[Android Software/Hacking General [Developers Only]] puterboy:
$ mount

rootfs on / type rootfs (ro,relatime)

tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,nosuid,relatime,mode=755)

devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,seclabel,relatime,mode=600)

none on /dev/cpuctl type cgroup (rw,relatime,cpu)

proc on /proc type proc (rw,relatime)

sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,seclabel,relatime)

selinuxfs on /sys/fs/selinux type selinuxfs (rw,relatime)

debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,relatime)

none on /sys/fs/cgroup type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,relatime,mode=750,gid=1000)

none on /acct type cgroup (rw,relatime,cpuacct)

tmpfs on /mnt/secure type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,relatime,mode=700)

tmpfs on /mnt/secure/asec type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,relatime,mode=700)

/dev/block/vold/179:33 on /mnt/secure/asec type exfat (rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime,nodiratime,uid=1023,gid=1023,fmask=0007,dmask=0007,allow_utime=0020,codepage=cp437,iocharset=utf8,namecase=0,errors=remount-ro)

tmpfs on /mnt/asec type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000)

tmpfs on /mnt/obb type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,relatime,mode=755,gid=1000)

/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/system on /system type ext4 (ro,seclabel,relatime,data=ordered)

/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/userdata on /data type ext4 (rw,seclabel,nosuid,nodev,noatime,discard,journal_checksum,journal_async_commit,noauto_da_alloc,data=ordered)

/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/cache on /cache type ext4 (rw,seclabel,nosuid,nodev,noatime,discard,journal_checksum,journal_async_commit,noauto_da_alloc,data=ordered)

/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/persist on /persist type ext4 (rw,seclabel,nosuid,nodev,noatime,discard,journal_checksum,journal_async_commit,noauto_da_alloc,data=ordered)

/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/efs on /efs type ext4 (rw,seclabel,nosuid,nodev,noatime,discard,journal_checksum,journal_async_commit,noauto_da_alloc,data=ordered)

/dev/block/platform/msm_sdcc.1/by-name/modem on /firmware type vfat (ro,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,fmask=0337,dmask=0227,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=lower,errors=remount-ro)

tmpfs on /storage/emulated type tmpfs (rw,seclabel,nosuid,nodev,relatime,mode=050,gid=1028)

/data/container on /mnt/shell/container type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1000,gid=1000,derive=none)

/data/media on /mnt/shell/emulated type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,derive=legacy,reserved=20MB)

/dev/block/vold/179:33 on /mnt/media_rw/extSdCard type exfat (rw,dirsync,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime,nodiratime,uid=1023,gid=1023,fmask=0007,dmask=0007,allow_utime=0020,codepage=cp437,iocharset=utf8,namecase=0,errors=remount-ro)

/mnt/media_rw/extSdCard on /storage/extSdCard type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,derive=unified)

/data/media on /storage/emulated/0 type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,derive=legacy,reserved=20MB)

/data/media on /storage/emulated/0/Android/obb type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,derive=legacy,reserved=20MB)

/data/media on /storage/emulated/legacy type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,derive=legacy,reserved=20MB)

/data/media on /storage/emulated/legacy/Android/obb type sdcardfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,uid=1023,gid=1023,derive=legacy,reserved=20MB)

---------- Post added at 10:51 AM ---------- Previous post was at 10:45 AM ----------

Note - to clarify my earlier post, the problem really is when running Bash as ROOT.

I have fixed the non-root issue with "getcwd: cannot access parent directories: Permission denied" - I think it was a path/perms issue.

So, it now works perfectly when running as a non-root user.

But if I ever run Bash as superuser, then I get permission denied when I try to run anything but a built-in command.

I can't think of any reason why permission would be denied to root but not to a non-root user. Hmmmmm.