ஃபதேசிங்ராவோ கேக்வாத்
{{Infobox cricketer biography
 | playername = ஃபதே சிங்ராவோ கேக்வாத் 
 | image = Fatehsinghrao Gaekwad.jpg
 | caption =
 | batting = வலதுகை துடுப்பாட்டம் 
 | bowling = n/a
 | columns = 1
 | column1 = [[முதல்தர துடுப்பாட்டம்|முதது]] 
 | matches1 = 28 
 | runs1 = 831
 | bat avg1 = 21.30
 | 100s/50s1  = 0/5
 | top score1 = 99
 | deliveries1  = 120
 | wickets1 = 1
 | bowl avg1  = 58.00
 | fivefor1 = 0
 | tenfor1 = 0
 | best bowling1  = 1/8
 | catches/stumpings1= 8/0
 | international  = true
 | country = இந்தியா
 | teamcountry = இந்தியா
 | testdebutfor =
 | testdebutagainst =
 | testdebutdate  = 11 March
 | testdebutyear  = 1944
 | lasttestdate = 29 December
 | lasttestfor  =
 | lasttestagainst =
 | lasttestyear = 1964
 | source = http://cricketarchive.co.uk/Archive/Players/38/38267/38267.html கிரிக்கெட் ஆக்கைவ்
 | date  =
 | year  =
 }}
 '''ஃபதேசிங்ராவோ கேக்வாத்''' (''Fatehsinghrao Gaekwad'', பிறப்பு: [[ஏப்ரல் 2]] [[1930]], இறப்பு: [[பிப்ரவரி 1]] [[1988]]), [[இந்தியா|இந்தியத்]] [[துடுப்பாட்டம்|துடுப்பாட்டக்காரர்]], இவர் எந்தவொரு [[தேர்வுத் துடுப்பாட்டம்|தேர்வுத் துடுப்பாட்டப் போட்டியிலும்]] கலந்து கொள்ளவில்லை. 28 [[பட்டியல் அ துடுப்பாட்டம்|ஏ-தர துடுப்பாட்டப்]] போட்டிகளில் கலந்து கொண்டுள்ளார்.&lt;ref&gt;{{Citation|url=http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend26.htm|title=The Constitution (26 Amendment) Act, 1971|publisher=Government of India|work=indiacode.nic.in|year = 1971|access-date=9 November 2011}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;'''1.''' {{cite book|last=Ramusack|first=Barbara N.|author-link=Barbara Ramusack|title=The Indian princes and their states|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Kz1-mtazYqEC&amp;pg=PA278|access-date=6 November 2011|year=2004|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26727-4|page=278}}, &quot;Through a constitutional amendment passed in 1971, Indira Gandhi stripped the princes of the '''titles''', privy purses and regal privileges which her father's government had granted.&quot; (p 278). '''2.''' {{citation|last=Naipaul|first=V. S.|author-link=V. S. Naipaul|title=India: A Wounded Civilization|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XYeWbmq7pkIC&amp;pg=PT37|year=2003|publisher=Random House Digital, Inc.|isbn=978-1-4000-3075-0|page=37}} Quote: &quot;The princes of India &amp;ndash; their number and variety reflecting to a large extent the chaos that had come to the country with the break up of the Mughal empire &amp;ndash; had lost real power in the British time.  Through generations of idle servitude they had grown to specialize only in style.  A bogus, extinguishable glamour: in 1947, with Independence, they had lost their state, and Mrs. Gandhi in 1971 had, without much public outcry, abolished their privy purses and '''titles'''.&quot; (pp 37&amp;ndash;38). '''3.''' {{citation|last=Schmidt|first=Karl J.|title=An atlas and survey of South Asian history|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FzmkFXSgxqgC&amp;pg=PA78|year=1995|publisher=M.E. Sharpe|isbn=978-1-56324-334-9|page=78}} Quote: &quot;Although the Indian states were alternately requested or forced into union with either India or Pakistan, the real death of princely India came when the Twenty-sixth Amendment Act (1971) abolished the princes' '''titles''', privileges, and privy purses.&quot; (page 78). '''4.''' {{citation|last=Breckenridge|first=Carol Appadurai|author-link=Carol Breckenridge|title=Consuming modernity: public culture in a South Asian world|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LN4MN35b-r4C&amp;pg=PA84|access-date=6 November 2011|year=1995|publisher=U of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0-8166-2306-8|page=84}}  Quote: &quot;The third stage in the political evolution of the princes from rulers to citizens occurred in 1971, when the constitution ceased to recognize them as princes and their privy purses, '''titles''', and special privileges were abolished.&quot; (page 84).  '''5.''' {{citation|last=Guha|first=Ramachandra|author-link=Ramchandra Guha|title=India After Gandhi: The History of the World's Largest Democracy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2fvd-CaFdqYC&amp;pg=PA441|year=2008|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-095858-9|page=441}} Quote: &quot;Her success at the polls emboldened Mrs. Gandhi to act decisively against the princes. Through 1971, the two sides tried and failed to find a settlement. The princes were willing to forgo their privy purses, but hoped at least to save their titles. But with her overwhelming majority in Parliament, the prime minister had no need to compromise. On 2 December she introduced a bill to amend the constitution and abolish all princely privileges. It was passed in the Lok Sabha by 381 votes to six, and in the Rajya Sabha by 167 votes to seven. In her own speech, the prime minister invited 'the princes to join the elite of the modern age, the elite which earns respect by its talent, energy and contribution to human progress, all of which can only be done when we work together as equals without regarding anybody as of special status.' &quot; (page 441).  '''6.''' {{cite book|last=Cheesman|first=David|title=Landlord power and rural indebtedness in colonial Sind, 1865-1901|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rtBi1MgVD0AC&amp;pg=PA10|year=1997|publisher=Routledge|location=London|isbn=978-0-7007-0470-5|page=10}} Quote: &quot;The Indian princes survived the British Raj by only a few years.  The Indian republic stripped them of their powers and then their '''titles'''.&quot; (page 10). '''7.''' {{citation|author=Merriam-Webster, Inc|title=Merriam-Webster's geographical dictionary|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Co_VIPIJerIC&amp;pg=PA520|year=1997|publisher=Merriam-Webster|isbn=978-0-87779-546-9|page=520}} Quote: &quot;'''Indian States''': &quot;Various (formerly) semi-independent areas in India ruled by native princes .... Under British rule ... administered by residents assisted by political agents.  Titles and remaining privileges of princes abolished by Indian government 1971.&quot; (page 520).  '''8.''' {{citation|last=Ward|first=Philip|title=Northern India, Rajasthan, Agra, Delhi: a travel guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KubCD2jHjEsC&amp;pg=PA91|date=September 1989|publisher=Pelican Publishing|isbn=978-0-88289-753-0|page=91}} Quote: &quot;A monarchy is only as good as the reigning monarch: thus it is with the princely states.  Once they seemed immutable, invincible.  In 1971 they were &quot;derecognized,&quot;  their privileges, privy purses and '''titles''' all abolished at a stroke&quot; (page 91)&lt;/ref&gt;
 
 ==மேற்கோள்கள்==
 {{reflist}}
 
 [[பகுப்பு:இந்தியத் துடுப்பாட்டக்காரர்கள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:1930 பிறப்புகள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:1988 இறப்புகள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:2ஆவது மக்களவை உறுப்பினர்கள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:3வது மக்களவை உறுப்பினர்கள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:5வது மக்களவை உறுப்பினர்கள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:6வது மக்களவை உறுப்பினர்கள்]]
 [[பகுப்பு:இருபதாம் நூற்றாண்டு இந்திய அரசியல்வாதிகள்]]