valerian
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Old French valeriane or Medieval Latin valeriāna, a reinterpretation of what is found as German Baldrian after valēre (“to be powerful”) or also the gentilic name Valerius, which is seemingly borrowed in the Dark Age period from the late 6ᵗʰ to early 8ᵗʰ century from Turkic or Proto-Mongolic, when the Pannonian Avars were direct neighbours to the Germans, notably also present in Hungarian bojtorján (“burdock”), ultimately from Proto-Mongolic, reflected as
Middle Mongol ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷᠭᠠᠨ᠎ᠠ (balčirɣan-a, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as ᠪᠠᠯᠴᠢᠷ (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix ᠭᠠᠨᠠ (-ɣana),
Mongolian балчиргана (balčirgana, “false hellebore; angelica”), composed as балчир (balčir, “infant; young, tender, fresh, rank”) + plant name suffix -гана (-gana).
See Ottoman Turkish بالدران (baldıran, “hemlock”) for Turkic cognates.
Inflected forms:
form: valerians
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A hardy perennial flowering plant, Valeriana officinalis, with heads of sweetly scented pink or white flowers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: In the event of anyone wishing to invoke the very Prince of Spirits, the following ingredients were prescribed to be burnt - Juice of Hypericon, Saffron, Artemisia, and the root of Valerian.
Tobacco and the plant valerian are also considered to be anaphrodisiac in their effects, diminishing sexual inclination.
gloss: More generally, any plant of the genus Valeriana.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The root of Valeriana officinalis, used in herbal medicine.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: An extract of the dried roots of the Valeriana officinalis used in herbal medicine as a sedative.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Synonyms: allheal
cat thyme
Derived words: red valerian
Translations:
lang: Arabic
word: نَارْدِين
roman: nārdīn
lang: Arabic
word: نَارَدِين
roman: nāradīn
lang: Arabic
word: حَشِيشَةُ الْقَطَّة
roman: ḥašīšatu l-qaṭṭa
lang: Arabic
word: سُنْبُل رُومِيّ
roman: sunbul rūmiyy
lang: Azerbaijani
word: pişikotu
lang: Bulgarian
word: диля́нка
roman: diljánka
lang: Bulgarian
word: валериа́на
roman: valeriána
lang: Bulgarian
word: ко́тешка би́лка
roman: kóteška bílka
lang: Catalan
word: valeriana vera
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 纈草 /缬草
roman: xiécǎo
lang: Czech
word: kozlík lékařský
lang: Czech
word: kozlík
lang: Czech
word: baldrián
lang: Czech
word: odolen
lang: Esperanto
word: valeriano
lang: Finnish
word: rohtovirmajuuri
lang: French
word: valériane
lang: Galician
word: brizo
lang: Galician
word: verliá
lang: Galician
word: verliana
lang: Georgian
word: კატაბალახა
roman: ḳaṭabalaxa
lang: Georgian
word: ვალერიანი
roman: valeriani
lang: German
word: Baldrian
lang: German
word: Katzenbaldrian
lang: Greek
word: βαλεριάνα
roman: valeriána
lang: Hebrew
word: שִׁבֹּלֶת רֹומִיית
roman: šibbṓleṯ rōmīṯ
lang: Hebrew
word: וָלֶרְיָאן
roman: wāleryān
lang: Hungarian
word: orvosi macskagyökér
lang: Icelandic
word: garðabrúða
lang: Irish
word: caorthann corraigh
lang: Italian
word: valeriana
lang: Japanese
word: セイヨウカノコソウ
roman: seiyō kanokosō
lang: Japanese
word: 西洋鹿の子草
roman: seiyō kanokosō
lang: Japanese
word: 西洋鹿子草
roman: seiyō kanokosō
lang: Japanese
word: ヴァレリアン
roman: varerian
lang: Korean
word: 넓은잎쥐오줌풀
roman: neolbeunipjwiojumpul
lang: Korean
word: 서양쥐오줌풀
roman: seoyangjwiojumpul
lang: Macedonian
word: валеријана
roman: valerijana
lang: Manx
word: kere hallooin
lang: Manx
word: kere lheannagh
lang: Mongolian
word: бамбай
roman: bambaj
lang: Occitan
word: valeriana
lang: Persian
word: سنبل طیب
roman: sonbol-e tib
lang: Persian
word: علف گربه
roman: 'alaf-e gorbe
lang: Piedmontese
word: valerian-a
lang: Polish
word: kozłek
lang: Polish
word: odolan
lang: Polish
word: baldrian
lang: Portuguese
word: valeriana
lang: Romanian
word: valeriană
lang: Romanian
word: odolean
lang: Russian
word: одоле́нь
roman: odolénʹ
lang: Russian
word: одоле́й
roman: odoléj
lang: Russian
word: одоле́я
roman: odoléja
lang: Russian
word: валериа́на
roman: valeriána
lang: Russian
word: валерья́на
roman: valerʹjána
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: одо̀љен
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: валерија́на
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: odòljen
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: valerijána
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: mȁčkina tráva
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: mȁčkova tráva
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: mȁčina tráva
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: mȁcina tráva
lang: Slovak
word: odolen
lang: Slovak
word: valeriána
lang: Slovak
word: kozlík
lang: Slovak
word: baldrián
lang: Slovene
word: odolȋn
lang: Slovene
word: báldrijan
lang: Slovene
word: špajka
lang: Spanish
word: valeriana
lang: Swedish
word: vänderot
lang: Swedish
word: läkevänderot
lang: Tagalog
word: baleryana
lang: Tatar
word: песи үләне
roman: pesi üläne
lang: Turkish
word: kedi otu
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: كدی اوتی
roman: kedi otu
lang: Ukrainian
word: одоля́н
roman: odolján
lang: Ukrainian
word: валеріа́на
roman: valeriána
lang: Welsh
word: triaglog