yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
infundibular
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
sciences
Etymology: From infundibul(um) + -ar. By surface analysis, infundibul- + -ar.
Base: infundibulum
Affixes: -ar
Inflected forms:
form: more infundibular
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most infundibular
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Having the shape of a funnel.
pos: adj
examples: Baconfield […] began to explore, first the blebs and blisters of that infundibular terrain, and then, naked as a worm and carrying a torch, the very catacombs themselves.
gloss: having to do with an infundibulum
pos: adj
Derived words: hypothalamo-infundibular
infundibularform
postinfundibular
preinfundibular
retroinfundibular
tuberoinfundibular
Translations:
virtuosic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Etymology tree
Late Latin vir
Late Latin -tūs
Late Latin virtūs
Late Latin -ōsus
Late Latin virtuōsusbor.
Italian virtuosobor.
English virtuoso
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English virtuosic
From virtuoso + -ic.
Inflected forms:
form: more virtuosic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most virtuosic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: requiring a high level of technical skill.
pos: adj
gloss: impressive and sometimes flamboyant.
pos: adj
examples: The older cousins were surrounding Barak as he performed virtuosic acts of extreme violence on a TV so large one had to sit against the opposite wall to see its edges.
Derived words: virtuosically
Translations:
cross-phrasing
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Etymology tree
English cross-
English phrasing
English cross-phrasing
From cross- + phrasing.
Inflected forms:
form: cross-phrasings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Musical device with a syncopated effect, usually when groups of three quavers cut across the beat.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
usually
Translations:
pavane
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: dance
dancing
entertainment
hobbies
lifestyle
music
sports
Etymology: From French pavane, from dialectal Italian pavana, contraction of the older padovana, feminine of padovano, meaning from the city of Padua (Italian Padova, dialectal form Pava).
Inflected forms:
form: pavanes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pavan
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: paven
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: pavian
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: pavin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: pavonne
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A musical style characteristic of the 16th and 17th centuries.
pos: noun
examples: […] if the men should not agree what to play, but one would have a grave Pavane, another a nimbler Galliard, a third some frisking toy or Iigg, and then all of them should be wilful, none yield to his fellow, but every one scrape on his own tune as loud as he could: what a hideous hateful noise may you imagine would such a mess of Musick be?
And he tasted in the language of memory ambered wines, dying fallings of sweet airs, the proud pavan […]
gloss: A moderately slow, courtly processional dance in duple time/meter.
pos: noun
examples: Why then be merry; be merry, or I’le be
Out of humour, and then who shall dance the Pavan
With Ossorio?
The pavane† was quite popular at the time when Tabouret wrote his treatise, and he ventured the opinion that it would never cease to be so. It is not many years since an attempt was made in Paris to revive the dance, but it must be confessed that the modern adaption did not seem to bear any particularly striking resemblance to the original movement.
Some day, when the Wateaus of the future are painting the court ladies who again dance pavanes in sunlit glades, wearing wigs and crinoline, such data will amuse.
[…] sweet to us it is to behold delightful dancing, be it the stately splendour of the Pavane which progresseth as large clouds at sun-down that pass by in splendour; or the graceful Allemande; or the Fandango, which goeth by degrees from languorous beauty to the swiftness and passion of Bacchanals dancing on the high lawns under a summer moon that hangeth in the pine trees; or the joyous maze of the Galliard; or the Gigue, dear to the Foliots.
From the wings I heard and watched the pavane of tragedy move steadily toward its climax.
Translations:
supertonic
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Italic *super
Latin super
Latin super-lbor.
English super-
Ancient Greek τονῐκός (tonĭkós)
English tonic
English supertonic
From super- + tonic.
Inflected forms:
form: supertonics
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The second note in a diatonic scale.
pos: noun
Translations:
ing
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English ing, ynge, enge, from Old English ing, *eng (“a meadow; ing”), from Proto-Germanic *angijō (“meadow”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂énkos (“a bend; curve; bowl; hollow; dell; glen”), from *h₂enk- (“to bend; curve; bow”). Cognate with Scots eng (“ing; meadow”), Dutch eng (“pasture; farmland”), Danish eng (“meadow”), Swedish äng (“meadow; field”), Norwegian eng (“meadow”), Faroese ong (“grassland; meadow; pasture”), Icelandic eng (“a meadow”), Icelandic engi (“a meadow; meadowland”).
Inflected forms:
form: ings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A meadow, especially a low meadow near a river; water meadow.
pos: noun
examples: Ings, glens, and fens of the Highlands.
Bill for dividing and inclosing certain open common fields, ings, common pastures, and other commonable lands.
[There] lay an extent of meadow grounds, in ings, to afford a supply of hay.
Translations:
imbibition
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English imbibicion, inbibicioun, from Middle French imbibicion. By surface analysis, imbibe + -ition.
Inflected forms:
form: imbibitions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of imbibing.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: For beſide the common way and road of reception by the root, there may be a refection and imbibition from without; For gentle ſhowrs refreſh plants, though they enter not their roots; […]
He was bobbing it up and down just above the pommel of his saddle, being rather sleepy from the imbibition of a little too much of Mr. Tit Dowell’s strong beer.
Translations:
Sardine
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From the way protesters are tightly packed into public spaces, analogous to the way sardines are packed into cans.
Inflected forms:
form: Sardines
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of the Italian grassroots political movement organized to protest against the right-wing surge in the country and the political rhetoric of Matteo Salvini.
pos: noun
examples: A new grassroots movement called ‘sardines’ is fighting against Italy's rightwing strongman Matteo Salvini across the nation after a spectacular launch in Bologna last week.
But they might need more than prayer to effectively compete with the Sardines, who in the last month have packed themselves tightly in ever-increasing numbers into piazzas in city after Italian city.
The nonpartisan “Sardines” movement organized mass protests against the reemergence of the far right in Italy and re-energized politics in the run up to the regional elections that were held in Emilia Romagna in January.
As demonstrated by the mobilizations that have taken place in recent months, as in the case of the Sardine, the invisibles of Aboubakahr as well as the Friday’s For Future or anti-racist movements, the involvement of political institutions is almost non-existent. ¶ In Italy, active participation is in fact not supported by political parties.
Translations:
check-raise
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: card-games
poker
Inflected forms:
form: check-raises
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: check-raising
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: check-raised
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: check-raised
pos: verb
tags: past
form: check-raises
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To check and then raise a bet by another player in the same betting round.
pos: verb
examples: Check-raising is sometimes specifically prohibited by house rules.
gloss: A raise made by a player who checked before in the same betting round.
pos: noun
Translations:
moria
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Excessive frivolity; an inability to be serious.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
crowdsourcing
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: Coined by American journalist Jeff Howe in 2006, see quotations. From crowd + sourcing, by analogy with outsourcing.
Compound parts: crowd
sourcing
Inflected forms:
form: crowdsourcings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The delegation of a task to a large diffuse group in order to introduce new or more developed skill sets and improve efficiency. There is usually no substantial monetary compensation involved.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: P&G is one of InnoCentive’s earliest and best customers, but the company works with other crowdsourcing networks as well.
While not a new phenomenon, crowdsourcing is really growing as a business trend.
Costs can be reduced by crowdsourcing more content.
Translations:
ploughshare
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From Middle English plowgh-schare, plowh schare, equivalent to plough + share. Cognate with Saterland Frisian Plouchskoar (“ploughshare”), West Frisian ploechskaar (“ploughshare”), Dutch ploegschaar (“ploughshare”), German Low German Ploogschoor (“ploughshare”), German Pflugschar (“ploughshare”), Danish plovskær (“ploughshare”), Norwegian plogskjær (“ploughshare”).
Eclipsed non-native Middle English culter (“ploughshare”), from Old English culter (“ploughshare, coulter, dagger”), borrowed from Latin culter (“knife, razor”).
Compound parts: plough
share
Inflected forms:
form: ploughshares
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The cutting edge of a plough, typically a metal blade.
pos: noun
tags: UK
examples: Holonyms: plough, plow < implement
Translations:
prebendal
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: government
politics
Etymology: From Latin praebenda (“the support or allowance afforded by the state to a private person”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to a prebend; prebendary.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: In this respect, Earl Henry's grants of prebendal property might be regarded as the original donatio and the first of a series of such grants that would only later culminate in a more general and confirmatory charter of foundation.
In October 1746 Mary had taken over the lease of the Prebendal estate in Aylesbury, and with it the position of lady of the manor, from her mother.
Thus prebendal parishes were formed, with the canon prebendary as rector, employing his junior clerics as vicars either to serve his place in the collegiate church or to serve the parish if he preferred to reside in the college. […] Administrators tend to multiply and procedures to become more complex, and there were certainly large numbers of well-educated men, Oxford graduates, within Lacy's employ, who were paid, at least partly, by convenient prebendal incomes from colleges.
gloss: Having an associated prebend.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: His father had held a prebendal stall at Ely in times when prebendal stalls were worth more than they are at present, and having also been possessed of a living in the neighbourhood, had amassed a considerable sum of money.
1910 [1840], Alexandre Dumas, père, translator not mentioned, Celebrated Crimes: Urbain Grandier, P. F. Collier edition,
When he had been some months installed there as a priest-in-charge, he received a prebendal stall, thanks to the same patrons, in the collegiate church of Sainte-Croix.
gloss: Of or pertaining to an honorary religious title granted by the state.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Of or relating to official positions that are profitable for the incumbent, to the allocation of such positions, or to a system in which such allocation is prevalent.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: In the 'Nigerian prebendal republic', Joseph (1996) argues, the statutory purposes of state offices become a matter of secondary concern. Gore & Pratten (2003:211) in their recent study described the pervasiveness of prebendal corruption in the Nigerian state 'endemic since the beginning of the oil boom, but locally perceived as having intensified from the 1990s onwards' as the 'politics of plunder'.
Similar phenomena, which promote a guild-like closure of officialdom, are typically found in the patrimonial and, particularly, in prebendal officialdom of the past.
gloss: Relating to political patronage.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Derived words: prebendalism
Translations:
transaxle
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: Blend of transmission + axle.
Compound parts: transmission
axle
Inflected forms:
form: transaxles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A single unit combining transmission gearbox, clutch, final drive, and differential.
pos: noun
Translations:
e-invoice
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From e- + invoice.
Base: invoice
Affixes: e-
Inflected forms:
form: e-invoices
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An invoice sent by electronic means to the recipient.
pos: noun
Translations:
downturn
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English down-
Proto-Indo-European *terh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *-nos
Proto-Indo-European *tórh₁nos
Proto-Hellenic *tórnos
Ancient Greek τόρνος (tórnos)bor.
Latin tornus
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin tornōbor.
Proto-West Germanic *turnēn
Old English turnian
▲
Latin tornō
Old French tornerbor.
Middle English turnen
English turn
English downturn
From down- + turn.
Inflected forms:
form: downturns
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: downturns
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: downturning
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: downturned
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: downturned
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A downward trend, or the beginnings of one.
pos: noun
examples: Near-synonym: decline
The downturn in the economy made it harder to find jobs.
Any [economic] downturn will eventually impact on rail freight, and indeed passenger traffic, so operators are watching this closely.
In the 1950s, the downturn in BR's financial performance can be illustrated by its declining market share. Between 1951 and 1961, the railways' market share of passenger business fell from 21% to 14%, and for freight from 45% to 29%.
gloss: To turn downwards.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
gloss: To decline.
pos: verb
tags: idiomatic
intransitive
Translations:
half-asleep
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English half-
English asleep
English half-asleep
From half- + asleep.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Showing signs of being asleep or very sleepy, as not demonstrating full energy or attention.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: He gently lifted the half-asleep child into bed.
Translations:
hairlike
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English hair
Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der.
Proto-Germanic *līkąder.
Proto-Germanic *-līkaz
Proto-West Germanic *-līk
Old English -līċ
Middle English -like
English -like
English hairlike
From hair + -like.
Inflected forms:
form: more hairlike
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most hairlike
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Resembling hair; having the texture, consistency, or appearance of hair.
pos: adj
examples: Near-synonym: furlike
The moss grew in a hairlike mass over the rocks.
Translations:
handcrafted
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Germanic *handuz
Proto-West Germanic *handu
Old English hand
Middle English hond
English hand
English crafted
English handcrafted
From hand + crafted.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Made by hand or using the hands, as opposed to by mass production or using machinery.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: a line of handcrafted cheeses
Each handcrafted sculpture is a unique work of art: no two are exactly the same.
The vierling gun that Alan Tuck hunts with is truly a handcrafted work of art.
Translations:
housecleaning
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From house + cleaning.
Compound parts: house
cleaning
Inflected forms:
form: housecleanings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Collectively, the tasks involved with cleaning a house; the practice of cleaning a house.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: If you do not keep up with the housecleaning, you will soon have a huge mess.
Translations:
illegibility
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: illegibilities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The characteristic or quality of being illegible; the quality of being difficult or impossible to read.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The illegibility of his handwriting made it unclear which answer he wrote.
“Poor thing! poor thing!” says Briggs (who was thinking of twenty-four years back, and that hectic young writing-master whose lock of yellow hair, and whose letters, beautiful in their illegibility, she cherished in her old desk upstairs).
I passed the time by adding to the illegibilities in my diary.
And on the back endpaper of the Collins Clear-Type Shakespeare, a work of fatiguing illegibility, he wrote the names in large letters, as though his succession had already been settled.
Antonyms: legibility
Translations:
Marlboro
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Simplified spelling of Marlborough.
Inflected forms:
form: Marlboros
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A cigarette of the Marlboro brand.
pos: noun
examples: Chalk up another frozen pizza
Choke up another thousand Marlboros
Anything goes for them ordinary Joes
They'll cut off your face to spite your nose
Arthur took out the pack of Marlboros that he bought from them, and dropped it on the desk. "This one is a fake, and a good fake." He started to show Alex the small boxes on the sides of the ripped pack.
Patricia Florca, wearing black market Levis and a dark blue, collarless shirt, snapped open a Ronson lighter and put flame to a black market Marlboro. Lidia Cozma looked enviously at the cigarette's glowing tip.
"Want one?" Patricia whispered. Lidia nodded and Patricia offered the pack. Lidia removed a Marlboro, and moments later both women were sending exhaled smoke toward a cloudless sky.
Translations:
ranunculus
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from translingual Ranunculus, from Latin rānunculus.
Inflected forms:
form: ranunculuses
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: ranunculi
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any plant of the genus Ranunculus; the buttercup or crowfoot.
pos: noun
Translations:
provability
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English prove
Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlom
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlis
Proto-Italic *-ðlis
Latin -bilis
Latin -ābilis
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-ts
Proto-Indo-European *-teh₂ts
Proto-Italic *-tāts
Latin -tās
Latin -abilitas
Middle French -abletébor.
Middle English -ablete
English -ability
English provability
From prove + -ability.
Inflected forms:
form: provabilities
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: proveability
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The condition of being provable
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
unviable
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Germanic *un-
Proto-West Germanic *un-
Old English un-
Middle English un-
English un-
English viable
English unviable
From un- + viable.
Inflected forms:
form: more unviable
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most unviable
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Not viable: not capable of independent life; not practicable.
pos: adj
Translations:
inviable
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *né
Proto-Indo-European *n̥-
Proto-Italic *n̥-
Latin in-bor.
Middle English in-
English in-
English viable
English inviable
From in- + viable.
Inflected forms:
form: more inviable
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most inviable
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Synonym of nonviable.
pos: adj
Translations:
phenotypically
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English phenotype
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English phenotypic
Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.?
Proto-Italic *-ālis
Latin -ālisbor.
Old French -albor.
▲
Latin -ālis
Old French -elbor.
▲
Latin -ālisbor.
Middle English -al
Proto-Indo-European *leyg-der.
Proto-Germanic *līkąder.
Proto-Germanic *-līkaz
Proto-Germanic *-ê
Proto-Germanic *-līkê
Proto-West Germanic *-līkē
Old English -līċe
Middle English -ly
Middle English -ally
English -ally
English phenotypically
From phenotypic + -ally.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: With regard to the phenotype.
pos: adv
tags: not-comparable
examples: These cells that result from genome transplantation are phenotypically identical to the M. mycoides LC donor strain as judged by several criteria.
Translations:
preseason
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-i
Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i?
Proto-Italic *prai
Proto-Italic *prai-
Latin prae-lbor.
Middle English pre-
English pre-
English season
English preseason
From pre- + season.
Inflected forms:
form: preseasons
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: preseasons
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: preseasoning
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: preseasoned
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: preseasoned
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: The period before the start of a sporting season, during which players undergo training and venues are prepared
pos: noun
gloss: To season in advance.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The most popular Dutch ovens are constructed of enameled cast iron, which requires none of the preseasoning and special care of ordinary cast iron but maintains the same gentle, even heat.
Translations:
prerecorded
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Recorded in advance, as opposed to live.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
pre-owned
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: advertising
business
marketing
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-i
Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i?
Proto-Italic *prai
Proto-Italic *prai-
Latin prae-lbor.
Middle English pre-
English pre-
English owned
English pre-owned
From pre- + owned.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: secondhand
pos: adj
tags: euphemistic
not-comparable
examples: Admiral Koris: Our people have, during difficult periods, purchased pre-owned vessels from other cultures!
Translations:
premedication
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
sciences
Etymology: From pre- + medication.
Base: medication
Affixes: pre-
Inflected forms:
form: premedications
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The administration of a drug (or mixture of drugs) prior to an anesthetic, especially to induce sedation; the drug so administered.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Pre medication.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: The retrospective study revealed that, in the acetaminophen group, the mean value of postmedication body temperature (BT) was significantly higher than that of the premedication BT.
Antonyms: postmedication
Translations:
prefabrication
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-i
Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i?
Proto-Italic *prai
Proto-Italic *prai-
Latin prae-lbor.
Middle English pre-
English pre-
English fabrication
English prefabrication
From pre- + fabrication.
Inflected forms:
form: prefabrications
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The manufacture of prefabricated components, and their assembly.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A preassembled component.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: prefab
prefabricate
prefabricated
Translations:
preexistence
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-
Proto-Indo-European *preh₂-
Proto-Indo-European *-i
Proto-Indo-European *préh₂i?
Proto-Italic *prai
Proto-Italic *prai-
Latin prae-lbor.
Middle English pre-
English pre-
English existence
English preexistence
From pre- + existence.
Inflected forms:
form: preexistences
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: præ-existence
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: præexistence
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: præ-existency
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: præexistency
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: pre-existency
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: preexistency
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: pre-existence
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: preëxistence
pos: noun
tags: alternative
uncommon
Senses:
gloss: The condition of having existed prior to the current time.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The existence of a soul in a previous embodiment.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Related words: preexist
preexistent
preexistentism
preexisting
Translations:
sumi
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: sumi
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A Japanese inkstick.
pos: noun
tags: attributive
often
Translations:
reassume
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English assume
English reassume
From re- + assume.
Inflected forms:
form: reassumes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: reassuming
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: reassumed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: reassumed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To resume, to carry on (a practice, thought, occupation etc.) again.
pos: verb
gloss: To take on or adopt again.
pos: verb
examples: The next day he reassumed his disguise.
The British reassumed control of the region.
gloss: To take back into one's possession.
pos: verb
tags: archaic
examples: What some lament of, we rather should rejoyce at, should rather praise this pious forwardnes among men, to reassume the ill deputed care of their Religion into their own hands again.
Synonyms: resume
Translations:
monophyletic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *mender.
Proto-Hellenic *mónwos
Ancient Greek μόνος (mónos)
Ancient Greek μονο- (mono-)der.
English mono-
English phyletic
English monophyletic
From mono- + phyletic.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or affecting a single phylum (or other taxon) of organisms.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Deriving from a single clade (monophylum).
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Descending from a single ancestral species.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Descending from a single ancestral species.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: congeneric
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Related words: biphyletic
epiphyletic
holophyletic
monophyletist
monophyly
paraphyletic
polyphyletic
Derived words: monophylesis
monophyletical
monophyletically
monophyletic group
monophyleticity
monophyletism
nonmonophyletic
Translations:
double-blind
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: double blind
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Describing an experiment (usually medical) in which some information which might influence the experiment is withheld from two parties. Most commonly, parties in question are the subjects and the administrators and the information which is withheld is the treatment groups of the subjects.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: The Clever Hans effect, however, can be eliminated by means of double-blind procedures, where the person administering or scoring a test given to an animal does not know the “correct” answer.
Translations:
cysteinyl
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English cysteine
Ancient Greek ῡ̔́λη (hū́lē)der.
Frenchder.
English -yl
English cysteinyl
From cysteine + -yl.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or derived from the amino acid cysteine
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
leukotriene
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: chemistry
natural-sciences
organic-chemistry
physical-sciences
Etymology: From leuko- + triene, coined by Swedish biochemist Bengt I. Samuelsson.
Base: triene
Affixes: leuko-
Inflected forms:
form: leukotrienes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of several physiologically active lipids, related to the prostaglandins, that participate in allergic responses.
pos: noun
Translations:
pilau
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Hawaiian pilaubor.
English pilau
Borrowed from Hawaiian pilau (“putrid”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: filthy
pos: adj
tags: Hawaii
not-comparable
slang
Translations:
disaggregate
Part of speech: adj
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁
Proto-Indo-European *d(w)is-
Proto-Italic *dis-
Latin dis-
Old French des-bor.
▲
Latin dis-bor.
Middle English dis-
English dis-
English aggregate
English disaggregate
From dis- + aggregate.
Inflected forms:
form: more disaggregate
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most disaggregate
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: disaggregates
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: disaggregating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: disaggregated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: disaggregated
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: not aggregate
pos: adj
gloss: to separate or break down into components
pos: verb
Translations:
interquartile
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: mathematics
sciences
statistics
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér
Proto-Italic *n̥ter
Latin inter
Latin inter-bor.
English inter-
English quartile
English interquartile
From inter- + quartile.
Inflected forms:
form: interquartiles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Between quartiles.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Between quartiles.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: A common way of expressing quartiles is as an interquartile range. The interquartile range describes the difference between the third quartile (Q3) and the first quartile (Q1), telling us about the range of the middle half of the scores in the distribution.
gloss: The range or content of an interquartile.
pos: noun
Derived words: interquartile range
Translations:
lang: Italian
word: interquartile
computerized
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more computerized
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most computerized
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: American and Oxford British English standard spelling of computerised.
pos: adj
examples: Formal SignWriting is one particular computerized design for Sutton SignWriting that envisions a sign as a two part word.
Translations:
digitized
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more digitized
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most digitized
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: That has been converted from analog to digital
pos: adj
Translations:
chaperoned
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English chaperone
English -ed
English chaperoned
From chaperone + -ed.
Inflected forms:
form: more chaperoned
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most chaperoned
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Accompanied by a chaperone.
pos: adj
examples: Worse, the director can’t decide if the characters are chasidic or Litvish. They wear fedoras (Litvish) but have sidecurls and beards (chasidic). Motti’s dates are similar to bashows, or chaperoned quasi-dates in one of the parents’ homes (chasidic). Also, how many chasidim go to college?
Translations:
chaperoning
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: chaperonings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act or process of a person being chaperoned.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: In all my shopping chaperonings, I do not remember to have leant against the door-post, or stood with my back to the fire-place, […]
Translations:
e-tool
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From e- + tool.
Base: tool
Affixes: e-
Inflected forms:
form: e-tools
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A computer- or Web-based application intended to make a task easier.
pos: noun
Translations:
lerp
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Inflected forms:
form: lerps
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: lerping
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: lerped
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: lerped
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To interpolate linearly.
pos: verb
Translations:
misspeaking
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English misspeak
English -ing
English misspeaking
From misspeak + -ing.
Inflected forms:
form: misspeakings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The fact or instance of speaking incorrectly, falsely, or unclearly.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Near-synonym: speako (countable)
gloss: Speaking ill; defamation, slander.
pos: noun
tags: countable
obsolete
uncountable
Translations:
falsifying
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: falsifyings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: falsification
pos: noun
Translations:
hyperosmolar
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Hellenic *hupér
Ancient Greek ῠ̔πέρ (hŭpér)
Ancient Greek ῠ̔περ- (hŭper-)der.
English hyper-
English osmolar
English hyperosmolar
From hyper- + osmolar.
Inflected forms:
form: more hyperosmolar
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most hyperosmolar
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or as a result of hyperosmolarity.
pos: adj
Antonyms: hypoosmolar
Translations:
volga
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: business
finance
Etymology: Blend of volatility + gamma.
Compound parts: volatility
gamma
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: A second-order measure of derivative price sensitivity, expressed as the rate of change of vega with respect to changes in the volatility of the underlying asset.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Translations:
sartorialist
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English sartorial
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Hellenic *-tās
Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs)
Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor.
Latin -istader.
Old French -istebor.
Middle English -ist
English -ist
English sartorialist
From sartorial + -ist.
Inflected forms:
form: sartorialists
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person who practices or is interested in sartorialism.
pos: noun
Translations:
praline
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
French pralinebor.
English praline
Borrowed from French praline.
Inflected forms:
form: pralines
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A confection made from almonds and other nuts, caramelized sugar, and sometimes milk or cream.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: A typical praline is roundish, about three inches in diameter and a half-inch thick. The taste is faintly regressive, reminiscent of the pleasure to be found in a peanut butter and jelly sandwich when one is ravenously hungry.
And so it is with praline, that crunchy, sweet, nut brittle that marries so irresistibly with chocolate.
Translations:
praetorian
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English pretorian, from Latin praetōriānus.
Inflected forms:
form: pretorian
pos: adj
tags: alternative
form: prætorian
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to a praetor.
pos: adj
tags: Ancient-Rome
not-comparable
gloss: Of or pertaining to the pretorium in an ancient Roman camp.
pos: adj
tags: Ancient-Rome
not-comparable
examples: The praetorian gate was directly in front of the general's tent, and nearest to the enemy.
gloss: Of or pertaining to the special bodyguard force used by Roman emperors.
pos: adj
tags: Ancient-Rome
not-comparable
examples: praetorian guard
Hey, sir? Sir, excuse me?” The blonde was calling out to him, in imperious tones that insisted on a reply. Her satraps became watchful, like a Praetorian guard.
gloss: Corruptly mercenary and venal.
pos: adj
tags: broadly
not-comparable
Derived words: praetorian band
praetorian guard: the bodyguard of the emperor in Ancient Rome
Translations:
praetor
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: history
human-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From Middle English pretour, pretor, from the Anglo-Norman pretour, pretore, the Middle French preteur (from the Old French pretor; compare the Modern French préteur), and their etymon, the Classical Latin praetor (“leader”, “commander”, “magistrate”); the Latin praetor being contracted from *praeitor (“one who goes before”), from praeeō (“to go before”), from prae (“before”) + eō (“to go”); compare the Italian pretore, the Portuguese pretor, and the Spanish pretor.
Inflected forms:
form: praetors
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: praetores
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The title designating a Roman administrative official whose role changed over time:
pos: noun
gloss: The title designating a Roman administrative official whose role changed over time:
pos: noun
gloss: A high civic or administrative official, especially a chief magistrate or mayor. Sometimes used as a title.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
gloss: The title of the chief magistrate, the mayor, and/or the podestà in Palermo, in Verona, and in various other parts of 17th- and 18th-century Italy.
pos: noun
tags: historical
Synonyms: provost
Related words: praetorial
→ Praetorian Guard
praetorian
praetorium
praetory
praeturate
propraetor
Derived words: lieutenant-praetor
peregrine praetor
praetoral
praetorical
praetorship
urban praetor
Translations:
lang: Danish
word: prætor
lang: Faliscan
word: 𐌐𐌓𐌄𐌕𐌏𐌃
roman: pretod
lang: Finnish
word: preettori
lang: Finnish
word: preetori
lang: French
word: préteur
lang: German
word: Prätor
lang: Ancient Greek
word: στρατηγός
roman: stratēgós
lang: Italian
word: pretore
lang: Marathi
word: प्राएतोर
roman: prāetor
lang: Polish
word: pretor
lang: Portuguese
word: pretor
lang: Russian
word: претор
roman: pretor
lang: Spanish
word: pretor
lang: Swedish
word: pretor
lang: Swedish
word: praetor
lang: Marathi
word: प्राएतोर
roman: prāetor
plodder
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English plodder, equivalent to plod + -er.
Base: plod
Affixes: -er
Inflected forms:
form: plodders
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person who, or animal that, plods.
pos: noun
examples: Brown rats, black rats, grey rats, tawny rats,
Grave old plodders, gay young friskers […]
Mules and horses were individually plodders, or ‘flash,’ or rogues.
gloss: A person who works slowly, making a great effort with little result; a person who studies laboriously.
pos: noun
examples: Study is like the heaven’s glorious sun
That will not be deep-search’d with saucy looks:
Small have continual plodders ever won
Save base authority from others' books
1899, Pansy (pseudonym of Isabella Macdonald Alden), Three People, Boston: Lothrop, Lee & Shepard, Chapter 21, p. 271,
What an indefatigable plodder you are to get those papers ready so soon, and an unmerciful man besides to make me go over them to-night.
Throughout my life […] I have been fortified in the conclusion that it is much more important for a young man to be a worker, even though not brilliant, than to be brilliant and not a worker. As one looks back at some companions who attended lectures, and follows the records of their lives, one is strengthened in this belief because the facts show that the steady plodders have gone further than have some of those brilliant lads of other days.
gloss: A machine for extruding soap, margarine, etc. through a die plate so it can be cut into billets.
pos: noun
examples: From the mill the soap passes into the hopper of the plodder. This machine feeds it automatically into a compartment where it is subjected to an enormous pressure, forming it again into a compact mass.
Translations:
lang: Belarusian
word: мару́да
roman: marúda
lang: French
word: bâilleur
lang: French
word: bâilleuse
lang: German
word: Arbeitstier
lang: Māori
word: waewae pakiaka
lang: Polish
word: grzebuła
lang: Polish
word: guzdrała
lang: Polish
word: maruda
lang: Polish
word: maruder
lang: Polish
word: ślamazara
lang: Polish
word: ślamazarnik
lang: Russian
word: копу́ша
roman: kopúša
lang: Russian
word: копу́н
roman: kopún
lang: Russian
word: копу́нья
roman: kopúnʹja
lang: Walloon
word: londjin
lang: Walloon
word: bezén
plea-bargain
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: law
Inflected forms:
form: plea-bargains
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: plea-bargaining
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: plea-bargained
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: plea-bargained
pos: verb
tags: past
form: plea bargain
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: pleabargain
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To make an agreement in which a defendant agrees to plead guilty to a lesser charge instead of not guilty to a greater one.
pos: verb
tags: US
examples: […] former District Attorney, Butters said "[…] I think the fact that so many plead guilty proves that these cases should have been prosecuted." One of those who plea-bargained disagrees. Ed Mede last week pleaded guilty to one count of sex with a minor under 16. "This does not prove my gilt ^([sic])," he insists. "It proves the injustice of the whole system. I could not go on paying for my attorney through a long trial. […] I did not want to face life in prison because of the whim of a biased judge or juror."
Translations:
plasticizer
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Hellenic *plátʰyō
Proto-Hellenic *pláťťō?
Ancient Greek πλάσσω (plássō)
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Ancient Greek -τις (-tis)
Ancient Greek -σῐς (-sĭs)
Proto-Indo-European *-kos
Ancient Greek -κός (-kós)
?
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Hellenic *-tós
Ancient Greek -τος (-tos)
▲
Ancient Greek -κός (-kós)
?
Ancient Greek -τικός (-tikós)
Ancient Greek πλᾰστῐκός (plăstĭkós)der.
Latin plasticusder.
English plastic
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)bor.
Late Latin -izōder.
Middle French -iserbor.
Middle English -isen
English -ize
English plasticize
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āzijos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English plasticizer
From plasticize + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: plasticizers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of various substances added to a material (such as plastic or concrete) in order to make it more pliable.
pos: noun
Translations:
plasterer
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English plaster
English -er
English plasterer
From plaster + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: plasterers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person whose occupation is to plaster walls.
pos: noun
examples: Villain, thy father was a plasterer; / And thou thyself a shearman, art thou not?
gloss: One who makes plaster casts.
pos: noun
examples: The plasterer doth make his figures by addition, and the carver by substraction.
Related words: plastering
plasterwork
Derived words: like a plasterer's radio
plasterer bee
Translations:
plasterboard
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From plaster + board.
Compound parts: plaster
board
Inflected forms:
form: plasterboards
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: plasterboards
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: plasterboarding
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: plasterboarded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: plasterboarded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A construction material consisting of a rigid panel of several layers of fibreboard or paper bonded to a gypsum core.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: To fit or reinforce with plasterboard.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Translations:
gelee
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From the French gelée. Doublet of jelly.
Inflected forms:
form: gelees
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: gelée
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Any gelled suspension made for culinary purposes.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: While they were puzzling over it, another course arrived: three tiny monkey dishes, each holding two cubes of gelee, set atop glass bowls in which live Siamese fighting fish swam listlessly back and forth.
Translations:
Pradesh
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.?
Proto-Indo-European *pér
Proto-Indo-European *-o
Proto-Indo-European *pró
Proto-Indo-European *pro-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *pra-
Sanskrit प्र- (pra-)
Proto-Indo-European *deyḱ-
Proto-Indo-Iranian *dayć-
Sanskrit दिश् (diś)
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Sanskrit -अ (-a)
Sanskrit देश (deśa)
Sanskrit प्रदेश (pradeśa)lbor.
Hindi प्रदेश (pradeś)bor.
English Pradesh
Borrowed from Hindi प्रदेश (pradeś).
Inflected forms:
form: Pradeshes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A state (administrative division) of the Republic of India.
pos: noun
Translations:
doy
Part of speech: intj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Unknown. Possibly related to doylem (“a stupid person; an idiot”).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Disdainful indication that something is obvious; see duh.
pos: intj
examples: —Wow, he looks pretty angry. —Doy!
Uh, doy!
Translations:
plainsman
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English plains
English -man
English plainsman
From plains + -man.
Inflected forms:
form: plainsmen
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A native, inhabitant or settler of a plains region, but especially of the United States prairies
pos: noun
Translations:
pistillate
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English pistil
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-tós
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂tos
Proto-Italic *-ātos
Latin -ātuslbor.
English -ate
English pistillate
From pistil + -ate (adjective-forming suffix).
Inflected forms:
form: more pistillate
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most pistillate
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Having functional pistils.
pos: adj
examples: The tree is diaecious, and those who would have fruit must be careful to get both staminate and pistillate trees.
Translations:
pippin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English pipin, from Old French pepin (“a seed”) (French pépin). See pip.
Inflected forms:
form: pippins
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A seed.
pos: noun
Translations: