yashsingh1/xdaforums huggingface dataset:
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] XN Logos:
Guide Root cwm for Galaxy A7 2017 model SM-A720F-

Disclaimer-

Follow the steps correctly otherwise you may brick your device. We are not responsible for any damage to your phone.
It will erase all your data, so we advise you first to take a complete backup of your phone and then proceed.
Ensure that your phone has at least 50-60% charged to prevent the accidental shutdown in-between the process,

How to install twrp/cwm recovery-

Install via odin

How to Root-

Flash latest SuperSu.zip

Done,

Status-

working..

hit a thanks if this post helpful for you,

Downloads-

cwm Recovery only From Drive

Step by Step Guide and More information-

Link removed as pay per clicks not allowed
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] tys0n:
Suspicious istaller which gave some warning in avast but I extracted the whole thing and did find stock and cwm recovery in there, together with supersu, adb and Odin..

Unpacked the ramdisk in recovery.img (cwm) and can comfirm that they are for A5 / A7.

Don't know why title says A750 when it should be A720.

From default.prop in A7 cwm

# BOOTIMAGE_BUILD_PROPERTIES
#
ro.bootimage.build.date=Mon Dec 26 12:22:30 KST 2016
ro.bootimage.build.date.utc=1482722550
ro.bootimage.build.fingerprint=samsung/a7y17ltexx/a7y17lte:6.0.1/MMB29K/A720FXXU1APLJ:user/release-keys

Unfortunatly I can't test any of them since I'm sitting with a A3 (2016) ,but recovery.img's seem to be ok. Don't know about installer..
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] XN Logos:
i am also in trouble, you can contact with author

Here
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] tys0n:
Thanks, but I'm not in any trouble. I never installed anything.

Did you install it? What happened? Did you manage to flash recovery?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] mcvisster:
This is for a5, but the site is same

https://plus.google.com/+TechView1ON12015/posts/GKSSKP7x6nR
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] alnattah:
in YouTube Search (How to root A5 SM-A520F(2017) and Install CWM)

I can not put the link because im new Member
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] tys0n:
Here's the link

https://youtu.be/YtvJU9aDnHM Links to A320/A520/A720/CWM
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] redymedan:
That is not TWRP Recovery but CWM recovery, wrong title.. be carefully
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] fylim:
Can this be rooted without tripping Knox ?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] Greight:
So as it can be rooted, I suppose xposed will be fine here too. Can someone confirm this please?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] jourlys:
Not working Stuck at boot logo :(
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] angelman31:
I had galaxy a7 2017 sm-a270f A270FXXU1APLD

is that cwm recovery file can help me?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] baris841:
i got twrp working on my a7 partaly.

i got a twrp img for a galaxy a5 2017 and i got it working on my a7 2017 but you can only sideload the sdcard isn't working but it's a step up from what we have now. and if someone can make the recovery fully work please do it. i can't post the link it wont let me.
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] cardozclive:
Have you managed to get it working and root your device?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] jourlys:
I reflash stock 6.0.1 ROM. It cannot be root my phone. so sadly i just bought this A7 2017 last 1 week for this.
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] rexar051:
hi guys

i root my device. a720f and 6.0.1 android

just like the video do that things

when i flash CWM and into recovery when i select update from sdcard or extcard it type E:/cant mount

i have a 8Gb memory and its in my phone and from the setting and storage format it and copy supersu into it

and in recovery it good and no error and after flashing supersu after reboot my phone its rooted

hope i can help you guys

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7PAa61lz-cc

download file from video information
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] baris841:
Yes i did i installed xposed and supersu
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] cardozclive:
May I ask how?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] baris841:
I saw a video on how to port recoverys from a device with the same specs and i used an a5 2017 recovery and i got it to work on my a7 but the storage didn't work. i could only sideload but i could install any zip i wanted. :)

---------- Post added at 05:06 PM ---------- Previous post was at 05:05 PM ----------

i would send a link but i can't it wont let me ):

now i can post a link https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B7sgECjJKRuBWF96WUh2WFBWQU0
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] rexar051:
i install TWRP in that topic

and flash latest "Magisk" and root my device

and after rebbot update "Magisk Manager" from google play
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] Matveevich:
I have a720x Live demo unit. Please help me change firmware.
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] r7321731:
i have already wrote a root+xposed Instruction on another forum(in Chinese!

My English is pretty basic, plz don't mind

btw i cant put the link temporarily:crying:
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] Genesis_Reborn:
i'm wondering about it too..
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] Ngochoan:
Pls help

I installed cwm rec, but it looks different. And when I installed super su, 2 errors appear then aborted installing.

I have read an answer above, that we can format sdcard then copy su file in, then reflash. Do that work.?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] x1921:
Pls Help

im already install cwm and my phone already rooted

but i have a problem, my camera blank and my phone cant detect on PC or LAPTOP with cable data

someone can help me?

#sorryformybadenglish :( i need help
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] CristalClear:
this working on update via ota?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] IngoPan:
Is not working here;( I always get the android installing system upgrade and then a final "no command" - leaving me to regular recovery only;(

whats the take here?
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] neshwanalamery:
root a7 2017 6.0.1 on sdcard 8g memorey is method true

root a7 2017 6.0.1 on sdcard 8g memorey is method true
[Samsung Galaxy A3, A5, A7 (2017) Guides, News, & D] Sisouphanh:
Root a7 17
[Sony Tablet S] baraa_998:
Hi to all

Please i need your help my Sony Tablet P (SGPT211JP/S) not working after i was trying to updated with S.onyTablet.S [ALLinONE] v6.5 , now the screen show color pixel and no any response, i spend many days on internet to find solution but no result, please help me with this problem i found many links to download the original ROM but all of them are expire, please help me step by step Please Please Please Please Please Please Please Please Please.

many thanks
[Sony Tablet S] Aviv:
Hey, why don't you try the solution here and let me know if it works?

https://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=2096995&page=2
[LG K10 Questions & Answers] jm98:
please i need k430t systemui.apk

someone help me
[LG K10 Questions & Answers] gottlasz:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwyMOazoSp8Tbl85b2t3SzhaZTQ
[Tilt, TyTN II, MDA Vario III Windows Mobile ROM De] mp3news:
i have a 2 gb sd card which i plan to use as storage in my flashed tilt.

i formated it as fat32, but guess there is some problem doing that as my tilt has started giving me a critical alarm that there is very little space on the storage device - i have hardly used 50MB in the 2GB sd card being used as the storage !!

can someone advise me the file system (fat16 / fat32) to be used & its allocation unit size for use of the 2GB SD card in the tilt.

thank you
[Tilt, TyTN II, MDA Vario III Windows Mobile ROM De] Carlis:
I use FAT32. card standard allocation unit size.

Use 128mb,256mb,512mb mSD to flash with.

Carlis
[Tilt, TyTN II, MDA Vario III Windows Mobile ROM De] Quentin-:
FAT32

I use FAT32...see the 8GB link in my signature for a link to a thread that has a great app that specifically formats the SD card in a proper way.
[Tilt, TyTN II, MDA Vario III Windows Mobile ROM De] zcink:
FAT32 is much more efficient.
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] 10BIT:
Hello, I'm new to mi5.

I have installed TWRP and rooted, im on 8.1.2.0 global stable, how do i update to nougat based miui? Is it possible via flashing in TWRP?

Thank you, have a good day......
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] JJeamy:
Just download recovery rom.zip then go into twrp, wipe system/data/cache then flash it, you can download official global dev 7.1.19 recovery rom from here and else stable 8.1.9.0 (based 7.0) or beta (7.1.19/20) from xiaomi.eu here
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] zilan:
Is Nougat better than MM? How about camera quality Nougat compare to MM? And about battery life which is better? Can somebody give a review?
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] JJeamy:
Both of camera quality it's same..the difference just can't enabling raw support at 8.1.9.0 xiaomi.eu rom based 7.0, for battery life..still not as good like MM based rom, but for ram management in N better than MM based rom.
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] zilan:
Thanks for review miui N. Have you try cusrom based on N? Maybe lineageos 14.1, RR or others? How about camera quality on custom rom based nougat? Still same quality with miui or worse? Thx
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] JJeamy:
Already tried some cusrom like LOS and XOSP..but not yet RR..for camera quality i'm not too sure..but i think not too much different..it's slightly poor than miui (maybe)..but for raw shot that i tried..it's same as miui result..and about battery life..i can't much comment..coz i just try using each cusrom only a few hours..then back to miui again..but for speed and smooth..i don't know what causing this..but i feel in XOSP more speed and smooth than LOS.

But beside that all..for daily used i just can recommended it to you is stable of xiaomi.eu rom than official miui, coz xiaomi.eu rom already optimized for global user and ofcourse free bloatware of miui rom.
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] jaggy989:
Is miui nougat based global stable rom released ?
[Xiaomi Mi 5 Questions & Answers] smart_thingup:
Not yet still on alpha beta development. They release new beta version to beta tester every week.

The global beta is already release for public, so everyone can try. But it's buggy in some cases, still on development.
[Moto G4 Plus Questions & Answers] sebasaiello:
Hi all, let me explain my situation.

I have a Motorola G4+ XT1641 with stock MM 6.0.1 (build number ending in 139-23.1)

I'm on systemless root, with systemless Xposed and TWRP

Which is the best/fastest way to upgrade to Nougat?

I'm willing to install custom roms such as CM, or stock roms like the Lenovo soak test or AOSP
[OnePlus 3 Questions & Answers] Ketelbinie971:
Hi,

I'm using a sim in slot 2 just for data when I'm abroad (chatsim). I tried making a tasker profile which would switch data to sim2 when sim1 is roaming.

I've tried using a root shell command "settings put global multi_sim_data_call 2" and it does switch the data to sim 2 in the settings but actually nothing happens further.

The data is still on sim 1.

Does anyone know how to activate it? Maybe a command to restart the RIL?

Thanks for any help
[OnePlus 3 Questions & Answers] samtab37:
Have the same problem ?
[OnePlus 3 Questions & Answers] Primetime_de:
Any news on that?
[OnePlus 3 Questions & Answers] eldercynide:
Hi, this might be late but try changing SElinux from forced to permissive. It should solve the problem
[HTC Wildfire S] htcwfsjj:
I kept changing roms and enjoying HTC WFS and love HTC STOCK ROM WITH COOL FEATURES.

I got issue with battery state.

battery does not show correct status.

and now on every restart WHATSAPP says something wrong with chat history . So i have to RESTORE history :(

I am sure about this issue is due to battery state.

i tried every basic thing anyone will advice to do. like

i. flash new rom

ii. wipe stats

iii. whatsapp restore

iv. battery calibrate - multiple ways

v. etc etc etc.

NOTHING WORKED.

PLEASE HELP ME ASAP...
[Xperia Z Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] ikho22:
Guys help me . My C6603 has LTE but Low signal . How to fix this. But the Other device in my Location have LTE in Full Speed . How to fix this guys ? Thanks
[Moto G4 Questions & Answers] tenorxander95:
Are there any programs that can root the Amazon G4 since the bootloader can't be unlocked?
[Moto G4 Questions & Answers] bigunwhistle:
If you have the 32GB variant, try to unlock the bootloader. I have the 32gb one that I bought about 3 weeks ago and I unlocked my bootloader following the steps on motorolas website.
[Moto G4 Questions & Answers] tenorxander95:
Nope, got the 16GB that's still on -48 build.
[Moto G4 Questions & Answers] wackywalt:
bigunwhistle, I was also able to unlock the bootloader on my 32Gb MotoG4.

Do you always get the "Your device has been unlocked and can't be trusted" warning?
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] stevep:
Hi Folks

I've had my Mate 9 for around three weeks. I bought it SIM-free and I'm on '3' for my phone contract. I read recently on the '3' website that *some* Phones on '3' support WiFi calling but the Mate9 wasN'T on th elist. Yesyerday, flicking through a computer magazine, I read that '3' was rolling out voLTE on some of its phones - again no mention of whether that included the Mate 9.

So, 2 questions from a Mate 9 nooby...

1. Is voLTE the same as 'WiFi calling'?

2. I took a screen shot of my phone settings screen (attached), which now seems to have a new option relating to voLTE (I'm sure it wasn't there when I first bought the phone) - and it seems to be switched ON :) Before I get too excited, does this mean that I have WiFi calling?

Cheers guys!

:)
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] xacidx:
I don't have that option. What's your firmware version?
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] stevep:
Where do I find this information? and I'll let you know
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] stevep:
If this number is the firmware version, mine is MHA-L29C432B138
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] flyingjack:
unfortunately, nothing to do with WiFi calling...

volTE means voice over LTE....should offer HD calling while LTE/4G is available
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] stevep:
Hi flyingjack. Thanks for clarifying. So it just means 'clearer calls if 4g is available'?
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] flyingjack:
jep! but depending on 4G/LTE availability....
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] stevep:
Fab! Every day I learn something new! :) Thanks for your help.

Steve
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] xacidx:
Mine is on MHA-L29C636B138 and I don't have VoLTE option.... View attachment 4032331
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] stevep:
I guess it might depend on the Carrier (just a guess, I'm no expert!)
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] Governa:
It depends on the operator. If VoLTE is available you'll see an 'HD' icon at the top.
[Huawei Mate 9 Questions & Answers] Jaimesco12:
Same I'm on c636 though
[Galaxy S 5 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] toxicS5:
Okay so i recently tried a crap ton of methods to root sm-g900a and nothing worked so i used odin to go back to 6.0.1 and now i set my fingerprint and it works for a moment then after awhile it says "slide to unlock" idk what to do please help!
[Galaxy S 5 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] AlBaraa98:
i didnt understand

youre rooted now or not?
[General Questions and Answers] Ahsan Talha:
Hello guys after OTA lollipop update my Galaxy Grand Prime was booting normally but displaying black screen I downgraded to Kitkat now phone is working fine displaying everything after booting but showing black screen on Downloade mode recovery mode boot animation and logo.

Please help me to solve my problem.

Sorry for my bad english.
[G3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] daehenoc:
FIXED - TWRP installs successfully, on recovery boot gives "secure booting error"

Hi all, I have a LG G3 D855 from Optus in Australia. It's got stock Lollipop on it (Android 5.0, security patch level 2015-11-01, kernel 3.4.0, build LRX21R.A1447078419, Software version V21a-SEA-XX, baseband MPSS.hugenumber/letters-string) and I'm trying to get nougat on it.

I've started by getting root and now have root on the phone, this is confirmed by Root Checker and SuperSU.

I've tried the dd method of putting TWRP on the phone, as well as 'Official TWRP App' and have tried all current versions of TWRP (2.8.3, 2.8.4, 2.8.5, 2.8.6, 2.8.7, 3.0.0, 3.0.2). They all appear to write to the recovery location successfully, but when the phone is rebooted into recovery mode (either manually with VolDown/Power and bounce Power button on LG logo, or via TWRP/Flashify app), there is only the following error message displayed:

ERROR: boot certification verify
[21830] -----------------------------------
[21830]
[21830] Secure booting Error!
[21830] Cause : boot certification verify
[21830]
[21830] -----------------------------------

This is displayed for about 2 seconds, then the screen goes black and the indicator light flashes red and blue, and no buttons make anything happen. Removing the battery and reinserting the battery recovers the phone to default and it boots again.

I guess that because the phone is running Lollipop, TWRP won't work for boot? Do I have to revert to kitkat and then install TWRP? Am I missing something obvious?
[G3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] russelladurose:
I have had this issue
[G3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] daehenoc:
I found this: https://xdaforums.com/lg-g3/development/recovery-twrp-3-0-0-0-t3309475

And tried the freshest hottest TWRP from here: https://mirrors.c0urier.net/android/Dadi11/TWRP/TWRP-17-01-26/

Yeah, I didn't think so.

Do I really have to downgrade to kitkat, root the phone, install TWRP on kitkat, then flash to Nougat (was intending on using LineageOS ROM for Nougat).
[G3 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] daehenoc:
Note there is a new method to get root on Lollipop!

http://lgg3root.com/lg-g3-root/lg-g3-root-on-android-5-0-15-0-2-lollipop/

I've used this page to get Kit Kat back on the phone: http://lgg3root.com/lg-g3-root/how-to-unrootunbrick-lg-g3/

And I used the LG One Click Root to get root on the phone once I got Kit Kat on it.

And got the app supersu and twrp installed easily from the Play Store.

And used this method to check that twrp can be rebooted into: http://lgg3root.com/lg-g3-root-tutorials/how-to-manually-boot-into-cwmtwrp-recovery-on-lg-g3/

Pulled down Lineage from here: https://download.lineageos.org/d855

And gapps from here: http://downloadgapps.com/gapps/download-android-7-07-17-1-1-nougat-gapps/

EDIT: Hmm, no workie with the installation of Lineage, I get the following error:

Checking for BASEBAND version 21C
ERROR: It appears you are running an unsupported baseband.
assert failed: g3.verify_baseband("21C:MPSS.DI.2.0.1.C1.13.2-00002") == "1"
Updater process ended with ERROR: 7
Error installing zip file '/external_sd/<nameofinsallfile>.zip'

I've got CyanogenMod 13 from here:

http://lgg3root.com/t-mobile-g3-roms/cm13-rom-for-lg-g3-updated/

And this has installed successfully. Notes for myself with baseband and whatever:

Android v6.0.1

CM v13.0-20160202-NIGHTLY-d855

CM API level: Elderberry (5)

Android security patch level: 1 February 2016

Baseband version: MPSS.DI.2.0.1.c1.13-00009-M8974AAAAANPZM-1

Kernel: 3.4.0-CM-g5df41c7

Build date: Feb 1 18:04:03 PST 2016

Build number: cm_d855-userdebug 6.0.1 MMB29U ea056095cb test-keys

HAH! Searching has turned up this link:

https://xdaforums.com/lg-g3/general/radio-modem-lg-g3-t3110376

Where I've been able to pull down radio v21C, which I think needs to be installed then I should be OK to put Lineage on :D

OK, TWRP could flash this modem, but when I rebooted, the baseband version hadn't changed. I realised that I'd pulled down v21C, which is for Android 5, and the version of CM there is Android 6. I pulled down the version of modem (30B) for Android 6, and flashed that. When I rebooted the phone, baseband was reported as 'unknown'. Hmm. I then wiped the phone and tried flashing Lineage AND IT WORKED! WOOOHOOOO!

So, in the end, the steps were:

Revert to Kit Kat using factory LG flash software,

Get root (trivial now with LG One Click root),

Install TWRP, wipe everything (not the external SD card, which is where all the files are on)

Use TWRP to flash CM13 Android 6, Marshmallow (reboot), boot, confirm working,

Use TWRP to flash radio 30B, reboot, confirm baseband is 'unknown',

Use TWRP to flash Lineage, win!

Reference:

https://xdaforums.com/lg-g3/general/guide-how-to-install-lineag-os-t3558777
[Mogul, XV6800 General] killerkhatiby009:
I have been trying to figure this out for a while now, but just don't know if its possible. I want to connect my Mogul to my computer, and use the Wi-fi on my mogul, to give internet access to my computer. Pretty much the same as tethering my EVDO connection, but this time using the Wi-fi connection on it. Does anyone know how to do this (if it is even possible)? Thanks
[Mogul, XV6800 General] sirealz:
Like this?

http://xdaforums.com/showthread.php?t=341398
[Mogul, XV6800 General] killerkhatiby009:
No, what I want is to connect my mogul to my laptop using a USB cable, and have the mogul connected to my router through wi fi, and make it so I am using my Mogul as a wi fi adapter for my laptop. I don't want to use the EVDO connection.
[Mogul, XV6800 General] gazorp:
Buy a wifi adapter!
[Mogul, XV6800 General] killerkhatiby009:
lol, I already have one, but for some reason it doesnt work with some networks, while i can connect my phone fine through wi fi to the same network. Thats why I want to use my phone as the wi fi adapter, because for some reason, the actual one that i bought doesnt work for some networks.
[Mogul, XV6800 General] MetroKnight:
I'm sure this is possible, but I can't imagine this solution to be convenient! I see a new router in your future! :)
[Mogul, XV6800 General] Rudegar:
demand will never be bit for such features as wifi suck the battery dry pretty fast
[Mogul, XV6800 General] killerkhatiby009:
My phone would be connected to my computer. I am basically trying to turn my phone into a USB wi-fi adapter for my laptop. so as long as my laptop battery doesn't die, then my phones wouldn't either, since usb charges it.
[Mogul, XV6800 General] sunnyredwave:
Have you found a solution to this? I have exactly the same problem. I have a mogul that does not have sprint service on it. I have internet service at home and I need to use Mugul's wifi to share it with my laptop computer whose wifi adapter seems not working. In other words, all I want to do is to use Mugul as a USB wifi adpater for my laptop. Mogul can be connected with laptop via either usb cable or bluetooth. Most postings talk about WMwifirouter or PDAnet, but most require sprint data connection. I do not want to use sprint data. Please advise if you have found a solution. Thanks a lot!
[Mogul, XV6800 General] nonpolarity:
this page will help you:http://www.nod32cn.cn/post/48.html

I have tried,it works. and if you set the dns in the titan, it will be better.
[Galaxy S 5 Q&A, Help & Troubleshooting] yogesh.kalyana:
So the situation is that my phone is not booting up not in recovery mode and not in normal mode BUT it is however BOOTING INTO DOWNLOAD MODE .

now i thought maybe i will just reinstall the stock file and get back to business but it is still not booting up after flashing stock file properly as well in odin it goes as pass 100% but it does not boot back .

SINCE RECOVERY mode is not working i could not flash a custom rom

all this happened when i installed a boot logo changer zip from here https://xdaforums.com/showpost.php?p=65599504&postcount=22 , after that it hasnt been working !

please help [MENTION=6377149]yash92duster[/MENTION] or anyone else with such knowledge!