocletian and the Tetrarchy Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press 2004 ISBN 0748616616 Rives JB The Decree of Decius and the Religion of the Empire Journal of Roman Studies 89 1999 135154 de SainteCroix GEM Aspects of the Great Persecution Harvard Theological Review 47 1954 75113 de SainteCroix GEM Why Were the Early Christians Persecuted Past Present 26 1963 638 Schott Jeremy M Porphyry on Christians and OthersBarbarian WisdomIdentity Politics and AntiChristian Polemics on the Eve of the Great Persecution Journal of Early Christian Studies 133 2005 277314 Schott Jeremy M Christianity Empire and the Making of Religion in Late Antiquity Philadelphia University of Philadelphia Press 2008 ISBN 9780812240924 SherwinWhite AN The Early Persecutions and Roman Law Again Journal of Theological Studies 32 1952 199213 Tilley Maureen A The Bible in Christian North Africa The Donatist World Minneapolis Fortress Press 1997 ISBN 0800628802 Tilley Maureen A North Africa In The Cambridge History of Christianity Volume I Origins to Constantine edited by Margaret M Mitchell and Frances M Young 381396 New York Cambridge University Press 2006 ISBN 9780521812399 Trompf GW Early Christian Historiography Narratives of redistributive justice New York Continuum 2000 ISBN 0826452949 Walter Christopher The Warrior Saints in Byzantine Art and Tradition Ashgate Publishing 2003 ISBN 184014694X Williams Stephen Diocletian and the Roman Recovery New York Routledge 1997 ISBN 0415918278 Woods David Two Notes on the Great Persecution Journal of Theological Studies 431 1992 128134 Woods David Veturius and the Beginning of the Diocletianic Persecution Mnemosyne 545 2001 587591 外部連結 A Chronological Chart of the Persecution with primary sources hyperlinked Persecution of Christians from Britannica Category 基督教術語 Category 對基督徒的迫害 Category 羅馬帝國曆史 Category 羅馬帝國境內的基督教