yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
insulated
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
Inflected forms:
form: more insulated
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most insulated
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Protected from heat, cold, noise etc, by being surrounded with an insulating material.
pos: adj
gloss: Placed or set apart.
pos: adj
examples: an insulated house or column
the special and insulated situation of the Jews
gloss: Isolated or separated from other conducting materials, or sources of electricity.
pos: adj
examples: Early insulated wires were covered in silk rather than plastic.
Speed by now was now down to 25 m.p.h., but that universal tool, the insulated screwdriver, with its business end gingerly applied to the relay coil, enabled us to keep going as far as Grantham, where a more permanent remedy could be effected.
gloss: Situated at so great a distance as to be beyond the effect of gravitation; said of stars supposed to be so far apart that the effect of their mutual attraction is undetectable.
pos: adj
tags: dated
Derived words: preinsulated
superinsulated
uninsulated
Translations:
lang: Esperanto
word: izolaĵita
exposure
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: agriculture
arts
business
hobbies
horticulture
lifestyle
photography
Etymology: Etymology tree
English expos(e)
English -ure
English exposure
From expos(e) + -ure.
Inflected forms:
form: exposures
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The condition of being exposed, uncovered, or unprotected.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Limit your exposure to harsh chemicals.
Get as much exposure to a new language as you can.
The solitary, lumbering trolls of Scandinavian mythology would sometimes be turned to stone by exposure to sunlight. Barack Obama is hoping that several measures announced on June 4th will have a similarly paralysing effect on their modern incarnation, the patent troll.
gloss: Lack of protection from weather or the elements.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: As all of you know, a great tragedy occurred yesterday. Arthur Harcourt died of exposure sometimes in the morning in the woods off Mount Tom Road.
gloss: The act of exposing something, such as a scandal.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The degree to which an individual, their content, or their brand is seen by the target market or the general public; internet fame.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The act or condition of being at risk of financial losses.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: That part which is facing or exposed to something, e.g. the sun, weather, sky, or a view.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: They rented a cabin with a beautiful southern exposure.
gloss: An instance of taking a photograph.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The piece of film exposed to light.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Details of the time and f-number used.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The amount of sun, wind etc. experienced by a particular site.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Derived words: antiexposure
any exposure is good exposure
autoexposure
chemoexposure
coexposure
cryoexposure
double-exposure
double exposure
exposure bucks
exposure meter
exposure therapy
exposure time
exposure treatment
formation exposure time
hyperexposure
indecent exposure
inexposure
mere exposure effect
multiexposure
multiple-exposure
multiple exposure
nonexposure
overexposure
photoexposure
postexposure
post-exposure prophylaxis
preexposure
pre-exposure prophylaxis
reexposure
time-exposure
time exposure
underexposure
Translations:
tribology
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
Etymology: From tribo- + -logy.
Base: tribo
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: The science and engineering of interacting surfaces in relative motion; the study and application of technology using the principles of friction, lubrication and wear.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
lubrication
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English lubricate
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *-Hō
Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō
Proto-Italic *-tiō
Latin -tiō
Latin -ātiōlbor.
Old French -ationbor.
Middle English -acioun
English -ation
English -ion
English lubrication
From lubricate + -ion.
Inflected forms:
form: lubrications
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The application of a substance (lubricant) between moving surfaces in contact in order to reduce friction and minimize heating.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Valve and cylinder lubrication is by atomised oil delivered by mechanical lubricators.
Translations:
debye
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
Etymology: Named after Dutch-American physicist and physical chemist Peter Debye.
Inflected forms:
form: debyes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The CGS unit of electric dipole moment, defined as 1 D = 10⁻¹⁸ statcoulomb-centimetre and computable from the SI unit coulomb-metre by multiplying by the factor 3.33564 × 10⁻³⁰.
pos: noun
examples: The dipole moments of water and the alcohols are about 1.8 debyes. The moments of ethers are smaller, about 1.2 debyes.
There is considerable transfer of negative charge to the carbon atoms in the pyrrole ring, which give it a high dipole moment ≈ 1.8 Debyes.
The corresponding results obtained here for #92;mu of benzaldehyde range 1.298 Debyes — 1.471 Debyes, where the lower reported experimental value corresponds to the gas phase one of 1.263 Debyes, which is in good correspondence with the #92;mu calculated at MP4 level (1.298 Debyes).
Translations:
reportedly
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English reported
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English reportedly
From reported + -ly.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: According to reports or rumors.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: Near-synonyms: reputedly, purportedly, putatively, rumoredly, supposedly, allegedly, ostensibly, possibly, probably, likely, plausibly
Other opposition forces have reportedly pushed to Ajdabiya, west of Benghazi […]
Nintoku, the pseudolegendary emperor of the fourth century, reportedly enjoyed falconry.
The growing use of social media to spread anger and dissent in the Arab world has been hailed by western governments as one of the chief justifications for a completely unfettered internet. The US is reportedly funding the secret rollout of technology in Iran in an effort to undermine internet censors in the country.
Coristine, who had signed onto the telemeeting using a non-government email address, gave the bureaucrats swift marching orders, telling them he needed access to the federal department’s contract and payment systems before reportedly making them justify their jobs at the $1 billion-budget administration.
Translations:
subdivision
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *upó
Proto-Italic *supo
Latin sub
Latin sub-der.
English sub-
English division
English subdivision
From sub- + division.
Inflected forms:
form: subdivisions
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: subdiv.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: sbdv.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: subd.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A division into smaller pieces of something that has already been divided.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Formosa: Prewar conditions in Formosa were described in an article in FOREIGN COMMERCE WEEKLY of January 1, 1944. According to an announcement of the official Chinese News Service, there are to be 8 chief administrative subdivisions of Formosa. Although it is not known that their boundary lines will exactly coincide with those of the provinces under Japanese rule, this is probable. Names of the new hsien (districts), with corresponding Japanese province names in parentheses, are as follows: Taipei (Taihoku); Hsinchu (Shinchiku); Taichung (Taichu); Tainan (Tainan); Kaohsiung (Takao); Hwalienkan (Karenko); and Taitung (Taito). The Pescadores Islands form the eighth hsien. Nine cities will continue to be recognized as municipalities: Taipei (Taihoku); Taichung (Taichu); Tainan (Tainan); Chilung (Kiirun or Keelung); Kaohsiung (Takao); Hsinchu (Shinchiku); Chiayi (Kagi); Changhua (Shoka); and Pintung (Heito).
gloss: Such a piece that has been divided.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Work on one subdivision at a time.
gloss: A parcel of land that has been divided into lots.
pos: noun
tags: countable
gloss: A group of houses created by the same builder or in the same general area.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: They're putting in a new subdivision out past Black Ranch Road.
gloss: A gated community located within a barangay.
pos: noun
tags: Philippines
countable
uncountable
examples: ... By the 1970s, cattle rustling had fallen by the wayside, as tractors replaced carabaos and industrial estates and residential subdivisions supplanted rice fields as the mainstays of Cavite's suburban northern towns.
As the farms give way to the residential subdivisions and industrial estates, the centuries-old traditional Filipino houses, slightly raised above grounds and standing on stilts, are abandoned in the quest for more living space.
Derived words: minisubdivision
subdivisional
Translations:
suggestive
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From suggest + -ive.
Base: suggest
Affixes: -ive
Inflected forms:
form: more suggestive
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most suggestive
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Tending to suggest or imply.
pos: adj
examples: The painting is abstract, but the colors are suggestive of fruit or the Mediterranean.
But Sophia's mother was not the woman to brook defiance. After a few moments' vain remonstrance her husband complied. His manner and appearance were suggestive of a satiated sea-lion.
gloss: Suggesting romance, sex, etc.; risqué.
pos: adj
examples: She crossed her legs and shot him a suggestive smile.
Girls read fashion and celebrity magazines at younger and younger ages and look for the same kinds of sexy, suggestive clothing worn by the models.
gloss: Relating to hypnotic suggestion.
pos: adj
Related words: suggestable
suggestible
Derived words: autosuggestive
desuggestive
hypersuggestive
nonsuggestive
suggestively
suggestiveness
unsuggestive
Translations:
methacrylate
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English meth-
English acrylic
English methacrylic
English -ate
English methacrylate
From methacrylic + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Inflected forms:
form: methacrylates
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any salt or ester of methacrylic acid, especially an ester used in the manufacture of resins and plastics.
pos: noun
gloss: A resin manufactured from methacrylic acid or a methacrylate.
pos: noun
Derived words: dimethacrylate
glycolmethacrylate
hydroxyethyl methacrylate
methyl methacrylate
monomethacrylate
polymethylmethacrylate
polymethyl methacrylate
Translations:
pseudorandom
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Ancient Greek ψεύδω (pseúdō)
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *-ēs
Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs)
Ancient Greek -ής (-ḗs)
Ancient Greek ψευδής (pseudḗs)der.
Middle English pseudo-
English pseudo-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃er-
Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH-der.
Proto-Germanic *rinnaną
Proto-West Germanic *rinnan
Frankish *randijubor.
Old French randirder.
Old French randonbor.
Middle English randoun
English randon
English random
English pseudorandom
From pseudo- + random.
Inflected forms:
form: pseudo-random
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of a sequence of numbers, such that it has all the properties of a random sequence following some probability distribution (except true randomness), but is actually generated using a deterministic algorithm.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Simple random samples were chosen from an ordered list with the aid of a Pseudo Random Digit Generator affiliated with the Computer Data Corporation Fortran Compiler.
Elite uses a pseudorandom number generator based on Tribonacci numbers. Unlike Fibonacci numbers, where the nth term in the series is based on the previous two terms, Tribonacci numbers use the previous three terms: […]
Translations:
astronomer
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
Etymology: From Middle English astronomer, equivalent to astronomy + -er. Displaced native Old English tungolcræftiga.
Base: astronomy
Affixes: -er
Inflected forms:
form: astronomers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.
pos: noun
examples: Pioneering American astronomer Vera Rubin once mentored fellow aspiring female astronomers and advocated for women in science. It’s fitting that the first national US observatory named for a female astronomer is in her honor.
But none of those brown dwarfs were speeding along on a trajectory that would carry them out of the galaxy like “runaway” hypervelocity stars observed by astronomers in the last two decades.
Translations:
meze
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Turkish meze and Greek μεζές (mezés), both from Ottoman Turkish مزه (meze), from Iranian Persian مَزِه (maze, “taste, snack”).
Inflected forms:
form: mezes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: mezedes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: mazza
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: mezze
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: mazzeh
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: mazze
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Small portions of starters typical of Turkish, Greek and Levantine cuisine (equivalent to Spanish tapas or Hawaiian pu pu) often served as a light meal with pita.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
tzatziki
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Greek τζατζίκι (tzatzíki), from Ottoman Turkish جاجیق (cacık). Doublet of cacik.
Inflected forms:
form: tzatzikis
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: tzadziki
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: An appetizer made from yogurt, cucumber, garlic, olive oil and dill or mint; usually served with pita bread and as a meze
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Translations:
Hindustani
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Borrowed from Hindustani ہِنْدُوسْتانی (hindūstānī) / हिंदुस्तानी (hindustānī), from Classical Persian هِنْدُوسْتَانِی (hindūstānī), from هِنْدُو (hindū, “Hindu, Indian”) + ـسْتَان (-stān, “land”) + adjective suffix ـِی (-ī). Equivalent to Hindustan + -i.
Base: Hindustan
Affixes: -i
Inflected forms:
form: more Hindustani
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most Hindustani
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: Hindoostane
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindostanee
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindoostanee
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindoostani
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindustanee
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindustane
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindōstāni
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindustanis
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: Hindoostane
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindostanee
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindoostanee
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindoostani
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindustanee
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindustane
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: Hindōstāni
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Related to India, varying historically from the entire Indian subcontinent to India north of the Deccan, especially the plains of the Ganges and Jumna.
pos: adj
gloss: Any thing related to Mughal Empire.
pos: adj
tags: dated
gloss: of or pertaining to Hindustani music.
pos: adj
gloss: A person from India, varying historically from the entire subcontinent to India north of the Deccan, especially the plains of the Ganges and Jumna.
pos: noun
Translations:
sepulture
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English sepulture, sepultur, from Old French sepulture, from Latin sepultura.
Inflected forms:
form: sepultures
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: sepulturing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: sepultured
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: sepultured
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To inter in a sepulture.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Translations:
jefe
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish jefe (“leader, boss”), from Old French chief, from Latin caput. Doublet of chief, chef, caput, and head.
Inflected forms:
form: jefes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An officer with political influence; a head or chief in government, such as a sheriff, particularly where that person is Hispanic or of Mexican descent.
pos: noun
tags: US
informal
examples: Antonio Rivera Cabezas was chosen vice-jefe in March 1830.
before he stepped forward uttering the stereotyped greeting, the Texan had put him down as the jefe or head man....
Snatching up the rifle he lit out after the jefe, who had left two jumps ahead of the smoke.
Hilario Saño, a suspect, resident here but much doubted by the jefe local, was put to the test
gloss: A boss in a business, company, or other organization.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: “They ain’t going to deliver the cattle across.... They’ve taken too much of a beating as it is. They’ve lost their big jefe and lots of men.”
When they were slacking off in the mine, for example, and a jefe arrived unexpectedly, they shouted loro (parrot) or fuego (fire) as warning signals.
A jefe in this sense is a mentor, a person who is often a compadre of the migrant.... In any case, a jefe is not a loan shark
2005 May, Monica Rico, EMails that Go Nowhere, Google Mail.
A jefe in this sense refers to a true boss, the leader of the household, also known as Jose Rico.
Related words: jefe político
Translations:
jota
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Spanish jotabor.
English jota
Borrowed from Spanish jota.
Inflected forms:
form: jotas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A traditional popular dance of the Iberian peninsula with regional variations.
pos: noun
gloss: The music to which this dance is set, normally of 3/4 or 6/8 time.
pos: noun
Translations:
disadvantage
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English disavauntage, from Old French desavantage.
Inflected forms:
form: disadvantages
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: disadvauntage
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: disadvantages
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: disadvantaging
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: disadvantaged
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: disadvantaged
pos: verb
tags: past
form: disadvauntage
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A weakness or undesirable characteristic; con; drawback.
pos: noun
examples: The disadvantage to owning a food processor is that you have to store it somewhere.
One of the disadvantages of increasing intermediate stops is that, as we have pointed out already, certain prestige trains have to suffer, notably the "Cornish Riviera Express", slowed 15min to Plymouth by stops at Taunton and Exeter; the "Torbay Express", decelerated 18min by stops at Reading, Westbury, Taunton and Newton Abbot; and the "Bristolian", which adds 14min in order to allow for a Bath stop and an increased load.
gloss: A setback or handicap.
pos: noun
examples: My height is a disadvantage for reaching high shelves.
I was brought hither under the disadvantage of being unknown, even by sight, to any of you.
1859-1890, John G. Palfrey, History of New England to the Revolutionary War
Abandoned by their great patron, the faction henceforward acted at disadvantage.
gloss: Loss; detriment; hindrance.
pos: noun
examples: They would throw a construction on his conduct, to his disadvantage before the public.
gloss: To place at a disadvantage.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: They fear it might disadvantage honest participants to allow automated entries.
For London to have its own exclusive immigration policy would exacerbate the sense that immigration benefits only certain groups and disadvantages the rest. It would entrench the gap between London and the rest of the nation. And it would widen the breach between the public and the elite that has helped fuel anti-immigrant hostility.
Antonyms: advantage
Derived words: disadvantageable
first-mover disadvantage
Translations:
star-crossed
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From star + crossed. Coined by William Shakespeare in 1597 in Romeo and Juliet, see quotations.
Compound parts: star
crossed
Inflected forms:
form: more star-crossed
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most star-crossed
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: starcrossed
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: star-cross
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Ill-fated by destiny, the fate of the person being “written in the stars”.
pos: adj
tags: idiomatic
examples: The star-crossed lovers looked into each other's eyes, before dying.
From forth the fatall loynes of theſe two foes, / A paire of ſtarre-crost Louers tooke their life:
But now, such is my star-cross'd destiny, / When he beholds you as you are, I may / As well entreat him give away his crown, / As to part from a jewel of more value.
For a few moments he sat dazed, visualizing that dreadful waste near New Orleans where in the sand it was so easy for the star-crossed Chevalier to bury the idol of his heart.
After a star-crossed regular season, Morgan vowed Thursday to show the college hoops world what it has been missing.
Translations:
plummet
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From Middle English plommet (“ball of lead, plumb of a bob-line”), recorded since 1382, from Old French plommet or plomet, the diminutive of plom, plum (“lead, sounding lead”), from Latin plumbum (“lead”). The verb is first recorded in 1626, originally meaning “to fathom, take soundings", from the noun.
Inflected forms:
form: plummets
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: plummets
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: plummeting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: plummetting
pos: verb
tags: nonstandard
participle
present
rare
form: plummeted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: plummeted
pos: verb
tags: past
form: plummetted
pos: verb
tags: nonstandard
participle
past
rare
form: plummetted
pos: verb
tags: nonstandard
past
rare
Senses:
gloss: A piece of lead attached to a line, used in sounding the depth of water; a plumb bob or a plumb line.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
examples: I'le ſeeke him deeper than ere plummet ſounded, / And with him there lye mudded.
Iudgement also will I lay to the line, and righteousnesse to the plummet: and the haile shall sweepe away the refuge of lyes, and the waters shall ouerflow the hiding place.
Each long black hair upon his head hung down as straight as any plummet line; […]
And love was the plummet dropped down into the deeps of him where like had never gone.
He told her then of his life since he had returned to the jungle—of how he had dropped like a plummet from a civilized Parisian to a savage Waziri warrior, and from there back to the brute that he had been raised.
gloss: Hence, any weight.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
examples: His parachute was shot half away, and if he'd jumped he would have fallen like a plummet.
gloss: A piece of lead formerly used by schoolchildren to rule paper for writing (that is, to mark with rules, with lines).
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: A violent or dramatic fall.
pos: noun
gloss: A decline; a fall; a drop.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
examples: Yet another seriously under-par performance is unlikely to provide any real answers to their remarkable plummet in form - but it proves they can at least churn out a much-needed result.
gloss: To drop swiftly, in a direct manner; to fall quickly.
pos: verb
tags: idiomatic
intransitive
examples: After its ascent, the arrow plummeted to earth.
The switchback road to Diabaig - pronounced 'Jer-vague' - passes through some of the most exhilarating scenery in Scotland. […] With a final swoop, the road plummets down into Diabaig, where cottages are dotted across the slopes of a rocky semi-circle.
Some speculated Twitter’s stock would plummet, while another said the company would not have to be owned by “a moron,” using an expletive to refer to Mr. Musk.
Passenger numbers had been rising sharply. But the replacement of the services by buses, which take far longer because of the number of stations in out-of-the-way villages on the route, will ensure they plummet again.
Antonyms: ascend
rise
rocket
soar
skyrocket
Translations:
humoresque
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Etymology tree
German Humoreskebor.
English humoresque
Borrowed from German Humoreske.
Inflected forms:
form: humoresques
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A composition that is playful in attitude and tone.
pos: noun
Translations:
julio
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian giulio. Doublet of Julius.
Inflected forms:
form: julios
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A former coin of Italy, struck by Pope Julius II (1503-13).
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: At Rome every Pleasurable Female pays a Julio per Week to the Church […]
Translations:
divertimento
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian, from divertire (“to amuse, to entertain”), from Latin dīvertere.
Inflected forms:
form: divertimentos
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: divertimenti
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: composition that has several short movements, a style that composers started to use in the 18th century.
pos: noun
Translations:
maru
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Japanese 丸(まる) (maru, “circle; suffix used for ship names”).
Inflected forms:
form: marus
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A Japanese ship, especially a merchant ship.
pos: noun
examples: the Nippon Maru
Intelligence Report […] It is possible that there may be an increase in the number of transports and marus.
Does the 9th Fleet have enough marus and warships to carry two divisions of troops and their supplies to Buna?
four more marus fell to torpedoes
gloss: A semi-voiced diacritic (゜) used with Japanese kana to change a /h/ to a /p/.
pos: noun
tags: colloquial
gloss: A large, circular punctuation mark (。) used as a full stop in Japanese text.
pos: noun
Derived words: Kobayashi Maru
Translations:
spearhead
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: compound
Topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: From Middle English spere-hed; equivalent to spear + head.
Compound parts: spear
head
Inflected forms:
form: spearheads
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: spearheads
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: spearheading
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: spearheaded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: spearheaded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: The pointed head, or end, of a spear.
pos: noun
examples: Orion hit a rabbit once; but though sore wounded it got to the bury, and, struggling in, the arrow caught the side of the hole and was drawn out.[…]. Ikey the blacksmith had forged us a spearhead after a sketch from a picture of a Greek warrior; and a rake-handle served as a shaft.
gloss: One who leads or initiates an activity (such as an attack or a campaign).
pos: noun
examples: Spearheads of the NER bargain fares attack this year have been the introduction of weekend fares at a 7s 6d in the £ discount on ordinary rates between principal stations throughout the Region—[...].
gloss: The leading military unit in an attack.
pos: noun
gloss: A player who initiates attacking moves.
pos: noun
examples: England played at a tempo in attack that was too much for Bulgaria, with width provided at various times by Walcott, Young and Stewart Downing and Rooney acting as the potent spearhead.
gloss: To drive or campaign ardently for (an effort, project, etc.); to direct.
pos: verb
tags: idiomatic
transitive
examples: He spearheaded the entire project from day one.
Newcastle have put themselves within touching distance after a fantastic run which has been spearheaded by the goals of Senegal striker Cisse.
George Monks spearheaded the project to solve this problem with a funicular, and work on the Lynton & Lynmouth Cliff Railway (L&LCR) began in 1887.
Musk is betting that lonely users will trade their cash (and last shreds of their connection to human life) for a bot that is explicitly designed to flirt with sad men, as the saddest man on Earth spearheaded it.
Bessent has also been spearheading trade negotiations. Last week he traveled to Sweden to meet with Chinese trade officials to discuss extending the current tariff rates in place on both countries’ goods. This comes as there’s a looming August 12 deadline for the two sides to extend rates or face higher tariffs.
Translations:
ardently
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English ardauntly; equivalent to ardent + -ly.
Base: ardent
Affixes: -ly
Inflected forms:
form: more ardently
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most ardently
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: fervently
pos: adv
examples: All scandals aside, Jewish establishment donors and leaders obsessed not only with Jewish continuity but the right kind of continuity—ardently pro-Israel children of two Jewish parents—have failed on their own terms.
Translations:
reminder
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: business
finance
Etymology: Etymology tree
English remind
English -er
English reminder
From remind + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: reminders
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Someone or something that reminds.
pos: noun
examples: He left a note as a reminder to get groceries.
Find out all he can suggest, but […] don't take him in to your brother. No reminders of the past just yet.
gloss: Writing that reminds of open payments.
pos: noun
examples: She ignored first the reminder of 80 cents. At the end, she was sentenced to pay 200 euros!
Derived words: animal reminder disgust
pill reminder
Translations:
unsolicited
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Germanic *un-
Proto-West Germanic *un-
Old English un-
Middle English un-
English un-
English solicited
English unsolicited
From un- + solicited.
Inflected forms:
form: more unsolicited
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most unsolicited
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Not requested; neither welcomed nor invited.
pos: adj
examples: People have become very frustrated with unsolicited sales calls.
In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result.
Mr. Hankwitz’s endorsement of Betterment was unsolicited, but the power of so-called finfluencers like him has not gone unnoticed.
Antonyms: solicited
Translations:
reinforce
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English inforce
English reinforce
From re- + inforce.
Inflected forms:
form: reinforces
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: reinforcing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: reinforced
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: reinforced
pos: verb
tags: past
form: re-enforce
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: reenforce
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To strengthen, especially by addition or augmentation.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He reinforced the handle with a metal rod and a bit of tape.
[T]hey [the English] valiantly, and vvith the ſlaughter of many, put backe the enemy: vvhich vvas ſo farre from daunting the Normans, that by it they vvere more vvhetted to re-enforce themſelues vpon them: […]
gloss: To emphasize or review.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The right homework will reinforce and complement the lesson!
The accident was also one of several since Clapham [...] that demonstrated the role of breakable windows in the death toll. RSSB research would later confirm and reinforce the need for laminated glass to protect passengers and increase survivability.
gloss: To encourage (a behavior or idea) through repeated stimulus.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Advertising for fast food can reinforce unhealthy dietary tendencies.
Mr. Schlossberg’s rant angered activists for immigrant rights, who said it reinforced stereotypes that Spanish speakers are not citizens. And they worried that it perpetuated fear within immigrant communities of ICE’s aggressive tactics to deport those who are undocumented.
Derived words: reinforceability
reinforceable
reinforcement
reinforcer
reinforcible
rereinforce
self-reinforce
self-reinforcing
Translations:
backtrack
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeg-der.?
Proto-Germanic *baką
Proto-West Germanic *bak
Old English bæc
Middle English bak
English back
English track
English backtrack
From back + track.
Inflected forms:
form: backtracks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: backtracks
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: backtracking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: backtracked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: backtracked
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: The act of backtracking.
pos: noun
gloss: To retrace one's steps.
pos: verb
examples: I dropped my sunglasses and had to backtrack to find them.
Trophy in paw, I invest another hour twenty backtracking to find my original spawn-in spot, and reduce Fluffoki and her little friendlings to so much dead flesh, although sorry to say, it being a kids' game, they die in splatters of sparks rather than [...]
gloss: To repeat or review work already done.
pos: verb
examples: If we backtrack through this problem, maybe we can figure out where we went wrong.
gloss: To taxi down an active runway in the opposite direction to that being used for takeoff.
pos: verb
examples: Speedbird One: enter and backtrack Runway 27 Left.
gloss: To exercise a racehorse around the racetrack in the opposite direction to that in which races are run.
pos: verb
gloss: To go back on or withdraw a statement.
pos: verb
examples: Woodward’s mild rebuke of Tatis received backlash from most players who spoke out, and even Woodward backtracked and reexplained himself the next day.
“You saw the disaster that followed when Trump spoke out against the Florida [amendment],” said Trish Crouse, a political science professor at the University of New Haven. “He found himself having to backtrack and reexplain himself.”
Derived words: backtracker
backtracking
Translations:
critter
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: rail-transport
railways
transport
Etymology: First attested 1815, from a dialectal pronunciation of creature.
Inflected forms:
form: critters
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A creature, and specifically, an animal or something animal-like.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
US
endearing
usually
examples: The San Juan market is Mexico City's most famous deli of exotic meats, where an adventurous shopper can hunt down hard-to-find critters such as ostrich, wild boar and crocodile.
gloss: A small locomotive used in an industrial setting.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: One of the biggest challenges facing a railfan photographer is the correct identification of one manufacturer's "critter" locomotive from that of another competing builder.
Derived words: congresscritter
crispy critter
crittercam
critterproof
crotch critter
fearsome critter
gendercritter
salescritter
spokescritter
werecritter
Translations:
myristate
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English myristic acid
English -ate
English myristate
From myristic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Inflected forms:
form: myristates
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any salt or ester of myristic acid.
pos: noun
Translations:
retrace
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: broadcasting
business
finance
media
television
Etymology: From French retracer, from Middle French retracier.
Inflected forms:
form: retraces
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: retracing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: retraced
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: retraced
pos: verb
tags: past
form: retraces
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To trace (a line, etc. in drawing) again.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To go back over something, usually in an attempt at rediscovery.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He retraced his steps, and found his keys where he had dropped them.
Instead of retracing my route, I have elected to walk across Blackpool to the town's remaining large station, although even this has been greatly reduced in size.
gloss: To undergo retracement.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: The period when the beam of the cathode-ray tube returns to its initial horizontal position in order to start the next line of the display.
pos: noun
gloss: An instance of retracement.
pos: noun
Derived words: retraceable
retrace one's steps
Translations:
mansard
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French mansarde, from Francois Mansart, French architect.
Inflected forms:
form: mansards
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: having two slopes on each side, the lower being steeper than the upper
pos: adj
gloss: A mansard roof
pos: noun
gloss: The upper storey of a building, surrounded by such a roof
pos: noun
Derived words: mansarded
Translations:
folate
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English folic acid
English -ate
English folate
From folic acid + -ate (“salt or ester”).
Inflected forms:
form: folates
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A salt or ester of folic acid, especially one present in the vitamin B complex.
pos: noun
Translations:
nitrite
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Inflected forms:
form: nitrites
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any salt or ester of nitrous acid.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: John Birdsall, a scientist for the American Meat Institute, said that there were no industry qualms about trying to lower the nitrite amounts even farther. For centuries, some form of nitrites have been used to cure and to preserve bacon and to give it a pink color.
gloss: The univalent radical -NO₂, and the anion NO₂⁻
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Derived words: alkyl nitrite
amyl nitrite
butyl nitrite
cyclohexyl nitrite
ethyl nitrite
hyponitrite
isoamyl nitrite
isopropyl nitrite
nitrite reductase
nitritoid
nitrituria
potassium nitrite
sodium nitrite
sulfonitrite
sulphonitrite
Translations:
inhalant
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English inhale
Proto-Indo-European *-onts
Latin -ns
Latin -āns
Old French -antbor.
Proto-Indo-European *-onts
Proto-Germanic *-ndz
Proto-West Germanic *-andī
Old English -ende
Middle English -ant
English -ant
English inhalant
From inhale + -ant.
Inflected forms:
form: inhalants
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Intended for inhaling.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Something, especially a medication, that is inhaled.
pos: noun
examples: There are three theories about what caused the cardiac arrest, Kramp said: The inhalant could have oversensitized the patient’s heart, which can make any subsequent stress, like getting caught by a parent, cause cardiac arrest. Also, inhalants decrease the strength of contraction of the heart muscle.
On social media and beyond, many have taken to using the brand’s name in a more colloquial fashion, with “Galaxy Gas” being used as a catchall for nitrous oxide inhalants at large, regardless of whether they are actually Galaxy Gas products or not.
Translations:
alf
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: human-sciences
mysticism
mythology
philosophy
sciences
Etymology: From Danish and Swedish alf, from Old Norse alfr; see also Dutch alf. Doublet of elf, awf, and oaf.
Inflected forms:
form: alfs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: alfar
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A supernatural being similar to an elf; one of the Dǫkkálfar or Ljósalfar.
pos: noun
tags: Norse
examples: As the Scandinavians were at that time still worshippers of Thor and Odin, the belief in Alfs and Dwarfs accompanied them to their new abodes, and there, as elsewhere, survived the introduction of Christianity.
[T]he charm suggests rather that the Ases had sunk to a level where they could be counted together with witches and lesser wights, than that the alfs were seen as godly beings at the time the charm was composed.
Translations:
dried
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Without water or moisture, said of something that has previously been wet or moist; resulting from the process of drying.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Usually of foods: cured, preserved by drying.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: dried fish; dried fruit
gloss: Sold raw and unprocessed.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: dried lentils
Antonyms: canned
tinned
Derived words: cut and dried
dried-fish woman
dried fruit
dried milk
driedness
dried out
dried plum
dried up
drum-dried
freeze-dried
low-dried
predried
self-dried
semidried
spin-dried
sun-dried
undried
Translations:
Hansard
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: PIE word
 *ḱóm
From Middle English hansard (“merchant or citizen of a Hanseatic town; member of a merchant guild; a surname”), from hanse, hansze, hanze, haunse (“merchant guild; the Hanseatic League; member of the Hanseatic League; membership fee for a merchant guild; payment in general”) + -ard (suffix forming adjectives and nouns). Hanse is derived from Old French hanse (“merchant guild; membership fee for a merchant guild”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, by; with; along”) + *sed- (“to sit”). The English word is analysable as Hanse (“merchant guild; the Hanseatic League”) + -ard (suffix forming agent nouns, especially pejorative ones).
Affixes: -ard
Inflected forms:
form: Hansards
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of a Hanse (“merchant guild”), or a resident of a Hanse town.
pos: noun
tags: also
attributive
historical
examples: The cloſe of the thirteenth century appears to been have a remarkable era in the commercial hiſtory of London. In 1296, the company of merchant-adventurers was firſt incorporated by Edward I. The Hanſards, or Hanſe merchants, also received conſiderable privileges about the ſame time.
The merchants of the Hanse Towns, or Hansards, as they were then commonly termed, were established in London at a very early period, and their factory here was of considerable magnitude and importance.
The earlier commercial fisheries of the northern Atlantic waters were mainly of herring and mackerel, taken by nets in the North and Norwegian seas and marketed abroad by Hansard merchants.
Discussions concerning economic activities of the Hansards often immediately turn to kontors and outposts. [...] At these junctions in the European trade network, the economic sphere, partly dominated by the Hansards, connected various trade regions with different economic and social cultures, goods, and customs.
Festering antagonism between English and Hanseatic merchants was rooted in the principle of reciprocity. The Hansards enjoyed extensive trading privileges in England, especially at the Steelyard in London, yet they offered their English counterparts no such commercial concessions in their own markets.
Translations:
fluoro
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰel-der.
Proto-Indo-European *bʰlewH-der.
Proto-Indo-European *bʰluH-yé-ti?
Latin fluō
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *-ōs
Proto-Italic *-ōs
Latin -or
Latin fluorbor.
English fluor
Proto-Indo-European *-tósder.
Ancient Greek -της (-tēs)der.
Ancient Greek -ῑ́της (-ī́tēs)der.
Latin -ītēsbor.
French -iteder.
English -ite
English fluorite
Middle Low German sparder.
Old English spærstān
Middle English sparston
English sparstonebf.
English spar
blend
English fluorspar
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti
Proto-Indo-European *-sḱéti
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁sḱeti
Proto-Italic *-ēskō
Latin -ēscō
Latin -escensder.
English -escence
English fluorescencebf.
English fluoresce
English -ent
English fluor(escent)
English -o
English fluoro
From fluor(escent) + -o.
Inflected forms:
form: fluoros
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: more fluoro
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most fluoro
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: A fluorescent light.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
colloquial
examples: She held her grey felt hat in her hand, slapping the flat brim lightly against her leg as she walked, her tinted hair gleaming under the fluoros.
About one in 20 epilepsy sufferers are sensitive to flashing lights, which can include strobe lighting or flickering fluoros[…].
gloss: Fluorescent.
pos: adj
tags: Australia
examples: And yes, as he peers beyond a boulder, down in the hollow he can make out two figures in khaki moving around a fluoro orange tent.
Translations:
inconspicuous
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin incōnspicuus. Equivalent to in- + conspicuous.
Base: conspicuous
Affixes: in-
Inflected forms:
form: more inconspicuous
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most inconspicuous
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Invisible.
pos: adj
gloss: Not prominent nor easily noticeable.
pos: adj
examples: Look at those men! They were supposed to be inconspicuous!
Approaching danger, whether from octopus, fish or man, arouses caution in a small mollusk and it becomes as inconspicuous as it can.
Synonyms: discreet
improminent
inconspicuous
inevident
inobtrusive
low-profile
noteless
obscure
unconspicuous
unevident
unobtrusive
Antonyms: conspicuous
Related words: obscure
unnoticeable
background
notable
unintrusive
unknown
Derived words: inconspicuously
inconspicuousness
Translations:
gnomic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
Etymology: From French gnomique, ultimately from Ancient Greek γνωμικός (gnōmikós), from γνώμη (gnṓmē, “thought, judgement”), akin to γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “know”). By surface analysis, gnome + -ic.
Inflected forms:
form: more gnomic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most gnomic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of, or relating to gnomes (sententious sayings).
pos: adj
examples: His birth-place was Colophon, an Ionian city of Asia-Minor; a city long famous as the seat of elegiac and gnomic poetry, and ranking the poet Minmermus amongst its celebrated men.
Old English culture was threaded through with riddles, cryptograms, gnomic verses, charms and riddling modes of speech such as litotes, just as Modern English culture is (if you will forgive me) riddled with jokes and catch-phrases, crosswords and quizzes, irony and sarcasm.
gloss: Mysterious and often incomprehensible yet seemingly wise.
pos: adj
examples: He always makes gnomic utterances.
The gnomic belief that the world is conditioned by love is no idle apothegm.
In his part gnomic, part mechanic’s style, Mr. Pirsig’s narrator declares that the real world is a seamless continuum of the material and metaphysical.
[…] on other parts of the whiteboard, she'd written more gnomic prompts (“Food area,” “Objects,” “Substances”).
gloss: Expressing general truths or aphorisms.
pos: adj
examples: gnomic aspect
Related words: gnome
Derived words: gnomically
metagnomic
Translations: