阿爾卑斯人種是 19 世紀與二十世紀早期歐洲形容中歐和東歐一帶的高加索人種之詞彙。塞爾特人與亞美尼亞人是阿爾卑斯人種的代表。阿爾卑斯人種也是歐洲分佈最廣泛的白色人種，分佈範圍大致涵蓋法國、中歐至西亞、中亞與西伯利亞西部等地。阿爾卑斯人種在法國扮演著舉足輕重的角色，擁有強勢地位和影響力，早期的人類學觀點認為法國先後經歷了法國大革命與拿破崙戰爭後，法國國內局勢變幻，在原有社會階層系統被破壞殆盡與各種複雜的社會對立影響下，其原統治階層北歐人種遭受重創（原法蘭克人），戰後阿爾卑斯人種增長迅速（塞爾特高盧人），最終取代了原先的北歐人種並佔據主導性地位。The Saturday Evening Post Vol 196 No 42 April 19 1924 by Benjamin Franklin Literary Medical Society Composite France The Decline of the Nordics Then the monarchy itself decayed and after that came the revolution Although political in form the French Revolution had a racial aspect far more important than in usually realized It was largely a revolt of the Alpine and Mediterranean elements against the Nordic ruling class The revolutionary leaders openly boasted that they were avenging themselves on the descendants of the Nordic Franks who had dominated them since the fall of Rome As a revolutionary orator shouted in a memorable speech against the aristocratsLet us send them back to their German marshes whence they came Eyewitness of the Reign of Terror have left us vivid pictures of how darkhaired mob surging around the guillotine yelled with special delight whenever the executioner would hold up the head of some French lady swinging the head by its long blond tresses for the amusement of the crowd The revolution marks indeed a turning point in the racial history of France It started that rapid decline of the Nordic element which is still in full swing Not only was the Nordic aristocracy hopelessly broken but the Nordic strain in the general population was weeded out faster than ever The revolution caused a series of terrible wars which were continued under Napoleon For twentythree years France was fighting most of Europe Millions of Frenchman perished on the battlefield and as usual the Nordics were the worst sufferers It has been shown that at the end of this war period the average stature of French army recruits had been lowered nearly four inches This is striking proof of how the tall Nordics had been weeded out of the population in favor of the shorter Alpine and Mediterranean elements Although a clear majority of the French population is today alpine in race55 per cent Alpines as against 30 per cent Nordics and 15 per cent Mediterraneansthe minority elements still play a greater part in the national life than their more numbers would indicate This is particularly true in certain fields Nordics contribute most to science and invention while in literature and art honors are shared between the Nordics and Mediterraneans On the other hand politics and government are failing more and more into Alpine hands as is natural for a majority under democratic political institutions In fact the general tone of French national life is becoming increasingly Alpine in character This unquestionably makes for solidity Yet many French writers deplore the lack of individual initiative and the reliance upon the state which the average Frenchman displays Both the virtues and the shortcomings of the Alpine temperament come out most clearly in the French peasantry which is mainly Alpine in blood Hardworking thrifty solid but limited in imaginative vision and creative intelligence the French peasant remains what he has always been The difference lies not in himself but in the fact that modern political and economic conditions have made him a greater power in the nation then was formerly the case The French peasantry was never so prosperous as it is today Furthermore it is the most numerous occupational group in the nation We must remember that France never industrialized herself like England and Germany where the bulk of the population now lives in cities and towns In France a majority of the population still lives in the country According to the last census of Frances 39000000 inhabitants only 18000000 live under urban conditions while 21000000 live on the landThe Racial Elements of European History by Hans FK Günther Chapter IX Part Three The Denordization of the Peoples of Romance SpeechThe Alpine race has spread very fast one might say astoundingly fast in France in the nineteenth century It is in the nineteenth century that the rise in the index seems to have been especially rapid and this movement does not stop for wherever living persons have been measured at intervals of some years the latest figures give the highest means It is just the same with the colouring and this goes on at such a speed that not only the oldest folk but we ourselves can observe the evident dwindling of fair colouring The Frenchman of today is anthropologically quite other than he of the Middle Ages or even of the Renaissance The losses by France in the Great War 34 per cent of the population was killed mean as in the other peoples who fought in this war a terrible contraselection of the best blood That in this contraselection the Nordic race among those races represented in France is particularly involved can be gathered also from the fact that the French high command according to the report of the American General Pershing always put the northern French regiments who had relatively most Nordic blood in the very front after the other regiments had it would seem too often failed Since 1919 France has been seeking to make up her losses in a way that is highly dangerous from a racial and eugenic standpoint that is to say by drawing to herself the most heterogeneous immigrants from Europe mostly Eastern Europe but also immigrants from outside Europe 人種特徵 FileAlpinoid Race Caucasoid RipleyPNGthumb 奧地利人，阿爾卑斯人種。 FilePhotograph from The Races of Europe Ripley IIpngthumb 一位來自義大利皮埃蒙特的男子，屬於阿爾卑斯人種。 FileAlpinoid Race CaucasoidPNGthumb 一位來自法國奧弗涅的男子，屬於阿爾卑斯人種。 FileAn Austrian from South Tyrol of Alpine typejpgthumb 來自南蒂羅爾的奧地利人，阿爾卑斯人種。《德意志民族的人種學》（1939 年第 16 版），著。 FileHeinrich Kiepert Imagines philologorumjpgthumb 德國地理學家海因裡希基佩爾特，屬阿爾卑斯人種。 此人種的顱指數平均 88，普遍超過 83，圓短顱型；前額又寬又高；鼻型中等，鼻指數平均 63。臉型多短圓或方形；髮色多為棕黑色頭髮，也存在金色髮色，眼睛顏色多為棕色，但多變，為藍色、灰色或綠色。 人類學家進一步指出，阿爾卑斯人種的鼻子為中鼻型（mesorrine），而他們的頭髮通常是栗色的，他們的枕骨略呈圓形。學者認為阿爾卑斯人種的皮膚色素沉著是 中間白色，一種介於膚色較淺的北歐人種和膚色較深的地中海人種之間的顏色。儘管所謂的阿爾卑斯人種數量眾多，但阿爾卑斯人種的特徵並沒有像北歐人種和地中海人種那樣被廣泛討論。他們通常被描述為 久坐不動，堅實的農民血統，歐洲人口的可靠支柱，但領導力或創造力並不突出。麥迪遜格蘭特堅持他們 本質上是農民的性格。Grant Madison The Passing of the Great Race 1916 part 2 ch 11 part 2 chapter 5 族群範圍 主要涵蓋的人群： 法國人 南部德國人 一部分西班牙人 瑞士人 奧地利人 北部義大利人 蒂羅爾人（奧地利西部與義大利北部的阿爾卑斯山脈地區） 匈牙利人 斯洛維尼亞人 捷克人 斯洛伐克人 波蘭人 俄羅斯人 一部分亞美尼亞人、土耳其人 一部分猶太人 起源 根據人類學家威廉Z裡普利和的說法，阿爾卑斯人種在中歐和西亞 中亞的部分地區佔據主導地位。裡普利認為阿爾卑斯人種起源於亞洲，並隨著他們在歐洲建立的農業文明的出現和擴張而向西方傳播。透過遷移到中歐，阿爾卑斯分離了早期歐洲種群的北部和南部分支，為北歐人種和地中海人種的獨立演化創造了條件。 在庫恩的一書中，他闡述了一個不同的論點，即他們是歐洲本土的舊石器時代晚期倖存者的簡化型別： 一些阿爾卑斯人種型別可能是透過趨同進化過程獨立發展起來的。 歷史 有人說居住在西伯利亞的一些人也是阿爾卑斯人種。亞美尼亞人種與第拿里人種也是阿爾卑斯人種的特化型別。有人說他們發源自冰川時代的中亞，他們的語言被稱為圖蘭尼語（原始突厥語），後被印歐語系取代。他們先後向歐洲傳播青銅文化與冶煉鐵器技術。 多數納粹黨員（包括希特勒，希特勒雖具北歐人種特徵，但其阿爾卑斯人種血統應占較大比重）其實為此人種，為純正北歐人種的德國人並不多。The Dark Side of ChurchState Separation by Stephen Strehle The Immediate Sources of Hitlers Ideology Notes It is worth noting that Hitlers appearance fit more within the stereotype of the Alpine race than the Nordic ideal 參見 第拿里人種 亞美尼亞人種 參考文獻 Category 種族