yashsingh1/xdaforums huggingface dataset:
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Yes I did. Several times.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Ok. So i have checked my imei at xiaomi verification site and it says its A2 global version. I guess next step is a factory reset?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
I have just performed a factory reset and there is still no OTA update. Next thing I will try to install the ROM from xiaomi website. http://en.miui.com/download-353.html

Is there anything else I can do if this doesn't work? Thanks guys.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Daha3ker:
Do you have an unlocked bootloader?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
No I do not sir . Googling up how to get it done.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
So I have tried to flash the rooms version 9 and 10 without any success. It keeps saying device mismatch. I get a config error when using the miflash tool as well. I have installed adb and unlocked my phone too. What the hell is wrong?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] AsItLies:
Kind of a silly question but...

Where did u get your IMEI from? The box it came in? Or what the phone itself reports it to be?

If it is from the phone, I'd call Xiaomi support and ask why you aren't getting the updates you know others A2 owners are getting.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
I got it from the phone itself (not the box) and I did not buy it from the local Xiaomi store hence the reluctance to contact the local support staff.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Benjamin_L:
I got wrong device with the flash_all fastboot script also once. The next time I started fastboot and tried again it just worked. Do you have fastboot at your disposal?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Yes I do. I did it several times and kept getting the same errors.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Benjamin_L:
What does

fastboot %* getvar product 2>&1

output?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Please see the flash details below. Please help me. :(

C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1>if 2 GTR 2 (

echo current device antirollback version is greater than this package

exit /B 1

)

C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1>fastboot flash bluetooth_a C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1\images\bluetooth.img ||

target reported max download size of 536870912 bytes

sending 'bluetooth_a' (524 KB)...

OKAY [ 0.016s]

writing 'bluetooth_a'...

OKAY [ -0.000s]

finished. total time: 0.017s

C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1>fastboot flash bluetooth_b C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1\images\bluetooth.img ||

target reported max download size of 536870912 bytes

sending 'bluetooth_b' (524 KB)...

OKAY [ 0.013s]

writing 'bluetooth_b'...

OKAY [ -0.000s]

finished. total time: 0.013s

C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1>fastboot flash devcfg_a C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1\images\devcfg.img ||

target reported max download size of 536870912 bytes

sending 'devcfg_a' (47 KB)...

OKAY [ 0.021s]

writing 'devcfg_a'...

FAILED (remote: Flashing is not allowed for Critical Partitions

)

finished. total time: 0.025s

"Flash devcfg_a error"

PS C:\adb\jasmine_global_images_V9.6.9.0.ODIMIFE_8.1>
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Benjamin_L:
This is just because you didn't unlock the critical partitions . You need to run fastboot flashing unlock_critical before flashing the rom.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
You are a lifesaver. I thought I bricked my phone just now. But eventually I was able to update my phone using fastboot and miflash after unlocking the critical partition as per ur command lines. However, yet to see if my OTA will come in for future updates. When I was on 9 version I checked and it still wasn't there. So i flashed the 10 version as well. Thank you very much. .
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Ulver:
I'm thinking Xiaomi pulled all OTA updates when they pulled the September one.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] hugopg:
Have you tried to sideload the OTAS?

I suggest doing over ADB

Like this: https://www.theandroidsoul.com/how-to-install-ota-updates-manually-using-recovery-and-adb-sideload/
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Daha3ker:
If you enter edl mode you can bypass the mismatch check. or if you run the revert to stock option in the a2 toolkit it also bypasses the check.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
I did try. But somehow I was unable to enter recovery mode using the up volume + power button. Recovery mode is not usable after unlocking the phone?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] hugopg:
Well, it is... I just did with my unlocked phone. An android appears and there is 'no command' showing on the screen. Maybe use recovery throught ADB? 'adb reboot recovery'
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Thank you. I will use this as a last option if indeed I found that my camera is bad.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
I finally looked at a local forum regarding the OTA updates. Apparently nobody is getting OTA updates in Singapore because the phone is not officially launched here. This problem was prevalent since MI A1 and Xiaomi mentioned that they need all the local telcos to approve the OTAS before releasing updates which is totally not happening. :(
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Aftab_khatri:
Use VPN next time to get otas.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
I thought the same and I did try but that didn't work. Apparently the solution is to install a foreign SIM card.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Aftab_khatri:
Remove sim use wifi + vpn
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Just tried this. Didn't work. But thanks.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Aftab_khatri:
Remove sim . change country in settings. use wifi + vpn use Europe country
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Ulver:
I don't think so. I'm in the US and I've received 2 OTA updates on my Mi A2. It seems like Xiaomi pulled the OTA updates recently, that's why no one is getting them.
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Menace66:
Solution confirmed

So I downgraded from latest to previous version and popped in a Dutch SIM card. Went and checked for updates and latest one came up. Finally solved and solution confirmed!!
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] chubschubs:
Hi, I have the same problem, how do you downgraded from latest version, also I have foreign sim card. I am from UAE and Mi A2 is officially lunch here but I still have June Security patch,

Can you help me with step by step procedure

Many thanks
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Contaktus:
Same problem in Russia. Saw a mention of Xiaomi turning updates back on on some site dated 10.11 (today).
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] chubschubs:
Sir, what do you mean by Xiaomi turning updates back on some site? you mean that Xiaomi is now re-releasing the updates to phone. Do they stop pushing the updates for sometime? But I have Mi A2 lite and I have received November patch 2 days ago
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] matheusgoes:
Same problem in Brazil.

Any solution not involving a SIM from another country ?
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Selwynali:
I think I found the solution

Guys I think I found the solution

I have also same problem, and the internet connection I use is my GSM SIM and home WiFi. For several days I cannot get the update.

But today I try to use another provider. I have another internet connection at home and it is connected to my pc using lan cable. So I activate my PC hot spot and bingo! My mia2 now can detect the update. It is downloading now

So I think you guys can try to use another provider then the one u usually use.

Try to use internet at mall or Cafe to trigger the update

I don't know why but this solve my problem

Hope this Will help
[Xiaomi Mi A2 / 6X Questions & Answers] Palex69:
The PC SUITE stills wanting update of device and I’m on 9.0
[Android Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] MariosPlen:
I am using a Xiaomi Mi A1 with Android 8.1.0 and August 5, 2018 security patch.

So I wanted to use my sd card as internal storage but for some reason when I choose to migrate my data to the sd card instead of moving them to the sd card they where both on the Internal shared storage and the sd card. Basically I had 24 gb of internal storage and an empty sd card and when I choose to move the data it said that it can move 15 gb and when it successfully finished I had 24 gb of Internal shared storage and 15 gb on my sd card so I ended up having 15 gb more
[General Questions and Answers] 6FireStone:
Hi,

I need Marshmallow upgrade for acer z630s (Present Version 5.1:Acer_AV0L0_T04_1RV01RC07_IND_GEN1)

help to official upgrade install.

Thank you...
[Xiaomi Mi Mix 2 Questions & Answers] frosty234:
Hi guys,

So I'm a proud owner of a Mi Mix 2 128 GB now after I was a little disappointed by the LG G6 coming from a Redmi 4 Prime before.

I haven't used the phone much for now but alone from aesthetics I think it's hard to beat the beauty the Mix 2 delivers. Probably Mix 2s can but that's over my budget.

Currently I'm waiting the last 2 hours of 72 for the bootloader unlock looking to flash xiaomi.eu MIUI 10 Rom. Is that a good choice?

Mainly I'm looking for the features above mentioned:

Touble Tap 2 Lock [ as double tap 2 wake is already implemented I thought maybe there's an option for that too?]

Hold back 2 kill [ I had that option at my Redmi 4 and I really don't want to miss it! I'm using the new gesture actions instead of buttons though so I'm not sure if those two can work together? ]

Furthermore - as I've bought the phone second hand - I'd like to know if it's normal that the phone speaker (I mean the one on the very top which you use to make phone calls, don't know how that is called) also delivers sound when listening to music or anything else on the regular speaker at the bottom/downside. There is coming some quiet noise out of the phone speaker at my unit. Just wondering if it's defective or normal. Phone looks very good, no scratches or anything so I think the previous owner handled it quite with care.

Thanks in advance!

Kind regards

frosty
[Xiaomi Mi Mix 2 Questions & Answers] merlin21:
I'm thinking about buying this phone too.

As much as i could say it's a feature and totally normal, that you hear sound out of the upper speaker. It's imitating a stereo sound as thought by xiaomi.
[Xiaomi Mi Mix 2 Questions & Answers] Rohn59:
Yes I own a MI Mix 2 and this is normal, you can check this out in the official specs.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
Placeholder
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
Holding
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] SPOCK_VULKAN:
Great job ! A good idea for us
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] bidouille1:
Thanks a lot.

I finally could install miui.eu.

Unfortunately i flash magisk but it doesn't root my phone.

Two questions:

First do i just have to flash magisk and dm verity after?

Then for flash another rom do i have to do all the steps again?

Adeline

Envoyé de mon ONEPLUS A3003 en utilisant Tapatalk
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
Yes, you have to flash dm verity after magisk. After you are booted, if magisk is installed did you try to update magisk from the app? It worked on global ROM for me.

I would forward all steps again, but up to you. If you report back a shorter method that works j can modify instructions.

I am also working on a fix for the Chinese region that keeps coming back with reboot. I know what needs done, and have fixed mine, i just need to modify the region fix zip.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] bidouille1:
I flash again magisk and it works.

Thanks for all

Envoyé de mon MI 8 en utilisant Tapatalk
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Freeje:
Thanks for this as it really saves time reading bits of information. I took time to change the ROM as I didn't want to brick my phone. Some knowledgeable people on here will even be annoyed if you ask for clarifications and tell you to read! I basically followed most of the steps mentioned.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] johnny1836:
Hi,

Can I relock bootloader after change from chinese to global version?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] HugoYe:
Unfortunately, Xiaomi made a stupid rule, which is that you can't lock global roms with chinese phones. Starting with Mi 8.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] mad_presley:
Is this goin to work for phones already unlocked by seller account? Is it possible to use my account after this procedure?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] johnny1836:
[MENTION=9440004]HugoYe[/MENTION]

I thought it is solution for lock after flash CN -> Global.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] HugoYe:
[MENTION=7184295]johnny1836[/MENTION]

What do you exactly mean by fixing the problem. I'm still trying to find a solution for this. Keeping the BL open is really bothering me, as I am using the Official Global rom.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] ricksmad:
Any trick to not wait 720 hours for unlock?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
Flashing the Developer Chinese ROM took my wait down to 340 hours while i was locked.......
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] ricksmad:
Do you have a link? Thanks
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
I just used the official Chinese ROM link, back then it was miui10 8.8.30 and let the updater in the phone do it.

here is the official CHINESE DEVELOPER BETA of Miui10 8.8.31-->http://bigota.d.miui.com/8.8.31/miui_MI8_8.8.31_b99e4f5263_8.1.zip
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] ricksmad:
http://bigota.d.miui.com/8.9.6/miui_MI8_8.9.6_2e668ca434_9.0.zip

This one?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
no, that is a 9.0 beta, i wouldn't touch that one right now. I edited my post above with 8.8.31 ---still 8.1 based.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] SPOCK_VULKAN:
[MENTION=2158849]Agimax[/MENTION] So with your step I can't lock Chinese mi8 variant with global stable or dev rom ?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
I haven't tried to lock a global on a Chinese yet -I'm gun shy. In theory, you should be able to flash back to a Chinese ROM on a Chinese phone and Lock back after trying a Global ROM, however -Locking a Global ROM on a Chinese phone is bricking according to every thread i've seen. Also official MIUI site states it isn't allowed and will brick your device. I'm wondering if we trick the Global ROM into thinking it's Chinese version before locking -what would happen? But unfortunately i dont have an EDL account, so as i stated i'm gun shy to try.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] SPOCK_VULKAN:
Thanks for reply ?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] gugugrp:
I can flash China ROM and lock the bootloader, then try unlocking again without any problems.

Has anyone tried this?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] SPOCK_VULKAN:
If you have China variant it's safe. But for global version it will break your phone
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] adibeckett:
I'm only considering this phone but why is it necessary to relock the boot loader? Is this only necessary if you want miui Roms and not say lineage and android stock Roms?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Kimins:
Relock is necessary if you want Google Pay and similar services to work. All ROMs will work on unlocked BL.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] adige3584:
chinese product mi8

is region fix necessary for miui eu rom?

chinese product mi8
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Gruchi:
If I bought Chinese version xiaomi mi8 on AliExpress unlocked with global ROM and I want flash Miui Poland I need to do all steps like in tutorial without unlock ?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Hazem ismael:
So after trying global room how to go back to Chinese?

Should I flashed it through twrp only or there are any files should I flashed with?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] NemanjaS23:
do I need to flash DM verity and region fix on my MI8 Lite, if I want to switch from Chinese Stable to Xiaomi.eu?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] danfox12:
Updating to the latest version after installing

I installed "miui_MI8Global_8.9.7_8.1" successfully with the instructions here. I have problems to update to latest version by the phone settings>update:

After Installing and press reboot - the phone is stuck on the Mi logon screen, and and then goes to TWRP recovery screen.

Any suggestion how to update to new versions using settings>update without problems? Maybe I should remove TWRP recovery and put the stock recovery to be able to update?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
In order to use the official built-in updater, you must be 100% stock. Bootloader can be unlocked, but everything else must be original, unmodified stock. Why not just download the full .zip package of the ROM you want, reboot to the TWRP recover and flash? That's the advantage of unlocking the bootloader and using TWRP.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] kvthanh1908:
why i have to flash recovery.img again? I skipped that step and everything just fine.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
After flashing a factory stock ROM they include the stock recovery partition and so it overwrites the TWRP recovery.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] ShocWave:
I was hoping to convert my Chinese rom to the official Global for my parents to use.

But once I do that, I can no longer perform OTA updates?

Does Xiaomi.eu roms have OTA updates?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] mrjayviper:
what's the purpose of the DM verity zip? thanks
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
I don't use Xiaomi.eu Multi Custom ROM, so i have no idea... Don't confuse the Custom Multi .EU ROM with Stock GLOBAL (you refer to them both in your post above). I only use official GLOBAL (Mostly the weekly beta). And yes, you can use the factory updater in GLOBAL ROM as long as you are only unlocked bootloader and keep the stock recovery. No other modifications. If you ever want something else, you can just boot a TWRP image from fastboot mode.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
DM verity zip removes the 'DM Verity' check that looks for modifications to the boot partitions (D-device M-mapper). You cannot boot with modifications (like root) without disabling the verity check. Also, if you are on a stock ROM, your custom recovery image file will be overwritten with stock upon reboot if you don't disable DM Verity. Hope this helps you understand more.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] eugentutu:
Hello...any idea to switch from chinese to global without twrp? I want ota stable updates
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
Just unlock bootloader, install TWRP, boot to TWRP to format data, flash the global ROM zip and reboot.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] mrjayviper:
I just want to flash a custom ROM (xiaomi.eu or LOS or etc) without rooting the device. Do I still need to flash dmverity? Thanks
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] ShocWave:
Yes, I referred to two different ROMs in my post, because I was afraid the Global rom wouldn't work with updates, so I was thinking of trying the Xiaomi EU custom rom.

So basically, in order to use updates, I need to unlock the bootloader but not flash TWRP.

Can this be done with Mi Flash?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] eugentutu:
Hello...without twrp...
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Agimax:
TWRP will be overwritten with the factory on flashing. It will allow the stock updater to work.

If you don't want to use TWRP, flash from fastboot.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] jmoportugal:
Do you need to do all this steps also to install the xiaomi.eu ROM?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Rmmlschbsr:
Region Fix fail

Hey, Thx for the work!

The region fix in first Post seems to be corrupted when extracting. :cowboy:

C: \ MIUI_region_fix.zip: Checksum error of file C: \ MIUI_region_fix \ cust \ cust_variant. The file is damaged.

C: \ MIUI_region_fix.zip: The archive is corrupt.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Sakub:
Hello,

I have a Chinese Mi 8 updated to the latest Chinese PIE stable ROM. Unlocked bootloader after waiting for 360 hours. Do I still follow the same procedure? I mean are the files like region fix and all still relevant? Thank you so much for the guide!
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] tahsan008:
Playstore apps icons not showing

After installing rom, everything is fine just playstore apps icons are not loading. Restarted phone, clewred cache of playstore, did every possible steps! No result. Can anyone help?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] menriquez:
First, thanks for this outstanding guide and the time and effort the OP has put into it...great work!

So ok...I got the Chinese variant and was tired of seeing the default playstore be unreadable to me and all the other chinese bloat apps that are loaded into the stock MIUI ROM, so I finally got the bootloader unlocked today and am looking forward to some Global or .EU goodness.

I've got the 4 files downloaded and on my computer...my problem is transferring them to the device after FASTBOOT BOOT RECOVERY.IMG.

I successfully boot the phone into TWRP and the guide tells me that I should be able to see the phones Internal Storage and write the Disable_DM-Verity and MIUI_region_fix and selected ROM files to that area.

So I *can* see the MI8\Internal Storage area from my computer, I am unable to really write to it (it kind of just hangs there), and since i don't have a SD card, I was wondering if there was any trick I'm missing or another way (like adb sideload perhaps?) to get the files to the phone and loaded?

I mean I suppose going to buy a small MicroSD card isn't a big deal, id rather not to be honest so this is why I am asking the questions...thank you for your time.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] menriquez:
FIXED - didn't do the Wipe | Format step that the original guide told me I had to, so sorry nothing to see here...
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] winter-X:
Thanks for the hard work in preparing such a useful guide.

Everything went well except my phone is encrypted, so I could not transfer files from my computer into the internal storage when in TWRP mode.

I did some research and found out that, I have to wipe data first, reboot to fastboot (in TWRP). Boot into TWRP again using DOS shell prompt.

In this way, your phone will not be encrypted, allowing file transfer and flash from TWRP.

I believe OP did not face this problem because he already flash DM Verity disabler file before.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] emprazol:
After convert to global lte is not working

I think i have to flash chinese modem
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] wboyu:
AGIMAX, I WOULD LIKE TO SAY A BIG THANKS TO YOU!

SPENT COUNTLESS HOURS GOING THROUGH XDA AND MIUI FORUM, FINALLY WORKED!

CHINA MI 8 PHONE + GLOBAL STABLE ROM + MAGISK ROOT (all safetynet passed):D
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] jmoportugal:
I followed all the steps and it worked without problems, thanks for the tutorial.
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] BehradGH:
I'm from iran too , i'm on my 15 wait days right now . Did you manage how to fix lte?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] jmoportugal:
Received an OTA update and now the phone always goes to the bootloader, do we have to always flash the FIX files?
[Xiaomi Mi 8 Questions & Answers] Fraot:
Chinese Mi 8 with Global ROM

Quite a handful of questions incoming...

My Mi 8 is Chinese and came with Global ROM installed. It has already received the latest update MIUI 10.2.2.0. I think the seller did part of the job already but... How do I know if that person flashed the region fix?

I want to flash EU ROM and test it out, people say it's amazing. However I don't want to brick it nor any bootloops.

I just have to flash the ROM? Btw, when I choose the backup option in the Chinese (but translated to English) TWRP it has tons of partitions to backup! I thought it was only System, Cache, Data, Internal Storage, SD card (external storage) and like one or two more, not 20! What should I backup? Should I backup only internal storage and data so I can use MiFlash to flash the ROM and then restore those two partitions?

Thanks in advance and sorry for so many questions. :)