yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
cite
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: law
Etymology: From Old French citer, from Latin citare (“to cause to move, excite, summon”), frequentative of ciēre (“to rouse, excite, call”). Sense 4 is the original one.
Inflected forms:
form: cites
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: citing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: cited
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: cited
pos: verb
tags: past
form: cites
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To quote; to repeat, as a passage from a book, or the words of another.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, but could not prove, and would cite as they took to the streets.
gloss: To mention; to make mention of.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Until then, the Sunak administration remains a study in ineffectuality on multiple fronts, leading Goldsmith to cite, not unreasonably, “a kind of paralysis”.
gloss: To mention; to make mention of.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Citing the risk involved with being out as a gay person and a union activist while simultaneously dealing with racism, Susan notes that there are no out gays or lesbians of color in her local, though its membership is about 80 percent people of color.
Jonathan Hill, professor of international relations in the School of Security Studies at King’s College London, points to ongoing social unrest among rural youths in Morocco as another key reason why the law was passed. He cites the 2011 Arab Spring as an indicator of where such behaviour might lead if left unchecked.
gloss: To list the source(s) from which one took information, words or literary or verbal context.
pos: verb
gloss: To summon officially or authoritatively to appear in court.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: According to the tribe’s chairman, rangers cited five of the demonstrators, who had traveled to Nevada from New York, Washington, California and the European country of Malta. The chairman did not say what they were cited for.
gloss: A citation.
pos: noun
tags: informal
examples: We used the number of cites as a rough measure of the significance of each published paper.
Related words: citation
attest
quote
Derived words: citability
citable
cital
cocite
miscite
overcite
re-cite
subcite
Translations:
citied
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English city
English -ed
English citied
From city + -ed.
Inflected forms:
form: more citied
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most citied
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Containing, or covered with, cities.
pos: adj
examples: Hast any mortal name, / Fit appellation for this dazzling frame? / Or friends or kinsfolk on the citied earth, / To share our marriage feast and nuptial mirth?
Translations:
citric
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From citrus + -ic.
Base: citrus
Affixes: -ic
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, citrus fruit.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: An orange-scented road to Harbor was what Christine expected, because three times the aroma had accompanied her escapes. The first was on foot, the second by bus, and each time the orange trees lining the road marked her flight with a light citric perfume.
Translations:
civet
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From French civette, from Italian zibetto, from Medieval Latin zibethum, from Arabic زَبَاد (zabād).
Inflected forms:
form: civets
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of the small carnivorous catlike mammals encompassing certain species from the families Viverridae, Eupleridae, and Nandiniidae, native to tropical Africa and Asia.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The musky perfume produced by the animal; civetone.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: LEONATO. Indeed he looks younger than he did, by the loss of a beard.
DON PEDRO. Nay, a' rubs himself with civet: can you smell him out by that?
CLAUDIO. That's as much as to say the sweet youth's in love.
Your onely way to make a good pomander, is this. Take an ownce of the pureſt garden mould, clenſed and ſteeped ſeauen daies in change of motherleſſe roſe water, then take the beſt Labdanum, Benioine, both Storaxes, amber greece, and Ciuet, and muſke, incorporate them together, and work them into what form you pleaſe; this, if your breath bee not to valiant, will make you ſmell as ſweete as my Ladies dogge.
[…]even if modest gestures of modernisation have slimmed down the ceremony, the chrism of unction is no longer perfumed with animal effluents—ambergris, musk and civet—and Andrew Lloyd Webber added to Handel and Elgar?
gloss: A spotted skunk.
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
regional
uncountable
examples: I believe other animals are the same; but skunk and civet are not so particular what they eat; anything half decomposed or rotten will answer.
When inquiring of people, ask about "civets", for spotted skunks are often mistakenly known as civets.
We ran trap lines on the way to school. Never caught much but skunk, civet and muskrats.
gloss: A ringtail (Bassariscus astutus).
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
regional
uncountable
examples: The civet, Bassariscus astutus flavus, a new host for Uncinaria lotoris.— Several specimens of this hookworm, described by Schwartz (1925) from Procyon lotor, were found in the small intestine of the civet or ring-tailed cat at College Station, Texas, by the writer December 15, 1925.
Raccoon, ringtail (civet), coyotes, badgers, bobcat, fox, and skunk were all hunted or trapped for furs throughout the settled portions of the Aravaipa area.
Derived words: African palm civet
Asian palm civet
civet bean
civet cat
civet coffee
civeted
civetlike
civetone
civvy cat
large-spotted civet
Malagasy civet
masked palm civet
otter civet
palm civet
ring-tailed civet cat
tiger civet
true civet
Translations:
clonic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English clonus
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English clonic
From clonus + -ic.
Inflected forms:
form: more clonic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most clonic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Pertaining to clonus; having irregular, convulsive spasms.
pos: adj
examples: Hospital attendants stand by to drag the children off, drooling, screaming, having clonic convulsions.
Antonyms: tonic
Translations:
clot
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English clot, clotte, from Old English clott, from Proto-West Germanic *klott (“lump”). Cognate with German Klotz (“block”). Doublet of clod and klutz.
Inflected forms:
form: clots
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: clout
pos: noun
tags: alternative
dated
form: clots
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: clotting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: clotted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: clotted
pos: verb
tags: past
form: clout
pos: verb
tags: alternative
dated
Senses:
gloss: A thrombus, solidified mass of blood.
pos: noun
gloss: A solidified mass of any liquid.
pos: noun
examples: and nothing elſe but euen, A heauie lump and clottred clod of ſeedes togither driuen)
Doth bake the egg into clots as if it began to poach.
gloss: A person who is silly, stupid, dull, a clod.
pos: noun
gloss: To form a clot or mass.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: When there is a wounded area on the body, the natural response is for platelets in the blood to clot to plug the wound.
gloss: To cause to clot or form into a mass.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: They didn't explode into blood and clotted matter.
Synonyms: coagulate
congeal
Derived words: anticlot
blood clot
clot retraction time
clotshot
clotty
clutter
coroner's clot
euglobulin clot lysis time
microclot
periclot
clottability
clottable
clotting factor
clottish
kaolin clotting time
Translations:
lang: Aromanian
word: ncljeg
lang: Bulgarian
word: съсирвам се
roman: sǎsirvam se
lang: Bulgarian
word: пресичам се
roman: presičam se
lang: Catalan
word: coagular-se
lang: Catalan
word: agrumollar-se
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 結塊 /结块
roman: jiékuài
lang: Dutch
word: klonteren
lang: Dutch
word: stollen
lang: Finnish
word: hyytyä
lang: French
word: coaguler
lang: French
word: cailler
lang: Galician
word: callar
lang: Galician
word: trallar
lang: German
word: Klumpen bilden
lang: German
word: klumpen
lang: Ido
word: grumeleskar
lang: Italian
word: coagularsi
lang: Latin
word: concrēscere
lang: Latin
word: coāgulāre
lang: Latin
word: conglobāre
lang: Manx
word: çhiu
lang: Manx
word: binjee (dairtying)
lang: Manx
word: glub
lang: Māori
word: tepe
lang: Māori
word: tetepe
lang: Persian
word: لخته شدن
roman: laxte šodan
lang: Polish
word: krzepnąć
lang: Portuguese
word: coagular
lang: Romanian
word: închega
lang: Russian
word: сгуща́ться
roman: sguščátʹsja
lang: Russian
word: сгусти́ться
roman: sgustítʹsja
lang: Russian
word: свёртываться
roman: svjórtyvatʹsja
lang: Russian
word: сверну́ться
roman: svernútʹsja
lang: Russian
word: запека́ться
roman: zapekátʹsja
lang: Russian
word: запе́чься
roman: zapéčʹsja
lang: Spanish
word: coagularse
lang: Turkish
word: pıhtılaşmak
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: پختیلانمق
roman: pıhtılanmak
lang: Welsh
word: tolchi
cloy
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From an aphetic form of Middle English acloyen, from Old French enclouer, encloer, from Vulgar Latin *inclāvāre, from Late Latin clāvāre, from Latin clāvus.
Inflected forms:
form: cloys
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: cloying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: cloyed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: cloyed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To fill up or choke up; to stop up.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To clog, to glut, or satisfy, as the appetite; to satiate.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To fill to loathing; to surfeit.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.
Related words: clove
Derived words: cloyer
cloyless
cloyment
cloysome
overcloy
Translations:
cobber
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Uncertain. Perhaps from Yiddish חבֿר (khaver, “friend, comrade”), from Hebrew חבר (ḥāḇēr, “friend”), possibly via Dutch gabber; alternately, perhaps from the British dialectal term cob (“take a liking to”), or a conflation of both. The suggestion that it is a self-referential collective term for convicts and immigrants who departed for Australian shores from the Irish port of Cobh seems chronologically unlikely.
Inflected forms:
form: cobbers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A pal, buddy, mate, friend; often used in direct address by one male to another.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
dated
slang
examples: What's up, cobber?
G'day cobber!
“He′s a good cobber, even if he is the parson,” he said at last. “He′s a good cobber.”
“That′s right,” said Jim patiently. “He′s a good cobber, and he′s the parson. Now you buzz off and leave him be. We′ve got business to talk here.”
He was the first member of our forces we had seen for five months. “Hi ya, cobber,” muttered Don.
A voice from out of nowhere challenged: “Who is going away cobber?” “Bob!” I shouted. “Boy, am I glad to see you ... Where the hell have you been, my dear bloody cobber?”
gloss: A sweet consisting of a small block of hard caramel covered in chocolate.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
Derived words: cobber up
Translations:
coca
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish coca, from Quechua kuka, perhaps from Aymara.
Inflected forms:
form: cocas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of the four cultivated plants which belong to the family Erythroxylaceae, native to western South America.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: The dried leaf of one of these plants, the South American shrub (Erythroxylum coca), widely cultivated in Andean countries, which is the source of cocaine and used as aphrodisiac in the past.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Derived words: anticoca
Coca-Cola
cocaethylene
cocain
cocaine
coca paste
coca wine
Translations:
codify
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English code
Latin -i-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *-fakāō
Latin -ficō
Latin -ificāreder.
Old French -ifierbor.
Middle English -ifien
English -ify
English codify
From code + -ify.
Inflected forms:
form: codifies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: codifying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: codified
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: codified
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To reduce to a code, to arrange into a code.
pos: verb
examples: The company president codified the goal as a one-line mission statement.
gloss: To collect and arrange in a systematic form.
pos: verb
examples: The house of Ruthven was a small but ultra-modern limestone affair, between Madison and Fifth ;[…]. As a matter of fact its narrow ornate façade presented not a single quiet space that the eyes might rest on after a tiring attempt to follow and codify the arabesques, foliations, and intricate vermiculations of what some disrespectfully dubbed as “ near-aissance.”
gloss: To enact as an official rule or law.
pos: verb
Synonyms: inscripturate
systematize
systematise
Related words: code
codex
Derived words: codifiability
codifiable
codification
codifier
decodify
geocodify
miscodify
noncodified
recodification
recodify
uncodifiable
uncodify
unicodification
Translations:
codon
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin codon, from Ancient Greek κώδων (kṓdōn).
Inflected forms:
form: codons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A handbell used for summoning monks.
pos: noun
gloss: The "bell" or flaring mouth of a trumpet.
pos: noun
Translations:
cohosh
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From an Algonquian word meaning rough, probably from Eastern Abenaki / Penobscot *kkwὰhas. Compare Massachusett kushki (“(it is) rough”). Compare English cocash.
Inflected forms:
form: cohoshes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A perennial American herb (Caulophyllum thalictroides), the rough rootstock of which is used in medicine.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A smooth herb, Actaea racemosa, marketed for medicinal use.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
coked
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more coked
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most coked
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Intoxicated with cocaine.
pos: adj
Translations:
cole
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English cole, col, from Old English cawel, an early Germanic borrowing from Latin caulis (“cabbage”). Cognate with Dutch kool, German Kohl, Danish kål, Norwegian Bokmål kål, Norwegian Nynorsk kål, Swedish kål. Doublet of caulis, gobi, and kale.
Inflected forms:
form: coles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Cabbage.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: Brassica; a plant of the Brassica genus, especially those of Brassica oleracea (rape and coleseed).
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Related words: borecole
cauliflower
colewort
Derived words: coleseed
coleslaw
pig's cole
sea cole
Translations:
coleus
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From the genus name translingual Coleus, from Latin coleus, from Ancient Greek κολεός (koleós, “sheath”) in reference to the manner in which the stamens are united.
Inflected forms:
form: coleuses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of certain plants in the mint family, many used as ornamentals for their colorful, variegated leaves, sometime included in genus Plectranthus (spurflowers), sometimes in their own genus Coleus,
pos: noun
gloss: Any of certain plants in the mint family, many used as ornamentals for their colorful, variegated leaves, sometime included in genus Plectranthus (spurflowers), sometimes in their own genus Coleus,
pos: noun
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: копривка
roman: koprivka
lang: Finnish
word: värinokkonen
lang: Greek
word: κολεός
roman: koleós
lang: Russian
word: ко́леус
roman: kóleus
lang: Swedish
word: palettblad
colza
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From French colza, from Dutch koolzaad (“cabbage seed, (later) colza”), from Middle Dutch coolsaet, from kool (“cole”) + zaad (“seed”).
Compound parts: kool
zaad
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Oilseed rape (Brassica napus), cultivated for its seeds, which yield an oil, valued for illuminating and lubricating purposes.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
conics
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
Etymology: From cone + -ics.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: The branch of geometry which treats of the cone and the curves which arise from its sections.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
conn
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Variant of cond, from Middle English conduen, condien, from Anglo-Norman conduire, from Latin condūcō (“lead, bring or draw together”), from con- (“with, together”) + dūcō (“lead”). Doublet of conduce.
Base: dūcō
Affixes: con-
Inflected forms:
form: conns
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: con
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: conns
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: conning
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: conned
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: conned
pos: verb
tags: past
form: con
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The duty of directing a ship, usually used with the verb to have or to take and accompanied by the article "the."
pos: noun
examples: The officer of the deck has the conn of the vessel; the captain took the conn when he reached the bridge.
gloss: To direct a ship; to superintend the steering of (a vessel); to watch the course of (a vessel) and direct the helmsman how to steer (especially through a channel, etc, rather than steer a compass direction).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The pilot conned the ship safely into the harbor.
“Ay,” says I, “you’ll allow me to steer, that is, hold the helm, but you’ll conn the ship, as they call it; that is, as at sea, a boy serves to stand at the helm, but he that gives him the orders is pilot.”
Translations:
conner
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: conners
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A corkwing wrasse (Symphodus melops)
pos: noun
gloss: A bergall (Tautogolabrus adspersus).
pos: noun
Related words: aleconner
Translations:
coot
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English cote, coote, cute, cuytt (“coot”), of uncertain origin. Perhaps from an unrecorded Old English word, or borrowed from Middle Dutch coet, cuut, kuut (“coot”) (whence modern Dutch koet and meerkoet (“coot”)). Possibly related to Middle High German kūz, kūze (modern German Kauz (“owl”)), Old English cȳta (“kite, bittern”) (whence English kite), ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *kūt (“bird of prey”). See kite.
Inflected forms:
form: coots
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of various aquatic birds of the genus Fulica that are mainly black with a prominent frontal shield on the forehead.
pos: noun
gloss: A foolish or eccentric fellow
pos: noun
tags: UK
colloquial
examples: A silly coot
An old coot
A rich coot
Once more he thought aloud. / "Tom wouldn't lie to me, so it wasn't gin. Now, I wonder. I wonder if that old coot has got what they call 'delusions of grandeur'?"
Your clerks would come in and see you aswingin' and aswayin' there and one of them would say: "Well, the old coot's hung himself!"
“You'll be able now to give it as your considered opinion that [Wilbert Cream] is as loony as a coot, Sir Roderick.” A pause ensued during which [the psychiatrist] appeared to be weighing this, possibly thinking back to coots he had met in the course of his professional career and trying to estimate their dippiness as compared with that of W. Cream.
Translations:
cooter
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Gullah cootuh (“turtle”), from an African language, e.g. Bambara kuta (“turtle”). Attested in English from the 19th century.
Inflected forms:
form: cooters
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A freshwater turtle of the eastern United States of the genus Pseudemys.
pos: noun
gloss: A box turtle.
pos: noun
gloss: A redneck.
pos: noun
tags: slang
Related words: Cooter Brown
Translations:
copra
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Portuguese copra, from Malayalam കൊപ്ര (kopra). Cognate with Tamil கொப்பரை (kopparai), Kuvi କବ୍ରି (kobri), Sanskrit कूर्पस (kūrpasa), Hindi खोपा (khopā).
Inflected forms:
form: copras
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: coprah
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: The dried kernel of the coconut, from which coconut oil is extruded.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The principal economic activity is copra production, the Government copra plantation covering some 5,170 ha. The population in 1989 was estimated at 2,000, the great majority of whom live in London, Banana and Poland villages in the west.
She burnt a small quantity of straw and copra in an earthern incense bowl and took it out to him.
Translations:
copter
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Clipping of helicopter; see also -copter § Etymology.
Inflected forms:
form: copters
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: 'copter
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: copters
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: coptering
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: coptered
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: coptered
pos: verb
tags: past
form: 'copter
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A helicopter.
pos: noun
tags: informal
examples: 2005, Sin City (the film),
Shellie shouts something I can't quite make out over the racket of a passing police copter.
gloss: To helicopter: to transport by helicopter.
pos: verb
tags: informal
transitive
gloss: To helicopter: to travel by helicopter.
pos: verb
tags: informal
intransitive
gloss: To move like a helicopter.
pos: verb
tags: informal
intransitive
examples: The sidelong whiplash of his arm sent the boomerang soaring, pushing the sky to the horizon until the blade just hung there, a black slash on the sun so far away it seemed not to move at all before it came whirling back larger and larger: would it hit him, would he die — and you ducked down, terrified, clinging to his thigh, its deathspin slowing as it coptered softly down and he snatched it from the air.
Translations:
cosh
Part of speech: noun
verb
adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: education
Etymology: Probably from Romani košter (“stick”).
Inflected forms:
form: coshes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: coshes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: coshing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: coshed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: coshed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: more cosh
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most cosh
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: A weapon made of leather-covered metal similar to a blackjack.
pos: noun
gloss: A blunt instrument such as a bludgeon or truncheon.
pos: noun
gloss: The cane.
pos: noun
tags: UK
dated
slang
examples: There is no need here to digress on the advantages or otherwise of using a 'cosh' in schools […]
Often, he walked around the room with the cosh in his hand, taking slashes at legs that happened to stray sideways […]
gloss: To strike with a weapon of this kind.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: cozy; snug
pos: adj
tags: Scotland
Derived words: chemical cosh
cosh pocket
liquid cosh
under the cosh
Translations:
coss
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani کوس / कोस (kos). Doublet of krosa.
Inflected forms:
form: cosses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: coss
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cos
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: kos
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: kós
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: koss
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A measure of distance, varying from one and a quarter to two and a half English miles.
pos: noun
tags: British
India
South-Asia
examples: […] the distances (computed by marching-time as well as by reference to the Népálese kós of 2⅓ miles each) […]
A full half koss from bank to bank is the stream now – you can see it under the stars – and there are ten feet of water therein.
Translations:
couped
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: government
heraldry
hobbies
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
Etymology: See French couper (“to cut”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Cut off smoothly, as distinguished from erased (used especially for the head or limb of an animal).
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
cowman
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws
Proto-Germanic *kōz
Proto-West Germanic *kō
Old English cū
Middle English cow
English cow
Proto-Indo-European *mon-
Proto-Germanic *mann-
Proto-West Germanic *mann
Old English mann
Middle English man
Middle English -man
English -man
English cowman
From cow + -man.
Inflected forms:
form: cowmen
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A man involved in a free-range cattle business, in either ownership or hired hand roles.
pos: noun
gloss: A man involved in a dairy cattle or feedlot cattle business.
pos: noun
examples: One cousin was rich and had a beautiful estate; the other was poor and was overseer and cowman for his cousin.
[…] my cowman, who was George's successor at Road Farm […]
Derived words: cowmanship
Translations:
cowled
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English cowl
English -ed
English cowled
From cowl + -ed.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Wearing a cowl; hooded.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: She had thrown a shawl about her and, as they went together towards the tram, sprays of her fresh warm breath flew gaily above her cowled head and her shoes tapped blithely on the glassy road.
Very soon I became aware that I must have got off the path, for snow-cowled shrubs lay directly in my way […]
We went out into the moonless and tortuous network of that incredibly ancient town; went out as the lights in the curtained windows disappeared one by one, and the Dog Star leered at the throng of cowled, cloaked figures that poured silently from every doorway and formed monstrous processions up this street...
gloss: Fitted with a cowl. (of a chimney)
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: 1977, Richard Adams, The Plague Dogs, Penguin, 1978, Fit 6, p. 234,
There were […] drifts of wood-smoke blowing from cowled chimneys.
gloss: Cucullated.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
cowpea
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From cow + pea.
Compound parts: cow
pea
Inflected forms:
form: cowpeas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of the plants in the species Vigna unguiculata, including the black-eyed pea.
pos: noun
Translations:
cowpox
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From cow + pox.
Compound parts: cow
pox
Inflected forms:
form: cowpoxes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A pustular, eruptive skin disease of cattle caused by a virus of species Orthopoxvirus cowpox, with lesions occurring principally on the udder and teats. Human infection may occur from touching cows, and gives immunity to smallpox.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Translations:
cox
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Clipping of coxswain.
Inflected forms:
form: coxes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: coxes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: coxing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: coxed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: coxed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A coxswain of a boat, especially of a racing crew.
pos: noun
examples: A particularly nervous boy was appointed cox, and the steering principle explained to him by Joskins. Joskins himself took stroke. He told the others that it was simple enough; all they had to do was to follow him.
gloss: To act as coxswain for.
pos: verb
tags: ambitransitive
examples: The physicist Stephen Hawking used to cox for a college rowing team.
I coxed the lightweight 4+ yesterday.
Translations:
coxed
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Having a cox
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
craw
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Late Middle English, also attested as craue, from or related to Middle Dutch crāghe or Middle Low German crāghe (“collar, neck”), from Proto-Germanic *kragô (“throat”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *gʷrogʰ- or *gʷrh₃-gʰ- (“throat, gullet”), whence also Proto-Celtic *brāgants (“throat, gullet”) and perhaps Ancient Greek βρόχθος (brókhthos, “throat”). The root appears to be an extension of Proto-Indo-European *gʷerh₃- (“to swallow, devour”), though the identity and meaning of the suffix is unclear. Compare Latin gurges (“gulf, bay; whirlpool, eddy”).
Other Germanic cognates include Danish krave, German Kragen (“collar”) and Old Dutch kraga (“neck”) (whence modern Dutch kraag). See also crag (Etymology 2).
Inflected forms:
form: craws
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: crag
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The stomach of an animal.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: The crop of a bird.
pos: noun
Synonyms: crop
gullet
Derived words: crawful
crawthumper
crawthumping
stick in someone's craw
Translations:
cress
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: From Middle English cresse, crasse, from Old English cressa, cærse (“cress”), from Proto-West Germanic *krassjō, from Proto-Germanic *krasjô (“cress”). Cognate with West Frisian kers (“cress”), Dutch kers (“cress”), German Kresse (“cress”), Danish karse (“cress”), Swedish krasse (“cress”), Icelandic krassi (“cress”).
Inflected forms:
form: cresses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A plant of various species, chiefly cruciferous. The leaves have a moderately pungent taste, and are used as a salad and antiscorbutic.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Marcus Empiricus, a Roma physician, prescribed three scruples of cress, three of red onion, three of pine seed, three of Indian nard, for impotence.
Translations:
crewel
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Of unknown origin; earlier forms include crule, crewle, and croole.
Inflected forms:
form: crewels
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cruel
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: crewels
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: creweling
pos: verb
tags: US
participle
present
form: crewelling
pos: verb
tags: UK
participle
present
form: creweled
pos: verb
tags: US
participle
past
form: creweled
pos: verb
tags: US
past
form: crewelled
pos: verb
tags: UK
participle
past
form: crewelled
pos: verb
tags: UK
past
form: cruel
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Worsted yarn, slackly twisted, used for embroidery.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: First for a May-fly: you may make his body with greenish colored crewel or willowish color
gloss: To make (embroidery) using the crewel method.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Translations:
hadron
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ἁδρός (hadrós, “thick”) + -on. Coined by Russian physicist Lev Okun in 1962 in a plenary talk at the International Conference on High Energy Physics.
Affixes: -on
Inflected forms:
form: hadrons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A composite particle that comprises two or more quarks held together by the strong force and (consequently) can interact with other particles via said force; a meson or a baryon.
pos: noun
tags: particle
examples: The weak decays of b hadrons are dominated by the spectator model process whereby the b quark decays to a c quark (or occasionally a u quark) with the emission of an external W, while the non-b antiquark or diquark acts simply as a passive spectator to the decay.
One can use the lattice simulations, which do represent the rigorous consequences of non-perturbative QCD, as guidance for models of hadron structure.
And hence colour, which was initially an ad hoc concept, later turned out to be an empirically confirmed reality of hadrons.
Translations:
aviate
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Back-formation from aviator.
Inflected forms:
form: aviates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: aviating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: aviated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: aviated
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To operate an aircraft.
pos: verb
Translations:
balboa
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Named after Vasco Núñez de Balboa. See also Balboa.
Inflected forms:
form: balboas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The currency of Panama, divided into 100 centésimos
pos: noun
Translations:
batik
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Javanese bathikbor.
English batik
Borrowed from Javanese bathik.
Inflected forms:
form: batiks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: batiks
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: batiking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: batiked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: batiked
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A wax-resist method of dyeing fabric.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: There were batik dresses in which mingled indigo, orange, green, vermilion, and black; dresses of velvet and chiffon in screaming colors, blood-red, sulphur-yellow, sea-green; and one black and white thing in striking combination.
Look at her, whirling around the compound wearing batik shorts and a cotton shirt, her long black hair braided into two arcs fastened with colored bands, her teeth gleaming and one slipper broken.
gloss: To dye fabric using the wax-resist method.
pos: verb
Translations:
bebop
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Alteration of earlier rebop, nonsense syllables used in scat singing in the 1940s. Compare doo be doo be doo, doo-wop, etc.
Inflected forms:
form: bebops
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: bebopping
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: bebopped
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: bebopped
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An early form of modern jazz played by small groups and featuring driving rhythms and complex, often dissonant harmonies.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: To participate in bebop jazz, such as by dancing in a way associated with the genre.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Six months into their career, the Clash already showed themselves the equal of any rock band that had come before them, simply by assaulting the last frontier of rock mythology: the notion that the rock audience, like some sort of bebopping proletariat, was a receptacle of goodness and hope, and that rock 'n' roll offered redemption.
“The studios think we are having a horrible time out here,” said Richard Potter, a screenwriter who made “Strike Dancing,” a YouTube video showing pickets bebopping in formation to “Play That Funky Music.”
gloss: To walk in an easygoing, carefree manner.
pos: verb
tags: informal
intransitive
usually
examples: Typically one could spot Chet bebopping down the sidewalk in an Amish hat, or hunched over a cafeteria table discussing Calvinism or the Vietnam war.
I can't even say it was the people who board and casually whack off the top of your head with their slung-over-the-shoulder carry-ons as they obliviously bebop down the aisle to locate their seats.
Summer bebopped over, holding a cup of spiked punch in each hand.
Derived words: bebopper
Translations:
bitt
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Inflected forms:
form: bitts
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: bitts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: bitting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: bitted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: bitted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: The bitts.
pos: noun
gloss: A bollard.
pos: noun
gloss: To put round the bitts.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: to bitt the cable, in order to fasten it or to slacken it gradually, which is called veering away
Derived words: bitt-heads
bitt-pin
towing bitt
unbitt
Translations:
borate
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: chemistry
inorganic-chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Middle Persian *bōragbor.
Arabic بَوْرَق (bawraq)der.
Medieval Latin boraxder.
Anglo-Norman boreisbor.
Middle English boras
English borax
English boro-
Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃-der.?
Latin carbōlbor.
French carbonebor.
English carbonbf.
English -on
English bor(on)
English -ate
English borate
From bor(on) + -ate.
Inflected forms:
form: borates
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The oxyanion BO₃³⁻ or any of several more complex derivatives.
pos: noun
gloss: Any salt or ester formed by the combination of boric acid with a base or positive radical.
pos: noun
Related words: boron
Derived words: aluminium borate
ammonioborite
borate bomber
borated
boratian
borating
boratoan
caesium borate
cesium borate
carboborate
decaborate
diborate
fluoborate
hydroborate
hydroboration
hypoborate
inoborate
monoborate
nesoborate
orthoborate
oxoborate
pentaborate
perborate
phylloborate
polyborate
silico-borate
silicoborate
sodium terbium borate
soroborate
tektoborate
tetraborate
tetrahydroxyborate
tetraphenylborate
triborate
trimethylborate
trispyrazolylborate
tungstoborate
undecaborate
Translations:
bund
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From German Bund (“alliance, league”). Doublet of Bund, bond, and band.
Inflected forms:
form: bunds
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: bunds
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: bunding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: bunded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: bunded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A league or confederacy; especially the confederation of German states.
pos: noun
gloss: A group of foreign sympathizers of Nazi Germany, most notoriously before and during World War II.
pos: noun
gloss: To provide berms or other secondary enclosures to guard against accidental fluid spills within.
pos: verb
examples: Plant room floors are generally bunded and/or waterproofed to contain any leaks or spillages of liquids and fluids from faulty tanks, plant or pipe work.
Translations:
chaw
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: An unexplained variation of chewen (“to chew”). First attested in the sixteenth century. See chew for more. Cognate with Middle Dutch cauwen ("to chew"; whence Dutch kauwen), obsolete Dutch kauw (“the act of chewing, that which is chewed, chewed mass, wad of tobacco”), Middle Low German kauwen, kauen (“to chew”). Compare also Old English ġecow (“that which is chewed, food”) and *ġeċēaw (“chewing”), whence Middle English icheu (“gnawing, biting”).
Inflected forms:
form: chaws
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: chaws
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: chawing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: chawed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: chawed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: That which is chewed.
pos: noun
tags: countable
gloss: Chewing tobacco.
pos: noun
tags: Appalachia
informal
uncountable
examples: When the doctor told him to quit smoking, Harvey switched to chaw, but then developed cancer of the mouth.
"YOU give him a chaw, did you? So did your sister's cat's grandmother. You pay me back the chaws you've awready borry'd off'n me, Lafe Buckner, then I'll loan you one or two ton of it, and won't charge you no back intrust, nuther."
He […] went into the store and behind the counter and reached up and got the plug of chewing tobacco and unwrapped it and bit off a chaw.
Henry paused to see what kind of effect his words were having, but Red’s face was expressionless; all Henry could see was his jaw tensing rhythmically as he worked on his chaw.
gloss: To chew; grind with one's teeth; to masticate (food, or the cud).
pos: verb
tags: Southern-US
examples: The trampling steede, with gold and purple trapt,
And next to him malicious Envy rode,
Upon a ravenous wolfe, and still did chaw
Betweene his cankred teeth a venemous tode […]
The Man who laugh'd but once, to see an Ass
Mumbling to make the cross-grained Thistles pass,
Might laugh again, to see a Jury chaw
The prickles of unpalatable Law.
[…] the king he set down and twisted his head to one side, and chawed his tongue, and scrawled off something […]
Anne passed the lily. Beyond was the bed of pinks—white, clove, cinnamon. […] Anne's scissors chawed the wiry stems almost as sapless as the everlastings.
gloss: To ruminate (about) in thought; to ponder; to consider.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
examples: "I home retourning, fraught with fowle despight,
And chawing vengeaunce all the way I went,
Soone as my loathed love appeard in sight,
With wrathfull hand I slew her innocent;
gloss: To steal.
pos: verb
tags: UK
slang
examples: Some pikey's chawed my bike.
gloss: To be sulky.
pos: verb
tags: dialectal
intransitive
Derived words: chawbacon
chawer
chaw up
Translations:
chiton
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Ancient Greek χιτών (khitṓn, “tunic”), from a Central Semitic *kittan, from the Akkadian 𒌆𒃰 (kitû, literally “flax, linen”), from Sumerian 𒄑𒃰 (kitû [GIŠ.GADA]).
Inflected forms:
form: chitons
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: chitones
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: khiton
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A loose woolen tunic worn by men and women in Ancient Greece.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: On the night of our first attempt, we simply overdrank and passed out in our chitons in the woods near Francis’s house.
She wears a diaphanous himation that covers her torso, over a floor-length chiton of heavier fabric.
She wears a chiton and himation, using both hands to hold the edge of the latter, in which she has gathered apples.
Translations:
doing
Part of speech: noun
intj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: See do.
Inflected forms:
form: doings
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: dein
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Northumbria
form: deein
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Northumbria
form: doïng
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: dein
pos: intj
tags: alternative
Northumbria
form: deein
pos: intj
tags: alternative
Northumbria
form: doïng
pos: intj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A deed or action, especially when somebody is held responsible for it.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: This is his doing. (= "He did it.")
Draining that swamp is going to take some doing!
Mr. Dawe further calls his voyage “A Record of some Strange Doings at Sea.” They are strange doings, in fact, and yet not as novel as might be expected. They involve mutiny, piracy, shipwreck, and fights with Savages […]
gloss: The sound made by an elastic object when struck by or striking a hard object.
pos: intj
Translations:
bluet
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English blawede, blewed, blewet, bloued, blowed, bloweth, from Middle English blewe (“blue”). Alternatively, perhaps from Old French bleuet (diminutive of bleu (“blue”)). Compare modern French bleuet (“cornflower”). By surface analysis, blue + -et.
Inflected forms:
form: bluets
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of several different plants, from several genera, having bluish flowers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: My breathing shakes the bluet like a breeze ….
They passed undulating fields of wheat speckled with the confetti of poppies and bluets.
gloss: Any of several different plants, from several genera, having bluish flowers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any of several different plants, from several genera, having bluish flowers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any of several small damselfly species, including the genera Coenagrion and Enallagma.
pos: noun
tags: countable
gloss: A kind of blue woolen cloth.
pos: noun
tags: historical
uncountable
usually
examples: For the Feast of the Assumption, cloth of bluet and of rayed (i.e., striped) scarlet was bought for the robes of the Prince [Edward] and Sir John de Bretagne.
Bogo de Clare’s esquires were bought three cloths of scarlet ray and three of yellow cloth, together with furs and hoods of budge (lambskin). Bogo himself had bluet (blue cloth) and perse (dark-blue cloth), […]
The fact that both words [bleu and bluet] have a clear connection with the colour blue leads to the suggestion that bluets could be of any price, provenance, quality, size, or any other feature, but they all had colour in common. […] It is safe to assume that bluets were woad-dyed woollens and it should be understood that a single vat of woad dye could produce a huge range of blues.
Derived words: attenuated bluet
boreal bluet
creeping bluet
Translations:
cony
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English cony, back formation from conies (plural), from Anglo-Norman conis, the plural of connil (“rabbit”), from Latin cunīculus, of unknown origin. Cognate to Catalan conill, Dutch konijn, German Kaninchen, Spanish conejo, and Portuguese coelho. The original pronunciation was /ˈkʌni/ (for the spelling, compare honey and money), but the similarity to cunt (and particularly homophony with cunny) led through taboo avoidance both to the word's displacement in the main by rabbit and bunny and to the spelling-pronunciation /ˈkəʊni/ becoming standard.
Inflected forms:
form: conies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: coney
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: cunny
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: connie
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A rabbit, especially the European rabbit, Oryctolagus cuniculus (formerly known as Lepus cuniculus).
pos: noun
examples: I were skynnes of conny, / That causeth I loke so donny.
ORLANDO. Are you native of this place? / ROSALIND. As the cony that you see / dwell where she is kindled.
gloss: Rabbit fur.
pos: noun
tags: UK
dialectal
gloss: Locally for other rabbit-like or hyrax-like animals, such as the Cape hyrax (das, dassie) or the pika (Ochotona princeps, formerly Lagomys princeps).
pos: noun
gloss: Locally for other rabbit-like or hyrax-like animals, such as the Cape hyrax (das, dassie) or the pika (Ochotona princeps, formerly Lagomys princeps).
pos: noun
gloss: A simpleton; one who may be taken in by a cony-catcher.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
examples: It is a most simple animal; whence are derived our usual phrases of cony and cony catcher.
gloss: An edible West Indian fish, a grouper given in different sources as: Epinephelus apua, the hind of Bermuda; nigger-fish, Epinephelus punctatus; Cephalopholis fulva.
pos: noun
gloss: Any of certain members of family Epinephelidae of Atlantic groupers, such as mutton hamlets, graysby, Cuban coneys, and rooster hinds.
pos: noun
gloss: A burbot.
pos: noun
tags: UK
dialectal
gloss: A woman; a sweetheart.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
Synonyms: bunny
hare
Related words: Coney Island
Derived words: butter the cony
cony wool
Translations:
lang: Catalan
word: conill
lang: Czech
word: králík
lang: Hungarian
word: kinigli
lang: Polish
word: królik
lang: Russian
word: кролик
roman: krolik
lang: Tagalog
word: kuneho
lang: Tagalog
word: buot
lang: Tagalog
word: dagang-taingahan
cozen
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English coz(y)
English -en
English cozen
From coz(y) + -en.
Inflected forms:
form: cozens
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: cozening
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: cozened
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: cozened
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To become cozy; (by extension) to become acquainted, comfortable, or familiar with.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: "As I see it, Master Fraser, a 'bairn' ought to be verra concerned when a mon thrice her age cozens up to her."
A wasp nest cozened up in the corner of the far ceiling.
I heard someone at the swap meet say they were going to cozen up to someone, and someone else told me my sales pitch was a filibuster.
Translations: