yuanxin112/wiktionary-morph huggingface dataset:
bullpen
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: ball-games
baseball
games
government
hobbies
lifestyle
military
politics
sports
war
Etymology: Etymology tree
English bull
English pen
English bullpen
From bull + pen.
Inflected forms:
form: bullpens
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An enclosed area used to hold bulls.
pos: noun
examples: Magnus and Big Dick are over in the bullpen, ready for tonight's rodeo.
gloss: An enclosed area for pitchers to warm up in during a game.
pos: noun
examples: After that hit, there is activity in the bullpen.
Now the bullpens are hidden away underneath the bleachers, out of sight and sound.
Even though the Phillies bullpen has been a strength, it may be shopping for a veteran capable of handling the ninth inning.
gloss: The relief pitchers of a team collectively.
pos: noun
examples: Their bullpen is worn out after yesterday's doubleheader where both games went 12 innings.
gloss: A place for someone or something to get ready.
pos: noun
tags: figuratively
examples: If this team of consultants fails, I have another warming up in the bullpen.
gloss: An open seating arrangement where project teams can communicate openly with minimal effort.
pos: noun
examples: We have our sales team in a bullpen setup to keep their energy flowing.
gloss: A military prison or its enclosing stockade.
pos: noun
tags: US
slang
Derived words: rough up the bullpen
Translations:
assonance
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonology
prosody
sciences
Etymology: From French assonance, from Latin assonāre; by surface analysis, a- + son- + -ance.
Inflected forms:
form: assonances
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The repetition of similar or identical vowel sounds (though with different consonants), usually in literature or poetry.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: "You should try to speak without assonances" said Merlyn. "For instance, 'The beer is never clear round here, dear' is unfortunate, even as an assonance.'"
Translations:
penknife
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From Middle English penne knyfe; equivalent to pen + knife. In the original sense, named for its purpose: aiding the use of a (traditional) ink pen through the following tasks: trimming the tip of a quill pen, trimming a reed for a nib, and (in some cases) allowing erasure by scraping away some ink.
Compound parts: pen
knife
Inflected forms:
form: penknives
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: penknifes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: penknifing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: penknifed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: penknifed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A small pocketknife; (loosely) any pocketknife.
pos: noun
examples: Limpet's penknife was on the table, and he snatched that up and commenced stabbing it into the cork, whether as a means of getting it out, or merely as a relief to his passion, it is difficult to say.
The logical distinction between genus and species can, of course, apply to any objects whatsoever. Thus, for example, the genus knife may be divided into several species, such as penknife, table knife, bread knife, razor, etc. We might define the penknife as a knife small enough to be carried in the pocket, with foldable, sheathable elements, characterized by the feature that one blade at least is always suitable for sharpening pencils and erasing ink spots. We are quite sure in which features all the members of a certain species agree, notwithstanding possible individual characteristics, say a monogram on one penknife, or a corkscrew in another.
gloss: A small knife designed for safe and convenient storage, typically in the form of a miniature clasp-knife, or with blade retractable into the handle.
pos: noun
tags: dated
examples: Presently the man took a reed pen from his satchel, and trimmed it with a little ivory knife, carved in the semblance of a fish. "Oh, what a beauty!" cried Dan. "'Ware fingers! That blade is perilous sharp. I made it myself of the best Low Country crossbow steel. And so, too, this fish. When his back-fin travels to his tail—so—he swallows up the blade, even as the whale swallowed Gaffer Jonah."
gloss: A small knife for cutting the points of quill feathers or reeds into nibs to provide or repair writing implements, early versions were commonly small sheath knives.
pos: noun
tags: archaic
examples: If a ſarcell, or other feathers be broken aboue the quyll, towards the poynt of yͤ fethers twoo or three fingers bredth, you muſt cut it off with a ſharpe penknife, aſlope, and (as they ſay) a ſwaſhe, ⁊ then take another feather to the ſame, cutting it in like manner, as you did the other, ſo as it may fitte with yͤ ſame feather, both for length and cutte.
Every sin is damning without Christ. "The wages of sin is death". It is no great difference, if a man be killed, whether it be by a sword or a penknife. The least sin violates the whole law. He that offendeth in one point, is guilty of all.
gloss: To cut or carve with a penknife.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Derived words: Swiss Army penknife
Translations:
pocketknife
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From pocket + knife.
Compound parts: pocket
knife
Inflected forms:
form: pocketknives
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: pocket-knife
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: pocket knife
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A knife small enough for carrying safely and handily in a pocket; usually a folding knife (with blades or tools that the user can fold or retract into the handle).
pos: noun
examples: Jimmy had a pocketknife, and he wandered into the drawing-room with it one day, alone, and reduced ten thousand dollars' worth of furniture to an indeterminable value in rather less than three-quarters of an hour.
The Army, the Navy, the Maritime Commission, and Lend-Lease demanded more and more pocketknives — for demolition kits, medical kits, aviators’ kits, electricians’ kits; knives with tools, knives with marlin spikes. The pocketknife attained a new status — as indispensable equipment for all men in uniform.
Translations:
modularized
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Inflected forms:
form: more modularized
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most modularized
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: modularised
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: Having or made up of modules
pos: adj
Translations:
modular
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: mathematics
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *med-
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Italic *medos
Latin modus
Proto-Indo-European *-lós
Proto-Indo-European *-elós
Proto-Italic *-elos
Latin -ulus
Latin moduluslbor.
French modulebor.
English module
English -ar
English modular
From module + -ar.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Consisting of separate modules; especially where each module performs or fulfills some specified function and could be replaced by a similar module for the same function, independently of the other modules.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: It is hoped that a competition to develop small modular reactors (SMRs) will drive billions of pounds of investment into the technology, which the government hopes will be cheaper and quicker to build than traditional large nuclear power plants.
gloss: Of or relating to a module or modules.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
gloss: Relating to mode or modulation.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
Related words: modularize
modularise
module
modularized
Derived words: antimodular
bimodular
dimodular
extramodular
immunomodular
intermodular
intramodular
micromodular
modular arithmetic
modular building
modular calculus
modular design
modular form
modular home
modularisation
modularism
modularist
modularity
modularization
modularly
modular smartphone
monomodular
multimodular
nonmodular
orthomodular
paramodular
premodular
protomodular
quasimodular
semimodular
submodular
supermodular
supramodular
tetramodular
trimodular
unimodular
Translations:
hiver
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Etymology tree
English hive
English -er
English hiver
From hive + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: hivers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: One who collects bees into a hive.
pos: noun
examples: The hiver must have his face and hands defended, as above-mentioned, and accompanied by a person holding a chafing-dish, with a coal fire, covered with moist peat, to make the greater smoke […]
Translations:
sociable
Part of speech: adj
noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French sociable, from Latin sociābilis.
Inflected forms:
form: more sociable
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most sociable
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: sociables
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Tending to socialize or be social.
pos: adj
examples: He's normally pretty quiet, but he gets much more sociable around women.
Society is no comfort to one not sociable.
gloss: Offering opportunities for conversation; characterized by much conversation.
pos: adj
examples: a sociable party
gloss: Capable of being, or fit to be, united in one body or company; associable.
pos: adj
tags: archaic
examples: They are sociable parts united into one body.
gloss: No longer hostile; friendly.
pos: adj
tags: obsolete
examples: Is the King sociable And bids thee live ?
gloss: A sociable person.
pos: noun
gloss: A four-wheeled open carriage with seats facing each other.
pos: noun
tags: historical
gloss: A bicycle or tricycle for two persons side by side.
pos: noun
gloss: A couch with a curved S-shaped back.
pos: noun
gloss: An informal party or church meeting for purposes of socializing.
pos: noun
tags: US
examples: At the church sociables he used to hop around among them, chipping and chirping like a dicky-bird picking up seed; and he was a great hand to play the piano, and sing saddish, sweetish songs to them.
Synonyms: clubbable
companionable
extroverted
gregarious
outgoing
sociable
social
Antonyms: unsociable
introverted
shy
seclusive
solitary
unclubbable
unsocial
Related words: crack
good value
friendly
Derived words: antisociable
hypersociable
nonsociable
sociability
sociable lapwing
sociableness
sociable number
sociable plover
sociable weaver
sociable weaverbird
sociably
supersociable
necktie sociable
Translations:
resourceful
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From resource + -ful.
Base: resource
Affixes: -ful
Inflected forms:
form: more resourceful
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most resourceful
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Capable or clever; able to put available resources to efficient or ingenious use; using materials at hand wisely or efficiently.
pos: adj
examples: With a resourceful use of space and a fresh coat of paint, the room became a pleasant library with a comfortable seating area.
Translations:
nobility
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From Old French nobilité, from Latin nobilitas. Equivalent to noble + -ity.
Base: noble
Affixes: -ity
Inflected forms:
form: nobilities
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A noble or privileged social class, historically accompanied by a hereditary title; aristocracy.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: The castle was once home to the Scottish nobility.
Titles of nobility were passed down through generations.
gloss: The quality of being noble.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: He displayed nobility of character when helping his rivals.
Derived words: antinobility
black nobility
Translations:
ingenious
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Borrowed from Middle French ingénieux, from Old French engenious, from Latin ingeniōsus (“endowed with good natural capacity, gifted with genius”), from ingenium (“innate or natural quality, natural capacity, genius”), from in- (“in”) + gignere (“to produce”), Old Latin genere. See also engine.
Base: gignere
Affixes: in-
Inflected forms:
form: more ingenious
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most ingenious
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: engenious
pos: adj
tags: alternative
obsolete
Senses:
gloss: Of a person, displaying genius or brilliance; inventive.
pos: adj
examples: This fellow is ingenious; he fixed a problem I didn’t even know I had.
gloss: Of a thing, characterized by genius; cleverly contrived or done.
pos: adj
examples: That is an ingenious model of the atom.
Many ingenious lovely things are gone / That seemed sheer miracle to the multitude, / protected from the circle of the moon / That pitches common things about.
gloss: Showing originality or sagacity; witty.
pos: adj
examples: He sent me an ingenious reply to an email.
I have scarcely recovered the surprise of the ingenious question, before I meet another surprise in the still more ingenious answer
Related words: engine
engineer
genius
ingeniosity
ingeniousness
Derived words: hyperingenious
ingeniously
overingenious
superingenious
ultraingenious
uningenious
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: остроумен
roman: ostroumen
lang: Catalan
word: enginyós
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 热情的
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 独创的
lang: Dutch
word: vernuftig
lang: Finnish
word: terävä
lang: Finnish
word: nokkela
lang: German
word: findig
lang: German
word: geistreich
lang: German
word: einfallsreich
lang: German
word: geistsprühend
lang: German
word: geistvoll
lang: German
word: ideenreich
lang: German
word: originell
lang: Greek
word: πολυμήχανος
roman: polymíchanos
lang: Greek
word: δαιμόνιος
roman: daimónios
lang: Hungarian
word: leleményes
lang: Russian
word: остроумный
roman: ostroumnyj
lang: Russian
word: оригинальный
roman: originalʹnyj
lang: Russian
word: затейливый
roman: zatejlivyj
lang: Russian
word: замысловатый
roman: zamyslovatyj
lang: Sanskrit
word: चतुर
roman: catura
lang: Scottish Gaelic
word: seòlta
lang: Scottish Gaelic
word: teòma
lang: Spanish
word: ingenioso
Bronx
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: Blend of Bronck + -'s. After immigrant settler Jonas Bronck (1600–1643) of New Netherlands onto the peninsula north of Manhattan Island.
* (region): Originally Bronck's Land, the land in the region settled by Jonas Bronck.
* (river): Originally Bronck's River, a river bordering the region settled by Jonas Bronck.
Compound parts: Bronck
-'s
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: A cocktail containing gin, vermouth, and orange juice.
pos: noun
Translations:
grandiloquence
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle French grandiloquence, from Latin grandiloquentia, from grandiloquus, 1580s.
Inflected forms:
form: grandiloquences
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Lofty, pompous or bombastic speech or writing.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
filament
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: astronomy
biology
botany
business
manufacturing
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
physics
textiles
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰiH-(s-)lo-der.
Proto-Italic *fī(s)lom
Latin fīlum
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Late Latin fīlō
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥
Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥tom
Proto-Italic *-mentom
Latin -mentum
Medieval Latin fīlāmentumbor.
English filament
Borrowed from Medieval Latin fīlāmentum, from Late Latin fīlō (“to spin, draw out in a long line”), from Latin fīlum (“thread”).
Inflected forms:
form: filaments
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A fine thread or wire.
pos: noun
gloss: Such a wire, as can be heated until it glows, in an incandescent light bulb or a thermionic valve.
pos: noun
examples: Lighting was unimaginative for the standard stock with naked tungsten filament bulbs and metal reflectors. However, all compartments had individual reading lights above the seats with attractive glass shades.
gloss: A massive, thread-like structure, such as those gaseous ones which extend outward from the surface of the sun, or such as those (much larger) ones which form the boundaries between large voids in the universe.
pos: noun
examples: solar filament
galaxy filament
the Ursa Major Filament
gloss: The stalk of a flower stamen, supporting the anther.
pos: noun
gloss: A continuous object, limited in length only by its spool, and not cut to length.
pos: noun
gloss: A continuous object, limited in length only by its spool, and not cut to length.
pos: noun
Derived words: biofilament
cofilament
filamental
filamentary
filamentation
filamented
filamenteous
filamentiferous
filamenting
filamentless
filamentlike
filament of galaxies
filamentoid
filamentous
filament tape
filamin
galaxy filament
granulofilament
heterofilament
homofilament
interfilament
intermediate filament
macrofilament
melanofilament
microfilament
minifilament
monofilament
multifilament
myofilament
nanofilament
neurofilament
nonfilament
nucleofilament
polyfilament
protofilament
pseudofilament
sebaceous filament
sliding filament model
solar filament
superfilament
tonofilament
vortex filament
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: влакно́
roman: vlaknó
lang: Russian
word: волокно́
roman: voloknó
enclosed
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: simple
Topics: entertainment
lifestyle
music
Inflected forms:
form: more enclosed
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most enclosed
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Contained; held within a container.
pos: adj
examples: The gas is completely enclosed within the bottle.
gloss: Surrounded by a wall, fence or similar barrier.
pos: adj
examples: an enclosed garden
gloss: Having closed slats.
pos: adj
Synonyms: bounded
confined
encircled
surrounded
castellated
Derived words: enclosedness
enclosed order
nonenclosed
semienclosed
unenclosed
Translations:
FLOPS
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: An acronym for floating-point operations per second.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: One flop per second.
pos: noun
tags: plural
plural-only
Translations:
FLOP
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: A syllabic acronym from floating-point operation.
Inflected forms:
form: FLOPs
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Synonym of flop.
pos: noun
Translations:
intervocalic
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: human-sciences
linguistics
phonetics
phonology
sciences
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁én
Proto-Indo-European *h₁entér
Proto-Italic *n̥ter
Latin inter
Latin inter-bor.
English inter-
French vocal
Proto-Indo-European *-ikos
Proto-Italic *-ikos
Latin -icuslbor.
Old French -ique
Middle French -ique
French -ique
French vocaliquebor.
English vocalic
English intervocalic
From inter- + vocalic.
Inflected forms:
Senses:
gloss: Existing or occurring between vowels.
pos: adj
tags: not-comparable
examples: Coordinate term: interconsonantal
For the ending -au, we need to assume the loss of an original intervocalic consonant, as Lat. -au- regularly yields -a- in Sardinian.
Translations:
chela
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin chele, from Ancient Greek χηλή (khēlḗ).
Inflected forms:
form: chelae
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A pincer-like claw of a crustacean or arachnid.
pos: noun
examples: It happeneth often, I confess, that a lobster hath the chely or great claw of one side longer than the other […]
The tail is curved up over the body and the pedipalps held forwards with the tip of the movable finger of the chela in contact with the sand.
The two brushes on each chela snap open into semicircular fans, forming fine-mesh baskets that passively filter water.
Translations:
negation
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: human-sciences
linguistics
logic
mathematics
philosophy
sciences
Etymology: From Middle English negacioun, from Old French negacion, from Latin negātiō (“a denial; negative word”). Morphologically negate + -ion.
Base: negate
Affixes: -ion
Inflected forms:
form: negations
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: The act of negating something.
pos: noun
tags: uncountable
examples: As an isolating language Belter Creole is rich in particles. Particles are used to indicate both negation and interrogation: na is the negative particle and it is placed before the verb
gloss: A denial or contradiction.
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: But it pleased her to play on my passion / And whet me to pleadings / That won from her mirthful negations / And scornings undue.
gloss: A proposition which is the contradictory of another proposition and which can be obtained from that other proposition by the appropriately placed addition, or insertion, of the word "not". (Or, in symbolic logic, by prepending that proposition with the symbol for the logical operator "not".)
pos: noun
tags: countable
examples: You get the negation of a proposition if you insert "not" (or some equivalent expression) into it in such a way as to form a contradictory of it.
gloss: The logical operation which obtains such (negated) propositions.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
examples: Although some of the logicians working in term logic have very complicated treatments of negation, we can see the origin of the modern conception in the extensional tradition as well. In Boole and most of his followers, the negation of a term is understood as the set theoretic complement of the class represented by that term. For this reason, the negation of classical propositional logic is often called ‘Boolean negation’.
gloss: A negative particle; a word, particularly an adverb, with a negative meaning: for instance, no and not in English, nōn, haud and nē in Latin, οὐ and μή in ancient Greek.
pos: noun
tags: countable
Related words: negate
negative
negativeness
negativism
negativity
Derived words: autonegation
devil negation
devil's negation
hypernegation
hyponegation
law of double negation
misnegation
negational
negationism
negationist
overnegation
seronegation
Translations:
lang: Arabic
word: نَفْي
roman: nafy
lang: Armenian
word: ժխտում
roman: žxtum
lang: Armenian
word: բացասում
roman: bacʻasum
lang: Bulgarian
word: отрицание
roman: otricanie
lang: Catalan
word: negació
lang: Chinese Mandarin
word: 否定
roman: fǒudìng
lang: Czech
word: negace
lang: Esperanto
word: negacio
lang: Esperanto
word: negado
lang: Esperanto
word: neado
lang: French
word: négation
lang: German
word: Negation
lang: Greek
word: άρνηση
roman: árnisi
lang: Hindi
word: निषेध
roman: niṣedh
lang: Hungarian
word: negáció
lang: Icelandic
word: neitun
lang: Japanese
word: 否定
roman: hitei
lang: Norwegian Bokmål
word: negasjon
lang: Polish
word: negacja
lang: Portuguese
word: negação
lang: Russian
word: отрица́ние
roman: otricánije
lang: Slovak
word: negácia
aspersion
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin aspersiōnem, from aspersiō (“sprinkling”).
Inflected forms:
form: aspersions
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: An attack on somebody's reputation or good name, often in the phrase to cast aspersions upon….
pos: noun
examples: No criminality can be infered or punishment inflicted, but for writing, printing, uttering, or publishing false, scandalous and malicious aspersions against the government.
Even the comfort of the bottle might conceivably fail him in this supreme crisis. At such an age nothing but a halter could cure the pangs of an unquenchable passion. And, besides, there was the wild exasperation aroused by the unjust aspersions and the contumely of the house, with the maddening impossibility to account for that mysterious thrashing, added to these simple and bitter sorrows.
Back in 2018, the body representing the water industry was snorting at Gove’s aspersions, declaring hotly that it looked forward to its pet regulator “bringing some sorely needed facts and balance to the debate”.
gloss: A sprinkling, especially of holy water.
pos: noun
tags: obsolete
examples: If thou dost break her virgin knot before
All sanctimonious ceremonies may
With full and holy rite be minister'd,
No sweet aspersion shall the heavens let fall
To make this contract grow; but barren hate […]
Derived words: cast aspersions
microaspersion
Translations:
envelop
Part of speech: verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Middle English envolupen, from Old French anveloper, envoluper (modern French envelopper), from en- + voloper, vloper (“to wrap, wrap up”) (compare Italian -viluppare; Old Italian alternative form goluppare (“to wrap”)) from Vulgar Latin *vuloppare (“to wrap”), from Proto-Germanic *wlappaną, *wrappaną (“to wrap, roll up, turn, wind”), from Proto-Indo-European *werb- (“to turn, bend”) http://www.wordnik.com/words/envelop. Akin to Middle English wlappen (“to wrap, fold”) (Modern English lap (“to wrap, involve, fold”)), Middle English wrappen (“to wrap”), Middle Dutch lappen (“to wrap up, embrace”), Danish dialectal vravle (“to wind, twist”), Middle Low German wrempen (“to wrinkle, distort”), Old English wearp (“warp”). Doublet of enwrap.
Inflected forms:
form: envelops
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: enveloping
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: enveloped
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: enveloped
pos: verb
tags: past
form: invelop
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: invelope
pos: verb
tags: alternative
form: envelope
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: To surround, enclose or enfold.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
examples: In the fulness of time there was an eruption of the merry-makers to the sidewalk. The uninvited guests enveloped and permeated them, and upon the night air rose joyous cries, congratulations, laughter and unclassified noises born of McGary's oblations to the hymeneal scene.
(b) sporophyte with foot reduced, the entire sporophyte enveloped by the calyptra, which is ± stipitate at the base.
The Midlanders will hope the victory will kickstart a campaign that looked to have hit the buffers, but the sense of trepidation enveloping the Reebok Stadium heading into the new year underlines the seriousness of the predicament facing Owen Coyle's men.
Then we trundle along a railway enveloped in trees for much of its route, before the river widens, allowing unobstructed views as the line hugs one bank before arriving at Looe, where the single platform is just long enough to fit a two-car Class 150.
Translations:
desideratum
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Learned borrowing from Latin dēsīderātum (“something that is desired”), neuter nominative singular of dēsīderātus, the passive past participle of dēsīderāre (“to desire”), from dēsīderō (“to desire, want, wish for”), from de- (intensifying prefix) + possibly sīdus (“star; constellation”) though the connection is unclear. The English word is cognate with French desideratum, Spanish desiderátum.
The plural is derived from Latin dēsīderāta.
Inflected forms:
form: desiderata
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Something that is wished for, or considered desirable, particularly when thought to be essential.
pos: noun
examples: It having hitherto been a deſideratum to draw ſilver wire fine enough for aſtronomical uſes, our author's improvement "conſiſts in nothing but in flattening the fineſt wires which are now drawn."
I shall now, agreeably to your request, endeavour to point out some of the principal Desiderata of the science of Natural History, and the most effectual means to be pursued for the Advancement of Science.
The kettle was singing on the side, and a thin white column of smoke announced, that desideratum of tea-makers, that the water boiled at a gallop.
Less teaching and good healing is to-day the acme of "well done;" a healing that is not guesswork, – chronic recovery ebbing and flowing, – but instantaneous cure. This absolute demonstration of Science must be revived. To consummate this desideratum, mortal mind must pass through three stages of growth.
While much is being done in the detailed improvement of our systems in respect of both matter and manner, the most pressing desideratum has not yet even been recognised as a desideratum.
A heavy clay soil is bad for all neuralgics, and the house should be dry, and on a sandy or gravel soil. The desideratum for all neuralgic affections is perpetual summer, but this can only be obtained, and it is not always possible, by an annual migration.
Money is probably a desideratum under almost any circumstance, though it is certainly possible to imagine limitations.
[W]e want to present certain desiderata for a theory of argument structure and the diagramming system which represents it. These desiderata will further highlight the appropriateness of presenting our dialectal theory of argument at the beginning of our study.
In terms of the seven desiderata for any adequate response to the puzzle of marked variation, I have argued that the constructivist view's only real strength lies in the first desideratum.
The overview provides an impressive picture of Esperanto research, above all against the backdrop of the conditions described above, but it also reveals a large number of research desiderata calling for exploration.
Translations:
greenwash
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Blend of green (“environmentally friendly”) + whitewash (or green + -wash), coined by Jay Westerveld in 1986.
Base: green
Affixes: -wash
Inflected forms:
form: greenwashes
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: greenwashes
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: greenwashing
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: greenwashed
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: greenwashed
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A false or misleading picture of environmental friendliness used to conceal or obscure damaging activities.
pos: noun
examples: People can be cynical about companies hiding behind green ideals, their radars finely tuned to detect a greenwash.
Greta Thunberg has blasted politicians as hypocrites and international climate summits as empty words and greenwash.
gloss: To portray with a false or misleading image of environmental friendliness so as to conceal or obscure damaging activities.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
transitive
examples: But what happens more often is that media “greenwashes” dirty energy sources (coal, gas, nuclear power) as “clean”—a particularly dangerous notion because it belies the threat they pose to our planet and human health.
The commercials were very effective – in 1990, they won an Effie advertising award, and subsequently became a case study at Harvard Business school. They also became notorious among environmentalists, who have proclaimed them the gold standard of greenwashing – the corporate practice of making diverting sustainability claims to cover a questionable environmental record.
WWF recommends including the following Clauses in the Bill to avoid potential loopholes: […] Provide clear and comprehensive definitions of “disposable” and “single-use” to avoid greenwashing and false claims for products designed to be disposable but falsely marketed otherwise to circumvent the ban.
Translations:
tuk-tuk
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Thai ตุ๊ก ๆ (dtúk-dtúk), onomatopoeic for the sound of its two-stroke engine.
Inflected forms:
form: tuk-tuks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: tuk tuk
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A motorized rickshaw, especially Southeast Asia or India.
pos: noun
examples: Photographs containing blurry night shots from Kao San Road, as well as one where a tuk tuk almost hits an elephant.
Translations:
benchmark
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: computing
engineering
mathematics
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
sciences
Etymology: From bench + mark. First use appears c. 1842. Originally a mark cut into a stone by land surveyors to secure a bench (from land surveying jargon in the 19th century, meaning a type of bracket), to mount measuring equipment. The figurative sense first appears c. 1884.
Base: bench
Inflected forms:
form: benchmarks
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: bench mark
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: benchmarks
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: benchmarking
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: benchmarked
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: benchmarked
pos: verb
tags: past
form: bench mark
pos: verb
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A standard by which something is evaluated or measured.
pos: noun
examples: Near-synonym: criterion
Is the pope Catholic? Forgive the posing of a question that is usually rhetorical, the absolute benchmark of certainty, and traditionally regarded as even more settled than the one pertaining to the lavatorial arrangements of bears.
In a press release, CARB expanded on their decision. "The LCFS reduces air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions by setting a declining carbon intensity target for transportation fuels used in California; producers that don't meet established benchmarks buy credits from those that do. This system has generated $4 billion in annual private sector investment toward a cleaner transportation sector."
gloss: A surveyor's mark made on some stationary object and shown on a map; used as a reference point.
pos: noun
examples: Near-synonym: datum
gloss: A computer program that is executed to assess the performance of the runtime environment.
pos: noun
gloss: To measure the performance or quality of (an item) relative to another similar item in an impartial scientific manner.
pos: verb
tags: intransitive
transitive
gloss: To measure the performance or quality of (an item) relative to another similar item in an impartial scientific manner.
pos: verb
tags: ambitransitive
transitive
Synonyms: kitemark
yardstick
Derived words: non-benchmark
benchmarkable
benchmarker
benchmarketing
canned benchmark
microbenchmark
rebenchmark
unbenchmarked
Translations:
Mankad
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: Named after the Indian cricketer Vinoo Mankad.
Inflected forms:
form: Mankads
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: Mankads
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: Mankading
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: Mankaded
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: Mankaded
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A run out of the non-striker by the bowler before bowling the ball if the non-striker leaves their crease too early; thought by some to be unsporting behaviour, but is within the rules of the game.
pos: noun
gloss: To run a player out by this means.
pos: verb
Translations:
midwicket
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *me
Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁-?
Proto-Indo-European *-dʰe
Proto-Indo-European *médʰi
Proto-Indo-European *-os
Proto-Indo-European *médʰyos
Proto-Germanic *midjaz
Proto-West Germanic *midi
Old English midd
Middle English mid
English mid
English mid-
English wicket
English midwicket
From mid- + wicket.
Inflected forms:
form: midwickets
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A fielding position, about 40° forward of square on the leg side, between square leg and mid on.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
minefield
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Topics: ball-games
cricket
games
hobbies
lifestyle
sports
Etymology: From mine + field. Compare Saterland Frisian Mienenfäield (“minefield”), West Frisian mynfjild (“minefield”), Dutch mijnenveld (“minefield”), German Low German Minenfeld (“minefield”), German Minenfeld (“minefield”), Danish minefelt (“minefield”), Swedish minfält (“minefield”).
Compound parts: mine
field
Inflected forms:
form: minefields
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: mine field
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: An area in which land mines or naval mines have been laid.
pos: noun
gloss: A matter or situation presenting multiple risks, dangers, complications or difficulties.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
figuratively
examples: Be careful. Foreign property investments are a minefield, and some people have lost a lot of money.
Russian grammar can be a minefield.
Political minefield awaits Prayut government including threat from an old foe
gloss: A pitch that has dried out and crumbled and on which the ball is bouncing and spinning unpredictably.
pos: noun
gloss: A quiz that terminates when the test-taker answers a question incorrectly.
pos: noun
Derived words: tiptoe through a minefield
Translations:
herbarium
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Latin herbārium. Doublet of arbor.
Inflected forms:
form: herbariums
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: herbaria
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A collection of dried plants or parts of plants.
pos: noun
examples: With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]
gloss: A building or institution where such a collection is kept.
pos: noun
Related words: herbarial
arboretum
botanical garden
Translations:
tetra
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From translingual Tetragonopterus, an obsolete genus that included these fish, ultimately from Ancient Greek τετράγωνος (tetrágōnos, “square, quadrilateral”) + πτερόν (pterón, “wing, fin”).
Inflected forms:
form: tetras
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of numerous species of small freshwater fish of the South American family Characidae and West African family Alestidae, popular in home aquariums.
pos: noun
examples: Among them were ancient relatives of the piranhas and those popular aquarium fish the tetras, along with garfish and freshwater coelacanths, known as mawsonids.
Translations:
deceiver
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: Inherited from Middle English deceyvour, from Anglo-Norman decevour; by surface analysis, deceive + -er.
Inflected forms:
form: deceivers
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A person who lies or deceives.
pos: noun
examples: My memory my fond deceiver / Is turning all my past into pain / While I'm being raped by progress / Tomorrow's world is here to stay
gloss: Another name for Satan.
pos: noun
Synonyms: bamboozler
bouncer
bullshitter
cheat
cheater
cogger
cony-catcher
crammer
deceiver
deceptor
fabricator
fabulist
falser
gabber
grifter
guiler
liar
losenger
mocker
pseudologist
rook
Scandaroon
shammer
Spanish athlete
swindler
swike
treacher
trickster
trucker
wernard
Antonyms: Honest Abe
nonliar
square shooter
straight shooter
truthteller
Related words: dissembler
faker
forger
hypocrite
misrepresenter
kidder
phoney
pretender
sophist
deceive
deception
dupe
Derived words: amethyst deceiver
archdeceiver
beaver deceiver
self-deceiver
Translations:
Karen
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Danish Karen, a vernacular form of Catherine that arose in medieval Denmark. The sense "middle-aged woman" comes from the popularity of the name among baby boomers and Gen-Xers. The derogatory usage was popularized via African-American Vernacular English.
Inflected forms:
form: Karens
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: Caren
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: Caron
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: Caryn
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: Karin
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: Karyn
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A middle-aged white woman who exhibits a strong sense of white privilege and entitlement—often rooted in racism against minority races—and frequently targets or antagonizes individuals who face greater societal challenges or must work significantly harder than she.
pos: noun
tags: derogatory
slang
examples: “I pull out the dog treats I carry for just for such intransigence,” he wrote. “That’s when I started video recording with my iPhone, and when her inner Karen fully emerged and took a dark turn,” he said, using the name that has become slang for an entitled white woman.
It was through that performance that Amy Cooper took on the mantle of an American archetype: the white woman who weaponizes her vulnerability to exact violence upon a Black man. […] In 2020, she is simply Karen.
“If I lived Chloe’s life, where she was walking around with other wealthy people basically being upper-class Karens having a fit when their dogs aren’t allowed at yoga, then I might understand,” he said.
He plays a suburban homeowner who loves nothing more than to snitch on his fellow whites, calling the cops on any Caucasian who steps foot on his lawn, be they old lady, a girl scout, or Colin Jost. Charlie xcx gets in on the action as his proud Karen of a wife.
gloss: Any person, especially female, exhibiting an exaggerated sense of entitlement.
pos: noun
tags: broadly
derogatory
examples: This Karen threatened to get me fired if I didn't give her a free meal.
2021 Adam Korson as Phil Orley in "Ft. Ghost Child", episode five of SurrealEstate
The organization wasn't meeting my needs, so I became a total Karen and asked to see the manager. He wasn't available so I took my business elsewhere.
Related words: gammon
Miss Ann
Translations:
passer-by
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: compound
Etymology: From passer + by. Compare bystander.
Compound parts: passer
by
Inflected forms:
form: passers-by
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: passerby
pos: noun
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A person who is passing by (that is, walking past).
pos: noun
examples: When he tripped and fell in the street, several kind passers-by helped him up.
With a little manœuvring they contrived to meet on the doorstep which was […] in a boiling stream of passers-by, hurrying business people speeding past in a flurry of fumes and dust in the bright haze.
Translations:
amphibole
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: From French amphibole, coined by René Just Haüy from Ancient Greek ἀμφίβολος (amphíbolos, “ambiguous”), in reference to its many forms.
Inflected forms:
form: amphiboles
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: Any of a large group of structurally similar hydrated double silicate minerals, containing various combinations of sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, and aluminium.
pos: noun
examples: Remember when we could see the mountain's peak?
The sparkle off the amphibole.
Translations:
hornblende
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Topics: chemistry
geography
geology
mineralogy
natural-sciences
physical-sciences
Etymology: From German Hornblende, from Horn (“horn”) + Blende (see blende).
Inflected forms:
form: hornblendes
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A green to black amphibole mineral, of complex structure, formed in the late stages of cooling in igneous rock.
pos: noun
tags: countable
uncountable
Translations:
palomino
Part of speech: noun
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Borrowed from Spanish palomino, from paloma (“dove, pigeon”) + diminutive suffix -ino.
Inflected forms:
form: palominos
pos: noun
tags: plural
Senses:
gloss: A horse with a golden-colored coat and a white or cream-colored mane and tail.
pos: noun
examples: I mount my palomino and ride off; his flaxen mane and tail are full of the wind.
Translations:
surcingle
Part of speech: noun
verb
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: From Old French surcengle, formed with sur (“over”) and cengle (“girdle”).
Inflected forms:
form: surcingles
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: surcingles
pos: verb
tags: present
singular
third-person
form: surcingling
pos: verb
tags: participle
present
form: surcingled
pos: verb
tags: participle
past
form: surcingled
pos: verb
tags: past
Senses:
gloss: A long unpadded strap to pass over and keep in place a blanket, pack or saddle on an animal.
pos: noun
examples: He was standing on the offside of his horse, holding up the flap of his saddle, with the surcingle loosened, and was pointing to the girths. Close to their attachment to the saddle they had been almost cut through with a knife.
gloss: A piece of tack wrapped around the belly of a horse, to use when longeing.
pos: noun
gloss: A girdle to fasten a garment, especially a cassock.
pos: noun
gloss: To fasten with a surcingle.
pos: verb
tags: transitive
Synonyms: circingle
Translations:
lang: Bulgarian
word: подпруга
roman: podpruga
lang: French
word: surfaix
lang: German
word: Obergurt
lang: Navajo
word: achxoshtłʼóól
lang: Turkish
word: kolan
lang: Ottoman Turkish
word: قولاك
roman: kolañ
Hoosier
Part of speech: noun
adj
Morphological type: simple
Etymology: Uncertain. See Wikipedia's article on the subject for theories. Popularized by the 1830 John Finley poem “The Hoosier’s Nest”.
Inflected forms:
form: Hoosiers
pos: noun
tags: plural
form: hoosier
pos: noun
tags: alternative
form: more Hoosier
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most Hoosier
pos: adj
tags: superlative
form: hoosier
pos: adj
tags: alternative
Senses:
gloss: A native or resident of the U.S. state of Indiana.
pos: noun
examples: Indiana’s Borderlanders called themselves Hoosiers, came from the backcountry of Kentucky and western Virginia, and were ambivalent about slavery.
gloss: Someone associated with Indiana University, for example as a student, alum, or sports team member, or as a fan. This is also the university's sports mascot.
pos: noun
gloss: An uneducated, tasteless, boorish white person.
pos: noun
tags: slang
examples: Near-synonym: (Canada) hoser
"The mall? Belinda, mall pickups are for hoosiers," I say, St. Louis slang for white trash. "With femullets." [...] "But Jake's no hoosier."
Taken as a whole, the article portrayed Ray as an indigent, racist “Hoosier” (St. Louis slang for redneck) with an inept, habitual tendency to commit petty crimes.
gloss: A kind of cupboard or dresser with shelves, drawers, etc.; a kitchenet.
pos: noun
tags: US
historical
gloss: Characteristic of or pertaining to the American state of Indiana.
pos: adj
examples: Less well known but perhaps even more interesting than Stephenson is Court Asher, the second "gentleman" from Indiana. Asher is a more convincing bigot than Stephenson, one more homegrown and more Hoosier than the puffed-up grand dragon, […]
That's not very Hoosier, is it?
“Somehow the tradition doesn't seem very Hoosier.”
Translations:
untoward
Part of speech: adj
Morphological type: derivation
Etymology: From un- + toward (“to + -ward”).
Base: to
Affixes: -ward
Inflected forms:
form: more untoward
pos: adj
tags: comparative
form: most untoward
pos: adj
tags: superlative
Senses:
gloss: Unfavourable, adverse, or disadvantageous.
pos: adj
examples: But as soon as her son espied her, bowl in hand, he thought that haply something untoward had befallen her, but he would not ask of aught until such time as she had set down the bowl, when she acquainted him with that which had occurred[…]
Honest men for the most part, but men with whom the world had dealt hardly; the failures of all countries, men sobered by toil and saddened by exile, who had been driven to fight for the dominion of an untoward soil, to sow where others should gather, the advance-guard of a mighty civilization to be.
At Tebay however, he began to get the mastery over these untoward conditions, and actually got back a little time up to Shap, after which all was plain sailing.
No untoward effects were reported; however, this was not a blinded or controlled study.
However, these guidelines may not be applicable to all individuals with refractory epilepsy, in whom seizure control is not achieved without using polytherapy or resection surgery with their untoward side effects.
gloss: Unruly, troublesome; not easily guided.
pos: adj
gloss: Unseemly, improper.
pos: adj
examples: She could hardly have made a more untoward choice.
The managing director was very depressed at the news, but realized that trying to prove anything untoward had taken place would be very difficult.
“I have a suspicion that someone is trying to recategorize my generosity to ex-girlfriends as something more untoward,” Gaetz said. As only he could.
Derived words: untowardly
untowardness
Translations: