Case: Vienne v. McCarty, surviving Partner
Abbreviation: Vienne v. McCarty
Decision Date: 1785-12
Docket Number: 
Citation: 1 Dall. 154
Volume: 1
Reporter: United States Reports
Court: Philadelphia County Court of Common Pleas
Jurisdiction: Pennsylvania
Parties: Vienne v. McCarty, surviving Partner.
Judges: 
Pages: 159–161

Head Matter:
Vienne v. McCarty, surviving Partner.
Foreign attachment. — Partnership.
The court will inquire into the cause of action, in the ease of foreign attachments, and dissolve them if sufficient cause be not shown.
The separate creditor of a deceased partner cannot maintain an action against the surviving partner, for moneys which have come into his hands in that capacity.
After argument (by Qoxe, Wilcoclcs and Wilson, for the plaintiff, and by Ingersoll and Lewis, for the defendant),

Opinion:
the President delivered the opinion of the court in this cause.
Shippen, President.
The first point to be considered in this case, is, whether the court think themselves authorized to inquire into the cause of action in the case of attachments, as they do in cases of capias, where the defendant's person is taken into custody ? The reason of inquiring into the cause of action on writs issued against the person, is to prevent a vexatious plaintiff from imprisoning the body of the defendant without cause. In the case of attachments, though the reason may not perhaps be so forcible, as the personal liberty of the defendant is more precious than his property, yet the abuse of the process of law may be as great, and the necessity of providing against a wanton and groundless seizure of the defendant's effects, as obvious. In the case of specific articles attached, a stranger's ship, or other effects, may be taken out cf his hands, and detained for such a length of time as to ruin his voyage, and embarrass his affairs beyond redress. So, in the case of debts attached, his property may be locked up, his remittances prevented, and the injury nearly as great in the other case. The bail marked by an attorney, or *a malicious plaintiff, may be out of all bounds disproportioned to the debt ; and if there was no way of examining into the justice or extent of ithe demand, a defendant might be at the mercy of the plaintiff, to be ruined at his pleasure. All these mischiefs may be prevented, without injury to any one, by an inquiry made by the court into the cause of action, in the same manner that it is every day done in cases of capias / and we think the spirit of the law, and sound reason, point out the necessity of such an-interposition.
The cause of action shown in this case, is a bill of exchange drawn by James Cummins, with a protest for non-payment, and this would undoubtedly be a sufficient cause of action against James Cummins, his executors or administrators ; but to make it amount to a cause of action against William McCarty, the surviving partner of James Cummins, it being the separate debt of James Cummins, contracted before the partnership, something more must be shown. All that is shown is, that he has a sum of money in his hands, recovered in two actions, one against John Nixon, as administrator of James Cummins, the other against Mifflin and Butler, both sums recovered by McCarty as surviving partner of Cummins. This is an action at common law, und I am at a loss to find out upon what principle it can be supported. I have heard of no case which gives a creditor an action against the debtor of his debtor — there is no privity between the parties. An attachment will lie against the debtor himself, and- that attachment may be laid in the hands of a third person as garnishee; but to bring the action originally against that third person, is, I believe, without example, unless some particular lien appears on the goods or money iu his hands ; and no lien appears in favor of this creditor which does not exist in favor of every other private creditor of Cummins. Besides, there appears to have been a verdict of a jury, and a judgment of a court of law, upon the very point on which the plaintiff founds his demand. If the administrator of Cummins could not retain this money against the surviving partner (the administrator being the proper representative of all the creditors), how can a single creditor maintain an action for that very money ?
We are, therefore, of opinion, that no sufficient cause of action appears against the defendant, and adjudge, that the money and .effects of the defendant be discharged from the attachment,
The right of inquiring into the cause of action, in cases of foreign attachment, is now firmly established, and the practice has been regulated by several reported decis,ions. As to the time in which the motion must be made, see Whiteside v. Oakman, post, p. 294; Penman v. Gardener, 4 Yeates 6; Miles v. McFarland, cited in Sergeant on Attachments, p. 138; Kearney v. McCullough, 5 Binn. 389. Upon the manner of showing cause, see Taylor v. Knox, post, p. 158; Redwood v. Consequa, 2 Bro. 78; Mollet v. Fonsera, 4 S. & R. 543; Elbridge v. Robinson, Id. 548.
The garnishee may rule the plaintiff to 226. So, he may rule the plaintiff to issue a show cause of action. Erb v. Landis, 3 Clark scire facias. Finch v. Bullock, 10 Phila. 318,
s. p. King of Spain v. Oliver, Peters C. C. 288.
See McCarty v. Nixon, 2 Dall. 65, 66, in note; McCarty v. Emlen, 2 Yeates 190; s. c. 2 Dall. 277; Knox v. Summers, 4 Yeates 477; Bell v. Newman, 5 S. & R. 78; Bank N. A. v. McCall, 3 Binn. 338; s. c. 4 Id. 371; Vanderwick v. Summerl, 2 W. C. C. 41.
á) This case was brought before the court upon a doubt entertained by Mr. President Shippen, of the power of a single .judge to afford a remedy in the case of attachments, similar to that usually given in cases of arrests. In the latter case, the cause is still continued in court, by ordering a common appearance ; but in attachments, the defendant being absent, cannot enter a common appearance, or give a warrant of attorney for that purpose. Therefore, all that can be done, where no cause of action can be shown, is to dissolve the attachment, which it is only in the power of the court from whence the writ issues, to do.
See Swilkey v. Shaibley, 9 Lancaster Bar, action is not amendable. Mylert v. White, 1 114. The affidavit of the plaintiffs cause of W. N. C. 626.