yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
dogpile
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: compound
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From dog + pile. In reference to piles of people, originally as a noun after earlier pig pile. In reference to dog excrement, a clipping of pile of shit.
Compound parts: dog
pile
Inflected forms:
form: dogpiles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: dog pile
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: dog-pile
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: dogpiles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: dogpiling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: dogpiled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: dogpiled
pos: verb
tags: past
form: dog pile
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: dog-pile
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A disorderly pile of people formed by jumping upon a victim.
pos: noun
tags: US
colloquial
examples: The bottom man of a 'dog pile' in a fraternity house scuffle is in a hospital with a neck dislocation.
gloss: Any similarly disorderly pile of people or things.
pos: noun
tags: US
colloquial
figuratively
examples: Purdy tucked the pigskin under his elbow and cantered over a dog-pile for a tally.
Unscrambling the dogpile of objects can be messy.
gloss: A pile of dog excrement.
pos: noun
tags: US
colloquial
euphemistic
examples: Mrs. Brown cleaned her lawn up bright and early each day;
Picked up all the dog piles so her children could play.
gloss: The situation where many participants attack the same user (on a discussion forum or similar).
pos: noun
tags: Internet
gloss: A cache stampede.
pos: noun
gloss: To jump into a dogpile.
pos: verb
tags: US
ambitransitive
colloquial
often
examples: He can either take a beating from one man or... be dogpiled by a dozen men.
I fumbled the snap, fell on the ball and about 10 guys dog-piled on top of me.
A vampire got her around the neck from behind; then more, dogpiling her.
That story — about Carlson’s conflicted response to the sight of “a group of Trump guys” dogpiling an “Antifa kid” — appears to involve a crisis of conscience, an unexpected, chastening eruption of empathy.
gloss: To pile on, to overwhelm in other senses.
pos: verb
tags: US
ambitransitive
colloquial
figuratively
gloss: For many participants to attack the same user (on a discussion forum or similar).
pos: verb
tags: Internet
examples: But this guy was serious, using online payment services and dogpiling her e-mail box within minutes, requesting expedited shipping.
Related words: more sacks to the mill
stack-upon-the-kill
Derived words: dogpiler
Translations:
pinout
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: business
electrical-engineering
electricity
electromagnetism
electronics
energy
engineering
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
Etymology: From pin + out.
Compound parts: pin
out
Inflected forms:
form: pinouts
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The manner in which an electrical connector or device is wired; the list of signals that correspond to each pin or output.
pos: noun
Translations:
reductively
Part of speech: adv
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English reductive
Middle English -ly
English -ly
English reductively
From reductive + -ly.
Inflected forms:
form: more reductively
pos: adv
tags: comparative
form: most reductively
pos: adv
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: In a reductive manner.
pos: adv
Translations:
advowson
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: ecclesiastical
law
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: From Middle English avowson, from Anglo-Norman avouson, from Latin advocātiō. Doublet of advocation.
Inflected forms:
form: advowsons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The right to present a nominee to a vacant ecclesiastical benefice or church office.
pos: noun
tags: UK
examples: The advowson of the parsonages of Sempringham and Tirington, being the right of his father, he [St. Gilbert] was presented by him [his father] to those united livings, in 1123.
Advowson is the right to appoint the incumbent clergy of a parish, so three advowsons meant three incumbents.
Translations:
chimere
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: ecclesiastical
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: From Middle French chimarre, from Spanish zamarra. Cognate with French chamarre, simarre, Italian zimarra, of same origin. Doublet of simar, sable, and zimarra.
Inflected forms:
form: chimeres
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The upper robe worn by some bishops of the Anglican communion, usually without sleeves.
pos: noun
Translations:
chrismation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: ecclesiastical
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: Etymology tree
English chrism
Proto-Indo-European *-tis
Proto-Indo-European *-Hō
Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō
Proto-Italic *-tiō
Latin -tiō
Latin -ātiōlbor.
Old French -ationbor.
Middle English -acioun
English -ation
English chrismation
From chrism + -ation.
Inflected forms:
form: chrismations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The sacrament of applying chrism to complete baptism in the Orthodox and Eastern Catholic churches.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The Church opposed burning people who had received the myron of chrismation in the baptism ritual.
gloss: In general, the act of applying chrism, or consecrated oil.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
dhyana
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: Buddhism
lifestyle
religion
Etymology: From Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna, literally “meditation”). Doublet of Zen and Chan.
Inflected forms:
form: dhyanas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: jhana
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A type of profound meditation.
pos: noun
tags: Hinduism
countable
uncountable
examples: Thus the Kaivalyopanisad accords equal importance to Sraddha (faith-regard), devotion (bhakti) and meditation (dhyana) for the attainment of the highest knowledge.
The beginning must be made with pathawi-kasina, and then the dhyánas, &c., must be taken alternately, as from the first dhyána to the third, then to ákásánancháyatana, and so on to the end.
Each of the three planes may be experienced through developing the dhyānas in meditation - so here we have yet another way of describing higher states of consciousness.
Translations:
glyn
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Welsh glyn; compare glen. Doublet of glen.
Inflected forms:
form: glyns
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A valley in a mountain area, especially one with a stream in the bottom
pos: noun
examples: He could not beat out the Irish, yet he did shut them up within those narrow corners and glyns under the mountain's foot.
Translations:
A-line
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English A
Middle French lignerbor.
English line
English A-line
From A + line (“figure”).
Inflected forms:
form: A-lines
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Having a silhouette that replicates the letter A by flaring out from the top, like a funnel, narrow and fitted at the neck and shoulders, skimming the hips and widening toward the bottom, with little or no shaping or seaming at the waist.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Any article of clothing with a narrow mid-section and a flared bottom.
pos: noun
Translations:
ramson
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Back-formation from ramsons; compare Middle English ramson (originally plural, taken as singular); Old English hramesan, plural of hramsa (“onion, broad-leafed garlic”), from Proto-West Germanic *hramusō, from Proto-Germanic *hramusô (“onion, leek”), from Proto-Indo-European *kermus-, *kremus- (“wild garlic”). Cognate with Scots ramps (“wild garlic”), Dutch rams (“ramson”), Danish rams (“ramson”), Swedish ramslök (“wild garlic”). See buckrams.
Inflected forms:
form: ramsons
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: ramps
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Scotland
form: ramsh
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Scotland
Senses:
gloss: A plant, Allium ursinum, a wild relative of chives and garlic.
pos: noun
Translations:
ramsons
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English ramsons, ramsens, rampsons, ramesones, ramsouns, plural of Middle English ramson, ramsen (“wild garlic”), reinterpreted as a singular form, from Old English hramsan, nominative plural of Old English hramsa (“wild garlic”), from Proto-West Germanic *hramusō, from Proto-Germanic *hramusô (“onion; leek”), from Proto-Indo-European *kremus-, *kermus- (“wild garlic; onion”).
Inflected forms:
form: ramson
pos: noun
tags: singular
Senses:
gloss: A wild relative of chives, of species Allium ursinum, having edible leaves and roots.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-normally
Translations:
relativist
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English relative
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Hellenic *-tās
Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs)
Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor.
Latin -istader.
Old French -istebor.
Middle English -ist
English -ist
English relativist
From relative + -ist.
Inflected forms:
form: relativists
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who follows, believes or espouses relativism.
pos: noun
examples: Rule-circular justifications of basic logical laws — if indeed they are possible — would presumably be similarly undismaying for a logical relativist.
gloss: One who studies, or contributes to, or uses, the theory of relativity
pos: noun
Translations:
refloat
Part of speech: verb
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English float
English refloat
From re- + float.
Inflected forms:
form: refloats
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: refloating
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: refloated
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: refloated
pos: verb
tags: past
form: refloats
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: To cause to float again.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: Removing fuel from the sunken ship will make it easier to refloat it.
The Canadian Coast Guard says a stranded container barge has been refloated, after running aground off Quadra Island over the weekend. […] Divers have been working since the weekend to assess the damage and determine the best way to refloat the vessel.
gloss: To float again.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
examples: 2025, Chloe Hughes, Boat stranded on canal hole edge pulled to safety (BBC News) https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c79x0vqvnq4o
Overnight, water was pumped into dammed sections created by the Canal and River Trust on Tuesday, and as of 06:00 on Wednesday, water levels were recovering.
"This means that one of the boats near to the breach site, plus six further up the canal, are now beginning to refloat," it [the council] said.
gloss: The process of getting something to float again.
pos: noun
examples: A small crowd on the docks watched the attempted refloat of the ship.
Translations:
footballing
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English football
English -ing
English footballing
From football + -ing.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Relating to the sport of football.
pos: adj
tags: attributive
not-comparable
examples: Newcastle had won both their previous fixtures in 2011 but were terribly disappointing at Broadhall Way against opponents 73 places below them in the footballing ladder.
Translations:
phasmid
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
entomology
natural-sciences
nematology
zoology
Etymology: From Latin phasma (“apparition, specter, phantom”) + -id (nominal suffix), from Ancient Greek φάσμα (phásma, “apparition, phantom”).
Base: phasma
Affixes: -id
Inflected forms:
form: phasmids
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any insect of the order Phasmida: a leaf insect or walking stick (stick insect).
pos: noun
examples: A giant phasmid (or stick insect) from India whose cage was over two metres tall spent long hours standing upon a perpendicular branch and staring into Mother's eyes.
gloss: Either of the two caudal chemoreceptors in some nematodes.
pos: noun
gloss: A phagemid.
pos: noun
Translations:
Eastern-rigged
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: With the wheelhouse in the rear of the deck.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
collagenous
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English collagen
Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *h₃édosder.?
Proto-Italic *-ōtsos or *-otsos
Latin -ōsus
Old French -usbor.
Middle English -ous
English -ous
English collagenous
From collagen + -ous.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of, pertaining to, or resembling collagen.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
shortcrust
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From short + crust.
Compound parts: short
crust
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Describing a form of pastry that is relatively hard and brittle.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: shortcrust dumplings
shortcrust pastry
Translations:
myotonic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English myotonia
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English myotonic
From myotonia + -ic.
Inflected forms:
form: more myotonic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most myotonic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to myotonia.
pos: adj
Translations:
myotonia
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From New Latin myotonia, from myo- + -tonia. By surface analysis, myo- + -tonia.
Inflected forms:
form: myotonias
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A symptom of several muscular disorders characterized by the slow relaxation of the muscles after voluntary contraction or electrical stimulation.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
manju
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Japanese 饅頭 (manjū), from Chinese 饅頭 /馒头 (mántou). Doublet of mandu, manti, and mantou.
Inflected forms:
form: manju
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: manjus
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: manjū
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A traditional Japanese confection; most have an outside made from flour, rice powder, kudzu, and buckwheat, and a filling of red bean paste, usually made from boiled azuki beans and sugar; in Hawaii, Okinawan ones are made with a filling of purple sweet potato, butter, milk, sugar, and salt, but the most common filling is bean paste.
pos: noun
examples: Then, replying to Gyowo’s interrogation, he announced that as he had as many manju cakes as he wished for, and as he was no more use in this world, he would not mind dying.
My mother opened a large bag and took out four bottles of beer, some manjus and iced cakes.
Smiling, she pours a cup each for herself and Shiro, goes back to the kitchen, and returns with a plate of manju. Each manju is shaped like a maple leaf. / “These are specialties of Hiroshima. You’ll like them because they don’t have bean paste inside. The outside part is like pancakes. Inside they have chocolate or jam. Try one.” She holds the plate toward me. / I take one of the manju and bite into semisweet chocolate. “This is great.” / Michiyo and Shiro are looking at each other and nodding. See, she likes the manju, they must be thinking to each other.
Madara assumes the form of a chubby, mochi-like cat named Nyanko-sensei who loves to drink sake and eat manju and ebi furai—and pretty much anything else.
Angel hummed, their gaze shifting from him to the plate of manju sitting on the bench.
The cream was thick and complimented the pancake-y batter of the manju perfectly. […] “Manju originated from Chinese mantou, that deep fried bread thing you dip in condensed milk that you can get in Binondo. But this is Japanese. And the Japanese version is made with red bean instead of chocolate or custard.[…]”
They say in Slam Dunk that you need to have self-control to grab rebounds, and the girls exhibited a lack of that: they bought up over half of the manju I made. I could never make enough manju. […] “Well, I know that children can’t be eating that many manju, and grabbing manju off the shelf isn’t exactly the same as grabbing rebounds, so why don’t y'all bring that same tenaciousness to your post-manju workouts?[…]”
It also comes with dessert — seasonal potato manju and fruits anmitsu.
Translations:
peristome
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
botany
natural-sciences
zoology
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *per-der.
Ancient Greek περῐ́ (perĭ́)der.
English peri-
English -stome
English peristome
From peri- + -stome.
Inflected forms:
form: peristomes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: peristoma
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: peristomium
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: One or two rings of tooth-like appendages surrounding the opening of the capsule of many mosses.
pos: noun
examples: Its removal does not, however, leave the mouth of the capsule wide open, for around the margin are two circles of pointed teeth forming the peristome.
gloss: The parts of or surrounding the mouths of numerous invertebrates.
pos: noun
examples: We can distinguish therefore in the body of a polyp the column, circular or oval in section, forming the trunk, resting on a base or foot and surmounted by the crown of tentacles, which enclose an area termed the peristome, in the centre of which again is the mouth. […] The mouth may be level with the surface of the peristome, or may be projecting and trumpet-shaped.
gloss: The lip, or edge of the aperture, of a spiral shell.
pos: noun
Related words: arthrodontous
Derived words: peristomal
peristomate
peristomial
Translations:
Nicodemus
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Ancient Greek Νῑκόδημος (Nīkódēmos), from νῑ́κη (nī́kē, “victory”) + δῆμος (dêmos, “people”).
Inflected forms:
form: Nicodemuses
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: Nicodemusing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: Nicodemused
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: Nicodemused
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To be kept hidden, in the manner of the Pharisee Nicodemus.
pos: verb
examples: How many Caesars and Pompeys, he would say, by mere inspiration of their names, have been rendered worthy of them? And how many, he would add, are there, who might have done exceedingly well in the world, had not their characters and spirits been totally depressed and Nicodemus’d into nothing?
Translations:
chromium-plated
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: plated with a layer of chromium
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
shell-less
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *(s)kelH-
Proto-Indo-European *skolH-yeh₂
Proto-Germanic *skaljō
Proto-West Germanic *skallju
Old English sċiell
Middle English schelle
English shell
Proto-Indo-European *lewh₁-
Proto-Indo-European *lewHs-der.
Proto-Germanic *leusaną
Proto-Germanic *lausaz
Proto-Germanic *-lausaz
Proto-West Germanic *-laus
Old English -lēas
Middle English -les
English -less
English shell-less
From shell + -less.
Inflected forms:
form: shellless
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Lacking a shell.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Unprotected, vulnerable.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
kogo
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: food
lifestyle
Etymology: Blend of K- (“Korea, Korean”) + pogo (“corndog-on-a-stick”).
Compound parts: K-
pogo
Inflected forms:
form: kogos
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: kogoes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Korean-style deep-fried battered sausage on a stick
pos: noun
tags: Canada
Translations:
bedcover
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From bed + cover.
Compound parts: bed
cover
Inflected forms:
form: bedcovers
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: bed cover
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: bed-cover
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The topmost cover of a bed, often functioning as a blanket.
pos: noun
gloss: A tonneau cover.
pos: noun
Related words: duvet
Translations:
Bonapartism
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English Bonaparte
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Indo-European *-mos
Proto-Indo-European *-mós
Ancient Greek -μός (-mós)
Ancient Greek -ισμός (-ismós)der.
English -ism
English Bonapartism
From Bonaparte + -ism.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: The practices and ideology of Napoleon Bonaparte
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
gloss: A populist alliance between the bourgeoisie and the lumpenproletariat characterized by strong leadership and conservative nationalism
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
Related words: Bonapartist
Translations:
carceral
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Late Latin carcerālis (“carceral”), from Latin carcer (“jail, prison”) (ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *(s)ker- (“to bend, turn, in the sense of an enclosure”)) + -ālis (suffix forming relational adjectives).
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to imprisonment or a prison.
pos: adj
tags: formal
literary
not-comparable
examples: [O]n his showing signs of penitence, through favour they were contented that he should be released from his carceral endurance, in case he would put in sufficient surety in the king's chancery, and swear that he would never hold or favour any such opinions hereafter. And so, taking an oath of him, the archbishop committed him to the custody of the bishop of Worcester, to whom power and authority were permitted to release him, upon the conditions aforesaid.
This moon-calf of the imagination binds your reason, sir, in carceral chains.
For [Michel] Foucault makes no bones about it: we live – as direct heirs to the impulses and institutions first manifested in the high tide of rising of bourgeois society – under a ‘universal reign of the normative’ dominated by agents of normalcy and surveillance: the teacher-judge, the doctor-judge, the educator-judge, the social-worker-judge. And such a social world is plainly ‘a carceral network’ in ‘compact or disseminated forms’. […] The ‘carceral system’, therefore, extends ‘well beyond legal imprisonment’; prison is at bottom just its ‘pure form’ within a continuum of disciplinary apparatuses and ‘regional’ institutions.
Instead, this article seeks to demonstrate the extent to which evangelical and feminist antitrafficking activism has been fueled by a shared commitment to carceral paradigms of social, and in particular gender, justice (what I here develop as “carceral feminism”) and to militarized humanitarianism as the preeminent mode of engagement by the state.
Neoliberal penality and its earlier iterations have fertilized the carceral sphere. They have made possible, by resolving any possible cognitive dissonance, a world in which 71 percent of American respondents could favor the free-market economy as the very best system on which to base the future of the world and, at the very same time, live in a place that operates the world's biggest, most expensive, government-run, interventionist, prison system that incarcerates more than one out of every hundred adults in the country.
By legitimizing the conduct that produces this double consciousness, this case tells everyone, white and black, guilty and innocent, that an officer can verify your legal status at any time. It says that your body is subject to invasion while courts excuse the violation of your rights. It implies that you are not a citizen of a democracy but the subject of a carceral state, just waiting to be cataloged.
Whereas rates of COVID-19 vary nationwide, our results add to a growing body of literature epmhasizing high COVID-19 rates in carceral settings and the importance of testing and decarceration.
Translations:
castellan
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Middle English castelain, from Old French castelain (compare modern châtelain), from Latin castellanus (“pertaining to a castle, an occupant of a castle, or a governor of a castle”), from castellum castle, citadel, diminutive of castrum fortified place. See castle. By surface analysis, Old French castel + -an and castle + -an. Doublet of Castilian, castellano, castellanus, and chatelain /chatelaine.
Base: castle
Affixes: -an
Inflected forms:
form: castellans
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A feudal lord with a fortified manor.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
gloss: The governor or caretaker entrusted to oversee a castle or keep for its lord.
pos: noun
tags: historical
examples: The inferior secular senators are ninety-two, containing the ten crown-officers, and eighty-two castellans. The latter are again divided into thirty-three great castellans, and forty-nine little castellans.
Castellans, often exercising control over a few villages and half a dozen small lordships, transformed their banal lordships into quasi-sovereign mini-states, independent of royal or comital sanction or control.
The wave of attacks on the castellans in 1511 followed faction-fighting in Udine, in which castellans and their families were massacred by supporters of the Savorgnan.
Synonyms: chatelain
Derived words: castellanship
castellany
castellate
Translations:
hypernova
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: astronomy
natural-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *úp
Proto-Indo-European *-er
Proto-Indo-European *upér
Proto-Hellenic *hupér
Ancient Greek ῠ̔πέρ (hŭpér)
Ancient Greek ῠ̔περ- (hŭper-)der.
English hyper-
English nova
English hypernova
From hyper- + nova.
Inflected forms:
form: hypernovas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: hypernovae
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The gravitational collapse of a massive star to form a black hole.
pos: noun
Translations:
oogle
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: oogles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A hobo or transient who is homeless by choice rather than necessity.
pos: noun
tags: Canada
US
derogatory
often
slang
examples: If you want to be accepted by them, you have to wear all black. My hair wraps, I have one that's a rainbow, so I'm not a hobo. I'm an oogle, because I'm not wearing all black. That's just kid stuff. But the old hoboes are cool.
[…] an older couple with a dog and a coffee cup containing coins that the woman rattled hopefully. "Like this is a scene. Like this is a choice, like it's some party you can drop by and then leave when you get tired of it. But for some stupid reason, oogles like to playact."
"Wait. You're saying this girl liked to pretend she was homeless?"
And while Eli's vibe is hipsterish and cheerful, his friends are clearly "travelers" — also known as crusties, also known as crust punks, also known as gutter punks, also known as oogles, also known as homeless, transient young people.
Translations:
knicker
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of or relating to knickers.
pos: noun
tags: attributive
uncountable
examples: knicker elastic, knicker drawer, knicker thief
A knicker nicker nicked a pair of knickers off the clothesline.
gloss: knickerbockers
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: Country club men had reinstated the knicker, adding four inches in length […]
A sock worn in the regulation fashion, under the knicker, looks neatest and permits the proper full flare of the knicker.
Derived words: knickered
knickerless
Translations:
counterparty
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: business
finance
insurance
law
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *ḱe?
Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm
Proto-Italic *kom
Proto-Italic *kom-
Proto-Indo-European *-teros
Proto-Italic *-teros
Proto-Italic *komterosder.
Proto-Italic *komterād
Latin contrāder.
Old French contre-
Anglo-Norman countre-bor.
Middle English counter-
English counter-
English party
English counterparty
From counter- + party.
Inflected forms:
form: counterparties
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: counter-party
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: The other party to a financial transaction.
pos: noun
Translations:
anticodon
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biology
genetics
medicine
natural-sciences
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English anti-
English codon
English anticodon
From anti- + codon.
Inflected forms:
form: anticodons
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A sequence of three nucleotides in transfer RNA that binds to the complementary triplet (codon) in messenger RNA to specify an amino acid during protein synthesis.
pos: noun
Translations:
synclinal
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: chemistry
geography
geology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: From syn- + -clinal.
Base: syn
Inflected forms:
form: more synclinal
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most synclinal
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: synclinals
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Having or relating to a torsion angle between 30° and 90°
pos: adj
gloss: Inclined downward from opposite directions, so as to meet in a common point or line.
pos: adj
examples: The doctor's eyebrows had gone synclinal from puzzlement without his awareness.
gloss: Formed by strata dipping toward a common line or plane.
pos: adj
examples: a synclinal trough or valley
a synclinal fold
gloss: A synclinal fold.
pos: noun
examples: But being chiefly sections of younger rocks than ours, the Austrian diagrams exhibit a more disturbed surface, so far as regards faults and slips, snapped anticlinals, upshoved synclinals, lapped folds, […]
Antonyms: anticlinal
Derived words: geosynclinal
synclinally
Translations:
ashing
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs-der.?
Proto-Germanic *askǭ
Proto-West Germanic *askā
Old English æsce
Middle English asshe
English ash
English -ing
English ashing
From ash + -ing.
Inflected forms:
form: ashings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An analytic procedure in which a sample is heated in a furnace to leave a residue of ash, either to determine the gross mineral content, or as a preparation for further analysis
pos: noun
Translations:
atactic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
medicine
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Inflected forms:
form: more atactic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most atactic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to ataxia.
pos: adj
gloss: Describing any regular polymer or other macromolecule in which the orientation of the subunits is random.
pos: adj
Derived words: atactically
Translations:
cubie
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: Rubik's-Cube
firefighting
games
government
Etymology: Etymology tree
English cube
English -ie
English cubie
From cube + -ie.
Inflected forms:
form: cubies
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One of the smaller cubes making up a Rubik's cube.
pos: noun
examples: […] you can see that the corner cubie in question is detachable […]
Each of the tiles is actually part of a small cube, or cubie.
Each nine-cubie face is capable of being rotated en bloc.
gloss: A five-gallon, boxed, plastic bag of drinking water used by firefighters.
pos: noun
Translations:
aquaplaning
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: automotive
transport
vehicles
Inflected forms:
form: aquaplanings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The loss of contact with the road because of surface water; the act of aquaplaning.
pos: noun
tags: UK
countable
uncountable
Translations:
top-fermenting
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Pertaining to any of numerous edible yeasts that produce, e.g., ale, and whose respective fermenting actions appear to be at the top surface of the wort.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
bainite
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: engineering
metallurgy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: From Bain + -ite, after metallurgist Edgar Bain.
Base: Bain
Affixes: -ite
Inflected forms:
form: bainites
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A microstructure of steel consisting of needle-like particles of cementite embedded in a ferrite matrix.
pos: noun
Translations:
bimodal
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: mathematics
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *dwóh₁
Proto-Indo-European *dwi-
Proto-Italic *dwi-
Latin bi-bor.
English bi-
English modal
English bimodal
From bi- + modal.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Having two modes or forms.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Having two modes (local maxima).
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: In fact, NALP has been at the forefront of educating prospective lawyers on the dangers of focusing on “average” starting salaries. The average is meaningless. The median is just slightly more helpful, and NALP has been begging people to pay attention to the bimodal salary distribution curve that tells the true story of how much lawyers are likely to get paid.
Related words: unimodal
Derived words: bimodality
bimodally
Translations:
biocatalyst
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: biochemistry
biology
chemistry
microbiology
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-der.
Ancient Greek βῐ́ος (bĭ́os)
Ancient Greek βῐο- (bĭo-)der.
English bio-
English catalysis
Proto-Indo-European *-id-
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-idyéti
Proto-Hellenic *-íďďō
Ancient Greek -ῐ́ζω (-ĭ́zō)
Proto-Hellenic *-tās
Ancient Greek -τής (-tḗs)
Ancient Greek -ῐστής (-ĭstḗs)bor.
Latin -istader.
Old French -istebor.
Middle English -ist
English -ist
English catalyst
English biocatalyst
From bio- + catalyst.
Inflected forms:
form: biocatalysts
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A biochemical catalyst, such as an enzyme (either a protein enzyme or a ribozyme) or a biomolecular condensate that has biocatalytic ability.
pos: noun
Translations:
blowdown
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: aeronautics
aerospace
aviation
business
engineering
forestry
manufacturing
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
English blow downdeverb.
English blowdown
Deverbal from blow down.
Inflected forms:
form: blowdowns
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The removal of liquid and solid hydrocarbons from a refinery vessel by the use of pressure.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Cooling fluid discharged from a plant at the end of its cycle.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: Uprooting, overtopping, or bole breakage of trees by the wind; windthrow and windsnap.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: The action of aerodynamic forces to tend to cause a deflected control surface to return to its neutral position, or prevent the surface from deflecting past a certain point.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: At higher airspeeds, the 737's maximum rudder deflection is limited by blowdown, helping to prevent flight-control inputs from overstressing the aircraft's vertical stabilizer.
According to Boeing, these movements were consistent with the effects of blowdown on those surfaces as documented during flight tests. However, the outboard aileron split recorded by the FDR after about 0150:27, which is discussed later in this section, was not consistent with the flight test data.
gloss: An instance of blowing down with compressed air.
pos: noun
tags: countable
informal
uncountable
examples: Give these parts a blowdown with your air hose before you put them in the ultrasonic cleaning tank.
Related words: blowback
blowoff
Derived words: blowdown limit
Translations:
kosha
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: human-sciences
philosophy
sciences
Etymology: Borrowed from Sanskrit कोश (kóśa, “sheath, vessel, container, layer”).
Inflected forms:
form: koshas
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: kosa
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Any of five sheaths that are thought to cover the Atman, or True Self, according to Vedantic philosophy.
pos: noun
gloss: A particular type of Sanskrit dictionary.
pos: noun
examples: The koshas, which are not based on any specific text, have some unusal properties. They are written in verse and include nouns and indeclinables but not verbs. The words are arranged according to topics. They deal with synonyms and homonyms and were meant for the use of poets. The best-known kosha in Sanskrit is the lexicon prepared by a Buddhist scholar Amarasinha, who was also a poet. This dictionary is usually known as Amarakosha (‘Amara's dictionary’) rather than by its actual name, Namalinganushasana.
Related words: Anandamaya kosha
Annamaya kosha
Manomaya kosha
Pranamaya kosha
Vijnanamaya kosha
Translations:
back-form
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: A back-formation from back-formation. By surface analysis, back- + form.
Inflected forms:
form: back-forms
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: backform
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: back-forms
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: back-forming
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: back-formed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: back-formed
pos: verb
tags: past
form: backform
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A back-formation; a word formed by removing a perceived morpheme from an older word.
pos: noun
gloss: To form a word by a back-formation process.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Translations:
extraembryonic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: medicine
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs
Proto-Indo-European *-teros
Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰsteros
Proto-Italic *eksteros
Latin exter
Latin extrā
English extra-
English embryonic
English extraembryonic
From extra- + embryonic.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Inside the womb, but outside the embryo.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Subsequent cell and tissue interactions lead to the functional differentiation of all embryonic and extraembryonic tissues.
The clockwise beating of cilia results in a net flow of extraembryonic fluid leftwards […]
Translations:
jank
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
video-games
Etymology: Ostensibly a back-formation from janky (“shoddy, poor quality”).
Inflected forms:
form: more jank
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most jank
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Perceptible pause in the smooth rendering of a software application's user interface due to slow operations or poor interface design.
pos: noun
tags: slang
uncountable
examples: This also marks the first time I haven’t felt that Samsung jank on the phone, which deserves its own paragraph in its own right. That weird stuttering and pausing you’ve seen on so many Samsung phones seems to be almost completely gone on the Note 3 […]
In cases where you’re concerned about scrolling, the browser can manage the frame rate for you. But if you introduce a large amount of jank, then it won’t be able to do as good a job.
in order to hit this impressive frame rate, the “jank-free” Sky prioritizes the UI over other processes, meaning the app should stay smooth when it works heavily in the background.
Even though JavaScript will try to update the animation every frame, it will likely not be able to do that fast enough and will cause dropped frames (jank) to occur.
gloss: Game mechanics of unconventional or flawed design or implementation, and the experience of such mechanics, as to ruin or disrupt play, or break immersion; e.g. bugs and glitches.
pos: noun
tags: slang
uncountable
examples: Bethesda’s jank made a PvP-centric experience hellish. Players kept finding exploits left and right.
Maybe Soulstorm is an ideal tribute to the PlayStation era, considering how much period-specific jank is in the code.
Jank is the understated secret sauce of game development. It can make a bad game good and a good game great.
The build I played was rough around the edges; I experienced a couple of hard crashes, as well as some placeholder assets and bugs that went beyond the charming old-school jank I was expecting.
gloss: A game, or games, with such mechanics.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
slang
uncountable
gloss: Janky.
pos: adj
tags: slang
examples: Sadly, my new laptop is even more jank than my old one.
Related words: Eurojank
janky
Translations:
boronic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Middle Persian *bōragbor.
Arabic بَوْرَق (bawraq)der.
Medieval Latin boraxder.
Anglo-Norman boreisbor.
Middle English boras
English borax
English boro-
Proto-Indo-European *kerh₃-der.?
Latin carbōlbor.
French carbonebor.
English carbonbf.
English -on
English boron
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -iquebor.
Middle English -ik
English -ic
English boronic
From boron + -ic.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Of or pertaining to the boronic acids or their derivatives
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Translations:
breeching
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: equestrianism
hobbies
horses
lifestyle
nautical
pets
sports
transport
Etymology: Etymology tree
English breech
English -ing
English breeching
From breech + -ing.
Inflected forms:
form: breechings
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The ceremony of dressing a boy in trousers for the first time.
pos: noun
tags: countable
historical
uncountable
examples: When boys left off skirts at about six or seven to put on breeches this was an occasion of minor ceremony which marked the next stage of growing up. By the 18th century breeching was taking place earlier, when a boy was three or four.
gloss: A conduit through which exhaust gases are conducted to a chimney.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
gloss: A rope used to secure a cannon.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The great guns ranged along the deck — each bound fast by its new breechings — with their linstocks and sponges and ladles and rammers, made no idle show of warlike strength.
gloss: A component of horse harness or tack, enabling the horse to hold back a vehicle.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Beside this, he has to learn to wear a collar, a crupper, and a breeching, and to stand still whilst they are put on; then to have a cart or a chaise fixed behind him, so that he cannot walk or trot without dragging it after him: and he must go fast or slow, just as his driver wishes.
gloss: A beating or flogging.
pos: noun
tags: countable
slang
uncountable
Translations:
Nifong
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: * From Mike Nifong, a North Carolina District Attorney who made headlines for a controversial prosecution and his subsequent disbarment while in office for ethics violations.
Inflected forms:
form: Nifongs
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: Nifonging
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: Nifonged
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: Nifonged
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: To make a self-serving, politically-motivated accusation or prosecution.
pos: verb
examples: I should have expected Nifonging by liberal rags such as the Herald-Sun. I would have expected better from the Times.
We're not going away. We're going to seek justice. What happened to her, she was Nifonged. They just rushed to judgment without any notice of who her accusers were, what the accusations were. They fired her in a couple of days.
Imagine for a moment that a similar incident had taken place at a local university and that a prosecutor here had Nifonged.
“He never had any intention of finishing off his revenge on Tom DeLay and is scared to death of being Nifonged while still in office,” Ms. Flaherty said, a reference to Michael B. Nifong, the disgraced former prosecutor in the Duke University lacrosse team rape case that collapsed as groundless.
Don't get "Nifonged" again!
Translations:
romero
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Etymology tree
Spanish romerobor.
English romero
Borrowed from Spanish romero.
Inflected forms:
form: romeros
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: pilot fish
pos: noun
Translations:
recut
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Italic *wre-
Latin re-der.
Old French re-bor.
Middle English re-
English re-
English cut
English recut
From re- + cut.
Inflected forms:
form: recuts
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: recutting
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: recut
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: recut
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: to cut again.
pos: verb
examples: The footage of the first Christopher Street demonstration parade came from Lilli Vencenz. She made a film called Gay and Proud and sent me a release on her footage so that I could recut it for GAY USA.
Translations:
aseismic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: geography
geology
natural-sciences
seismology
Etymology: Etymology tree
English a-
English seismic
English aseismic
From a- + seismic.
Inflected forms:
form: more aseismic
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most aseismic
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: seismically inactive
pos: adj
gloss: applied to earth fault slip movement that does not produce any seismic shock.
pos: adj
Derived words: aseismically
Translations:
Essene
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Ancient Greek Ἐσσηνοι (Essēnoi); earlier etymology unknown
Inflected forms:
form: Essenes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of a first-century ascetic Jewish sect in ancient Palestine from the second century BCE to the second century CE. The Essenes are believed to have been the authors of the Dead Sea scrolls.
pos: noun
tags: historical
Translations:
Sadducee
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Possibly, from Hebrew צדוקי (ts'dokí, “Sadducee”), whence also Zadokites or other variants.
Inflected forms:
form: Sadducees
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A member of an ancient Jewish sect possibly formed as a political party in the 2nd century BCE and existing until around the 1st century CE.
pos: noun
tags: historical
Translations:
Katahdin
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Abenaki Ktaden, Ktaaden (“great mountain”), from kta-, gita- (“great”) (compare Penobscot kta- (“great”)) + aden (“mountain”) (whence also monadnock). Cognate to Penobscot Ktàtən.
Inflected forms:
form: Katahdins
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A sheep of a particular breed developed in Maine.
pos: noun
Translations:
saad
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: saads
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The letter ص in the Arabic script.
pos: noun
Translations:
speel
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Probably from Afrikaans speel. Compare Middle English spel (“a story; tale; narrative”). Doublet of spell and shpiel.
Inflected forms:
form: speels
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: speil
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: spele
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: speal
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: spiel
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: spael
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A story; a spiel.
pos: noun
tags: South-Africa
Translations:
moustached
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English moustache
English -ed
English moustached
From moustache + -ed.
Inflected forms:
form: mustached
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Having a moustache.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: British military officers are usually moustached.
[T]hey were baffled by tears in moustached sixth-formers, by walls of impassivity in the Lower School, by silent conspiracies which nullified the rules.
One of his best stories was "Barney Oldfield's Race for a Life" (1914), of which there survives only an amusing still, showing poor Mabel Normand chained to the rails by two toughs, the moustached villain threatening her with a sledge-hammer, and an awful sense of that inexorably approaching express!
Translations: