castle
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: ball-games
board-games
chess
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
shogi
sports
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱes-der.
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-tromder.
Proto-Italic *kastrom
Latin castrum
Proto-Indo-European *-lós
Proto-Indo-European *-elós
Proto-Italic *-elos
Latin -lum
Latin castellumbor.
Proto-West Germanic *kastell
Old English castel
Middle English castel
English castle
From Middle English castle, castel, from late Old English castel, castell (“a town, village”), borrowed from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”), diminutive of Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”). Doublet of cashel, castell, castellum, and château.
Parallel borrowings (from Late Latin or Old French) are Scots castel, castell (“castle”), West Frisian kastiel (“castle”), Dutch kasteel (“castle”), German Kastell (“castle”), Danish kastel (“citadel”), Swedish kastell (“citadel”), Icelandic kastali (“castle”), Welsh castell.
The late Old English word was borrowed from biblical Latin castellum which has been translated as town or village. With the sense of castle, from Anglo-Norman/Old Northern French castel (“castle”), itself from Late Latin castellum (“small camp, fort”) (compare modern French château from Old French chastel). If Latin castrum (“camp, fort, citadel, stronghold”) is from Proto-Indo-European *kat- (“hut, shed”), Latin casa (“cottage, hut”) is related. Possibly related also to Gothic 𐌷𐌴𐌸𐌾𐍉 (hēþjō, “chamber”), Old English heaþor (“restraint, confinement, enclosure, prison”). See also casino, cassock.
Inflected forms:
form: castles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: castles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: castling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: castled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: castled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A large residential building or compound that is fortified and contains many defences; in previous ages often inhabited by a nobleman or king. Also, a house or mansion with some of the architectural features of medieval castles.
pos: noun
gloss: An instance of castling.
pos: noun
gloss: A rook; a chess piece shaped like a castle tower.
pos: noun
tags: informal
gloss: A defense structure in shogi formed by defensive pieces surrounding the king.
pos: noun
gloss: A close helmet.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
examples: The castle was perhaps a figurative name for a close headpiece deduced from its enclosing and defending the head, as a castle did the whole body; or a corruption from the Old French word casquetel, a small or light helmet.
gloss: Any strong, imposing, and stately palace or mansion.
pos: noun
tags: dated
gloss: A small tower, as on a ship, or an elephant's back.
pos: noun
tags: dated
gloss: The wicket.
pos: noun
tags: colloquial
examples: Nay, he was quite an adept, and was very effective as a change bowler, for in no time he demolished the castle of any batsman.
gloss: To house or keep in a castle.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: ...to encastle, to Castle.
...Some fierce tribe, castled on the mountain-peak...
gloss: To protect or separate in a similar way.
pos: verb
tags: figuratively
transitive
examples: Castle me in the armes of thy everlasting strength.
gloss: To make into a castle: to build in the form of a castle or add (real or imitation) battlements to an existing building.
pos: verb
tags: obsolete
gloss: To move the king 2 squares right or left and, in the same turn, the nearest rook to the far side of the king. The move now has special rules: the king cannot be in, go through, or end in check; the squares between the king and rook must be vacant; and neither piece may have been moved before castling.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
usually
examples: He [i.e., the king] may change (or Castle) with this Rooke, that is, he may goe two draughts at once towards this Rooke... causing the Rooke to stand next to him on either side.
No. 24. ¶ If your adversary make a false move, castle improperly, &c., you must take notice of such irregularity before you move, or even touch a piece, or you are no longer allowed to inflict any penalties.
If a player having the move: […] touches his/her king and a rook he/she must castle on that side if it is legal to do so
gloss: To create a similar defensive position in Japanese chess through several moves.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
usually
gloss: To bowl a batsman with a full-length ball or yorker such that the stumps are knocked over.
pos: verb
examples: And the 23-year-old brought the crowd to their feet when he castled Gayle's stumps, signalling the direction of the pavilion to his friend for good measure.
He bowled Vinay with a full, straight ball that castled off stump and then dished up a yorker that RP Singh backed away to and sent onto his stumps.
Related words: castelet
castell
castellan
castellar
castellate
castellated
castellation
castellum
Derived words: aftcastle
aftercastle
air castle
a man's home is his castle
an Englishman's home is his castle
Ayton Castle
Barnard Castle
becastled
Bishop's Castle
bouncing castle
bouncy castle
build castles in the air
Burgh Castle
Castle
Castle Acre
Castle Ashby
Castlebellingham
Castleblayney
Castle Bolton
Castle Bromwich
castlebuilder
castlebuilding
Castle Bytham
Castle Caereinion
Castle Cary
Castle Combe
Castle Cove
Castlecrag
Castle Dale
Castledawson
castle doctrine
Castle Donington
Castle Donnington
Castle Douglas
Castle Doyle
Castle Eden
Castleford
castleful
Castle Green
Castle Gresley
castle-guard
Castle Hedingham
Castle Hill
Castle Hot Springs
castle in the air
castle in the skies
castleless
castlelike
Castle Mountain
castle nut
castle of love
Castle Point
castle pudding
Castle Rising
Castle Rock
Castlerock
castlet
castle thunder
Castletown
castlette
Castle Vale
castleward
castle-wick
castlewise
castle-work
castlewright
cat-castle
Corfe Castle
counter-castle
coward's castle
Elephant and Castle
Elmley Castle
fairy castle cactus
fo'castle
fo'c's'le
fo'c'sle
fo'c'stle
forecastle
Greencastle
Hanley Castle
Hopton Castle
ice castle
inflatable castle
jumping castle
king of the castle
milecastle
Mountcastle
New Castle
Newcastle
pseudocastle
Redcastle
Richard's Castle
Rowlands Castle
sandcastle
snow castle
starter castle
sterncastle
summer-castle
toll castle
uncastle
Wolf's Castle
worm castle
castle up
castle short
castle long
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: правя рокада
roman: pravja rokada
lang: Catalan
word: enrocar
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 王車易位 /王车易位
roman: wáng chē yìwèi
lang: Czech
word: rochovat
lang: Czech
word: provést rošádu
lang: Danish
word: rokere
lang: Dutch
word: rokeren
lang: Esperanto
word: aroko
lang: Finnish
word: tornittaa
lang: Finnish
word: linnoittautua
lang: French
word: roquer
lang: Galician
word: enrocar
lang: German
word: rochieren
lang: Hungarian
word: sáncol
lang: Icelandic
word: hrókera
lang: Ido
word: roquar
lang: Irish
word: caisligh
lang: Polish
word: wieża
lang: Polish
word: roszada
lang: Portuguese
word: rocar
lang: Romanian
word: face rocadă
lang: Russian
word: рокирова́ться
roman: rokirovátʹsja
lang: Slovak
word: vykonať rošádu
lang: Slovene
word: rokirati
lang: Spanish
word: enrocar
lang: Swedish
word: rockera
lang: Turkish
word: rok atmak