yashsingh1/xdaforums huggingface dataset:
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] SamerGallab:
This is how to flash Freedom OS 3.0 Stable onto OP3

I've dowloaded open gapps-arm64-7.1-nano-20171115 & flashed it after flashing Freedom OS 3.0 Stable. Everything is working normal so far. Note: Magisk was not working even when I've chosen it in the Aroma installer. I've flashed it manually & it's working now!

Now, I'm testing battery life.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] amandeepsaini11:
Install latest blur_spark v52.... V45 doesn't even boot for me on stock oreo
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Kinsoku:
Could you tell me where to find it? The latest i can find on its xda post are : twrp-3.1.1-x_blu_spark_v8.52-op3_op3t.img and twrp-3.1.1-x_blu_spark_v50-op3_op3t.img.

Actually i don't even know the difference between the 2 of them.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] SamerGallab:
Use twrp-3.1.1-x_blu_spark_v8.52-op3_op3t.img
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Kinsoku:
ok and before i do some mistake, i can just flash it trough my old recovery or i need to install it via ADB? thx
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] SamerGallab:
I think you should be able to install as an image file using your recovery. I already did so for my OP3.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] __Michael__:
Could someone explain me whats the problem with the last twrp recovery?

I have stock rom with dorimax kernel and I want to flash this ROM , but i see many problems here with this.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] SamerGallab:
I think it's a somehow issue in the open gapps zip file.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] d0e01:
I'm using twrp 3.1.1-2

I think this could be the problem. TBH I'm lazy to try it again without wiping anything or flashing an old recovery and trying again because I have to do all those thing for my watch too and it leads to more problems like watch can't receive notifications ...etc
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] dugi9991:
Looks also like Magisk has some problems while installing, few errors occurred. Can you try without it? You can easily flash it afterwards. Are all selected modules available on Oreo?

Also, some users are reporting problems with GAPPS, you can try a different version if somebody has a good suggestion.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
Clean flash on TWRP 3.1.1-2 (why did I even update from 3.0.2? argh) first, then blu_spark_v8.52. No dice, bootloop in both cases.

And here I was thinking I could finally give my phone a refresher after dirty flashing most FOS 2.x releases... Hope tomorrow a solution can be found.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] bwaybwoy:
I also got a bootloop after installing stable 3.0 both ways dirty and clean flash. Then I installed CE 3.0 it also went to bootloop. But I found a way to make my phone go out of bootloop (I don't know if it's a proper way). My steps were, turned the phone into twrp and click advance, file manager, and open the folder system, just open the folder. After that back to reboot the phone. Voilaa, my phone magically worked and was able to out from bootloop.

My phone is OP3T. I think the problem was in open gapps zip. I got a long progress when installing the open gapps.

I'm using twrp 3.1.1-2
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] savvymatthew:
I think I'm gonna wait to upgrade. I personally never had a problem clean flashing or dirty flashing the ROM but there seems to be a lot of bootloops going around with 3.0.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ivan tele:
i have the encrypted problem too were you able to solve it?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] tk8lm6:
I think I'm gonna roll back ... My battery life went to sh*t with this upgrade and I'm not really fussy about my battery. Strange.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] sstruke:
I can not find any link to download version 3.0
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Laamapalmu:
These have the 3.0 version on the first page.

[MENTION=1310756]GeneSixx[/MENTION] Mirror [FR/CA/SG]- Mirror 2

[MENTION=5377643]xByt3z[/MENTION] Mirror [NL]- Mirror 3
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] sstruke:
I opened these two links but there is nowhere 3.0 file
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Laamapalmu:
Hmmh... somethings going on with the servers I guess.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] sstruke:
Yeah, it looks like something on the servers

Thanks anyway for help
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] scottwallacesh:
Can't install 3.0

I had problems installing 3.0 on my OP3. I can't say, technically, that it was a boot-loop but there were lots of exceptions about missing libraries during the boot phase.

e.g.

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Missing required shared library:android.ext.services

and

Failed to open libdatactrl, some features may not be present

I always format /system, cache and dalvik cache before installing. Others mentioned "dirty flashing" so I tried formatting the same three partitions again, installing 2.12 and then 3.0 afterwards. The results were slightly better but still wouldn't complete a boot in a reasonable time.

The missing libraries seem to be related to some missing Google apps/packages. I suspect that the clean-up of the Aroma screens might have missed a core library or package.

After rolling back to 2.12 I had problems running some apps. I suspect this was due to changes in /data after the initial attempts at installing 3.0. Once I reinstalled those apps, everything was "back to normal".
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Laamapalmu:
I got the phone running after dirty flash with installing different GAPPS package. I had to reboot the device to get it out of bootloop. One thing I've noticed is that it drains quickly, Android System is almost top on the list. I also used Blu spark recovery for the installation.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] BRANDENDEUCE:
I think I'm going to hold off and see what happens.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
Hi ! I see many post and many had mistake with the last update !?

Can I Dirty flash it over 2.12 in my OP3 with no mistake ? I had the Twrp modify blu_spark and no encryption ?

Thank you
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] arrol_01:
Hello, I made a factory reset then clean falsh and I have been bootlop for 10 minutes, I have to do what? (I had the last CE version that encrypted all my data)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ernia75:
Hello.

But all those who have had problems, or did anyone succeed in installing FOS 3.0 quietly?

Can some users give positive feedback?

Thank you
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] samyong76:
The bootloop is caused by the lack of Gapps. Just flash Gapps after flashing the ROM and you should be good to do.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ernia75:
Do you keep this in this way? What gapps do you need to flash? do you have a link? We hope Nevax will make an update as soon as possible to eliminate this bug.

Inviato dal mio ONEPLUS A3003 utilizzando Tapatalk
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] samyong76:
Google Open Gapps.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] SamerGallab:
Let's summarize FOS 3.0 issues:

1) Boot logo animation stuck after a successful flash due to open gapps problem even after a clean flash.

2) Magisk & root access issues even after a clean flash.

3) Battery drain insanely (as for me, I've returned back to FOS 2.12).

Any other suggestions?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
I'll try flashing open gapps and verify if Magisk bugs out and battery drain occurs on my 3T too. If unacceptable I'll flash my nandroid back again.

Edit:

1. Flashing pico gapps after clean flashing the rom worked for me.

2. Magisk manager was not installed. Rebooting to recovery and flashing it did the trick.

3. Battery didn't seem to charge while plugged in to the laptop while restoring and setting up my apps, normally it would charge faster (and not stay at 35-37 for over two hours). Will charge it to 50% then see if it survives overnight.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] tk8lm6:
My dirty flashed worked fine. Magisk was fine. But the battery drain was horrific. Might have been better if I clean flashed but I didn't feel like it. I went back to 2.12 for now
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ManDone.vRs:
Arm or arm64 ?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] partridge79:
64 ofc ..so your flashing roms and dont know your phones architecture? Maybe do some more reading up first imo...as there is allot that can go wrong with FW and root options etc..
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
After 5 hours the phone went from 43% to 36%, idle drain seems perfectly fine. Will need to check during more active times, but for now I think I won't need to reflash my backup.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] bwaybwoy:
Have tried dirty flashing and it worked well from CE 3.0 to CE 3.1 by using SuperSU as root. Has anyone tried Magisk for CE version? In aroma installer CE 3.1, it has 2 options to choose SuperSU or Magisk.

Edit: after dirty flashing using the same FOS 3.1 with Magisk as root, it didn't work well. But I didn't get a bootloop.

Edit2: Tried dirty flashing for the second time, now Magisk appeared and it worked flawlessly! Best room ever!
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] NevaX1:
Small update will come soon to fix bootloop, waiting testers feedback
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] NevaX1:
New update!

Happy flashing ;)

3.0.1

UPDATE: Magisk V14.3(1347)
UPDATE: OpenGapps 20171116 nano
FIX: Google Apps installation (unable to boot system)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] bwaybwoy:
Would love to test it but I have to go right now. It seems the last update before the newest has slower charging battery.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Laamapalmu:
Is the download somewhere? I can only find one 3.0.1 download and it's signed.zip.md5 with size of 33B. Is the file still uploading to the server?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] NevaX1:
One more update, just for fun.

3.1

UPDATE: OxygenOS 4.5.1
General bug fixes and stability improvements
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] iceman0826:
About time :D (thank you button, pressed) :)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
Hi NevaX, thanks for the updates, however now the issue is that selecting/deselecting certain Gapps in Aroma no longer does anything to prevent certain things from being installed anyway... for instance during setup it says removing FaceDecect and FaceUnlock but further down below it says "installing facedetect - installing faceunlock"... :(
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
Thanks Nevax you are the best for a best Rom :D
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] vatsal8286:
where is the download link?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Jigneshg:
What are the custom kernels that can be flashed with this Rom?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] kashb91:
I found a link on one of his mirrors. The second one seems to have it
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
For me I use ElementalX but Franco or Blu Spark works fine too

---------- Post added at 05:07 PM ---------- Previous post was at 04:54 PM ----------

In the first page :p
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] MTahaOzsahin:
i can not remebber at all but i guess i did clean flash and it solved. Actually i did not solve that pin problem. sorry :(
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ivan tele:
I had to install stock recovery then do a full wipe , after booted normally en appeared to be encrypted but I used my regular passcode and it opened

---------- Post added at 10:09 PM ---------- Previous post was at 10:08 PM ----------

Edit then flashed latest twrp 3.1.1.2
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
Hi ! Thanks a lot for this update of Fos 3.1 "Oos 4.5.1" it's cool to be up to date. No mistake all work fine :) and very stable. Great jobs..:good:

I had question just for information please :confused:

For Google Apps Aroma "Google Talkback" it must be installed or not ? And what's the difference between installing Google Apps by "Aroma Mod" or by Play Store ? Exemple : "Google, Drive, Maps, Chrome and Photos" apart from the fact that either become System or User Apps ? But another ??? Autonomy ? Performance in use ?

Thank you Have a good day.

(The photo post it's because I select many Google Apps and I think it may be better not to check them and then install them from the Playstore)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] pepemarrufo:
Thanks Nevax Is a super ROM.

One cuestion. How can i install Arise Viper systema? I can see the option un aroma ...?

Enviado desde mi ONEPLUS A3000 mediante Tapatalk
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] d0e01:
Yeah I manage to flash 3.1 and just like you said bettey life is a bad.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
After a day of limited usage I noticed the battery drain is abnormally fast when phone is awake and screen is on. 11 hours from full to 10%, previous versions weren't as taxing. If this keeps up tomorrow I will roll back to 2.12.

Also just watching youtube heats up my phone in no time.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] BRANDENDEUCE:
Am I missing 3.1 on the DL page or?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Brightlenny:
For me have not had problems after dirty flashing 3.0 or 3.1 and using latest Dorimanx kernel. Was experiencing a little battery drain after 3.0 and now back to normal on 3.1

Thanks [MENTION=5767887]NevaX1[/MENTION] for your hard work really appreciate it:svetius:
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Duduzinho16:
I'm having battery drain too on 3.1
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] TabrisJ:
Now I am using Freedom OS CE 2.17. Android O is not stable enough so I want to stay at Nougat. But the CE goes to O now.

Can I just flash this Freedom OS 3.1? Anyone who did this?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] null0seven:
I am using OREO, on OnePlus 3, ob26 & now ob27, since 14 oct. .2017. So it's stable.

Guys, use Oreo recovery, blu spark by eng-stk - v.8.52. Also, kernel should be for Oreo.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] StressFull:
Stopped the 2 Dirac applications and this seems better.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
Do a clean flash
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
It was a clean flash. Even formatted the storage because previous install was encrypted and wanted to clean up everything anyway.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] cara76:
Hello,

Just did a clean flash for FOS3.1. Battery drain was high (7%/hour idle).

Rollback this morning to FOS2.12.

In any case (3.1 or 2.12), magisk is not showing unless I do a second flash (dirty). And viper4android is not working (driver status abnormal).

FYI, im installing blu_spark r202 right after the flash.

Been on 2.10 since several months, was working really great, but wanted to update.

edit : V4A is now working, I had to check SELinux policy in aroma installer.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] MarcTremonti:
- deleted.

thought i am in CE thread :D
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] tk8lm6:
Yeah it looks like the Dirac Control Service is sucking battery like crazy. I stopped it and disabled it ... It seems a little better. This started with the 3.0 Freedom release.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] StressFull:
But then v4a does not work...
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] BRANDENDEUCE:
So I flashed a different kernel and flashed 14.3 afterwards. Got the 'magisk not installed . Went back and flashed 14.0 and got the response is invalid. Just wondering if I'm missing something
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
Hi ! Do you test a battery monitoring type "Wakelock battery detector" for see what drain.

it's difficult because nobody uses the same way.

And after a clean flash you do stay some time because your phone is clean and many synchro drain in background.

have you ever looked at post about battery optimization for Oneplus 3? (Not backup with Google in settings/reset & backup. Wifi only in charge. Remove storage for Google play services. Etc etc... ?) You use any audio mods ? Type viper4 ?

For me I did not notice any battery drain at the moment. I stay 2 days for see Actually ? And see if this new update work fine but for the moment do not see any problems ! Is stable and work fine:)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] tk8lm6:
Which reminds me of a question I have long had. I always install Arise and V4A because I sorta presume that it is the only way to get the Dolby Atmos app loaded on the system. (The only audio processor I use is the Dolby Atmos).

Am I being wrong/stupid? Does ARISE and or V4A lay Dolby Atmos onto the system or what? Would someone mind explaining to me? Thanks!
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Neo3000x:
Anyone found a solution to this problem? I just upgraded from 2.11 to 3.1 and this problem might force me to restore my nandroid, as I use it all the time.

Edit:

I did a restore and now my Bluetooth isn't working, what can I do to fix it?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] dr. killjoy:
Really dumb question. What's the newest version? 2.9 or 2. 12? Couldn't see a build date just by looking at them.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Neo3000x:
3.1
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] frank1016:
Italian Google assistant doesn't work with this update. Anyone else noticed this problem?

I have a OP3t with FOS 3.1.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] dt0807:
Yeah, it's a bit confusing because the first mirror in OP doesn't have 3.1, but the next two links do
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] null0seven:
The date it's very Clear on the line of 3.1.

4 links for download. At least in one of them you find 3.1.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] hurray:
[MENTION=5767887]NevaX1[/MENTION]: I must say a big "thank you" for your work! :)

Yesterday I went from FreedomOS 1.7 (Android 6.01) in one single step to FreedomOS 3.1 and everything important to me is working till now. :)

I substituted SuperSU with the root from magisk and use Xposed 88.2 as magisk-module too. I even must not installed my Xposed-Modules again, only deactivate all and reactivate them after a reboot was needed.

Viper4Android works out of the box (I use the install-version from FreedomOS and not the magisk-module).

The only annoying thing with the pure white notifications from Android 7.x were solved with a Substratum theme named "Ozone 4.4".

So for now I am glad to wait so long with upgrading to nougat till solutions like Magisk and Xposed are working good.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] joakimbo:
OOS 5.0 (Oreo) stable is out :D
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Kiceczek:
omg this start happen to me again i flash new rom and is still the same any ideas ?...
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Jigneshg:
Well just when we thought one plus has released OOS 5.0 for 3 and 3T Oreo stable.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] joakimbo:
Huh? What do you mean?:confused: It's not a thought, it's actually released
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Jigneshg:
I meant stable Oreo version is released.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] jdgesmlls:
Can you share a link? It hasn't hit the oneplus site under downloads for the 3T...thanks.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] spaziomilano:
For Oneplus 3t only: http://otafsg.h2os.com/patch/amazon...ygen_28_OTA_060_all_1711160447_d36ec5aab3.zip
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Hisucchi:
I was about to follow your suggestion to see what exactly was draining the battery this much, but after disabling the two Dirac system apps as suggested in this thread, battery usage has returned to normal levels. Bad for V4A though... Guess this will have to do until Oreo hits stable FOS.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] ggkameleon:
Yes oreo stable OxygenOs 5.0 for Oneplus 3 & 3T :laugh:

Just stay Nevax roll out FreedomOs Oreo stable for us :silly:

For have the official oxygenOs 5.0 just use vpn to canada.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Jxcorex29:
Dirac control service?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] oonline:
Works great!
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Radolex:
[MENTION=5515533]acheney1990[/MENTION] Like stock oxygen, there is no big differences ;)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] acheney1990:
Good to hear. I thought there might be issues with version 1.3 as some people seemed to be posting about it. As well as unfortunately on stock I was having some Bluetooth and GPS issues at times.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] Radolex:
[MENTION=5515533]acheney1990[/MENTION] wait for 1.4 it will be soon
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] acheney1990:
Will do. Thanks.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] NevaX1:
Nice try :)

1.3.1 is here:

Changelog:

ADD: ElementalX Kernel 0.10 with the AROMA configuration. @flar2 [OPTION]
ADD: Wipe cache during flash
ADD: odex files for data apps, the first booting time is now reduced.
ADD: Removing DivesIconPack [OPTION]
ADD: Removing RifonIconPack [OPTION]
UPDATE: SuperSU 2.76 STABLE
UPDATE: AROMA 3.00b1
UPDATE: Google Hangouts
UPDATE: Google Maps
UPDATE: Gmail
UPDATE: Google Music
UPDATE: Swiftkey
UPDATE: YouTube
UPDATE: Xposed Installer Material
CHANGE: Change temp dir for supersu installation "/tmp/tools/su" -> "/tmp/supersu"
FIX: If you selected "No" to the assert check, it skips some steps.
FIX: SuperSU installation for users coming from 1.2.1 with dirty flash.
FIX: Gogole on Tap/Now, apk is now installed as system app.
FIX: su.d permissions, see 5.1.1 https://su.chainfire.eu.
FIX: Swiftkey uninstallation.
ENHANCEMENT: AROMA UI and typo.
REMOVE: SuperSU option, the rom was not able to boot without it.
NOTE: Swiftkey icon is hidden with the OnePlus launcher,
Go to 'Settings > Language & input > Actual keyboard > Select keyboard'.
IMPORTANT: Latest OFFICIAL TWRP is needeed for flashing this rom!!!
And more, check gitlab.com/Nevax/FreedomOS .

IMPORTANT:

OFFICIAL TWRP

is needeed for flashing this rom.

Special thanks to [MENTION=3119377]Schrotty35[/MENTION] for his debugging with all other testers.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] flyaway718:
Does anyone know what this is? It seems to use a lot of battery. I never seen this beofrw from any ROM.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] bethedealer:
Hi, I'm new to this rom. I'd like to know if this rom has options to increase the notification volume and vibration effect? I feel these 2 are quite weak in stock rom.

Thanks for providing this rom alternatives.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] NevaX1:
You can boost tje audio sound with Viper4Android and increase the vibration with the custom kernel.

This is a framework jar from sony coming with the audio mod.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] oonline:
Just flashed 1.3.1 with EX kernel..

One bug i've found so far is that the sRGB mode gets turned off automatically after every reboot. I will have to go into developer settings, switch it off and on again for it to come back...

I'm not sure if its a EX Kernel thing cause I chose the Lower Screen Brightness option
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] flyaway718:
If I disable it, will viper4android still work?
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] NevaX1:
I think you are gonna lost some effects.

But try it, we are here for that :) .

And first do a backup.

If you want to keep sRGB on reboot, use a Kernel Manager app.

I recommended two options:

- Kernel Auduitor (Free)

- EX Kernel Manager (For supporting [MENTION=4684315]flar2[/MENTION] for his hard work)
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] freakzapster:
[MENTION=5767887]NevaX1[/MENTION] is this rom compatible with multirom ??
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] flyaway718:
sRGB settings stick after reboot for me without any kernels edit.
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] isoladisegnata:
Ive this rom in primary
[OnePlus 3 & 3T Cross Device Development] freakzapster:
actually i am on oos and i tried flashing this rom from multirom it did flash but while booting it gave some error that it cannot boot.

thats why i asked