yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
erudition
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: First attested in the 15th Century. From Middle French érudition, from Latin eruditio (“an instructing, learning, erudition”), from erudire (“to instruct, educate, cultivate”, literally “free from rudeness”), from e (“out”) + rudis (“rude”). By surface analysis, erudite + -ion.
Inflected forms:
form: eruditions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Profound knowledge acquired from learning and scholarship.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Professor Archimedes Q. Porter was their only immediate anxiety. Fully assured in his own mind that his daughter had been picked up by a passing steamer, he gave over the last vestige of apprehension concerning her welfare, and devoted his giant intellect solely to the consideration of those momentous and abstruse scientific problems which he considered the only proper food for thought in one of his erudition.
gloss: The refinement, polish and knowledge that education confers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: erudite
rude
Translations:
naughty
Part of speech: adj
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From late Middle English noughti, naughty (“evil, immoral, wicked”), from nought (“evil, immoral”) + -ī̆ (suffix forming adjectives). Analysable as naught + -y.
Base: naught
Affixes: -y
Inflected forms:
form: naughtier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: naughtiest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: noughty
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: naughties
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: naughtying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: naughtied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: naughtied
pos: verb
tags: past
form: noughty
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Mischievous; tending to misbehave or act badly (especially of a child).
pos: adj
examples: Some naughty boys at school hid the teacher's lesson notes.
gloss: Sexually provocative; now in weakened sense, risqué, cheeky.
pos: adj
examples: I bought some naughty lingerie for my honeymoon.
If I see you send another naughty email to your friends, you will be forbidden from using the computer!
gloss: Decadent, had as indulgence, especially an unhealthy one.
pos: adj
tags: informal
examples: You knew I had to include at least one naughty chocolate smoothie, didn't you?!
gloss: Evil, wicked, morally reprehensible.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
examples: my proneſſe to ſinne, and naughty appetites and desires, woulde drawe me headlong to the pitte of hell
[…]How far that little candle throws his beams!
So shines a good deed in a naughty world.
A wicked doer giveth heed to false lips; and a liar giveth ear to a naughty tongue.
Wholesome meats to a vitiated stomack differ little or nothing from unwholesome; and best books to a naughty mind are not unappliable to occasions of evill.
Meowky as naughty folks
gloss: Bad, worthless, substandard.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
examples: In Cornwall is two speches, the one is naughty Englysshe, and the other is Cornysshe speche.
One basket had very good figs, even like the figs that are first ripe: and the other basket had very naughty figs, which could not be eaten, they were so bad.
gloss: To perform sexual acts.
pos: verb
Derived words: naughtily
naughtiness
naughty bit
naughtyish
naughty list
naughty man's cherry
naughty man's oatmeal
naughty-pack
naughty parts
naughty step
naughty word
Translations:
troublemaker
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English trouble
English make
English -er
English troublemaker
From trouble + make + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: troublemakers
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: trouble-maker
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: trouble maker
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: One who causes trouble, especially one who does so deliberately.
pos: noun
examples: The teacher separated the known troublemakers from the rest of the class.
He gained a reputation as a political troublemaker.
local troublemaker
serial troublemaker
gloss: A complainer.
pos: noun
Synonyms: agitator
bad boy
bad news
bear
beggar
bhoy
blackguard
booger
boot boy
bovver boy
brat
brawler
breedbate
buffoon
bugger
bully
charva
cutup
devil
elf
enfant terrible
firebrand
gadfly
hell-raiser
hood
hoodlum
hool
hoolie
hooligan
hothead
imp
inciter
initiator
instigator
jackanapes
joker
jokester
kindle-coal
kindle-fire
knave
lout
makebate
minx
mischief
mischief-maker
miscreant
ne'er-do-well
pixie
pot stirrer
practical joker
prankster
puck
punk
rabble rouser
rakeshame
rantipole
rapscallion
rascal
rogue
roly-poly
rowdy
ruffian
scamp
scapegrace
scoundrel
shit disturber
shitmonger
shit-stirrer
tearaway
thug
titivil
tough
troublemaker
undesirable
vandal
wag
wagpastie
wrangler
yob
yobbo
Related words: troublemaking
troubleshooter
troubleshooting
badness
cheeky
criminal
villain
maverick
Translations:
realia
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
human-sciences
information-science
linguistics
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Late Latin realia, neuter plural of realis (“real”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Objects from real life or from the real world, as opposed to theoretical constructs or fabricated examples.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
examples: It might be possible, for example, to work backwards from the known realia of Visigothic Spain.
gloss: Words and expressions for culture-specific material elements.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
gloss: Physical objects in a library collection that do not fit into traditional categories of media, whose media are the objects themselves, as opposed to their informational content, such as artifacts, tools, memorabilia, and naturally-occurring specimens.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
examples: "We acquire entire collections of materials for research purposes," explains Saundra Taylor, curator of manuscripts at the Lilly Library at Indiana University in Bloomington. "That inevitably includes something that's not books or manuscripts."
Translations:
unabashedly
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From unabashed + -ly or un- + abashedly.
Base: unabashed
Affixes: -ly
Inflected forms:
form: more unabashedly
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most unabashedly
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In an unabashed manner; without embarrassment or hesitation.
pos: adv
examples: She and her two best friends are choreographing a number for the talent show; she’s applied to California Institute of the Arts; and she flirts unabashedly with a cute pizza server. (The better to land a couple of extra pepperonis on her slice without an upcharge.)
Translations:
no-name
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: no-names
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Lacking a recognizable name, identity, or reputation; not noteworthy.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: They went with a no-name shop on the edge of town.
A week after we met we were married in a no-name town in the middle of the night by a justice of the peace whose shingle was hanging in front of his house.
gloss: Someone or something lacking a recognizable name, identity, or reputation.
pos: noun
examples: If you hire some no-name for the job, be sure to check references.
Translations:
imprudent
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French imprudent, from Latin imprūdens (“not foreseeing, ignorant”), prefix im- (“not”) + prūdens (“foreseeing, skilled, judicious”).
Inflected forms:
form: more imprudent
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most imprudent
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Not prudent; lacking prudence or discretion; indiscreet; injudicious; not paying attention to the consequences of one's actions.
pos: adj
examples: Here Her Majesty took a great dislike at the imprudent behavior of many of the Ministers and Readers.
‘It was a most 'imprudent thing to go up Helvellyn in such weather,’ said Fräulein Müller, shaking her head gloomily as she ate her fish.
My uncle, falling back into his absorbing contemplations, had already forgotten my imprudent words. I merely say imprudent, for the great mind of so learned a man of course had no place for love affairs, and happily the grand business of the document gained me the victory.
Translations:
retool
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English tool
English retool
From re- + tool.
Inflected forms:
form: retools
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: retooling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: retooled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: retooled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To adjust; to optimize; to rebuild.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: He decided it was time to retool last year's marketing brochure.
The coronation of a British ruler is, of course, a political ritual and a religious ceremony. But it is also, as the crowning of Queen Elizabeth II in 1953 established, a TV show. It’s an anachronistic assertion of divine right retooled to recognize that, in the electronic era, even hereditary rulers have to argue their relevance.
Translations:
unearthly
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Germanic *un-
Proto-West Germanic *un-
Old English un-
Middle English un-
English un-
English earthly
English unearthly
From un- + earthly.
Inflected forms:
form: unearthlier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: unearthliest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Not of the earth; nonterrestrial.
pos: adj
examples: They were, I now saw, the most unearthly creatures it is possible to conceive.
In the hard glare of the Searchlight, which had been manned by Seaman 2nd class Evans W. Watkins, the rock had the unearthly look of a miniature satellite in space.
gloss: Preternatural or supernatural.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
examples: I believe that we are the last human beings who will ever see that unearthly sight.
As a fourth finger snapped, Cacus gave an unearthly scream and relented.
gloss: Strange, enigmatic, or mysterious.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
examples: I then set out to survey the town in the self-same palankeen. The houses had all of them an unearthly appearance, by no means consonant to our ideas of Oriental splendor.
gloss: Ideal beyond the mundane.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
examples: By the late sixteenth century Elizabeth had become the icon-like Virgin Queen of legend, an image created, to a large extent, by her extraordinary, unearthly costume and appearance.
gloss: Ridiculous, ludicrous, or outrageous.
pos: adj
tags: derogatory
figuratively
examples: I see my boys all wearing the same unearthly trousers, the same hair cuts, garish ties and sweaters, all rolling their socks and entertaining the same crazy notions about everything.
Two daily freight trips are run between Bristol West Depot and Wells. The first leaves Bristol at the unearthly hour of 3.50 a.m. and enters the branch at Yatton an hour later, over two hours before the first passenger train.
Translations:
itsy-bitsy
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From itty (baby-talk form of little) and/or bitsy.
Inflected forms:
form: itsy-bitsier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: itsy-bitsiest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: itsy bitsy
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: itty-bitty
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: itsy-bitsies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: itsy bitsy
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: itty-bitty
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Very small; minuscule.
pos: adj
tags: childish
colloquial
humorous
often
examples: The itsy-bitsy spider climbed up the water spout.
She wore an itsy-bitsy teeny-weeny yellow polka-dot bikini.
So if five noahs got trapped in that itsy bitsy net, then how many are out there along the other 20 miles of beaches?
gloss: A very small thing; something tiny or insignificant.
pos: noun
tags: in-plural
Translations:
telluric
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: A borrowing of French tellurique, from Latin tellus (“earth; earthy”) and Tellus (“Earth, Gaia”) and -ique (forming adjectives). Subsequently also from tellurium, originally in telluric oxide from German Telluroxyd.
Inflected forms:
form: more telluric
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most telluric
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: tellurics
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Pertaining to the Earth, earthly.
pos: adj
examples: My sister always says she loves novels where you feel an elemental strength, primordial, telluric.
gloss: Containing tellurium in a lower valency than in tellurous compounds.
pos: adj
gloss: Synonym of telluric current.
pos: noun
examples: Other projects in progress at CRPL involve the study of audiofrequency tellurics (current induced in the earth) and earth conductivity measurements using atmospherics.
Derived words: hydrotelluric
intratelluric
magnetotelluric
magnetotellurics
telluric acid
telluric bismuth
telluric current
telluric gold
telluric iron
telluric ochertelluric ochre
telluric oxide
telluric planet
telluric silver
tellurism
tellurist
ultratelluric
Translations:
cockle
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: business
mining
Etymology: From Middle English cokel, cokkel, kokkel, cocle, of uncertain origin. Perhaps a diminutive of Middle English cokke, cok (“cockle”), from Old English cocc (found in sǣcocc (“cockle”)) + -le; or perhaps from Old French coquille, from Vulgar Latin *cocchilia, from conchylia, from Ancient Greek κογχύλιον (konkhúlion), diminutive of κογχύλη (konkhúlē, “mussel”), of Pre-Greek substrate origin.
Affixes: -le
Inflected forms:
form: cockles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: cockles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: cockling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: cockled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: cockled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: Any of various edible European bivalve mollusks, of the family Cardiidae, having heart-shaped shells.
pos: noun
examples: His wife, a small woman who walked always on high heels, borrowed Gerhardie's primus stove several times a day to cook her husband gargantuan meals of cockles, mussels, snails, and other such unpalatables.
gloss: The shell of such a mollusk.
pos: noun
gloss: A wrinkle, pucker
pos: noun
gloss: A defect in sheepskin; firm dark nodules caused by the bites of keds on live sheep
pos: noun
tags: broadly
gloss: Chiefly in cockles of someone's heart: a person's innermost feelings.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
in-plural
gloss: The dome of a heating furnace.
pos: noun
tags: UK
gloss: The fire chamber of a furnace.
pos: noun
tags: UK
gloss: A kiln for drying hops; an oast.
pos: noun
tags: UK
gloss: The mineral black tourmaline or schorl.
pos: noun
tags: Cornwall
UK
gloss: To cause to contract into wrinkles or ridges, as some kinds of cloth after a wetting; to pucker.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Related words: scallop
Derived words: blood cockle
cockle-bread
cockleman
cockler
cockleshell
cocklestove
cockle wife
cocklewoman
cockly
common cockle
corn cockle
corncockle
earcockle
ear cockle
hot cockles
moulding of cockle bread
warm the cockles of someone's heart
Translations:
docent
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin docēns, present participle of doceō (“to teach”). In the meaning of a university grade, as used in some Central European countries, it is clipped version of private docent, privat-docent, from German Privatdozent, from German Dozent.
Inflected forms:
form: more docent
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most docent
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: docents
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Instructive; that teaches.
pos: adj
gloss: A teacher or lecturer at some universities (in central Europe, etc.)
pos: noun
examples: Zermelo had been a docent at Göttingen when Kit was there and, like Russell, had been preoccupied with the set of all sets that are not members of themselves.
gloss: A tour guide at a museum, art gallery, historical site, etc.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: The docent greeted the visitors and welcomed them to the Smithsonian.
She was listening distractedly as an elderly docent intoned to a circle of listless children.
Related words: docile
doctor
doctorate
doctrinaire
doctrinal
doctrine
document
indoctrinate
Translations:
reprieve
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: First use appears c. 1513 in the writings of Robert Fabyan. In the sense of “to take back to prison”, from Middle English repryen (“to remand, detain”) (1494), possibly from Middle French repris, in the form of reprendre (“take back”); a cognate to reprise. The sense has become generalized, but does retain connotations of punishment and execution. The noun's first use appears c. 1592.
Inflected forms:
form: reprieves
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: reprieving
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: reprieved
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: reprieved
pos: verb
tags: past
form: repryve
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: reprive
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: reprieves
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: repryve
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: reprive
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To cancel or postpone the punishment of someone, especially an execution.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To bring relief to someone.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Company […] may reprieve a man from his melancholy, yet it cannot secure him from his conscience.
gloss: To take back to prison (in lieu of execution).
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
transitive
gloss: To abandon or postpone plans to close, withdraw or abolish (something).
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: At the time of writing the halts have been reprieved due to doubts as to the legality of the withdrawal of services. It is feared that this reprieve may not outlast the summer timetable which, on the section in question, provides only a skeleton of the former service.
gloss: The cancellation or postponement of a punishment.
pos: noun
examples: The prisoner was saved from execution; the governor had requested a reprieve.
gloss: A document authorizing such an action.
pos: noun
gloss: Relief from pain etc., especially temporary.
pos: noun
examples: Yet it was not easy, on the balance of play, to be convinced by Pellegrini and his defeated players that the reprieve might somehow be a defining moment over the two legs.
gloss: A cancellation or postponement of a proposed event undesired by many.
pos: noun
examples: At the time of writing the halts have been reprieved due to doubts as to the legality of the withdrawal of services. It is feared that this reprieve may not outlast the summer timetable which, on the section in question, provides only a skeleton of the former service.
And it said there was no reprieve for 435 stations already approved for closure before the report appeared.
Related words: reprehend
reprisal
reprise
Derived words: reprievable
reprieval
unreprieved
Translations:
inked
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English inked, ynkid (“written in ink”), equivalent to ink + -ed.
Base: ink
Affixes: -ed
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Having a tattoo or tattoos.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
slang
Translations:
cognac
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French cognac, from Cognac, a city in France, from Medieval Latin Comniacum, from the name Cominius + Gallo-Roman suffix -acum, from Proto-Celtic *-ākom.
Inflected forms:
form: cognacs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A brandy distilled from white wine in the region around Cognac in France.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Major manufacturers add a small proportion of caramel to color their cognacs.
Cognac, with the addition of a little paprika and the yolk of an egg, is considered an effective aphrodisiac aid.
We’d have a script meeting for the next day’s shooting that lasted until two in the morning, and he’d be up again at six for a breakfast meeting. I survived on cognac. I have no idea how he did it.
David Mason, Beverage and Bar Manager at St. Regis, describes the complex aromas and layered palate of the cognac thus: “It’s kind of autumn flavors. Really nutty, almondy – kind of fig, plum, dried fruits. But it finishes off really smoothly but with a little bit of tobacco leaf.”
Translations:
desktop
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: compound
Topics: computing
engineering
graphical-user-interface
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From desk + top.
Compound parts: desk
top
Inflected forms:
form: desktops
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The top surface of a desk.
pos: noun
gloss: A desktop computer.
pos: noun
examples: Laptops are often more expensive than desktops.
gloss: A personal computer, as opposed to computers for business or server purposes.
pos: noun
gloss: The main graphical user interface of an operating system, usually displaying icons, windows and background wallpaper.
pos: noun
examples: I installed a new application and it added its icon to my desktop.
Important menus, such as the root menu or Workspace menu, are "pinnable," which means that you can pin them up and keep them on your desktop […]
gloss: The wallpaper of this interface.
pos: noun
examples: For quotations using this term, see Citations:desktop.
gloss: Designed for use on a desk or similar piece of furniture.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Of an application or website, designed to be run or viewed on a personal computer.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: desktop browser
Derived words: crash-to-desktop
crash to desktop
deskbar
desknote
desktop calendar
desktop organiser
desktop organizer
desktop picture
desktop publisher
multidesktop
nettop
nondesktop
personal online desktop
remote desktop
virtual desktop
webtop
desktop mascot
desktop publishing
desktop accessory
desktop computer
desktop environment
desktop metaphor
desktop toy
Translations:
tela
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: anatomy
medicine
sciences
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin tēla (“web”). Doublet of toile.
Inflected forms:
form: telas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: telae
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A thin, web-like structure or membrane.
pos: noun
Translations:
biff
Part of speech: noun
verb
intj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: Onomatopoeic.
Inflected forms:
form: biffs
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: biffs
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: biffing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: biffed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: biffed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A sudden, sharp blow or punch.
pos: noun
tags: informal
examples: "Hit him a biff," said the Big Man.
gloss: A wipeout.
pos: noun
tags: informal
gloss: To punch or hit.
pos: verb
tags: informal
transitive
gloss: To discard; to throw out; to throw away.
pos: verb
tags: Atlantic-Canada
New-Zealand
slang
transitive
gloss: To wipe out; to faceplant; to fall.
pos: verb
tags: informal
gloss: To mess up.
pos: verb
tags: informal
gloss: To move quickly.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: The sound of a person being punched or hit.
pos: intj
examples: Whap, Biff, Ooooof, Sock, Pow, Zok! Batman is back. Gotham City is again leaving its law and order in the hands of a man who wears plastic underpants over his tights.
Derived words: biffo
Translations:
Venda
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: Vendas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: Venda
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of the Black people of this area.
pos: noun
examples: The Venda live mostly in Limpopo Province in the northern part of South Africa. There are about one million Vendas and their language is also known as Luvenda, Tshivenda or simply Venda. Their native land was once a Bantustan during [Apartheid].
They don't really react badly, because they say I look mostly like a South African, like a Venda. I don't look like a foreigner. I mean I look like a Venda. So, when I tell them I am from another country, they actually get surprised.
Translations:
redneck
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: Bahuvrīhi compound of red + neck. Compare rooinek. The term originally characterized farmers that had a red neck, caused by sunburn from long hours working in the fields.
Compound parts: red
neck
Inflected forms:
form: rednecks
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A poor, rural, usually white, person from the Southern United States or parts of the Midwest and Northeast, especially one whose beliefs are seen as unsophisticated and backward; sometimes with additional connotations of being bigoted.
pos: noun
tags: US
derogatory
ethnic
offensive
slang
slur
usually
gloss: yokel, hick, country bumpkin
pos: noun
tags: broadly
derogatory
examples: Sample a look back you look and find / Nothing but rednecks for 400 years if you check
gloss: Any of the miners who wore red bandanas for identification during the West Virginia mine war of 1921.
pos: noun
tags: US
historical
slang
gloss: A member of a certain Baltimore street gang, active in 1859.
pos: noun
tags: US
historical
slang
gloss: A Roman Catholic.
pos: noun
tags: UK
archaic
slur
Derived words: blackneck
Fredneck
leftneck
redneckery
redneckese
redneck hot tub
redneckian
redneckification
redneckish
redneckism
redneckitis
redneck jacuzzi
rednecky
Translations:
theretofore
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English ther-to-fore, þeretofore, þer to-fore, þer toforn, þær toforen, from Old English þǣr tōforan, equivalent to there + tofore.
Base: there
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Until that time.
pos: adv
tags: formal
examples: Þæt wolde ðyncan wundorlic ælcum men þe on Englalande wæs, gif ænig man ær þam sæde þæt hit swa gewurþan sceolde, for ðam þe he wæs ær to þam swyðe up ahafen swylce he weolde þæs cynges ⁊ ealles Englalandes, ⁊ his sunan wæron eorlas, ⁊ þæs cynges dyrlingas, ⁊ his dohtor þæm cynge beweddod ⁊ beæwnod.
gloss: Before that.
pos: adv
tags: formal
Related words: —
henceafter
henceforth
henceforward
henceforwards
hencefrom
hereabout
hereabouts
hereabove
hereafter
hereafters
hereagainst
hereamong
hereanent
hereat
hereaway
herebefore
hereby
herefor
herefore
hereforth
hereforward
hereforwards
herefrom
herehence
hereinabove
hereinafter
hereinbefore
hereinbelow
hereinelsewhere
hereinsoever
hereinto
hereinunder
heremid
hereof
hereon
hereout
hereover
herethrough
herethroughout
hereto
heretofore
hereunto
hereupon
herewith
herewithal
herewithin
herewithout
hitherto
hitherunto
hitherward
hitherwards
howbeit
however
howso
howsoever
howsomedever
howsomever
thataway
thatwise
thenceafter
thenceforth
thenceforward
thenceforwards
thencefrom
thenceout
thereabout
thereabouts
thereabove
thereacross
thereafter
thereafters
thereagain
thereagainst
therealong
thereamong
thereamongst
thereanent
therearound
thereat
thereaway
therebefore
therebeside
therebetween
therebeyond
thereby
therever
therefor
therefore
thereforth
therefrom
therehence
thereinabove
thereinafter
thereinbefore
thereinbelow
thereinto
thereinunder
theremid
thereof
thereon
thereout
thereover
theresoever
therethrough
therethroughout
thereto
thereunto
thereup
thereupon
therewith
therewithal
therewithin
therewithout
thisaway
thiswise
thitherinsoever
thitherto
thitherward
thitherwards
whatever
whatso
whatsoever
whatsomedever
whatsomever
whatwise
whenabout
whenabouts
whenas
whenever
whenso
whensoever
whensomever
whenceafter
whencever
whenceforth
whenceforward
whencefrom
whenceward
whencewards
whereabout
whereabouts
whereabove
whereafter
whereafters
whereagainst
wherealong
whereamong
whereamongst
whereanent
wherearound
whereas
whereat
whereaway
wherebefore
wherebeside
wherebetween
wherebeyond
whereby
wherever
wherefor
wherefore
whereforth
wherefrom
wherehence
whereinabove
whereinafter
whereinbefore
whereinbelow
whereinsoever
whereinto
whereinunder
wheremid
whereof
whereon
whereout
whereover
whereso
wheresoever
wheresomever
wherethrough
wherethroughout
whereto
wheretofore
whereunto
whereup
whereupon
wherewith
wherewithal
wherewithin
wherewithout
whitherever
whitherinsoever
whitherso
whitherto
whithertofore
whitherward
whitherwards
whyever
whyfor
whyso
whysoever
1. Scottish2. from Middle English mid3. old dialectal form
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: дотогава
roman: dotogava
lang: Dutch
word: daartevoren
lang: Finnish
word: siihen asti
lang: Finnish
word: siihen saakka
lang: Finnish
word: siihen mennessä
lang: French
word: jusque-là
lang: Swedish
word: dittills
saccharine
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
botany
geography
geology
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH
Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH
Sanskrit शर्क॑रा (śárkarā)
Pali sakkharābor.
Ancient Greek σάκχᾰρον (sákkhăron)bor.
New Latin saccharon
New Latin saccharum
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnusder.
Old French -inbor.
Middle English -in
English -ine
English saccharine
From New Latin saccharum (“sugar”) + English -ine (suffix meaning ‘of or pertaining to’ forming adjectives). Saccharum is derived from saccharon (“syrupy liquid from bamboo or reeds”), from Ancient Greek σάκχαρον (sákkharon), from Pali sakkharā (“sugar; gravel; granule, grain; crystal; potsherd”), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, “ground or candied sugar; cotton sugar, sugarmaple; gravel, grit, pebbles; potsherd”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂ (“boulder; gravel”).
Inflected forms:
form: more saccharine
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most saccharine
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of or relating to sugar; sugary.
pos: adj
tags: dated
gloss: Containing a large or excessive amount of sugar.
pos: adj
tags: dated
gloss: Excessively sweet in action or disposition, especially if romantic or sentimental to the point of ridiculousness; sickly sweet, syrupy.
pos: adj
tags: derogatory
figuratively
gloss: Resembling granulated sugar; saccharoid.
pos: adj
gloss: Something which is saccharine or sweet; sugar.
pos: noun
tags: dated
uncountable
gloss: Sentimentalism.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
uncountable
examples: If Captain Archie Blaine regarded these outpourings as so much adolescent saccharine he never revealed it by a single word, a smile or the flicker of an eye.
Related words: sweet
Derived words: hypersaccharine
mucoso-saccharine
nonsaccharine
oversaccharine
saccharined
saccharinely
saccharinish
saccharinity
saccharinize
unsaccharine
Translations:
thereunder
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From Middle English therunder, þer-under, þar under, from Old English þǣrunder, equivalent to there + under. Cognate with Dutch daaronder (“thereunder”), German darunter (“thereunder”), Swedish därunder (“thereunder”).
Compound parts: there
under
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Under that; under it.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: c. 2008, HILDEGARDE (LORETTA SELL) PAPERS SCOPE AND CONTENT, Marquette University
The photographs span circa 1910-1997. The images are arranged topically, thereunder chronologically.
Translations:
saccharin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱorkeh₂
Proto-Indo-Iranian *ćárkaraH
Proto-Indo-Aryan *śárkaraH
Sanskrit शर्क॑रा (śárkarā)
Pali sakkharābor.
Ancient Greek σάκχᾰρον (sákkhăron)bor.
Latin saccharon
Latin saccharum
German -in
German Saccharinbor.
English saccharin
From German Saccharin, coined in 1879 by the Russian-born chemist Constantin Fahlberg (1850–1910) who discovered it, from Latin saccharon, saccharum + -in.
Inflected forms:
form: saccharins
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: saccharine
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A white, crystalline powder, C₇H₅NO₃S, used as an artificial sweetener in food products.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Some examples of the sweeteners include aspartame, saccharin, sucralose and stevia. The W.H.O.’s announcement contradicts previous studies that have said these sweeteners don’t offer any health benefits but also do not cause harm.
Translations:
gilded
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English gild
English -ed
English gilded
From gild + -ed.
Inflected forms:
form: more gilded
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most gilded
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Having the color or quality of gold.
pos: adj
gloss: Made of gold or covered by a thin layer of gold.
pos: adj
examples: There wasn't a room that had not been clad, picture-railed, dadoed, panelled, stained, gilded, bordered and generally made over to within an inch of its life - can I interest anyone in a gold cherubic sconce?
gloss: Having a falsely pleasant appearance; sugarcoated.
pos: adj
examples: All that glisters is not gold;
Often have you heard that told:
Many a man his life hath sold
But my outside to behold:
Gilded tombs do worms infold.
Had you been as wise as bold,
Young in limbs, in judgement old,
Your answer had not been inscroll'd:
Fare you well; your suit is cold.
Related words: goldish § Synonyms
Derived words: electrogilded
gilded age
Gilded Age
gilded cage
gilded flicker
overgilded
ungilded
Translations:
back-of-the-envelope
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: A reference to a calculation or an idea that occurs to one being jotted down on an available scrap of paper, such as the back of an envelope.
Inflected forms:
form: back-of-an-envelope
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Especially of a calculation, estimation, or other reasoning, or an idea: approximate, rough, simplified.
pos: adj
tags: idiomatic
informal
examples: We can do some back-of-the-envelope calculations before all the facts come in.
[T]he original estimates are frequently back-of-the-envelope-type estimates made internally without detailed engineering studies, if you go all the way back to Day 1.
We joke about having to make back-of-the-envelope calculations, while in the university environment we might spend 2 or 3 weeks computerizing the calculations. I might say, however, that making back-of-the-envelope calculations and later checking them out on computers has impressed me that we have developed a considerable skill in back-of-the-envelope calculations.
On one defense item, somebody kept referring to it as a back-of-an-envelope cost estimate. Do you have a back-of-an-envelope cost estimate?
Apart from those manuscripts which were intended as more or less complete, self-contained works, [William] Petty left a huge body of papers, much of which amounts to fragments and hastily written private notes – many the seventeenth-century equipvament of back-of-the-envelope calculations and comments. These papers constitute a further testament to his sustained investigation of economic and political subjects.
The reader will not need to be warned that the calculations involved are of the back of an envelope type and statements of the form ‘a equals b’ should be read ‘a equals b approximately’ or even ‘with a bit of luck, a and b will be of the same order of magnitude’.
Misapplying a basic feature of diffusion theory, [Werner] Heisenberg arrived at an impossibly high figure for a critical mass of pure U235. This was done by means of a seductively simple "back of an envelope" calculation in 1940, […]
Back of the envelope calculation: I've traveled roughly 17 million miles since we left the crew quarters at Cape Kennedy, not including the van ride to the pad … in fact, Earth seems a bit dreamlike these days, as we are connected only by crackling voices on the radio and the photographs brought along and our memories.
I remember very distinctly in October 1995, after I completed my paper design, I had an epiphany. This back-of-the-envelope design was five years ahead of its time.
[I]t quickly became apparent that the natural mapping we had thought of—and which seemed to make perfect sense back when we were doing our back-of-the-envelope estimates—turned out not to be acceptable at all.
Now, those Treasury mandarins unfamiliar with the railway might assume on the back of an envelope that if only 80% of trains are running, then that will cost 20% less. If only it were that simple.
Translations:
physiotherapy
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *bʰuHyéti
Ancient Greek φῠ́ω (phŭ́ō)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Ancient Greek -τις (-tis)
Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)
Ancient Greek φῠ́σῐς (phŭ́sĭs)
English physio-
Proto-Indo-European *treb-der.?
Ancient Greek θερᾰ́πων (therắpōn)
Ancient Greek -εύς (-eús)
Ancient Greek -εύω (-eúō)
Ancient Greek θεραπεύω (therapeúō)
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-i-eh₂
Proto-Hellenic *-íā
Ancient Greek -ία (-ía)
Ancient Greek θεραπεία (therapeía)bor.
New Latin therapīabor.
English therapy
English physiotherapy
From physio- + therapy.
Inflected forms:
form: physiotherapies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Therapy that uses physical techniques such as massage, ultrasound, heat, and exercise.
pos: noun
tags: Commonwealth
Ireland
UK
countable
uncountable
Translations:
superb
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Latin superbuslbor.
English superb
Learned borrowing from Latin superbus.
Inflected forms:
form: superber
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: superbest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: First-rate; of the highest quality; exceptionally good.
pos: adj
examples: This champagne is superb.
Captain Edward Carlisle[…]felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze,[…]; he could not tell what this prisoner might do. He cursed the fate which had assigned such a duty, cursed especially that fate which forced a gallant soldier to meet so superb a woman as this under handicap so hard.
The hundredodd pages of photographs provide superb iconography of artistic collaboration and its rewards.
gloss: Grand; magnificent; august; stately.
pos: adj
examples: a superb edifice;  a superb colonnade
gloss: Haughty.
pos: adj
tags: dated
examples: A remark which Isabella received with a superb curl of the lip, but at the same time, and to her brother's infinite relief, she walked away.
Synonyms: excellent
superlative
world-beating
Derived words: superb fairywren
superbity
superb lily
superbly
superb lyrebird
superbness
superb owl
superb parrot
superb warbler
Translations:
groggy
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English grog
English -y
English groggy
From grog + -y.
Inflected forms:
form: groggier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: groggiest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Slowed or weakened, as by drink, sleepiness, etc.
pos: adj
examples: The medicine made him groggy and irritable.
gloss: Of a horse: bearing wholly on its heels when trotting.
pos: adj
Derived words: groggily
grogginess
ungroggy
Translations:
miscellany
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from French miscellanées, from Latin mīscellānea, from miscellus (“mixed”), from misceō (“to mix”).
Inflected forms:
form: miscellanies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An assortment of miscellaneous items.
pos: noun
tags: countable
gloss: A collection of writings on various subjects or topics; an anthology.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: a monthly miscellany of literature
gloss: The condition of being miscellaneous, of being a hodgepodge.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: All of these critics and theorists agree, however, positively, unequivocally, in this, […] that miscellany is abhorrent to their sense; that the sixteen-story building must not consist of sixteen separate, distinct, and unrelated buildings piled one upon the other until the top of the pile is reached.
Related words: miscellanea
miscellaneous
miscellanist
Translations:
Schnabel
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: See Schnabel car.
Inflected forms:
form: Schnabels
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The beak-like lifting component of a Schnabel car.
pos: noun
Translations:
aquiver
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Hellenic *ə-
Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)der.
English a-
English quiver
English aquiver
From a- + quiver.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: In a state of excitement, trepidation or agitation; quivering.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Sighing softly to the river
Comes the lonely breeze,
Setting Nature all a-quiver,
Rustling through the trees,
There is no colour line in love, and though a-quiver with ungovernable fright, for Ursula's sake black Woona went graphically through the final death contortions of the poisoned mangy pup.
He had gone inland about half a mile when there came suddenly to his trained nostrils the one scent that sets the whole savage jungle aquiver—Tarzan smelled man.
He said "Stand and deliver / For I am all aquiver."
Almost the whole continental rim of the Pacific basin is aquiver with earthquakes and fiery with volcanoes, some frequently active, some extinct, some merely sleeping a centuries-long sleep between periods of explosive violence.
Translations:
insignificance
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Italic *n̥-
Latin in-bor.
Middle English in-
English in-
English significance
English insignificance
From in- + significance.
Inflected forms:
form: insignificances
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: the state of being insignificant
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Antonyms: significance
Translations:
emblematic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From French emblématique. See emblem.
Inflected forms:
form: more emblematic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most emblematic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Serving as, or relating to a symbol, emblem or illustration of a type.
pos: adj
examples: All was dreary—all was emblematic of that change and barrenness which passes away from nature, but never from the heart;...
gloss: Very typical.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
examples: With Le Sommer withdrawn, France – now with five in midfield – seemed content to hold on for a deceptively narrow win. Such containment tactics can prove high risk but the only threat England could muster was a shot from Aluko which flew high and wide. It seemed entirely emblematic of their afternoon.
The result of yesterday’s meaningful vote in the House of Commons, much like the first in January, was emblematic of a very striking Brexit reality: that the principle barrier to leaving the EU comes from the very people most desperate to see it happen.
Derived words: emblematical
emblematically
emblematicize
symblematic
unemblematic
Translations:
riddle
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English redel, redels, from Old English rǣdels, rǣdelse (“counsel, opinion, imagination, riddle”), from Proto-West Germanic *rādislī (“counsel, conjecture”). Analyzable as rede (“advice”) + -le. Akin to Old English rǣdan (“to read, advise, interpret”). Cognate with Dutch raadsel, German Rätsel.
Base: rede
Affixes: -le
Inflected forms:
form: riddles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: riddles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: riddling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: riddled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: riddled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A verbal puzzle, mystery, or other problem of an intellectual nature.
pos: noun
examples: Here's a riddle: It's black, and white, and red all over. What is it?
12 ¶ And Samson said vnto them, I will now put foorth a riddle vnto you: if you can certeinly declare it me, within the seuen dayes of the feast, and finde it out, then I will giue you thirtie sheetes, and thirtie change of garments:
13 But if ye cannot declare it me, then shall yee giue me thirtie sheetes, and thirtie change of garments. And they said vnto him, Put foorth thy riddle, that we may heare it.
14 And hee said vnto them, Out of the eater came foorth meate, aud out of the strong came foorth sweetnesse. And they could not in three dayes expound the riddle.
To wring from me and tell to them my ſecret, / That ſolv'd the riddle which I had propos'd.
Elbows almost touching they leaned at ease, idly reading the almost obliterated lines engraved there. ¶ "I never understood it," she observed, lightly scornful. "What occult meaning has a sun-dial for the spooney? I'm sure I don't want to read riddles in a strange gentleman's optics."
I'm a riddle so strong, you can't break me
gloss: An ancient verbal, poetic, or literary form, in which, rather than a rhyme scheme, there are parallel opposing expressions with a hidden meaning.
pos: noun
gloss: To speak ambiguously or enigmatically.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To solve, answer, or explicate a riddle or question.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Riddle me this.
Derived words: riddle canon
riddlelike
riddle me ree
riddle me this
riddler
riddlesome
riddle stick
riddle wrapped in an enigma
world riddle
riddlee
riddlingly
unriddle
unriddleable
Translations:
expository
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English exposit(ion)
Proto-Indo-European *-tōr
Proto-Italic *-tōr
Latin -tor
Proto-Indo-European *-yós
Proto-Italic *-ios
Old Latin -ios
Latin -ius
Latin -tōriusder.
Middle English -orie
English -ory
English expository
From exposit(ion) + -ory.
Inflected forms:
form: more expository
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most expository
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Serving to explain, explicate, or elucidate; expositive; of or relating to exposition.
pos: adj
examples: Practicing expository writing will teach you to explain complex concepts clearly.
The zombie scenes are reminiscent of what you might see on a show like The Walking Dead, short bursts of extreme violence and gore punctuating expository dialogue scenes where the survivors try to figure out how they’re going to get from point A to point B.
The expository, nonmetaphorical lyrics to “Cop Killer” were dedicated to the Los Angeles Police Department: The narrator puts on black gloves and a ski mask, turns off the headlights of his car, and prepares to shoot himself some cops.
Translations:
crotchety
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From crotchet + -y, using crotchet in the 16th-century sense of a whim or fancy.
Base: crotchet
Affixes: -y
Inflected forms:
form: crotchetier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: more crotchety
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: crotchetiest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: most crotchety
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: crochety
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Cranky, disagreeable, or stubborn, especially if prone to odd whims or fancies.
pos: adj
examples: He wouldnt even let old Wilkie touch it do you remember Gerald but always gathered it himself and made his own julep. He was as crochety about his julep as an old maid, measuring everything by a recipe in his head.
He has a happy home life, two sitcoms on the go and a new book in the offing. So why is the comedian, actor and Observer columnist still so crotchety?
Translations:
instinctive
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English instinct
Proto-Indo-European *-wós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHwósder.
Latin -īvus
Old French -ifbor.
Middle English -yf
English -ive
English instinctive
From instinct + -ive.
Inflected forms:
form: more instinctive
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most instinctive
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Related to or prompted by instinct.
pos: adj
gloss: Driven by impulse, spontaneous and without thinking.
pos: adj
examples: When approached by a stranger, Jared clenched his fists in an instinctive manner.
Derived words: instinctive drift
instinctively
instinctiveness
instinctivity
noninstinctive
uninstinctive
Translations: