yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
aardvark
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Borrowed from Afrikaans aardvark (now rare), erdvark, from aarde (“earth”, from Middle Dutch aerde) + vark (“pig”, from Middle Dutch varken). Early European colonists in South Africa noticed that the animal was similar to a pig, while aarde hints at the animal's habit of burrowing.
Base: aarde
Inflected forms:
form: aardvarks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: aard-vark
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: erdvark
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The nocturnal, insectivorous, burrowing mammal Orycteropus afer, of the order Tubulidentata and somewhat resembling a pig. Common in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa.
pos: noun
examples: The aardvark burrows in the ground and feeds mostly on termites, which it catches with its long, slimy tongue.
If ‘aardvark lover’ has that syntactic structure, then it determinately means “lover of aardvarks.
Translations:
Aaronic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English Aaron
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English Aaronic
From Aaron + -ic.
Inflected forms:
form: Aaronical
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Pertaining to Aaron (elder brother of Moses).
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Pertaining to or characteristic of a high priest; priestly.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Of or pertaining to the lower order of priests.
pos: adj
tags: Mormonism
not-comparable
Translations:
abaca
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Spanish abacá, from Tagalog abaka.
Inflected forms:
form: abacas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abacá
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: abáca
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: abaka
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: abaká
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Musa textilis, a species of banana tree native to the Philippines grown for its textile, rope- and papermaking fibre.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The fiber of this plant, used in rope, fibers, and cloth.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
aback
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From Middle English abak, from Old English onbæc, equivalent to a- (“towards”) + back. Compare West Frisian tebek (“aback”, adverb, literally “to/at back”), Swedish tillbaka (idem.).
Base: back
Affixes: a-
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Towards the back or rear; backwards.
pos: adv
tags: Geordie
archaic
not-comparable
examples: The mild, though licentious reign, of Louis the Sixteenth, threw France far aback, in her ambitious career; but it gave birth to that revolution, wherein, her warlike propensities and territorial resources were unfolded with tenfold efficacy.
Then stopped, and bounded aback, and away as if in fear, / That I saw her no more; then I wondered though sitting close anear / Was a she-wolf great and grisly.
hoyed aback o' the fire
gloss: In the rear; a distance behind.
pos: adv
tags: archaic
not-comparable
examples: There are so many canes upon Reliance that the labourers could not cut those aback, as they prefer cutting those in front. The cane fields aback were in cultivation last year.
gloss: By surprise; startled; dumbfounded. (see usage)
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: I would rather board a hundred of the enemy's frigates, than steer my boat into a fleet of modest women, for a modest woman never fails to take me aback.
gloss: Backward against the mast; said of the sails when pressed by the wind from the "wrong" (forward) side, or of a ship when its sails are set that way.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: Q. Was not the Trident at that time aback with one or more Top-sails? A. To the best of my Knowledge she had both Top-sails aback.
As the anchor fetches her up, she will swing head to wind, bringing the head sails aback.
Then the sails on the mainmast were backing and we started getting stern way. Eagle was caught aback.
Synonyms: unawares
Related words: back
Derived words: aback of
abackward
Translations:
abada
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
Etymology: From Portuguese abada (“female rhinoceros”), from Malay badak (“rhinoceros”).
Inflected forms:
form: abadas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The rhinoceros.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
gloss: A herbivorous mythological creature of the Central African Congo, similar to the unicorn. Its horns are said to be an antidote to poisons, and it has brown fur, two crooked horns and a boar's tail.
pos: noun
examples: It is certain that the unicorn is not to be confounded with the abada, about which they usually dispute; this one may see by the difference of their names, as well as by the difference of their body and parts […]
Translations:
abaft
Part of speech: prep
adv
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From Middle English obaft, baft, baften, from Old English beæftan; be (“by”) (modern English by) + æftan (“behind”) (modern English after). See also aft.
Inflected forms:
form: baft
pos: prep
tags: alternative
form: more abaft
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most abaft
pos: adv
tags: superlative
form: baft
pos: adv
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Behind; toward the stern relative to some other object or position; aft of.
pos: prep
examples: The captain stood abaft the wheelhouse.
[…] two drunken Turkes, that were in the Frigot with twelue others, discharged two Calieuers, with which they killed two Souldiours, that stood abaft our Gally.
1773, James Cook, An Account of a Voyage Around the World, Book 3, Chapter 5, in John Hawkesworth (ed.), An Account of the Voyages Undertaken by the Order of His Present Majesty: for Making Discoveries in the Southern Hemisphere, London: W. Strahan and T. Cadell, Volume 3, p. 558,
[…] we could hear the water rush in a little abaft the foremast, about three feet from the keel: this determined me to clear the hold intirely.
“[…] Read the sign up there—NO SMOKING ABAFT THE WHEEL!”
The bulkhead that separates ladies’ country from the rough characters who shave is not necessarily No. 30 but, by tradition, it is called “bulkhead thirty” in any mixed ship. […] Male officers had a lounge called the cardroom just abaft thirty.
gloss: On the aft side; in the stern.
pos: adv
examples: We drifted with the wind abaft.
The mate sleeps abaft.
The Exchange also being farther from the fire, afterward was more easily cleared, and fell off from abaft.
By clapping the sails to the mast, and lightening the ship abaft, we swayed her off with little damage.
Stubb was struck by a shower of outcries and anathemas proceeding from the Captain’s round-house abaft;
We cover our anterior nakedness with some philosophy—Christian, Marxian, Freudo-Physicalist—but abaft we remain uncovered, at the mercy of the winds of circumstance.
gloss: Backwards.
pos: adv
tags: obsolete
Related words: aft
after
astern
Translations:
abalone
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Southern Ohlone aulunbor.
Spanish abulónbor.
English abalone
From American Spanish abulón, from an indigenous language of the Monterey Bay area such as Rumsen/Southern Ohlone aūlun (“red abalone”)
Inflected forms:
form: abalones
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: avalone
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: An edible univalve mollusc of the genus Haliotis, having a shell lined with mother-of-pearl.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
Canada
Hong-Kong
Singapore
US
uncountable
usually
examples: After he had brought it close to the canoe, he looked down and saw that it was a great live abalone caught in the flesh. Its color shone out of the water. As it ascended it was so big that all the canoes seemed to come inside of it, and it shone in every one's face
gloss: The meat of the aforementioned mollusc.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
Canada
Hong-Kong
Singapore
US
uncountable
usually
Synonyms: ear shell
ormer
paua
pawa
perlemoen
Related words: paua
Derived words: ass's-ear abalone
ass's ear abalone
Australian abalone
black abalone
blacklip abablone
Chilean abalone
green abalone
northern abalone
pink abablone
pinto abalone
rainbow abalone
red abalone
ridged ear abalone
staircase abalone
variable abalone
virgin abalone
white abalone
withering abalone syndrome
Translations:
abandoned
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
Etymology: From Middle English abandoned, equivalent to abandon + -ed.
Base: abandon
Affixes: -ed
Inflected forms:
form: more abandoned
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abandoned
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Having given oneself up to vice; immoral; extremely wicked, or sinning without restraint; irreclaimably wicked.
pos: adj
examples: Such immunity to offenders offered a safe asylum to the vilest and most abandoned scoundrels.
gloss: No longer maintained by its former owners, residents, or caretakers; forsaken, deserted.
pos: adj
examples: abandoned building
abandoned property
They explored an abandoned factory on the edge of town.
[…] your abandoned streams […]
gloss: Free from constraint; uninhibited.
pos: adj
examples: Everything was dirty and shabby. There was no sign of the abandoned luxury that Colonel MacAndrew had so confidently described.
What is the same is our need for community. What seemed different was an abandoned enjoyment of life and music, a uniquely Quebec sense of joie de vivre.
gloss: No longer being acted upon by the geologic forces that formed it.
pos: adj
Synonyms: corrupt
demoralized
depraved
graceless
hardened
impetuous
impenitent
incorrigible
irreclaimable
licentious
lost
obdurate
profligate
reckless
rejected
reprobate
shameless
sinful
uninhibited
unprincipled
unrestrained
vicious
vile
wanton
wicked
wild . See also Thesaurus:evil
abandoned
derelict
desert
deserted
desolate
discarded
dropped
forlorn
forsaken
high and dry
left behind
orphaned
Antonyms: maintained
owned
possessed
unabandoned
unforsaken
Related words: cheerless
Derived words: abandoned child syndrome
abandoned habits
abandonedly
abandonedness
abandoned property
bando
nonabandoned
phantom abandoned call
self-abandoned
semiabandoned
unabandoned
Translations:
abased
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
Etymology: Etymology tree
English abase
English -ed
English abased
From abase + -ed.
Inflected forms:
form: more abased
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abased
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Humbled; lowered, especially in rank, position, or prestige.
pos: adj
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:abased.
gloss: Synonym of abaissé.
pos: adj
examples: The blazon will be - A fess abased potentée of Champagne towards the point. The peculiar potent of Champagne may be seen in Bouton, Nouveau Traité de Blason, p. 199 (Paris, 1863.)
(G) Azure 3 bells in fess, abased.
Per fess abased nebuly celeste and gules fimbriated argent throughout a pile azure between two rays in point argent bearing a sword in pale point to base of the like, grip gules, […]
Derived words: abasedly
abasedness
self-abased
unabased
Translations:
abasement
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English abaissement, from Middle French abaissement (“astonishment”). Equivalent to abase + -ment. Compare French abaissement.
Base: abase
Affixes: -ment
Inflected forms:
form: abasements
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of abasing, humbling, or bringing low.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:abasement.
gloss: The state of being abased or humbled; humiliation or degradation; a feeling of having been reduced in dignity, reputation, stature, self-esteem or respect.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: After his actions, my abasement is complete, and I can be humiliated no more.
He was wearing cavalry twill trousers and a buff crew-neck sweater. The effect was of symbolic abasement mixed with military resolve […]
Thomas J. Millay (2022), The Abased Christ, Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG: “He wants to emphasize the abasement Christ chose while on Earth.”
Antonyms: aggrandizement
dignity
elevation
exaltation
honor
promotion
reputation
repute
standing
supremacy
Derived words: self-abasement
Translations:
abash
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Attested from 1303, as Middle English abaisen, abaishen, abashen (“lose one's composure, be upset”), from the later 14th-century also transitive "to make ashamed, to perplex or embarrass"; from Anglo-Norman abaïss, from Middle French abair, abaisser (“lose one's composure, be startled, be stunned”), from Old French esbaïr, (French ébahir), from es- (“utterly”) + baïr (“to astonish”), from Medieval Latin *exbadō, from ex- (“out of”) + bado (“to gape, yawn”), an onomatopoeic word imitating a yawn, see also French badaud (“rubbernecker”).
Inflected forms:
form: abashes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abashing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abashed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abashed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: abasse
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To make ashamed; to embarrass; to destroy the self-possession of, as by exciting suddenly a consciousness of guilt, mistake, or inferiority; to disconcert; to discomfit.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He was a man whom no check could abash
The stare seemed to abash Poirot.
gloss: To lose self-possession; to become ashamed.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
obsolete
examples: [...] as King Uther lay by his queen, he asked her, by the faith she owed to him, whose was the body; then she sore abashed to give answer.
Synonyms: abase
abash
bring low
confuse
confound
debase
degrade
demean
depress
disconcert
discomfit
dishonour
embarrass
humble
humiliate
lower
mortify
put to shame
shame
Antonyms: dignify
honor
Related words: embarrassed
Derived words: abashable
abashed
abashedly
abashedness
abashing
abashless
abashment
bashful
unabashed
Translations:
abatement
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: accounting
business
finance
government
heraldry
hobbies
law
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
Etymology: From Middle English abatement, from Anglo-Norman abatre (“to abate”) (from Old French abatre), + -ment; equivalent to abate + -ment.
Base: abate
Affixes: -ment
Inflected forms:
form: abatements
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of abating, or the state of being abated; a lessening, diminution, or reduction; a moderation; removal or putting an end to; the suppression.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The abatement of a nuisance is the suppression thereof.
For quotations using this term, see Citations:abatement.
gloss: The deduction of minor revenues incidental to an operation in calculating the cost of the operation.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The action of a person that abates, or without proper authority enters a residence after the death of the owner and before the heir takes possession.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The reduction of the proceeds of a will, when the debts have not yet been satisfied; the reduction of taxes due.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: An amount abated; that which is taken away by way of reduction; deduction; decrease; a rebate or discount allowed; in particular from a tax.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A mark of dishonor on an escutcheon; any figure added to the coat of arms tending to lower the dignity or station of the bearer.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Waste of stuff in preparing to size.
pos: noun
tags: Scotland
countable
uncountable
gloss: A beating down, a putting down.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A quashing, a judicial defeat, the rendering abortive by law.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Forcible entry of a stranger into an inheritance when the person seised of it dies, and before the heir or devisee can take possession; ouster.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: rebatement, real or imaginary marks of disgrace affixed to an escutcheon.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Synonyms: declension
decline
decrease
deduction
depreciation
diminution
discount
drawback
ebb
evanishment
fading
lessening
lowering
mitigation
moderation
reduction
remission
settling
sinking
subsidence
waning. See also Thesaurus:diminution
Antonyms: accession
accretion
aggrandizement
augmentation
development
dilation
enlargement
growth
increase
increment
Derived words: abatement ab initio
defense in abatement
in abatement
photoabatement
plea in abatement
tax abatement
Translations:
abatis
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From French abatis, abattis (“mass of things beaten or cut down”), from abattre. See abate.
Inflected forms:
form: abatis
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abatises
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abattis
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A means of defense formed by felled trees, or sometimes by bent trees, the ends of whose branches are sharpened and directed outwards, or against the enemy, and more recently fortified with barbed wire.
pos: noun
gloss: In the Middle Ages, an officer of the stables who had the care of measuring out the provender; an avenor.
pos: noun
tags: historical
gloss: In coal-mining, walls of cord-wood piled up crosswise to keep the underground roads open so as to secure ventilation.
pos: noun
Derived words: abatised
Translations:
abattoir
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French abattoir, from abattre (“to slaughter”) (cognate to abate) + -oir (“-ory”).
Inflected forms:
form: abattoirs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A public slaughterhouse for cattle, sheep, etc.
pos: noun
examples: Once the cows reach maturity, they're sent to the abattoir.
gloss: A place or event likened to a slaughterhouse, because of great carnage or bloodshed.
pos: noun
examples: The army's raid on the enemy turned into a major abattoir.
The corridors where North Korean troops would be advancing [in a hypothetical invasion of South Korea] would almost certainly be turned into human abattoirs.
“Now, down here we have the medium security cells and the various abattoirs. Be sure to reserve your spot on the sign-in sheet 'cause the abattoirs get crazy busy.”
Related words: knacker's yard
Derived words: abattoirlike
Translations:
abaxial
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
zoology
Etymology: Etymology tree
English ab-
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ-?
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱs-der.
Proto-Italic *aksis
Latin axisbor.
English axis
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English axial
English abaxial
From ab- (“away from”) + axial (“axis”).
Inflected forms:
form: abaxile
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of a side that is facing away from the axis or central line, such as the underside of a leaf, or the back of an animal.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: The lobule margins, furthermore, are arched away from the lobe, with the consequence that (when fully inflated) the abaxial leaf surface forms the interior lining of the lobule.
gloss: Not in the axis. Applied to an embryo placed out of the axis of the seed.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Synonyms: eccentric
Antonyms: adaxial
Derived words: abaxially
Translations:
abb
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English ab, abbe, from Old English āweb, āb, ōweb, from away + web (“warp thread”).
Inflected forms:
form: abbs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A type of yarn for the warp.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A rough wool from the inferior parts of the fleece, used for the woof or weft.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A filling pick used in weaving.
pos: noun
tags: UK
countable
uncountable
Derived words: abb-wool
Translations:
abba
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: Christianity
Etymology: From Middle English, from Latin, from Ancient Greek, from Aramaic אבא/ܐܒܐ (ʼaḇā, “father”); see abbot, Abraham for more.
Inflected forms:
form: abbas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Father; religious superior; in the Syriac, Coptic, and Ethiopic churches, a title given to the bishops, and by the bishops to the patriarch; a title given to Jewish scholars in the Talmudic period.
pos: noun
tags: Judaism
examples: The abba of the coenobion went to him and told him about the brother who had slipped up.
Translations:
abbacy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abbathie, from Late Latin abbātia, from abbās, abbātis (“abbot”). Doublet of abbey and Opatija.
Inflected forms:
form: abbacies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abbatie
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: The dignity, estate, term, or jurisdiction of an abbot or abbess.
pos: noun
Translations:
abbess
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abbesse, from Old French abeesse (French abbesse), from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbatissa, feminine of Latin abbas, abbatis (“abbot”).
Inflected forms:
form: abbesses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abbatess
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: abbotess
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A female superior or governess of a nunnery, or convent of nuns, having the same authority over the nuns which the abbots have over the monks.
pos: noun
examples: The abbess was always after the nuns to keep the convent immaculately clean.
gloss: A woman who runs a brothel; a woman employed by a prostitute to find clients.
pos: noun
tags: British
archaic
slang
examples: Why laſt night, as Colonel Kill'em, Sir William Weezy, Lord Frederick Foretop, and I were careleſsly ſliding the Ranelagh round, picking our teeth, after a damn'd muzzy dinner at Boodle's, who ſhould trip by but an abbeſs, well known about town, with a ſmart little nun in her ſuite.
So an old Abbess for the rattling Rakes, / A tempting dish of human nature makes, / And dresses up a luscious Maid: / I rather should have said, indeed, undresses, / To please a youth's unsanctified caresses.
"I mean to inform you," answered the Oxonian, with a grin on his face, "that those three nymphs, who have so much dazzled your optics, are three nuns, and the plump female is Mother .... of great notoriety, but generally designated the Abbess of .... Her residence is at no great distance from one of the royal palaces; and she is distinguished for her bold ingenuous line of conduct in the profession which she has chosen to adopt; so much so, indeed, that she eclipses all her competitors in infamy."
Related words: abbey
abbot
Translations:
abbey
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From A.D. 1250 in Middle English abbey, abbeye (“convent headed by an abbot”) (compare archaic English abbaye), itself borrowed from Old French abaïe, abbaïe, abeïe, abbeïe (Modern French abbaye) from Late Latin or Ecclesiastical Latin abbātia, from Classical Latin abbās (“abbot”). Doublet of abbacy and Opatija. See abbot.
Inflected forms:
form: abbeys
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abby
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: The office or dominion of an abbot or abbess.
pos: noun
gloss: A monastery or society of people, secluded from the world and devoted to religion and celibacy, which is headed by an abbot or abbess; also, the monastic building or buildings.
pos: noun
examples: Near-synonym: convent
From 1199 to 1203 William Punchard was the abbot of the abbey of Rievaulx, which was part of the Cistercian order of monks.
gloss: The church of a monastery.
pos: noun
examples: No, we can't have alphabetical seating in the abbey. You'd have Iraq and Iran next to each other (laugh track)... Plus Israel and Jordan all sitting in the same pew (laugh track)! We'd be in danger of starting World War III (laugh track)!
gloss: A residence that was previously an abbatial building.
pos: noun
tags: British
English
gloss: The abele or white poplar (Populus alba).
pos: noun
tags: dialectal
examples: Ab'bey. The great white poplar: one of the varieties of the Populus alba.
Abbey-lug, a branch of the abele tree.
Related words: abbeystead
archabbey
archabbot
cloister
convent
friary
monastery
nunnery
priory
Derived words: abbey counter
Abbey Dore
Abbey Gate
abbeylike
abbey-lubber
abbey token
Abbeytown
Abbey Wood
Bolton Abbey
Byland Abbey
Holme Abbey
Neath Abbey
New Abbey
Rosedale Abbey
Waltham Abbey
Westminster Abbey
Whiteabbey
Translations:
abbot
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abbot, abbod, abbed, from Old English abbat, abbad, abbod, from Latin abbās (“father”), from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”). Doublet of abba, abbé, and bwana.
Inflected forms:
form: abbots
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The superior or head of an abbey or monastery.
pos: noun
examples: The newly appointed abbot decided to take a tour of the abbey with the cardinal's emissary.
gloss: The pastor or administrator of an order, including minor and major orders starting with the minor order of porter.
pos: noun
gloss: A layman who received the abbey's revenues, after the closing of the monasteries.
pos: noun
gloss: A brothel-owner's husband or lover.
pos: noun
tags: British
archaic
slang
gloss: A ponce; a man employed by a prostitute to find clients, and who may also act as a bodyguard or equivalent to a bouncer.
pos: noun
tags: British
archaic
slang
Related words: abba
abbacy
abbatial
abbé
abbess
Abraham
Abu Dhabi
archimandrite
monk
prior
rector
Derived words: Abbot
abbot-bishop
abbotcy
abbotess
Abbotford
abbot-general
abbot general
abbot nullius
Abbot of Misrule
abbot of the people
Abbot of Unreason
abbot on the cross
abbot primate
abbotric
abbotry
Abbots Bromley
Abbotsbury
Abbotsford
Abbotsham
abbotship
Abbots Langley
Abbots Ripton
Abbott
Abbottford
Abbottsford
Abot
Abott
archabbot
Aston Abbotts
cardinal-abbot
croziered abbot
Hanham Abbots
Hemingford Abbots
Manningford Abbots
Milton Abbot
mitred abbot
mitered abbot
Newton Abbot
subabbot
titular abbot
Translations:
abbreviate
Part of speech: verb
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
mathematics
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Middle English abbreviaten, from abbreviat(e) (“abbreviated”, used as the participle of abbreviaten) + -en (verb-forming suffix), borrowed from Latin abbreviātus, perfect passive participle of abbreviō (“to shorten”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), formed from ab- + breviō (“to shorten”), from brevis (“short”). Alternatively, a back-formation from abbreviation. Doublet of abridge.
Base: abbreviat
Affixes: -en
Inflected forms:
form: abbreviates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abbreviating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abbreviated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abbreviated
pos: verb
tags: past
form: more abbreviate
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abbreviate
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: To shorten by omitting parts or details.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
examples: But it is one Thing, to Abbreuiate by Contracting, Another by Cutting off: […]
gloss: To speak or write in a brief manner.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
obsolete
gloss: To make shorter; to shorten (in time); to abridge; to shorten by ending sooner than planned.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: But as delivery schedules have dwindled into hours, even the gigantic warehouse full of stuff in a central place such as the triangle is proving insufficient. Now, companies also need smaller distribution centres around the country, to respond rapidly to orders and to abbreviate the last mile as much as possible.
gloss: To reduce a word or phrase by means of contraction or omission to a shorter recognizable form.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Bovine spongiform encephalopathy is more commonly known by its abbreviated form BSE.
Alana abbreviated "involuntarily celibate" to "invcel", until someone suggested that "incel" was easier to say.
gloss: To reduce to lower terms, as a fraction.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: Abbreviated.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
gloss: Abbreviated, abridged, shortened.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
examples: The curt form of gent as a less ceremonious substitute for the full expression of ‘gentleman,’ had once made considerable way, but its career was blighted in a court of justice. It is about twenty years ago that two young men, being brought before a London magistrate, described themselves as ‘gents.’ The magistrate said that he considered that a designation little better than ‘blackguard.’ The abbreviate form has never been able to recover that shock.
gloss: Having one part relatively shorter than another or than the ordinary type.
pos: adj
Synonyms: abridge
compress
condense
contract
curtail
epitomize
reduce
shorten
Antonyms: amplify
dilate
elongate
enlarge
expand
expatiate
extend
lengthen
produce
prolong
stretch
Related words: abbreviation
abbreviator
Derived words: abbreviatable
abbreviately
abbreviater
abbreviative
abbreviatory
deabbreviate
unabbreviatable
unabbreviate
Translations:
lang: Finnish
word: lyhennetty
lang: Portuguese
word: abreviado
lang: Portuguese
word: encurtado
lang: Tamil
word: சுருக்கு
roman: curukku
abbreviated
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more abbreviated
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abbreviated
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Shortened; made briefer.
pos: adj
examples: The abbreviated lesson only took fifteen minutes as opposed to an hour and a half.
gloss: Relatively short; shorter than normal, or compared to others.
pos: adj
gloss: Scanty, as in clothing.
pos: adj
Related words: abbreviate
abbreviation
abbreviating
Derived words: abbreviatedly
abbreviated number
hyperabbreviated
unabbreviated
Translations:
abbreviation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
entertainment
human-sciences
lifestyle
linguistics
mathematics
music
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: First attested 1400–50. From Middle English abbreviacioun, from Middle French abreviation, from Ecclesiastical Latin abbreviātiō, from Latin ad + breviō (“shorten”), from brevis (“short”). By surface analysis, abbreviate + -ion.
Inflected forms:
form: abbreviations
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abbr.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: abbrv.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: abbrev.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The result of shortening or reducing; abridgment.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A shortened or contracted form of a word or phrase used to represent the whole, using omission of letters, and sometimes substitution of letters, or duplication of initial letters to signify plurality, including signs such as +, =, @.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Hants is an abbreviation of Hampshire.
Americans, for example, call newcomers to Antarctica “fingies”, which comes from FNGs – a borrowed military abbreviation that means “Fucking New Guy”.
gloss: The process of abbreviating.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A notation used in music score to denote a direction, as pp or mf.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: One or more dashes through the stem of a note, dividing it respectively into quavers, semiquavers, demisemiquavers, or hemidemisemiquavers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any convenient short form used as a substitution for an understood or inferred whole.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The phrase "civil rights" is an abbreviation for a whole complex of relationships.
gloss: Loss during evolution of the final stages of the ancestral ontogenetic pattern.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Reduction to lower terms, as a fraction.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Synonyms: abbreviature
abridgement
abstract
compend
compression
condensation
contraction
curtailment
epitome
reduction
shortcut
summary
Antonyms: amplification
dilation
enlargement
expansion
expatiation
extension
production
Derived words: abbreviationitis
graphic abbreviation
syllabic abbreviation
unabbreviation
Translations:
lang: Afrikaans
word: verkorting
lang: German
word: Zusammenfassung
lang: German
word: Abstract
lang: Greek
word: σύνοψη
roman: sýnopsi
lang: Italian
word: riassunto
lang: Korean
word: 요약본
roman: yoyakbon
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: oppsummering
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: sammendrag
lang: Scottish Gaelic
word: giorrachadh
lang: Tamil
word: சுருக்கம்
roman: curukkam
lang: Vietnamese
word: bài tóm tắt
abdal
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Arabic أَبْدَال (ʔabdāl), plural of بَدَل (badal, “a substitute; a good, religious man; saint”), from بَدَلَ (badala, “to replace”).
Inflected forms:
form: abdals
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A religious devotee or dervish in Persia.
pos: noun
Translations:
abdicate
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: First attested in 1532; borrowed from Latin abdicātus (“renounced”), perfect passive participle of abdicō (“to renounce, reject, disclaim”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix)), formed from ab (“away”) + dicō (“proclaim, dedicate, declare”), akin to dīcō (“to say”). Compare Middle English abdicat (“forsaken, renounced”).
Affixes: -ate
Inflected forms:
form: abdicates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abdicating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abdicated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abdicated
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To disclaim and expel from the family, as a father his child; to disown; to disinherit.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
gloss: To formally separate oneself from or to divest oneself of.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
reflexive
transitive
gloss: To depose.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
gloss: To reject; to cast off; to discard.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
examples: [W]e were legally call'd by his Majeſties writ to give our Attendance in Parliament, […] if we did not, we ſhould betray the Truſt committed to us by his Majeſtie, and ſhamefully betray and abdicate the due right both of our ſelves and Succeſſours.
gloss: To surrender, renounce or relinquish, as sovereign power; to withdraw definitely from filling or exercising, as a high office, station, dignity; to fail to fulfill responsibility for.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: to abdicate the throne, the crown, the papacy
Note: The word abdicate was held to mean, in the case of James II, to abandon without a formal surrender.
The cross-bearers abdicated their service.
He abdicates all right to be his own governor.
The understanding abdicates its functions.
Although the 1970s ushered in a culture of relative moral freedom, the courts refused to abdicate their role of custodians of public morality.
gloss: To relinquish or renounce a throne, or other high office or dignity; to renounce sovereignty.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Though a king may abdicate for his own person, he cannot abdicate for the monarchy.
Antonyms: claim
grasp
maintain
occupy
retain
seize
usurp
Derived words: abdicable
abdicant
abdication
abdicative
abdicator
unabdicate
Translations:
abdication
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: law
Etymology: First attested in 1552. From Latin abdicātiō (“renunciation”), from abdicō. By surface analysis, abdicate + -ion.
Inflected forms:
form: abdications
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of disowning or disinheriting a child.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
gloss: The act of abdicating; the renunciation of a high office, dignity, or trust, by its holder.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The voluntary renunciation of sovereign power.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: abdication of the throne, government, power, authority
the king’s abdication
So yes: the abdication was when the Windsors opened the gate. After that it was – and will be – whack-a-mole. Every crisis will draw significant numbers of people out who would ask why you couldn’t cut off whoever was displeasing them in that moment.
gloss: The renunciation of interest in a property or a legal claim; abandonment.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
gloss: The action of being deposed from the seat of power.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
Derived words: abdicational
nonabdication
Translations:
abdomen
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: anatomy
biology
entomology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
Etymology: First attested in 1541 as labdomen. Borrowed from Middle French abdomen as well as from its etymon Latin abdōmen, possibly from abdō (“conceal”), from ab (“away”) + -dō (“put, place”).
Inflected forms:
form: abdomens
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abdomina
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The fat surrounding the belly.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
gloss: The belly, or that part of the body between the thorax and the pelvis, not including the back; or in some lower vertebrates, the portion between the cardiac and caudal regions.
pos: noun
gloss: The cavity of the belly, which is lined by the peritoneum, and contains the viscera; often restricted in humans to the part between the diaphragm and the commencement of the pelvis, the remainder being called the pelvic cavity.
pos: noun
examples: He was all bent over complaining of pains in the abdomen.
gloss: The posterior section of the body, behind the thorax, in insects, crustaceans, and other Arthropoda.
pos: noun
Related words: abdominal
abdominally
abdominous
Derived words: acute abdomen
boat-shaped abdomen
carinate abdomen
hemiabdomen
navicular abdomen
obstipum abdomen
pendulous abdomen
postabdomen
preabdomen
scaphoid abdomen
surgical abdomen
Translations:
abdominal
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
ichthyology
natural-sciences
zoology
Etymology: First attested in 1746. From New Latin abdōminālis, from Latin abdōmen. Equivalent to abdomin- + -al. Compare French abdominal.
Affixes: abdomin-
-al
Inflected forms:
form: more abdominal
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abdominal
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abdominals
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to the abdomen; ventral.
pos: adj
examples: abdominal muscles
abdominal cavity
gloss: Having the ventral fins under the abdomen and behind the pectoral fins.
pos: adj
gloss: Ventral, in describing a fin.
pos: adj
gloss: Belonging to the order Abdominales of fish.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
gloss: A fish of the order Abdominales.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
gloss: An abdominal muscle.
pos: noun
tags: colloquial
Synonyms: Cypriniformes
Related words: abdomin-
abdomino-
coelo-
Derived words: abdominal aorta
abdominal breathing
abdominal cavity
abdominal decompression
abdominal etching
abdominal evisceration
abdominal fin
abdominal gestation
abdominal inguinal ring
abdominally
abdominal migraine
abdominal muscle
abdominal pore
abdominal pouch
abdominal quadrant
abdominal reflex
abdominal region
abdominal respiration
abdominal rib
abdominal ring
abdominal section
abdominal-thrust maneuver
abdominal typhus
abdominal vacuum
abdominal wall
abs
cervicothoracoabdominal
circumabdominal
costoabdominal
dorsoabdominal
endoabdominal
extraabdominal
femoroabdominal
hemiabdominal
inguinoabdominal
intraabdominal
intra-abdominal
intrabdominal
lumbo-abdominal
lumboabdominal
midabdominal
musculoabdominal
nephroabdominal
nonabdominal
pelviabdominal
phrenicoabdominal
postabdominal
rectoabdominal
retroabdominal
subabdominal
thoracoabdominal
transabdominal
uteroabdominal
vaginoabdominal
vesicoabdominal
Translations:
abduct
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep
Proto-Indo-European *-o
Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó
Proto-Italic *ap
Latin abder.
Latin ab-
Proto-Indo-European *dewk-
Proto-Indo-European *déwkti
Proto-Italic *doukō
Latin dūcō
Latin abdūcō
Latin abductusder.
English abduct
From Latin abductus, perfect passive participle of abduco (“to lead away”), from ab (“away”) + duco (“to lead”).
* (physiology): Back-formation from abduction.
Inflected forms:
form: abducts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abducting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abducted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abducted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To take away by force; to carry away (a human being) wrongfully and usually with violence or deception; to kidnap.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: to abduct children
I was abducted by aliens.
That same night he had by force abducted the president and the secretary of the club, and had taken them, much against their will upon a voyage in the wonderful air-ship, the “Albatross,” which he had constructed.
gloss: To draw away, as a limb or other part, from the median axis of the body.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Synonyms: carry off
drag away
kidnap
run away with
seize
spirit away
stretch
take away
Antonyms: adduct
reinstate
restore
Related words: abduce
abducens
abducent
abduction
abductor
Derived words: abductee
abductive
hyperabduct
Translations:
abduction
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: anatomy
human-sciences
law
logic
mathematics
medicine
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
ufology
Etymology: From Latin abductiō(n) (“a robbing; an abduction”), from abdūcō (“to take or lead away”), from ab (“away”) + dūcō (“to lead”). By surface analysis, abduct + -ion or abduce + -tion.
* (physiology): From French, from Latin abductus.
* Compare French abduction.
Base: abduce
Affixes: -tion
Inflected forms:
form: abductions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A leading away; a carrying away.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The act of abducing or abducting; a drawing apart; the movement which separates a limb or other part from the axis, or middle line, of the body.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Abduction is performed by asking the patient to raise the arm at the side as high as they can with the examiner stabilizing the scapula by holding it down.
gloss: A syllogism or form of argument in which the major premise is evident, but the minor is only probable.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The significance of such a step is that it is not morphologically triggered: it is a step of abduction, and what is required here is a meta-level process of reasoning.
gloss: The wrongful, and usually forcible, carrying off of a human being.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: the abduction of a child
Saturday’s actions – the abduction of [Venezuelan] President Nicolás Maduro in Caracas to face federal drug-trafficking charges in the U.S., and the deadly bombings of military installations and some civilian buildings across the country – had “Trump Corollary” written all over them.
gloss: An alien abduction.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: But fear of abduction never stopped a good ufologist.
Synonyms: retroduction
abstraction
Antonyms: adduction
replacement
restitution
restoration
surrender
reinstatement
Related words: abduce
abduct
abductive
Derived words: abductional
alien abduction
hyperabduction
milab
military abduction
Translations:
abductor
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin abductor, By surface analysis, abduct + -or.
Inflected forms:
form: abductors
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who abducts; a kidnapper.
pos: noun
Antonyms: abductee
Translations:
abeam
Part of speech: adv
adj
prep
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: Etymology tree
English a-
Proto-Germanic *bagmaz?
Proto-West Germanic *baum
Old English bēam
Middle English beem
English beam
English abeam
From a- (“in the direction of”) + beam (“keel”).
Inflected forms:
form: more abeam
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most abeam
pos: adv
tags: superlative
form: more abeam
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abeam
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: On the beam; at a right angle to the centerline or keel of a vessel or aircraft; being at a bearing approximately 90° or 270° relative.
pos: adv
examples: We were heading S.S.W., and had a steady breeze abeam and a quiet sea.
[…] waves striking the ship abeam pushed her always south of their new course, and rolled her, and filled her with water so that bailing must be ceaseless […]
gloss: Alongside or abreast; opposite the center of the side of the ship or aircraft.
pos: adv
gloss: Alongside or abreast; opposite the center of the side of the ship or aircraft.
pos: adj
examples: The island was directly abeam of us.
The sound shifted its place markedly, but without coming nearer. It even grew a little more distant right abeam of the lighter, and then ceased again.
The attack on the abeam ship, Louisville, killed Commander Cruiser Division Four […]
gloss: Alongside.
pos: prep
examples: She came abeam the crippled ship.
Related words: athwartships
Translations:
abecedarian
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Late Latin abecedarius (from the first four letters of the Latin alphabet + -arius). Equivalent to abecedary + -an. Compare abecedary.
Base: abecedary
Affixes: -an
Inflected forms:
form: abecedarians
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abecedary
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: more abecedarian
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abecedarian
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abecedary
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Someone who is learning the alphabet.
pos: noun
gloss: An elementary student, a novice; one in the early steps of learning.
pos: noun
examples: A man may alwaies continue his studie, but not schooling. O fond-foolish for an old man to be ever an Abcedarian [translating abecedaire].
gloss: Someone engaged in teaching the alphabet; an elementary teacher; one that teaches the methods and principles of learning.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: A work which uses words or lines in alphabetical order.
pos: noun
tags: rhetoric
examples: This formal organization is most likely to create obscurity in such elaborate and artificial forms as: palindromes (words, phrases, or verses which read the same backward or forward), abecedarians (poems in which the initial letters of lines or stanzas are arranged to[…])[…].
Abecedarian verses are chanted stichoi/stichera verses in which the first letter of each verse follows an alphabetical order.[…]The Amomos, an abecedarian, is the longest psalm in the Psalter[…].
An Abecedarian is any poem constrained by alphabetical order.
gloss: Pertaining to someone learning the alphabet or basic studies; elementary; rudimentary.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
gloss: Pertaining to the alphabet, or several alphabets.
pos: adj
examples: The professor [...] had several other translations or feats of antiquarian deciphering to his credit. Indeed, I was extremely fortunate to find him in at the museum, for he planned to fly within the week to Peru where yet another task awaited his abecedarian talents.
gloss: Arranged in an alphabetical manner.
pos: adj
gloss: Relating to or resembling an abecedarius.
pos: adj
Derived words: abecedarian insult
abecedarian jigsaw
abecedarian psalms
Translations:
abele
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abelle, albell, aubel, from Old French aubel, aubiel, from Medieval Latin albellus (“white poplar”), diminutive of Latin albus (“white”). Some forms after Middle Dutch abeel, from Old French.
Inflected forms:
form: abeles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: arbeal
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The white poplar (Populus alba).
pos: noun
examples: But I account for my predilection, by the kind of pensive and melancholy peasure I used to feel, when in my childhood and early youth, I walked alone, in a long avenue of arbeal […].
Six abeles i' the churchyard grow
Translations: