yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
carouse
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French carousser (“to quaff, drink, swill”), from German gar aus (literally “all out, quite out”), from gar austrinken (“to drink up entirely, guzzle”). Compare German Garaus.
Inflected forms:
form: carouses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: carousing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: caroused
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: caroused
pos: verb
tags: past
form: carouses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To engage in a noisy or drunken social gathering.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: We are all going to carouse at Brian's tonight.
The prospect of two hundred (or more) loitering and carousing patrons streaming out of the club at 1 a.m. is profoundly disturbing to us.
gloss: To drink to excess.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
transitive
examples: If I survive this headache, I promise no more carousing at Brian’s.
[…] the cup-bearers did fill great gems made in form of cups with ancient wine, and the Demons caroused to Lord Juss deep draughts in honour of this day of his nativity.
gloss: A large draught of liquor.
pos: noun
examples: […] therefore forward I went with my hey-de-gaies to Ilford, where I againe reſted, and was by the people of the towne and countrey there-about very very wel welcomed, being offred carowſes in the great ſpoon, one whole draught being able at that time to haue drawne my little wit drye; […]
Had our great Pallace the capacity
To Campe this hoaſt, we all would ſup together,
And drinke Carowſes to the next dayes Fate […]
[…] he hadde ſo many eyes watching ouer him, as he coulde not drinke a full Carouſe of Sacke, but the State was aduertised thereof, within few houres after.
gloss: A drinking bout; a carousal.
pos: noun
examples: The early feast and late carouse.
PORSON […] would not only frequently “steal a few hours from the night,” but see out both lights and liquids, and seem none the worse for the carouse.
Derived words: carousal
carouser
carrousel
Translations:
warship
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: literature
media
publishing
science-fiction
Etymology: From war + ship.
Compound parts: war
ship
Inflected forms:
form: warships
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any ship built or armed for naval combat.
pos: noun
gloss: A spacecraft built or armed for space warfare.
pos: noun
Synonyms: man-of-war
warship
warcraft
Related words: :Category:Warships
Translations:
above-board
Part of speech: adj
adv
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From above + board (“table”). First attested in 1610. Said by Johnson to have been borrowed from gamblers, who, when they change their cards, put their hands under the table.
Compound parts: above
board
Inflected forms:
form: aboveboard
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: above board
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: above the board
pos: adj
tags: alternative
dated
form: aboveboard
pos: adv
tags: alternative
form: above board
pos: adv
tags: alternative
form: above the board
pos: adv
tags: alternative
dated
Senses:
gloss: In open sight; without trick, concealment, or deception.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: fair and aboveboard
Nothing illegal about any of this to my knowledge. Indeed, this is the very above-board racket of running an independent political committee. Everyone does it. Left, right, center and none of the above. And anyway, why shouldn't a true pay-triot get paid?
Over the weekend, Android owners were displeased to discover that Facebook had been scraping their text-message and phone-call metadata, in some cases for years, an operation hidden in the fine print of a user agreement clause until Ars Technica reported. Facebook was quick to defend the practice as entirely aboveboard—small comfort to those who are beginning to realize that, because Facebook is a free service, they and their data are by necessity the products.
gloss: Honestly; openly.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
hull-down
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: government
military
nautical
politics
transport
war
Inflected forms:
form: hull down
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of a ship: so far distant that only the masts and sails are visible above the horizon.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: In the morning a homeward-bound ship passed us hull down,—the first we had seen for months; […]
Shortly they would be hull-down.
gloss: Of a tank: stopped with its hull protected by ground to the front, so that its occupants or weapons have a line of sight forward.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Synonyms: in defilade
defiladed
Related words: hull-up
turret-down
turret down
Translations:
hull-up
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of a ship: at a distance such that the hull is visible above the horizon.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
carousal
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From carouse (“to engage in a noisy or drunken social gathering”, verb) + -al (suffix forming nouns denoting actions by verbs to which it is attached), possibly also influenced by an erroneous understanding of the meaning of carousel (“merry-go-round”).
Base: carouse
Affixes: -al
Inflected forms:
form: carousals
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of carousing; (drunken) revelry; (countable) an instance of this; a noisy social gathering, often with much alcohol consumption.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: —The ſun vvas ſet—they had done their vvork; the nymphs had tied up their hair afreſh—and the ſvvains vvere preparing for a carouſal— […]
Drawing near, / Loud from the chambers of the bridge below, / Sounds of carousal came and song, / And unveiled women bade the advancing youth / Come merry-make with them.
He mingled with the Magnates of his land; / Join'd the carousals of the great and gay, […]
When Alcohol usurps the throne, and Sober Rationality is ejected, every other consideration is lost; that of having a regular 'spree' alone prevails:—the excited passions proclaim for a grand carousal.
The earth-spirit of Tema, who loved carousals, heard from afar the songs and laughter of the people on Nassau.
Translations:
litotes
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Late Latin lītotēs, from Ancient Greek λιτότης (litótēs, literally “plainness”), from λιτός (litós, “simple”).
Inflected forms:
form: litotes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A figure of speech whereby something is stated by denying its opposite.
pos: noun
tags: countable
rhetoric
uncountable
examples: The delicacy which prompts a later generation to reject that name is by no means necessarily a result of stricter habits, is far more often due to the flatness which comes of untiring repetition and to the greater piquancy of litotes.
gloss: A figure of speech whereby something is stated by denying its opposite.
pos: noun
tags: countable
especially
rhetoric
uncountable
Related words: paradiastole
double negative
Derived words: litotic
litotical
litotically
Translations:
lang: Catalan
word: lítote
lang: Czech
word: litotes
lang: Dutch
word: litotes
lang: Esperanto
word: litoto
lang: Esperanto
word: maltroigo
lang: Finnish
word: litoteesi
lang: French
word: litote
lang: German
word: Litotes
lang: Greek
word: λιτότητα
roman: litótita
lang: Ancient Greek
word: λιτότης
roman: litótēs
lang: Ido
word: litoto
lang: Irish
word: liotóid
lang: Italian
word: litote
lang: Manx
word: fo-raa
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: litot
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: litotes
lang: Polish
word: litota
lang: Polish
word: litotes
lang: Portuguese
word: litotes
lang: Russian
word: лито́та
roman: litóta
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: литота
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: litota
lang: Sicilian
word: lìtuti
lang: Sicilian
word: litoti
lang: Spanish
word: litote
lang: Spanish
word: lítotes
lang: Spanish
word: lítote
lang: Spanish
word: litotes
lang: Tagalog
word: makumbaba
camaraderie
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Unadapted borrowing from French camaraderie.
Recent American pronunciations such as /ˌkɑməˈɹɑdəɹi/ and /ˌkɑmˈɹɑdəɹi/ are influenced by the cognate comrade.
Inflected forms:
form: camaraderies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A close friendship in a group of friends or teammates.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Moreover, a spirit of camaraderie exists between the staff of the railway and its regular patrons.
And regardless of their differences, they always act with such camaraderie and complicity among themselves.
gloss: A spirit of familiarity and closeness, especially when expressed somewhat boisterously.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: There was not one of Napoleon's intimate friends, however high in rank, who would have ventured to indulge in the sort of camaraderie which was kept up between the Emperor and his old moustaches.
Related words: chambermate
comrade
Translations:
growler
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From growl + -er. Sense "jug" is 19th century American slang, of uncertain origin.
Base: growl
Affixes: -er
Inflected forms:
form: growlers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person, creature or thing that growls.
pos: noun
gloss: A horse-drawn cab with four wheels.
pos: noun
tags: historical
slang
examples: He had evidently studied the driver of a London growler, and produced a good sound readable type of man.
The ordinary London growler is considerably less wide than a gentleman's brougham.
Lew pulled his socks from a jacket pocket, grabbed his own shoes, and together they proceeded to the street and into a growler, and were off.
gloss: A small iceberg or ice floe which is barely visible over the surface of the water.
pos: noun
examples: A great ‘growler’ iceberg was sighted this afternoon at a distance of approximately half a mile; the size of a large London house, more or less.
As the cruise ship Explorer was picking its way through the Antarctic sea ice, it hit what experts believe was a "growler" - a huge iceberg shorn from the Antarctic ice shelf.
gloss: A kind of jug, often with a handle, used to carry beer and preserve carbonation.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
Canada
US
informal
examples: […] their favoring breeze has the stink of nickel whiskey on its breath, and their sea is a growler of lager and ale […]
This container was a round lidded tin with a handle and was colloquially called a growler. […] to get daddy or mommy a growler of beer, which was, by the way, approximately a quart.
gloss: A pork pie.
pos: noun
tags: UK
Yorkshire
dialectal
examples: Now, on first impression, a pork pie - or a ‘growler’ if you're from Yorkshire - looks like a delicious snack.
gloss: The vulva.
pos: noun
tags: UK
slang
examples: On our first meeting he'd asked me if I dyed my hair. I told him I did and his follow up^([sic]) question had been the much under rated^([sic]), "What colour's your growler then?"
gloss: A fish of the perch family, abundant in North American rivers, so named from the sound it emits.
pos: noun
tags: US
dialectal
gloss: A device for checking electrical equipment for short circuits etc.
pos: noun
examples: Includes voltmeters, ammeters, circuit testers, armature tester (external growler), field tester, (internal growler), coil and condenser tester, etc.
A Growler is one of the most versatile tools for electric motor service, whether a starter motor or a generator. The growler gets its name because of a growling noise it emits upon finding an electrical short.
Derived words: crowler
Translations:
pleasurable
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English pleasure
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlom
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlis
Proto-Italic *-ðlis
Latin -bilis
Latin -ābilis
Old French -ablebor.
Middle English -able
English -able
English pleasurable
From pleasure + -able.
Inflected forms:
form: more pleasurable
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most pleasurable
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: That gives pleasure
pos: adj
examples: The massage was a pleasurable experience.
c. 1620, Francis Bacon, letter of advice to Sir George Villiers
Planting of orchards is very […] pleasurable.
At Rome every Pleasurable Female pays a Julio per Week to the Church […]
Happiness is, therefore, a thing most excellent and noble, as well as being most pleasurable […]
Impassioned pleas for pleasurable instruction appeared from the pens of such thinkers as Plato, Sidney, and Dryden, this ideal ultimately becoming one of the acknowledged cornerstones of neoclassical criticism.
Opiate receptors in human brains allow us to perceive pleasurable stimuli such as sweet tastes.
They love good food, well prepared, truly fresh, and pleasurable.
This volume discusses pleasurable design — a part of the traditional usability design and evaluation methodologies.
Translations:
cannula
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
medicine
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from Late Latin cannula, canula (“tubular surgical instrument”), from Latin cannula (“reed; small reed- or tube-shaped object”), from canna (“cane; reed; object made from or shaped like a cane or reed”) + -ula (feminine form of -ulus (diminutive suffix). Canna is derived from Ancient Greek κᾰ́ννᾰ (kắnnă, “reed”), from Akkadian 𒂵𒉡𒌑𒌝 (qanûm, “cane; reed”).
The plural form cannulae is borrowed from Late Latin cannulae.
Inflected forms:
form: cannulas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cannulae
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cannulæ
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: canula
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A tube inserted into the body to drain or inject fluid.
pos: noun
examples: Two or three cannulæ are requisite also for washing out the sinuses.
The cannula had come askew in his nose and he pushed it straight, his hand moving slowly, like the hand of a man who is dreaming with his eyes open.
gloss: A hose or tube that connects directly from an oxygen bottle or other source to the user's nose, commonly used by aircraft pilots or others needing direct oxygen breathing apparatus.
pos: noun
Derived words: cannular
cannulate
cannulation
cannulise
cannulize
microcannula
nasal cannula
Translations:
travesty
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French travesti (“disguised, burlesqued”), past participle of travestir (“to disguise”), borrowed from Italian travestire (“to dress up, disguise”), from tra- (“across”) + vestire (“to dress”), from Latin vestiō (“to clothe, dress”), from Proto-Italic *westis (“clothing”), from Proto-Indo-European *wéstis (“dressing”) from verbal root *wes- (“to dress, clothe”); cognate to English wear. Doublet of travesti.
Base: vestire
Affixes: tra-
Inflected forms:
form: travesties
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: travesties
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: travestying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: travestied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: travestied
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An absurd, grotesque, misrepresentative or grossly inferior likeness or imitation.
pos: noun
examples: A battlefield trial is a travesty of justice.
The second edition is not a recast, but absolutely a travesty of the first.
In 1844, objection was raised to the Furness Railway's Dalton & Barrow line, when it was revealed that the line would pass directly through Furness Abbey. A re-route was achieved, with the line skirting the abbey ruins instead - although many continued to see the intrusion as a travesty against antiquity and the scenic beauty of the site.
gloss: A pastiche, parody, or stylistic imitation; a burlesque literary or artistic imitation (typically of a more serious work).
pos: noun
gloss: An appalling event, situation or outcome (especially in relation to another outcome to which it is grossly inferior).
pos: noun
tags: proscribed
sometimes
examples: Spurs survived the scare - and such was their domination after the break that it would have been a travesty had Arsenal escaped Wembley, hosting a Premier League record attendance of 83,222, with a draw.
gloss: To make a travesty of; to parody.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Synonyms: caricature
feign
Antonyms: veracity
Related words: revetment
trans-
transvestite
vest
vestry
wear
farce
Derived words: tragesty
travestiment
Translations:
lang: German
word: armselige Karikatur
lang: Polish
word: trawestacja
lang: Polish
word: karykatura
lang: Spanish
word: imitación (pésima)
roman: pésima
docilely
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin docilisder.
Middle French docilebor.
Middle English docyle
English docile
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English docilely
From docile + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more docilely
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most docilely
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Submissively or obediently.
pos: adv
examples: My uncle returns to his mess of papers, dismissing us; and I go docilely back to my sewing.
Translations:
crucible
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: From Latin crucibulum (“night-lamp, metallurgic melting-pot”), apparently a derivative of crux (“cross”), perhaps by analogy to thūribulum (“censer”) and suffix -bulum, or from crucio (“to torment”).
Inflected forms:
form: crucibles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A cup-shaped piece of laboratory equipment used to contain chemical compounds when heating them to very high temperatures.
pos: noun
examples: In one corner of the closet was a very small furnace, with a glowing fire in it, and on the fire a kind of duplicate crucible—two crucibles connected by a tube. One of these crucibles was nearly full of lead in a state of fusion, but not reaching up to the aperture of the tube, which was close to the brim.
gloss: A heat-resistant container in which metals are melted, usually at temperatures above 500°C, commonly made of graphite with clay as a binder.
pos: noun
gloss: The bottom and hottest part of a blast furnace; the hearth.
pos: noun
gloss: A very difficult and trying experience, that acts as a refining or hardening process.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
examples: But, in considering an author and his works as one, a sufficient distinction is not drawn between the ideal and the real: the last is only given by being past through the crucible of the first.
We should give our support to the liberation of the captive nations of the world and deliver our compatriots from their crucible of suffering. In other words, we should take up the difficult task of reshaping the world’s destiny by destroying the tyrannical Communist rule now afflicting the earth and by delivering humankind from the Red holocaust.
Some of our ancestors faced trials that we will never know—the snows of Valley Forge; the crucible of a bitter, bloody civil war; and the incredible hardships endured in taming a savage wilderness.
Beowulf's mood as he gets ready to fight the dragon - who could be read as a projection of Beowulf's own chthonic wisdom refined in the crucible of experience - recalls the mood of other tragic heroes.
Derived words: crucible steel
Gooch crucible
Hessian crucible
Translations:
impetus
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin impetus (“a rushing upon, an attack, assault, onset”), from impetō (“to rush upon, attack”), from in- (“upon”) + petō (“to seek, fall upon”).
Inflected forms:
form: impetuses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: impetus
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Anything that impels; a stimulating factor.
pos: noun
examples: The outbreak of World War II in 1939 gave a new impetus to receiver development.
Once set a strong mind thinking, and you have done all that it needs for its education. It matters little what is the first impetus, so that it only be set to work.
In a single moment Montenegro and their supporters were given fresh impetus and encouragement. Beciraj tested Hart with a low shot before teenager Phil Jones, on his England debut, suffered an anxious moment when Stevan Jovetic went down under his challenge, leaving the youngster clearly relieved to see referee Stark wave away Montenegro's appeals.
gloss: A force, either internal or external, that impels; an impulse.
pos: noun
gloss: The force or energy associated with a moving body; a stimulus.
pos: noun
gloss: A principle of motive force, held as equivalent to weight times velocity by John Buridan, in an auxiliary theory of Aristotelian dynamics introduced by John Philoponus, describing projectile motion against gravity as linear until it transitions to a vertical drop and the intellectual precursor to the concepts of inertia, momentum and acceleration in classical mechanics.
pos: noun
gloss: An activity in response to a stimulus.
pos: noun
Related words: impetuous
wind at one's back
Translations:
auricle
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: anatomy
biology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Latin auricula (“the external ear”), diminutive of auris (“the ear”). Doublet of auricula.
Inflected forms:
form: auricles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any appendage in the shape of an ear or earlobe.
pos: noun
gloss: Any appendage in the shape of an ear or earlobe.
pos: noun
gloss: Synonym of atrium.
pos: noun
gloss: Synonym of atrium.
pos: noun
Related words: auricula
auricular
auriculo-
Derived words: auricled
postauricle
retroauricle
Translations:
lang: Catalan
word: aurícula
lang: Finnish
word: korvake
lang: Portuguese
word: aurícula
lang: Spanish
word: aurícula
propose
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English proposen, from Anglo-Norman proposer (verb), propos (noun), Middle French proposer (verb), propos (noun), from Latin prōpōnō, prōpōnere, with conjugation altered based on poser. Doublet of propound.
Inflected forms:
form: proposes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: proposing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: proposed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: proposed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To suggest a plan, course of action, etc.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: I propose going to see a film.
to propose an alliance
to propose a question for discussion
“The Budget proposes eliminating Supporting Effective Instruction (SEI) State Grants (Title II State grants), a program that provides formula funds to States to improve the quality and effectiveness of teachers, principals, and other schools leaders. SEI grants are poorly targeted and funds are spread too thinly to have a meaningful impact on student outcomes.
President Moon Jae-in proposed the plan this week during a meeting with government officials, his spokesman said.
gloss: To ask for a person's hand in marriage.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
sometimes
with-to
examples: He proposed to her last night and she accepted him.
After the death of his [Verney's] first wife, he proposed to Florence Nightingale but she refused him. Later he married her sister, and for many years Claydon was Miss Nightingale's second home.
gloss: To intend.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He proposes to set up his own business.
I propose to relate, in several volumes, the history of the people of New England.
Many of the proposed dams would be among the tallest in the world.
gloss: To talk; to converse.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
examples: HERO. Good Margaret, run thee to the parlour;
There shalt thou find my cousin Beatrice
Proposing with the prince and Claudio
gloss: To set forth.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
examples: […]so weighty was the cup,
That being propos'd brimful of wine, one scarce could lift it up.
Related words: proponent
proposition
Derived words: counterpropose
prompose
proposable
proposal
proposee
propose marriage
proposement
repropose
unproposing
Translations:
fleadh
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Irish fleadh, classical/dialectal/superseded spelling of fleá, from Old Irish fled, from Proto-Celtic *wlidā.
Inflected forms:
form: fleadhs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An Irish music festival with competitions for the best performance on various instruments.
pos: noun
Translations:
Gaeltacht
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Irish Gaeltachtbor.
English Gaeltacht
Borrowed from Irish Gaeltacht.
Inflected forms:
form: Gaeltachtaí
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: Gaeltachts
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An officially recognised area where the Irish language is the predominant language in daily use.
pos: noun
tags: Ireland
Translations:
pentose
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Internationalism, from penta- (“five”) + -ose.
Affixes: penta-
-ose
Inflected forms:
form: pentoses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pentaose
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A sugar or saccharide containing five carbon atoms.
pos: noun
examples: Ribose, found in RNA, is a common pentose.
Translations:
hexose
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *swéḱs
Proto-Hellenic *hwéks
Ancient Greek ἕξ (héx)
Ancient Greek ἑξα- (hexa-)der.
Latin hexa-der.
English hexa-
English hex-
Ancient Greek γλεῦκος (gleûkos)der.
French glucose
English glucosebf.
English -ose
English hexose
From hex- + -ose.
Inflected forms:
form: hexoses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A sugar or saccharide containing six carbon atoms.
pos: noun
Translations:
polysaccharide
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *polh₁ús
Ancient Greek πολῠ́ς (polŭ́s)lbor.
English poly-
Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH
Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH
Sanskrit शर्क॑रा (śárkarā)
Pali sakkharābor.
Ancient Greek σάκχᾰρον (sákkhăron)bor.
Latin saccharon
Latin saccharum
English saccharo-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *-iðos
Latin -idusder.
English -ide
English saccharide
English polysaccharide
From poly- + saccharide.
Inflected forms:
form: polysaccharides
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A polymer made of many saccharide units linked by glycosidic bonds.
pos: noun
examples: Meronym: saccharide
Cellulose, starches, and complex carbohydrates, such as glycogen, are common polysaccharides in biology.
Translations:
insuperable
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin insuperabilis.
Inflected forms:
form: more insuperable
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most insuperable
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Impossible to achieve or overcome or be negotiated.
pos: adj
examples: Regular services for passengers and goods were maintained for almost 50 years, but the speed limit of 16 m.p.h., imposed by the Board of Trade, proved an insuperable handicap after the introduction of competitive motor bus services.
While Indian English may not have a uniform standard form throughout the country, this in itself is not an insuperable obstacle for lexicography.
The basic problem before the court on Wednesday is that there is a Supreme Court case pretty closely on point – United States v. Bestfoods – in which the justices rejected the government’s argument that the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act was such an important statute that it should create an exception to traditional state-law doctrines that require a high (indeed, all but insuperable) bar for actions seeking to ignore corporate identities and, in the common phrase, “pierce the corporate veil.”
Underground stations were also slated for closure, and there were plans for massive ring roads to cater for the ever-growing numbers of people commuting into town by car. […] However, it soon dawned on politicians that this was unsustainable. Much of London would have had to be demolished to make way for the ring roads, and parking was becoming an insuperable difficulty.
gloss: Overwhelming or insurmountable.
pos: adj
examples: For the first time I steadily reviewed the obstacles—and to consider them was at once to see they were insuperable.
Synonyms: unsuperable
Antonyms: superable
Related words: insuperability
impassable
unconquerable
Derived words: insuperableness
insuperably
Translations:
cloaca
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: anatomy
biology
embryology
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
zoology
Etymology: Borrowed from Latin cloāca (“sewer”), related to cluō (“cleanse; purge”), but the derivation is uncertain.
Inflected forms:
form: cloacas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cloacae
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A sewer.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
sometimes
examples: The Thames, polluted with the filthy effusions of the cloacae.
[…] that tremendous cloaca of Pauperism […]
After working an hour, I began to speculate on the distance one had to go before the cloaca was reached the chances we had of missing it altogether.
gloss: The opening in reptiles, amphibians and birds, as well as elasmobranchians, lobe-finned fishes, and monotreme mammals, which serves as the common outlet for the urogenital ducts and rectum.
pos: noun
examples: In birds the rectum, at the termination of its canal, forms an oval or elongated pouch […] and then expands into a cavity, which has been named cloaca.
gloss: An outhouse or lavatory.
pos: noun
examples: To every house […] a cloaca.
Only think of that cloaca being supplied daily with such dainty bibliographical treasures!
gloss: A duct through which gangrenous material escapes a body.
pos: noun
examples: Across this shell [sc. of bone] small holes are eaten, by which the matter escapes, and which are called cloacae (Weidmann).
gloss: Structure in the embryo during the development of the reproductive and urinary systems.
pos: noun
Derived words: cloacal
cloacinal
cloacitis
persistent cloaca
Translations:
mufti
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: Islam
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish مفتی (müfti), from Arabic مُفْتِي (muftī, “fatwa-deliverer”, literally “deliverer of formal opinion”).
Inflected forms:
form: muftis
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: muftee
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
form: mufty
pos: noun
tags: alternative
archaic
Senses:
gloss: A Muslim scholar and interpreter of sharia law, who can deliver a fatwa.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Mujtahidd's online claims have prompted an aggressive backlash against social media from the Saudi religious establishment. The grand mufti of Saudi Arabia, Sheikh Abdul-Aziz al-Sheikh, said in January that Twitter was a platform for "promoting lies" and a "dangerous practice" that should be avoided by Muslims. Commentators have described the phenomenon as symbolic of the growing political debate about use of Twitter in Saudi Arabia.
gloss: A civilian dress when worn by a member of the military or the police, or casual dress when worn by a pupil of a school who normally would wear uniform.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
New-Zealand
UK
uncountable
examples: He had a suit of summer mufti, and a broad-brimmed blue beaver hat looped with leaves broken from the hedgerows in the lanes, and a Leander scarf tucked full of flowers: loosestrife, meadowrue, orchis, ragged-robin.
The innate reluctance of the Englishman to make himself conspicuous has stood him here in good stead. Except on special occasions, the British officers are almost always in mufti.
The neutrality, however, causes some peculiar situations, such as that arising from the prohibition of uniforms other than those of the Eireann Defence Forces and the Diplomatic Corps. This would be simple if no one from Eire were a sailor, soldier, or airman in the British Forces, but thousands of them are, and as such they may not wear mufti unless on leave from the B.E.F.
The sailors in mufti returned with 140 quarts of Bar's Leak, half of which was poured into the condenser.
Derived words: muftiate
mufti day
Translations:
sharia
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Arabic شَارِع (šāriʕ)bor.
English sharia
Borrowed from Arabic شَارِع (šāriʕ).
Inflected forms:
form: sharias
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A street in Arabic-speaking countries.
pos: noun
examples: No little of Cairo’s popularity as a winter-resort is due to its many excellent Hotels: the chief being—Grand Continental, on the west side of the Esbekia between the Sharia Bulak and Sharia El-Moghrabi, with large terrace looking directly across the Sharia Kamel-Pasha (the chief modern thoroughfare) at the Gardens; Savoy (same management) at the Rond-point intersection of the Sharias Kasr-en-Nil and Suleiman-Pasha; D’Angleterre (also same management) quieter in Sharia El-Moghrabi, prettily situated […]
The principal Sharias, as they call their streets, and the ancient Muski Bazaars, have shed their Oriental grandeur where once were displayed rich Egyptian and Persian carpets and shawls from Baghdad; […]
The desperate, little streets opening off the great Sharias delve and wander in the protective darkness; […]
But what Omdurman does not have in its sprawling loose ends of architecture and unnamed streets, Khartoum has with its cleaner named streets and sharias.
After the gritty oppressions and smells of the day, jasmine scented the night air as we clipclopped in gharries down the sharias and around the midans in a city glamorous under the sapphire glow of black-out lamps.
[…] some of the streets mentioned in this book may go by a different title (here they are listed in both French and Arabic when necessary). Rues and avenues may become zanqats, derbs, or sharias.
Every sharia—every straight road—is four lanes wide and as neat as a pin.
Translations:
luminous
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French lumineus, from Latin lūminōsus.
Inflected forms:
form: more luminous
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most luminous
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: luminious
pos: adj
tags: alternative
uncommon
Senses:
gloss: Emitting light; glowing brightly; shining.
pos: adj
examples: The moon, which had been slowly ascending, now shone through an open space between the trees; and the rippling waters of the brook gave back her light in luminous vibrations.
The bonfire in his heart made luminous the rose-tan in his cheek.
When approaching the Laughead household, she claimed to have previously met Charles Laughead and to recently have experienced a mystical dream in which a mysterious, luminous man rescued her from a flood (Williams 1954).
gloss: Brightly illuminated.
pos: adj
gloss: Clear; enlightening; easy to understand.
pos: adj
examples: a luminous explanation
Related words: illuminate
lumic
luminal
Derived words: fast-evolving luminous transient
hyperluminous
luminosity
luminous energy
luminous flux
luminous intensity
luminously
luminousness
non-luminous
nonluminous
overluminous
radio-luminous
self-luminous
subluminous
superluminous
transient luminous event
ultraluminous
underluminous
unluminous
Translations:
causer
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English cause
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English causer
From cause + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: causers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: someone or something that causes or produces an effect.
pos: noun
Translations:
aux
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: auxes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: aux.
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The auxiliary audio connector of a sound system.
pos: noun
tags: slang
examples: Hey, pass the aux. I'll play some music from my phone.
BE AWARE, reverbs should be in the end of your chain, as sends to auxes. Setting them first doesn’t mean they will be first in the chain. You just set up the auxes, then get back to the vocal channel to add EQs, compressors, etc.
Translations:
eggnog
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: American English c. 1775 (although drinks like it are attested far earlier, e.g. posset, of which a monastic Christmas recipe used eggs), from egg + nog.
The second element is uncertain and long-debated; prominent claims include Norfolk dialect nog (“strong ale”), or a clipping of noggin (“small, carved wooden mug used to serve alcohol”) (q.v.). Another hypothesis is that it is a variant of grog (“rum-and-water cocktail”).
Compound parts: egg
nog
Inflected forms:
form: eggnogs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: egg nog
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A beverage based on milk, eggs, sugar, and nutmeg; often made alcoholic with rum, brandy, or whisky; popular at Christmas.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
dowdy
Part of speech: adj
noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: cooking
food
lifestyle
Etymology: First appears c. 1581. Origin uncertain, probably literally "little poorly dressed woman," formed from doue, "poorly dressed woman". Possibly also related to the Scots dow, meaning to "fade".
Inflected forms:
form: dowdier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: dowdiest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: dowdies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: dowdies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: dowdying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: dowdied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: dowdied
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: Plain and unfashionable in style or dress.
pos: adj
gloss: Lacking stylishness or neatness; shabby.
pos: adj
examples: [...she was] a perfect saint amongst women, but so dreadfully dowdy that she reminded one of a badly bound hymn-book.
Miss Marina Thompson, a distant cousin of my husband's. She's rather dowdy, is she not?
“Ha! Shagging a chair is quite odd.” “Its legs were very sexy. And I know how you are, so I expected a challenge. What did you turn into anyway?” “Oh, the dowdiest mortal woman. You should have seen it.” “Oh, I would have been all over that.” “I know!”
gloss: A plain or shabby person.
pos: noun
examples: Besides these, however, and the determined dowdies, women who either do not understand dress, or who will not be troubled with it, there are certainly many who, while always anxious to appear to the best advantage, are not wealthy enough to do so […]
“I knew there were women-dowdies in Bengal. They come up here sometimes. But I didn't know that there were men-dowds, too.”
The men are all dowdies and the women are all dandies, aren't they?
gloss: To press the crust into the filling during baking, to allow the juices to caramelize on top.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Topping the apples with squares of dough allowed steam to escape during baking, preventing the apples from overcooking. Dowdying the crust partway through created the dessert's sweet finish.
Derived words: dowd
dowdify
dowdily
dowdiness
dowdyish
dowdyism
Translations:
floating
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
human-sciences
linguistics
medicine
natural-sciences
pathology
sciences
veterinary
zoology
Etymology: By surface analysis, float + -ing.
Inflected forms:
form: floatings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: That floats or float.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: floating buoys
gloss: Not fixed in position, opinion etc.; free to move or drift.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: The outcome of the forthcoming election is still unclear due to the large number of floating voters.
In China, the large floating population has tended to gravitate to cities.
You can drag the floating toolbars to any position on the screen.
"And I am much mistaken if she has not some floating fancy of her own."
gloss: that is not attached to any consonant or vowel within its morpheme.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: The motion of something that floats.
pos: noun
gloss: Material that floats in a liquid.
pos: noun
tags: in-plural
examples: Plastic mud, brownish tinted, rich in floatings.
gloss: The spreading of plaster on the surface of walls.
pos: noun
gloss: A veterinary dental procedure involving the filing down of sharp surfaces on a horse's teeth.
pos: noun
Derived words: flixel
floating academy
floating beacon
floating bog
floating bridge
floating car data
floating cellular data
floating collar
floating dock
floating feeling
floating gold
floating ground
floating heart
floating island
floating kidney
floating light
floatingly
floating market
floating panel
floating point
floating-point
floating-point number
floating-point operation
floating point operation
floating point processor
floating-point unit
floating rate
floating rib
floating screed
floating signifier
floating tone
floating vote
floating voter
floating wind turbine
floating wood tile
free-floating planet
nonfloating
unfloating
Translations:
amidships
Part of speech: adv
intj
Morphological type: compound
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From amid + ships.
Compound parts: amid
ships
Inflected forms:
form: more amidships
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most amidships
pos: adv
tags: superlative
form: midships
pos: adv
tags: alternative
form: midships
pos: intj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: In the middle of a ship, either longitudinally or laterally.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
usually
examples: [The U-boat captain] waited until the crosshairs lay directly amidships.
Two more torpedoes were fired; one ran erratic; the second hit amidships.
The saloon, instead of being at the stern, according to the old method of construction, is placed more amidships.
The main cabin, most amidships, was 8 feet 3 inches broad …
gloss: Usually in the line of the keel, but sometimes halfway between bow and stern; often contracted to “midships.” (FM 55-501).
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
usually
gloss: On the flank, at a vulnerable place.
pos: adv
tags: figuratively
not-comparable
usually
examples: In stating that the Woosters never give up, I was in error. These words caught me amidships and took all the fighting spirit out of me, leaving me a spent force.
gloss: A helm order, normally shortened to midships!, to centre the helm in the line of the keel.
pos: intj
Translations:
ashore
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From a- + shore; see also onshore.
Base: shore
Affixes: a-
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: On the land as opposed to onboard.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: I shall no more to sea, to sea, / Here shall I die ashore—[…]
gloss: On, or towards the shore.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: The canoe sailed ashore.
Swum ashore, man, like a duck. I can swim like a duck, I'll be sworn.
Derived words: Jack ashore
Translations:
onboard
Part of speech: adj
adv
verb
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: arts
broadcasting
film
hobbies
lifestyle
media
photography
television
videography
Etymology: on + board, from on board (“phrase”), equivalent to on- + board.
Base: board
Affixes: on-
Inflected forms:
form: on-board
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: on-board
pos: adv
tags: alternative
form: onboards
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: onboarding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: onboarded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: onboarded
pos: verb
tags: past
form: on-board
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: onboards
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: on-board
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Carried or used on or in a vehicle or vessel.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: “We are aware that there has been an unauthorized release of video footage from flight deck cameras onboard USS Carl Vinson (CVN 70) of the F-35C Lightning II crash that occurred Jan. 24, in the South China Sea. There is an ongoing investigation into both the crash and the unauthorized release of the shipboard video footage,” Cmdr. Zach Harrell, spokesperson for Commander, Naval Air Forces, said in an email.
Swinging onto the Treherbert branch under the new OLE, the train's onboard Passenger Information Screens announce we have entered a 'no alcohol' zone. That doesn't seem to help, as some of the passengers who joined us earlier seem 'well oiled' already.
gloss: Being a part of, being included in, participating in.
pos: adj
tags: broadly
figuratively
not-comparable
examples: When it comes to security, everybody seems to be as onboard as I am.
James is onboard as a production manager.
gloss: On or in a vehicle or vessel; aboard; on board.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
gloss: To become a part of a group; (transitive) to incorporate (someone) into a group.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
examples: It's easiest to onboard and offboard employees if you have a checklist to follow.
gloss: To begin to use a product or service; to take (someone) on as a new customer of a product or service.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
gloss: A feed, video, image, etc., taken of a vehicle's situation, from a position that is on the vehicle.
pos: noun
Antonyms: offboard
Related words: take on board
Translations:
ville
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: government
military
politics
war
Etymology: From French ville. Doublet of vill and villa.
Inflected forms:
form: villes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A Vietnamese village.
pos: noun
tags: US
historical
examples: Once we fanned over a little ville that had just been airstruck and the words of a song by Wingy Manone that I’d heard when I was a few years old snapped into my head, “Stop the War, These Cats Is^([sic]) Killing Themselves.”
The fighting holes and trenches scattered in and around each ville indicate battle after battle - some only planned, others fought. We move toward a tree-lined ville.
On Halloween, this real hot spooky night, the dude paints up his body all different colors and puts on this weird mask and hikes over to a ville and goes trick-or-treating almost stark naked, just boots and balls and an M-16.
gloss: A town or village.
pos: noun
tags: rare
examples: Abᵗ 12, We left Sᵗ Malo & came to Hedé that night 9 Leagues (bayting onely at Sᵗ Pierre a pretty Ville) where we were well lodged & found Mʳ Macartie (Irlandois) the Curé.
Found my classmate Means at Amherst [Mass.]. . . . Amherst is a very pleasant little ville, but still and inactive. There is some very good land around it. There is no academic school in the place.
We made a long round back to vile,**^([sic]) and the night bein’ cold and windy I pulled the blyhunker†† hup under a wall and lit the darkey to sample the swag before goin’ any further—which I allus make a p’int o’ doin’.
[T]he gleam of the glow of the shine of the sun through the dearth of the dirth on the blush of the brick of the viled ville of Bamehulme has dust turned to brown; […]
When I’m asked by a stranger to spell the odd-sounding name of the town in which I say I live, I sometimes hear a snicker, and I get a questioning look. “Yes, Estherville!” I repeat. Why not? “Estherville”—the only one in the world. After all, if Robert Ridley had married someone other than Esther, this could have been Phoebeville, Lenaville, Kittyville, or Daisyville. Esther is a pretty name for a pretty ville, nestled along a meandering river under bluffs wooded by native oak, walnut, maples, and other dense timber.
Related words: -ville
Translations: