risk
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: banking
business
economics
engineering
finance
insurance
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From earlier risque, from Middle French risque, from Old Italian risco (“risk”) (modern Italian rischio) and rischiare (“to run into danger”). Displaced native Old English pleoh (“risk”) and plēon (“to risk”).
speculation on earlier roots
Most dictionaries consider the etymology of these Italian terms uncertain, but some suggest they perhaps come from Vulgar Latin *resecum (“that which cuts, rock, crag”) (> Medieval Latin resicu), from Latin resecō (“cut off, loose, curtail”, verb), in the sense of that which is a danger to boating or shipping; or from Ancient Greek ῥιζικόν (rhizikón, “root, radical, hazard”).
A few dictionaries express more certainty. Collins says the Italian risco comes from Ancient Greek ῥίζα (rhíza, “cliff”) due to the hazards of sailing along rocky coasts. The American Heritage says it probably comes from Byzantine Greek ῥιζικό, ριζικό (rhizikó, rizikó, “sustenance obtained by a soldier through his own initiative, fortune”), from Arabic رِزْق (rizq, “sustenance, that which God allots”), from Classical Syriac ܪܘܙܝܩܐ ,ܪܙܩܐ (rezqā, rōzīqā, “daily ration”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (rōčig), from Middle Persian [script needed] (rōč, “day”), from Old Persian [script needed] (*raučah-), from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-. Karla Mallette derives the word from Arabic رِزْق (rizq, “sustenance, that which God allots”) via Sabir.
Cognate with Spanish riesgo, Portuguese risco
Inflected forms:
form: risks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: risque
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
form: risks
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: risking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: risked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: risked
pos: verb
tags: past
form: risque
pos: verb
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: The probability of a negative outcome to a decision or event.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: There is risk of being brutalized, arrested, imprisoned and tortured, all because I want you to know the truth about this matter.
What crop(s) to plant, how much area to devote to each crop, and how much risk to take with respect to rainfall during the season are some of the decisions that must be made.
2006, Trever Ramsey on BBC News website, Exercise 'cuts skin cancer risk' read at http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4764535.stm on 14 May 2006
Risk is everywhere. From tabloid headlines insisting that coffee causes cancer (yesterday, of course, it cured it) to stern government warnings about alcohol and driving, the world is teeming with goblins. For each one there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you.
Taking regular exercise, coupled with a healthy diet, reduced the risk of several types of cancer.
Becoming more aware of the progress that scientists have made on behavioral fronts can reduce the risk that other natural scientists will resort to mystical agential accounts when they exceed the limits of their own disciplinary training.
gloss: The magnitude of possible loss consequent to a decision or event.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Will they find the prospect of greater risk a cause for concern, rather than a gift from the right?
The decision was also unlawful in disregarding the prospect of greater risk of sexual or physical abuse to girls at a co-educational residential school
SEAC acknowledged that their recommendation was a somewhat uneasy compromise between the desire to protect the public from a small chance of a big risk and the desire not to ruin an industry, probably unnecessarily.
gloss: The potential negative effect of an event, determined by multiplying the likelihood of the event occurring with its magnitude should it occur.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: If there is a 25% chance of running over schedule, costing you a $100 out of your own pocket, that might be a risk you are willing to take. But if you have a 5% chance of running overschedule, knowing that there is a $10,000 penalty, you might be less willing to take that risk.
gloss: A possible adverse event or outcome.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: the imminent and constant risk of assassination, a risk which has shaken very strong nerves
gloss: A possible adverse event or outcome.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A thing (from the perspective of how likely or unlikely it is to cause an adverse effect).
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: That man is going to be a big risk once he's out of prison.
Those stairs are a major risk.
There was also a "degree of complacency" that the weather in the country was not good enough to present a health risk.
gloss: A thing (from the perspective of how likely or unlikely it is to cause an adverse effect).
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: A good credit rating indicates the customer is a desirable risk.
gloss: A thing (from the perspective of how likely or unlikely it is to cause an adverse effect).
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Subprime mortgages are poor risks; especially for a pension scheme.
gloss: A thing (from the perspective of how likely or unlikely it is to cause an adverse effect).
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: To incur risk of (an unwanted or negative outcome).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: These people are putting themselves in danger by physically being on or near to the railway lines and risking serious injury.
gloss: To incur risk of harming or jeopardizing.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: England captain David Beckham has warned Wayne Rooney not to risk his long-term future by rushing his return from injury.
gloss: To incur risk as a result of (doing something).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Because of the wide range of styles on this album, it's hard to pin down the genre. I will risk suggesting folk-rock in an effort to be helpful.
After coming to New York, I decided to risk cycling again.
Related words: roll the dice
take a chance
Derived words: assigned risk
assumption of risk
at any risk
at one's own risk
at one's risk
at risk
at the risk of
businessman's risk
calculated risk
country risk
credit risk
currency risk
cyberrisk
derisk
diversifiable risk
exchange rate risk
existential risk
external risk
extreme risk law
extreme risk protection order
financial risk
flight risk
foreign exchange risk
funding liquidity risk
FX risk
georisk
health risk
high-risk
inflation risk
key man risk
key person risk
low-risk
market risk
multirisk
non-diversifiable risk
nondiversifiable risk
nonrisk
on risk
operational risk
political risk
prerisk
residual risk
risk analysis
risk appetite
risk assessment
risk-assess
risk-assessed
risk-averse
risk aversion
risk-aversity
risk capital
risk equalisation
risk factor
riskfree
risk-free
riskful
riskish
riskless
risk management
risk-off
risk-on
risk premium
risk production
risk profile
riskproof
risk society
risksome
risktaker
risk-taking
risk universe
risk visualization
riskware
run a risk
run the risk
seismic risk
sequence-of-returns risk
specific risk
s-risk
subrisk
suffering risk
systematic risk
tail risk
take a risk
The Risk
undiversifiable risk
unsystematic risk
X-risk
x-risk
riskable
risk it for the biscuit
risk it to get the biscuit
risk life and limb
risk off
risk on
risk one's life
risk one's life and limb
risk one's neck
unrisked
Translations:
lang: Afrikaans
word: risiko
lang: Albanian
word: rrezik
lang: Arabic
word: مُخَاطَرة
roman: muḵāṭara
lang: Arabic
word: مُجَازَفَة
roman: mujāzafa
lang: Arabic
word: خَطَر
roman: ḵaṭar
lang: Armenian
word: ռիսկ
roman: ṙisk
lang: Asturian
word: riesgu
lang: Azerbaijani
word: risk
lang: Azerbaijani
word: təvəkkül
lang: Belarusian
word: ры́зыка
roman: rýzyka
lang: Bengali
word: ঝুঁকি
roman: jhũki
lang: Bulgarian
word: риск
roman: risk
lang: Burmese
word: အန္တရာယ်
roman: anta.ray
lang: Burmese
word: စွန့်စားခြင်း
roman: cwan.ca:hkrang:
lang: Catalan
word: risc
lang: Chinese Cantonese
word: 風險 /风险
roman: fung¹ him²
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 風險 /风险
roman: fēngxiǎn
lang: Czech
word: riziko
lang: Danish
word: risiko
lang: Dutch
word: risico
lang: Esperanto
word: risko
lang: Estonian
word: riisiko
lang: Finnish
word: riski
lang: French
word: risque
lang: Friulian
word: riscjo
lang: Galician
word: risco
lang: Georgian
word: რისკი
roman: risḳi
lang: German
word: Risiko
lang: German
word: Bedrohung
lang: Greek
word: κίνδυνος
roman: kíndynos
lang: Greek
word: ρίσκο
roman: rísko
lang: Haitian Creole
word: risk
lang: Hebrew
word: סַכָּנָה
roman: sakana
lang: Hebrew
word: סיכון \ סִכּוּן
roman: sikun
lang: Hindi
word: जोखिम
roman: jokhim
lang: Hindi
word: ख़तरा
roman: xatrā
lang: Hungarian
word: kockázat
lang: Hungarian
word: rizikó
lang: Icelandic
word: hætta
lang: Icelandic
word: áhætta
lang: Ido
word: risko
lang: Indonesian
word: risiko
lang: Italian
word: rischio
lang: Japanese
word: リスク
roman: risuku
lang: Japanese
word: 危険
roman: kiken
lang: Kazakh
word: тәуекел
roman: täuekel
lang: Khmer
word: ចៃដន់
roman: caydɑn
lang: Korean
word: 위험
roman: wiheom
lang: Korean
word: 리스크
roman: riseukeu
lang: Northern Kurdish
word: rîsk
lang: Northern Kurdish
word: xeter
lang: Northern Kurdish
word: talûke
lang: Northern Kurdish
word: metirsî
lang: Kyrgyz
word: тобокел
roman: tobokel
lang: Kyrgyz
word: тобокелдик
roman: tobokeldik
lang: Kyrgyz
word: риск
roman: risk
lang: Lao
word: ຄວາມສ່ຽງ
roman: khuām sīang
lang: Latin
word: perīculum
lang: Latvian
word: risks
lang: Lithuanian
word: rizika
lang: Macedonian
word: ризик
roman: rizik
lang: Malay
word: risiko
lang: Māori
word: tūraru
lang: Marathi
word: जोखीम
roman: jokhīm
lang: Marathi
word: धोका
roman: dhokā
lang: Mongolian
word: эрсдэл
roman: ersdel
lang: Mongolian
word: ᠡᠷᠦᠰᠳᠡᠯ
roman: erüsdel
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: risiko
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: risk
lang: Norwegian Nynorsk
word: risiko
lang: Norwegian Nynorsk
word: risk
lang: Occitan
word: risc
lang: Old English
word: pleoh
lang: Pashto
word: خطر
roman: xatár
lang: Iranian Persian
word: ریسْک
roman: risk
lang: Iranian Persian
word: خَطَر
roman: xatar
lang: Iranian Persian
word: مُخاطَرِه
roman: moxâtare
lang: Plautdietsch
word: Jefoa
lang: Polish
word: ryzyko
lang: Polish
word: zagrożenie
lang: Portuguese
word: risco
lang: Romanian
word: risc
lang: Russian
word: риск
roman: risk
lang: Russian
word: опа́сность
roman: opásnostʹ
lang: Scottish Gaelic
word: cunnart
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: рѝзик
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: rìzik
lang: Slovak
word: riziko
lang: Slovene
word: tveganje
lang: Spanish
word: riesgo
lang: Spanish
word: risco
lang: Swedish
word: risk
lang: Tajik
word: хатар
roman: xatar
lang: Tajik
word: хавф
roman: xavf
lang: Tajik
word: мухотира
roman: muxotira
lang: Tajik
word: мухотара
roman: muxotara
lang: Thai
word: ความเสี่ยง
roman: kwaam-sìiang
lang: Thai
word: การเสี่ยง
roman: gaan-sìiang
lang: Thai
word: ภัย
roman: pai
lang: Turkish
word: risk
lang: Turkmen
word: töwekgelçilik
lang: Turkmen
word: risk
lang: Ukrainian
word: ри́зик
roman: rýzyk
lang: Urdu
word: جوکِھم
roman: jokhim
lang: Urdu
word: مُخاطَرَہ
roman: muxātara
lang: Urdu
word: خَطْرَہ
roman: xatra
lang: Uyghur
word: خەۋپ
roman: xewp
lang: Uyghur
word: خەتەر
roman: xeter
lang: Uzbek
word: risk
lang: Uzbek
word: xavf
lang: Uzbek
word: tavakkal
lang: Uzbek
word: xatar
lang: Venetan
word: ris-cio
lang: Venetan
word: rixego
lang: Vietnamese
word: rủi ro
lang: Vietnamese
word: nguy cơ
lang: Volapük
word: riskod
lang: Walloon
word: risse
lang: Catalan
word: arriscar
lang: Danish
word: risikere
lang: Dutch
word: risico nemen
lang: Dutch
word: riskeren
lang: Esperanto
word: riski
lang: Finnish
word: vaarantaa
lang: Finnish
word: riskeerata
lang: Galician
word: arriscar
lang: German
word: riskieren
lang: Greek
word: διακινδυνεύω
roman: diakindynévo
lang: Greek
word: ριψοκινδυνεύω
roman: ripsokindynévo
lang: Greek
word: ρισκάρω
roman: riskáro
lang: Greek
word: διακυβεύω
roman: diakyvévo
lang: Greek
word: θέτω σε κίνδυνο
roman: théto se kíndyno
lang: Italian
word: rischiare
lang: Latin
word: audeo
lang: Māori
word: whakamōrearea
lang: Māori
word: whakamōrea
lang: Norman
word: ristchi
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: risikere
lang: Norwegian Nynorsk
word: risikere
lang: Persian
word: به خطر انداختن
roman: be xatar andâxtan
lang: Polish
word: ryzykować
lang: Polish
word: zaryzykować
lang: Portuguese
word: arriscar
lang: Portuguese
word: pôr em risco
lang: Romanian
word: risca
lang: Slovene
word: tvegati
lang: Spanish
word: arriesgar
lang: Spanish
word: chansear
lang: Spanish
word: poner en riesgo
lang: Swedish
word: riskera
lang: Swedish
word: äventyra
lang: Thai
word: เสี่ยง
roman: sìiang
lang: Turkish
word: riske atmak
lang: Turkish
word: tehlikeye atmak
lang: Finnish
word: ottaa riski
lang: Greek
word: διατρέχω τον κίνδυνο
roman: diatrécho ton kíndyno
lang: Persian
word: خطر کردن
roman: xatar kardan
lang: Persian
word: دل به دریا زدن
roman: del be daryâ zadan
lang: Persian
word: ریسک کردن
lang: Spanish
word: peligrar
lang: Bulgarian
word: рискувам
roman: riskuvam
lang: Russian
word: рискова́ть
roman: riskovátʹ
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: rizikovati
lang: Tày
word: ảo màn