yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
abolitionist
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: First attested in 1788. abolition + -ist.
Base: abolition
Affixes: -ist
Inflected forms:
form: more abolitionist
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abolitionist
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abolitionists
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: In favor of the abolition of any particular institution or practice.
pos: adj
gloss: In favor of the abolition of any particular institution or practice.
pos: adj
tags: historical
examples: This case, and others, drove and enlarged the existing abolitionist movement in the country, opposed, of course, by the merchants and plantation owners who were making a massive profit from the slaves held in various colonies.
gloss: A person favoring or advocating for the abolition of any particular institution or practice.
pos: noun
examples: Both feminist and religiously inspired abolitionists have long viewed, and continue to view, male demand for commercial sex as a root cause of prostitution.
Furthermore, abolitionists argue that prisons are a form of violence and should be destroyed because they reflect “a social ethos of violence and degradation" [...] Abolitionists argue that prisons should be replaced, or at least decentralized, by democratic community control and community-based treatment that would emphasize "redress" or "restorative justice."
gloss: A person favoring or advocating for the abolition of any particular institution or practice.
pos: noun
tags: US
especially
historical
examples: Among other slave notabilities of the plantation, was one called by everybody Uncle Isaac Copper. It is seldom that a slave gets a surname from anybody in Maryland; and so completely has the south shaped the manners of the north, in this respect, that even abolitionists make very little of the surname of a negro.
Synonyms: woolly-head
nigger lover
Derived words: antiabolitionist
Translations:
lang: Asturian
word: abolicionista
lang: Belarusian
word: абаліцыяніст
roman: abalicyjanist
lang: Catalan
word: abolicionista
lang: Chinese Cantonese
word: 廢除主義者 /废除主义者
roman: fai³ ceoi⁴ zyu² ji⁶ ze²
lang: Chinese Cantonese
word: 廢奴主義者 /废奴主义者
roman: fai³ nou⁴ zyu² ji⁶ ze²
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 廢除主義者 /废除主义者
roman: fèichúzhǔyìzhě
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 廢奴主義者 /废奴主义者
roman: fèinúzhǔyìzhě
lang: Dutch
word: abolitionist
lang: Esperanto
word: aboliciisto
lang: Finnish
word: abolitionisti
lang: French
word: abolitionniste
lang: Galician
word: abolicionista
lang: Italian
word: abolizionista
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: abolisjonist
lang: Polish
word: abolicjonista
lang: Polish
word: abolicjonistka
lang: Portuguese
word: abolicionista
lang: Romanian
word: aboliționist
lang: Russian
word: аболиционист
roman: abolicionist
lang: Spanish
word: abolicionista
lang: Ukrainian
word: аболіціоніст
roman: abolicionist
lang: Ukrainian
word: аболіціоністка
roman: abolicionistka
abominable
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abhomynable, from Old French abominable, from Late Latin abōminābilis (“deserving abhorrence”), from abōminor (“abhor, deprecate as an ill omen”), from ab (“from, away from”) + ōminor (“forebode, predict, presage”), from ōmen (“sign, token, omen”). Formerly erroneously folk-etymologized as deriving from Latin ab- + homo, literally "away from humankind," and therefore spelled abhominable, abhominal (Hence, Shakespeare puns on this when Hamlet speaks of incompetent actors that "imitate humanity abominably.")
Inflected forms:
form: more abominable
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abominable
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abhominable
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: abhominal
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Worthy of, or causing, abhorrence, as a thing of evil omen; odious in the utmost degree; very hateful; detestable; loathsome; execrable.
pos: adj
examples: abominable crime
utterly abominable
He committed an abominable act of cruelty.
But the feareful, and vnbeleeuing, and the abominable, and murderers, and whoremongers, and ſorcerers, and idolaters, and all lyars, ſhall haue their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimſtone: which is the ſecond death.
The parish stank of idolatry, abominable rites were practiced in secret, and in all the bounds there was no one had a more evil name for the black traffic than one Alison Sempill, who bode at the Skerburnfoot.
Whosoever shall be convicted of the abominable Crime of Buggery, committed either with Mankind or with any Animal, shall be liable, at the Discretion of the Court, to be kept in Penal Servitude for Life or for any Term not less than Ten Years.
gloss: Excessive, large (used as an intensifier).
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
gloss: Very bad or inferior.
pos: adj
gloss: Disagreeable or unpleasant.
pos: adj
examples: abominable weather
The prisoners were kept in abominable conditions.
I want to go faster on my bike than a person with a beard. I want to be the first to own whatever’s the next spiraliser. I want it all: a carapace of insouciance over rock-hard triceps.
This is an abominable thing to want, vain in every sense. But I’m going to set out to do whatever it takes not to decay faster than other people, and report it accurately and fairly.
Related words: abominate
abomination
Derived words: abominableness
abominable snowman
abominable snow monster
abominable snowperson
abominably
Translations:
abominably
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English abominable
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English abominably
From abominable + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more abominably
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most abominably
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In an abominable manner; very odiously; detestably.
pos: adv
examples: He lit a fire in the dining-room, and the chimney was damp and smoked abominably, so that when he had fed full on tinned meats he was fain to let the fire go out and to sit in his fur-lined overcoat by the becindered grate, now fast growing cold, and smoke pipe after pipe of gloomy reflection.
Translations:
abominate
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: First attested in 1644. Perhaps a back-formation from abomination. Alternatively, perhaps from Late Latin abōminātus, past participle of abōminarī (“to deprecate as an ill omen”), from ab + ominari (“to forebode, presage”), from omen.
Inflected forms:
form: abominates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abominating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abominated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abominated
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To feel disgust towards; to loathe or detest thoroughly; to hate in the highest degree, as if with religious dread.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: "Much as I abominate writing, I would not give up Mr. Collins's correspondence for any consideration."
gloss: To dislike strongly.
pos: verb
tags: colloquial
transitive
examples: I absolutely abominate waking up early on weekends.
Related words: abomination
Derived words: abominator
Translations:
abomination
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abominacioun, from Middle French abomination (“horror, disgust”), from Late Latin abōminātiō, abōminātiōnem (“abomination”) Doublet of abominatio.
Inflected forms:
form: abominations
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abhomination
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: abominacioun
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: An abominable act; a disgusting vice; a despicable habit.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Onely th’adulterous Anthony, most large / In his abhominations, turnes you off
Religious sodomy was practised by male prostitutes in the Hebrew temple groves, which was one of the abominations of Israel that Josiah cleared away.
gloss: The feeling of extreme disgust and hatred
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: A state that excites detestation or abhorrence; pollution.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
uncountable
gloss: That which is abominable, shamefully vile; an object that excites disgust and hatred (often with religious undertones).
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Appalled by a child she found hideous, Philyra begged the gods to free her from having to rear such an abomination.
Elon Musk, the billionaire tech entrepreneur, has opened a new rift with Donald Trump by denouncing the US president’s tax and spending bill as a “disgusting abomination”.
Derived words: abominationly
Obamanation
Translations:
aboral
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
natural-sciences
zoology
Etymology: Etymology tree
English ab-
English oral
English aboral
From ab- (“away from”) + oral (“the mouth”).
Inflected forms:
form: more aboral
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most aboral
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Situated opposite to, or away from, the mouth.
pos: adj
Translations:
aboriginality
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English aboriginal
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ts
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts
Latin -itāsder.
Old French -itebor.
Middle English -ite
English -ity
English aboriginality
From aboriginal + -ity.
Inflected forms:
form: aboriginalities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The quality of being aboriginal.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The distinctive culture of aboriginal peoples
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The spiritual bonds between the aboriginal people and their place of heritage.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
aborted
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep
Proto-Indo-European *-o
Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó
Proto-Italic *ap
Latin abder.
Latin ab-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-der.?
Proto-Italic *orjōr
Latin orior
Latin aborior
Latin abortō
Latin abortareder.
English abort
English -ed
English aborted
From abort + -ed.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Stopped before completion; especially because of problems or danger.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Brought forth prematurely.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Checked in normal development at an early stage.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Spines are aborted branches.
gloss: Rendered abortive or sterile; undeveloped.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: The eyes of the cirripeds are more or less aborted in their mature state.
Derived words: nonaborted
unaborted
Translations:
abortifacient
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
pharmacology
sciences
Etymology: First attested in 1875. abort + -facient (“causing an”), from Latin facere (“to make”).
Base: abort
Affixes: -facient
Inflected forms:
form: more abortifacient
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abortifacient
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abortifacients
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Producing miscarriage.
pos: adj
gloss: A drug or an agent that induces an abortion.
pos: noun
Translations:
abortionist
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English abortion
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Hellenic *-tās
Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs)
Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor.
Latin -istader.
Old French -istebor.
Middle English -ist
English -ist
English abortionist
From abortion + -ist.
Inflected forms:
form: abortionists
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person who performs abortions, especially illegally or secretly.
pos: noun
tags: offensive
sometimes
examples: Mad. Restell, the celebrated Abortionist [is arrested].
The quack abortionist, with “a little knowledge,” impudently, remorselessly, and secretly employs his craft for filthy lucre’s sake, perpetrating one crime to conceal another, at which science and charity blush.
Such a fetus is perfectly viable save for the act of the abortionist.
According to Bray, “there is a difference between taking a retired abortionist and executing him, and killing a practicing abortionist who is regularly killing babies.” The first act is in Bray’s view retributive, the second defensive.
In 1962, when abortion was still illegal, I published an anonymous interview with Dr. Robert Spencer, a humane abortionist who was known as “The Saint.”
[…] a gruesome procedure in which the abortionist dismembers a child who could survive outside the womb.
Then she asks her to go first to meet the abortionist. Then she neglects to make a reservation at the hotel the abortionist specifies. That almost sinks the arrangement: The abortionist has experience suggesting that hotel will be a safe venue, and suspects he may be set up for a police trap.
gloss: A person who advocates for or supports the legality of abortion.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:abortionist.
Related words: abortionism
Derived words: anti-abortionist
antiabortionist
pro-abortionist
Translations:
abortive
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: biology
medicine
natural-sciences
pharmacology
sciences
Etymology: First attested in 1382, with the meaning "causing stillbirth or miscarriage". From Middle English abortif, from Old French abortif, from Latin abortīvus (“causing abortion”), from aborior (“miscarry, disappear”), from ab (“amiss”) + orior (“appear, be born, arise”).
Inflected forms:
form: more abortive
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abortive
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Produced by abortion; born prematurely and therefore unnatural.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
examples: an abortive child
Thou elvish-marked, abortive, rooting hog!
gloss: Coming to nothing; failing in its effect. .
pos: adj
examples: an abortive attempt
[…] and with utter loss of being / Threatens him, plung'd in that abortive gulf.
The king in vain excused his hasty retreats and abortive enterprises
He made a salutation, or, to speak nearer the truth, an ill-defined, abortive attempt at curtsy.
Not surprisingly, ERS has that market covered. It now owns all five of the vehicles fitted with generators for the abortive Nightstar services through the Channel Tunnel.
gloss: Imperfectly formed or developed; rudimentary; sterile.
pos: adj
examples: an abortive organ
an abortive stamen
an abortive ovule
gloss: Causing abortion; abortifacient.
pos: adj
tags: rare
examples: abortive medicines
Each country may have a different prevalence of infectious abortive agents. The most common agents of abortion in cattle are Brucella spp., Campylobacter spp., Chlamydiaceae, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira spp., […]
gloss: Cutting short; acting to halt or slow the progress (of a disease).
pos: adj
examples: abortive treatment of typhoid fever
Even with prophylaxis, children often experience episodic breakthrough headaches that require abortive treatment. […] Abortive therapies in the ED include dopamine antagonists and anti-inflammatory agents.
gloss: Having a short and mild progression, without pronounced symptoms.
pos: adj
gloss: Made from the skin of a still-born animal.
pos: adj
examples: abortive vellum
Derived words: abortively
abortiveness
abortivity
antiabortive
nonabortive
postabortive
subabortive
unabortive
Translations:
abound
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: * First attested around 1325.
* From Middle English abounden, abounde, from Old French abonder, abunder, from Latin abundāre (“overflow”), which comes from ab (“from, down from”) + undō (“surge, swell, rise in waves, move in waves”), from unda (“wave”).
Inflected forms:
form: abounds
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abounding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abounded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abounded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To be full to overflowing; to bristle.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To be wealthy.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
obsolete
gloss: To be highly productive.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To be present or available in large numbers or quantities; to be plentiful.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Wild animals abound wherever man does not stake his claim.
Moreouer, the Lawe entred, that the offence might abound: but where sinne abounded, grace did much more abound.
One end of the east-west building is wet, the other windy, and at present there is smoke abounding, too; but these distressing yard elements can be completely excluded at each end by full-width folding doors [...].
Evidence for cannibalism abounds - even if circumstantial - both from the modern world and throughout history, but academic anthropology has found itself in a funk of denial.
gloss: To revel in.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To be copiously supplied.
pos: verb
examples: The wilderness abounds in traps.
This pond abounds with fish.
I could plainly diſcover from whence one Family derives a long Chin; why a ſecond hath abounded with Knaves for two Generations, and Fools for two more; why a third happened to be crack-brained, and a fourth to be Sharpers.
1858-1860, George Rawlinson, The Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World
the wild boar, which abounds both in Azerbijan and in the country about Hamadan
Related words: abundance
abundant
bountiful
Derived words: abounder
aboundingly
overabound
superabound
Translations:
about-sledge
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: about-sledges
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: about sledge
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: aboutsledge
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The largest hammer used by smiths.
pos: noun
Translations:
above-cited
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Cited before, in the preceding part of a text.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
above-mentioned
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Mentioned or named before; aforesaid.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:above-mentioned.
Antonyms: following
undermentioned
Translations:
abox
Part of speech: adv
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Hellenic *ə-
Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)der.
English a-
English box
English abox
From a- + box (“boxhaul”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Braced aback
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Braced aback
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
abracadabra
Part of speech: noun
intj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Late Latin abracadabralbor.
English abracadabra
Learned borrowing from Late Latin abracadabra.
Inflected forms:
form: abracadabras
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abra-cadabra
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: abra-cadabra
pos: intj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A use of the mystical term ‘abracadabra’, supposed to work as part of a healing charm or a magical spell; any spell or incantation making use of the word.
pos: noun
examples: Where is the necessity of this provision in the Constitution? […] Can anyone believe that we, by any amendments of ours, by any of our scribbling on that parchment, by any amulet, any legerdemain—charm—Abrecadabra—of ours can prevent our sons from doing the same thing—that is, from doing as they please, just as we are doing as we please? It is impossible. Who can bind posterity?
With a quiet bank holiday afternoon to fill, the Mill yesterday dug out the old magic kit, brushed the cobwebs off its top hat and practiced a few abracadabras.
gloss: Arcane and obscure language of occult rituals or mystical practices.
pos: noun
examples: We made no comment but even Sandra herself could see how ridiculous all this abracadabra must sound to a listener.
Astrology was not specifically banned in the statutes against witchcraft, but so long as its technicalities remained abracadabra to the lay public there was always a risk that the practitioner might find himself arrested for sorcery.
gloss: Mumbo jumbo; obscure language or technicalities; jargon.
pos: noun
examples: I don’t know all the theoretical abracadabra about how it works, I’m only its pilot.
gloss: Used to indicate that a magic trick or other illusion has been performed.
pos: intj
examples: Next, the conjuror filled a glass with water from a big jug and then covered the tumbler with a cloth. "Abracadabra," he cried and crumpled the cloth.
Translations:
abrade
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin abrādō (“scrape off”), from ab (“from, away from”) + rādō (“scrape”). First attested in 1677.
Inflected forms:
form: abrades
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abrading
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abraded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abraded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To rub or wear off; erode.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: “Wildcat Ridge” is the name given to a rock about 3 feet (1 meter) wide that likely formed billions of years ago as mud and fine sand settled in an evaporating saltwater lake. On July 20, the rover abraded some of the surface of Wildcat Ridge so it could analyze the area with the instrument called Scanning Habitable Environments with Raman & Luminescence for Organics & Chemicals, or SHERLOC.
gloss: To wear down or exhaust, as a person; irritate.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To irritate by rubbing; chafe.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To cause the surface to become more rough.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To undergo abrasion.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
Derived words: abradable
abradant
abrader
abradingly
microabrade
reabrade
unabraded
Translations:
Abrahamic
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Biblical Hebrew אַבְרָהָם (ʔaḇrɔhɔm)bor.
Ancient Greek Ἀβρᾱᾱ́μ (Abrāā́m)bor.
Latin Ābrahāmbor.
Old English Abraham
Middle English Abraham
English Abraham
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English Abrahamic
From Abraham + -ic.
Inflected forms:
form: Abrahamics
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Pertaining to Abraham, the patriarch.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: [T]he Noachic and Abrahamic churches are connected by Shem, and the other long-lived patriarchs, who existed before the apostasy of Noah's posterity, and survived it
Paul's faith was at this crisis in his spiritual illumination more Abrahamic than Christlike in its character.
gloss: Descended from the religious tradition of Abraham.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all Abrahamic religions.
[The messianic] does not belong properly to any Abrahamic religion (even if I may here continue “entre nous” for essential reasons of language and of place, of culture, and of provisional rhetorical and historical strategy of which I will speak later, to give to it names inscribed by the Abrahamic religions).
Most anthropologists, myself at the forefront, are doubtless incredibly naive about the nature of Christianity and provincial with respect to the depth and riches of Abrahamic-based theory for the analysis of religious phenomena more broadly no less than for philosophy.
Christianity, not Islam, was the first of the Abrahamic cults to come to the Sudan.
gloss: A member of an Abrahamic religion (usually Christians, Jews, and Muslims).
pos: noun
Related words: Abrahamism
Derived words: Abrahamic religion
anti-Abrahamic
Pan-Abrahamic
pre-Abrahamic
Translations:
abrasion
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: dentistry
geography
geology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: First attested in 1656. From French abrasion (attested since 1611), from Medieval Latin abrasio (“a scraping”), from Latin abrādō (“scrape off”). See also abrade.
Inflected forms:
form: abrasions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of abrading, wearing, or rubbing off; the wearing away by friction.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The metal surface showed signs of abrasion after years of use.
gloss: An act of abrasiveness.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The substance thus rubbed off; debris.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
gloss: The effect of mechanical erosion of rock, especially a river bed, by rock fragments scratching and scraping it.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: An abraded, scraped, or worn area.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A superficial wound caused by scraping; an area of skin where the cells on the surface have been scraped or worn away.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The doctor cleaned the small skin abrasion on her knee.
gloss: The wearing away of the surface of the tooth by chewing.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: abrade
contusion
laceration
Derived words: abrasiometer
abrasional
abrasion platform
airbrasion
antiabrasion
dermabrasion
dermoabrasion
microabrasion
Translations:
abrasive
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Medieval Latin abrāsīvusbor.
English abrasive
Borrowed from Medieval Latin abrāsīvus.
Inflected forms:
form: more abrasive
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abrasive
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abrasives
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Producing abrasion; rough enough to wear away the outer surface.
pos: adj
gloss: Being rough and coarse in manner or disposition; overly aggressive and causing irritation.
pos: adj
examples: An abrasive person can grate on one's sensibilities.
Despite her proper upbringing, we found her manners to be terribly abrasive.
The women of the movement, it struck me, were more humorless and more single-minded in their total dedication to the ideology than were the men. In fact, Chiang Ching was unpleasantly abrasive and aggressive. At one point that evening she turned to me and in a challenging voice asked, "Why did you not come to China before now?" Since the ballet was in progress at the time, I did not respond.
gloss: A hard inorganic substance or material consisting in powder or granule form such as sandpaper, pumice, or emery, used for cleaning, smoothing, or polishing.
pos: noun
gloss: Rock fragments, sand grains, mineral particles, used by water, wind, and ice to abrade a land surface.
pos: noun
Related words: abrasion
Derived words: abrasive blasting
abrasive disc
abrasively
abrasiveness
abrasive paper
airbrasive
dermabrasive
microabrasive
nonabrasive
non-abrasive
unabrasive
Translations:
abraxas
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: Gnosticism
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: Mistaken spelling of Abrasax.
Inflected forms:
form: abraxases
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A transcription of Abrasax.
pos: noun
tags: historical
Translations:
abreast
Part of speech: adv
adj
prep
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From Middle English abrest. By surface analysis, a- (“on, at”) + breast, meaning “breasts (chests) in line, side-by-side and exactly equally advanced”; roughly “breast-by-breast”.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Side by side and facing forward.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: On Sunday afternoon it was as dark as night, with barely room for two riders abreast on a gradient that touches 20%.
The only path was narrow and rugged: two men could hardly walk abreast;
gloss: Alongside; parallel to.
pos: adv
tags: figuratively
not-comparable
gloss: Informed, well-informed, familiar, acquainted.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Followed by of or with: up to a certain level or line; equally advanced.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: She believes it is important to keep abreast of new scientific developments.
gloss: Breast high (of an advancing wave).
pos: adv
tags: Scotland
not-comparable
examples: The west wind blew a tempest, and, according to the common expression, brought in the water [of the Solway] three foot abreast.
gloss: Side by side; also, opposite; on a line with the vessel's beam.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
gloss: At the same time; simultaneously.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
obsolete
examples: Abreast therewith began a convocation.
gloss: Side by side, facing forward.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Alongside; parallel to.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
not-comparable
gloss: Informed, well-informed, familiar, acquainted.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Up to a certain level or line; equally advanced
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: to keep abreast of [or with] the present state of science
Some people are born with a vital and responsive energy. It not only enables them to keep abreast of the times; it qualifies them to furnish in their own personality a good bit of the motive power to the mad pace.
gloss: Side by side; also, opposite; over against; on a line with the vessel's beam.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:abreast.
gloss: Abreast of; alongside.
pos: prep
examples: This ship sank abreast the island.
Derived words: line abreast
Translations:
abridge
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English abreggen, abregge, abrigge (“curtail, lessen”), from Old French abregier, abreger, from Late Latin abbreviō, abbreviāre (“make brief”). Doublet of abbreviate.
Inflected forms:
form: abridges
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abridging
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abridged
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abridged
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To deprive; to cut off.
pos: verb
tags: archaic
transitive
gloss: To debar from.
pos: verb
tags: archaic
rare
transitive
gloss: To make shorter; to shorten in duration or extent.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: She retired her self to Sebaste, and abridged her train from State to necessity.
The bridegroom, perceiving his condition, abridged the visit […]
gloss: To shorten or contract by using fewer words, yet retaining the sense; to epitomize; to condense.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: It was still necessary for the man who had been formerly saluted by the highest authority as dictator of the English language to supply his wants by constant toil. He abridged his Dictionary. He proposed to bring out an edition of Shakespeare by subscription, and many subscribers sent in their names and laid down their money; but he soon found the task so little to his taste that he turned to more attractive employments.
Such an episode in the Island's grand naval story her naval historians naturally abridge; one of them (G.P.R. James) candidly acknowledging that fain would he pass it over did not "impartiality forbid fastidiousness."
gloss: Cut short; truncate.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To curtail.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He had his rights abridged by the crooked sheriff.
Related words: unabridged
Derived words: abridgable
abridgeable
abridged
abridgement
abridger
abridgment
reabridge
Translations:
abridgment
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: law
Etymology: First attested in 1494. From Middle English abrygement, from Middle French abrégement. Equivalent to abridge + -ment.
Base: abridge
Affixes: -ment
Inflected forms:
form: abridgments
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abridgement
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The act of abridging; reduction or deprivation
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
uncountable
examples: an abridgment of pleasures or of expenses
gloss: The state of being abridged or lessened.
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
uncountable
gloss: An epitome or compend, as of a book; a shortened or abridged form; an abbreviation.
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
uncountable
examples: The article which embodied my researches having proved somewhat too long for its purpose, an abridgment of it only was inserted in the Encyclopædia.
When the goal is simply to be as faithful as possible to the material—as if a movie were a marriage, and a rights contract the vow—the best result is a skillful abridgment, one that hits all the important marks without losing anything egregious.
gloss: That which abridges or cuts short; hence, an entertainment that makes the time pass quickly
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
examples: What abridgment have you for this evening? What masque? what music?
gloss: Any of various brief statements of case law made before modern reporting of legal cases.
pos: noun
tags: countable
dated
uncountable
gloss: The leaving out of certain portions of a plaintiff's demand, the writ still holding good for the remainder.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: abridge
Derived words: nonabridgment
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: резюме́
roman: rezjumé
lang: Bulgarian
word: скъся́ване
roman: skǎsjávane
lang: Bulgarian
word: съкраще́ние
roman: sǎkrašténie
lang: Dutch
word: excerpt
lang: German
word: Auszug
lang: German
word: Kurzfassung
lang: German
word: Kurzform
lang: Ancient Greek
word: ἐπιτομή
roman: epitomḗ
lang: Japanese
word: 要約
roman: yōyaku
lang: Latin
word: breviārium
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: abstrakt
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: sammendrag
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: konsentrat
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: referat
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: oppsummering
lang: Portuguese
word: resumo
lang: Portuguese
word: abreviação
lang: Scottish Gaelic
word: giorrachadh
lang: Spanish
word: compendio
lang: Spanish
word: versión abreviada
abrogate
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: law
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep
Proto-Indo-European *-o
Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó
Proto-Italic *ap
Latin abder.
Latin ab-
Latin rogō
Latin abrogō
Latin abrogātusder.
Middle English abrogat
English abrogate
First attested in 1526, from Middle English abrogat (“abolished”), from Latin abrogātus, perfect passive participle of abrogō (“repeal”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) and -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), formed from ab (“away”) + rogō (“ask, inquire, propose”). See rogation.
Affixes: -ate
Inflected forms:
form: abrogates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abrogating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abrogated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abrogated
pos: verb
tags: past
form: abrogen
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: To annul (as a law, decree, ordinance, etc.) by an authoritative act; to abolish by the authority of the maker or their successor; to repeal.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: But let us look a little further, and see whether the New Testament abrogates what we see so frequently used in the Old.
Whose laws, like those of the Medes and Persian, they cannot alter or abrogate.
The rule of law whereby it is a crime for a person to commit suicide is hereby abrogated.
The rule known as the “year and a day rule” […] is abrogated for all purposes.
gloss: To put an end to; to do away with.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To block a process or function.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Antonyms: establish
fix
promulgate
Related words: abrogation
legalize
Derived words: abrogable
abrogative
abrogator
unabrogated
Translations:
abrogation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: First attested in 1535. From Middle French abrogation, from Latin abrogātiō (“repealed”), from abrogo, from ab (“from”) + rogo (“ask, inquire”). By surface analysis, ab- + Latin rog- + -ate + -ion.
Inflected forms:
form: abrogations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of abrogating.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: […] I consider the sudden and violent abrogation of the office of Master in Chancery, by the new Constitution, as a –– premature act; inasmuch as I had counted on a life-lease of the profits, whereas I only received those of a few short years.
gloss: The act of abrogating.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Derived words: abrogationism
abrogationist
Translations:
lang: Arabic
word: إِلْغَاء
roman: ʔilḡāʔ
lang: Basque
word: indargabetze
lang: Catalan
word: abrogació
lang: Dutch
word: afschaffing
lang: Dutch
word: intrekking
lang: Dutch
word: opheffing
lang: Dutch
word: ongeldigverklaring
lang: Galician
word: abrogación
lang: German
word: Abschaffung
lang: German
word: Aufhebung
lang: German
word: Abolition
lang: German
word: Niederschlagung
lang: German
word: Abrogation
lang: German
word: Zurücknahme
lang: German
word: Kündigung
lang: German
word: Annullierung
lang: German
word: Annullieren
lang: Greek
word: ακύρωση
roman: akýrosi
lang: Greek
word: κατάργηση
roman: katárgisi
lang: Ancient Greek
word: ἀθέτησις
roman: athétēsis
lang: Indonesian
word: pembatalan
lang: Indonesian
word: abrogasi
lang: Irish
word: aisghairm
lang: Italian
word: abrogazione
lang: Polish
word: abrogacja
lang: Portuguese
word: ab-rogação
lang: Romagnol
word: abrugaziôn
lang: Spanish
word: abrogación
lang: Turkish
word: yürürlükten kaldırma
lang: Turkish
word: feshetme
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: ابطال
roman: ibtal
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: لغو
roman: lağv, lağıv
abrupt
Part of speech: adj
verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: First attested in 1583. Borrowed from Latin abruptus (“broken off”), perfect passive participle of abrumpō (“break off”), formed from ab (“from, away from”) + rumpō (“to break”).
Inflected forms:
form: more abrupt
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: abrupter
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most abrupt
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abruptest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: abrupts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abrupting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abrupted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abrupted
pos: verb
tags: past
form: abrupts
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Broken away (from restraint).
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
rare
gloss: Without notice to prepare the mind for the event; sudden; hasty; unceremonious.
pos: adj
examples: The party came to an abrupt end when the parents of our host arrived.
The cause of your abrupt departure.
There was something in this abrupt allusion to the treasured and hidden past, that at once shocked and silenced Norbourne. He was annoyed to find that his heart's sweetest secret was in the possession of one so little likely to keep it;...
'Is it a slickstone?' she asks, and Maren snorts, an abrupt sound, bringing her hand up to her mouth.
gloss: Curt in manner.
pos: adj
examples: With no great disparity between them in point of years, they were, in every other respect, as unlike and far removed from each other as two men could well be. The one was soft-spoken, delicately made, precise, and elegant; the other, a burly square-built man, negligently dressed, rough and abrupt in manner, stern, and, in his present mood, forbidding both in look and speech.
gloss: Having sudden transitions from one subject or state to another; unconnected; disjointed.
pos: adj
examples: The abrupt style, which hath many breaches.
gloss: Broken off.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
gloss: Extremely steep or craggy as if broken up; precipitous.
pos: adj
examples: The mazy-running brook
Forms a deep pool; this bank abrupt and high.
To the north the towering scree-strewn slopes of Saddleback begin to draw nearer as we start the abrupt descent towards Keswick.
gloss: Suddenly terminating, as if cut off; truncate.
pos: adj
examples: Root oblong, blackish, nearly the thickness of the little finger, often growing obliquely; abrupt at the lower end, so as to appear as if bitten off, furnished with long whitish fibres.
gloss: To tear off or asunder.
pos: verb
tags: archaic
transitive
examples: Till death abrupts them.
gloss: To interrupt suddenly.
pos: verb
gloss: Something which is abrupt; an abyss.
pos: noun
tags: poetic
examples: Over the vast abrupt.
Derived words: abrupt appearance
abrupt appearance theory
abruptic
abruption
abruptly
abruptness
nonabrupt
theory of abrupt appearance
unabrupt
abruptedly
Translations:
abruption
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From abrupt + -ion. From Latin abruptio, from abrumpo (“to break off”).
Base: abrupt
Affixes: -ion
Inflected forms:
form: abruptions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A sudden termination or interruption.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: A sudden breaking off or breaking away; a violent separation of bodies.
pos: noun
examples: By this abruption posterity lost more instruction than delight.
After a startling abruption and a slow recovery, the canonic process is resumed at [7], with a whole slew of redundant entries on the last phrase.
Related words: abrupt
abruptive
abruptly
abruptness
placental abruption
Translations:
abruptly
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin abrumpō
Latin abruptusbor.
English abrupt
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English abruptly
From abrupt + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more abruptly
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most abruptly
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously.
pos: adv
examples: The professor stopped her lecture abruptly when she noticed someone fall off their seat.
After weeks of speculation and intracoalitional debate, the text of the compromise was released on Sept. 21. By Sept. 27, the coalition had fallen apart, with Manchin somewhat abruptly pulling what had become known as the side deal from a must-pass budget resolution.
Translations:
abruptness
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin abrumpō
Latin abruptusbor.
English abrupt
Proto-Germanic *-inōną
Proto-Indo-European *-dyé-
Proto-Germanic *-atjaną
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Germanic *-þuz
Proto-Germanic *-assuz
Proto-Germanic *-inassuz
Proto-West Germanic *-nassī
Old English -nes
Middle English -nesse
English -ness
English abruptness
From abrupt + -ness.
Inflected forms:
form: abruptnesses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of being abrupt or broken
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: Suddenness; unceremonious haste or vehemence.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: So be neither diffuse with damp and slippery words nor blunt the edge of your discourse by abruptness of style. Study in particular the purest period of style, that those who move only to Ciceronian rhythm call you not a Celt.
Synonyms: subitaneousness
Translations:
abscess
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin abscessus (“a going away; gathering of humors, abscess”), from abscēdō (“go away, depart”), from abs (“away from”) + cēdō (“go”). See cede.
Inflected forms:
form: abscesses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abscesses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: abscessing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: abscessed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: abscessed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A cavity caused by tissue destruction, usually because of infection, filled with pus and surrounded by inflamed tissue.
pos: noun
gloss: To form a pus-filled cavity, typically from an infection.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
Translations:
abscissa
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: geometry
mathematics
sciences
Etymology: By ellipsis from Latin [linea] abscissa, feminine of abscissus, perfect passive participle of abscindō (“cut off”). See abscind.
Inflected forms:
form: abscissas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abscissae
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: abscissæ
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The first of the two terms by which a point is referred to, in a system of fixed rectilinear coordinate (Cartesian coordinate) axes.
pos: noun
examples: The point (3,2) has 3 as its abscissa and 2 as its ordinate.
gloss: The horizontal line representing an axis of a Cartesian coordinate system, on which the abscissa (sense above) is shown.
pos: noun
Synonyms: absciss
Related words: ordinate
applicate
Translations:
kun
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Japanese 訓読み (kun'yomi), literally "meaning reading" (i.e. pronunciation based on meaning).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: In the Japanese language, the pronunciation, or reading, of a kanji character as a native Japanese word that means what the character represents, contrasted with on.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Most kanji have two kinds of reading, called "on" and "kun".
Translations:
abscission
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: From Latin abscissiō, from abscindō (“to cut, to tear”).
Inflected forms:
form: abscissions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act or process of cutting off.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Not to be cured without the abscission of a member.
gloss: The state of being cut off.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
gloss: A figure of speech employed when a speaker having begun to say a thing stops abruptly
pos: noun
tags: countable
rhetoric
uncountable
gloss: The natural separation of a part at a predetermined location, such as a leaf at the base of the petiole.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: abscise
abscisic
abscisic acid
abscisin
abscissin
Derived words: abscissional
abscission layer
abscission zone
Translations:
absconder
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂ep
Proto-Indo-European *-o
Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó
Proto-Italic *ap
Latin abder.
Latin abs-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Proto-Italic *kom-
Latin con-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰéh₁tder.
Proto-Italic *-ðō
Latin -dō
Latin condō
Latin abscondōder.
Middle French abscondrebor.
▲
Latin abscondōbor.
English abscond
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English absconder
From abscond + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: absconders
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person who absconds.
pos: noun
examples: […] unless such an Act of Grace do reach insolvent Absconders, who to shun the Cruelty of their severe Creditors confine themselves out of their Reach, ’tis humbly conceived, ’twill be but half an Act of Grace.
What else could it all mean but that Mr. Robert Weymouth was an absconder—was about to fly with the bank’s remaining funds […]
Steve and I sneaked immediately, like beaten curs, like cowards, like absconders from justice.
He smiled at the view over the hedge, at the other front gardens, at the approaching Rover and then its driver, squinting in a rictus of his own against the evening sun, and making Paul feel again like an intruder, or now perhaps an absconder.
Translations: