thumb200px 各種水果 果食主義（英語：Fruitarianism）是素食主義或純素主義的一種，主張植物同樣具有不可踐踏的生命，因此主義實踐者只吃植物的果實。果食主義中關於果的定義來自於植物學而非日常用語，也就是說黃瓜、茄子、蕃茄、辣椒等通常不歸類於水果的植物學果實是可以食用的。基於各種理由人們選擇採取果食主義，包括道德、宗教、環保、文化與健康等等。有些人的當飲食超過 75 都是由果實組成便自稱為果食主義者。 定義 有些果食主義者只吃會從植物上自然掉落的食物，也就是不用傷害植物就能收割的食物 Sins of the Flesh A History of Ethical Vegetarian Thought Rod Preece UBC Press 2008 Since plants have life it is necessary if one is not to starve to live from the fruit of the plant in such a manner that the host plant itself does not dieNutrition for the recreational athlete Catherine G Ratzin Jackson page 95 The fruitarian diet usually consists of consuming those parts of the plant that are cast off or dropped from the plant and that do not involve the destruction of the plant itself 249 page CRC Press 1995 ISBN 0849379148 ISBN 9780849379147Handbook Of Pediatric Nutrition Patricia Samour A fruitarian diet consists of only fruits Any plant food that is botanically a fruit or can be obtained without killing or harming the plant is considered a fruit Jones Bartlett Publishers 2003 page 143 ，這些食物主要包括水果、堅果與種子。根據作者 Adam Gollner，有些果食主義者只吃已經掉落的果實 The Fruit Hunters Adam Leith Gollne Some factions eat only fallen fruit Others refuse to eat any seeds because they contain future plants 。也有一些不吃穀物的人，他們相信這是不自然的作法 。有些人則認為不應食用會長成植物、堅果、種子 The Ascensional Science of Spiritualizing Fruitarian Dietetics Dr Johnny Lovewisdom Ecuador International University of the Natural Vitalogical Sciences 1999 Introduction Nature is betrayed when man ingests the seeds of plants depriving them of their means of propagating their own species chapter Sugar StarchFriends Or Foes grains nuts and other seeds are wrong as food sources 及水果之前的一切植物的種子 Ascensional Science teaches the damaging effects of chlorophyll leafage earthly roots and lower passion producing seeds We are healed by levitational forces in fruit sugars and acids Introduction to Ascensional Science of Spiritualizing Fruitarian Dietetics Johnny Lovewisdom International University of the Natural Vitalogical Sciences 1999 。還有人相信應該只吃會在被吃掉後散播種子的植物。一些果食主義者採用植物學的定義食用包括豆科植物在內的果實。也有包括生果、果乾、蜂蜜、橄欖油在內 Food nutrition and diet therapy a textbook of nutritional care Marie V Krause The fruitarian diet consists of only raw or dried fruits nuts honey and olive oil page 343 Saunders 1984 Original from the University of Michigan Digitized Aug 19 2008 ISBN 0721655149 ISBN 9780721655147，或食用水果、堅果、種子及巧克力的人 Handbook of Sunfood Living Resource Guide for Global Health John McCabe North Atlantic Books 2008 other fruitarians also consumer cucumbers olives tomatoes peppers squash beans melon avocadoes berries grapes figs dates carob chocolate goji berries nuts and even coconuts。 動機 一些果食主義者為猶太基督徒，根據創世紀第一章二十九節，他們認為果食主義是亞當與夏娃，也就是人類最初的飲食模式。同時他們也相信若要回歸一個伊甸園般的樂園，將需要簡單的生活與一個完全接納健康與飲食的方法。有些果食主義者 如耆那教徒 則希望避免殺害包括植物在內的任何生命，而被稱為不害的果食主義者。ahimsa the Hindu and Buddhist doctrine of refraining from harming any living being MerriamWebsters Online Dictionary httpwwwmerriamwebstercomdictionaryahinsa 有些果食主義者主張吃植物的果食實際上是幫了它們一個大忙，因為有肉質的果食是演化成適合被動物所食用，藉此得以繁衍後代。 科學研究 生物學研究 在 1979 年，一名約翰霍普金斯大學的古人類學家亞倫渥克教授 Professor Allen Walker 回報了一項關於原始人類牙齒琺琅質的初步研究，他發現人類祖先的飲食主要來自於果實。這項發現令他感到非常驚訝。 臨床研究 於 1971 年，一項由 B J Meyer 所主導的短期研究被發表在南非醫學期刊 South African Medical Journal 上 The South African Medical Journal is published by the South African Medical Association which represents most medical professionals in South Africa African Journals Online httpajolinfoindexphpsamj 。內容提到純果食者其體內的血脂與葡萄糖耐受度都有所進步 The effect of a nutsupplemented fruit diet on glucose tolerance insulin secretion plasma proteins and plasma lipids was investigated The results suggest that at least for the period covered by the experiment and under the prevailing conditions the diet was adequate with respect to the parameters investigated and may even have something to commend it。根據該研究中更進一步的試驗，對於一些過重的試驗者在嘗試果食法之後，其理想體重有下降的趨勢。Meyer BJ et al Some physiological effects of a mainly fruit diet in man South African Medical Journal February 20 1971 vol 45 pp 1915 An interesting aspect of the diet was the tendency for the weights to level off more or less at the theoretically ideal weight for the subject 著名的果食主義者 一些知名的果食主義鼓吹者，或其飲食習慣被認為是果食主義者包括以下人物： 伊迪阿敏，烏幹達的軍事獨裁者，他在流亡到沙烏地阿拉伯的期間成為了一名果食主義者。Goline Adam Leith 2013 The Fruit Hunters A Story of Nature Adventure Commerce and Obsession New York Scribner ISBN 9781476704999 Quote Idi Amin the tyrannical Ugandan dictator lived his final years in Saudi Arabia as a fruitarian his affinity for oranges earned him the nicknameDr Jaffa 莫罕達斯卡拉姆昌德甘地，更為人知的是他身為印度政治與靈性導師聖雄甘地的這個名字，他持續了果食主義超過了五年以上。Mahatma Gandhi Desai Valji Govindji transTolstoy Farm III in Satyagraha in South Africa XXXV Quote D uring five years of a purely fruitarian life I never felt weak nor did I suffer from any disease 然而他之後因為肋膜炎，在醫生的強迫下停止了這樣的飲食模式回歸素食主義。Autobiography the story of my experiments with truth Social Sciences Series Mohandas Gandhi Gandhi Mahatma Mahadev Haribhai Desai Dover 1983 p 318 Dr Jivraj Mehta treated me He pressed me hard to resume milk and cereals but I was obdurateGokhales Charity My Experiments with Truth M K Gandhi ，白人種族至上主義者，是創意運動的創辦人。Berlet Chip Vysotsky Stanislavstated Overview of US White Supremacist Groups Journal of Political and Military Sociology Summer 2006 他鼓吹純果實飲食應包含水果、蔬菜和堅果。Salubrious Living Creativity Book Publishers 1982 and World Church of Creativity 2003 chapter The Fruitarian Diet The fruitarian diet is composed of the products of the plant kingdom which are delicious and appealing to our taste in their natural uncooked condition As fruits vegetables and nuts are the foods which meet this qualification in an ideal manner they are the primary foods used by the fruitarian 史提夫賈伯斯，他將自己的公司命名為 蘋果公司 就是因為當時他正在實驗性地嘗試果食主義。Steve Jobs by Walter Isaacson Finally Jobs proposed Apple Computer I was on one of my fruitarian diets Jobs explained p 120 She just wanted him to be healthy and Jobs would be making weird pronouncements like Im a fruitarian and I will only eat leaves picked by virgins in the moonlight p 68 周兆祥：在香港提倡果食及生食的翻譯講師。 相關條目 純素主義 素食主義 註釋 Category 純素主義 Category 果實