reference
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: communications
computing
engineering
human-sciences
journalism
linguistics
literature
mathematics
media
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
programming
publishing
sciences
semantics
writing
Etymology: From Middle French référence, from Medieval Latin referentia, nominative neuter plural of referēns, present participle of referō (“return, reply”, literally “carry back”). Morphologically refer + -ence.
Base: refer
Affixes: -ence
Inflected forms:
form: references
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: references
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: referencing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: referenced
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: referenced
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A relationship or relation (to something).
pos: noun
tags: archaic
countable
literary
uncountable
examples: A man is beloued of a man, in that he is a man, but all theſe are farre more eminent and great, when they ſhal proceed from a ſanctified ſpirit, that hath a true touch of Religion, and a reference to God.
gloss: A measurement one can compare (some other measurement) to.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Information about a person, provided by someone (a referee) with whom they are well acquainted.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Changes will befall, and friends may part, / But distance only cannot change the heart / And were I call’d to prove th’ assertion true, / One proof should serve—a reference to you.
gloss: A person who provides this information; a referee.
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
especially
uncountable
gloss: A reference work.
pos: noun
tags: attributive
countable
often
uncountable
examples: reference grammar
Reference Dictionary of Linguistics
gloss: The act of referring: a submitting for information or decision.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A relation between objects in which one object designates, or acts as a means by which to connect to or link to, another object.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A short written identification of a previously published work which is used as a source for a text.
pos: noun
tags: countable
literary
uncountable
gloss: A previously published written work thus indicated; a source.
pos: noun
tags: countable
literary
uncountable
gloss: An object containing information which refers to data stored elsewhere, as opposed to containing the data itself.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A special sequence used to represent complex characters in markup languages, such as &trade; for the ™ symbol.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Appeal.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
examples: Y’are falne into a Princely hand, feare nothing, / Make your full reference freely to my Lord, / Who is ſo full of Grace, that it flowes ouer / On all that neede.
gloss: To provide a list of references for (a text).
pos: verb
examples: You must thoroughly reference your paper before submitting it.
gloss: To cite, to use as a reference.
pos: verb
examples: Reference the dictionary for word meanings.
The penchant for synthesizing the work of others that pervades British scholarship has been described by one of my cynical American colleagues as “a giant bibliography that is always eating its own tail.” By this he means that cliques of like-minded writers tend to reference each other’s work incessantly.
Written information is a relatively new phenomenon. Depositing it and being able to reference it centuries later is not common human experience.
On the Florence Harding page, for instance, a researcher will be able to reference a book by Waarren Harding’s alleged mistress, Nan Britton, who claimed that she bore his daughter.
gloss: To mention, to refer to.
pos: verb
tags: proscribed
sometimes
examples: In his speech, the candidate obliquely referenced the past failures of his opponent.
Humanities institutions specifically reference the work setting for illustrative applications of the unique and significant contributions of the Humanities.
With the economy characteristic of all African sculpture, these portraits reference individual and social identities simultaneously, so that the image of a king may represent a particular king and all kings; a commemorative mask for a woman, a particular woman and all titled women.
And I would simply reference those of you who are out there working.
While Trump has not explicitly mentioned habeas corpus in public, it’s what he was referencing last month when he commented on steps he could take to combat nationwide injunctions against his actions on deportations, according to one of the people familiar with the talks.
gloss: To contain the value that is a memory address of some value stored in memory.
pos: verb
examples: The given pointer will reference the actual generated data.
Related words: sense
handle
referee
referent
referential
relate
relation
Derived words: autoreference
backreference
back-reference
book of reference
call by reference
call-by-reference
category reference
character reference
circular reference
coreference
credit reference
dereference
forward reference
frame of reference
georeference
grid reference
idea of reference
inertial frame of reference
inertial reference
inertial reference system
inertial reference unit
in reference to
interreference
letter of reference
metareference
misreference
multireference
noncoreferential
nonreference
olfactory reference syndrome
overreference
pass-by-reference
pass by reference
phantom reference
phyloreference
point of reference
pseudoreference
referenceable
reference angle
reference book
reference counting
reference data
reference electrode
reference frame
reference implementation
referenceless
reference letter
reference library
reference list
reference manual
reference mark
referenceness
reference point
reference queue
reference star
reference time
reference type
reference variable
reference work
rvalue reference
self-reference
smart-reference proxy
soft reference
space fixed reference
strong reference
subreference
terms of reference
underreference
weak reference
cross-reference
georeferencer
referencer
rereference
Translations:
lang: Afrikaans
word: verwysing
lang: Afrikaans
word: referensie
lang: Arabic
word: مَرْجِع
roman: marjiʕ
lang: Bulgarian
word: референция
roman: referencija
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 引用
roman: yǐnyòng
lang: Dutch
word: referentie
lang: Estonian
word: viide
lang: Finnish
word: lähdeviittaus
lang: Finnish
word: viite
lang: Finnish
word: viittaus
lang: Galician
word: referencia
lang: Georgian
word: წყაროს მითითება
roman: c̣q̇aros mititeba
lang: Hindi
word: संदर्भ
roman: sandarbh
lang: Hindi
word: उल्लेख
roman: ullekh
lang: Hungarian
word: hivatkozás
lang: Māori
word: tohutoro
lang: Navajo
word: naaltsoos bitsʼą́ą́dóó ééhózinii
lang: Ojibwe
word: mookijiwanibiig
lang: Persian
word: ارجاعال
lang: Portuguese
word: referência
lang: Russian
word: ссы́лка
roman: ssýlka
lang: Russian
word: рефере́нция
roman: referéncija
lang: Swedish
word: källhänvisning
lang: Tagalog
word: sanggunian
lang: Ukrainian
word: посила́ння
roman: posylánnja
lang: Ukrainian
word: рефере́нція
roman: referéncija