Solvents and derivatives are products characterized by cyclicality in pricing.
The principal raw materials used in solvents and derivatives products are acetic acid, various alcohols, methanol, ethylene and ammonia.
We purchase ethylene from a variety of sources.
Sales from solvents and derivatives products amounted to 11%, 10% and 12% of our consolidated net sales for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  ?
Facilities Acetyl Intermediates has production sites in the United States, China, Mexico, Singapore, Spain, France and Germany.
As of December 31, 2009, acetic acid and VAM production at our Pardies, France location had ceased.
In addition, our Cangrejera, Mexico site no longer produced VAM as of December 31, 2009.
Over the last few years, we have continued to shift our production capacity to lower cost production facilities while expanding in growth regions, such as China.  ?
Geographic Regions The following table illustrates net sales by destination of the Acetyl Intermediates segment by geographic region.
Net Sales to External Customers by Destination — Acetyl Intermediates
## Table 0 ##
(1) Excludes inter-segment sales of $400 million, $383 million and $676 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.  ?
Customers Acetyl Intermediates markets its products both directly to customers and through distributors.
Acetic acid, VAM and acetic anhydride are global businesses which have several large customers.
Generally, we supply these global customers under multi-year contracts.
The customers of acetic acid, VAM and acetic anhydride produce polymers used in water-based paints, adhesives, paper coatings, polyesters, film modifiers, pharmaceuticals, cellulose acetate and textiles.
We have long-standing relationships with most of these customers.
Solvents and derivatives are sold to a diverse group of regional and multinational customers both under multi-year contracts and on the basis of long-standing relationships.
The customers of solvents and derivatives are primarily engaged in the production of paints, coatings and adhesives.
We manufacture formaldehyde for our own use as well as for sale to a few regional customers that include manufacturers in the wood products and chemical derivatives industries.
The sale of formaldehyde is based on both long and short-term agreements.
Specialty solvents are sold globally to a wide variety of customers, primarily in the coatings and resins and the specialty products industries.
These products serve global regions in the synthetic lubricant, agrochemical, rubber processing and other specialty chemical areas.
Performance Polymers facility, net insurance proceeds received in 2010 and increases in sales volumes and prices.
These increases were offset by the 2009 gain on disposition of assets related to the divestiture of our PVOH business and higher raw material costs in both our EVA Performance Polymers and Emulsions businesses.
In 2011 we expect to see positive industry conditions with volume demands continuing to increase from those levels experienced in 2010.
We also anticipate margin expansion due to a robust pricing environment and higher margins on new products.
Acetyl Intermediates
## Table 1 ##
Our Acetyl Intermediates segment produces and supplies acetyl products, including acetic acid, VAM, acetic anhydride and acetate esters.
These products are generally used as starting materials for colorants, paints, adhesives, coatings, textiles, medicines and more.
Other chemicals produced in this business segment are organic solvents and intermediates for pharmaceutical, agricultural and chemical products.
To meet the growing demand for acetic acid in China and to support ongoing site optimization efforts, we successfully expanded our acetic acid unit in Nanjing, China from 600,000 tons per reactor annually to 1.2 million tons per reactor annually during the fourth quarter of 2009.
Using new AOPlus?2 capability, the acetic acid unit could be further expanded to 1.5 million tons per reactor annually with only modest additional capital.
Acetyl Intermediates’ net sales increased $479 million during the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009 due to improvement in the global economy resulting in increased overall demand across all regions for the major acetyl derivative product lines.
Increases in volume were also a direct result of our successful acetic acid expansion at our Nanjing, China plant.
We also experienced favorable pricing which was driven by rising raw material costs and price increases in acetic acid and VAM across all regions.
The increase in net sales was only slightly offset by unfavorable foreign currency impacts.
Operating profit increased during the year ended December 31, 2010 compared to the same period in 2009.
The increase in operating profit is primarily due to higher volumes and prices and reduction in plant costs resulting from the closure of our less advantaged acetic acid and VAM production operations in Pardies, France.
A decrease in other charges, due primarily to the reduction of plant closure costs related to the 2009 closure of our Pardies, France facility, also had a favorable impact on operating profit.
These increases to operating profit were only slightly offset by higher variable costs and unfavorable foreign currency impacts.
Higher variable costs were a direct result of price increases in all major raw materials.
Depreciation and amortization includes $20 million of accelerated amortization for the year ended December 31, 2010 to write-off the asset associated with a raw material purchase agreement with a supplier who filed for bankruptcy during 2009.
Table of Contents 84 4.
Acquisitions, Dispositions and Plant Closures Acquisitions ?
SO.
F. TER.
S. p. A.
On December 1, 2016, the Company acquired 100% of the stock of the Forli, Italy based SO.
F. TER.
S. p. A.
("SOFTER"), a leading thermoplastic compounder.
The acquisition of SOFTER increases the Company's global engineered materials product platforms, extends the operational model, technical and industry solutions capabilities and expands project pipelines.
The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination and the acquired operations are included in the Advanced Engineered Materials segment.
Pro forma financial information since the respective acquisition date has not been provided as the acquisition did not have a material impact on the Company's financial information.
The Company allocated the purchase price of the acquisition to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated fair values as of the acquisition date.
The excess of the purchase price over the aggregate fair values was recorded as goodwill (Note 2 and Note 11).
The Company calculated the fair value of the assets acquired using the income, market, or cost approach (or a combination thereof).
Fair values were determined based on Level 3 inputs (Note 2) including estimated future cash flows, discount rates, royalty rates, growth rates, sales projections, retention rates and terminal values, all of which require significant management judgment and are susceptible to change.
The purchase price allocation is based upon preliminary information and is subject to change if additional information about the facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date becomes available.
The final fair value of the net assets acquired may result in adjustments to the assets and liabilities, including goodwill.
However, any subsequent measurement period adjustments are not expected to have a material impact on the Company's results of operations.
The preliminary purchase price allocation for the SOFTER acquisition is as follows:
## Table 2 ##
(1) Goodwill consists of expected revenue and operating synergies resulting from the acquisition.
None of the goodwill is deductible for income tax purposes.
(2) Includes a $23 million indemnity receivable for uncertain tax positions related to the acquisition.
Transaction related costs of $3 million were expensed as incurred to Selling, general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of operations.
The amount of pro forma Net earnings (loss) of SOFTER included in the Company's consolidated statement of operations was approximately 2% (unaudited) of its consolidated Net earnings (loss) had the acquisition occurred as of the beginning of 2016.
The amount of SOFTER Net earnings (loss) consolidated by the Company since the acquisition date was not material.

<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="9"> Year Ended December 31,</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="3"> 2010</td><td colspan="3"> 2009</td><td colspan="3"> 2008</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"></td><td> % of </td><td colspan="2"></td><td> % of </td><td colspan="2"></td><td> % of </td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> $</td><td> Segment</td><td colspan="2"> $</td><td> Segment</td><td colspan="2"> $</td><td> Segment</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="9"> (In millions, except percentages)</td></tr><tr><td>North America</td><td>654</td><td></td><td>24</td><td>501</td><td></td><td>22</td><td>743</td><td></td><td>23</td></tr><tr><td>Europe and Africa</td><td>897</td><td></td><td>34</td><td>771</td><td></td><td>35</td><td>1,198</td><td></td><td>37</td></tr><tr><td>Asia-Pacific</td><td>1,046</td><td></td><td>39</td><td>884</td><td></td><td>40</td><td>1,142</td><td></td><td>36</td></tr><tr><td>South America</td><td>85</td><td></td><td>3</td><td>64</td><td></td><td>3</td><td>116</td><td></td><td>4</td></tr><tr><td>Total</td><td>2,682</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td></td><td>2,220</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td></td><td>3,199</td><td><sup>-1</sup></td><td></td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td colspan="2"> Year Ended December 31,</td><td> Change </td></tr><tr><td></td><td> 2010</td><td> 2009  As Adjusted</td><td> in $</td></tr><tr><td></td><td colspan="3"> (In $ millions, except percentages)</td></tr><tr><td>Net sales</td><td>3,082</td><td>2,603</td><td>479</td></tr><tr><td>Net sales variance</td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>Volume</i></td><td>10%</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>Price</i></td><td>10%</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>Currency</i></td><td>-2%</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td><i>Other</i></td><td>-%</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Operating profit</td><td>243</td><td>92</td><td>151</td></tr><tr><td>Operating margin</td><td>7.9%</td><td>3.5%</td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Other (charges) gains, net</td><td>-12</td><td>-91</td><td>79</td></tr><tr><td>Equity in net earnings (loss) of affiliates</td><td>5</td><td>5</td><td>-</td></tr><tr><td>Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before tax</td><td>252</td><td>102</td><td>150</td></tr><tr><td>Depreciation and amortization</td><td>117</td><td>123</td><td>-6</td></tr></table>
<table><tr><td></td><td>As ofDecember 1, 2016 (In $ millions)</td></tr><tr><td>Cash and cash equivalents</td><td>11</td></tr><tr><td>Trade receivables - third party and affiliates</td><td>53</td></tr><tr><td>Inventories</td><td>58</td></tr><tr><td>Property, plant and equipment, net</td><td>68</td></tr><tr><td>Intangible assets (Note 11)</td><td>79</td></tr><tr><td>Goodwill (Note 11)<sup>(1)</sup></td><td>106</td></tr><tr><td>Other assets<sup>-2</sup></td><td>33</td></tr><tr><td>Total fair value of assets acquired</td><td>408</td></tr><tr><td>Trade payables - third party and affiliates</td><td>-41</td></tr><tr><td>Total debt (Note 14)</td><td>-103</td></tr><tr><td>Deferred income taxes</td><td>-30</td></tr><tr><td>Other liabilities</td><td>-45</td></tr><tr><td>Total fair value of liabilities assumed</td><td>-219</td></tr><tr><td>Net assets acquired</td><td>189</td></tr></table>

Question: What was the average value of the Europe and Africa and Asia-Pacific in the years where North America is positive? (in million)
Answer: 1170