[Fire HD 8 and HD 10 General] bibikalka:
Useful tips & information:

How to install Xposed & Flashfire for easy backups and ROM updates

Follow this post by [MENTION=3497316]retyre[/MENTION] (and thank him!!!): link

Note: With stock FlashFire versions, the latest Flashfire version you can use is v0.24 (see the attached v0.24 apk, it needs the date patch which requires Xposed installed). Alternatively, it is possible to replace a library in Flashfire v0.51, and make v0.51 work:

link1

link2

link3

For convenience, I've done this procedure to the free FlashFire v.51 version using free apktool, and attached the file below (the signature will not match with the original FlashFire signed by [MENTION=631273]Chainfire[/MENTION], so you will need to uninstall other FlashFire packages before installing this one!)

With v0.51, uncheck two options (as per link2):

1) Emulate framebuffer in Settings

2) Mount /system read/write (after you choose the update file).

If you don't do 2), Flashfire v.51 will just sit there and never do anything

How to enable Amazon packages (apk) updates but prevent the ROM updates (keeping root & rootable rom).

1) Edit /system/build.prop and change ro.build.version.number to have "9" as the first value instead of "5", as recommended in this link

2) Reboot

3) Enable OTA by ensuring that /system/priv-app/DeviceSoftwareOTA/DeviceSoftwareOTA.apk is renamed back to apk from apk_

4) Reboot

At this point the Fire will download a lot of apk packages, and will update Amazon system components (keeping FireOS version the same).

Partition trivia:

Partition info (gdisk binary) :

root@suez:/ # df
df
Filesystem Size Used Free Blksize
/dev 907.7M 80.0K 907.6M 4096
/dev/logd 512.0K 96.0K 416.0K 4096
/sys/fs/cgroup 907.7M 12.0K 907.7M 4096
/mnt/asec 907.7M 0.0K 907.7M 4096
/mnt/obb 907.7M 0.0K 907.7M 4096
/system 1.5G 1.2G 317.9M 4096
/data 26.5G 1.1G 25.4G 4096
/data/metrics 5.8M 232.0K 5.6M 4096
/cache 410.7M 14.9M 395.8M 4096
/mnt/sqfs 79.8M 79.8M 0.0K 32768
/mnt/cd-rom 1.2M 1.2M 0.0K 2048
/mnt/shell/emulated 26.5G 1.1G 25.4G 4096
/storage/emulated 907.7M 0.0K 907.7M 4096
/storage/emulated/0 26.5G 1.1G 25.4G 4096
/storage/emulated/0/Android/obb 26.5G 1.1G 25.4G 4096
/storage/emulated/legacy 26.5G 1.1G 25.4G 4096
/storage/emulated/legacy/Android/obb 26.5G 1.1G 25.4G 4096

root@suez:/data/local/tmp # ./gdisk -l /dev/block/mmcblk0
./gdisk -l /dev/block/mmcblk0
GPT fdisk (gdisk) version 0.8.4

Partition table scan:
MBR: protective
BSD: not present
APM: not present
GPT: present

Found valid GPT with protective MBR; using GPT.
Disk /dev/block/mmcblk0: 61071360 sectors, 29.1 GiB
Logical sector size: 512 bytes
Disk identifier (GUID): B1541C10-343E-474B-B5B2-05796C64E992
Partition table holds up to 128 entries
First usable sector is 34, last usable sector is 61071326
Partitions will be aligned on 1024-sector boundaries
Total free space is 990 sectors (495.0 KiB)

Number Start (sector) End (sector) Size Code Name
1 1024 7167 3.0 MiB 8300 proinfo
2 7168 16383 4.5 MiB 8300 PMT
3 16384 18431 1024.0 KiB 8300 kb
4 18432 20479 1024.0 KiB 8300 dkb
5 20480 22527 1024.0 KiB 8300 lk
6 22528 32767 5.0 MiB 8300 tee1
7 32768 43007 5.0 MiB 8300 tee2
8 43008 123903 39.5 MiB 8300 metadata
9 123904 124927 512.0 KiB 8300 MISC
10 124928 141311 8.0 MiB 8300 reserved
11 141312 174079 16.0 MiB 8300 boot
12 174080 208895 17.0 MiB 8300 recovery
13 208896 3515391 1.6 GiB 8300 system
14 3515392 4383743 424.0 MiB 8300 cache
15 4383744 61071326 27.0 GiB 8300 userdata

root@suez:/ # cat /proc/partitions
cat /proc/partitions
major minor #blocks name

7 0 81664 loop0
7 1 1254 loop1
7 2 10240 loop2
179 0 30535680 mmcblk0
179 1 3072 mmcblk0p1
179 2 4608 mmcblk0p2
179 3 1024 mmcblk0p3
179 4 1024 mmcblk0p4
179 5 1024 mmcblk0p5
179 6 5120 mmcblk0p6
179 7 5120 mmcblk0p7
179 8 40448 mmcblk0p8
179 9 512 mmcblk0p9
179 10 8192 mmcblk0p10
179 11 16384 mmcblk0p11
179 12 17408 mmcblk0p12
179 13 1653248 mmcblk0p13
179 14 434176 mmcblk0p14
179 15 28343791 mmcblk0p15
179 96 4096 mmcblk0rpmb
179 64 4096 mmcblk0boot1
179 32 1024 mmcblk0boot0
179 33 2 mmcblk0boot0p1
179 34 2 mmcblk0boot0p2
179 35 256 mmcblk0boot0p3
179 36 747 mmcblk0boot0p4

root@suez:/ # ls -l /dev/block
ls -l /dev/block
brw------- root root 7, 0 2017-12-28 11:05 loop0
brw------- root root 7, 1 2017-12-28 11:05 loop1
brw------- root root 7, 2 2017-12-28 11:05 loop2
brw------- root root 7, 3 2017-12-28 11:05 loop3
brw------- root root 7, 4 2017-12-28 11:05 loop4
brw------- root root 7, 5 2017-12-28 11:05 loop5
brw------- root root 7, 6 2017-12-28 11:05 loop6
brw------- root root 7, 7 2017-12-28 11:05 loop7
brw-rw---- root system 179, 0 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0
brw-rw---- root system 179, 32 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0boot0
brw------- root root 179, 33 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0boot0p1
brw------- root root 179, 34 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0boot0p2
brw------- root root 179, 35 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0boot0p3
brw------- root root 179, 36 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0boot0p4
brw-rw---- root system 179, 64 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0boot1
brw------- root root 179, 1 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p1
brw------- root root 179, 10 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p10
brw------- root root 179, 11 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p11
brw------- root root 179, 12 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p12
brw------- root root 179, 13 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p13
brw------- root root 179, 14 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p14
brw------- root root 179, 15 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p15
brw------- root root 179, 2 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p2
brw------- root root 179, 3 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p3
brw------- root root 179, 4 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p4
brw------- root root 179, 5 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p5
brw------- root root 179, 6 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p6
brw------- root root 179, 7 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p7
brw------- root root 179, 8 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p8
brw------- root root 179, 9 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0p9
brw-rw---- root system 179, 96 2017-12-28 11:05 mmcblk0rpmb
drwxr-xr-x root root 2017-12-28 11:05 platform
drwx------ root root 2017-12-28 11:05 vold
brw------- root root 254, 0 2017-12-28 11:05 zram0

root@suez:/ # ls -l /dev/block/platform/mtk-msdc.0/by-name/
ls -l /dev/block/platform/mtk-msdc.0/by-name/
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 MISC -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p9
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 PMT -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p2
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 boot -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p11
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 boot0hdr0 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0boot0p1
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 boot0hdr1 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0boot0p2
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 boot0img0 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0boot0p3
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 boot0img1 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0boot0p4
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 cache -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p14
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 dkb -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p4
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 kb -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p3
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 lk -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p5
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 metadata -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p8
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 proinfo -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p1
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 recovery -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p12
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 reserved -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p10
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 system -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p13
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 tee1 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p6
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 tee2 -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p7
lrwxrwxrwx root root 2017-12-28 11:05 userdata -> /dev/block/mmcblk0p15

root@suez:/ # fdisk /dev/block/mmcblk0
fdisk /dev/block/mmcblk0

The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 3786.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help): p
p
Disk /dev/block/mmcblk0: 29 GB, 31268536320 bytes, 61071360 sectors
3786 cylinders, 256 heads, 63 sectors/track
Units: cylinders of 16128 * 512 = 8257536 bytes

Device Boot StartCHS EndCHS StartLBA EndLBA Sectors
Size Id Type
/dev/block/mmcblk0p1 0,0,2 1023,255,63 1 4294967295 4294967295 2047G ee EFI GPT