yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
toll
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: business
law
Etymology: From Middle English toll, tol, tolle, from Old English toll m or n and toln f (“toll, duty, custom”), from Proto-West Germanic *toll, *tolnu, from Proto-Germanic *tullaz, *tullō (“that which is counted or told, reckoning”), from Proto-Indo-European *del- (“calculation, fraud”).
Cognate with Saterland Frisian Tol (“toll”), Dutch tol (“toll”), German Zoll (“toll, duty, customs”), Danish told (“toll, duty, tariff”), Swedish tull (“toll, customs”), Icelandic tollur (“toll, customs”). More at tell, tale.
Alternate etymology derives Old English toll from Medieval Latin tolōneum, tolōnium, alteration (due to the Germanic forms above) of Latin telōneum, from Ancient Greek τελώνιον (telṓnion, “toll-house”), from τέλος (télos, “tax”).
Inflected forms:
form: tolls
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: tolls
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: tolling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: tolled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: tolled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A fee paid for some liberty or privilege, particularly for the privilege of passing over a bridge or on a highway, or for that of vending goods in a fair, market, etc.
pos: noun
examples: Meanwhile, the tolls dispute had gone to the courts, and the E.L.R. was completely successful when, in 1856, the House of Lords awarded it the sum of £30,000 against the L.Y.R. for tolls overcharged.
gloss: Loss or damage incurred through a disaster.
pos: noun
examples: The war has taken its toll on the people.
gloss: A fee paid by the owner of materials or other goods for processing such goods, as under a tolling agreement.
pos: noun
examples: toll ore refining; toll manufacturing
gloss: A fee for using any kind of material processing service.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
examples: We can handle on a toll basis your needs for spray drying, repackaging, crushing and grinding, and dry blending.
gloss: A tollbooth.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: We will be replacing some manned tolls with high-speed device readers.
gloss: A liberty to buy and sell within the bounds of a manor.
pos: noun
tags: UK
obsolete
gloss: A portion of grain taken by a miller as a compensation for grinding.
pos: noun
tags: England
obsolete
regional
gloss: To impose a fee for the use of.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Once more it is proposed to toll the East River bridges.
gloss: To levy a toll on (someone or something).
pos: verb
tags: ambitransitive
examples: No Italian priest
Shall tithe or toll in our dominions.
gloss: To take as a toll.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To pay a toll or tallage.
pos: verb
examples: I will buy me a sonne in Law in a faire, and toule for this. Ile none of him.
Derived words: antitoll
burn the coal, pay the toll
Cameron Toll
death toll
e-toll
take a toll
take its toll
tollage
toll barrier
toll booth
toll bridge
toll call
toll castle
tolldish
toll-free
tollgate
tollgatherer
tollhouse
tollkeeper
toll line
tollman
tollmaster
tollperson
toll road
tolltaker
tollway
tollwoman
toller
tollable
untolled
Translations:
bandar
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Hindi बंदर (bandar)bor.
English bandar
Borrowed from Hindi बंदर (bandar).
Inflected forms:
form: bandars
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A rhesus macaque.
pos: noun
Translations:
disaster
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French desastre, from Italian disastro, from dis- + astro (“star”), from Latin astrum (“star”), from Ancient Greek ἄστρον (ástron, “star”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂stḗr.
Inflected forms:
form: disasters
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: disastre
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent change to the natural environment.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: People would suffer disasters when society's morality degenerates.
Floods in northern India, mostly in the small state of Uttarakhand, have wrought disaster on an enormous scale. The early, intense onset of the monsoon on June 14th swelled rivers, washing away roads, bridges, hotels and even whole villages. Rock-filled torrents smashed vehicles and homes, burying victims under rubble and sludge.
gloss: An unforeseen event causing great loss, upset or unpleasantness of whatever kind.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: And no use for anyone to tell Charles that this was because the Family was in mourning for Mr Granville Darracott […]: Charles might only have been second footman at Darracott Place for a couple of months when that disaster occurred, but no one could gammon him into thinking that my lord cared a spangle for his heir.
A nod means good, two nods; very good. And then there's the pursing of the lips: disaster.
gloss: A skateboard trick involving a 180-degree ollie, landing on the center of the board with the front trucks facing towards the ramp and the back trucks over the lip. The skater then leans forwards to return in the ramp.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Synonyms: adversity
apocalypse
calamity
catastrophe
disaster
misery
qualm
woe
Related words: misfortune
accident
dumpster fire
mishap
misadventure
mischance
tire fire
disastrous
disastrously
Derived words: blizzaster
disaster area
disasterclass
disaster film
disaster flora
disasterless
disasterly
disaster movie
disasteroid
disasterpiece
disaster tourism
disaster tourist
disaster waiting to happen
disastrophe
ecodisaster
megadisaster
minidisaster
natural disaster
nondisaster
post-disaster
postdisaster
predisaster
recipe for disaster
Translations:
dyslexia
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
neurology
neuroscience
pathology
sciences
Etymology: Learned borrowing from French dyslexie and/or German Dyslexie, coined by German ophthalmologist Rudolf Berlin in 1887, from dys- + lexis + -ia, from Ancient Greek δυσ- (dus-) + λέξις (léxis, “diction”, “word”), from Ancient Greek λέγω (légō, “to speak”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *leg- (“to collect, gather; to speak”). The term was coined with λέξις (léxis) being taken to mean "reading," likely due to semantic conflation of Greek λέγω (légō, “to speak”) and Latin legō (“to read”). By surface analysis, dys + lex(is) + -ia.
Base: dys
Affixes: -ia
Inflected forms:
form: dyslexias
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A learning disability characterized by reading and writing difficulties.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Antonyms: hyperlexia
Translations:
dyslexic
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: By surface analysis, dyslexia + -ic. Piecewise doublet of dyslectic.
Inflected forms:
form: more dyslexic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most dyslexic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: dyslexics
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to dyslexia.
pos: adj
gloss: Having dyslexia.
pos: adj
examples: She a feminist, she think I'm sexist / Twistin' my words, I think she dyslexic
gloss: A person who has dyslexia.
pos: noun
Derived words: dyslexically
nondyslexic
Translations:
vet
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Clipping of veterinarian.
Inflected forms:
form: vets
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: vets
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: vetting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: vetted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: vetted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A veterinarian or veterinary surgeon.
pos: noun
tags: colloquial
examples: Colin Cameron, a vet who examined the dead animal, said there was "no doubt the kitten would have suffered unnecessarily" before dying.
gloss: To thoroughly check or investigate particularly with regard to providing formal approval.
pos: verb
examples: The FBI vets all nominees to the Federal bench.
Sir Humphrey Appleby: Nevertheless we do not admit it (the existence of MI6). Not everyone round this table has been vetted (pun). / Jim Hacker: I thought that's something you do to cats (laugh track). / Sir Humphrey Appleby: Yes indeed, but not ferrets, Minister (laugh track).
41 year-old Thupten from Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture confirmed this threat of punishment. “The people in my area were very discontent when an election was announced. We knew that the candidates selected had already been carefully vetted by higher Chinese officials, and that our ‘voting’ was mere lip-service to Chinese claims of democracy, but we did it anyway.
House and Senate Committees are made up of elected legislators who vet the bill and hear from stakeholders and members of the public.
Translations:
headscarf
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *kap-
Proto-Indo-European *káput
Proto-Germanic *haubudą
Old English hēafod
Middle English heed
English head
English scarf
English headscarf
From head + scarf.
Inflected forms:
form: headscarves
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: headscarfs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: head scarf
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: head-scarf
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A more or less square piece of material worn over the head, typically by women, often to protect the hair, or for religious reasons.
pos: noun
examples: As far as only the Quran itself is concerned, wearing a headscarf is neither required nor prohibited.
But as Ms. Eran adjusted her resplendent costume, two young women wearing traditional headscarfs walked across the plaza nearby.
The headscarf is a perfect tool to block the nonmoderns from participating in the class privileges that the modern state represents.
By the early 1980s, Gucci was overlicensed, with its logo on every product imaginable from headscarves to key rings to lighters.
Translations:
waterfall
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From Middle English waterfal, waterfalle, from Old English wæterġefeall (“waterfall”), equivalent to water + fall. Cognate with West Frisian wetterfal (“waterfall”), Dutch waterval (“waterfall”), German Wasserfall (“waterfall”), Swedish vattenfall (“waterfall”).
Compound parts: water
fall
Inflected forms:
form: waterfalls
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: waterfalling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: waterfalled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: waterfalled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To fall like a waterfall.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Rain ran off the bill of his fielder's cap and waterfalled in front of his face.
Zondra, whose dirty-blond hair waterfalled above her head from a colorful tie, gave a snorting, horsey kind of laugh.
they turned into the drive of The Manor with its red-brick front and the wonderful cloak of Virginia creeper waterfalling down between the windows.
gloss: To drink (something) from a container by pouring it from a height so as not to touch one's lips to the rim.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: Synonym of recycle.
pos: verb
Related words: cloudfall
icefall
smokefall
forcefall
Derived words: waterfalled
waterfalling
Translations:
aurora
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin aurōra (“dawn”). Doublet of Eos.
Inflected forms:
form: auroras
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: aurorae
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An atmospheric phenomenon created by charged particles from the sun striking the upper atmosphere, creating coloured lights in the sky. It is usually named australis or borealis based on whether it is in the Southern or Northern Hemisphere respectively.
pos: noun
gloss: The Roman goddess of the dawn, equivalent to the Greek Ἠώς (Ēṓs).
pos: noun
gloss: The dawn or early morning light itself; the first light of day.
pos: noun
Derived words: aurora australis
aurora bluetail
aurora borealis
aurora-colored
aurora-coloured
aurora glass
Aurora Hill
auroral
auroraphobia
aurora sauce
aurora yellow
aurorean
black aurora
Translations:
unquestioningly
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English unquestioning
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English unquestioningly
From unquestioning + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more unquestioningly
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most unquestioningly
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Without asking questions or having doubts. With complete obedience and without making any opposition.
pos: adv
examples: She accepted unquestioningly the dictum that a woman's place is in the home.
Miss Hamilton's look expressed surprise, but she accepted what he said unquestioningly; it agreed with much that she had heard.
They [Asian pears] are unquestionably Christmassy and festive, with their golden speckled skin.
Translations:
caron
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology unknown; first known use is the United States Government Printing Office Style Manual of 1967, where it apparently referred to an inverted caret. Possibly derived from caret after its similar shape (^), and with -on either from macron or as an augmentative after reanalysis of -et as a diminutive.
Inflected forms:
form: carons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: háček
pos: noun
Translations:
velocipede
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French vélocipède, from Latin velox (“swift”) + pes (“foot”).
Inflected forms:
form: velocipedes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: velocipedes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: velocipeding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: velocipeded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: velocipeded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An early two-wheeled conveyance upon which one rode astride a wooden frame propelled by means of pushing the feet against the ground.
pos: noun
tags: historical
gloss: any wheeled vehicle powered by pedaling and steered with a handlebar, including but not limited to bicycles and tricycles.
pos: noun
gloss: Any three- or four-wheeled machine driven by foot or hand levers to the rear or front axle.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
gloss: A late-1860s bicycle driven by cranks on the front axle.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
examples: Polly laughed as she ran to view the ruin, for Tom lay flat on his back with the velocipede atop of him
Jimmie Trescott's new velocipede had the largest front wheel of any velocipede in Whilomville.
“They can play with Willie’s playthings,” Nellie said. “They can’t ride on my velocipede!” Willie shouted.
gloss: A bicycle.
pos: noun
tags: humorous
examples: […] his eyes fell upon the instantly recognizable if somewhat battered form of his own bicycle bell. […] 'Hold up there!' he cried, and 'Enough of that! Let loose that velocipede!'
Archroy heard the Irishman's frenzied cries and released his grip. Marchant toppled to the dust in a tangle of flailing spokes.
I sense a portent inflating / an unlikely fellowship forming / and yet as swiftly as communion effloresced, / they leave, / pedalling into the distance / on their restored velocipede.
gloss: to ride on velocipede
pos: verb
examples: Polly and Maud willingly went, and watched his struggles with deep interest, till he got an upset, which nearly put an end to his velocipeding forever.
Related words: celeripede
velocity
velodrome
Translations:
petrichor
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From petr(o)- + ichor.
Coined by Australian scientist Richard Grenfell Thomas in 1964 for the article “Nature of Argillaceous Odour”, co-authored by Isabel Joy Bear and published in the journal Nature.
Base: ichor
Affixes: petro-
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: The distinctive scent, caused by geosmin, which accompanies the first rain after a long, warm, dry spell.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Though it had yet to begin raining, the familiar smell of petrichor appeared to be already present and Neelam suddenly wished she was sitting at home with a nice cup of tea and a good book.
The sources of the heavenly scent during and immediately after it rains are petrichor and geosmin. Petricor is an oil produced by plants then absorbed by rocks and soil and released into the air during rainfall.
gloss: The yellow organic oil that yields this scent.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: He hypothesizes that this factor may be petrichor, an oil which has been isolated from silicate minerals and rocks[…].
Related words: geosmin
Translations:
sit-up
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
English sit updeverb.
English sit-up
Deverbal from sit up.
Inflected forms:
form: sit-ups
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: situp
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: An exercise in which the abdominal muscles are contracted, bringing the torso of a person lying down to a more upright position. The degree of difficulty can be controlled by choosing from partial-range or full-range versions.
pos: noun
examples: Susan's doing sit-ups to strengthen her muscles.
Translations:
oddity
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English odd
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ts
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts
Latin -itāsder.
Old French -itebor.
Middle English -ite
English -ity
English oddity
From odd + -ity.
Inflected forms:
form: oddities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An odd or strange thing or opinion.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: In the old days, to my commonplace and unobserving mind, he gave no evidences of genius whatsoever. He never read me any of his manuscripts, […], and therefore my lack of detection of his promise may in some degree be pardoned. But he had then none of the oddities and mannerisms which I hold to be inseparable from genius, and which struck my attention in after days when I came in contact with the Celebrity.
An Avonside 0-4-4T with outside cylinders, bought by the S.M.A. in 1882 and scrapped in 1892 as a dismal failure, was one of the motive power oddities (some of them mortgaged).
gloss: A strange person; an oddball.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Fête succeeded fête in honour of the arrival of Christina of Sweden, who seemed to communicate her own reckless love of novelty to the then somewhat staid French court. Claim your privileges as an oddity, and even you yourself will be astonished at their extent.
gloss: Strangeness.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: The thing was unprecedented in his experience, and probably he wondered in his equine way at the eccentricities of the human race, and questioned whether oddity might not be merging into insanity in his master’s case.
Related words: oddment
Derived words: oddity effect
Translations:
castrate
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Likely from an unattested sense of Middle English castrat (“(adjective) castrated; (noun) a castrated animal”), substantivized borrowing of Latin castrātus, perfect passive participle of castrō (“to prune, amputate, castrate”), see -ate (noun-forming suffix)).
Affixes: -ate
Inflected forms:
form: castrates
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: castrates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: castrating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: castrated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: castrated
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A castrated man; a eunuch.
pos: noun
examples: The castrate voice had a strange power not duplicated by soprano or countertenor.
gloss: To remove the testicles of a person or animal.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: If the priests of Diana of Ephesus castrated themselves and offered their genitals on the altar, it was because the phallus was the symbol of the dying body.
gloss: To remove the ovaries and/or uterus of an animal.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
uncommon
gloss: To take something from; to render imperfect or ineffectual.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
transitive
Synonyms: geld
spay f
neuter
sterilize
alter
Derived words: castratable
castratee
castrater
castration
castratism
castrative
castrator
castratrix
hemicastrate
immunocastrate
semicastrate
uncastrate
Translations:
leetspeak
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From leet + -speak; the former element is from elite, respelled according to leetspeak conventions.
Base: leet#Etymology 6
Affixes: -speak
Inflected forms:
form: leetspeek
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: l33tspeak
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: l33t5p34k
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: 1337speak
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: 13375p34k
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A form of chatspeak characterized most strongly by its alphanumeric substitutions.
pos: noun
tags: Internet
uncountable
examples: well, after all i am a student of languages... which lets me peek into sociology now and then. i haven't studied the 'leet guys very much, but it seems to me that as they all understand their form of "communication", the main purpose (ie separating themselves as a group from the mainstream) is successful. especially as it is almost impossible to understand leetspeak at first.
Murg is God [It's "/\/\U|>,g 15 g4\/\/D" in l33tsp33k]
People associate "l33t-speak" with hackers, so when new hackers start to get into the scene they assume they need to write like that, which perpetuates the belief that hackers use l33t-sp34k.
Translations:
spay
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English spayen, spaien, from the Anglo-Norman espeier, equivalent to the Old French espeer (“to cut with a sword”), from espee (“sword”), whence the Modern French épée.
Inflected forms:
form: spays
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: spaying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: spayed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: spayed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: spade
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
participle
past
form: spade
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
past
form: spaie
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: spave
pos: verb
tags: alternative
archaic
form: spaye
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: spey
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: spays
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: spaie
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: spave
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
form: spaye
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: spey
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To destroy or remove the ovaries or uterus (of a female animal) to prevent pregnancy.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: We’re having our cat spayed as we don’t want her having kittens.
With their eye on non-island countries, namely America, the authors of Cat Wars argue for a combination of spay/neuter programs, enclosed sanctuaries, and euthanasia.
gloss: The act of spaying an animal.
pos: noun
examples: I was queasy about my first spay of a far-gone feral and left it up to my vet.
Translations:
withheld
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: That has been kept or held back from the possession or knowledge of another.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: His withheld hand stared down at my weakly outstretched one.
The names originally withheld from the report, have been leaked.
The former employee returned to demand his withheld check.
Translations:
withhold
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: Scientology
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: From Middle English withholden. Equivalent to with- + hold.
Base: hold
Affixes: with-
Inflected forms:
form: withholds
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: withholding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: withheld
pos: verb
tags: past
form: withheld
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: withholden
pos: verb
tags: archaic
participle
past
rare
form: with-hold
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: withholds
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: with-hold
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: To keep (a physical object that one has obtained) to oneself rather than giving it back to its owner.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The bank withheld her credit card.
gloss: To keep (information, assent etc) to oneself rather than revealing it.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: withhold vital information
a withheld phone number
gloss: To stay back, to refrain.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: I’ll withhold from asking about it.
Do you wish to proceed with those down the line in that order? […] We’ll withhold for now.
On the assumption that a vast majority of readers also enjoy writing, I could not withhold from asking the expert for some advice.
Maria Goldberg, marketing director for Great Southern Restaurants, said The Fish House in Pensacola, so far, has been able to withhold from raising menu prices.
gloss: An immoral action or condition (an overt) that has not been disclosed to others; the consciousness of such an action or condition.
pos: noun
examples: I was afraid to go into review for the help I needed because of the withholds I had against the organization, withholds acquired at the franchise: our late evening discussions, our kidding around at the expense of other Scientologists.
Dianetics is concerned with purifying the individual of negative emotions, evil spirits, overts, and withholds.
The scientology theory is that marriages fail because one or both partners have undisclosed withholds, and when they confess these to their spouse their desire to end the relationship is dissipated and the marriage is saved.
Derived words: overwithhold
underwithhold
Translations:
lang: Arabic
word: إستئثار
lang: Bulgarian
word: спирам
roman: spiram
lang: Bulgarian
word: удържам
roman: udǎržam
lang: Catalan
word: retenir
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 保留
roman: bǎoliú
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 扣留
roman: kòuliú
lang: Czech
word: ponechat si
lang: Czech
word: podržet si
lang: Czech
word: odepřít
lang: Czech
word: odmítnout
lang: Dutch
word: onthouden
lang: Dutch
word: onttrekken (aan)
lang: Finnish
word: evätä
lang: German
word: vorenthalten
lang: Hungarian
word: visszatart
lang: Māori
word: meko
lang: Portuguese
word: reter
lang: Spanish
word: retener
snit
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: American English, of unknown origin, perhaps onomatopoeic.
Inflected forms:
form: snits
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A temper; a bad mood.
pos: noun
tags: slang
examples: Near-synonyms: fit, hissy, hissy fit, shit fit, tantrum, snippiness
He's in a snit because he got passed over for promotion.
First, I think that the NPR leadership made a mistake in appearing to fire Williams in a snit, rather than not renewing his contract, at the next opportunity, because of longstanding differences in journalistic values.
She was confused. Now that he had worked himself into a snit he'd be angry if she unmade the bed and did what he wanted.
gloss: Term of abuse.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
slang
examples: I want some hot coffee now or so help me I'll throw you out on your arse, you little snit.
Related words: snide
Derived words: snitty
snit fit
Translations:
anti-gravity
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
Etymology: Etymology tree
English anti-
English gravity
English anti-gravity
From anti- + gravity.
Inflected forms:
form: antigravity
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Any concept, system or device that would oppose or cancel out the force of gravity.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
wooden
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: PIE word
 *dwóh₁
From wood + -en. Dates from 1530s, gradually replaced treen (“made from a tree”), from Middle English treen, from Old English triewen.
Base: wood
Affixes: -en
Inflected forms:
form: more wooden
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most wooden
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: wodden
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Made of wood.
pos: adj
examples: a wooden boat
On a recent windy day, hundreds of visitors climbed wooden stairs to take pictures in front of the glacier.
There were many wooden chairs for the bulk of his visitors, and two wicker armchairs with red cloth cushions for superior people. From the packing-cases had emerged some Indian clubs,[…], and all these articles[…] made a scattered and untidy decoration that Mrs. Clough assiduously dusted and greatly cherished.
Using a tractor fan, shock absorbers, PVC pipes, a bicycle frame and anything else he could lay his hands on, he then built a rudimentary wooden tower, plonked his home-made generator on the top, and eventually got one, and then four bulbs to light up.
The second and third quarters of the shield are indecipherable on the stone but clearer in two other representations of the arms, a painted wooden funeral hatchment for Mary Davie[…]
gloss: As if made of wood; moving awkwardly, or speaking with dull lack of emotion.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
examples: wooden acting
Derived words: don't take any wooden nickels
wooden anniversary
Woodenbridge
wooden coat
woodener
woodenest
wooden fish
woodenheaded
wooden-headed
wooden horse
wooden kimono
wooden language
wooden leg
wooden-legged
woodenly
wooden mare
woodenness
wooden nickel
wooden nutmeg
wooden overcoat
wooden spoon
wooden spooner
wooden spoonist
wooden surtout
woodentop
wooden-top
wooden wedge
Translations:
scarce
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English scars, scarse, from Old Northern French scars, escars ("sparing, niggard, parsimonious, miserly, poor"; > French échars, Medieval Latin scarsus (“diminished, reduced”)), of uncertain origin. One theory is that it derives originally from a Late Latin *scarpsus, *excarpsus, a participle form of *excarpere (“take out”), from Latin ex- + carpere; yet the sense evolution is difficult to trace. Compare Middle Dutch schaers (“scarce”), Middle Dutch schaers (“a pair of shears, plowshare”), scheeren (“to shear”).
The standard pronunciation having the /ɛə(ɹ)/ vowel instead of expected /ɑː(ɹ)/ is due to a tendency for Old and Middle French preconsonantal /ar/ to be borrowed as Middle English /aːr/ that only survives in this word and dace in the modern standard, but is more frequent in Early Modern English and traditional dialects; compare Scots gairden (“garden”), lairge (“large”).
Inflected forms:
form: scarcer
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: scarcest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: scarse
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: scace
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Uncommon, rare; difficult to find; insufficient to meet a demand.
pos: adj
examples: By the end of the 20th century elephants had become scarce even in Africa.
You tell him silver is scarcer now in England, and therefore risen in value one fifth.
My hopes wa'n't disappointed. I never saw clams thicker than they was along them inshore flats. I filled my dreener in no time, and then it come to me that 'twouldn't be a bad idee to get a lot more, take 'em with me to Wellmouth, and peddle 'em out. Clams was fairly scarce over that side of the bay and ought to fetch a fair price.
gloss: Scantily supplied (with); deficient (in); used with of.
pos: adj
examples: The project failed due to the scarce resources in the national market.
a region scarce of prey
Synonyms: geason
infrequent
raresome
Related words: scarcity
Derived words: make oneself scarce
nonscarce
scarce as hen's teeth
scarce chaser
scarce copper
scarcely
scarcement
scarcen
scarceness
unscarce
Translations:
eek
Part of speech: intj
verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Imitative
Inflected forms:
form: eeks
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: eeking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: eeked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: eeked
pos: verb
tags: past
form: eeks
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Representing a scream or shriek (especially in comic strips and books).
pos: intj
tags: onomatopoeic
examples: Eek! There's a mouse in the bathtub!
gloss: Expressing (sometimes mock) fear or surprise.
pos: intj
tags: onomatopoeic
examples: I almost got fired from my job yesterday. Eek!
gloss: Representing the shrill vocal sound of a mouse, rat, or monkey.
pos: intj
tags: onomatopoeic
gloss: To produce a high-pitched squeal, as in fear or trepidation.
pos: verb
tags: onomatopoeic
examples: She was dangling the mouse by its tail, but as it tried to arch upwards and bite, she started to jig about wildly […] The anglers had watched a beautiful young woman dance naked beneath a full moon to the feverish rhythm of unworldly eeking noises!
We saw a frog and she eeked in terror again from the sight of it hopping near her.
“Sorry, love, they all look the same to me,” said Dad, desperately trying to spot one with a particularly pink nose. “Armitage? ARMITAGE!” called Zoe. All the rats eeked. Every single one of them wanted to escape.
“We’ll just have to set them all free,” said Zoe.
gloss: Of a black person, to speak nonsense or gibberish.
pos: verb
tags: ethnic
offensive
onomatopoeic
slang
slur
gloss: A face.
pos: noun
tags: Polari
onomatopoeic
examples: How bona to vada your eek!
You have your Elizabeth Taylor done in half-tones, reclining on this chaise longue – that’s your actual French – decollete down to her ankles, with a wanton look all over her eek.
Though she's a bimbo bit of hard, / she’s royal and tart. And girl, you know / vadaing her eek is always bona.
[H]e plonked his corybungus down and turned his eek to the driver.
Related words: ook
eep
meep
Translations:
upon
Part of speech: prep
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *upó
Proto-Germanic *ub
Proto-Germanic *upp
Proto-West Germanic *upp
Old English upp
Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-der.
Proto-Germanic *an
Proto-West Germanic *ana
Old English on
Old English uppan
Middle English upon
English upon
From Middle English upon, uppon, uppen, from Old English upon, uppon, uppan (“on, upon, up to, against, after, in addition to”), equivalent to up (“adverb”) + on (“preposition”). Cognate with Old Saxon uppan (“upon”), Old High German ūfan, ūffan (“upon”), Icelandic upp á, upp á (“up on, upon”), Swedish uppå (“up on, upon”) (thence Swedish på), Danish på (“up on, upon”), Norwegian på (“up on, upon”).
Compound parts: up
on
Inflected forms:
form: uppon
pos: prep
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: vpon
pos: prep
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: vppon
pos: prep
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A higher-register or more formal alternative to on in most, though not all, prepositional uses.
pos: prep
examples: A vase of flowers stood upon the table. — The painting hangs upon the wall. — All of the responsibility is upon him. — She plays upon a violin (or piano). — The lighthouse that you can see is upon the mainland. — He rested upon his elbows. — Tug upon the rope; push hard upon the door! — I stubbed my toe upon an old tree stump. — He wore old shoes upon his feet. — Born upon the 4th of July. — I have no opinion upon this subject. — They proceeded to arrest someone upon suspicion of bribery. — Upon Jack's entry, William got up to leave. — Before we knew it, the forest was upon us, and the air grew colder and damper. — What will be the effect upon morale? — Have pity or compassion upon him. — They lived upon ten dollars a week. — We ate heaps upon heaps of food. — I depended upon them for assistance. — He affirmed or promised upon his word. — Upon my life, I am innocent. — A curse upon him!
Yesterday, upon the stair / I met a man who wasn’t there / He wasn’t there again today / I wish, I wish he’d go away …
No news of them? Why, so: and I know not what's spend in the search: why thou loss upon loss! the thief gone with so much, and so much to find the thief; and no satisfaction, no revenge: nor no ill luck stirring but what lights on my shoulders; no sighs but of my breathing; no tears but of my shedding.
The drums play on
The year of the dog is upon us.
Although the Celebrity was almost impervious to sarcasm, he was now beginning to exhibit visible signs of uneasiness, the consciousness dawning upon him that his eccentricity was not receiving the ovation it merited.
Little disappointed, then, she turned attention to "Chat of the Social World," gossip which exercised potent fascination upon the girl's intelligence.
But as they were upon going forth, a trumpet was sounded without, three strident blasts.
Translations:
synonymy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
human-sciences
linguistics
natural-sciences
sciences
semantics
taxonomy
Etymology: From French synonymie and its etymon Late Latin synōnymia, from Ancient Greek συνωνυμία (sunōnumía), from συνώνυμος (sunṓnumos, “of like name”) + -ία (-ía, abstract noun suffix). By surface analysis, synonym + -y or syn- + -onymy. Doublet of synonymia.
Base: syn
Inflected forms:
form: synonymies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A certain degree of similarity between the meaning(s) of several (synonymous) words or phrases. (See Usage notes below.)
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A list or collection of synonyms, often compared and contrasted.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The use of synonyms to clarify or explain one's meaning.
pos: noun
tags: countable
rhetoric
uncountable
gloss: The study of synonyms.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A system of synonyms.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The state of not being the name to be used, of being a synonym.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: sink into synonymy
In 1924 this name was reduced to synonymy.
gloss: A group or list of synonyms.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
countable
uncountable
examples: The synonymy of Tachina is extensive.
Descriptions are followed by a synonymy of the names that have been applied in the literature .
Related words: synonym
synonymia
Derived words: desynonymy
hypersynonymy
Translations:
electrum
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin ēlectrum, from Ancient Greek ἤλεκτρον (ḗlektron).
Inflected forms:
form: electrums
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Amber.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
gloss: An alloy of gold and silver, used by the ancients; now specifically a natural alloy with between 20 and 50 per cent silver.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Native gold almost always contains silver in amounts varying widely between 5 and 50 per cent. This natural alloy is known as electrum although in classical antiquity where the word originated it seems to have been used for an artificial alloy of the two metals.
A natural alloy containing more than 20 per cent silver is called electrum, and was regarded by the ancients as a different metal from gold.
gloss: German silver plate.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
placer
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: business
gambling
games
mining
Etymology: Etymology tree
English place
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English placer
From place + -er (agent noun suffix).
Inflected forms:
form: placers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who places or arranges something.
pos: noun
examples: Thou placer of plants both humble and tall
gloss: One who deals in stolen goods; a fence.
pos: noun
tags: slang
gloss: A horse, etc. that finishes in a particular place in a race.
pos: noun
tags: in-compounds
examples: a third-placer
gloss: alluvial; occurring in a deposit of sand or earth on a river-bed or bank, particularly with reference to precious metals such as gold or silver
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Placer gold comes from the weathering of the primary veins releasing the gold to be transported by water action and concentrated in gravel or sand beds.
Since time immemorial, people found that they could extract the gold from placer deposits by sifting the fine-grained material through a mesh: the technique of panning.
He still ran a placer mine in the Interior.
Translations:
visor
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English viser, from Anglo-Norman viser and Old French visiere.
Inflected forms:
form: visors
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: vizor
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: visar
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visier
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visiere
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visour
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visors
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: visoring
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: visored
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: visored
pos: verb
tags: past
form: vizor
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: visar
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visier
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visiere
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: visour
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A part of a helmet, arranged so as to lift or open, and so show the face. The openings for seeing and breathing are generally in it.
pos: noun
examples: A close helmet entirely covers the head, face, and neck, having on the front perforations for the admission of air, and slits through which the wearer may see objects around him, this part which is stiled the visor lifts up by means of a pivot over each ear.
gloss: A mask for the face.
pos: noun
examples: No visor does become black villainy
So well as soft and tender flattery.
gloss: The fore piece of a cap, projecting over, and protecting the eyes.
pos: noun
gloss: A rigid adjustable flap on an automobile windshield that can shield the eyes of a driver from direct sunlight or glare.
pos: noun
gloss: To cover with, or as if with, a visor.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Related words: vizard
Translations:
bassinet
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French bassinet (“small basin”), equivalent to basin + -et. Ernest Klein, however, suggests derivation from French bercelonnette (“cradle”), with influence from bassin(et), to account for the English sense's semantic specialization.
Base: basin
Affixes: -et
Inflected forms:
form: bassinets
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: bassinette
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A newborn baby's bed, traditionally woven with reeds or straw; a (wicker) cradle.
pos: noun
examples: The next day, the baby sleeps in a bassinet near my bed.
Translations:
sallet
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French salade, from Spanish celada, thought to be from Latin caelāta (“ornamentally engraved (helmet)”) (although the Latin word is not attested in this sense).
Inflected forms:
form: sallets
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: salet
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: salade
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: celate
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A type of light spherical combat helmet used in the 15th century.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: At Hampton Court, sallets for archers on horseback, sallets with grates, and old sallets with vizards: At Windsor, salettes and skulls: At Calais, saletts with vysars and bevers, and salets with bevers.
Ursula wore that day a hauberk under her gown, and was helmed with a sallet; and because of her armour she rode upon a little horse.
Translations:
impulse
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French impulser, from Latin impulsus.
Inflected forms:
form: impulses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: impulses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: impulsing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: impulsed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: impulsed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A thrust; a push; a sudden force that impels.
pos: noun
examples: c. 1715-1716, Samuel Clarke, letter to Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
All spontaneous animal motion is performed by mechanical impulse.
gloss: A wish or urge, particularly a sudden one prompting action.
pos: noun
examples: The impulse to learn drove me to study night and day.
When I saw the new book, I couldn't resist the impulse to browse through it.
Theſe were my natural Impulses for the undertaking: […]
Tony's face expressed relief, and Nettie sat silent for a moment until the vicar said “It was a generous impulse, but it may have been a momentary one,[…].”
An impulse urged him to plant a sudden blow on it, by he forced himself to consider the impolicy of such an act.
gloss: The integral of force over time.
pos: noun
examples: The total impulse from the impact will depend on the kinetic energy of the projectile.
gloss: To impel; to incite.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: With that force so impulsed and prest they are carried under the deepe Ocean.
Related words: impel
impulsion
impulsive
impulsively
impulsiveness
impulsivity
impulsor
pulse
Derived words: counterimpulse
impulse-buy
impulse buy
impulse buyer
impulse buying
impulse control disorder
impulse function
impulse good
impulseless
impulse noise
impulse purchase
impulse response
nerve impulse
on an impulse
on impulse
specific impulse
Translations:
morion
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French morion, from, Spanish morrión, from morra (“upper part of the head”), from morro (“muzzle, snout”), from Vulgar Latin *murrum (“muzzle, snout”). Related to moraine (“an amassment of rocks on a glacier”).
Inflected forms:
form: morions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A kind of open brimmed helmet used by footsoldiers in the 16th and 17th centuries, having no visor or bevor.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: The Roman footmen caried not their morions, sword and target only, as for other armes (saith Cicero) they were so accustomed to weare them continually, that they hindered them no more than their limbs[…].
This unlucky defect, however, his industry supplied by a vizor, which he made of paste-board, and fixed so artificially to the morrion, that it looked like an intire helmet.
The morion is a kind of open helmet, without visor or bever, somewhat resembling a hat; it was commonly worn by the harqubussiers and musqueteers.
Translations:
hauberk
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English hauberk, from Old French hauberc, from Frankish *halsaberg (“neck-cover”).
Inflected forms:
form: hauberks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: hawberk
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A coat of mail; especially, the long coat of mail of the European Middle Ages, as contrasted with the habergeon, which is shorter and sometimes sleeveless.
pos: noun
examples: The hauberk was a complete covering of mail from head to foot. It consisted of a hood, joined to a jacket with sleeves, breeches, stockings and shoes of double chain mail, to which were added gauntlets of the same construction.
Ursula wore that day a hauberk under her gown, and was helmed with a sallet; and because of her armour she rode upon a little horse.
The hauberk was to the Norman what the byrnie was to the Saxon, the chief method of bodily defence.
gloss: A similar shirt of scale armour, plate, leather, or other armor material.
pos: noun
tags: uncommon
examples: The habergeon is the mail in this case, and the hauberk is of plate or splint armour, while the cote-armoure is the surcoat, possibly thickly padded, as in the still-existing surcoat of the Black Prince.
One, which was destined later to usurp the field completely, consisted of a sleeved mail or scale hauberk, probably of eastern, Iranian, origin, descending to the knees.
In Demetrios ' portrait, the saint wears a lamellar hauberk and a long surcoat over ornately patterned leggings. The painter has added an unusual element to the composition - a scarf tied around the horse's head […]
Because the call to arms had come so quickly, he'd not had time to don his chain-mail armor, only a light, plate hauberk that covered his shoulders and torso.
The plate hauberk did not restrict his movements in the slightest, and he didn't feel weighed down as he did in Taraq'nok's chain mail.
Fitted perfectly for her, it consisted of a simple plate hauberk and legguards, plate armguards and sabatons with chain mail underneath. She had discarded the chain mail early, much to Parol's consternation, […]
Derived words: hauberked
Translations: