阿列維派（Alevi）是伊斯蘭教的一個獨立教派，從什葉派分化而來，吸收了安納托利亞地區蘇菲主義的成分。主要分佈在土耳其，在該國的人數在 1500～2000 萬之間。另外在塞普勒斯、希臘、保加利亞也有分佈。 主要特徵 阿列維派的崇拜活動主要在 組屋（cemevi）內進行，並配以音樂、歌唱和舞蹈，且男人和女人在一起進行崇拜活動。宗教儀式用土耳其語、庫爾德語以及其它一些方言。伊斯蘭教的主流認為這個教派是異端。 土耳其的阿列維派 土耳其政府不承認阿列維派的「組屋」為宗教場所，所以它們不像清真寺般可以得到政府資助。 土耳其政府規定中小學校的穆斯林學生必須上宗教課，阿列維派抱怨學校的強制性宗教課教授遜尼派教義，未有顧及阿列維派。歐洲人權法庭在 2007 年判決土耳其需要修改學校宗教課程，加入對阿列維派信仰的介紹。The Future of Religious Freedom Global Challenges p277 阿列維派曾被塞利姆一世迫害，由於這個原因，阿列維社群抗議土耳其總理埃爾多安命名第三條博斯普魯斯海峽大橋為塞利姆一世大橋。 延伸閱讀 一般介紹 Engin Ismail Franz Erhard 2000 Aleviler Alewiten Cilt 1 Band Kimlik ve Tarih Identität und Geschichte Hamburg Deutsches Orient Institut Mitteilungen Band 592000 Engin Ismail Franz Erhard 2001 Aleviler Alewiten Cilt 2 Band İnanç ve Gelenekler Glaube und Traditionen Hamburg Deutsches Orient Institut Mitteilungen Band 602001 Engin Ismail Franz Erhard 2001 Aleviler Alewiten Cilt 3 Band Siyaset ve Örgütler Politik und Organisationen Hamburg Deutsches Orient Institut Mitteilungen Band 612001 KehlBodrogi Krisztina 1992 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2000 Etnik Politik Dinsel Sorunlar Baglaminda Alevi Kurtler Ankara Van Bruinessen Martin 1997 Aslını inkar eden haramzadedir The Debate on the Kurdish Ethnic Identity of the Kurdish Alevis In K KehlBodrogi B KellnerHeinkele A OtterBeaujean eds Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East Leiden Brill Van Bruinessen Martin 1996 Kurds Turks and the Alevi revival in Turkey Middle East Report No 200 pp 710 NB The online version is expanded from its original publication White Paul J 2003 The Debate on the Identity of Alevi Kurds In Paul J WhiteJoost Jongerden eds Turkeys Alevi Enigma A Comprehensive Overview Leiden Brill pp 1732 阿列維派歷史 Birge John Kingsley 1937 The Bektashi order of dervishes London and Hartford Brown John P 1868 The Dervishes or Oriental Spiritualism Küçük Hülya 2002 The Roles of the Bektashis in Turkeys National Struggle Leiden Brill Mélikoff Irène 1998 Hadji Bektach Un mythe et ses avatars Genèse et évolution du soufisme populaire en Turquie Leiden Islamic History and Civilization Studies and Texts volume 20 Shankland David 1994 Social Change and Culture Responses to Modernization in an Alevi Village in AnatoliaIn CN Hann ed When History Accelerates Essays on Rapid Social Change Complexity and Creativity London Athlone Press Yaman Ali undated Kizilbash Alevi Dedes Based on his MA thesis for Istanbul University 極端派 Halm H 1982 Die Islamische gnosis Die extreme Schia und die Alawiten Zurich Krisztina KehlBodrogi Krisztina Barbara KellnerHeinkele Anke OtterBeaujean eds 1997 Syncretistic Religious Communities in the Near East Leiden Brill pp 1118 Moosa Matti 1988 Extremist Shiites The Ghulat Sects Syracuse University Press Van Bruinessen Martin 2005 Religious practices in the TurcoIranian world continuity and change French translation published as Les pratiques religieuses dans le monde turcoiranien changements et continuités Cahiers dÉtudes sur la Méditerranée Orientale et le Monde TurcoIranien no 3940 101121 阿列維派身份 Erdemir Aykan 2005 Tradition and Modernity Alevis Ambiguous Terms and Turkeys Ambivalent Subjects Middle Eastern Studies 2005 vol41 no6 pp 937951 Koçan GürcanÖncü Ahmet 2004 Citizen Alevi in Turkey Beyond Confirmation and Denial Journal of Historical Sociology 174 pp 464489 Olsson Tord Elizabeth ÖzdalgaCatharina Raudvere eds 1998 Alevi Identity Cultural Religious and Social Perspectives Istanbul Swedish Research Institute Stokes Martin 1996 Ritual Identity and the State An Alevi Shia Cem CeremonyIn Kirsten E Schulze et al eds Nationalism Minorities and Diasporas Identities and Rights in the Middle East pp 194196 Vorhoff Karin 1995 Zwischen Glaube Nation und neuer Gemeinschaft Alevitische Identität in der Türkei der Gegenwart Berlin 阿列維派在歐洲 Geaves Ron 2003 Religion and Ethnicity Community Formation in the British Alevi Community Koninklijke Brill NV 50 pp 52 70 Kosnick Kira 2004 Speaking in Ones Own Voice Representational Strategies of Alevi Turkish Migrants on OpenAccess Television in Berlin Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 305 pp 979994 Massicard Elise 2003 Alevist Movements at Home and Abroad Mobilization Spaces and Disjunction New Perspective on Turkey 28 pp 163188 Rigoni Isabelle 2003 Alevis in Europe A Narrow Path towards Visibility In Paul J WhiteJoost Jongerden eds Turkeys Alevi Enigma A Comprehensive Overview Leiden Brill pp 159173 Sökefeld Martin 2002 Alevi Dedes in the German Diaspora The Transformation of a Religious Institution Zeitschrift für Ethnologie 127 pp 163189 Sökefeld Martin 2004 Alevis in Germany and the Question of Integration paper presented at the Conference on the Integration of Immigrants from Turkey in Austria Germany and Holland Boğaziçi University Istanbul February 2728 2004 Sökefeld Martin Suzanne Schwalgin 2000 Institutions and their Agents in Diaspora A Comparison of Armenians in Athens and Alevis in Germany Paper presented at the 6th European Association of Social Anthropologist Conference Krakau ThomäVenske Hanns 1990 The Religious Life of Muslim in 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