Case: The President, Directors and Company of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Plaintiffs in error vs. John Ashley and John Ella, Defendants
Abbreviation: President of the Bank of Kentucky v. Ashley
Decision Date: 1829-01
Docket Number: 
Citation: 2 Pet. 327
Volume: 27
Reporter: United States Reports
Court: Supreme Court of the United States
Jurisdiction: United States
Parties: The President, Directors and Company of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Plaintiffs in error vs. John Ashley and John Ella, Defendants.
Judges: 
Pages: 327–330

Head Matter:
The President, Directors and Company of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, Plaintiffs in error vs. John Ashley and John Ella, Defendants.
The declaration purported to count upon sixty-eight bills'of the bank of the commonwealth of Kentucky, and it appeared that one of the bills had been omitted . to be-described, so’that the declaration made out a less sum than t(ie writ claimed or the judgment gave.' The defendants in error, plaintiffs. belowt moved for leave to cure the defect by entering a remittitur of the amount of the bill so omitted and damages pro tanto.
This Court thinks itself authorised to make a precedent in furtherance of justice, whereby a more convenient practice may be introduced, and to allow the party to enter his remittitur; but orepayment of the costs of the writ, if error is prosecuted no further after such amendment made. [329]
ERROR to the circuit court of Kentucky.
This action was. in all respects similar to that of the pre- . sident, directors and company of the bank of the commonwealth of Kentucky vs. Wister, Prince and Wister, ante page 318, with the exception only, that it was founded on the notes of the bank payable to bearer, and .usually denominated bank notes. The declaration contained counts in debt on simple contract, averring that the plaintiffs in the case were the holders of the notes, and that they became their property by delivery, and that paymént had been .demanded and had been refused.
The defendants entered the same plea as in the case referred to, which was adjudged against them, and a trial was had and a verdict of judgment rendered for the plaintiffs below for the whole debt, with damages for the detention from the commencement of the suit.
The bilPof exceptions presented the same points to the Court as in the fojmer case, and the only.question which was argued before this Court was upon the effect of an omission to describe one of the sixty-eight bank notes ip the declaration, the verdict and judgment, having been given for a sum including the note, as if the same had been so described.
The counsel for. _the defendants in error, Mr Caswell, stated that a remittitur would be entered for the,amount of 'the note which had hot been set out in the declaration, if this Court would permit the same. The debet and detinet in the' declaration, stated correctly the amount of the plaintiffs’ claim, and the verdict and judgment were in conformity therewith.
Mr Nicholas, for the. plaintiffs in error,
replied that this Court cannot amend the declaration, and that the plaintiffs here have a right to avail themselves of the-error. Amendments may be made in the courts from which the case is brought^ while the record is in the possession of those courts; but this writ, of error has brought up the whole record, and the power to amend in the circuit court no longer exists.

Opinion:
Mr Justice Johnson
delivered the opinion of the Court.
,This was an action of debt instituted upóH thé.bank notes of the commonwealth bank,' in which the defendants haVe recovered judgment for $6350 with interest.
The bank filed the same plea to the jurisdiction of the court below,' as was filed in.the case of Wister,- Price and Wister. The decision therefore, delivered in that, casé, renders it unnecessary to remark upon this part of the present cause. No other plea haying been -filed, judgment went by default for the. sum claimed by the writ. But upon examining the declaration which purports to count severally upon sixty-eight bills, it appears that one of* the sixty-eight has been omitted. Of consequence, the declaratiqh makes out a less sum, and one debit less in number than the writ claims or the judgment gives. This, is error: but the. plaintiffs now move for leave to cúre it, by entering a reniittitur of the debt so omittéd, and damages pro tanto. And this Court has; taken time to consider the motion.
That the party would have had a right tci remit in the court below cannot be questioned: it is every day's practice sustained by the gravest precedents. And the right extends,' not only to the ámóunt of damages, but to several causes of aption, distinct debts, distinct acres of land, and distinct pleas. Cro. Jac. 146; Hob. 178; Raym. 395 ; 3 D. & E. 659. And' the right is recognised as existing after error brought, and while the cause is depending in the court above,1 and the court of error . will suspend its judgment to give time for the defendant in error to amend in the court below. 3 D. &f E. 349. 659. 749, &c.
But the difficulty consists in this, that the writ.of' eiror here does not . bring up the original record, but only a transcript, as in the case oferror to the house of lords. In error to the king's bench,,that court will permit a remittitur,.. .Because it gets.possession Of the record.(3 D. & E. 349.); but in.error to the house ,of. lords it is otherwise, and the entry must be made below for the reason assigned. 3 D. & E, 659..
After, such amendment made in our circuit courts, the party.would have to avail himself of it by suggesting diminution, and bringing up,the amended record, by certiorari.
This Court therefore thinks itself authorised to make a. precedent in furtherance of justice, whereby a more convenient practice shall be introduced. And to allow the party; to «enter his remittitur Here; but on payment'of the costs, if the writ oferror is prosecuted, no farther after such amendment made.
Siich seems to.be the rule in the British courts, (Barnes, 17,) and we think, it reasonable.
The defendants here .will be permitted to enter the re-mittitur, and upon such entry the judgment will be affirmed, without costs in.errdr;
This cause came on to be heard on a transcript of the re7 cOrd from the circuit court of the United States for the district of Kentucky, and'was argued by counsel; on consideration whereof, it appearing to this Court that the judgment of the said circuit court is for a larger sum than that claimed and-counted upon in the declaration in said cause in said, courts the said defendants in error filed here in open court a remittitur in the.following words, to wit:
; " Supreme Court of the United States of January term,' in the year ,of "our lord eighteen: hundred and twenty-nine. Be it remembered,'that .on the trial of this cause before the Supreme Court of the United States on a writ of error to the circuit court of the United Siates .for the district of Kentucky, on the fourteenth day of February in the year aforesaid, it appeared that one of the sixty-eight bills upon which the. declaration purported to count severally, to wit, a bill for the amount of fifty dollars, had been omitted in said declaration ; the declaration tpaking out a less sum, and one debt less in number, than the writ claimed or the judgment gave. And. hereupon the said John Ashley and John Ella, Junior,'defendants in error, by Daniel J. Caswell their attorney and counsel in this Court, freely here in court remit to the said president and directors of the Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, plaintiffs in. error p.s aforesaid in this cause, as well the said debt of fifty dollars so omitted as aforesaid, the residue of the debt aforesaid, together with interest-on'the said fifty dollars at the rate of six per centum per annum from the twenty-second day of September in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred arid twenty-five, as also damages pro tanto. As witness our hands this fourteenth day of February in the year of our lord eighteen hundred and twenty-nine. John Ashley and John Ella, Junior, by Daniel J. Caswell, their attorney and counsel in this Court."
Whereupon it is Considered, ordered and adjudged by this Court, that-the judgment of the said circuit court in this Cause be; and the samé 'is hereby affirmed without costs, deducting, from the said judgment of the said circuit court, the amount so.deducted as aforesaid.