shock
Part of speech: noun
adj
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: automotive
cooking
engineering
food
geography
geology
human-sciences
lifestyle
mathematics
mechanical
mechanical-engineering
medicine
natural-sciences
neurology
neuroscience
physical-sciences
physics
psychology
sciences
transport
vehicles
Etymology: From Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt, shake, jerk”) or Middle French choquer (“to collide with, clash”), from Old Dutch *skokkan (“to shake up and down, shog”), from Proto-Germanic *skukkaną (“to move, shake, tremble”). Of uncertain origin. Perhaps related to Proto-Germanic *skakaną (“to shake, stir”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kek-, *(s)keg- (“to shake, stir”); see shake.
Cognate with Middle Low German schocken (“collide with, deliver a blow to, move back and forth”), Old High German scoc (“a jolt, swing”), Middle High German schocken (“to swing”) (German schaukeln), Old Norse skykkr (“vibration, surging motion”), Icelandic skykkjun (“tremulously”), Middle English schiggen (“to shake”). Doublet of shog.
Inflected forms:
form: shocks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: choque
pos: noun
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: choque
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
form: shocks
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: shocking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: shocked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: shocked
pos: verb
tags: past
form: choque
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: The train hit the buffers with a great shock.
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
figuratively
examples: My mother's news was a shock I still haven't recovered from.
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Carl had a shock at what he found.
A tremendous shock arises when a secret is discovered.
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: The surprising blast of cold water on my face was a tremendous shock.
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: We gave him a couple shocks, but the patient passed away anywway.
But as was the case with pacemakers, external defibrillators were unwieldy, and the shocks they delivered—in the rare cases when patients were still conscious—were painful.
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Fans were in shock in the days following the singer's death.
The shock she felt kept her in a daze the rest of the day.
". . . Maureen, I don't feel sad. I don't feel anything. What's wrong with me?"
"Nothing, Cae," she said. "You just haven't been able to take it in yet. Absorb the shock of it."
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Call an ambulance, he's in shock!
gloss: A sudden, heavy impact.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: Several reflected shocks enter the bomb core in rapid succession, each helping to compress it to its maximum density.
gloss: A shock absorber (typically in the suspension of a vehicle).
pos: noun
tags: countable
plural
uncountable
usually
examples: If your truck's been riding rough, it might need new shocks.
We're bonin' on the dark blocks / Wearin' out the shocks, wettin' up the dashboard clock
At the rear, you'll find a single, centrally mounted shock, the now-familiar single-sided swingarm and BMW's Paralever shaft-drive system, which does away with most of a shafty's chassis-jacking bugaboos.
gloss: A discontinuity arising in the solution of a partial differential equation.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A chemical added to a swimming pool to moderate the chlorine levels.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: The warehouse that caught fire contained 99% trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA) – used to make chlorinated tablets to control bacteria and algae – and 99% dichloroisocyanuric acid (DCCA), which is used to make swimming pool shock – a treatment used to help break down contaminants.
gloss: Causing intense surprise, horror, etc.; unexpected and shocking.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: His shock announcement rocked the tennis world.
gloss: To cause to be emotionally shocked; to cause (someone) to feel greatly surprised or upset.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: The disaster shocked the world.
gloss: To strike with disgust, to offend, scandalize.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To give an electric shock to.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To subject to a shock wave or violent impact.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Ammonium nitrate can detonate if severely shocked.
gloss: To meet with a shock; to collide in a violent encounter.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
obsolete
examples: They saw the moment approach when the two parties would shock together.
gloss: To cook something very briefly in a hot liquid, then immediately submerge it in ice water to stop the cooking process.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Can you shock the spinach over there?
gloss: To add a chemical to (a swimming pool) to moderate the chlorine levels.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
gloss: To deform the crystal structure of a stone by the application of extremely high pressure at moderate temperature, as produced only by hypervelocity impact events, lightning strikes, and nuclear explosions.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: It takes more than two gigapascals (two billion pascals) of pressure to shock quartz in this manner (for comparison, the atmosphere at sea level exerts a little over 100,000 pascals of pressure).
Derived words: accretion shock
acoustic shock
aftershock
after-shock
anaphylactic shock
antishock
anti-shock
anti-shock body
bottle-shock
bow shock
cardiogenic shock
China shock
circulatory shock
cold shock response
countershock
cryoshock
cultural shock
culture shock
current shock
dengue shock syndrome
downshock
earthshock
economic shock
electric shock
electroshock
footshock
foreshock
future shock
heat shock
heat shock protein
hypovolemic shock
insulin shock therapy
intershock
macroshock
mainshock
microshock
midshock
neurogenic shock
Nixon shock
nonshock
oblique shock
ontological shock
osmoshock
photoshock
postshock
preshock
re-entry shock
return shock
reverse culture shock
septic shock
shell-shock
shell shock
shock absorber
shock absorption
shock and awe
shock collar
shock diamond
shockee
shockeroo
shockfic
shock front
shockfront
shock-headed
shock horror
shockie
shocking pink
shock jock
shockless
shocklike
shock mount
shock paddle
shockpeakon
shockproof
shock rock
shock site
shock stall
shock-stall
shock stalled
shock-stalled
shock stalling
shock strut
shock tactics
shock therapy
shock to the system
shock trauma
shock treatment
shock troop
shockumentary
shock value
shockvertising
shock wave
shockwave
shock worker
shocky
short sharp shock
sticker shock
subshock
supply shock
technology shock
termination shock
thermal shock
thundershock
toxic shock syndrome
upshock
visual-shock kei
shocker
overshock
shockability
shockable
shocked
shocking
Translations:
lang: Arabic
word: صَدْمَة
roman: ṣadma
lang: Belarusian
word: уда́р
roman: udár
lang: Bengali
word: সদমা
roman: śodoma
lang: Bulgarian
word: у́дар
roman: údar
lang: Bulgarian
word: сблъ́скване
roman: sblǎ́skvane
lang: Catalan
word: xoc
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 衝擊 /冲击
roman: chōngjī, chōngjí
lang: Czech
word: náraz
lang: Czech
word: šok
lang: Dutch
word: schok
lang: Dutch
word: shock
lang: Finnish
word: isku
lang: Finnish
word: jytky
lang: French
word: choc
lang: Greek
word: κλονισμός
roman: klonismós
lang: Greek
word: κραδασμός
roman: kradasmós
lang: Higaonon
word: nakalitan
lang: Hindi
word: झटका
roman: jhaṭkā
lang: Indonesian
word: syok
lang: Indonesian
word: kejutan
lang: Japanese
word: 衝撃
roman: shōgeki
lang: Korean
word: 충격
roman: chunggyeok
lang: Latin
word: impulsus
lang: Māori
word: rutunga
lang: Polish
word: wstrząs
lang: Portuguese
word: choque
lang: Russian
word: уда́р
roman: udár
lang: Spanish
word: choque
lang: Swedish
word: chock
lang: Swedish
word: skräll
lang: Turkish
word: şok
lang: Ukrainian
word: уда́р
roman: udár
lang: Vietnamese
word: choáng
lang: Vietnamese
word: ngạc nhiên
lang: Vietnamese
word: bất ngờ
lang: Esperanto
word: ŝoko
lang: French
word: choc
lang: French
word: choc émotionnel
lang: Irish
word: suaitheadh intinne
lang: Italian
word: trauma
lang: Italian
word: trauma emotivo
lang: Māori
word: whētuki
lang: Portuguese
word: choque
lang: Portuguese
word: choque emocional
lang: Spanish
word: conmoción
lang: Spanish
word: impresión
lang: Spanish
word: estupor
lang: Spanish
word: shock (shok)
lang: Spanish
word: pasmo
lang: Spanish
word: anonadación
lang: Spanish
word: anonadamiento
lang: Spanish
word: sobresalto
lang: Ukrainian
word: шок
roman: šok
lang: Ukrainian
word: потрясі́ння
roman: potrjasínnja