yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
misogynist
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Ancient Greek μῑσογύνης (mīsogúnēs), from μῑσέω (mīséō, “I hate”) + γυνή (gunḗ, “woman”), equivalent to misogyny + -ist.
Base: misogyny
Affixes: -ist
Inflected forms:
form: misogynists
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: more misogynist
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most misogynist
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: One who professes misogyny; a hater of women.
pos: noun
examples: "Confound all women, I say!" muttered the young misogynist.
Job, like myself, is a bit of a misogynist - I fancy chiefly owing to the fact of his having been one of a family of seventeen - and the feelings expressed upon his countenance when he realised that he was not only being embraced publicly, and without authorisation on his own part, but also in the presence of his masters, were too mixed and painful to admit of accurate description.
To combat perceived misrepresentation, incels attempt to distinguish themselves both from violent misogynists and from right-wing extremists.
gloss: One who displays prejudice against or looks down upon women.
pos: noun
gloss: Misogynistic; relating to or exhibiting misogyny.
pos: adj
examples: Authors push back against criticism by formulating a boundary so contributors can be viewed as serious, rational individuals, rather than misogynist extremists.
Synonyms: misogyne
misogynistic
woman hater
woman-hater
womanhater
Antonyms: philogynist
Related words: misandrist
Derived words: antimisogynist
anti-misogynist
neo-misogynist
nonmisogynist
transmisogynist
trans-misogynist
Translations:
taffy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Probably related to tafia (“a type of rum”).
Inflected forms:
form: taffies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: toffee
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A soft, chewy candy made from boiled sugar, molasses, or corn syrup and butter.
pos: noun
tags: US
countable
uncountable
gloss: Flattery.
pos: noun
tags: countable
informal
uncountable
examples: […] if these statistices should seem to fail to tally with the facts, in places, do not nudge your neighbor, or press your foot upon his toes, or manifest, by any other sign, your awareness that taffy is being distributed.
Cut out the taffy. Who's your friend?
gloss: Welsh person.
pos: noun
tags: UK
countable
derogatory
uncountable
usually
examples: "Some people may find Taffy a bit derogatory but a lot of people are interested in displaying that on their vehicles. That's a way they can express their Welshness. But we haven't sold any plates with combinations of 'boyo'."
Derived words: laffy taffy
maple taffy
salt water taffy
saltwater taffy
taffylike
taffymaking
taffy pull
Translations:
temerity
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English temerite, temeryte, from Old French temerité, from Latin temeritās (“chance, accident, rashness”), from temere (“by chance, casually, rashly”). By surface analysis, temer(arious) + -ity.
Inflected forms:
form: temerities
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: timerity
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Reckless boldness; foolish bravery.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: 1569, Thomas Pearson, trans., "The Second Paradox," in The booke of Marcus Tullius Cicero entituled Paradoxa Stoicorum, T. Marshe (London),
Neyther the spightfull temerity and rashnes of variable fortune, nor the envious hart burning and in iurious hatred of mine enemies shold be able once to damnify me.
Jewan Sadit, who ſtood before the prince, obſerving his youthful temerity, threw himſelf between him and danger, and with a nervous arm, wielding a ſharp ſabre, of the hard tempered ſteel of Damiſk, ruſhing upon the tyger, he ſtruck him acroſs the forehead.
One day when he knew old Lobbs was out, Nathaniel Pipkin had the temerity to kiss his hand to Maria Lobbs.
Elizabeth trotted through the open door in the dusk, but becoming alarmed at her own temerity, she went quickly out again by another which stood open in the lofty wall of the back court.
Terror seized me, a horror of my temerity.
I am surprised that you, sir, a man of letters yourself, should have the temerity so to interrupt the progress of science.
gloss: An act or case of reckless boldness.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Draper, dear lad, had the illusion of an "intellectual sympathy" between them.... Draper's temerities would always be of that kind.
gloss: Effrontery; impudence.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: He had very nearly been guilty of the temerity of arrogating to himself another title in the presence of those he most respected.
That's jejune? You have the temerity to say that I'm talking to you out of jejunosity? I am one of the most june people in all of the Russias!
Related words: temerarious
intemerate
temerary
temeration
Derived words: temeritous
Translations:
provoke
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French provoquer, from Old French, from Latin prōvocāre. Doublet of provocate.
Inflected forms:
form: provokes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: provoking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: provoked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: provoked
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To cause someone to become annoyed or angry.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Don't provoke the dog; it may try to bite you.
In the meane time it chaunced, that Marcus Papyrius ſtroke one of the Galles on the heade with his ſtaffe, because he preſumed to ſtroke his bearde: with whiche iniurie the Gaulle beeing prouoked, ſlue Papyrius (as he ſate) with hys ſworde, and therewith the ſlaughter being begun with one, all the reſidue of thoſe auncient fatherly men as they ſat in theyr Chayres were ſlaine and cruelly murthered.
Ye fathers, provoke not your children to wrath.
gloss: To bring about a reaction.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: To the poet the meaning is what he pleases to make it, what it provokes in his own soul.
Thence Sish went forth into the world to destroy its cities, and to provoke his hours to assail all things, and to batter against them with the rust and with the dust.
An old traditional prescription for provoking erotic inclinations ran as follows, The toe of the foot of a man, anointed with oil, or honey, or the ashes of a weasel.
Spain were provoked into a response and Villa almost provided a swift equaliser when he rounded Hart but found the angle too acute and could only hit the side-netting.
gloss: To appeal.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
examples: Even Arius and Pelagius durst provoke
To what the centuries preceding spoke.
Related words: evoke
invoke
provocateur
revoke
Derived words: nonprovoked
overprovoke
picking quarrels and provoking trouble
provocation
provocative
provokable
provokee
provokement
provoker
reprovoke
unprovoke
unprovoked
Translations:
coquette
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
French coquettebor.
English coquette
Borrowed from French coquette.
Inflected forms:
form: coquettes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A woman who flirts or plays with people's affections.
pos: noun
examples: Though, I confeſs, Paris has its Charms; but to me they are like thoſe of a Coquette, gay and gavvdy; they ſerve to amuſe vvith, but a Man vvould not chuſe to be marry'd to them.
She was a big, sexy brunette—as Garcia said, «Something straight out of Degas,» and generally like a beautiful Parisian coquette.
I was playing with him, leading him on, sending him messages of encouragement then turning away from him. I was a tease, a coquette.
Knox takes us through the lives of memorable seducers and their critics, in sometimes academic and sometimes rococo prose dappled with doges, coups de foudre, rakes, bawds, coquettes, coxcombs and procuresses — with guest appearances by members of the Frankfurt School sunning themselves in La Jolla.
gloss: Any hummingbird in the genus Lophornis.
pos: noun
gloss: Of or relating to a feminine style of clothing involving ribbons, frills, and bows.
pos: adj
examples: Frills, lace, bows, hearts, and ribbon (in excess!) are all part of the coquette look. […]”
Are you a Lana Del Rey fan who lives for ultra-romantic fashion pieces and clings to trends that involve ribbons, lace, and Bridgerton-esque motifs? Then the coquette aesthetic is most definitely for you. […]”
Derived words: coquetry
coquettish
coquettishly
coquettishness
spangled coquette
Translations:
bribery
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: law
Etymology: Etymology tree
English bribe
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -ārius
Old French -ier
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Italic *-ios
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ia
Old French -ie
Old French -eriebor.
Middle English -erie
English -ery
English bribery
From bribe + -ery.
Inflected forms:
form: briberies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of giving an illegal payment (a bribe) to a person in an official position as a means of influencing their decisions.
pos: noun
gloss: The activity of offering, giving, or accepting such bribes.
pos: noun
examples: accept bribery
combat bribery
accused of bribery
The official was arrested on charges of bribery.
Derived words: antibribery
anti-bribery
Translations:
embroider
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English embrouderen, frequentative of embrouden (“to decorate, embroider”), equivalent to embroid + -er. Middle English embrouden itself comes from Anglo-Norman embrouder, from Old French embrosder (“to embroider”), ultimately of Germanic origin, though the exact pathway is uncertain. Possibly an intensive of Old French brosder, brouder (compare Norman broudaïr), from Gothic *𐌱𐍂𐌿𐌶𐌳𐍉𐌽 (*bruzdōn), related to English bristle and brad. Alternatively, perhaps from Frankish *anbroʀdōn (“to embroider, stitch”), related to Old High German anabrortōn (“to embroider”), Old English onbryrdan (“to prick, incite”).
Base: embroid
Affixes: -er
Inflected forms:
form: embroiders
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: embroidering
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: embroidered
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: embroidered
pos: verb
tags: past
form: embroder
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: To stitch a decorative design on fabric with needle and thread of various colours.
pos: verb
gloss: To add imaginary detail to a narrative to make it more interesting or acceptable.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
Derived words: embroiderer
embroideress
embroidery
overembroider
reembroider
Translations:
strait
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: geography
natural-sciences
Etymology: From Middle English streit, from Old French estreit (modern form étroit), from Latin strictus, perfect passive participle of stringō (“compress, tighten”). Doublet of stretto and strict.
Inflected forms:
form: straits
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: streit
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: streight
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A narrow channel of water connecting two larger bodies of water.
pos: noun
examples: the Strait of Gibraltar
[…] we steered directly through a large Out-let, which they call a Streight, tho’ it be fifteen Miles broad […]
gloss: A narrow pass, passage or street.
pos: noun
examples: He brought him through a darksom narrow strayt,
 To a broad gate all built of beaten gold:
For honour travels in a strait so narrow,
 Where one but goes abreast:
gloss: A neck of land; an isthmus.
pos: noun
examples: The bold Sir Bedivere uplifted him,
 Sir Bedivere, the last of all his knights,
 And bore him to a chapel nigh the field,
 A broken chancel with a broken cross,
 That stood on a dark strait of barren land.
gloss: A difficult position.
pos: noun
tags: in-plural
often
examples: to be in dire straits
1684, Robert South, “A Sermon Preached at Westminster-Abbey” in Twelve Sermons Preached upon Several Occasions, London: Thomas Bennett, 1692, p. 420,
[…] let no man, who owns the Belief of a Providence, grow desperate or forlorn, under any Calamity or Strait whatsoever […]
Plutarch is of opinion that this sleep of Ulysses was feigned; and that he made use of the pretence of natural infirmity to conceal the streights he was in at that time in his thoughts […]
Derived words: straitly
straitness
Bougainville Strait
Carquinez Strait
Cook Strait
cross-strait
Davis Strait
Denmark Strait
dire straits
Florida Strait
Florida Straits
Foveaux Strait
Hudson Strait
Kara Strait
McClure Strait
M'Clure Strait
Menai Strait
Strait of Canso
Strait of Georgia
Strait of Hormuz
Strait of Sangar
Straits of Florida
Straits of Tiran
Sunda Strait
Tiran Strait
Tsugaru Strait
Translations:
toil
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English toilen, toylen, apparently a conflation of Anglo-Norman toiller (“to agitate, stir up, entangle”) (compare Old Northern French tooillier, tooullier (“to agitate, stir”); of unknown origin), and Middle English tilyen, telien, teolien, tolen, tolien, tulien (“to till, work, labour”), from Old English tilian, telian, teolian, tiolian (“to exert oneself, toil, work, make, generate, strive after, try, endeavor, procure, obtain, gain, provide, tend, cherish, cultivate, till, plough, trade, traffic, aim at, aspire to, treat, cure”) (compare Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to till, work, labour”)), from Proto-Germanic *tilōną (“to strive, reach for, aim for, hurry”). Cognate with Scots tulyie (“to quarrel, flite, contend”).
An alternate etymology derives Middle English toilen, toylen directly from Middle Dutch tuylen, teulen (“to work, labour, till”), from tuyl ("agriculture, labour, toil"; > Modern Dutch tuil (“toil; work”)). Cognate with Old Frisian teula (“to labour, toil”), teule (“labour, work”), Dutch tuil (“toil, labour”). Compare also Dutch telen (“to grow; raise; cultivate, till”). More at till.
Inflected forms:
form: toils
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: toyle
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: toils
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: toiling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: toiled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: toiled
pos: verb
tags: past
form: toyle
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Labour, work, especially of a grueling nature.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: […] he set to work again and made the snow fly in all directions around him. After some further toil his efforts were rewarded, and a very shabby door-mat lay exposed to view.
gloss: Trouble, strife.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A net or snare; any thread, web, or string spread for taking prey.
pos: noun
tags: countable
plural-normally
uncountable
examples: Then toils for beasts, and lime for birds, were found.
I was like a wild beast that had broken the toils, destroying the objects that obstructed me and ranging through the wood with a stag-like swiftness.
That I was going to sit still, and let you sulk, while mademoiselle walked blindfold into the toils?
She had waited overlong, and now it was like that Ailie would escape her toils.
gloss: To labour; work.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To struggle.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To work (something); often with out.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: places well toiled and husbanded
[I] toiled out my uncouth passage.
gloss: To weary through excessive labour.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: toiled with works of war
Derived words: toiler
toilful
toilless
toilsome
toilworn
betoil
entoil
overtoil
toil and moil
toilingly
untoiled
untoiling
Translations:
drudge
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English druggen, perhaps from Old English *dryċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *druggjan, from Proto-Germanic *drugjaną, a denominative built to a lost noun *drugjaz (preserved in Old English Dryċġhelm), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰrewgʰ-; compare Old English drēogan (“to do; to suffer”).
Inflected forms:
form: drudges
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: drudges
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: drudging
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: drudged
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: drudged
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A person who works in a low servile job.
pos: noun
tags: also
attributive
examples: drudge work
gloss: Someone who works for (and may be taken advantage of by) someone else.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
gloss: To labour in (or as in) a low servile job.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Rise to our Toils and drudge away the day.
He gradually rose in the estimation of the booksellers for whom he drudged.
Related words: dree
adree
Derived words: drudgery
drudgy
Translations:
servile
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: grammar
human-sciences
linguistics
sciences
Etymology: From Middle English servyle, from Old French servil, servile, from Latin servīlis, from servus (“slave”). By surface analysis, serve + -ile.
Inflected forms:
form: more servile
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most servile
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: serviles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Excessively eager to please; obsequious.
pos: adj
examples: British “subjects” (not citizens, note) are just that: gleefully servile to the monarchy’s institutionalised inequality...
gloss: Slavish or submissive.
pos: adj
examples: servile flattery    servile obedience
Even fortune rules no more, O servile land!
gloss: Slavish or submissive.
pos: adj
gloss: Not belonging to the original root.
pos: adj
examples: a servile letter
gloss: Not sounded, but serving to lengthen the preceding vowel, like the e in tune.
pos: adj
gloss: An element which forms no part of the original root.
pos: noun
gloss: A slave; a menial.
pos: noun
Synonyms: abject
duteous
meek
servile
slavish
submissive
subservient
Antonyms: arrogant
bossy
radical
Related words: serve
servant
slave
BDSM
sadomasochism
sycophant
Derived words: nonservile
overservile
semiservile
servile arts
servilely
servileness
servilism
servility
servilize
unservile
Translations:
lang: Old Armenian
word: ցած
roman: cʻac
lang: Bulgarian
word: сервилен
roman: servilen
lang: Bulgarian
word: раболепен
roman: rabolepen
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 低三下四
roman: dīsānxiàsì
lang: Finnish
word: alamainen
lang: Finnish
word: orjallinen
lang: Finnish
word: orjamainen
lang: Galician
word: servil
lang: German
word: sklavisch
lang: German
word: unterwürfig
lang: German
word: servil
lang: German
word: hündisch
lang: Greek
word: δουλικός
roman: doulikós
lang: Irish
word: moghach
lang: Irish
word: uiríseal
lang: Italian
word: servile
lang: Italian
word: adulatore
lang: Italian
word: leccapiedi
lang: Japanese
word: 卑屈な
roman: hikutsu na
lang: Latin
word: humilis
lang: Latin
word: obnoxius
lang: Latin
word: vernīlis
lang: Middle English
word: serviable
lang: Middle English
word: servisable
lang: Plautdietsch
word: dommbleed
lang: Polish
word: lokajski
lang: Polish
word: niewolniczy
lang: Polish
word: uniżony
lang: Portuguese
word: servil
lang: Russian
word: подобостра́стный
roman: podobostrástnyj
lang: Russian
word: раболе́пный
roman: rabolépnyj
lang: Russian
word: холо́пский
roman: xolópskij
lang: Spanish
word: servil
lang: Swedish
word: servil
lang: Swedish
word: devot
lang: Swedish
word: fjäskig
lang: Swedish
word: underdånig
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: ذلیل
roman: zelil
servility
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English servile
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ts
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts
Latin -itāsder.
Old French -itebor.
Middle English -ite
English -ity
English servility
From servile + -ity.
Inflected forms:
form: servilities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The condition of being servile.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Yossarian went along in Milo Minderbinder's speeding M & M staff car to police headquarters to meet a swarthy, untidy police commissioner with a narrow black mustache and unbuttoned tunic who was fiddling with a stout woman with warts and two chins when they entered his office and who greeted Milo with warm surprise and bowed and scraped in obscene servility as though Milo were some elegant marquis.
Antonyms: arrogance
autonomy
Translations:
moil
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English mollen (“to soften by wetting”), borrowed from Old French moillier with the same meaning, from Vulgar Latin *molliō, *molliare, from mollis (“soft”).
Inflected forms:
form: moils
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: moiling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: moiled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: moiled
pos: verb
tags: past
form: moile
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: moyle
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: moils
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: moile
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: moyle
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To toil, to work hard.
pos: verb
examples: Moil not too much underground, for the hope of mines is very uncertain, and useth to make the planters lazy in other things..
Now he must moil and drudge for one he loathes.
Why for sluggards cark and moil?
There are strange things done in the midnight sun
 By the men who moil for gold;
The Arctic trails have their secret tales
 That would make your blood run cold;
The Northern Lights have seen queer sights,
 But the queerest they ever did see
Was that night on the marge of Lake Lebarge
 I cremated Sam McGee.
gloss: To churn continually; to swirl.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: A crowd of men and women moiled like nightmare figures in the smoke-green haze.
gloss: To defile or dirty.
pos: verb
tags: UK
transitive
gloss: Hard work.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: I finally decided, my heart was really in my singing rather than in the drab, hardy soul- searing toil and moil of a collier's existence.
gloss: Confusion, turmoil.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Croft no longer saw anything clearly; he could not have said at that moment where his hands ended and the machine gun began; he was lost in a vast moil of noise out of which individual screams and shouts etched in his mind for an instant.
gloss: A spot; a defilement.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: You'd suppose
A finished generation, dead of plague,
Swept outward from their graves into the sun,
The moil of death upon them.
Derived words: moiler
toil and moil
unmoiled
bemoil
Translations:
difficulty
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English difficulte, from Middle French and Anglo-Norman difficulte and their etymon Latin difficultas, from difficul, older form of difficilis (“hard to do, difficult”), from dis- + facilis (“easy”); see difficile and difficult. Equivalent to dis- + facile + -ty. Also analysable as difficult + -y, though the adjective is historically a backformation from the noun.
Base: facile
Affixes: dis-
-ty
Inflected forms:
form: difficulties
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of being difficult, or hard to do.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: My mom is old and has a lot of difficulty (in) remembering all her grandchildren's names.
gloss: An obstacle that hinders achievement of a goal.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: We faced a difficulty in trying to book a flight so late.
The difficulties of photoheliography consist principally in the rapidity with which the sun's image acts upon the sensitive film.
The two-hour debate was briefly stalled by a technical difficulty with the moderators’ microphones.
gloss: Physical danger from the environment, especially with risk of drowning
pos: noun
tags: countable
in-plural
sometimes
uncountable
examples: 2012 August 2, "Children rescued after getting into difficulties in Donegal" BBC Online
The three teenagers, a girl and two boys, were playing by the river when it is believed they got into difficulty.
Members of the public had called 999 as they were concerned the kayaker was in difficulty around the headland race due to very strong spring tides and choppy seas with the kayaker making no headway.
A group of young people had to be rescued from Dartmoor on Friday night after getting into difficulty during a Duke of Edinburgh exercise. […] A 16-year-old girl required medical attention and a medic was winched down to the site by helicopter.
gloss: An objection.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: That which cannot be easily understood or believed.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: An awkward situation or quarrel.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: difficile
difficult
Derived words: counterdifficulty
difficulty level
in difficulty
learning difficulty
personality difficulty
technical difficulty
with difficulty
with great difficulty
Translations:
contention
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: communications
computing
electrical-engineering
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
telecommunications
Etymology: From Middle English contencion, borrowed from Old French contencion, from Latin contentio, contentionem, from contendō (past participle contentus); equivalent to contend + -tion (similar formation to attention).
Base: contend
Affixes: -tion
Inflected forms:
form: contentions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Argument, contest, debate, strife, struggle.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A point maintained in an argument, or a line of argument taken in its support; the subject matter of discussion of strife; a position taken or contended for.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: It is my contention that state lotteries are taxes on stupid people.
gloss: Competition by parts of a system or its users for a limited resource.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Synonyms: gainstrife
gainstriving
wrangling
Related words: contend
contender
contentious
contentiousness
Derived words: bone of contention
contentional
contention system
in contention
noncontention
point of contention
resource contention
Translations:
contest
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: law
Etymology: PIE word
 *tréyes
From French contester, from Old French, from Latin contestor (“to call to witness”).
Inflected forms:
form: contests
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: contests
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: contesting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: contested
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: contested
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: Controversy; debate.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: no contest
Your question betrays, I suspect, a somewhat naive vision of the world as much smaller (and much more homogenized) than it could possibly be — a vision that one of my "personal" visions, as you'll find it in some of my recent science fiction, is specifically and heartedly in contest with.
gloss: Struggle for superiority; combat.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: A competition.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: The child entered the spelling contest.
gloss: To contend.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: I will contest for the open seat on the board.
Of man, who dares in pomp with Jove contest?
1684-1690, Thomas Burnet, Sacred Theory of the Earth
As for the difficulty or obscurity of an argument, that does but add to the pleasure.of contesting with it when there are hopes of victory
gloss: To call into question; to oppose.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The rival contested the dictator's re-election because of claims of voting irregularities.
Few philosophical aphorisms have been more frequently repeated, few more contested than this.
On the other hand, the nationalitarian phenomenon is one in which the struggle against the imperialist powers of occupation has as its object, beyond the clearing of the national territory, the independence and sovereignty of the national State, uprooting in depth the positions of the ex-colonial power— the reconquest of the power of decision in all domains of national life, the prelude to that reconquest of identity which is at the heart of the renaissance undertaken on the basis of fundamental national demands, and ceaselessly contested, by every means available, on every level, and notably on the internal level'.
gloss: To strive earnestly to hold or maintain; to struggle to defend.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The troops contested every inch of ground.
gloss: To make a subject of litigation; to defend, as a suit; to dispute or resist, as a claim, by course of law.
pos: verb
Derived words: contest competition
contest shape
no contest
contestability
contestable
contestation
contestee
contestible
recontest
Translations:
combat
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: 16th century, borrowed from Middle French combat, deverbal from Old French combatre, from Vulgar Latin *combattere, from Latin com- (“with”) + battuere (“to beat, strike”).
Inflected forms:
form: combats
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: combats
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: combating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: combatting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: combated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: combated
pos: verb
tags: past
form: combatted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: combatted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A battle, a fight (often one in which weapons are used).
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: "My tastes," he said, still smiling, "incline me to the garishly sunlit side of this planet." And, to tease her and arouse her to combat: "I prefer a farandole to a nocturne; I'd rather have a painting than an etching; Mr. Whistler bores me with his monochromatic mud; I don't like dull colours, dull sounds, dull intellects;[…]."
In less than eight weeks, five divisions of United States troops have moved into combat, some of them from bases more than 6,000 miles away. More men are on the way. Fighting in difficult country under every kind of hardship, American troops have held back overwhelming numbers of the communist invaders.
Conditions were horrendous aboard most British naval vessels at the time. Scurvy and other diseases ran rampant, killing more seamen each year than all other causes combined, including combat.
gloss: a struggle for victory
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: To fight; to struggle against.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: It has proven very difficult to combat drug addiction.
President Donald Trump’s administration has made combating what it considers anti-Israel and antisemitic movements on college campuses a priority.
He signed an executive order during his second week in office to “combat antisemitism” in schools and on university campuses, and on February 3 announced the creation of a multiagency task force to carry out the mandate.
gloss: To fight (with); to struggle for victory (against).
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: To combat with a blind man I disdain.
Related words: abate
abattoir
battalion
batter
battery
battle
debate
hors de combat
rebate
Derived words: anticombat
armoured combat
armored combat
close combat
combatable
combat air patrol
combatant
combat armor suit
combat armour suit
combatative
combat boot
combat box
combat drone
combat engineer
combat fatigue
combat fatigues
combat general
combative
combat loading
combat log
combat pants
combat pay
combat-ready
combat roll
combat sport
combat stress reaction
combat trousers
combatworthy
combat zone
intercombat
mortal combat
mutual combat
noncombat
postcombat
post-combat
pre-combat
precombat
single combat
stage combat
trial by combat
Translations:
victory
Part of speech: intj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: The noun is derived from Middle English victory, victori, victorie (“supremacy, victory; a defeat or vanquishing, conquest; superior military force; might, power, strength; triumphal celebration or procession; monument commemorating a defeat; superior position, dominance; mastery; moral victory, vindication; success, triumph; redemption, salvation; resurrection of Jesus; means of achieving spiritual victory; reward for or token of perseverance in a spiritual struggle”) [and other forms], borrowed from Anglo-Norman victorie and Old French victorie, a variant of victoire (“victory, win”) (modern French victoire), from Latin victōria (“victory”), from victor (“champion, winner, victor; conqueror, vanquisher”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *weyk- (“to contain, envelop; to overcome”)) + -ia (suffix forming feminine abstract nouns). The English word is analysable as victor + -y (suffix forming abstract nouns denoting a condition, quality, or state), and displaced Middle English siȝe, sye.
The interjection is derived from the noun.
Cognates
Cognate with French victoire, Italian vittoria, Portuguese vitoria, Spanish victoria, Romanian victorie.
Tamil வெற்றி (veṟṟi) (pronounced roughly like "vetri") is a false cognate.
Base: victor
Affixes: -y
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Used to encourage someone to achieve success, or to celebrate a success or triumph.
pos: intj
examples: Saint George and Victory; fight Souldiers, fight: […]
Victory! Victory to the prostrate nations! / Bear witness Night, and ye mute Constellations / Who gaze on us from your crystalline cars! / Thoughts have gone forth whose powers can sleep no more! / Victory! Victory!
Victory! Victory! Russia's famish'd eagles / Dare not to prey beneath the crescent's light.
Translations:
controversy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Proto-Italic *kom-
Proto-Indo-European *-teros
Proto-Italic *-teros
Proto-Italic *komterosder.
Proto-Italic *komterād
Latin contrā
Proto-Indo-European *wert-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *wr̥ttós
Proto-Italic *worssosder.
Latin vorsusder.
Latin versus
Latin contrōversus
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Italic *-ios
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ia
Latin contrōversia
Old French controversiebor.
Middle English controversie
English controversy
From Middle English controversie, from Old French controversie, from Latin contrōversia (“debate, contention, controversy”), from contrōversus (“turned in an opposite direction”).
Inflected forms:
form: controversies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A debate or discussion of opposing opinions; (generally) strife.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: [A]nd it is without all controuerſie, that learning doth make the minds of men gentle, generous, maniable, and pliant to gouernment; whereas Ignorance makes them churliſh, thwart, and mutinous; […]
From time to time I have been permitted to behold the working, in different ages, of the great controversy between Christ, the Prince of life, the Author of our salvation, and Satan, the prince of evil, the author of sin, the first transgressor of God's holy law.
The game was engulfed in controversy when [Jack] Rodwell appeared to win the ball cleanly in a midfield challenge with [Luis] Suarez. The tackle drew an angry response from Liverpool's players – Lucas in particular as Suarez writhed in agony – but it was an obvious injustice when the England Under-21 midfielder was shown the red card.
On November 29 1952, a special train ran from Sunderland to Leeds for Christmas shoppers and those attending a Leeds vs. Brentford match. It caused controversy, with Sunderland traders protesting that their shops were just as good as those in Leeds.
Translations:
opposing
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: That opposes or oppose; on the opposite side.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: opposing armies
opposing players
opposing teams
Translations:
superiority
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English superiorite, from Old French superiorite, from Medieval Latin superioritas, from Latin superior.
Morphologically superior + -ity.
Base: superior
Affixes: -ity
Inflected forms:
form: superiorities
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: superiourity
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The state of being superior.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Many US colleges want to achieve superiority in the sport of football.
The fact that in most lands the moon was originally a female deity has led many historians to dispute the superiority of the moon over the sun in ancient mythology.
Chelsea will point to that victory margin as confirmation of their superiority - but Spurs will complain their hopes of turning the game around were damaged fatally by Atkinson's decision.
gloss: The right which the superior enjoys in the land held by the vassal.
pos: noun
tags: countable
historical
uncountable
Synonyms: advantage
altitude
ascendance
ascendancy
betterhood
betterness
dominion
elderdom
excellence
forehand
greatness
leetness
mastery
overhand
precedency
precellence
precellency
predominance
preeminence
superiority
superiorness
supremacy
Antonyms: inferiority
Related words: superior
first among equals
the upper hand
whip hand
goodness
highness
purity
Derived words: air superiority
casualty of superiority
comparative of superiority
full-spectrum superiority
full spectrum superiority
superiority complex
superlative of superiority
Translations:
higher
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: education
Inflected forms:
form: highers
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: highers
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: highering
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: highered
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: highered
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A national school-leaving examination and university entrance qualification.
pos: noun
tags: Scotland
gloss: To make higher; to raise or increase in amount or quantity.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: It is a fact that other countries have not followed our example, nay, that they have in fact, in some cases, highered the duties upon the admission of our goods. But what has been the result of that policy upon the amount of your exports?
I am glad also that my hon. friend the Minister of Finance had the firmness to oppose all these influences to make him change his policy, and I hope, for the good of the country and the blessing of the Dominion, that when any change takes place it will be in the direction of lowering rather than of highering the tariff.
gloss: To ascend.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
Derived words: Coity Higher
Higher Bockhampton
Higher Buxton
Higher Greenway
Higher Heysham
Higher Hurst
Higher Macdonald
highermost
higherness
higher-order
higher-speed rail
Llanrhidian Higher
Newcastle Higher
Translations:
effort
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French effort, from Old French esfort, deverbal of esforcier (“to force, exert”), from Vulgar Latin *exfortiō, from Latin ex + fortis (“strong”).
Compare typologically Bulgarian усилие (usilie), Czech úsilí, Polish wysiłek, Russian уси́лие (usílije) (< Proto-Slavic *sila).
Inflected forms:
form: efforts
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The work involved in performing an activity; exertion.
pos: noun
examples: make an effort
take a lot of effort
put in effort
It took a lot of effort to find a decent-sized, fully-furnished apartment within walking distance of the office. He made a conscious effort to not appear affected by the stories in the paper.
The slightest effort made the patient cough. He would stand leaning on a stick and holding a hand to his side, and when the paroxysm had passed it left him shaking.
The 30-year-old South Korean, who joined United in 2005, retired from international duty after last season's Asian Cup in an effort to prolong his club
Energy has seldom been found where we need it when we want it. Ancient nomads, wishing to ward off the evening chill and enjoy a meal around a campfire, had to collect wood and then spend time and effort coaxing the heat of friction out from between sticks to kindle a flame.
gloss: An endeavor.
pos: noun
examples: Although he didn't win any medals, Johnson's effort at the Olympics won over many fans.
But was it responsible governance to pass the Longitude Act without other efforts to protect British seamen? Or might it have been subterfuge—a disingenuous attempt to shift attention away from the realities of their life at sea.
gloss: A force acting on a body in the direction of its motion.
pos: noun
examples: the two bodies between which the effort acts
Synonyms: struggle
Derived words: A for effort
best efforts
center of effort
centre of effort
countereffort
effort distance
effortful
effortless
effortpost
joint efforts
low-effort syndrome
make an effort
make every effort
spare no effort
tractive effort
war effort
Translations:
achieving
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: achievings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An achievement; the process of achieving something.
pos: noun
Translations:
exertion
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: exertions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An expenditure of physical or mental effort.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Again she felt a return of that utter despondency which had fallen upon her after Guido's death: but then she could indulge in it unmolested, and that was something of relief: now she was forced into exertion, that sort of exertion of all the most tiresome, because the least interesting...
Liverpool have looked a little jaded from their exertions in recent weeks and there was an air of desperation about their attempts to restore equality in the closing minutes in the face of the experience and game management of opponents who are time-served masters of the Champions League art.
Translations:
exert
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Latin exsertus, past participle of exserō (“to stretch or thrust forth or out”), from ex- + serō (“to string together”).
Base: serō
Affixes: ex-
Inflected forms:
form: exerts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: exerting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: exerted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: exerted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To make use of, to apply, especially of something non-material; to bring to bear.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He considered exerting his influence on John to gain an advantage for himself.
Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.
Di Matteo clearly saw Drogba's power as a potential threat to a Barcelona defence stripped of Gerard Pique - but he barely caught sight of goal in a first 45 minutes in which the Catalans exerted their technical superiority.
How can the unions - or more specifically the RMT - possibly think this is a good time to exert a bit of industrial muscle and indulge in strikes both on the national railway and the London Underground?
gloss: To put in vigorous action.
pos: verb
tags: reflexive
examples: I exerted myself in today's training.
Related words: exertion
Derived words: coexert
exertable
exertive
exertment
overexert
unexerted
Translations:
vigorous
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Anglo-Norman vigrus, from Old French vigoros (French vigoureux), from Medieval Latin vigorosus, from Latin vigor. Doublet of vigoroso.
Inflected forms:
form: more vigorous
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most vigorous
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Physically strong and active.
pos: adj
examples: a vigorous scrub
a vigorous search
Life in the country will be fuller, richer, and more comfortful, because it is freer, healthier, and more vigorous.
Now there are twenty-nine skaters on Wollman Rink
Circling in singles and in pairs
In this vigorous anonymity
gloss: Mentally strong and active.
pos: adj
gloss: Rapid of growth.
pos: adj
examples: a vigorous shrub
Derived words: vigorously
Translations:
muddle
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English modelen (attested in present participle modeland (“wallowing”)), from Middle Dutch moddelen (“to make muddy”), from modde, mod (“mud”) (Modern Dutch modder). By surface analysis, mud + -le. Compare German Kuddelmuddel.
Inflected forms:
form: muddles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: muddling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: muddled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: muddled
pos: verb
tags: past
form: muddles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To mix together, to mix up; to confuse.
pos: verb
examples: Young children tend to muddle their words.
I will not , to please hostile critics , muddle the argument by making it one of recondite learning , in which neither I nor my readers are strong . I try to lay before the reader reasons from which he can judge for himself
gloss: To mash slightly for use in a cocktail.
pos: verb
examples: He muddled the mint sprigs in the bottom of the glass.
gloss: To dabble in mud.
pos: verb
examples: c. 1721-1722, Jonathan Swift, The Progress of Marriage
Young ducklings foster'd by a hen;
But, when let out, they run and muddle
gloss: To make turbid or muddy.
pos: verb
examples: He did ill to Muddle the Water.
gloss: To think and act in a confused, aimless way.
pos: verb
gloss: To cloud or stupefy; to render stupid with liquor; to intoxicate partially.
pos: verb
examples: Their old master Epicurus seems to have had his brains so muddled and confounded with them, that he scarce ever kept in the right way.
[…] I vvas for five Years often drunk, alvvays muddled, they carry'd me from Tavern to Tavern, to Alehouſes and Brandy Shops, and brought me acquainted vvith ſuch ſtrange Dogs!
gloss: To waste or misuse, as one does who is stupid or intoxicated.
pos: verb
examples: They muddle it [money] away without method or object, and without having anything to show for it.
gloss: A mixture; a confusion; a garble.
pos: noun
examples: The muddle of nervous speech he uttered did not have much meaning.
As a result, no single party or coalition immediately gained enough parliamentary seats to govern, thrusting Spain into a familiar political muddle and giving new life to Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez, who only days ago seemed moribund.
gloss: A mixture of crushed ingredients, as prepared with a muddler.
pos: noun
gloss: A muddy mess.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
examples: I must drive as quick with a thunder-rain pelting in my face, and the roads in a muddle, and the horses starting—I can’t call it shying, I have ’em too well in hand,—at every flash, just as quick as if it was a fine hard road, and fine weather.
Related words: mudpuddle
Derived words: bemuddle
muddle along
muddlebrained
muddled
muddledom
muddlehead
muddleheaded
muddle-headed
muddlement
muddle on
muddler
muddlesome
muddle the waters
muddle through
muddle up
muddlingly
muddly
remuddle
unmuddle
Translations:
devoid
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From obsolete Middle English verb devoiden, from Old French desvuidier (“to empty out”) (compare French dévider).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Completely without; having none of
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: I went searching for a knife, but the kitchen was devoid of anything sharper than a spoon.
The shed, a steel-framed structure with a single-span roof devoid of intermediate support, is exceptionally well-lit by continuous glazing on the roof and along much of the sides, while there is fluorescent roof lighting for night work.
Translations:
employed
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more employed
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most employed
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In a job; working.
pos: adj
examples: You're just looking for a handout like every other—are you employed, Mr. Lebowski?
gloss: Used; in use.
pos: adj
examples: Studies on LLS in recent decades have identified a large number of strategies which are employed by English as a foreign/second language (EFL/ESL) learners and several strategy categorisation patterns have also been established.
Derived words: malemployed
nonemployed
self-employed
subemployed
underemployed
unemployed
Translations: