yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
bedding
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: agriculture
business
geography
geology
horticulture
lifestyle
natural-sciences
Etymology: From Middle English bedding, beddyng, from Old English bedding (“bedding”), equivalent to bed + -ing.
Base: bed
Affixes: -ing
Inflected forms:
form: beddings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The textiles associated with a bed, e.g., sheets, pillowcases, bedspreads, blankets, etc.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Hire of bedding, and food in the restaurant cars is cheap, and passengers are officially encouraged not to tip company's servants—but they do.
Similarly, the biotech giant Cargill has begun manufacturing a polymer from vegetable oils that is used in polyurethane foams, which is found in beddings, furniture and car-seat headrests.
gloss: The textiles associated with the bed, as well as the mattress, bedframe, or bed base (such as box spring).
pos: noun
tags: UK
countable
uncountable
gloss: Any material used by or provided to animals to lie on.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A structure occurring in granite and similar massive rocks that allows them to split in well-defined planes horizontally or parallel to the land surface.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The temporary planting of fast-growing plants into flower beds to create colourful, temporary, seasonal displays, during spring, summer or winter.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Derived words: bedding plane
crossbedding
bedding set
carpet bedding
bedding surface
bedding plant
Translations:
bedclothes
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From Middle English bedclothys, plural of Middle English bedcloth, bedclothe, bedde clothe (“bed-cloth, bedding”), from Old English bedclāþ, beddclāþ (“coverlet, blanket, bedding, bedclothes”), equivalent to bed + clothes.
Compound parts: bed
clothes
Inflected forms:
form: bed-clothes
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Sheets, blankets, quilts or other coverings used on a bed.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
examples: She pulled the bedclothes over her neck to stay warm.
When she was little and I went to see her in bed, I often thought she wasn't there. She lay so neatly and so straight, without a ruckle and with her head just under the top of the bedclothes.
gloss: Clothing worn to bed.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
examples: Tom put his bedclothes on and went to sleep.
Translations:
effing
Part of speech: adj
adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From eff (“fuck”) + -ing.
Base: eff
Affixes: -ing
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Minced oath of fucking.
pos: adj
tags: euphemistic
not-comparable
slang
examples: The effing car's broken down again!
gloss: Minced oath of fucking.
pos: adv
tags: euphemistic
not-comparable
slang
examples: She is effing hot!
I effing hate snow!
“I will say, though, it felt effing fantastic.”
Translations:
mutiny
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French mutiner.
Inflected forms:
form: mutinies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: mutinies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: mutinying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: mutinied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: mutinied
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An organized rebellion against a legally constituted authority, especially by seamen against their officers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: In every mutiny against the discipline of the college, he was the ringleader.
gloss: Violent commotion; tumult; strife.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Raise a mutiny betwixt yourselves.
gloss: To commit a mutiny.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: The crew of the Bounty mutinied because of the harsh discipline of Captain Bligh.
In the long run, the High Seas Fleet would rarely emerge looking for a fleet action, and, indeed, would be withdrawn if it seemed that the Grand Fleet was out. In 1918, when faced with an order to sail against the British, who had now been augmented by the Sixth Battle Squadron, made up of American warships, the sailors of the High Seas Fleet mutinied instead.
Related words: mutineer
mutinous
Derived words: antimutiny
countermutiny
mutinize
premutiny
Translations:
prefect
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English prefect and prefecte, from Old French prefect (Mod. French préfet), from Latin praefectus (“one placed in charge, overseer, director, prefect”), from praeficere (“to place in charge”).
Inflected forms:
form: prefects
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: præfect
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: praefect
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: An official of Ancient Rome who controlled or superintended a particular command, charge, department, etc.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: the prefect of the aqueducts; the prefect of a camp, of a fleet, of the city guard, or of provisions; the pretorian prefect, who was commander of the troops guarding the emperor's person
Or think of a decent young citizen in a toga - perhaps too much dice, you know - coming out here in the train of some prefect, or tax-gatherer, or trader even, to mend his fortunes.
It seems that in the autumn of 803 he went on leave. His uncle Po Chi-chên, had recently been moved from his post at Hsü-chou and promoted to be Prefect of Hsü-chʻang in Central Honan.
gloss: The head of a department in France.
pos: noun
gloss: The head of a county in Albania or Romania.
pos: noun
gloss: The head of a prefecture in Japan.
pos: noun
gloss: A school pupil in a position of power over other pupils.
pos: noun
tags: UK
gloss: A commander.
pos: noun
Related words: prefecture
Derived words: perfectibility
prefecthood
prefectship
subprefect
underprefect
Translations:
breakwater
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From break + water. Compare Dutch breekwater (“breakwater”). Compare firebreak.
Compound parts: break
water
Inflected forms:
form: breakwaters
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A construction in or around a harbour designed to break the force of the sea and to provide shelter for vessels lying inside.
pos: noun
examples: […]there is a channel, some three miles wide between the city and the mainland, and some mile and a half wide between it and the sandy breakwater called the Lido, which divides the lagoon from the Adriatic,
But there's a pier or breakwater runs out into the sea just here, which we could defend longer than anything else, like Horatius and his bridge.
Using the countless tons of rock from the cliff-face, supplemented by much more from inland, they threw out a huge breakwater, 2,000 ft. long and 80 ft. high, roughly at right angles to the quay, so forming an almost completely sheltered corner. Fifty years later, this massive mole is still standing up to the worst that the Irish Sea can do.
They sailed around a breakwater that hadn't existed on Peregrine's last trip and tied in at the moorage.
gloss: A low bulkhead across the forecastle deck of a ship which diverts water breaking over the bows into the scuppers.
pos: noun
gloss: A wooden or concrete barrier, usually perpendicular to the shore, intended to prevent the movement of sand along a coast.
pos: noun
Translations:
methodology
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French méthodologie. By surface analysis, method + -ology.
Inflected forms:
form: methodologies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The study of methods used in a field.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: research methodology
In doing so it will describe two metatheories of scientific thought regarding the nature of methodology and epistemology in social science.
This volume is an addition to the rapidly growing area of interest in research methodology: the study of mixed method and mixed model studies.
To explore effective pedagogies to motivate these bilingual doctoral researchers to theorise translingually, this paper draws upon methodologies about translingualism and intercultural doctoral education to dispel the recurrent doubts raised by these bilingual doctoral researchers.
Somehow, that cycle was broken by the clever and well-informed lobbying from the Welsh government, with the result that the Core Valleys Lines have received over £1 billion of investment which would not have passed the test of conventional business case methodology.
gloss: A collection of methods, practices, procedures and rules used by those who work in some field.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
countable
uncountable
examples: agile methodology
For example, an agile methodology should promote the frequent delivery of working systems rather than a single big bang delivery.
Design Methodology is understood as a concrete course of action for the design of technical systems that derives its knowledge from design science and cognitive psychology, and from practical experience in different domains.
gloss: The implementation of such methods etc.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: metamethod
Derived words: antimethodology
ethnomethodology
methodological
methodologically
methodologist
multimethodology
scientific methodology
Translations:
basileus
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Hellenic *gʷatiléus
Ancient Greek βασιλεύς (basileús)bor.
English basileus
Borrowed from Ancient Greek βασιλεύς (basileús, “chief, king”).
Inflected forms:
form: basilei
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: basileis
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A title of the Byzantine emperor.
pos: noun
examples: For two centuries its towers and domes were to rise in the heavens, drawing the attention of Emperors and Basilei, of Popes and Patriarchs.
Although portrayals of basileis of the eleventh century wearing the loros in the traditional manner are not lacking, I cannot cite a Byzantine example of metropolitan origin later than 1100.
The revitalization of the Byzantine Empire during the reigns of the energetic and capable basilei of the Comnens dynasty: Alexios I (1081-1118), John II (1118-1143) and Manuel (1143-1180), and the wars with a Rum Sultanate troubled by dynastic fights drastically diminished its possessions in Anatolia.
It is quite easy to establish the identity of these “Roman princes” who reoccupied Pannonia after Attila’s death: they were the basilei from Constantinople who, after the fall of the Western Roman Empire, claimed to be the only successors of the Caesars (around the turn of the 9ᵗʰ century they began to call themselves “basilei of the Romans”—“basileis ton Romanon” or “Romaion”).
In our third example, the tyrant Nabis usurped power from the traditional, dual basileis of Sparta, then had them executed.
The basileis of the Iron Age were now replaced with various appointed and elected magistrates.
It would probably be worth seeking a possible connection-and-overlay between the name of one of the Byzantine basilei of the 9th century and the godfather of Boris I, Michael III, and that of the Bulgarian ruler Boris-Michael himself, who also lived in that age.
“Peter and Maria basilei of Bugaria,” “Peter and Maria in Christ autocrats of the Bulgarians,” and “Peter and Maria in Christ august autocrats and basilei.”
Translations:
brig
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: Abbreviated from brigantine, from Italian brigantino; in sense “jail”, from the use of such ships as prisons.
Inflected forms:
form: brigs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A two-masted vessel, square-rigged on both foremast and mainmast
pos: noun
gloss: A jail or guardhouse, especially in a naval military prison or jail on a ship, navy base, or (in fiction) spacecraft.
pos: noun
tags: US
Related words: gun-brig
hermaphrodite brig
Derived words: brig rat
Translations:
brigantine
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: Attested 1525, for a small rowing vessel, from earlier brigandyns, from Middle French brigandin, probably from Italian brigante (“skirmisher, pirate, brigand”), from Latin brigō (“to fight”).
Inflected forms:
form: brigantines
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: a two-masted vessel, square-rigged on the foremast, but fore-and-aft-rigged mainsail with a square-rig above it on the mainmast.
pos: noun
examples: The Galles and thoſe pilling Briggandines,
That yeerely ſaile to the Uenetian goulfe,
And houer in the ſtraightes for Chriſtians wracke,
Shall lie at anchor in the Iſle Aſant.
Translations:
zoysia
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: After Karl von Zois zu Laubach, Austrian botanist.
Inflected forms:
form: zoysias
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of a genus (Zoysia) of creeping perennial grasses of southern Asia and New Zealand having fine wiry leaves and including some suitable for lawn grasses, especially in warm regions.
pos: noun
examples: In areas farther north, zoysias will live but will not spread. Zoysias need bright, hot sunlight.
Translations:
zwieback
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From German Zwieback, from zwie- (“twi-, two-”) + backen (“to bake”) (i.e. “twice-baked”), a calque of Italian biscotto (but not to be confused with it).
Inflected forms:
form: zwiebacks
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A form of rusk, usually sweetened bread enriched with eggs that is baked and then sliced and toasted until dry and crisp; considered easy to digest and therefore given to the ill and used as a teething food for toddlers.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Ogden Nash, Adventures Of Isabel
She nibbled the zwieback that she always fed off,
And when it was gone, she cut the giant's head off.
Translations:
septicemia
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from New Latin sēpticaemia, from Latin sēpticus + -aemia.
Inflected forms:
form: septicemias
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: septicaemia
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: septicæmia
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A disease caused by the presence of pathogenic organisms, especially bacteria, or their toxins, in the bloodstream, characterized by chills and fever.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
broadside
Part of speech: noun
adv
verb
Morphological type: compound
Topics: nautical
transport
Etymology: From broad + side.
Compound parts: broad
side
Inflected forms:
form: broadsides
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: broadsides
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: broadsiding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: broadsided
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: broadsided
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: One side of a ship above the waterline.
pos: noun
gloss: All the guns on one side of a warship.
pos: noun
gloss: The simultaneous firing of these guns.
pos: noun
examples: Broadside! What fools to face our guns!
gloss: A forceful attack, whether written or spoken.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
examples: Although slaveholders managed - through a combination of political compromise and ideological broadside - to contain the threat of a major anti-slavery compaign by fellow Southerners, planters could never be totally sure of non-slaveholders' loyalty to the social order.
Fernández's diplomatic broadside follows the British government's decision last month to name a large frozen chunk of Antarctica after the Queen – a gesture viewed in Buenos Aires as provocative.
He delivered a broadside to the RMT leadership, saying: "This response to a significantly enhanced offer exposes their true priority - using the British public and NR workers as pawns in a fight with the Government.
gloss: A large sheet of paper, printed on one side and folded.
pos: noun
gloss: The printed lyrics of a folk song or ballad; a broadsheet.
pos: noun
gloss: Sideways; with the side turned to the direction of some object.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: [...] the slight fluctuations [in speed] were due to a strong side-wind, which caught the train broadside along exposed stretches of the line.
1977-1980, Lou Sullivan, personal diary, quoted in 2019, Ellis Martin, Zach Ozma (editors), We Both Laughed In Pleasure
They were going some 60-80 mph [on a motorcycle] down a 30 mph street, hit a car broadside & Pat pushed against Bert, who was crushed into the side of the car.
gloss: To collide with something side-on.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Derived words: broadside ironclad
broadside on
broadsider
Translations:
marquess
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: See marquis for etymology. Note also that marquess is very unusual in the English language in that it ends in -ess but is a masculine term. The title is granted only to males (the female equivalent is marchioness).
Inflected forms:
form: marquesses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: marquis
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: marquesse
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A title of nobility for a man ranking beneath a duke and above an earl (count).
pos: noun
gloss: Synonym of marchioness, a female marquess.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
examples: Anne Boleyn was created Marquess of Pembroke in 1532
Related words: march
marchioness
marchy
mark
marquis
marquisate
marquisdom
marquise
Derived words: marquessate
Translations:
disillusion
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From dis- + illusion: literally, the removal or undoing of illusion.
Base: illusion
Affixes: dis-
Inflected forms:
form: disillusions
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: disillusioning
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: disillusioned
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: disillusioned
pos: verb
tags: past
form: disillusions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To free or deprive of illusion; to disenchant.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: To disillusion a man is not to break him, but to open his eyes to the machinery behind the curtain.
gloss: The act or process of disenchanting or freeing from a false belief or illusion.
pos: noun
tags: countable
usually
gloss: The state of being freed from a constructed or imposed illusion; the recognition of an underlying truth previously obscured by a false or controlled narrative.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: Disillusion is not disappointment; it is the breaking of the spell—the moment the veil falls and truth becomes inescapable.
Translations:
Hamilton
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Old English *Hameldūne, from hamel (“blunt, flat-topped”) + dūne (“hill”). The Scottish surname is from the place in Leicestershire. The dollar-bill sense is from the portrait of Alexander Hamilton featured on it.
Inflected forms:
form: Hamiltons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A United States ten-dollar bill.
pos: noun
tags: slang
examples: I think the girls all work for $200 p/hr, give or take a few Hamiltons.
We all know that the stock cooler that comes with your CPU will get the job done, but it won't be exceptionally cool, nor are stock coolers particularly quiet or attractive. Aftermarket coolers, on the other hand, are all of the above, and usually cost just a few Hamiltons.
All these products cost around $30 each, but although you can use other methods to accomplish the same result without any cost at all, we think the simplicity of using a single program is well worth a few Hamiltons.
Translations:
purport
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English purporten, from Anglo-Norman purporter and Old French porporter (“convey, contain, carry”), from pur-, from Latin pro (“forth”) + Old French porter (“carry”), from Latin portō (“carry”).
Inflected forms:
form: purports
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: purporting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: purported
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: purported
pos: verb
tags: past
form: purports
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To convey, imply, or profess (often falsely or inaccurately).
pos: verb
examples: He purports himself to be an international man of affairs.
The intermediate station seen here, Llanbister Road, is 5 hilly miles by road from the town it purports to serve.
gloss: To intend.
pos: verb
examples: He purported to become an international man of affairs.
In all cases, however, although micronations may purport to assert sovereignty in any number of ways, they remain conceptually distinct from recognised sovereign states.
gloss: Import, intention or purpose.
pos: noun
examples: My practice, you say, refutes my doubts. But you mistake the purport of my question.
Sorrowful, phantasmal as this same Double Aristocracy of Teachers and Governors now looks, it is worth all men’s while to know that the purport of it is, and remains, noble and most real.
A child’s brain starts functioning at birth; and has, amongst its many infant convolutions, thousands of dormant atoms, into which God has put a mystic possibility for noticing an adult’s act, and figuring out its purport.
gloss: A disguise; a covering.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
examples: For she her sex under that strange purport / Did use to hide.
Derived words: purportion
purportless
Translations:
asepsis
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Hellenic *ə-
Ancient Greek ἀ- (a-)der.
English a-
English sepsis
English asepsis
From a- + sepsis.
Inflected forms:
form: asepses
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The state of being free from sepsis.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
gloss: The process of removing pathogenic organisms or protecting against such organisms.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Translations:
ninety-eight
Part of speech: num
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: The cardinal number immediately following ninety-seven — ninety plus eight — and preceding ninety-nine.
pos: num
Translations:
mescaline
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English mescal
Proto-Indo-European *-nós
Proto-Indo-European *-iHnos
Proto-Italic *-īnos
Latin -īnusder.
Old French -inbor.
Middle English -in
English -ine
English mescaline
From mescal (“peyote”) + -ine.
Inflected forms:
form: mescalines
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: mescalin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A hallucinogenic and intoxicating compound present in the peyote cactus (Lophophora williamsii), the San Pedro cactus (Echinopsis pachanoi), and the Peruvian torch (Echinopsis peruviana).
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
examples: We had two bags of grass, seventy-five pellets of mescaline, five sheets of high-powered blotter acid, a salt shaker half full of cocaine, and a whole galaxy of multi-colored uppers, downers, screamers, laughers . . . and also a quart of tequila, a quart of rum, a case of Budweiser, a pint of raw ether and two dozen amyls.
Translations:
longest
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English long
Proto-Indo-European *-yōs
Proto-Indo-European *-tHós
Proto-Indo-European *-istHos
Proto-Germanic *-istaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ist
Old English -est
Middle English -est
English -est
English longest
From long + -est.
Inflected forms:
form: longests
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Something that is longer than all others in its class.
pos: noun
examples: The game's legacy transcended all the longests and firsts for UCLA. It inspired Salcedo to want to play for the Bruins, especially after the team awarded him a championship ring at its postseason banquet.
Translations:
doddle
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Uncertain. Possibly from dialectal English doddle (“to toddle; sway; nod drowsily”).
Inflected forms:
form: doddles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: dawdle
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A job, task, or other activity that is easy to complete or simple.
pos: noun
tags: Australia
Ireland
UK
informal
examples: Centurion: Have you ever seen anyone crucified? / Matthias: Crucifixion's a doddle.
Retailing in Europe's biggest economy, with 82m mostly well-off people, may sound a doddle. It is not.
He was a QC from Edinburgh, wearing the black jacket and pinstripe trousers of his trade, as if straight from court, and probably persuaded to come in the belief that if you could interest the Budhill and Springboig party in the repressive Gaullist policies in Algeria then becoming Solicitor-General was a dawdle.
Translations:
upsetting
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: upsettings
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: more upsetting
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most upsetting
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: An overturning or disarrangement.
pos: noun
examples: the upsettings of all their careful plans
gloss: Causing upset; distressing, unsettling, hurtful.
pos: adj
examples: He found taking his cat to the vet to be put down very upsetting.
The bodies lying at the scene of the crash were an upsetting sight.
gloss: Conceited; presumptuous.
pos: adj
tags: Scotland
Translations:
lang: Albanian
word: shqetësues
lang: Ancient Greek
word: ταρακτικός
roman: taraktikós
lang: Russian
word: расстраивающий
roman: rasstraivajuščij
lang: Russian
word: тревожащий
roman: trevožaščij
lang: Spanish
word: perturbante
lang: Spanish
word: molestoso
lang: Spanish
word: trastornoso
lang: Spanish
word: alertante
woeful
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English woful, waful, equivalent to woe + -ful. Compare Old English wālīċ (“woeful”), Old English tēonful (“woeful”).
Base: woe
Affixes: -ful
Inflected forms:
form: woefuller
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: woefullest
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: woful
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: wofull
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Full of woe; sorrowful; distressed with grief or calamity.
pos: adj
examples: How many woeful widows left to bow / To sad disgrace!
gloss: Bringing calamity, distress, or affliction.
pos: adj
examples: a woeful event
a woeful lack of restraint
gloss: Lamentable, deplorable.
pos: adj
examples: Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy:
This wide and universal theatre
Presents more woeful pageants than the scene
Wherein we play in.
gloss: Wretched; paltry; poor.
pos: adj
examples: What woful stuff this madrigal would be / In some starv'd hackney sonneteer or me!
Derived words: woefully
woefulness
Translations:
campo
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English camp(us)
English -o
English campo
From camp(us) + -o.
Inflected forms:
form: campos
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A police officer assigned to a university campus.
pos: noun
tags: US
slang
examples: Baker Fountain [is] fun to run through, if you can avoid slipping or getting busted by the Campos.
Translations:
ebullient
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowing from Latin ēbulliēns, present participle of ēbulliō (“to boil”), from bulliō (“to bubble up”) (English boil). Compare bubbling, bubbly, and perky, which use a similar metaphor.
Inflected forms:
form: more ebullient
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most ebullient
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Enthusiastic; high-spirited.
pos: adj
examples: The Spring will come with its ebullient blood, / With flush of roses and imperial eyes
Marina's oddly ebullient words seemed to come to her slow as balloons
Boris Johnson, the ebullient editor of the Spectator and Tory MP for Henley, is at the centre of a Scotland Yard inquiry over an allegedly racist article by the columnist Taki which provoked death threats against a leading black lawyer.
But now, as an ebullient Mr. Milei declares his government the most successful in history and assures Argentines they’ll soon collect on the economic revival he pledged would follow the pain, the bar is getting higher even as risks remain.
gloss: Of a liquid: boiling and bubbling, or agitated as if boiling.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
gloss: Causing heat.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
examples: It is allowed, that Senates and great Councils are often troubled with redundant, ebullient, and other peccant Humours, with many Diſeaſes of the Head and more of the Heart; with ſtrong Convulſions, with grievous Contractions of the Nerves and Sinews in both Hands, but eſpecially the Right; with Spleen, Flatus, Vertigos and Deliriums; with Scrophulous Tumors full of fœtid purulent Matter; with ſower frothy Ructations, with Canine Appetites and Crudeneſs of Digeſtion, beſides many others needleſs to mention.
Derived words: ebulliently
Translations:
atrophy
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
pathology
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from French atrophie, from Latin atrophia, from Ancient Greek ἀτροφία (atrophía, “a wasting away”), from ἄτροφος (átrophos, “ill-fed, un-nourished”), from ἀ- (a-, “not”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”), from τρέφω (tréphō, “to fatten”). Equivalent to a- + -trophy.
Affixes: a-
-trophy
Inflected forms:
form: atrophies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: atrophies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: atrophying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: atrophied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: atrophied
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A reduction in the functionality of an organ caused by disease, injury or lack of use.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Now that chatbots are going the way of Google—moving from the miraculous to the taken-for-granted—the anxiety has shifted, too, from apocalypse to atrophy. Teachers, especially, say they’re beginning to see the rot. The term for it is unlovely but not inapt: de-skilling.
gloss: To wither or waste away.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Boy. I love summer vacation. I can feel my brain beginning to atrophy already.
The M10 highway looks normal enough at the southern limits of St. Petersburg, but then, with a jolt, it begins to atrophy. For the next 430 miles the surface of the highway, while paved, varies from corduroy to jaw-rattling patchwork.
gloss: To cause to waste away or become abortive; to starve or weaken.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Cold silence has a tendency to atrophy any sense of compassion
Antonyms: hypertrophy
strengthen
Related words: -trophy
hypotrophy
decondition
Translations:
hypertrophy
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: bodybuilding
hobbies
lifestyle
medicine
sciences
sports
Etymology: From French hypertrophie, from Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér, “over, excessive”) + τροφή (trophḗ, “nourishment”), equivalent to hyper- + -trophy.
Affixes: hyper-
-trophy
Inflected forms:
form: hypertrophies
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: hypertrophies
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: hypertrophying
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: hypertrophied
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: hypertrophied
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Ectopic chondrocyte hypertrophy has been demonstrated in OA, suggesting that the pathogenetical process involves a recapitulation of endochondral ossification [ 11 – 13 ].
gloss: An increase in the size of an organ or tissue due to the enlargement of its individual cells.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: Of a tissue or organ, to increase in size.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To enlarge or extend.
pos: verb
tags: broadly
examples: But when text hypertrophies into a riot of contending inscripturations, we lose too much of what matters most in writing.
Like a well-exercised muscle, 'network' has hypertrophied into a master concept.
Derived words: antihypertrophy
cardiohypertrophy
eccentric hypertrophy
hemihypertrophy
hypertrophic
hypertrophical
hypertrophically
hypertrophous
lipohypertrophy
prehypertrophy
pseudohypertrophy
Translations:
lang: Catalan
word: hipertròfia
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 肥大
roman: féidà
lang: Dutch
word: hypertrofie
lang: Esperanto
word: hipertrofio
lang: Finnish
word: hypertrofia
lang: French
word: hypertrophie
lang: German
word: Hypertrophie
lang: Greek
word: υπερτροφία
roman: ypertrofía
lang: Indonesian
word: hipertrofi
lang: Irish
word: hipeartrófacht
lang: Italian
word: ipertrofia
lang: Japanese
word: 肥大
roman: hidai
lang: Korean
word: 비대
roman: bidae
lang: Latin
word: hypertrophia
lang: Macedonian
word: хипертрофија
roman: hipertrofija
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: hypertrofi
lang: Polish
word: hipertrofia
lang: Polish
word: przerost
lang: Portuguese
word: hipertrofia
lang: Romanian
word: hipertrofie
lang: Russian
word: гипертрофи́я
roman: gipertrofíja
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: хипертро̀фија
lang: Serbo-Croatian
word: hipertròfija
lang: Spanish
word: hipertrofia
lang: Swedish
word: hypertrofi
lang: Vietnamese
word: sự nở to
illuminate
Part of speech: verb
adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: government
military
politics
war
Etymology: From Middle English illuminaten, borrowed from Latin illūminātus, perfect passive participle of illūminō (“lighten, light up, show off”) (see -ate (verb-forming suffix) for more), from in + lūminō (“light up”), from lūmen (“light”). Cognate with Old English lȳman (“to glow, shine”). More at leam.
Affixes: -ate
Inflected forms:
form: illuminates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: illuminating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: illuminated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: illuminated
pos: verb
tags: past
form: more illuminate
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most illuminate
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: illuminates
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To shine light on something.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Nero illuminated his gardens with live Christians soaked in tar, and we were now treated to a similar spectacle, probably for the first time since his day, only happily our lamps were not living ones.
A light that is one foot away from the subject's face will completely illuminate the face, but leave the rest of the body softer and darker.
Riding along the busy, narrow roads of Bali on her scooter with the sun illuminating her face, Victoria Kjos has a clear destination in sight — the beach.
gloss: To decorate something with lights.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To clarify or make something understandable.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
transitive
examples: The situation, as it was, made it more difficult for him to leave. Yet it illuminated the very reasons why he had to go.
gloss: To decorate the page of a manuscript book with ornamental designs.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To make spectacular.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
transitive
examples: Hodgson's approach may not illuminate proceedings in Poland and Ukraine but early evidence suggests they will be tough to break down.
gloss: To glow; to light up.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Red diode in button illuminates when camera runs at speed set in five-digit speed selector.
Say my name / and every color illuminates. / We are shining / […]
gloss: To be exposed to light.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To direct a radar beam toward.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: Enlightened, illuminated, made bright.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
examples: February 28 1630, Joseph Hall, The Hypocrite
do ye see an illuminate elder of the anabaptists rapt in divine ecstasies?
gloss: Enlightened spiritually, divinely taught or inspired; in technical use, converted, baptized.
pos: adj
tags: figuratively
gloss: Learned, erudite.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
gloss: Someone thought to have an unusual degree of enlightenment.
pos: noun
Synonyms: enlighten
illumine
quill
shine
alight
beshine
bright
fire
illume
illuminate
irradiate
light
lighten
light up
luster
lustrate
shed light on
Antonyms: endarken
Related words: luminous
lumens
Derived words: counterilluminate
disilluminate
illuminative
illuminator
interilluminate
preilluminate
reilluminate
retroilluminate
transilluminate
Translations:
propone
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin prōpōnō (“place before; offer, propose”), via Scots [Term?].
Inflected forms:
form: propones
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: proponing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: proponed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: proponed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To propose or put forward for discussion or consideration.
pos: verb
tags: Scotland
transitive
Translations:
proponent
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: law
Etymology: From Latin prōpōnēns, present participle of prōpōnō (“to put forward; propose”).
Inflected forms:
form: proponents
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who supports something; an advocate.
pos: noun
examples: Proponents of the race — notably Mayor Michael R. Bloomberg and Mary Wittenberg, director of the marathon — said the event would provide a needed morale boost, as well as an economic one.
gloss: One who makes a proposal or proposition.
pos: noun
gloss: One who propounds a will for probate.
pos: noun
gloss: Making proposals; proposing.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Synonyms: exponent
Antonyms: detractor
opponent
Related words: apropos
propone
propound
propose
Derived words: multiproponent
proponency
Translations:
kinder
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From German Kinder (“children”), sometimes via Yiddish קינדער (kinder, “children”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Children.
pos: noun
tags: humorous
plural
plural-only
examples: But - let wifey leave him with the kinder while out shopping...
Of special interest to the kinder are The Children's Place, Baby Gap, Gap Kids and Gap, Gymboree, The Limited, America!, and the Sweet Factory.
Do note, as Goin mentions, this is a policy better implemented when the kinder are well past infancy.
Translations:
prestidigitation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From French prestidigitation, from French preste (“nimble, quick”) + Latin digitus (“finger”) + French -ation (process suffix). The word has a different origin from prestige, even though this in the past has meant “delusion, illusion, trick”.
Base: preste
Affixes: -ation
Inflected forms:
form: prestidigitations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A performance of or skill in performing magic or conjuring tricks with the hands.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: My favorite prestidigitation was when he pulled the live dove out of that tiny scarf.
He borrowed another hat and displayed its perfect emptiness; he held up his empty hands: "This is one of the most marvellous bits of prestidigitation known," he said. "You have all seen this hat holds nothing in the world: I will now see if I can extract anything from its emptiness. You can all observe my hands go nowhere but into the hat, and they are both open and turned to you. Yet what is this?"
gloss: A show of skill or deceitful cleverness.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
countable
uncountable
examples: His writing was peppered with verbal tricks and prestidigitation.
The more modest place became the picture better; yet, as my eyes grew accustomed to the half-light, all the characteristic qualities came out--all the hesitations disguised as audacities, the tricks of prestidigitation by which, with such consummate skill, he managed to divert attention from the real business of the picture to some pretty irrelevance of detail.
Synonyms: conjuration
conjuring
dweomercraft
hocus-pocus
illusionism
jugglery
legerdemain
magic
prestidigitation
prestigiation
sleight of hand
Related words: prestidigitator
Translations:
dead-end
Part of speech: adj
verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more dead-end
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most dead-end
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: deadend
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: dead-ends
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: dead-ending
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: dead-ended
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: dead-ended
pos: verb
tags: past
form: deadend
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: dead-ends
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: deadend
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Going nowhere; blocked.
pos: adj
examples: a dead-end street
a dead-end job
[...] as it approached Platform 9 at Moorgate, the train, which ought to have been going at 15 miles an hour, was travelling at 35 m.p.h., and apparently accelerating. It smashed into the head wall of the 60-foot dead-end tunnel because, as we have seen, the Metropolitan's plans to extend the line south had come to nothing.
gloss: To come to a dead-end.
pos: verb
tags: US
examples: Watch out! The road dead-ends in 200 yards and there's nowhere to turn around!
gloss: To come to nothing; to reach a hopeless situation.
pos: verb
tags: broadly
examples: Dumas' tangle of unrequited, misplaced and dead-ended love
gloss: A road with no exit.
pos: noun
examples: We turned into the street and realised it was a dead-end.
gloss: A position that offers no hope of progress.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
figuratively
examples: Mary realised her relationship with Jim had hit a dead-end.
Translations:
dogfood
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: compound
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From dog + food.
Compound parts: dog
food
Inflected forms:
form: dogfoods
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: dogfooding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: dogfooded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: dogfooded
pos: verb
tags: past
form: dog food
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: dog-food
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To eat one's own dog food, to use products developed by oneself or by one’s own company as end users.
pos: verb
tags: slang
transitive
examples: We're dog-fooding that release now, in three-weekly sprints.
Translations:
liking
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English likinge, from Old English līcung (“pleasing; pleasure; gratification; liking”), equivalent to like + -ing.
Base: like
Affixes: -ing
Inflected forms:
form: likings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A like; a predilection.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The likings and dislikings of society, or of some powerful portion of it, are thus the main thing which has practically determined the rules laid down for general observance, under the penalties of law or opinion.
The Ivorian is a player with such a liking for improvisation it does not usually look like he has any more idea than anyone else what he is going to do next, so it was an interesting choice.
gloss: Approval.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
countable
uncountable
examples: goods bought on liking
Synonyms: predilection
Derived words: for one's liking
good liking
likingness
take a liking to
to someone's liking
Translations:
overdose
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From over- + dose.
Base: dose#noun
Affixes: over-
Inflected forms:
form: overdoses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: overdoses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: overdosing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: overdosed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: overdosed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: An excessive and dangerous dose of a drug.
pos: noun
examples: to die of a heroin overdose
It works for a while, but when Spider-Man maneuvers him ouside the hospital room where Harry is recovering from his overdose, some part of the Goblin's brain that's still the loving father surfaces, drives him unconscious, and when next he wakes up, all memory of his being a super-villain is conveniently wiped clean.
Drug overdoses are the leading cause of accidental death in West Virginia, and the state leads the country in fatal drug overdoses. OxyContin—nicknamed “hillbilly heroin”—is king.
After 15, 30, 60 or 90 days, the animals (n = 5 per time point for each subgroup) were sacrificed via an overdose of ketamine and xylazine hydrochloride (Vetbrands Brazil Limited, Jacareí, SP), and the hemimaxillae were removed and fixed in 10% formalin solution (Fig 1 ).
gloss: To dose to excess; to give an overdose, or too many doses, to someone.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To dose excessively, to take an overdose.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: Be careful not to overdose on those pills.
She overdosed on cocaine.
gloss: To indulge in something excessively.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
intransitive
examples: They still had Sergio Agüero to bring off the bench and the Etihad was overdosing on optimism. For the game to finish with an aggregate 5-1 score distorts the fact the occasion was full of drama and suspense until Salah’s goal conclusively changed the complexion of the evening.
Claude overdosed on smack in a Chicago flophouse three years later.
Related words: overdosage
Derived words: OD
overdoser
Translations:
banister
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Alteration of earlier barrester, ballester, corruptions of baluster.
Inflected forms:
form: banisters
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: bannister
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: banisters
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: banistering
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: banistered
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: banistered
pos: verb
tags: past
form: bannister
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The rail on the side of a staircase that a person's hand holds onto.
pos: noun
examples: wooden banister
polished banister
lean on the banister
She slid down the wooden banister like a child.
He grasped the banister as he climbed the stairs.
gloss: One of the vertical supports of such a handrail.
pos: noun
gloss: To construct a banister.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To act as a banister.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Related words: newel
balustrade
Translations:
OD
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: ODs
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: OD's
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: ODing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: OD'ing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: OD-ing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: ODed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: ODed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: OD'd
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: OD'd
pos: verb
tags: past
form: OD'ed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: OD'ed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To take an overdose of a drug, to overdose.
pos: verb
tags: informal
examples: She told me she'd love me and I told her I'd do the same / Then I OD'd in Denver and I just can't remember her name
‘My brother,[…], is at Radley, on account of my parents thinking it a bad idea to have us both at the same school.’
‘On account of your being twins?’ said Adrian.
‘Right, on account of my mother OD-ing on fertility drugs.[…]’
Translations: