yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
catalase
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From catalysis + -ase.
Affixes: -ase
Inflected forms:
form: catalases
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An enzyme found in the liver that catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
oldish
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English old
Proto-Indo-European *-iskos
Proto-Germanic *-iskaz
Proto-West Germanic *-isk
Old English -isċ
Middle English -ish
English -ish
English oldish
From old + -ish.
Inflected forms:
form: more oldish
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most oldish
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: somewhat old
pos: adj
Translations:
old-line
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From old + line (“stated positions of a political or religious group”). Attested from the 19th century, originally in the United States.
Compound parts: old
line
Inflected forms:
form: more old-line
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most old-line
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Reactionary or conservative.
pos: adj
examples: I am deliberately convinced that Mr. Filmore has not the least chance of success, and that if it be at all possible to defeat Fremont, the Democratic party, with their candidates Buchanan and Breckinridge, with the aid of the Union-loving Old-line Whigs, is the only party which has the least chance to do so.
gloss: Long-established.
pos: adj
examples: One of the old line insurance companies said to me recently, that they never made anything out of their underwriting business, but made their profit out of the investments of the reserved fund
Gay alcoholism in the Boston area has come out of its closet. Here and across the nation increasing numbers of us are working for the time when gay alcoholics will no longer be subjected to the discrimination and indignities that characterized old-line treatment programs until now.
I also started reading a great deal about Internet transactions and the impact of the Web on more old-line businesses
Translations:
oldness
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English oldnesse, from Old English ealdnes, ealdnyss (“oldness; age”), equivalent to old + -ness.
Base: old
Affixes: -ness
Inflected forms:
form: oldnesses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of being old; age.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: This policy and reverence of age makes the world bitter to the best of our times; keeps our fortunes from us till our oldness cannot relish them.
But now we are delivered from the law, that being dead wherein we were held; that we should serve in newness of spirit, and not in the oldness of the letter.
1795, Testimony at the trial of Sarah Sims for grand larceny at the Old Bailey, London, 20 May, 1795,
I know it to be the property that the child wore at the time that I missed her, by the oldness of it, and the mending of it. I have not the least doubt about it.
[…] once away from the familiar implications of home, they were two men together. Ted was young only in his assumption of oldness, and the only realms, apparently, in which Babbitt had a larger and more grown-up knowledge than Ted’s were the details of real estate and the phrases of politics.
Antonyms: newness
Translations:
oligarchic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Late Latin oligarchicus, from Ancient Greek ὀλιγαρχικός (oligarkhikós). By surface analysis, oligarch + -ic.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to oligarchy.
pos: adj
Translations:
oligarchical
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Ancient Greek ὀλιγαρχικός (oligarkhikós) + -al. By surface analysis, oligarch + -ical.
Affixes: -al
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Oligarchic.
pos: adj
examples: Yes, please tell me how Shillary is the nicest corporate oligarchical servant, and how she will lovingly sell out the people who voted for her to her banker masters, with a twinkle in her fellating eye.
Translations:
once-over
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From the idea of going over something once.
Inflected forms:
form: once-overs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: once over
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A quick clean or polish.
pos: noun
examples: I gave the room a once-over with the mop.
gloss: A cursory inspection or survey.
pos: noun
examples: My GP gave me the once-over and said it was merely a cold.
I'll give it a once-over for free, but a proper look will cost you.
The girls sat there while the johns (customers) moped around giving them the once-over.
The dear old room was just as I'd left it, nothing changed, and my first move, of course, was to procure another chair and give the top of the armoire the once-over. It was a set-back to find that the cow-creamer wasn't there.
Giving the wench the once-over as she entered, I found myself well able to understand why Bobbie on observing her entangled with [her fiancé] had exploded with so loud a report.
He gave her the once-over, hooked with his foot a swivel chair from the next desk and rolled it over for her.
Related words: look-see
spot check
Translations:
one-of-a-kind
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more one-of-a-kind
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most one-of-a-kind
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: one of a kind
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: one-of-a-kinds
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: one of a kind
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Unique, singular, sui generis.
pos: adj
tags: idiomatic
examples: One of a kind love affair is / When your down is up / When your up is down / But love stays around / And when you know you're right / But you got to make / A little sacrifice / You make it for love / Whoa, yeah
gloss: A unique example.
pos: noun
tags: idiomatic
examples: Today, though, most artists create at least some one-of-a-kind dolls, and many create nothing but one-of-a-kinds.
Translations:
one-on-one
Part of speech: adj
adv
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: hobbies
lifestyle
mathematics
sciences
sports
Inflected forms:
form: one-on-ones
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Involving direct communication or competition between two people.
pos: adj
tags: Australia
Canada
US
not-comparable
examples: Such one-on-one “swearing contests” are routinely decided in favor of law enforcement officers, but in this case the district court sided with the accused bank robber.
gloss: Involving one attacker and one defender.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: After several near misses, Van Persie finally reached three figures by turning in Walcott's cross before Jaaskelainen saved from Walcott when one-on-one.
Swedish striker Isak was also foiled by Ortega in a one-on-one opportunity shortly before half-time. If converted, that may have put the game beyond City's reach.
gloss: bijective or injective
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: In a one-on-one manner.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: He was willing to go one-on-one with the District Attorney himself.
gloss: A contest involving only one player on each side, especially of an activity often involving teams.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Why don't we play a little one-on-one until the others show up.
Synonyms: one-to-one
Translations:
hobgoblin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From hob (“elf”, from Hob, a variant of Rob, short for Robin Goodfellow, an elf in Germanic folklore) + goblin.
Base: hob
Inflected forms:
form: hobgoblins
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A small, ugly goblin that makes trouble for humans.
pos: noun
examples: A M. Berbiguier lately published an elaborate work, in three huge volumes, in which he demonstrated the existence of hobgoblins, described the proper manner of capturing and securing them, and took credit to himself for his zeal for the benefit of mankind, in allowing no day to pass without imprisoning, with his own hands, at least thirty hobgoblins. A writer of biographical notices of contemporary authors, who believed neither in M. Berbiguier's manner of catching hobgoblins nor in the existence of hobgoblins did not scruple to say that M. Berbiguier was mad, and upon this M. Berbiguier brought his action for libel; but unluckily, together with his action, he brought himself into Court, and established in a very few words the truth of the libel.
The eyes blinked out and he heard a faint grunt, followed by the sounds of the Hobgoblin scrambling further back into the tunnel, away from the faint sunlight and the Ur'hunglav's domain.
The monster goes unrecognized because he looks like a harmless, pudgy nobody rather than like a hobgoblin. But he reveals his hobgoblin nature through music.
gloss: A source of dread, fear or apprehension; a bugbear.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
figuratively
examples: A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines. With consistency a great soul has simply nothing to do.
Under "Fallacies of Danger," then, is listed the subhead of "The Hobgoblin Argument, or, No Innovation, in which the hobgoblin in question is anarchy; which tremendous spectre has for its forerunner the monster innovation." A hot button like this would presumably elicit a visceral response even from Hamilton whose aversion to the hobgoblin of parliamentary reform was apparently his sole unreasoning reflex.
However, the public seems to have been able to retain much of its sense of alarm about internal attacks even when the al-Qaeda hobgoblin doesn't actually carry any out.
Synonyms: goblin
Derived words: a foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds
hobgoblinish
hobgoblinism
hobgoblinry
Translations:
cloacal
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English cloaca
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English cloacal
From cloaca + -al.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to the cloaca
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: And it is our cloacal obsession which produces the hysterical hygiene ads […]
Translations:
solemnize
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English solempnisen, from Old French solemnisier, from Medieval Latin solemnizare, from Latin solemnis.
Inflected forms:
form: solemnizes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: solemnizing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: solemnized
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: solemnized
pos: verb
tags: past
form: solemnise
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To make solemn, or official, through ceremony or legal act.
pos: verb
tags: US
transitive
examples: The couple chose to solemnize their relationship in a secular ceremony, instead of having a wedding.
He now is gone to pꝛooue Coſmography, / And as I gueſſe, wil firſt ariue at Rome, / To ſee the Pope, and manner of his court, / And take ſome part of holy Peters feaſt, / That to this day is highly ſolemnizd.
Saint Luke declaring how Peter ſtood vp in the midſt of his Diſciples, did thereby deliuer an vnchangeable rule, that whatſoeuer is done in the Church ought to be done in the midſt of the church, and therefore not Baptiſme to be adminiſtred in one place, Mariage ſolemnized in an other, […]
[…] Upon the heads of all who ſate beneath, / Lords, Ladies, Captains, Councellors, or Prieſts, / Thir choice nobility and flower, not only / Of this but each Philiſtian City round / Met from all parts to ſolemnize this Feaſt.
The great mysteries solemnised at Eleusis.
gloss: To make grave, serious, and reverential.
pos: verb
examples: September 27, 1873, John Campbell Shairp, "Wordsworth's Three Yarrows", in Every Saturday
Wordsworth was solemnized and elevated by this his first look on Yarrow.
Every Israelite […] arose, solemnized his face, looked towards Jerusalem […] and prayed.
Derived words: resolemnize
solemnizable
solemnizer
unsolemnize
Translations:
ticket-of-leave
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: tickets-of-leave
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: ticket of leave
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A permit once granted to convicts allowing them to leave prison under certain circumstances; used especially of convicts transported to the British colonies
pos: noun
examples: 1893:The prosecutrix was the wife of a ticket-of-leave man, named Daniel Jackson, and she was also separated from her husband, and lived for some time with a man named Clarke, who died on the day before the alleged robbery was committed. Clarke left a will bequeathing all his property to the prosecutrix, who, immediately on his death, possessed herself of sixty pound in money which was in his box, which she rolled up and placed in her bosom. Prosecutrix shortly after missed the money but could not account how it had parted from her, and the warrant for £30, and bank-note for £20, laid in the indictment, was part of the money so lost. The prosecutrix admitted, that both before, at the time, and some time after she missed the money, she was overcome with grief and brandy, but she could not say which of these acted most strongly. R v Smith. https://web.archive.org/web/20060918213824/http://www.law.mq.edu.au/scnsw/Cases1838-39/html/r_v_smith__no_2___1839.htm
And as they sat snuggled up together at the far end of the table, talking to one another in low voices, and staring at me from time to time as if I had been a ticket-of-leave man who had got in by crashing the gate and might be expected, unless carefully watched, to pocket a spoon or two, it was not long before I, too, left.
Translations:
fundie
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Clipping of fundamentalist + -ie.
Inflected forms:
form: fundies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: fundy
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A fundamentalist Christian.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
slang
examples: Some fundies are picketing at the capitol.
gloss: A religious fundamentalist of any faith.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
derogatory
slang
examples: He's a Jewish fundie, keeps everything really kosher.
Translations:
allelopathic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English allelo-
Ancient Greek πάσχω (páskhō)der.
Ancient Greek πᾰ́θος (pắthos)
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English -pathic
English allelopathic
From allelo- + -pathic.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: relating to an allelopathy
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
allelopathy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English allelo-
Ancient Greek πάσχω (páskhō)der.
Ancient Greek πᾰ́θος (pắthos)
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Italic *-ios
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -ia
Old French -ieder.
Middle English -ie
Middle English -y
English -y
English -pathy
English allelopathy
From allelo- + -pathy.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: The release by a plant of a toxin to suppress growth of nearby competing plants.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
resaca
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Spanish resaca, probably from resacar (“retake”), though possibly from rio seco (“dry river”) instead.
Inflected forms:
form: resacas
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A dry river bed, a former channel of the Rio Grande, found in the southern half of Cameron County, Texas and deep into northeastern portions of the State of Tamaulipas, Mexico.
pos: noun
examples: The road lay over dark resacas and running streams, where volcanic rocks rose above each other^([sic]), and every detour might have been made a fortress.
Here and there along the river-bottom, or along the sloughs or “resacas” are found, as Mr. Schwarz has elsewhere stated, “isolated stripes of larger or smaller extent, covered with a dense forest having a thick undergrowth of varied shrubbery and a rich vegetation of lower plants, the like of which is not seen in any other place in southwestern Texas.”
A resaca is an old river channel that was probably cut off by an overflow scouring out a new and more direct course. Some of them were originally short loops in the river, but others are many miles in extent. Their top width varies from about 150 to 350 feet and their depth from 4 or 5 to 20 feet.
Where resacas (a “resaca” is an old abandoned river channel sometimes many miles in extent) have been used for storage purposes for several years, seepage almost invariably appears within the area of the more pervious soils.
At 10 p. m., two miles west of Brownsville, in a resaca, found these frogs in small bushes, in weedy clumps, and even grassy tangles in overflowed tomato field adjoining the overflowed resaca.
Even the springs at Carrizo are barely flowing; it is said this is a result of the irrigation. The resacas have all gone dry.
gloss: A small body of water.
pos: noun
tags: Texas
Related words: meander
oxbow
oxbow lake
Translations:
unhealthful
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Germanic *un-
Proto-West Germanic *un-
Old English un-
Middle English un-
English un-
English healthful
English unhealthful
From un- + healthful.
Inflected forms:
form: more unhealthful
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most unhealthful
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Not promoting health; detrimental to health.
pos: adj
examples: An unhealthful diet and lack of exercise are common causes for heart disease.
Translations:
astonishingly
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English astonishing
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English astonishingly
From astonishing + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more astonishingly
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most astonishingly
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In an astonishing manner; so as to surprise or astonish.
pos: adv
examples: Famous hotels, for instance, are astonishingly commonplace.
gloss: Very; remarkably used as an intensifier.
pos: adv
examples: The advertisements made the place look promising, but the food was astonishingly bad.
“Republican frontrunner Donald Trump used a campaign stop in Michigan on Monday to make astonishingly sexist attacks against Democratic frontrunner Hillary Clinton,” the left-leaning ThinkProgress wrote.
Translations:
preposterously
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English preposterous
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English preposterously
From preposterous + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more preposterously
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most preposterously
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In a preposterous manner.
pos: adv
examples: Some, however, have preposterously sisted nature as the first or generative principle.
The opening sections of Martin’s biography are clogged with genealogical chronicles of the Garcías (the father’s family) and the Márquezes (the mother’s), snaking into the 19th century — a preposterously tangled story of cousins and noncousins united in wedlock, nonwedlock, near-incest, vendetta-mania and frontier trailblazing in the Colombian wilds[…]
Translations:
Afroasiatic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin Āfri
Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-)der.
Latin -o-bor.
English -o-
English Afro-
Ancient Greek Ἀσίᾱ (Asíā)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Ancient Greek -τις (-tis)
Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Ancient Greek -κός (-kós)
?
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Hellenic *-tós
Ancient Greek -τος (-tos)
▲
Ancient Greek -κός (-kós)
?
Ancient Greek -τικός (-tikós)
Ancient Greek Ἀσῐᾱτῐκός (Asĭātĭkós)der.
Latin āsiāticuslbor.
English Asiatic
English Afroasiatic
From Afro- + Asiatic.
Inflected forms:
form: Afro-Asiatic
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or being a language family spoken in northern Africa and southwest Asia, and including Berber, Chadic, Cushitic, Egyptian, Semitic, and possibly Omotic languages.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
upregulation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English up-
English regulation
English upregulation
From up- + regulation.
Inflected forms:
form: upregulations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The process, in the regulation of gene expression, in which the number, or activity of receptors increases in order to increase sensitivity.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
stockfish
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English stokfissh, stokfysch, from Middle Dutch stocvisch and/or Middle Low German stokvisch (“stick fish”), because the fish are dried on sticks or poles. Equivalent to stock + fish.
Base: stock
Inflected forms:
form: stockfishes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: stockfish
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: stock-fish
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: stokvis
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: stockphyshe
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Cod (or similar fish) having been cut open and cured in the open air without salt.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: So the Prior of Saint Botolph’s hobbled back again into the refectory, to preside over the stockfish and ale, which was just serving out for the friars’ breakfast.
We saw the codfish here in all the stages of preparation for the table and the market; the stockfish, dried in the open air, without salt; crapefish, salted and pressed
The Spanish Basque city of Bilbao, with its ironworks providing the anchors and other metal fittings for Europe’s ships, was one of the ports that grew with the boom in shipbuilding created by the cod trade. According to historian Samuel Eliot Morison, at no time in history, not even during World War II, has there ever been such a demand for replacement of sunken ships as between 1530 and 1600. European ambition was simply too far ahead of technology, and until better ships and better navigation were developed, shipwrecks and disappearances were a regular part of this new adventure. In this rapidly expanding commercial world, the British had one great disadvantage over the French, Spanish, and Portuguese: They had only a modest supply of salt. Most northern countries lacked salt and simply produced winter fish that was dried without salting. It was called stockfish, from the Dutch word stok, meaning “pole,” because the fish were tied in pairs by the tail and hung over poles to dry, as is still done out on the lava fields of Iceland every winter. But the English wanted to produce a year-round supply of cod for a growing market, and since neither the North Sea nor Iceland was cold enough for drying fish in the summer, they became dependent on salting. Some fish were simply sold salted and undried, which became known as “green” not because of the color but because it was considered a more natural state than dried fish. But in an attempt to conserve their limited salt, the British invented a product that was to be favored in Mediterranean and Caribbean markets for centuries: a lightly salted dried cod. The Norwegians called it terranova fisk, Newfoundland fish, but later used the name klipfisk, [literally] rockfish, because it was dried on rocky coasts. As green and salted-and-dried fish became available, they were preferred to the unsalted stockfish and brought substantially higher prices.
Translations:
downregulation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English down-
English regulation
English downregulation
From down- + regulation.
Inflected forms:
form: downregulations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The suppression of a response to a stimulus
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The process, in the regulation of gene expression, in which the number, or activity of receptors decreases in order to decrease sensitivity
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: upregulation
Translations:
leatherjacket
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From leather + jacket.
Compound parts: leather
jacket
Inflected forms:
form: leatherjackets
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The larva of certain crane flies.
pos: noun
gloss: Any of several brightly coloured tropical fishes, of the family Balistidae, including the filefish and the triggerfish; leatherfish.
pos: noun
gloss: Any of several Atlantic fishes, of the genus Oligoplites, that have a leathery skin; leatherjack.
pos: noun
gloss: grey gum (Eucalyptus punctata).
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
Related words: leathercloth
leathercoat
straitjacket
yellowjacket
Derived words: smooth leatherjacket
velvet leatherjacket
Translations:
surgeonfish
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From surgeon + fish.
Compound parts: surgeon
fish
Inflected forms:
form: surgeonfishes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: surgeonfish
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of many species of reef-dwelling fishes, most of them brightly coloured, of the family Acanthuridae. They bear erectile, scalpel-like, dangerously sharp spines on either side of the caudal peduncle.
pos: noun
Translations:
Quincy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: A Norman surname of Old French origin, from a place name Quincy or Quincey in France, ultimately from Latin Quintus (“fifth [born]”).
Use in reference to toilets derives from President John Quincy Adams, who was the first to have one installed at the White House.
Inflected forms:
form: Quincies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A kind of dry white wine made from Sauvignon blanc grapes grown near Quincy in the Loire valley.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: A toilet: a fixture for urination and defecation, particularly (humorous) as a personification of the device.
pos: noun
tags: US
euphemistic
obsolete
slang
uncountable
usually
examples: I'll be right back. I need to go visit Quincy.
Translations:
cinchona
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: medicine
sciences
Etymology: From New Latin cinchona, from Spanish Chinchón. Named by Carl Linnaeus after Ana de Osorio, 4th Countess of Chinchón (1599–1625), the wife of the Spanish Viceroy of Peru, who was allegedly cured of a fever by the bark.
Inflected forms:
form: cinchonas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: chinchona
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: chincona
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A tree or shrub of the genus Cinchona, native to the Andes in South America but since widely cultivated in Indonesia and India as well for its medicinal bark.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: He seems to have collected plants of every kind - sugar-cane, coffee, cinchona, cocoa, indigo, and many others - and thus demonstrates beyond a doubt that Arnheim's Land will not prove herself behind the rest of the tropical world both in planting and agriculture, when the labour question is settled, and a properly-arranged coolie system enables planters to give the country a proper trial.
German chemists were the first to isolate pure drug chemicals from herbal medicines, with the isolation of morphine from crude opium in 1803 and quinine from the bark of the cinchona tree in 1820.
gloss: The bark of these plants, which yield quinine and other alkaloids useful in reducing fevers and particularly in combatting malaria.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Any medicine chiefly composed of the prepared bark of these plants.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: cinchonaceae
cinchonaceous
cinchonamine
cinchonate
cinchonia
cinchonic
cinchonic acid
cinchonicia
cinchonicine
cinchonic red
cinchonidia
cinchonidine
Derived words: cinchonal
cinchona red
cinchonise
cinchonism
cinchonize
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: хининова кора
roman: hininova kora
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 金雞納樹皮 /金鸡纳树皮
roman: jīnjīnà shùpí
lang: Esperanto
word: kinkono
lang: Finnish
word: kiinapuun kuori
lang: French
word: herbe des jésuites
lang: German
word: Chinarinde
lang: Hindi
word: कुनैन
roman: kunain
lang: Portuguese
word: quina
lang: Russian
word: хи́на
roman: xína
lang: Russian
word: хи́нная ко́рка
roman: xínnaja kórka
lang: Russian
word: хи́нная кора́
roman: xínnaja korá
lang: Russian
word: хи́нная насто́йка
roman: xínnaja nastójka
lang: Spanish
word: cascarilla
lang: Spanish
word: chinchona
lang: Spanish
word: quina
lang: Spanish
word: quinaquina
lang: Spanish
word: quino
lang: Spanish
word: corteza de quino
lang: Turkish
word: kinin lapası
lang: Turkish
word: Cizvit merhemi
lang: Welsh
word: rhisgl yr India
lang: Welsh
word: rhisgl Periw
cincture
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: architecture
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin cingō
Proto-Indo-European *-tew-?
Proto-Indo-European *-r-eh₂?
Latin -tūra
Latin cinctūralbor.
English cincture
Learned borrowing from Latin cinctūra. Cognate with Spanish cintura (“waist”). Doublet of ceinture.
Inflected forms:
form: cinctures
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cinctures
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: cincturing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: cinctured
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: cinctured
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An enclosure, or the act of enclosing, encircling or encompassing
pos: noun
gloss: A girdle or belt, especially as part of a vestment
pos: noun
examples: In one, dated eighteen years ago, he appeared, wearing only sandals and a cincture of vine leaves, between two classical garden statues.
gloss: The fillet, listel, or band next to the apophyge at the extremity of the shaft of a column.
pos: noun
gloss: To encircle, or surround.
pos: verb
gloss: To girdle (stunt or kill by cutting).
pos: verb
Derived words: encincture
Translations:
cinematographer
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: broadcasting
cinematography
film
media
television
Etymology: From cinematograph + -er.
Base: cinematograph
Affixes: -er
Inflected forms:
form: cinematographers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A photographer who oversees the operations of the cameras and lighting when making a film. The cinematographer may also double as the camera operator of the movie camera, though this is usually done by a cameraman. The film director may also double as the cinematographer, though this is usually a different person.
pos: noun
gloss: One who exhibits motion pictures; a projectionist.
pos: noun
tags: dated
examples: It is what the spectator sees, not reads, that leaves the lasting impression. The best plan is to have the cinematographer call in order to determine the details to be covered.
Synonyms: cinematographist
Translations:
lang: Belarusian
word: кінематаграфі́ст
roman: kinjematahrafíst
lang: Belarusian
word: кінематаграфі́стка
roman: kinjematahrafístka
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 電影攝影師 /电影摄影师
roman: diànyǐngshèyǐngshī
lang: Danish
word: filmfotograf
lang: Esperanto
word: ĉefkameraisto
lang: Esperanto
word: kameraistino
lang: Finnish
word: elokuvaaja
lang: Finnish
word: kuvaaja
lang: French
word: directeur de la photographie
lang: French
word: directeur photo
lang: French
word: chef opérateur
lang: French
word: cheffe opératrice
lang: French
word: directrice de la photographie
lang: French
word: directrice photo
lang: German
word: Kameramann
lang: German
word: Kamerafrau
lang: Hungarian
word: operatőr
lang: Japanese
word: 撮影監督
roman: satsuei kantoku
lang: Romanian
word: cineast
lang: Romanian
word: cineastă
lang: Russian
word: кинематографи́ст
roman: kinematografíst
lang: Russian
word: кинематографи́стка
roman: kinematografístka
lang: Ukrainian
word: кінематографі́ст
roman: kinematohrafíst
lang: Ukrainian
word: кінематографі́стка
roman: kinematohrafístka
cinematographic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From cinematograph + -ic.
Base: cinematograph
Affixes: -ic
Inflected forms:
form: more cinematographic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most cinematographic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: of or pertaining to cinematography
pos: adj
Translations:
circuital
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English circuit
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
English -al
English circuital
From circuit + -al.
Inflected forms:
form: more circuital
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most circuital
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to a circuit.
pos: adj
Translations:
circuitously
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English circuitous
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English circuitously
From circuitous + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more circuitously
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most circuitously
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In a circuitous manner; following a circuitous route.
pos: adv
examples: I encountered a couple of hungry-looking dogs, but both hurried circuitously away from the advances I made them.
For instance: I raised, as a problem, my difficulty in finishing my book, in writing without a deadline. I raised it at length, circuitously, with emotion.
Translations:
circularity
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English circular
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ts
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts
Latin -itāsder.
Old French -itebor.
Middle English -ite
English -ity
English circularity
From circular + -ity.
Inflected forms:
form: circularities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of being circular.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: A circular object, form or argument.
pos: noun
tags: countable
Derived words: cocircularity
epistemic circularity
metacircularity
Translations:
circularize
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English circular
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.
Late Latin -izōder.
Middle French -iserbor.
Middle English -isen
English -ize
English circularize
From circular + -ize.
Inflected forms:
form: circularizes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: circularizing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: circularized
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: circularized
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To publicize something by publishing and distributing circulars.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To distribute a circular or circulars to.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Mr and Mrs Aloysius Kirby announce the marriage of their daughter Katherine – I knew neither the girl nor the man she was marrying. They must be circularizing the town.
gloss: To canvass opinion by using a questionnaire.
pos: verb
gloss: To make (something) circular in shape.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Derived words: circularizable
circularization
circularizer
decircularize
recircularize
Translations:
circulatory
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: From French circulatoire, from Latin circulatorius.
Inflected forms:
form: circulatories
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to a circulation, especially to the circulatory system.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: circulatory diseases
circulatory organs
gloss: Circular; going round.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: a circulatory letter
gloss: A vessel with two portions unequally exposed to heat, and with connecting pipes or passages, through which the fluid rises from the overheated portion, and descends from the relatively colder, maintaining a circulation.
pos: noun
Derived words: cardiocirculatory
cerebrocirculatory
circulatory shock
circulatory system
dyscirculatory
macrocirculatory
microcirculatory
neurocirculatory
noncirculatory
procirculatory
recirculatory
Translations:
circumferential
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more circumferential
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most circumferential
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to a circumference.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Circuitous, indirect or roundabout.
pos: adj
Derived words: circumferentially
microcircumferential
noncircumferential
Translations:
circumstantially
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English circumstantial
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English circumstantially
From circumstantial + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more circumstantially
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most circumstantially
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: in a circumstantial manner
pos: adv
gloss: In respect to circumstances; not essentially; accidentally.
pos: adv
examples: Of the fancy and intellect, the powers are only circumstantially different.
gloss: In every circumstance or particular; minutely.
pos: adv
examples: To set down somewhat circumstantially, not only the events, but the manner of my trials.
Translations:
paj
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: A lighter form of pongee silk.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
taxed
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more taxed
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most taxed
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Subject to taxation.
pos: adj
Antonyms: untaxed
Translations:
scanned
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more scanned
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most scanned
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Converted to a digital format using a scanner.
pos: adj
gloss: Seen, looked at.
pos: adj
Related words: scanned-in
Derived words: nonscanned
unscanned
Translations:
deerskin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From deer + skin.
Compound parts: deer
skin
Inflected forms:
form: deerskins
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: deer-skin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Leather made from deer hide.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: The moccasin maker had a pile of deerskin on the table, waiting to be cut out.
Nichole wore a pair of deerskin gloves because she said she could feel more through them.
gloss: The hide, whether tanned or not, of one deer.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: The hunter exchanged twenty deerskins for a bottle of whiskey at the trading post.
gloss: An article of clothing manufactured from deerskin. Often constructed in the plural.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: The trapper wore deerskins because they were softer than cow leather garments and rustled less than canvas.
Related words: buckskin
doeskin
Translations:
doeskin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From doe + skin.
Compound parts: doe
skin
Inflected forms:
form: doeskins
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Leather from the skin of a female deer or sheep.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: He was dressed in shirt of doeskin, / White and soft, and fringed with ermine, / All inwrought with beads of wampum...
A long knife was in the doeskin belt that supported the doeskin skirt tightly about her lithe limbs.
gloss: The hide of a doe, as opposed to a buck.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Frequently, doeskins had a higher value in trade than the skins of bucks, as they were considered of finer quality.
gloss: A glove made of doeskin leather.
pos: noun
tags: countable
in-plural
examples: Elizabeth accidentally left her doeskins on the pew at Sunday service.
gloss: A very soft, close-napped fabric, especially of high quality.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: In the morning Mr. Logan wore a doeskin box coat with pearl buttons nearly as large as alarm clocks in two rows on it.
Translations:
defacement
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: government
heraldry
history
hobbies
human-sciences
lifestyle
monarchy
nobility
politics
sciences
vexillology
Etymology: Etymology tree
English deface
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom
Proto-Italic *-mentom
Latin -mentum
Old French -mentbor.
Middle English -ment
English -ment
English defacement
From deface + -ment.
Inflected forms:
form: defacements
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An act of defacing; an instance of visibly marring or disfiguring something.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Some consider the defacement of the Sphinx to be the most egregious crime of Napolean's campaigns.
gloss: An act of voiding or devaluing; nullification of the face value.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The soldiers found a variety of creative uses for their payment scrip after its defacement to scrap paper; some used it as toilet paper.
gloss: A symbol added to a flag or coat of arms to change it or make it different from another.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
planter
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English plant
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English planter
From plant + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: planters
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who plants something.
pos: noun
examples: She didn't use any magic truth serums, nor did she suggest hypnotherapy, but barring this, she personified the greatest enemy of the False Memory Syndrome Foundation — an evil planter of false memories.
De Rocco, the compulsive rose planter, had surreptitiously placed the rose there.
Chelmsford station is looking smarter after the local Community Rail Partnership and Rotary Club members installed 12 large planters on the platforms.
gloss: One who plants something.
pos: noun
tags: historical
gloss: One who plants something.
pos: noun
gloss: A box or pot for plants to be planted in, usually large and standing on the floor.
pos: noun
gloss: A machine for planting seeds or transplants.
pos: noun
Derived words: church planter
planter box
planterful
planterly
plantership
planter's wart
Translations:
lang: Swedish
word: såningsman
dehumidify
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *de
Proto-Indo-European *-h₁
Proto-Indo-European *déh₁
Proto-Italic *dē
Latin dē
Latin dē-der.
English de-
Latin ūmidus
Latin hūmidusder.
Old French humideder.
English humid
Latin -i-
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-der.
Proto-Italic *-fakāō
Latin -ficō
Latin -ificāreder.
Old French -ifierbor.
Middle English -ifien
English -ify
English dehumidify
From de- + humid + -ify.
Inflected forms:
form: dehumidifies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: dehumidifying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: dehumidified
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: dehumidified
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To reduce the moisture in a body of air; to lower the humidity.
pos: verb
examples: Many air conditioners, in addition to reducing the temperature, also dehumidify the air.
The air-handling equipment humidifies, dehumidifies, and distributes the correct amount of fresh air into every zone and eliminates all smoke, dust, and odors, with electric precipitrons.
[...] the compressor and condenser units of the refrigeration apparatus, which cools and de-humidifies the air entering the cars, are underframe-mounted, with evaporator units in the ceiling, [...].
Antonyms: humidify
Translations:
defacing
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: defacings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: defacement
pos: noun
Translations:
dethroning
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: dethronings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The removal of a ruler from the throne.
pos: noun
Translations:
cirrhotic
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more cirrhotic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most cirrhotic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: cirrhotics
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or suffering from cirrhosis.
pos: adj
gloss: A person who has cirrhosis.
pos: noun
Translations:
citified
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more citified
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most citified
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Characteristic of the sophisticated customs or dress associated with city life.
pos: adj
examples: 1794, quoted in 2009, Gordon S. Wood, Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815,
New York is less citified than Philadelphia.
It was not much more citified than it was countrified.
Isn't he handsome? Isn't he a man of the world? Isn't he citified?
As the countryside becomes more and more citified and farming more and more specialized, motorized and businesslike, I suppose that the farmer's mental scope and habits will become more like mine.
But he's citified and holds his cup just right and never has to think about it.
The people in this city call me country / Because of how I walk and talk and smile / Well, I don't mind them laughing in the city / But the country folks all say I'm citified
She is a citified young woman, and the more citified people are the more difficult it is to ask and get answers to personal questions.
Translations:
insomuch
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From Middle English insomuche; equivalent to in + so + much.
Compound parts: in
so
much
Inflected forms:
form: in so much
pos: adv
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Because of; since; as a result of.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: Insomuch as you have consistently paid the bill on time before, we'll excuse one late payment.
gloss: To the extent that.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: In ſo moche that if any verbe be of the thyꝛde coniugation / I ſet out all his rotes and tenſes[…]
These weights did not exert their natural gravity […] insomuch that I could not guess which was light or heavy whilst I held them in my hand.
Related words: inasmuch
insofar
Translations:
civilly
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English cyvyly, equivalent to civil + -ly.
Base: civil
Affixes: -ly
Inflected forms:
form: more civilly
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most civilly
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In a civil manner; politely.
pos: adv
examples: ‘I beg your pardon, Dr. Lanyon,’ he replied civilly enough. ‘What you say is very well founded; and my impatience has shown its heels to my politeness.[…]’
Recently, the Supreme Court justices Sonia Sotomayor and Amy Coney Barrett spoke together publicly about how members of the court speak civilly to one another while disagreeing, sometimes vigorously, about the law.
gloss: In a manner befitting a citizen.
pos: adv
tags: obsolete
examples: WHERE before this Time the ancient Cities, Boroughs, Towns Corporate and Market-Towns within this Realm of England have been very populous, and chiefly inhabited with Merchants, Artificers and Handicraftſmen, during which Time the Children in the ſaid Cities, Boroughs, Towns Corporate and Market-Towns, were civilly brought up and inſtructed, and alſo the ſaid Cities, Boroughs and Towns Corporate, kept in good Order and Obeiſance, and the Inhabiters of the ſame well ſet on work, and kept from Idleneſs; […]
The people inhabit ſcatteringly here and there, in Dennes or Caverns (rather than Houſes) of Boughes and Leaves of Palme-trees. And becauſe this manner of living ſo diſperſedly, is the cauſe that theſe people remaine in their former ſavageneſſe of mind, and crueltie of life: and withall, inſomuch as it importeth infinite difficulties, to the preaching of the Goſpel, and Civill Government; the Portugals, and the Fathers of the Societie, uſe their beſt endeavours, to reduce them together, in certaine fit and convenient places; where living civilly, they may with the more facilitie be inſtructed by thoſe Fathers in the Rules of Faith, and governed by the Kings Officers. There may alſo be reduced to this Head, thoſe Cities, which have beene builded by Power, and inhabited by the authoritie of great Princes, or famous Common-wealths: […]
Shee was well borne, and civilly brought up; her ruine was her being unequally Married: not that her Husband was not of good eſteeme amongſt the Citizens, and according to his quality well to live: but for that ſhee being of riper Yeares then hee, the love which uſeth to be betweene equalls was not betweene them; […]
Derived words: civilly dead
civilly disobedient
Translations: