rough
Part of speech: adj
noun
verb
adv
Morphological type: simple
Topics: ball-games
boxing
cricket
games
government
hobbies
ice-hockey
lifestyle
martial-arts
military
politics
skating
sports
war
wrestling
Etymology: From Middle English rough, roughe, roȝe, row, rou, ru, ruȝ, ruh, from Old English rūg, rūh, from Proto-Germanic *rūhaz.
Cognate with Scots ruch, rouch (“rough”), Saterland Frisian ruuch, rouch (“rough”), West Frisian rûch (“rough”), Low German ruuch (“rough”), Dutch ruig (“rough”), German rau(h) (“rough”), Danish ru (“uneven on the surface, "rough", "rugged"”).
Inflected forms:
form: rougher
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: roughest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: ruff
pos: adj
tags: alternative
pronunciation-spelling
form: roughs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: ruff
pos: noun
tags: alternative
pronunciation-spelling
form: roughs
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: roughing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: roughed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: roughed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: ruff
pos: verb
tags: alternative
pronunciation-spelling
form: more rough
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most rough
pos: adv
tags: superlative
form: ruff
pos: adv
tags: alternative
pronunciation-spelling
Senses:
gloss: Not smooth; uneven.
pos: adj
examples: rough hands
rough stone
rough surface
The rock was one of those tremendously solid brown, or rather black, rocks which emerge from the sand like something primitive. Rough with crinkled limpet shells and sparsely strewn with locks of dry seaweed, a small boy has to stretch his legs far apart, and indeed to feel rather heroic, before he gets to the top.
gloss: Approximate; hasty or careless; not finished.
pos: adj
examples: a rough copy
a rough estimate
a rough guess
a rough plan
a rough sketch of a building
gloss: Turbulent.
pos: adj
examples: rough sea
rough water
rough weather
With my mother's permission and blessings, I set off exultantly for Bombay, leaving my wife with a baby of a few months. But on arrival there, friends told my brother that the Indian Ocean was rough in June and July, and as this was my first voyage, I should not be allowed to sail until November.
gloss: Difficult; trying.
pos: adj
examples: Being a teenager nowadays can be rough.
gloss: Crude; unrefined.
pos: adj
examples: His manners are a bit rough, but he means well.
gloss: Worn; shabby; weather-beaten.
pos: adj
examples: "You find us a bit rough," apologized the young man, with something of contempt towards his surroundings. "We weren't expecting visitors."
gloss: Having socio-economic problems, hence possibly dangerous.
pos: adj
examples: the rough bit of town
gloss: Violent; not careful or subtle.
pos: adj
examples: rough words
This box has been through some rough handling.
gloss: Loud and hoarse; offensive to the ear; harsh; grating.
pos: adj
examples: a rough tone
a rough voice
But most by Numbers judge a Poet's song, / And smooth or rough, with them
gloss: Not polished; uncut.
pos: adj
examples: a rough diamond
gloss: Harsh-tasting.
pos: adj
examples: rough wine
gloss: Somewhat ill; sick; in poor condition.
pos: adj
tags: Ireland
UK
colloquial
slang
gloss: Unwell due to alcohol; hungover.
pos: adj
tags: Ireland
UK
colloquial
slang
gloss: Of or relating to the rough breathing in the Greek language.
pos: adj
gloss: The unmowed part of a golf course.
pos: noun
gloss: A rude fellow; a coarse bully; a rowdy.
pos: noun
examples: In Wellington Street my brother met a couple of sturdy roughs, who had just rushed out of Fleet Street with still wet newspapers and staring placards. "Dreadful catastrophe!" they bawled one to the other down Wellington Street. "Fighting at Weybridge!"
gloss: A scuffed and roughened area of the pitch, where the bowler's feet fall, used as a target by spin bowlers because of its unpredictable bounce.
pos: noun
gloss: The raw material from which faceted or cabochon gems are created.
pos: noun
gloss: A quick sketch, similar to a thumbnail but larger and more detailed, used for artistic brainstorming.
pos: noun
gloss: Boisterous weather.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
examples: In calms you fish; in roughs use songs and dances.
gloss: A piece inserted in a horseshoe to keep the animal from slipping.
pos: noun
gloss: To create in an approximate form.
pos: verb
examples: Rough in the shape first, then polish the details.
On the floor, one beside the other, stood two amphoræ of veined marble-like limestone; one a huge vase 2 feet high and more than 6 feet round, finished and perfect, with two splendid spiral bands; and the other a smaller vase, of the same type, but only just roughed out of the block.
gloss: To break the rules by being excessively violent.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: […] roughing is not a part of the sport, and will not be tolerated. Referees will not permit unfair practices that may cause injury to a contestant, and are held strictly responsible for enforcing these rules.
gloss: To commit the offense of roughing, i.e. to punch another player.
pos: verb
gloss: To render rough; to roughen.
pos: verb
gloss: To break in (a horse, etc.), especially for military purposes.
pos: verb
examples: To Rough Horses, a word in familiar use among the dragoons to signify the act of breaking in horses, so as to adapt them to military purposes.
gloss: To endure primitive conditions.
pos: verb
examples: to rough it
“[…]Oh, but my husband is never so happy as when he is travelling. He likes roughing it. . . . My husband. . . . My husband. . . .”
I was able to help Trudy set up camp and everything else, of course there are different ways to camp the usual comfortable way or roughed we of course roughed it and I did my best to keep warm.
gloss: To roughen a horse's shoes to keep the animal from slipping.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: In a rough manner; rudely; roughly.
pos: adv
examples: I will warrant they prove such roaring boys as I knew when I served under Lumford and Goring, [...] —sleeping rough on the trenches, and dying stubbornly in their boats. Ah! those merry days are gone.
Synonyms: abrasive
asperous
coarse
gimped
harsh
irregular
jagged
jaggy
rough
rugged
rugose
salebrous
scabrous
scraggy
shagged
squarrose
uneven
unsmooth
Antonyms: even
polished
smooth
velvety
Related words: rough-hewn
Derived words: cut up rough
dog rough
have a rough time of it
have it rough
in rough
in the rough
lie rough
live rough
macrorough
microrough
nanorough
nonrough
oak rough bulletgall wasp
overrough
rough and ready
rough-and-ready
rough and tumble
rough around the edges
rough-backed litter snake
rough bedstraw
rough bent
rough bentgrass
rough bluegrass
rough-book
rough book
rough breathing
roughcast
roughcaster
rough collie
Rough Common
rough cut
rough diamond
rough-draw
rough draw
roughdrawn
rough-dressed
roughdry
rough-edged
rough edges
rough end of the pineapple
rough endoplasmic reticulum
rough fish
rough-footed
rough-footed mud turtle
rough-grained
rough hawksbeard
roughhead
rough-hew
rough-hewer
rough-hewn
rough horsetail
rough-hound
rough house
rough-house
roughhouse
roughie
roughish
rough justice
rough-leaf false vervain
roughleg
rough-legged
rough-legged buzzard
rough-legged hawk
rough lemon
roughly
rough music
roughneck
roughness
rough number
roughometer
rough patch
rough perfect
rough pump
rough ride
roughrider
rough rider
Rough Riders
roughriding
roughscuff
rough service light
rough shark
roughshod
rough slant
rough sledding
rough sleeper
rough sleeping
roughsome
roughspun
roughstock
rough string
rough stuff
roughtail
rough talk
rough-toothed dolphin
rough trade
rough trot
rough up the bullpen
rough vacuum
roughwing
rough-winged swallow
roughwork
roughy
ruffmans
take the rough with the smooth
the rough side of one's tongue
tommy rough
unrough
bit of rough
diamond in the rough
putt from the rough
rough-and-tumble
rough in
rough it
rough out
rough up
Translations: