語用學是語言學的一個分支學科，與符號學理論相互交叉、滲透，研究語境對語言含義產生的影響與做出的貢獻。語用學包括言語行為理論、對話內涵義、交流中的對話，以及從哲學、社會學、語言學及人類學等角度解析人類語言行為的研究。 語用學分析研究語言行為（如招呼、回答、勸說）的文化準繩與發言規則。語用學還研究語言用於成事的方式。 不同的文化之間皆有約定俗成、客套的對話，為了避免跨文化交流之中，因為語言規範的差異而在交談之中產生誤解，社會語言學的知識與務實能力是語言學習者所不能忽視的。 參見 語義學語法學句法學 語言學符號學 應用語言學 參考文獻 Austin J L 1962 How to Do Things With Words Oxford University Press Ariel Mira 2008 Pragmatics and Grammar Cambridge Cambridge University Press Brown Penelope and Stephen C Levinson 1978 Politeness Some Universals in Language Usage Cambridge University Press Carston Robyn 2002 Thoughts and Utterances The Pragmatics of Explicit Communication Oxford Blackwell Clark Herbert H 1996 Using Language Cambridge University Press Cole Peter ed 1978 Pragmatics Syntax and Semantics 9 New York Academic Press Dijk Teun A van 1977 Text and Context Explorations in the Semantics and Pragmatics of Discourse London Longman Grice H Paul 1989 Studies in the Way of Words Cambridge MA Harvard University Press Laurence R Horn and Gregory Ward 2005 The Handbook of Pragmatics Blackwell Leech Geoffrey N 1983 Principles of Pragmatics London Longman Levinson Stephen C 1983 Pragmatics Cambridge University Press Levinson Stephen C 2000 Presumptive meanings The theory of generalized conversational implicature MIT Press Lin G H C Perkins L 2005 Crosscultural discourse of giving and accepting gifts International Journal of Communication 1612 10312 ERIC Collections in ED 503685 httpwwwericedgovPDFSED503685pdf Mey Jacob L 1993 Pragmatics An Introduction Oxford Blackwell 2nd ed 2001 Kepa Korta and John Perry 2006 Pragmatics The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy Potts Christopher 2005 The Logic of Conventional Implicatures Oxford Studies in Theoretical Linguistics Oxford Oxford University Press Robinson Douglas 2003 Performative Linguistics Speaking and Translating as Doing Things With Words London and New York Routledge Robinson Douglas 2006 Introducing Performative Pragmatics London and New York Routledge Sperber Dan and Wilson Deirdre 2005 Pragmatics In F Jackson and M Smith eds Oxford Handbook of Contemporary Philosophy OUP Oxford 468501 Also available here Thomas Jenny 1995 Meaning in Interaction An Introduction to Pragmatics Longman Verschueren Jef 1999 Understanding Pragmatics London New York Arnold Publishers Verschueren Jef JanOla Östman Jan Blommaert eds 1995 Handbook of Pragmatics Amsterdam Benjamins Watzlawick Paul Janet Helmick Beavin and Don D Jackson 1967 Pragmatics of Human Communication A Study of Interactional Patterns Pathologies and Paradoxes New York Norton Wierzbicka Anna 1991 Crosscultural Pragmatics The Semantics of Human Interaction Berlin New York Mouton de Gruyter Yule George 1996 Pragmatics Oxford Introductions to Language Study Oxford University Press Silverstein Michael 1976 Shifters Linguistic Categories and Cultural Description in Meaning and Anthropology Basso and Selby eds New York Harper Row Wardhaugh Ronald 2006 An Introduction to Sociolinguistics Blackwell Duranti Alessandro 1997 Linguistic Anthropology Cambridge University Press Carbaugh Donal 1990 Cultural Communication and Intercultural Contact LEA 外部連結 International Pragmatics Association IPrA Journal of Pragmatics What is Pragmatics eprint by Shaozhong Liu European Communicative Strategies ECSTRA a wiki project in comparative pragmatics directed by Category 語言學術語 Category 語言哲學 Category 語義學