France: draft resolution (S/2024/788)
Date: 1 November 2024
Submitted by: The Security Council

The Security Council,
Determining that the situation in the region of the Former Yugoslavia continues to constitute a threat to international peace and security,
Acting under Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations,
1. Authorizes the Member States acting through or in cooperation with the EU to establish for a further period of twelve months, starting from the date of the adoption of this resolution, a multinational stabilization force (EUFOR ALTHEA) as a legal successor to SFOR under unified command and control, which will fulfil its missions in relation to the implementation of Annex 1-A and Annex 2 of the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the annexes thereto (collectively the Peace Agreement, S/1995/999, Annex) in cooperation with the NATO Headquarters presence in accordance with the arrangements agreed between NATO and the EU as communicated to the Security Council in their letters of 19 November 2004, which recognize that EUFOR ALTHEA will have the main peace stabilization role under the military aspects of the Peace Agreement;
2. Decides to renew the authorization provided by paragraph 11 of its resolution 2183 (2014) for a further period of twelve months starting from the date of adoption of this resolution;
3. Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraphs 1 and 2 above to take all necessary measures to effect the implementation of and to ensure compliance with annexes 1-A and 2 of the Peace Agreement, stresses that the parties shall continue to be held equally responsible for the compliance with that annex and shall be equally subject to such enforcement action by EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence as may be necessary to ensure implementation of those annexes and the protection of EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence;
4. Authorizes Member States to take all necessary measures, at the request of either EUFOR ALTHEA or the NATO Headquarters, in defence of the EUFOR ALTHEA or NATO presence respectively, and to assist both organizations in carrying out their missions, and recognizes the right of both EUFOR ALTHEA and the NATO presence to take all necessary measures to defend themselves from attack or threat of attack;
5. Authorizes the Member States acting under paragraphs 1 and 2 above, in accordance with annex 1-A of the Peace Agreement, to take all necessary measures to ensure compliance with the rules and procedures governing command and control of airspace over Bosnia and Herzegovina with respect to all civilian and military air traffic;
6. Decides to remain seized of the matter.


Statements at the meeting:

representative: Mr. Dharmadhikari (spoke in French)
country: France
statement: At the outset, I wish to welcome the first day of the British presidency of the Security Council.
Since 2004, the European Union (EU) has played a fundamental role in the stability and security of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the region through the European Union Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It does so on behalf of the international community, in accordance with the Dayton-Paris accord and upon decision of the Security Council. The operation, in which France is fully engaged, has shown that it plays an essential role in ensuring a secure environment, reassuring the population and deterring potential destabilizing actors, in a context that is nevertheless marked by persistent political tensions and worrisome provocations. We therefore welcome the unanimous adoption today by the Council of resolution 2757 (2024), which renews its mandate for a period of 12 months.
With regard to the civilian component, France reiterates that it supports the mandate of the High Representative. France expresses its full solidarity with Bosnia and Herzegovina following the severe flooding and landslides that hit the country on 3 October. France welcomes the holding of local elections on 6 October despite those dramatic events. It notes that, according to the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe observation mission, the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights, these elections were competitive and managed effectively, despite a number of observed shortcomings.
France, as a witness to the Dayton-Paris accords, firmly supports the unity, territorial integrity and sovereignty of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We remain very concerned by the initiatives by the Republika Srpska authorities, which threaten the unity, constitutional order, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, principles at the heart of the Dayton-Paris agreements.
France is convinced that the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina, like that of the entire Western Balkans region, lies in the European Union. The decision taken by the European Council to open accession negotiations with Bosnia and Herzegovina on 21 March was a clear signal in that regard. Bosnia and Herzegovina has a unique opportunity to move forward on its path to European Union accession. France calls on the Bosnian authorities to work together to implement the eight key measures and move forward on the appointment.
of a chief negotiator, in order to advance Bosnia and
Herzegovina in its European Union accession process,
for the benefit of all its citizens.

representative: Mr. Montalvo Sosa (spoke in Spanish)
country: Ecuador
statement: I congratulate you, Madam President, for assuming
the presidency of the Security Council for the month
of November, and I assure you of my delegation’s
full support. Since you have already congratulated
Switzerland on behalf of the Council for its excellent
presidency during the month of October, I will not add
anything further.
       I welcome the Chairman of the Presidency of
Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mr. Denis Bećirović, as well
as the delegations of Croatia, Serbia and the European
Union, to today’s meeting.
       I also thank the delegation of France for its efforts
in facilitating the adoption of resolution 2757 (2024),
which renews the authorization of the European Union
Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which
continues to play a key role in maintaining the stability
and security of the country.
       The progress made by Bosnia and Herzegovina
since the end of the devastating conflict almost 30
years ago is commendable. The country’s progress in
building an environment of peace and development,
achieved with the support of the international
community — and above all thanks to the resilience
of the Bosnian people — deserves to be preserved.
The comprehensive implementation of the General
Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and
Herzegovina is essential to that end and to ensure
the strengthening of an inclusive and democratic
system that represents all its citizens. For that reason,
certain positions that challenge the authority of State
institutions and the framework of the Dayton Peace
Agreement remain worrisome.
       Ecuador reiterates its call on all political
stakeholders to abandon any rhetoric or action that
fuels divisions or separatist aspirations. Respect for
the country’s constitutional, legal and institutional
framework is the cornerstone for achieving peace,
stability and progress. Ecuador welcomes the fact
that the recent local elections have been held in
an atmosphere of peace and transparency. It also
recognizes the efforts of the Bosnian authorities to
improve electoral integrity, although there is still a
need to increase women’s full, equal and meaningful
participation in political life. Similarly, it is important
to continue to address the spread of hate speech, which
threatens to undermine trust among communities and
hinders efforts for national unity.
       In the area of European integration, Ecuador
believes that the prospect of accession is a valuable
goal for Bosnia and Herzegovina and therefore urges
national leaders to responsibly honour the necessary
commitments to ensure the future of European
integration in their country.
       Ecuador again calls on the international community
to continue to support Bosnia and Herzegovina in
its mission to consolidate peace and sustainable
development and to create a prosperous future for the
next generations. Women and young people play a
critical role in that effort. We encourage the authorities
to step up efforts for the full implementation of the
commitments, conditions and objectives established
in the 5+2 agenda, which will allow the completion of
the international monitoring process. In the nearly two
years that Ecuador has exercised the responsibility of
being a member of the Council, Ecuador has reaffirmed
its firm support for the unity, sovereignty and territorial
integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in accordance with
international law and the Dayton Peace Agreement. I
reiterate that support today.

representative: Mr. Žbogar
country: Slovenia
statement: I want to congratulate
you, Madam President, on assuming the presidency
of the Security Council. I can express our full support
and constructive collaboration during the month of
November. I want to congratulate Switzerland for
a very capable and smooth presidency in the month
of October.
       I would like to welcome the Chairman of the
Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Mr. Denis
Bećirović, to the Chamber. I also want to welcome the
representatives of Croatia and Serbia.
       At the outset, I would like to express our unwavering
solidarity and support for Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Slovenia was among the first countries to dispatch a
team of rescuers through the European Union (EU)
Civil Protection Mechanism after the flooding and
landslides last month. We remember with gratitude that
Bosnia and Herzegovina showed equal support for our
country last year.
       Today I would like to speak about commitments,
highlighting the following three points.
First, I would like to highlight the Security Council’s unanimous approval for extending the authorization of the European Union (EU) Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR-Althea), underscoring our joint commitment to peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina. EUFOR-Althea’s presence remains an important source of reassurance for the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It supports the ongoing journey towards lasting peace, unity and integration into the EU.

Secondly, Slovenia remains unequivocally committed to Bosnia and Herzegovina’s EU perspective. The EU has clearly recognized that the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina is with the European Union, which is the wish and resolve of the great majority of citizens of all ethnic groups. Only the steadfast commitment of all political stakeholders to European integration and local ownership of the reform processes can bring about progress for achieving that strategic goal. Slovenia urges political leaders to intensify efforts in key reform areas, including by submitting a comprehensive reform agenda under the Reform and Growth Facility for the Western Balkans. We also encourage active civic participation and engagement from other parts of society. Strengthening broad internal dialogue will not only support the reform process but also enhance public trust in democratic institutions.

Thirdly and lastly, Slovenia expects all political actors to commit to upholding Bosnia and Herzegovina’s sovereignty, territorial integrity and constitutional order. Ensuring those principles is essential for fostering stability, democratic resilience and mutual trust. In other words, the General Framework Agreement for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina must be respected and upheld. Secessionist rhetoric and challenges to Bosnia and Herzegovina’s constitutional order from the Republika Srpska pose a threat to the principles I mentioned earlier and could endanger the country’s path to EU membership. Slovenia urges all relevant stakeholders to refrain from such acts and to demonstrate tolerance and engage actively in inter-ethnic dialogue towards reconciliation. As a positive development, Slovenia welcomes the preliminary findings of the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe/Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights election observation mission, which indicated that the local elections held on 6 October were competitive and efficiently managed.

In conclusion, let me refer to the recently adopted Pact for the Future (General Assembly resolution 79/1), which reaffirms our shared commitment to sustainable development, peace and prosperity for future generations. The Declaration on Future Generations contained in annex II of the Pact should inspire Bosnia and Herzegovina to continue advancing reforms that strengthen democratic governance, the justice system and economic resilience. By championing those principles, Bosnia and Herzegovina can build a stronger and resilient future that leads to membership of the EU. In turn, the initiation of EU accession talks represents an opportunity for economic growth, enabling all citizens, especially young people, to envision a prosperous future within their own country.

Last but not least, I would like to welcome the report submitted by the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina and thank him and his Office for their work and endeavours.

representative: Mr. Hauri (spoke in French)
country: Switzerland
statement: First of all, allow me to express my appreciation for the warm wishes extended to Switzerland and our team, and to assure you, Madam President, of our full support for you and your team during your country’s presidency of the Security Council.

I welcome the participation of the Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina in today’s meeting and express Switzerland’s condolences following this month’s devastating flooding. I also welcome the delegations of the European Union, Serbia and Croatia to today’s meeting.

Switzerland welcomes the unanimous adoption of resolution 2757 (2024) renewing the authorization for the European Union Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR-Althea). We thank France for its efforts as penholder. EUFOR-Althea remains an essential pillar of stability, preserving security not only in Bosnia and Herzegovina but also in the region. We are honoured to have facilitated the renewal of the authorization last year. True to its long-standing commitment, Switzerland will continue to contribute to the mission by deploying military personnel and specialized experts.

We also thank the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina for his report and reiterate our support for his Office. The completion of the 5+2 agenda, which
is the condition for the closure of the Office, remains
our declared objective. We note with regret the lack of
substantial progress in that respect.
     Switzerland      welcomes      the   peaceful     and   orderly
conduct     of  this   month’s     local   elections     in   Bosnia
and    Herzegovina,       which     demonstrated       respect     for
fundamental freedoms. The participation of all parties
underlines the commitment to democratic principles.
However,      we    remain     concerned      by    the   persistent
underrepresentation of women in public and political
life and call for redoubled efforts to increase their
presence in political processes.
     We    call    on   all  political    actors    to   seize    this
opportunity      and    electoral    momentum        to   invest    in
the   well-being     of   the   entire   population      of   Bosnia
and Herzegovina. A common path, based on trust, is
essential to forging a united and inclusive society that
promotes cooperation, prosperity and security for all.
To that end, it is incumbent on the country’s leaders
to  demonstrate       political    will   and    pursue    essential
reforms. That is a fundamental step towards Bosnia and
Herzegovina’s accession to the European Union.
     However,        trends     towards      hate     speech,     the
distortion of history and the glorification of war crimes
worry us, as they undermine trust and are detrimental
to   all   societies.    Such     rhetoric    prevents     progress
towards a peaceful, multi-ethnic society. Inter-ethnic
reconciliation      is  necessary     to   create    a  climate     of
mutual respect and understanding between different
communities. Addressing past atrocities and preventing
genocide denial are essential to ensuring lasting peace
and    a  stable    future.    Switzerland      also   rejects    any
secessionist rhetoric or actions, such as those emanating
from the Republika Srpska in recent months, which
undermine the country’s unity, constitutional integrity
and rule of law.
     This    is  the  final   mandated      meeting      on   Bosnia
and    Herzegovina       under    Switzerland’s      current    term
on the Council. I would like to take this opportunity
to reiterate Switzerland’s unwavering support for the
country’s     sovereignty      and    territorial   integrity.    We
remain committed to supporting peace and security,
prosperity and good governance in the country and
the region.
     The    year    2025    will   mark     30   years    since   the
Dayton     Accords.      Switzerland      therefore     invites   the
international community and stakeholders in Bosnia
and Herzegovina to seize this opportunity to promote
a shared and promising vision, particularly for the
younger generations, who embody the future of Bosnia
and Herzegovina.

representative: Mrs. Rodrigues-Birkett
country: Guyana
statement: Please allow
me to congratulate you, Madam President, and your
team    on   the   United    Kingdom’s       assumption       of  the
presidency of the Security Council for November. I
also wish to commend Switzerland for its successful
presidency during the month of October.
     I acknowledge the contribution of the Office of
the High Representative in Bosnia and Herzegovina in
executing its mandate in accordance with the Dayton
Peace Agreement and take note of the contents of
the report submitted on the situation in Bosnia and
Herzegovina.       I  also   welcome       the   participation     in
today’s meeting of His Excellency Mr. Denis Bećirović,
Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
His   Excellency      Mr.    Stavros    Lambrinidis,       Head    of
the Delegation of the European Union to the United
Nations, and the representatives of Serbia and Croatia.
     At the outset, Guyana extends condolences to the
families and loved ones of those who lost their lives in
the severe floods and landslides in central and southern
Bosnia and Herzegovina on 3 and 4 October. We express
our solidarity with those whose lives have been affected
by that tragedy and commend the swift coordination
efforts at the national, regional and international levels,
which saved many lives and avoided further damage to
vital infrastructure in the affected areas.
     Permit me to also congratulate the local authorities
and the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina on the
peaceful conduct of local elections in October. We note
from the report of the joint observation mission of the
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe’s
Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights
that   the   elections    were     efficiently    prepared,     with
fundamental       freedoms       respected.     Regrettably,      we
also noted that there continues to be a persistently
low level of women’s participation in political life. We
urge that more concrete measures be taken to address
that troubling trend and to enhance women’s political
participation and leadership in the country.
     Guyana notes the positive developments, notably
the  March     2024     decision    of  the   European      Council
to   open    accession      negotiations      with    Bosnia     and
Herzegovina.       That   is  an   important     priority    for  the
citizens of the country and a critical step in their pursuit
of socioeconomic development. They each stand to
The situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina

benefit tremendously from the free flow of goods,

services and people in the region, which will no doubt
contribute to the economic growth and stability of the
country and the wider Balkan region.
We encourage continued collaboration to achieve
that goal, as agreed by the two entities — the Federation
of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska.
In that vein, we welcome today’s unanimous
adoption of resolution 2757 (2024). The resolution
renewed the authorization of the European Union
military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which
continues to play an important stabilizing role in the
country and region.
While noting the positive developments, we remain
concerned about the reported continued divisive
rhetoric that threatens the political stability and,
ultimately, the security of the country. Guyana urges
the political leaders to prioritize the interests of all
citizens and underscores the importance of upholding
the provisions of the Dayton Peace Agreement. We
further encourage all relevant stakeholders to act in
accordance with those provisions.
The report of the Office of the High Representative
highlights the inequalities faced by women,
particularly in the labour market and in the education
and political sectors. We believe that the inclusion
and participation of women in all sectors and at
the highest levels significantly contributes to the
development of a country. Their perspectives can lead
to sustainable solutions, notably in building peace
and resolving conflict. In that regard, we welcome the
implementation of the women and peace and security
agenda by local ministries and relevant authorities
with the support of the Peacebuilding Fund. We also
commend the implementation of programmes geared
towards the empowerment of youth. Sustainable peace
cannot be achieved unless all members of a society are
empowered to participate in peacebuilding and conflict
prevention efforts.
In conclusion, Guyana reaffirms its commitment
to the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina and reiterates
its call to all actors, at all levels, to continue their
efforts to ensure that the peace and security of Bosnia
and Herzegovina is achieved with full respect for
its sovereignty.

representative: Mr. Kelley
country: United States of America
statement: We very
much look forward to working with you, Madam
President, during your Security Council presidency. I
would also like to thank Switzerland for the successful
conclusion of its presidency.
The United States welcomes the Security Council’s
reauthorization of the mandate of the European Union
(EU) military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina
(EUFOR-Althea). Bosnia and Herzegovina’s stability
is crucial to preventing regional conflict. The United
States remains committed to the principles of the
Dayton Peace Accords and the joint goal of an inclusive,
multi-ethnic, democratic, peaceful and prosperous
Bosnia and Herzegovina. Rooted in the Dayton Peace
Accords, EUFOR-Althea remains critical in supporting
the sovereignty, territorial integrity and multi-ethnic
character of Bosnia and Herzegovina. We thank the
EU for its contributions to and leadership of EUFOR-
Althea.
We have been alarmed by recent rhetoric and
actions undermining Dayton, as well as Bosnia and
Herzegovina’s stability, constitutional structure and
territorial integrity. We must continue to protect
Bosnia and Herzegovina’s State-level institutions from
actors who seek to weaken them. Threats of secession,
unilateral withdrawal and the establishment of parallel
institutions are dangerous and unacceptable. They
distract from the important electoral, economic and
rule of law reforms under way.
Bosnia and Herzegovina faces additional challenges,
including stagnation and rampant corruption. We
urge local authorities to set aside personal and
divide agendas in order to focus on issues of mutual
concern. Corruption only exacerbates the challenge of
e-thno-nationalism. The High Representative for Bosnia
and Herzegovina plays a crucial role in strengthening
institutions and promoting reforms as central to the
security of all citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
regardless of ethnicity. The United States fully supports
High Representative Christian Schmidt in his ability to
exercise all necessary authority, including the Bonn
powers, until the 5+2 agenda has been fulfilled. We
also fully support Bosnia and Herzegovina’s path to
EU membership. The Bonn powers complement the EU
accession process and facilitate reform efforts along the
EU path. The United States will continue to use all tools
in its toolbox, including sanctions, to push back against
those who seek to undermine the Dayton Agreement,
and we encourage others to do the same.
In conclusion, now as ever, the United States supports Bosnia and Herzegovina as it works to secure the future that all its citizens deserve. Every member of the Council should support Bosnia and Herzegovina in achieving the same.

representative: Mr. Sangjin Kim
country: Republic of Korea
statement: I also join others in commending Switzerland on its excellent leadership of the Security Council last month and congratulate the United Kingdom on assuming the presidency for the month of November. We promise you, Madam President, our full support.
My delegation welcomes Mr. Denis Bećirović, Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and the participation of the delegations of the European Union, Serbia and Croatia at today’s meeting. We also welcome the renewal of the authorization of the European Union (EU) Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR-Althea). It has proven to be vital in maintaining stability in the region and will continue to receive our support.
As the thirtieth anniversary of the Dayton Peace Agreement approaches, Bosnia and Herzegovina has made many positive strides thanks to that historic accord and the efforts of its people to honour the spirit of reconciliation that was forged in 1995. The revised electoral laws put into practice for the first time in last month’s local elections are just one example of the developments achieved. After Bosnia and Herzegovina was granted status EU candidate status in December 2022, the European Union decided to initiate accession negotiations with the country last March. Indeed, it is a welcome development and a milestone in its history, but disruptive forces still remain a threat to Bosnia and Herzegovina’s unity. In order to justify the EU’s faith in the region’s progress, it must continue the positive steps it has taken and reinforce the political and economic reforms that it has put into place to date.
With that in mind, we would like to focus on a few key points.
First, we reiterate our support for the sovereignty and territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. That is the bedrock of the Dayton Agreement and essential to maintaining long-term peace and stability in the region. The still-fragile State institutions continue to be threatened and the authority of the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Constitutional Court to be routinely challenged if not openly defied. Such actions threaten not only the effectiveness of those bodies but also the full implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement. While there have been many positive developments, a number of challenges still remain, such as constitutional reform and an increase in the level of women’s political participation. We expect Bosnia and Herzegovina to continue to expedite the required political and economic reforms towards a peaceful and prosperous future.
Secondly, for national unity to prevail in the country, it is vital that all parties move in unison towards the common goal of implementing the Dayton Peace Agreement. While we are well aware that for many the trauma of the recent past remains a present-day reality, there is no other way forward than through dialogue, compromise and reconciliation. We appeal to all parties to avoid all actions and rhetoric that contradict the statehood, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina and to advance their sincere efforts to chart a positive future. Inflammatory political speech and the denial of past atrocities must be condemned and marginalized by those in positions of authority.
Thirdly, we would like to reiterate our support for the mandate of EUFOR-Althea. We also support the valuable efforts of the High Representative to ensure the implementation of the Dayton Peace Agreement and lay the groundwork for a strong democracy.
In conclusion, the Republic of Korea urges all parties to focus on working towards a positive future that will benefit every citizen and endow future generations with a peaceful and prosperous Bosnia and Herzegovina.

representative: Ms. Gatt
country: Malta
statement: I would like to begin by congratulating you, Madam President, on assuming the presidency of the Security Council and I thank Switzerland for steering our work in October. I welcome the Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the meeting and look forward to listening to his assessment.
At the outset, Malta welcomes the renewal of the mandate of the European Union (EU) Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR-Althea), and we thank France for its efforts as penholder to ensure a smooth process. We recognize the importance of EUFOR-Althea and its role in maintaining a safe and secure environment in Bosnia and Herzegovina. We remain fully committed to its presence in the country and support the work it carries out. We also welcome the peaceful atmosphere in which the recent local
elections were held and commend the efficient run-up

to the elections, as well as the extensive participation
from across the political spectrum. Unfortunately,
women remain underrepresented in public and political
life. Malta also positively notes the sustained overall
stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina during recent
months and the consistently calm security situation in
the country. However, Malta remains concerned about
the lack of progress in relation to the political situation.
Secessionist rhetoric and actions are still rife and pose
serious obstacles to economic and social development,
and also put the stable but fragile security situation
at risk.
      We are deeply concerned about any legislative
initiatives that run counter to the constitutional order
of the country and its path towards EU membership
and we call for restraint in adopting and implementing
such measures. In that context, we reiterate our call on
all members of the country’s leadership to refrain from
nationalistic and inflammatory rhetoric and divisive
actions, as they would seriously threaten peace and
stability in the country and potentially in the wider
region. We reiterate our position on the importance of
sustained stability in the Western Balkans, which is
interlinked with the overall prosperity of the region.
      Malta strongly believes that Bosnia and
Herzegovina’s future lies within the EU and will
continue to support its commitment towards achieving
its goal of EU membership. That is a unifying factor
among both the citizens and political class of the country,
and all efforts should be directed towards reaching that
objective. We encourage the implementation of the
necessary reforms and the strengthening of the country’s
constitutional, electoral and judicial frameworks,
which will ensure meaningful progress towards EU
accession. Those reforms must adhere to the principles
of inclusivity and the rule of law. Ensuring the adequate
representation of women in all Government institutions
and fostering an inclusive public administration are
paramount. However, the absence of common ground
at the political level is hampering the implementation
of crucial reforms and risks culminating in a political
crisis that could potentially destabilize the situation in
the country and the region. We strongly encourage all
parties to work together to enact coherent legislation
through coordinated institutions. That is the only way
to achieve meaningful reforms and address future
challenges. A genuine commitment from all parties to
reconciliation and building stronger cohesion is urgently
needed. All parties should strive for compromise
solutions that are beneficial for all citizens of Bosnia
and Herzegovina, regardless of ethnicity. That calls
for a commitment to confidence-building measures
that are aimed at boosting mutual understanding and
fostering increased cooperation.
     Malta reaffirms its unwavering support for the
Dayton Peace Agreement. Next year will mark 30
years since the signing of the Agreement. We urge
all parties within Bosnia and Herzegovina to fully
and scrupulously respect and uphold the principles
enshrined within it, including the power-sharing
framework, and work in a constructive manner within
the agreed parameters. We also reiterate our support
for the mission and mandate of the High Representative
for Bosnia and Herzegovina and his Office and its
role in overseeing the implementation of the Dayton
Peace Agreement.
     Finally, I would like to express Malta’s continued
strong support for Bosnia and Herzegovina’s unity
and territorial integrity. We also urge for political
responsibility and sensible leadership in the country
with a view to achieving cooperation based on respect
for all members of society and with a clear view towards
EU accession. Serious efforts are needed to engage in
a constructive and inclusive dialogue that guarantees
peaceful coexistence and a prospective and prosperous
future for all citizens in the region.

representative: Mr. George
country: Sierra Leone
statement: I thank you, Madam
President, for convening this debate, and congratulate
the United Kingdom on assuming the presidency of the
Security Council for the month of November. I assure
you of Sierra Leone’s full support. I also congratulate the
delegation of Switzerland for its successful presidency
during the month of October. I welcome the participation
in this meeting of the delegations of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Serbia, Croatia and the European Union
(EU).
     Sierra Leone takes this opportunity to express its
sympathy for the loss of lives and property as a result of
the flooding and landslides in five central municipalities
of Bosnia and Herzegovina in early October. As the
impacts of climate change heighten, it is imperative that
we curtail human activities that threaten our collective
well-being and a stable and sustainable future.
     We welcome the adoption of resolution 2757 (2024),
which renews the authorization of the European Union
Military Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, whose
presence is critical to sustaining stabilization efforts

in   Bosnia    and    Herzegovina,      and    we   are   optimistic
that    today’s    vote    is   indicative     of   the    Council’s
determination       to  ensure    the   continued     security    and
safety of the region. Our delegation notes the detailed
report for the period 16 April to 15 October submitted
by   Mr.   Christian     Schmidt,      High    Representative      for
Bosnia     and     Herzegovina,        through     the    Secretary-
General. We commend the High Representative for the
progress achieved during that period. We recognize the
importance of his efforts, particularly with regard to the
successful conduct of elections and the vital impact of
the reform elements introduced, ensuring compliance
with transparency and integrity standards, regulating
the participation of persons convicted of crimes under
international criminal law, the use of technology, and the
curbing of divisive and hateful campaign rhetoric.
      The significance of building trust in the electoral
system    — and by extension in the Office of the High
Representative — cannot be overemphasized. Moreover,
the successful local elections demonstrated that with
coordination       and    cooperation       among      Bosnia     and
Herzegovina’s       stakeholders,      much    can    be   achieved.
We    therefore     reaffirm    our   support     for  Bosnia     and
Herzegovina’s territorial integrity and its internationally
recognized borders and strongly condemn all actions
that seek to undermine not only the current governance
structure but also the progress made in the implementation
of the existing peace agreement and adherence with
conditions for EU integration.
      Sierra Leone is mindful , however, that the efforts of
the High Representative and some arms of Government
are   being    impaired     by   certain    actors,   leading    to   a
stagnation in the EU accession process and a lag in
the implementation of the 5+2 agenda, which has had
a cascading effect on other avenues for Bosnia and
Herzegovina’s advancement, including agreement on the
draft reform agenda. It is unfortunate that Bosnia and
Herzegovina missed the opportunity to benefit from the
growth plan for the Western Balkans, which would have
stimulated the country’s decelerating economic growth.
      In   the   light   of   everything      I  just    mentioned,
first, Sierra Leone renews its call in this Chamber
for   collaborative      leadership,     strong     institutions    of
Government that uphold the rule of law and protect
human rights, and national development within the
scope    of   regional    integration.     While     we   commend
the   efforts   of   the   European      Union     and    the   wider
international community, Sierra Leone is convinced that

collaboration among the leadership of the Federation
of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska
is  the   cornerstone      for   the   country’s     stability    and
development. The reports of parallel structures and
discriminatory policies being promulgated along with
secessionist     rhetoric,    particularly     in  the   Republika
Srpska, are deeply concerning. We strongly urge the
Republika Srpska authorities to cease all actions that
undermine the integrity of the unified State of Bosnia
and Herzegovina and compound any existing political
and ethnic divides. We urge that all efforts be directed
towards State-building in good faith and participation in
decision-making, with effective public administration
and good governance and in a manner that strengthens
the unity of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a whole.
     Secondly, we believe that the Constitution, as the
country’s highest legal authority, must reflect its highest
aspirations. Acknowledging Bosnia and Herzegovina’s
multi-ethnic      and    multicultural      characteristics,       we
call  for  the   rule   of   law   to  be   upheld    and    for  the
protection of the full and equal rights of all its people.
Superficial     attempts      at  reform      and    the   selective
application of judicial decisions erode the legitimacy
and effectiveness of institutions of Government, which
are the foundations of peace, justice and sustainable
development. The same holds true for the Constitutional
Court, concerning which we call for full representation
in the appointment of judges, including international
judges, whose wealth of knowledge and experience
can contribute richly towards advancing Bosnia and
Herzegovina’s jurisprudence.
     Thirdly    and    lastly,   we   welcome       the  efforts    of
the  Presidency,      the   Council      of  Ministers      and   the
Parliamentary Assembly of Bosnia and Herzegovina
and urge that the actions of their respective entities
be   aligned    with    national     development       aspirations,
including     as   provided      for   in   the    Dayton      Peace
Agreement. It is critical that State-level institutions
receive the necessary funding and support for their
operations,     particularly      as   they    relate    to   public
infrastructure,      utility   and    service    delivery.    Sierra
Leone is hopeful that the upcoming review of the
country’s accession status into the European Union,
with a view to advancing the negotiations, presents
an opportunity for the authorities of the Federation of
Bosnia and Herzegovina and the Republika Srpska to
renew their commitment towards taking the necessary
steps for integration into the EU and to refrain from
inflexible positions during negotiations.
In conclusion, Sierra Leone commends the efforts
of the Peacebuilding Fund in advancing the women
and peace and security and the youth and peace and
security agendas and welcomes the operationalization
of the Peacebuilding Steering Committee to sustain
peacebuilding initiatives in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
We commend the dedication of the European Union and
the international community towards the stabilization
of  Bosnia and Herzegovina and continue to urge
constructive cooperation in the best interests of all
its people.

representative: Mr. Geng Shuang (spoke in Chinese)
country: China
statement: I would like to start by congratulating the United Kingdom on assuming the presidency of the Security Council for the month of November and to assure you, Madam President, and your colleagues of the Chinese delegation’s full support. I also congratulate Switzerland on its successful conclusion of the presidency last month. I welcome His Excellency Denis Bećirović, Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the representatives of Serbia, Croatia, and the European Union, at today’s meeting.
An important country in the Balkans region, Bosnia and Herzegovina has been ravaged by war, and its people yearn for peace and tranquillity. Inclusive reconciliation and harmonious coexistence among all ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina will help the country maintain peace and stability, achieve sustainable social and economic development and accelerate its integration in the European Union, meeting the shared expectations of countries in the region and the international community.
China welcomes the smooth conduct of the recent local elections in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which showcased inclusiveness and restraint among all ethnic groups, thereby creating a positive and favourable atmosphere for next year’s general elections. At the same time, we note with concern that, for some time now, Bosnia and Herzegovina has been marked by occasional words and deeds that aggravate ethnic rivalries and undermine national unity, the national reconciliation process has encountered serious challenges and political divisions have become ever more glaring, rendering the situation ever more complex. We call on all ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina to actively engage in dialogue, enhance mutual trust and work together to maintain the country’s political and social stability, with a view to promoting national development and people’s well-being. We call on the international community to adopt a fair, balanced and prudent approach on the question of Bosnia and Herzegovina, fully heed the views and concerns of the three communities in the country and refrain from taking sides, imposing solutions, interfering in its internal affairs or even imposing unilateral sanctions.
China’s position on the High Representative system and the appointment of the High Representative remains unchanged. We are concerned about the controversies that have arisen in recent years over the appointment of the High Representative and the use of the Bonn powers. Since the beginning of this year, Mr. Christian Schmidt has frequently used the Bonn powers to amend the laws of Bosnia and Herzegovina, giving rise to tensions and divisions within the country, as well as controversies. I would like to reiterate that the affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina should ultimately be decided and managed by the people of the country themselves. Both the High Representative system and the Bonn powers are special arrangements for a special era. As such, they cannot be considered long-term, let alone permanent.
China’s position on the question of Bosnia and Herzegovina is consistent and clear. We respect the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the independent choice of its people for the future of the country. We encourage all ethnic communities to actively engage in constructive dialogue and work towards national inclusiveness and reconciliation. We continue to hope that all parties will put the interest of the country and the people first and work together to maintain the political stability of the country.
China appreciates the constructive roles played by Serbia, Croatia and other countries in the region in maintaining the security and stability of Bosnia and Herzegovina and welcomes the renewal of the mandate of the European Union military operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. China will remain committed to developing friendly relations with the people of all ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina and to playing a constructive role in maintaining peace and stability in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the region.

representative: Mr. Koudri (spoke in Arabic)
country: Algeria
statement: At the outset, I would like to congratulate you, Madam President, on your assumption of the presidency of the Council for this month and assure you of the full support of the delegation of Algeria. I also congratulate Switzerland on its successful presidency of the Council.
during the past month. I welcome as well the presence
at this meeting of Mr. Denis Bećirović, Chairman
of the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina,
and the representatives of Serbia, Croatia and the
European Union.
      I would like first and foremost to emphasize
Algeria’s clear and consistent position on the situation
in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is based on respect
for the country’s sovereignty, independence and
territorial integrity, in accordance with the purposes
and principles of the Charter of the United Nations and
international law.
      We also welcome the unanimous adoption by the
Council of resolution 2757 (2024), which renews the
authorization for the European Union military operation
in Bosnia and Herzegovina for a period of 12 months.
      We express our satisfaction with regard to the
holding of local elections on 6 October, despite the
challenges faced by Bosnia and Herzegovina following
the catastrophic floods in the country, which resulted in
significant human and material losses. That important
democratic event for all the constituents of the
country could strengthen the participation of all in the
decision-making process. It also could enable the country
to reach an effective political landscape that would allow
it to advance along the path of stability and development.
      We are totally convinced that democracy in
Bosnia and Herzegovina will also contribute to
achieving solutions that are owned by various country
components and bring together the divergent and
sometimes conflicting points of view. In that context,
Algeria reiterates its full support for State-owned
solutions to the issues the country is facing. At the
same time, Algeria calls for refraining from any actions
or behaviours that could jeopardize the progress made
by Bosnia and Herzegovina as a country in which
Bosnians, Croatians and Serbians live side by side in
harmony and under sovereign, unified institutions.
      My delegation would like to focus on the
following points.
      First, Algeria considers the Dayton Peace
Agreement the only consensual basis containing
provisions vital to Bosnia and Herzegovina. We call on
everyone to respect its letter and spirit and adhere to its
provisions with a view to bringing the country to safety.
      Secondly, it is natural for various political actors in
the country to have different opinions and assessments,
but those differences and political tensions should not
deviate from the path of democracy or threaten the
unity of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
      Thirdly and lastly, it is clear that political divisions
and differences of opinion among the country’s
stakeholders could prolong the current phase and delay
the process of reconciliation and progress that everyone
aspires to.
      Therefore, it is important for everyone to be guided
by a constructive and inclusive dialogue and to take
into account the different points of view to enrich the
fruitful discussion and not to choose discrimination and
self-absorption which often lead to political deadlock.
Only through constructive and good-faith dialogue, as
well as inclusive and genuine negotiations, will it be
possible to overcome political differences and bridge
the gap among the divergent views in order to move
forward towards a better future.

representative: Mr. Fernandes
country: Mozambique
statement: We wish to extend
our warmest congratulations to the United Kingdom
on assuming the presidency of the Security Council
for the month of November. We pledge our full support
and cooperation. We also commend Switzerland for
its exemplary stewardship of the Council during its
October presidency.
      We acknowledge the presence of His Excellency
Mr. Denis Bećirović, Chairman of the Presidency of
Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as the representatives
of Serbia and Croatia in this meeting.
      At the outset, Mozambique expresses its profound
condolences regarding the recent loss of life in Bosnia
and Herzegovina and extends its sympathies to those
affected by the disappearance of people and by the
devastation of the damage caused to infrastructure
by floods and landslides in the central and southern
regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
      We note with great concern the inflammatory
rhetoric by leaders across the political spectrum that
risks exacerbating tensions and potentially catalysing
the escalation of inter-ethnic violence. This development
serves as a sobering reminder that maintaining peace is
an ongoing effort that requires constant vigilance and
unwavering commitment.
      We are of the view that the current situation
requires continued collaborative action at the local,
national and international levels to overcome the
challenges emanating from the country’s complex
historical legacy, diverse demographic composition and

current political landscape. We commend the dialogue
for peace session’s approach of extending beyond urban
centres and actively involving all citizens, particularly
women and youth, as doing so constitutes an essential
foundation for sustainable peace. Their perspectives
and contributions are invaluable in forging more
inclusive and enduring solutions.
     The General Framework Agreement for Peace in
Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as the Dayton
Accords, marked a crucial and decisive milestone
in ending the conflict in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
However, we emphasize that true peace extends beyond
legal agreements, requiring the cultivation of a culture
of peace and tolerance, bridging ethnic divisions and
embedding those principles in the fabric of society.
While legal frameworks can set the stage, it is social
cohesion that sustains lasting harmony. It is in that
regard that we wish to echo the voices of Council
members in congratulating Bosnia and Herzegovina
for the successful conduct of its local elections. That
constitutes a milestone for reconciliation and stability.
     While recognizing that there remain persistent
challenges to ensuring that justice and reconciliation
materialize fully, we welcome the parties’ current
engagement in diligent and constructive dialogue
towards achieving comprehensive peace and
reconciliation. Community ownership of the
reconciliation process is critical for genuine healing,
mutual understanding, integration and harmony within
diversity. We underscore that sustained support from the
international community remains essential to fostering
peace, multi-ethnic coexistence and sustainable and
inclusive development in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Building such a society demands consistent dedication
from all parties’ stakeholders.

representative: Mr. Mikanagi
country: Japan
statement: At the outset, I would
like to join other Council members in expressing our
heartfelt appreciation and congratulations to the Swiss
delegation for its dedicated and successful work during
a challenging month of October. I also would like to
congratulate the United Kingdom for its successful
assumption of the presidency in November. Japan
assures the delegation of the United Kingdom of its
full support.
     We are pleased that the Security Council has once
again unanimously adopted the resolution to authorize
the European Union Military Operation in Bosnia and
Herzegovina (EUFOR-Althea) (resolution 2757 (2024),
and that in doing so the Council has sent a clear
message in support of the mission’s important role
in maintaining peace and security in Bosnia and
Herzegovina under the Dayton Peace Agreement. We
also thank all contributing States for their commitment
to that essential mission.
     I also welcome the representatives of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia and the European Union
(EU) to this meeting.
     As a member of the Peace Implementation Council,
Japan has worked with Bosnia and Herzegovina to
achieve post-conflict development and maintain peace
and stability. In terms of specific projects, Japan has
provided assistance in a wide range of fields, including
anti-personnel mine action, medical care and health
care. Japan has maintained unwavering support for
the work of the High Representatives. We commend
the ongoing efforts by High Representative Christian
Schmidt to promote stability in the country. We
welcome the fact that, as stated in his recent report, the
local election was successfully conducted in a calm and
peaceful manner last October.
     Japan continues to support the socioeconomic
development of Bosnia and Herzegovina and its
integration into the EU. We echo the concerns indicated
in the report by the High Representative about the
escalation of separatist statements and actions by one
entity, Republika Srpska, and the undermining of
the functions of the State institutions of Bosnia and
Herzegovina and the Dayton Peace Agreement. We also
perceive the lack of progress, both on implementing the
5+2 agenda and on making adequate reforms towards
EU integration. Japan strongly urges all political
parties and the people of Bosnia and Herzegovina to
engage in constructive dialogue to implement the
Dayton Peace Agreement; unite to build the nation,
upholding democracy, human rights and the rule of law;
and accelerate the EU accession process. That message
from Japan has been consistent and sent directly to the
leaders in Bosnia and Herzegovina.
     Japan has contributed to nation-building and
national reconciliation efforts since the end of the war
in Bosnia and Herzegovina. As one of the top donors to
the Peacebuilding Fund (PBF), we take this opportunity
to welcome the steady progress of the PBF’s projects,
which aim to promote mutual understanding while
advancing the women and peace and security agenda
and the youth, peace and security agenda and combating

historical revisionism. We strongly support all actions
that help the efforts of people on the ground.
     Japan once again expresses its strong commitment
to working with Bosnia and Herzegovina on the path to
peace, stability and prosperity, both for itself and for
the Western Balkans as a whole.

representative: Mr. Nebenzia (spoke in Russian)
country: Russian Federation
statement: Let me begin by congratulating the United
Kingdom on assuming the presidency of the Security
Council, I wish it every success in November. And allow
me to thank Switzerland for its presidency in October.
     We would like to express our condolences to Bosnia
and Herzegovina in connection with those who died in
the natural disaster that has befallen them, resulting
in the loss of life. We would also like to express our
condolences to Serbia in relation to today’s tragic events
in Novi Sad. National mourning has been declared in
Serbia for tomorrow.
     We     supported      the   adoption     of   the    resolution
extending the mandate of the European Union Military
Operation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (EUFOR-Althea)
for a further 12-month period (resolution 2757 (2024).
We    start   from    the   assumption      that   that   Operation
EUFOR-Althea is not a participant in internal Bosnian
processes. The European forces should not interfere in
the political affairs of a sovereign State, and they must
carry out the tasks entrusted to them by the international
community in such a manner so as not to inflict harm
on the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina and not to
provoke an exacerbation of the situation.
     The Security Council, which has the situation in
Bosnia and Herzegovina in its purview under Chapter
VII of the Charter of the United Nations, is considering
it now for the third time in a year. That speaks to the
pressing state of affairs on the ground vis-à-vis the
mandate of the Security Council. Despite the absence
at present of direct threats to peace and security in the
country, the destructive situation fomented by Western
actors    around     the   General      Framework       Agreement
for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina, also known as
the Dayton Accords, has a great deal of destabilizing
potential that could lead to the escalation of inter-ethnic
strife and could disrupt the fragile stability in the Balkans.

     We have repeatedly drawn the attention of Security
Council     members        to  the    erosion    of   key    Dayton
principles ensuring the equality of the three constituent
peoples and the two entities, Republika Srpska and
the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with broad
constitutional powers. Those actions, including those
inspired from outside, have undermined the role of
the presidency in the country as the supreme voice
of the consensus position of the multi-ethnic Bosnia-
Herzegovinian        society   on   key    issues   for   the  State.
They     have    formed      a   parallel,    extraconstitutional,
unlawful and anti-democratic scheme for the adoption
and implementation of decisions on behalf of Bosnia
and Herzegovina by representatives of only one of
the   peoples.    This    flagrant    violation    of  the   Dayton
Agreement is taking place at the behest of Western
countries, which consider themselves the guarantors of
the 1995 peace agreement, endorsed by resolution 1031
(1995).
     The     most     glaring    example      was     the   General
Assembly’s       consideration,      on    23   May     (see   A/78/
PV.82), of the flawed text of resolution 78/282, on the
International Day of Reflection and Commemoration of
the 1995 Genocide in Srebrenica. The resolution was
not supported by even half of the population of Bosnia
and Herzegovina or by half of the United Nations
Member States. As we said during the Security Council
meeting on 15 May (see S/PV.9626), the draft resolution
would not provide any reconciliation to the country and
cannot do so, even in principle. The main thing — the
consensus of the country’s peoples             — is missing, not
to  mention      the  legal   inadequacy       of  that   initiative.
However, that did not stop the Western guardians,
led by Germany, from trying to push through their
provocative draft in the General Assembly at any cost.
     The motives behind those attempts to undermine
Dayton through fait accompli policies are well-known.
That is being done in order to centralize Bosnia and
Herzegovina       and   turn   it  into   a  unitary    State   fully
controlled by the West. The postulates endorsed by the
Security Council are being replaced by NATO values,
which are cunningly being presented as a panacea for
all problems. It is unbecoming, and it is ridiculous to
hear this sort of thing from NATO countries after the
havoc they wreaked in the Balkans in 1995 and 1999,
dropping depleted uranium bombs on civilians and
civilian objects. Of course, they are doing all they can
to conceal those facts. That is evidenced by the fact
that in March they twice put to a vote Russia’s request
for   a  Security      Council     meeting      to  commemorate
the   twenty-fifth     anniversary      of  NATO’s       aggression
against Yugoslavia.
All these feverish actions by Western countries have nothing to do with the interests of the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The preliminary results of the 6 October municipal elections indicate that the overwhelming majority of the country’s citizens fully support the Dayton system for ensuring their national interests, which is the cornerstone of the architecture of regional and European security. The international community has no right to ignore that sovereign choice. We call on our colleagues in the Security Council to support it as well.
On the other hand, if anything does need changing, it is the Office of the High Representative for the Implementation of the Peace Agreement on Bosnia and Herzegovina, which is a relic of the past. Not only is the Office failing to facilitate independent dialogue among the three peoples, but — through its totally inappropriate interference in the internal affairs of independent Bosnia and Herzegovina — it is also inflicting colossal damage to the process of post-conflict settlement, wiping out all progress made by the international community to that end. The Office has long exhausted its functions and has become an instrument of colonial policies. It must therefore be shut down as soon as possible. It is no surprise that criticism of the so-called High Representative has been growing recently, even in the sectors of Bosnian society that previously, with the permissiveness of Western countries, saw him as a conduit for their interests. Council members need to send a clear message that the Office’s stance is categorically unacceptable and that there is no alternative to intra-Bosnian dialogue. There can be no doubt that the future of the country’s peoples is exclusively in their own hands.
In that connection, we also propose a critical approach to the biased and one-sided assessments of the situation in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Office of the High Representative and German citizen Mr. Schmidt, who usurped the post of the High Representative. The pseudo-High Representative’s detachment from reality is evident in his so-called “report”, solely aimed at creating a false impression about the state of affairs in Bosnia and Herzegovina in order to shift responsibility for the crisis onto those who are actually defending the Dayton principles. A simple and sober analysis suffices to understand the real picture, including the fact that there are no threats emanating from Republika Srpska. What deserves the Council’s attention is the anti-democratic measures being taken against political opponents, who, for more than a year now have been facing a blatantly fabricated trial on completely absurd charges. I will not even talk here about the imposition by the United States and the United Kingdom of unlawful unilateral sanctions against the leadership of Republika Srpska in order to exert political pressure on them. The absurd nature of those steps is obvious. A primer for Security Council members could be the material prepared by the Government of Republika Srpska, containing objective information on the situation on the ground, which we circulated yesterday in the Council.
Next year, the Dayton Peace Agreement will mark its thirtieth anniversary. At this important milestone, it is essential that the priorities of the international community in the Bosnia and Herzegovina remain the comprehensive strengthening of the Dayton architecture, promoting the principles of equal rights for the three constituent peoples and the two entities, getting rid of the Office of the High Representative and ensuring that the peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina have the right to independent development.
For its part, Russia, as one of the guarantor States of 1995 Dayton Peace Agreement, stands ready for constructive cooperation in order to ensure a genuine post-conflict settlement in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

representative: Mr. Mart
country: Serbia
statement: I congratulate you, Madam President, and the United Kingdom on assuming the presidency of the Council for the month of November. I would also like to thank Switzerland for its presidency of the Council in the month of October.

The stability of the region and overall cooperation with neighbours are among Serbia’s key foreign policy priorities. In that regard, my country attaches special attention to planning and implementing the common projects through which we seek to build a true perspective for a better future. In terms of cooperation, Bosnia and Herzegovina is among Serbia’s most valuable partners.

The Dayton Peace Agreement is of exceptional and lasting importance. It is the foundation on which everything has been achieved in Bosnia and Herzegovina to date. It is also the lasting basis on which to build peace and stability and the starting point of efforts to reach the goal of genuine reconciliation and mutual understanding. However, reconciliation requires focus and application rather than voices and messages reminiscent of the past. Regrettably, the objectives to which we once signed up serve only to multiply problems between Bosnia and Herzegovina’s entities and among its constituent peoples, and needless to say they also affect the political atmosphere in the region. Unilateral acts often taken by certain political actors in Bosnia and Herzegovina and the lack of effort on their part to achieve prior consensus and wider regional agreement on important issues that may be contentious are dangerous practices that lead to new divisions and widen the split among the constituent peoples of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Serbia is committed to overall cooperation with Bosnia and Herzegovina and with its entities. Cooperation and activities leading to reconciliation should always be borne in mind by all politicians in the region at all levels of Government. That is the only way forward towards achieving the progress expected by all of us in the region. Special mention in that context should be made of my country’s continued and consistent respect for the principles of the territorial integrity and sovereignty of States. Respect for those principles and our mutual respect are of lasting value in relations between neighbours, and Serbia unreservedly supports the territorial integrity of Bosnia and Herzegovina and the stability of that country.

We consider that dialogue and agreement on the ongoing and long-standing issues on which there exist differences between Bosnia and Herzegovina’s entities and among its constituent peoples are the best way to ensure their solution. However, disregard for the principle of consensus and the selective use of the country’s common institutions do not help to build confidence between those entities and among those peoples. Practice has shown that progress in overcoming differences is achievable only if solutions are acceptable, and therefore implementable. By the same token, that is also the right way to achieve progress in the process of building mutual confidence in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

My country believes that it is in Bosnia and Herzegovina’s best interests for all its laws to be in accordance with the Constitution of Bosnia and Herzegovina as part of the Dayton Peace Agreement. At the same time, we support a genuine and open dialogue within Bosnia and Herzegovina, and we are convinced that it is possible to create conditions for reaching an agreement and solutions that are acceptable for all. The policy of taking one-sided acts that are fraught with negative messages and attempts to impose positions and create divisions and problems is not a part of the quest to respond to the lasting interests of all Bosnia and Herzegovina’s citizens. Serbia is committed to genuine reconciliation in Bosnia and Herzegovina, to which it has made, and continues to make, a visible contribution through its responsible policy and its consistent respect for the Dayton Peace Agreement.
As a country whose membership of the European
Union is one of its foreign policy priorities, Serbia
supports Bosnia and Herzegovina along its path towards
European Union membership and salutes each and every
success it achieves in the process of European integration.
We recommit to sharing experiences and assistance
on that path. To that end, we stand ready to develop
ever-more comprehensive cooperation — in particular
economic cooperation — with our neighbour Bosnia and
Herzegovina, in all areas of interest to the two countries.
Especially important in that respect is the modernization
of road and rail corridors. Large infrastructure projects,
such as the Belgrade to Sarajevo motorway, are open to
participation by third countries as well.
We also believe that there is room for the promotion
of our overall relations in all areas of common interest.
My country supports the development of relations with
Bosnia and Herzegovina, just as it supports its territorial
integrity. We consider, however, that the provisions of
the Dayton Peace Agreement should be fully honoured
and the interests of Republika Srpska respected. After
all, those are the basic conditions for stability in Bosnia
and Herzegovina and the region as a whole.
Before I conclude, allow me to say a few words in
the light of some of the hallucinatory remarks made by
one of the speakers who preceded me.
First, the initiation and adoption in May of General
Assembly resolution 78/282, entitled “International Day
of Reflection and Commemoration of the 1995 Genocide
in Srebrenica”, was a dry run for consensus disregard
at the country level in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It
was a rejection of dialogue and a selective use of the
common institutions of that country. The initiative,
which was embarked upon unilaterally by one Bosniak
side, without internal consensus in Bosnia and
Herzegovina and contrary to its Constitution and laws
as well as the Dayton Peace Agreement, was — as we
witnessed — harmful to the process of reconciliation,
confidence-building and prosperity and set that process
back considerably. I recall that all of Serbia’s efforts are
aimed at achieving consensus and meaningful results,
namely, showing respect, remembering the victims and
ensuring that horrendous crimes are never repeated and
that efforts are continued in the places where crimes
were committed in order to bring about reconciliation
and build a common future.
Secondly, as has been the case so far, it is Serbia’s
undisguised intention to develop transparent relations
with Republika Srpska under the Dayton Peace
Agreement. The cooperation, as defined by the Agreement
on Special Parallel Relations between the Republic of
Serbia and Republika Srpska, is aimed at promoting the
social, democratic and economic development of Serbia
and Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina as a
whole and our region. The All-Serbian Sabor that was
held in Belgrade on 8 June should be understood and
construed accordingly.

representative: Mr. Šimonović
country: Croatia
statement: Allow me to congratulate
you, Madam President, on assuming the presidency of
the Security Council for the month of November. I also
welcome the Chairman of the Presidency of Bosnia and
Herzegovina, Mr. Bećirović.
I take this opportunity to express my condolences
to, and solidarity with, Bosnia and Herzegovina as it
overcomes the consequences of the recent flood.
First of all, we would like to welcome the extension
of the European Union Military Operation in Bosnia
and Herzegovina, since it still has an important role
in supporting stability and security in Bosnia and
Herzegovina. We thank the High Representative for
Bosnia and Herzegovina for the sixty-sixth report,
and we take note of his assessment that local elections
were successfully conducted without serious incidents.
We regret that, during the reporting period, there was
no major progress in the area of European integration,
especially bearing in mind that Bosnia and Herzegovina
had implemented a number of important reforms in
the previous period. We hope that, following the local
elections, the country will refocus on its reform and
European agenda. We sincerely believe that European
integration offers the best development opportunity for
Bosnia and Herzegovina and its citizens.
We fully agree with the conclusion of the High
Representative that the General Framework Agreement
for Peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina and European
integration are complementary and mutually reinforcing.
While Bosnia and Herzegovina will need to undergo
substantial transformation to become a successful
European Union (EU) member State, the Dayton Peace
Agreement remains a cornerstone of its constitutional
order and political stability. Any in-depth changes to
that will require appropriate democratic legitimization
and the support of all three constituent peoples of Bosnia
and Herzegovina.
Work on constitutional and electoral reform should
be continued and completed as a matter of priority. We
are convinced that only full respect for the principles of
equality among constituent peoples and all citizens’ right
to non-discrimination can bring about lasting political
stability to Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Croatia, as its immediate EU neighbour, looks
forward to the next steps by Bosnia and Herzegovina
on its path to the European Union. Croatia and Bosnia
and Herzegovina have jointly established a strong
European partnership aimed at strengthening Bosnia
and Herzegovina’s administrative capacities, thereby
ensuring a coherent, steadfast and successful process of
accession negotiations, as well as an irreversible path to
full membership of the European Union.

representative: Mr. Lagumdžija
country: Bosnia and Herzegovina
statement: For the record, I am not commenting on the Serbian
representative’s brutal, unacceptable and untruthful
attacks and accusations against President Bećirović and
the sovereignty and territorial integrity of the State of
Bosnia and Herzegovina. But I would like to underline a
few facts as a quick response to some of the points, one
again relating to the denial of the Srebrenica genocide
and another to the declaration adopted by the All-
Serb Assembly.
He mentioned the future that we would create if
we worked together on reconciliation, the protection of
human rights and upholding international law. There
appears to be selective amnesia about the activities of
the same Serbia just few months ago. They were in the
forefront of the shameful campaign demonizing the
resolution calling for an international day for the victims
of the Srebrenica genocide (General Assembly resolution
78/282). The judgement of the International Court of
Justice was based on the very same international law
that the Serbian defence once bluntly denied, when
the victims of the Serbian genocide were belittled and
denied by the institutional machinery employed in denial
of legally established facts, with the aim of scaring the
international community about new conflicts in the
Balkans. They should never forget that never again will
their flagrant disregard for international law — and
not just on that occasion — speak as loudly as their
commitment to upholding it. The Republic of Serbia is
the only State in history to have violated the Convention
on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of
Genocide, and they have limited historical, political,
moral or civilized leeway to preach to others about that
particular aspect.
With regard to the declaration, I just want to say, for
record, that I have here the declaration that we are talking
about. I warmly suggest to our colleagues from Serbia
that they might circulate it so that everyone can see just
how clear the violation of the Dayton Peace Accord is. I
will not repeat the words of President Bećirović, but it is
very clear that this represents the road map to the project
for a greater Serbia of the previous century, whose main
authors in that attempt three decades ago were sentenced
for war crimes at the International Tribunal for the Former
Yugoslavia, including the genocide at Srebrenica. This
is the road map for the destruction of the Dayton Peace
Accord. This is the road map for the implementation of
exclusive national territories within Europe, instead of us
integrating into the European Union, by proponents, as
I said, who were already judged by international courts
established in this building and by the court of history.

representative: Mr. Mart
country: Serbia
statement: I will be very brief. I think that
the inflammatory language that we heard is disrespectful
of the Council. Serbia is oriented towards the future.
This is somebody who is using every opportunity to
attack the leadership of Serbia and using words such
Anschluss, and others. We know what that means. But it
is not good for the future of our region. I want to repeat
again that Serbia respects the territorial integrity of
Bosnia Herzegovina. We want the rights of all nations
and peoples living there to be respected, but they are not
in fact being respected. Representatives of other sides
should be representing all three nations, not just one.
That is a very dangerous thing for our future. As I said,
their inflammatory language attacking the leadership
of Serbia, completely without evidence, is completely
unacceptable. Serbia is committed. President Vučić has
been in New York four times this year to explain and
show why Serbia is dedicated to peace and stability and
why we want to work on peace and stability, because that
is the only way that can be done. We cannot go back. And
I am sorry to say, all these arguments are quite false.