Simplify the following text for a Grade 6 native English-speaking person.
Original: Alexis Carrel ( June 28 , 1873 -- November 5 , 1944 ) was a French surgeon , biologist and eugenicist , who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1912 .
Simplified: Alexis Carrel ( June 28 , 1873 - November 5 , 1944 ) was a French surgeon .