yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
fetid
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin fēteō
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *-iðos
Latin -idus
Latin fētidusbor.
English fetid
Borrowed from Latin fētidus (“having offensive odour”), originally fēteō (“to stink”).
Inflected forms:
form: more fetid
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most fetid
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: foetid
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: fœtid
pos: adj
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: Foul-smelling, stinking.
pos: adj
examples: I caught the fetid odor of dirty socks.
[…] this room, where misfortune seems to ooze, where speculation lurks in corners, and of which Madame Vauquer inhales the warm, fetid air without being nauseated.
Hiro fakes toward the whorehouse, then cuts directly toward an exposed section of wall. The fabric of the building is tough, but his katana slices a six-foot rent through it with a single gliding motion, and then he's outside, spat out of the hole on a jet of fetid air.
gloss: Unpleasant.
pos: adj
tags: dated
slang
examples: "I'm not going to promise anything after the perfectly fetid way you're running off," she retorted.
Related words: asafoetida
Derived words: fetidity
fetidly
fetidness
fetid sweat
Translations:
leu
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Romanian leu (“lion”), from Latin leō (“lion”). Doublet of Leo, lev, lion, and Lyon.
Inflected forms:
form: lei
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The unit of currency of Romania, equal to one hundred bani.
pos: noun
gloss: The unit of currency of Moldova, equal to one hundred bani.
pos: noun
examples: Soon afterwards, it emerged that the Moldovan company Natural Gaz DC had signed a contract with Tiraspoltransgaz. Arkady Vikol, a co-owner of Natural Gaz DC, said the company planned to buy two to three million cubic metres of gas per day on European exchanges, generating around 3 million Moldovan lei per day (€150,000) in daily tax revenues for the Moldovan budget.
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: ле́я
roman: léja
lang: Catalan
word: leu
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 列伊
roman: lièyī
lang: Finnish
word: leu
lang: Greek
word: λέι
roman: léi
lang: Hungarian
word: lej
lang: Japanese
word: レウ
roman: reu
lang: Korean
word: 레우
roman: re'u
lang: Macedonian
word: леа
roman: lea
lang: Polish
word: lej
lang: Portuguese
word: leu
lang: Romanian
word: leu
lang: Russian
word: лей
roman: lej
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: леј
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: lej
lang: Slovak
word: leu
lang: Slovak
word: lei
lang: Ukrainian
word: лей
roman: lej
ark
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English arke, from Old English earc, ærc, from Latin arca (“chest, box, coffer”), from arceō (“to enclose”).
Inflected forms:
form: arks
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A large box with a flat lid.
pos: noun
examples: Then said he, "Your child is at home in the inner bedroom in a new cradle behind the ark."
gloss: The ship built by Noah to save his family and a collection of animals from the deluge; Noah's ark.
pos: noun
examples: In the midrash about Noah it says that Noah had a stone which, when held up in the darkness of the ark, would change color when the sun was shining outside.
gloss: Something affording protection; safety, shelter, refuge.
pos: noun
examples: the Ark of Bukhara
gloss: The body as a vessel.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
examples: Like her I go; I cannot stay;
⁠I leave this mortal ark behind,
A weight of nerves without a mind,
And leave the cliffs, and haste away […]
gloss: A spacious type of boat with a flat bottom.
pos: noun
examples: Some seventy or seventy-five arks were permanently located on McLeod's Lake and between 110 and 125 people lived in them.
gloss: The Ark of the Covenant.
pos: noun
tags: Judaism
gloss: A decorated cabinet at the front of a synagogue, in which Torah scrolls are kept.
pos: noun
tags: Judaism
Synonyms: barge
basket
chest
coffer
hutch
refuge
retreat
shelter
ship
vessel
Derived words: ark clam
ark-floater
arkful
arklike
ark load
arkload
Ark of the Covenant
ark shell
ark storm
arkwright
go out with the ark
Noah's ark
Noah's Ark
out of the ark
pig ark
Translations:
behead
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English beheden, bihefden, biheveden, from Old English behēafdian (“to behead”), equivalent to be- (“off, away”) + head.
Base: head
Affixes: be-
Inflected forms:
form: beheads
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: beheading
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: beheaded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: beheaded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To deliberately remove the head of; to cut off (someone's) head.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: “For a while it was hand-to-hand between us,
then blood went curling along the currents
and I beheaded Grendel's mother in the hall
with a mighty sword.”]
Translations:
curt
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From the Latin curtus (“shortened”). Cognate with Dutch kort, German kurz, Galician curto, French court, Italian corto, Portuguese curto, and Spanish corto. Doublet of short.
Inflected forms:
form: curter
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: curtest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Brief or terse, especially to the point of being rude.
pos: adj
examples: Again I begged her to keep an eye on her blood pressure and not get so worked up, and once more she brushed me off, this time with a curt request that I would go and boil my head. [...] Beginning with a curt “Listen, Buster,” she proceeded to sketch out with admirable clearness the salient points in the situation as she envisaged it […]
gloss: Short or concise.
pos: adj
Translations:
pontoon
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French ponton, from Old French ponton, from Latin pontō, pontōnem (“ferryboat”), from pōns (“bridge”).
Inflected forms:
form: pontoons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A flat-bottomed boat or other floating structure used as a buoyant support for a temporary bridge, dock or landing stage.
pos: noun
examples: Thanks to the previous experience of the chief performers, to careful preparation and rehearsal, and to perfect weather conditions, they watched in breath-bated silence the spectacle of the huge bulk moving without a hitch into position over the temporary pier caps on which it settled as water ballast was admitted to the pontoons.
gloss: A bridge with floating supports.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
gloss: A box used to raise a sunken vessel.
pos: noun
examples: Near-synonyms: caisson, camel, sea camel
gloss: A float of a seaplane.
pos: noun
gloss: A lighter or barge used for loading or unloading ships.
pos: noun
Derived words: pontooner
pontooning
pontoon party
tritoon
Translations:
firewire
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From fire + wire. In the first sense ("high-speed digital link standard"), the term was originally a trade name—capitalized FireWire—used by Apple Inc. as it developed the standard in the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Compound parts: fire
wire
Inflected forms:
form: firewires
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A high-speed digital link standard covered by the IEEE 1394-1995 standard.
pos: noun
gloss: A system of wires or tubes designed to detect fire and trigger automatic fire-extinguishers in an aircraft engine compartment for example.
pos: noun
Translations:
dilatory
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English dilatorie, from Old French dilatoire, from Latin dīlātōrius (“extending or putting off (time)”), from dīlātor, from differō. Not etymologically related to delay.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Intentionally delaying (someone or something), intended to cause delay, gain time, or adjourn decision.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: a dilatory strategy
Alva, as usual, brought his dilatory policy to bear upon his adversary with great effect.
gloss: Slow or tardy.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Derived words: bronchodilatory
dilatorily
dilatoriness
indilatory
predilatory
undilatory
vasodilatory
Translations:
freeware
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
software
Etymology: From free + -ware, a contraction of software; Coined by Andrew Fluegelman.
Base: free
Affixes: -ware
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Complete and functional software that does not require payment or other compensation (such as viewing advertising) for its use. Freeware may be a proprietary license with no access to the source code.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
necropsy
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
sciences
Etymology: From necro- + -opsy.
Base: necro
Inflected forms:
form: necropsies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: necropsies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: necropsying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: necropsied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: necropsied
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: The pathological examination of a corpse, particularly to determine cause of death.
pos: noun
examples: Anatomy theory led to morbid anatomy in necropsy studies pursued by, among others, Johann Wepfer (1620–95) and Théophile Bonet (1620–89), both Swiss.
During the necropsy, he pored carefully through the body, combing the tissues and organs for signs of an abscess or wound.
gloss: To perform a necropsy on.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Translations:
corset
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: business
finance
Etymology: From Middle English corset, from Old French corset. Equivalent to corse + -et.
Base: corse
Affixes: -et
Inflected forms:
form: corsets
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: corsets
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: corseting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: corsetting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: corseted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: corseted
pos: verb
tags: past
form: corsetted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: corsetted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A woman's foundation garment, reinforced with stays, that supports the waistline, hips and bust.
pos: noun
examples: Today was Sunday, and Aunt Alexandra was positively irritable on the Lord’s Day. I guess it was her Sunday corset.
gloss: A tight-fitting gown or basque worn by both men and women during the Middle Ages.
pos: noun
tags: historical
gloss: A regulation that limited the growth of British banks' interest-bearing deposits.
pos: noun
tags: UK
historical
gloss: To enclose in a corset; to wear a corset.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Mabel dreaded the upcoming ball and the preliminary corseting it would entail.
gloss: To restrict or confine.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
examples: I will not remain corseted by your notions of what is and is not proper!
They were trying to free the lives of women of all sexualities and genders that were tightly corseted by lack of basic social and economic rights.
Synonyms: stays
bodice and underbodice
Derived words: anticorset
corseted
corset effect
corsetery
corsetless
corsetlike
corsetmaker
corsetmaking
corsetry
corsetwear
diaper corset
hourglass corset
neck corset
Translations:
cathexis
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: human-sciences
medicine
psychoanalysis
psychology
sciences
Etymology: From Ancient Greek κάθεξις (káthexis, “holding, retention”). The term entered the English language as a translation for the common everyday German word Besetzung, which in the context of psychoanalysis means "occupation" in the sense of a position or something being occupied or filled, and not a military occupation of a place or the filling of job positions (although it can also mean either of these in other contexts). (In English translations, a Greek word was used to be more scientific.)
Inflected forms:
form: cathexes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The concentration of libido or emotional energy on a single object or idea.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: How contemporary artistic performances elicit cathexis on the part of the audience and promote unifying social rituals.
Translations:
oversexed
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Germanic *uber
Old English ofer-
Middle English over-
English over-
English sexed
English oversexed
From over- + sexed.
Inflected forms:
form: more oversexed
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most oversexed
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Having a greater than normal sexual appetite
pos: adj
examples: Where American Jewish men contend with stereotypes of being oversexed, needy, nebbishy and neurotic (like Woody Allen, boo hiss), Jewish women are cast as withholding, bossy, exotic, and materialistic (like Fran Drescher, which honestly? Goals).
Translations:
grandnephew
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English grand-
English nephew
English grandnephew
From grand- + nephew.
Inflected forms:
form: grandnephews
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: grand-nephew
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A grandson of one's sibling; a son of one's nephew or niece. (Brother's grandson: fraternal grandnephew. Sister's grandson: sororal grandnephew.)
pos: noun
Translations:
nephew-in-law
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English nephew
English -in-law
English nephew-in-law
From nephew + -in-law.
Inflected forms:
form: nephews-in-law
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Someone's niece's husband
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's nephew's husband (where same-sex marriage is recognised)
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's nephew's husband (where same-sex marriage is recognised)
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's nephew's husband (where same-sex marriage is recognised)
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's nephew's husband (where same-sex marriage is recognised)
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's nephew's husband (where same-sex marriage is recognised)
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's nephew's husband (where same-sex marriage is recognised)
pos: noun
gloss: Someone's spouse's nephew.
pos: noun
tags: rare
gloss: Someone's spouse's nephew.
pos: noun
tags: rare
Related words: aunt-in-law
niece-in-law
uncle-in-law
Translations:
lang: Chinese Cantonese
word: 姪女婿 /侄女婿
roman: zat⁶ neoi⁵ sai³
lang: Chinese
word: 孫婿 /孙婿
roman: sun-saì
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 姪女婿 /侄女婿
roman: zhínǚxù
lang: Chinese Cantonese
word: 外甥女婿
roman: ngoi⁶ sang¹ neoi⁵ sai³
lang: Chinese
word: 外女婿
roman: gōe-sng-saì, gōe-seng-saì
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 外甥女婿
roman: wàishēngnǚxù
mantra
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit मन्त्र (mantra), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mántras, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *men- (“to think”). Related to mind.
Inflected forms:
form: mantras
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The hymn portions of the Vedas; any passage of these used as a prayer.
pos: noun
tags: Hinduism
examples: This mantra is also known as Guru Mantra or Savitri Mantra. The mention of Gayatri Mantra is found in all the four Vedas where its essence has been explained repeatedly. The Rig Veda, the oldest of the Vedic scriptures, has mentioned about […]
gloss: A phrase repeated to assist concentration during meditation.
pos: noun
examples: However, the five-syllable mantra is unique, for according to Kukai, it unleashes the power of emptiness already impregnated in each letter as a primeval episode of the Dharmakaya's cosmic meditation in which he created all sorts of mantras […]
gloss: A slogan or phrase often repeated.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
examples: The pre-match mantra from the Scotland camp may have been of it not being a “must win” game but that fooled no-one, Poland’s win in Georgia earlier last night simply crystallised how vital it was for the Scots not to lose any more ground at this stage of an intensely competitive campaign.
Related words: aum
om
Derived words: mantraless
mantralike
mantric
Translations:
flounce
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: business
manufacturing
sewing
textiles
Etymology: Probably of North Germanic origin, from Norwegian flunsa (“hurry”), perhaps ultimately imitative. Or, perhaps formed on the pattern of pounce, bounce.
Inflected forms:
form: flounces
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: flouncing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: flounced
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: flounced
pos: verb
tags: past
form: flounces
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To move in a bouncy, exaggerated manner.
pos: verb
examples: There was a continual coming and going of flouncing, pig-tailed forms, until the table was closely covered with dishes, scarlet curries with surface currents of ochreous oil, three varieties of what looked like seaweed (inevitably recommended as abundant in vitamins), a paste made of ground beans and chillis...
gloss: To depart in a dramatic, haughty way that draws attention to oneself.
pos: verb
examples: After failing to win the leadership election, he flounced dramatically.
'Oh certainly,' retorted Tinette impudently, as she flounced out of the room.
You got your ass kicked and instead of admitting you might have made a mistake, you flounced.
But love Mensch or hate her, don't buy the line that she merely got bored and flounced: for whatever else she achieved in politics, she was never exactly stuck for ways to make it interesting.
In 1946, the International Whaling Commission (IWC) was established to regulate whale stocks and “make possible the orderly development of the whaling industry”. It attempted to impose quotas and move the industry toward something more sustainable. This proved difficult, so the IWC simply gave up and imposed a moratorium on whaling altogether. Some countries flounced out in a huff; others had never joined in the first place.
gloss: To flounder; to make spastic motions.
pos: verb
tags: archaic
examples: To flutter and flounce will do nothing but batter and bruise us.
With his broad fins and forky tail he laves / The rising surge, and flounces in the waves.
gloss: To decorate with a flounce.
pos: verb
gloss: A strip of decorative material, usually pleated, attached along one edge; a ruffle.
pos: noun
examples: Mind you, clothes were clothes in those days. […] Frills, ruffles, flounces, lace, complicated seams and gores: not only did they sweep the ground and have to be held up in one hand elegantly as you walked along, but they had little capes or coats or feather boas.
gloss: The act of flouncing; a dramatic departure.
pos: noun
examples: Emma Watson’s approach is in stark contrast to that of Daniel Day-Lewis; a man who, despite being the greatest actor on earth, is somewhat prone to a flounce. […] Day-Lewis announced that he had retired from acting, putting out a statement that read: “Daniel Day-Lewis will no longer be working as an actor.”
gloss: A row of corrugations, skin folds, or spines, on the hemipenis of a snake.
pos: noun
Derived words: flouncer
flouncingly
afflouncement
flounce post
flouncey
flouncy
Translations:
hemp
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *hanapiz
Proto-West Germanic *hanapi
Old English henep
Middle English hemp
English hemp
Inherited from Middle English hemp, from Old English henep, from Proto-West Germanic *hanapi, from Proto-Germanic *hanapiz. Doublet of cannabis and canvas.
Inflected forms:
form: hemps
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A tall annual herb, Cannabis sativa, native to Asia.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Among Turks, pills consisting of hemp buds, muscat nuts, saffron, and honey were a popular aphrodisiac.
gloss: Various products of this plant, including fibres and the drug cannabis.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The gallows.
pos: noun
tags: countable
historical
slang
uncountable
examples: A hundred and fifty years ago, Cotton Mather bewails the carnal attractions of the tavern and the training field, and tells of an old Indian, who imperfectly understood the English tongue but desperately mastered enough of it to express a desire for instant hemp rather than listen to any more ghostly consolations.
Related words: cannabis
marijuana
ganja
bhang
THC
Derived words: bastard hemp
bowstring hemp
brown hemp
Canadian hemp
crack-hemp
false hemp
hemp bush
hempcrete
hempen
hemp heart
hempish
hemplike
hemp milk
hemp-nettle
hemp nettle
hemp palm
hemp seed
hempseed
Hemp State
hemp tree
hemp-vine
hempvine
hempweed
hemp-widow
hempwort
hempy
Indian hemp
Jubbulpore hemp
Madras hemp
Manila hemp
Manilla hemp
riverhemp
sann hemp
stretch hemp
Sunn hemp
wag hemp
Translations:
pygmy
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
Etymology: From Latin Pygmaeī, from Ancient Greek πυγμαῖος (pugmaîos, “a member of a race of dwarves”), from πυγμή (pugmḗ, “fist (as small as a fist)”).
Inflected forms:
form: pygmies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pigmy
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: more pygmy
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most pygmy
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: pigmy
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A member of one of various Ancient Equatorial African tribal peoples, notable for their very short stature.
pos: noun
tags: capitalized
often
examples: I've seen unicorns in Burma and a yeti in Nepal; / and I've danced with ten-foot Pygmies in a Montezuma Hall.
Although Pygmies are relatively protected against gene flow from other populations, many Pygmy tribes show extensive gene replacement and few have remained relatively unaltered.
gloss: A member of a race of dwarfs.
pos: noun
tags: Greek
examples: Ctesias lived in Persia for several years, as the personal physician of King Ataxerxes II, and would have had contact with travellers to India, and Indian visitors to Persia. He describes dog-headed humans, pygmy men who grow their beards so long that they can be used as clothes, and affirms that it never rains in India.
gloss: Any dwarfish person or thing.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
figuratively
offensive
examples: It was so high up that the people walking about in the street below looked like pygmies.
gloss: An insignificant person, at least in some respect.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
figuratively
offensive
examples: On the world stage Germany is an economic giant but a political pygmy, Britain in comparison a political giant but an economic pygmy.
gloss: Relating or belonging to the Pygmy people.
pos: adj
gloss: Like a pygmy; unusually short or small for its kind.
pos: adj
examples: Amongst foodgrains, as we travelled from the green South and East towards the dry North and West, the pygmy crop of rice gave way to the tall bajra and jowar.
Synonyms: dwarf
midget
pygmyish
dwarfish
Antonyms: giant
ettin
Related words: pygmoid
Negrito
Derived words: African pygmy goat
American pygmy goat
cotton pygmy goose
Eurasian pygmy owl
micropygmy
pygmy backswimmer
pygmy blue whale
pygmy chimpanzee
pygmy cormorant
pygmydom
pygmy falcon
pygmy giant panda
pygmy hippo
pygmy hippopotamus
pygmy hog
pygmyhood
pygmyish
pygmyism
pygmy killer whale
pygmy loach
pygmy marmoset
pygmy owl
pygmy percher
pygmy pipes
pygmy placed on the shoulders of giants
pygmy possum
pygmy rabbit
pygmy right whale
pygmy sperm whale
pygmy squid
pygmy tyrant
pygmy woodpecker
snake and pygmy pie
western pygmy blue
Translations:
recalcitrant
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from French récalcitrant, in derived from Latin recalcitrāns, recalcitrantis, present participle of recalcitrō, recalcitrāre (“be disobedient, kick back [as a horse]”), from calx (“heel”), 1820s.
Inflected forms:
form: more recalcitrant
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most recalcitrant
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: recalcitrants
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Marked by a stubborn unwillingness to obey authority.
pos: adj
examples: His nimble fancy was recalcitrant to mental discipline.
There was something in her manner so reminiscent of the school teacher reprimanding a recalcitrant pupil that Mr. Snyder's sense of humor came to his rescue.
The incentive to this first-class performance was a 14 min. late start from Hellifield, due to a recalcitrant van door which could not be properly secured.
Kenya's official "Cowan Plan," named after a colonial prison administrator, decreed that recalcitrant prisoners "be manhandled to the site and forced to carry out the task."
Once pregnant, women were typically kept at hard labor until until their fifth month and recalcitrant pregnant women were made to lie in trenches that accommodated their bellies so that they could be beaten without harming the unborn child.
gloss: Unwilling to cooperate socially.
pos: adj
gloss: Difficult to deal with or to operate.
pos: adj
examples: The more labile organic constituents of complex dissolved and particulate organic matter are commonly hydrolyzed and metabolized more rapidly than more recalcitrant organic compounds that are less accessible enzymatically.
The Hansa had no legal status, independent finances or a common institutional framework, while the major weapon against recalcitrant members (or opponents) was the threat of embargo.
Particularly recalcitrant examples which made it impossible to remove actual words while maintaining the balance of the set were resolved by altering a consonant in the base word to create a new base form.
However, when a clinician is faced with a more recalcitrant case, it is important to remember to ask the patient whether psychological, social, or occupational stress might be contributing to the activity of the skin disorder.
The temptation is to regard him [John Ogdon] as an idiot savant, a big talent bottled inside a recalcitrant body and accompanied by a personality that seems not just unremarkable, but almost entirely blank.
gloss: Not viable for an extended period; damaged by drying or freezing.
pos: adj
gloss: A person who is recalcitrant.
pos: noun
Antonyms: compliant
obedient
amenable
cooperative
eager
orthodox
Derived words: biorecalcitrant
recalcitrance
recalcitrancy
recalcitrantly
Translations:
DIY
Part of speech: verb
adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Initialism of do it yourself.
Inflected forms:
form: DIYs
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: DIYing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: DIY-ing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: DIYed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: DIYed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: more DIY
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most DIY
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: To perform oneself a task usually relegated to an expert.
pos: verb
examples: 2007 [publication date], Maggie Bullock, "Home Improvement", Elle, January 2008 ed., page 108,
Huber was a physicist. Even top Estée Lauder chemists who took over for Huber in 1995 found that... any attempt to cheat on his original formula produced disappointing results, which demands the question: If they couldn't DIY, can you?
Ukrainian civilians have been DIY-ing hedgehogs, welding two bars or beams at an angle to make a cross and then adding a third to ensure it holds its shape even if it's knocked over.
gloss: Do-it-yourself.
pos: adj
examples: Do you know where I could find a DIY pipe repair kit?
The product knowledge of salespeople is very high, which enables them to serve the demanding customer groups such as professional painters and builders, in addition to the usual DIY consumers.
That is more DIY, more punk, anyway.
A temple abbot who used a DIY guillotine to behead himself in hope of attaining enlightenment might have misinterpreted some things along the way, Thailand’s religious authorities said yesterday.
Translations:
cooperation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: First attested in 1620–1630. Borrowed from French cooperation, from Late Latin cooperātiō. By surface analysis, co- + operation or cooperate + -ion.
Base: cooperate
Affixes: -ion
Inflected forms:
form: cooperations
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: co-operation
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: coöperation
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The act of cooperating.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: Active help from a person, organization, etc., such as an orderly sharing of space or resources.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: South Korea is seeking cooperation from China to produce artificial rain to help fight increasing pollution.
gloss: Association for mutual benefit, such as for purposes of production or purchase.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Antonyms: competition
Related words: cooperative
Derived words: cooperationism
coopetition
noncooperation
protocooperation
uncooperation
Translations:
great-nephew
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English great-
English nephew
English great-nephew
From great- + nephew.
Inflected forms:
form: great-nephews
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Synonym of grandnephew.
pos: noun
Translations:
contort
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Equivalent to con- + -tort; from Middle English, borrowed from Latin contortus, past participle of contorqueō, from com- + torqueō (“twist, turn”).
Inflected forms:
form: contorts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: contorting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: contorted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: contorted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To twist in a violent manner.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: features contorted with fury
gloss: To twist into or as if into a strained shape or expression.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
Synonyms: deform
detort
twist
Derived words: contorter
contortion
contortionist
contortive
Translations:
peasant
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Late Middle English paissaunt, from Anglo-Norman paisant, from Old French païsant, païsan (“countryman, peasant”), from païs (“country”), from Latin pāgus (“countryside”) + Old French -enc (“member of”), from Frankish -inc, -ing "-ing"; which was an alteration of earlier Late Latin pāgēnsis (“inhabitant of a district”). Doublet of paisano.
Via Latin pāgus cognate with pagan (compare typologically, see there for more).
Inflected forms:
form: peasants
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.
pos: noun
examples: The Ambassador warned him of the consequences if his mission to Moscow were a failure, both to Churchill's position at home and to Russia's prospects in the war. He insisted that he should not allow himself to be offended 'by a peasant who didn't know any better'. Churchill listened in silence, then returned to the dacha leaving Clark Kerr outside.
gloss: A country person.
pos: noun
gloss: An uncouth, crude or ill-bred person.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
gloss: A worker unit.
pos: noun
gloss: Characteristic of or relating to a peasant or peasants; unsophisticated.
pos: adj
tags: attributive
not-comparable
examples: peasant class
2007, Brad Bird, Ratatouille, spoken by Colette
Ratatouille? It's a peasant dish. Are you sure you want to serve this to Ego?
gloss: Lowly, vulgar; reprehensible; dishonest.
pos: adj
tags: derogatory
not-comparable
obsolete
examples: Oh what a Rogue and Pesant slave am I?
Derived words: antipeasant
nonpeasant
peasant blouse
peasantess
peasanthood
peasantish
peasantism
peasantist
peasantize
peasantless
peasantlike
peasantly
peasantness
peasantry
peasantship
peasant shirt
peasant top
peasantwear
peasanty
Russian peasant multiplication
technopeasant
Translations:
obfuscation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Middle English obfuscacioun, from Latin obfuscātiō, obfuscātiōnem, from obfuscāre (“to darken”), from ob (“over”) + fuscāre (“to make dark”), from fuscus (“dark”).
Inflected forms:
form: obfuscations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act or process of obfuscating, or obscuring the perception of something; the concept of concealing the meaning of a communication by making it more confusing and harder to interpret.
pos: noun
tags: formal
uncountable
examples: Until the 1920s, American newspapers heavily relied upon their London correspondents, the British Press and Reuters (which had a mutually beneficial, monopoly agreement with the Government of India for preferential access) for news about India. The news was hence generally from the British perspective and news obfuscation attempts on events that cast the Raj in a poor light, like details of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, usually succeeded.
gloss: The act or process of obfuscating, or obscuring the perception of something; the concept of concealing the meaning of a communication by making it more confusing and harder to interpret.
pos: noun
tags: formal
uncountable
examples: You need to turn on obfuscation for these classes.
gloss: Confusion, bewilderment, or a baffled state resulting from something obfuscated, or made more opaque and muddled with the intent to obscure information.
pos: noun
tags: formal
uncountable
gloss: A single instance of intentionally obscuring the meaning of something to make it more difficult to grasp.
pos: noun
tags: countable
formal
examples: During the debate, the candidate sighed at his opponent's obfuscations.
Related words: obfuscate
obfuscatory
Derived words: deobfuscation
obfuscational
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: замъгляване
roman: zamǎgljavane
lang: French
word: obscurcissement
lang: German
word: Verdunkelung
lang: German
word: Vernebelung
lang: German
word: Verschleierung
lang: Greek
word: συσκότιση
roman: syskótisi
lang: Portuguese
word: ofuscamento
lang: Turkish
word: gizleme
lang: Turkish
word: perde çekme
budda
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: buddas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Eremophila mitchellii, a sandalwood-like plant native to Australia.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Translations:
Aramaic
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Latin Aramaicus, from Ancient Greek Ἀραμαϊκός (Aramaïkós), itself a calque of Aramaic ܐܪܡܝܐ / אָרָמָיָא (ʾārāmāyā, “Aramean”) using Ἀράμ f (Arám, “Aram”, the name of a land originally covering central regions of what is now Syria) (from Aramaic ܐܪܡ / ארם (ʾarām)) + -ικός (-ikós, adjective suffix) (compare with Ἀραμαῖος (Aramaîos, “Aramean”), and the latter with Χαναναῖος (Khananaîos, “Chananean”), from Χαναάν f (Khanaán, “Canaan”) + -αῖος (-aîos)). By surface analysis, Aram + -ic.
Affixes: -ικός
Inflected forms:
form: Aramaïc
pos: adj
tags: alternative
archaic
form: Aramaics
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: Aramaïc
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: Referring to the Aramaic language, alphabet, culture or poetry.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: An Aramean.
pos: noun
Translations:
bouquet
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: card-games
cartomancy
games
human-sciences
mathematics
mysticism
philosophy
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *buskaz
Frankish *buskbor.
Early Medieval Latin boscus
Old French boisder.
Old French bochet
French bouquetubor.
English bouquet
Unadapted borrowing from French bouquet, from Old French bochet, from bois, from Early Medieval Latin boscus (“grove”), borrowed from Frankish *busk, from Proto-Germanic *buskaz. Doublet of bosket.
Inflected forms:
form: bouquets
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A bunch of cut flowers.
pos: noun
examples: For my birthday I received two bouquets.
gloss: A decoratively arranged bunch of something.
pos: noun
examples: Each table was adorned with a bouquet of giant balloons.
Aunt Cass rearranged the bouquet of spoons in the little vase on the table.
gloss: The scent of a particular wine.
pos: noun
examples: This Bordeaux has an interesting bouquet.
gloss: The middle note of a perfume.
pos: noun
examples: The remarkable flower bouquet lasts for hours until it dissolves into a sweet vanilla smell.
gloss: A compliment or expression of praise.
pos: noun
examples: Since his early death in 1953, a cult, small and select, has grown up around him […]. This coterie maintains that Burns was a writer of near transcendent genius […] whose first novel received enormous bouquets from the critics but who was hounded to death by those same critics when they learned he was a fag.
gloss: A bouquet of circles.
pos: noun
gloss: The reserve of cards in the game of Flower Garden and variations.
pos: noun
gloss: The ninth Lenormand card, sometimes called Flowers instead.
pos: noun
Related words: ambush
bush
bouquet garni
nosegay
corsage
posy
Derived words: bouquetlike
bouquet of circles
bouquet of spheres
bouquets and brickbats
fruit bouquet
kitchen bouquet
Translations:
glabrous
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin glaber (“smooth; bald, hairless”) + English -ous (suffix forming adjectives, denoting possession or presence of a quality in any degree, commonly in abundance). Glaber is ultimately derived from Proto-Indo-European *gʰleh₂dʰ- (“smooth; bright, shining”), possibly from *ǵʰelh₂- (“to shine”).
Inflected forms:
form: more glabrous
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most glabrous
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Bald, hairless; smooth.
pos: adj
examples: [T]he Vernacula or French Elm, whoſe leaves are thicker, and more florid, glabrous and ſmooth, delighting in the lower and moiſter grounds, where they will ſometimes riſe to above an hundred foot in height; […]
[Crotalaria obtecta] Stems tall, erect, branched: stipules not decurrent: leaves simple, usually glabrous on the upper side: […] legumes oblong, many-seeded, glabrous or softly pubescent.
'I am bound by precedent,' said the First Lord, turning a vast glabrous expressionless face from Harte to Sir Joseph.
Adriaan rose, pulling out his limbering glabrous cock, his eyes happy.
The glabrous old head cranks round on him, stiff and slow, until the clouded eyes draw level with his own.
Antonyms: hirsute
Translations:
astonish
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Probably an alteration (due to words ending in -ish: abolish, banish, cherish, establish, furnish, etc.) of earlier astony, astone, astun (“to astonish, stun”), from Middle English astoneyen, astonen (“to stun, astonish”), variant of stonen, stoneyen (“to stun, astonish”) prefixed with a-. However, compare Old French estonir, a rare variant of estoner (“to stun, astonish”).
Inflected forms:
form: astonishes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: astonishing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: astonished
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: astonished
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To surprise greatly.
pos: verb
examples: "I have no right to give my opinion," said Wickham, "as to his being agreeable or otherwise. I am not qualified to form one. I have known him too long and too well to be a fair judge. It is impossible for me to be impartial. But I believe your opinion of him would in general astonish — and perhaps you would not express it quite so strongly anywhere else. Here you are in your own family."
Translations:
postcard
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English post
English card
English postcard
From post + card.
Inflected forms:
form: postcards
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: post card
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: post-card
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: postcards
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: postcarding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: postcarded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: postcarded
pos: verb
tags: past
form: post card
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: post-card
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard, typically used for sending messages by mail without the need for an envelope.
pos: noun
gloss: To send a postcard to someone.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: to postcard one's friends
gloss: To send by means of a postcard.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: to postcard one's news
Translations:
serf
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English serf, from Old French serf, from Latin servus (“slave, serf, servant”).
Inflected forms:
form: serfs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A partially free peasant of a low hereditary class, attached like a slave to the land owned by a feudal lord and required to perform labour, enjoying minimal legal or customary rights.
pos: noun
examples: See how the serfs work the ground / And they give it all they’ve got
gloss: A similar agricultural labourer in 18th and 19th century Europe.
pos: noun
gloss: A worker unit.
pos: noun
Related words: service
servile
servitor
servitude
servo
slave
Derived words: enserf
microserf
nonserf
serfage
serfdom
serfhood
serfish
serfism
serflike
serfship
Translations:
pastor
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: Catholicism
Christianity
Protestantism
Roman-Catholicism
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: From Middle English pastour, from Old French pastor (Modern French pasteur), from Latin pāstor.
Inflected forms:
form: pastors
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pastour
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: pastors
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: pastoring
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: pastored
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: pastored
pos: verb
tags: past
form: pastour
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Someone who tends to a flock of animals: synonym of shepherd.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: Someone with spiritual authority over a group of people.
pos: noun
tags: countable
gloss: Someone with spiritual authority over a group of people.
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
examples: The pastor told CNN on Tuesday that no members of his megachurch have contracted the virus. MacArthur also said he doubted the accuracy of California’s coronavirus numbers. […] Most of the pastors who have bucked the rules are fringe figures in American Christianity.
gloss: A bird, the rosy starling.
pos: noun
examples: Agricultural officers have put it on record that the pastor must on balance be considered beneficial on account of the vast quantities of locusts which it destroys.
gloss: To serve a congregation as pastor
pos: verb
tags: ambitransitive
stative
examples: As they pastored churches in Georgia and Texas, they supported talented black politicians who were unable to win statewide office.
Related words: al pastor
Derived words: copastor
impastor
pastorage
pastoral
pastorate
pastoress
pastorhood
pastorize
pastorless
pastorlike
pastorly
pastorpreneur
pastorship
pastress
rose-colored pastor
rose-coloured pastor
rosy pastor
subpastor
Translations:
stochasticity
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English stochastic
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ts
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts
Latin -itāsder.
Old French -itebor.
Middle English -ite
English -ity
English stochasticity
From stochastic + -ity.
Inflected forms:
form: stochasticities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The quality of lacking any predictable order or plan.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
ignoble
Part of speech: adj
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French ignoble, from Latin ignōbilis, from in- (“not”) + gnōbilis, later nōbilis (“noble”).
Inflected forms:
form: ignobler
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: ignoblest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: ignobles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: ignobling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: ignobled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: ignobled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: Not noble; plebeian; common.
pos: adj
examples: I was not ignoble of descent.
gloss: Not honorable; base.
pos: adj
examples: A base, ignoble mind, / That mounts no higher than a bird can soar.
far from the madding crowd's ignoble strife
gloss: Not a true or "noble" falcon; said of certain hawks, such as the goshawk.
pos: adj
gloss: Of an element, dangerously reactive.
pos: adj
gloss: To make ignoble; to bring low.
pos: verb
Synonyms: common
plebeian
vulgar
Antonyms: noble
honorable
Derived words: ignobility
ignobleness
ignobly
Translations:
yakka
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Yagara yaga (“work”).
Inflected forms:
form: yakker
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: yakker
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Work.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
uncountable
examples: The demand for work and abortion shows that feminists have been coopted by the wimps, whose ideal is the single mother yoked to tough yakka; for it frees them to drift between bedrooms and bathhouses.
The slaves who do all the yakka could be another species, small and easily bullied. Failing that, enslaved humans will do.
I have seen way too many cheap cranksets go to the pack after a small amount of x-country and minor technical yakka off-road.
gloss: To work.
pos: verb
tags: Australia
Translations:
time-tested
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more time-tested
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most time-tested
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: time tested
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Tested and proved to be reliable over a period of time.
pos: adj
Translations:
khamsin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Egyptian Arabic خَمْسِين (ḵamsīn, “fifty”); see khamaseen for more.
Inflected forms:
form: khamsins
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: chamsin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: hamsin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: khamseen
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: khamaseen
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: kamsin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: kamseen
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A hot, dry wind, common in Egypt, Sudan and the Levant towards the end of March and April, which blows (for about 50 days each year) from the desert, bringing with it hot weather and sand / sandstorms.
pos: noun
examples: That second spring the khamseen was worse than I have ever known it before or since.
Translations:
ribald
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English ribald, from Old French ribaud, ribauld (“rogue, scoundrel”) ( > English ribaud), from Old French riber (“to be licentious”), from Frankish *rīban (“to copulate, be in heat”, literally “to rub”), from Proto-Germanic *wrībaną (“to turn, twist, writhe”), from Proto-Indo-European *werp-, *werb- (“to turn, twist”) + Old French -aud, from Frankish *-wald.
Related to Old High German rīban (“to rub”), German reiben (“to rub”), Dutch wrijven (“to rub”). Compare also Old High German hrība (“prostitute”). See also English wrap.
Inflected forms:
form: ribalder
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: more ribald
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: ribaldest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: most ribald
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: ribauld
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: ribalds
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: ribauld
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Coarsely, vulgarly, or lewdly amusing; referring to sexual matters in a rude or irreverent way.
pos: adj
examples: [L]et no zealous Christian trust the rogue,—the filthy ribald rascal is a liar.
But when he died the "Reform Democracy" instinctively returned to its vomit of ribald insult.
[T]he curious crowd had collected in the street […], with here and there a scoffer uttering his incredulity and courage with scornful remarks or ribald cries.
Anyway up against Reba McEntire, '60s-rock-bred big city escapee K.T. Oslin comes off both more ribald ("Younger Men") and prouder of the bras and bridges she used to burn ("'8s Ladies") in her best country hits.
Baron Cohen turns his attentions back towards England, satirising the Establishment’s contempt for what Nobby himself proudly calls “scum” with ribald and corrosive glee.
The “South Park” social media account responded, “Wait, so we ARE relevant?” and added a ribald hashtag.
gloss: A person who is filthy or vulgar in nature.
pos: noun
examples: After, he made an harlot, a ribald, come to him alone for to touch his members and his body, to move to lechery.
Translations: