shall
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English schal (infinitive schulen), from Old English sċeal (infinitive sċulan (“should, must”)), from Proto-West Germanic *skulan, from Proto-Germanic *skal (infinitive *skulaną), from Proto-Indo-European *skel- (“to owe, be under obligation”).
Cognate with Scots sall, sal (“shall”), North Frisian skal, schal, Saterland Frisian skäl, schäl, schal (infinitive skälle, schälle), West Frisian sil (infinitive sille (“shall”)), Dutch zal (infinitive zullen (“shall”)), Low German schall (infinitive schölen (“shall”)), German soll (infinitive sollen (“ought to”)), Danish skal (infinitive skulle (“shall”)), Icelandic skal (infinitive skulu (“shall”)), Afrikaans sal, Swedish skall (“shall”) (infinitive skola).
Inflected forms:
form: shall
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: should
pos: verb
tags: past
form: shal
pos: verb
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Used before a verb to indicate the simple future tense in the first person singular or plural.
pos: verb
tags: auxiliary
defective
modal
no-past-participle
no-present-participle
examples: I shall sing in the choir tomorrow.
I hope that we shall win the game.
"Then, having used up the powers of the Golden Cap, I shall give it to the King of the Monkeys, that he and his band may thereafter be free for evermore."
A woman shall not be disqualified by sex or marriage for being elected to or sitting or voting as a Member of the Commons House of Parliament.
gloss: Used similarly to indicate determination or obligation in the second and third persons singular or plural.
pos: verb
tags: auxiliary
defective
modal
no-past-participle
no-present-participle
examples: (determination): You shall go to the ball!; He shall be given a fair trial.
(obligation): Citizens shall provide proof of identity.
(obligation): The renter shall be responsible for maintenance of the vehicle.
Things haven't turned out as I intended they should, but I still intend that you shall take over the business.
And the gates of it ſhall not bee ſhut at all by day: foꝛ there ſhall bee no night there.
A woman shall not be disqualified by sex or marriage for being elected to or sitting or voting as a Member of the Commons House of Parliament.
gloss: Used in questions with the first person singular or plural to suggest a possible future action.
pos: verb
tags: auxiliary
defective
modal
no-past-participle
no-present-participle
examples: What shall I do? Shall I give you a hand?
Shall we go out later?
I'll hold that for you, shall I?
Let us examine that, shall we? - Yeah let's.
Shall we see you before you set out?
gloss: To owe.
pos: verb
tags: auxiliary
defective
modal
no-past-participle
no-present-participle
obsolete
examples: I thee shall a hundred golden coins; th'amount thou shalt the Queen is much higher.
He should þe Princess his Life, for she had deliver'd him from þe Poison deadly.
Related words: must
ought
should
will
Derived words: shalbe
shalln't
shan't
man shall not live by bread alone
never the twain shall meet
seek and ye shall find
shall I say
shall-issue
shall we say
speak of the devil and he shall appear
this too shall pass
this too shall pass away
Translations: