yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
carnage
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French carnage, from a Norman or Picard variant Old Northern French) of Old French charnage, from char (“flesh”), or from Vulgar Latin *carnaticum (“slaughter of animals”), itself from Latin carnem, accusative of caro (“flesh”). By surface analysis, Latin carn- + -age.
Inflected forms:
form: carnages
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Death and destruction.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: There was carnage after the school play ended with 96 deaths.
Unleash the wolves / Carnage has no rules / Comparison, competition / We'll bury one and all, all
Carnage consumes all we’ve ever loved / The innocent blistered by the flame / Trial by fire we burn in shame
gloss: The corpses, gore, etc. that remain after a massacre.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: Any great loss by a team; a game in which one team wins overwhelmingly.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
uncountable
usually
examples: The game against Sri Lanka and Australia was carnage with Australia winning by 287 runs.
gloss: A heavy drinking binge and its aftermath.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
slang
uncountable
usually
examples: The lads had recently returned from a wild summer on the party island of Ibiza, an increasingly popular hotspot for working-class British youth. But this was not a scene of drunken holiday carnage in tacky discos.
Within three hours we'd drunk the place dry. Miraculously, we all made it back on the bus, but I've never seen a more bacchanalian scene of wanton debauchery than the ride back to the hotel. It was total carnage.
gloss: Any chaotic situation.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
slang
uncountable
usually
examples: Mothers and children trapped in poverty in our inner cities, rusted out factories, scattered like tombstones across the across the landscape of our nation, an education system flush with cash, but which leaves our young and beautiful students deprived of all knowledge, and the crime, and the gangs, and the drugs that have stolen too many lives and robbed our country of so much unrealized potential. This American carnage stops right here and stops right now.
Synonyms: massacre
bloodbath
Derived words: carnaged
dot-carnage
Translations:
lang: Māori
word: tārukenga
lang: Spanish
word: carnicería
fuckwit
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From fuck + wit.
Compound parts: fuck
wit
Inflected forms:
form: fuckwits
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A very stupid person.
pos: noun
tags: Commonwealth
Ireland
UK
derogatory
offensive
slang
vulgar
examples: “Gizmo, you sound like a fuckwit.”
gloss: A contemptible person.
pos: noun
tags: Commonwealth
Ireland
UK
derogatory
offensive
slang
vulgar
Related words: fuckwittedness
Derived words: fuckwitted
fuckwittery
truckwit
Translations:
pro
Part of speech: noun
prep
adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Late Middle English pro, from Latin prō (“on behalf of”).
Inflected forms:
form: pros
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: more pro
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most pro
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: An advantage of something, especially when contrasted with its disadvantages (cons).
pos: noun
examples: What are the pros and cons of buying a car?
gloss: A person who supports a concept or principle.
pos: noun
gloss: In favor of.
pos: prep
examples: He is pro exercise but against physical exertion, quite a conundrum.
gloss: Professional.
pos: adj
examples: He landed a pro mentorship gig.
Derived words: pros and cons
Translations:
umlaut
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: communications
human-sciences
journalism
linguistics
literature
media
orthography
publishing
sciences
writing
Etymology: Etymology tree
German um-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew-
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *ḱlutós
Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz
Proto-West Germanic *hlūd
Old High German lūt
Middle High German lūt
German Laut
German Umlautbor.
English umlaut
Borrowed from German Umlaut in the 19ᵗʰ century, from um- or um (“around, re-, trans-”) + Laut (“sound”), from Old High German hlūt. More at loud.
Inflected forms:
form: umlauts
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: umlaute
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: umlauts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: umlauting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: umlauted
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: umlauted
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An assimilatory process whereby a vowel is pronounced more like a following vocoid that is separated by one or more consonants.
pos: noun
examples: In fits of concealed despair that went unnoticed even by those close enough to touch, Julien cursed the language of umlauts, eszetts, and gerunds.
A tittle is more or less the same thing (the dot over an i, for instance), except that it can be traced back to Medieval Latin for a little mark over or under a letter, such as an accent ague or a cedilla. I don't know whether an umlaut is one or two tittles. Maybe it's a jot and a tittle side by side.
gloss: The umlaut process (as above) that occurred historically in Germanic languages whereby back vowels became front vowels when followed by syllable containing a front vocoid (e.g. Germanic lūsiz > Old English lȳs(i) > Modern English lice).
pos: noun
gloss: A vowel so assimilated.
pos: noun
gloss: The diacritical mark ( ¨ ) placed over a vowel when it indicates a (rounded) front vowel
pos: noun
gloss: Synonym of diaeresis.
pos: noun
tags: informal
examples: "Naïve" takes an umlaut because it is pronounced as two syllables.
California, like several other states, prohibits the use of diacritical marks or accents on official documents. That means no tilde (~), no accent grave (`), no umlaut (¨) and certainly no cedilla (¸).
gloss: To place an umlaut over (a vowel).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: We kept some of the foreign alphabet symbols such as the accented and umlauted vowels and Greek letters and used the rest of the space for more esoteric linguistic symbols such as "barred-l," and "engma."
gloss: To modify (a word) so that an umlaut is required in it.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: an umlauting vowel
These, together with (some) Romansh lects, belong to our West Rhaetian; the /ȫ/ also supported by two lects from the Ticino which by our criteria are NWIt, and by the partially umlauting lects of Lombardy which together with (some) Engadine lects belong to our East Rhaetian.
Synonyms: trema
vowel mutation
Related words: vowel harmony
diaeresis
dieresis
Derived words: heavy metal umlaut
metal umlaut
Translations:
approximate
Part of speech: adj
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd
Proto-Italic *ad
Proto-Italic *ad-
Latin ad-
Latin proximō
Latin approximō
Latin approximātusder.
Middle English approximat
English approximate
From Middle English approximat(e) (“close, near (to); similar; intimate”, also used as the past participle of approximaten), from Latin approximātus, the perfect passive participle of approximō (see -ate (adjective-forming suffix)), further from ad- (“to, towards, at”) + proximō (“to come near”). The noun was derived from the adjective through substantivization, see -ate (noun-forming suffix). See also proximate. By surface analysis, ap- + proximate.
Affixes: -ate
Inflected forms:
form: more approximate
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most approximate
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: approx.
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: approximates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: approximating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: approximated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: approximated
pos: verb
tags: past
form: approx.
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Approaching; proximate; nearly resembling.
pos: adj
gloss: Nearing correctness; nearly exact; not perfectly accurate.
pos: adj
examples: approximate results or values
NASA’s Genesis spacecraft has on board an ion monitor to record the speed, density, temperature and approximate composition of the solar wind ions.
gloss: Drawn close together, but not united.
pos: adj
gloss: To estimate.
pos: verb
tags: ambitransitive
examples: I approximated the value of pi by taking 22 divided by 7.
As yet, we don't know what the comparable figures will be like for the current financial year which ends in March 2022, but we can have a good stab at approximating them.
gloss: To come near to; to approach.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: When you follow two separate chains of thought, Watson, you will find some point of intersection which should approximate to the truth.
The telescope approximates perfection.
gloss: To carry or advance near; to cause to approach.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: to approximate the inequality of riches to the level of nature
Synonyms: close
Antonyms: exact
precise
Derived words: approximately
approximateness
approximation
approximative
approximeeting
approximable
overapproximate
reapproximate
underapproximate
Translations:
aproned
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English apron
English -ed
English aproned
From apron + -ed.
Inflected forms:
form: apronned
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Wearing an apron.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: 1892, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Cardboard Box,
It was a very long street of two-story brick houses, neat and prim, with whitened stone steps and little groups of aproned women gossiping at the doors.
1892, Arthur Conan Doyle, The Adventure of the Blue Carbuncle,
Holmes pushed open the door of the private bar and ordered two glasses of beer from the ruddy-faced, white-aproned landlord.
The corridor was alive. Clusters of aproned figures mixed and disengaged.
Together they contemplate the picture: the young wife with the daring clothes and gaudy jewellery striding through the front door, impatiently sniffing the air; the husband, colourless Mr Right, apronned, stirring a pot in the steaming kitchen.
gloss: Bearing some specific type of apron.
pos: adj
tags: in-compounds
not-comparable
examples: […] said Douglas Mancini, a red-aproned bartender at Keens Steakhouse on West 36th Street off Avenue of the Americas.
Derived words: unaproned
Translations:
apropos
Part of speech: adj
prep
adv
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French à propos (“on that subject”).
Similar in meaning and form, and to some extent etymology, to appropriate, but not a doublet of it.
Inflected forms:
form: more apropos
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most apropos
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: à propos
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: àpropos
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: à propos
pos: prep
tags: alternative
form: àpropos
pos: prep
tags: alternative
form: à propos
pos: adv
tags: alternative
form: àpropos
pos: adv
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of an appropriate or pertinent nature.
pos: adj
examples: Nothing easier. I received not long ago a map from my friend, Augustus Petermann, at Leipzig. Nothing could be more apropos.
A particularly apropos line many will remember from this film was the closing shot of a Times editorial reading "Is There No Sense of Decency?"
Served outside the shell and sliced in bite-sized pieces, it's as apropos for a first date as a business dinner.
gloss: By the way, incidental.
pos: adj
examples: Sherlock Holmes rose and lit his pipe. "No doubt you think that you are complimenting me in comparing me to [C. Auguste] Dupin," he observed. "Now, in my opinion, Dupin was a very inferior fellow. That trick of his of breaking in on his friends' thoughts with an apropos remark after a quarter of an hour's silence is really very showy and superficial. He had some analytical genius, no doubt; but he was by no means such a phenomenon as [Edgar Allan] Poe appeared to imagine."
gloss: Regarding, concerning, in regard to, on the subject of.
pos: prep
examples: "Go on, Uncle Max," said Nora pleasantly. "I like to watch your exceptional mind at work. Apropos the disappearance of Geoffrey, and that big old lonely house, you were saying—?"
Few have the same root and branch obsession with the recent past or the avenger’s recall (‘the necessity for long memory and sarcasm in argument’, as he wrote apropos the old left intelligentsia in New York).
gloss: By the way.
pos: adv
gloss: Timely; at a good time.
pos: adv
gloss: To the purpose; appropriately.
pos: adv
Antonyms: malapropos
Derived words: apronym
unapropos
Translations:
apt
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Old French apte, from Latin aptus (“suitable, fitting”). Either from obsolete apere (“to fasten, to join, to fit”), akin to apisci (“to reach, attain”) (compare with Greek ἅπτειν (áptein, “to fasten”) and Sanskrit आप्त (āpta, “fit”), from आप् (āp, “to reach, attain”)) or from *h₂ep- (“to join, fit (in)”).
Inflected forms:
form: apter
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: more apt
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: aptest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: most apt
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Suitable; appropriate; fit or fitted; suited.
pos: adj
examples: an apt metaphor
apt punishment
a river […] apt to be forded by a lamb
While we to Jove the pure libations pay, / Than Jove what apter claims the hallow'd lay?
gloss: Having a habitual tendency; habitually liable or likely; disposed towards.
pos: adj
examples: This tree, if unprotected, is apt to be stripped of its leaves by a leaf-cutting ant.
that lofty pity with which prosperous folk are apt to remember their grandfathers
Since sick people were apt to be present, he could not always depend on a lively young crowd in the same ward with him, and the entertainment was not always good.
On Wednesday night, a federal judge issued a preliminary injunction against a new California law that makes physicians subject to professional discipline for sharing COVID-19 "misinformation" with their patients. U.S. District Judge William B. Shubb concluded that California's definition of misinformation is unconstitutionally vague, failing to give doctors fair notice of which conduct the statute covers, which is a basic requirement of due process. That vagueness is especially problematic in this context, Shubb said, because it is apt to have a chilling effect on speech protected by the First Amendment.
gloss: Ready; especially fitted or qualified (to do something); quick to learn.
pos: adj
examples: a pupil apt to learn
an apt scholar
Fulfill your pleasure. Live a thousand years, / I shall not find myself so apt to die.
Related words: adept
aptitude
attitude
inept
Derived words: adapt
aptagram
aptly
aptness
aptonym
aptronym
overapt
unapt
Translations:
aristocrat
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: computing
cryptography
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From French aristocrate (“aristocrat”), attested once in the 16th century but recoined in the Revolutionary era, from aristocratie (“aristocracy”), from Medieval Latin aristocratia, from Ancient Greek ἀριστοκρατία (aristokratía), from ἄριστος (áristos, “best”) (compare Old English ar) + κράτος (krátos, “rule”). By surface analysis, aristo- + -crat.
Inflected forms:
form: aristocrats
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One of the aristocracy, nobility, or people of rank in a community; one of a ruling class; a noble (originally in Revolutionary France).
pos: noun
examples: The remains of a Roman aristocrat have been unearthed by archaeologists in northern England.
Magazines kept aristocrats on the payroll to facilitate access to jet-set playgrounds like Corfu and Mustique.
gloss: A proponent of aristocracy; an advocate of aristocratic government.
pos: noun
examples: Professor Fite, in The Platonic Legend, deprecates earlier idealization, and finds Plato to be an aristocrat, something of a snob, and the advocate of a restrictively organized society.
[…]
Plato was, as has so often been observed, temperamentally an aristocrat. And he believed that the qualities needed in his rulers were, in general, hereditary, and that given knowledge and opportunity you could deliberately breed for them.
gloss: A cipher in which the original punctuation and spacing are retained.
pos: noun
Antonyms: commoner
plebeian
Related words: aristocracy
aristocratic
Derived words: antiaristocrat
aristocratess
aristocratical
aristocratisation
aristocratism
nonaristocrat
Translations:
sinh
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Lao ສິ້ນ (sin) or Thai ซิ่น (sîn).
Inflected forms:
form: sinhs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: sin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: pha sin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: phaa sin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A traditional tube skirt worn by Lao and Thai women, particularly northern Thai and northeastern Thai women.
pos: noun
examples: These dancers with their graceful upright carriage, their dreamy distant expressions and their party sins (the women were wearing sins made of brightly-coloured silk woven in squares and broad stripes and usually worn by men) were infinitely more appealing than the younger dancers and the electronic band but, as Darachit was fond of saying and without apparent regret, 'Les traditions ne sont plus respectees."
The only enforced dress codes now [in Laos] are for female public servants who continue to wear the sinh, though outside of work they can wear what they like.
After the change in regime of 1975, every woman seen in public was wearing a sin, as this was part of a dresscode favoured by the new socialist government.
Communism made things even worse by eliminating the export market for locally made textiles and, in some cases, prohibiting the production of silk and the manufacture of clothes. Although traditional sins were allowed, colorful ones were considered bourgeois and banned.
Translations:
aristocratic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French aristocratique, from Ancient Greek ἀριστοκρατικός (aristokratikós). By surface analysis, aristo- + -cratic.
Inflected forms:
form: more aristocratic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most aristocratic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: aristocratick
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or favouring, an aristocracy.
pos: adj
examples: An aristocratic constitution.
gloss: Similar to the aristocracy; characteristic of, the aristocracy.
pos: adj
examples: An aristocratic measure.
Aristocratic pride or manners.
[…] the newly rich hanker after old aristocratic glitz.
Related words: aristocracy
aristocrat
Derived words: antiaristocratic
aristocratically
aristocraticism
aristocraticness
nonaristocratic
pseudoaristocratic
unaristocratic
Translations:
lang: Afrikaans
word: aristokratiese
lang: Arabic
word: أَرِسْتُقْرَاطِيّ
roman: ʔaristuqrāṭiyy
lang: Asturian
word: aristocráticu
lang: Catalan
word: aristocràtic
lang: Chichewa
word: lolemera
lang: Czech
word: aristokratický
lang: Danish
word: aristokratisk
lang: Finnish
word: aristokraattinen
lang: Finnish
word: ylhäinen
lang: Finnish
word: jalosukuinen
lang: French
word: aristocratique
lang: Friulian
word: aristocratic
lang: Galician
word: aristocrático
lang: Georgian
word: არისტოკრატიული
roman: arisṭoḳraṭiuli
lang: German
word: aristokratisch
lang: German
word: blaublütig
lang: German
word: adlig
lang: Greek
word: ευγενής
roman: evgenís
lang: Ancient Greek
word: ἀριστοκρατικός
roman: aristokratikós
lang: Hungarian
word: arisztokrata
lang: Italian
word: aristocratico
lang: Latin
word: summās
lang: Macedonian
word: аристокра́тски
roman: aristokrátski
lang: Māori
word: parāoa
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: aristokratisk
lang: Norwegian Nynorsk
word: aristokratisk
lang: Occitan
word: aristocratic
lang: Old English
word: æþele
lang: Persian
word: اعیانی
lang: Polish
word: arystokratyczny
lang: Portuguese
word: aristocrata
lang: Romanian
word: aristocratic
lang: Russian
word: аристократи́ческий
roman: aristokratíčeskij
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: aristòkratskī
lang: Spanish
word: aristocrático
lang: Swedish
word: aristokratisk
lang: Ukrainian
word: аристократи́чний
roman: arystokratýčnyj
lang: Uzbek
word: aristokrat
lang: Yiddish
word: אַריסטאָקראַטיש
roman: aristokratish
che
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Russian че (če).
Inflected forms:
form: ches
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The letter Ч, ч.
pos: noun
Translations:
gracefulness
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English graceful
Proto-Germanic *-inōną
Proto-Indo-European *-dyé-
Proto-Germanic *-atjaną
Proto-Indo-European *-tus
Proto-Germanic *-þuz
Proto-Germanic *-assuz
Proto-Germanic *-inassuz
Proto-West Germanic *-nassī
Old English -nes
Middle English -nesse
English -ness
English gracefulness
From graceful + -ness.
Inflected forms:
form: gracefulnesses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of being graceful.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
ineffable
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Italic *n̥-
Latin in-
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs
Proto-Italic *eks
Latin ex
Latin ex-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *bʰéh₂ti
Proto-Italic *fāōr
Latin for
Latin effārī, effor
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlom
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlis
Proto-Italic *-ðlis
Latin -bilis
Latin effābilis
Latin ineffābilislbor.
Middle French ineffablebor.
English ineffable
Borrowed from Middle French ineffable, a learned borrowing from Latin ineffābilis, from in- + effābilis.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Beyond expression in words; unspeakable.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Devotion bids aspire to nobler things, to boundless love, and joys ineffable: and such her expectation from kind Heav'n.
Stroeve was trying to express a feeling which he had never known before, and he did not know how to put it into common terms. He was like the mystic seeking to describe the ineffable.
They, and many others, are one with the trains that ran them, part of that ineffable atmosphere of Scotland's railways.
God does not play dice with the universe; He plays an ineffable game of his own devising, which might be compared, from the perspective of any of the other players, to being involved in an obscure and complex version of poker in a pitch dark room, with blank cards, for infinite stakes, with a dealer who won't tell you the rules, and who smiles all the time.
As Alan Watts (1961) wrote, it involves trying to speak the unspeakable, scrute the inscrutable and eff the ineffable.
gloss: Forbidden to be uttered; taboo.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Related words: effability
effable
ineffability
ineffableness
ineffably
Translations:
av
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: have
pos: verb
tags: Internet
examples: av u got d@?
Translations:
ontogenesis
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From onto- + -genesis.
Base: onto
Inflected forms:
form: ontogeneses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The generation and development of an individual organism from fertilization to adulthood.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
ontogeny
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From onto- + -geny, after German Ontogenie.
Base: onto
Inflected forms:
form: ontogenies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Synonym of ontogenesis.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
inconvenience
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English inconvenience, from Old French inconvenience (“misfortune, calamity, impropriety”) (compare French inconvenance (“impropriety”) and inconvénient (“inconvenience”)), from Late Latin inconvenientia (“inconsistency, incongruity”).
Inflected forms:
form: inconveniences
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: inconveniences
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: inconveniencing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: inconvenienced
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: inconvenienced
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: The quality of being inconvenient.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: They plead against the inconvenience, not the unlawfulness, […] of ceremonies in burial.
gloss: Something that is not convenient, something that bothers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: [Man] is liable to a great many inconveniences.
The inconveniences that must be endured before the modernisation plan can come into action may be seen at Coventry, where since August the station has been in the throes of rebuilding.
An artificial kidney […] can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.
gloss: To bother; to discomfort.
pos: verb
examples: He declared that these drastic steps would undoubtedly inconvenience a good many people, but the alternative was bankruptcy of the Ulster Transport Authority and the breakdown of public transport services.
Translations:
handgun
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *handuz
Proto-West Germanic *handu
Old English hand
Middle English hond
English hand
Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰen-
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰéntis
Proto-Germanic *gunþiz
Old Norse gunnr
Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂-der.
Proto-Indo-European *kelh₂tís
Proto-Germanic *hildiz
Old Norse hildr
Old Norse Gunnhildrder.
Middle English gunne
English gun
English handgun
From hand + gun.
Inflected forms:
form: handguns
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A small gun with a relatively short barrel, designed to be held and operated with a single hand.
pos: noun
examples: Petric used his father's key to open a lockbox and remove a 9mm handgun and the game.
A related design and marketing innovation has been the sale to civilians of “vest busters,” handguns specifically designed to penetrate body armor.
Translations:
busybody
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From busy + body.
Compound parts: busy
body
Inflected forms:
form: busybodies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: busy body
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: busybodies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: busybodying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: busybodied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: busybodied
pos: verb
tags: past
form: busy body
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Someone who interferes with others; one who is nosy, intrusive or meddlesome.
pos: noun
examples: Se that none of you ſuffre as a murtherer / or as a thefe / or an evyll doar / or as a buſybody in wother mens matters.
Candidly speaking, I thought her a little busy-body; but her father, blind like other parents, seemed perfectly content to let her wait on him, and even wonderfully soothed by her offices.
But I couldn’t—and I can’t tell you, either, what it’s meant to me these two years to believe you were going to marry him, and be told every week by some busybody that your engagement was on the point of being announced.
gloss: A device consisting of three mirrors that, when attached to the wall of a house, allows an occupant to see who is at the front door without a direct line of sight.
pos: noun
gloss: To meddle or interfere.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
Related words: gossip mirror
Derived words: busybodying
busybodyish
busybodyism
busybodyness
Translations:
supplicant
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
networking
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Latin supplicans (“supplicating, bowing down”), from supplicō (“kneel, bow down, request”), from sub- (“lower”) + plicō (“fold”).
Inflected forms:
form: more supplicant
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most supplicant
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: supplicants
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: begging, pleading, supplicating
pos: adj
gloss: one who comes to humbly ask or petition
pos: noun
examples: It recalled all the vivid hopes and beliefs of her childhood, when she was wont to kneel before some lovely image, till the face seemed to smile encouragement, and the little supplicant felt as if beneath a mother's eye.
gloss: A device attempting to authenticate itself to an 802.11 network.
pos: noun
Related words: supplicate
applicant
Translations:
petard
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French petard; see Modern French pétard (“firecracker”).
Inflected forms:
form: petards
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pettard
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A small, hat-shaped explosive device, used to breach a door or wall.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: For tis the ſport to haue the enginer / Hoiſt with his ovvne petar, an't ſhall goe hard / But I vvill delue one yard belovve their mines, / And blovve them at the Moone: […]
[…] Pipes, who acted as the enemy's forlorn hope, advanced to the gate with great intrepidity, and clapping his foot to the door, which was none of the ſtouteſt, with the execution and diſpatch of a petard, ſplit it into a thouſand pieces.
gloss: Anything potentially explosive, in a non-literal sense.
pos: noun
gloss: A loud firecracker.
pos: noun
tags: rare
Derived words: hoist by one's own petard
Translations:
incongruence
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Italic *n̥-
Latin in-bor.
Middle English in-
English in-
English congruence
English incongruence
From in- + congruence.
Inflected forms:
form: incongruences
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An absence of congruence.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
congruence
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: algebra
geometry
human-sciences
linear-algebra
mathematics
number-theory
psychology
sciences
Etymology: From Middle English congruence, from Latin congruentia (“agreement”), from congruēns, present active participle of congruō (“meet together, agree”).
Inflected forms:
form: congruences
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The quality of agreeing or corresponding; being suitable and appropriate.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A relation between two numbers indicating they give the same remainder when divided by some given number.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The quality of being isometric — roughly, the same measure and shape.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Matrix similarity by an orthogonal matrix.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any equivalence relation defined on an algebraic structure which is preserved by operations defined by the structure.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
universal
gloss: A well-adjusted state or condition in which people are not lying to themselves or in denial.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Synonyms: congruency
congruity
Antonyms: incongruence
incongruency
incongruity
Related words: congruent
residue
Derived words: congruence class
incongruence
noncongruence
precongruence
pseudocongruence
scissor congruence
scissors congruence
supercongruence
Translations:
lang: Armenian
word: համաձայնություն
roman: hamajaynutʻyun
lang: Armenian
word: համապատասխանություն
roman: hamapatasxanutʻyun
lang: Bulgarian
word: съгласуване
roman: sǎglasuvane
lang: Bulgarian
word: съответствие
roman: sǎotvetstvie
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 一致
roman: yīzhì
lang: Finnish
word: yhdenmukaisuus
lang: Finnish
word: sopivuus
lang: French
word: congruence
lang: German
word: Kongruenz
lang: Ido
word: kongruo
lang: Irish
word: comhionannas
lang: Polish
word: stosowność
lang: Polish
word: kongruencja
lang: Portuguese
word: congruência
lang: Romanian
word: congruență
lang: Russian
word: конгруэ́нтность
roman: kongruéntnostʹ
lang: Spanish
word: congruencia
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: طباق
roman: tıbâk
banca
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From Philippine Spanish banca, from Tagalog bangka.
Inflected forms:
form: bancas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A canoe; an outrigger canoe or dugout.
pos: noun
tags: Philippines
examples: In towns on plains near the sea it is difficult to secure good water. The rivers are salt and water has to be carried in bancas many miles. An open banca is neither a clean nor a safe way to carry water.
Translations:
vicarious
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *weyk-der.
Latin vicis
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -ārius
Latin vicāriusbor.
Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?
Proto-Italic *-ōtsos or *-otsos
Latin -ōsus
Old French -usbor.
Middle English -ous
English -ous
English vicarious
From Latin vicārius (“vicarious, substituted”) + English -ous. First attested in the 17th century. Doublet of vicar.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Delegated.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Experienced or gained by taking in another person’s experience rather than through first-hand experience, such as through watching or reading.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: People experience vicarious pleasures through watching television.
The pleasures which I made haste to seek in my disguise were, as I have said, undignified; I would scarce use a harder term. But in the hands of Edward Hyde, they soon began to turn toward the monstrous. When I would come back from these excursions, I was often plunged into a kind of wonder at my vicarious depravity.
These are people getting some sort of vicarious thrill from the street violence people like Tommy Robinson promote. Those that are attacking Jess Philips, who I'm proud to call colleague and a friend, are not protecting victims.
gloss: On behalf of others.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: The concept of vicarious atonement, that one person can atone for the sins of another, is found in many religions.
As time went on, the cruel custom was so far mitigated that a ram was accepted as a vicarious sacrifice in room of the royal victim.
In these, however, he had not much time to indulge, for a footman, still decked in the trappings of vicarious grief, opened the door with the most startling promptitude, and he was ushered upstairs into a small but richly furnished room.
Related words: vicar
Derived words: vicarious atonement
vicarious embarrassment
vicarious experience
vicarious grief
vicarious learning
vicarious liability
vicariously
vicarious plants
vicarious punishment
vicarious reinforcement
vicarious traumatization
Translations:
atonement
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: lifestyle
religion
theology
Etymology: Perhaps from atone + -ment as translation of Medieval Latin adūnāmentum; however, the noun is found earlier than the verb (atone); and in this light, the proper etymology is at + onement.
Base: atone
Affixes: -ment
Inflected forms:
form: atonements
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Making amends to restore a damaged relationship; expiation.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: When a man has been guilty of any vice, the best atonement he can make for it is, to warn others.
1697-1698, John Potter, Archaeologia Graeca
The Phocians behaved themselves with so much gallantry, that they were thought to have made a sufficient atonement for their former offense.
gloss: The reconciliation of God and mankind through the death of Jesus.
pos: noun
tags: countable
often
uncountable
gloss: Reconciliation; restoration of friendly relations; concord.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
countable
uncountable
examples: by whom we have now received the atonement
He desires to make atonement
Betwixt the Duke of Gloucester and your brothers.
Synonyms: assyth
atonement
compensation
expiation
indemnification
piation
propitiation
refaction
Antonyms: nonatonement
Related words: penance
penitance
expiation
reconciliation
conciliation
Yom Kippur
adunatio
atone
guilt
Derived words: antiatonement
blood atonement
limited atonement
nonatonement
substitutionary atonement
vicarious atonement
Translations:
fetishism
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁k-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *dʰh₁kyéti
Proto-Italic *θakjō
Proto-Italic *fakjō
Latin faciō
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Italic *-tos
Latin -tus
Latin factus
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -īcus
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Italic *-ios
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -īcius
Latin factīcius
Portuguese feitiçobor.
French fétichebor.
English fetish
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Indo-European *-mos
Proto-Indo-European *-mós
Ancient Greek -μός (-mós)
Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.
English -ism
English fetishism
From fetish + -ism.
Inflected forms:
form: fetishisms
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: fetichism
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: The belief that natural objects have supernatural powers, or that something created by people has power over people.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A form of paraphilia where the object of attraction is an inanimate object or a part of a person's body.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: That's cross-dressing to you and me and, according to Blanchard and the APA, there are two types – fetishism and autogynephilia.
gloss: An irrational, obsessive belief in the power of some object or action.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Derived words: circumfetishism
commodity fetishism
corpus fetishism
foot fetishism
necrofetishism
technofetishism
transvestic fetishism
wet and messy fetishism
Translations:
tong
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English tonge (“tongs, fang”), tange, from Old English tange, from Proto-West Germanic *tangu, from Proto-Germanic *tangō, from Proto-Indo-European *denḱ- (“to bite”). Cognate with Old Norse tǫng (modern Icelandic töng), Old High German zanga (modern German Zange). Other cognates include Sanskrit दशति (dáśati, “to bite”) and Albanian dang (“bite, nip”).
Inflected forms:
form: tongs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: tongs
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: tonging
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: tonged
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: tonged
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An instrument or tool used for manipulating things in a fire without touching them with the hands.
pos: noun
tags: plural
examples: […] these attributes are concrete expressions of God's care and providence and therefore not man-made. This explains the quite bizarre presence of a ‘pair’ of tongs in some lists: in order to make a tong one needs a tong, and how could the first tong be made without a tong?
gloss: To use tongs.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To grab, manipulate or transport something using tongs.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Related words: tongs
Translations:
tongs
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: tong ("tool for manipulating things in a fire") + -s
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: An instrument or tool used for picking things up without touching them with the hands or fingers, consisting of two slats or grips hinged at the end or in the middle, and sometimes including a spring to open the grips.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
examples: There was also hairdressing: hairdressing, too, really was hairdressing in those times — no running a comb through it and that was that. It was curled, frizzed, waved, put in curlers overnight, waved with hot tongs;[…].
gloss: A large scissors-like two-piece center-hinged forged-iron implement with oval-loop handles and with pointed tips turned inward (in the same plane as and perpendicular to the handles) to facilitate lifting and carrying a block of ice. Often called ice tongs.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
plural
plural-only
Related words: forceps
pair of tongs
pincers
pliers
scissors
shears
tong
tweezers
Derived words: curling tongs
fire tongs
grappling tongs
hammer and tongs
ice tongs
lazy tongs
pipetongs
pipe tongs
port tongs
spaghetti tongs
Translations:
yakuza
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Japanese やくざ (yakuza). See there for more details.
Inflected forms:
form: yakuza
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: yakuzas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A Japanese organized crime gang.
pos: noun
examples: Japan’s largest yakuza crime syndicate has pledged to end its longstanding war with a rival faction and refrain from causing “trouble,” authorities said, as the mafia-like groups contend with falling membership and increased police crackdowns.
gloss: A member of that Japanese organized crime gang.
pos: noun
Derived words: yak
Translations:
pomfret
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Perhaps derived from Portuguese pampano, a kind of fish.
Inflected forms:
form: pomfret
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pomfrets
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A fish of family Bramidae, consisting of eight genera and some twenty species.
pos: noun
gloss: Any in the genus Pampus (family Stromateidae) of butterfishes.
pos: noun
gloss: A golden pomfret (Trachinotus blochii, family Carangidae).
pos: noun
gloss: A black pomfret (Parastromateus niger, family Carangidae).
pos: noun
Related words: pomfred
Derived words: Atlantic pomfret
big-scale pomfret
black pomfret
ladder-finned pomfret
Pacific pomfret
pomfret cake
sickle pomfret
silver pomfret
silvery pomfret
white pomfret
Woodward's pomfret
Translations:
utmost
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: PIE word
 *úd
From Middle English utmost, utemest [and other forms], from Old English ūtmest, ūtemest [and other forms], from ūt, ūte (“out; outdoors, outside”) + -mest (suffix meaning ‘furthest’, used to form superlatives of some adjectives) (and conflated with most). Ūt is derived from Proto-Germanic *ūt (“out, outward”), from Proto-Indo-European *úd (“out, outward”). Equivalent to out + -most.
Base: out
Affixes: -most
Inflected forms:
form: utmosts
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: uttermost
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The greatest possible capability, extent, or quantity; maximum.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: at the utmost    to the utmost
[...] I am reſolved to pluck up the heart of a man, and to try my utmoſt to get from under his hand.
[T]he utmoſt they could do, was to perſuade Him to lay aſide all Rancor and Diſcontent againſt thoſe Confederate Lords, and to hearken to their deſires.
But Scrooge was all the worse for this. It thrilled him with a vague uncertain horror, to know that behind the dusky shroud there were ghostly eyes intently fixed upon him, while he, though he stretched his own to the utmost, could see nothing but a spectral hand and one great heap of black.
Meanwhile Nanny Broome was recovering from her initial panic and seemed anxious to make up for any kudos she might have lost, by exerting her personality to the utmost. She took the policeman's helmet and placed it on a chair, and unfolded his tunic to shake it and fold it up again for him.
We drank martinis, while she gazed into my eyes and talked of Dolores – in tones of the utmost loathing – and of you, in tones of the utmost self-importance.
Translations:
photogenic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From photo- + -genic.
Base: photo
Inflected forms:
form: more photogenic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most photogenic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Generated or caused by light.
pos: adj
examples: The sunbather developed a photogenic melanoma on her back.
gloss: Producing or emitting light; luminescent.
pos: adj
examples: The photogenic bacteria were visible in the dark room.
gloss: Looking good when photographed.
pos: adj
examples: The company hired the spokesperson for his photogenic face.
Despite being compellingly photogenic, many eagles are difficult photographic targets, particularly when there is bright sunlight.
"And besides, you've made it so easy to find reference images of you. You're quite... photogenic."
Derived words: photogenically
photogenicism
photogenicity
unphotogenic
Translations:
overpriced
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more overpriced
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most overpriced
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Priced higher than its real worth.
pos: adj
examples: The overpriced items would not sell.
I have 20 minutes to grab a coffee (from cheaper Greggs, rather than overpriced Starbucks or Costa), then join the 1113 to Lowestoft.
Translations:
silverfish
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From silver + fish: from its appearance, in the case of the insect.
Compound parts: silver
fish
Inflected forms:
form: silverfish
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: silverfishes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Certain insects
pos: noun
gloss: Certain insects
pos: noun
gloss: Certain insects
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
gloss: Certain fish
pos: noun
Translations:
cowabunga
Part of speech: intj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Unknown, but was popularized (as Kowa-Bunga) by Chief Thunderthud on the American children's show Howdy Doody in the late 1940s or early 1950s, and became associated with American surfing culture. By the early 1980s, it was used as the catch-phrase of Cookie Monster on the American television show Sesame Street, and gained popularity with a broader audience after its use in the American cartoon Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles in the late 1980s and early 1990s. (For further treatment, see here.)
Inflected forms:
form: Kowa-Bunga
pos: intj
tags: alternative
form: cowabonga
pos: intj
tags: alternative
form: kawabonga
pos: intj
tags: alternative
form: kowabonga
pos: intj
tags: alternative
form: kowabunga
pos: intj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Expressing amazement, enthusiasm, or joy.
pos: intj
tags: humorous
slang
usually
examples: Cowabunga, dude!
Kowa-Bunga! Then Me Fix You Good! You Be Sorry.
Shouting the surfer's cry ‘Cowabunga!’ they climb a 12-ft. wall of water and ‘take the drop’ off its shoulder.
Both words turn up in the same sentence—as in ‘Cowabunga, it's humongous!’—when the children crowd around some toy.
Translations:
moderato
Part of speech: noun
adv
adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Borrowed from Italian moderato. Doublet of moderate.
Inflected forms:
form: moderatos
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A tempo mark directing that a passage is to be played at a moderate tempo.
pos: noun
gloss: A passage having this mark
pos: noun
gloss: played in this style
pos: adv
gloss: (to be) played in this style
pos: adj
Translations: