yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
retirement
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French retirement, from retirer (“withdraw, retire”); corresponding to retire + -ment.
Base: retire
Affixes: -ment
Inflected forms:
form: retirements
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An act of retiring; withdrawal.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: After dinner there was the peaceful pipe that Tulloch had forecast, and mutual reminiscences until the long clock in the corner, striking the smallest hour of the morning, prompted Tulloch to suggest retirement.
gloss: The state of being retired; seclusion.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: The heir to the throne of Bogota […] had to undergo a rigorous training from his infancy: he lived in complete retirement in a temple, where he might not see the sun nor eat salt nor converse with a woman: he was surrounded by guards who observed his conduct and noted all his actions.
gloss: A place of seclusion or privacy; a retreat.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
countable
uncountable
examples: When her mother frowned, and her friend looked cool, she would steal to this retirement, where human foot seldom trod […].
gloss: The state of having permanently left one's employment, now especially at reaching pensionable age; the portion of one's life after retiring from one's career.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: "I tried retirement ten years ago. Didn't think much of it. Complete waste of time. So I gave it up after two weeks."
A.I. is described as the new electricity. It’s even bigger than fire. Don’t bother saving money for retirement because everyone will be rich rich rich.
gloss: The act of leaving one's career or employment permanently.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The Chelsea captain was a virtual spectator as he was treated to his side's biggest win for almost two years as Stamford Bridge serenaded him with chants of "there's only one England captain," some 48 hours after he announced his retirement from international football.
Related words: retire
Derived words: deed of retirement
early retirement
early retirement pensioner
microretirement
miniretirement
nonretirement
postretirement
preretirement
protirement
retirement annuity contract
retirement annuity plan
retirement community
retirement home
retirement syndrome
retirement village
semiretirement
unretirement
Translations:
clarify
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English clarifien, from Old French clarifiier, from Latin clārificō, clārificāre; clārus (“clear”) + faciō, facere (“make”). Semantically clear + -ify.
Base: clear
Affixes: -ify
Inflected forms:
form: clarifies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: clarifying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: past
form: no-table-tags
pos: verb
tags: table-tags
form: glossary
pos: verb
tags: inflection-template
form: clarify
pos: verb
tags: infinitive
form: clarify
pos: verb
tags: first-person
present
singular
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: first-person
past
singular
form: clarify
pos: verb
tags: present
second-person
singular
form: clarifiest
pos: verb
tags: archaic
present
second-person
singular
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: past
second-person
singular
form: clarifiedst
pos: verb
tags: archaic
past
second-person
singular
form: clarifies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: clarifieth
pos: verb
tags: archaic
present
singular
third-person
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: past
singular
third-person
form: clarify
pos: verb
tags: plural
present
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: past
plural
form: clarify
pos: verb
tags: present
subjunctive
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: past
subjunctive
form: clarify
pos: verb
tags: imperative
present
form: -
pos: verb
tags: imperative
past
form: clarifying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: clarified
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
Senses:
gloss: To make or become clear or bright by freeing from impurities or turbidity.
pos: verb
tags: ergative
examples: What's the best way to clarify cooking oil?
Leave the wine for 24 hours and it will clarify.
gloss: To make or become clear or easily understood; to explain or resolve in order to remove doubt or obscurity.
pos: verb
tags: broadly
examples: Please clarify what you mean by this.
Over time, the situation gradually clarified.
To clarify his reason, to rectify his will.
We assimilate cultural interpretations based on the value our cultural editors determine and the level of abundance we are allowed to have without violating tribal horizons. I should clarify that I am not suggesting that we are passive recipients of everything the cultural editors tell us about ourselves.
The report does not clarify what investigation the supervisor did, if any, to assess the suspect's allegations, or how he determined that the allegations were false. Supervisors also fail to provide recommendations for how to ensure officer safety and minimize the need for force going forward.
gloss: To glorify.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
Related words: clarification
Derived words: clarifiability
clarifiable
explainify
reclarify
Translations:
lang: Azerbaijani
word: aydınlaşmaq
lang: Bulgarian
word: избистрям се
roman: izbistrjam se
lang: Bulgarian
word: изяснявам се
roman: izjasnjavam se
lang: Dutch
word: klaren
lang: Finnish
word: selkeytyä
lang: German
word: klar werden
lang: Portuguese
word: clarear
lang: Russian
word: проясни́ться
roman: projasnítʹsja
lang: Turkish
word: temizlenmek
lang: Turkish
word: arınmak
fired
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: ceramics
chemistry
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *péh₂wr̥
Proto-Germanic *fōr
Proto-West Germanic *fuir
Old English fȳr
Middle English fyr
English fire
English -ed
English fired
From fire + -ed.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: dismissed, terminated from employment.
pos: adj
gloss: Heated in a furnace, kiln, etc., to become permanently hardened.
pos: adj
Derived words: coalfired
nonfired
overfired
over-fired
underfired
under-fired
unfired
woodfired
you're fired
Translations:
tourism
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-nos
Proto-Indo-European *tórh₁nos
Proto-Hellenic *tórnos
Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos)bor.
Latin tornus
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin tornō
Old French torner
Old French tourder.
English tour
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Indo-European *-mos
Proto-Indo-European *-mós
Ancient Greek -μός (-mós)
Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.
English -ism
English tourism
From tour + -ism.
Inflected forms:
form: tourisms
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of travelling or sightseeing, particularly away from one's home.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: Mass tourism damaged the beach.
The state treats Jeju tourism as ideological contraband. […] By criminalizing tourism, the state criminalizes faith.
gloss: The industry in which such travels and sightseeing are organized.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: Tourism brings a lot of tax revenue to the area.
gloss: The act of visiting another region or jurisdiction for a particular purpose.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
uncountable
usually
examples: libel tourism; suicide tourism; sex tourism
Related words: tourist
Derived words: abortion tourism
accessible tourism
adventure tourism
agritourism
agrotourism
alcotourism
alternative tourism
antitourism
apitourism
aquatourism
architourism
astrotourism
avitourism
benefit tourism
birth tourism
bookstore tourism
burglary tourism
class tourism
conscious tourism
crime tourism
cultural tourism
cybertourism
dark tourism
disaster tourism
ecotourism
educational tourism
enotourism
ethnotourism
faith tourism
fertility tourism
film tourism
fuel tourism
gambling tourism
gastrotourism
geotourism
ghetto tourism
health tourism
jungle tourism
libel tourism
literary tourism
mass tourism
medical tourism
nontourism
overtourism
party tourism
pescatourism
phototourism
poorism
posttourism
protourism
religious tourism
romance tourism
sex tourism
space tourism
suicide tourism
sustainable tourism
teletourism
thanatourism
tourismphobia
tourist
undertourism
VFR tourism
voluntourism
war tourism
Translations:
legislation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Late Latin lēgislātiō (“the giving of the law”). Morphologically legislate + -ion.
Base: legislate
Affixes: -ion
Inflected forms:
form: legislations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: pass legislation
There is a lack of legislation about human cloning.
gloss: A law which has been enacted by legislature or other governing body.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: The general rule is that constitutional provisions are self-executing, except when the provisions themselves expressly require legislations to implement them […]
Gov. Gavin Newsom signed legislation on Sunday banning the sale at grocery checkouts of all plastic bags, regardless of thickness.
Derived words: antilegislation
counterlegislation
delegated legislation
delegislation
Magnitsky legislation
overlegislation
postlegislation
prelegislation
primary legislation
relegislation
secondary legislation
subordinate legislation
subsidiary legislation
Translations:
freely
Part of speech: adj
adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English frely, freelich, from Old English frēolīc (“free, freeborn, glorious, stately, magnificent, noble, beautiful, charming”), equivalent to free + -ly. Compare Middle Low German vrilik, vrigelik (“free”), Middle High German vrīlich (“free”).
Base: free
Affixes: -ly
Inflected forms:
form: freelier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: more freely
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: freeliest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: most freely
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: frely
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: freelier
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: more freely
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: freeliest
pos: adv
tags: superlative
form: most freely
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Free; frank.
pos: adj
gloss: Generous; noble; excellent; beautiful; lovely.
pos: adj
gloss: In a free manner.
pos: adv
examples: Wine was flowing freely.
gloss: Without interference or restriction.
pos: adv
examples: talk freely
I found that the Chapelon steamed almost too freely, because on a strange locomotive and road one usually tends to overfire a little through a natural lack of confidence.
gloss: Of one's own free will.
pos: adv
examples: I will freely help you.
Related words: at will
frankly
openly
costlessly
Derived words: unfreely
breathe freely
Translations:
ringgit
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from Malay ringgit (literally “jagged”).
Inflected forms:
form: ringgit
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: ringgits
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The currency of Malaysia
pos: noun
examples: […] Malays at the famous Night Market speak with awe about the Chinese tourists who spend “a thousand ringgits a week just eating fish.”
Translations:
trampoline
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
sciences
Etymology: From Spanish trampolín and/or Italian trampolino; in English, a genericized trademark based on the Spanish word trademarked in 1936, but attested since 1798.
Inflected forms:
form: trampolines
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: trampolin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: trampolines
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: trampolining
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: trampolined
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: trampolined
pos: verb
tags: past
form: trampolin
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A gymnastic and recreational device consisting of a piece of taut, strong fabric or rubber stretched over a (usually steel) frame using many coiled springs as anchors.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: No man was ever known to poſſeſs ſuch wonderful activity as Mr. Ireland, the flying Phœnomenon, at the Royal Circus; he poſitively leaps over a large tilted waggon and four horſes, and performs a number of other feats equally aſtoniſhing; he is a young man of about 23 years of age, 6 feet and an inch high, and does not make uſe of a ſpring board or trampoline.
Though the name of the Four Cleos may not be familiar, their pranks are. They perform on that apparatus resembling a spring mattress, which has been dubbed the “trampoline,” owing to some confusion with the Anglicised form of tremplin (springboard).
gloss: A competitive sport in which athletes are judged on routines of tricks performed on a trampoline.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: Any of a variety of looping or jumping instructions in specific programming languages.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any of a variety of indirection techniques in specific programming languages.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: To jump (as if) on a trampoline.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: My heart trampolined into my throat as I watched Lonnie's grip tighten on the stock of his own shotgun […]
It would be helpful if data collected on sporting-related activities more clearly identified if the injuries occurred in organized sport or recreational activity. For example, children trampolining unsupervised in the garden may be at a higher risk than those in a supervised class but the relative degrees of risk are not known.
gloss: To rewrite (computer code) to use trampoline instructions.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: trampolined code
Derived words: double mini trampoline
minitrampoline
retpoline
trampette
trampoline effect
trampoliner
trampolinist
Translations:
age-old
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Very old; having existed for a long time; ancient or well-established.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: They still make pottery by hand, in the age-old tradition.
It is a striking fact that it seems to be an age-old tradition amongst locomotive designers that a 0-6-0 tender engine must have inside cylinders.
And on a programme of works of this magnitude, passengers will need to be mindful of the age-old maxim of 'no gain without pain'.
Translations:
Indo-Iranian
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English Indo-
English Iran
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Italic *-nos
Latin -nus
Latin -ānus
Latin -iānusbor.
English -ian
English Iranian
English Indo-Iranian
From Indo- + Iranian.
Inflected forms:
form: Indo-Iranians
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of any peoples speaking such a language.
pos: noun
gloss: Of or relating to such a language or member.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
couscous
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French couscous, from Arabic كُسْكُس (kuskus), from a Berber language. First use appears c. 1593.
Inflected forms:
form: couscouses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cuscousou
pos: noun
tags: alternative
dated
form: cuscusu
pos: noun
tags: alternative
dated
Senses:
gloss: A pasta of North African origin made of crushed and steamed semolina.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Karou took the plate of couscous and vegetables.
Translations:
scratchpad
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From scratch + pad.
Compound parts: scratch
pad
Inflected forms:
form: scratchpads
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A pad of paper for preliminary notes or sketches or writings, etc.
pos: noun
gloss: A piece of temporary memory to hold details of a current conversation, usually scratchpad memory.
pos: noun
Translations:
tzigane
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From the Hungarian cigány via French tzigane, from Byzantine Greek ἀθίγγανος (athínganos, “untouchable”).
Cognate to Italian zigano, zingano and zingaro, Spanish cíngaro, German Zigeuner, Dutch zigeuner, Afrikaans sigeuner, Portuguese cigano, Romanian țigan, Polish Cygan, Czech Cikán, Serbo-Croatian cigan, Russian цыган (cygan), Turkish Çingene. Doublet of zingaro.
The other major categories of words for the Roma are cognates of Rom (words related to the Romani people's autonyms) and cognates of Gypsy (words related to Egypt); see those entries for more information.
Inflected forms:
form: tziganes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A Hungarian Gypsy (Romani person).
pos: noun
tags: offensive
sometimes
Translations:
tyrannicide
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French tyrannicide, from Middle French tyrannicide, from Latin tyrannicīda. Equivalent to tyrant + -cide.
Base: tyrant
Affixes: -cide
Inflected forms:
form: tyrannicides
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The killing of a tyrant.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
skillet
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Old French escuëlette, diminutive of escuëlle (“a porringer”), (French écuelle), from Vulgar Latin scutella, diminutive of scutra, scuta (“tray, dish”). Compare scuttle (“basket”).
Inflected forms:
form: skillets
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: skillets
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: skilleting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: skilleted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: skilleted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A large and heavy saucepan or frying pan with legs and, usually, a long handle designed for heating food in a fireplace.
pos: noun
tags: UK
historical
gloss: A pan for frying, generally large and heavy.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: Heat some oil in a cast-iron skillet and add the onions.
Inside this paper plane
Note my words are Navy sealed
So here and I quote
Taboo and I are in the same boat
What's said from Pennywise
I guess we all float
Sky is the limit, I could die in a minute
Got my mind in a skillet
Suicide not a mission
See the vibe very timid
I'm timid and very sad
Translated my thoughts and feelings
I pivot into the pad
gloss: A dish or meal cooked in such a pan.
pos: noun
tags: US
attributive
sometimes
examples: This is an easy skillet with potatoes and bacon.
Can you make up a quick skillet hash?
gloss: To cook in a skillet.
pos: verb
tags: US
examples: Now that the season has arrived in many parts of the country for the nimrods to load their trusty Thirty-Thirties and go forth in quest of the elusive deer, it seems an appropriate time to say a word about the skilleting of venison — which can be a pretty tough and dry proposition if not properly handled.
That said, Danton in manhood is probed and skilleted, admired and reviled in a multitude of memoirs written by contemporaries who love him, loathe him or simply stand and watch as the Danton tempest roars past.
Derived words: drop like a hot skillet
homeskillet
skillet bread
skillet corn bread
Translations:
circumambulate
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Latin circumambulatus, past participle of circumambulare (“to walk around”). Equivalent to circum- + ambulate.
Base: ambulate
Affixes: circum-
Inflected forms:
form: circumambulates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: circumambulating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: circumambulated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: circumambulated
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To walk around something in a circle, especially for a ritual purpose.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Circumambulate the city of a dreamy Sabbath afternoon.
Translations:
staphylococcus
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from translingual Staphylococcus. By surface analysis, staphylo- + -coccus.
Inflected forms:
form: staphylococci
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A spherical gram-positive parasitic bacterium of the genus Staphylococcus, causing blisters, septicemia, and other infections.
pos: noun
examples: This Scottish bacteriologist accidentally discovered the antibiotic penicillin after bacteria-killing fungus formed on staphylococci cultures he had left unattended.
Translations:
transcontinental
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *terh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-t
Proto-Indo-European *térh₂t
Proto-Indo-European *-ónts
Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂ónts
Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂n̥ts
Proto-Italic *trāns
Proto-Italic *trāns-
Latin trans-bor.
English trans-
English continent
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English continental
English transcontinental
From trans- + continental.
Inflected forms:
form: trans-continental
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: transcontinentals
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: trans-continental
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Crossing or spanning a continent.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: In that year [1871] British Columbia decided to become part of the Dominion of Canada, on condition that a transcontinental railway should be completed without delay.
It is the transcontinental trains which figure most prominently in railway advertising. Both railways run two trains in each direction.
gloss: a transcontinental railroad.
pos: noun
tags: in-plural
examples: Stretched across the Dominion of Canada are two parallel but dissimilar railways - the continent's only true transcontinentals north of the Rio Grande.
Translations:
transcribe
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
computing
engineering
entertainment
human-sciences
lifestyle
linguistics
mathematics
microbiology
music
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin trānscrībere (“to write again in another place, transcribe, copy”).
Inflected forms:
form: transcribes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: transcribing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: transcribed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: transcribed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To convert a representation of language, typically speech but also sign language, etc., to a written representation of it. The term now usually implies the conversion of speech to text by a human transcriptionist with the assistance of a computer for word processing and sometimes also for speech recognition, the process of a computer interpreting speech and converting it to text.
pos: verb
gloss: To make such a conversion from live or recorded speech to text.
pos: verb
examples: The doctor made several recordings today which she will transcribe into medical reports tomorrow.
gloss: To transfer data from one recording medium to another.
pos: verb
gloss: To adapt a composition for a voice or instrument other than the original; to notate live or recorded music.
pos: verb
gloss: To cause DNA to undergo transcription.
pos: verb
gloss: To represent speech by phonetic symbols.
pos: verb
Related words: scribe
transcribble
transcription
translate
transliterate
Derived words: cotranscribe
hypertranscribe
mistranscribe
pretranscribe
retranscribe
retrotranscribe
transcribability
transcribable
transcriber
Translations:
tonal
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: entertainment
human-sciences
lifestyle
linguistics
music
sciences
Etymology: From tone + -al.
Base: tone
Affixes: -al
Inflected forms:
form: more tonal
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most tonal
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: tonals
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: tona
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of or relating to tones or tonality.
pos: adj
examples: Songs for the family-table on Sabbaths and holidays—songs which give those various holy days tonal expression and which aim to spiritualize the meals.
gloss: Of or relating to the general character, mood, or trend of something.
pos: adj
examples: The lurid way the story played out felt like a tonal shift for Empire, but not necessarily a bad one—in the process of shedding its cool costume-drama attitude for grotesque family dysfunction, the episode felt for once less like a story about Prohibition and more one about a specific set of people.
gloss: Employing tones that have a predictable relationship to some tonic.
pos: adj
gloss: Employing differences in pitch (tones) to distinguish differences in the meaning of otherwise similar words (words which would otherwise be homophonic).
pos: adj
gloss: An animal companion which accompanies a person from birth to death.
pos: noun
examples: When a tonal suffers misfortune or death, the same thing happens to the person associated with it.
Antonyms: atonal
Related words: tonality
tonally
Derived words: antitonal
equitonal
microtonal
monotonal
neotonal
nontonal
pantonal
polytonal
pretonal
semitonal
subtonal
tonal center
tonalism
tonalist
tonal noise
tritonal
Translations:
surpass
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle French surpasser (“to pass beyond”). By surface analysis, sur- + pass. Displaced native Old English oferstīgan (literally “to climb over”).
Inflected forms:
form: surpasses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: surpassing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: surpassed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: surpassed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To go beyond or exceed (something) in an adjudicative or literal sense.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The former problem student surpassed his instructor's expectations and scored top marks on his examination.
The heavy rains threatened to surpass the capabilities of the levee, endangering the town on the other side.
“Two or three months more went by; the public were eagerly awaiting the arrival of this semi-exotic claimant to an English peerage, and sensations, surpassing those of the Tichbourne case, were looked forward to with palpitating interest.[…]”
He celebrated at full-time with a beaming smile as he collected the match ball and he notched up another milestone by becoming the sixth Welshman to surpass 50 Premier League goals.
Translations:
turban
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: business
clothing
fashion
lifestyle
manufacturing
textiles
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French turbant, from Italian turbante, from Ottoman Turkish دلبند (tülbent), from Classical Persian دلبند (dulband), also the root of tulip.
Inflected forms:
form: turbans
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: turbant
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: tulipant
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: turbans
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: turbaning
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: turbaned
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: turbaned
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A man's headdress made by winding a length of cloth round the head.
pos: noun
examples: Me thinks I ſee the Turke nodding vvith his Turban, and telling me that I ſhould thanke Heaven for that diſtance vvhich is betvvixt us, els he vvould ſvvallovv me all up at one morſell; […]
From India and the golden Cherſoneſs, / And utmoſt Indian Iſle Taprobane, / Dusk faces vvith vvhite ſilken Turbants vvreath'd: […]
‘Nay, I cannot move another step,’ he howled. ‘I am old and my turban is lost. Arré! Arré!’
The case was that of a murder. It had an element of mystery about it, however, which was puzzling the authorities. A turban and loincloth soaked in blood had been found; also a staff.
gloss: A woman's close-fitting hat with little or no brim.
pos: noun
gloss: The complete set of whorls of a spiral shell.
pos: noun
gloss: A towel wrapped around long wet hair in a manner resembling a turban.
pos: noun
examples: Towel hair wraps come in a mixture of materials, from microfibre to polyester, while satin and silk are the go-to materials for sleep turbans.
While there are certainly other towel turbans on the market, this one has women scratching their heads in confusion and asking: 'How does it work so well?'
gloss: To cover (a person's head) with a turban.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: While the law did not specifically target Sikhs, turbaned Sikh schoolchildren attending state schools were severely affected
When we arrived to the shop the man in charge told the staff to turban our heads.
Derived words: enturban
French turban
turban buttercup
turbanesque
turbanette
turbanize
turbanless
turbanlike
turban lily
turbanned
turban shell
turban snail
turban squash
turban-top
turbanwise
Turk's turban
yoka star turban
Translations:
sweater
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English swētere, equivalent to sweat + -er.
Base: sweat
Affixes: -er
Inflected forms:
form: sweaters
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: sweaters
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: sweatering
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: sweatered
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: sweatered
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A knitted jacket or jersey, usually of thick wool, worn by athletes before or after exercise.
pos: noun
gloss: A similar garment worn for warmth.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: We could slip away / Wouldn't that be better? / Me with nothing to say / And you in your autumn sweater
gloss: One who sweats (produces sweat).
pos: noun
examples: The cardiologist who administered Alex's exercise stress test on August 21 observed during that test that Alex was a profuse sweater.
gloss: One who or that which causes to sweat.
pos: noun
examples: We learn of the cruelty of some school or child-factory from journalists; we learn it from inspectors, we learn it from doctors, we learn it even from shame-stricken schoolmasters and repentant sweaters; but we never learn it from the children; we never learn it from the victims.
gloss: A diaphoretic remedy.
pos: noun
gloss: An exploitative middleman who subcontracted piece work in the tailoring trade.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: If the piecework system had not existed there never would have been any sweatees. The men who are sweaters, I am sorry to say, are men who formerly belonged to our union.
gloss: One who sweats coins, i.e. removes small portions by shaking them.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: A London street ruffian in Queen Anne's time who prodded passers-by with his sword-point.
pos: noun
tags: UK
obsolete
examples: Among them were the "sweaters" who formed a circle round their prisoner and pricked him with their swords until he sank exhausted to the ground, […]
gloss: To dress in a sweater.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Derived words: Bill Cosby sweater
Cosby sweater
polo-necked sweater
polo neck sweater
sweater dress
sweater-dress
sweaterdress
sweater girl
sweaterless
sweaterlike
sweatermaker
sweater meat
sweater puppies
sweater up
sweater vest
sweatery
turtleneck sweater
Translations:
estrange
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Old French estranger (“to treat as a stranger”), from Latin extraneus (“foreigner, stranger”) (from which also strange, stranger). Also see Spanish extraño.
Inflected forms:
form: estranges
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: estranging
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: estranged
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: estranged
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To cause to feel less close or friendly; alienate. To cease contact with (particularly of a family member or spouse, especially in form estranged).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: And thou thyself, Jaacob Yitzchak, dost thou mind how thou meantest to follow me and estrangedst thyself from me the more?
gloss: To remove from an accustomed place or set of associations.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Related words: strange
stranger
Derived words: estrangement
estranger
Translations:
disclose
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English disclosen, from Middle French desclos, from Old French desclore, itself from Vulgar Latin disclaudere, from Latin dis- + claudere (“to close, shut”) or as a variant of discludo, discludere (cf. disclude). By surface analysis, dis- + close.
Inflected forms:
form: discloses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: disclosing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: disclosed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: disclosed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To open up; unfasten.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
examples: The estrich layeth her eggs under sand, where the heat of the discloseth them.
gloss: To uncover; physically expose to view.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The shells being broken, […] the stone included in them is thereby disclosed and set at liberty.
And it seemed to me that the dream smote the roof above my bed, and the roof opened and disclosed the outer dark, and in the dark travelled a bearded star, and the night was quick with fiery signs.
Some [nest toys] open to disclose a set of babies, tumbling dolls with weights, or old men might open so that they could be used as money-boxes.
Its brown curtain was only half drawn, disclosing the elegant legs, clad in transparent black, of a female seated inside.
gloss: To expose to the knowledge of others; to make known; state openly; reveal (something).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Her lively looks a sprightly mind disclose.
If I disclose my passion, / Our friendship's at an end.
Skogan's study is based on weak data. Worse yet, he fails to disclose […] that his data reveal no statistically significant relationship between disorder and crime with regard to four out of five crime variables. Skogan only […] discusses the results of the one test that supports the […] theory
I feel duty bound to disclose I'm trans. I have a certain emotional investment in the relationship, [so] I've decided I have to disclose, and it scares me.
Disclosing to a child his or her own HIV-positive status is yet another complicated process. Who should disclose and when and how that person should do it are prominent questions […]
Synonyms: expose
reveal
make known
publish
Antonyms: cover up
withhold
Related words: disclosure
Derived words: disclosable
discloser
disclosive
predisclose
redisclose
undisclose
undisclosing
Translations:
goof-up
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From goof up.
Inflected forms:
form: goof-ups
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A mistake or problem.
pos: noun
tags: slang
examples: The letter they sent was a goof-up; it was intended for someone else.
Translations:
overspend
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Germanic *uber
Old English ofer-
Middle English over-
English over-
English spend
English overspend
From over- + spend.
Inflected forms:
form: overspends
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: overspending
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: overspent
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: overspent
pos: verb
tags: past
form: overspends
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To spend too much money; especially, to spend more than one earns.
pos: verb
examples: To get out of debt, first keep a budget and be careful not to overspend.
gloss: The amount by which someone or something is overspent.
pos: noun
examples: Whether an underspend or overspend is significant depends upon the size of the budget. A £1,000 overspend on an £8,000 drugs budget is very significant, but a £1,000 overspend may not be significant on a £300,000 ward budget.
Electrification was not included in anticipated CP6 spending, after cost uncertainties following the Great Western Main Line overspend led to cutbacks by the Department of Transport to contain costs.
Translations:
respondent
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: law
Inflected forms:
form: respondents
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: more respondent
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most respondent
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: One who responds; one who replies.
pos: noun
gloss: A defendant, especially in a case instituted by a petition or in appellate and divorce proceedings.
pos: noun
gloss: A person replying to a questionnaire.
pos: noun
gloss: Disposed or expected to respond; answering; according; corresponding.
pos: adj
examples: wealth […]respondent […]to payment and contributions
Related words: correspondent
Translations:
sincere
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French sincere, from Latin sincerus (“genuine”), from Proto-Indo-European *sem- (“together”) (whence English sam) + *ḱer- (“grow”) (whence Latin Ceres, the goddess of harvest, etymon of cereal).
Not from sine (“without”) + cera (“wax”), a folk etymology; see Wikipedia page.
Inflected forms:
form: more sincere
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: sincerer
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most sincere
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: sincerest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Genuine; meaning what one says or does; heartfelt.
pos: adj
examples: I believe he is sincere in his offer to help.
Tumid blustering, with more or less of sincerity, which need not be entirely sincere, yet the sincerer the better, is like to go far.
My sincerest apologies to Brother Ron Smith in the December ish.
If you choose to pull the trigger, should your drama prove sincere
Do it somewhere far away from here
gloss: Meant truly or earnestly.
pos: adj
examples: She gave it a sincere if misguided effort.
The message that through sincere teshuvah and resolution, light and gladness can be achieved by all, is most fitting for the opening of the Yom Kippur service.
gloss: clean; pure
pos: adj
tags: archaic
Synonyms: earnest
Antonyms: insincere
Related words: cereal
Ceres
crescent
sincerity
sincereness
Derived words: oversincere
supersincere
unsincere
Translations:
lenient
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
sciences
Etymology: From Middle French lénient, from Latin lēniēns (whence -i- + -ent), present participle of lēnīre (“to soften, soothe”), from lēnis (“soft”).
Affixes: -i-
-ent
Inflected forms:
form: more lenient
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most lenient
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: lenients
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Lax; not strict; tolerant of dissent or deviation.
pos: adj
examples: The standard is fairly lenient, so use your discretion.
But in other points, as well as this, I was growing very lenient to my master; I was forgetting all his faults, for which I had once kept a sharp look-out. It had formerly been my endeavour to study all sides of his character; to take the bad with the good; and from the just weighing of both, to form an equitable judgment. Now I saw no bad.
gloss: A lenitive; an emollient.
pos: noun
Antonyms: despotic
draconian
heavy-handed
severe
stern
strict
stringent
tough
unlenient
Translations:
lax
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: human-sciences
linguistics
mathematics
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin laxus (“wide, roomy, loose”).
Inflected forms:
form: laxer
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: laxest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Lenient and allowing for deviation; not strict.
pos: adj
examples: The rules are fairly lax, but you have to know which ones you can bend.
Society at that epoch was lenient, if not lax, in matters of the passions.
gloss: Loose; not tight or taut.
pos: adj
examples: The rope fell lax.
The Fleſh of this ſort of [cartilaginous] Fiſh being lax and ſpungy, and nothing ſo firm, ſolid and weighty as that of the bony Fiſhes, and there being a good quantity of Air contained in the Cavity of their Abdomen, they cannot ſink in the Water without letting in ſome of it by theſe Holes (the Orifices whereof are opened and ſhut at pleaſure by the help of Muſcles provided for that purpoſe) into the hollow of their Bellies, whereby they preponderate the Water and deſcend; […]
Sreedharan and Mirsa (1973) reported that two lax panicle mutants, designated as nude panicle mutation, were obtained from the M₂ of two rice cultivars.
gloss: Lacking care; neglectful, negligent.
pos: adj
examples: The guard was paying no attention whatever to the running of his train, in total disregard of rules, and, as the recently-published report of a Ministry of Transport Inspecting Officer of Railways shows, there were other disquieting features in the case, such as ignorance on the part of responsible men of rules and appendix instructions and a lax attitude to regulations of which they professed to be aware, combined with failure to look at staff notice boards.
Prior to this match, Albion had only scored three league goals all season, but Wes Brown's lax marking allowed Morrison to head in their fourth from a Chris Brunt free-kick and then, a minute later, the initial squandering of possession and Michael Turner's lack of pace let Long run through to slot in another.
gloss: Describing an associative monoidal functor.
pos: adj
gloss: Having a looseness of the bowels; diarrheal.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
gloss: (of a vowel) Produced with relatively little constriction of the vocal tract.
pos: adj
Related words: laxity
leash
relax
release
Derived words: laxative
laxed
laxing
laxism
laxist
laxly
laxness
lax up
lax vowel
overlax
Translations:
tolerant
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Either borrowed from French tolérant or directly from its source Latin tolerans, present participle of, and participial adjective from tolerō (“to endure”).
Inflected forms:
form: more tolerant
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most tolerant
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: tolerants
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Tending to permit, allow, understand, or accept something.
pos: adj
examples: He's pretty tolerant of different political views, but don't ask him about religion.
gloss: Tending to withstand or survive.
pos: adj
examples: These plants are tolerant of drought and sunlight.
gloss: One who or that which tolerates something, especially a biological species.
pos: noun
Synonyms: patient
resistant
sufferable
tolerant
Antonyms: brittle
intolerant
nonresistant
nontolerant
unresistant
vulnerable
weak
Related words: tolerability
tolerable
tolerance
tolerate
toleration
Derived words: heterotolerant
omnitolerant
phototolerant
pseudotolerant
tolerantism
tolerantist
tolerantly
Translations:
androgynous
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: computer-hardware
computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Latin androgynus (“man-woman, hermaphrodite”), from Ancient Greek ἀνδρόγῠνος (andrógŭnos), from ἀνήρ (anḗr, “man”) + γῠνή (gŭnḗ, “woman”) + -ος (-os, “-ous”, adjectival suffix), equivalent to andro- + gyno- + -ous.
Affixes: -ous
Inflected forms:
form: more androgynous
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most androgynous
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: androgenous
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Possessing the sex organs of both sexes.
pos: adj
gloss: Pertaining to a feature or characteristic that is not definitively of either sex.
pos: adj
examples: Nicknames like Pat, Sam, and Chris are androgynous, used by both men and women.
And I was taught that to be an actress, one should be fashionable, and to be fashionable is to be androgynous. And I am androgynous not less than David Bowie himself.
My name is androgynous, in pronunciation at least – Lauren sounds like the more masculine Loren.
All the men call me Kim. Suitably androgynous, I suppose. But all the sisters in Bugis St call me by my initials KC.
gloss: Possessing qualities of both sexes.
pos: adj
examples: The truth is, a great mind must be androgynous.
The androgynous creative deity was best supplicated or propitiated by offerings concerned with the pleasures of the flesh. In such circumstances, to the worshipper as to the god, licentiousness was not a sin: on the contrary, it was a duty.
gloss: Of a connector or docking port, able to connect to another connector or port of the same type, rather than being restricted to connecting to solely male or solely female connectors or ports.
pos: adj
examples: APAS is an androgynous docking system, so – in principle, at least – any APAS-equipped vehicle should be able to hook up with any other, without having to worry about matching male with female ports.
Synonyms: epicene
unisex
hermaphrodite
Related words: androgyne
androgyny
genderqueer
gender bender
hermaphroditic
intersex
monogendered
shehe
Derived words: androgynity
androgynously
androgynousness
nonandrogynous
polyandrogynous
Translations:
terry
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Of uncertain origin, possibly French tiré (“drawn out”), past participle of tirer (“to draw out”).
Inflected forms:
form: terries
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A type of coarse cotton fabric covered in many small raised loops that is used to make towels, bathrobes and some types of nappy/diaper.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any makeshift cloth nappy folded from a large piece of absorbent fabric and held in place by a nappy pin or nappy fastener; a flat nappy.
pos: noun
tags: Commonwealth
countable
dated
uncountable
Synonyms: terrycloth
terry cloth
Derived words: French terry
Translations:
contemporaneously
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From contemporaneous + -ly, from Latin contemporāneus, from co- (“together”) + tempus (“time”).
Base: contemporaneous
Affixes: -ly
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: In a contemporaneous way: in the same period of time.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: And with Sellars’ shift to the centerground of philosophical interest, we have, all of a sudden, two such books appearing almost contemporaneously.
CNN and more than a dozen media outlets and groups asked US District Judge Tanya Chutkan for permission to “record and telecast” the March 2024 trial or for the court to “contemporaneously publish on YouTube its internally administered audiovisual livestreams and recordings of the proceedings.”
Lawmakers in Congress were clearly aware of that when they enacted IEEPA with that same language. And that, the Department of Justice has argued, “strongly indicates that both Congress and the public contemporaneously understood that language to encompass tariffs.”
Translations: