阿布貝克爾穆罕默德扎卡里亞拉齊（，Abūbakr Mohammade Zakariāye Rāzī；），波斯醫師、鍊金術師、化學家、哲學家。他博學多才，為早期醫學、化學、音樂和哲學領域做出很大貢獻。醫學方面，他發現天花與麻疹是兩種不同的疾病，並最早闡明瞭過敏和免疫的原理。化學上，他發現乙醇，並認為元素嬗變為金銀是可能的。他創立了完善的蒸餾和提取方法，並透過蒸餾綠礬（油）和石油，分別發現硫酸和煤油。一生著有 200 部書籍和文章，記載了他在各領域的探索。 參考文獻 擴充套件閱讀 第一手文獻 拉齊所作 See for the manuscript of Razis extant books in general see Brockelmann GAL I pp 26871 second edition Suppl Vol I pp 41821 Paul Kraus Abi Bakr Mohammadi Filii Zachariae Raghensis Opera Philosophica fragmentaque quae superssunt Pars Prior Cairo 1939 Note this is the only edition of AlRazis philosophical books and fragments still extant Only the first volume was published since Krauss suicide prevented the publication of the second volume for which he already had gathered a great amount of material This material was transferred after his death to the Institut Francais dArcheologie Orientale in Cairo it still remains to be published 他人所作 Ibn AlNadim Fihrist ed Flugel pp 299 et sqq Tabaqat alUmam p 33 Ibn Juljul Tabaqat alAtibba walHukama ed Fuad Sayyid Cairo 13551936 pp 7778 J Ruska AlBiruni als Quelle fur das Leben und die Schriften alRazis Isis Vol V 1924 pp 2650 AlBiruni Epitre de Beruni contenant le repertoire des ouvres de Muhammad ibn Zakariya arRazi publiee par P Kraus Paris 1936 AlBaihaqi Tatimmah Siwan alHikma ed M Ghafi Lahore 13511932 AlQiftiTarikh alHukama ed Lippert pp 27177 Ibn Abi UsaibiahUyun alAnba fi Tabaqat alAtibba Vol I pp 30921 Abu AlFaraj ibn alIbri BarHebraeusMukhtasar Tarikh alDuwal ed A Salhani p 291 Wafayat alAyan ed Muhyi alDin Abd alHamid Cairo 1948 No 678 pp 24447 AlSafadi Nakt alHimyan pp 24950 Ibn AlImad Shadharat alDhahab Vol II p 263 AlUmari Masalik alAbsar Vol V Part 2 ff 30103 photostat copy in Dar alKutub alMisriyyah 第二手文獻 G S A Ranking The Life and Works of Rhazes in Proceedings of the Seventeenth International Congress of Medicine London 1913 pp 23768 AlRazi als Bahnbrecher einer neuer Chemie Deutsche Literaturzeitung 1923 pp 11824 Die Alchemie alRazis der Islam Vol XXIIpp 283319 Uber den gegenwartigen Stand der RaziForschung Archivio di stori della scienza 1924 Vol V pp 33547 H H Shader ZDMG 79 pp 22835 see translation into Arabic by in alInsan alKamilIslamica Vol XI Cairo 1950 pp 3744 E O von Lippmann Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Alchemie Vol II p 181 S Pines Die Atomenlehre arRazis in Beitrage zur islamischen Atomenlehre Berlin 1936 pp 3493 Dr Mahmud alNajmabadi Shah Hal Muhammad ibn Zakariya 13181900 Gamil Bek Uqud alJauliar Vol I pp 11827 Izmirli Haqqi Ilahiyat Fak Macm Vol I p 151 Vol II p 36 Vol III pp 177 et seq Min Tarlkh alIlhad fi alIslam Islamica Vol II Cairo 1945 pp 198228 HirschbergGeschichte der Augenheilkunde p 101 E GBrowne Arabian Medicine Cambridge 1921 pp 4453 M Meyerhof Legacy of Islam pp 323 et seq Geschichte der Arabischen Arzte und Naturforscher ftn 98 L Leelerc Histoire de la medicine arabe Paris 1876 Vol I pp 33754 H P J Renaud A propos du millenaire de Razes in bulletin de la Societe Irancaise dHistoire de la medicine Marsavril 1931 pp 203 et seq A Eisen Kimiya alRazi RAAD DIB 624 Aldo Mieli La science arabe Leiden 1938 pp 8 16 Nasr Science and Civilization in Islam see Razes The Secret of Secrets p 273 also pp 197200 and Anawati LAlchemie arabe in Rased A History of Muslim Philosophy Walker P The Political Implications of alRazis Philosophy in C Butterworth ed The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy Cambridge MA 哈佛大學出版社，61941992 Motazed K Mohammad Zakaria Razi 百科全書 Encyclopaedie des Islams s v by Ruska 外部連結 alRazi on Islamic Philosophy Online encyclopedic article about alRazi by the foremost academic expert Paul E Walker Levitycom Payvandcom Google Books Search Doubt A History p 229 Lives of the Physicians dating from 1882 features a biography in Arabic about Rhazes Category 波斯人 Category 化學家 Category 伊朗傳統醫學 Category 中世紀伊斯蘭教鍊金術士 Category 伊斯蘭黃金時代 Category 穆斯林發明家 Category 宗教批評者 Category 伊斯蘭哲學家