海帶目是褐藻綱之下一個目級的海藻分類單元，現時包括有約 30 個屬。 這些海帶生長於淺海海洋底下的海藻林：一種類似於陸地上森林的海洋植物群落，估計從中新世（即 500 到 2300 萬年前）就已出現。 分類 本目包括下列各科： 厚岸藻科（Akkesiphycaceae） 翅藻科（Alariaceae） 繩藻科（Chordaceae） 多肋藻科 海帶科（海帶科） 巨藻科（Lessoniaceae） 擬繩藻科 生長和繁殖 生長在分生組織基部發生。 海藻林 海帶目聚集的地方會發展成被稱為「海藻林」的海底森林，為最富有豐富生產力與多樣性的地球生態系統。較小片的海藻林又被稱為海藻床。在挪威海岸，有接近 5800 平方千米的海岸就長滿了海藻林，還為大量動物提及棲息地 Christie H Jørgensen NM Norderhaug KM WaageNielsen E 2003 Species distribution and habitat exploitation of fauna associated with kelp Laminaria hyperborea along the Norwegian coast Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK 83 687699Jørgensen NM Christie H 2003 Follow me raddmichyy and lowk3ynadine l Diurnal horizontal and vertical dispersal of kelp associated fauna Hydrobiologia 50 6976。 海藻林分佈於溫帶到極地地區的沿岸海域。在 2007 年，於厄瓜多附近的熱帶海域也發現有海藻林分佈。Graham MH BP Kinlan LD Druehl LE Garske and S Banks 2007 Deepwater kelp refugia as potential hotspots of tropical marine diversity and productivity Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 1657616580 和熱帶的珊瑚礁一樣，海藻林為許多生物提供生活環境，包括軟體動物、甲殼動物、棘皮動物、魚類及海洋哺乳動物等；同時也為人類提供生產力豐富的漁場。 商業用途 巨型海帶由於其表面的樹冠和在較深水域停留的生長習性，可以相當容易地收穫。 商業生產 再生能源 目前尚未歷史 保育 相簿 ImageGiant kelp Macrocystis pyrifera 01jpg in Monterey Bay Aquariums 蒙特雷灣水族館 FileScuba diver in kelp forestjpg FileBlue Rockfish in kelp forestjpgBlue rockfish in kelp forest FileAnemone and seastar in kelp forestjpgAnemone and seastar in kelp forest FileKelp forestbluejpgAn underwater shot of a kelp forest FileKelpforestI2500ppxJPGA kelp forest FileCLOSE UP OF ECKLONIA MAXIMA LEAFjpgA close up view of giant brown kelp FileKelpwikjpgKelp found along the coast of La Jolla Shores FileMorskajakapustajpgSaccharina latissima in salad form same also in canned form 知名物種 Bull kelp a northwestern American species Used by coastal 美洲原住民 to create 漁網 s Giant kelp the largest seaweed Found in the 太平洋 coast of 北美洲 and 南美洲 Saccharina japonica formerly Laminaria japonica and others several edible species of kelp found in 日本 Species of Laminaria in the British Isles Hudson JV Lamouroux Oarweed Tangle Gunnerus Foslie Curvie Bachelot de la Pylaie Linnaeus JVLamouroux sea belt sugar kelp sugarwack Species of 海帶屬 worldwide listing of species at AlgaeBase NE 美洲 日本 Laminaria bongardina Postels et Ruprecht Bering Sea to 加利福尼亞州 Laminaria cuneifolia NE America Laminaria dentigera Klellm California America NE America Laminaria ephemera Setchell Sitka Alaska to Monterey County California America Laminaria farlowii Setchell Santa Cruz California to Baja California America Laminaria groenlandica NE America Laminaria longicruris NE America Laminaria nigripes NE America Laminaria ontermedia NE America Greville ex J Agardh 南非 Laminaria platymeris NE America Linnaeus Lamouroux synonym of Saccharina latissima north east Atlantic Ocean Barents Sea south to Galicia Spain Laminaria setchellii Silva Aleutian Islands Alaska to Baja California America Laminaria sinclairii Harvey ex Hooker f ex Harvey Farlow Anderson et Eaton Hope Island British Columbia to Los Angeles California America Laminaria solidungula NE America Laminaria stenophylla NE America Other species in the 海帶目 that may be considered as kelp Post Rupr Alaska and California 美洲 Costaria costata CAg Saunders Japan Alaska California America Ecklonia brevipes J Agardh Australia New Zealand Osbeck Papenfuss South Africa CAgardh J Agardh Australia Tasmania New Zealand South Africa Aresch Vancouver Island British Columbia Montrey Santa Catalina Island California America Turn Aresch Hedophyllum sessile CAg Setch Alaska California America Macrocystis angustifolia Bory Australia Tasmania and South Africa Pleurophycus gardneri Setch Saund Alaska California America Rupr Vancouver Island British Columbia to Bahia del Ropsario Baja California and California America NonLaminariales species that may be considered as kelp Fucales 紐西蘭，南美洲，and 澳大利亞 Fucales New Zealand Durvillaea potatorum 雅克拉比亞迪埃 Areschoug Fucales 塔斯馬尼亞州；Australia 與其他物種的互動 部分動物的名稱或其英文名稱以海帶來命名，因為牠們以海帶為棲息地或食物。這些物種包括有： Pugettia producta and Pugettia gracilis Pacific coast of North America 䲁亞目魚類的英文名：包括有北美洲太平洋海岸的 Heterosticbus rostratus 及屬物種。 白草雁 Chloephaga hybrida：棲息於南美洲及福克蘭群島 鞘嘴鷗科物種在英語的通稱叫作，棲息於南極洲，只有白鞘嘴鷗（Chionis alba）和黑臉鞘嘴鷗（Chionis minor）兩個物種。 參考文獻 參看 海藻林 延伸閱讀 Erlandson JM MH Graham BJ Bourque D Corbett JA Estes RS Steneck 2007 The Kelp Highway hypothesis marine ecology the coastal migration theory and the peopling of the Americas Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2161174 外部連結 Category 海菜 CategorySeaweeds