Case: RATON WATER WORKS COMPANY v. RATON
Abbreviation: Raton Water Works Co. v. Raton
Decision Date: 1899-05-15
Docket Number: No. 272
Citation: 174 U.S. 360
Volume: 174
Reporter: United States Reports
Court: Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction: United States
Parties: RATON WATER WORKS COMPANY v. RATON.
Judges: 
Pages: 360–364

Head Matter:
RATON WATER WORKS COMPANY v. RATON.
APPEAL EROM THE SUPREME COURT OF THE TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO.
No. 272.
Argued April 28, 1899.
Decided May 15, 1899.
The water works company contracted with the municipal corporation of Raton to construct and maintain water works for it, and the corporation contracted to pay an agreed rental for the use of hydrants for twenty-five years. The works were constructed, and the corporation issued to the company, in pursuance of ordinances, warrants for such payments falling due one in every six months. Subsequently the corporation repealed the ordinances authorizing payment of the warrants, and passed other ordinances in conflict with them, whereupon the corporation refused to pay the warrants which had accrued and others as they became due. Thereupon the company filed this bill to enforce the payments of the amounts of rental already accrued, and as it should become due thereafter. Held, That the remedy of the company upon the warrants was at law, and not in equity, and that the court below should have dismissed the bill, without prejudice to the right of the company to bring an action at law.
In August, 1895, the Raton Water Works Company, a corporation organized under the laws of the Territory of New Mexico, filed, in the district court of the county of Colfax, Territory of New Mexico, a bill of complaint against the town of Raton, á municipal corporation of that Territory.
It was narrated in the bill that a contract had been entered into, in July, 1891, between the water works company and the town of Raton, whereby the company agreed to erect and maintain water works and to supply the town and its inhabitants, and the town agreed to pay rental for the use of hydrants in certain amounts during a period of twenty-five years; that the water works company had fully performed and complied with the contract on its part, at an expenditure of $115,000 ; that the town, from time to time, made certain payments of rental for hydrants furnished; that on January 1, 1895, the town, in pursuance of ordinances, issued to the water works company in payment warrants of said town, of that date, and falling due one every six months, and aggregating several thousand dollars. Each of said warrants was duly drawn on the treasurer of the town of Eaton, signed by the mayor and countersigned by the recorder of said town; that in pursuance of law it was the duty of the treasurer of the said town to have and keep in his office a book to be called “ The Eegistry of Town Orders,” wherein should be entered and set down, at the date of the presentation thereof, each of said warrants, and to pay out of the funds of said town, in his hands for disbursement, the amount of each of said warrants, in the order in' which the same were presented to him for payment; that, subsequently, the board of trustees of said town wrongfully and without authority of law, and in disregard of the contract rights of the water works company, undertook to repeal the ordinance in which the terms and method of payment for the rent of hydrants were prescribed, and to pass certain other ordinances in conflict with the preceding ordinances under which the rights of the company had accrued; that, in pursuance of the latter ordinances, the town treasurer refused to register warrants held by the company and presented for registration ; that, in addition to the amount of said warrants, there will accrue and become due to the company semi-annually during the continuance of said contracts the sum of $1962.50; that said town refuses to pay the said several amounts heretofore accrued and payable, and refuses to pay the said several amounts which will hereafter accrue, and gives out and pretends that the said contract is inoperative and invalid, and refuses to perform the same on its part, although in the possession, use and enjoyment of the said water plant under said contract.
The bill prayed that the town of Eaton should be decreed specifically to perform the said contract, and to pay the amounts of said rental which had theretofore accrued and become payable, and might thereafter accrue and become payable, .in pursuance of the terms of the contract, and should be enjoined from enforcing said repealing ordinances.
The defendant, in its answer, admitted the making of the contract, the performance -thereof by the company; that the board of trustees issued to the company the several warrants, drawn in manner, amount and number as alleged in the bill; that it was the duty of the treasurer of the town to keep in his office a book of registry, but denied that it was the duty of the treasurer to enter and set down, at the date of the presentation thereof, each of said warrants, and to pay out of the funds of the town in his hands for disbursement the amount of each of said warrants in the order in which the same were presented, or in any other order, said warrants being illegal, null and void. Also admitted the passage of the original ordinance prescribing the method of payment of rental by the issuance of warrants, and the passage of the repealing ordinance complained of, and that it has been and now is in the possession, use and enjoyment of the water plant of the water works company. The answer likewise admitted that it has given out that said contract, so far as it calls for the payment of $1962.50 semi-annually, is inoperative and invalid, and that it has refused to pay said sum semi-annually.
By way of defence, the answer alleged that defendant, as a municipal corporation of the Territory of New Mexico, is authorized by law to levy each year and collect a special tax sufficient to pay off the water rents agreed to be paid to the complainant, provided that said special tax shall not exceed the sum of two mills on the dollar for any one year; that said alleged semi-annual rental of $1962.50 claimed by the complainant is far in excess of the amount derivable from a two-mill tax levy on the assessed value of property subject to taxation within said town of Baton, and that said rental, so far as it is in excess of the proceeds of such a tax levy, is illegal; that said original ordinance, so far as the same imposes upon the defendant the obligation to pay complainant an annual sum greater than the proceeds of a two-mill tax, or to impose a tax levy greater than said rate, was and is null, void and inoperative, the same having been made and entered into by defendant’s trustees in violation of law and in excess of the powers conferred upon them by the statutes of New Mexico; and that the warrants issued to- complainant were and are null and void, because issued in excess of the amount .derivable from a two-mill tax levy on each dollar of taxable property.
Having thus answered, the defendant pleaded “ that all and every the matters the complainant’s bill mentioned and complained of are matters which may be tried and determined at law, and with respect to which the complainant is not entitled to any relief from a court of equity, and this defendant asks that it shall have the same benefit of this defence as if it had demurred to the complainant’s bill.”
The cause was heard on bill and answer, and in September, 1896, the said district court entered a decree in accordance with the prayer of the bill, decreeing that the said original ordinance, contract and agreement should in all things be specifically performed by and ;on the part of the town- of Raton, and that the town should issue and pay the warrants out of any funds or moneys in the treasury of the town, whether derived from general or special taxes. From this decree an appeal' was taken to the Supreme Court of the Territory, where the decree -of the lower court was reversed and an order was entered directing the lower court to dismiss the bill at the cost of the water works company. The cause was then brought to this court on an appeal from the decree of the Supreme Court of the Territory.
Mr. Henry A. Forster for appellant.
Mr. N. B. Laughlin for appellee.

Opinion:
Mr. Justice Shiras,
after stating the case,- delivered the opinion of the court.
The water works company, when it filed its bill in this ease, was in possession of warrants that had been issued to it by the town of Raton in pursuance of the provisions of a contract existing between the company and the town. Those warrants were in the form of drafts drawn on the treasurer of the town, signed by the mayor and countersigned by the recorder of the town. They were for specific sums of money, payable at fixed periods, bearing interest from date, and some of them past due when the bill was filed.
In short, the warrants, if valid, were legal causes of action enforceable in a court of law. The defendant did not waive the question, but averred in its answer that the matters complained of in-the bill were matters which could be tried and determined at law. And the Supreme Court of the Territory-in its opinion says: "If the warrants, upon which payment is sought here, are valid, an action at law is the proper remedy to enforce their payment. They have been issued' and are-claimed to be outstanding obligations against the defendant town, and it says they are void, and therefore declines to pay them, Then, if in an action at law judgment should be in favor of the legal holders, and defendant's trustees should decline to provide for their payment, mandamus would be the proper remedy to compel the necessary levy."
In this state of facts we think the courts below erred in considering and determining the legal controversy in a suit in equity, but should have dismissed complainant's bill without prejudice to its right to bring an action at law. Barney v. Baltimore, 6 Wall. 280; Kendig v. Dean, 97 U. S. 423; Rogers v. Durant, 106 U. S. 644.
Accordingly, and without expressing or implying any opinion of our own on the'merits of the controversy —
The decree of the Supreme Oourt of the Territory is reversed and the cause is remanded to that court with directions to amend its decree by directing the district court to dismiss the bill without prejudice to the right of the complainant to sue at law.